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REYNOLDS  HISTORICAL! 
ENEALOGY  COLLECTION 


ALLEN.CpUNTY  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


,    3  1833  01740  4697 


GENEALOGY 

975.5 

V82385 
1916 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2010  with  funding  from 

Allen  County  Public  Library  Genealogy  Center 


http://www.archive.org/details/virginiamagazine1916bruc 


THE 


VIRGINIA  MAGAZINE 


OF 


HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY 


Published  Quarterly  by 

THE  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY, 

FOR  THE 

YEAR  ENDING  DECEMBER  31,  1916. 


VOU.  XXIV. 


Richmond,  Va. 

HOUSE   OF  THE  SOCIETY, 

No.  707  East  Franklin  St. 


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PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE. 

ARCHER  ANDERSON, 
C.  V.  MEREDITH, 
E.  V.  VALENTINE.  . 


Editor  of  the  Magazine. 
WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


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TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 


Baylor,  John,  Will  (1772) 357 

Book  Reviews 104,  223    334    446 

Byrd,  William  (1st),  Letters  of 225,  350 

Council  and  General  Court  Minutes,  1622-1629 56,  142,  23S,  337 

Council  Papers  1698-1702 70,  151,  204,' 395 

Genealogy:     Blackwell 99    204   312 

Fleming 94,  2O6,  327,  440 

Gorsuch  and  Lovelace 81,  214,  317,  425 

Harrison  (Northern  Va.) 97,  2II 

Payne 221   315 

Taylor  (Southampton) 102,  213,  314 

Todd _'_425 

Yeardley 444 

Illustrations:      Ivlap  of  Virginia,  1702.     By  F.  L.  Michel.  Frontispiece. 

Walkern  Church,  Hertfordshire 80a 

Gorsuch  Arms .- gl 

Tomb  of  Daniel  and  Alice  Gorsuch 86a 

Portraifof  Mrs.  Mary  (Boiling)  Fleming 94a 

Wm.  &  Mary  College  1702.     By  F.  L.  Michel 126a 

Indians  of  Virginia,  1702.     By  F.  L.  Michel 130a 

Fac-Simile    of    Signatures    to    Treaty    of    Fort    Pitt 
1778 168a 

Church  &  houses  in  Williamsburg,  1702.     By  F.  L. 

Michel 274a 

Dr.  Graffenried's  Map  of  Potomac  River 302a 

Portrait  of  Judge  William  Fleming 326a 

Toddsbury ,  Gloucester  Co 424a 

King  William  County  Records,  Notes  from 388 

Michel,  F.  L.,  Journey  to  Virginia  1701-1702,  (Translated  by  Dr.  W  J 

Hinke.) 1_     113^    275 

Notes   and   Querries 193,   305,    417 

Pittsylvania  County  Tithables,  1767.     Contributed  by  Mrs.  N.  E 

Clement 180,   271 

Virginia  Frontier  in  History.     By  David  I.  Bushnell,  Jr 44,  168 

Virginia  Gazette,  1752  and  1755,  Extracts  from .404 

Virginia    Gleanings    in    England.     By    Lathrop    Withington    and 

LeoCullcnton 66,  158,  261,  379 

Virginia  in  1678 _       _       77 

Virginia  in  1678-79 _163,  250,  361 

Virginia  Historical  Society,  List  of  Officers  and  Members,  January 
Magazine. 

Virginia  Historical  Society,   Proceedings  of  Annual  Meeting,  April 
Magazine. 

William  &  Mary  Collegers.  Frewen,  Chancery  Suit,  1702... ..374 


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EDITOR  X)F  THE  MAG AZINE, 

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CONTENTS. 


'  '-■'■'■^.'T^ 


'ir|'.  The  Journey  of  Francis  Louis  MicHelj.-^^^rV^r 
-  ^2/?  Tlie^A^LTgima  Frontier  in  History    '  /       -    " 


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.:-^7r? -Geneaiogy^^%* -^i^'l^i^-^U'-^^ 

and  Lovelace,  Fleming,  Harrison  (N 
i.j. .  Blackwell  and  Taylor  (Southampton). 


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MICHEL'S  MAP 

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THE     "'■:.:■ 


Virginia  Magazine 

■    '    '  ""'    OP '      '  ''\[ 

HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 

Vol.  XXIV.  January,  1916.  No.  1 


Report  of  the  Journey  of  Francis  Louis  Michel  from 

Berne,   Switzerland,   to  Virginia,   October  2, 

1701-December  1,  1702.(1) 

Translated  and  edited  by  Prof.  Wm.  J.  Hinke,  Ph.  D, 

[The  attention  of  the  translator  (Prof.  Hinke)  was  first  drawn 
to  the  reports  and  letters  of  Michel  by  Mr.  Albert  Cook  Myers, 
the  well  known  Quaker  historian  of  Pennsylvania.  In  his 
researches,  connected  with  the  editing  of  the  "Complete  Works 
of  Wm.  Penn,"  Mr.  Myers  had  come  across  these  valuable 
documents,  which  had  been  printed  in  part  in  1898  in  a  histori- 
cal yearbook,  published  in  Berne,  Switzerland.  It  is  entitled, 
"Neues  Bemer  Taschenbuch  auf  das  Jahr  1898,"  i.  e.,  "New 
Berne  Pocket  Book  for  the  Year  1898."  In  this  Year  Book  (pp. 
59-144)  Mr.  J.  H.  Graf  published  a  series  of  reports  and  letters  of 
Michel,  from  a  Ms.  in  the  city  library  of  Berne,  under  the  title: 
"Francis  Louis  Michel  of  Berne  and  his  first  Travels  to  America, 
1701-1704."  As  there  were  a  number  of  omissions  in  this  pub- 
lication, a  complete  copy  of  the  Ms.  was  secured  through  the 

(l)-Tliis  report  of  Michel  is  accompanied  by  a  map,  which  he  himself 
drew  of  the  entrance  of  the  Chesapeake  Bay.  The  reproduction  in  the 
M.'VGAZiNE  is  a  reduced  copy  of  Micliel's  map. 


T.   1^ 


2i        ;     '.■■-:•■■  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

>:•  ".       ''.\>  kindness  and  courtesy  of  the  Chief  Librarian  of  the  Berne 
;  .  .1  library,  Prof.  Dr.  Wolfgang  F.  von  Miihnen.     The  whole  Ms. 

is  now  published  for  the  first  time  in  an  English  translation. (la) 
.        '  Francis  Louis  Michel,  who  is  well  known  through  his  con- 

nection with  Baron  Graffenried  and  the  establishment  of  the 
\,;,.       .       first  Germ.an  colony  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  in  the  year 
:;         '      1710,    belonged   to   a   prominent   Berne   family,    Michel   von 
•  .   .,/,      .      Schwertschwendi.     His  father,  David  Michel,  bom  1634,  was 
Lord  of  Ralligen,  becam.e  member  of  the  Great  Council  of 
■•;.     ■       Berne  in  1673  and  prefect  of  Gottstatt  in  1684.     He  died  Feb- 
•'■    '   r    ruary  7,  1696.     He  had  three  children.     His  younger  son,  John 
iJ:  ,1     !   Louis,  born  April  6,  1684,  became  Lord  of  Aarau  and  revenue 
ccmimiissioner  in  Yverdon.     His  older  son,  whose  date  of  birth 
scem.s  to  be  unknown,  led  an  adventurous  life  as  traveler  and 
explorer   in   Am.erica.     His   daughter,    Johanna   Esther,    was 
married  to  Abraham  Wild,  prefect  of  Buchsee.     In  his  early 
life  Francis  Louis  Michel  had  a  military  training.     He  probably 
served  as  an  officer  in  the  French  army.     His  whole  later  con- 
.....  V,    duct,  as  well  as  his  interest  in  military  affairs,  point  in  that 
1  ...  direction.     After  he  had  returned  hom.e,   Michel  made  two 

1  lu-  bui  v)i    journeys  to  Am.erica,  between  the  years  1702-1704.     His  letters 
f'...;-,",:  I'    and  reports  show  that  he  aim.cd  at  setthng  a  Swiss  colony  in 
?  ill-  ,..■  • ",     Am:erica.     In  this  he  was  not  directly  successful,  but  his  letters 
CaU'-.:  :'v    led  to  the  organization  of  a  joint-stock  company,  known  as 
firu'  .1  V  .;     George  Ritter  and  Co.,  under  whose  auspices  Christopher  von 
'••  '■■■■  <       Graffen-ried  founded  the  Genr.an  colony  of  New  Berne,  N.  C, 
■  1..'    ..  ;     in  the  year  1710,  at  the  m.outh  of  the  Trent  and  Neuse  rivers. 
,,.-,,     ..:         The  more  important  documents  of  Francis  Louis   Michel, 
i'.,.  ■   '  ■      preserved  at  Berne,  are  in  rcahty  not  the  originals  themselves, 
.1  '  ri    l.._    but  copies,  m.ade  by  his  brother,  John  Louis  Michel.     They 

consist  of  the  following: 

1     r      ;■  a  I    A  short  report  of  his  journey  to  America,  October  2,  1701- 

'■     December  1,  1702,  accompanied  by  a  series  of  sketches:  (a)  A 

'      ■     •  ■      n-ap  showing  the  entrance  of  the  Chesapeake  Bay;  (b)  a  sketch 

•■•  ■■-'•■  ■  "•■'      of  the  College  at  William.sburg;  (c)  a  sketch  of  the  State  House, 

(la)-ln  the  interpretation  of  difr'cult  words,  the  translator  had  the 
::      '     ,        assi.-tancc  of  Prof.  A.  B.  Faust,  of  Cornell  University,  and  of  Prof.  W.  F. 
;,,.•        •  ..       von  Miilinen,  of  the  University  cf  Berne,  Switzerland. 


.1 


\jt\  r      1  .!  'I.-/!   2i;' 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.        .•  6 

begun  1702;  (d)  a  sketch  of  the  Church  at  Williamsburg;  (e)  a 
sketch  of  a  waterspout;  (f)  a  sketch  of  three  Indians  and  their 
houses. 

2.  "Several  letters,  which  arrived  after  the  departure  of  my 
brother,  dated  February  14,  1703,  from  London,  and  from 
America." 

3.  A  draft  of  a  petition  to  the  Queen  of  England,  asking  for  a 
concession,  in  order  to  found  a  colony  there.] 

Short  Report  of  the  American  Journey,  which  was  made 
FROM  the  2nd  of  October  of  Last  Year  to  the  First  op 
December  of  this  Current  Year  1702.  ,    , 

On  the  Ship  Nassau, 

built  for  700  tons  and  forty  pieces  [of  cannon]. 

Account  of  my  first  travels. 

Soli  Deo  Gloria.  ,     .     ' 

1701,  October.  After  I  had  determined  upon  this  ioumey, 
I  engaged  passage  on  a  ship  going  down  the  Rhine,  at  Basle,  on 
the  Sth  of  October,  and  on  the  30th  of  said  month  I  arrived  in 
Rotterdam,  where  an  English  yacht  lay  ready,  to  convey 
Milord  Galloway  to  London.  I  made  use  of  this  opportunity. 
On  the  evening  of  the  31st,  we  left  the  land  and  with  the  ebb 
and  a  weak  but  good  wind  sailed  for  three  hours,  then  anchored. 
In  the  morning  we  made  use  of  the  tide  and  at  ten  o'clock 
reached  Bricl  [Brielle](2),  a  city  five  hours  distant  from  Rotter- 
dam. As  the  wind  was  too  weak  Milord  stayed  there  till  the 
following  morning.  In  the  forenoon  we  sailed  with  an  east  wind 
out  of  the  Rhine  into  the  ocean,  for  about  two  hours,  when  we 
were  forced,  Ijccause  of  the  weak  wind  and  the  unfavorable  tide, 
to  cast  anchor.  At  evening  the  aforesaid  wind  increased  and 
we  advanced  during  the  night  about  30  hours  [90  miles].  At 
noon  we  saw  land,  which  looked  as  if  it  were  encloc:d  by  high, 
white  walls,  inasmuch  as  the  largest  part  of  England  towards 
the  ocean  lies  upon  white  and  high  cliffs  of  chalk.     At  evening 

(2)-Brielle  lies  at  what  is  now  the  mouth  of  the  New  Meuse  River,  on 
the  island  of  Voorne. 


4  '      VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE, 

we  anchored  in  the  Terns  [Thames].  In  the  morning  we  sailed 
up  the  stream,  covered  with  ships,  through  a  beautiful  and  fer- 
tile district,  passing  the  town  of  Gravesend. 

1701,  November.  To-night,  namely  the  4th  of  November, 
we  landed  in  London,  not  far  from  the  Tower.  But  before  we 
landed  we  were  carefully  searched  for  the  third  time,  whether 
we  had  any  dutiable  goods.  Even  the  trunks  of  Milord  were 
not  spared.  The  dutiable  goods  consist  among  other  things 
of  yam,  laces,  linen,  that  is  unused,  wine,  whiskey,  and  other 
foreign  goods.  As  it  was  already  dark  and  as  I  was  unacquaint- 
ed with  English  customs  and  the  English  language,  I  had  great 
difficulty  in  finding  a  lodging  place  for  the  night.  But  in  the 
morning  a  Frenchman  showed  me  a  room,  in  the  so-called 
Quarter  Gracq,  which  was  rented  by  the  week,  where  I  stayed 
till  my  embarkation. 

I  shall  not  delay  long  in  order  to  describe  this  great  and  mighty 
city  and  the  fertile  country,  because,  as  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
and  richest  countries,  it  is  sufficiently  well  known.  In  this  great 
metropolis  the  splendid  St.  Paul's  cathedral  is  especially  note- 
worthy, whose  size  and  costly  workmanship  excite  attention, 
since  m.ore  than  thirty  six  years  have  been  spent  in  its  erection 
and  m.ore  than  ten  years  will  still  be  necessary  before  it  is  com- 
pletcd(3).  It  is  built  of  large  white  hewn  stone.  To  secure  the 
necessary  mioney  for  it  the  burning  of  hard  coal  is  taxed.  Each 
wagonload  is  taxed  a  crown,  which  yields  an  incredibly  large 
sum. 

Not  far  from  the  city  two  royal  castles  arc  located,  together 
with  the  adjoining  pleasure  and  game  parks,  where  the  late 
king  William  used  to  spend  much  time.  One  is  called  Kensing- 
ton(4),  the  other  Grenwitsch  [Greenwich]. (5) 

(.3)-According  to  Baedeker's  Lon^/o?i,  IGtii  cd..  1911,  p  91,  "the  present 
church,  desig^ned  by  Cliristophcr  Wren  and  bepun  in  107.5.  was  opened  for 
divine  service  on  Deceinljcr  2,  1G97,  and  completed  in  1710.  The  greater 
part  of  the  cost  of  the  construction,  which  may  be  estimated  at  about 
850,000  1.,  wat^  defrayed  by  a  ta.x  on  coal  entering  the  jjort  o''  London." 

(4)-Kensin{,ton  Palace  was  purchased  from  the  second  Earl  of  Nottinjr- 
ham  by  Kinf^  William  III.  in  16S9.  The  present  brick  edifice  was  built 
for  William  and  Mary  in  lGSO-91.     Sec  Baedeker's  London,  p.  264. 

(5)-Grecnwich  Palace,  l:uilt  by  Charles  II.  in  1667,  was  converted  into 
a  Hospital  for  aged  and  disabled  soldiers  by  William  III.  in  1G94.  See 
Baedeker's  London,  p.  393. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  5 

In  order  to  gain  my  purpose,  I  went  out  daily  to  inquire  when 
the  West  India  ships  would  sail.  After  eight  days  I  learned 
that  within  four  weeks,  as  usual,  a  large  number  of  ships  would 
leave  for  that  country,  but  especially  the  ship  Nassau,  upon 
which  it  was  possible  at  that  time,  because  of  the  King's  liberal- 
ity, to  travel  free  of  charge.  To  that  end  I  inquired  of  the 
commissioner,  appointed  for  that  purpose,  who  at  o.ice  ap- 
proved of  my  desire  and  informed  me  that  the  ship  would  sail 
within  four  weeks.  The  stranger  can  find  out  daily,  at  the 
Bourse,  when  and  where  the  ships  ready  to  sail  leave,  and  also 
the  name  of  the  captain  and  at  what  place  and  time  he  is  to  be 
found;  the  size  of  the  ship,  the  number  of  sailors  and  cannons 
is  also  stated. 

The  ordinary  fare  is  five  pounds,  sometimes  six,  for  the  jour- 
ney across,  but  only  half  that  amount  for  the  return  journey. 
After  I  had  made  sure  of  the  ship,  I  inquired  what  marketable 
goods  could  be  purchased.  I  bought,  as  far  as  I  was  able,  SDme 
of  every  kind,  also  what  was  necessary  for  the  journey  and  my 
stay  there,  namely:  A  mattress,  linen,  whiskey,  ready-made 
clothes,  hats,  stockings,  shoes,  rifles,  all  kinds  of  household 
goods  and  implements,  knives,  scissors,  shoe  buekles,  hair 
powder,  especially  amber,  all  kinds  of  perfumes  and  laces;  in 
short  everything  that  a  man  needs,  except  food.  Tae  ordinary 
and  lowest  profit  is  fifty  per  cent.  But  there  are  goad^  on  which 
one  can  double  and  even  treble  his  money.  The  largest  profit 
of  the  merchants  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  inhabitants  of  the 
West  [Western  World]  have  to  order  everything  from  England, 
because  through  lack  of  artisans  nothing  can  be  made  in  that 
country,  although  the  materials  for  many  things  can  be  found 
there.  It  is  probable  that  the  merchants  in  England  make  no 
search  for  this  [material],  but  rather  discourage  it,  because  they 
would  lose  much  in  trade. 

When  I  had  finished  my  purchases  and  the  appointed  tims 
had  come,  I  went  to  the  commissiDner,  named  Captain  Jaco, 
who  resides  in  St.  Anne  street.  (6)  He  informed  me  that  tha 
ship  would  soon  be  ready  to  leave  and  that  it  was  lying  at  anchor 

(6)-St.  Anne  St.  is  near  Westminster  Abbey,  connecting  Orchard  St 
and  Great  Peter  St. 


i.1 


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lir^i    .c:li.'':L«i   zcpK    ^r'Vfit' 


6  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

at  Blackwahl  [Blackwall](7),  one  hour  from  London.  He  gave 
me  a  note  to  Captain  Robert  Trischen,  to  receive  me  and  to 
board  me  according  to  custom. 

1701,  December.  On  the  15th  of  December  I  went  on  board 
of  ship.  I  looked  at  once  for  a  well  located  cabin  and  with  some 
effort  made  myself  comfortable.  There  were  140  persons  on 
the  sam.e  deck.  We  stayed  there  without  prospect  [of  depart- 
ure] till  January  14,  1702. 

1702,  January.  The  cause  [of  the  delay]  was  the  contrary 
wind  and  also  the  fact  that  our  ship,  because  of  its  size,  was 
Eubjcct  to  m;ilitary  service.  But  Mr.  William,  the  owner  of  the 
ship,  substituted  another  ship  in  its  place.  He  was  able  to 
secure  this  concession  because  he  was  a  member  of  parliament 
at  that  time.  Fourteen  ships  are  owned  by  him.  The  king 
has  knighted  him.  He  has  great  wealth.  In  his  youth  he  was 
a  ccm.m.on  sailor. 

During  this  tim.e  m.erchandise  and  provisions  were  daily  taken 
on  beard,  and  also  scm.e  poor  English  (*)  people,  or  persons  who 
had  been  guilty  of  some  crim.e,  young  and  old,  sold  into  servitude 
for  four  years.  Those  who  are  not  of  age  must  serve,  according 
to  law,  till  they  have  reached  the  21st  year,  for  food  and  clothes. 
When  they  are  sold  in  Virginia  the  ordinary  price  is  from  ten  to 
eighteen  pounds.  After  they  have  gained  their  liberty,  they 
work  for  scm.e  years,  until  they  themselves  can  set  up  a  planta- 
tion or  farm,  as  indeed  mxst  of  the  inhabitants  of  that  land  have 
ccme  in  in  such  a  m.anner  and  have  settled  there  in  that  way. 

In  passing,  I  cannot  emit  to  relate  briefly  what  happened  on 
the  22nd  at  night,  at  ten  o'clock,  through  those  sold  into  servi- 
tude. It  should  be  known  that  there  are  people  in  England 
and  especially  in  London,  who  sell  foreigners  and  simple- 
mir.dcd  people  to  go  on  West  India  ships.  About  fifty  of  these 
deceived  and  liberty-loving  people  plotted  together,  supplied 
thcm.selves  secretly  ^^ith  sticks,  to  be  used  in  case  they  would 
meet  opposition  in  their  effort  to  seize  the  sloop  by  force  and  to 

(7)-The  Blackwall  docks,  near  Blackwall  tunnel,  are  at  the  east  end  of 
London. 

(*)-The  original  does  not  read"Armee  Leutcn,"  as  the  printed  edition 
(Year  Book,  p.  67)  gives  it,  but  "armen  Leuten,"  as  Prof,  von  Mulinen 
reads  it.  


.aKI\Ai')Ati. 


nc 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  7 

return  to  the  land.     But  they  had  to  come  up  the  stairway, 
close  to  which  I  and  four  French  famiUcs  had  settled.     We 
looked  in  upon  the  commotion  for  a  while,  not  knowing  of  their 
intention,  until  they  all  made  a  furious  rush  to  seize  the  stair- 
way.    We  thought  their  object  was  to  attack  us,  hence  four 
of  us  seized  swords  and  held  the  passage-way,  until  the  ship's 
owner,  together  with  twelve  sailors,  who  had  heard  the  uproar 
in  their  beds,  came  down  in  their  shirts  with  their  guns  and 
anchor  bars,  saw  the  tumult  and  knocked  down  everybody  who 
resisted  and  did  not  escape.     Many  were  badly  wounded  and 
beaten.     They  took  twenty  of  the  leaders,  whom  they  laid, 
during  the  whole  cold  night,  backvv'ards  across  the  cable  and  the 
anchor-ropes.     The  noise  was  heard  on  shore  and  became  known 
in  London.     The  captain  came  to  hear  what  was  the  nature 
of  the  tumuli.     After  he  had  heard  of  their  plan,  he  ordered 
twelve  of  the  chief  ringleaders  and  also  two  women,  who  had 
incited  the  revolt,  to  be  locked  up  in  irons.     They  had  to  suffer 
for  it  during  the  whole  journey.     The  owner  of  the  ship  and 
also  the  captain  were  very  grateful,  that  so  few  of  us  had  held 
up  the  mob,  and  had  taken  the  part  of  the  ship's  owner,  in  re- 
turn for  whirh  we  were  well  treated.     Especially  at  our  de- 
parture, when  the  King  refused  to  pay  the  passage  money  for 
the  fugitives  from  France  [Huguenots],  as  the  commissioner  in- 
formed us,  wc  had  no  other  thought  than  that  we  would  have 
to  pay,  namicly  six  pounds  sterling.     But  the  rich  owner  asked 
us  to  see  him.     We  had  to  relate  to  him  from  beginning  to  end 
how  it  all  hr.d  happened.     He  told  us  that,  though  there  was 
no  hope  that  we  be  paid  from  the  king's  treasury  as  hitherto, 
yet  in  consideration  of  our  services  and  faithfulness,  he  wished 
us  good  luck  on  our  journey,  but  asked  no  money.     Each  one 
also  had  to  drink  to  his  health. 

After  the  above  date  we  were  fully  ready  for  the  journey  and 
we  weighed  anchor  for  the  fifth  time,  in  vain.  On  the  14th, 
however,  we  had  good  sailing  weather,  hence  we  left  in  the  fore- 
noon and  in  the  evening  reached  Gravesend,  situated  about  21 
miles  from  London.     It  is  provided  with  a  strong  fort (8)^  on 

(8)-"0n  the  Essex  bank,  opposite  Gravesend,  we  observe  the  low 
bastions  of  Tillniry  Fort,  originally  constructed  by  Henry  VIII.  to  defend 
the  mouth  of  the  Thames,  and  since  extended  and  strengthened;"  see 
Baedeker,  London,  p.  392. 


1  'a.'' 


8  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  other  side  of  the  water,  where  ships  stop,  sometimes  be- 
nt u  ]•  cause  of  stormy  weather,  at  other  times  to  get  papers  of  clear- 
ance and  ammunilionO).     The  servants  of  the  ship  are  also 
paid  here,  if  they  have  anything  to  demand. 
\    ,      J  We  lay  there  till  the  2-ith.     As  there  was  good  wind  then,  we 
f  .     ,,             left  in  the  forenoon  and  in  the  evening  reached  the  mouth  of  the 
,i:           Terns  [Thames]  at  Northpoint(lO).     There  we  anchored.     The 

■  t.s";  •  ■  battle  ships  of  the  first  class  pass  the  winter  here.     On  the  fol- 

lowing day,  with  a  weak  wind,  we  advanced  88  miles.     The 

next  day  we  passed  a  dangerous  place  over  the  covered  sand- 

'  ■  .    'i  banks(ll),which  lie  between  Northpoint  and  Dunes  [Downs](l2) 

.     ..  The  path  of  the  ships  is  marked,  as  being  3,  4,  5  to  6  fathoms  of 

:     I  v.ater.     The  dangerous  character  of  the  place  is  shown  by  the 

masts,  which  protrude  out  of  the  water  at  many  places.     These 

lie  not  far  from  Marget  [Margate].     On  the  2Gth,  in  beautiful 

weather,  but  with  weak,  contrary  wind,  we  reached  Dunes 

•    <   (  ■  [Downs],  where  64  large  as  well  as  small  warships  and  mer- 

....  chantmen    of    different    nationalities    were    assembled.     This 

'      ■  .  harbor  is  guarded  by  two  sea  castles,  between  them  lies  an  open 

notable  place  (13), but  the  east  wind  is  very  dangerous  to  the 

ships,  which  stay  there,  as  five  days  before  our  arrival  fifteen 

;   !  I .  small  and  large  ships,  through  the  severe  storm  and  the  breaking 

:.    -i  ;  of  anchor  ropes  or  cables,  were  broken  to  pieces  on  the  chalk 

,  ,  ;  .       cliffs,  and  partly  were  driven  to  and  upon  sandbanks  where 

.../..  m.ost  of  them  suffered  shipwreck. 

'  .  .■      '    ,        1702,  February.     We  stayed  there  to  the  6th  of  February,  on 

•  '     ;■■    '    account  of  the  contrary  north-west  wind.     Two  ships  returned 

cr.   ,    from  the  sea  badly  used  up  through  the  rough  weather.     Inas- 

"^.iii.  ■   :   ;  much  as  the  wind  blew  from  the  east  in  the  evening,  we,  to- 

■  ■     ^  (9)-The  description  of  Baedeker  aj^rees  closely:  "Vessels  on  their  way 
.   ■.  .        ,        up  the  Thames  here  take  pilots  and  customs  house  officer  on  board,  and 

outward  hound  vessels  also  usually  touch  here;"  see  London,  p.  43"f. 
'■•  <'••''   ■■        (lO)-Northpoint  is  identical  with  the  promontory  North  Foreland, 
alaout  half  a  mile  from  Margate.  . 

''      .   '  ■         (ll)-These  sandbanks  are  the  dangerous  quicksands,  called  Goodwin 
'      '  Sands;  sec  Baedeker,  Crea;  5n'/(zjn,  3rd  ed.,  1S91,  p.  2t.  _ 

'  ■■    )    .  •   .         (12)-"The  'Downs,'  between  Goodwin  Sands  and  the  mainland  form 
■  •'      •        an  excellent  harbour  of  refuge  in  stormy  weather;"  see  Baedeker,   Great 
'  "•  ■    "  ■    '    Britain,  p.  25. 
'  ■  (13)-This  notable  place  is  Deal,  with  Deal  Castle  to  the  north  of  the 

town  and  Walmer  Castle  to  the  south  of  it;  see  Baedeker,  Great  Britain, 
p.  25. 


•J..:.••^.   <.^A^ti.:l'^c^ 


■.;•,•»  Jk..;. 


iv.r.i;  lr[>  >.i 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  U 

gether  with  twelve  other  ships,  weighed  anchor,  but  we  could 
not  leave  this  evening  with  the  others,  because  the  captain  de- 
layed too  long  on  shore  and  we  had  to  weigh  two  heavy  anchors. 
At  dawn,  on  the  7th,  we  sailed  by  Douvres  [Dover],  six  miles 
from  Dunes.  Here  the  channel  is  only  21  miles  wide,  so  that 
Calais  in  France  can  well  be  recognized.  The  wind  changed  to 
our  disadvantage,  hence  we  had  to  tack  about,  towards  the 
coast  of  Normandy.  We  saw  some  French  fishermen  together 
with  a  large  ship.  It  soon  signalled  by  a  flag  that  it  was  Eng- 
lish. Finally  wc  were  compelled  to  make  for  Spit  heat  [Spit- 
head]  (14),  which  Hes  opposite  the  Isle  of  Wight.  We  had  great 
difficulty  in  veering  about,  because  the  wind  was  altogether 
contrary.  There  is  a  strong  fort  which  guards  the  harbor(15) 
This  is  one  of  the  best  and  securest  sea  ports  of  England.  A 
large  number  of  warships  were  there,  most  of  them  ready  to 
sail.  They  were  filled  with  men  pressed  into  service.  We 
stayed  there  during  the  night.  The  next  morning  we  sailed 
about  six  miles,  in  storaiy  weather,  and  cast  anchor  before  Cow 
[Cowes],  a  beautiful  place  in  the  island(16).  There  were  56 
merchantmen  there,  waiting  for  east  wind,  which  had  not  blown 
for  ten  weeks,  the  northerly  and  westerly  wind  is  especially 
common.  There  was  among  others  a  large  Dutch  ship  there, 
destined  for  the  East  Indies,  which  had  waited  six  weeks  for 
favorable  wind.  The  ship's  company  was  large  and  sickness 
was  among  them,  so  that  more  than  forty  persons  had  died 
since  they  were  lying  there.  ,   ,     ■ 

We  had  to  wait  again  for  wind  till  the  18th.  In  the  mean- 
time the  empty  water  barrels  were  filled  in  the  beautiful  and 
fruitful  Isle  of  Wight.  It  extends  thirty  miles  in  length  and 
six  miles  in  width(17).  Oysters  are  taken  there  in  large  quan- 
tities. It  looked  as  if  the  wind  would  not  change  soon,  hence 
the  captain  sent  for  his  wife  from  London.     It  is  only  forty 

(14)-The  roadstead  of  Spithead  is  between  Portsmouth  and  the  Isle  of 

WiRht.  ,     . 

(l.j)-B]ockhouse  Fort,  opposite  Point  Battery  in  Portsmouth,  is  prob- 
ably meant;  sec  Baedeker,  Great  Britain,  map  facing  p.  55. 

(iG)-West  Cowes  has  the  best  harbor  in  the  Isle  of  W  ight,  see  Baedeker, 
I.e.,  p.  74. 

(17)-Baedekcr's  Great  Britain,  p.  67,  gives  the  extent  of  the  island  as 
22  miles  in  length  and  13  miles  in  width. 


10  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

miles  by  land(18).     She  reached  the  ship  Saturday  evening. 
Bui  in  the  morning  of  the  18th,  at  dawn,  it  began  to  blow  from 
the  east.     At  noon  it  was  very  good  sailing  weather,  so  that  all 
preparations  for  sailing  were  made.     The  captain's  wife  took 
leave  and  was  taken  back  on  a  sloop  with  two  pieces  of  cannon. 
At  the  same  time  our  pilot,  Mr.  Bonnus,  went  on  land,  because 
of  his  health,  in  his  place  Mr.  Buller  cam.e.     At  two  o'clock  all 
the  ships  were  under  sail.     They  were  saluted  by  the  fort  lo- 
cated there,  with  many  shots  of  cannon,  to  which  the  ships  gave 
many  replies  and  thus  they  took  leave.     They  sailed  together 
between  the  island  and  the  mainland,  passed  the  last  fort(19), 
which  lies  on  the  land  near  the  place  of  exit,  and  then  they 
passed  into  the  sea.     Each  ship  showed  by  its  flag  its  nation- 
ality, namely  English,  Dutch,  Swedish,  Danish  and  those  from 
Hamburg.     Most  of  them  took  their  course  southv.-ard.     Our 
ship  alone  turned  westward.     The  condition  of  our  ship  was  as 
follows:  We  had  only  18  pieces  of  cannon  that  could  be  used, 
besides  the  captain,  officers,  sailors,  passengers  and  merchants, 
together  with  130  persons  that  had  been  sold,  in  all  218  souls. 
We  were  also  sufficiently  supplied  with  all  kinds  of  provisions. 
Food  was  henceforth  distributed  in  the  following  manner :  Five 
passengers  had  to  club  together.     They  received  daily  four 
pounds  of  biscuit,  one  quart  of  beer,  two  quarts  of  water,  two 
pieces  of  beaf  and  pork,  weighing  six  pounds,  in  addition  every 
noon,  which  was  mealtime  and  announced  by  the  ringing  of 
bells,  a  dish  full  of  large  peas.     On  Sundays  and  Wednesdays 
we  received  in  place  of  the  meat  two  pounds  of  flour  and  half 
a  pound  of  pork  lard,  out  of  which  a  thick  paste  is  made,  which 
is  put  into  a  linen  sack.     It  is  cooked  with  the  meat,  but  not  as 
long  as  the  latter.     Grape  juice  is  often  put  into  it,  which  is  a 
good  dish,  called  boudin  [pudding].     It  happens  often  that  in- 
stead of  meat  fresh  and  large  beans  with  butter  are  given  out. 
The  food  is  often,  on  account  of  the  heat  and  because  it  is  not 
salted  sufficiently,  like  the  water,  of  such  bad  taste  that  we 
suffered  considerably,  especially  because  the  large  number  of 

(18)-The  exact  distance  from  London  to  Portsmouth  is  44  miles;  see 
Baedeker,  Crcal  Britain,  p.  55. 

(19)-Probably  Hearst  Castle  is  meant,  one  of  the  cost  defences  ot 
Henry  VIII;  see  Baedeker,  Creal  Britain,  p.  95. 


.StVfi; 


yrjivj 


lirH  \y.u:  ) 


£  ;•:  (1-)'.: 


'I  J;  J 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.       '"'^-        11 

inice  spoiled  our  bread  altogether.  The  captain  and  those 
that  cat  at  his  table  arc  always  supplied  with  fresh  meat,  nor  do 
they  use  wine  and  strono;  beer  sparingly.  It  costs  ten  pounds 
for  the  journey  outwards  and  six  pounds  for  the  return  trip  to 
eat  at  his  table,  besides  the  transportation  fare. 

This  night  the  ship  began  to  rock.  In  the  morning  we  saw 
no  land,  but  two  ships  came  in  sight.  As  the  wind  increased 
the  ship  rocked  more  than  before,  so  that  almost  all  were  seized 
with  sea  sickness.  With  many  others  I  was  unable  to  cat  any- 
thing within  four  days.  Even  if  one  did  eat  something,  it  did 
not  stay,  but  the  stomach  had  to  surrender  it  again,  which  was 
a  great  hardship  to  the  people.  Usually  one  cannot  eat  for 
some  time  even  that  food,  which  one  could  cat  before  the  sick- 
ness. The  meat  was  lying  about  in  large  quantities,  because 
the  rations  were  cooked  as  usual,  although  during  the  first  days 
hardly  anylody  ate  anything. 

The  cast  wind  continued  constantly,  so  that  we  needed  from 
twelve  to  sixteen  sails.  On  the  21st,  we  passed  Sorlingen(20) 
[Scilly  islands],  the  extreme  end  of  England,  a  dangerous  cliff. 
A  French  woman  died  to-day.  She  was  a  lively,  sensible  and 
thoughtful  woman,  who  left  a  husband  together  with  two  little 
bo'j's.  Three  hours  after  her  death  a  sack  full  of  stones  was 
attached  to  her  and  thus  she  was  consigned  to  the  deep. 

1702,  March.  The  above  mentioned  wind  continued  blowing 
strong  to  the  8th  of  March.  We  sailed  every  twenty  four  hours 
between  sixty  and  eighty  m.iles.  While  doing  it  we  were 
troubled  considerably  by  the  violent  motion  of  the  ship.  During 
this  time  nothing  remarkable  occurred.  On  the  8th,  at  noon, 
as  on  every  day  when  the  sun  shines,  the  captain  took  the  lati- 
tude. He  found  that  we  were  on  the  45th  degree,  about  650 
hours  or  1950  m.iles  from  London.  Day  and  night  there  was  at 
this  point  a  difference  of  two  and  a  half  hours  in  time.  The 
more  one  turns  west,  the  longer  the  day  becomes,  compared 
w  ith  our  country  or  Europe.  The  acute  fever  prevailed  among 
us  very  much,  so  that  about  forty  men  and  women  were  sick, 
and  every  \^'eek  one  or  two  were  taken  off.     They  were  all 

(20)-Sorlinpues  is  the  French  name  of  Scilly  Islands,  forty  miles  from 
Land's  End,  the  extreme  south-west  corner  of  England. 


..  ■) 


jinhuG 


12  H  K».  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

cL\  I  thrown  into  the  ocean  as  mentioned  above.     Hitherto  I  have 

kept  well,  except  getting  sea-sick,  but  on  the  11th  I  fell  asleep 

-  :  t  on  the  stern  of  the  ship,  lying  in  the  sun.     The  climate  of  this 

region  is  said  to  be  warm  throughout  the  whole  year.     During 

;■  :  ;•,         this  time  there  died  among  others  an  English  lady,  of  high 

I  I  family  and  great  wealth.     As  she  had  been  guilty  of  some  in- 

;  ,  discretion,  her  family  was  sending  her  to  Virginia.     The  captain 

•...:..  had  a  coffin  made  for  her,  in  which  were  placed  stones  and 

■■    l  through  which  holes  were  bored,  so  that  it  might  sink  more 

readily. 

From  the  date  mentioned  last  till  Easter  we  advanced  fairly 
well.     Inasmuch  as  a  long  journey  was  anticipated,  the  daily 

rations  were  diminished,  especially  did  we  suffer  for  lack  of 

:.,   .  •  i  water.     On  Easterday  a  driving  storm  blew  from  north-east, 

1 .,  ;  mixed  with  rain  and  showers      We  could  not  cook  to  day,  be- 

\'  ■   •  cause  the  ship  was  repeatedly  thrown  from  one  side  to  the  other. 

I,     I  At  noon  the  storm  increased,  so  that  not  more  than  half  a  sail 

; .'.:  could  be  hoisted.     A  large  rope,  which  was  meant  to  steady  the 

J,:,!  ',:  mast,  was  torn. 

•  :  1702,  April.     We  had  again  beautiful  sailing  weather,  with 

wind  from  the  north-cast.     The  captain,  with  the  owner  of  the 

..  .i  .  ship,  took  the  latitude.     They  found  that  we  had  passed  the 

31st  degree.     We  saw,  upon  our  left,  about  an  hour's  distance 

i  :j  ■•  [three  miles]  from  us  a  waterspout(21),  which  are  usually  seen 

at  certain  places,  when  good  sailing  weather  is  coming,  but  they 

I  \(  are  terrible  and  dangerous  to  the  ships,  if  one  cannot  escape  from 

them,  or  break  them  up  through  cannon  balls,  which  are  shot  off 

at  them.     They  appear  like  a  cloud  on  the  water  and  in  the  air. 

From  the  lower  cloud  rises  a  stream  of  water  like  a  serpent  into 

the  upper  cloud.     Experience  shows  that  when  a  ship  comes 

near  and  breaks  up  the  waterspout,  a  mass  of  water  falls  down, 

which,  if  it  does  not  sink  the  ship,  damages  it  seriously. 

On  the  2nd  we  had  beautiful  warm  weather.     We  saw  a  ship 
in  the  morning  behind  us,  well  provided  with  sails.     It  was  ap- 
proaching us.     We  made  ready  for  a  fight,  if  it  had  to  be.     To- 
■    :■:      wards  evening  we  were  still  close  together.     We  thought  it  was 

(21)-This  waterspout  must  have  impressed  Michel  very  much,  for  he 
made  a  sketch  of  it,  which  forms  part  of  the  Ms. 


.!■(  : .  i,i 


-oT 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  13 

surely  a  pirate.  Finally  the  captain  hoisted  the  English  flag. 
It  was  answered  by  the  same,  which  pleased  us  very  much.  We 
did  not  feel  much  desire  to  fig;ht.  Finally  we  came  together 
so  closely  that  the  captains  could  talk  to  each  other  through 
the  speaking  trumpet  and  could  drink  to  each  other's  health. 
The  ship  was  from  Bristol  and  like  ourselves  on  the  journey  to 
Virginia.  As  this  was  the  first  company  we  had,  the  captains 
would  have  liked  to  come  together  to  celebrate,  but  the  high  sea 
did  not  permit  it.  Upon  our  inquiry  how  far  we  were  from  land, 
he  answered,  250  miles.  According  to  our  count  it  was  300 
miles.  In  order  to  find  out  how  far  a  ship  has  sailed  or  gotten 
away  from  land,  on  the  one  hand,  the  degrees  of  latitude  are 
taken,  on  the  other  hand  the  English  have  the  custom  to  take 
soundings  every  two  hours,  day  and  night,  without  interrup- 
tion, by  m.eans  of  a  line,  to  which  a  little  board  in  triangle  shape 
is  attached.  On  the  one  side,  namely  below,  it  is  covered  with 
lead.  It  [the  triangular  board]  is  attached  with  a  cord  at  two 
places.  It  remains  perpendicular  and  almost  immovable  in  one 
place  in  the  water.  When  the  ship  goes  fast,  much  cord  on  the 
ship  is  unrolled  from  a  capstan.  A  sandglass  of  half  a  minute 
is  used  at  the  same  time  and  when  the  little  board  in  the  water 
is  ready,  the  glass  is  turned  around,  and  the  cord  is  let  go.  When 
the  glass  is  empty,  the  cord  is  held,  which  is  marked,  and  it  can 
be  seen  easily  how  many  fathoms  the  ship  made  in  half  a  minute. 
Then  they  figure  out  how  many  miles  the  ship  makes  in  two 
hours,  which  is  recorded  in  the  [log]  book. 

A  large  number  of  fish  were  encountered.  From  that  time 
I  had  more  and  more  heat  in  my  head,  until  I  lost  consciousness 
on  the  16th.  The  physician,  a  Saxon,  who  cared  more  for 
eating  and  drinking  than  for  his  calling,  gave  me  various 
remedies,  so  that  after  a  lapse  of  eight  days  I  improved. 
What  was  most  troublesome  was  the  fact  that  I  could  not  cat 
the  ship's  food,  but  we  did  not  have  any  other.  About  this 
time  the  favorable  wind  began  to  fail.  The  captain  stated 
that  he  had  traveled  westward  nine  times,  but  had  never  seen 
this  wind  last  so  long,  nor  had  traveled  westward  so  far  in  so 
little  time.  It  should  be  known  that  on  the  journey  across 
north  and  west  winds  generally  prevail. 


8C 


nu  m  «'ii! 


tuon. 


14   !        .^;-r'.'  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

I  After  the  calm  had  lasted  two  days  and  we  had  traveled  in 

that  time  hardly  thirty  miles,  the  wind  began  to  blow  from  the 
. .       north,  which  was  not  favorable  for  us.     On  the  19th,  at  day- 
break, we  discovered  a  ship  on  our  right,  about  twelve  miles  from 
)      VIS.     As  the  wind  carried  us  towards  it,  it  made  every  effort  to 
'  approach.     In  this  latitude  pirates  are  commonly  found.     We 

, ;. :  saw  that  it  approached  u?  and  was  sailing  better  than  we,  hence 

't..    . . :    we  prepared  our  defence.     The  masts  were  fastened  with  chains, 
•    ..     the  cannons  and  firearms  were  loaded,  the  broad  swords  and 
,  -.    V     short  pikes  were  laid  out.     All  the  men  were  assembled,  the 
women  were  locked  in  the  hold.     The  sailors  had  to  fix  their 
beds  and  hammocks  on  the  quarter  deck  as  a  breastwork,  so  that 
we  might  be  safe  against  the  small  arms.     Forty  bottles  of 
whiskey  were  ready  to  fill  the  people  with  courage.     Meanwhile 
we  approached  closer.     We  saw  through  the  fieldglasses  that  it 
was  not  as  large  as  ours,  but  we  could  not  discover  the  nation- 
r    ,.       ality  or  whether  it  was  a  pirate.     Finally  evening  came  and, 
because  of  the  darkness,  we  saw  it  no  more.    But  we  kept  a  good 
•u     lookout  and  changed  our  course,  so  that  in  the  morning  we  had 
lost  sight  of  each  other.     In  clear  weather  one  can  see  from 
;        seven  to  ten  hours  [21-30  miles].     The  wind  was  eight  days 
north  north-west  and  often  even  west.     We  had  to  change  our 
course  not  only,  but  were  even  driven  back  about  one  hundred 
'  ,'''•     miles.     During  this  time  we  suffered  very  much  through  the 
roughness  of  the  sea,  so  that  we  could  not  lie  down  at  night, 
It*.'!      much  less  could  we  rest.     If  we  did  not  hold  fast  somewhere 
.       we  were  thrown  from  one  side  to  the  other.     With  great  trouble 
:.''%,      and  cost  I  had  a  pitcher  of  ptisan(22)  cooked  for  me,  which  one 
i.i.rr,      night  was  hurled  down  from  its  place,  because  the  ship  was 
-  !.  :i '      thrown  on  one  side,  and  all  was  lost.     We  saw  at  different  times 
large  and  small  fish.     Once  at  evening  during  a  violent  rain- 
.     .         storm,  we  saw  a  part  of  a  broken  ship,  drifting  close  to  us,  in- 
deed so  near  that  it  was  difficult  to  turn  away  from  it.     The 
...  ..      wind  turned  to  south  and  often  north-east,  so  that  we  had  to  go 
'r  <;i'     with  a  quarter  sail  and  even  less,  yet  we  made  day  after  day  28 

0!  (22)-Theformof  the  word  used  by  Michel  is  "phtisana."     It  is  a  Greek 

i  '      word,  plisanc,  peeled  barley,  then  also  barley  water.     Webster  defines 
■'  "    ■       ptisan  as  "barley  water  with  other  ingredients."     In  Latin  the  form  is 
ptiiana,  in  French  tisane,  in  English  ptimn,  pronounced  tizan. 


.aM;s 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL,  y^.   ,(/.     15 

to  36  hours.  On  the  22nd  two  large  ships  hove  in  sight,  east  of 
us.  It  was  stormy  weather  and  dark,  so  that  we  were  soon 
unable  to  see  them.  On  the  3rd  of  May  it  was  beautiful 
weather  for  sailing.  The  captain  of  a  ship  which  had  sailed 
with  us  since  yesterday  came  on  board  during  the  calm  of  to- 
day. He  was  well  received  by  our  people  and  entertained  till 
evening. 

1702,  May.  On  the  4th,  the  wind  came  from  the  south-east, 
which  expedited  our  journey.  We  saw  again  two  ships.  The 
one  seemed  to  be  a  warship.  But  we  made  no  efforts  for  our 
defense  as  before,  because  we  did  not  regard  ourselves  capable 
of  making  a  resistance,  if  they  should  attack.  It  also  looked 
like  an  English  ship,  but  it  could  not  approach  us  to-day.  On 
the  morning  of  the  next  day  it  was  an  hour  [three  miles]  away 
from  us.  It  made  straight  for  us.  We  were  rather  afraid.  But 
we  soon  saw  by  the  flag  that  it  had  an  English  emblem  and 
color,  red  with  a  white  cross  in  a  white  field,  at  the  upper  corner 
near  the  pole.  As  it  was  good  sailing  w^eather,  the  captains 
came  to  our  ship,  where  they  were  hospitably  entertained.  The 
large  ship,  wliich  we  had  taken  for  a  warship,  was  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  merchantmen,  named  "Indian  King"  or  "Wild 
King,"  because  it  had  been  built  in  Virginia.  Three  years  ago 
it  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  pirates  not  far  from  land,  but  was 
rescued  after  a  hard  battle  by  the  governor(23).  Sixty  pirates 
were  taken  prisoners,  of  all  kinds  of  nations,  nearly  all  of  whom 
were  later  hung  in  England.  The  joint  reckoning  of  all  the 
captains  agreed  that  we  were  not  more  than  fifty  miles  from 
land,  because  we  had  seen  signs  of  land  for  four  days,  plants  of 
roses  from  the  Bahamas,  as  also  all  kinds  of  land  birds.  The 
water  had  already  changed  its  former  blue  color  into  green. 
To-day  we  saw  a  large  fish  [whale],  which  could  swim  very  fast 
and  from  time  to  time  threw  up  much  water  archlike.  The 
"Wild  King"  sailed  to-day  close  to  us,  as  also  the  other  ships, 
because,  as  stated  above,  their  captains  were  with  us.  The 
crew  of  the  above  mentioned  ship  had  a  large  fishing-hook,  to 

(23')-Robert  Peverlcy  in  his  History  and  l^resent  State  of  Virgiiiia,  Lou- 
den, ITn.'i,  Poole  I,  {).  1021"  ,  shows  at  lengtli  that  it  wasnot  Governor  Nich- 
olson who  dcicrved  credit  for  the  capture  of  the  pirates,  but  Captain 
Passenger,  Commander  of  the  Shoram,  a  fifth  rate  man  of  war. 


16      ■•  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

which  four  pounds  of  meat  were  attached  by  a  rope.  In  the 
evening  a  hundred  pound  fish  was  hanging  to  it,  which  caused 
great  joy  and  rejoicing.  Our  cook,  an  Indian  by  birth,  was  sent 
by  the  captain  to  that  ship  to  get  a  piece  [of  the  fish].  It  was  at 
once  prepared  and  distributed,  but  it  was  not  good. 

On  the  6th  we  had  still  beautiful  weather.  We  saw  various 
signs  of  land.  We  made  a  sounding  for  200  fathoms,  but  con- 
trary to  expectation,  did  not  strike  bottom.  To  the  rope  an 
oblong  piece  of  lead  is  attached,  to  the  bottom  of  which  a  piece 
of  tallow  is  pasted.  If  it  strikes  stony  soil,  the  tallow  frequently 
stays  down.  By  the  soil  that  adheres  those  who  are  expert  in  it 
can  tell  how  far  the  land  is  and  what  region  it  is.  On  the  7th 
another  sounding  was  taken,  but,  to  our  surprise,  we  were  again 
unable  to  find  bottom.  The  reckoning  is  perhaps  sixty  miles 
wrong.  At  night  bottom  was  struck  to  our  great  joy  at  118 
fathoms.  The  lead  and  the  tallow  were  cut  off  and,  according 
to  custom,  were  fastened  to  the  small  mast,  the  number  of  the 
fathoms  being  added  with  chalk.  White  sand  and  small 
oyster  shells  had  adhered  to  the  tallow.  On  the  following  day 
bottom  was  found  at  90,  78  and  52  fathoms  and,  as  we  did  not 
dare  to  sail  at  night,  for  fear  of  running  upon  the  large  sand- 
banks, which  lie  before  the  bay,  we  anchored.  At  break  of  day 
we  heard  from  the  mast  the  pleasant  call:  Land,  land!  Every 
one  appeared  happy  and  thanked  God.  It  is  customary  to  give 
a  bottle  of  whiskey  to  the  one  who  first  sees  the  land. 

The  coast  appears  at  first  like  a  forest  standing  in  water. 
When  we  drew  nearer,  we  could  recognize  out  of  the  different 
green  colors  the  various  kinds  of  trees,  growing  together.  At 
noon  we  sailed  between  Accomac  and  Quiqucdam  into  the 
[Chesapeake]  Bay,  with  four  and  five  fathoms  of  water.  Four- 
teen miles  further  up  we  ran  into  the  York  river  and  on  the  same 
night  we  reached  Yorktown,  where  six  ships  were  lying  at 
anchor.  We  were  greeted  with  many  salutes,  to  which  wc 
replied. 

What  has  become  known  to  me  of  this  country  and  what  I 
have  learned  from  my  own  experience  and  have  heard  from  the 
inhabitants.  I  shall  now  relate  briefly: 

It  is  well  known  that  this  fourth  part  [continent]  of  the  world 


■!j:i.':     v:i.;u! 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  17 

was  first  discovered  in  the  15th  century,  about  1492,  hy  Jean 
[Christopher]  Colombo,  an  Italian  of  Genoa.  The  first  island 
which  he  saw  towards  the  south  he  called  Hispaniola.  From 
there  they  sailed  to  the  kingdoms  of  Peru  and  Mexico,  so  rich 
in  gold  and  silver.  Whole  books  have  been  written  regarding 
the  things  that  happened  on  their  further  journeys  and  the  in- 
hum.an  cruelty  which  they  showed  towards  the  poor  natives. 

After  he  had  found  such  a  great  kingdom  and  fruitful  coun- 
try and  it  had  become  generally  known,  other  nations  sailed 
forth  to  become  acquainted  with  that  country  and,  if  possil^lc, 
gain  a  foothold  there.  The  first  colony  was  planted  in  the 
north,  called  New  York (24),  which  is  now  the  principal  pro- 
vince of  the  British  empire.  The  capital  in  the  west  is  called 
Boston.  It  is  governed  like  other  lands  and  islands  mled  by  the 
king  of  England,  without  participation  of  Parliament.  For 
these  lands  are  hereditary  possessions  of  the  English  kings,  who 
caused  them  to  be  discovered  and  colonized  by  their  own  means. 
They  also  protect  them  and,  in  the  beginning,  waged  fierce  wars 
with  the  ancient  inhabitants  or  savages. 

Pennsylvania  or  New  Netherland(25),  adjoining  New  York, 
was  first  settled  by  the  Hollanders,  as  even  today  a  large  number 
of  them  dwell  there.  In  the  treaty  made  in  1GG5  this  country 
was  surrendered  to  England  by  way  of  exchange  for  the  island 
of  Courshaw  [Curacao]  and  Surinam,  small  but  advantageously 
located  places  for  commerce,  which  is  carried  on  with  the 
Spaniards.  It  [Surinam]  lies  not  far  from  the  Spanish  islands 
of  the  Amazon  River. 

The  capital  is  called  Philadelphia.     According  to  the  state- 

ments  of  those  who  have  visited  it.  it  is  described  as  a  large, 

(24)-Miche!  evidently  never  heard  of  tho  .\cw  Enjibn]  colonics  and 
thcu^ht  Poster,  was  in  Xe>.v  York.  There  arc  a  number  o''  other  miutakcs 
in  the  tollowir.'.^  paragraphs,  introdurtory  to  his  description  of  Virginia, 
but  it  is  not  necessary  to  point  out  all  of  them  in  detail. 

(25)-What  Michel  writes  here  about  Pennsylvania  applies  to  New'York. 
It  is  an  intcicstinp,  point,  generally  overlookci!.  that' the  exchange  men- 
tioned by  him  took  place.  The  article  "Guiana"  in  the  Emycl.  Brit., 
11th  cJ.,  Vol.  XII,  p.  67G.  states:  "Tliis  colonv  |  Surinam  i  was  however 
formally  ceded  to  the  Netherlands  in  1007  hv  tho  i)cace  of  Breda.  Great 
Britain  takinfr  New  York.  According  to  tlicrf/wirif^'f  Modern  Hislory, 
Vo\.  V,  p  1121  it  was  agreed  by  the  treaty  of  Breda  that  both  England 
and  Holland  should  keep  their  conquests. 


TI 


lO'-i       ir 


T.il    J 


18  ,,    ,,,,  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ricli,  commercial  city,  as  also  the  country  itself  is  said  to  be  one 
of  ihe  most  fruitful  countiiss  which  the  English  hold  there  in 
their  possession.  It  is  especially  rich  in  grain.  Charles  II, 
for  services  rendered  gave  this  province,  together  with  the  gov- 
ernment and  full  religious  liberty,  to  the  Baptists(26),  who  live 
there  in  large  numbers.  But  the  government  was  taken  from 
William  Penn,  the  last  governor,  because  he  harbored  sea- 
robbers  or  pirates.     Many  towns  and  villages  are  found  in  it. 

Then  follows  Maryland,  adjoining  the  last  mentioned  coun- 
try. It  took  its  name  from  Queen  Mary,  becaiise  it  was  dis- 
co^'ercd  and  first  settled  in  her  reign.  It  is  rich  in  tobacco, 
which,  however,  cannot  be  compared  to  that  of  Virginia,  nor 
is  it  sold  as  dearly.  It  is  mostly  exported  to  Holland.  It  is  the 
snallcst  province. 

Then  follows  Virginia.  As  I  have  lived  there,  it  is  my  purpose 
to  describe  its  characteristics  m.ore  at  length. 

Carolina  borders  on  it  in  the  south.  It  was  discovered  and 
settled  under  a  king  Charles.  An  extensive  wilderness  lies 
between  Virginia  and  this  country  [Carolina],  so  that  thus  far 
people  have  not  been  in  the  habit  of  traveling  by  land  [from 
one  to  the  other]. 

Finally  follows  Florida,  of  which  I  do  not  know  much  to 
report,  except  that  it  borders  on  the  Spanish  and  French  pos- 
sessions. Although  unknown  to  me,  this  country  comprises 
an  incredibly  large  area,  whose  inhabitants  are  very  numerous 
and  increase  every  year.  All  these  are  part  of  the  American 
continent.  In  the  east  they  are  bounded  by  the  ocean,  in  the 
north  by  Canada,  which  is  inhabited  by  the  French,  but  be- 
cause of  the  great  coldness  very  inconvenient,  in  the  west  by  the 
unknown  wilderness  and  in  the  south  by  the  Spanish  country. 

The  m.any  streams  and  large  rivers,  together  with  the  innum- 
erable smaller  ones,  which  branch  out  into  the  country  from  the 
larger  on  all  sides,  and  their  abundance  of  fish  are  indescribable. 

Regarding  the  islands,  which  like  the  above  mentioned  coun- 
tries are  in  English  possession,  it  may  be  said  that  there  is  first 
of  all  Barbados,  very  rich  in  sugar,  of  which  mostly  rum  isdis- 

{26)-Quakers  shculd  be  substituted  for  Baptists.  The  story  about 
Penn  harboring  pirates  is  of  course  fictitious. 


9d 


atoh'.'/iiA  SilJ   U>  )"r:.'j  •  ic  o^oiit  tlA     .ifi'.>v 


111  v.-: 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.    '  '    "  ''         19 

tilled,  which  is  a  kind  of  whiskey,  the  gallon  or  four  quarter 
ban-el  is  sold  at  the  place  for  three  shillings.  Many  ships  stop 
there  every  year  and  a  considerable  commerce  is  carried  on  with 
that  island.     It  lies  about  100  miles  from  the  main  land. 

Jamaica  is  another  island,  situated  not  far  from  the  first(27), 
also  rich  in  sugar.  Many  negroes  are  brought  from  this  island 
and  sold  in  Virginia.  Besides  all  kinds  of  fruits  arc  raised  there 
and  also  much  cattle. 

St.  Christopher  was  only  half  inhabited  by  the  English.  But 
when  they  heard  of  the  war  this  year,  they  took  up  arms  and 
drove  out  the  French,  who  occupied  the  best  part.  They  were 
compelled  to  go  to  St.  Dominique.  It  is  very  warm  in  that 
island,  but  it  is  rich  in  money,  which  the  privateers  took  from 
the  Spaniards.  A  terrible  wi-nd  is  said  to  come  there  every 
year,  called  hurricane,  which  causes  great  damage  on  land  and 
sea  when  its  period  arrives,  which  is  November.  Then  the 
water  appears  of  a  whitish  color  and  rises  higher  than  usual. 
Indeed  it  often  passes  beyond  its  barriers  and  does  damage. 
When  the  ships  see  such  signs,  they  seek  the  best  possible  safety. 

As  stated  above  we  arrived  here  on  April  8th  [read  May  8th]. 
I  shall  now  state  briefly  what  has  become  known  to  me. 

Virginia  (*)  lies  on  the  37th  degree  of  latitude,  westward  or  to- 
wards the  setting  sun.  The  differencp  in  time  between  London 
and  here  is  six  hours,  namely  when  it  is  noon  in  England,  it  is 
six  o'clock  in  the  morning  in  this  country. 

The  extent  of  the  country  is  as  follows:  The  width  from 
Maryland  to  Carolina,  together  with  the  wilderness  between 
the  two  countries,  amounts  to  500  milcs(28),  the  length  extends 
into  the  wilderness,  which  is  not  known  to  any  one  and  the  end 
is  impossible- to  find. 

(27)-The  geographical  knowledge  of  Michel  is  somewhat  defective. 

(2S)-This  extent  is  of  course  much  too  large.  It  may  be,  however, 
that  Michel  uses  "Virginia"  herein  a  wider  and  more  original  sense.  Bev- 
erly in  his  History,  Book  II,  p.  2  says:  "The  least  extent  of  Bounds  in 
any  of  the  Grants  made  to  Virginia,  since  it  was  settled,  and  which  wa 
find  uoon  Record  there  is  Two  Hundred  Miles  North  from  Point  Comfort, 
and  Two  Hundred  Miles  South." 

(*)-In  editing  the  latter  part  of  Michel's  report,  the  translator  had 
the  able  assistance  of  the  editor  of  the  Magazine  Mr.  Stanard,  who 
very  kindly  furnished  notes  30,  33,  3G,  37,  40,  42  and  49. 


♦>! 


.■^ffl  OJ  »//Onii  5iYlO0;Xl  fJF.Xl  WOff  il)  )'  ^ 


20  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

; 'Oil it.  Among  the  navigable  and  principal  waters  the  bay,  which 

^xr^VL.  runs  between  Accomac  and  Quiquedam  for  more  than  400 

,,:.  :    '-  n-iiles(29),  must  be  mentioned  first.     It  ends  or  rather  begins 

;,  in  Pennsylvania.     The  entrance  or  mouth  is  25  miles  wide,  full 

•.   .  of  dangerous  sandbanks,  as  shown  by  the  fact  that  recently  a 

^  ■  .-. :    royal  ship  suffered  shipwreck  on  one  of  the  banks,  where  a  part 

\  -.i.^  -.  s   i    of  the  ship  can  still  be  seen.     Ebb  and  tide  control  this  water 
'":  >   ■.»..^  like  the  ocean.     Into  this  bay  empty  m:any  large  and  small 
•i.v./    (I,   ■    rivers.     I  shall  m.ention  only  the  four  principal  rivers,  which 
',;.    ,,,,.    1.   pass  through  Virginia  and  are  navigable  for  large  ships  for  80 
•      i  :  .'         to  100  miles  up  stream.     They  have  3,  4  to  6  fathoms  of  water. 
•  ■,  ■     :        From  these  four  m.ain  rivers  branch  off  an  innum.erable  number 
■.    of  tributaries  or  smiall  rivers,  which  are  very  convenient  for  the 
'     people,  who  seek  to  live  near  them,  because  of  their  convenience. 
The  first  is  called  Jam.es  or  Jacob's  river,  whose  mouth  not  far 
from  the  ocean  or  Quiquedam (30),  is  a  very  broad  and  wide- 
■    -    ,  spread  river.     According  to  the  testimony  of  the  Indians  its 

■  '      end  or  rather  its  beginning  has  never  been  found.     This  river 

abounds  in  fish  till  Falensgrig  [Falling  Creek],  80  miles  up  inland. 
That  far  reaches  the  ebb  and  tide  of  the  ocean.     It  cannot  get 
,    M  •    farther,  because  the  river  falls  there  over  high  rocks,  which 

:  causes  miuch  noise  that  can  be  heard  far  away.     The  salt  water 

also  reaches  as  far  as  the  falls,  above  them  it  is  a  smoothly  flow- 
ing, sweet  water  river,  about  half  a  miile  wide.     Twenty  five 
miiles  farther  up  this  river  is  a  French  colony,  of  which  more 
will  be  reported  later  on. 
•     ,  t  The  second  is  called  York  river.     It  empties  sixteen  miles 

from  the  first  into  the  bay.     They  are  equally  wide.     It  has 
...■':     .its  full  width  till  fifty  miles  farther  up,  where  it  bran?h25  at  West 

•         (29)-It  is  only  200  miles. 

(30)-Quiquedam  is  evidently  intended  for  Kcckotan  or  Kickotan,  the 

'  Indian  name  of  the  present  town  of  HamtJton,  \'a.,  on  KamiJton  Roads. 

,      ..  There  was  an  Indian  villat'o  here  at  the  time  of  the  first  settlement;  but 

within  a  few  vears  the  tribe  was  exterminated  by  the  Powhatans.     At 

tlictimcof  Michel's  visit  Ham.ptnn  (or  Kickotan)  was  a  prosperous  village 

with  a  church  and  at  least  one  inn.  the  Rose  and  Crown. 

'■  Fallini:;  Creek  ilow>- into  James  River  on  the  south  side  6   miles  below 

.  Richmond.     Here,  in  1620,  the  first  iron  furnace  in  .America  was  estab- 

*"  lished.     It  was  destroyed  and  the  workm.en  killed  by  the  Indians  in  the 

-  ''  *  Massacre  of  1022.       Lumps  of  ore  (some  with  par11\-  melted  charcoal  in 

l\'-''   ■'-  -        them)  are  still  found  at  the  site  of  the  furnace.     Bcp,  ore,  found  in  shallow 

' '  '•:■  pockets  along  the  creek,  was  used. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  21 

Point.  The  large  ships,  as  well  as  ebb  and  tide,  come  up  to  this 
point.  Farther  up  the  water  is  sweet.  As  stated,  half  of  the 
river  branches  off  northwestward,  for  about  thirty  miles,  called 
Mattabaney  river.  The  other  branch  runs  sDJthwest  a  great 
way  into  the  wilderness.  It  is  called  PomDuquay  river.  It 
runs  quietly,  like  the  other,  with  sweet  water.  It  is  two  to  three 
fathoms  deep  and  half  a  mile  wide. 

The  third  is  the  Rabahanock  river.  It  runs  into  the  bay 
thirty  miles  from  the  last.  It  has  the  same  width,  as  well  as 
ebb  and  t-ide,  like  the  other  two.  It  extends  into  the  wilderness 
through  Straifort  County.  It  is  also  plied  by  ships  for  sixty 
miles  up  into  the  country.  With  sloops  or  other  boats  one  can 
go  up  still  farther. 

Th.c  fourth  and  last  is  the  Pattom'ae  River,  the  broadest  of  all, 
about  eighteen  miles  wide  at  some  places.  It  runs  far  up  into 
the  country,  v/ith  ebb  and  tide  like  the  others.  It  is  much 
vi.sitcd  by  merchantmen  and  divides  Virginia  and  Maryland. 
These  four  rivers  come  partly  from  the  bay,  but  partly  and  even 
mostly  from  the  interior  or  the  wilderness.  When  they  meet, 
that  part  v/hieh  comes  from  the  interior  is  sweet  and  runs  con- 
stanily,  but  the  part  that  comes  from  the  bay  flows  up  and  down, 
like  the  ocean,  and  is  salty. 

Regarding  religious  services  it  may  be  said  that  they  are  held 
according  to  the  principles  of  the  reformation,  as  in  our  [Swiss] 
churches,  although  with  some  customs  in  the  English  language 
not  current  among  us,  except  at  Manigkintown(ol),  where  the 
French  Huguenots  dwell.  There  services  are  held  in  their  own 
language.  I  shall  shortly  report  more  about  Manigkintown, 
which  is  located  on  the  James  River. 

Going  to  church  means  at  some  places  a  trip  of  more  than 
thirty  miles,  but,  as  can  be  seen  from  what  follows,  it  is  not  a 
great  hardship,  because  people  are  well  mounted  there.  Horses, 
which  are  hardly  used  for  anything  else  but  riding,  are  half 


of 

I^Iuuul;  uib  ur  i\i  iii'jcuns,  a  Lriiju  uivv;iys>  uu-iluc  lu  luc  i  u wn iumo.  m 
imO  they  nun'jc'rel  33  bowmen  or  about  103  individuals;  \)\it  by  1700, 
they  had  eTii:>rat2i  or  begone  e.xtinct  and  their  lands  were  given  to  the 
Huguenot  colony  in  Virginia. 


m:xlJ  •j;vm  "io  ahi  f. 


.C2  J^ 


22  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"i  ,  deers.     They  run  always  in  a  fast  gallop.     When  services  are 

t  ■ . -i  I.   ■  ■  '.,,    held  on  Sundays  or  on  other  days  none  goes  to  church  except  on 

;■.:  I  •■       ;  t  ■     horseback.     The  churches  are  not  all  built  alike.     Most  of  them 

are  of  timber,  without  towers  or  bells.     In  every  county  there 

are  one,  two  or  three  churches,  according  to  the  population, 

,  ;  ;.  whether  it  is  thickly  settled  or  scattered.     There  are  also  stone 

;i  .,.M  '.     ■.    churches,  of  which  I  have  seen  three,  built  of  bricks,  especially 

li       •  at  Jamestown (3 2),  where  the  church  has  a  tower  and  a  bell. 

:  ',    i;i     The  other  [brick  church]  is  at  Williamsburg(33)  and  the  third 

',_  <.'... I ^     in  Claster  [Gloucester]  County. 

(32)-There  is  no  mention  elsewhere  of  any  stone  churches  in  Virginia; 
■■''.'■'         il*      but  it  is  obvious,  from  the  context,  that  Michel  means  brick.     There 
(       ^    .   L  ,     were  more  than  three  brick  churches  in  Virginia  at  this  time. 
'    '     '  '   '  •'  After  the  first  log  churches  in  the  fort  at  Jamestown,  several  frame 

'"    '       ones  were  erected.     In  1617,  a  new  church  50x20  feet  was  built.     It  was 
•    , ,  a  fram.e  building  and  probably  stood  on  the  site  of  the  later  brick  church. 

When  the  foundations  of  the  brick  church  were  excavated  the  walls  were 
•'  '•         '  '        found  to  be  three  feet  thick  and  to  have  heavy  buttresses.     There  was 
;     ,       ,    ^     also  a  tiled  chancel  unearthed.     Within  these  foundations  were  discov- 
'  ;      ercd  fragments  of  a  9  inch  brick  wall,  based  on  round  cobble  stones. 
1    '■'•'  Builders  and  architects  who  examined  it  stated  that  it  would  not  have 

sustained  a  brick  wall,  and  was  no  doubt  the  brick  under-pirning  of   a 
frame  church.     This  could  have  been  only  that  of  1617.     If  this  supposi- 
''i";  ■  tion  is  correct,  the  first  American  legislature,  the  Virginia  Assembly  of 

1019.  met  here.  Between  16.39-45,  a  substantial  brick  church  and  tower 
,  were  built.  This  was  burnt  by  Bacon's  men  in  1676;  but  there  is  good 
reason  to  believe  that  the  low,  thick  walls  did  not  fall,  and  that  they 
were  used  in  the  church  which  was  rebuilt  soon  afterwards.  The  last 
was  the  church  Michel  saw.  After  Jamestown  was  abandoned  it  grad- 
ually fell  to  decay;  but  exactly  when  it  was  pulled  down  to  the  ground  is 
not  known.  There  is  so  much  moisture  at  Jamestown,  in  soil  and  atm.cs- 
f)here,  that  any  disinterred  brickwork  left  open  to  the  air  rajiidly 
.<  crumbles  away.    To  prevent  this  a  brick  structure  which  is  a  rem.arkable 

'  reproduction  of  the  old  church  was  built  over  the  foundations,  and  by  an 

ingenious  use  of  hidden  concrete  piers  rnd  steel  beams,  the  new  structure 
■■■     •'  though  apparently  resting  on  the  old  foundations  does  not  really  do  so. 

The  earth  has  been  cleared  away  from  these  foundations  inside  making 
them  visible.     This  building  was  a  present  to  the  Association  for  the 
^  "       Preservation  of  Virginia  Antiquities  (which  owns  the  grounds  at  Jam.es- 

'      ';•  town)  from  the  National  Society  of  Colonial  Dames.    Excavations  within 

the  church  showed  three  tiled  chancels,  one  beneath  another,  evidently 
belonging  to  the  three  successive  churches. 
./  (3.3)-There  was  a  parish  and  church  here  in  1632  when  the  place  was 

'    ■•    •     '  '       called  Middle  Plantation.     Bruton  parish  was  organized  in  1074  and  in 
,  '        16S3  a  brick  church  (that  seen  by  Michel)  was  completed.     It  became 
dilapidated  and  in  1715  a  new  church,  the  present  one  was  completed. 

Gloucester  county  had  four  parishes,  Petsworth,  Abingdon,  Ware  and 
Kingston.  The  first  three  certainly  had  brick  churches  (two  of  them, 
Abingdon  and  Ware,  still  standing  and  in  regular  use);  but  all  were  prob- 
ably built  in  the  18th  century.  The  particular  church  Michel  refers  to 
cannot  be  identified. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  23 

The  clerical  profession  in  that  country  is  worth  visiting,  es- 
pecially those  who  are  well  educated.  They  arc  well  respected 
and  well  paid.  There  are  congregations  in  which  every  sermon 
costs  one  guinea.  Ordinarily  members,  whether  they  are  few 
or  many,  must  make  up  for  the  services  yearly  16,000  pounds 
of  tolDacco(34).  In  addition  certain  fees  are  fixed  in  money  for 
marriages,  baptisms  and  funerals(35).  They  have  also  their 
residence  and  their  glebe. 

Mr.  Blair (3 6)  is  Bishop  in  this  country,  and  also  president  in 
the  Council  or  Parliament.  He  is  a  learned,  sensible  and  well- 
to-do  man.  Together  with  others  I  had  some  business  with 
him.  He  showed  us  much  courtesy  and  kindness.  Nor  can 
I  pass  by  in  silence  the  many  kind  acts  I  experienced  from  a 
certain  Mr.  Foes(37),  a  Frenchman  by  birth.  He  has  two 
churches  to  take  care  of.  He  has  lived  for  thirteen  years  in 
this  country  as  an  English  clergyman.  Through  a  marriage 
with  a  widow,  who  died  soon  afterwards,  he  has  amassed  large 
means.  There  are  also  some  Catholics,  who  can  hold  their 
religious  services  in  Maryland.  But  there  are  only  a  few  of 
them. 

(31r)-This  statement  is  supported  by  Jones,  Present  State  of  Virginia, 
London  1721,  p.  71:  "The  salary  of  the  Minister  is  yearly  16000,  and  in 
some  parishes  20000  1.  of  Tobacco." 

(35)-The  fees,  according  to  Jones,  1.  c,  p.  72,  were:  "20  s.  for  every 
wedding  by  license, and  5  s.  for  every  wedding  by  Banns,  with  40  s.  for 
a  funeral  sermon,  which  most  of  the  middling  people  will  have." 

(36)-Jam.e3  Blair,  D.  D.,  A.  M.,  University  of  Edinburgh  1673,  came  to 
Va.  in  1685,  v.'as  minister  of  Henrico  parisl^  for  nine  years,  then  reaioved 
to  Jamestown,  where  he  was  for  some  years  the  minister.  In  lOSO  he 
v/as  appointed  Commissary  of  the  Bishop  of  London  in  V'a.,  end  being 
most  influential  in  founding  Wm.  &  Mary  College  was  chosen  its  first 
President  in  1692.  In  1710  he  was  appointed  minister  of  Bruton parish, 
was  appointed  m.ember  of  the  Council  of  State  of  Va.  1GS9,  was  long 
President  of  that  body,  and  as  such  was  acting  governor  Dec.  1740- July 
25,  1741.     He  died  April  IS,  1743. 

(37)-Rev.  Stephen  Fouace  came  to  Virginia  in  16S8,  and  was  minister 
of  York-Hampton  parish.  In  1692  he  was  one  of  the  first  trustees  of 
Wm.  &  Mary  College;  but  returned  to  England  in  1702,  and  died  at  Bed- 
font,  Middlesex. 


m 


24.     .     .  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Regarding  the  government(38).  The  governor,  sent  by  the 
English  King  for  six  years  or  even  longer,  is  appointed  as  his 
viceroy.  He  rules  absolutely  in  the  name  of  the  king.  A 
Parliament  has  been  associated  with  him,  which  serves  him  with 
help  and  counsel.  The  members  are  selected  from  the  most 
respected  men  in  the  country.  They  are  usually  those  who  fill 
the  highest  offices. 

After  this  supreme  authority  follows  the  semi-annual  Court 
or  Assembly.  These  are  two  chosen,  honorable  and  able  men, 
from  every  county  who  remain  usually  from  two  to  three  weeks 
with  the  governor.  They  decide  those  things  that  are  not  of  the 
highest  importance.  Each  one  receives  one  hundred  pounds  of 
tobacco  daily  as  long  as  he  stays.  The  county  must  pay  the 
costs,  just  as  in  the  case  of  the  religious  establishment. 

Then  follows  lastly  the  monthly  Court.  Each  county  namely 
has  a  court  or  house  of  assembly,  where  every  householder  is 
obliged  to  appear  at  the  specified  time,  in  order  to  assist  in 
settling  difficulties  which  one  m.ay  have  with  the  other.  But 
if  no  settlement  can  be  made  in  this  assembly,  it  is  submitted 
to  the  semi-annual  assembly,  and  if  it  cannot  be  settled  there, 
an  ai^peal  is  taken  to  the  parliament  as  the  last  court,  from 
whicli  no  further  appeal  is  possible.  But  if  it  is  an  insignificant 
dispute  or  accident  there  is  in  every  county  a  justice  of  the  peace. 
But  if  the  dispute  cannot  be  settled  by  him,  it  is  reported  to  the 
above-named  courts. 

This  country,  as  far  as  it  is  settled,  is  divided  into  twelve 
parts,  called  counties(39).     The  first  is  called  Claster  [Glou- 

(3S)-The  statements  of  Michel  regarding  the  government  of  Virginia 
are  inadequate  and  inaccurate.  The  appointment  of  the  governor  ran 
"during  pleasure"  ofthe  Crown  (Beverley,  History,  Book  IV,  p.  2).  There 
Vv'as  associated  with  him  the  General  Assembly,  made  up  of  the  Upper 
House  consisting  of  the  Governor  and  twelve  Councillors,  who  had  execu- 
tive power,  and  of  the  Lower  House  of  Burgesses,  two  delegates  from 
every  county.  The  General  Court  consisted  of  the  Governor  and  th.e 
twelve  councillors,  which  met  twice  a  year,  in  April  and  October,  for 
eighteen  days.  The  County  Courts  consisted  of  eight  or  more  Justices 
of  the  Peace  in  each  countv.  (See  Beverley,  History,  Book  IV,  Chapter 
VI).  In  civil  cases  an  apo'eal  from  the  General  Court  to  the  Queen  and 
Council  in  England  was  possible  in  certain  instances,  see  Beverly,  History, 
Book  IV.  p.  21. 

(39)-The  number  of  counties  in  Virginia  in  1702  was  twenty-five.  See 
Beverley, //ii/orv,  who  gives  a  tabular  list  of  all  the  counties  for  the  year 
1702,  witli  the  acres  of  land,  the  number  of  souls,  of  titheablcs.  of  womicn 
and  children,  of  the  militia,  and  the  names  of  the  parishes  in  each  county. 
According  to  him  the  total  number  of  souls  in  1702  was  00,003,  the  tithe- 
ablcs 25,023,  the  m.ilitia  9,522  and  31  parishes. 


.f. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.       .       .'    .     25 

cester]  County,  the  second  York,  the  third  New  Kent,  the 
fourth  King  and  Queen,  the  fifth  Stratfort,  the  sixth  Charles, 
the  seventh  City  County,  the  other  five  have  escaped  my  mem- 
ory. These  counties  appear  to  be  very  large  and  populous, 
t)ut  although  the  number  of  people  is  unknown  to  me,  it  can  be 
estimated  from  three  facts.  In  the  first  place,  there  are  said 
to  be  about  20,000  negroes  or  black  people,  of  whom  I  shall  re- 
port more  at  another  place.  Secondly,  I  have  traveled  through 
most  of  this  country  and  have  seen  the  large  number  of  people. 
And  lastly  at  the  Lime  the  Queen  was  proclaimed  six  counties 
were  called  to  muster,  when  about  2000  men  responded.  I  .shall 
soon  relate  how  this  proclamation  was  miade.  The  governor 
made  his  residence  at  Jamestown(40),  situated  on  the  James 
River.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  beautiful  places  in  the 
country,  although  it  does  not  have  more  than  thirty-five  houses. 
Four  years  ago  the  late  King  William  ordered  at  Middle  Planta- 
tion, v.'hi.ii  i ;  now  called  Williamisburg  in  his  honor,  a  large 
building,  a  so-called  Collcgc(4r),  together  with  a  State  House(42) 
to  be  erected.  He  contributed  4000  guineas  to  it.  The  gover- 
nor now  resides  there.  It  is,  moreover,  because  of  the  con- 
venient place  or  situation,  and  also    because  of    the    many 

(-t'J)-The  rest- aches  of  Mr.  S.  H.  Vonge  ("Site  ot  Old  Jamestown"), 
show  tliat  the  e  irliest  s^overnors  houses  were  east  of  the  present  church- 
yard in  what  was  called  the  "Newtown."  Various  houses  were  occupied, 
but  the  site  of  the  house  in  which  the  governor  resided  in  Michel's  time 
is  not  known. 

(tl)-The  charter  of  Wm.  &  Mary  College  was  dated  Feb.  8,  1693.  The 
design  for  the  building  to  be  erected  at  Williamsburg  contemplated  a 
rectangular  structure  two  stories  and  a  half  high,  136  feet  long  and  40  feet 
wide,  with  two  wings,  each  60x23  feet  inside  measurement.  The  build- 
ing was  completed  about  1700  (when  the  first  commencement  was  held), 
and  several  sessions  of  the  Assembly  were  held  in  it;  but  on  Oct.  29,  17C5 
it  was  burnt,  only  the  sturdy  walls  remaining.  It  was  soon  rebuilt. 
Michel  saw  the  original  building. 

(42)-The  capitol  at  Williamsburg  was  at  the  eastern  end  of  Duke  of 
Gloucester  street  It  consisted  of  two  buildings,  75  feet  long,  inside 
measurement,  connected  by  a  gallery  with  rooms  above  it.  The  whole 
was  of  the  shape  of  the  letter  H.  The  buildings  were  two  stories  and  a 
half  high  with  a  hip  roof.  One  end  of  each  building  was  semi-circular, 
and  at  this  end  of  each  was  a  room,  50  feet  long,  on  the  first  floor,  for  the 
Burgesses  ond  Council.  A  detailed  description  may  be  found  in  "Will- 
iamsburg The  Old  Colonial  Capitol,"  by  Dr.  Lyon  G.  Tyler.  The  Capi- 
tol was  complet("<l  in  1704;  but  was  burnt  in  1746,  and  another  erected  on 
the  same  site  which  was  completed  in  1752.  The  foundations  can  still  be 
seen. 


j.r' 


rn  ,21 


2G  '  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

:■':  • 'if   ;  •  springs(43)  which  are  there,  a  larj^e  place,  where  a  city  is  in- 

;;•  -.,.,!  tended  and  staked  out  to  be  built.     There  are  at  present,  be- 

';  •  ;•,  sides  the  Church,  College  and  State  House,  together  with  the 

'  •    r  .M  residence  of  the  Bishop,  some  stores  and  houses  of  gentlemen, 

\       .  and  also  eight  ordinaries  or  inns,  together  with  the  maga- 

,'..<:.  \  .  zinc(44).     More  dwellings  will  be  built  year  after  year.     This 

' :      ;  place  lies  between  the  James  and  the  York  rivers,  six  miles  from 

!,...,  •-  •;  Jamestown  and  ten  miles  from  Yorktown.     The  youth  is  in- 

'  i  .  structed  in  the  higher  branches  in  the  College  there.     But,  be- 

j.  '  ■'■  .]  '■  <  cause  most  of  the  people  live  far  away,  only  the  more  well-to- 

!'i      i  do  parents,  who  have  the  means,  can  secure  boarding  for  their 

^  ;  sons  there,  which  costs  yearly  twenty  guineas.     There  are  about 

forty  students  there  now.     Before  this  it  was  customary  for 

■   . ,,  ■ ..  wealthy  parents,  because  of  the  lack  of  preceptors  or  teachers, 

•  to  send  their  sons  to  England  to  study  there.  But  experience 
.  ,  1  ,  showed  that  not  many  of  them  came  back.  Most  of  them  died 
. , ,  of  small-po:_\45),  to  which  sickness  the  children  in  the  West  are 
,       ■,  subject. 

Regarding  the  military  organization  it  may  be  said  that  the 

,,,  governor  is  the  general.     The  present  one  is  a  distinguished 

man  and  a  good  soldier(46).     This  he  showed  in  person,  as 

stated,  in  the  sea-battle  four  years  ago  with  the  pirates,  not  far 

r  from  Quiquedam  in  the  Bay,  when  he  rescued  the  ship  "Indian 

King"  after  fierce  resistance. 

Then  follow  the  colonels,  of  whom  there  are  twelve  in  the 
(  ,  country.     They  are  conspicuous,  rich  men,  v/ho  allow  themselves 

.-  ;  : ,     ^ ,         to  be  used  for  police  as  well  as  military  duty.     When  they  are  in 
•'  service,  they  have  a  salary.     At  other  times  it  is  an  honorary 

,    ,,.  title,  like  that  of  major  and  captain,  as  it  is  in  our  country 

..H-.  1  [Switzerland].     Thus  the  people  are  summoned  when  neces- 

sary.    No  fort  or  soldiers  are  kept  in  the  country,  because  the 
V.  •.     •  inhabitants  protect  themselves.     They  are  on  horseback  most 

•  1..  (43)-Jones  in  his  Presettt  Stale,  p.  31,  refers  also  to  the  "excellent 

springs  of  good  water"  in  Williamsburg. 
'   .--.,   ■  (44)-The  "magazine"  was  a  "large  octagon  tower,"  used  as  "a  reposi- 

„,  ,  tory  of  arms  and  ammunition,"  cf.  Jones,  Present  Stale,  p.  31.     It  is  still 

standing. 
',  (15)-Jones,  Present  Slate,  p.  46,  corroborates  tliis  statement.     More 

I  sons  would  be  sent  to  England,  he  says,  "were  they  not  afraid  of  the 

,  Small-Pox,  which  rrost  commonly  proves  fatal  to  them." 

(4G)-The  governor  of  Virginia  in  1702  was  Col.  Francis  Nicholson. 


:u 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL,  27 

of  the  time,  anned  with  carbines,  pistols  and  swords.  They  are 
divided  into  cavalry  or  dragoon  squadrons,  and  also  some  in- 
fantry. But  they  are  very  inexperienced  in  military  training 
or  manoeuvers,  which  are  unheard  of  in  this  country,  much 
less  attended.  There  are  indeed  every  year  two  and  even  three 
musters,  when  the  guns  are  examined  and  the  most  necessary 
things  are  reviewed.  At  first  there  were  fierce  and  numerous 
battles  with  the  aborigines,  namely  the  wild  Indians.  In  par- 
ticular can  I  not  pass  by  with  silence  how  the  country  was  first 
settled  by  Christians  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth(47). 

This  happened  as  follows:  The  captain  of  a  ship,  whose  name 
I  have  forgotten,  sailed  by  this  country.  He  made  as  careful 
inquiries  as  possible,  saw  the  many  kinds  of  lofty  trees,  the 
beautiful  streams,  the  good  soil  and  that  there  was  an  abundance 
of  game,  birds  and  fish.  After  his  return  [to  England]  he  re- 
ported to  the  Queen  that  this  was  a  very  advantageous  country 
to  settle.  In  consequence  of  his  elaborate  report,  the  command 
was  issued  to  gather  together  all  the  criminals,  and  who  else 
had  come  into  the  land,  in  the  whole  kingdom,  whose  number 
was  400.  They  were  taken  on  board  of  a  ship,  provided  with 
all  kinds  of  provisions,  necessary  for  life  and  war.  The  ship 
left  England  in  the  year  1530  [15S5].  After  the  lapse  of  several 
months  they  made  a  safe  landing  in  this  country.  They  took 
along  their  provisions,  arms  and  ammunition.  They  were 
shown  where  they  were  to  settle  and  build  their  cabins.  They 
were  commanded  to  stay  together  there  and  to  guard  the  place 
with  breastworks  or  pallisades,  so  that,  if  something  should 
happen,  they  could  defend  themselves  better.  They  were 
promised  that  they  would  be  visited  again  within  a  year  and  the 
additional  promise  was  made  that  they  could  rely  upon  the 
favor  and  assistance  of  the  Queen.  They  were  well  satisfied 
with  that  and  began  to  build  their  cabins.  Meanwhile  the  ship 
returned  to  England,  after  the  settlers  had  been  provided  with  a 


(47)-The  following  story  of  the  three  expeditions  must  be  based  on 
oral  statements,  which  Michel  heard.  It  is  too  inaccurate  to  go  back  to 
any  printed  history.  It  is  an  interesting  instance  of  how  tradition  dis- 
torts history.  The  story  is  an  echo  of  the  three  colonies  sent  out  under 
Raleigh,  1585-1589.  Sec  Beverley,  History,  Book  I,  pp.  1-10;  Winsor, 
Crilical  History,,  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  105-120. 


28  ■''        VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.         ' 

physician,  with  the  report  that  they  [the  settlers]  had  been  safely 
landed  and  that  there  was  no  apprehension  that  after  a  year's 
time  they  would  not  be  found  alive  and  in  good  condition. 
Meanwhile  they  gathered  up  in  England  all  persons,  who  were 
dangerous  and  burdensome  to  the  country,  about  800  of  them, 
who  like  the  first  were  supplied  with  all  kinds  of  provisions  and 
implements.  With  these  they  sailed,  upon  the  order  of  the 
Queen,  in  two  ships,  to  strengthen  the  above  meniioned  400, 
and  to  make  a  beginning  with  a  new  colony.  They  had  a  long 
and  troublesome  journey.  But  finally  they  landed,  expecting 
to  encamp  with  the  above-mentioned  settlers,  in  order  to  learn 
from  them  how  they  had  fared  thus  far.  To  their  great  con- 
sternation they  found  no  one,  not  even  a  trace  of  their  labors. 
They  were  much  surprized  and  fearful  that  there  might  be 
Indians  near  by.  They  concluded  to  supply  themselves  with 
provisions  for  several  days  and,  following  the  river,  to  march 
into  the  country,  in  the  hope  of  finding  a  trace  of  their  people. 
But  they  were  unable  to  find  anything"  except  an  immense  quan- 
tity of  game  of  all  kinds.  Finally  they  saw  from  a  mountain 
smoke  and  thought  they  might  find  there  what  they  were  looking 
for,  namely  their  people.  But  when  they  reached  the  place 
they  found  nothing  but  a  large  fire  that  had  been  made  there, 
around  which  they  found  game  and  other  th'.igs.  From  these 
and  other  indications  they  were  able  to  conclude  that  the 
Indians  had  been  there.  They  then  believed  that  their  people 
had  been  surprized  by  the  Indians.  In  time  they  learned  that 
they  had  been  killed  by  the  InQians(48),  for,  when  they  fought 
with  them  later,  they  found  many  things  among  the  Indians 
which  had  been  taken  from  the  four  hundred. 

Then  the  others  withdrew  after  this  discovery,  hoping  that 
if  they  would  attack  them  again,  they  could  take  vengeance  for 
their  lost  people.  They  enclosed  their  settlement  at  once  with 
pallisades.  At  the  same  time  several  small  pieces  of  cannon 
from  the  ship  were  left  with  them,  which  they  placed  in  the  most 
favorable  position.     They  also  kept  good  watch.     The  ship, 

(4S)-The  first  colony  was  taken  back  to  England  by  .Sir  Francis  Drake, 
but  when  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  sent  the  ne.xt  expedition  which  did  not 
find  tliem,  he  thought  they  were  all  destroyed  by  the  Indians.  Beverly, 
Hii,tory,  Book  I,  p.'  9. 


nojufi.  J 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  29 

after  leaving  the  people  in  a  good  position  and  after  promising 
to  return  in  a  little  time  with  further  assistance,  left  the  land, 
after  commending  them  to  the  protection  of  the  Most  High. 
They  returned  safely  to  England,  and  reported  how  they  had 
found  matters.  Meanwhile  the  Indians  came  again  to  surprize 
the  settlers  at  night,  but  they  met  such  a  reception  that  many 
of  them  were  left  on  the  place.  Afterwards  they  returned  no 
naore. 

In  England  meanwhile  a  third  expedition  of  volunteers  and 
others,  men  as  well  as  women,  was  fitted  out  on  four  ships. 
They  all  arived  safely  in  this  country  among  their  people,  which 
caused  rejoicing  on  both  sides.  They  undertook  at  once  an 
expcdiiion  against  the  Indians,  whom  they  defeated  several 
times,  althougli  they  were  frequently  the  weaker  party.  Of 
this  I  could  write  more  at  length,  but  I  shall  endeavor  to  be 
brief.  From  that  time  on  more  people  were  imported  yearly, 
and  tlicy  also  increase  here.  The  country  has  expanded  in  such 
a  manner  that  it  is  surprizing.  It  will  also  continue  to  enlarge 
every  year,  because  there  is  no  lack  of  land.  The  farther  they 
push  inland,  the  better  and  more  productive  the  soil  is  found 
to  be. 

Regarding  the  military  equipment  it  should  be  mentioned 
that,  since  three  years  ago,  warships  lie  at  anchor  not  far  from 
Ouiqucdam.  Whenever  pirates  are  noticed  they  must,  accord- 
ing to  miiiitar)  orders,  attend  to  their  duty.  They  are  usually 
two  to  four  in  number. 

Now  as  to  the  condition  of  the  land.  It  consists  of  hills, 
vaHcys  and  plains,  which  arc  by  nature  covered  with  high  trees, 
whose  kinds  and  names  I  shall  soon  mention.  The  soil  is 
mostly  light  and  partly  sandy,  except  at  Manigkinton,  where 
it  is  black  and  heavy.  The  aborigines,  namely  the  Indians, 
had  reason  to  choose  this  place  for  their  settlement.  Their 
city,  called  Manikinton  by  them,  stood  there.  To-day  there 
is  a  red,  rough  stone,  standing  four  feet  out  of  the  ground,  where 
at  certain  times  they  held  religious  services,  as  they  supposed. 
What  has  become  known  to  me  of  their  religious  beliefs,  I  shall 
report,  when  I  describe  their  arrival  in  Williamsburg.  Beside 
the  above  mentioned  stone  there  are  also  mulberry  and  peach 


■f3©  .  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

'u^  1'     trees  planted  there.      About  thirty  years  ago  they  still  dwelt 

.-■\     '•     there.     But  when  they  inflicted  some  injury  upon  the  Christians, 

"•■''••-  '     Colonel  Bomn(49),  who  is  still  alive  and  who  was  then  living 

on  the  frontier,  namely  at  Falensgrig  [Falling  Creek],  as  soon 

as  he  heard  of  this  ravage,  mounted  at  once  his  company  (he  was 

then  captain)  and  attacked  the  Indians  boldly  (who  had  prom- 

•.  .         ised  obedience  but  had  not  kept  it) .     He  soon  overcame  them 

after  some  resistance  and  put  all  of  them  to  the  sword,  without 

v;  sparing  any  one.     He  also  destroyed  their  settlement  and  what- 

..    ever  they  owned.     For  this  service  the  then  king  of  England 

granted  him  the  whole  district  between  his  land  and  this  place, 

which  extends  twenty -five  miles  in  length  and  eighteen  miles  in 

width.     Those  Indians  who  were  not  at  home  or  escaped,  still 

camp  during  the  summer  not  far  from  their  former  home. 

Regarding  the  fruitfulness  of  the  country  it  may  be  said  that 
almost  everything  grows  that  is  put  into  the  ground.  Es- 
pecially tobacco  is  the  principal  article  there,  with  which  trade 
is  carried  on.  It  passes  for  money,  because  gold  and  silver  are 
seldom  seen  there,  especially  among  the  common  people.  All 
purchases  or  payments  are  made  in  tobacco.  It  is  planted  in 
such  quantities  that  this  year  150  ships,  large  and  small,  but  not 
more  than  twenty  small  ones  among  them,  left  the  country 
laden  with  tobacco.  Merchants  pass  up  and  down  through  the 
country.  They  have  their  store  houses  or  magazines  filled  with 
all  kinds  of  goods  which  are  needed  there.  When  the  inhabi- 
tants need  something, they  go  to  the  nearest  merchant,  who  gives 
them  what  they  want.  It  is  recorded  according  to  agreement. 
When  the  tobacco  is  ripe,  the  merchant  arrives  to  take  what  is 

(49)-Prof.  von  Mulinen  has  very  kindly  verified  the  reading  of  this 
nan-ie.     The  original,  he  says,  has  undoubtedly  Bornn      It  is,  however, 
probable  that  Michel  misunderstood  the  name  or  failed  to  remember 
ot  correctly.     He  describes  an  event  that  happened  before  his  time. 
•  "Col.  Born"  is  probably  intended  for  Col.  Wm.  Byrd,  who  owned  much 

land  on  Falling  Creek,  though  he  lived  at  the  site  of  the  present  Rich- 
mond. He  received  no  such  grant  as  Michel  describes;  but  in  April  IG79, 
!  !  I  the  General  Assembly  granted  him  a  tract  of  land  five  miles  long  and  three 
miles  wide  lying  on  both  sides  of  James  River  at  the  falls,  on  condition 
that  he  kept  50  armed  men  there  as  settlers.  It  is  possible,  though  not 
,  ■  at  all  probable,  that  Michel  may  refer  to  Col.  Wm.  Claiborne,  who 
thou'/h  he  neither  owned  land  nor  resided  near  Falling  Creek,  was  a  dis- 
tinguished Indian  fighter.  There  was  a  certificate  of  his  valor,  dated 
March  17,  1G77,  formerly  on  record  at  King  William  C.  H. 


.S; 


0?' 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS   MICHEL.  31 

coming  to  birn.  A  hundred  [pounds]  are  usually  reckoned  at 
twenty  shillings.  When  the  rainy  season  comes,  the  tobacco 
is  packed  .solidly,  one  leaf  above  the  other,  into  a  barrel  which 
holds  or  weighs  from  700  to  1000  pounds.  It  is  a  laborious  job, 
demanding  much  care.  Tobacco  is  planted  after  the  soil  has 
been  prepared.  Then  with  a  broad  hoe  the  soil  is  loosened  on 
top  and  made  into  round  little  heaps,  six  feet  apart.  It  is 
planted  in  rainy  weather.  When  it  is  fully  grown  it  spreads 
so  much  that  all  the  plants  touch  each  other.  It  grows  best  in 
new  il,  but  tlie  land  miust  be  very  good  if  it  is  to  bear  tobacco 
for  L.vcnty  years.  However,  it  is  not  done.  Hence  the  in- 
habitants do  not  live  close  together  and  the  country  is  not 
settled  in  villages,  because  every  twenty  or  thirty  years  new 
ground  must  be  broken.  A  settler  who  has  a  piece  of  land,  di- 
vides it  into  tbiree  parts,  the  first  for  tobacco  and  com,  the 
second  and  third  parts  as  meadows  for  his  cattle  and  as  forest, 
if  he  needs  wood.  When  the  tobacco  field  does  not  want  to 
bear  any  more,  he  sows  com  in  its  place.  After  six  or  eight 
years  it  does  not  yield  com  any  more.  Then  he  lets  it  lie  fallow 
and  takes  up  the  second  part  and  so  forth.  A  workman  must 
plant  yearly  from  15  to  2000  pounds  of  tobacco,  besides  six  or 
eight  barrels  of  corn. 

As  to  corn,  the  "Wirden"(50)  or  Turkish  com  is  grown  in 
most  cases.  It  is  so  productive  that  it  yields  fifty  to  a  hundred 
fold.  It  makes  pretty  good  bread.  It  is  also  pounded  and 
cooked,  called  liumin  [hominy].  Its  flour  is  taken  arid  cooked 
thick  in  water.  Then  it  is  put  into  milk.  It  is  mostly  the  food 
of  servants.  The  flour  is  also  frequently  taken  and  a  thick 
dough  is  made  out  of  it  with  water.  Then,  by  means  of  a  hot 
fire  and  many  coals,  it  is  baked  in  a  little  while(51).  When  the 
com  is  planted,  a  small  hole  is  made  and  three  or  four  grains  are 
put  into  it.  Then  they  are  covered  with  ground.  Like  the 
tobacco  they  are  always  planted  six  feet  apart.     This  grain  is 

(50)-This  is  the  reading  of  the  word,  as  confirmed  by  Prof,  von  Mulinen 
after  renewed  examination.  What  it  means  is  not  known  to  the  trans- 
lator. Pie  tlicught  at  first  of  "Welsh"  com.  Eut  the  original  appar- 
ently does  not  adm.it  of  that  interpretation. 

(51)-This  corn  bread  was  called  pone  or  ponn,  cf.  Beverley,  History, 
Book  IV.  p.  55f;  Falkner,  Curieuse  Aacl:ricf:t  Von  Pennsylvania,  1702,  p.  28 
(see  Proceedings  of  the  Pennsylvania  Gcrm.an  Society,  Vol.  XIV,  p.  143). 


ii 


x. 


18 


32  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

!'•  ''•  '■   raised  in  great  quantities  and  is  used  for  people  and  cattle. 
The  stalks  grow  over  ten  and  even  fourteen  feet  high  and  are 
■  v.  very  thick.     They  bear  usually  from  two  to  four  ears,  while 

there  are  three  or  four  stalks  to  a  hole.  Throughout  the  sum- 
mer the  weeds  must  be  removed  from  time  to  time,  as  in  the 
case  of  the  tobacco.  The  ordinary  price  of  this  com  is  two 
shillings  a  bushel,  or  about  two  measures  as  used  here  [in  Swit- 
zerland]. 
':      ■  The  other  kind  is  wheat,  which  is  planted  by  every  family  for 

'"■'     '         its  use,  in  such  places  where  the  cattle  have  been  penned  in  at 
t''  night.     After  they  have  been  in  a  field  for  three  or  four  weeks, 

'■>■'  ''  ■'       they  are  moved  to  another  field.     In  this  way  the  soil  is  fer- 
■  '  •        tilized,  for  no  other  manure  is  used.     This  grain  bears  twenty- 
>;    ■  five  fold.     It  is  planted  as  in  our  country  and  it  costs  in  ordinary 

years  three  or  four  shillings  per  bushel. 

Barley  and  oats  are  also  planted  and  they  turn  out  well 
usually.  The  inhabitants  pay  little  attention  to  garden  plants, 
except  lettuce,  although  most  everything  grows  here.  But 
fresh  seeds  must  be  imported  every  year  from  Europe,  for,  if 
the  seed  of  this  country  is  planted,  it  turns  into  the  wild  kind 
again. 

The  custom  of  the  country,  when  the  harvest  is  to  be  gathered 
in,  is  to  prepare  a  dinner,  to  which  the  neighbors  are  invited, 
and  for  which  two  men  have  sufficient  work  to  do.  There  are 
often  from  thirty  to  fifty  persons  cutting  grain,  so  that  fre- 
quently they  have  work  for  only  two  hours 

This  is  one  of  the  principal  festivals  or  times  of  reioicing. 
When  I  was  unable  to  travel  at  one  time,  because  of  the  rain, 
I  stayed  at  a  house,  where  they  intended  to  cut  wheat  that  day. 
When  everything  was  ready  to  receive  the  guests  at  noon,  it 
looked  in  the  morning  as  if  the  weather  was  going  to  be  favor- 
able. Ten  persons  had  already  arrived,  when  the  weather 
changed  and  turned  into  a  violent  rain,  so  that  the  hope  to  har- 
vest in  a  few  days  came  to  nothing.  Fresh  m.eat  cannot  be 
kept  in  summer  longer  than  twenty-four  hours,  hence  the  good 
pco]5le  were  compelled,  if  they  did  not  want  to  let  the  sheep  and 
chicken,  which  they  had  prepared,  spoil,  to  entertain  us,  which 
lasted  for  a  day  and  a  half. 


7"i(H. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  33 

Fruit  trees  are  growing  in  great  abundance.  I  shall  describe 
them  according  to  their  several  kinds.  The  apple  trees  are 
very  numerous,  most  of  them  not  very  large  nor  high,  like  pear 
trees.  But  they  are  exceedingly  fruitful.  I  was  at  many  places 
this  year,  where  I  could  not  estimate  the  large  quantities  which 
were  rotting.  They  are  the  nicest  apples  that  can  be  seen. 
There  is  a  kind  somewhat  earlier  than  the  others,  they  are  called 
Cattalines.  They  are  pointed  and  of  a  sour  taste.  The  sum- 
mer cider  is  made  of  them.  A  later  kind  is  valued  more  highly 
and,  like  the  first,  cider  is  made  of  them,  which  keeps  longer 
than  the  other.  The  gallon  or  four  quarts  cost  one  bit  or  four 
Batzen(52),  according  to  our  coin.  It  is  drunk  mostly  during 
the  winter.  As  the  common  man  does  not  have  good  cellars, 
this  drink  cannot  be  kept  during  the  summer,  but  it  turns  sour. 
There  are  also  pears  of  all  kinds,  but  they  are  not  as  common  as 
the  apples.  There  are  several  kinds  of  peaches,  and  in  such 
quantities  that  people  cannot  eat  the  fourth  part  of  them.  :.  The 
rest  is  fed  to  the  pigs.  It  should  be  noted  that  this  fruit  ripens 
in  a  few  days.  Cherries,  especially  the  cultivated  cherries,  are 
found  in  great  abundance,  where  they  are  planted.  Good  wine 
is  made  of  them. 

All  kinds  of  berries  grow  in  the  wilderness  and  also  on  the 
plantations,  in  such  abundance  that  it  cannot  be  estimated. 
There  are  also  many  different  kinds,  namely  of  black  and  white 
color.  The  best  are  brown,  long  and  large.  This  berry  is 
largely  eaten  by  pigs  and  birds.  Whoever  has  a  desire  for 
berries,  does  not  need  to  buy  them  or  ask  for  them,  for  the 
abundance  is  so  great  that  no  one  pays  any  attention  to  them, 
nor  are  they  used  very  much,  because  people  do  not  want  to 
take  the  trouble  to  pick  them,  as  they  have  enough  other  food. 

There  are  also  plums,  but  they  are  not  common.  Also  many 
other  kinds  of  fruit,  but  they  are  not  known  to  me.  There  is, 
especially  among  the  garden  plants,  a  certain  kind  of  beans, 
not  unlike  the  Turkish,  which  is  planted  with  the  Indian  com  (53) 
It  grows  up  along  the  stalks  and  is  very  productive.     It  is 

(52)-A  bit  is  worth  123^  cents,  according  to  Webster,  and  a  Batzen  is 
a  Swiss  nickel  coin  of  the  value  of  ten  centimes  or  two  cents. 

(5.'5)-The  bean  planted  with  the  com.  "upon  whose  stalk  it  sustains  it- 
self," is  also  mentioned  by  Beverly,  History,  Book  II,  p.  29. 


^ 


Tllil     '-Ki   fjUlR 


«^d.t  nt  wo 


i*.!    )L 


34  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

nourishing  food.  There  is  another  kind  which  creeps  on  the 
ground.  There  are  also  different  kinds  of  peas,  planted  in  the 
gardens,  but  growing  also  outside  of  them.  Besides,  there  are 
potatoes  in  great  quantities  and  many  kinds  of  melons.  Some 
are  cooked,  others,  like  the  water  melons,  are  eaten  raw,  since 
this  fmit  is  very  refreshing  in  the  hot  summer  because' of  its 
cool,  sweet  juice.  They  are  grown  in  great  quantities  and  one 
can  get  as  many  as  he  desires. 

The  water  is  no  less  prolific,  because  an  indescribably  large 
number  of  big  and  little  fish  are  found  in  the  many  creeks,  as 
well  as  in  the  large  rivers.     The  abundance  is  so  great  and  they 
are  so  easily  caught  that  I  was  much  surprized.     Many  fish 
are  dried,  especially  those  that  are  fat.     Those  who  have  a  line 
can  catch  as  many  as  they  please.     Most  of  them  are  caught 
with  the  hook  or  the  spear,  as  I  know  from  personal  experience, 
for  when  I  went  out  several  times  with  the  line,  I  was  surprized 
that  I  could  pull  out  one  fish  after  another,  and,  through  the 
clear  water  I  could  see  a  large  number  of  all  kinds,  whose  names 
are  unknown  to  me.     They  cannot  be  compared  with  our  fish, 
except  the  herring,  which  is  caught  and  dried  in  large  numbers! 
Thus  the  so-called  catfish^is  not  unlike  the  large  turbot.     A  very 
good  fish  and  one  easily  caught  is  the  eel,  also  like  those  here 
[in  Switzerland].     There  is  also  a  kind  like  the  pike.     They 
have  a  long  and  pointed  mouth,  with  which  they  like  to  bite 
into  the  hook.     They  are  not  wild,  but  it  happens  rarely  that 
one  can  keep  them  on  the  line,  for  they  cut  it  in  two  with  their 
sharjj  teeth.     We  always  had  our  harpoons (54)  and  gims  with 
us  \\  hen  we  went  out  fishing,  and  when  the  fish  cam.e  near  we 
shot  at  them  or  harpooned  them.     A  good  fish,  which  is  com- 
mon and  found  in  large  numbers,  is  the  porpcise.     They  are  so 
large  lliat  by  their  unusual  leaps,  especially  when  the  weather 
changes,  they  make  a  great  noise  and  often  cause  anxiety  for 
the  small  boats  or  canoes.     Especially  do  they  endanger  those 
that  1  athe.     Once  I  cooled  and  amiused  myself  in  the  water 
v.ith  s\Nin-m.irg,  rot  knovii^g  that  there  was  any  danger,  but 

(54)-Michel  uses  here  the  peculiar  Swiss  word  "guerre."  which 
accord  in^'to  Prof,  vcn  A'ruhncn,  is  still  used  today,  in  the'form  of  "Gchr" 
or    Licer,     for  a  harpoon  or  spear. 


•V 


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THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  35 

my  host  infonned  me  that  there  was.  This  is  only  a  small  part 
of  what  could  be  told  about  the  fish  there,  but  I  could  not  learn 
everything  in  the  short  time  I  was  there.  The  [larger]  waters 
and  especially  the  tributaries  are  filled  with  turtles.  They 
show  themselves  in  large  numbers  when  it  is  warm.  Then  they 
come  to  the  land  or  climb  up  on  pieces  of  wood  or  trees  lying 
in  the  water.  When  one  travels  in  a  ship,  their  heads  can  be 
seen  everywhere  coming  out  of  the  water.  The  abundance  of 
oysters  in  incredible.  There  are  whole  banks  of  them  so  that 
the  ships  must  avoid  them.  A  sloop,  which  was  to  land  us  at 
Kingscreek,  struck  an  oyster  bed,  where  we  had  to  wait  about 
two  hours  for  the  tide.  They  surpass  those  in  England  by  far 
in  size,  indeed  they  are  four  times  as  large.  I  often  cut  them  in 
two,  before  I  could  put  them  into  my  mouth.  The  inhabitants 
usually  catch  them  on  Saturday.  It  is  not  troublesome.  A 
pair  of  wooden  tongs  is  needed.  Below  they  are  wide,  tipped 
with  iron.  At  the  time  of  the  ebb  they  row  to  the  beds  and 
with  the  long  tongs  they  reach  down  to  the  bottom.  They 
pinch  them  together  tightly  and  then  pull  or  tear  up  that  which 
has  been  seized.  They  usually  pull  from  six  to  ten  times.  In 
summer  they  are  not  very  good,  but  unhealthy  and  can  cause 
fever. 

There  are  frogs  in  the  water,  which  at  night  all  together, make 
a  v^'onderful  noise.  Indeed,  if  one  is  not  acquainted  with  it, 
it  soimds  as  if  the  noise  or  sound  was  made  by  people.  In  the 
large  waters  of  the  wilderness  there  is  a  very  large  kind.  When 
they  call,  their  voice  can  be  compared  to  the  bellowing  of  an  ox. 
It  is  not  the  same  but  as  deep  and  audible  as  far.  I  saw  one 
on  the  other  side  of  the  water  at  Manigkinton,  which  was  a  foot 
long,  with  an  awful  head  or  mouth(55).  When  he  jumped  into 
the  water  there  was  a  splash  as  if  one  had  thrown  a  pretty  large 
stone  into  the  water.  There  are  also  water  snakes  and  all  kinds 
of  costly  animals,  which  live  in  the  water,  such  as  beavers, 

(55)-This  sounds  incredible.  But  Beverley  in  his  History,  Book  IV, 
p.  613,  tells  of  a  similar  story:  "Last  year  I  found  one  of  these  .bull-frogs 
near  a  Stream  of  fresh  water,  of  so  prodigious  a  Magnitude,  that  when 
I  extended  its  Leggs,  I  found  the  distance  betwixt  them,  to  be  seventeen 
Inches  and  a  half.  I  am  confident  six  French-Men  might  have  made  a 
comfortable  Meal  of  its  Carcase." 


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36  .  ,;    VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Otters  and  muskrats,  which  smell  very  agreeably.  I  left  two  in 
England.  The  Indians  shoot  many  of  these  animals.  By 
means  of  rum  or  other  more  insignificant  things  one  can  get 
them  from  them.  They  can  afterwards  be  sold  advantageously 
in  London,  especially  the  beavers,  of  which  castors(56)  are  made 
in  part. 

Now  I  shall  again  turn  to  the  land  and  report  what  animals 
are  found  there,  first  of  all  the  tame  animals.  The  horses,  like 
the  English  breed,  are  very  lightfooted.  They  never  ride  them 
in  a  walk,  but  always  in  a  gallop,  as  if  a  deer  was  running.  They 
are  very  ccmm.on.  It  must  be  a  poor  man  who  cannot  afford 
one.  Not  many  people  can  be  seen  traveling  on  foot,  even  if  it 
is  only  an  hour's  distance.  They  are  seldom  used  to  draw 
wagons  or  the  plow,  because  the  nature  of  the  country  does  not 
demand  it.     They  cost  from  three  to  eight  pounds  of  sterling. 

Horned  cattle  are  found  in  large  numbers,  so  that  in  summer 
time  much  mulk  is  used.  Butter  is  also  made,  as  much  as  is 
needed.  But  m.ost  of  the  people  know  nothing  of  cheese. 
There  were  a  few  who  undertook  to  make  it.  It  was  good  but 
could  not  be  ccmipared  to  ours.  The  common  farmer  has 
usually  frcm  ten  to  forty  heads  of  cattle.  The  gentlemen  have 
about  a  hundred.  There  is  little  trouble  taken  with  cattle,  be- 
cause they  are  left  the  whole  year  on  the  meadows.  Not  even 
a  stable  is  built  for  them,  but  they  are  driven  into  pens,  as  stated 
above,  in  order  to  fertilize  the  ground,  where  wheat  is  to  be 
planted.  No  hay  is  stored,  for  the  wmter  is  not  like  ours,  and 
even  if  it  snows  a  little  or  is  cold,  it  passes  away  in  a  few  days. 
It  is  true  the  poor  cattle  are  at  times  half  frozen  and  starved,  as 
I  have  seen  in  spring  by  their  bodies.  But  when  the  weather 
is  severe,  they  are  given  corn.  The  north  wind  is  said  to  blow 
very  cold.  But  such  weather  does  not  last  long,  as  soon  as  the 
south  wind  ccmes  it  is  warm  again. 

Pigs  arc  found  there  in  such  numbers  that  I  was  aston- 
ishcd(57).     Thcv  arc  not  large,  but  increase  so  rapidly  that 

(56)-Castors  are  hats  made  of  beaver  fur.  The  Latin  word  for  beaver 
is  castor. 

(,'37)-Bcverky  {Hislcry.  Book  IV,  p.  SI)  puts  it  more  pieturesquely 
when  he  says:  "Hog,s  swarm  like  vcrm.in  upon  the  earth,  insomuch  tha't 
when  an  inventory  of  a  considerable  Man's  Estate  is  taken  by  the  E.xecu- 
tors,  the  Hogs  arc  left  cut  and  not  listed  in  the  Appraiscm.ent." 


ii 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  37 

their  number  becomes  large  in  a  short  time.  Their  meat  or 
pork  is  considered  by  everybody  as  the  best  and  most  delicate. 
Many  are  taken  every  year  alive  to  England.  As  they  are  fed 
with  nuts,  acorns,  berries,  apples  and  corn,  they  cannot  be  less 
than  the  best.  They  must  be  better  than  those  which  are  fed 
with  poorer  food.  This  is  shown  by  the  Carolina  ham,  which 
smells  after  fish,  because  the  pigs  there  are  fed  with  fish.  The 
pigs  cause  no  care,  as  they  are  always  left  in  the  woods  near  the 
house  or  not  far  away.  They  find  their  food  throughout  the 
whole  year.  They  often  do  not  come  home  in  eight  weeks. 
But  many  are  lost  when  they  run  off  into  the  wilderness.  On 
the  frontiers  the  bears  do  some  damage.  Each  farmer  has  his 
mark,  with  v;liich  he  marks  their  ears. 

Sheep  are  raised  in  constantly  increasing  numbers.  They 
thrive  well.  But,  as  the  necessary  workmen  are  wanting  to 
use  the  wool,  they  are  kept  only  for  their  meat('58). 

Turkeys,  geese,  ducks  and  chickens  are  very  common.  As  to 
the  game,  this  land  is  a  real  zoological  garden,  filled  to  overflow- 
ing with  all  kinds  of  animals.  They  might  justly  be  called 
half  wild,  because  they  do  not  fight  shy  of  man. 

In  the  first  place,  stags  are  very  plentiful,  deer  also.  Bears 
are  found  in  large  numbers.  They  are  not  vicious,  hence  they 
are  shot  without  fear.  Then  there  are  wild  boars  and  wild 
horses;  also  raccoons,  fierce  animals  like  wild  cats  but  larger;  and 
the  "monac"(50),  an  animal,  unknown  in  this  country  [Switzer- 
land] and  not  much  larger  than  a  cat,  but  of  a  different  kind. 
We  had  one  on  our  ship,  on  the  return  journey,  but  it  died. 
Foxes  and  hares  are  much  smaller  than  in  this  country,  fox- 
squirrels  are  also  numerous,  but  are  more  than  four  times  larger 
than  here  and  not  of  the  color  found  here,  but  grey;  also  another 
kind  of  squirrel,  like  those  above,  but  smaller.  Furthermore, 
ground-squirrels,  but  they  are  very  small  and  of  brown  color, 
more  like  mice.     The  fourth  and  last  kind  are  bats,  very  small 

(58)-This  statement  is  corroborated  by  Beverley,  History,  Book  IV, 
p.  64.  The  deficiency  was,  however,  soon  supplied.  In  1721  Jones  men- 
tions (Present  Slate,  p.  41)  wool  from  Leominster  being  "near  as  good  as 
any." 

(59)-The  monac  or  moonack,  is  according  to  Webster,  a  word  of  Indian 
oriL;in  (cf.  Delaware,  monachgen).  It  is  a  dialectical  word  used  for  the 
woodchuck  or  groundhog,  the  marmota  monax. 


38  .  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

and  pretty,  of  brown  color,  but  with  white  belly.  They  fly  only 
in  the  evening  or  at  night.  Instead  of  wings  they  have  skin 
over  their  toes  which  they  spread  when  they  fly. 

The  feathered  game  is  very  common  and  tame.  The  first  is 
properly  the  eagle.  Then  comes  the  turkey,  whose  number  is 
very  great.  It  is  a  large  bird,  which  weighs  from  twenty  to 
forty  pounds.  Many  of  them  are  shot  because  of  the  fine  meat. 
The  first  two  which  I  met  in  the  woods,  I  thought  I  could  over- 
take with  running  without  shooting  them.  But  when  I  came 
near  them,  they  ran  so  fast  that  I  could  not  catch  up  with  them. 
Finally  they  flew  away.  Wild  geese  and  ducks,  together  with 
all  kinds  of  snipes  and  waterfowl,  are  very  numerous  during  the 
winter  season.  They  are  unlike  those  here  [in  Switzerland]  in 
size  and  color.  They  are  not  wild.  No  hunter  will  shoot  at 
one  or  two  of  them,  but  they  are  hunted  in  uncounted  numbers. 
Patiidges  are  also  numerous  and  tame.  It  is  not  an  uncommon 
sight  to  see  them  eating  with  the  chickens.  They  are  smaller, 
but  excel  them  in  the  fineness  of  their  meat.  I  was  surprized 
to  see  them  sitting  on  trees  and  hear  them  sing.  I  have  shot 
many  of  them  for  their  good  meat  and  because  they  are  found 
everywhere,  but  never  only  one  of  them.  Regarding  the  others 
I  must  confess  that  I  do  not  know  their  names,  because  they 
are  not  like  the  European  birds.  One  species  Is  as  large  as  a 
finch,  of  scarlet  color,  another  is  blue,  others  green  and  others 
have  variegated  colors,  wonderfully  mixed.  Then  there  is  a 
little  bird,  somewhat  larger  than  a  hornet,  which  always  hovers 
over  flowers(60).  When  one  looks  at  its  wonderful  colors,  one 
cannot  help  being  surprized.  Another  kind  is  also  worthy  of 
observation,  because  it  has  aurora  color  mixed  with  red.  The 
noxious  birds  are  like  a  species  of  blackbird,  which  do  not  a 
little  damage  when  the  com  is  sown  and  cut.  They  come  in 
incredibly  large  numbers.  At  such  times  the  fields  must  be 
guarded.  But  that  docs  not  help  much.  When  they  are 
chased  from  one  field  they  fly  to  another.  They  fear  people 
hardly  at  all.  Hence  it  happens  that  fields  must  often  be  sown 
three  times.  They  even  pick  it  out  of  the  ground  after  it  has 
sprouted.     The  most  valuable  species,  because  of  their  song, 

(60)-The  humming  bird  is  meant. 


.,f.....T.       .-' 


^nr     ) 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  39 

are  the  "mocketbort"  [mocking  bird],  which  are  sold  in  England 
for  two  guineas  and  more.  They  can  be  compared  to  the 
nightingale,  because,  they  change  their  sweet  song  in  many 
different  ways.  They  are  not  unlike  a  shrike (61).  The  "noise- 
maker"  comes  to  the  houses  in  spring.  He  screams  at  night 
with  such  a  loud  voice  and  so  continuously  that,  if  one  is  not 
accustomed  to  it,  one  can  hardly  sleep.  I  could  catch  a  sight 
of  many  other  species  and  still  others  I  have  forgotten. 

Poisonous  animals  did  not  become  known  to  me,  except  the 
so-called  rattle  snakes,  a  species  which  is  large  and  much  feared. 
They  stay  most  generally  at  swampy  places.  When  angry  they 
rattle  with  their  tail  as  if  it  were  a  bell.  When  they  bite  any- 
body he  has  to  die.  There  is  no  help  for  him.  Only  the  Indians 
know  the  secret,  but  they  don't  want  to  make  it  known (62). 
If  one  can  come  to  them  in  time,  they  can  cure  him  at  once.  At 
one  occasion  I  traveled  with  some  others  from  Manigkinton  on 
a  wet,  rainy  day.  Seven  miles  from  that  place  we  came  across 
such  a  snake  in  the  forest,  l^ing  on  the  road.  We  had  not  seen 
any  thus  far.  As  we  were  looking  at  it,  it  rattled  with  the  tail 
as  wiih  a  bell (63),  and,  since  we  had  heard  that  such  were  of  the 
dangerous  kind,  we  went  back  and  intended  to  avoid  it.  Then  it 
rose  partly  on  its  tail  and  we  thought  that  it  would  attack  us 
every  moment.  One  man  who  was  with  me  ran  off.  I  had  my 
gun  ready  to  fire,  but,  as  there  was  only  one  bullet  in  it,  I  was 
afraid  to  miss.  Hence  I  turned  slowly  away.  There  is  another 
large  snake,  but  it  is  not  poisonous  like  the  one  just  mentioned. 
It  is  so  delicate  that  one  needs  only  to  strike  it  gently  on  the 
head  with  a  slick  to  kill  it  instantly. 

In  the  hottest  part  of  summer  it  is  troublesom.e  to  travel 
because  of  vermin  (64).     Hence  no  one  can  lie  or  sleep  on  the 

(61  )-Michel  uses  here  the  Swiss  word  "Dorn-Aegerste,"  which,  accord- 
ing to  Prof,  vcm  Miilinen,  is  the  great  "shrike,"  the  Lanius  excubitor. 

(62)-Beverlcy,  History  Book  IV,  p.  04,  says  on  the  contrary  that  "the 
remedies  are  so  well  known  that  none  of  their  servants  are  ignorant  of 
them."  At  another  place  (Book  II,  p.  23)  he  mentions  Rattle-Snake- 
Root,  as  effectually  curing  the  bite  of  a  rattle  snake. 

(63)-The  peculiar  Swiss  word  "Rollin"  is  here  used  by  Michel,  which, 
according  to  Prof,  von  Miilinen,  is  a  kind  of  a  bell. 

(64)-The  san:e  fact  is  expressed  more  strikingly  by  Beverly,  History, 
Book  IV,  p.  62:"'.A11  annoyances  and  inconveniences  of  the  Country  n'ay 
fairly  be  summed  up  under  these  three  Heads,  Thunder,  Heat  and  troub- 
lesome Vermin." 


40-;,  .M.    VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  •  ; 

'one       ground,  because  so  many  vermin  have  crawled  over  the  same, 
since  the  creation,  that  it  is  poisoned  so  to  speak,  for  experience 

,'  ...  shows  that  those  who  work  with  bare  feet  in  new  soil  are  often 

t  .  .         poisoned  all  over. 

',,,..  In  summer  the  mosquitoes  are  very  annoying.     Rains  are 

usually  warm  and  the  sun  has  such  power  that,  when  something 
is  planted,  it  grows  in  a  short  time.  It  is  astonishing  to  see  a 
.  :  ,  thing,  half  grown  or  half  ripe  one  day,  reaching  ripeness  in  a 
few  days.  The  fruits  are  all  ripe  much  earlier  than  in  this 
country  [Switzerland].  But  this  year  everything  has  been  very 
late  compared  with  other  years.  The  trees  began  to  blossom  in 
April.  Half  of  June,  July  and  August  were  very  hot,  so  that 
one  thought  the  air  was  on  fire  in  some  places  and  people  were 
parched  with  thirst.  But  the  cool  springs  are  very  refreshing 
at  that  time.  Their  water  is  not  inferior  to  ours.  If  one  desires 
a  drink  at  that  time,  half  a  vessel  of  cold  water  is  taken,  sugar 
is  put  in  with  some  vinegar  and  nutmeg,  together  with  some 
good  glasses  full  of  rum.  At  times  they  mix  in  some  lemon. 
It  is  a  good  drink.  One  could  easily  get  drunk  from  it.  It  is 
called  Pons  [punch].  A  tanl<ard  or  half  quart  costs  from  four 
to  six  "Batzen." 

Thc-y  have  also  severe  thunderstorms,  such  as  we  saw  this 
year  in  June  at  Yorktown,  when  a  ship,  lying  there  at  anchor, 
was  covered  with  waves,  which  broke  over  the  deck.  The  car- 
penter was  in  the  sailor's  cabin,  the  door  was  locked.  There 
were  two  loopholes  in  the  wall.  Against  one  he  placed  his 
shoulder,  which  became  black  and  burnt  by  the  heat.  At  the 
other  hole  lay  his  axe,  whose  head  was  melted  by  the  heat, 
which  many  people  came  to  see(65). 
: :  TciTible  winds,  called  hurricanes  frequently  come  with  such 

violence  and  force  that  people  often  fear  that  houses  and  trees 
will  have  to  give  way.     But  they  are  soon  over.     One  can  see 
and  hear  them  come.     Corn  and  other  grain  is  often  blown  ofT 
.     ■  the  fields.     The  winter  is  not  long  nor  cold.     Not  much  snow 

falls.     The  cattle,  as  stated  before,  can  stay  outside,  on  the 
' '     _       meadows,  all  the  time,  because  they  do  not  make  hay.     The 
north  wind  is  said  to  be  very  cold  in  winter,  but  it  does  not  last 
(65)-This  is  of  course  a  sailor's  yam. 


..-•  I 


,-.    jS,    /■  .    .i  ,. .    _'•    )"• 


iitOi  fh-j'.i  --'io'. 


A     W 


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•jy   iii.j  :)fji; 


OjIJ    mo    .:jf.l.i\>    y<,(p    jf 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  41 

long.  As  soon  as  the  south  wind  blows  it  is  warm  again.  One 
can  see  trees  split  and  bent  through  the  cold.  But  it  does  not 
stay  so  long.  During  that  time  they  make  huge  fires  in  the  big 
fire  places.  There  is  as  much  wood  as  one  desires  at  the 
door(G6). 

Regarding  wild  [forest]  trees,  it  may  be  said  justly  that  none 
can  be  found  which  are  superior  to  them.     I  rightly  regai-d  as 
first  the  cedar  tree,  which  is  very  common.     The  governor  of 
late  fenced  in  a  garden.     The  trees  were  all  cedars,  whose  wood 
is  very  durable.     There  is,  furthermor,  a  kind  of  wood  or  spice, 
of  saffran  color,  whose  name  I  have  forgotten.     This  wood  is  cut 
into  chips.     They  are  cooked  afterwards  and  drunlc.     Every 
year  much  of  it  is  exported  to  England.     The  tall,  wild  nut 
trees  [walnuts]  are  very  useful  for  building  purposes,  if  fine  work 
is  desired.     It  is  of  brown  color.     This  tree  bears  a  fruit  like 
our  beech  trees,  but  larger.     It  cannot  be  opened  without  a 
nail.     The  pigs  usually  eat  them.     There  are  chestnuts  at  some 
places,  but  they  are  small.     The  most  numerous  and  the  largest 
trees  are  the  oaks.     There  are  also  very  tall  and  straight  red 
pines.     White  pines  I  have  not  seen,  and  also  only  one  beech 
tree.     The  little  boats,  called  canoes,  are  usually  a  trunk  of  a 
tree  hollowed  out.     From  six  to  ten  persons  can  ride  in  them 
comfortably.     Besides  the  trees  mentioned  there  are  many  other 
species  unknown  to  me  by  name.     They  blossom  beautifully. 
Some  of  them  are  not  like  the  trees  here  either  in  wood  or  in 
foliage,  nor  are  they  difficult  to  cut.     The  branches  do  not  start 
way  down  the  trunk,  but  far  up.     On  one  occasion  a  sloop  or 
canoe  came  from  Carolina.     It  was  made  of  one  piece,  its  size 
was  astonishing.     It  had  two  sails  and  carried  forty  barrels  of 
pork.     The  forests  are  very  convenient  to  ride  or  hunt  in.     The 
trees  are  far  apart,  with  no  undergrowth  on  the  ground,  so  that 
one  can  ride  anywhere  on  horseback.     The  game  is  easily  dis- 
covered, because  of  the  openness  of  the  forest.     The  hunting 
of  the  Indians  helps  not  a  little  to  clear  the  forests  and  pastures. 

(60j-Almost  the  identical  expression  is  used  by  Beverley,  History, Book 
II,  p.  9:  "Wood  grows  at  every  Man's  Door." 

(67)-This  "fire  hunting"  of  the  Indians  is  described  more  at  length 
by  Beverley,  History,  Book  II,  p.  39. 


i*  Yawauoi  aii' 


f;.  I       .1. 


.:-%[  i.:   >ton 


42        *       I   "'""'     VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

It  takes  place  in  October,  in  the  following  manner(67) :  From 
twenty  to  forty  persons  and  often  more  gather  and  make  a 
circle,  assigning  to  each  a  certain  section  in  the  circle.  After- 
wards each  sets  fire  to  the  foliage  and  underbrush,  which 
through  the  heat  is  dried  up.  The  flames  devour  everything 
before  them,  until  finally  the  area  is  much  narrowed  and  the 
game,  fleeing  before  the  fire  and  the  smoke,  is  driven  together 
to  a  small  space,  around  which  the  hunters  stand,  shooting  down 
everything.  Then  they  take  only  the  skins  and  as  much  of  the 
meat  as  they  need.  The  rest  they  leave  to  decay.  This  is  their 
great  hunt.  They  are  good  shots.  They  do  not  hold  the  rifle 
as  we  do.  Their  left  hand  takes  hold  of  the  barrel  as  far  for- 
ward as  possible.  Thus  they  direct  it  mostly  with  the  left  hand. 
I  shall  soon  report  more  about  them. 

The  wild  horses  are  hunted  (68)  in  April  and  May,  at  the  time 
of  the  year  when,  being  famished  after  the  winter,  they  fill 
themselves  with  the  fresh  grass  to  such  an  extent  that  they  be- 
come lazy  and  are  unable  to  run.  The  English  place  their 
best  horses  for  four  or  five  weeks  into  the  stable,  feed  them  with 
oats.  Then  they  mount  and  ride  their  horses  in  companies 
while  they  hunt  them.  They  are  soon  found,  because  they  run 
about  in  large  numbers.  As  soon  as  they  are  sighted,  they  are 
chased.  They  can  stand  the  running  for  some  time,  but  are 
finally  overtaken  by  the  horses  that  have  been  fed  with  oats. 
They  are  then  caught,  kept  for  a  time  with  the  tame  horses 
and  broken  in.  They  develop  great  endurance.  They  are 
grey,  but  not  quite  as  tall  as  the  others.  Their  meat  is  good  to 
eat.  They  are  also  caught  in  pits.  When  it  is  known  v/hich 
way  they  go  to  the  water,  a  deep  pit  is  dug,  which  is  covered 
slightly.  When  the  horse  passes  over  it,  it  falls  down  and  can't 
get  out  again,  until  it  is  bound  with  ropes  and  pulled  out.  There 
are  people  who  make  their  living  by  this  practice. 

Turtles  of  different  kinds  are  found  in  the  woods.     They  are 

gathered  and  eaten  by  the  negroes  or  slaves.     The  largest 

which  I  have  seen  was  like  a  small  hat  in  circumference.     They 

(68)-The  hunting  of  wild  horses,  "which  young  people  take  great  de- 
light in,"  is  also  described  by  Beverley,  History,  Book  IV,  p.  75f. 


,  f    >'  'a 


TioiL*  •>•  {T     .iTin  '>*  :;!diinu  oifi 


nin  voiit  >:;:tifi'JO(i  .o^Lot  nooa  9xr.  "(o^iT     .^ 


-  .'fit/.'  r  iij  vd 


:?!  Iu.t  gi^  ^j 


i/i  ;'S) 


J  .       THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  43 

are  of  various  colors  and  very  beautiful.  There  is  especially 
a  small  species,  which  is  found  in  large  numbers  on  roads, 
mostly  of  a  yellow  color.  They  are  most  beautifully  decorated. 
I  took  one  of  them  with  me  and  used  it  on  board  of  ship  as  a 
drinking  cup. 

This  is  the  small  amount  of  information  which  I  can  give 
about  things  in  general.  There  are  many  other  facts  regarding 
them  unlcnown  to  me.  \-':\'  oy  '^\..,\  ":,i 

(To  be  Continued) 

'^l-'   .%  i';i'  T  •-■'  :■    :,.;:''(t    Stp.-;i-<'      J:.  ti;>C 

rh.:»!  ,  1^  '  ■>  •  ■    :iv   '-  X   .--in.  •  ].,  :,    ' 

;:).  ;■      ■  ■  •        ._  t   -'  ■  ■    ;     .lu/io,   i'-;  . 

'■.<■•.:'::       ;    :.  r'-;.-  ,  :        :  .,_,  >n./     .->    ■■"-.;•.  ':•    ■;  '         _^'  .  ■J.^w-u.  ■•', 

■'  .        -.     "  ■                          t-Tn-.'     '..i,J>    L,.    >;-jjt'..     v.  ;'-■>;• 

"  •■■        '  '  '.'                      'i      '■■■'   i  '.M '    '^1'  ;,,■')..■.:,.:  ..• 

..   :  ):■...■:-'■     .    '/    '  ...      '■■.   'I.  •  .  ■  Avit-y    .:  ..         '     ■      ■ 


I   ■.  2T  •    ■    ^  orii.' 


,■  I  ■', 


'.•J  f" 


1o 


V.J 


44  .  .,  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

THE  VIRGINIA  FRONTIER  IN  fflSTORY— 1778. 

By  David  I.  Bushnell,  Jr. 


IV.  Events  Leading  to  the  Treaty  of  Fort  Pitt 

The  winter  of  1777-1778  was  one  of  the  darkest  periods  in  the 
history  of  the  western  frontiers  of  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania. 
The  death  of  Cornstalk  on  November  10  had  caused  his  followers 
to  assume  a  more  restive  attitude,  and  thus  endangered  the 
scattered  settlements  beyond  the  Blue  Ridge.  Northward,  on 
the  border  of  Pennsylvania,  small  bands  of  hostile  warriors 
reached  the  settlements  eastward  from  Fort  Pitt  and  did  great 
damage:  destroying  property  and  killing  the  settlers.  About 
this  time  a  letter  was  sent  by  Col.  Lochry,  Lieutenant  of  the 
county  of  Westmoreland,  to  Thomas  Wharton (1)  setting  forth 
the  grave  perils  surrounding  the  outlying  posts.  The  original 
letter  is  in  the  Library  of  Congress  (Pennsylvania  State  Papers, 
No.  09,  Vol.  1,  folio  437).     The  letter  follows: 

"Honoured  Sir: 

"The  distressed  situation  of  our  country  is  such  that  we  have 
no  prospect  but  desolation  and  destruction.  The  whole  coun- 
try on  the  north  side  of  the  road,  from  the  allegany  mountains, 
is  all  kept  close  in  forts,  and  can  get  no  subsistance  from  their 
plantations. — they  have  made  application  to  us,  requesting  to 
be  put  under  pay  and  receive  rations;  and  as  we  can  see  no  other 
way  to  keep  the  people  from  flying  and  letting  the  country  be 
evacuated,  we  were  obliged  to  adopt  their  measures,  requesting 
your  excellency  to  give  the  necessary  orders  to  enable  us  to  put 
them  in  execution — if  these  very  measures  is  not  adopted  I  see 
no  other  method  that  can  secure  the  people  from  giving  up  the 
country — these  people,  whilst  they  support  these  frontier  posts, 

1-Thomas  Wharton  was  born  in  1735,  and  died  May  22,  1778.  On 
March  5,  1777  he  was  inaugurated  as  President  of  Pennsylvania  and 
held  that  office  until  his  death. 


.SM.- 


«'m'A     .  i^mab 


1 

! 


r  1    10  j/i'i/Ic-jT^  Hi'. 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER   IN    HISTORY.  46 

are  certainly  serving  the  publick,  and  certainly  cannot  continue 
long  so  to  do,  unless  supported  by  the  publick.  Lieutenant 
Colonel  Charles  Campble  and  four  other  persons  are  made 
prisoners  on  the  waters  of  black  legs  creek, (2)  four  other  men 
killed  and  scalped  near  the  same  place,  one  man  kil'd  near 
Wallaces(3)  fort  on  conemaugh;  eleven  others  person  killed 
and  scalped  at  Palmers(4)  fort  and  near  Ligonier,  amongst 
which  is  Ensign  Wood.  At  the  place  where  Colo.  Campble  was 
made  prisoner  four  rascally  proclamations  was  left  by  the 
savages,  by  the  Governor  of  detroit,  requesting  all  persons  to 
come  to  him  or  any  other  of  the  governors  occupied  by  his 
majestys  troops,  and  they  should  receive  pay  and  lodgings  as 
they  rank  with  us.  Every  private  for  encouragement  to  have 
two  hundred  acres  of  land.  In  short  there  is  very  few  days 
there  is  not  some  Murder  committed  on  some  part  of  our 
frontiers.  If  your  excellency  will  please  to  adopt  our  meastires 
and  give  the  necessary  orders  for  putting  them  in  execution, I 
hope  with  divine  assistance,  we  shall  be  able  to  hold  the  country 
till  we  are  enabled  by  the  more  effectual  measures ;  that  is  carry- 
ing on  an  expedition  in  their  country.  We  have  likewise  ven- 
tured to  erect  two  Stockade  forts  at  Ligonier  and  Hanna'stown 
at  the  public  expence,  with  a  store  house  in  each,  to  secure  both 
publick  and  prviate  property  in,  and  be  a  place  of  retreat  for  the 
suffering  frontiers  in  case  of  necessity;  which  I  flatter  myself 
will  meet  with  your  excellencys  approbation — and  beg  leave  to 
subscribe  myself  Your  excellencys 

"Westmoreland,  4*^^  Nov.  1777  most  Obliged 

To  his  excellency  most  humble  servant 

Thomas  Wharton,  jr.  Pres.  A.  Lochry.  Lieut" 

2-ln  The  American  Gazetteer,  by  Jedidiah  Morse,  Boston,  1797,  is 
the  following  brief  note  which  may  refer  to  this  creek:  "Black  Lick, 
lie?  in  Westmoreland  co.  Pennsylvania,  about  3G  miles  E.  of  Pittsburg." 

3-Wallace's  Fort.  "The  Fort  was  erected  on  the  farm  of  Richard 
Wallace,  who  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  in  that  part  of  Derry  township 
in  Westmoreland  county,  which  lay  between  the  old  Forbe.'^  road  and  the 
Conemaugh  river.  *  *  *  This  fort  was  the  place  of  resort  and  refuge  for  the 
inhabitants  of  the  frontiers  l.sing  north  of  the  Old  Road  and  east  of 
Hannastown  and  Fort  Hand  al!  through  the  Revolution;  and  particularly 
for  those  who  lived  along  the  Conemaugh  river  and  north  of  that  as  far 
as  settlements  were  made."  Report  of  the  Commissioners  to  locate 
the  site  of  the  Frontier  Forts  of  Pennsylvania,  1S9G.    Vol.  II,  p.  344  ct  seq. 

4-P.nlmer's  fort,  or  stockade,  stood  in  Fairfield  township,  Westmore- 
land countv. 


^ 


■:'■  ,f:  'I. 


oi  byiuJ 


46  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

In  the  same  volume  of  manuscripts  is  a  communication  from 

; ,       the  Council  of  Safety  to  the  Delegates  in  Congress,  in  which 

reference  is  made  to  the  receipt  of  the  preceding  letter.     It  is 

dated  from  Lancaster,  November  14,   1777,  and  from  it  the 

following  quotations  are  made: 

"Sir: 
,  "This  Council  is  applied  to  by  the  people  of  the  County  of 

Westmoreland  in  this  Commonwealth  with  the  most  alarming 
Complaints  of  Indian  Depredations.  The  letter  of  which  the 
inclosed  is  a  copy  will  give  you  some  Idea  of  their  present  situa- 
tion. We  are  further  informed  by  verbal  accounts,  that  an 
Extent  of  60  Miles  has  been  evacuated  to  the  savages,  full  of 
Stock,  Com,  Hoggs  &  Poultry,  that  they  had  attacked  Palmer's 
Fort  about  7  miles  distant  from  Fort  Ligonier(5)  without 
success;  and  from  the  infonnation  of  White  Eyes(6)  and  others 
:,  circumstances;  it  is  feared  Fort  Ligonier  has  by  this  time  been 
attacked.  There  is  likewise  reason  to  fear  the  Savages  will 
,  .  extend  to  Bedford  county  and  along  the  frontiers.     We  shall 

order  out  the  Militia  of  Bedford  county  and  take  such  other 
steps  as  may  be  immediately  necessary  for  the  relief  of  these 
settlements,  but  we  find  they  are  greatly  deficient  in  the  article 
of  aiTns,  and  especially  ammunition  and  flints.  In  fort  Lig- 
.  .  onier,  when  our  informants  left  it,  there  was  not  more  than  forty 

poimds  of  powder  and  fifteen  pounds  of  lead,  flints  are  sold  at  a 
:  ,  ^     dollar  a  piece.     We  know  not  the  situation  of  Gen.  Hand,  (7) 
^v    . ,  his  forces  or  his  views;  but  we  have  reserv^ed  the  militias  of  Bed- 
1  .  ,  ford  &  Westmoreland,  for  the  purpose  of  co-operating  with  him 
.,  ,,  ,;.  in  those  parts  of  the  states,  &  the  neighbourhood." 

The  letter  from  the  Council  of  Safety  was  refeiTcd  to  a  com- 
mittee in  congress  which  reported  six  days  later.  A  copy  of  the 
report  was  immediately  sent  to  Virginia.     This  copy  of  the 

5-"Fort  Ligonier  lies  on  the  road  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburg;  266 
miles  from  the  former  and  54  from  the  latter,  and  9  miles  from  the  E. 
'  -^Z     •    side  of  Laurel   Hill."     (Morse,   Jedidiah,   op.   cit.)     A  fort  had  been 
1  erected  here  by  the  British  during  the  French  and  Indian  war. 

6-White  Eyes,  a  chief  of  the  Delaware  and  friend  of  the  Americans. 
He  was  succeeded  by  Killbuck. 

7-General  Edward  Hand  was  at  this  time  in  command  of  the  Western 
Department,  with  headquarters  at  Fort  Pitt. 


.aKi5f> 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.         '•  '  "47 

report,  together  with  Governor  Henry's  letter  transmitting  it 
to  the  General  Assembly,  are  preserved  in  the  Virginia  State 
Library,  Riclimond,  and  are  given  below:      -    ."     ■ 

"Dec'5*M777     - 

"Sir. 

"I  beg  Leave  to  communicate  to  the  general  Assembly,  the 
Resolutions  of  Congress  &  the  letter  from  M""  Laurens,  which 
accompany  this.  I  also  enclose  you  a  Letter  from  General 
Washington  &  have  the  Honor  to  be 

Sir  "'      ■   /   -         ■    ^    ■■ 

Your  most  obedient  '    ' 

Servant 

P.  Henry" 

On  the  back  of  the  letter  is  the  address:  "The  Hon'ble  George 
Wythe  Esq'',  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Delegates,"  and  the  sub- 
scription "Commissioners  for  indian  affairs  at  Fort  Pitt — 
Detroit." 

The  document  received  from  Congress  is  in  a  perfect  state  of 
preservation,  and  is  of  great  interest: 

"In    Congress:  Nov^    20:  1777 — 

"The  committee,  to  whom  the  letter  of  the  14 :  from  the  coun- 
cil of  safety  of  Pennsylvania  &  the  letters  from  fort  Pitt  were 
refen-ed,  report: 

"That  an  inroad  has  been  made  on  the  Western  frontiers  of 
Virginia  &  Pennsylvania,  by  some  savage  tribes  of  Indians, 
wherein  a  number  of  helpless  people  have  been  cruelly  mass- 
acred, &  the  pcaceble  inhabitants  driven  from  their  homes,  & 
reduced  to  great  distress:  That  from  a  number  of  papers  stiled 
proclamations,  under  the  hand  and  seal  of  Henry  Hamilton, 
lieut.  gov'  of  fort  Detroit,  left  by  the  Indians,  where  they  com- 
mitted their  murders,  &  of  which  there  is  one,  now  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  committee,  as  well  as  from  other  information  & 
circi-imstances,  it  appears,  that  these  savages  have  been  insti- 
gated by  the  British  agent  and  emissaries  &  particularly,  by  the 
said  Henry  Hamilton  to  this  barbarous  &  murderous  war — 

"The  committee  apprehend.  That  so  long  as  that  post  con- 
tinues to  be  garrisoned  by  British  troops,  who  are  restrained 


\k 


n:  .-;( 


'Pi 


48  •       -  •■       VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

by  no  laws  of  humanity,  from  using  every  means  to  accomplish 
their  purpose  of  subjugating  these  States,  those  frontiers  will 
be  incessantly  exposed  to  the  barbarous  ravages  of  the  Indian 
tribes  under  their  influence. — 

"That  by  means  of  the  said  agents  &  emissaries,  a  dangerous 
spirit  of  disaffection  has  been  excited  &  formented,  among  some 
worthless  &  evil  disposed  persons  on  the  said  frontiers,  who  lost 
all  sentiments  of  virtue,  honor  or  regard  for  their  country  have 
been  induced  to  aid  our  remorseless  enemy. — 

"That  the  Shawanese  &  Delawares  continue  well  affected  & 
disposed  to  preserve  the  league  of  peace  &  amity  entered  into 
with  us  for  which  reason  they  are  threatened  with  an  attack  by 
their  hostile  neighbours,  who  have  invaded  us,  &  are  at  the  same 
time  exposed  to  danger  from  the  attempts  of  ill  disposed,  or  ill 
advised  persons  among  ourselves. — 

"Your  committee  therefore  are  of  opinion.  That  for  the  safety 
&  security  of  the  frontiers,  as  well  as  to  preserve  the  public  faith 
of  these  United  States  plightes  to  our  Indian  allies,  speedy  & 
effectual  measures  ought  to  be  taken  to  suppress  the  spirit  of 
disaffection  among  our  own  deluded  people — to  repel  &  put  a 
stop  to  the  hostile  invasion  of  our  enemies — to  protect  ourlndian 
allies  &  confirm  them  in  their  good  disposition  &  to  remove,  if 
possible,  the  cause  from  whence  all  the  evils  in  that  quarter 
arise :    whereupon 

"Resolved,  That  three  commissioners  be  appointed  to  repair 
without  delay  to  fort  Pitt.  That  they  be  instructed  to  inves- 
tigate the  rise,  progress  &  extent  of  the  disaffection  in  that 
quarter,  &  take  measures  for  suppressing  the  same  &  bringing 
the  deluded  people  to  a  sense  of  their  duty. 

"That  the  said  commissioners  be  invested  with  full  power  to 
suspend  for  misconduct  any  officers  in  the  service  of  the  United 
States  employed  in  that  quarter  &  appoint  others  in  their  room, 
&  confine  in  safe  custody  all  such  officers,  against  whom  they 
shall  have  satisfactory  proof  of  being  offenders  against  the  rights 
Sc  liberties  of  America. 

"That  the  said  commissioners  be  directed  to  cultivate  the 
fri(;ndship  of  the  Shawanese  &  Delawares  &  prevent  our  people 
from  committing  any  outrages  against  them. 


UIV 


(VL 


nc 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  ,  49 

"That  they  be  impowered  to  engage  as  many  of  the  Delaware 
&  Shawanese  warriors  in  the  Service  of  the  United  States  as 
they  judge  convenient. 

''That  they  be  impowered  &  directed,  for  effectually  checking 
the  progress  of  the  enemy,  to  concert  with  brigadier  general 
Hand,  a  plan  of  carrying  the  war  into  the  enemy's  country,  & 
cause  the  same  to  be  executed  with  all  convenient  dispatch. 

"And  in  order  to  prevent  such  barbarous  incursions  for  the 
future,  that  the  said  commissioners  be  impowered  to  cause  the 
operations  of  ihe  war  to  be  extended  against  the  British  gar- 
rison at  Detroit  &  its  dependencies,  provided  the  reduction  of 
that  fortress  can  in  their  opinion  be  effected  at  this  season  of  the 
year,  &  the  whole  can  be  accomplished  by  a  force  not  exceeding 
two  thousand  men,  exclusive  of  Indian  auxiliaries. 

"That  it  be  earnestly  recommended  to  the  legislative  powers 
of  Virginia  &  Pensylvania,  to  invest  the  commissioners  with 
every  necessary  authority  over  their  respective  militias;  to 
impower  them  to  arrest  and  commit  for  tryal,  such  of  their 
respective  inhabitants  on  the  Western  frontiers  as  shall  appear  to 
have  been  concerned  in  any  conspiracy  or  plot,  against  the  United 
States,  or  otherwise  to  afford  the  said  commissioners,  such 
assistance,  as  shall  be  necessary  in  consequence  of  these  resolves— 

"Resolved,  That  the  case  of  colonel  Geo.  Morgan  be  included 
in  the  business  referred  to  the  consideration  of  the  commissioners 
Vi-ho  are  to  be  appointed  for  various  purposes  on  the  Western 
frontier,  that  in  the  mean  while  col.  Morgan  be  restored  to  the 
a|:ipointm-cnt  of  agent  for  Indian  affairs,  &  that  he  be  appointed 
deputy-comm.issary-general  of  purchases  in  the  Western  district. 

"Congress  proceeded  to  the  election  of  commissioners  to  pro- 
ceed to  fort  Pitt,  &  the  ballots  being  taken,  Colo.  Samuel  Wash- 
ington, Gabriel  Jones  Esq.  &  Col.  Joseph  reed  were  elected. 
Extract  from  the  Minutes  Chas.   Thomson  Secy.  "(8) 

8-Col.  Samuel  Washington,  of  '"Harewood,"  l^crkcley  Co.,  Va.,  2d 
sen  of  Augustine  and  Mary  Washington,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1734.  He  has 
many  descendants.  .j 

_Gabriel  Jones,  of  Augusta  and  Rockingham  Counties,  bom  May  17, 
l/_'4,  died  O'.tober  1S06.  He  was  long  a  distinguished  lawyer,  and  was 
frcciuently  in  the  House  of  Burgesses.  Sec  Waddcll's  "Annals  of  Augusta 
County"  8I-S4.  He  married  Mrs.  Margaret  (Strother)  Mcrt-n  and  has 
descendants 

Col.  Joseph  Reed,  born  at  Trenton,  N.  J.,  Aug.  27,  1741.  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, M;irch  5,  17^5.  He  was  actively  engaged  during  the  Revolution 
and  was  tne  close  friend  and  confidential  secretary  of  Gen.  Washin;:ton. 

Chas.  Tliomson,  of  Pennsylvania,  Secretary  of  Congress,  1774-17S9. 


9^ 


-oi  , 


-u.f  .II 


60  '        '      VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  following  letter,  the  original  being  in  the  Library  of 
Congress,  among  the  Papers  of  the  Continental  Congress  (No. 
56,  folio  89),  is  self  explanatory: 

"Sir: 

"His  Excellency  Patrick  Henry  Esq""  has  been  Pleased  to 
apoint  Colo.  Saml.  McDowell  &  my  self  in  the  Room  of  Saml. 
Washington  &  Gabriel  Jones  Esq""  who  have  Declined  the 
apointmcnt  of  your  Honourable  Body  on  the  20^''  Nov'  Last. 
The  Inclemency  of  the  Season  has  prevented  us  from  Setting 
out  on  our  Journey,  but  should  the  weather  Permitt  we  purpose 
going  on  mxcnday  the  23*^  Ins*  &  hope  to  be  at  Pitsburg  in  Ten 
days  after  y*  time,  where  we  shall  Expect  to  meet  with  the 
other  jxntlcmen  who  may  be  apointed  from  the  State  of  Pen- 
sylvarici — I  have  the  Honour  to  be  for  Colo.  McDowell  &  my 
self— Sir 

Your  most  obedient 

&  Most  Humbl  Servant 

Samp.  Mathews" (9) 
Staunton  13*^  Febry  1778 

Addrc.:std  on  back: 

"To  the  Honourable  Henry  Laurance 
President  of  Congress" 

Pennsylvania  appointed  one  comm.issioner,  George  Clymer, 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  He  reached  Fort 
Pitt  hefore  the  Virginian  and  on  March  7,  1778  communicated 
with  Congress.  The  letter,  dated  from  Pittsburg,  is  preser\^ed 
in  the  name  volum.e  with  the  ] receding,  it  is  in  part: 

"Ncitlicr  of  my  Collegues  having  joined  me  from  Virginia,  Con- 
gress has  yet  reaped  little  advantage  in  this  Quarter  from  the  Ap- 
pcintn'cnt  of  Commissioners    *    *    *.     To  repair  this  unhappy 

9-Saraucl  McDowell,  bom  in  Pennsylvania  Oct.  27,  1735,  removed  to 
Va.  in  1737,  died  near  Danville,  Kentucky,  Oct.  25,  1S17.  A  member 
of  I.ewi'-'s  company  at  Braddock's  del'eat,  and  for  many  years  a  member 
of  the  \  irj^inia  Assembly.  In  17S2  he  was  appointed  a  commissioner 
to  settle  lar.d  claims  in  Kentuck}-,  and  served  in  the  Kentucky  Legisla- 
ture. 

Sanijison  Mathews,  of  Augusta  County,  Va.,  died  in  1S07.  He  was  long 
a  prominent  citizen  of  the  county,  was  commissary  of  Col.  Charles  Lewis' 
Tcgimenl  in  the  Point  Pleasant  ram[)aign  and  served  in  17S1  as  Colonel  of 
Augusta  militia.     (See  Waddcll's  "Annals  of  Augusta  County.") 


a:- 


'i/:ti  .c:afi': 


^jY 


^X\l  ^o(ioi  "^Zi  ifOJiim:l3 


„  ^ 


•    -         VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.     >•' -^-i  iN.'^  ,       51 

loss  of  time  as  much  as  lies  in  my  power,  I  shall  of  my  own 
Authority  send  off  a  Messenger  to  the  Delawares  tomorrow, 
to  make  known  to  them  the  friendly  disposition  of  Congress, 
to  communicate  the  prosperous  Situation  of  our  Affairs,  and 
to  invite  their  principal  Men  to  Fort  Pitt:  confessing  to  you  at 
the  same  time  my  Doubts  whether  they  will  incline  to  put  them- 
selves in  the  power  of  our  frontier  people,  whose  indiscriminate 
hatred  of  Indians,  has  been  such  as  to  make  them  shew,  on 
some  occassions,  little  regard  to  the  Laws  of  Protection  or 
Maxims  of  good  policy     *     *     *." 

Mathews  probably  reached  Fort  Pitt  about  the  middle  of 
March,  being  the  only  representative  from  Virginia,  thus  he 
and  Clymxr  served  as  the  commission  by  virtue  of  the  resolu- 
tions of  Congress  of  November  20,  1777.  A  very  interesting 
letter,  signed  by  them  jointly,  and  addressed  to  the  President 
of  Congress,  is  among  the  Papers  of  the  Continental  Congress, 
(No.  78,  folio  155)  and  is  here  quoted  in  full: 

"Sir: 

"In  our  Letter  of  the  31  March  which  we  had  the  honor  to 
write  you,  v.e  communicated  the  several  steps  pursued  by  us, 
previcius  to  tlic  elopement  of  McKce,(10)  to  cultivate  the  Friend- 
ship of  the  Delawares :  since  when  we  have  laboured  assiduously 
by  messages,  and  letters  to  take  off  any  bad  impressions  he, 
and  his  associates,  might  have  left  on  the  Minds  of  these  people. 
By  these  Means,  and  Fixing  on  a  new  day,  we  have  obtained 
a  visit  from  two  of  their  Chiefs;  but  as  a  particular  relation  of 
our  Proceedings  with  them  accompanies  this,  we  shall  only 
obser^^e  that  'tho  these  Indians  appear  well  disposed  to  be  in 
friendship  with  us,  we  could  not  ventiu'e  to  make  them  any 
proposition  towards  engaging  a  number  of  them  in  our  service. 

Congress  will  perceive  the  Expediency  of  appointing  Com- 
missioners to  Conduct  the  Treaty  proposed  to  be  opened  here 
the  twenty-third  day  of  July  next. 

10-This  refers  to  the  escape  of  McKee  and  some  followers,  includirii? 
members  of  the  Thirteenth  Virginia  regiment,  from  Fort  Pitt  on  the 
nii^ht  of  March  28,  1778.  They  had  remained  loyal  to  the  English  and 
appear  to  have  made  their  way  to  Detroit. 


to 


:ii' 


52        ^      .,  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

We  have  already  endeavoured  to  give  Congress  some  Idea 
of  the  weak  and  disjointed  state  of  the  Frontier,  against  which 
the  VVyandots,  and  other  Indians  from  the  neighbourhood  of 
Lake  Erie,  continue  to  exercise  their  crueUies,  and  we  have  now 
more  possible  Reasons  to  apprehend  that  so  far  from  effectually 
repelling  the  Indians  the  Inhabitants  will  rather  retire  to  the 
other  side  of  the  Mountains — an  event  perhaps  to  be  deprecated, 
less  as  temporary  loss  of  country,  than  as  it  may  produce  in 
many  an  aversion  to  the  cause,  an  attachment  to  which  has 
occasioned  their  sufferings.  And  we  may  add,  a  political 
change  of  this  nature  will  not  be  thought  improbably  to  take 
place  in  minds  ill-informed,  and  when  consequently  but  little 
steadiness  of  Principle  is  expected.  This  among  other  con- 
siderations induces  us  to  submit  to  Congress  the  propriety  of 
imn:ediately  setting  on  foot  an  Expedition,  whose  object  shall 
be  Detroit,  the  source  of  all  the  Calamity,  in  which  if  we  are 
fortunate,  Peace  and  Security  will  undoubtedly  succeed  in  this 
Quarter.  If  the  Idea  is  adopted  by  Congress,  it  is  proposed  to 
cm.i;loy  in  it  three  thousand  of  the  IMilitia,  as  we  conceive  a 
smaller  numiber  would  not  effectually  secure  a  march  through 
the  Indian  Country,  but  as  an  Assult  may  be  found  necessary, 
they  would  be  accompanied  by  at  least  four  hundred  regular 
trcops,  together  with  a  small  Artillery.  The  Dependence  for 
Militia  we  have  supposed  must  be  almost  altogether  on  Vir- 
ginia, frcm  a  presumption  all  the  force,  that  of  two  most  westerly 
counties  excepted,  which  the  Government  of  Pennsylvania  can 
draw  into  the  field  must  necessarily  be  employed  this  Campaign 
within  the  State.  The  great  Kenahwa  is  thought  of  as  the 
properest  Rendezvous  of  those  frcm  the  nearest  Counties,  to 
consist  of  fifteen  hundred  men,  and  Fort  Pitt  for  that  of  the 
remainder,  but  a  junction  of  the  Divisions  to  be  made  at  the 
Great  Kenahwa,  from  whence  the  whole  should  proceed  to- 
gether. 

Scm.e  Estim.ates,  with  a  Calculation  of  the  Sums  that  will  be 
required  to  be  lodged  in  Virginia,  to  set  fon\"ard  the  Division 
to  Kenahwa  cc;n:e  herewith  for  the  View  of  Congress. 

This  attcmjpt  heirg  made  with  so  powerful  a  Force,  we  are 
not  without  hopes  the  Delawares  generally,  with  the  well  dis- 


.3HIJ(/ 


'"«9l>fM   vf*©^!*   «>Vpd    "^^^^ 


;;,'(;.<«^ii.  rtM  '.'^  .     jorr  f/  rtB 


.■•■•1     ");-  »  rlHw 

•■•;V    ... 


; : ;  1 1 

.  -J 


0;..>:!      lO   >  iq 


od  liw  ./.  ii  .  ■;■;.•■ '  of!r  .'w  . 

CJJ 

mi:   )/ 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.     ■      '        j         '53 

posed  Shawanocs,  would  engage  more  decisively  in  our  favour, 
as  from  what  we  learn,  they  are  already  greatly  irritated  by  the 
Threats,  and  Insults  they  have  received  from  the  enemy 
Indians  in  passing  through  their  Country  to  ours. 

Nothing  material  remaining  for  us  to  do  in  this  Question,  we 
propose  this  to  finish  the  Business  of  our  Commission,  and  shall 
set  out  for  home  Tomorrow 

We  have  the  honor  to  be 

with  Sentiments  of  Regard,  Sir 
Your  most  obed*  hum  Serv'^ 
Pittsburgh  Geo.  Clymer" 

April  27,  1778  Samp.  Mathews." 

The  honorable  Henry  Laurens  Esq''  President  of  Congress." 
On  the  back  of  the  letter  is  this  note: 
"Letter  from  Commissioners 
at  Fort  Pitt,  27  April  1778 
rcc'd  6  May  ■ .  . , 

referred  to  the  board  of  war 
who  are  directed  to  report 
thereon. — " 

Thus  the  commissioners  m.ade  two  distinct  suggestions  to 
Congress,  first  the  desirability  of  an  active  campaign,  with 
Detroit  as  tl:e  objective  point,  and  second  "the  Expediency  of 
appointing  Commissioners  to  Conduct  the  Treaty  proposed  to 
be  opened  here  [Fort  Pitt]  the  twenty-third  day  of  July  next." 
Both  suggestions  were  accepted  by  Congress  and  the  campaign, 
as  conducted  by  General  Mcintosh,  formed  the  subject  of  the 
second  article  of  this  series.  The  question  of  the  proposed 
treaty  was  probably  discussed  by  the  Commissioners  in  an 
earlier  comimunication  to  Congress,  as  it  was  merely  mentioned 
in  the  above  letter  of  April  27. 

The  letter  was  duly  considered  by  the  Board  of  War,  and  on 
June  4  the  following  resolutions  were  entered  in  the  Journal 
of  Congress : 

"The  Board  of  War  having  represented  the  expediency  of 
appointing  commissioners  to  meet  the  Indians  at  Fort  Pitt,  and 
to  attend  the  treaty  proposed  by  the  late  commissioners, 


6fi 


j^«"7ii/f: 


54  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Resolved,   that  three  commissioners  be    appointed    for    the 
,' '    purpose  of  holding  a  treaty  with  the  Delawares,  Shawanese, 
and  other  Indians,  who  may  assemble  at  Fort  Pitt,  on  the 
twenty  third  of  July  next. 

Rcsohed,  That  the  governor  and    council  of    the    State  of 

Virginia  he  requested  and  authorized  to  appoint  two  gentlemen, 

■    and  the  executive  power  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  to  appoint 

one  gentlciran,  of  suitable  characters,  for  the  purpose  aforesaid. 

-'  1       Resolved,  That  Congress  will   make  an   adequate  allowance 
■*  •    for  the  services  and  expences  of  said  commissioners." 

And  on  June  20  the  following  entry  was  made  in  the  Journal 
of  Congress: 

"The  Comimittee  on  Indian  Affairs  to  whom  was  referred  the 
letter  of  Colonel  G.  Morgan,  dated  the  10'^  instant,  brought 
in  a  report:  Whereupon, 

Resolved,  That  the  Comimittee  of  Commerce  be  directed  to 
prccr.re  goods,  and  such  other  articles  as  are  proper  for  presents 
■  to  the  western  Indian  nations,  to  the  amount  of  ten  thousand 
dollars,  and  transmit  the  sam.e  to  Fort  Pitt,  to  the  commission- 
ers, who  are  to  treat  with  the  Indians  there  on  the  23  day  of 
July  next:  and  that  the  said  com.missioners  be  also  directed  to 
dispose  of  the  said  goods  amongst  the  said  Indians  in  such 
manner  as  they  shall  judge  will  best  conduce  to  conciliate  their 
affections  and  secure  them  in  the  interest  of  these  states : 

That  the  said  commissioners  be  empowered  to  draw  on  the 
military  chest  at  Fort  Pitt,  for  such  sums  as  shall  be  necessary 
to  defray  the  contingent  expenses  of  the  said  treaty." 

The  resolution  of  Congress  of  June  4,  was  acted  upon  by 
Governor  Henry  of  Virginia  on  June  18.  On  that  day  the 
following  was  entered  in  the  Journal  of  the  Virginia  Council,  a 
manuscript  volume  now  in  the  State  Library  at  Richmond: 

1  "Agreeable  to  a  Resolution  of  Congress,  Andrew  Lewis (11) 

■    '  ll-Andrcw  Lewis  was  born  in  Ireland  about  the  year  1720.  and  died  in 

Bedford  county,  Virginia,  September  27,  1781.  He  was  closely  assoc- 
iated with  Washington  during  the  campains  of  1754  and  1755.  In  175(i 
be  led  the  Sandy  Creek  exi:edition.  On  March  1,  177G  he  was  com- 
missioned Brigadier  General  in  the  Continental  army,  but  soon  r-^signed 
on  account  of  failing  health. 


w''J  VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  ,  55 

&  John  Walker(12)  Esquires,  are,  by  the  Governor  with  the 
advice  of  Council,  appointed  Commissioners  for  the  purpose  of 
holding  a  Treaty  with  the  Delaware,  Shawanesse  &  other  Indians 
who  may  assemble  at  Fort  Pitt  on  the  twenty  third  day  of  July 
next." 

And  again  on  July  4,  the  subject  was  mentioned  in  the  Journal 
of  the  Couticil : 

"John  Walker  esquire  having  signified  that  it  will  be  out  of 
his  power  to  Act  as  a  Commissioner  at  the  Indian  Treaty  to  be 
held  at  Fort  Pitt  on  accoimt  of  the  Indisposition  of  his  family, 
Thomas  Lewis(13)  esquire  of  Augusta  is  appointed  in  his  room; 
And  as  there  is  a  probability  of  Andrew  Lewis  Esquire  his 
refusing  to  Act  on  Account  of  the  Indians  having  committed 
Hostilities  near  his  house,  in  that  Case,  Sampson  Matthews 
Esquire  is  appointed  to  act  in  his  stead." 

Pennsylvania  failed  to  have  a  commissioner  at  the  treaty 
which  was  conducted  by  the  two  brothers,  Thomas  and  Andrew 
Lewis,  on  behalf  of  the  United  States,  and  the  three  Delaware 
Chiefs,  White  Eyes,  Pipe,  and  Killbuck  as  representatives  of 
their  nation.  On  account  of  the  delay  in  the  arrival  of  conti- 
nental tr.'jops  at  Fort  Pitt,  it  became  necessary  to  change  date 
of  July  23,  as  originally  set.  Colonel  Brodhead,  with  the 
Eighth  Pcnns^'lvania  regiment,  reached  Fort  Pitt  on  September 
10,  1778.  The  Commissioners  and  Indians  were  gathered  there, 
and  two  days  later,  on  September  12,  they  met  in  Council. 
The  events  of  the  succeeding  days,  closing  with  the  signing  of 
the  treaty  on  September  17,  will  form  the  subject  of  the  fifth 
article  of  this  series. 

12-John  Walker,  eldest  son  of  the  well-known  Dr.  Thomas  Walker, 
of  "Castle  Hill,"  Albemarle  Co.,  Va.,  was  born  Feb.  13,  174t,  and  died 
Dec.  2,  180^.  He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  the  Conven- 
tions of  177.5,  was  an  aide  to  Washington  in  the  Revolution  and  U.  S. 
Senator  from  Virginia  in  1790. 

13-Thomas  Lewis,  the  older  brother  of  Andrew  Lewis  mentioned 
above,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  171S:  died  in  17P0.  He  was  a  member  of 
House  of  Burgesses  and  likewise  a  member  of  the  State  convention  that 
ratified  the  Federal  constitution. 


r.     vj   i.Tii.  n 


56  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT 

16221629*. 


From  the  Originals  in  the  Library  of  Congress. 


(Continued.) 


*A11  erasures  in  the  originals  are  here  printed  in  italics. 

The  practice,  previously  followed,  of  printing  these  records 
line  for  line  with  the  original  will  not  be,  hereafter,  continued. 

[150] 

*(l)And  with  them  they  kept  ye  frigott  wch  they  had  first 
taken  and  theire  ov/ne  And  tooke  A  negro  and  A  Frenchman 
who  came  away  with  them  willingly.  And  a  Portugall  to  be 
Their  Pilott  out  of  the  AVest  Indyes  because  they  had  longe  gone 

*(1)  The  depositions  here  and  in  XXIIT,  404-400,  relate  to  one  of 
those  halt  privateering,  half  piratical  cruises  so  common  at  the  time. 
The  Dutch  were  willing  to  use  any  weapon  in  their  desperate  war  with 
Spain  and  privateering  commissions  were  freely  given  by  the  States  or 
the  Prince  of  Orange.  In  many  instances,  the  operations  of  these  priva- 
teers were  not  confined  to  attacks  on  Spanish  ships.  The  interest  in  this 
case  is  that  there  should  have  been  alioard  the  Black  Bess  two  men  who 
had  helped  to  lay  the  foundations  for  so  much  history.  Capt.  Powell 
had  cvMiimanded  one  of  the  ships  which  brought  the  first  negroes  to  Va. 
and  his  subordinate  Capt.  Jones  had  comrrianded  the  Mayflower  in  its 
famous  voyage  to  Plymouth.  Both  had  been  in  the  service  of  the  Earl 
of  Warwick.  Capt.  John  Powell  had  been  sent  out  by  the  Somers  Islands 
Company  in  1616,  in  a  boat  called  the  Hopewell;  but  had  taken  to  piracy 
and  gotten  that  Company  into  much  trouble  at  home.  In  IGIO,  in  "a 
Dutcli  man-of-war"  he  brought  some  of  the  first  negroes  to  Virginia. 
In  \(V.:'-,  the  Va.  Company  was  asked  to  allow  him  to  trade  to  Virginia, 
but  refiLsed  as  they  were  "afraid  Capt.  Powell  should  go  to  the  West 
Indies,"  and  there  return  to  piracy. 

Capt.  Thomas  Jones,  in  or  prior  to  1610,  commanded  in  the  East 
Indies  a  ship,  "the  Lion,"  belon'j;ing  to  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  and  after 
his  vovage  with  the  Pilgrims  in  1G20,  continued  in  the  service  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Company'.  In  1622,  in  the  Discovery,  he  made  a  voyage  to  explore 
the  neighborhood  of  Cape  Cod  and  furnished  the  Plymouth  people  with 
needed  supplies.  He  died  in  Virginia  soon  after  landing  from  the  voyage 
dcscriljod  in  these  depositions.  A  frigate  of  the  time  here  spoken  of  was 
a  small  sailing  vessel  and  not  the  war  ship  of  later  d.-^ys. 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  57 

upp  and  downe  and  could  nott  gett  Clerre.  After  this  they  gott 
cleere  and  came  to  ye  cape  of  fflorida  where  they  intended  to 
take  in  fresh  water  and  to  gett  some  provisions  and  soe  came  to 
an  anchor,  and  sent  to  the  shore  and  gott  in  some  Water  and 
Turtles  but  by  extremitie  of  fowle  weather  they  lost  two 
anchors  and  cables  and  theire  boate  Sunk  at  the  Shipps  stearne 
so  as  they  were  forcte  to  leave  two  of  their  Company  ashore  and 
were  driven  them  selves  out  into  the  Current  so  yt  they  could 
not  putt  in  to  gett  theire  men  abourd  nor  could  not  putt  ye 
Portugall  ashore  as  they  intended  at  any  place  where  his 
coimtrymen  were.  And  after  this  not  beinge  Sufficiently  Victuled 
to  goe  for  England  They  resolved  to  shape  their  Course  for 
Virginia.  Theire  ship  also  beinge  very  leakey,  And  sayeth  that 
they  landed  at  Cape  Hatteras  in  a  small  boate  wch  they  made 
themselves  abourd  ye  shipp  wth  parte  of  ye  rowne  house  to  gett 
fresh  Avater  but  could  gett  none  And  after  yt  ye  next  Daye  They 
gott  in  at  ye  Capes  and  ran  into  this  river  uppon  Alondy  the 
eleventh  of  this  month  of  January  1625 


[151] 
William  Gundry  of  Feversam  in  Kent  swome  and  Examined 
Sa^eLh  yt  he  was  shipt  at  fflushing  by  Capt.  Jonnes  into  ye 
blacke  Bess  and  yt  he  harde  Capt  Powell's  Commission  readd, 
and  3't  they  having  \-ictuled  at  the  Isle  of  Wyght  and  taken  in 
Some  miorc  Company  they  putt  to  Sea  &  shaped  theire  course 
for  ye  v/esLcrn  Islands  where  they  beate  upp  and  Downe  a  few 
days  and  after  went  for  the  West  Indies  and  at  the  Granados 
they  builte  them  a  shallopp,  And  they  bay  levinge  ye  shipp  at 
an  Anchor  They  went  in  the  shallope  aboute  25  men  and  boarded 
a  Spanish  frigott  but  the  men  v.'ere  all  ashore  where  they  found 
some  small  p'visione  and  certen  Raw  hides  on  the  shore,  And 
they  m.ande  ye  frigott  and  kept  her  in  Consort  with  them,  But 
after  Capt  Powell  cutting  short  theire  allowance  and  requiringe 
them  to  signe  to  Certen  Articles,  among  wch  one  was  yt  thay 
should  fyght  againste  any  whether  they  were  Friend  or  Foe, 
whereuppon  they  resolved  to  depart  from  him  and  to  goe  for 
theire  Country,  and  soe  v/as  Capt.  Jounes  for  theire  Capt  and 
mor  who  was  willinge  to  com.e  with  them.     And  furnishinge 


Ta 


dwCJl  •{ 


58  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

thcra  with  Some  provisions  and  fresh  water,  They  parted  from 
their  Admirall  and  beatinge  upp  and  Downe  one  nyght  lying 
at  hull  in  the  morninge  the  espied  this  frygott,  and  makinge 
after  her,  The  men  hoysted  out  theire  boate  and  went  ashore, 
when  the  went  aboarde  ye  frygott  and  found  never  a  man  in  her; 
but  60  live  Goattes  and  fower  pecks  of  meale  and  some  lynnen 
and  woollen  Cloathes  and  some  5  or  6  hundred  weight  of 
Tobacco  and  2  peeces  of  ordynance  and  som.e  other  small 
matters.  Soe  they  man'd  this  frygott  and  carried  her  wth  them 
and  after  came  to  Cap  Carebe 


[152] 
There  they  fownd  another  frigott  wch  ran  under  theire  lee 
they  went  w'th  her  to  the  v\-ateringe  place  And  often  they  took 
owt  of  this  frigott  Certen  Raw  hides  and  some  Tobacco  and  a 
frcnch  nian  and  a  negro  who  were  very  willinge  to  come  wth 
them  and  a  Portugall  to  be  theire  pilott  leavinge  wth  them  the 
frigott  wch  they  had  first  taken  and  theyre  owne,  And  after 
they  came  to  Cape  Florida,  and  having  sent  ashore  for  water 
and  theire  men  caringe  aboard  wth  water  and  some  Turtles, 
leaving  two  of  their  Company  ashore  for  the  fcatchinge  of 
Turtles,  By  fowle  weather  they  lost  two  Cables  and  Anchors 
and  theire  boate  sunlce  at  the  Shipps  Stearne,  and  were  forced 
to  sea  by  wch  means  they  could  not  recover  their  men  nor  putt 
the  Portugall  ashore,  whom  they  were  forced  to  take  in  to  be  a 
Pilott  for  to  bringe  them  out  of  the  Islands,  their  victualls 
being  short  and  the  shipp  leaky  they  resolved  to  shape  their 
course  for  Virginia  and  arrived  there  on  Mondye  the  eleventh 
day  of  July  1625 

[153] 
Andrew  Poe  of  Holte  in  Northfolke  sworne  and  examined 
Sayeth  yt  he  was  shipt  in  fflushinge  by  Capt.  Powell  and  Capt 
Jonnes  in  the  Black  Bess,  and  having  victuled  at  Isle  of  Wight 
they  put  owt  to  sea  and  went  forth  to  ye  western  Islands,  and 
from  thence  to  ye  West  Indies  where  they  lighted  on  a  f riggott, 
but  he,  this  Examint  was  not  aboard  her  the  shallopp  yt  took 
her.     Soe  they  mand  the  frigott  and  tooke  her  alonge  wth  them 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  59 

and  after  because  they  could  Capt.  Powell  would  not  allow  them 
Sufficient  water  and  victualls  and  required  them  to  sett  their 
hands  to  Certen  articles  the  Company  grew  Discontented  and 
soe  Capt.  Powell  bid  them  that  would  goe  for  thcirc  Country 
to  take  the  frigott  and  goe  in  her,  Whereupon  the  Chose  Capt 
Powell  Jonnes  for  their  Capt  and  M'r  and  parted  from  him 
intendinge  to  goe  Immediatelie  for  their  Country  but  their  few 
p'vysions  and  water  being  spent,  they  were  forced  to  putt  in  for 
relcefe,  And  having  gott  some  pr'vysions  they  could  nott  gett, 
findc  the  way  owt  of  the  Islands,  the  Capt  bcinge  unacquainted 
in  those  ]jarLs,  And  after  beating  upp  and  Downe  they  lighted 
uppon  a  ffrygott  where  they  found  60  Turtles  and  some  Tobacco 
and  meale  and  other  small  matters  and  takeing  her  wth  them 
afterwards  lighted  uppon  a  Spanish  frigott  wch  came  under 
their  lee  and  they  gave  them  their  first  frygott  taking  out  of  her 
some  Raw  liides  and  some  Tobacco  and  a  negro  and  a  ffrench- 
man  who 


[154] 
were  desirous  to  goe  along  wth  them  and  a  Portugall  to  be  theire 
Filott  OWL  of  the  Islands  intendinge  to  sett  him  ashore  uppon 
Cape  fflorida  or  thereabouts  when  bcinge  ari\'ed  there  and  after 
they  gott  some  fresh  water  and  p 'visions  ashore  They  left  two 
of  theire  C'ompany  ashore  and  the  weather  growinge  fowlc  they 
lost  two  cr;ijles  and  anchors  and  theire  boate  sunke  at  the  ships 
stenie,  by  means  wherof  they  coulde  not  goe  for  tlieir  men  but 
were  driven  out  to  sea,  And  after  had  no  oportunitie  to  sett  the 
portugall  ashore  but  came  directly  for  Virginia,  where  they 
Arrived  one  Mondye  the  Eleventh  of  July  1625 
July  the  xxi  being  present  Sir  ff rancis  Wyatt  Knight,  Governor 
&c.,  Capt  Francis  West,  Capt.  Roger  Smith,  Capt  Raphe  Hanor, 
Mr  William  Cley borne 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  fourteene  of  those  men  wch  came  in  wth  Capt 
Jones  shalbe  sent  upp  to  James  Cittie  wth  ye  first.  To  be  dis- 
posed of  by  the  Governor  and  Coimsel  to  such  places  in  the 
Colony  as  they  shall  thinlce  fitt,  wherof  the  Frenchman  to  be 
one,  And  yt  Capt  Francis  West  make  Choyse  of  such  otheis 
as  he  shall  thinke  fitt  of. 


«e         .TJi; 


■KlftTA'iTO 


60  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

And  ye  Courte  doth  Consent  to  ye  request  of  Capt.  Francis 
West  that  he  may  make  use  of  the  frygott  and  all  the  Tackell 
Apparell  Munitions  masts  saylcs  sayle  yardes  &c.,  now  to  her 
belonginge  or  appertayning,  Provided  that  he  shalbe  account- 
able for  the  valuable  some  of  twelve  hundred  pounds  weight  of 
Tobacco  wch  some  Capt  Jounes  and  the  ships  company  hath 
Demanded  for  her  To  any  such  to  whom  of  right  she  shall 
Appertaine  uppon  further  Consideration 

Yt  is  also  ordered  yt  the  Companie  shalbe  sent  upp  to  ye 
neck  of  lande  unto  Mr  Luke  Boyse,  there  to  abide  untill  further 
order 


[156] 
November  1624 
Received  of  Doctoris  Christmas  and  John  Shepparde  for  the 
use  of  Southampton  Hundred  fower  barrels  of  come  by  the 
appoynlmentt  of  I\Ir  John  Powntis 

^  me  John  Utie 
Mr  Pciuntis  receaved  yt  them  when  he  v»'ent  a  trading  for  the 
use  of  his  Pynnace  said  baiTcll  of  Corne 

Witnessed  by  Richard  (x)  Croker 
Receaved  the  9"^  of  December  1623  for  the  use  of  Mr  Pountis 
in  ptc  of  another  some  one  hundred  and  fowre  pounds  of  To- 
bacco, I  say  receaved  of  John  Shepparde  the  same  above 

Nathaniell  Basse 


1157] 

A  Courle  held  the  xxii  of  August  1625 

being  pr'snte   Sr  francis  Wyatt,  Knight  Governor  &c,  Capt. 

Fra.  West,  Capt.  Roger  Smith,  Capt.  Raphe  Hamor,  Mr  Wm. 

Cleyborne. 

Jolm  Sou  theme  swome  and  Sayeth  that  Thomas  Passmore*(2) 

and  Christopher  Haule  came  unto  him  for  to  have  him  make 

(2)  Thomas  Passmore  was  a  carpenter  who  lived,  with  his  wife  Jane, 
on  James  City  Island.  Christopher  Hall  appears  from  the  Census  of 
1021-5,  to  have  been  a  neij^hbor.  The  same  l~ensus  shows  that  John  Hall 
and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  also  lived  near  by.  The  name  rendered  Kcisie 
in  the  text,  should  probably  be  Kerhtt.  Thomas  Kerntt,  aged  24,  in 
1021-5,  was  one  of  Passmore's  servants. 


7.11 


J.  ■■  ,  i^yi; 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  61 

a  payr  of  covenants  betwixt  them,  the  saide  John  Sutheme 
demanded  of  them  w't  their  bargain  was,  they  said  the  cropp 
was  to  be  sett  in  seaven  p'tes  wherof  Mr  Passmoure  was  to  have 
fowre  shares  and  Christopher  Haule  to  have  three,  But  Mr 
Passmoure  saide  he  would  have  a  little  peece  of  grounde  to  him 
sclfe  for  his  wife  and  his  bcJy  to  plant  and  tend.  Christopher 
Haule  said  I  will  make  no  new  bargaine  and  yt  you  will  stand 
to  our  first  bargaine  (so)  otherwise  will  make  no  other  bargaine 
and  so  they  departed.  Thomas  Bradfiel  swome  and  Examined 
Sayeth  that  he  sitting  in  Company  wth  Passmoure  and  Christ- 
opher Haule  he  heard  Mr  Passmoure  saye  that  Christopher 
Haule  should  have  three  shares  of  ye  Cropp  and  yt  he  would 
leave  his  men  over  to  Christopher  Haule  and  meddle  not  wth 
them  and  this  was  spoken  before  this  'Examin't  after  they  had 
been  wth  Mr  Southerne.  Mr  Passmoure  called  this  Examt 
to  take  notice  wt  the  said 

Yt  is  ordered  that  John  Haule  have  his  house  and  fowre  acres 
of  land  joyninge  to  the  land  of  Thom.as  Passmoure  sytuate  in 
James  Cyttie  Island  where  he  hath  now  built  &  seated 


•      [158] 

Thomas  Kersie  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  That  Christopher 
Haule  did  woorke  about  ye  Cropp  sometymes  two  howers  in  a 
D'ye  and  sometymes  three  houres  and  very  seldome  a  whole 
D'ye  together. 

John  Buckmaster  swome  and  Examined  affirmeth  as  much  as 
Thomas  Keisie  hath  formerly  said. 

It  is  agrecde  by  and  wth  the  Consentt  of  Thomas  Passmoure 
and  Christopher  Haule  (as  followeth)  that  is  to  say  yt  ye  Cropp 
now  in  question  between  them  Mr  Passmoure  shall  have  fower 
shares  thcrof  &  Christopher  Haule  to  have  three  shares  and 
Thomas  Passmoure  to  have  the  little  hill  now  planted  with  pease 
and  pompions  to  him  selfe,  And  if  Christopher  Haule  shall 
iieclect  his  lawfuU  labour  for  ye  good  of  ye  Cropp,  That  then 
he  shall  malcc  allowance  to  Thomas  Passmoure  for  the  same. 


2f 

n't  j.'i.w;v 


I«^i] 


ti.  ri-Xin;  aa  lii 


C2  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.       .    ,,? 

Wkeras  Mousyer  Bomoimt*(^)  Yt  is  ordered  yt  Mounseycr 
Bomounte  may  seate  him  selfe  and  his  people  uppon  any  place 
About  ye  Esteme  Shore  being  five  miles  from  any  land  actually 
possessed  by  ye  Company  or  any  other  man.  And  for  any  other 
order  the  Courte  cannot  determine  before  they  be  farther  in- 
formed wth  ye  Certentie  of  ye  bounds  of  ye  lande  wch  he  de- 
sireth  to  have  granted. 


[159] 
A  Courte  held  the  xxx*^  of  August  1625,  beinge  present  Sr 
ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c,  Capt.  Roger  Smith, 
Capt  Raphe  Hamor,  Mr  Wm  Cleyboume. 
Cadwallader  Jonnes  Sworne  and  Examined  sayeth  yt  uppon 
Tuesday  nyght  last  he  harde  a  Tumulte  in  Joseph  Johnsone*(4) 
his  house  betwixt  the  said  Joseph  [and  his?]  wiefe.  And  sayeth 
yt  Mr  Bransbye  his  m'r  caled  to  this  Examint  and  other  of  his 
fellows  to  come  to  him  soe  this  Examinat  and  Robert  Crew  his 
fellow  servant  went  to  Joseph  Johnsones  house  where  he  and  his 
fellow  servant  found  their  M'r  and  Joseph  Johnsone  fallen  fowle 
together  they  being  uppon  the  bed  where  they  p'ted  them,  And 
further  sayeth  yt  Mr  Bransbie  caled  Joseph  Johnsone  said  this 
I  have  for  p'tinge  a  Newgate  birde  and  Bridewell  whore. 

George  Proust  sworne  and  Examined  Sayeth  yt  uppon 
Thursday  last  Mr  Bransbie  his  m'r  after  he  came  from  Joseph 
Johnsone's  house  sent  this  exam'nt  to  Johnsones  house  for  his 
hatt  and  hat  band  And  Cominge  away  from  ye  house  he  heard 
Mr  Bransbie  say  to  Joseph  Johnsone  yt  yf  he  did  beat  and 
abuse  his  wiefe  any  more  he  would  beate  him  tyghtlie  unless 
ye  Govcrno''  comanded  ye  contrary. 

And  further  Cadwallader  Jones  sayeth  yt  about  ye  midst  of 
October  1G24,  Joseoh  Johnsone  goinge  abroad  with  his  peice, 

(3)  It  is  singular  that  there  is  no  mention  of  this  Mons.  G.  Beaumont 
in  Hottcn,  the  Minutes  of  the  Virginia  Company,  or  in  any  other  record 
but  this.  Neill  (Virginia  Carolontm,  p.  30)  says  that  Giles  IBeaumont.  a 
Frenchnian,  arrived  in  1G23  with  some  colonists,  authorized  to  claim  the 
privile,^es  of  an  English  subject  and  establish  a  plantation. 

(4)  Joseph  Johnson,  his  wife  Margaret  and  Georgia  Prouse,  were  living 
at  yVrchcrs  Hope,  1021-5.  At  the  same  time  Thomas  Bransbie,  with  three 
servanls,  Nicholas  GreenViill,  Cadwallader  Jones  and  Robert  Crew,  was 
living  at  the  same  place.  The  account  shows  that  Bransbie  was  command- 
er of  Archers  Hope  plantation. 


iH'ii   'jnto'fJi'    iamri'l    ■j-yhy.u) 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  63 

very  far  from  his  house  and  in  great  danger  of  the  Enemie, 
Mr  Bransbie  being  Comander  of  ye  Plantation,  hath  often  ad- 
morjishcd  him  therof,  And  Mr  Bransbie  offering  to  disarme  him 
of  his  peece  ye  said  Joseph  bcinge  gott  into  his  house,  pre- 
sented his  peece  against  Mr  Bransbie,  sayinge  come  if  you  will. 

[160] 
And  further  George  Proust  before  swome  and  examined  sayeth 
that  about  Easter  laste  Joseph  Johnsone,  beating  of  his  wiefe, 
Mr  Bi.p.isbie  and  others  wth  him  Cominge  upp  towards  John- 
sones  iiouse  to  pacifie  them.  The  said  Johnsone  presented  his 
peece  owt  at  his  window  and  said  To  them  wt  have  you  to  do 
hecre,  3'ou  were  best  kepe  back  or  I  will  keepe  make  yo,  stand 
back 

Yt  is  ordered  at  this  Courte  that  Joseph  Johnsone  in  regard 
of  his  contempt  against  the  Comande  of  the  Plantacone  as 
also  for  ye  Contynuall  assaultinge  of  his  wiefe,  shall  enter  into 
bonds  of  fortie  pounds  wth  a  sufficient  securitie  to  be  from 
henceforth  of  good  behaviour,  as  well  towards  our  Souveragne 
lord  ye  Kingc  as  other  his  liege  subjects 


[ink  folio  161] 
A  Courte  heldc  the  12'-''  of  September  1625  beinge  present  Sr: 
Francis  wyatt  Knight,  Gouenior,  &  Capt'  Roger  Smith  Capt' 
Samucll  Mathewes  M""  Abraham  Peersey  m""  Wm  Clcy bourne 

Yt  is  orckavd  yt  william  Browne  Boatswayne  of  the  good 
shi[jp  called  the  Elizabeth,  shall  deliuer  three  hatts  to  m'' 
Thomas  Allnut'^'(5),  wch  were  sent  him  owt  of  Englandc,  wch 
the  said  Wm  Browne  sold  at  Kackowtan,  At  or  before  the  xix'^ 
daye  of  this  instant  moncth  of  September  beinge  mondye  next 

M''  Jam.es  Slogden  minister  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that 

he  by  the  Ai,03ntmcnt  of  m""  John  Powntis  did  paye  to  m^ 

Edward  Cage  and  m''  Tho:  Edvsards  two  hundred  and  twenty 

pov>nd  waight  of  Tobacco  for  w"^^''  they  gave  y*^  said  m''  Stogden 

Accqviianc  for  y"  receipt  therof  (w'^''  was  lately  burnt  in  his 

hov>se  liy  Casraliie  of  fycr 

(.0)  'i  hoinas  Alnutt,  who  came  in  the  Gijte,  and  his  wife  who  came  in 
the  Mar\i!_oid,  were  living  at  James  City  at  the  census  of  1624-5.  Ed- 
ward Caj^e,  who  came  in  the  Marmaduke,  lived  near  him. 


i ) 


bii 


64  ■•    :         VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Doctoris  Christmas  being  swome  (Deposeth  that  he  brought 
the  said  Accqviittance  from  m""  Edwardes  and  DeHuered  it  to 
m''  Stogden. 

Further  m''  Stogden  deposeth  y^  m''  John  Powntis  did  accept 
of  a  bill  of  dept  for  fower  barrells  and  a  halfe  of  Come,  W^''  M'' 
Samuell  Jorden  had  bounde  him  selfe  to  pay  to  m""  Tho.  Dowse, 
And  in  leu  of  the  said  bill,  did  discharge  Dictoris  Chrismas  and 
John  Hassarde  of  fower  barrells  &  halfe  of  come  dev/  from  them 
to  ye  said  m''  Jo.  Powntis  w^''  bill  he  said  he  was  y"  more  wilUnge 
to  accept  of  for  y'  he  was  indepted  to  m''  Jurden. 


[ink  folio  162] 
A  Courte  held  the  xix*^  daye  of  September  1625  beinge  present 
Sr.  Francis  wyatt,  Knight,  Gouemor,  &c.,  Capt'  Roger  Smith, 
Capt'  Raph  Ham.er,  M*"  Abraham  Persey  m'^  Wm  Cleyboume 
Walter  Horsefoot  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  the  shipp 
caled  the  Ehzabeth  was  acosted  at  Dover  for  the  King  service, 
v/hervppon  the  purser  of  the  shipp  rid  to  London  and  brought 
A  Letter  to  the  Livt'  of  Dover  Castle.  And  soe  the  shipp  was 
discharged. 

Further  he  sa3^eth  y*  John  Hobbs  a  servant  of  Capt'  Bickley 
cam  away  from  the  shipp  and  after  M"  Page  goingc  w"'  the 
water  baylie  to  y''  Capt'  w'=''  when  Hobbs  was  had  him  del'vcd 
agayne. 

And  further  sayeth  y'  some  of  M''  Persey s  men  marched  in 
thcire  armes,  before  m""  Page  his  face.  And  further  sayeth  y'^ 
one  Hugh  Symstcr  A  Carpenter  offered  m''  Page  y'  yf  he  wold 
paye  xx**  and  discharge  his  hoste  he  wold  come  alonge  w'^'  him 
w'''  Carpenter  was  one  of  m''  persyes  men 
Yt  is  ordered  in  Courte  y^  m""  Pcersey  shall  have  one  of  the  boyes 
named  Burrows  sold  by  the  purser,  or  otherwise  the  purser  to 
Compound  w">  m''  pcrsy  for  him  M''  Persy  desireth  now  to  haue 
Robert  Burrows 

Walter  Horscfoote  further  sayeth  y'  m''  Page  saidc  that  m'' 
Wake  was  to  haue  a  boy  of  his  named  burrows. 
Wm  Webster  purser  Doth  Consigne  over  to  M*"  Abraham  Persy 
Hugh  Brooke,  Wm  Larancc  and  Jane  Steckie,  in  lew  of  three 
servantc  w'''  y"  M^  and  Company  suffered  to  goc  away  from 
them  beinge  three  of  m""  persie  sevance 


','-A'J:".'<^^  '/f?EO  \o  UiLn->p  g 


'in  ;•.':  j.  .'y. 


I'lW  ,r:   ji-'ij-]   "rn   i<-  j-m 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  65 

[ink  folio  163] 

Received  of  m"  Woollrige 

one  hogshed  marked— T  D      '    '  '  '^  ■ 

one  barrell  marked — T  D 

one  servante 

William  WB  Browne 
"  his  marke         '       '   "  '    '  ' '  ' 

Ytt  ys  ordered  y*  m'  woolgrige  shall  haue  a  boye  servante  Caled 
whiffle  now  remayninge  w'^  Thomas  Spillmas  in  satisfaction  for 
his  servante,  w^''  ye  ships  Company  suffered  to  goe  away. 
Yt  is  Also  ordered  y'  for  a  kilderkin  and  smale  chest  of  Surgery 
sent  over  by  m^^  Woodall  to  Christopher  beast,  the  Colony  beinge 
in  great  want  of  said  surgery  That  not  w^'standing  of  m' 
woodalls  desire  of  hauinge  the  same  retomde,  m-"  wake  Do  leaue 
the  saide  goods  heere  w**^  y^  Phisitions  and  Chirurgions  y^  they 
be  furnished  therw''',  they  puttinge  in  securitie  to  this  Courte, 
To  pay  to  m'  woodall  in  Englande  so  much  redie  money  as  it 
Cost  w'^  such  resonable  proffit  as  shalbe  to  his  Content. 

Y'  is  ordered  y*  the  Purser  of  the  Elizabeth  shall  pay  to  m' 
Pcarle  for  G  tonne  of  beere  and  9  hundred  of  bred  W^''  they  spent 
of  his  at  sea  the  some  of  twelve  hundred  waight  of  good  Mar- 
chantable  Tobacco  at  or  before  the  last  Dye  of  November  next 
enswinge,  vppon  payment  wherof,  M"-  Pearle  shall  give  the  said 
purser  A  Discharge  for  all  the  goodes  shipt  aboorde  the  Eliza- 
beth by  m''  Benet  And  for  five  servantes  y'  rann  away  in  Eng- 
lande at  Dover,  M^  Benett  is  to  Receive  satisfactione  for  them 
in  England. 

(To  be  Continued.) 


J{ 


fi&of)  ic 


rr. 

(X 


66  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


(Contributed  by  the  late  Lothrop  Withington,  London,  Eng.) 

Simon  Aston,  Citizen  and  Grocer  of  London.  Will  2  August 
1638;  ])roved  15  August  1638.  To  wife  Elizabeth  Yi  of  goods 
and  executrix.  Overseers:  Brothers  William  Wheeler  Esq. 
and  Robert  Aston,  Citizen  and  Grocer  of  London.  Richard 
Nelme  £10  to  make  up  accounts  of  Shopp.  To  poor  of  St. 
Peters  Cheap  £4.  To  Mother  £20  per  annum.  To  eldest 
son  William  Aston  £50.  Witnesses:  James  Smith,  Thomas 
Lavender,  John  Hope.     Lee,  99.       •        ■   ''  ■  ■*'   i  -  *  ■  ' 

Elizabeth  Aston  of  London,  widow.  Will  12  April  1647; 
proved  25  September  1647.  I  commit  my  body  to  the  earth 
to  be  buried  in  decent  manner  in  the  parish  church  of  All  Saints 
Staining,  London,  as  near  to  my  later  dear  father,  John  Wheeler, 
esq.,  deceased,  as  conveniently  may  be,  but  not  with  pomp  and 
solemnity  or  mourning,  which  I  leave  to  the  discretion  of  my 
brother  and  executor  to  do  therein  as  I  have  to  him  declared. 
I  gi\e  to  my  sisters  Ann  Wynn  and  Mary  Anesworth  40s  apiece 
to  buy  them  rings.  To  my  sister  Lucilia  Dodd  £10  to  remain 
in  the  hands  of  my  executor  to  her  proper  use.  To  my  brother 
John  Wheeler  40s.  for  a  ring  to  wear  in  remembrance  of  me. 
To  my  sisters  Agneta  Moone  and  Clara  van  de  Welde  the  like 
sum  apiece.  To  my  sister  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Wheeler  a  ring  of  40s. 
price-  in  testimony  of  my  love  and  affection  unto  her.  To  my 
cousin  Mrs.  Ehzabeth  Aby  40s.  To  my  cousin  Mrs.  Mary 
Rucidiard,  widow,  a  ring  of  40s.  price  to  wear  in  remembrance 
of  Tile.  To  my  ser\'ant  Elizabeth  Comwell  £5.  To  Marie 
Buti,  sometimes  my  sen'ant,  20s.  To  eight  poor  widows,  at  the 
election  of  my  executor,  10s.  apiece.  To  the  poor  of  St.  Kath- 
erine  Coleman,  London,  and  of  all  Saints  Steyning,  40s.  to 


'rrr  ,n. 


•jf,:    *  ■  •y):iL^.'.\ni'yr.)i  uj   'iftW.  <^;  gun  £  lol  .cOt 


Vii:  '>T      'vj.l  '>.  n  U{n!  J  ,ni;-\> 


C/r...!/".   dl"        ''-i    1!     iirui) 


jauvio 


OJ    .iiO^    .iidtn/jir;   ,-.,nii;  <    Hi'.   V) 


VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.      '"  67 

either  parish.  To  Master  WilHam  Engler  40s.  To  my  three 
sons,  William,  Simon,  and  Robert  Aston,  £200  apiece  at  their 
several  ages  of  21.  To  my  eldest  daughter  Anne  Aston  £300, 
and  to  my  youngest  daughter  Sarah  Aston  £200,  at  their 
several  ages  of  18.  I  give  also  to  my  said  daughters  such  of  my 
plate,  linen,  and  woolen  things,  as  I  have  set  apart  for  them,  and 
parcelled  out  with  my  own  hands  and  set  their  names  thereon. 
To  my  three  sons,  £5  apiece  in  old  gold.  I  give  unto  my 
executors,  children,  and  servants  mourning  apparel  only,  and 
desire  that  the  rest  of  my  friends  will  be  contented  with  the 
legacies  only  before  mentioned  and  intended  unto  them.  The 
residue  of  my  goods  I  give  equally  among  my  said  five  children. 
I  ordain  my  very  loving  brother  William  Wheeller,  of  West- 
burie  county,  Wilts,  esq.,  and  my  son  William  Aston  my  over- 
seers. And  to  my  said  brother  Master  WiUia  m  Wheeller,  for 
his  great  care  and  pains  to  be  taken  therein,  and  for  a  remem- 
brance of  my  love  to  him,  I  give  £10  to  buy  him  a  piece  of  plate 
at  his  discretion  and  pleasure.  Codicil  24  July  1G47.  I  do 
further  declare  that,  in  regard  my  sister  Dod  has  shown  great 
love  to  me  in  the  time  of  my  long  sickness,  to  the  £10  formeriy 
given  to  her  £10  more  be  added;  and  likewise  that  £5  more 
be  distributed  to  poor  widows.  The  mark  of  Elizabeth  Aston 
Witnesses:  William  Steedman,  Thomas  Coleman,  servt.  to 
Thomas  Bostocke,  scr.  Proved  by  William  Wheeller,  with 
power  reserved,  etc.     Fines,  188. 

The   Visitation  of  London,   1634,  states  that  Walter  Aston,  of  Long- 
don,  Staffordshire  (grandson  of  Sir  Walter  Aston  of  Tixall),  had  issue-  1 
Thomas,  living  at  Kilbary,  Ireland;  2.  Simon,  of  London,  Grocer    who 
married   Elizabeth,  daughter   of  John  Wheeler,  of  London;  3.   Walter, 
'  now  in  the  West  Indies;"  4.  Robert,  of  London,  grocer.     As  Virginia 
was  then  frecjuently  referred  to  as  in  the  West  Indies,  it  is  very  probable 
that  the  Walter  Aston  referred  to  was  the  one  whose  tomb  is  at  the  site 
of  the  old  church  at  Westover.     The  epitaph  is  as  follows: 
"Here  Lyeth  interred  the  body  of  leftenant  ' 
Colonoll  Walter  Aston  who  died  the  Cth 
.'  I  Apr  ill  1056.     He  was  Aged  • 

49  years  And 
Lived  in  this  country  28  yeares 
Also  here  lyeth  the  Body  of  Walter  Aston 
the  son  of  Leftenant  CoUonel  Walter  Aston 
who   departed    this   life   ye   29th   of   lanuari   1666 
Aged    27    Yeares    and    7    Monthes." 
Walter  Aston,  Sr.,  came  to  Virginia  in  1028,  and  settled  in  Charles  City 
County.    He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Shirley  Hundred 


k) 


1  i^i  j:;iv1  i  J- J  '1'  J  •■!•;■  •<■ 


68  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  ''' 

Island  1629-30,  Both  Shirley  Hundreds  &c.,  1631-32,  Shirley  Hundred 
Maine  and  "Cawseys  Care"  Sept.  1632,  and  Feb.  1632-3,  and  Charles 
City  Co.  1642-3.  He  was  also  justice  of  the  peace  and  lieutenant  colonel 
of  militia.  His  first  wife  was  named  Warhoro,  or  Narbrow,  and  his 
second  (who  survived  him  and  married  Col.  Edward  Hill)  was  Hannah. 
On  Aug.  2,  1646,  Walter  Aston  patented  1040  acres  in  Charles  City  on 
Kymages  Creek,  including  200  more  on  "Cawseys  Care."  Lt.  Col.  Aston 
died  in  1656  having  issue:  (1)  Susannah,  widow,  in  1655,  of  Lieutenant 
Col.  Edwa-d  Major;  (2)  Walter;  (3)  Mary,  married  Richard  Cocke;  (4) 

Elizabeth,  married  Binns.     The  will  of  Walter  Aston,  Jr.,  was 

dated  Dec.  21,  1666,  and  proved  Feb.  4,  1660-67.  Legatees:  to  his 
mother  Hannah  Hill,  a  parcel  of  land  called  "The  Level:"  to  godson  John 
Cocke,  son  of  Richard  Cocke,  deceased,  4000  lbs.  tobacco;  to  godson 
Edward  Cocke,  son  of  Richard  Cocke,  6000  lbs.  tobacco;  the  survivors 
to  have  the  whole'amount  of  10,000  lbs.  and  if  they  were  without  issue 
it  is  to  go  to  the  other  children,  sisters  Mary  Cocke  and  Elizabeth  Binns 
20  shillings  each  for  a  ring;  a  gun  called  Pollard  to  servant  John  Mitten 
and  a  sow;  to  testators  Irish  boy  Edward  a  sow,  to  Mr.  George  Harris, 
merchant,  all  the  dividend  of  land  at  Cawseys  Care,  the  land  at  Canting 
Point  and  rest  of  estate]. 

Henry  Eltonhead  of  London  Merchant  bound  for  a  voj^age 
to  the  East  Indies  in  the  good  ship  called  the  Hound  of  London. 
Will  23  November  1616;  proved  12  February  1619-20.  To  my 
brother  Nicholas  Eltonhead  of  Greenwich  county  Kent,  gent 
all  my  estate  whatsoever  and  I  m.ake  him  sole  executor.  William 
Manley  servant  to  Nicholas  Reeve,  scr.,  Edward  Pierce  ser- 
vant to  said  scrivenor.     Soame,  22. 

The  ancient  family  of  Eltonhead,  of  Eltonhead,  Lancashire,  has 
many  descendants  in  Virginia.  Sec  Haydcn's  Virginia  Genealogies  228- 
230.  Henry  Eltonhead,  whose  will  is  given  here  was  evidently  the 
son  of  William  Eltonhead.  His  name  and  that  of  his  brother  Nicholas 
appear  on  the  chart  pedigree.  Henry  Eltonhead.  whose  will  was  dated 
in  1665.  was  a  brother  of  Richard  Eltonhead,  of  Eltonhead,  though  not 
named  in  the  chart.  This  is  evident  as  he  mentions  his  brother  Thomas 
Meares  ]. 

Henry  Eltonhead  late  of  London  Esq  deceased.  Will  27 
July  1665.  These  seuerall  following  I  doc  giue  to  my  Brother 
R.  Eltonhead  if  I  dye  a  single  man.  Moneys  due  to  me  in 
Ireland  by  bond  in  Mr.  John  Doughty's  hands  in  Dublin  £100. 
Mr.  Thom.as  Houghton  is  bound  interest  due  10  in  hundred  this 
bond  is  in  hands  of  Mr.  Walter  Scudamorc.  In  hands  of  Mr. 
Timothy  "GroUiers"  in  Dublin  wherein  Mr.  James  Buttcele 
is  bound  at  10  in  hundred.  In  my  landlords  hand  Mr.  Joseph 
Stokers  in  Dublin  £100  at  his  house  in  Castle  Street  Dublin, 
interest  to  be  paid  by  him  by  reason  I  lay  two  yeares  in  his 


.nv 


T 


VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  69 

house  and  paid  nothing  for  my  chamber  which  I  ought  to  pay 
for  after  the  rate  of  fiue  pound  ten  shiUings  a  year.  In  my 
brother  Richard  Barrys  hands  my  salary  due  from  the  King  as 
Commissary  for  Munster  £97.  Two  bonds  of  Mr.  Edwd  Rands 
£90  some  years  ago.  Two  bonds  of  my  brother  Tho.  Mearas 
£6  in  hands  of  Mr.  Nathaniell  Foulkes  he  Hves  at  the  sign  of  the 
Horseshoe  in  Castle  Street  Dublin.  I  owe  Mr.  William  Rich- 
ardson £2i.  Mr.  Clement  Hog  for  two  last  terms  Business 
£8.  Due  from  Mr.  Denton  £100.  Due  to  my  proctor  Mr. 
John  Clements  £10.  Grant  BoDk  1638-1G75  fo.  51.  Letters 
of  Administration  with  will  etc  to  Richard  Eltonhead  of  Elton- 
head  in  county  Lancashire  in  England  Esq  of  goods  of  Henry 
Eltonhead  late  of  London  Esq  deceased  on  23  August  1670. 
Prerogative  Court  of  Ireland,  Will  BDok  1658-72,  folio  165. 

William  Barlowe.  Will  21  February  1617;  proved  15  June 
1625.  If  I  die  at  Easton  my  body  to  the  Chancell.  G3d  having 
given  me  ability  in  my  lifetime  to  provide  for  my  wife  and 
children,  I  will  now  be  the  shorter.  My  daughter  Anne  having 
as  }'et  very  little  of  certainty  I  make  her  estate  worth  £303. 
To  my  brother  John  Barlowe  103  marks.  To  my  son  Thomas 
all  my  Loadstones  and  Mathematical  books  and  instruments. 
To  the  poor  of  Winchester  40s.  To  those  of  the  scale  33s.  To 
poor  of  Easton  40s.  To  poor  of  Avington  23s.  To  my  men 
servants  and  maids  half  a  years  wages.  My  wife  Julyan  Bar- 
lowe and  my  son  William  Barlow  joynt  exeeutors.  My  son 
William  Barlow  shall  have  £40  to  assist  his  mother  but  all 
things  to  her  direction.  My  daughters  Mary  and  Katherine 
portions  may  amount  to  £300  apiece.  All  such  reversions  of 
the  Church  Coppihoulds  as  I  shall  have  at  my  death  unbar- 
gained  for  and  unsold  I  give  to  my  son  Barnaby  Barlowe. 
Clarke,  67. 

About  the  middle  of  the  Seventeenth  century  a  Ralph  Barlowe  lived 
in  Northampton  Co.,  Va.  Various  references  in  the  records  there  show 
that  he  was  related  to  Robert  Parker  of  that  county,  who,  like  William 
Barlowe,  whose  will  is  given  above,  was  a  Hampshire  man.  On  Oct. 
28,  1653,  Mr.  George  Parker  sued  Mr.  John  Elsey,  executor  of  Mr. 
Ralph  Barlowe,  and  on  June  28,  1658,  Jone  Elzey  "of  Old  England" 
petitioned  Northampton  Court  that  Mr.  John  Elzey  executor  of  Mr. 
Ralph  Barlowe,  should  pay  her  500  lbs.  tobacco  left  her,  in  Ralph  Bar- 
lowe's  willj. 


'•] 


\V      qv 


70  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


COUNCIL  PAPERS,  1698-1701 

(From  the  Original  in  the  Virginia  State  Library.) 

(Continued) 

Thanksgiving  Proclamation 

Whitehall  November  ye  11*^  1702 
Sir 

We  send  you  here  inclosed  her  Majestys  proclamation  direct- 
ing a  pubhck  thanksgiving  throughout  England  for  the  great 
Successes  of  her  Ma'tys  Arms  by  Sea  and  land.  And  we  do 
hereby  Signify  to  you  her  Majestys  pleasure  that  a  day  of  pub- 
lick  llianksgiving  for  those  Successes  be  likewise  solemnized 
throughout  all  her  plantacons  in  America;  You  are  therefore  to 
take  care  that  a  day  be  accordingly  set  apart  for  that  purpose 
as  soon  as  conveniently  may  be  after  your  receipt  hereof,  And 
that  the  same  be  obser\'ed  throughout  her  Majestys  Colony 
and  Dominion  of  Virginia  under  yo""  Government,  with  such 
due  Solemnities  as  are  Suitable  to  so  great  an  occasion.  So  we 
bid  you  heartily  farewell. 

Yo""  very  Loving  Friends 
:(''  ;i.    >     .       . 't  ;  1        Rob.  Cecill 

■  i^    f  <  Ph.  Meadows 

.   ■."•- I,'  1  'i   ■ .  r,    t      r,   ,;,,        Wm.  Blathwajrt 
„,       .'  1  ,  John  Pollexfen 

Mat  Prior. 


i.n 


Council  of  Virginia  to  the  Queen  Anne 

To  the  Queen's  most  excell^  Maj*'^ 
May  it  please  yo'  Ma'ty 

We  the  Council  of  yo""  Maty's  Colony  and  Dominion  of  Vir- 
ginia after  due  perusal  and  serious  consideracon  of  Yo''  Maj"°* 


AyiA . 


COUNCIL  PAPERS  71 

gracious  Letter  signifying  yo''  Royal  pleasure  concerning  a 
voluntary  Contribution  of  men  and  money  for  New  York  laid 
before  Us  by  his  Excellency  Francis  Nicholson  Esq""  yo""  Majestys 
Lieu'  and  Governor  General  of  this  Colony  and  Dominion, 
being  extremely  concerned  that  oiir  answer  to  the  like  demand 
made  b}''  Yo""  Matys  Royal  Brother  William  the  third  of  blessed 
memory  contained  in  our  petition  of  October  ye  P*  1701  did  not 
give  your  Maj*^""  the  expected  satisfaction,  but  that  our  manage- 
ment of  that  affair  was  disallowed  by  the  Lords  of  the  Council 
for  Trade  and  plantacons  Humbly  beg  leave  in  the  most  dutifull 
manner  to  lay  before  Yo''  Majesty  our  answers  to  those  partic- 
ulars wherein  by  the  advice  of  the  said  Lords,  We  find  yo' 
IMajesty  disapproves  our  conduct  in  that  petition,  together 
with  an  account  of  our  late  endeavors  to  comply  with  yo'' 
Ma''^^  commands  in  the  said  Letter  as  far  as  is  within  the  reach 
of  our  Station  and  province. 

Whereas  in  the  first  place  we  are  charged  as  having  made 
our  application  to  yo""  ]\Ia*''=*  Royal  Brother  in  an  irregular 
manner  by  an  Agent  of  our  own  without  the  consent  of  our 
Governour  We  himibly  offer  to  yo''  Ma''*^^  consideracon  that 
as  we  were  altogether  free  from  any  ill  design  in  this  method, 
so  we  Never  heard  before  that  any  such  Rule  had  been  sett 
limiting  the  Addresses  of  Subjects  in  the  plantations  to  their 
Soveraign  to  be  m.ade  only  by  the  consent  and  through  the 
hands  of  their  Governors,  and  in  this  particular  case,  our  Gov- 
ernor had  signified  so  much  of  his  disapprobation  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  General  Assembly  on  acco*  of  the  said  Address 
that  we  judged  it  would  have  been  improper  to  have  desired 
or  expected  his  mediation  or  concurrence  therein :  But  now  that 
we  know  yo''  Maj''''^  pleasure  we  shall  take  care  in  this,  and  all 
other  applications  to  yo''  Majesty  to  observe  the  said  Rule  as  to 
the  manner  of  presenting  our  petitions. 

In  the  next  place  it  is  observed  of  the  said  petition  w"^**  was 
presented  to  Yo''  Maj*'°  in  the  name  of  the  Council  and  Bur- 
gesses of  Virginia  that  it  was  signed  by  no  more  than  four  of  the 
members  of  the  said  Council:  But  to  this  we  humbly  offer  to 
yo''  Maj'"^^  consideracon  that  it  often  happens  by  reason  of 
sickness,  and  the  very  remote  and  distant  habitations  of  many 


IT 


t»."  e^  ••i-.j.'l    t.'i'-^  -J  :  I 


EAW    *'• 


72  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  members  of  yo''  Council,  the  badness  of  weather,  and  the 
unpassableness  of  great  Rivers  and  Bays  at  certain  Seasons  that 
we  are  obHged  to  act  with  very  small  numbers :  and  particularly 
at  that  time  there  being  but  a  thin  Council  before  the  late  nom- 
ination, and  these  reduced  to  m^any  inconveniences  by  a  tedious 
absence  from  home  during  a  very  long  Session  of  Assembly, 
Several  of  them  had  repaired  to  their  homes  to  look  after  their 
business  which  Sufferred  exceedingly  by  so  long  absence,  by 
which  means  it  came  to  pass  that  there  were  no  more  of  the 
Council  left,  but  those  few  who  subscribed  the  said  petition, 
the  rest  who  went  away  before  it  was  finished  having  been  con- 
senting while  they  staid  to  the  several  Resolves  that  had  been 
made  about  it.  So  that  it  was  really  an  unanimous  consent  of 
the  Council,  tho'  signed  only  by  those  four  who  gave  their 
attendance  to  the  last. 

Besides  the  objections  against  the  manner  of  presenting  the 
said  petition,  the  reasons  for  excusing  ourselves  from  the  afore- 
said contribution  are  excepted  against  as  insufficient.  To 
which  all  we  have  to  offer  is,  that  tho'  we  were  then,  and  still 
are  of  the  opinion  (with  Submission  to  the  better  Judgements 
of  the  Lords  of  Council  for  Trade  and  plantations)  that  the 
Reasons  laid  down  in  the  said  petitioa  were  very  Sufficient  to 
justify  the  proceedings  of  that  Assembly  with  relacon  to  a  Con- 
tribution of  men  and  money  for  New  York;  Yet  so  great  is  the 
defercrice  we  have  for  yo''  Maj*'^^  recommendation  of  that 
affair  to  the  present  General  Assembly,  that  tho'  the  said 
reasons  seem  to  us  to  be  still  in  full  force,  We  have  taken  no 
notice  of  them,  but  have  used  our  best  endeavors  consistent 
with  the  methods  of  Assembly  to  further  the  intent  of  Yo' 
jyjg^tus  gracious  Letter  with  the  House  of  Burgesses,  and  to  take 
some  good  method  with  the  said  House  for  Yo""  Ma''*"*  satis- 
faction. 

And  therefore  we  doubt  not  Yo'  Majestys  candid  construc- 
tion of  our  proceedings  and  endeavors,  w"^*^  tho'  ineffectual  to 
overcome  the  general  dissatisfactions  of  the  Country  and  their 
Rcijresentatives  in  this  affair  of  New  York,  Yet  we  think  it  our 
duty  to  assure  Yo''  Majesty  that  you  reign  entirely  in  the  hearts 
of  Yo''  Virginia  Subjects,  and  that  there  are  none  in  all  yo' 


Jr.  oJ  b 


oT 


s».   Jf!nrx::;i£    b-')qy;:^.y    si*; 


••'■I J  ;?- 


.{   biUj  i.'b«'jT   Tj 


Slf;  /J  J  cot;  f';:   jyY 


oi!  j;  <  •i-.j  y.'jiji  -j/V  ,y'>rol  !iui  tu  il;)J?  sd  OJ  c 


9As.J  o^  b'-j;  .K-y 


;  }  f    ,Air>(  ■ 


COUNCIL  PAPERS.  73 

Dominions  better  affected  to  Yo""  Matys  person  and  Govern- 
ment than  they  are. 

And  upon  this  occasion  we  humbly  take  leave  to  congratulate 
the  wonderfull  Success  of  Yo''  Ma''°^  Forces  by  Sea  and  land 
in  this  last  Summers  expedition,  and  to  pray  to  Almighty  God 
that  the  remaining  part  of  yo''  auspicious  Reign  may  answer 
so  glorious  a  begining,  to  yo'  Maj*''^*  immortal  honour  the  terror 
of  yo"^  enemies,  and  the  happiness  of  all  yo''  Subjects  and  Allies 
William  Byrd  E  Jenings  J  Lightfoot 

Benja  Harrison  Matthew  Page  James  Blair 

Robert  Carter  Phill.  Ludwell  jun'    Wm  Bassett 

Jno.  Custis  -,    .  Hen.  Duke. 


Memorandum 


April  y^  24"'  1703.  His  Excell'cy  was  pleased  to  appoint  Major 
Arthur  Allen  to  be  Naval  Officer  &  Collector  of  the  Virg'a 
dutys  in  the  Upper  District  of  James  River  who  thereupon  took 
the  Oaths  appointed  by  Act  of  parliam'  to  be  taken  in  stead  of 
the  Oaths  of  Allegiance  &  Supremacy  Subscribed  the  Test  & 
took  the  Oath  of  Naval  Officer,  And  entered  into  three  sev'U 
Bonds  for  the  due  execution  of  his  Office  with  Henry  Duke  of 
James  City  County  Esq''  as  his  Security. 


Money  Furnished  by  Virginia  to  New  York 

Received  of  his  Excellency  Francis  Nicholson  Esq'  her 
Majestys  Lieuten'  and  Governor  Gen'll  of  her  Colony  and 
Dominion  of  Virginia,  three  bills  of  Exchange  all  of  the  same 
tenure  &  dale,  upon  Messieurs  Micajah  Perry  Tho:  Lane  & 
Rich'*  Perry  Merchants  in  London  for  the  Sum  of  900  lb.  Sterl- 
ing, which  said  Sum  of  900  lb.  Sterling  is  the  Quota  appointed 
by  his  late  Majestys  Royal  comands  dated  the  19''''  of  January 
1700-1  and  by  her  present  Majestys  Royal  commands  dated  the 
day  of  to  be  furnished  by  her  Matys  s** 

Colony  of  Virginia  towards  the  ffortifications  on  the  Frontiers 
of  New  York ;  but  the  Colony  of  Virginia  having  refused  in  the 


er 


u..  . 


I  <';rr'\ 


Jii 


>u 


74  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Gen '11  Assembly  to  raise  the  s''  Sum  of  900  lb.  Sterling  required 
by  the  Crowii,  &  his  s^  Excellency  having  given  the  s*^  three 
Bills  upon  his  own  Credit,  through  the  zeal  he  has  for  the 
service  of  the  Queen,  I  do  hereby  promise  &  engage  that  unless 
the  Queen  shall  be  pleased  to  allow  the  s'^  bills  to  be  paid  out 
of  her  Ma'tys  Quitt  rents  of  the  Colony  of  Virginia  the  s''  bills 
shall  immediatly  be  cancelled  &  made  void  &  of  none  effect 
Witness  my  hand  this  24'''  day  of  May,  1703. 
'  '       '''        '^  ;    ^    "     '    -  .  Combury 


Additional  Instructions 
Lurs  Sigilli    Anne    R — to    our    Trusty    and    Welbeloved 
Francis  Nicholson  Esq""  Our  Lieut- 
enant and  Governor  General  of  our 
Colony   and   Dominion   of  Virginia. 
Given  at  our  Court  at  S*  James's  the 
7'^  day  of  January  1702-3  in  the  first 
year  of  our  Reign. 
Whereas  it  has  been  represented  to  us  that  Ships  sailing  from 
our  plantacons  in  America  without  Convoy  during  this  time  of 
War  are  Subject  to  great  hazards,  and  that  diverse  of  them  have 
been  taken  by  the  Enemy  to  the  great  Loss  and  detriment  of 
our  Loving  Subjects:  And  whereas  for  the  preventing  the  mis- 
chiefs that  may  happen  in  that  manner  to  the  Trade  of  those 
parts,  We  have  been  pleased  to  give  direction  that  a  Convoy 
do  proceed  from  hence  with  the  outward  bound  ships  the  latter 
end  of  this  instant  January,  Which  Convoy  is  to  return  from 
Virginia  the  first  or  tenth  of  July  next  with  the  Trade  that  shall 
then  be  ready  to  accompany  them,  and  that  another  Convoy 
be  likewise  sent  with  such  Ships  as  shall  be  ready  to  sail  from 
hence  to  Virginia  &  Maryland  in  July  next,  It  is  therefore  our 
will  and  pleasure  that  you  take  especial  care  that  during  the  time 
of  War,  no  ships  do  sail  from  Virginia  otherwise  than  with  Con- 
voy, Such  ships  only  excepted  as  shall  have  Licence  from  Us 
under  our  Royal  Sign  manual,  our  Order  in  Council,  or  from 
our  high  Admiral.     And  for  yo""  so  doing  this  shall  be  yo' 
Warrant. 

-       •-•■-•  A.  R.    ■  ■ 


ififfl  J 


mt -t  rntfjor    >s  ^-t  vovno")  rf'->if{V/  .Yifiwiwl.  Jr 


council  papers.  75 

Board  of  Trade  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia. 

^     _     .     .    ,, .   Whitehall  January  the  2Q'^  1702-3 
Sir 

Since  our  Letters  of  the  4'''  and  IV^  November,  We  have  not 
received  any  from  you;  So  that  what  we  have  now  chiefly  to 
acquaint  you  with  is  in  relation  to  the  Convoys  appointed  this 
year  for  Virginia  &  Maryland. 

The  Merchants  trading  to  those  parts  not  agreeing  as  you 
did  foresee  about  the  time  for  the  sailing  of  those  Convoys,  nor 
about  the  restraining  or  permitting  ships  to  return  from  thence 
without  Convoy;  Her  Majesty  has  been  pleased  to  give  her 
directions  according  to  the  Instructions  w'^''  you  will  herewith 
receive. 

The  Arms  and  Stores  formerly  appointed  for  Virginia  are 
now  ready,  tho'  they  are  not  in  the  same  quantity  as  you  de- 
sired, Yet  they  are  as  many  as  her  Majesty  could  conveniently 
spare.  They  will  be  sent  to  you  by  the  first  Convoy,  and  we 
do  not  doubt  but  you  will  make  the  best  use  of  them  for  the 
defence  of  yo'^  Govemm*. 
So  we  bid  3'ou  heartily  farewell. 

Yo'  very  Loving  Friends 
Rob.  Cecil 
John  Pollexfen  Ph:  Meadows 

Mat  Prior  Wm.  Blathwayt. 

March  y«  25"^  1703 

We  herewith  send  you  two  lett'^  from  the  Earl  of  Nottingham 
relating  to  the  French  &  Spaniards  upon  occasion  of  the  present 
war,  not  doubting  of  yo''  care  in  observing  the  directions  thereby 
given  within  her  Matys  province  imder  yo''  Government. 


Governor  and  Council  of  Md.  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia 

Maryland  port  of  Aimapolis  May  5^^  1703 
May  it  please  yo'^  Excell'cy 

We  being  Sensible  by  many  signal  instances  how  ready  yo* 
Evcell'cy  is  on  all  occasions  to  promote  the  Trade  as  well  of  yo* 


CT 


ly..       . 


:■?. 


.a\rnen 


TO  aovi- 


tOTX  ^T.  Y 


76  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE, 

own  as  this  Countrey  &  others  concerned  therein,  especially  in 
the  many  speedy  notices  you  have  been  pleased  to  give  us  on  all 
occasions  to  joine  the  Convoys  from  yo'  Excell'cys  Government, 
and  that  to  yo""  no  small  trouble  &  expence — presuming  upon 
yo"^  wonted  goodness,  We  address  Ourselves  to  yo'  Excell'cy 
for  yo''  favourable  protection  to  Cap*  James  Mitchell  comman- 
der of  the  ship  Owners  Adventure  of  London  who  has  lately 
received  many  abuses  and  hard  threats  from  Cap'  Nathaniel 
Bostock  Commander  of  her  Matys  Advice  boat  the  Eagle  (now 
supposed  to  be  in  yo""  Excell'cys  Govemm*)  and  is  still  appre- 
hensive of  further  insults  from  him;  Therefore  in  regard  the 
said  Mitchell  is  a  fair  Trader  and  a  very  Civil  honest  man  (in 
his  way)  We  intreat  yo""  Excell'cy  will  be  pleased  to  grant  him 
yo"^  protection  that  his  person  may  not  be  abused  nor  his  Voy- 
age cndammaged  or  retarded  by  the  said  Cap'  Bostock 's  im- 
pressing his  men  or  otherwise  within  yo'^  Govemm',  In  w"'*'  you 
will  continue  to  oblige 
Sr 

Yo''  Ex'cys  most  faithful  humble  Serv'' 
Jno  Hammond  Thomas  Tench  Presid* 

Edw'J  Lloyd  Robert  Smith 

Wm  Holland 
'"  '  James  Sanders  '        -      -    :> 

(To  be  Continued)  ' 


I.  .,1 


uov  ■^-  A  „^  -A  :- 


Id 
isom  a^^'xH  ■*©¥ 

bttoamwE  oir\ 
riji.ncl  jixJo^  byoU  '  wha 


'")  •MWn.o'^)   fKf   oT) 


VIRGINIA   IN  1678,  .  \ '  77 


VIRGINIA  IN  1678. 


(Abstracts  by  W.  N.  Sainsbury,  and  copies  in  the  McDonald 
and  De  Jamette  Papers,  Virginia  State  Library.) 
(continued) 

July  6,  1678 
Certified  copy  by  Gov.  Jeffreys  of  a  deposition  of  Paul 
Williams  in  reference  to  what  Col.  Edward  Hill  said  concerning 
his  Maj.  letter  if  any  should  come  in  favour  of  Byrd  [indorsed 
by  Col.  Moryson]  "who  was  a  prisoner  of  Bacon's  and  carried 
about  with  him  when  Col.  \\^amer  was  plundered  for  which  they 
have  awarded  a  thousand  pound  for  Bird  to  pay  tho'  after  his 
Maj.  pardon."  Indorsed  Read.  14  Dec.  1678. 
(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


Virginia  July  10,  1678 
Governor  Herbert  Jeffreys  to  Colonel  Francis  Mory- 
son—Wrote  him  a  full  account  of  all  affairs  last  week  by  Capt. 
Jeffreys  of  the  Golden  Fortune,  and  now  refers  him  to  the  bearer 
Col.  Place,  an  eye  witness  of  many  of  the  particulars — Desires 
he  will  inform  himself  of  what  he  long  since  propecied,  what  a 
sad  and  hard  game  Jeffreys  had  and  has  still  to  play,  besides 
the  misery  of  sickness  he  has  undergone  and  is  not  yet  quite 
rid  of. 

(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


James  City,  Virginia,  Aug.  8,  1678 
Wm.  Sherwood  to  Secretary  Sir  Joseph  Williamson. 
The  peace  of  the  Country  interrupted  by  the  malice  of  discon- 
tented persons  of  the  late  Governor  Berkeley's  party  who  en- 
deavour to  bring  a  contempt  upon  Col.  Jeffreys,  their  present 
good  Governor — the  chief  being  Lady  Berkeley,  Col.  PhiHp 
Ludwell,  Thos.  Ballard,  Col.  Edward  Hill  &  Major  Robt. 
Beverley,  all  cherished  by  Sec.  Ludwell,  who  acts  severely. 
Their  faction  upheld  by  the  hope  of  Lord  Culpeper  doing 


rr  3WI  MI  jtvj^iojiiv 


'■■■riV 


(.q  .1  .ai^fiil  Lsin, 


78  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

mighty  things  for  them.     Is  hated  and  abused  for  opposing 
that  faction  &  vindicating  the  King's  authority — Refers  him 
to  the  bearer  Col.  Rowland  Place,  for  a  more  ample  accoimt. 
(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


'-''  Sept.  24,  1678 

■    ■■  '      '        List  of  Acts  made  in  Virginia  transmitted  by  Capt. 

■■'"'  Jefferies  and  received  from  M'  Secretary  Coventry  on  the 

24th  of  Sept.  1678^  Sir  Wm.  Berkeley  Governor. 
'  '•  ■     '"-        Which  Acts  begin  in  March  1660  and  end  in  October  1677. 
''^■'^  r  '"-'         1st  Session  from  3  March  1660  to  23  Dec.  1662. 

2  Dec.  1662  to  Sept.  1663. 
10  Sept.  1663—20  Sept.  1664. 
20  Sept.  1664—10  Oct.  1665. 
5  June  1666. 

5  June  1666—23  Oct.  1666. 
23  Sept.  1667.  ^^"f"" 

23  Sept.  1667—17  Sept.  1668. 
17  Sept.  1668—20  Oct.  1669. 
20  Oct.  1669—3  Oct.  1670. 

3  Oct.  1670—20  Sept.  1671. 
20  Sept.  1671—24  Sept.  1672. 

24  Sept.  1672—20  Oct.  1673. 

20  Oct.  1673—21  Sept.  1674. 

21  Sept.  1674—7  Mar.  1675. 
5  June  1676. 

20  Feb.  1676-7.  ■        - 

10  Oct.  1677. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  84.)         '•-■^'     .- vj- • 
Also  Copies  of  the  above  Acts  certified  by  Robt.  Beverley, 
Clerk  of  the  Assembly. 

(Ibid.  pp.  1-102.)  ■'•  "•'     -  ■■   ■■■  ..  '»:  ■ 


2nd  Do 

3rd  Do 

4'^'  Do. 

•■   '- 

5'^  Do. 

•  1-     .     ! 

6^*^  Do. 

>  ■■    "  ,  : 

7'h  Do. 

'  ::,',.■-■ 

S*"^  Do. 

(;n<.-i 

9'*^  Do. 

K;,.'j  :.  ^ 

''^     10'^  Do. 

'•} 

IV'  Do. 

<    r 

12'»^  Do. 

13*''  Do. 

14">  Do. 

'.■'■■"  ■ 

15^1^  Do. 

16'^'  Do. 

'■.■    .•, : 

17"'  Do. 

.■.-.   . 

•      18 'I' Do. 

Oct.  25,  [1678] 

Col.  Francis  Moryson  to  W.  Blathwayt,  Sends  an  order 

lately  received  from  Virginia  [see  23  Oct.  1677.]  wliich  will 

give  their  Lordships  (of  Trade  &  Plantations)  a  prospect  of 

the  arrogancy  of  Virginia  Assemblies — It  was   made  by  an 


.awsA.  <i*v 


r^  •' 


.dbdl  1^ 


l^oi 


!  fT  <  Y  •        1 


JdoX 


.oU 

a^ij 

.oa 

'^H? 

.C<I 

'i'OI 

a 

*•    ft. 

.<*a 

•^«^i 

-- 

'  ■ 

1 

>  '  A 

bI 

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r.M 

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;rn<>lu'~>) 

o 

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♦ 

'. 

N.-O 

w#v»o  n 


VIRGINIA    IN    1G78.  ■:     •    •    ,..  79 

Assembly  which  was  called  after  their  coming  away — that 
which  sat  during  the  time  the  Commiss"  executed  their 
Commission,  never  so  much  as  questioned  their  power  which 
was  sufficiently  understood — This  very  Beverley  (that  com- 
plained) had  a  sight  of  as  much  as  concerned  his  de- 
livery of  the  records  before  they  had  them — Did  not 
think  it  necessary  to  record  an  executed  Commission  in  an 
Inferior  Court — This  order  was  made  by  the  House  of  Burgesses 
and  not  by  both  Houses  so  he  will  see  how  unfit  Appeals  in 
causes  lye  to  them  from  the  Governor  &  Council  that  make  the 
other  house.  ,  .       , 

(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.)  ...         >  . 


Oct  29  [1678] 

Col.  Francis  Moryson  to  [Wm.  Blathwayt] — Has  sent 
the  Conunission  the  Commiss"  acted  upon  in  Virginia  that  the 
Lords  may  be  informed  the  records  and  other  papers  were  com- 
manded by  virtue  of  their  Commission  and  not  by  force  as  the 
Order  of  Assembly  imports  (see  23  Oct.  1677).  That  Beverley 
had  a  sight  of  said  Commission  before  he  delivered  the  records. 

Rej^lies  to  other  points  in  reference  to  said  Order. 

(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


Whitehall,  Oct.  30,  1678 
Order  of  the  Privy  Council  on  Representation  of  the 
Assembly  of  Virginia  to  Gov.  Jeffryes  setting  forth  that 
his  IMaj.  Conmiissioners  had  forced  from  the  Clerk  of  the 
Assembly  all  their  original  journals,  acts  and  other  public  papers 
which  they  took  as  a  great  violation  of  their  privileges  and  de- 
sired that  they  might  be  assured  no  such  violation  should  be 
offered  for  the  future,  his  Maj.  taking  notice  of  the  great  pre- 
sumption of  said  Assembly  in  calling  in  question  his  authority 
derived  to  his  said  Commissioners  refers  the  consideration 
thereof  to  the  Lords  of  Trade  and  Plantations  for  their  report 
wluil,  lln-y  till  111.  fit  to  be  done  in  vindication  of  his  Maj.  auth- 
oiiiy  and  (vv  biinging  said  Assembly  to  a  due  sense  and  acknow- 
le(l[.anent  of  their  duty  and  submission  towards  his  Maj.  and 
such  as  arc  coir.missionated  by  him — also  to  prepare  a  Scheme 


•V 


•n>>U>iv 


;„'  >  ■  \> 


80  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  Laws  &  Orders  to  be  transmitted  to  said  Colony  of  Virginia. 
(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


Dec  13,  [1678] 
Col.  Francis  Moryson  to  [Wm.  Blathwayt].  Has  advice 
that  Col.  Rowland  Place  is  lately  arrived  from  Virginia — He  is 
the  gentlemen  Gov.  Jeffreys  mentions  as  able  to  give  a  true  in- 
formation of  all  transactions  in  Virginia  since  the  Commiss" 
coming  away  [see  letter  of  10  July  1678] — He  is  one  of  the  Coun- 
cil and  a  very  honest  Gentleman — Conceives  it  necessary  for  the 
King's  service  to  have  a  true  prospect  into  the  affairs  there 
before  Lord  Culpeper  goes — Wishes  him  to  defer  giving  in  the 
papers — the  Queen  [of  Pamunkey]'s  letter  &  complaint — the 
Governor's  deposition  concerning  the  denial  of  his  Maj.  letter 
in  the  case  of  Bird,  and  the  Interpreter's  letter. 
(Colonial  Papers.  1.  p.) 


Dec  12,  1678 

Minutes  of  a  Committee  for  Trade  and  Plantations — 
Proposals  received  from  Lord  Culpeper  in  reference  to  the 
Governor  of  Virginia  (read  on  14  Dec.)  "in  pursuance  of  his 
Maj.  commands"  with  marginal  notes — Some  of  the  Articles 
are  "agreed"  (see  Orders  of  14  and  20  Dec.  1678.) — These  heads 
were  delivered  in  Jan'y  1677 (-8)  to  Secretary  Coventry  and 
read  at  the  Committee  of  Foreign  affairs  in  May  last,  but  by 
reason  of  my  Lord  Treasurer's  absence,  nothingdone — But 
on  the  IP''  August  after  a  full  debate  upon  every  one,  it  was 
resolved  as  in  the  margin  and  so  set  down  by  M'  Secretary 
Some  lesser  points  were  then  also  agreed  to. 

(Colonial  Papers.) 

Another  Copy  is  entered  in  Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  pp.  258- 
263. 

(To  be  Continued) 


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GENEALOGY. 


81 


GENEALOGY. 


The  Gorsuch  and  Lovelace  Families. 


(By  J.  H.  P.,  Baltimore,  Md.) 


(iorsiiicf)* 


A  brief  but  very  interesting  sketch  of  the  Love- 
lace and  Gorsuch  families,  representatives  of 
which  were  early  settlers  in  Virginia,  Maryland 
and  New  York,  contributed  by  the  editor,  ap- 
peared in  The  Virginia  Magazine  in  1909  (Vol. 
XVII-p.  288-293).  The  editor  also  presented  new 
evidence  identifying  Francis  Lovelace,  the  early 
colonial  governor  of  New  York  (1G68-1673),  as  a 
brother  of  Richard  Lovelace,  the  poet,  of  the 
Bethorsden  family  of  Lovelace,  and  disproving 
the  usually  accepted  statement  that  he  was  of  the 
Hurley  branch  of  the  Lovelace  family  and  a  son  of 
John  Lovelace,  Baron  Lovelace,  of  Hurley.  Ac- 
companying this  sketch  there  was  published  a 
chart  pedigree  of  the  Lovelace  and  Gorsuch  fami- 
lies showing  connections  by  descent  or  m.arriage 
with  the  families  of  Sandys,  Gilbert,  Raleigh, 
Bame,  Digges,  Wyatt  and  with  other  noted  fami- 
lies whose  names  are  intimately  associated  with 
the  early    efforts  to  colonize  Virginia. 

Since  the  publication  of  this  sketch  in  The  Virginia  Magazine  several 
years  ago,  the  present  writer  has  secured  a  great  deal  of  data  in  regard  to 
the  Lovelace  and  Gorsuch  families  which  was  not  accessible  to  the  editor 
at  the  time  the  sketch  just  referred  to  was  written,  which  corroborates 
the  evidence  then  produced  as  regards  the  identity  of  Governor  Love- 
lace, and  also  gives  much  additional  information  in  regard  to  the  early 
Lovelace  and  Gorsuch  settlers  in  the  new  world,  and  their  English  an- 
cestors. Photographs  recently  secured  of  several  members  of  these 
families  as  well  as  of  places  of  interest  with  which  their  names  arc  asso- 
ciated, also  seem  of  sufficient  interest  to  warrant  publication. 

The  few  errors  which  have  been  detected  in  the  sketch  just  referred  to 
arc  due  to  the  fact  that  some  of  the  evidence  in  the  hands  of  the  editor 
was  meagre  and  therefore  misleading,  or  due  to  clerical  errors  in  copying 


82  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  original  records.  Attention  will  be  directed  to  any  statements 
which  additional  evidence  or  a  reexamination  of  the  original  records, 
has  shown  to  be  incorrect.  While  the  reader  is  referred  to  the  sketch 
itself  for  the  evidence  which  is  there  presented  in  full,  it  will  be  well  to 
summarize  here  the  main  points  of  the  evidence  as  presented,  which 
have  an  important  bearing  upon  the  subject.  (1)  The  Gorsuch 
pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of  London,  1G33.  (2)  Daniel  Gorsuch's 
will,  163S.  (3)  Petition  of  Richard,  Robert  and  Charles  Gorsuch, 
sons  of  John  Gorsuch,  to  the  Lancaster,  Va.  court,  April  1,  1657,  for  the 
appointment  of  their  sister,  Katherine  Whilty*  as  guardian.  (4)  Con- 
firmation  by  Charles  Gorsuch  of  the  title  to  land  in  Maryland  granted 
to  his  ijiother,  Lovelace  Gorsuch,  in  1G6I.  (5)  A  letter  from  Governor 
Francis  Lovelace  of  New  York  to  Governor  Berkeley  of  Virginia,  De- 
cember I),  1C)G9,  requesting  the  lattcr's  interest  in  liehalf  of  Will  Whitbey, 
a  son  of  Lovelace's  niece,  Mrs.  i?«//jt  Gorsuch.  (G)  Deed  of  gift  of  Anna 
Todd  of  Maryland  mentioning  her  brother  Charles  Gorsuch,  1070.  (7) 
Marriai'.c  certiticate  of  Charles  Gorsuch,  1090  1,  giving  his  parentage. 
(8)  Will  of  William  Whitby,  Jr.,  1076,  of  Middlesex  County,  Va. 

Based  upon  the  above  evidence,  the  editor  in  his  sketch  stated  that  the 
first  mention  of  the  Gorsuch  family  in  Virginia  ocucrred  in  the  petition 
of  1657  to  the  court  of  Lancaster  County,  Va.,  by  Richard,  Robert  and 
Charles  Gorsuch,  "sons  and  coheirs  of  John  Gorsuch,  P'fessor  in  Divin- 
ity," that  their  sister  Katherine  [Vhitty  might  be  appointed  their  guardian 
for  their  English  interests,  and  that  Francis  Moryson  (afterwards  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia)  guardian  for  their  Virginia  estate. 

Attention  was  also  called  to  the  fact  that  these  three  brothers  soon 
afterwards  moved  to  Maryland,  where  their  names  thereafter  appeared 
upon  the  records  of  that  colony,  and  further  that  in  1609  title  to  certain 
lands  in  Maryland, granted  to  another  brother,  Lovelace  Gorsuch  in  1001, 
was  confirmed  by  Charles  and  Lovelace  Gorsuch.  It  was  also  noted 
that  January  13,  1070-7  Mrs.  Anna  Todd,  widow  of  Thomas  Todd,  of 
Baltimore  County,  made  her  brother  Charles  Gorsuch  her  attorney  to 
transfer  certain  lands  to  her  children.  Still  further  corroboration  of  the 
Gorsuch  pedigree  was  noted  by  him  in  the  certificate  of  marriage  of 
Charlc,  C}orsuch  dated  1090-1  to  Anne  Hawkins,  recorded  in  the  West 
River,  Md.  Quaker  Meeting  records  in  which  it  is  stated  that  Charles 
wa.i  theson  of  John  and  Anne  Gorsuch,  of  the  Kingdom  of  England,  de- 
ceased. The  above  evidence  from  the  colonial  records  cited  by  him,  led 
the  editor  to  the  conclusion  that  John  and  Anne  Gorsuch  had  four  sons, 
Richard,  Robert,  Charles  and  Lovelace,  and  three  daughters,  Katherine 
Whitty,  Ruth  Whitby  and  Anne  Todd.    Attention  was  further  directed  to 

*As  will  be  shown  later,  the  correct  reading  of  this  name  in  the  Lan- 
caster records  is  Whitby  not    W/iiHy. 

jThe  reading  Ru.'h  Gorsuch  is  also  an  error  in  copying.  The  correct 
reading  in  the  original  is  Kalli  Gorsuch.  In  modern  terms  she  would 
have  been  "Miss  Kath  Gorsuch." 


GENEALOGY.  "       '    '        83 

the  fact  that  the  Gorsuch  pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of  London,  1633, 
showed  that  the  Rev.  John  Gorsuch,  rector  of  Walkem,  married  Anne 
Lovelace, sister  of  the  poet  Richard  Lovelace  and  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Lovelace  of  Bethersden,  Kent,  and  that  in  addition  to  the  above,  they 
had  three  older  sons,  Daniel,  John  and  William. 

Recent  researches  by  the  writer  in  England  and  Maryland  have  added 
very  considerably  to  our  knowledge  of  the  Gorsuch  and  Lovelace  fam- 
ilies and  their  connections,  and  would  seem  to  be  of  sufficient  interest  to 
justify  rewriting  the  Gorsuch  pedigree  with  the  new  evidence  upon  which 
the  corrected  pedigree  is  based,  and  also  presenting  a  sketch  of  the  Love- 
lace family.  Some  of  this  new  material  has  been  obtained  from  English 
wills  and  parish  register  records  hitherto  unpublished.  Additional  light 
has  also  been  thrown  upon  the  subject  by  an  examination  of  certain  more 
or  less  inaccessible  printed  publications.  The  Maryland  records  have 
furnished  much  new  information  in  regard  to  the  Gorsuch  family,  while 
the  unpublished  and  recently  published  colonial  records  of  New  York 
have  cleared  up  many  uncertain  questions  in  regard  to  several  members 
of  the  Lovelace  family.  From  the  latter  sources  every  doubt  in  regard 
to  the  identity  of  Francis  Lovelace,  Governor  of  New  York,  has  been 
settled,  so  that  it  now  is  possible  to  give  a  more  or  less  accurate  sketch 
of  his  life  and  to  clear  up  the  confusion  which  has  so  long  existed  in  dis- 
tinguishing between  him  and  Francis  Lovelace  of  Hurley.  The  photo- 
graphs of  the  portraits  and  places  of  interest,  so  far  as  is  known,  have 
never  been  previously  published.  Incidentally,  in  following  the  fortunes 
of  the  various  members  of  the  Gorsuch  family  in  their  migration  from 
Virginia  to  Maryland,  a  fact  of  very  great  interest  to  students  of  Maryland 
history  has  been  established.  This  is  that  the  first  actual  settlement 
along  the  shores  of  the  Patapsco,  where  the  City  of  Baltimore  now  stands 
and  in  its  immediate  neighborhood,  was  made  about  1659  by  a  group  of 
settlers  from  Lancaster,  County,  Va.  All  the  evidence  points  to  the  fact 
that  many  if  not  all  ul  these  settlers,  were  recent  converts  to  Quakerism, 
and  that  they  left  Virginia  on  account  of  religious  persecution,  just  as  a 
decade  before  the  Virginia  Puritans  had  sought  refuge  in  Maryland  and 
settled  Providence,  or  as  it  was  afterwards  called  Annapolis,  and  the 
neighboring  parts  of  Anne  Arundel  County. 

Gorsuch  Pedigree 

In  the  Visitation  of  London  1033-5  (Ilarleian  Society;  Visitations  Vol. 
XV- [I.  327)  there  is  to  be  found  the  pedigree  of  the  Gorsuch  family  of 
Bishopsgate  Ward,  London,  recorded  in  1633  by  Daniel  Gorsuch  of  Lon- 
don, father  of  the  Rev.  John  Gorsuch,  who  married  Anne  Lovelace.  An 
illustration  and  description  of  the  Gorsuch  arms  accompanies  the  pedi- 
gree. 

I.  "William  Gor.such  of  London,  Marchant,  descended  out  of  Lanca- 
shire nigh  Ormchurch."     Married  "Avice  da.  of Hillscn,  brothers 

daughter  to  Robert  Hillson  of  London,  Marchant."     Issue. 


S6 


bu-.a 


84  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  *  ' 

•'*'  II.  "Danyell  Gorsuch  of  London,  Marchant,  late  Alderman's  deputy  of 

•- '  Bishopsgate  Ward  living  1633."     An  illustration  of  the  arms  as  borne  by 

■  ■•'  '  Danyell  Gorsuch  (see  illustration)  is  given  and  the  statement  is  made 
that  they  were  by  "Letters  pattents  dated  L577  granted  to  Robert  Hill- 
son  of  London  marchant  by  Clar.  Cooke  and  continued  to  the  descendants 
of  Gorsuch  to  bear  as  their  paternal  coate."  Danyell  Gorsuch  is  stated 
to  have  married  "Alice  da  of  John  Hall  of  London,  marchant  sometimes 
one  of  the  Bridge  Maisters."     Issue,  1  son  and  1  daughter. 

III.  (l)"John  Gorsuch,  Rector  of  Walkhorne  in  Hertford,  1633." 
Married  "Anne  da  of  Sir  William  Louelace  of  Kent,  Kt.,  etc."  and  (2) 
"Kalherin,  wife  of  Thomas  Haynes  of  Auborne  Wiltshire."  John  and 
Anne  (Lovelace)  Gorsuch  had  issue  living  1633,  3  sons  and  1  daughter. 

IV.  "Danyell  Gorsuch  aged  about  4  yere  ao  1633,  John,   William, 
'  ■              Catherine." 

No  efTort  has  been  made  by  the  writer  to  trace  back  the  Gorsuch  family 
beyond  William  of  Ormskirk  (Ormchurch),  Lancashire,  but  confirmation 
of  the  Visitation  pedigree  and  much  additional  data  has  been  obtained 
from  independent  sources.  The  will  of  Daniel  Gorsuch,  the  father  of  the 
Rev.  John  Gorsuch,  has  previously  been  published  among  Mr.  Lathrop 
Withington's  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  in  The  Virginia  Magazine 
(Vol.  XVIT,  p.  302-303).  The  will  is  quite  lengthy  and  the  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  the  Magazine  for  its  full  details.  Only  a  few  points  having  a 
'     '  genealogical  interest  need  be  again  referred  to  here.     In  this  will  dated 

'  •     ■         October  0th,  1638  and  proved  November  24.  1638  in  the  Prerogative 
■<"  '  ■-         Court  of  Canterbury,  Daniel  Gorsuch  is  de.-cribed  as  of  Walkcrne,  county 
•  '•         Hertford,  gent,  late  citizen  and  mercer  of  London.     He  refers  to  his  wife 
■'•'      '        Alice  and  to  "Mother  Hall,  deceased."     He  mentions  his  son  John  and 
i"^'      •         the  latter's  wife  Anne,  and  leaves  to  him  sundry  tracts  of  land,  rents, 
•      •        leases,  etc.,  as  well  as  horses  and  cattle  about  the  parsonage  grounds. 
He  leaves  to  his  grandson  John,  son  of  his  son  John,  certain  freeholds  in 
Weston  and  settles  certain  other  lands  in  Weston  upon  his  son  John's 
five  other  children,  Daniell,  William,  Kathcrine,  Robert  and  Richard, 
and  upon  any  other  children  who  may  be  bom  to  his  son  John.     He  also 
makes  a  bequest  of  £500  to  his  daughter  Katherine  Haynes  and  leaves 
to  her  husband  Thomas  Haynes  £20  for  mourning.     To  his  daughter 
'■'  "'^         Ann  Gorsuch  (wife  of  John)  he  leaves  £20.     To  his  ^C£f50M  Daniel  Haynes 
he  leaves  £.5.   Reference  is  made  to  his  brother-in-law  Johnathah  Browne, 
Doctor  of  Civil  Laws,  his  brother  Richard  Bcresford,  his  coscn  Mar- 
garet Browne,  his  coscn  Barnard,  and  his  coscn  Edward  Gorsuch  in  Lans. 
To  William  Gorsuch  he  leaves  his  gold  ring  with  W.  G.  engraved  in  it. 
This  will  of  Daniell  Gorsuch  is  thus  seen  to  confirm  the  Visitation  pedi- 
gree and  moreover  shows  that  there  were  two  other  children  of  his  son, 
John,  viz.  Robert  and  Richard,  bom  between  the  date  of  the  Visitation 
(1633)  and  the  date  of  the  will  (October  6,  1638).     The  Visitation  shows 
that  "my  godson  Daniel  Haynes"  of  the  will  was  in  reality  his  grandson. 
His  brother-in-law  Johnathan  Browne,  Doctor  of  Civil  Laws,  will  be 


GENEALOGY.  '85 

shown  later  to  be  the  second  husband  of  Anne  Barne  who,  by  her  first 
husband,  Sir  William  Lovelace,  was  the  mother  of  Anne  Lovelace,  who 
had  married  the  testator's  son,  John  Gorsuch.  The  exact  relationship 
of  the  other  persons  mentioned  in  the  will  has  not  been  determined. 

An  examination  of  the  parish  register  of  Ormskirk  published  bj-  the 
Lancashire  Parish  Register  Society  (Vol.  XIII)  shows  numerous  entries 
under  the  name  Gorsutch  in  the  16th  and  17th  centuries,  although  none 
can  be  directly  identified  as  of  the  immediate  family  of  the  Rev.  John 
Gorsuch.  his  father  or  grandfather,  although  Edw.  Gorsuch,  whose  son 
Edw.  was  buried  July  1,  1611,  may  be  "cosen  Edward  Gorsuch  in  Lans." 
mentioned  in  the  will. 

The  will  of  Alice  Gorsuch.  widow  of  the  above  mentioned  Daniel  Gor- 
such, which  the  writer  has  recently  been  fortunate  enough  to  locate  and 
to  secure  an  abstract  of,  throws  additional  light  upon  the  family.  Alice 
Gorsuch  outlived  her  husband  twenty-five  years.  Her  will  dated  July 
7,  1662,  was  proved  February  3,  1662-3  in  the  Prerogative  Court  of 
Canterbury. 

Abstract  of  the  will  of  Alice  Gorsuch  of  Weston,  co.  Hertford,  spinster, 
dated  7  July,  1662.     (Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury — Juxon.  17) 

I  give  to  my  crandson  Robert  Gorsuch,  £20 

To  my  grandson  Richard  Gorsuch,   £10- 


To  my  granddaughter  Elizabeth  Powell,  £10- 

To  my  grandsons  Charles  and  Lovelace  Gorsuch,  £10  apiece,  all  these 

being  children  of  my  son  John  Gorsuch,  D.  D. 

I\ly  lease  for  about  five  years  yet  to  come,  of  about  £52  a  year  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Olave,  Southwark.  payable  by  Frances  Wilkinsonne  and 
Richard  Daniell,  shall  be  divided  equally  among  six  of  my  grandchildren, 
viz.  Johanna  and  Frances  Gorsuch,  daughters  of  my  said  son  John,  Ann 
Gorsuch,  daughter  of  my  grandson  Daniell  Gorsuch,  John  Gorsuch,  son 
of  my  grandson  William  Gorsuch,  and  William  and  Elizabeth  Whittby, 
son  and  daughter  of  my  granddaughter  Katherine  Whittby. 

All  the  rest  of  my  goods,  leases,  lands,  etc.  I  give  to  my  grandson 
Daniell  Gorsuch,  gent.,  whom  I  make  my  executor. 

(signed)  Alice  Gorsuch 
Witnesses:  Edmund  Hinde,  Dorothy  Caesar,  John  Crouch 
Proved  3  February  1662  (-3)  by  the  executor  named 

The  will  shows  that  the  widow  at  the  time  of  her  death  was  living  in 
Weston,  a  parish  which  adjoins  Walkern,  where  her  husband  also  owned 
property.  Mention  is  made  of  five  grandchildren  described  as  the  chil- 
dren of  her  son  John  Gorsuch,  viz.  Elizabeth  Powell,  Charles  Gorsuch, 
Lovelace  Gor.such,  Johanna  Gorsuch  and  Frances  Gorsuch,  who  were  not 
mentioned  \n  her  husband's  will  and  who  therefore  evidently  were  born 
after  the  luLter's  death  in  163S,  while  the  will  shows  that  of  the  older 
children  of  her  son  John  at  least  three,  viz.  Daniel,  Robert  and  Richard 


86  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Gorsuch  were  still  living.  The  will  leaves  us  uncertain  as  to  whether 
two  other  of  her  son  John's  older  children  viz.  William  Gorsuch  and 
Katherine  Whittby,  to  whose  children,  however,  bequests  are  made  by 
name,  were  still  living.  The  term  "spinster"  as  applied  to  the  testatrix 
in  the  probate  was  in  common  use,  especially  in  Essex  and  thereabouts 
even  down  to  the  early  part  of  the  ISth  century,  as  the  equivalent  of 
gentlewoman,  whether  married  or  single. 

Cussan's  History  of  Hertfordshire  (Vol.  II.  Hundred  of  Broadwater, 
p.  72-85),  in  a  description  of  Walkern  gives  an  interesting  account  of 
Daniel  Gorsuch  and  his  son  John  Gorsuch,  who  became  rector  of  this 
parish.     It  appears  that  the  living  was  at  the  disposal  of  the  owner  of  the 
rectory.     After  tracing  the  various  owners  through  several  centuries 
it  is  stated  that  the  rectory  was  "Purchased  November  30,  1616,  by  Ed- 
ward Beale  of  London,  grocer,  who  sold  it  to  Daniel  Gorsuch  of  London, 
merchant,    who   presented   his   son  John   Gorsuch   D.     D.   as   rector, 
July  28,  1632,  and  built  a  new  rectory  for  him."     In  the  chancel  of  the 
Walkern  Church  there  is  a  handsome  marble  monument  erected  by  Daniel 
Gorsuch  to  his  own  memory  and  to  that  of  his  wife.     The  name  Gorsuch 
incised  upon  the  monument  is  said  to  have  been  mutilated.     This  may 
possibly  have  been  done  by  some  of  the  Puritan  enemies  of  the  rector 
durmg  the  Civil  Wars.     Cussan,  after  commenting  upon  the  error  in  the 
inscription  gives  its  reading  as  follows:  "Daniel  Gorsnor  Citizen  & 
Mercer  Of  London  In  Ye  Month  of  July  1638  Cavsed  Ys  Tombe  To  Be 
Made  For  Himself  &  His  Wife  Alice  By  Whom  He  Had  Three  Children 
lohn  Katherine  &  Mary  His  Age  Being  Yn  69  Years  6  Monthes  And  Odd 
Dayes,  Who  Died  The  Eighth  Daye  Of  October  Ao  DO  1638."     Cussan 
in  describing  the  monument  says  that  it  shows  the  arms  of  Gorsuch  im- 
paled with  the  arms  of  Hall.     The  writer  has  been  fortunate  in  securing 
a  photograph  of  this  monument.     Cussan  states  that  in  the  east  window 
of  the  Church  there  are  four  shields.     One  shield  is  charged  viz.  Sable; 
two  Bars  engrailed  between  three  Fleur-de-lys,  or;  Crest;  Issuant  from  a 
Ducal  coronet  a  Lion  rampant  or,   for  Gorsuch.     Another  shield   is 
charged  with  the  arms  of  The  Mercers  Company  of  which  Daniel  Gorsuch 
was  a  member.     The  arms  of  Hall  as  impaled  with  Gorsuch  on  the  monu- 
ment are  described  viz.  Argent;  seme  of  Crosses— crosslct  gules,  three 
Griffins  heads  erased  sable.     The  Bishop's  Transcripts  of  the  Parish 
Register  of  Walkern  contain  the  entry  that  "Danyell  Gorsuch  of  London, 
merchant  (was)  buried  Oct.  1638."     The  monumental  inscription  shows 
that  in  addition  to  John  and  Katherine  there  was  a  daughter  Mary  who 
apparently  died  young,  as  her  name  does  not  appear  in  the  Visitation 
among  the  children  of  Daniel  and  Alice  Gorsuch,  nor  is  she  mentioned 
in  either  her  father's  or  mother's  will. 

An  effort  to  obtain  additional  information  in  reference  to  the  Gorsuch 
family  from  the  Parish  Register  of  Walkern  disclosed  the  fact  that  the 
Register  itself  prior  to  IGSO  was  missing.  Through  the  assistance  of  the 
Registrar  of  the  Lincoln  Diocesan  Registry,  the  writer  was  recently  able 


4 

.SMIXAOAM  ZiW  ^^ 


n 


li 


TOMB  OF  DANIEL  AND  ALICE  (HALL)   GORSUCH 
,  ,    ..   ,    South  Side  OF  Chancel  cfWalkekn  Church, 

r  '.    •    :  ABOVE  THE  SeDILIA 


GENEALOGY.  87 

to  locate  the  "Bishop's  Transcripts"  of  the  Walkem  Parish  Register, 
for  a  portion  of  the  period  which  it  was  important  to  cover.  For  some 
unexplained  reason  these  Transcripts  are  not  deposited  in  the  Diocesan 
Register,  but  from  1009  to  1813  with  breaks  from  1G42-1G60,  and  a  few 
others  of  shorter  period,  are  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  W.  O.  Times  of 
Hawkins  &  Co.,  Hitchen,  Hertfordshire.  Mr.  Times  has  kindly  made 
copies  of  the  I7th  century  Gorsuch  entries  up  to  the  break  of  1G42. 

Gorsuch  Entries — Bishop's  Transcripts  of  the  Walkern  Herts 
Register 

1G32  July  28 — John  Gorsuch,  Rector  of  Walkem,  instituted. 

1G33  November  26 — Katheren  Gorsuch,  daughter  of  John,  baptised. 

1G35  November  19 — Robert  Gorsuch  son  of  John  and  Anne  his  wife,  bap- 
tised. 

1G37  April  19— Richard  Gorsuch  son  of  John  and  Anne  his  wife,  baptised. 

1G3S  October  16— Danyell  Gorsuch,  London,  merchant,  buried. 

1G38-9  March  13— Anna  Gorsuch  daughter  of  John  and  Anne  his  wife, 
baptised. 

1641  May  13— Elisabeth  Gorsuch,  daughter  of  John  and  Anne,  baptised. 

1642  August  25— -Charles  Gorsuch,  son  of  John  and  Anne,  baptised. 
1642 — John  Gorsuch,  rector  of  Walkem,  ejected. 

Among  the  marriages  for  1639  is  entered — 1639-40  March  15-Anna  Gor- 
such, daughter  of  John  and  Anna  Gorsuch,  baptised. 

The  Bishop's  Transcripts  are  intact  for  the  entire  period  of  the  Rev. 
John  Gorsuch's  incumbency  at  Walkem.  The  Visitation  (1G33)  for- 
tunately gives  a  list  of  the  children  born  prior  to  the  period  covered  by 
the  Walkem  Transcripts  (1632-1642).  Daniel  Gorsuch's  will  confirms 
the  Visitation  and  the  Transcripts  down  to  1638,  while  from  Alice  Gor- 
such's will  (1G62)  we  are  able  to  supply  the  names  of  several  children 
born  after  the  eviction  from  Walkern,  and  are  thus  from  various  sources 
enabled  to  construct  what  is  probably  a  complete  list  of  the  children  of 
John  and  Anne  Gorsuch.  The  only  point  of  uncertainty  is  whether 
Johanna  Gorsuch  mentioned  in  Alice  Gorsuch's  will  is  identical  with 
Anna  of  the  Walkem  Register  or  whether  there  were  two  daughters 
Anna  and  Johanna. 

The  Rev.  John  Gorsuch  appears  to  have  been  an  aggressive  Royalist. 
In  Walker's  Sufferings  of  the  Clergy,  1714  (part  ii,  page  251)  there  is  an 
account  of  the  charges  filed  against  John  Gorsuch  D.  D.  rector  of  Walk- 
herne  by  the  parliamentary  party.  As  an  example  of  the  unrestrained 
rancour  of  the  times  and  as  typical  of  the  trumped  up  charges  under 
which  hundreds  of  inoffensive  clergymen  of  the  established  church  were 
persecuted  and  deprived  of  their  livings,  the  charges  are  of  sufficient  in- 
terest to  publish,  although  some  of  the  phrases  employed  are  too  coars^i 
to  reprint.     The  date  here  given  is  obviously  incorrect  and  should  read 


T8 


88  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  '''' 

1642  instead  of  1652.  The  account  in  part  is  as  follows:  "In  1652.  He 
was  the  son  of  Daniel  Gorsuch,  of  London,  Mercer.  The  Charge  against 
him  was  the  Hackney  one  of  Drunkenness,  as  also  Gaming,  seldom 
appearing  in  the  pulpit,  and  observing  the  Orders  of  the  Church.  But 
that  which  carrieth  the  greatest  Vonom  in  it  is  that  he  had  'Endeavored 
to  hire  one  Jones  to  ride  a  Troop-Horse  for  Prince  Rupert,  to  serve  under 
him  against  the  Parliament, ,  and  had  pub- 
lished a  wicked  Libel  against  the  Parliament,  that  some  of  the  Lords 
who  he  named  were  Fools,  Bastards  and  Cuckolds.  And  if  this  be  not 
enough  to  make  him  Scandalous  and  Malignant,  I  know  not  what  is.' 
He  had  been  presented  to  the  Living  by  his  Father;  who  if  I  mistake  not 
had  also  built  a  new  Parsonage-House  from  the  Ground,  before  he  gave 
his  son  a  Living."  Cussan's  History  of  Hertfordshire  (idem)  throws 
additional  light  upon  John  Gorsuch's  eviction.  It  quotes  the  following 
order  under  date  of  October  26,  1647  contained  in  the  Accounts  of  Plun- 
dered Ministers  (Add.  Mss.  15671,  fol.  253  Brit.  Mus.)  "Upon  Com- 
plaint made  by  Mr.  Nath:  Ward  to  whom  ye  Rectorie  of  Walkerne  in  ye 
County  of  Harford  is  sequestered  that  Doctor  Gorsuch  from  whom  ye 
same  is  secjuestered  hath  in  com  tempt  of  the  sd.  Sequestracon  taken 
awaie  by  force  &  detained  from  ye  said  Mr.  Ward  the  corne  of  the  gleab 
of  good  value  to  the  great  p'iudice  of  the  said  Mr.  Ward.  It  is  therefore 
ordered  that  the  wife  of  the  said  Doctor  Gorsuch  doe  shew  cause  before 
this  Comittce  on  the  ISth  day  of  November  next  whereof  shee  the  said 
Mrs.  Gorsuch  should  not  bee  debarred  of  the  20  li  a  years  granted  her 
in  lieu  of  the  5th  pt.  for  ye  saide  wronge  &  contempt  &  in  case  the  said 
Mr.  Ward  shall  forbeare  paymt  of  the  said  20  li  a  yeare  unto  her  in  the 
mean  tyme.  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  detainer  shall  not  be  accompted 
a  contempt  of  the  said  order  of  this  Comittee."  Cussan  adds  that  the 
Commissioners  appointed  by  Parliament  in  1650  reported  that  the 
Walkern  rectory  was  a  "Rectory  prcscntative  of  the  value  of  £160  and 
then  held  by  Mr.  Simon  Smeath."  It  is  also  stated  by  Cussan  that 
there  is  a  note  made  about  1740  by  the  Revd.  Thomas  Tipping, 
Vicar  of  Ardeley  in  a  copy  of  Chauncy's  Historical  Antiquities  of 
Hertfordshire  which  reads:  "Dr.  Gorsuch  was  smothered  in  a  Hay- 
mow. Fairclough  of  Weston  acting  Rascal!  under  Manchester,  set  a 
body  of  rebels  to  Seize  and  eject  Gorsuch  for  Smeath,  Vicar  of  Weston. 
Gorsuch  betook  himself  to  ye  Haymow  &  there  lost  his  life.  He  left  a 
very  good  name."  It  seems  possible  that  Gorsuch  dissatisfied  with  this 
meagre  allowance  lost  his  life  about  1647  in  attempting  to  assert  his  legal 
rights,  if  the  story  related  by  the  Vicar  of  Ardley  is  really  authentic. 
On  the  other  hand  it  is  just  possible  that  the  story  of  his  death  was  fabri- 
cated to  facilitate  his  escape,  although  certainly  there  is  no  authentic 
record  of  him  either  in  England  or  Virginia  after  this  time.  It  is  an 
interesting  fact  that  Smeath  for  whom  he  was  ejected  and  who  then 
became  rector  of  Walkern,  was  the  vicar  of  Weston,  the  parish  adjoining 
Walkern.     The  Gorsuch  family  also  owned  property  in  Weston  and  lived 


GENEALOGY.  -     .  .       .    ■  gg 

there  after  the  eviction  and  prior  to  their  emigration  to  Virginia.  It  is  to 
be  noted  that  the  Vicar  of  Ardley  bears  witness  as  to  John  Gorsuch's 
good  name,  while  as  regards  the  motive  for  the  charges  made  against 
him  we  need  not  go  further  for  an  explanation  than  the  desire  of  Smeath, 
vicar  of  the  adjoining  parish  of  Weston  to  obtain  the  more  lucrative 
living  at  Wal kern  and  its  new  parsonage.  An  able  assistant  was  found 
in  "Fairclough  of  Weston,  acting  Rascall  under  Manchester"  who  seems 
to  have  brought  to  fruition  the  ambitions  of  the  vicar  of  Weston. 

The  Gorsiicb  family  next  reappear  in  Virginia.  The  Virginia  Land 
Office  records  show  that  a  patent  was  issued  February  22,  1G52  to  Theo. 
Hoane  for  720  acres  of  land  on  the  north  side  of  the  Rappahannock  River, 
for  the  transportation  of  fifteen  persons  into  this  colony.  The  names  of 
Elizabeth, Charles,  Lovelace  and  Kath:  Gorsuch  head  the  list  of  "rights." 
The  fact  that  the  patent  to  Theo.  Hoane  was  issued  at  this  date  does  not 
mean  that  the  individuals  for  whose  transportation  he  received  his  land, 
may  not  have  been  brought  over  by  him  some  time  previously.  The 
Virginia  records  do  not  show  when  or  how  Anne  Gorsuch  the  mother 
or  lier  children  Robert,  Richard  and  Anna  came  to  the  colony.  It  seems 
probable  thai  they  were  the  first  to  arrive  and  were  followed  later  by 
the  three  younger  children,  Elizabeth,  Charles  and  Lovelace  under  the 
charge  of  their  oldest  sister  Katherine.  That  their  mother  had  probably 
come  to  Virginia  as  early  as  ICol  is  shown  by  the  administration  granted 
upon  her  estate  in  England  recently  discovered  by  the  writer.  "Letters 
of  administration  issued  2  June  1G.j2  to  Daniel  Gorsuch  son  of  Anne  Gor- 
such, late  of  We.-:ton  Co.  Hertford,  but  deceased  in  parts  beyond  the 
seas,  widow" (Prerogative  Court  Canterbury;  Admons.  1G52).  While  this 
shows  almoU  conclusively  that  Anne,  the  widow  of  John  Gorsuch,  died 
either  in  Virginia  or  at  sea,  it  does  not  support  the  supposition  bj'  Bruce 
(Institutional  History  of  Virginia  in  the  Seventeenth  Century,  Vol.  I, 
p.  17'J)  and  others,  that  her  husband  ever  lived  in  Virginia.  This  assump- 
tion would  ajjpear  to  be  based  entirely  upon  the  [petitions  of  16o7  to  the 
Lancaster  County,  Virginia,  court  for  the  appointment  of  guardians  for 
some  of  the  children  of  "John  Gorsuch,  professor  in  Divinity,  dec'd." 
Even  if  the  story  of  John  Gorsuch's  death  by  sufTocalion  in  the  hay  mow 
sometime  about  the  year  lGf7,  be  regarded  with  suspicion,  this  admin- 
istration  upon  Anne  Gorsuch's  estate  shows  that  she  was  a  widow  as 
early  as  1652.  The  explanation  for  the  emigration  of  the  widow  Gorsuch 
and  her  younger  children  to  Virginia  is  probably  to  be  found  in  her  brother 
Colonel  Francis  Lovelace's  association  with  that  colony.  It  will  be  re- 
called that  in  1G.>2  Francis  Lovelace,  who  was  then  in  Virginia,  was  en- 
trusted by  Berkeley,  with  the  consent  of  the  Parliamentary  commission, 
to  carry  to  Charles  the  Second  the  news  of  the  surrender  to  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  Parliament  of  this  colony  (vid.  Francis  Lovelace). 
The  numerous  connections  between  the  Lovelace  family  and  various 
persons  prominent  in  the  early  settlement  of  Virginia  have  already  been 
shown  by  the  editor  in  the  chart  pedigree  which  accomp.anied  the  sketch 


90  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  family  in  this  Magazine,  and  seem  sufficient  to  explain  why  Anne 
Gorsuch  selected  Virginia  as  the  place  where  her  younger  children  should 
cast  their  fortunes. 

The  Rev.  John  Gorsuch  married  Anne  Lovelace,  the  daughter  of  Sir 
William  Lovelace,  Knighl,  of  Bethersden,  Kent,  and  his  wife  Anne  Barne. 
She  was  the  sister  of  Richard  Lovelace,  the  poet  and  cavalier,  and  of  Col. 
Francis  Lovelace,  Governor  of  New  York.  This  marriage  is  proven  not 
only  by  the  Gorsuch  pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of  London  already  re- 
ferred to,  but  is  confirmed  by  the  will  of  her  mother  "Dame  Anne  Love- 
lace," in  1632,  which  makes  mention  of  "Anne  Corsage,  my  daughter," 
to  whom  she  bequeaths  "my  third  suit  of  diaper  which  I  made  in  the 
Low  Countries,"  and  also  refers  to  "Daniell  Gorsage  and  his  wife  and  my 
son  Gorsage."  Under  the  will  of  her  father,  Sir  William  Lovelace, 
dated  1622,  his  daughter  Anne  Lovelace  was  left  by  him  "all  my  stock 
and  adventures  in  the  East  India  Company  with  all  the  profits  thereon 
to  be  paid  her  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  or  marriage."  Full  abstracts 
of  these  wills  will  appear  later  in  an  account  of  the  Lovelace  family.  The 
exact  date  of  Anne  (Lovelace)  Gorsuch's  birth  is  not  known,  but  as  her 
eldest  son  was  born  in  1G2S  or  1629,  it  would  appear  that  she  was  married 
not  later  than  1628.  She  was  probably  born  about  1610.  She  died,  as 
has  been  stated,  early  in  1652  "in  parts  beyond  the  seas,"  doubtless  in 
Virginia. 

The  additional  information  which  has  come  to  light  since  the  sketch  of 
the  family  by  the  editor,  which  appeared  a  few  years  ago  in  the  Magazine, 
was  written,  requires  the  correction  of  a  few  minor  errors  found  there  as  re- 
gards some  of  the  children  of  John  and  Anne  Gorsuch.  In  the  sketch  there 
was  published  in  full  (page  28S)  a  letter  dated  December  6,  1669,  from 
Francis  Lovelace,  then  Governor  of  New  York,  to  Governor  Berkeley 
of  Virginia,  in  which  Lovelace  refers  to  the  appointment  of  "Mr.  Tho. 
Todd  of  Mockjack  bay — Guardian  to  the  will  Whitbey's  son  by  my  niece 
Mrs.  Ruth  Gorsuch."  As  no  reference  to  a  daughter  of  John  and  Anne 
Gorsuch  named  Ruth  has  ever  been  found  elsewhere,  and  as  it  is  definitely 
known  from  the  will  of  John  Gorsuch's  mother,  Alice  Gorsuch,  that  the 
eldest  daughter  Katherine  married  a  man  named  Whittby  and  had  by 
him  two  children,  William  and  Elizabeth,  it  has  seemed  advisable  to 
have  the  contemporary  copy  of  the  letter  in  question  now  in  the  Con- 
gressional Library  among  the  "Virginia  Miscellaneous"  of  the  Thomas 
Jefferson  Collection,  reexamined  to  determine  whether  an  error  had  not 
been  made  in  deciphering  or  copying  the  name  in  question.  A  tracing 
of  the  name  kindly  made  by  one  of  the  Library  staff,  very  recently  ob- 
tained for  me  by  the  editor  of  the  Magazine,  who  has  assisted  me  in 
every  way  in  his  power  to  straighten  out  these  matters,  shows  that  the 
proper  reading  is  Kalli  Gorsuch,  which  makes  the  entire  matter  perfectly 
clear,  thus  corroborating  the  will  and  establishing  the  fact  that  Kath- 
erine Gorsuch  married  William  Whitby,  and  that  there  was  no  daughter 
named  Ruth  Gorsuch.     An  error  which  has  also  occurred  in  transcribing 


.tWf 


nv 


ai  ^c-'ij'M  oi 


<tiii.j  111  '  ji'i/i  li' 


GENEALOGY. 


91 


he  Lancaster  records,  previously  referred  to  in  a  footnote,  by  which 

wtiur^  ,  H  T'"  '^""''  "  "— -ly  -ade  to  read  Katherine 
n  fully  anc]  wh:ch  gave  rise  to  an  erroneous  conclusion  that  one  of  the 
Gorsuch  sisters  married  a  Whitty  and  another  sister  a  Whitby,  would 
seem  to  make  it  advisable  to  publish  here  in  full  the  petitions  and  orders 
of     he  Lancaster  Court  as  very  recently  transcribed  for  the  present 

Robert  &  Charles  Gorsuch.  sonnes  &  Coheirs  of  John  Gorsuch,  professo; 
of  Divinity,  dec'd^did  by  their  petition  presented  to  this  Court  noiate  (? 
that  their  sister  Katheryn  Whitby,  widd.  their  guardian  for  such  estate 
as  doth  any  ways  belong  to  them  in  Englande.     The  Court  taking  the 
question  into  consideration  did  accordingly  admitt  &  approve  of   the  s'd 
Katheryn  guardian  according  to  the  request  of  petitioners.     At  this 
Court  persona  ly  appearing  Richard,  Robert  &  Charles  Gorsuch  sonnes 
&  Coheirs  of  John  Gorsuch,  professor  in  Divinity,  dec'd.  did  by  their 
pe  1  ion  presented  to  this  court  noiate  (?)  that  Francis  Morrison  Esc^ 
their  guardian  for  such  estate  as  doth  any  ways  belong  to  them  in  Vir- 
ginia, craving  this  court  to  admit  thereof,  of  such  request  this  Court 
taking  consideration  did  admitt  &  approve  of  the  s^  Coll.  Franc 
Morrison    according    to    the    request    of    the    petitioners.     (Lanc'te 
County  Records  Vol.  1656-LXVI  p.  7).  ancasier 

A  brief  statement  of  ceriain  facts  known  in  regard  to  the  twelve  children 
of  John  and  Anne  (Lovelace)  Gorsuch,  before  considering  each  child  sco" 

t"e  thfrd"        W  ;;'"  '^  °^"^^"^^-     ^^  ^^^-^^  ^^^  ^'^'-'-^'  Daniel  and 

c\a  d   o  T  T  """"^'  •"  ^"^'''^"^-     Nothing  is  really  known  in 

been  thl  T  ''"  "^"^^  "'  '"  ^'^^"^  '°  ^'•^"^•^^'  ^^o  appears  to  have 

been  the  youngest  son;  possibly  neither  of  them  reached  maturity.     Nor 

fereCc    tor''""^'  '"°T  '"  "^^^'  ^°  J^^^""^  °^^-  ^^an^  mere 
possible  t.tth"         ^-"dmother's  will.     As  already  stated,  it  seems 

known        ;        ?r  ""'"?  "  ""'''''''  "  "^^'^'^'°"  °f  ^""''^'  ^hose  history  is 
known.     I   so  the  number  of  children  is  reduced  to  eleven.     Seven  of  the 

Char?"  Ir  :''■  ^'^'^""^'  ^°'^^^^'  ^-^-d-  A"-'  EH.abeth 
se  tlin^;'Tn  T''<^'  ''"'  '°  ^"^^'"'^^  "^°"'  ^«^-  ^'  thereabouts 
w-  rd  .o  .  h"  ^°"'^'  ^-ih.unc  marrying  in  Virginia  and  aflerl 
Im  1     h    '"ir^o  "^  '    "u""^  '"  ^"2''''"^^'  '^'  °^'^-  ^i-  ^^-"-ving  to  Mary- 

^e  P  uau     o       "  "I''"  '  '"^'  ^^^"  '^^^^'  ^^■^^''"''  -  ^'-  -^^h  side  of 
the  I  atapsco  nvcr  at  or  near  where  the  city  of  Baltimore  now  stands 
Anna,   whose  husband  Captain  Thomas  Todd  of  Gloucester  Countv* 
K-  ulednc  "'^    '    "'"'^^    °"    ^'^    ^^^^'^^^°    ^  ^-^    y--    later,    ad 

cavl  '    vi  "n         r^r^f  ^;^°'^'''''  ^'"^"^  ^°  ^^^^  ^°th  married  before 
AnnTfJ    '  ;  '''  ^^'■^"'^  ""^  '^^h^'^a^  T°dd  and  his  wife 

Anna  remained  as  permanent  settlers  on  the  Patapsco      Richard  and 

fo^a  few        "^^  ^"'  ^'^  ^°^^^"^'  ^''^^^  ---"-^^  '"  Baltiitre  Coun  y 
for  a  few  years,  later  moved  to  Talbot  County  on  the  Eastern  Shored 


19 


92  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

with  which  section  they  were  afterwards  identified.  Robert  Gorsuch 
returned  to  England  a  few  years  after  coming  to  Maryland,  and  does  not 
reappear  in  the  colonies.  Several  of  the  Gorsuch  brothers  and  sisters 
who  came  to  Maryland  were  Quakers.  Whether  they  became  converted 
to  Quakerism  in  Virginia  and  emigrated  to  Maryland  on  account  of  the 
repressive  measures  exerted  against  this  sect  in  Virginia  at  this  time, 
cannot  be  certainly  determined,  but  seems  very  probable.  It  is  certain 
that  Charles  and  Lovelace  Gorsuch  were  Quakers,  as  their  names  figure 
conspicuously  in  the  Maryland  Quaker  records.  The  same  may  be  said 
of  the  Powell  family.  Nothing  certain  has  been  learned  of  the  religious 
afhliations  of  Richard  or  Robert  Gorsuch,  although  a  deed  from  Richard 
Gorsuch  to  Thomas  Powell  dated  "the  12th  day  of  the  11th  month  called 
February"  has  a  distinct  Quaker  flavor.  There  is  nothing  to  suggest 
that  Thomas  Todd  or  his  wife  were  Quakers. 

The  record  of  the  establishment  of  this  little  colony  stretched  along 
the  north  shore  of  the  Patapsco  and  made  up  of  various  members  of  the 
Gorsuch  family  would  appear  to  begin  with  an  entry  in  the  Maryland 
Land  Oihce  records  which  reads  "July  16,  1659,  Warrants  granted  the 
undersigned  conditionally  that  they  enter  Rights  and  seat  their  land 
between  this  and  the  25th  of  March  next:  Thomas  Powell  700  acres; 
Walter  Dickinson  600  acres;  Robert  Gorsuch  300  acres;  Richard  Gorsuch 
300  acres;  Howell  Powell  300  acres;  William  Ball  500  acres;  William 
Clapman  jur.  500  acres;  Richard  Ball  500  acres;  Thos.  Humphry  600  acres; 
Hugh  Kcnsey  400  acres  (Md.  Patents  Vol.  IV,  fol.  51).  Most  of  these 
names  occur  soon  after  in  the  Quaker  records  of  the  province,  so  that  it 
seems  C[uite  probable  that  they  were  a  little  group  of  Quaker  colonists 
who  had  come  up  from  Virginia  to  take  up  the  recently  opened  lands  on 
the  Patapsco  in  Baltimore  County,  which  appears  to  have  been  erected 
into  a  county  this  same  year.  The  Gorsuches,  Powells,  Claphams, 
Dickensons,  Balls,  Kinseys  (Kenseys)  and  Humphreys  are  known  to  have 
come  from  Lancaster  County,  while  the  Todds,  who  came  a  year  or  two 
later,  were  from  Gloucester.  That  the  conditions  in  regard  to  entering 
their  rights  and  seating  their  lands  were  complied  with  by  the  warrantees, 
is  shown  by  the  subsequent  entries  in  the  records  of  the  Land  Ofhce  of 
certificates  of  survey,  and  finally  by  the  issuance  of  patents  to  all  whose 
names  appear  in  the  warrant  of  1659.  July  28,  1659  a  tract  of  500  acres 
called  "Gorsuch"  was  surveyed  for  RoVjert  Gorsuch,  planter,  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Patapsco  river  "respecting"  (i.  e.  opposite)  the  land  of  Hugh 
Kcnsey  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  (Md.  Patents,  Vol.  IV,  fol.  22S), 
and  a  patent  issued  February  13,  1659-60  (Idem.  fol.  322).  July  29.  1659 
a  tract  called  "Richardson"  of  500  acres  was  surveyed  for  Richard  Gor- 
such, planter,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  east  of  Welshman's 
Creek,  and  the  patent  issued  February  14,  1659-60  (Idem.  fol.  234  &  311). 
Thomas  Powell  and  Richard  Gorsuch  May  13,  16G1  entered  rights  for 
transporting  various  members  of  the  Powell  and  Gorsuch  families  into 
Maryland  (Idem.  fol.  551).  As  will  be  shown  later  the  Powells  were  from 
Corotoman  River,  Lancaster  County  (see  Elizabeth  Gor.sucli)-  Love- 
lace Gorsuch,  August  1,  1661,  had  surveyed  for  him  "Cold  Comfort"  50 


J't.' 


GENEALOGY.  93 

acres  on  the  north  side  of  the  middle  branch  of  the  Patapsco  (Idem.  Vol. 
V,  fol.  18).  Charles  Gorsuch,  August  3,  1G61  had  surveyed  for  him 
"Whetstone  Point"  50  acres,  comprising  that  part  of  the  present  city 
of  Baltimore  now  occupied  in  part  by  Fort  McHcnry.  Among  the  others 
who  received  lands  on  the  Patapsco  under  the  warrant  of  July  IG,  1G59, 
William(CIapman)  Clapham,  Jur.  is  referred  to  a  few  years  later  in  a  power 
of  attorney  from  Thomas  Todd,  dated  1G70,  empowering  Todd  to  transfer 
lands  which  Clapham  had  taken  up  in  Baltimore  County,  as  "William 
Clapham  of  Lancaster  County,  Va."  (Baltimore  Deeds  I.  R.:P.  P.  fol. 
88).  William  Ball  and  Richard  Ball,  each  of  whom  received  warrants 
for  500  acres  (,f  land  under  the  warrant  of  1G59  and  became  settlers  on  the 
Patapsco,  have  been  shown  by  Dr.  Christoi^hcr  Johnston  to  be  the  sons 
of  Colonel  William  Ball,  of  Lancaster  County,  the  progenitor  of  the  dis- 
tinguished Virginia  !"amily  of  that  name  (Virginia  Mag.  Vol.  VII  p.  440 
and  Vol.  VIII  p.  SO).  Hugh  Kinsey  and  Thomas  Humphrey  have  been 
shown  by  Mr.  Miles  Wh.ite,  in  his  Ancestry  of  Johns  Hopkins,  to  have 
also  come  from  Lancaster  County  (Publications  Southern  Historical 
Association..  Vols.  IV.  p.  395  and  V,  p.  300).  Walter  Dickenson,  another 
one  of  the  warrantees  w^ho  patented  land  on  the  Patapsco  is  without 
doul:it  the  individual  of  the  same  name  who  appears  in  1654  among  the 
tithables  of  Lancaster  County  (Va.  Mag.  Vol.  V,  p.  158  el  seq.)  It  seems 
highly  probable  that  an  investigation  of  the  headrights  which  these 
settler.i  from  Lancaster  brought  into  the  province,  would  show  that  very 
many  of  these  were  also  from  Lancaster. 

That  a  vltv  considerable  proportion  of  the  early  settlers  in  Maryland 
drifted  v.p  the  Chesapeake  from  Virginia,  has  always  been  known.  While 
lands  along  the  Patapsco  had  been  patented  by  a  few  prominent  residents 
of  Anne  Arundel  County  as  early  as  1651,  is  also  well  known,  but  as  Mr. 
C.  W.  Bump  has  shown,  all  the  evidence  points  to  the  fact  that  these  men 
were  merely  speculating  in  lands  and  did  not  become  bona  fide  settlers 
on  the  Patapsco  (Md.  Hist.  Mag.  Vol.  Ill,  p.  51-GO).  Infact  nopatentsup- 
on  the  Patap'^co  appear  to  have  been  issued  between  1G51  and  the  date  of 
the  issuance  of  the  above  mentioned  warrant  of  July  IG,  1G59.  That  the  act- 
Uv-.l  settlement  of  the  Patapsco  and  the  foundation  of  what  afterwards 
became  Baltimore  City  dates  from  the  latter  year  has  always  been  gen- 
erally recognized.  It  is  interesting  to  find  however,  that  many  if  not  all 
of  these  first  acual  .settlers  were  probably  a  group  of  friends  who  came  up 
together  from  Lancaster  County  and  that  the  probable  motive  of  their 
migration  was  religious  persecution,  as  most  of  them  arc  known  to  have 
been  Quakers,  and  it  was  at  this  time  that  Virginia  began  to  put  into  full 
effect  the  various  repressive  measures  against  the  numerous  recent  con. 
verts  to  this  sect,  in  order  to  drive  them  out  of  that  colony. 

To  the  very  numerous  descendants  of  certain  of  the  children  of  the 
Rev.  John  Gorsuch  and  his  wife  Anne  Lovelace  living  in  Virginia  and 
Maryland  anrl  elsewhere  throughout  the  country,  some  account  of  thc-se 
children  and  their  descendants  to  the  fourth  generation,  where  it  has 
been  possible  to  trace  them,  will  doubtless  be  of  interest. 
(To  be  Continued) 


94  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  Ancestops  and  Descendants  of  John  Rolfe  with  Notes 
OF  Some  Connected  Families. 

The  Fleming  Family. 
(Continued) 
9.    John^  Fleming;  b. ;  d.  April  21,  1767,  in  Cumberland  County; 

m.  ;  Susanna . 

John  Fleming  lived  in  Cumberland,  doubtless  at  "Maiden's  Adventure" 
which  had  been  left  him  by  his  father.  He  was  a  lawyer,  and  soon  ob- 
tained note  at  the  bar,  and  an  extensive  practice.  His  fee  book,  covering 
the  period  1754-1766,  has  been  preserved,  and  shows  the  extent  of  his 
practice.  In  1756,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses 
for  Cumberland,  and  represented  that  county  continuously  for  eleven 
years,  until  his  death  in  1767  {Journals  of  the  House  of  Burgesses).  When 
the  political  troubles  with  England  began,  he  sided  with  the  advanced 
adherents  of  colonial  rights,  and  became  the  warm  friend  of  Patrick 
Henry,  and  a  supporter  of  the  measures  he  advocated.  Wirt  and  Henry, 
in  their  lives  of  Henry,  state  that  John  Fleming  of  Cumberland,  and 
George  Johnston  of  Fairfax,  were  the  only  members  to  whom  Patrick 
Henry  showed  his  famous  resolutions  of  1765,  before  offering  them  in  the 
House.  Edmund  Randolph  in  his  manuscript  fragment  on  the  history 
of  Virginia,  says  "The  resolutions  offered  by  Mr.  Henry  are  understood 
to  have  been  written  by  Mr.  John  Fleming,  a  member  for  Cumberland 
County,  distinguished  for  his  patriotism,  and  the  strength  of  his  under- 
standing." 

The  Virginia  Gazette,  April  30,  1767,  contains  a  notice  of  the  death  of 
Col.  Fleming:  "On  Tuesday,  the  21st  of  this  instant  died,  at  his  home  in 
Cumberland,  Col.  John  Fleming,  member  of  the  Assembly  for  that 
county,  and  an  eminent  practitioner  in  the  law.  He  was  a  gentleman  of 
distinguished  merit  and  abilities,  which  makes  his  death  much  lamented 
by  all  who  had  the  pleasure  of  his  acquaintance,  and  may  be  considered 
a  public  loss." 

The  following  is  an  abstract  of  his  will,  dated  April  7,  1763,  and  proved 
in  Cumberland  April  27,  1767:  "I  John  Fleming,  of  Cumberland  Co., 
attorney  at  law.  In  compliance  with  will  of  deceased  father  John  Flem- 
ing, have  given  my  brother  Charles  Fleming,  land  on  Willis'  Creek.  To 
wife  Susanna  my  land  at  and  adjoining  Maiden's  Adventure,  including 
100  acres  I  purchased  of  Wm.  Dudley  and  100  of  Silvester  Alford,  for  her 
life,  and  at  her  death,  to  my  son  John.  To  my  wife  3001  acres  in  Lunen- 
burg Co.,  I  purchased  of  Hugh  Miller,  and  two  lots  in  Gatesville  [Ches- 
terfield Co.]  and  also  all  my  slaves  and  personal  estate.  Wife  to  provide 
for  the  maintenance  and  education  of  the  children.  To  son  John  the 
violin  I  bought  of  Col.  Hunter,  and  my  case  of  razors.  *  *  *  Ap- 
point my  brothers  Thomas,  William,  and  Richard  guardian  of  my  son 
John,  and  my  daughters." 


-13! 


•  ?• 


1  V.  •,.     a         I;  MARY  BULLING, 

.        I  .>.'     Wife  OF  Col.  John  Fleming,  Sr. 


Negative  Property  of 

H.  P.  Cook,  Photographer, 

Richmond,  Va. 


>    SU   ill 


GENEALOGY.  -"     "  '        95 

Col.  John^  and  Susanna  Fleming  had  issue. 

t  17.  John*;  b.  ;  killed  at  the  battle  of  Princeton,  Jan.  3d,  1777; 

never  married. 

t  IS.  Mary'';  married  (1)  Warner  Lewis,  Jr.,  of  "Severn  Hall,"  Glou- 
cester Co.;   (2)  Ellis;  died  without  surviving  issue,  leaving  Susan 

Lewis,  afterwards  Mrs.  Byrd,  her  chief  legatee  {Vouchers  in  Va.  Land 
Office). 

t  19.  Susanna*,  married  Addison  Lewis  of  Gloucester  Co.  (See  geneal- 
ogies of  Lewis  and  Byrd  families). 

There  is  on  record  in  Goochland,  a  deed  dated  September,  1777,  from 
Mary  Fleming  daughter  of  John  Fleming,  deceased,  attorney  at  law,  con- 
veying to  Wm.  Fleming,  of  Powhatan  Co.,  attorney  at  law,  and  Charles 
Fleming,  Captain  in  the  Seventh  Virginia  Battallion  in  the  Army  of  the 
United  States  of  America;  for  love  and  affection  to  the  said  Wm.  and 
Charles,  her  uncles,  one  full  moiety  of  a  tract  of  land  in  Goochland,  on 
the  north  side  of  James  River,  and  on  both  sides  of  Little  Lickinghole 
Creek,  containing  750  acres,  which  tract  v/as  devised  to  Thomas  Fleming, 
uncle  of  said  Mary,  by  the  will  of  John  Fleming  deceased,  dated  Nov. 
1756,  and  recorded  in  Cumberland,  and  was  devised  to  John  Fleming, 
father  of  the  said  Mary,  by  the  will  of  the  said  Thomas  Fleming,  dated 
Goochland,  Jul^'  1759,  and  also  all  the  right  of  the  said  Mary  in  the  slaves 
and  other  per.sonal  estate  of  the  said  Thos.  Fleming,  who  made  John, 
father  of  the  said  Mary,  his  residuary  legatee;  said  Wm.  and  Charles  to 
pay  all  debts  due  from  the  estate  of  her  father,  John  Fleming,  deceased. 

There  is  also  recorded  in  Goochland,  a  deed  dated  Nov.  11,  1777,  from 
Warner  Lewis,  Jr.,  of  .Severn  Hall,  Gloucester  Co.,  to  John  Page,  of  Rose- 
well,  conveying  a  tract  of  land  in  Goochland,  called  Dover,  containing 
700  acres,  which  had  lately  become  vested  in  the  said  Mary  and  Susannah 
Fleming  her  sister,  as  co-heirs  of  their  brother  John  Fleming,  deceased. 

The  two  sisters,  Mary  and  Susanna  Fleming,  appear  to  have  lived 
much  in  Williamsburg,  and  a  letter  written  from  that  place  has  been  pre- 
served. .  •  . 

Williamsburg  April  16,  1777         ■  ;.  '         :• 
"My  Dearest  Uncle, 

I  received  your  favor  acquainting  me  of  your  having  been  five  days 
under  Inoculation,  and  have  since  had  the  pleasure  to  hear  that  you  have 
recover'd  from  the  Small-Pox;  ten  thousand  blessings  on  the  kind  old 
woman  that  nursed  you,  Robinson  I  think  is  her  name,  I  shall  ever  hold 
it  in  high  veneration  for  the  tenderness  she  has  shewn  towards  you;  for 
my  sake,  for  the-  sake  of  all  the  friends  you  have  left  behind,  be  as  careful 
of  your  Health  as  your  situation  will  allow,  let  me  not  be  depriv'd  of  all 
that's  dear;  already  have  I  lost  too  much  in  the  best  &  most  lov'd  of 
Brothers  [Jno.  F.  killed  at  Princetoni — You  also  my  Uncle  know  what 
it  is  to  have  lost  a  Brother;  [Col.  Thos.  F.J  I  thought  of  your  situation 
at  the  time  of  his  Death,  and  believe  me  I  sufTer'd  more  for  the  surviver, 


29 


96  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

than  for  Him  whom  I  trust  is  supremely  blest  and  out  of  the  reach  cf 
those  distresses  we  poor  mortals  are  subject  to,  &  no  doubt  looks  down 
with  pity  and  compassion  on  thofc  he  has  left  behind  him,  &  wor.d^rs 
how  they  can  be  so  short-sighted  as  to  grieve  for  those  who  en-^ny  the 
blessings  prepared  for  them  who  die  in  the  Lord;  they  enjoy  that  hap[)i- 
ness  which  no  tongue  can  tell,  no  pen  describe,  nor  has  it  enter'd  into  the 
Heart  of  Man  to  Conceive. 

I  have  the  pleasure  to  tell  you  that  my  Uncle  Wm.  is  much  better 
than  you  left  him,  and  in  a  fair  way  of  recovering  entirely.  I  w/otc  to 
him  respecting  our  living  with  Mr.  Webb,  but  have  received  no  ansv.er 
yet. 

I  suppose  you  have  receiv'd  my  poor  dear  Brother's  things  by  this 
time,  if  he  shou'd  have  left  any  letters,  shall  be  oblig'd  to  you  to  take 
particular  care  of  them.  I  wrote  to  Him  by  Colonel  Bland  but  as  he 
did  not  get  there  before  the  Death  of  my  Brother,  shou'd  be  obliged  to 
my  dear  Uncle  if  he  will  enquire  of  Him  what  he  did  with  the  letter,  and 
if  he  has  not  destroy'd  it  get  it  and  commit  it  to  the  flames.  My  sister 
desires  her  love  to  you  and  will  write  by  the  next  opportunity.  Miss 
Polly  Clayton's  best  wishes  attend  you,  &  when  you  have  accepted  of 
my  love  &  duty  conclude  nie 

Your  most  afTcct. 

and  faithful  Niece 

Mary  Fleming" 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Webb  desire  their  love  and  best  wishes  to  you. 

M.  F." 
"Capt.  Charles  Fleming 

of  the  7th  Virginia  Reg." 

Some  time  prior  to  1777,  a  Williamsburg  versifier,  supposed  to  have 
been  St.  George  Tucker,  or  Dr.  McClurg,  wrote  lines  intitled  "The 
Belles  of  Williamsburg,"  describing  the  leading  beauties  and  belles  of 
the  capital  city.  An  annotated  copy  was  printed  in  the  Richmond 
Standard,  of  July  16,  18S1.  The  stanzas  relating  to  the  Fleming  sisters 
arc  as  follows; 

"-  '  '  IV 

"Advance  Then,  each  illustrious  maid 
In  order  bright,  to  our  parade 

With  Beauty's  ensigns  gay; 
And  first,  two  nymphs,  who,  rural  plains         ^'>'T^t     - 
Forsook,  disdaining  rustic  swains 
No  where  exact  their  sway  '        ^       a  '  ' 


-ft  "lUcY 


/ol  T:orf1 


■<C7 


GENEALOGY.  ^  97 

V 


Myrtilla's  *  beauty  who  can  paint? 
The  well  turned  form  and  glowing  tint 

May  deck  a  common  creature 
But  who  can  make  th'  expressive  soul 
With  lively  sense  inform  the  whole 

And  light  up  every  feature? 

VI 

At  church  Myrtilla  lowly  kneels 
No  passion  but  devotion  feels 

No  smiles  her  looks  environ 
But  let  her  thoughts  to  pleasure  fly 
The  basalisk  is  in  her  eye 

And  on  her  tongue  the  syren. 

VII 
Fond  youth  no  longer  gaze;  beware! 
Lest,  once  enslaved,  the  dangerous  fair 

Should  leave  you  in  the  lurch 
The  god  whom  poets  make  their  care 
I  supplicate  that  I  may  ne'er 

Behold  her  but  at  church. 

VIII 
More  rigorous  beauty,  fresher  bloom 
With  tints  from  Nature's  richest  loom 

In  Sylvia's!  features  glow 
Would  she  her  sister's  arts  apply 
And  catch  the  magic  of  her  eye 

She'd  rule  the  world  below." 

*Miss  Fleming  \Miss  S.  Fleming." 

(.To  be  Continued) 


Harrison  of  Northern  Virginia. 
^    '        ■'  '  (Continued) 

Before  continuing  the  genealogy  it  is  desirable  to  give  some  corrections 
and  additions  derived  from  later  information. 

3.  Thomas-'  Harrison  (XXIII,  215,  21G)  had,  in  addition  to  the  sons 
named,  a  daughter  Elizabeth  who  married  in  1727,  Benjamin  Bullitt, 
of  Prince  William  Co.,  who  died  in  1757.     She  was  the  mother  of  Cuthbert 


t9 


IIV 


.*/iJi  HI    Utiww    3iij 


{b9fO' 


:j-..>:o;ivo:>crr..-  ^v ;;;j 


1  T>rToV 


98  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Bullitt  and  other  children.  Thos.^  Harrison  also  had  daughters  Frances 
who  married  Valentine  Peyton  (who  died  in  1751)  and  Ann  Frances  who 
married  John  McMillan. 

5.  Burr'*  Harrison  (XXIII,  331,  332)  had  15.  Jane,  who  appears  cer- 
tainly to  have  married Triplett;  22.  George,  bom  1737,  married 

Elizaticth,  daughter  of  Tavenner  Beale  and  removed  to  Kentucky;  17. 

Elizabeth,   born   1741;   married  Linton;   21.    Sarah,    born   1740, 

married  Col.  Lion  Powell. 

36.  Sarah,  wife  of  Rev.  Thomas  Harrison  (XXIII,  444)  died  Dec.  16, 
1842. 

34.  Frances  Harrison  married  Wiley  Short.  ' 


18.  BuRR^  Harrison  (Burr*)  of  Prince  William  County,  was  born 
June  16,  1734,  and  died  Aug.  2,  1790.  The  Virginia  Council  Journal  1776-7, 
p.  347,  shows  that  he  was  colonel  of  the  militia  of  his  county.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  1778.  He  married,  Sept.  1760,  Mary 
Ann,  daughter  of  Matthew  Barnes.  His  will  was  dated  Feb.  5,  and  proved 
in  Prince  William  Feb.  7,  1701.  His  legatees  were,  his  wife  Mary  Ann, 
daughter  Ann  Catherine  Harrison,  son  Matthew,  son  Cuthbert  (to  whom 
he  gave  a  military  claim  for  2000  acres  in  Kentucky  &c),  son  Thomas  (to 
whom  he  gave  land  purchased  from  testators  brother  Cuthbert  Harrison), 
a  daughter  Mary  Ann  Harrison.  Mrs.  Mary  Ann  Harrison  died  Dec.  2, 
1803.     Her  will  was  proved  Jan.  2,  1804. 

Issue:  56.  Ann  Catherine,  born  Oct.  23,  1761,  died  Dec.  6,  1839;  married 
April  5,  1793,  by  Rev.  Thomas  Harrison,  Francis  Hereford;  57.  Matthew'^; 
58.  Jane,  bom  1765;  59.  Burr^,  born  1767;  60.  Cuthbert",  born  Dec.  28, 
1768.  died  Sept.  26.  1795,  unmarried;  61.  Ann  Barnes,  born  Feb.  20,  1771; 
62.  Thomas«,  born  May  22,  1774;  03.  Mary  Ann,  born  May  1,  1776. 

20.  Matthew''  Harrison  (Burr"*)  was  born  Oct.  7,  1738,  and  died . 

He  y.as  a  merchant  at  Dumfries.  He  married  (I)  Miss  Slaughter,  (2) 
Miss  Wood,  sister  of  Governor  James  Wood;  (3)  Miss  Webb;  (4)  Eleanor 
Tyler. 

Issue:  (1st.  m)  64.  Matthew",  went  to  Bermuda,  married  and  died 
there;  (2d.  m)  65.  Daughter,  married  Obed.  Waite  of  Winchester,  Va., 
66.  Daughter,  married  Col.  Andrew  Wood,  of  Romney,  now  W.  Va.;  67. 
Daughter,  died  unmarried;  (3d.  m.)  68.  George",  went  to  Kentucky;  69. 
Fanny,  married  Mr.  Jones  and  went  to  Kentucky;  (4th.  m.)  70.  Charles, 
went  to  sea  in  early  life  and  was  not  heard  of  after  1S13;  71.  Gustavus";  72, 
William  Alexander";  73.  Eleanor,  married  Wm.  P.  Hale  of  Loudoun  Co., 
and  removed  to  Mason  Co.  in  1817;  74.  Nancy,  married  Dr.  Elias  T. 
S^fTord,  of  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  who  removed  to  Parkersburg,  now  W.  Va.; 
75.  Frederic  Tyler",  died  unmarried. 

23.  Wii.i.iam'' Harrison  (Thomas')  married  Jane .     She  married 

secondly Mallory. 


.av. 


b^!-!-. 


;l:^^ 


b''i!j  Lrn  L>nii.n; 


GENEALOGY.  '  .  ^^ 

Issue  (Harrison):  "76.  William",  died  unmarried  in  1791,  leaving  his 

estate  to  his  brother  Burr,  and  sister  Lucy  Mallory,  late  Lucy  Harrison; 
77.  Burr*';  87.  Lucy,  married Mallory. 

37.  John  Pkyton''  Harrison  (Thomas^),  of  Fauquier  County,  was  bom 
about  1718.  He  was  appointed  by  the  State  of  Virginia  ensign  in  the 
2d  regiment,  Sept.  21,  1775,  and  by  Congress  Jan.  23,  1776;  2d.  lieutenant 
June  177G,  Captain  May  4,  1777.  He  appears  to  have  resigned  Sept.  27, 
1780,  and  on  March  10,  1783,  received  from  Virginia  3000  acres  of  land  for 
three  years  service.  He  was  appointed  a  justice  of  Fauquier  Co.  in  1787. 
He  married  (1)  Jan.  12,  1779,  Frances  (born  March  4,  1754,  died  April  6, 
1795),  daughter  of  John  Peyton,  and  (2)  in  179G,  Elizabeth  (born  1761, 
died  July  25,  1816),  daughter  of  Yelverton  Peyton  (see  Hayden's  Virginia 
Genealogies,  510,  511). 

Issue:  (1st.  m.):  79.  Robert  Peyton'^,  born  Oct.  10,  1779,  died  without 
issue  at  Dumfries;  80.  Seth,  bom  March  18,  1781,  married  Mr.  Atwell, 
of  Middleburg;  81.  John  Peyton^,  born  Oct.  6,  1782,  died  Aug.  4,  1786;  82. 

Sarah  Ann,  born  Oct.  31,  1784,  married  Short;  83.  Frances,  bom 

June  4,  1787,  died  unmarried;  84.  Elizabeth,  bora  April  24,  1789,  died 
April  27,  1862,  married  Gabriel  Freeman;  85.  Jane  Linton,  bom  April  27, 
1791,  died  in  the  District  of  Columbia  Jan.  19,  1870,  married  Feb.  13,  1817, 
Nelson  Green,  of  Fauquier  Co.;  (2d  m.)  86.  Dr.  DanieF,  married  Jane 
Cecilia,  daughter  of  Thos.  Harrison  and  granddaughter  of  Rev.  Thos. 

Harrison  (and  had  issue:  a.  Walter  Peyton**;  married  1st.  ;  2d 

Catherine  S.  Conway;  3d.  Elizabeth  W.  Conway;  b.  Thomas^). 

Dr.  Daniel  Harrison  was  not  a  son  of  Thomas^  Harrison  as  previously 
stated. 

(To  be  Continued) 


The  Blackw?ll  Family. 

(By  Miss  Stella  Pickett  Hardy,  Batesville,  Ark.) 
(Continued) 

5-1.  Lucy  Pickett,  b.  May  2,  1707;  d.  1825;  m.  Sep.  13,  1787,  Hon. 
Charles  Marshall,  of  Warrenton,  Va.,  b.  Jan.  31,  1767;  d.  1805;  son  of 
Col.  Thomas  &  Mary  Randolph  (Keith)  Marshall,  of  "Oak  Plill," 
Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 

6-2.  Ann  Pickett,  b.  1770;  m.  cir.  1790,  Francis  Brooke,  of  Fauquier 
Co.,  Va.,  Clerk  of  the  County  Court,  1793  to  1805.  Son  of  Humphrey 
&  Ann  (Whiting)  Brooke,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue, 

5-3.  Judith  Pickett,  b.  1772;  m.  Stanton  Slaughter,  of  Culpeper  Co., 
Va.,  son  of  Col.  Robert  Slaughter,  of  "The  Grange"  Culpeper  Co.,  Va., 
and  his  wife  Miss  Stanton;  and  had  issue. 

5-4.  Mildred  Pickett,  b.  June  1,  1777;  d.  Mar.  22,  1805;  m.  Jan.  9,  1794, 
William  Clurkson,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  son  of  Henry  Clarkson  of 
Stafford  Co.,  Va.,  and  his  wife  Dorcas;  and  had  issue. 


QQ 


.8 


100  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.      '     ' 

5-5.  Geor-ge  Blackwell  Pickett,  of  Madison  Co.,  Ala.,  b.  1779  in  Fau- 
quier Co.,  Va.;  d.  1820  in  Huntsville,  Ala  ,  removed  to  Alabama,  about 
1S2G,  and  located  in  Madison  Co.;  m.  in  Richmond,  Va.,  1S18,  Courtney 
Heron,  b.  1797  in  Richmond,  Va.;  d.  1865  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  daughter 
of  James  &  Sarah  (Taylor)  Heron,  of  Richmond,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
5-6.  Leticia  Pickett,  b.  1780;  d.  1802;  m.  Hon  Charles  Johnston,  of 
Richmond,  Va.,  son  of  Hon.  Peter  &  Martha  (Butler)  Johnston,  of 
"Chiny  Grove,"  Prince  Edward  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue.  He  married 
second,  Elizabeth  Prentiss  Steptoe,  daughter  of  Hon.  James  &  Frances 
(Calloway)  Steptoe,  of  "Federal  Hall,"  Bedford  Co.,  Va. 
5-7.  Elizabeth  Pickett,  b.  17SS;  m.  1805,  Judge  John  Scott,  of  Fauquier 
Co.,  Va..  b.  Feb.  3,  1781  :d.  Jan.  17,  1850;  son  of  Rev.  John  &  Eli:.abeth 
(Gordon)  Scott,  of  "Gordondale,"  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
5-S.  Steptoe  Pickett,  of  Limestone  Co.,  Ala.,  b.  at  "Paradise,"  Fau- 
quier Co.,  Va.,  June  22,  1790,  d.  in  Limestone  Co.,  Ala.,  Dec.  16,  1843; 
removed  to  Alabama  in  1821;  m.  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Va.,  Jan.  10, 
1811,  Sarah  Orrick  Chilton,  b.  at  "Currioman,"  Westmoreland  Co., 
Va.,  Oct.  2,  1793;  d.  in  Limestone  Co.,  Ala.,  Feb.  19,  1865;  daughter, 
Orrick  &  Felicia  (Corbin)  Chilton,  of  "Currioman"  Westmoreland 
Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
4-4.  Lucy  Blackwell,  b.  1749;  m.  Sep.  24,  1773,  William  Stanton  of, 
Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  Issue,  among  others, 
5-1.  Joseph  Blackwell  Stanton,  of  Tennessee. 
4-5.  Leticia  Blackwell,  b.  Oct.  3,  1750;  m.  Apr.  10,  1768,  Capt.  John 
Chilton,  of  "Rock  Spring,"  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  Aug.  29,  1739,  in 
Westmoreland  Co.,  Va.,  d.  Sep.  11,  1777  on  the  Battlefield  of  Brandy- 
wine;  served  in  the  Revolution,  Captain  of  3rd  Virginia,  Apr.  29,  1776, 
(Hcitman's  Historical  Register,  p.  154.)  A  number  of  most  interesting 
letters  written  by  him,  during  his  military  career,  are  now  in  the 
possession  of  his  descendants,  also  a  diary.  Son  of  Thomas  &  Jemima 
(Cooke)  Chilton,  of  Westmoreland  Co.,  Va.,  Issue, 
5  1.     Thomas  Chilton,  of  Kanawah  Co.,  Va.,  b.  May  10,  1767;  m.  1797, 

Jane  Corbin,  b.  Sep.  6,  1779;  d.  1843;  daughter  of  Hon.  Gawin  & 

Joanna  (Tucker)  Corbin,  of  Middlesex  Co.,  Va.,  no  issue. 
5-2.     George  Chilton,  of  Henry  Co.,  Ky.,  b.  July  5,  1770;  d.  1852;  m. 

Mary  Ellen  Ball,  b.  1771;  d.  1855;  and  had  issue. 
5-3.     Nancy  Chilton,  b.  Oct.  8,  1771;  m.  Augustine  Smith,  b.  Sep. 

28,  1774;  son  of  Thomas  &  Elizabeth  (Adams)  Smith,  of  Fauquier  Co., 

Va.,  and  had  issue. 
5-4.     Lucy  Chilton,  b.  Dec.  20,  1773;  m.  John  Hansdell,  of  Fauquier 

Co.,  Va.,  and  removed  to  Henry  Co.,  Ky.,  and  had  issue. 
5  5.     Joseph  Chilton,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  Sep.  20,  1774;  d.  Nov. 

10,  1841;  m.  Apr.  25,  1795,  Ann  Smith,  b.  June  20,  1775;  d.  1820; 

daughter  of  Capt.  Thomas  &  Elizabeth  (Adams)  Sm.ith,  of  Fauquier 

Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 


.aMRASAM   JA'5t-»r-  m:  t-^v  001 


,10  noir. 


I  ri!j.::H_  y^  .i.;r_>r 


'^'  GENEALOGY.     -^- ''■'•'■    '-    '^^^J^-    fQl 

4-G.  Joseph  Blackwell,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  bo.  1752;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War,  as  Major  in  the  Subsistence  Department  Vir- 
ginia Line;  received  a  large  grant  of  land  in  Kentucky  for  his  service. 
He  was  a  signer  of  the  Westmoreland  Protest  of  177G;  He  was  a  staunch 
Churchman,  a  Vestryman  of  Dettcngen  Parish,  Prince  William  Co., 
Va.;  m.  1783,  Mrs.  Anne  Eustace  Hull,  widow  of  Capt.  Edwin  Hull,  of 
15th  Va.;  killed  Sep.  15,  1780;  and  daughter  of  Isaac  &  Agatha  (Conway) 
Eustace,  of  Staffonl  Co.,  Va.,  Issue, 

5-1.     Ann  Blackwell,  b.  1786;  d.  1873;  m.  1802,  John  Hancock  Gaskins, 
b.  1781;  d.  1851;  son  of  John  &  Frances  Sinah  (Cole)  Gaskins,  and  had 
issue. 
5-2.     Joseph  Blackwell,  b.  1788;  m.  Elizabeth  Blackwell  Edmonds, 
b.  1791;  d.  18G0;  Issue, 
6-1.     Octavia  Edmonds  Blackwell,  m.  1832,  John  Chilton,  and  had 

issue. 
6-2.     Elizabeth  Miller  Blackwell,  m.  1835,  James  Edmonds. 
6-3.     Jane  Blackwell,  b.  1820;  d.  unm., 
6-4.     Ann  Blackwell,  d.  young. 

6  5.     Joseph  Blackwell,  d.  young.  ^  ,, 

6  6.     Elias  Blackwell,  d.  young. 
&-7.     Frances  Blackwell,  d.  young. 

6-8.    James  DeRuyter  Blackwell,  C.  S.  A.,  b.  1828;  m.  1851,  Judith 
Emma  Edmonds,  b.  1828;  daughter  of  Capt.  Elias  Edmonds,  of 
Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  had  issue  1.  Frances  Blackwell,  b.   1852;  2. 
Joseph  Wildy  Blackwell,  b.  1854;  3.  Elias  Edmonds  Blackwell,  b. 
1855;  m.   1SS2,  Fannie  Grayson  Blackwell,  b.   1858;  daughter  of 
Moore  Carter  &  Sarah  Alexander  (Foote)  Blackwell;  4.  Edmonia 
Blackwell,   b.   1857;  d.   1860;  5.   Elizabeth  Miller  Blackwell;  6. 
Adeline  Blackwell;  7.  Austin  Edmondson  Blackwell;  8.  DeRuyter 
Blackwell. 
5-3.     John  Blackwell,  b.  1791;  d.  1866;  m.  (first)  1819,  Rebecca  Daven- 
port, d.  1831;  daughter  of  John  &  Ellen  H.  Davenport,  of  Frederick 
Co.,  Va.;  (second)  1832,  Frances  Cordelia  Digges,  d.  1860;  daughter 
of  Edward  &  Ann   (Eustace)   Digges;    (third)   1862,   Catherine  R. 
Diddes;  Issue  by  1st  m. 

6-1.  Joseph  Blackwell,  b.  1819;  m.  1842,  Lucy  Blackwell  Smith, 
b.  1822;  daughter  of  Col.  William  Rawley  &  Lucy  (Blackwell) 
Smith,  Issue, 

7-1.     William  Blackwell.  7-2.     John  Blackwell, 

7-3.     Joseph  Blackwell,  7-4.     Lucy  Blackwell, 

7-5.  Edwin  Smith  Blackwell,  b.  1849;  m.  1878,  Anna  Leavell, 
daughter  of  John  Leavell,  of  Culpeper  Co.,  Va.,  had  issue  1. 
Agnes  Newton  Blackwell,  b.  1880;  2.  Louise  Steptoe  Blackwell, 
b.  1881;  3.  Nannie  Leavell,  b.  1882.  ^ 

7-6.     Agnes  Conway  Blackwell,  b.  1852;  d.  1877. 


fOI 


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-i-v/uvl  •..lv^r^ia  k^rxi  iJi>-!rn    n  tavt  f- 


n    nr!:7'»(w.ij 


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ner  b ... 


102  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

;,i.il  .  ,•  7-7.     James  Blackwell. 

.     y.  6-2.     Ellen  Harris  Blackwell,  b.  1820;  d.  1878;  m.  1839,  Richard  M. 

\   ,,,!  ,,,  Smith,  son  of  Col.  William  Rawley  &  Lucy  (Blackwell)  Smith, 

'  -  and  had  issue. 

,  6-3.     John  Davenport  Blackwell,  D.  D.,  b.  1822;  d.  1887;  an  eminent 

'    .  Methodist  Divine,  served  in  C.  S.  A.,  as  Chaplain  of  18th  Va.  Inf.; 

m.  (first)  18.53,  Julia  Anna  Butts,  d.  18G6;  daughter  of  Francis  P. 
&  Emma  P.  Butts,  of  Southampton  Co.,  Va.;  (second)  18G9,  Fannie 
Grayson  Smith,  daughter  of  Henry  &  Frances  (Foote)  Smith,  of 
Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue  by  1st  m. 
(•  J  ,^  7-1.     Robert  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.  1854;  m.  1877,  Effie  Duncan, 

1    I-    .-..^  daughter  of  Rev.  James  A.  Duncan,  and  had  issue. 

I     ),..,,  1.     Effie  Blackwell,  b.  1879. 

,  ,    ,  ,3,       '      7-2.     Ellen  Denegre  Blackwell,  b.  1856;  d.  1857. 
;     1.      .;,     :       7-3.     Gertrude  Blackwell,  b.  1858;  m.  Lewis  Milton. 
[,    l':,|r    .'  7-4.     John  Francis  Blackwell,  b.  1861. 

7-5.     Anna  Davenport  Blackwell,  b.  1863;  m.  Mr.  Mosby. 
7-6.     James  Denegre  Blackwell,  b.  1866;  d.  1871. 
Issue  by  2nd  m. 
7-7.     Henry  Davenport  Blackwell,  b.  1871;  d.  1871. 
■..;,^      ,  7-8.     Irving  Hall  Blackwell,  b.  1872. 

.)   •  •.    ,  (To  be  Continued) 


Taylor  of  Southampton  &c. 
(Continued) 


23.  John*  Taylor  (Henry^)  was  bequeathed  considerable  property 
by  the  will  of  his  father  in  1781.  He  lived  in  Southampton  County  and 
died  in  1799.  His  will,  "John  Taylor,  Jr.,"  was  dated  Feb.  10,  1799, 
and  proved  Dec.  19,  1799.  Bequest  to  wife  for  her  life.  The  estate 
given  her  to  be  used  also  for  support  of  children  William,  Henry,  Eliza, 
and  Hannah  until  they  are  of  age  and  then  to  be  equally  divided.  All 
lands  to  be  equally  divided  between  William  and  Henry.  John  Taylor 
married,  March  3,  1783,  Martha  Peterson  (Southampton  marriage  re- 
turns). Her  will  as  Martha  K.  Taylor  was  dated  May  19,  1808,  and 
proved  in  Southampton  August,  1808.  She  gave  her  son  William  Taylor, 
a  negro,  son  Henry  Taylor  a  negro,  daughter  Nancy  Fitzhugh  her  riding 
chair  and  a  negro,  daughter  Eliza  Peterson  a  negro  &c.,  and  appointed 
her  son  William  Taylor  and  friends  John  T.  Richeson  and  Thomas  Ridley 
executors.  There  is  in  Southampton  the  record  of  a  suit  by  Joshua  Claud, 
administrator,  Henry  Taylor,  Ellis  G.  Blake  and  Polly  his  wife,  William 
Hall  in  right  of  his  wife,  William  Taylor,  Nancy  Taylor,  Elizabeth  Tay- 
lor, Hannah  Taylor  and  Henry  Taylor,  children  of  John  Taylor,  deceased, 


bf  fl 


O) 


,'     -.T    '': 


Vni,./. 


GENEALOGY. 


103 


and  Co-hdrs  and  representatives  of  Temperence  Taylor,  deceased  fthe 
rnother  o    John^ -Taylor  ..  Nicholas  and  Edward  Fa' Icon,  executor    o 
William  Browne,  deceased.  ^^uuib  oi 

Issue:  30.  William-  40.  Henry^  41.  Polly,  married  Ellis  G.  Blake-  4^ 

Daughter,  marned  Wm.  Hall;  43.  Nancy,  married Fitzhugh    44' 

Elizabeth,  married  Peterson;  45.  Hannah  ^ 

An  account  with  the  estate  of  Hannah  Taylor,  deceased,  by  Thomas 
Fitzhugh,  executor,  1808,  &c.,  includes  a  payment  to  William  Taylor  oi 
the  amount  due  him  in  the  division  of  John  Taylor's  estate 

24.  Henrv^  T..YLOR  (Henry^)  of  Southampton  County.  '  He  was  not 
of  age  in  17SG,  for  on  March  20th  of  that  year.  Etheldred  Taylor  leased 

o  Henrv  t"  f  ^^"^f^""^^'  ^r^'"-^-  ^^  250  acres  adjoining  belonging 
o  Henry  Taylor  infant  son  of  Henry  Taylor,  deceased.  He  left  no  wilt 
(a  least  in  Southampton)  and  the  date  of  his  death  is  not  known.  The 
only  other  Henry  Taylor  living  in  Southampton  at  this  time  was  the  son 
of  John  Taylor,  Jr.,  and  was  a  child  at  the  date  of  his  father's  will  in  1799 
A  record  preserved  by  a  descendant  states  that  24.  Henry*  Taylor' 
married  Rebecca  Tyson,  and  had  only  one  child  ' 

n,^!",-  Km^'?'"p^  ^r  """-  -'•  ''^''  ^''^  ^''^y  ^''  1831..  married 
f  M     '  •  I        ^^°''  ^''°'"  ^^y  ^0'  1^71)'  ''^  Southampton,  but  later 

llmwT'  n  ^'  d^^^^^-^^^'d  in  Southampton,  and  dated  Jan.  6. 
IS09,  Wilham  1  aylor  and  Angelina  his  wife,  of  Southampton,  conveyed  to 
Peter  Blow  of  the  same  county,  the  interest  of  the  said  William  Tavlor 
m  a  tract  of  land,  allotted  as  dower  to  Rebecca  wife  of  Richard  B.rham 
and  widow  of  Henry  Taylor.  Evidently  this  was  land  which,  on  the 
death  of  Henry*  Taylor  without  male  issue,  reverted  to  his  brother 
Jonn  s  heirs. 

(To  be  Concluded) 


I 'in  A  bnr. 


(ifibiihno'J  3d  oT) 


104  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 


The  Hord  Family  of  Virginia.    A  Supplement  to  the  Genealogy  op 
THE   Hord    Family.     Compiled    by    Rev.    Arnold    Harris    Hord, 
Registrar  of  the  Diocese  of  Pennsylvania,  Member  of  the  Executive 
Board  of  the  Church  Historical  Society,  Member  of  the  Virginia 
Historical   Society.     Anno  Domini  1915   [Philadelphia!  pp.    119, 
with  a  number  of  illustrations  and  charts. 
Dr.  Hord  is  already,  through  his  Genealogy  of  the  Hord  Family,  wcll- 
knowij  as  a  genealogist.     In  this  book,  taking  as  a  clue  the  fact  that  Alan 
Hord  came  to  Virginia  as  a  head-right  in  a  grant  to  Moore  Fauntleroy, 
and  following  this  iip  with  a  careful  investigation  of  English  genealogical 
sources  which  show  a  relationship  between  the  families   of  Hord   and 
Fauntleroy  in  England,  he  has  worked  out  a  very  plausible  theory  of 
descent  from  an  old  English  family.     The  author  does  not  claim  that  the 
proof  is  positive;  but  the  evidence  is  so  strong  that  it  is  believed  that  it 
may   yet  be  confirmed,   beyond  doubt,   by  farther  discoveries.     Inci- 
dentally he  gave  much  information  about  the  Fauntleroys.     The  latter 
part  of  the  volume  contains  much  new  matter  in  regard  to  the  Hords  of 
Virginia.     Dr.  Hord  has  done  a  thorough  and  valuable  piece  of  work. 

The  Jefferson-Lemen  Comp.^ct.     A  Paper  Read  Before  the  Chicago 
Historical  Society,  Feb.  16,  1915.     By  Willard  C.  MacNaul  (with 
an  Appendix  of  Documents),  University  of  Chicago  Press  1915,  pp. 
59. 
This  address,  to  which  is  appended  a  number  of  documents,  states  the 
claim  that  Jeflferson  made  a  secret  compact  with  James  Lemen,  a  native 
of  the  Valley  of  Virginia,  to  go  to  the  Northwest  Territory  and  oppose 
the  introduction  of  slavery  there.     This  claim  is  supported  by  extracts 
from  two  letters  stated  to  have  been  written  by  Jefferson.     The   origi- 
nals of  these  letters  are  not  known  to  be  in  existence.     In  one  of  these, 
addressed  to  Robert  Lemen,  a  brother  of  James,  Jefferson  says,  in  ref- 
erence to  the  latter  "Among  all  my  friends  who  are  near,  he  is  still  a  little 
nearer.     I  discovered  his  worth  when  a  child."    Though  copies  are  given 
of  letters  from  Lincoln  and  Douglas,  and  an  account  prepared  by  a  Rev. 
Mr.  Peck  in  1857,  which  refer  to  those  letters,  the  whole  thing  has  an  air 
of  unreality.    One  would  suppose  that  in  the  vast   mass   of  Jefferson's 
work.s   and   letters   and   the  numerous   lives,  there   would  be  frequent 
mention  of  his   dearest  friend;   but,  strange  to  say,  in  not  a  single   in- 
stance is  there  such  a  reference. 


.a; 


BOOK  REVIEWS.  "i     ■'    ;    .     '    106 

To  take  another  point  of  view.  James  Lemen  was  bom  in  1760  in  or  near 
Harper's  Ferry,  evidently  the  son  of  a  small  farmer.  Anyone  who  knows 
Virginia,  knows  that  small  farmers  rarely  in  those  days  (or  indeed  at 
present)  went  outside  of  their  own  counties.  Jeflferson,  of  course,  was 
at  Harpers  Ferry  prioi"  to  1781,  as  the  well-known  passage  in  the  "Notes" 
shows,  but  there  is  not  one  jot  or  tittle  of  evidence  to  show  that  he  was  in 
that  section  long  enough  to  know  anything  of  the  child  of  an  obscure 
farmer.  It  would  be  difficult  to  convince  any  critical  student  that  Jef- 
ferson wrote  such  a  letter  unless  the  originals  were  produced. 

Extracts  from  James  Lemen  diary  which  are  quoted,  seem  equally 
open  to  doubt.  Under  date  "Near  Yorktown  Va.,  Sept.  26,  1781,"  he 
says  "My  enlistment  of  two  years  expired  sometime  ago,  but  I  joined 
my  regiment  today  and  will  serve  the  siege."  The  records  of  the  War 
Department  show  that  James  Lemen  enlisted  in  the  4th  Va.  regiment 
March  3,  1778, "to  serve  one  year."  J.  B.  Lemen  adds  that  James  Lemen 
"had  his  term  of  enlistment  extended  for  two  years  and  was  transferred  to 
another  regiment."  After  his  term  expired  'he  rejoined  his  old  regiment 
and  served  through  the  siege  of  Yorktown."  Now  the  4th  Virginia  regi- 
ment, his  "old  regiment"  was  not  at  Yorktown.  and  may  not  have  existed 
as  an  organization  at  all  as  it  was  captured  at  Charleston.  There  was  no 
Virginia  regiment  at  Yorktown  which  had  been  in  existence  in  1778-79, 
and  tlierefore,  none  which  could  have  been  called  his  "old  regiment." 
The  only  Virginia  regulars  at  Yorktown  were  two  newly  organized  regi- 
ments under  Colonels  Gaskins  and  Dabney.  Neither  the  Revolution- 
ary records  at  Washington  or  Richmond  contain  any  mention  of  Lemen's 
second  enlistment,  though,  of  course,  this  is  not  positive  proof  that  he 
did  not  re-enlist. 

In  the  diary  he  also  says  that  he  served  under  Lafayette  in  the  assault 
on  the  redoubt  on  October  14th.  It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  there  were 
no  Virginia  troops  engaged  in  this  assault.  Another  discrepancy  to  be 
accounted  for. 

The  whole  matter  of  this  alleged  "compact"  needs  thorough  inves- 
tigation before  it  can  be  accepted  as  history. 

A  Brief  History  of  the  First  Harrisons  of  Virginia.  Descendants 

OK  Cuthi:ert  Harrison  OF  Ancaster,  ENGLAND.  From  A.   D. 

1600  to  A.  D.  1915.     By  Henry  Tazewell  Harrison.  April  2,  1915 
[Leesburg,  Va.l,  pp.  36. 

The  title  page  of  this  handsome  little  book  is  misleading.  This  family 
of  Harrisons  was  not  the  first  of  that  name  in  Virginia  nor  is  there  any 
positive  proof  that  they  had  anything  to  do  with  Ancaster.  The  sole 
authority  for  their  origin  is  the  entry  in  the  parish  register  of  St.  Mar- 
garets, Westminster,  showing  that  Burr,  son  of  Cuthbert  Harrison,  was 
born  there  in  1G37.  And  of  course  this  old  English  register,  written  long 
before  there  was  any  Harrison  at  Chappawamsic  in  Virginia,  makes  no 


901 


-«&vai 


.1^ .       / , 


>^  sQ  A 


106  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  )07 

mention  of  Chappawamsic.  It  is  simply  a  misunderstanding  on  the  part 
of  the  author  of  the  book.     Neither  is  there  any  evidence  that  Cuthbert 

•-  Harrison,  father  of  Burr,  ever  came  to  Virginia.     It  is  stated  without 

qualification  that  Burr  Harrison  the  emigrant,  was  father  of  William 

'i'liiT  Harrison.  This  is  probably  true,  but  there  is  no  absolute  proof.  With 
these  exceptions  the  genealogy  seems  to  be  very  well  done.  The  line  of 
descent  from  Burr  Harrison  through  his  son  Mathew,  who  was  the  head 
of  the  Lcesburg  line  is  particularly  full.  Mr.  Harrison  does  not  attempt 
to  give  many  details  nor  to  trace  fully  the  other  branches  of  the  family. 
This  is  being  done  as  far  as  possible  in  the  genealogy  now  in  course  of 
publication  in  the  Magazine,  though  we  will  not  trench  on  Mr.  Harri- 
son's sjjecial  province,  the  descendants  of  Mathew  Harrison.  He  has 
done  that  too  well  to  need  repetition. 

'-:•:'       BURFORD    GENEALOGY    SHOWING   THE   ANCESTORS    AND    DESCENDANTS    OF 

1  ';  .  Miles  Washington  Burford  and  Nancy  Jane  Burford.     By 

Wesley  B.  Burford.     Privately  Printed.     Indianapolis,  1914,  pp. 
133.     Illustrated. 
This  is  a  carefully  prepared  account  of  the  descendants  of  Elijah  Hast- 
ings Burford,  who  was  bom  in  the  town  of  Burford,  Oxfordshire,  Feb.  9, 
1682,  who  emigrated  to  America  in  1713  and  finally  settled  in  Amherst 
•  '■    ■      County,  Va.,  where  he  died  in  1771.     Descendants  through  female  as  well 
:■■ '         .as  male  lines  are  fully  given. 

The  Education  of  the  Negro  Prior  to  1861.    A  History  of  the  Edu- 
cation of  the  Colored  People  of  the  United  States  from  the 
i  Beginning  of  .Slavery  to  the  Civil  War.     By  C.  G.  Woodson, 

«■  Ph.  D.  (Harvard).     G.  P.  Putnams  Sons,  New  York  and  London. 

""■■    •  1915,  pp.  454. 

fen  •         This  carefully  studied  and  valuable  book  goes  into  every  phase  of  the 
•"■  education  of  the  negro  prior  to  1861.     There  may  be  some  things  in  which 

i    •        we  of  the  South  differ   with  the  author;  but  when  it  is  considered 
J.  '''' .     that  this  author  is  a  negro,  we  find  that  the  instances  are  rare.     There  is 
nothing  in  the  title  to  indicate  that  the  author  is  a  negro  and  the  writer 
of  this  notice  has  no  other  information  in  regard  to  him;  but  a  negro  he 
''  certainly  is;  none  but  one  of  his  race  would  write  "Reverend  Thomas," 

«■  "Reverend   Taylor,"    "Reverend   Whitmore"    as  he   does.      It   is   odd 

that  in  spite  of  his  Harvard  Ph.  D.,  this  trait  of  negro  writing  should 
Gs«.  t     remain.     This  is  indeed  only  worth  noting  as  a  curious  example  of  an 
adhering  race  trait,  and   has  nothing  to  do  with   the  merits  of  an  ex- 
cellent book. 

i 
A  List  of  Documentory  Material  Relating  to  State  Constitutional 
Conventions.     Compiled  for  use  in  the  Newberry  Library  by 
Augustus  Hunt  Shearer,  Ph.  D.  of  the  Library  Staff.     Bulletin 
'  of  the  Newberry  Library  No.  4,  Chicago,  1915,  pp.  37. 


,)M    i.f     .."   '.'  rf"'.    ',n  .   r. 


,rT 


':<■  BOOK    REVIEWS.  :  •.      >  107 

The  title  of  this  valuable  publication  is  the  only  needed  description. 
It  should  be  in  every  library  and  in  the  hands  of  all  students  of  Constitu- 
tional history. 

The  Trezevant  Family  in  the  United  States,  from  the  arrival  of  Daniel 
Trei:evant,  Huguenot,  at  Charles  Town,  South  Carolina,  in  16S5, 
to  the  {present  date.     By  John  Timothie  Trezevant,  Columbia, 
S.  C.     The  State  Company  1914,  pp.  122. 
This  is  a  very  careful  and  complete  account  of  one  of  the  most  distin- 
guished of  the  old  Huguenot  families  of  South  Carolina.     Like  otiier 
American  families  it  has  now  spread  to  other  states,  and  has  been  well- 
Icnown  in  Virginia.     John  Trezevant   (1758-1816)  removed  to  Virginia, 
and  served  as  a  surgeon  in  the  Virginia  Continental  Line.     Lewis  Cruger 
Trezevant,  a  nephew  of  John  also  came  to  Virginia ;  so  the  family  has  been 
largely  represented  here.     The  book  is  an  admirable  example  of  gencal- 
logical  work.  ,       . 

The  Preston  and  Virginia  Papers  of  the  Draper  Collection  of  Man- 
uscripts. Publications  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin. Calendar  Series,  Vol.  L,  Madison  Wis.,  1915,  pp.  357. 
That  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society  is  to  publish  a  Calendar  of  the 
Draper  Manuscripts  is  good  news  to  all  students  of  American  history. 
Much  most  valuable  material  from  this  source  has  already  been  pub- 
lished by  the  Society  or  by  individual  writers;  but  a  full  calendar  has 
always  been  greatly  desired.  In  making  a  beginning  the  editors  have 
conformed  to  the  original  arrangement  of  the  manuscripts  and  printed 
first  the  Preston  and  the  "Virginia"  papers.  The  Prestons  and  their 
relations  and  friends  the  Pattons,  Buchanans  and  other  well-known 
Western  Virginia  people  bore  a  leading  part  in  the  settlement  and  de- 
fence of  the  frontier  of  the  Colony  of  Virginia.  The  146  pages  of  the 
calendar  containing  these  papers  include  much  of  great  historical  value. 
The  Virginia  Manuscripts  (pages  147-309)  cover  dates  from  1742  to 
1901,  and  these,  also,  relate  chiefly  to  events  or  people  in  the  western 
portion  of  Virginia.  There  is,  however,  a  great  deal  of  matter  relating 
to  Western  Pa.,  Kings  Mountain,  &e.  The  volume  is  indispensable  to 
to  anyone  interested  in  early  frontier  history.  It  has  an  admirable 
index. 

George  Washington,  Farmer.  Being  An  Account  of  His  Home  Life 
and  Agricultural  Activities.  By  Paul  Leland  Haworth.  Author 
of  The  Path  of  Glory,  Reconstruction  and  Union,  America  in  Fer- 
ment, &c.  With  Many  Illustrations,  Fac-Similes  of  Private  Papers 
and  a  Map  of  Washington's  Estate  Drawn  by  Himself.  Indian- 
apolis. The  Botts-Merrill  Company,  Publishers  [19151,  pp.  33G. 
This  book  is  a  curious  mixture  of  knowledge  and  ignorance.     When 

the  author  is  writing  on  the  subjects  indicated  in  his  title  (and  this,  of 


.«     iiy.     ^iwi     i4       .i(.:vj.-i«<.i 


108  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

course,  comprises  the  chief  part  of  his  book),  he  writes  with  full  know- 
ledge and  does  valuable  and  interesting  work.  .  When  he  writes  of  con- 
ditions in  general  in  Virginia  he  shows  great  ignorance.  The  reason  is 
plain.  In  regard  to  Washington's  home  life  and  agricultural  activities, 
there  is  a  great  mass  of  evidence,  which  Dr.  Haworth  has  carefully  stud- 
ied. There  is  also  elsewhere  a  great  amount,  scattered  it  is  true, 
in  regard  to  agricultural  conditions  in  Virginia,  but  of  this  the  author 
knows  practically  nothing. 

George  Washington's  life,  aside  from  that  portion  of  it  devoted  to 
public  service,  was  that  of  a  great  planter  and  he  was  always  a  most 
devoted  and  painstaking  student  of  agricultural  problems.  We  all  know 
this  is  a  general  way;  but  no  one  who  has  not  read  this  book  can  realize 
how  much  of  interest  there  is  in  the  plantation  side  of  Washington's  life. 
Dr.  Haworth  has  made  a  careful  investigation  of  this,  and  has  brought 
to  light  many  hitherto  unknown  facts. 

"He  hnds  that  Washington  was  one  of  the  great  scientific  farmers  in 
America,  that  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  conserve  the  soil,  that  he  per- 
formed hundreds  of  interesting  agricultural  experiments,  that  he  made 
farming  machinery  with  his  own  hands,  that  he  was  a  pioneer  in  improving 
the  breeds  of  stock,  that  he  was  the  first  American  to  raise  mules,  that 
he  owned  over  sixty  thousand  acres  of  land  and  died  the  richest  citizen 
of  the  Republic. 

He  was  one  of  the  first  American  experimental  agriculturists,  always 
alert  for  better  methods,  willing  to  take  any  amount  of  pains  to  find  the 
best  fertilizer,  the  best  way  to  avoid  plant  diseases,  the  best  methods 
of  cuhivat-on,  and  he  once  declared  that  he  had  little  patience  witn  tliose 
content  to  tread  the  ruts  their  fathers  trod.  Tf  he  were  alive  to-day,  we 
may  be  sure  that  he  would  be  an  active  worker  in  farmers'  institutes,  an 
eager  visitor  to  agricultural  colleges,  a  reader  of  scientific  reports  and  an 
enthusiastic  promoter  of  anything  tending  to  better  American  farming 
and  farm  life." 

So  far  nothing  but  praise  can  be  accorded  to  the  book.  But  when  the 
author  leaves  what  he  has  studied,  and  writes  in  a  cock-sure  way  about 
things  of  which  he  knows  little  or  nothing,  he  goes  far  astray. 

We  A-ill  consider  only  three  subjects,  horses,  sheep  and  coaches.  On 
page  53,  the  author  seems  to  think  that  Randolph's  "Shakespere"  was 
an  exceptional  thmg  in  the  way  of  high  bred  horses.  He  evidently  does 
not  know  that  every  writer  who  treats  of  Colonial  Virginia  speaks  of  the 
quality  of  the  horses.  For  an  instance,  J.  F.  D.  Smyth,  who  v/as  in 
Virginia  in  1772,  says  "Indeed  nothing  can  be  more  elegant  and  beautiful 
than  the  horses  bred  here,  either  for  the  turf,  the  field,  the  road  or  the 
coach."  Of  course,  Dr.  Haworth  does  not  know  that  between  1710  and 
1775, the  names  of  at  least  fifty  stallions  and  thirty  mares, of  thoroughbred 
(or  "blooded"  as  was  the  frequently  used  term)  stock  imported  to  Vir- 
ginia, are  preserved.  The  whole  thing  is  too  obvious  to  waste  time 
in  discussing  farther. 


0*^1 


^    <'  BOOK   REVIEWS.  109 

On  page  55,  he  says  "Sheep  raising  was  not  attempted  to  any  great 
extent."  One  of  course  does  not  know  exactly  what  the  author  means 
by  "any  great  extent,"  but  if  he  means  that  sheep  were  not  common 
in  Virginia,  he  is  again  badly  informed.  Without  asking  him  to  go  to 
manuscript  srmrces,  it  may  be  said  that  if,  to  any  great  extent,  he  had 
examined  the  volumes  of  the  Va.  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography  and 
The  William  and  Mary  Quarterly  he  would  have  found  sufficient  mention 
of  sheep  to  show  him  that  they  were  bred  in  Virginia  to  a  considerable 
extent.  Such  an  examination  shows  the  following  persons  owned  sheep 
(the  references  are  chiefly  to  wills  and  inventories):  George  Menifee, 
1645  (who  bequeathes  his  "Sheep  at  Buckland"  in  Charles  City  County), 
Giles  Brent,  1G71,  James  Godwin,  1688  (had  33  sheep),  Thomas  Taberer, 
1692,  John  Sandford,  1693  (had  24  sheep),  George  Brent,  1694,  John  Pitt, 
1702,  John  Farnefold,  1702,  Samuel  Timson,  1704,  Joseph  Ball,  1711, 
William  Churchill,  1711  (had  118  sheep),  Benjamin  Harrison,  1711, 
William  Armistead,  1714,  Thos.  Ballard,  1711  (had  29  sheep),  Edmond 
Berkeley,  1718,  James  Burwell,  1718  (had  107  sheep),  Robert  Brent,  1719, 
Samuel  Selden,  1720,  Thomas  Chisman,  1722.  Joseph  Walker,  1723, 
Ambrose  Madison  1731  (had  19  sheep),  Robert  Carter,  17-32  (had  573), 
William  Stanard,  1733  (had  29),  John  Tayloe,  1747,  Wm.  Daingerfield, 
1734  (had  300  sheep),  Anthony  Thornton,  1757,  John  Herbert,  1700, 
Philip  Ludwcll,  1767  (had  175),  Benjamin  Ward,  1770  (advertised  for 
sale  at  his  plantation  in  Charlotte  County,  "GOO  choice  sheep"),  Landon 
Carter,  1776  (who  had  at  "Sabine  Hall"  alone,  158  sheep  "in  addition 
to  the  fatted  sheep"),  and  Peter  Presley  Thornton,  1781  (who  had  172 
sheep). 

Even  at  the  end  of  the  Seventeenth  century  sheep  had  become  numer- 
ous. Bruce  {Economic  History  I,  481)  says  "In  the  last  decade  of  the 
century,  the  inventories  reveal  the  fact  that  sheep  formed  a  not  unim- 
portant part  of  many  estates." 

Dr.  Haworth  reaches,  perhaps,  his  climax  of  ignorance  when  he  quotes 
Martha  Washington  (page  49)  as  saying  that  she  remembered  a  time 
when  there  was  only  one  coach  in  Virginia.  If  she  said  this  she  was  at  the 
moment  in  a  state  of  mental  debility  of  which  there  is  no  other  record. 
Coaches  were  not  entirely  unknown  in  Virginia  even  in  the  Seventeenth 
Century  and  as  early  as  1701,  William  Fitzhugh  bequeaths  "both  my 
coaches."  Mrs.  Washington  was  born  in  1732  and  her  first  intelligent 
knowledge  of  such  things  would  have  begun  about  1747.  In  the  middle 
of  the  Eighteenth  century  it  would  be  a  most  conservative  estimate  to 
say  that  there  were,  at  least,  fifty  coaches  in  Virginia.  A  systematic 
examination  of  our  county  records  (such  as  Mr.  Bruce  made  for  the  pre- 
ceding century)  v/ould  easily  prove  this;  but  in  lieu  of  such  research  we 
may  consult  the  volumes  of  the  Va.  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography, 
The  William  and  Mary  Quarterly,  and  a  few  printed  genealogies  which 
contain  wills.  In  a  few  cases,  abstracts  of  unpublished  wills  and  admin- 
istrations, which  were  at  hand,  have  been  used.     The  following  list  has 


ffii  Heoc 


&«i   i»i;ii    ij  lY/i    io»j    ,iiOji'i\jn  i     (3l«">iS    l-,»;'^  I    I'ltrt  ,\     «j3vii'.   v* 


'>n  '-rf  a?'"'/  7»fif;"onsi  io  xmiTfo  /.i 


110  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

been  compiled  from  these  sources  of  men  who  owned  coaches  (or  four  or 
six  horse  chariots,  calashes,  chaises  and  phaetons,  which  amount  to  the 
same  thing).  These  references*  are  mainly  to  wills  and  inventories,  and 
of  course  persons  concerned  had  probably  owned  the  vehicles  for  a  num- 
ber of  years.  The  names  are  as  follows:  William  Churchill,  1710,  John 
Custis  1714,  Edmund  Berkeley  1718,  James  Burwell  1718,  Joseph  Walker 
1723,  Robert  Carter  1726,  (2  coaches),  T.  W.  Belfield  1730,  Alexander 
Spots  wood  1732  (a  coach  and  a  chariot),  Francis  Eppes  1733,  Sir  John 
Randolph  1733,  William  Byrd  2d  1732,  Gawin  Corbin  1739  (in  will  names 
his  white  coachman),  Moore  Fauntleroy  1739,  William  Randolph  1742, 
William  Thornton  1743  ("a  chair  and  a  carriage"),  Benjamin  Harrison 
1743,  Thos.  Nelson  1745,  Richard  Randolph  1747  (a  coach  and  a  chaise), 
Henry  Lee  1747,  John  Tayloe  1st,  1747  (chariot  and  six  horses,  and  coach 
and  fdur  horses),  l^hilip  Lii.;htfoot  1748,  Thomas  Bray  1751,  John  Dixon 
1751,  John  Blair  1751,  John  Lightfoot  1751,  William  Montgomery  1752, 
William  Dawson  1752,  James  Steptoe  1755,  Philip  Grymes  175G,  Philip 
Rootcs  175G,  William  Beverley  1756,  John  Spotswood  175S,  Nicholas 
Meriwether  1758,  Richard  Kennon  1761,  John  Martin  1761,  George  Lee 
1701,  William  Kennon  1761,  Mrs.  Mary  Lee  17G2,  Richard  Eppes  1702, 
John  Tabb  1762,  Clement  Read  1763  (a  chariot  and  a  chair)  Charles 
Carter  1764,  William  Byrd  3d,  1765,  Robert  Page  1765,  Philip  Ludwell 
1767,  Willoughby  Newton  1767,  Peter  Randolph  1707,  John  Wayles  1768, 
Landon  Carter  1770,  William  Nelson  1772,  Wilson  Gary  1772  (a  coach  and 
a  post  chariot),  John  Tayloe  2d,  1773  (a  coach  and  a  chariot),  William 
Daingerfield  1774,  Peyton  Randolph  1774,  John  Nash  1776,  Anthony 
Walke  1776  ("my  newest  chariot  and  four  horses"),  Robert  Burwell  1777, 
Richard  Bland  1777,  Tarleton  Fleming  1778,  David  Minge  1779. 

Turning  to  other  evidence  on  this  subject;  Hugh  Jones  ("Present  State 
of  Virginia,"  1722)  says  "most  people  of  any  note  in  Williamsburg  have 
a  coach,  chariot,  Berlin  or  chaise."  A  traveller  to  America,  whose 
account  was  published  in  the  London  Magazine  in  1746,  states  in  regard 
to  Yorktown,  "Almost  every  considerable  man  keeps  an  equipage,  tho' 
they  have  no  concern  about  the  different  colours  of  their  coach  horses." 
When  the  same  traveller  reached  Williamsburg,  he  was  struck  by  "the 
prodigious  Number  of  Coaches  that  crowd  the  deep,  sandy  Streets  of 
this  little  City."  The  Virginia  Gazette  states  that  on  July  13,  1749  "This 
day  the  Hon.  John  Robinson,  Prcsid't.  and  the  rest  of  the  gent;  of  the 
Council  went  all  in  Coaches  to  wait  on  the  Gov'r.";  and  finally  v.e  quote 
Francis  Jerdone,  a  merchant  of  Yorktown,  who  in  a  letter  dated  Se[)t. 
20,  1753,  acknowledged  the  receipt  of  a  second  hand  chariot  which  had 
been  ;;ent  him  from  London  for  sale,  and  said  "I  now  advise  you  that  I 
have  sold  the  chariot  you  sent  me  by  Capt.  Paterson  for  forty  pistoles 
being  £43  current  to  Col.  ITolke  Moseley,  which  was  the  most  I  could 
make  of  it,  and  if  that  gentleman  had  not  bought  it,  I  believe  it  would 
have  been  on  hand  at  this  time,  second  hand  goods  being  no  way  saleable 
here;  for  our  Gentry  have  such  proud  spirits  that  nothing  will  go  down. 


;yi^ 


BOOK   REVIEWS.  Ill 

but  equipages  of  the  nicest  and  newest  fashions.  You  will  not  believe 
it  when  I  tell  you  that  there  are  sundry  chariots  now  in  the  country  which 
cost  200  guineas  and  one  that  cost  260." 

•The  fol'owing  are  the  printed  sources  fnr  the  statements  made  above:  Virginia  Maga- 
line  of  History  and  Biography.  11.278;  III,  1 25 ,  2tj3 .  391 ;  IV.  06,  03;  V,  145;  VI.  4,  2()8,  3tl9;  VII. 
M.aOS;  IX.  2,«l;  X.  ISII  IWJ;  XI,  424;  XIV.  242.  328.421;  XVI.  97.  98;  XVII.  322.  370.372,  373- 
X\n!.  911,  188.  44(i:  XIX,  87;  XXI,  2U4,  397,  405,  414;  XXII.  278,  442;  William  and  Mary 
Quarterh:  IX,  l()7,21(i,  217;  IV,  Hi,  2(10;  VI,  41,  W,  143.  \M;  VII.  88.  I8.S,  2.">3  3a».  312-  VIH. 
o\l.  40  41,  128,  130.  14(i;  IX.  188;  X.  110;  XII,  150.  ItO,  220.  2.55;  XIII.  40,  205;  XIV,  1^3  101. 
180;  XV,  223;  XVII.  240;  XIX.  270;  XX,  10;  XXI,  175;  Pape's  "Page  Family."  1(;3;  Waters' 
•Gltaninf;';,"  513;  Lee's  "Lee  of  Virginia,"  134,  130,  143;  "Writings  of  Wm.  Byrd"  (Bassett), 
333,  370;  Hayden's  "Virginia  Genealogies,"  59;  "Rootes  of  Rosewali,"  IS;  Gri&th'a  "De- 
scendants of  Nicholas  Meriwether,"  42.  43.  115, 

Christopher  Columrus.  By  Mildred  Stapeley,  New  York.  The  Mac 
Millan  Company,  1915,  pp.  240. 

D.WY  Crockett.  By  William  C.  Sprague.  New  York.  TheMacMillan 
Company,  1915,  pp.  189. 

RonERT  Fulton.  By  Alice  Gray  Sutcliffe,  Great-Granddaughter  of 
Robert  Fulton.  Author  of  "Robert  Fulton  and  the  Clermont," 
&c.     New  York.     The  MacMillan  Company,  1915,  pp.  195. 

Nath.\n  Hale.  By  Jean  Christie  Root.  New  York.  The  MacMillan 
Company,  1915,  pp.  IGO. 

Benjamin  Franklin.  By  E.  Lawrence  Dudley,  Author  of  "The  Isle  of 
Whispers,"  "The  Ghost  Ship,"  &c.  New  York.  TheMacMillan 
Company,  1915,  pp.  232.  .•..•■.•  ,i:      '      i'.    , 

WlLLL\M  Penn.     By  Rupert  V.  Holland,  Author  of  "Historic  Boyhoods," 

"Knights  of  the  Golden  Spur,"  &c.     New  York.     The  MacMillan 
Company,  1915,  pp.  166. 

The  MacMill-.ms  are  doing  a  most  excellent  work  in  the  publication  of 
"True  Stories  of  Great  Americans" — the  general  title  of  the  scries.  In 
contrast  to  various  "true"  biographies  published  previously,  and  which 
were  frL-quently  compounded  of  misinformation  and  trivial  gossip,  these 
books  are  the  result  of  real  scholarly  work.  Though  intended  primarily 
for  younger  readers,  they  will  prove  equally  valuable  to  the  great  mass 
of  people  who  have  no  time  nor  inclination  to  read  long  biographies  and 
yet  are  anxious  to  have  comijact  interesting  narratives  of  prominent 
men,  which  can  be  gone  through  in  a  short  time  and  which  yet  contain 
the  latest  results  of  research  in  regard  to  the  various  subjects.  To  such 
readers  as  well  as  to  school  boys  and  girls,  these  books  can  be  highly 
commended. 


112  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

In  the  Footsteps  of  Napoleon.    His  Life  and  its  Famous  Scenes.    By 

James  Morgrai,  Author  of  "Abraham  Lincoln,  the  Boy  and  Man" 
&c.     New  York.     The  MacMillan  Company,  1915,  pp.  524,  with  33 
illustrations. 
To  those  interested  in  Napoleon — and  who  is  not? — this  is  a  very  in- 
teresting and  timely  book.     Just  before  the  outbreak  of  the  present 
great  war,  the  author  made  a  journey  of  nearly  twenty  thousand  miles 
to  visit  the  famous  scenes  of  Napoleon's  life  and  along  the  line  of  his 
celebrated  marches.      This  alone  would  qualify  an  intelligent   student 
of  the  great  Emperor's  life  to  give  freshness  and  value  to  any  new  book 
about  him.     The  present  great  war  adds  intense  interest  to  nearly  every 
phase  of  Napoleon's  life.     The  author  is  of  the  opinion  that,  though  some 
of  the  parties   to  the  old   combat   have   changed,    sides   "in   their  mo- 
tives and  their  strategy,  the  two  wars  are  strangely  alike,  and  I  have 
depicted  the  earlier  as  the  forerunaer  of  this  later  conflict." 

Some  Emigrants  to  Virginia.  Memoranda  in  Regard  to  Several  Hun- 
dred Emigrants  to  Virginia  During  the  Colonial  Period,  Whose 
Parentage  is  Shown  or  Former  Residence  Indicated  by  Authentic 
Records,  Compiled  by  W.  G.  Stanard.  Second  Edition  Enlarged. 
The  Bell  Book  and  Stationary  Company  Publishers,  Richm.ond, 
Va.,  1916. 

The  first  edition  of  this  book  was  exhausted  early  in  1915,  and 
another,  with  considerable  additions  is  published  this  month. 

The  Majors  and  their  Marriages,   By  James  Brach  Cabell,   with 

Collateral  Accounts  of  the  Allied  Families  of  Aston,   Ballard, 

Christian,  Dancy,  Hartwell,  Macon,  Marable,  Massie,  Patterson 

Pressey,  Seawell,  Stephens,  Waddill  and  others.     The  W.  C.  Hill 

Printing  Co.,  Richmond,  Va.  11915i,  pp.  188. 

Through  minute  investigations  in  the  records  of  Henrico,  Chesterfield. 

Charles  City  and  York  counties,  and  with  the  fortunate  preservation  of 

some  notes  made  from  the  records  of  Nansemond,  Mr.  Cabell  has  been 

able  to  make  a  valuable  addition  to  Virginia  genealogy.     Much  of  the 

work  is  now  presented  for  the  first  time.     This  is  particularly  so  in  regard 

to  the  families  of  Major,  Patteson  and  several  others  included. 

The  author  has  throughout  printed  confirming  or  illustrative  docu- 
ments from  the  records.  The  deductions  seem  to  be  carefully  made 
and  are  mainly,  indisputable;  but  there  does  not  appear  to  be  any 
very  clear  proof  given  that  William  Stephens  of  Warwick  County  was  a 
son  of  Capt.  Richard  Stephens. 

Mr.  Cabell's  book  covers  a  wide  field  and  will  interest  great  numbers 
of  Virginians  and  people  of  Virginia  descent. 


OFFICERS  AND  MEMBERS 


OF  THE 


Virginia   Flistorical   Society 

JANUARY,    1916. 


President. 
W.  Gordon  McCabe,  Richmond,  Va. 

Vice-Presidents. 

Archer  Anderson,  Richmond,  Va. 
Edward  V.  Valentine,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lyon  G.  Tyler,  Williamsburg,  Va. 

Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian. 
WiLLL\M  G.  Stanard,  Riclim.ond,  Va. 

Recording  Secretary. 

D.  C.  Richardson,  Riclimond,  Va. 

Treasurer. 
Robert  A.  Lancaster,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Executive  Committee. 

C.  V.  Meredith,  Richmond,  Va.      \Vm.  H.  Palmer,  Richmord,  Va. 
Chas.  W.  Kent,  University  of  Va.  Rt.Rcv.A.M.RANDOi  I'H,  Norfolk, Va. 
J.  Stewart  Bryan,  Richmond,  Va.  Daniel  Gkinnax,  Richmond,  Va. 
A.  C.  Gordon,  Staunton,  Va.  J.  P.  McGltre,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 

S.  S.  P.  Patteson,  Richmond,  Va.  Wm.  A.  Anderso.v,  Lexington,  Va. 
S.  H.  YoNCE,  Richmond,  Va.  Morgan  P. Rodinsox,  Richmond,  Va. 

and  ex-officio,  the  President,  Vice-Presidents,  Secretaries 
and  Treasurer. 


~\'<^ 


r. 


w    \i    ■  w. ^ 


The  Annual  Meeting  of  this  Society 
will  be  held  early  in  1916.  The  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Meeting  will  be  pub- 
lished in  the  April  Magazine. 


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IV 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Richardson,  D.  C.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Rives,    Hon.    Geo.    Lockhart,    New    York, 

N.  Y. 
Robinson,  Morgan  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Scott,  Frederick  W.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Scott,  Winfield,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Stevens.  Mrs.  Byam  K.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Stires,  Rev.  Ernest,  M.  D.  D.,  New  York, 

N.  Y. 
Stubbs,  Wm.  C..  New  Orleans,  La. 
Swansoii,  Hon.  Claude  A.,  Chatham,  Va. 


Sweet,  Mrs.  Edith  M..  St.  Albans,  W.  Va. 
Talcott,  Col.  T.  M.  R.,  Bon  Air,  Va. 
Waterman,  W.  H..  New  Bedford.  Mass. 
Webb.  W.  Seward,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Wickham,  Henry  T.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Williams,  A.  D.,  Richmond.  \'a. 
Williams,  Thomas  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Winslow,  H.  M.,  Harriman,  Tenn. 
Woodson,  Captain  R.  S.,  U.  S.  A.,  St.  Louis, 
Mo. 


ANiNUAL  MEMBERS.* 


',hr 


(   .;!u 


Abney,  John  R.,  Nev/  York,  N.  Y. 
Adams.  Samuel  F.,  South  Boston,  Va. 
Adams,  Vi'alter,  Framingham.  Mass. 
Addison,  E.  B.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Adkins.  S   B.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Aguilar  de,  Mrs.  P.  B.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Alexander,  F.  W.,  Oak  Grove.  Va. 
Alexander,  Dr.  W.  T.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Allen,  E.  W.,  Savannah.  Ga. 
Allen,  Herbert  F.  M.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Ambler,  Ben.  Mason,  Parkcrsburg,  W.  Va. 
Ames,  Mrs.  Joseph  S.,  Baltimore.  Md. 
Ancell,  Rev.  B.  L.,  YanRchow,  China. 
Anderson.  Col.  Archer.  Richmond,  Va. 
Anderson,  B.  P.,  M.  D.,  Colorado  Springs, 

Col. 
Anderson,  Charles  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Anderson,  Davis  C,  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
Anderson,  Edward  L.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Anderson,  W.  A.,  Lexington,  Va. 
Andrews,  Prof.  C.  M.,  Yale  University,  New 

Haven,  Conn. 
Antrim,  Hugh.  Richmond,  Va. 
Atkins.  Mrs.  G.  W.  E.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Atkinson,  Thomas,  Richmond.  Va. 
Austin-Leigh.  Richard  A..  London,  Eng. 
A.xtell,  Decatur,  Richmond,  Va. 


Bagby,  Mrs.  Parke  C  Richmond,  Va. 
Baker.  C.  C  Azusa,  Cal. 
Baker,  Mrs.  Gibbs  L.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Ballard,  N.  H.,  Brunswick,  Ga. 
Barbour,  John  S.,  Fairfax,  Va. 
Barham.  Dr.  W.  B.,  Xewsoms,  Va. 
Barton,  R.  T.;  Winchester,  Va. 
Baskcrvill,  P.  H.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Baync.  Howard  R.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Beatty,  Mis.  John.  Blackwell.  Oklahoma. 


Beckett,  John  T..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Bcckwith.  Thomas  S..  Sr.,  Petersburg,  Va. 
Beer.  George  Louis,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Beirne,  Francis  F.,  Baltimore.  Md. 
Bell,  Landon  C,  Columbus.  Ohio. 
Bell.  Robert  O.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Belmont.  August,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Belt,  Mrs.  Eliz.  Talbot.  Millen.  Ga. 
Bennett,  Robert  R-,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Best,  Frank  E..  Chicago,  111. 
Beveridge,  Hon.  A.  J.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Blackstock,  Ira  B.,  Springfield.  111. 
Blair,  Miss  Louisa  Coleman,  Richmond,  Va. 
Blow,  A.  A.,  Gloucester  Co.,  Va. 
Boatwright,  Mrs.  Gertrude  F.  H.,  Roanoke, 

Va. 
Boisscau,  Sterling.  Richmond,  Va. 
Boisscau,  P.  H.,  Danville.  Va. 
Boiling.  Charles  E..  Richmond,  Va. 
Boiling,  Stanhope.  Richmond.  Va. 
Bondurant,  Dr.  Eugene  D.,  Mobile,  Ala. 
Booker,  Mrs.  Hunter  R.,  Hampton,  Va. 
Boreman,  R.  J.  A.,  Parkersburg.  W.  Va. 
Bosher,  Mrs.  Robert  S.,  Richmond,  \'a. 
Bourgeoisie.  Mrs.  A.  C.  St.  Louis.  Mo. 
Bowles.  Henry  L.,  Denver,  Col. 
Bowling.  Benjamin  L.,  Urbanna,  111. 
Boyle,  Mrs.  P.  A..  Birmingham,  Ala. 
Boyle,    Mrs.    Virginia    Frazier,    Memphis, 

Tenn. 
Bradshaw,  Mrs   Rosena,  Padecah,  Ky. 
Branch,  John  K.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Brodhead,  Mrs.  Lucas.  Vers-nilles.  Ky. 
Brooke.  George  D..  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 
Brooke.  Richard  .\'..  Wa.shincton.  D.  C. 
Brooke.  Richard.  Newark.  Ohio. 
Brooke.  Robert  T.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 
Brooke,  S.  S..  Roanoke,  Va. 
Brooke.  Dr.  T.  V..  Suthcrlin,  Va. 
Brown,  P.'of.  W.  G.,  Columbia,  Mo. 


•This  list  also  includes  subscribers  to  the  Magazine. 


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LIST  OF  MEMBERS 


Brov/n,  J.  Thompson,  Richmond,  Va. 
Brown,  Wallace  F.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Bruce,  Hon.  C.  M.,  Clarkton,  Va. 
Bruce.  Philip  Alexandfr,  Norfolk.  Va. 
Bruce,  Mrs.  Mary  Howard,  Richmond,  Va. 
Bryan.  George,  Richmond.  Va. 
Bryan,  Thomas  P.,  Kichmond,  Va. 
Bryan,  St.  George  T.  C.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Budlong,  Mrs.  Milton  J.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Bukey,  Mrs.  John  Spencer,  Vienna,  Va. 
Bullard,  Mrs.  B.  F.,  Savannah,  Ga. 
Bullitt,  VVm.  Marshall,  Louisville,  Ky, 
Burges,  Richard  F.,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Burruss,  Mrs.  Nathaniel,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Burwell,  D.  S.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Byrd,  Samuel  M.,  Kosciusko,  Miss. 


Callahan,  G.  C.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Cameron,  Col.  Benthan,  Stagville,  N.  C. 

Cameron,  Gcort;e.  Petersburg,  Va. 

Campbell,  Mrs.  A.  A.,  WytheviUe,  Va. 

Campbell.  R.  K.  Washington,  D.  C. 

Cannon,  G.  Randolph.  Richmond,  Va. 

Capps.  W.  L.,  U.  S.  N.,  Washington,  D.  0. 

Cargill,  Mrs.  T.  A.,  Houston,  Te.xas. 

Carpenter,  Pay  Director  J.  S.,  U.  S.  N.,  Bos- 
ton, Mar>s. 

Carr,  Frank  Overton.  Wichita,  Kansas. 

Carter,  Mill.  Ashland,  Va. 

Cartwright,  Mrs.  S.  .\.  Brooke,  Washing:ton, 
D.  C. 

Cary,  T.  Archibald,  Richmond,  Va. 

Catlctt,  Mrs.  Richard  H..  Staunton,  Va. 

Chamberlayne,  Churchill  G.,  Richmond, 
Va. 

Chandler,  Prof.  J.  A.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Chandler,  R.  G..  Chicago.  111. 

Chandler,  Walter  T.,  Chicago,  111. 

Chauncy,  Mrs.  Agnes  C,  Narberth,  Pa. 

Chilton,  W.  B.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Christian,  Judge  Geo.  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Christian,  Walter,  Richmond,  Va. 

Claiborne,  Dr.  J.  H.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Clark,  W.  Welch,  Danville.  Va. 

Clark,  Wm.  Hancock,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Clarke,  P.  N..  Louisville,  Ky. 

Clayton,  Joseph  C,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Clement.  Mrs.  N.  E.,  Chatham,  Va. 

Clyde,  W.  P.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Cobb,  Win.  H.,  Elkins,  W.  Va. 

Coflin,  Charles  P.,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Coke,  Captain  John  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Coleman,  Charles  W.,  Washington,  D.  C 


Coles,  Mrs.  T.  B.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  ' 

Colston,  Edward,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Cook,  Miss  Mary  E.,  Columbus,  Ga. 
Cooke,  Mrs.  James  P.,  Concord,  N'.  C. 
Coolidge,  Archibald  C,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Corbin,  Richard  Beverley,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Corbin,  Richard  W.,  Newport.  R.  I. 
Corbett.  Mrs.  L.  G.,  Greenville,  S.  C. 
Courtney,  Miss  Emma,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Co.\,  General  Wm.  R..  Penelo.  N.  C. 
Cram.  Mrs.  R.  A.,  Boston,  Mass. 
Crenshaw,  S.  Dabney,  Richmond,  Va. 
Cridlin,  W.  B..  Richmond,  Va. 
Crittenden,  W.  L.,  Stigler,  Okla. 
Croasdaile,  Mrs.  Richard,  Canton,  Ohio. 
Crocker,  .Major  J.  F.,  Portsmouth,  Va. 
Crockett,  R.  H..  Franklin,  Tcnn. 
Crump,  Judge  Beverley  T.,  Richmond,  Va. 
CuUeton,  Leo.,  London,  Eng. 
Outright,  W.  B.,  Buckhannon,  W.  Va. 


Dabney,  Dr.  William  M.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Dabney,  Prof.  R.  H.,  University  of  Va. 
Daingerfield,  Francis  Lee,  Alexandria,  Va. 
Dandridge,  Miss  Mary  E.,  Cincinnati,  O. 
Darling,  Mrs.  Frank  W.,  Hampton,  Va. 
Daughters,  A.  R.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Davenport,  G.  A.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Denham,  Edward,  New  Bedford,  Mass. 
Denson,  C.  B.,  Raleigh  N.  C. 
Dickey,  Judge  Lyle  A.,  Lihue,  H.  T. 
DooUttle,  Mrs.  Wm.  W.,  Passadena,  Cal. 
Doran.  J.  J.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Doremus,  Mrs.  C.  A.,  New  York,  N.  Y.       ■,. 
Downing,  George  C,  Frankfort,  Ky. 
Dnscoll,  Mis.  Owen  E.,  Charlottesville,  Va. 
Duke,  Judge  R.  T.  W.,  Jr.,  Charlottesville. 

Dunn,  John,  M.  D.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Dupont.  Col.  H.  A.,  Winterthur,  DeL 
Duval,  Miss  Maria  P.,  Charlestovvn,  W.  Va. 
Dwight,  Dr.  E.  W.,  Boston,  Mass. 


Easley,  J.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
East,  John  P.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Eaton,  George  G.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Eckenrode,  Dr.  H.  J.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Ellis,  Wade  H..  Washington,  D.  C. 
EUyson,  Hon.  J.  Taylor,  Richmond,  Va. 
Embrey,  Judge  Alvin  T.,  Fredericksburg, 
Va.  .  .  ..  . 


*■"-■■ ..  -1 


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Sil:  ...'.  -d. 


.  '-5 


VI 


VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


Empie,  Adam,  Wilmineton,  N.  C. 
English,  Mrs.  W.  E.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Eskridae,  R.  S.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
Eustace.  Wm.  Corcoran,  Oatlands,  Va. 

Farragiit,  Loyall,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Farrar,  Edgar  H.,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Faulkner,  C.  J.,  Boydton,  Va. 
Feild,  W.  P.,  Little  Rock.  Ark. 
Feldhauser,  Mrs.  Goode  K.,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
Ferrell,  Mrs.  Chas.  C,  Anson,  Te.x. 
Fife.  Prof.  R.  H..  Middletown,  Conn. 
Fitzhugh,  Gen.  Chas.  L.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 
Fitzhugh.  E.  H.,  Montreal,  Can. 
Flctnher,  William  Meade,  Sperryville,  Va. 
Fontaine,  W.  W.  Austin,  Tex. 
Fountain,  General  S.  W.,  U.  S.  A.,  Devon, 

Pa. 
Fox,  Fred.  L.,  Sutton,  W.  Va. 
Frances,  Mrs.  Charles  E.,  Bedford,  Ind. 
Freeman,  D.  S.,  Richmond,  Va. 
French,  Dr.  Jno.  Herndon,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Furlow,  Floyd  C,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Gaines,  C.  Carrington,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 
Garland,  Spotswood,  Wilmington,  Del. 
Garner,  J.  W.,  Falls  Church,  Va. 
Gibson,  Rt.  Rev.  Robt.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Gilbert,  Mrs.  R.  M.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Glover,  Rolfe  E.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Good.  D.  Saylor.  Roanoke.  Va. 
Goodwin,  Rev.  E.  L.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Goodwyn,  Mrs.  W.  S..  Emporia,  Va. 
Gordon,  Armistcad  C,  Staunton,  Va. 
Gray.  Henry  W..  Jr..  Hartford.  Conn. 
Gregory.  George  C,  Rio  Vista,  Va. 
Grinnan,  Judge  Daniel,  Richmond,  Va. 
Grinnan,  John  C  Norfolk,  Va. 
Groome,  H.  L.,  Warrenton,  Va. 
Guthrie,  John  W.,  Flagstaff,  Arizona. 

Hagan.  John  C,  Richmond.  Va. 
Hairston.  S.  W..  Roanoke.  Va. 
Hamilton,  .Alexander,  Petersburg,  Va. 
Hamilton,  Mrs.  Amelia  C,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Hardy,  Miss  Stella  Pickett,  Batcsville.  Ark. 
Harpel.  Mrs.  Almeda  B..  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 
Harris,  A.  B.  B..  Chicago.  III. 
Harrington.  Howard  S..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Harris  Alfred  T.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Harris,  Graham  H.,  Chicago.  III. 
Harris,  John  T.,  Jr.,  Harrisonburg.  Va. 
Harrison,  Mrs.  Carter  H.,  Staunton,  Ya. 
Harrison,  Hon.  Francis  Burton,  Manila,  P.I. 
Harrison,  Geo.  T.,  M.D..  Charlottesville.  Va. 
Harrison.  Robert  L.,  New  York.  N.  Y. 


Harrison,  W.  Preston,  Chicago,  III. 
Harvie,  Miss  Anne  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Hawes,  S.  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Hays,  Francis  B.,  Oxford,  N.  C. 
Heatwole,  Prof.  C.  J.,  Harri.ionburg,  Va. 
Heath,  James  E.,  Norfolk,  \'a. 
Hempstone,  W.  D.,  Lcesburg,  Va. 
Herbert,  Col.  Arthur,  Alexandria,  Va. 
Herbert.  R.  Beverley,  Columbia.  S.  C. 
Herndon.  J.  W,.  Alexandria.  Va. 
Heyer,  Mrs.  Mary  B..  Wilmington,  N.  C. 
Higgins,  Mrs.  D.  P.,  Joliet.  111. 
Hill.  W.  M..  Richmond.  Va. 
Hine.  Major  Cha,les  DcLano.  Vienna,  Va. 
Hogg.  Mrs.  Clara  H.  D..  Cadiz.  Ohio. 
Holladay.  A.  Randolph,  Richmond,  Va. 
Holmes.  J.  T..  Columbus.  Ohio. 
Holt.  R.  O.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hord.  Rev.  A.  H.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Horsley,  Dr.  J.  Shelton,  Richmond,  Va. 
Howard,  Mrs.  Eleanor   Washington,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
Howard,  Major  McHenry,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Hughes.  A.  S.,  Denver,  Col. 
Hunt,  Gaillard,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hunter.  James  W..  Norfolk.  Va. 
Hunton.  Eppa.  Jr.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Hurt,  George  P.,  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Hutcheson,  H.  F.,  Boydton.  Va. 
Hutcheson.  Mrs.  J.  C.  Houston.  Tex. 
Hutchins,  W.  S.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Hutchinson.  Gary  T..  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Hyde.  Mrs.  Charles  R.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

James,  Mrs.  J.  O.,  Petersburg,  Va. 
Jameson,  Mrs.  S.  W..  Roanoke,  Va. 
Jarman,  Prof.  J.  L..  Farmville.  Va. 
Jcflress.  T.  F.,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Va. 
Jenkins,  Luther  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Jewett.  W.  K..  Colorado  Springs.  Col. 
Johnson,  B.  F.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Johnston,  Dr.  Geo.  Ben.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Johnston,  Miss  Mary,  Warm  Springs,  Va. 
Jones,  Fairfax  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Jones,  Judge  L.  H.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Jones,  W.  Strother,  Red  Bank,  N.  J. 
Junkin,  Francis  T.  A.,  Chicago,  111. 

Kable,  Mrs.  W.  G.,  Staunton,  Va. 
Reach,  Mrs.  O.  A.,  Wichita,  Kan. 
Keim,  Mrs.  Betty  L.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Kelly,  Mrs.   Effie  Bowles   Richmond,  Va. 
Kemper,  Charles  E.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Kent,  Prof.  C.  W.,  University  of  Va. 
Kimber,  A.  L.,  Chicago,  111. 


D 

.:i  y. , 


.LM  .-J-! 


.«V 


.ftAMilA 


.Y  .W.jtioV 


LIST  OF  MEMBERS 


VII 


Lamb.  E.  T..  Norfolk,  Va. 
Lambert,  Mrs.  W.  H.,  Germantown,  Pa. 
La  Monte,  Geo.  M.,  Bound  Brook,  N.  J. 
Lancaster,  R.  A.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  V 
Lathrop,  Bryan,  Chicago,  111. 
Lav/ton,  Mrs.  James  M.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Leake,  J.  Jordan,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lecky,  Robert,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Ledbetter,  Mrs.  C.  R..  Little  Rock,  Ark. 
Lee,  Blair.  Washington,  D.  C. 
Lee,  R.  E.,  Jr.,  Fairfax  County,  Va. 
Le  Grande,  Mrs.  J.  H.,  Tyler,  Tex. 
Leigh,  Egbert  G.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Levy,  Jefferson  M.,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Lev/is,  Charles,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Lev/is,  Herbert,  L  Wast  Point,  Va. 
Lewis,  Judge  Lunsford  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lodge,  Hon.  H.  C,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Lomax,  E.  L.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Long.  E.  McL.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Lorton.  Heth,  Garden  City,  L.  L.  N.  Y. 
Loyall,  Captain  B.  P.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Lukeman  H.  Augustus,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Maddox.  E.  L.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 
Mallory,    Lt.    C.    K.,    U.    S.   N.,    Syracuse, 

N.  Y. 
Mallory,  Col.  J.  S.,  U.  S.  A.,  Culebra,  Canal 

Zone. 
Maloncy,  Mrs.  Eva  Grant,  New  Castle,  Va. 
Mangum,  Mrs.  Wm.  W.,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Markham,  George  D..  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Mnstin,  Mrs.  Geor-,e  R.,  Lexington,  Ky. 
Matthews,  Albert,  Boston,  Mass. 
Maxwell,  Mrs.  AUi  on,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Mayo,  E.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Mayo,  Mrs.  Etta  Booth,  Commerce,  Tex. 
Mayo,  P.  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Mercer,  Mrs.  William  P.,  Elm  City,  N.  C. 
Meredith.  Charles  V.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Meredith,  Philip  T.,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa. 
Meriwether,  Mrs.  Minor,  Shreveport,  La. 
Merrill.  Mrs.  Lida  W.,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 
Meyer.  Mrs.  Augu;t  R.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 
Miller,  Rudolph  P.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Minnigerode,  Charles,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Minor,  Benj   S.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Mitchell.  Robert,  Richmond,  Va. 
Mitchell,  Kirkwood.  Richmond,  Va. 
MofTett.  Miss  Edna  V..  Wellesley,  Mass. 
Montague.  Hill,  Richmond,  Va. 
Moore,  Warner,  Richmond,  Va. 
Morehcad,  C.  R.,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Morgan,  Dr.  D.  H.,  Amelia  C.  H.,  Va. 
Munford,  Mrs.  Beverley  B.,  Richmond.  Va 
Munford.  R.  B.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Myers,  Barton,  Norfolk.  Va. 


McAllister.  A.  S..  New  York.  N.  Y. 

McAllister,  J.  T.,  Hot  Springs,  Va. 

McBryde,  Dr.  J.  M.,  Blacksburg,  Va. 

McCabe,  Capt.  W.  Gordon,  Richmond.  Va. 

McCluer,  W.  B..  Chicago,  111. 

McClung,  C.  M..  Kno^iville,  Tenn. 

McConnell,  Prof.  J.  P.,  Radford,  Va. 

McCormick,  R.  Hall,  Chicago,  111. 

McCormick,  Harold  F.,  Chicago,  111. 

McDonnel,  Mrs.  Eugene,  Fort  Howard.  Md. 

McFadden,  Charles,  Jr..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

McGraw,  John  T.,  Grafton.  W.  Va. 

McGuire.  Dr.  Edward,  Richmond,  Va. 

McGuire,  Mrs.  Frank  H.,  Richmond,  Va, 

McGuire,  John  Peyton,  Jr.,  Richmond.  Va. 

McGuire,  Murray  M.,  Richmond,  Va. 

McKim,  Rev.  Randolph  IL,  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Mcllwaine,  Dr.  H.  R.,  Richmond,  Va. 

McIIwaine,  W.  B.,  Petersburg,  Va. 

Mcintosh,  Charles  P.,  Norfolk,  Va. 

McKenny.  Miss  Virginia  Spotswood.  Peters- 
burg, Va. 

McNeil,  Mrs.  Walter,  Richmond,  Va. 

Nash,  Dr.  F.  S.,  U.  S.  N..  Washington,  D.  C. 

Neilson,  Miss  Lou,  Oxford.  Miss. 

Nichols,  Rt.  Rev.  W.  F..  San    Francisco, 

Cal. 
Nixon,  Lewis.  Metuchen,  N.  J. 
Nor  veil,  Mrs.  Lipscomb,  Beaumont. Texas. 

Osborne,  W.  L.  H..  Glade.  Oregon. 
Outerbridge.  Mrs.  A.  J.,  University,  Va. 
Owen,  Thomas  M..  Montgomery.  Ala. 

Padgitt,  Mrs.  J.  Tom,  Coleman,  Texas. 

Page,  Mrs.  Mann,  Elizabeth,  N.  J. 

Page.  S.  Davis,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Page,  Rosewell,  Beaver  Dam,  Va. 

Page,  Hon.  Thomas  Nelson.  American 
Embassy,  Rome,  Ita^y. 

Palmer,  Mrs.  Potter,  Osprey,  Fla. 

Palmer,  Col.  William  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Parker.  Col.  John,  Brovvsholme  Hall,  Cle- 
thiroe.  Lancashire,  Eng. 

Parker,  W.  S.  R.,  Beaumont,  Texas. 

Patteson,  S.  S.  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Paxton,  T.  B.,  Jr..  Cincinnati,  O. 

Payne,  John  B.,  Chicago.  111. 

Pegram,  Lt.  John  C,  U.  S.  A..  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

Penn,  Mrs.  James  G.,  Danville,  Va. 

Pcscud,  Peter  F.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Peterkin,  Mrs.  George  W.,  Parkersburg, 
W.  Va.     ■ 


IXY  :^  „.<\  to  raid 


-rs^Hl .. 


.«u«T.:  -i  -siW  .!'"'•'  ■»>'»^ 


»\    -^-'»*  "»  ^i 


.•V.J 


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.*..       *  .*/    -  *K    ^  -'•      '• 


VIII 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


Pettus.   William  J..   M.   D.,  U.   S.   Marino 

Hospilal  Service,  Charleston,  S.  C. 
Phelps,  Wni.  B.,  Duluth.  Minn. 
Pinckarl,  W.  P.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 
Pinckncy,  C.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Pleasants,  Edwin,  Richmond,  Va. 
Pleasants,  Dr.  J.  Hall,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Plummer,  .Miss  Lucy  Dupuy,  Chicago,  111. 
Poindexter,  Judge  Miles,  Spokane,  Wash. 
Poinde.xter,  W.  W'.,  Lynchburg,  \'a. 
Pollard,  Henry  R.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Powell,  J.  E.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Prentiss,  Judge  R.  R.,  Suffolk,  Va. 
Purcell,  Col.  J.  B.,  Richmond.  Va. 

Raines,  Dr.  Thomas  H.,  Savannah,  Ga. 
Raine,  T.  C,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Ramey,  Mrs.  Alice  Lewis,  Brownwood,  Tex. 
Randolph,  Rt.  Rev.  A.  M..  D.  D.,  Norfolk, 

Va. 
Randolph,  Epes,  Tucson,  Ariz. 
Randolph,  .Mrs.  Robert  Lee.  Alexandria,  La. 
Randolph,  Tom,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Redman,  Ray  C,  Vincennes,  Ind. 
Reed,  P.  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Richardson,  Albert  Levin,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Richardson,  Wm.  D.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Ridgeley,  Mrs.  Jane  M.,  Springfield,  111. 
Rives,  Mrs.  W.  C,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Rc'Bards,  Col.  John  Lewis,  Hannibal,  Mo. 
Robcrson,  Mrs.  J.  Fall,  Cropwell,  Ala. 
Roberts,  Miss  Sarah  B.,  Dupree's,  Va, 
Roberts,  Mrs.  James  W.,  .Marietta,  Ohio. 
Robertson,  Frank  S.,  Abingdon,  Va. 
Robertson,  John  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Robertson,  Thos.  B.,  Eastville,  Va. 
Robins,  Dr.  C.  R..  Richmond,  Va. 
Robinson,  i^lexander  G.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Robinson,  Judge  C.  W.,  Newport  News,  Va. 
Robinson,  P.  .M.,  Clarksburg,  W.  Va. 
Rockwell,  Mrs.  Eckley,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Roller,  Gen.  John  E.,  Harrisonburg,  Va. 
Rose,  Mrs.,  Charles  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Rose,  Mrs.  Robert  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Rowland,  Miss  Kate  Mason,  Richmond,  Va. 
Rucker,  Mrs.  B.  H.,  Rolla.  Mo. 
Ryan.  Thos.  P.,  Oak  Ridge,  Va. 

Sampson,  Henry  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Sands,  Alexander  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Savage,  N.  R.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Scherr,  Henry,  Williamson,  W.  Va. 
Schouler,  Prof.  James,  Intervale,  N.  H. 
Schuck,  L.  E..  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Schwartz,  J.  L.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Scott,  Geor,'.c  Cole,  Richmond,  Va. 


Scott,  Thomas  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Scott,  W.  W.,  R  chmond,  Va. 
Semmes,  Raphael  T.,  Savannah,  Ga. 
Shearer,  W.  B.,  .New  Orleans,  La. 
Shepherd,  Dr.  Wm.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Shine,  Dr.  Francis  Eppes,  Bisbee,  Ariz. 
Shippen,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Lloyd,   Washington 

D.  C. 
Sim,  John  R.,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Sitterding,  Fritz,  Richmond,  Va. 
Slaughter,  A.  D.,  Chicago,  111. 
Smith,  Mrs.  A!da  L.,  Belton,  S.  C. 
Smith,  H.  M.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Smith,  Mrs.  Rosa  Wright,  Fort  Sill,  Okla. 
Smith,  Willis  B..  Petersburg,  Va. 
Smith,  Captain,  R.  C.  U.  S.  N.,  New  York, 

N.  Y. 
Smith,  W.  D.  G.,  Castleton,  Vt. 
Smithwick,  Mrs.  Martha,  C.  D.,  Memphis, 

Tenn. 
Southgate,  T.  S.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Southall,  Rev.  S.  O.,  Dinwiddle.  Va. 
Spencer,  Mrs.  Samuel,  Washington,  D.  0. 
Spencer,  J.  H.,  Martinsville,  Va. 
Spilman,  Gen.  B.  W.,  Warrenton,  Va. 
Stanard,  W.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Staton,  Mrs.  James  G.,  Williamston,  N.  C. 
Stearnes,  Arthur  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Steiger,  E.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Stettinius,  Mrs.  E.  R.,  Dongan  Hill,  Statea 

Island,  N.  Y. 
Stevens,  B.  F.  and  Brown,  London,  Eng. 
Stevens,  Prof.  H.  Morse,  Berkeley.  CaL 
Stewart,  Miss  Annie  C,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 
Stewart,  Miss  E.  Hope,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 
Stewart,  Miss  Norma,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 
Stewart,  Miss  Lucy  W.,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 
Stewart,  Rev.  J.  Calvin,  Richmond,  Va. 
Stewart,  J.  A.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Stiles,  Mrs.  Barnett,  Winslow,  Arizoria. 
Stone,  Miss  Lucie,  P.,  Hollins,  Va. 
Strother,  Henry,  Fort  Smith,  Ark. 
Strother,  James  French,  Welch,  W.  Va. 
Strother,  Hon.  P.  W.,  Pearisburg,  Va. 
Stuart,  Hon.  Henry  C,  Elk  Garden,  Va. 
Symington,  Miss  Edith,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Taliaferro,  Mrs.  Richard  P.,  Ware  Neck,  Va. 
Taylor,  Dr.  Fielding  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Taylor,  Jacquelin  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Taylor.  John  M  ,  Richmond,  Va. 
Taylor,  Prof.  T.  U.,  Austin,  Texas. 
Taylor,  \\.  E.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Terhune,  Mrs.  E.  T.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Thomas,  Douglas  H.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Thompson,  Jliss  Geor.re.  Ft.  Worth,  Texas. 


x>  y. 


V   V 


LIST  OF  MEMBERS 


U>    II 


IX 


Thompson,   Mrs.   Maurice,   Chicago,  III. 
Thompson,  Mrs.  W.  H.,  Lexington,  Ky. 
Thornton,  Mrs.  Chainpe  F.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Thornton,  R.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Throckmorton,  C.  Wickliffe,  Boeme,  Texas. 
ThruEton,  R.  C,  Ballard,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Tidball,  Prof.  Thomas  A.,  Sewanee.  Tenn. 
Tiffany,    Mrs.   Louis   McLane,    Baltimore, 

Md. 
Torrencc,  W.  Clayton,  Richmond,  Va. 
Trabtr,  Mis.  Herman,  Muskogee,  Oklahoma 
Travers,  S.  \V.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Trippe,  Mrs.  M.  W.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Tucker,  H.  St.  George,  Lexington,  Va. 
Tunstall,  Richard  B.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Tunstall,  Robert  B.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Turner,  Rev.  C.  H.  B.,  Waycross,  Ga. 
Turner,  D.  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Turner,  Morton  \V.,  Roanoke,  Va. 
Tyler,  Dr.  Lyon  G.,  Williamsburg,  Va. 

Valentine,  B.  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Valentine,  E.  V.,  Richmond,  Va. 
V'alentine,  G.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Valentine,  M.  S.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Victor,  E.  K.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Vincent,  George  A.,  Fairmount,  \V.  Va. 

Waggenci ,  B.  P.,  AtLl.iion,  Kan. 

Walker,  G.  A..  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Walker,  J.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Walker,  Norvell  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Waller,  E.  P.,  Schenectady,  N.  Y. 

Walling,  Jilrs.  Willoughby,  Chicago,  111. 

Ware,  Mrs.  L.  C,  Staunton,  Va. 

Watson.  Mrs.  A.  M.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Washburne,  Mrs.  Mary  M.,  Louisville,  Ky. 

Watts,  Judge  Legh  R.,  Portsmouth,  Va. 

Wayland,  Prof.  J.  W.,  Harrisonburg,  Va. 

Webster,  Admiral  Harrie,  U.  S.  N.,  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Wellford,  B.  Rand.  Richmond,  Va. 

Wertenbaker,  Prof.  T.  G.,  Princeton  Uni- 
versity, Princeton,  N.  J. 


White,  J.  B.,  Kansas  City.  Mo. 

White,  Miles,  Jr.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

White,  William  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Whitner,  Charles  F.,  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Whitridge,  Mrs.  Wm.  H.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Whitty,  J.  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Wight,  Mrs.  Agnes  D.,  Cockeysville.  Md. 

Willard,  Mrs. Joseph  E.,  American  Embassy, 
Madrid,  Spain. 

Williams,  E.  Randolph,  Richmond,  Va. 

Williams,  Mrs.  F.  L.,  Bristol.  R.  I. 

Williams,  Langbourne  M.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Williams,  Mrs.  S.  W.,  Salem,  Va. 

Williamson,  H.  M..  Portland,  Oregon. 

Willson,  Mrs.  Howard  T.,  Virden,  III. 

Wilson,  Col.  Eugene  T.,  U.  S.  A.,  Cristo- 
bal, Canal  Zone. 

Winston,  James  O.,  Kingston,  N.  Y. 

Wise,  Mrs.  Barton,  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Wise,  Prof.  Henry  A.,  Norfolk.  Va. 

Wise,  Col.  Jennings  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Wise,  John  C,  M.  D.,  U.  S.  N.,  Washington 
D.  C. 

Wise,  Rear-Admiral  Wm.  C,  U.  S.  N. 

Wise,  Wm.  H.,  Chicago.  III. 

Withers,  Alfred  D.,  Roane's,  Va 

Woodhull,  Mrs.  Oliver  J.,  San  Antonio,  Tex, 

Woodward,  Dr.  E.  L.,  The  Plains.  Virginia 

Worsham,  John  C,  Henderjon,  Ky. 

Wortham,  Coleman,  Richmond,  Va. 

Wrenn,  Rev.  Virginius,  Amelia  C.  H.,  Va. 

Wright,  E.  E.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Wyatt,  Wm.  H.,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Wynn.,  Mrs.  James  O.,  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Wynne,  Miss  Mae,  S.  M.,  Huntsville,  Texas. 

Wysor,  Harry  R.,  Muncie,  Ind. 


Yoakum,  R.  B.,  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
Yonge,  Samuel  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 


Zimmer,  W.  L.,  Petersburg,  Va. 


LIBRARIES— Annual  Members. 


American  Geographical  Society,  New  York, 

N.  Y. 

Boston  Public  Library,  Boston,  Mass. 
Brooklj'n  Public  Library,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Brown  University  Library,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Califorriia  Society,  S.  A.  R.,  Los  Angeles, 

Cal. 
Carnegie  Free  Library,  Alleghany,  Pa. 


Carnegie  Free  Library,  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Carnegie  Library,  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Carnegie  Library,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
Chicago  Public  Library,  Chicago,  111. 
Chicago  University  Library,  Chicago,  IlL 
Cincinnati  Public  Library,  Cincinnati,  O. 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  Public  Library. 
Coast  Artillery  School  Library,  Fort  Mon- 
roe, Va. 


XI 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


IfT 


Colonial  Dames  of  State  of  New  York,  New 

York,  N.  Y. 
Cornell  University  Library,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 
Cossitt  Library,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Department  of  Archives  and  History,  Jack- 

son.  Miss. 
Detroit  Public  Library,  Detroit,  Mich. 


Georgetown  University  Library,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 
Goodwin  Institute  Library,  Memphis,  Tenn. 
Grosvenor  Pub.  Library,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


Hampden-Sidney  College  Library,  Hamp- 

den-Sidney,  Va. 
Hampton   N.    and   A.    Institute    Library, 

Hampton,  Va. 
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THE 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 

Vol.  XXIV.  April,  1916.  •         No.  2 


Report  of  the  Journey  of  Francis  Louis  Michel  from 

Berne,  Switzerland,  to  Virginia,  October  2,(1) 

1701-December    1,    1702. 


Part  II 


Translated  and  edited  by  Prof.  Wm.  J.  Hinke,  Ph.  D. 

Now  I  return  again  to  York  Town,  where,  as  mentioned  be- 
fore, we  arrived  on  April  8th.  On  one  side  lies  York,  opposite 
Closter  [Gloucester].  On  the  following  day  the  captain  de- 
parted for  Willemsburg,  where  the  Governor  resides,  a  dis- 
tance of  about  18  miles,  to  announce  his  arrival.  At  night  he 
returned  again.  On  the  10th  we  went  to  him  to  learn  whether 
we  could  land.     He  replied,  the  Governor  had  been  informed 

(1)  After  the  first  part  was  in  print,  the  translator  noticed  that  he 
had  failed  to  render  one  sentence  correctly.  It  is  the  last  sentence  on 
page  37  of  the  Magazine,  continued  on  page  38.  It  should  read  as  fol- 
lows: "The  fourth  and  last  kind  are  flying  [squirrels),  very  small  and 
pretty,  of  t)rown  color,  but  with  a  white  belly.  They  lly  only  in  the 
evening  or  at  night.  Instead  of  wings  they  have  loose  skin  along  the 
side  of  their  body  which  they  spread  when  they  fly  or  jump." 

On  page  19,  note  *,  a  misprint  was  overlooked.  It  should  read  "Mr. 
Stanard  very  kindly  furnished  notes  30-33,  36,  37,  40-42,  and  49." 

The  editor  of  the  Magazine,  Mr.  Stanard,  very  kindly  contributes  the 
following:  notes  to  this  part:  Nos.  2a,  3,  5,  7,  11,  12,  24,  25,  26,  27,  40,  -13. 


S  joVi 


Q  .ff«T  -ijIxTtir  .r  .mV/  .V)i<I  vd  ba? 


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114  VIKGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  .   ., 

of  our  arrival,  (because  of  the  four  French  families,  with  whom 
I  traveled) .  He  congratulated  us  on  our  arrival.  We  were  also 
allowed  to  go  where  we  pleased.  We  asked  him  [the  captain] 
for  peiToission  to  leave  oiu'  clothes  and  the  rest  of  our  goods  in 
the  vessel  until  we  had  explored  the  land  and  had  foimd  a 
suitable  ]^lace  for  us  to  settle  in.  He  consented  to  this.  To- 
getl.er  with  two  Frenchmen  (the  name  of  the  one  was  Peir,  the 
other  Fal:)attier,  (2)  honest  and  good  people)  I  had  myself  at 
once  brought  to  shore,  on  the  Closter  [Gloucester]  side.  It 
gave  us  great  pleasure  when  we  could  again  step  on  land  for  the 
firsi  time.  It  was  in  the  most  beautiful  season  of  the  3'ear, 
the  flo\Aers,  trees,  birds,  their  song  and  ever^'thing  we  saw  bore 
no  compaiison  to  European  things.  The  lovely  fragrance  of  the 
many  trees  that  blossomed,  their  strange  species  and  leaves  de- 
ligl'lcd  us  not  a  little. 

After  we  had  passed  through  the  forest  for  several  miles,  we 
sa^^'  at  our  right  and  left  plantations  or  farms  (for  as  already 
indicate']  peojjle  do  not  live  closel)^  together,  but  each  one 
selects  a  suitable  place,  where  he  finds  good  soil,  pasture  and 
water.)  Finally  we  became  i  arious  to  know  how  the  houses 
looked  inside  and  what  food  people  were  eating.  We  entered 
one  which  stood  near  the  road,  but  no  one  was  at  hom.e,  except 
the  maid  servant,  whom  we  asked  for  some  water.  She  gave 
us  also  some  food,  a  species  of  small  white  beans,  cooked  with 
bacon,  which  had  been  prepared  for  the  overseers  of  the  slaves. 
It  was  good.  The  food  prepared  for  the  negroes  that  v/ork  was 
pounded  Turkish  maize,  cooked  in  water,  called  hominy,  a 
healthy  food.  The  bread  was  made  of  the  above-mentioned 
com,  baked  on  the  fire (2a).  We  did  not  like  it  very  mv:ch 
and  could  hardly  eat  it.  The  bread,  baked  in  an  oven,  is  better. 
Bread  is  also  made  of  wheat,  but  not  for  the  slaves  or  servants. 

Before  I  continue  my  journey  I  find  it  necessary  to  report  a 
good  habit  or  custom  which  prevails  there  with  regard  to 
strangers  and  travelers.  Namely,  it  is  possible  to  travel 
through  the  whole  coimtry  without  money,  except  when  ferry- 

(2)  Pierre  Sabattie  occurs  .several  times  as  godfather  in  the  baptismal 
record  of  King  William  Parish. 

(2a)  This  was  the  ash  cake  now  almost  as  unfamiliar  to  Virginians 
as  to  Michel. 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  '  115 

ing  across  a  river,  which  costs  not  less  than  1  bitt  or  4  Batzen. 
In  the  first  place,  there  is  little  money  in  the  country,  the  little 
that  is  found  there  consists  mostly  of  Spanish  coins,  namely 
dollars.  Tobacco  is  the  money  with  which  payments  are  made. 
There  are  also  few  ordinaries  or  inns.  Moreover,  it  is  not  a 
country  in  which  much  traveling  is  done,  though  the  inhab- 
itants visit  one  another.  Even  if  one  is  willing  to  pay,  they  do 
not  accept  anytliing,  but  they  are  rather  angry,  asking,  whether 
one  did  not  know  the  custom  of  the  country.  At  first  we  were 
too  modest  to  go  into  the  houses  to  ask  for  food  and  lodging, 
which  the  people  often  recognized,  and  they  admonished  us  not 
to  be  bashful,  as  this  was  the  custom  of  rich  and  poor.  We 
soon  became  accustomed  to  it.  Thus  we  continued  our  joumc}'. 
It  was  our  purpose  to  travel  to  ?\Iattabany(3),  where  Swiss 
people  were  living,  especially  a  man  named  Willion,  known  to 
me  from  military  service,  another  of  the  Pays  de  Vaux  de 
Bcxd),  back  of  the  bailiwick  of  Aehlen,  who  was  lieutenant 
captain  under  Saccona3^  After  we  had  proceeded  some  dis- 
tance, we  saw  the  Closter  [Gloucester]  Church,  (5)  standing 
solitary  in  the  forest,  which  I  have  already  mentioned  as  being 
one  of  the  most  beautiful,  built  of  bricks.  From  there  we  con- 
tinued through  the  forest.  We  met  a  man  on  horseback  (it  is  a 
strange  sight  to  see  anyone  traveling  on  foot)  whom  we  asked 
about  the  way.  For  the  guidance  of  those  not  knowing  the 
way  it  is  only  necessary  to  watch  the  signs  that  are  found  on 
trees  along  the  great  high  road.  Ever}'  year  white  places  are 
cut  into  the  trees  with  hatchets,  by  the  removal  of  the  bark. 
There  are  so  many  ways  that  otherwise  one  could  easily  go 
astray.  There  are  many  paths  that  lead  to  plantations, 
others  have  been  made  by  the  cattle  or  the  game.  The  man 
on  horseback  just  mentioned,  asked  us  where  we  came  from  and 
where  we  intended  to  go  to.  He  told  us  that  not  far  from  that 
place  Swiss  people  were  living.     I  was  anxious  to  see  them. 

(3)  Mattabany  {Mattapony) — Willion,  is  he  known?  Possible  Willeroy, 
a  name  still  found  in  King  William  County. 

(4)  Pays  de  Vaux  de  Bex  is  the  Canton  of  Waadt  in  Switzerland, 
called  Pays  de  Vaux  in  French.  Bex  is  a  small  town  near  the  R^one 
river.  South-east  of  Aigle,  to  which  Michel  refers  by  the  German  name 
Aehlen. 

(5)  Gloucester  Church.  From  the  statement  that  he  soon  reached 
the  Swiss  peo!)le  at  Mattapony,  this  was  probably  Petsworth  Church. 


o.t 


115  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

We  reached  the  house  in  a  short  time.  I  expected  to  find 
[French]  Swiss,  but  met  there  the  four  sisters  Lerber(G)  fr^m 
Berne.  I  do  not  want  to  stop  to  describe  their  condition. 
It  would  be  very  desirable  if  they  had  someone,  who  could 
manage  their  place  and  secure  servants  for  them.  Their 
mother  died  shortly  after  their  arrival.  From  there  we  con- 
tinued our  journey.  In  the  evening  we  came  to  a  kind-hearted 
man,  of  whom  we  inquired  about  the  way,  but,  as  it  was  late, 
he  did  not  want  us  to  proceed,  but  gave  us  good  lodging.  He 
showed  us  an  unoccupied  farm,  which  he  was  willing  to  let  us 
have  for  a  year  without  rent,  but  we  did  not  like  it.  There 
are  many  people  who  have  plantations  for  rent.  Two  to  five 
pounds  secures  a  good  dwelling,  and  as  much  land  as  one  can 
work.  Most  of  the  wealth  consists  in  sla\'es  or  negroes,  for  if 
one  has  many  workmen,  much  food-s.tuff  and  tobacco  can  be 
produced.  These  negroes  are  brought  annually  in  large  num- 
bers from  Guine  and  Jamaica,  (the  latter  of  which  belongs 
to  England)  on  English  ships.  They  can  be  selected  according 
to  pleasure,  young  and  old,  men  and  women.  They  are  entirely 
nalced  when  they  arrive,  having  only  corals  of  different  colors 
around  their  neck  and  arms.  They  usually  cost  from  18-30 
pounds.  They  are  life-long  slaves  and  good  workmen  after 
they  have  become  acclimated.  Many  die  on  the  journey  or 
in  the  beginning  of  their  stay  here,  because  they  receive  meagre 
food  and  are  kept  very  strictly.  Both  sexes  are  usually  bought, 
which  increase  afterwards.  The  children  like  the  parents 
must  live  in  slavery.  Even  if  they  desire  to  become  Christians, 
it  is  only  rarely  permitted,  because  the  English  law  jjrescribes 
that  after  seven  years'  service  they  are  [in  that  case]  to  be  freed, 

(b)  The  following  note  is  found  in  the  "Berne  Year  book,"  page  83f. 
about  these  ladies.  They  were  probably  the  daughters  of  Francis  Lud- 
wig  Lerber,  Secretary  to  the  city  treasurer  of  Berne,  who  had  the  fol- 
lowing daughters:  Anna  Barbara,  born  1675;  Anna  Magdalena,  born 
1070;  Catharine,  born  1078;  Maria,  born  1680;  Johanna  Margaretha,  born 
1082;  and  Barbara  Elizabeth,  born  1085.  In  the  proceedings  against 
the  Annabaptists  at  that  time  the  "Lerber  sisters"  are  mentioned.  It 
is,  therefore,  probable,  though  not  certain  that  they  left  Switzerland, 
because  of  their  faith.  In  Brock's  Huguenot  Emigration  to  Virginia, 
page  33,  "Madame  Iferbert  and  her  four  daughters,"  is  mentioned  as  a 
Swiss  settler.     Could  they  be  identical  with  these  ladies? 


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THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  117 

(7)  in  accordance  with  the  Mosaic  law.  When  a  slave  is  bought 
from  the  captain  of  a  ship,  he  is  not  jjaid  at  once,  but  the  slave  so 
bought  usually  plants  tobacco,  in  order  that  the  captain  may  be 
paid  with  it.  Lately,  before  my  departure,  I  was  over  night  on  a 
ship,  which  several  days  before  had  come  from  Guine*  with 
230  slaves.  They  get  them  there  for  a  small  sum,  as  also  gold 
and  ivory,  but  a  hundred  of  them  died  on  the  journey  to  Vir- 
ginia. It  is  said  to  be  a  very  unhealthy  country.  Half  of 
the  sailors  died  also,  including  the  brother  of  the  captain, 
who  had  sailed  along  as  clerk.  The  others  were  sickly  and 
yellow  in  their  faces.  It  often  happens  that  the  ships  must  be 
left  in  Guine,  because  everybody  dies  of  sickness.  The  cap- 
tain, to  whom  I  refer,  was  named  Schmid.  He  almost  shared 
the  same  fate.  I  was  surprized  at  the  animal-like  people, 
The  savages  [Indians]  are  a  far  better  breed.  Among  such  peo- 
ple food  tastes  so  badly,  that  one  can  hardly  stand  it.  The 
negro  fever  is  due  to  this,  because  it  is  their  common  sickness. 
It  clings  to  ],eople  for  a  long  time  and  emaciates  them  very 
much. 

To  return  lo  my  fonner  journey,  After  five  days  we  came  to 
my  countrymen,  who  had  arrived  in  this  coiuitry  two  years 
ago(S).  We  were  sur])rized  at  the  good  condition  they  had 
reached  in  so  short  a  time.  Especially  one  of  them,  born  at 
Neiienstatt(9),  was  well  provided  with  house,  cattle  and  grain. 
The)'  are  the  last  settlers  on  the  side  of  Mattabany.  Mr. 
Willon  had  not  becom.e  accustomed  to  such  v/ork  and  did  not 
have  the  means  at  that  time  to  buy  slaves.  Besides,  his  house 
burnt  dovnr  once  with  all  of  its  contents.  They  entertained 
us  according  to  their  ability.  We  stayed  with  them  for  two 
days.     But  their  conditions  [of  settlement]  which  they  had  made 

(7)  Was  there  such  a  law?  Under  various  Virginia  laws  servants 
over  19  years  of  age,  coming  in  without  indentures  were  to  serve  five 
years.  In  16G7,  the  Assembly  enacted  that  baptism  of  slaves  did  not 
free  them.  As  the  parish  registers  show,  the  baptism  of  slaves  soon 
became  common. 

(*)     This  is  French  Guinea  in  West  Africa,  called  Guinee  by  the  French. 

(8)  This  Swiss  colony  at  Mattapony  was  probably  a  branch  of  the 
Huguenot  colony  at  Manakintown.  Michel  dates  its  establishment  in 
the  year  1700. 

(9)  Neuenstatt,  usually  called  by  its  French  name  Neuveville,  lies 
at  the  Lake  Bicnne,  in  the  Canton  of  Bcme,  Switzerland. 


Vii 


118  ^  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE  ! '.* 

with  IV'kijor  Borell(lO),  did  not  suit  us.  They  were  to  i>lant 
and  clear  the  land  for  fourteen  years.  Meanwhile  he  would 
advanee  to  them  whatever  they  needed.  They  in  return  were  to 
give  him  one-third  of  the  cattle,  together  with  several  100  pounds 
of  to])acco  annually,  repay  the  money  loaned  and  at  the  end 
of  the  above  mentioned  years  he  should  be  free  to  decide 
whether  he  would  allow  them  to  stay  there  any  longer  or  not. 
This  agreement  did  not  suit  us,  although  it  [the  settlement] 
was  located  at  a  cheerful,  healthy  and  good  place.  We  bade 
them  farewell,  hoping  that  we  would  find  a  more  suitaljle 
place.  It  is  very  important  to  make  inquiries  first  l:;efore 
settling.  We  traveled  on  the  other  side  of  tlie  stream,  between 
two  ri\ers  for  about  50  miles  till  we  came  to  Westpoint,(ll) 
where  two  rivers  part,  aS  stated  above.  As  the  river  is  \-ery 
broad  and  the  ferryman  lives  on  the  other  side,  it  is  customar>'  to 
make  a  smoke.  As  soon  as  he  notices  it,  he  comes  across. 
Each  person  must  pay  one  shilling  as  fare. 

We  had  forty  miles  to  travel  to  Willemsburg  to  greet  the 
Go\'ciT.or.  Mr.  Peir  had  a  letter  of  recomniendation  to  give 
to  him,  which  is  of  miuch  ^^^sistance  in  such  places.  We  came 
to  see  him  one  morning,  when  he  had  sent  for  us  and  had  read 
the  letter.  We  had  to  go  with  him  to  prayers  because  it  was 
time  for  them.  Afterwards  he  asked  us  what  our  desire  was. 
We  told  him,  nam.ely,  to  settle  at  a  favorable  place  and  we  asked 
him  to  give  us  advice.  He  promised  to  remember  us  and  told 
his  Secretary  [Edmund  Jenings]  to  take  us  to  the  Bishop, 
who  is  also  called  President  Blair,  with  instructions  to  inform 
us  what  the  custom  and  usage  of  the  country  was.  Before 
leaving  he  ordered  dinner  to  be  served  to  us,  with  command  to 
treat  us  well.  The  servants,  however,  are  not  on  good  terms 
with  the  French  and  did  not  carry  out  the  order  right.  They 
gave  us  soup  with  fresh  ham  and  some  small  beer.  But  the 
butler  took  us  into  the  cellar,  filled  with  all  sorts  of  strange 

(lOj     This  was  no  doubt  Major  Lewis  Burwell,  of  "Carter's  Creek,' 
Gloucester  County,  and  "Kings  Creek,"  York  County.     He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Council  itnd  died  Dec.  19,  1710. 

(11)  Westjwint,  at  the  head  of  York  River,  where  the  Mattapony  and 
Pamuiikey  meet,  was  on  a  large  tract  of  land  owned  by  Col.  John  West, 
Jr.,  nephew  of  Lord  Delaware.  In  1691,  a  town  was  establi.shed  here 
whicli  was  named  Delaware  in  1705. 


CMf    1 


v..ifr 


<.0»J   111  *>. 


'  •  *■'  THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  119 

driiiks.  He  gave  us  some  English  stout,  very  strong,  after- 
wards Rhine  wine.  The  Governor  drinlvs  no  wine  nor  sLrong 
drinl-:.  From  there  we  went  with  the  Secretary  to  jMr.  Blair, 
who  recei\'cd  us  courteously  and  dranlv  to  our  welcome  from 
silver  vessels.  After  he  had  been  informed  of  our  desire,  he 
laid  before  us  a  number  of  points  in  the  French  language  as 
well  as  he  could  (for  he  could  speak  only  a  little  French). 
He  told  us  that  it  depended  upon  us  entirely,  whether  we  would 
take  up  some  college  land  according  to  custom,  as  mucli  as  we 
desired,  and  for  three  years  without  taxes.  After  that  time  v/e 
would  liave  to  pay  the  royal  taxes,  namely,  every  male  jjerson 
who  had  reached  the  16th  year,  annually  100  pounds  of  tobacco 
and  about  the  same  amount  for  the  Church.  These  are  all  the 
taxes.  When  this  small  amount  is  paid,  one  enjoys  freedom 
and  protection  in  this  country.  This  proposition  suited  us 
much  beitc-r  than  the  first  at  ivlattabany.  Nevertheless, 
in  view  of  the  worship,  my  companions  preferred  to  see  Man- 
igkinton  tirst,  for  they  have  a  preacher  there  paid  by  the  King. 
The  soil  there  is  also  mueh  better  and  more  fertile  than  in  most 
places  in  Virginia.  Besides,  the  settlers  there  have  seven  years 
in  which  they  pay  nothing.  We  therefore  postponed  decision, 
wishing  neither  to  refuse  nor  to  accept  this  offer,  but  we  took 
it  under  advisement.  On  the  same  day  we  went  to  Mr.  Fo''s, 
[Fouace]  to  whom  I  have  already  referred.  He  gave  us  liow- 
ever  a  short  answer.  The  reason  was  that  he  had  done  mueh 
for  the  French  but  they  had  rewarded  hira  ill.  He  told  us 
that  when  twelve  Frenclimen  were  together,  ten  of  them  wore 
no  good  and  not  worth  getting  a  lodging.  We  attempted  to 
excuse  ourselves  as  well  as  we  could,  but  it  was  of  no  avail. 
He  asked  whether  we  had  the  mark  [of  our  worth]  on  us,  by 
\\'hich  we  could  be  recognized.  Later,  when  he  heard  from  our 
cajjtain  how  we  had  acted  on  the  ship,  he  showed  us  much 
kindness  and  love. 

/\fter  we  had  been  away  till  the  20th  of  April,  we  returned  to 
our  people,  who  were  very  anxious  for  tis  and  were  afraid  that 
something  had  happened  to  us.  In  the  morning  the  captain  in- 
formed us  that  he  had  to  sail  to  Westpoint  and  he  would  like  to 
have  ns  remove  our  goods,  which  v/as  agreeable  to  us.     Wc  had 


«II 


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1>! 


ft  <{...; 


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in 


120  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

our  boxes  and  barrels  removed  from  our  sloop  to  another.  The 
c-a])tain  gave  us  two  sailors  to  take  us  to  Kinskrig  [Kings- 
creek]  ( 12)  not  far  from  Willemsburg.  Then  we  took  leave  of 
him.  He  promised  to  be  ready  at  all  times  to  help  us,  except 
one  of  us,  an  aged  man,  who  had  lost  his  wife  on  the  journey, 
named  Savori.  He  would  have  to  pay  his  passage,  because  he 
had  made  the  captain  angry  several  times  and  had  had  many 
quarrels  with  him.  As  soon  as  we  had  left  the  ship,  they 
weighed  their  anchors  and  sailed  40  miles  farther  up  into  the 
country.  We  made  only  5  miles  tonight,  then  anchored. 
On  the  following  day,  however,  with  good  wind  we  sailed  to 
the  abo\-e  mentioned  Kingscreek.  We  ran  against  an  oyster- 
hank  and  had  to  wait  there  for  two  hours,  till  the  tide  came. 
At  three  o'clock  we  reached  our  destination,  where  we  left  the  boat 
lo  look  for  a  place  in  the  nearest  houses  to  store  and  get  shelter 
for  our  goods.  There  was  on  a  hill  a  house  next  to  our  peoi)le, 
I.L'if  'nging  to  a  man  Refhubert.  All  of  us  made  a  weekly  agree- 
nent  with  him  for  ten  shillings.  We  unloaded  the  goods 
a  id  l)rcught  them  on  land  that  evening,  but  because  there 
was  .so  much  of  them  and  it  was  already  late  we  could  not  get 
tl-icni  into  the  house.  We  intended  to  keep  vratch  with  them. 
Tovards  midnight  we  went  there  all  together  with  rifles  to 
\\'atch.  We  made  a  fire,  but  soon  there  came  such  a  thunder- 
storm and  rain  that  our  fire  v/as  quickly  extinguished.  We  lay 
down  under  a  sack  with  covers  and  mantles,  but  we  could  hardly 
siand  it  half  an  hour.  Finally  we  got  very  wet  and  as  no  im- 
I'rovcmtnt  could  be  expected  and  as  it  rained  still  faster,  we 
k  "i  our  post.  We  had  the  greatest  trouble  to  get  up  the  hill, 
A\  i;ich  v;as  overgrown  with  trees,  and  find  our  way  to  the  house, 
r.  ihe  morning  we  found  everything  in  good  condition.  We 
carried  our  goods  that  day  into  the  house  and  counselled  about 
taking  ::  new  journey.  Together  with  Sabattier  I  was  a])- 
ij>;)intcd  to  trax'cl  to  Manigkinton,  which  was  about  75  miles 
distant.  On  the  23rd  we  started  on  our  journey,  telling  the 
others  to  take  good  care  of  themselves.  I  had  a  map  of  the 
country  ^^•ilh  me  which  was  ver}'  serviceable.  I  also  took  my 
rifle  and  l^ayonet  along,  ]:)artly  to  shoot  partridges,  which  we 
(12)     Kings  Creek  flows  into  York  River. 


.tKis' 


li  ,K 


■fwti.; 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  121 

had  met  on  our  last  journey  in  large  numbers,  partly  for  the 
sake  of  security,  although  there  is  not  the  least  danger  to  travel 
in  lh:U  country  because  of  wicked  people.  But  in  case  of  travels 
to  and  bej'ond  the  frontiers,  none  goes  without  a  rifle  because 
of  the  savages. 

After  a  three  days'  journey  we  came  to  Falensgrig  [Falling 
creek']  during  which  time  nothing  of  note  happened  to  us.  We 
found  good  lodging  places  everywhere  and  since  the  people 
love  strangers,  we  had  a  good  time.  During  the  day  we  shot 
tiirtle-doves  which  are  found  there  in  large  numbers,  together 
AA  ith  some  partridges.'  From  there  it  is  25  miles  to  the  [French] 
ci>l(jny  through  the  wilderness.  On  the  way  there  were  no 
houses,  hence  we  were  concerned  about  going  astray.  We  had 
received  the  best  possible  instructions  as  to  the  situation  of 
the  ]  ilace.  Hence  we  left  the  river  on  our  right.  Thus  we  could 
noi  go  astray,  as  the  place  lies  on  the  river.  In  the  morning 
VL  started  our  journey.  We  met  some  countrymen  armed, 
who  came  from  a  plantation.  We  asked  whether  they  came 
from  a  hunt,  they  said  no,  but  that  it  was  not  safe  in  this 
region  because  of  the  savages.  After  we  had  followed  till 
nexrn  a  path,  pointed  out  to  us,  over  hills  and  valleys,  Vv'e 
finalh  came  to  two  roads  and  did  not  know  which  one  to  take. 
Wc  took  the  one  on  the  right  hand,  which  we  followed  till 
eA  ening.  We  saw  no  end  and  became  impatient  thinking 
that  Vv"e  had  missed  the  right  way.  The  outlook  was  for  a 
tlanderstorm  and  night  was  approaching.  We  marched, 
according  to  the  best  of  our  ability,  till  we  saw  a  little  house, 
1)  .1  found  no  sign  that  anybody  lived  there.  We  continued  a 
li  tie  farther,  when  we  saw  a  number  of  huts.  But  they  were 
i'M  abandoned.  Finally  we  saw  smoke,  which  gladdened  us 
vox  a  little.  When  we  reached  it,  it  was  a  small  house  with  no 
one  in  it,  and  as  the  rain  began  to  fall,  we  went  in  and  started  a 
fire.  The  house  was  in  sad  condition  regarding  beds  and  fur- 
riiiure,  nor  v/as  food  there  in  abundance,  only  a  piece  of  game 
and  a  little  bread.  From  there  we  came  in  half  an  hour  to  a 
F.enehman,  who  was  cutting  down  a  tree.     He  told  us  that  wo 


isr 


07/ 


■{'  \a>>i  jH 


122  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  

were  near  Manigkinton,(13)  which  we  reached  soon.  I  recog- 
nized at  once  a  man  from  Aargau,(14)  who  gave  me  lodging 
and  was  very  glad  to  meet  a  countryman.  On  the  follov.ing 
morning  I  visited  two  French  Swiss,  named  Nicon  and  Detoit.(l5) 
The  first  is  lieutenant  of  the  place.  They  are  richh'  provided 
witli  e\'erything.  The  governor  dined  with  him  recenth/. 
The  captain  or  head  of  the  place  is  a  surgeon  by  profession, 
named  Chaltin,(16)  who  had  long  resided  at  Ifferton  [Yverdon, 
Switzerland].  We  vrent  to  the  pastor,  Air.  Dujoux.(17)  Since 
his  house  burnt  down  recently  he  lodged  in  the  church,  which  is 
still  very  small,  but  £200  have  been  set  aside  to  build  a  new 
churcli.  Conditions  here  differed  in  every  respect  from  those 
of  other  places.  Things  that  are  grown  are  there  in  such 
abundance  that  many  Englislimen  come  a  distance  of  30  miles 
to  get  fruit,  which  they  mostly  exchange  for  cattle.  Gardens 
are  filled  there  v/ith  all  kinds  of  fruit,  especially  the  garden  of 
the  man  from  Aargau.  The  cattle  are  fat  because  of  the 
abundant  pasture.  The  soil  is  not  sandy,  as  it  is  generally 
in  Virginia,  but  it  is  a  heavy,  rich  soil.     Each  person  takes  50 

(13)  Beverley  in  his  History  of  Virginia,  ed.  1725,  part  IV,  page  45 1 
describes  the  settlement  of  the  Huguenots  at  Manakintown  as  follows: 
"In  the  year  1G99,  there  went  over  about  three  hundred  of  these,  and  the 
year  following  about  two  hundred  more,  and  so  on,  till  there  arrived  in 
all,  between  seven  and  eight  hundred  men,  women  and  children."  They 
were  settled  on  a  tract  of  10,000  acres  about  twenty-five  miles  above  the 
falls  of  the  James  River,  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  in  what  is  now 
Powliatan  County.  The  district  had  formerly  been  occupied  by  the 
Monacan  tribe  of  Indians,  after  whom  the  settlement  retained  its  name 
Mon;'.c:m  (Manakin)-town.  A  disagreement  in  the  second  year  of  their 
settlement  caused  many  to  leave,  so  that  in  May  1701  there  were  about 
250  settlers  left.     See  Brock,  Huguenot  Emigration  to   Virginia. 

(14)  Aargan  is  a  Canton  in  the  northern  part  of  Switzerland,  adjoin- 
ing the  Canton  of  Basle. 

(15)  The  nearest  approach  to  Nicon  is  Abraham  Nicod,  who  came  to 
Manakin-town  as  a  member  of  the  first  colony,  see  Brock,  1.  c,  p.  45. 
Pre.  Dutoit  is  mentioned  in  a  list  of  French  Protestants  in  King  William 
Parish,  of  about  the  year  1714,  They  may  be  identical.  See  Brock,  1.  c, 
p.  74. 

(,1G)  Chaltin  is  probably  ide.itical  with  Stephen  (Etienne)  Chastain, 
who  came  with  his  wife  Martha  as  a  member  of  the  first  colony  (Brock, 
1.  c,  p.  45).  They  had  four  children  (Brock,  1.  c.,  p.  21),  among  whom 
were  probably  Jean  and  Pierre  Castain.  They  were  prominent  about 
1714.     Brock,  1.  c,  p.  74. 

(17)  Rev.  Benjamin  De  Joux,  formerly  pastor  of  the  Reformed  Church 
at  Lyon,  headed  the  second  colony.  He  served  as  pastor  till  1704.  An 
inventory  of  his  estate  is  dated  April  1,  1701,  sec  Brock,  1.  c,  pp.  VIII, 
13,  20. 


):•-  '. 


.aMiSASA;-  ^« 'I,. 


9ffT     .-nn\p:ein   trf^fifurff: 


'    ■.;  THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  123 

paces  in  width,  the  length  extends  as  far  as  one  cares  to  make  it 
or  is  willing  to  work  it. (18)  I  have  already  mentioned  that  the 
Indians  had  a  town  there  and  how  it  was  destroyed.  Since 
that  time  trees  have  not  grown  very  large,  so  that  in  a  short 
time  and  x\ith  little  effort  a  large  place  could  be  cleared  for 
building  purposes.  I  have  seen  there  the  most  awful  ;vild 
grapevirics,  whose  thickness  and  height  are  incredible.  There 
are  several  kinds  of  grapes,  the  best  are  as  large  as  a  small  nut. 
They  make  fairly  good  wine,  a  beginning  has  been  made  Lo 
graft  them,  the  prospects  are  fme.(19)  It  is  much  healthier 
there  than  towards  the  ocean.  The  country  is  full  of  ^-arne  and 
fish.  The  Indians  often  visit  there,  bringing  game,  iimi  and 
oiher  smaller  things.  There  is  a  good  opportunity  to  trade 
wrch  skms.  They  [the  Indians]  often  bring  pottery  and  when 
desired  fill  it  with  com.  There  are  more  than  CO  fPrenrh] 
families  there. (20)     They  all  live  along  the  river. 

Lately  two  wealthy  gentlemien  came  and  had  buildings  erected 
there,  because  of  its  convenient  location.     In  a  word,  we  saw 
that  this  place  would  be  ver}-  useful  to  us.     To  further  our  end 
the  nnmsler  gave  us  a  letter,  signed  by  the  officials  of  the  place 
and  addressed  to  the  Governor,  requesting  that  we  might  en- 
joy the  same  privileges(21)  as  they  did,  which  was  later  granted 
by  the  State  Council.     We  left   there  much  pleased  and  re- 
turned to  our  people,  where  we  made  everything  ready  for  our 
journey  thither.     We  rented  a  sloop  which  carried  our  bag- 
gage till  Falensgrig  [Falling  creek].   Thence  with  carts  and  horses 
It  was  brought  to  the  proper  place,  v/here  we  occupied  our  land 
I  handed  mine  over  to  Mr.  Dutoit,  who  will  manage  it  in  my 
absejice^Hnstructed  him  to  malce  every  preparation,  so  that, 
1.  ^c^\x  ^T^  ^"""'''^  atlvi^kin-town  was  allowed  133  acres,  see  Brock, 

(19)  This  is  corroborated  by  Beverley,  who  writes:  "The  last  vear 
they  began  an  Essay  of  Wine,  which  they  made  of  Wild  Grapes  eathe^d 
m  the  Woods;  the  effect  of  which  was  a  Noble  strong  bS  Claret  of 
a  curious  flavour."     Ed.  1725,  part  IV   p   46  'claret,  ot 

(20)  On  May  10,  1701,  Col.  Randolph,  Capt.  Eppes  and  Capt    Webb 

Brocl^  1    c"t"4'^""'  ""^^  '''"'  '°""'  ''''''  "^°"'  seventyTutrsee 

wis  crea^ted'^n^r''''  ^'  V^^'  ^^e  French  settlement  at  Manakintown 
w^as  created  mto  a  separate  parish,  King  William's  Pari.sh,  with  their 


.:li 


124  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE 

When  I  rctuni,  he  can  carry  out  my  intention.     I  re-^etted  not 
a  httle  that      was  not  sufficiently  provided  with  m  an'aTd 
hence  eornpelled  to  returti.     About  400  dollars  are  ZtJ^ 
.      n  order  to  set  up  a  man  properly,  namely  to  enable  hta    o 
bu3  _t«-o  slaves,  with  whom  i„  two  years  a  beautiful  fam,  can 
be  cleared,  because  the  trees  are  far  apart.     Afterwar™      " 
settler  must  be  provided  with  cattle,  a  horse    cost^.a 
us^al  price  4  lbs.,  a  cow  with  calf  50  shilH  g;,  a  n  a  e  PI    0 
h,lh„,,s,     Funiiture  and  clothes,  together  wifh  took  and  pr 
to  be"'         >rr'  ""''  ''^°  ^  °"  *'■'""'      "  -  indeed  posdbfc 
pass  by  before  one  gets  into  a  good  condition.     The  one  «*o 

n,uTh    Wore"  if  ™  'T  "-'''•  '''"""''  ''^^  ™<^  --"  -•« 
much,  before  he  can  make  progress  by  his  work  alone      By 

ear   t^  he'  "    b'  T"  "  '"'  '"'°  ^"^^  ^  -"*"-  '^e  firs 

™h^  ewm!  nV  ""  f'"'  '"""'^y'  "here  it  is  possible 
.  ith  sc  UH  means  and  so  easily  to  make  an  honest  livinJ  and  be 

•       ban  o.r™f '"T-     ^"^  '™  "™"'^  -"  -'-  -  bigge  C, 

tub,  "LT':;  ""  ^f"^'""--  incredibly  fast  fvithott 

°e  is  ,;i  merr       '"  '^■'>""'"''-'"™-     When  a  tree  or  something 

and  bear  fi^l      sTd '      ■  '"f  '°  "=  ''  ^'°'^  "P  »  -- 
desires      Th^  ''  '"  """  ^■'''"■''™'  S''^^^  "''clever  one 

atsires.     The  cows  are  pasturing  round  about  the  house  dur 

n  addition  there  is  no  lack  of  game  and  fish.     Besides  it  is  a 

quiet  land  devoted  to  our  religion,  and  he  who  wan  sto    n Iv 

onest  exercise  finds' opportunities  enough   for  it    espechlh- 

the  01,0  who  loves  field  work  or  hunting.     It      '     he  e  o  ' 

^_,   possible  to  live  an  honest  life,  quietly  and  content  dlyMui 

'"  u-^.,      '"SI-  'M''°f  ^^^  '^"'^  aud  gain  a  sufficient  knowled-v  of 
.      ade,  so  that,  if  the  Lord  will  bring  me  back  again  safcl 
here  may  be  no  doubt  that  I  shall  have  the  pleasure  rf   ^    ' 
io  mo-     h^  T  "',      ™"''  '°  ''''''  "P  '■■••"l>"g  "ceds  no    io 
:.■.''■.',    T^'^  ^'"■-'  "-'*»'^'c  for  one  who  has  c  : 


perience  in   it  [iradel 


SK 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  125 

Poor  people,  such  namely  as  ask  for  alms,  are  not  seen.  If 
one  is  disabled  in  means  and  strength,  the  county  keeps  him. 

If  one  wants  to  hire  out,  as  there  are  some  who  do  so,  he  can 
get  annually  from  4  to  G  pounds  from  merchants;  the  wealth- 
iest gentlemen  do  not  pay  more  than  10  pounds.  In  short, 
provisions  are  there  in  abundance.  It  is  a  land  for  people, 
who  desire  with  small  means  to  reach  a  coinfortable  living 
and  do  not  care  for  society  and  luxury. 

.After  I  had  stayed  in  IManigkinton  for  several  days,  on  my 
second  visit,  and  had  received  from  my  countrymen,  as  well  as 
from  the  others,  much  kindness,  I  took  leave.  With  the  hope 
that  I  would  soon  see  them  again,  I  returned  alone  through  the 
wilderness  and  lost  my  way,  because,  when  I  reached  a  path, 
I  thought  ii  was  the  way,  but  it  was  only  used  by  the  game. 
After  several  hours  it  suddenly  ended,  which  dumbfounded 
me  not  a  little.  After  much  trouble  and  walking  about  I 
found  the  right  road  again.  I  saw  much  game.  After  travel- 
ing four  days  I  reached  Kinskrig  [Kingscreek]  near  Willems- 
Inirg  at  our  first  lodging  place,  where  I  had  left  most  of  my 
baggage,  namely  what  I  needed  for  the  return  journey  and  what 
I  wanted  to  sell.  As  the  time  had  been  fixed  when  the  fleet 
was  to  sail  for  England  I  sold  all  my  merchandise,  a  part  at 
the  house,  Lmt  most  of  it  at  Willemsburg.  I  was  well  pleased, 
as  I  could  dispose  of  nearly  ever>^hing.  One  who  has  no  ex- 
perience makes  many  mistakes,  especially  when  taking  in 
money,  wliich  consists  mostly  in  Spanish  piasters  and  is  paid 
by  weight.  I  also  made  a  mistake  in  not  exchanging  every- 
thing for  tobacco,  but,  as  I  shall  soon  report,  I  did  not  want  to 
return  this  year. 

Meanwhile,  about  the  middle  of  May,  a  small  French  frigate 
arrived  from  Ireland,  which  announced  the  sad  news  of  the 
death  of  King  William.  A  few  days  later  four  warships  reached 
Quiquedam  which  confirmed  this  report  and  brought  a  letter 
from  the  English  Government  to  the  Governor,  with  the  order 
to  announce  the  death  of  the  late  King  (22)  and  to  proclaim 
Queen  Anne,  which  caused  general  grief  and  consternation. 
The  Governor  caused  the  order,  which  he  had  received,   to 

(22)     King  William  III,  had  died  March  19,  1702. 


..SI 


'r.vjityj^    ' 


126  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

be  read  from  the  pulpits  of  his  province  and  he  called  out  the 
militia  uf  the  six  nearest  counties  to  appear  about  the  18th  of 
IMay  under  aims  before  liis  residence.  Meanwhile  he  caused 
everything  to  be  in  readiness,  which  was  necessary  for  a  me- 
morial service  of  the  King,  as  well  as  for  the  proclamation  of 
and  rejoicing  over  the  new  Queen.  He  also  asked  the  Indians 
to  be  present,  who  appeared  at  the  appointed  time  with  two 
queens  together  with  forty  of  their  most  distinguished  war- 
riors and  servants.  Inquiry  was  made  whether  any  one  knew 
how  to  set  off  fireworks.  Several  from  the  warships  volunteered 
v/ho  with  micagre  knowledge  made  the  preparations.  Three 
theatres  [grand-stands]  were  erected  before  the  college  where  the 
fireworL's  were  to  be  set  off.  On  the  appointed  day  a  large  num- 
ber of  people  appeared  with  as  well  as  without  arms.  The 
celebration  began  on  a  Thursday  morning.  The  armed  con- 
tingents, on  foot  as  well  as  on  horse,  were  drawn  up  in  line. 
Two  batteries  were  also  mounted  and  a  tent  was  pitched, 
where  the  bishop  delivered  an  oration  on  the  King's  death. 
The  anncd  men  were  then  drawn  up  before  the  college  in  a 
threefold  formation,  in  such  a  way  that  the  college  building 
formed  one  side.  Then  there  were  soldiers  on  both  sides  and 
also  oi>posite,  making  three  divisions,  so  that  the  calvary 
and  the  dragoons  were  stationed  on  the  two  wings  and  the 
infantry  in  the  center.  I  have  already  given  their  number  as 
about  2000.  As  can  be  seen  from  the  drawing,  the  college 
has  three  balconies.  On  the  uppermost  were  the  buglers  from 
the  warships,  on  the  second,  oboes  and  on  the  lowest  vio- 
linists, so  that  when  the  ones  stopped  the  others  began.  Some- 
times they  all  played  together.  When  the  proclamation  of 
the  King's  death  was  to  be  made  they  played  very  movingly 
and  mournfully.  Then  the  constable  appeared  with  the 
scepter.  It  was  like  the  English  standards  [flags],  which  v/cre 
wovev  with  gold,  covered  with  crape.  Likewise  those  who 
carried  them  were  dressed  in  mourning.  Then  followed  the 
Governor  in  mourning,  as  also  his  white  horse,  whose  harness 
was  draped  with  black.  The  death  of  King  William  was  then 
announced  by  the  Secretary.  Afterwards  the  Governor  or- 
dered  the  rifles  reversed  under  the  amis  and  with  mournful 


i:;.'" 


or/ 


.<^. 


11 


.- ■  [v^  "^"^  Yr^^>:-n>^'^vq  r3'  ^iM  c-t-  r^'  (><?r^^?^F?=i7t^l^>M'  ;^^f  ? 


>•  '<^^j: o/  ";.  •7«.'fv///,/,'///w/*v-  /^yA*.^f.-:v-  ^ Saiiv/''ifuL.L^-^i^ .. ...:.,  ;I/^ 


THE  COLLEGE  STAXUING  L\  WILLIAMSBURG  IN  WHICH  THE  G(A"ER.\()R 
HAS  HIS  RESIDENCE,  1702" 
(Michel's  crude  drawing  shows  the  first  college  building  which  was  burnt  in  1705.      It 
had  a  high  basement,  with  three  stories  and  a  half  above.) 


i 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  127 

music  they  marched  with  the  clergy  to  the  above  named  tent, 
where  a  toi;ching  oratii^n  was  dcHvered,  which  caused  many 
people  to  shed  tears.  After  considerable  marching  and  counter- 
marc  hing,  the  troops  were  ordered  back  to  their  former  place  [be- 
fore the  college]  holding  their  rifles  as  is  customary.  It  was  now 
noon.  The  musicians  began  to  play  a  lively  tune.  Then  the 
constable  appeared  in  a  green  suit,  the  scepter  no  longer  draped. 
The  Governor,  who  had  retired,  api^cared  in  blue  uniform,  cov- 
ered v.iih  braid.  He  had  also  exchanged  his  horse.  The  Secre- 
tary then  read  publicly,  while  heads  were  uncovered  every- 
where, the  royal  letter  and  edict,  that  the  second  daughter  of 
the  departed  and  late.  King  James  had  been  chosen  and  crowned 
Queen,  in  accordance  with  royal  decree  and  law,  with  this 
added  command  to  render  her  obedience  and  dutiful  homage. 
Then  everybody  shouted  three  times  Hurrah!  that  is,  may  she 
live.  They  Vv'a\'ed  their  hats  in  the  air,  gave  three  salutes 
with  the  cannons  as  well  as  with  the  small  arms.  /\fter  this 
was  done,  the  arms  were  stacked.  Then  the  Governor  caused 
most  of  those  present,  i.  e.,  the  most  prominent  people,  to  be 
entt-rtauied  right  royally,  the  ordinary  persons  received  each 
a  glass  of  rum  or  brandy  with  sugar. 

After  the  meal  was  finished,  the  troops  were  again  drawn  up 
in  line  as  before  and  marched  to  the  State  House  which  is  rmder 
constn:ction,  ai  a  distance  of  about  three  rifle  shots,  where 
the  new  Queen  was  proclaimed.  Thence  they  marched  to 
another  place,  called  Anna  Land,  where  the  same  proclama- 
tion was  read  as  at  the  first  place.  Finally  it  began  to  grow 
dark  (it  ought  to  be  stated  that  in  this  country  day  and  night, 
in  summer  and  winter  are  not  more  than  one  hour  shorter  or 
longer).  i\s  tliere  were  not  enough  houses  to  lodge  all  the 
people,  they  had  to  be  content  to  camp  under  the  open  sky. 

At  night  the  Governor  entertained  again  as  at  noon,  the  var- 
ious toasts  were  repeatedly  answered  by  cannons  and  buglers. 
A  master  [of  eeremonies],  who  was  stationed  on  one  of  the 
bridges,  was  considered  the  most  expert  and  boasted  of  his 
skill.  But  the  result  showed  that  he  did  not  succeed  in  gain- 
ing much  honor.  In  order  to  presen.^e  liis  reputation  he  acted 
as  if  the  fire  had  fallen  unintentionally  into  the  fireworks, 


iii 


128  ,         VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

for  he  blew  up  everything  at  once  in  a  great  blaze  and  smoke. 
As  there  were  all  kinds  of  fireworks,  many  and  large  rockets, 
he  like  others  had  to  run  and  he  had  his  clothes  burnt.  Many 
regretted  the  accident,  but  others  saw  clearly,  that  it  had  been 
set  on  fire  intentionally,  in  order  that  his  false  boasts  and 
clumsiness  might  not  come  to  light.  When  the  proper  time  had 
come,  the  Governor  mounted  his  horse  to  superintend  the  rest 
of  the  fireworks  himself.  The  college  was  full  of  the  leading 
people,  to  see  them  [the  fireworks],  as  also  a  large  number  of 
people  outside;  for  such  a  performance  had  never  been  seen 
nor  held  there  there  before,  the  windows  were  set  with  a  double 
row  of  candles,  the  musicians  played  as  best  they  could,  the 
buglers  were  especially  good.  When  it  was  to  begin  the  Gov- 
ernor asked  if  they  were  ready.  They  answered:  yes.  Then  he 
commanded  them  to  set  off  the  fireworks.  This  was  done  with  a 
reversed  rocket,  which  was  to  pass  along  a  string  to  an  arbor, 
where  prominent  ladies  were  seated,  but  it  got  stuck  half 
way  and  exploded.  Two  stars  were  to  be  made  to  revolve 
through  the  fireworks,  but  they  succeeded  no  better  than  with 
the  rockets.  In  short,  nothing  was  successful,  the  rockets  also 
refused  to  fly  up,  but  fell  down  archlike,  so  that  it  was  not  worth 
while  seeing.  Most  of  the  people,  however,  had  never  seen 
such  things  and  praised  them  highly.  The  one  who  had  set 
his  part  on  fire  carried  oft"  the  highest  praise,  because  they 
thought  he  had  done  something  extraordinary.  The  fire- 
works were  very  expensive,  but  there  was  not  much  diversion 
for  one  who  had  seen  much  more  than  these.  I  had  taken  my 
place  in  the  highest  part  of  the  tower  on  the  [college]  build- 
ing, ^vhence  the  best  outlook  was  to  be  had  by  day  and  night. 
As  it  was  eleven  o  'clock  at  night  and  my  lodging  place  was  two 
miles  away,  being  also  compelled  to  pass  over  a  miserable, 
misleading  road,  I  stayed  up  there  over  night,  although  I  was 
afraid  that,  if  somebody  should  find  me  there,  it  might  be  mis- 
interpreted of  me,  being  a  stranger,  but  no  one  came.  When 
day  dawned,.  I  left  the  building,  without  anybody  noticing  me. 
On  this  day  the  troops  were  again  drawn  up  in  line.  They 
rendered  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  the  Governor  ordered  some 
military  drills.     After  much  marching  and  skirmishing  noon 


128  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

for  he  blew  up  everything  at  once  in  a  great  blaze  and  smoke. 
As  there  were  all  kinds  of  fireworks,  many  and  large  rockets, 
he  like  others  had  to  run  and  he  had  his  clothes  burnt.  Many 
regretted  the  accident,  but  others  saw  clearly,  that  it  had  been 
set  on  fire  intentionally,  in  order  that  his  false  boasts  and 
clumsiness  might  not  come  to  light.  When  the  proper  time  had 
come,  the  Governor  mounted  his  horse  to  superintend  the  rest 
of  the  fireworks  himself.  The  college  was  full  of  the  leading 
peoi)le,  to  see  them  [the  fireworks],  as  also  a  large  number  of 
people  outside;  for  such  a  performance  had  never  been  seen 
nor  held  there  there  before,  the  windows  were  set  with  a  double 
row  of  candles,  the  musicians  played  as  best  the}'  could,  the 
buglers  were  especially  good.  When  it  was  to  begin  the  Gov- 
ernor asked  if  they  were  ready.  They  answered :  yes.  Then  he 
commanded  them  to  set  off  the  fireworks.  This  was  done  with  a 
reversed  rocket,  which  was  to  pass  along  a  string  to  an  arbor, 
where  prominent  ladies  were  seated,  but  it  got  stuck  half 
way  and  exploded.  Two  stars  were  to  be  made  to  revolve 
through  the  fireworks,  but  they  succeeded  no  better  than  with 
the  rockets.  In  short,  nothing  was  successful,  the  rockets  also 
refused  to  fiy  up,  but  fell  down  archlike,  so  that  it  was  not  worth 
while  seeing.  Most  of  the  people,  however,  had  never  seen 
such  things  and  praised  them  highly.  The  one  who  had  set 
his  jjart  on  fire  carried  off  the  highest  praise,  because  they 
thought  he  had  done  something  extraordinary.  The  fire- 
works were  very  expensive,  but  there  was  not  much  diversion 
for  one  who  had  seen  much  more  than  these.  I  had  taken  my 
place  in  the  highest  part  of  the  tower  on  the  [college]  build- 
ing, \vhence  the  best  outlook  was  to  be  had  by  day  and  night. 
As  it  was  eleven  o  'clock  at  night  and  my  lodging  place  was  two 
miles  away,  being  also  compelled  to  pass  over  a  miserable, 
misleading  road,  I  stayed  up  there  over  night,  although  I  was 
afraid  that,  if  somebody  should  find  me  there,  it  might  be  mis- 
interpreted of  me,  being  a  stranger,  but  no  one  came.  When 
day  dawned,.  I  left  the  building,  without  anybody  noticing  me. 
On  this  day  the  troops  were  again  drawn  up  in  line.  They 
rendered  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  the  Governor  ordered  some 
military  drills.     After  much  marching  and  skirmishing  noon 


,<1*IIJ  ^  n. 


ti  /iJili 


I     ■  THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  129 

t:ame,  wlicn  the  dinner,  as  on  the  preceding  day,  began  with 
much  poTnp  and  sumi^tuousncss.  After  it  was  over,  the  Gov- 
ernor showed  his  HberaHty  by  arranging  a  rifle  match.  When 
tlie  soldiers  had  finished,  no  one  was  allowed  to  shoot  excei:it 
those  born  in  the  country  and  some  Indians.  The  prizes  con- 
sisted of  rifles,  swords,  saddles,  bridles,  boots,  money  and  other 
tilings.  When  most  of  the  shooting  was  done,  two  Indians 
were  brought  in,  who  shot  with  rifles  and  bows  so  as  to  sur- 
jjrize  us  and  put  us  to  shame.  I  shall  now  relate  of  these 
jHople  as  much  as  I  was  able  to  learn. 

As  mentioned  above  the  representatives  and  principal  men 
of  four  different  tribes,  about  forty  in  nrunber,  appeared  on 
the  appointed  day.  First  of  all,  there  is  in  this  country, 
pretty  far  up  in  the  wilderness,  a  large  people,  governed  by  an 
emperor.  They  have  not  come  into  the  colony  to  inflict  dam- 
age, because  for  one  thing  they  are  afraid  of  English  power, 
but  especially  because  they  are  unable  to  flee  from  the  cavalry, 
as  they  have  but  few  wild  horses  of  which  they  can  make  use. 
If  the  English  hear  the  least  report,  they  mount  their  horses 
and  hunt  them  up  in  the  wilderness,  whoever  falls  into  ihcir 
hands  is  doomed  to  death.  Then  they  also  remember  their 
neighbors,  most  of  whom  were  killed  in  the  earlier  wars.  Some 
years  ago  the  emperor  offered  to  the  Governor  several  thousand 
men,  to  use  them  together  with  the  English  troops  in  fighting 
against  the  Indians  in  Canada,  who  at  times  tra\'el  great 
distances  to  inflict  damage  on  the  English  and  the  Indians  in 
Virginia.  But  the  Governor  answered  him,  that  he  was  neither 
afraid  of  the  Indians  of  Canada  nor  of  others  and  he  thanked 
him  for  liis  oft'er.  Those  who  survived  the  recent  wars,  who 
were  at  first  regarded  as  one  with  them,  are  subject  to  the  King 
of  England.  They  pay  annually  a  certain  number  of  beaver 
and  otter  skins  as  tribute  and  as  a  sign  of  their  submission. 
Some  years  ago  one  of  the  subject  chiefs  was  brought  to  Eng- 
land, upon  the  order  of  the  English  King,  where  he  received 
more  honor  and  attention  than  he  had  expected.  He  was  sent 
back  well  dressed  and  with  presents. 


130 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINK. 


Those  who  are  still   alive,   are  four  different   nations.  (23) 
In  summer  they  stay  in  the  forests  here  and  there  for  the  sake 
of  hunting,  but  the  permanent  homes  of  one  of  the  nations  are 
at  the  Potomac (24)   River,   several  hundred  miles  inland  or 
in  the  wilderness.     Another  nation  dwells  at  the  Rabahanac 
River,  (25)  far  up  in  the  country%  the  third  not  far  from  Manig- 
kinton,(26)  the  fourth  along  the  ocean,  between  Virginia  and 
Carclina(27).     Those  who  were  present  at  the  proclamation 
brought  with  them  as  much  as  they  could  cany  of  all  kinds  of 
v.'ild   animal   skins,    prepared   or   fresh.     They   prepare    them 
entirely  white.     They  also  brought  a  large  number  of  baskets, 
carried  on  the  arms,  of  different  colors,  made  very  artistically! 
The  material  is  a  kind  of  root(28).     They  weave  into  them  all 
kinds  of  animals,  flowers  and  other  strange  things,  very  beauti- 
fully.    Everything  that  they  bring  is  bought  to  send  it  as  a 
present    to   England.     They   also   make   tobacco   pipes,    very 
beautifully  cut  out  and  formed.     Their  hats  are  small,  round 
above  and  well  closed,  as  the  drawing  shows. 

They  have  no  clothes,  except  what  they  get  through  trade  with 
the  English  (29).  They  wear  them  when  they  have  to  go  the 
Christians,  which  happens  once  a  year,  at  the  annual  muster  of 
the  troops,  in  order  to  show  them  the  power  [of  the  English]. 
Their  loins  and  feet  are  then  covered  with  a  little  piece  of  skin. 
They  arc  well  formed  brown  people,  of  ordinary  size,  but  a 
Htile  smaller  than  we.  They  have  small  fierce  eyes  set  deep 
in  their  heads,  black  hair,  hanging  down  upon  their  shoulders, 
most  of  them,  however,  have  it  cut  short,  except  the  women! 
who  wear  long,  black  hair.     When  thejy^re  summoned,  their 

1 7.^^^^     7''^.  fo  ""^  statement  is  found  in  Jones,  PresliU~State  ofvit^Riida. 
liZi,  p.  IS.      But  the  tributary  Indians,  of  which  there  are  but  four  small 

aflowed  til     ^''^-'"'^  °"  ^^'^  ^'^'^  °^  ^^^  Mountains,  Keep  to  the  Bounds 
(24)     Indian  settlement  at  Potomac,  Rappahannock,  &c.     See  "The 

Powhatan  Confederacy  Past  and  Present,"  by  James  Mooney,  in  the 

American  Anthropologist,  January-March  1907 
(25)] 

(26)  \  For  these  notes  see  reference  as  under  (24) 
(27)J 

(28)  According  to  Beverley,  History,    1725,  Booklll,  pn    7   62   the 
Indians  made  their  baskets  of  silk  grass.  '      ' 

(29)  This  does  not  a^ree  with  Beverley,  History,  1725,  Book  III,  pp 
^-/,  who  describes  at  length  the  summer  and  winter  clothes  of  the  Indians. 


•yfU  Xti   T 


K 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  131 

t 

king  or  queen,  as  also  their  princes  and  nobles  (but  with  some 
difference)  wear  crowns  of  bark,  (30)  a  little  more  than  a  buckle 
wide,  round  and  open  above,  with  wliite  and  brown  stripes, 
half  an  inch  long,  set  in  beautifully  in  spiral  form,  so  that  no 
bark  is  visible.  The  women,  especially  the  queen  and  her  three 
servants,  were  overhung  with  such  things,  strung  on  big  and 
small  threads  or  something  similar,  in  place  of  chains.  (31)  I 
wondered  what  kind  of  material  it  was.  I  examined,  therefore, 
the  fmery  of  one  of  the  maids  of  the  queen.  I  cannot  compare 
it  to  anytliing  better  than  to  strips  of  leather,  hung  over  the 
harness  of  horses  in  this  country  [Switzerland].  They  had  per- 
haps three  pounds  of  such  material  hanging  around  their  neck 
and  arms.  They  are  not  unfriendly  and  ugly  people,  but  their 
language  is  very  wonderful,  so  that  I  cannot  describe  how  it 
sounds  and  how  they  change  their  voice. 

Regarding  their  religion,  I  have  heard  from  reliable  people, 
who  have  had  much  intercourse  with  them  that  they  fear  Satan, 
who  torments  them  frequently (32).  They  also  say  that 
water  is  stronger  than  fire,  because  fire  can  be  extinguished  by 
water,  hence  water  was  to  be  feared  and  honored  more.  They 
further  believe  that  if  they  are  disobedient  to  one  of  their 
superiors  or  kill  one  of  their  people  or  live  badly  otherwise,  that 
after  their  death  they  will  come  into  a  land  in  the  north,  cold 
and  evil,  but  those  who  live  honorably,   according  to  their 

(30)  This  crown-is  also  described  by  Beverley,  ed.  172.5,  part  III,  p.  2: 
"The  people  of  condition  of  both  sexes  wear  a  sort  of  coronet  on  their 
Heads,  from  4  to  6  inches  broad,  open  at  the  top  and  composed  of  Peak 
or  Beads,  or  else  both  interwoven  together,  and  worked  into  Figures, 
made  by  a  nice  mixture  of  the  Colours.  Sometimes  they  wear  a  Wreath 
of  Dyed  Furs."  Plate  3  facing  p.  5  of  Beverley's  account  shows  such  a 
coronet. 

(31)  Michel  r  Jers  evidently  to  what  Beverley,  History,  1725.  Ill,  58f. 
calls  "wampon  peak."  These,  he  says,  "they  wear  instead  of  Medals 
before  or  behind  their  Neck,  and  use  the  Peak,  Runtees  and  Pipes  for 
Coronets,  Bracelets,  Belts  or  long  Strings,  hanging  down  before  their 
Breast,  or  else  they  lace  their  Garments  with  them." 

(32)  Devil  V/orship  by  the  Indians  is  also  alluded  to  by  Beverley 
(ed.  1725,  part  III,  p.  32).  One  of  the  Indians  explained  to  him:  "If  they 
did  not  pacify  the  Evil  Spirit,  and  make  him  propitious,  he  would  take 
away,  or  spoil  all  those  good  things  that  God  had  given,  and  ruin  their 
Health,  their  Peace  and  their  Plenty,  by  sending  War,  Plague  and  Fam- 
ine among  them." 


rr? 


>rmaJ     i/.i/ 


132  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

opinion,  will  come  into  a  land  in  the  east,  good  and  warm(33). 
They  like  strong  drink  or  nun  beyond  all  ^measure.  They 
drink  it  without  modesty  till  they  are  drunlv.  Afterwards 
they  make  wonderful  faces  and  act  as  if  they  were  angry  and 
wanted  to  strilce  their  enemy.  There  were  at  that  time  no 
king  but  two  queens  among  them.  The  older  one  got  so  drunk, 
that  she  lay  on  the  ground  like  an  unreasonable  brute.  When 
they,  especially  the  men  and  unmarried  fellows,  want  to  mal<e 
merry,  they  wet  their  heads  and  faces.  Afterwards  they  smear 
it  over  with  a  red  paint,  so  that  not  the  smallest  place  can  be 
seen  that  is  not  red. 

There  were  also  some  who  had  a  narrow  spangle  drawn  through 
their  nose.  Its  meaning  is  unknowm  to  me.  Some  had  also 
a  tuft  of  strange  feathers  under  their  ears,  in  some  cases  larger 
than  in  others  (34).  I  think  it  indicates  those  who  are  the  best 
hunters.  They  were  ridiculously  dressed.  One  had  a  shirt 
on  with  a  crown  on  his  head,  another  a  coat  and  neither  trou- 
sers, stockings  nor  shoes.  Others  had  a  skin  or  red  cover 
around  them.  In  their  homes  they  are  naked,  as  I  have  seen 
one  at  Manigkinton,  who  came  back  from  hunting.  He  had 
nothing  but  his  rifle,  knife  and  powder  horn,  except  a  linen 
rag  which  covered  his  sexual  parts  a  little,  and  a  deer  skin 
[moccasin]  protecting  his  feet,  that  the  thorns  might  not  hurt 
him.  He  had  also  a  tuft  of  feathers  behind  his  ear.  When 
strangers  come  to  them,  they  entertain  them  according  to  the 
best  of  their  ability,  with  roasted  game,  wild  fruits,  fish  and  a 
kind  of  food,  made  of  coarse  and  fresh  meal.  If  one  does  not 
\.-ant  to  eat  what  they  place  before  him,  they  say  he  is  sick 
but  if  they  notice  that  this  is  not  the  case,  but  that  it  is  done 

(33)  Jones,  Present  State  of  Virginia,  p.  16,  describes  the  belief  of  the 
Indians  in  a  future  life  similarly:  "They  believe  that  they  go  to  Mohomo- 
ny  that  lives  beyond  the  Sun,  if  they  have  not  been  wicked,  nor  like  Dogs 
nor  Wolves,  that  is,  not  unchaste,  then  they  believe  that  Mohoniony 
sends  them  to  a  plentiful  Country  abounding  with  Fish,  Flesh  and  Fowls, 
the  best  of  their  kind,  and  easy  to  be  caught;  but  if  they  have  been 
naughty,  then  he  sends  them  to  a  poor  barren  Country,  where  be  many 
Wolves  and  Bears,  with  a  few  nimble  Deer,  swift  Fish  and  Fowls,  diffi- 
cult to  be  taken;  and  when  killed,  being  scarce  anything  but  Skin  and 
Bones." 

(34)  Beverley  {History,  III,  4)  speaks  only  of  one  feather  stuck  into 
the  knot  of  hair  behind  the  ear. 


XMIS; 


■<j  1o  y'^' 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS  LOUIS  MICHEL.  133 

through  contempt,  they  are  angry.  I  once  saw  one  of  them 
eating  this  kind  of  meaL  Then  I  also  took  some  of  ^it,  raw  as  it 
was,  out  of  the  sack,  which  he  had  carried  around  with  him, 
and  I  tried  to  eat  the  dry,  coarse  meal  with  a  Httle  stick  of 
wood  or  knife,  but  I  could  not  eat  it,  because  it  was  so  bitter 
and  of  unpleasant  taste  in  the  mouth  (35).  When  they  have 
taken  a  mouthful,  they  do  not  open  it  again,  until  all  has  gone 
down  the  throat.  There  was  at  one  time  much  laughter  over  one 
who  was  eating  meal.  He  saw  alongside  of  him  a  piece  of  a  glass 
bottle.  He  thought  it  would  be  handy  to  put  the  meal  into 
his  mouth  with  it,  he  tried  it,  but  he  cut  himself  in  two  places, 
so  that  it  bled.  Another  stepped  upon  a  piece  of  glass,  Ijcing 
barefoot.  He  also  bled  profusely  and  did  not  know  what 
caused  it. 

The  most  wonderful  thing  is  their  dancing (36) .  The  Governor 
when  he  was  sitting  at  the  table  in  the  evening,  with  the  other 
gentlemen,  had  the  young  queen  come  in,  who  was  wearing 
nice  clothes  of  a  French  pattern.  But  they  were  not  put  on 
right.  One  thing  was  too  large,  another  too  small,  hence  it 
did  not  fic.  She  was  covered  all  over  with  her  ornaments, 
consisting  of  large  and  small  pieces,  of  all  kinds  of  colors. 
Her  crown  was  like  those  of  the  others,  but  it  v^^as  much  more 
beautiful,  set  with  stones  more  artistically.  She  was  a  nice 
person,  but  timid  and  shy,  like  the  others.  When  she  entered 
tiie  hall,  the  gentlemen  took  off  their  hats,  she,  the  queen,  bowed 
also.  When  the  Indian  king  himself  is  present,  the  Governor 
gives  him  the  right  hand.  Then  they  began  to  play,  but  the 
queen  danced  so  wonderfully,  yea  barbarously,  that  everyone 
was  astonished  and  laughed.  It  has  no  similarity  to  dancing. 
They  make  such  wonderful  movements  with    body,   e>'es  and 

(35)  This  mciil  is  called  "Rockahomonie,"  by  Beverley  (History,  III, 
18).  "SonieLimesalso  in  their  travels,  each  man  takes  with  him  a  pint  or 
quart  of  Rockahomonie,  that  is,  the  finest  Indian-Corn,  parched,  and 
beaten  to  {)owder.  When  they  find  their  Stomach  empty  (and  cannot 
ktay  for  the  tedious  Cookery  of  other  thinj^s),  they  put  about  a  spoonful 
of  this  into  their  mouths,  and  drink  a  draught  of  water  upon  it,  which 
stay.s  in  their  Stomachs,  and  enables  them  to  pursue  their  journey  with- 
out delay." 

(36)  For  Indian  dancing  see  also  Beverley,  History,  1725,  III,  22,  53f 
Jones,  Slate  of  Virginia,  1724,  p.  8;  and  Lawson,  History  of  Carolina,  ed 
1S60,  pp.  6Sf,2S5. 


jn'H4    (<.:..;    ;, ! 


-w  }       V'M. 


134  VIKGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  '     ■■ 

moiuh,  as  if  they  were  with  the  evil  one.  At  one  time  they 
rave  a.s  if  they  were  angry,  then  they  bite  their  arms  or  other 
parts  with  their  teeth,  or  they  are  entirely  quiet.  In  short,  it 
is  inijiossible  to  describe  this  mad  and  hididrous  dance. 

Tliey  do  not  esteem  silver  or  gold,  and  do  not  want  to  tal<e  it. 
Their  money  is  like  the  material  they  hang  around  them, 
but  small,  of  white  and  pearly  color,  like  small  corals,  strung 
on  a  string  (37).  It  is  sold  by  the  yard  so  to  speak.  They 
measure  from  the  index  finger  to  the  elbow,  which  length  costs 
half  an  English  crown. 

After  the  celebration  was  over,  I  endeavored  to  sell,  as  best  I 
could,  whatever  remained  of  my  merchandise.  I  intended  to 
exchange  with  the  Indians  skins  and  baskets  for  powder  and 
knives.  A  deer  skin  would  have  cost  me  a  dollar,  a  basket 
half  a  dollar.  But  I  refused  to  do  it.  ^.  y  nfle  was  valued  at 
twelve  skins.  I  did  wrong  not  to  malie  this  bargain,  for  in  Eng- 
land a  deerskin  is  valued  at  more  than  two  dollars.  A  Frcnch- 
m.an  and  I  \\  ere  astonished  at  the  ba.skets  and  that  two  of  them 
could  speak  English.  One  of  them  looked  at  V:S  and  said  in  poor 
English,  whether  we  thought  that  if  they  had  been  taught  like 
we,  they  could  not  leani  a  thing  just  as  well  as  we.  I  asked  him, 
where  he  had  learned  to  speak  English,  he  answered,  they  were 
not  so  stupid,  because  they  had  to  come  every  year,  the}'  could 
hear  us  speak  and  leanit  it  that  wa\'.  It  is  certain  that  good 
talents  are  found  among  them.  When  I  \\'as  looking  at  one 
of  the  skins  and  found  that  it  Vv'as  full  of  holes  because  of  the 
shot,  I  pointed  it  out  to  him  (because  he  knew  about  as  much 
English  as  I  did)  he  asked,  how  one  could  get  the  animals 
without  shooting  them.  I  said,  shoot  in  the  head.  He  then 
asked  \^'hether  I  could  answer,  whereupon  he  looked  at  me  and 
shook  his  head. 

After  several  days  had  elapsed  and  I  was  almost  thro^igh 
sellii^g  my  goods,  except  those  things  for  which  there  was  no 
market  and  which  I  did  not  want  to  give  away  with  loss,  one 

(37)  According  to  Beverley,  History,  1725,  III,  p.  5S,  "the  Indians 
had  nothing  which  they  reckoned  riches,  before  the  English  went  among 
them,  except  Peak,  Roenoke,  and  such  like  trifles  made  cut  of  Cunk 
fConch]  shell.  The}'  past  with  them  instead  of  Gold  and  Silver,  and 
serv'd  them  both  for  Money,  and  Ornament." 


.IK. 


li.Ui 


»Cf'!  Jl.     'A 


:!./•;,  :..    •>• 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  135 

day  a  sloop  passed  by  my  lodging  place  to  load  lumber  on  a 
pink, (38)  belonging  to  Bristol,  which  was  then  lying  at  anchor 
at  Yorktown.     Among  the  sailors  who  brought  the  sloop  was 
a  Hollander  and  a  Swede,  who  talked  with  me.     They  said 
rhat  next  to  their  ship  a  large  sloop  was  ready  to  sail  to  New 
York.     This  pleased  me  very  much,  for  I  was  in  the  country 
to  travel  through  it  and,  as  I  had  heard  many  good  reports 
about  that  country,  I  had  a  desire  to  visit  it.     The  cajjlain, 
whose  name  was  West,  was  with  a  merchant  named  Wacker, 
[probably  Joseph  WaUcer  of  York  Co.  who  died  in  1723.     His 
will  is  in  the  Wm.  &  Mary  Quarteriy  VI,  150],  not  far  from  my 
dwc]lin.t^^  place.     I  asked  him  to  load  my  baggage  on  his  sloop, 
m  order  to  take  me  to  the  above  named  place,  which  he  granted. 
Hence,  (after  taking  leave  of  my  host,  who  had  provided  me 
with  various  victuals)  we  left  at  noon,  and  after  much  rowing 
and  pulling,  because  the  wind  was  contrary,  we  arrived  at  his 
ship  at  night.     I  asked  at  once  whether  the  New  York  sloop 
was  still  there.     They  said  yes,  its  captain  had  beffli  on  their 
ship  during  the  evening.     Hence  I  stayed  over  night  on  this 
ship.     Eariy  in  the  morning  I  rose  up  to  make  an  agreement 
with  the  skipper  if  possible,  but,  to  my  consternation  saw  the 
ship  already  under  sails.     Thus  my  plan  had  miscarried,  as 
such  opportunities  are  rare.     I  was,   therefore,  compelled  to 
hunt  a  place  in  Yorktown,  where  I  could  stay  till    another 
opportunity  offered  itself.     I  stayed  there  twelve  days,  but  I 
.saw  that  there  was  no  opportunity  and  that  I  could  not  trade. 
It  was  also  expensive  to  Hve  there,  because  at  such  a  j^lace 
where  ships  land,  it  is  usually  more  expensive  than  elsewhere. 
During  that  tiane  I  heard  many  good  reports  about  Pennsyl- 
vania and  that  some  people  from  Virginia  moved  there.     One  of 
them  from  France,  who  was  captain  there,  named  Mr.  Chariere 
de  Cossonay,  was  known  to  me,  who  is  said  to  have  great  wealth. 
Many  Germans  and   Hollanders  live  there  and  many  othe* 
advantages   were   related    to   me.     As    I    intended    to    travel 
another  year  before  returning  to  England,  I  handed  my  trunlcs 
overdo  a  trustworthy  man,  upon  sufficient  receipt  and  security 
(38)     A  pink  is  a  vessel  with  a  narrow  stern. 


d€f 


.Jti. 


fii''  fD'K*  b^d 


n    ,r  |V     . 


'i      ihJ    YCJr.    Mi/.  .J     I    -J  ■■'.'7/ 


hiUiff 


o-.'i,'-   i.  i'-':t„',   \i\    .-jfO'/O   ,-jrH\i  i»vii  oj 


1.^  yji* )      .',TjU  '  (o 


^'fi'ij    .iti.nr   'iji'i:   ••;.■>. U   '.'viJ 


136  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

and  as  that  country  [Pennsylvania]  was  only  700  miles  (39)  by 
land,  I  went  to  Quiquedam  to  find  there,  if  possible,  a  sloop 
to  talce  me  to  Philadelphia.  I  reached  it  in  one  day  as  it  is 
only  25  miles  from  York.  There  I  found  ^  sloop,  in  accor- 
dance with  my  desire,  which  had  brought  beer  from  Phila- 
delphia. But  it  was  stopped  by  the  warships  which  were  then 
lying  tliere  and  was  compelled  to  make  a  trip  to  Carolina  to 
fetch  salted  pork  from  there  for  the  ships.  I  met  the  master 
of  the  sloop,  who  gave  me  a  letter  to  his  wife  in  Philadelphia, 
together  with  instructions  as  to  the  route  I  should  take.  The 
nearest  way  would  have  been  to  sail  to  Accomac,  but  there  was 
no  opportunity.  Hence  I  had  to  return  to  Yorktown.  The 
hot  weather  continued,  so  that  it  was  pretty  difficult  for  me  to 
travel.  Nevertheless,  I  was  ferried  over  the  York  River, 
being  well  armed  and  provided  with  maps.  Then  I  marched 
all  alone  for  four  days  when  I  crossed  a  swamp  called  the 
"Dragon's  Swamp" (40).  There  I  lost  my  way.  FinaUy  I 
saw  a  house,  where  I  entered  to  inquire  about  the  way.  There 
I  met  two  men,  who  took  me  for  an  escaped  servant.  All  my 
explanations  were  in  vain.  They  led  me  to  a  justice  of  the 
peace,  who  lived  not  far  away.  He  asked  me  for  my  passport. 
I  told  him  I  had  recently  come  into  the  country  and  that  its 
customs  were  unknown  to  me.  He  inquired  about  the  ship 
and  the  name  of  the  captain  as  well  as  about  other  details. 
I  answered  him  as  best  I  could,  because  the  English  language 
was  then  barely  known  to  me.  He  saw  that  they  had  done  me 
an  injustice  and  he  released  me  again.  But  he  told  me  that  I 
could  hardly  proceed  without  a  passport.  Besides,  he  was 
surprized  that  I  undertook  alone  in  such  a  hot  season  a  long,  un- 
known journey.  But  I  hated  to  return  such  a  long  way  in  order 
to  gel  a  passport  from  the  Governor.  Hence  I  made  up  my 
mind  firmly  to  go  as  far  as  possible.  This  man  wanted  to  give 
me  food,  however,  I  would  not  accept  anything  but  a  drink. 
When  he  saw  that  he  could  not  induce  me  to  give  up  my  plan, 

(39)  The  distance  is  of  course  much  overstated.  The  distance  iipm 
Richmond  to  Philadelphia  is  not  over  250  miles. 

(40)  The  Dragon  Swamp  extends  from  the  head  of  the  Pianketank 
river  uinvards  between  the  counties  of  Gloucester  and  King  and  Queen 
on  the  south,  and  Middlesex  and  Essex  on  the  north. 


.L.. 


THE  JOURNEY  QF   FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  137 

he  V.  ished  nie  good  luck  for  the  journey.  The  two  men,  who  had 
arrested  me,  begged  my  pardon  and  asked  mc  to  go  with  them, 
offering  to  give  me  a  dinner,  but  as  they  lived  away  from  the 
road,  I  declined  their  offer.  In  the  evening  of  this  day,  it  was 
Saturday,  I  lodged  with  a  Hollander,  who  received  me  very 
kindly.  I  stayed  with  him  the  following  day,  because  it  is  not 
considered  becoming  there  to  travel  on  Sunday.  He  also  told 
me  that  I  could  hardly  travel  through  Maryland  without  a  pass- 
port. I  remembered  that  a  certain  Mr.  Ladenin,(41)  who  upon 
our  amval  visited  us  on  board  of  ship  and  spoke  with  me  and 
the  (jtliers,  was  the  English  minister  at  the  Rabahanak  River. 
I  inquired  after  him  and  heard  v/ith  pleasvire  that  he  lived  only 
three  miles  away  from  there.  On  Monday  I  set  out  to  hunt  him 
u]).  But  I  came  to  a  branch  of  the  large  river,  whose  water  was 
ver\'  high  and  as  there  was  no  other  way,  I  hardly  knew  what  to 
do.  Finally  I  undressed  and  waded  across,  but  the  water 
reached  up  to  my  neck.  Thence  I  noticed  a  house,  which  proved 
to  be  Landenin's  dwelling.  I  asked  for  him.  He  came  to 
see  what  was  my  desire.  I  related  to  him  about  my  journey 
which  I  had  contemplated,  how  I  had  been  stopped  aftd  that 
according  to  the  statement  of  all  the  people  I  had  seen,  it  was 
not  possible  lo  travel  without  a  passport.  I,  therefore,  asked 
him  to  give  me  a  recommendation  to  the  nearest  justice  of  the 
peace,  who  would  not  have  refused,  in  that  case,  to  give  me  a 
passport. 

But  he  was  unwilling  to  do  it,  because  he  did  not  know  me 
well,  and  although  he  had  spoken  with  me,  yet  that  was  of  no 
consequence,  hence  he  could  not  comply.  But  I  showed  him. 
that  there  was  no  danger  in  granting  my  request  and  I  asked 
him  to  give  me  simply  a  statement  that  he  had  seen  me  on  such 
and  such  a  ship,  having  come  from  England  as  a  free  passenger. 
Finally  he  could  not  help  himself,  but  had  to  testify  to  the  truth. 
He  told  me  to  go  to  a  house,  three  miles  from  there,  where  a 
justice  of  the  peace  lived.     But  he  had  ridden  away  when  I 

(41)  This  is  the  Rev.  Louis  Latane,  who  with  his  wife,  child  and  ser- 
vant arrived  in  Vir{:,inia  in  the  year  1700  and  was  till  his  deatn  in  173-5, 
rector  of  the  South  Famhnm  parish,  in  Essex  County,  f  )n  July  20,  1722, 
he  became  joint  patentee  with  seven  other  men  of  24,000  acres  of  lanci  in 
Spotsylvania  County,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Rapidan.  See  Brock, 
Huguenot  Emigration,  p.  29. 


m 


H   "J. 


lixti.  no 


a  •) 


138  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE  '      ' 

arrived.  Half  an  hour  later  Mr.  Landenin  also  arrived  there, 
but  when  he  heard  that  the  justice  was  away,  he  was  unwilling 
to  assist  me  further.  On  that  day  it  was  very  hot  and  an 
accident  almost  befell  me.  I  traveled  in  the  great  heat  with- 
out food  until  noon.  Then  I  found  that  my  strength  was  giving 
away  and  it  was  growing  dark  before  my  eyes.  When  I  felt 
this  and  could  see  no  house,  I  hardly  knew  whether  it  would  be 
best  to  lie  down  behind  a  tree  or  not.  But  I  determined  to 
walk  on  as  long  as  I  could.  I  soon  saw  a  clearing  through  the 
woods,  also  a  house  and  people  working  in  a  cornfield.  I 
hastened  to  them,  but  I  had  to  climb  a  fence,  while  I  grew 
constantly  weaker.  I  placed  my  rifle  on  the  other  side  of  the 
fence,  but  a  black  sack,  wliich  I  was  accustomed  to  carry  on  the 
shoulder,  in  which  was  my  linen,  and  especially  a  good  part  of 
my  money,  I  placed  on  the  fence.  Then  I  tried  to  climb  over, 
but  I  fell  back.  The  third  time  I  fell  backwards  on  my  back 
and  head,  as  I  found  out  later.  The  jjeople,  who  were  watching 
me,  thought  that  I  was  drunlc  and  laughed  at  me.  But  finally 
they  came  to  see  who  I  was.  I  was  lying  there  in  a  faint.  As 
they  saw  me  in  such  a  condition,  they  took  me  up  and  carried  me 
into  the  house,  together  with  my  rifle  and  bag.  If  they  had 
known  what  was  in  it,  there  is  no  telling  what  might  have  hap- 
pened. After  I  had  lain  there  for  a  while,  I  regained  con- 
sciousness. Then  I  took  some  of  my  balsam  and  orvietan 
(42),  which  I  always  carried  with  me,  in  a  little  rum  or  brandy, 
whicli  strengthened  me  at  once.  I  also  ate  something.  Then 
I  looked  for  my  money.  I  fovmd  everything  untouched,  ex- 
cejit  my  knife,  which  was  of  Aarau  make,  I  could  not  find. 
Afterwards  v/hen  I  wanted  to  pay  the  people,  they  would  not 
take  anything.  On  the  same  evening  I  traveled  four  miles 
farther  and  at  Pascataway(43),  crossed  a  river.  On  the  fol- 
lowing day  I  continued  my  journey  through  large  forests. 
In  that  part  the  land  is  not  closely  settled,  because  it  is  at  the 
uppermost  part  of  the  Rabahanalc  River  in  Stratford  County. 

(42)  Orvicton  is  here  some  home  remedy.  In  French  it  is  used  of 
quack  medicine,  so  named  after  a  quack  doctor  from  Orvicto,  Italy. 

(4o)  Pascataway  Creek  in  the  present  Essex  County.  Michel  was 
mistaken  in  thinking  he  had  reached  the  upper  part  of  StafTord  on  the 
nc.xi  ilay.     In  fact  he  had  not  crossed  tlie  Rappali.innock. 


'> 


ii^iid 


£A 


.f/!ii!    f"n   Ws/'-i  1     jAiAfi  iit;-if.h  io 


hi,  J 


■  -^•-,,i    -u. 


•  H     Mitit     7ll     t  ■>»!    M< 


THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  139 

Phis  diiy  I  missed  the  road.  I  traveled  till  noon  without  food 
in  great  heat  through  the  wilderness,  but  did  not  meet  a  single 
person,  the  road  becoming  smaller  and  smaller,  so  that  I  feared 
something  imtoward  might  happen.  In  the  middle  of  the  road 
I  foimil  a  large  sack,  which  was  full  and  tiei  shut.  I  wondered 
what  il  might  be.  I  stepped  on  it  with  my  foot.  What  was 
inside  fell  down  and  rose  up  again,  so  that  the  bag  became 
stretched  tight  and  round.  I  stepped  on  it  again  and  it  fell 
together  as  before.  I  could  not  regard  is  as  something  good. 
As  I  was  alone  and  lost  in  this  wild  place,  I  had  all  kinds  of 
anxious  thoughts  and  concluded  to  let  it  alone,  whatever 
it  might  be.  Thus  I  continued  my  journey  with  apprehensive 
thoughts  and  hungry.  I  could  see  few  signs  that  people  v/ere 
living  near.  (Otherwise  it  was  my  habit  when  I  traveled 
through  the  country,  to  inquire  about  the  way  and  to  mark  all 
the  roads,  which  I  was  to  meet,  upon  a  paper.  Then  I  added 
how  far  I  was  away  from  such  roads,  in  short  I  noted  all  the 
accompanying  circimistances  and  how  the  right  wa^'  could 
be  known.)  I  soon  emerged  from  my  cares,  because  I  saw  a 
field  that  had  been  cut  and  then  a  house.  When  I  entered  it  I 
found  good  people,  who  showed  me  kindness  and  expressed 
compassion  with  me  that  I  had  to  travel  on  foot  in  such  heat. 
They  told  me  that  I  had  gone  far  astray.  They  showed  me  a 
good  road .  I  went  on  a  little  distance,  until  I  came  to  an  English- 
man and  a  Frenchman,  who  were  keeping  house  together. 
Because  of  the  heat  I  stayed  a  day  and  a  half  with  them.  I  did 
not  feel  well.  They  asked  me  to  stay  with  them.  They  would 
treat  me  as  I  desired.  I  thanked  them  for  their  offer  and  their 
kindness.  They  took  me  across  the  Rabahanak  River.  I  went 
onward  a  day's  journey  when  I  lodged  with  an  honest  man, 
who  lived  at  the  Pottomac  River.  When  he  heard  of  my  in- 
tention he  dissuaded  me  from  the  journey  with  good  reasons. 
He  was  suprized  that  I  had  come  alone  thus  far.  He  said, 
if  I  passed  this  river,  I  would  be  in  Maryland  and  the  first  man 
who  would  get  a  sight  of  me  had  power  to  demand  my  passport. 
He  who  does  not  have  any,  is  jailed  until  a  rej^ort  has  been  re- 
ceived from  the  place  whence  he  came.  Whoever  in  such 
cases,  he  said,  was  strange  and  unknown  and  had  none  to  in- 


0€I  .jaioi 


140  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

quire  after  him,  would  lose  his  liberty  and  his  money,  for  he 
would  have  to  pay  half  a  crown  a  day.  From  this  and  other 
warnings  I  had  received  I  saw  the  impossibility  of  going  any 
farther.  I  thanlced  him  for  his  infonnation  and  turned  back 
im])atiently,  having  traveled  half  of  the  way  in  such  great 
heat  in  vain.  I  drank  much  water  daily,  which  I  had  to  sweat 
out  while  walking. 

I  became  so  weak  that  I  found  it  difficult  to  get  back  again. 
The  country  is  more  fruitful  and  has  a  better  soil  that  many 
places  in  Virginia.  Meanwhile  rainy  weather  set  in.  Finally 
I  reached  Yorktown  after  I  had  made  such  a  long  and  trouble- 
some journey  in  vain.  I  felt  afterwards,  day  after  day,  as  if 
sleep  would  overcome  me,  which  is  a  precursor  of  land-sickness. 
People  are  much  inclined  to  sleep  in  this  country.  I  have 
heard  from  people  that  they  had  seen  men,  overcome  by  the 
death-sleep,  who  had  been  led  and  wanted  to  sleep  while  walking, 
but  nothing  could  keep  them,  until  they  finally  passed  away  (44) . 
To  travel  alone  is  not  good  and  I  do  not  want  to  undertake  it 
again,  because  one  is  subjected  thereby  to  many  dangers. 
I  was  often  made  to  sleep  in  outhouses,  and  when  tired  and 
sleepy  had  to  be  apprehensive  of  some  accident  that  might 
happen  to  me,  because  I  was  often  compelled  to  take  lodging 
in  remote  places  where  there  was  but  a  single  house.  If  they 
had  committed  an  overt  act  against  my  life  or  property,  who 
could  have  made  a  complaint?  Otherwise  I  lived  better 
while  traveling  than  when  not.  I  made  good  use  of  their  hos- 
pitality. One  must,  however,  be  surprized  when  lodging  with 
poor  people,  for  better  food  is  frequently  met  with  there  than 
among  the  rich.  At  other  places  where  I  stayed  I  exchanged 
merchandise  for  food,  and  thus  supplied  myself  with  provisions. 
There  is  little  opportunity  to  sell  eatables,  except  in  harbors 
and  in  inns.  At  these  places  it  is  expensive,  for  a  meal  usually 
costs  a  shilling. 

(44)  This  is  no  doubt  the  well  known  sleeping  sickness,  which  was  first 
known  to  exist  on  the  west  coast  of  Africa,  and  which  later  appeared  in 
some  of  our  Southern  States.  It  is  caused  by  a  protozoon,  called  try- 
fonosonia,  and  is  transmitted  to  both  the  animal  and  the  human 
species  by  the  bite  of  a  fly. 


■xuiwanKi  iu4l 


THE  JOURNEY  OP   FRANCIS    LOUIS   MICHEL.  141 

At  York  town  I  met  again  one  of  the  Lerber  sisters  on  board 
of  ship,  because  she  had  come  into  the  country  with  the  same 
captain,  who  had  shown  them  much  kindness.  He  was  also 
the  cause  that  she  received  help  from  his  friends.  She  was 
traveling  back  to  England,  besides  other  reasons,  in  order  to 
buy  there  clothes  and  other  things.  As  soon  as  I  came  on  board 
of  ship,  the  captain  saw  me.  He  asked  me  whether  I  had 
letters  to  send  off.  I  said  no,  but  I^intended  to  return  myself. 
He  said  at  once,  if  the  ship  was  good  enough  for  me,  it  was  at  my 
service.  1  thanked  him  and  accepted  his  offer.  I  ordered  at 
once  my  goods  to  be  brought  to  the  ship.  I  must  report  that, 
if  one  does  not  have  a  passport  to  leave  the  country,  and  if  his 
name  has  not  been  read  in  church  three  weeks  before  and  has 
not  been  posted,  the  captain  is  not  permitted  under  oath  to 
take  him  out  of  the  country.  But,  inasmuch  as  this  captain 
had  himself  brought  me  into  the  country,  he  let  it  pass.  No 
stranger  ^^'ould  have  accepted  me,  if  he  had  known  that  I  had 
not  comjJiL'd  with  these  regulations. 

(To  be  continued.) 


•r  n  ■< 


IM 


.JHH 


.hsCi 


J  O  i  > 


142  •      VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT 

1622-1629*. 


From  the  Originals  in  the  Library  of  Congress. 

1 — 

(Continued.) 


*A11  erasures  in  the  originals  are  here  printed  in  itaUcs. 


(164.) 
Y'  is  ordered  that  Capt.  West  shall  deliver  some  Cloathes 
to  the  Portugall  out  of  Capt.  Jones  his  clothes  chest  of  Cloathes 
for  his  present  use  w'ch  is  to  be  satisfied  out  of  ye  negroes 
labour.  Y'  is  ordered  y'  the  negro  y*  cam  in  w'th  Capt. 
Jones  shall  remaine  w'th  y^  L'a.  Yardley  till  further  order  be 
taken  for  him  and  that  he  shalbe  allowed  by  the  Lady  Yardley 
monthly  for  his  labor  forty  pound  weigght  of  good  merchant- 
able tobacco  for  his  labor  and  service  so  longe  as  he  remaine 
'        with  her.        ...  .    i 

i.     ^r   .  .;,,.■        (165.)        '<'n 

A  Copie  of  }1'  John  Woodall  (1)  His  Letter  M^  Richard  Wake. 

Y'  so  god  have  appoynted  y'  my  servante  Christopher  Beste 
be  not  living  at  your  cominge  into  Virginia  or  that  he  before 
your  cominge  bee  come  for  Englande,  then  I  pray  you  to  take 
into  your  Custodie  on  ban-ell  of  whet  flower  marked  as  in 
■:  the  margent  &  (W.  No.  8)  also  one  Rundlett  of  six  gallons  of 
aquavitac,  and  Also  one  Rundlett  of  like  (W.  No.  2)  quantitie 

^      .    ^^}    J'^.^^"  Woodall  as  a  surgeon  of  London  who  made  business  ventures 
,.      in  Virginia.     Long  afterwards  he  was  suing  to  recover  for  other  losses. 

See  this  Magazine,  XI,  175,  178,  285,  287.     Christopher  Best  was  living 

at  James  City  in  1023. 

(2)     At  the  Census  of  1624-5,  Robert   Saben,  aged   30,  who  came  in 

the  Margaret  and  John  in  1022,  was  living  at  Elizabeth  City. 


ijdi:U  n\  ■  IIA" 


(.ini) 


j>    io  i\K)  ■y^  cjj  ?.it  xl'i  w 


://  vbiKi  'jfit    •  >d  Tiuij 


I  ^c 


.loii  riiw 


1   jjU 


ni  r»fnii3  of' 


MINUTES    OF    THE    COUNXIL    AND    GENERAL   COURT.  143 

fillt'd  with  Taniarindos  3G  li  and  to  sell  them  for  me  to  tlie  best 
advorjtage  )'ou  can  and  I  will  give  unto  you  for  your  love 
[r]  tu  me  in  selling  of  them  as  honest  Just  p'ffett,  the  Rundletts 
are  marked  (W.  No.  4)  as  in  the  margent,  and  for  y"  Kilderkni 
(W.  No.  5)  and  sm^ale  cheaste  marked  as  in  the  margent  I 
]  ra\  you  desire  the  m'r  of  the  shipp  to  bring  them  back  again 
to  me  uiiop-  (C.  B.  No.  2)  ened  and  well  Condiconed  and  I 
will  i-iaye  him  fraught  as  also  all  my  letters  I  wrote  to  Chris- 
topher Beste.  I  desire  you  to  return  them  sealed  unto  me 
and  1  jjray  }'ou  speak  to  him  for  them  and  soe  God  blesse 
}'our  Vioagc.  In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  sett  my 
hande  the  5*''  of  November  1624. 
By  me  John  Woodall, 


To  his  lo\'ing  friend  M' 
Wake,  Chirurgeon 

This 


& 


(166.) 

A  Courte  held  the  thirde  daye  of  October  1625,  being  present 
S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c.,  Capt.  Francis  West, 
Cajjt.  Roger  Smith,  Capt.  Raphe  Hamer,  Capt.  Samuel  Math- 
ews, Mr.  William  Cleyboume. 

Y*  is  ordered  y'  A  warrant  be  sent  for  Robert  Saben(2)  and 
William  Pryor  to  appeare  before  the  Govern  "■  and  Councill  at 
James  Cyttie  uppon  monday  next,  and  y'  Pryor  doe  bringe  up 
his  Covenant  with  him. 

Y*  is  ordered  ,y''  Walter  Horsefort  shall  put  in  Sufficient 
securitie  betwixt  this  and  monday  next  to  the  Purser  and  ships 
Companie  for  such  defi  as  shalbe  dew  unto  them. 

The  Court  hath  ordered  [word  illegible]  uppon  the  annext 
peticone  of  Thomias  Southemc,  one  of  the  Company's  tenants 
y^  he  shall  i)resently  have  his  freedom,  payinge  his  rent  for  the 
year,  And  putting  in  bond  with  sufficient  securitie  in  a  hundred 
pounds  Ster.  y*  he  shall  pay  for  the  residue  of  his  tyme  he  is  to 
sen^e  as  an}-  of  the  publique  Tenants  shall  paye,  whether  he 
live  or  dye.  :..,t'.K.  ^f      :;  ■    ■  '■■        ...     :    j.       t 


M         'Tfl 


r 


^ 


'U 


(Ml) 


144  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.     ■ 

Y*  is  ordered  y'  y^  master  of  the  Elizabeth  shall  pay  for  a 
hogg's  [hogshead]  of  meale,  a  bushell  of  peas,  one  bushell  and 
a  half  of  meale  and  one  firkin  of  suet  beinge  the  goodes  of  Jo. 
Peckenell,  Deaceased,  one  hundred  &  fyfteen  pound  of  Tobacco. 


(107.) 

Y'  is  ordered  y*  Mr.  David  Sandys,  (3)  minister,  dying  about 
the  first  of  August  laste,  shall  have  the  dewes  paide  for  his 
ininisterie  as  yf  he  had  lived  till  the  Cropp  had  been  gathered, 
And  that  all  his  p'rishoners  do  paye  their  tythes  to  the 
Administrator  or  Executor  of  the  said  Mr.  Sandys  or  theire 
lav\"full  Assignes. 

Y'  is  ordered  y^  accordinge  to  y^  great  Charter  of  orders, 
the  Counsell  shall  receave  for  their  moytie  the  moytie  of  the 
rents  of  the  publique  Tenants,  Allowing  out  of  it  to  Mr.  Wm. 
Cleyboume  for  his  means  belonging  to  his  office  of  Surve}'or 
for  this  year  fower  hundred  weight  of  Tobacco.  And  to  Randall 
Smallwood,  (4),  Provost  IVIarshall  two  hundred  pound  of 
Tobacco  and  three  barrells  of  Come.  And  the  other  mo>i:ie 
to  remaine  in  the  hands  of  S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Governor  &c., 
a  p'te  Satisfaction  of  his  meanes  dew  to  him. 

Y*  is  ordered  y^  negro  caled  by  the  name  of  brase  shall  be- 
long lo  S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Governor  &c..  As  his  servant,  not- 
w'thstandinge  any  sale  by  Capt.  Jonnes  to  Capt.  Bass,  or  any 
other  chaleng  [?]  by  the  ships  company,  And  neither  Capt. 
Bass  shalbe  lyable  to  his  bill  to  Capt.  Jones,  nor  Capt.  Jones 
to  his  Covenant  of  making  good  the  sale  to  Capt.  Bass. 


(168.) 
The  Oathes  of  Thomas  Swyft  (5)  and  William  Bynks  Taken 
before  the  ryght  Worp'U  S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor 
&c.,  the  seventh  day  of  October  1625. 

(3)  David  Sandys,  minister  of  James  City,  1G24-5,  came  in  the  Bona- 
venture  in  1620. 

(4)  Randall  Smallwood,  who  was  for  some  years  provost  marsha 
at  Jamestown,  was  living  there  in  1023. 

(5)  Thomas  Swift  who  came  in  the  Tiger  in  1622,  was  living  on  George 
Sandys'  plantation  near  Jamestown  1624-5.  He  seems  to  have  succeeded 
Capt.  Norton  at  the  Glass  House.  In  1623  he,  John  Burland  and  William 
Bincks,  were  living  at  "the  plantation  over  against  Jamestown."  VVm. 
Bincks  and  Ann  his  wife  came  in  the  George. 


V>    imiKyj     hjibiitifi    ov/ 


^     -:1»»f»'-' 


Ol 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND    GENERAL   COURT.  145 

Thomas  Swyft,  gent.,  uppon  his  oath  deposeth  that  he 
hath  herde  John  Burland  sundrie  tymes  demande  of  Mr.  Therer 
[Treasurer]  satisfactione  for  certen  Tobacco  and  three  bar- 
rells  of  Come  w'ch  Capt.  Wilham  Norton  did  owe  him  and 
sayeth  that  Mr.  Trear.  did  p'mise  him  payment  as  soone  as 
Capt.  Norton's  goodes  were  solde. 

And  further  he  sayeth  y'  he  hath  herde  it  often  tymes  re- 
cited by  divers  p'sons  that  Thomas  Wilson  did  worke  a  longe 
time  vv'ith  Capt.  Norton  (but  how  longe  he  doth  not  certenly 
know),  and  further  sayeth  that  he  hath  herde  Mr.  Peirce  Ber- 
nardo who  Hved  in  house  with  Capt.  Norton  saye  that  the 
said  Willson  did  never  receave  sattisfaction  of  Capt.  Norton 
for  his  worke. 

Wilham  Bynckes  swome  &  deposeth  that  he  knew  that 
the  said  John  Burland  did  remain  with  Capt.  Norton  before 
his  death  and  after,  A  twelve  month  at  the  lest,  but  [what?] 
wages  he  was  to  have  he  knoweth  not. 

And  as  Conceminge  Thomas  Willson  he  deposeth  as  Mr. 
Swyft  hath  saide. 

(169.)  .     .  ,  , 

A  Courte  held  the  XVP*"  of  October  1625  beinge  present 
Sr  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c.,  Capt.  ffrancis  West, 
Capt.  Roger  vSmith,  Capt.  Raphe  Hamor,  Capt.  Samuell 
Mathews,  Mr.  William  Cleyboume. 

Y^  is  ordered  y*  William  Davis  (5)  shall  pay  to  the  Assignees 
of  Morris  Thompson  Imediately  three  hundred  pounds  weighs 
of  Tobacco  w'ch  was  dew  to  the  Morris  Thompson  by  bonde 
the  fhrst  of  December  last  past  as  by  y-'  bond  p'duced  in  Coiu-te 
Appeareth,  And  by  the  said  Wm.  Davis  Acknowledged  in 
Courte. 

Yt  is  ordered  y*  the  Provost  Marshall  shall  receeve  all  such 
depts  and  Tobacco  as  shalbe  dew  to  Elizabeth  ffox  widdow 
and  to  take  the  charge  of  sendinge  the  same  to  her  to  Eng- 
land receaving  a  bill  of  lading  for  y''  same  &  to  pay  such  depts 
as  ffox  did  owe  in  this  Country. 

(5)  William  Davis,  aged  33,  who  came  in  the  William  and  Thomas, 
in  1618,  was  living  on  the  Eastern  Shore  1G24-5. 


./i  .Jou  }  vj  no 


.J      /.rf 


'J  ';■ 


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(mv> 


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r-i  '«■  'ij 


146  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.    -«•«•-»  '  'i^ 

It  is  ordered  y*  there  be  a  warrant  sent  for  Henry  Geny 
doe  appear  before  the  Governor  &  Councill  at  James  Cyttie 
within  XXX  days  next  after  y''  sight  of  the  warrant  to  answer 
to  his  Contempt  in  goinge  A  Tradinge  Contrary  to  the  Act 
of  the  generall  Assembly. 


(170.) 

The  deposition  of  John  Tay>or  (6)  about  the  age  of  xxxviii 
years  taken  before  Abraham  Persie,  Esquire  and  Capt.  Wm. 
Tucker  the  xxiiii'^^  of  June  1625. 

The  deponent  sayeth  y*  Capt.  George  Thorpe  came  unto 
him  and  demanded  wh.[at?]  were  two  of  the  best  cowes  be- 
longing to  S'r  Thomas  Dale  biddinge  of  him  for  to  api)oyntc 
him  unto  two  of  the  best  Cowes  for  he  was  to  have  them,  w'ch 
this  Examanant  did  do.  The  w'ch  Cowes  were  deHvereci 
unto  Capt.  Thorpe  about  six  dayes  after,  but  by  whose  ortler 
he  knoweth  not,  for  at  that  Tyme  Mr.  Henry  Watkins  was 
overseer  of  the  La.  Dales  servantes  and  Cattle  and  had  tlie 
comand  of  them,  This  Examanants  knowledge  therof  is  That 
Mr.  Watkins  p'mised  him  a  rewarde  to  have  a  care  of  the 
Cattle  l^elonging  to  the  La.  Dale,  And  to  this  Examinants 
knowledge  S'r  George  Yardley,  Knight,  did  never  give  order 
for  the  lending  of  these  two  Cowes  to  Capt.  Thorpe,  for  by 
whose  order  he  had  those  Cattle  he  knoweth  [not?],  yett 
by  all  likely  wise  it  was  by  order  from  Mr.  Watkins,  when 
this  Examinant  saw  Capt.  Thorpe  &  the  saide  Henry  Wat- 
kins talke  sundry  tymes  together  about  that  tyme.  And  further 
this  Examinant  Sayeth  that  the  names  of  those  Cowes  were 
to  the  "best  of  his  remembrance  called  Bellowman  and  the 
other  Morgan,  w'ch  were  also  marked  with  S'r  Thomas  Dales 
markc  uppon  the  homes.  And  as  this  Exa't  tliinketh  was 
about  the  tyme  of  our  Lord  1620,  neither  doth  he  know  of  any 

(6)  John  Taylor,  aged  34,  who  came  in  the  Swan  in  1610,  was  living 
at  Elizabeth  City  1624-5.  Rebecca  Taylor,  aged  22,  who  came  in  the 
Margaret  and  John,  1623,  appears  next  to  John  Taylor  in  the  census  and 
was  doubtless  his  wife.  John  Taylor,  it  is  evident,  had,  previous  to  the 
massacre,  lived  at  Berkeley  Hundred.  Henry  Watkins  lived  on  the 
Eastern  Shore  in  Feb.  1623-4,  and  in  March  1623-4,  was  a  men^ber  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses.  He,  too,  seems  to  have  lived  at  Berkeley  before 
the  Massacre. 


<l  lor^Al 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL   AND   GENERAL    COURT.  147 

Other  Cattle  or  goates  of  the  said  S'r  Thomas  Dales  that  were 
delivered  to  any  other  p'sone  w'tsoever,  He  also  affirmeth 
that  S'r  George  Yardley  aforesaid  never  spoke  to  him  or  to  any 
other  to  his  knowledge  for  the  delivering  of  any  cattle  y'  did 
any  way  belong  unto  the  Ladie  Dale,  And  this  is  as  much  as 
this  Examinant  can  saye  unto  the  firste  and  second  Interroga- 
tories p'duced  by  Charles  Hamar  in  the  behalfe  of  the  La.  Dale. 
William.  Tucker.  The  Marke  of  John  X  Taylor. 

(171.) 
Interrogatories  to  be  imp'ted  [?]  to  John  Taylor  of  Elizabeth 
Cyttie  one  the  p'te  and  behalfe  of  the  right  Worp'l  the  Lady 
Elizabeth  Dale  as  followth 

In  primis.  doe  you  know  whether  Capt.   Thorpe  late  de- 
ceased had  in  his  possession  Cattle  of  any  kinde  w'tsoever  be- 
longing of  ryghte  to  the  la.  Dale  aforesaide 
•  Did  not  S'r  George  Yardley  Knight  loan  two  Cowes  of  the 
said  La.  Dales  to  the  saide  Capt.  Thorpe,  what  were  the  names 
and  markcs  of  the  said  two  Cowes,  and  how  longe  tyme  were 
they  so  lent  unto  y«  saide  Capt.  Thorpe,  do  you  know  whether 
any  other  p'sons  were  presente  or  pryvee  to  the  delivery  of 
the  s'd  two  Cowes  or  of  any  other  Cowes  or  goates  of  the  La 
Dales  to  the  saide  Capt.  Thorpe  or  his  Servants  by  Sr  George 
Yardley  his  order,  what  are  the  names  of  the  saide  p'sons, 
and  how  many  are  the  saide  Cattle  or  goates  or  eyther  of  them! 
Declare  the  truth  of  your  Knowledge  according  to  your  best 
remembrance  unto  every  poynte  of  this  Interrogatorie. 

Item,  do  you  know  whether  S'r  George  Yardley  himself  or 
any  other  p'son  either  deceased  or  now  livinge  in  this  land  or 
elsewhere  hath  at  any  tyme  within  your  remembrance  pos- 
sessed and  employed  to  his  owne  p'pr  use  any  of  the  Cattle 
or  goates  or  the  breede  of  them  belonging  of  right  to  the  saide 
La  Dale,  w'  are  the  names  of  such  p'sones  and  how  many  are 
those  Cattle  and  goates  or  their  breede  that  were  so  possessed 
and  used,  how  long  it  is  since  the  saide  p'sones  had  them,  by 
what  order,  and  of  whom  had  the  saide  p'sons  those  Cattle, 
and  their  breede,  declare  ye  truth  of  your  knowledge  to  your 
remembrance. 


TW       .Tatjoo  JAJisvjTw  avi. 


iB8 


r(A 


148  '^         VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  '.'■*''•) 

•    '■  (172.)       ■'  ■■     •        ■•■ 

Whereas  John  Southeme  (7)  of  Titchfield  in  the  Countie  of 
Southampton  was  divers  years  since  sent  over  into  Virginia 
for  the  managinge  the  afifayrcs  of  Southampton  Himdred  but 
by  the  Commandments  of  the  Governor  was  sent  upp  to  the 
Iron  Workes  where  he  was  in  many  places  of  his  bodie  greavously 
wounded,  To  his  ahnost  utter  Undoinge  and  growing  now  old 
and  weake  havinge  theere  Wiefe  &  Children  is  willing  to  Come 
for  Englande,  We  whose  names  are  hereunder  written  Adven- 
turers for  the  Plantacone  of  the  sfime  Southampton  Hundred, 
havinge  promised  libertie  to  the  saide  Southeme  before  his 
goinge  hither  that  he  Should  retume  at  his  pleasure.  Doe 
heereb}^  Desire  the  Governor  and  Counsell  of  Virginia  for  the 
tyme  beinge  and  in  p'ticular  S'r  George  Yardley  to  whom  the 
principall  charge  of  the  saide  Hundred  is  Committed,  to  permitt 
the  said  John  Southeme  to  repayre  Unto  England  whenever  he 
shalbe  willinge  soe  to  Doe  w'ch  reasonable  request  hoping  you 
will  nott  Deny,  We  take  our  Leaves  and  rest  this  ffirst  of  August 
1624.         from  London,  Your  very  lovinge  friends, 

H.  Southampton  (8) 
Arthur  Branfield,  John  Farrar. 

Nicholas  Farrar, Gab'l  Barber. 

(173.) 

A  Courte  held  the  XXP*^  of  November  1625,  beinge  present 
S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight  Govemor  &c.,  Capt.  ffrancis  West, 
Capt.  Roger  Smith,  Capt.  Raphe  Hamor,  Mr.  WiUiam  Cley- 
boume. 

Robert    Newman    (9)    swome    and    examined    sayeth     y* 

(7)  John  Southeme  came  in  the  George  in  1G20,  and  lived  at  James 
Cittie  1^)24-5.  He  was  a  Burgess  in  1623  and  1029-30  for  James  City 
Island,  so  that  he  must  have  returned  from  England.  The  "iron  works" 
were  at  Falling  Creek.  The  Earl  of  Southampton  had  an  estate  at 
Tichfield,  and  was  buried  there. 

(8)  Henry  Wriothesly,  3d,  Earl  of  Southampton,  friend  and  patron 
of  Shakespeare  and  an  eminent  member  of  the  Virginia  Company.  One 
cannot  help  feeling  regret  that  a  document  with  signatures  of  such  in- 
terest (which  was  of  course  sent  to  Virginia)  was  not  preserved. 

(9)  The  "Muster"  of  William  Gayne  and  Robert  Newman  at  Eliza- 
beth Cily  in  the  Census  of  1G24-5,  included  eight  per.sons,  among  them, 
Newman,  himself,  aged  25,  who  came  in  the  Neptune  in  1618  Edward 
Nevell  seems  to  have  been  agent  or  supercargo  for  Thos.  Weston,  mer- 
chant, of  London. 


r  I     •  ^  ir.ji 


MINUTES    OF   THE    COUNCIL    AND    GENERAL    COURT.  149 

M""  Crispe  demanded  his  Tobacco  of  Mr.  Nevell  and  Mr.  Nevell 
made  his  answere  y'  he  wold  not  deliver  Mr.  Crispe  to  the 
vallew  of  a  pounde  w'thout  order  from  Mr.  Weston  or  that  Mr. 
Weston  did  come  himselfe,  and  saide  let  the  Tobacco  rott  or 
Spoyle  he  cared  nott. 

And  further  this  deponent  sayeth  that  Mr.  Crispe  did  often 
tymes  demand  his  Tobacco  of  Mr.  Nevell  but  he  wold  not  de- 
liver it  to  him. 

Edward  Nevell  beinge  examined  sayeth  y*  Mr.  Crispe  did 
divers  Tymes  demande  his  Tobacco  of  him  &  that  he  told 
Mr.  Crispe  y*  unles  he  would  bring  Mr.  Wetheredge  to  enter 
into  bond  y'  Mr.  Crispe  should  not  Truck  away  this  Tobacco 
in  y  Countrey  he  would  not  deliver  him  any  without  Speciall 
order  from  Mr.  Weston.  Mr.  Weston  gave  the  order  not  to 
deliver  Mr.  Crispe  any  Tobacco  unles  Mr.  Wetheredge  would 
enter  into  a  bond  for  Mr.  Crispe  or  some  other  M^  And  fur- 
ther he  acknowledgeth  y''  these  denials  were  made  before  Mr. 
Wetheredge  went  away. 


(174.) 

A  CourLe  held  the  24  ^'^  of  November  1625,  beinge  present 
S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c.,  Capt.  Roger  Smith, 
Capt.  Samuel  Mathews,  Mr.  William  Cleyboume. 

Y*  is  ordered  y'  Capt.  Tucker  shall  deliver  to  Mr.  Samuell 
[Daniell]  Gookins  servants  for  there  necessary  use  and  Susten- 
tatione  Sujjport  Apparell  Wheat  and  Come  for  one  whole  yeere, 
According  to  theire  Covenants,  And  that  the  same  be  delivered 
unto  them  presentlye,  for  that  theire  tyme  of  service  is  fully 
expired.  And  in  regard  y*  Capt.  Tucker  hath  written  to 
Mr.  Gookin  Conceniinge  the  Covenante  between  Mr.  Gookin 
and  these  rnen  now  sett  free,  The  Court  conceaves  it  fitt  that 
these  men  may  dispose  of  themselves  for  this  next  yeere  untill 
putting  in  securitie  to  Capt.  Tucker  to  give  Mr.  Gookin  such 
Satisfactione  as  the  law  shall  awarde. 


Ul 


/  ffav^K  tnayfibd 


.  y£W£  aioinT  ;ton  jliioda  sqi/ 

■jvoVI  'io  '"I'S:  t)  inn')   /, 


J  50  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

And  further  it  is  ordered  that  John  Curtis  (10)  shall  have  his 
Pass  to  goe  to  Englande  his  brother  Thomas  Curtis  goinge 
bond  to  be  answerable  for  such  suits  as  by  Mr.  Gookin  shalbe 
comenced  against  him  for  one  Conceminge  any  Covenant  be- 
twixt Mr.  Gookin  and  him. 

(10)  Joltn  Curtis,  aged  22,  who  came  in  the  Flyinge  Hart,  in  1621, 
lived  at  Elizabeth  City  1624-5.  Thos.  Curtis,  aged  24,  who  also  came 
in  the  Flyinge  Hart  was  then  one  of  Daniel  Gookin's  servants  at  "Newports 
Newes."  Gookins  men  had  evidently  came  over  under  "covenant"  or 
indenture  to  him. 

(To  be  continued) 


;  r'- 


•il 


(11      ,1 


f , 


COUNCIL   PAPERS. 


151 


COUNCIL  PAPERS  1698-1702 


From  the  Originals  in  the  Virginia  State  Library 
(Continued) 

Certificates  in  Regard  to  Rev.  Samuel  Gray 

We  the  Subscribers  Justices  of  the  peace  as  well  as  Vestry- 
men in  and  for  the  County  of  Middlesex  &  parish  of  Christ 
church  in  Virginia,  Do  hereby  Certify  all  &  several  whom  these 
presents  may  or  shall  concern,  That  among  us  hath  lived  sev- 
eral years  Samuel  Gray,  Clerk,  a  peacefull  neighbour,  upright 
&  fair  in  his  dealings  8c  of  a  good  conversation.  Given  under 
our  hands  this  moneth  of  December  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  God 
1702  and  in  the  first  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Soveraign  Lady 
Oueen  Anne 


Rob'  Daniel 
Wm.  KHbee 
Rich"^  Kemp 
William  Skipwith 


Jno  Grymes 
Wm.  ChurchhiU 
Harry  Beverley 
Matth.  Kemp 


Francis  Weeks 
Henry  Thacker 
Edwin  Thacker 
G.  Corbin 


To  his  Excellency  Francis  Nicholson  Esq''  her  Ma'^^^  Lieu'' 
and  Govern'  General  of  Virginia       -     ■ 

May  it  please  Yo''  Excell'=y 

We  the  Subscribers  Vestrymen  of  Copley  parish  in  the 
County  of  Westmorland  being  destitute  of  a  Minister  and  hav- 
ing the  bearer  Samuel  Gray  Clerk  well  recommended  to  us 
by  many  v/orthy  Gent  of  the  County  where  he  has  lived  sev- 
eral years.  Are  v/illing  with  yo""  Excell'^y"  Leave  to  entertain 
him  as  our  Min'  for  the  erisuing  year  as  hath  been  usual  ever 
since  we  were  a  parish. 


Ul 


YAxO  aauMAS  .va^  ot  aaA03>T  «r  anTADWiraaD 


1'-       ej  uni-i      u,-i,-n  rfiiwqiyl'lrnailfiW 


uvi.i  ""bI/  vA  '[.«^   f)0?:lor{'-"^  •.;.r.,.,'^i  i  ,,jd  ^-T 


r't  ;(•    •:    ;u;..j    Y^'<i  ■    > 


1<->      rf..  .^ 


.•:i/i  T  -I'irr:..  a  orrrJi**' 


152  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.    '  ' .". 

Yo'  Ex^y^  most  humble  Servants 
Jno  Gerard  Gerard  Hutt  Rich*^  Lee 

James  Wcstcomb  Jno  Bush  wood  Fra.  Wright 

Miclill  Willington  W.  Allerton  Jno  Sturman 

Rob'  Barrett 
At  a  Vestry  held  in  &  for 
the  s''  parish 
March  y  17'^  1702-3.  "       .  .  • 


Arms  Sent  to  Virginia. 

Her  Majesty  by  her  order  in  Council  of  the  6th  of  August 
last  having  directed  y^  sending  of  Arms  &  Ammunition  for 
y"  service  of  her  Matys  Colony  of  Virginia  which  being  laden 
on  board  the  ship  Cuthbert  and  Spranger  of  London,  Jno 
Markham  M""  bound  for  York  River,  and  by  bill  of  Lad- 
ing consigned  to  be  delivered  to  you  or  yo''  order  in  James 
River  or  to  the  Governor  or  Com'^'^''  in  chief  for  the  time  being, 
We  send  you  inclosed  her  Ma''^"  letter  with  an  accompt  of  the 
Cost  &:  charges  of  the  said  Arms  and  ammunition  Amounting 
to  three  thousand  three  hundred  eighty  eight  pounds  three 
shillings  &  four  pence  directing  payment  of  y'^  said  Sum  for  the 
same  out  of  her  Ma''*^*  Revenue  of  Quitt  rents  within  that  Col- 
ony by  transmitting  Bills  of  that  value  to  the  Treas''  &  paym' 
of  this  office,  and  desire  on  receipt  of  y*"  s'*  arms  &  ammuni- 
con  you  will  transmitt  bills  for  y®  s*^  Siun  of  £3388.  s3.  d4 
payable  to  the  honbl^  Charles  Bertie  Esqr''  Treas''  &  pay  M'' 
for  y^  time  being,  and  give  advice  thereof  to  this  board.  We 
are  y^  humble  servants 

J.  Musgrave  '    "        J.  Granville  Wm.  Bridges 

J.  Pulteney 
Office  of  Ordnance   1"  Febmary  1702 
Gov  of  Virginia. 


Jj     ^iU. 


'     ■  =ffj  to 


b:TU  niW 


^^  »•! 


council  papers  -■  153 

■    Arms  Sent  to  Virginia 


Lord  Nottingham  TO  THE  Governor  OF  Virginia 

Whitehall,   Feb.   25^*'   1702-3 
Sir 

The  Queen  commands  me  to  acquaint  you  that  War 
having  been  declared  in  the  West  Indies  as  well  as  in  Eurojie 
in  pursuance  of  her  Ma'''-'^  orders  ag"'  the  Spaniards;  Her 
Ma'y  would  have  you  be  very  vigorous  &  severe  in  prevent- 
ing any  Amnumition  or  Stores  of  any  kind  from  being  carried 
to  them,  and  would  have  you  use  all  proper  methods  that  may 
be  most  effectual  for  this  purpose.         I  am 

Yo'  most  humble  Servant 

Nottingham. 


Whitehall,  March  20*'^  1702-3 
Sir 

Her  Majesty  having  considered  the  ill  practice  of  the 
Merchants  and  planters  in  the  West  Indies  during  the  last  war 
in  corresponding  with  the  French  not  only  in  trading  with 
them,  but  in  carrying  intelligence  to  'em  to  the  great  prejudice 
and  hazard  of  the  English  plantacons.  I  am  commanded  to 
acquaint  you,  that  by  all  possible  methods  you  must  endeavor 
to  hinder  all  manner  of  Trade  &  correspondence  with  the  French 
whose  strength  in  the  West  Indies  gives  very  just  apprehension 
of  the  mischiefs  that  may  ensue,  if  the  utmost  care  be  not  taken 
to   prevent   them.     I   am 

.  ••./        .    ,     ,       Yo"'  most  humble  Servant 

Nottingham. 
Both         To  Francis  Nicholson  Esq'' 
directed  her  Ma'''''^  Lieu'  &  Gov'  .i    ,,      , 

Genl  8c  Gov''  of  Virginia, 
&c.  .  .       • 


{;-L'0' 


.UKUOy.lTt\t* 


V 


uijtjlA 


•.)A 


154  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Account  of  William  Byrd,  Auditor  General,  1702 
Virginia  es.  William  Byrd  Auditor  to  her  Ma'»®^  Revenue 
of  two  shill^  p  hh*^  for  every  hogsh**  of  Tobacco  exported  out 
of  this  Colony  15^^  p  Tunn  for  every  Ship  Lading  here  G*^  p  poll 
for  every  person  imported  also  all  Rights  for  land  sold  from 
the  10'''  of  July  to  the  25'*'  of  October  1702  following  is  D^ 
hh*^^  Tuns,  passeng" 

To  Ballance  due  her  Maty        £     O     d  ■ 
as  p  acco'  sent  July  y"  10"'..    3515.  10  .3}4 
625.  405.  34. 

To  CoU'o  Wm.  Wilson 

Naval  Officer  in  thelow^ 

District  of  James  River 

his  acco  *  of  2  'o  p  hh^'port 

duty  and  head  money 88.  13  .  3 

18841  i.  424.  212. 

To  CoU'o  Miles  Cary 

Naval  Officer  in  York 

River  his    hh''^    Tuns. 

passeng"  acco'  of  Ditto....      218.    5  .  0 
401.  50.  2890.  879.  246. 

To  M''  Hancock  Custis 

Naval    officer    on    the 

Eastern  shore  his  acco' 

of  Ditto  to  y''  25"^  of 

October 43.    4.6 

3865.  I3T  0}i 
No  acco'  from  Potomack,  Rappahan- 
nock, the  upper  District  of  James  River. 

To  Rights  for  Land  Sold  to  this  date £3892.  18  .     ]4 

Contra    C'' 
To  paid  his  Excel^'^  3^   a  year  sallary,  ending 

y«  25'h  Octo'  by  order  of  his  Excell^>' 1000.    0  .  0 

By  p"i  his  Excell'^^  }/2  a  years  house  rent  end- 
ing y'=  same  time  by  ord""  as  above 75.    0.0 

By  paid  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Council  }^'2  a 
years  Sallary  ending  y*^  same  time  by  ord""  as 
above .. 175.    0.   0 


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COUNCIL    PAPERS.  '   ."     '•    --•  155 

By  paid  William  Blathwait  Esq''  Yi  a  years  Sal- 

lary  ending  y*^  same  time  by  ord'  as  above- 50.    0.0 

By  paid  M''  Robertson  Yi  a  years  Sallary  as 
Clerk  of  the  Council  ending  y**  same  time  by 

ord--  as  before 25.    0.0 

By  paid  the  Sollicitor  of  Virginia  affairs  Yi  a 
years  Sallary  ending  y^  same  time  by  ord''  as 

before. - 50.    0.0 

By  paid  IVP  Harrison  as  Attorney  Genii  Yi  a- 
years  Sallary  ending  y'^  same  time  by  ord'  as 

before _... 20.    0.0 

By  ]jaid  A'P  Robertson  for  so  much  paid  the 

Ministers  for  one  Genii  Court ._ 10.    0.0 

By  paid  Edward  Ross  Gunner  of  James  City 

Yi  a  i'ears  Sallary  ending  y^  same  time 5.    0.0 

By  paid  M''  Robertson  for  so  much  paid  by  him 
for  sevll  charges  about  the  Indians  &  other 

Contingencies  by  order  of  his  ExcelP^..... 89.  10  .  0 

By  paid  y''  same  for  Messengers  to  New  York, 

Maryland,  &c  by  order  as  above 94.  16  .  8 

By  the  Collectors  Sallary  of  £350.  2.  9  at  10 

p  C^  is 35.       .  3 

By  the  Auditors  Sallary  for  £315  rec''  of  the 
Coll^  &  for  £27.  5  rec^  for  Rights  makes  £342. 
7.  6  at  lYi  P  Cent 25.  13  .  61^ 


1655.    0  .  534 
So  that  there  remains  due  to  her  Majesty  from 
this  accomptant  the  sum  of  Two  thousand  two 
hundred  thirty  seven  pounds  seventeen  shill- 
ings &  seven  pence  Sterling 2237.  17  .  7 


3892.  18  .     Y^ 
William  Byrd,  Audi  to'     •■ 


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166  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Virginia  ss. 
William  Byrd  Auditor  of  her  Ma''"  Revenue 
of  two  shillings  p  hogshead  for  every  hogshead 
of  Tobacco  exported  out  of  this  Colony  15*^ 
p  Tun  for  every  Ship  lading  here,  and  six  pence 
p  pole  for  every  person  imported,  also  for 
Rights  for  Land  sold  since  the  25  "^  of  October 
1702  till  the  25^''  of  April  1703  is  D'  £     O     d 

Hogs'^  Tuns.  pass". 

To   Ballance   due   to    her 
Majesty  by  acco'  25'^   of 

October  past .__ _ 2237.  17  .  7 

2148.  1115.  104. 

To  Coll'o  Miles  Gary  Naval 
Officer  of  York  River  District 
his    acco'  of  2'o  p  hh<^    port 

dutys,  head  money 288.  19  .  3 

1539>^.  450.  34. 

To  Cap'  Natll  Harrison  Naval 
Officer  in  the  Upper  District  of 
James  River  his  acco'  of  2°  p 
hh''  port  dutys  &c  652.  501. 
To  Collo  Wm  Wilson  Naval 
Officer  in  the  Lower  District  of  . 
James  River  his  acco'  of  2°   p 

hh'*  and  port  dutys 96.  10  .  3 

882.  435.  28. 

To  Coll  'o  Gan.dn  Corbin  Naval 
Officer  of  Rappahannock  River 
District  his  acco'  of  2'o  p  hh"^ 

port  dutys  and  head  money 116.    1  .  9 

898.  161. 

.  To  Collo  Rich<^  Lee  JiJaval  Offi- 

cer  of  Potomack    District   his 

acco'  of  2'^  p  hh'^  &  port  dutys 99.  18  .  3 

3022.    5.7 

To  several  Rights  for  Land  sold  amounting  to 101 5^0 

£31237l0  .  7 


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■  '*'  '      COUNCIL    PAPERS.  i<it*.«;:,  157 

Contra  C'' 
By  paid  his  Excellency  3^  years  Sallary  ending 

yo  25tii  April  by  order  of  his  Excell'^^'.. ._ 1000.    0  .  0 

By  paid  his    Excell'^y    }^    years    house    rent 

ending  y"  same  time  by  order  of  his  Excel^y 75.    0.0 

By  paid  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Council  }/2  year 
Sallary  ending  y"  same  time  by  order  as  above....  175.    0.0 
By  paid  Wm  Blathwayt  Esq''  J^  a  years  Sal- 
lary ending  y''  same  time  by  order  as  above 50.    0.0 

By  paid  M^  Robertson  }/2  ^  years  Sallary  as 

Clerk  of  the  Council  ending  &c 25.    0.0 

By  paid  the  Sollicitor  of  Virgima  affairs  3^  a 

years  Sallary  ending  &c 50.    0.0     ' 

By  paid  M"  Robertson  for  so  much  paid  y 

Ministers  for  one  Court  &  Assembly 10.    0.0    • 

By   paid   JM'  Harrison  as  Attorney  Genii  3^ 

years  Sallary  ending  &c 20.    0.0 

By  paid  Edward  Ross  Gunner  of  James  City 

}/-2  a  years  Sallary _ 5     0.0 

B>-  paid  M''  Robertson  for  so  much  paid  M" 

John  ffrecman  for  his  Journey  to  New  York  ; 

and  back  again  by  order  as  above 30.    0.0 

By  paid    M'"  Robertson    for    sevll    messages 

&  other  Contingencies  by  ord''  as  above..... 98.  15  .  0 

B}'  paid  the  same  for  charges  about  Indians 

&  sevll  extraordinary  Expresses 87.    8.0 

By  the  Collectors  Sallary  for  £784.  8.  at  10 

P    C' 78.16.  93^ 

By  the  Auditors  Sallary  for   £806.  16.  23^  at 

Iji  P  C' 60.  10  .  23^ 

£1765.  10  .  0 
So  that  there  remains  due  from  this  acco'  to  her 
Majesty  tlie  sume  of  One  thousand  three'hun- 
dred  fifty  eight  pounds  and  seven  pence   to 
B'lllance _ 1358.    0.7     ' 

£3123.  10  .  7 

William  Byrd  Auditor 

(To  be  continued.) 


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158  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ir   .i  V  \  vViU  2<,' 

VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


(Contributed   by   Leo   Culleton,   92   Piccadilly,   London,  W., 
and  the  late  Lathrop  Withington.) 
(continued) 
Sir  Sampson  Darell,   Knight.        Will  21   May   1635; 
proved  1  July  1635.         To  each  of  my  children  £1000  each 
except  my  eldest  son.         Sir  John  Parsons  to  have  the  order- 
ing of  my  part  in  the  Cole  farm  for  my  wife.         Executors- 
my  wife  and  Sir  John  Parsons.         Witnesses :  Buchan  Robert 
Lesley,  Barth:  Cressener.         Proved  first  by  Elizabeth  Dar- 
rell,  relict,  and  14  June  1642  by  Marmaduke  Darrell  son  of 
deceased  on  death  of  Elizabeth.         Sadler,  84. 

[Sir  Sampson  Darrell  probably  had  descendants  in  Virginia  as  the  name 
Sampson  was  frequently  borne  by  members  of  a  Darrell  family  here. 
See  this  Magazine  XVII,  115.]  ,,,  ,, 

Robert  Filmer  of  East  Sutton,  county  Kent,  gentleman. 
Will  11  April  1629;  proved  4  M^y  1629.  Body  to  upper 
Chancel  of  Church  of  East  Sutton.  To  the  poor  40s.  To 
the  lady  Filmer  my  sister  £10.  To  my  brother  Henry  Fil- 
mer my  gold  ring  and  three  suites  of  apparel  two  of  cloth  and 
one  of  pink  sattin.  Two  hats  and  two  pairs  of  silk  stockings. 
To  my  neece,  Mrs.  Mary  Knatchbull,  to  Sir  Robert  Filmer, 
Mr.  Edward  Filmer,  Mr.  John  Filmer,  Reynold  Filmer  and 
Henry  Filmer  gent,  my  nephews  40s.  apeece.  To  my  neeces 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Faulkner,  Mrs.  Katherine  Barram  and  Mrs. 
Sarah  Filmer  40s.  each  for  rings.  To  Edward  Filmer  my 
brother  Anthonie's  son  £20  at  22  years.  To  his  brother 
Henry  £10  at  23.  To  his  sister  Mrs.  Francis  Filmer  my 
neece  £10.  To  my  daughter  in  law  Penelope  Bellinger 
her  mother's  wedding  ring.  To  Mrs.  Elizab.  Faulkner 
my  neece  a  black  taffeta  gown.  To  my  Lady  Filmer  my 
sister  a  pair  of  gloves  wrought  with  pearls.  Residue  to  my 
brother  Sir  Edward  Filmer  Knight,  sole  executor.  Wit- 
nesses: Laurence  Foxe,  Thos.  Gateley.         Ridley,  49. 


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VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.        ;  .*«.  159 

Sir  Edward  Filmer  of  East  Sutton,  county  Kent,  Knight 
(aged  63,  17th  January  last.)  Will  20  October  Vth  Chas.  I; 
proved  5  December  1629.  To  my  daughter  Elizabeth  wife 
of  William  Faulkner  Citizen  and  Draper  of  London,  if  she 
survive  her  husband  £500.  If  said  husband  survive  said 
Elizabeth  then  to  her  children  £300  equally  divided.  If 

she  die  without  issue  then  to  her  husband  £20.  Executors 
to  find  meat  drink  and  apparel  to  said  Elizabeth  to  the  value 
of  £40  yearly.  To  my  three  sons  Edward,  John  and  Henry 
Filrner  £10  each.  And  because  my  son  Reynald's  estate 
consists  in  trading  beyond  the  seas  I  forgive  him  all  debts 
(£550).  To  said  Reynold  £50.  To  my  son  Henry  if 
he  commence  M.  A.  in  University  of  Cambridge  £40  and  fur- 
thur  £100.  To  my  daughters  Mary  KJnatchbull  and  Cath- 
erine Barham  £20  each.  To  Edward  Knatchbull  my  god- 
son £5.  To  his  sister  Mary  £20.  To  his  brother  John  £2. 
To  Edward  Barham  my  godson.  To  Elizabeth  Barham 
my  wive's  goddaughter  £5.  To  other  grandchildren,  Rob- 
ert, Thomas,  Charles,  and  Richard  Barham  40s.  each.  To 
Dame  Ann  wife  of  my  son  Sir  Robert  Fikner  lb20  for  a  ring. 
To  my  daughter  Sara  £1000  further  £500  annuity  of  £10 
to  my  brother  Henry.  To  Dorothy  daughter  of  my  brother 
Anthony  Filmer  £10.  To  Dame  Elizabeth  my  wife  £120 
and  all  her  chains  and  jewels  and  all  my  household  stuff  in 
CoUedghouse  in  Maidstone,  a  third  part  of  linen  and  silver. 
My  lease  of  Rectory  of  East  Sutton  towards  payment  of  my 
debts.  The  other  two  parts  of  linen,  silver,  etc.,  to  my  son 
Sir  Robert  Filmer.  My  wife  shall  have  the  leases  of  cer- 
tain houses  in  KJnightrider  Street  lately  given  me  by  my  brother 
Robert  Filmer,  esq..  Dame  Elizabeth  and  Sir  Robert  my  son 
executors.  Witnesses:  Wm  Davy,  Wm  Gregory,  Richd 
Clowgh.  For  disposing  my  land  in  county  Kent  and  else- 
where. Lands  called  Nicholls  in  Chartham,  my  lands  in 
Otterden  and  lands  in  Romney  Marsh  shall  stand  according  to 
Indentures  made.  To  my  son  John  £15  yearly  out  of  houses 
in  Darrant.  To  said  son  John  also  my  houses  and  lands  in 
Yalding  and  to  his  heirs.  For  default  to  my  eldest  son  Sir 
Robert  and  heirs.         For  default  to  Edward  Filmer  my  second 


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160  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

son  and  heirs.  For  default  to  Reynold  my  fourth  son  and 
heirs.  For  default  to  Henry  my  fifth  son  and  heirs.  To  my 
son  Edward  after  my  wife's  decease  all  houses  and  lands 
in  Darrant.  For  default  to  Sir  Robert  my  eldest  son.  For 
default  to  John  my  third  son.  For  default  to  Reynold. 
For  default  to  Henry.  To  Henry  my  oth  son  and  heirs  af- 
ter my  wife 's  decease  tenement  and  land  in  Warren  Street  par- 
ish of  Lenham  and  one  in  parish  of  Charing.  For  default 
to  Sir  Robert.  For  default  to  Edward.  For  default 
to  John.  For  default  to  Reynold.  To  my  wife  Dame 
Elizabeth  for  life  all  my  houses  and  lands  in  Darrant,  Lenham, 
Charing  and  Sutton  Valence,  one  tenement  in  parish  of  Borden. 
After  her  decease  the  lands  in  Sutton  Valence  shall  be  sold  by 
Sir  Robert  if  need  be.  If  not  needed  lands  to  Sir  Robert 
and  heirs.  Witnesses:  Wm.  Gregory,  Wm.  Davy,  Richd 
Clough.        Ridley,  110. 

[Robert  Filmer,  whose  will  was  proved  in  1629,  was  a  brother  of  Sir 
Edward  Filmer,  whose  will  (also  proved  in  1629)  follows.  Sir  Edward 
was  the  father  of  Henry  Filmer,  who  emigrated  to  Virginia.  See  this 
Magazine,  XV,  181,  182;  XXI,  153,  154.  Edward  Filmer,  grocer,  was  no 
doubt  a  descendant  of  some  younger  son  of  the  family.  These  wills  add 
considerably  to  the  pedigree  in  Berry.] 

Edward  Fillmer  of  Cittingbome,  county  Kent,  grocer 
Will  3  March  1646  (-7);  proved  1st  July  1653.  I  give  unto 
the  poor  of  the  parish  40s.,  to  be  distributed  among  them  at 
the  discretion  of  the  churchwardens.  To  my  cousin  Thomas 
Fillmer,  son  of  my  brother  Robert  Fillmer,  in  recompense  of 
the  title  which  the  said  Thomas  hath,  or  henceafter  may  claim, 
in  certain  land  in  Ottenden,  county  Kent,  now  in  my  occupa- 
tion, £60  at  his  age  of  21,  provided  he  then  release  aU  such 
right  or  title  to  my  daughter  Elizabeth  Fillmer.  To  my 
cousin  Jane  Fillmer,  daughter  to  my  said  brother  Robert  £5 
at  21.  To  my  cousins  John  and  Anne  Fillmer,  son  and 
daugliter  of  my  brother  WilHam  Fillmer,  £20  apiece  at  21.  To 
my  brothers  Henry  and  William  Fillmer,  20s.  apiece  to  buy 
them  rings.  To  my  apprentice  Thomas  Leshington,  all  the 
wares  in  my  shop  and  warehouse,  and  all  debts  due  unto  me 
by  my  books,  on  condition  he  discharge  all  such  debts  as  I 
shall  owe  at  the  time  of  my  decease  in  the  city  of  London. 


3A  n 


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VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  161 

To  my  friend  William  Allen  of  Cittingbome,  gent.,  £5.  I 
\vill  thai  the  said  Thomas  Lessington  shall  during  the  term  of 
his  life  enjoy  my  shop,  with  the  workhouse  and  warehouse, 
and  one  half  part  of  my  dwelling  house  with  the  half  of  the 
backside  thereunto  belonging,  with  the  garden  called  the  White 
Heart  garden,  which  is  in  my  occupation,  and  also  the  house 
and  garden  that  Roger  Pannell  now  dwelleth  in  in  Cittingborne 
aforesaid,  on  condition  he  pay  to  my  daughter  for  rent  of  the 
premises  £20  a  year.  My  wife  Eleanor  shall,  during  her 
life,  hold  the  other  part  of  my  said  dwelling-house  rent  free; 
and  if  she  be  not  minded  to  continue  her  dwelling  there,  the 
said  Thomas  Leshington  shall  have  the  whole  of  the  said  house, 
paying  yearly  to  my  wife  for  her  half  part  £4.  I  give  to  my 
wife  all  the  bed,  bedding  and  furniture  belonging  to  it,  which 
is  in  my  best  chamber;  also  (in  lieu  of  her  dower  in  all  my  free- 
hold lands,)  an  annuity,  of  £20.  I  bequeath  all  my  free- 
hold lands  and  tenements  where  soever  to  my  daughter  Eliza- 
beth Filhner  and  her  heirs;  for  default  of  issue  to  her,  I  give 
the  house  and  land  where  Roger  Pannell  dwelleth  to  the  said 
Thomas  Leshington,  and  my  said  cousins  Thomas  and  John 
Fillmer  in  bail  successively,  and  for  the  rest,  in  case  of  my  said 
daughter  dying  without  issue,  I  give  them  to  the  said  Thomas 
and  John.  All  the  residue  of  my  goods  I  give  to  my  daugh- 
ter; and  I  make  the  said  William  Allen  and  Thomas  Leshington 
my  executors,  earnestly  entreating  them  to  be  careful  of  my 
daughter.  (signed)  Edward  Fillmer.  Witnesses:  John 
Wheately,  scr.,  Willm  Goddard.  My  will  is  that  my  execu- 
cutors  sliall  deliver  my  estate  to  my  daughter  at  her  age  of  2L 
7  February  1G51  (-2)  I,  the  said  Edward  Fillmer,  of  Sitting- 
borne,  mercer,  will  that  my  fonner  will  and  testament  shall 
stand  in  fu]l  force,  except  that  whereas  I  appointed  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Allen  one  of  my  executors,  my  mind  now  is  that  the  said 
William  Allen  shall  not  any  ways  intenneddle  therein,  but  that 
the  other  executor  by  me  named  shall  by  my  sole  executor; 
and  I  give  to  the  said  William  Allen  10s.  To  my  brother 
William  I'illmer,  an  annuity  of  £5.  My  mind  is  that  my 
faithful  servant  Thomas  Lushington  shall  have  my  cherry 
garden  commonly  called  Butts  garden  in  Sittingbome,  until 


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Jrall  ire    ^r  ,-:'m!' 


162  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

my  daughter  Elizabeth  accomplish  her  age  of  19  years,  and  for 
a  term  of  20  years  after,  if  he  will,  at  a  rent  of  £20,  payable 
half  to  my  wife  Ellen,  half  to  my  daughter.  And  my  wife, 
and  daughter  shall  yearly  have  delivered  to  them  3  bushels 
of  cherries  of  the  choicest  of  the  fruit,  and  shall  have  free 
liberty  with  their  friends  to  walk  in  the  said  ground,  and  take 
and  eat  of  the  fruit  upon  the  trees  there  growing  at  their  will 
and  pleasures.  I  devise  to  my  daughter  my  messuage  or 
inn  called  The  Adam  and  Eve  in  Sittingbome,  immediately 
after  she  accomplishes  her  age  of  19.  (signed)  Edward 
Filhner.  Witnesses:  John  Hurlstone  his  mark;  Wilkn. 
Bowell.  Proved  by  Thomas  Lesington  the  executor  named. 
Brent,    216. 


■=  ->. 


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VIRGINIA  IN  1678.  ■      163 


VIRGINIA  IN  1678-1679. 


(Abstracts  by  W.  N.  Sainsbury,  and  copies  in  the  McDonald 
and  De  Jamette  Papers,  Virginia  State  Library.) 
■'■  (Continued)      '    ' 


^'''     '"  .    '   '"■ '  Whitehall,  Dec.  17,  1678 

The  King  to  Thos.  Lord  Culpeper.  Governor  Herbert 
Jeffreys,  Lieut.  Governor  and  the  Council  of  Virginia.  To 
permit  and  suffer  Ralph  Williamson  or  his  assigns  to  land 
and  dispose  of  fifty-two  convicted  persons  of  Scotland,  sen- 
tenced to  be  banished,  and  transported  to  our  English  Plan- 
tations and  such  others  as  shall  be  convicted  in  Scotland  and 
sentenced  to  be  transported  and  delivered  into  Williamson's 
custody,  without  any  hindrance  or  molestation,  any  law,  or- 
der or  custom  of  Virginia  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 
(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  95.     p.  166.)       .     ,       ■„    ,..,,.     , 


Whitehall,  Dec.  20,  1678 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
In  reference  to  a  report  to  be  presented  to  his  Majesty  upon  the 
several  heads  of  Lord  Culpeper 's  paper  about  the  establish- 
ment in  Virginia  "it  being  a  Colony  of  greater  extent  (than 
Jamaica)  and  of  more  advantage  in  point  of  the  customs  and 
yearly  revenue  to  the  Crown;"  the  Quitrents  of  Virginia;  the 
settlement  of  Towns  upon  each  great  River;  the  laws  agreed  to 
be  immediately  transmitted  to  Virginia;  the  payment  of  sol- 
diers; the  patents  granted  to  Lords  Arlington  &  Culpeper  an  I 
the  departure  of  ships  from  Virginia.     3  pp.  'n': 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.     pp.  283-285.)  ::iu.  ,     ■ 


Whitehall,   Dec.   20,    1678 
Order  of  the  King  in  Council  for  the  Earl  of  Danby  Lord 
High  Treasurer  of  England  forthwith  to  take  care  that  an  es- 
tablishment be  made  for  the  Lord  Culpeper  and  others  employ- 


A/Tt.'- 


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164  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

ed  in  the  Gov*  of  Virginia  as  also  for  the  two  foot  Companies 
in  the  like  manner  and  proportion  as  is  already    setled    for 
Jamaica  and  that  his  Lordship  do  provide  a  fund  for  the  same. 
(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.     p.   263.) 


Whitehall,  Dec.  21,  1678 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
That  Lord  Culpeper  propose  to  the  Committee  such  heads  as 
he  shall  think  fit  to  be  inserted  in  his  Commission  and  Instruc- 
tions. And  that  in  the  meantime  a  draught  of  such  Commis- 
sion and  Instructions  be  prepared  for  their  Lordships  view 
and  the  Commission  and  Instructions  formerly  given  to  the 
Governors  of  Virginia  as  also  those  to  the  Earl  of  Carlisle  be 
made  use  of  as  far  as  it  is  proper  herein. 
(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105,  p.  286-287.) 


Petition  of  Lieutenant  Edward  Rous  to  the  King. 
Has  long  and  faithfully  served  his  Majesty  and  particularly 
in  Virginia  where  during  the  sickness  of  the  late  Colonel  Jef- 
freys (died  Dec.  1678)  and  the  disability  of  Sir  William  Berke- 
ley, he  had  the  chief  care  of  the  forces  sent  thither — but  on  his 
return  another  was  made  (contrary  to  the  usual  practise) 
Captain  of  the  Company  whereof  he  was  Lieutenant.  The 
Captain  of  his  present  Company  being  dangerously  ill,  prays 
for  the  command  as  soon  as  it  shall  become  void. 

(Colonial  Papers,   1  p.) 


1678. 

Petition  of  Edward  Rous  to  the  King.  Has  served 
ten  years  as  Ensign  in  His  Maj.  own  regiment  of  foot  guards 
and  being  amongst  other  Officers  comjnanded  to  Virginia 
to  suppress  the  insurrection  of  Bacon,  the  greatest  trouble  of 
that  business  devolved  upon  him  thro'  the  continual  indis- 
disposition  of  Col.  Jeffreys.  Since  his  return  a  Captain's 
place  in  said  Regiment  has  been  given  from  him,  prays  for  the 
company  whereof  Captain  Langley  was  late  Captain. 


Whitehall,  Jan.  24,  1678-9 
Minutes  of  a   Committee   of   Trade  and  Plantations. 


.aVtlSKOAM 


.MtH     SflT     OT 


if '."'•*■      Ki'.ll       .T'i 


.8731 


VIRGINIA  IN   1678.  165 

in  reference  to  an  examination  (continued  from  18  Dec.  1677) 
of  the  Grievances  presented  to  his  Maj.  late  Commiss"  by 
the  people  of  Virginia;  report  agreed  to  be  presented  to  his 
Maj.  thereon.  Draught  of  Commission  for  Lord  Culpeper 
to  be  Governor  of  Virginia  read;  several  amendments  agreed 
upon;  five  to  be  a  quorum  of  Councillors  instead  of  three, 
unless  upon  extraordinary  occasions. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.     pp.  192-194.) 


Whitehall,  Feb.  6,  1678-9 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
The  first  personal  Grievance  of  Virginia,  proved  by  oath  before 
his  Maj.  late  Comm"  is  read,  also  letter  from  said  Comm''* 
to  Sir  W.  Berkeley  protesting  against  the  illegal  seizures  made 
by  him;  their  Lordships  think  fit  to  report  the  injustice  of  the 
seizure  of  the  goods  belonging  to  the  petif  Alex.  Walker  & 
that  restitution  be  made  by  Berkeley's  executors  if  the  same 
were  seized  after  16  Jan.  1676-7  on  the  surrender  of  West  Point 
which  put  an  end  to  the  Rebellion.  Draught  of  Instructions 
to  be  delivered  to  Lord  Culpeper  who  is  to  attend  on  Monday 
next  with  his  Proposals.  The  latter  part  of  his  Lordship's 
paper  presented  14  Dec.  last  is  considered  in  reference  to  the 
impost  of  tobacco,  presents  for  the  Indian  Princes,  a  mace* 
&  sword  for  Virginia  &  furniture  for  a  chapjjel,  furniture  for 
200  Dragoons  &  50  horse  with  tents,  an  Auditor  and  writs  to  be 
issued  in  the  King's  name.  On  reading  Order  in  Council  of  30 
Oct.  last  (which  see)  their  Lordships  looking  upon  this  Declar- 
ation to  be  seditious  &  even  tending  to  Rebellion  think  fit  that 

(*)  The  mace  seems  not  to  have  been  sent  at  this  time;  but  on  Dec. 
7,  1700,  Governor  Nicholson  presented  the  House  of  Burgesses  with  a 
mace,  and  John  Chiles  was  appointed  messenger  and  mace  bearer. 
The  mace  was  doubtless  used  from  the  beginning  as  it  is  in  the  English 
House  of  Commons;  but  there  are  no  entries  in  the  journals  of  the  Bur- 
gess as  to  this  use  until  Feb.  1,  1727,  when  the  house  was  organized  and  a 
speaker  chosen.  Then  "the  mace  was  brought  in  and  laid  under  the 
table."  When  the  Governor  had  confirmed  the  choice  the  mace  was 
no  doubt  placed  on  the  table,  though  there  is  no  entry  in  regard  to  this. 
On  August  IG,  1736,  Sir  John  Randolph  was  elected  Speaker  *and  with  the 
members  went  to  the  Governor  for  his  confirmation.  When  tliey  re- 
turned to  their  chamber  "the  mace  was  laid  on  the  table."  The  mace 
continued  in  use  until  the  Revolution,  and  an  account  of  how  it  was  dis- 
posed of  by  the  fanatical  legislators  of  that  day  and  its  later  history  can 
be  found  in  this  Mi'.ga>;ine  XIX,  3()-')-o0ii. 


ddX 


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166  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   .MAGAZINE. 

Lord  Culpeper  at  his  arrival  in  Virginia  do  signify  his  Maj. 
high  resentment  thereof  &  inquire,  with  the  assistance  of  the 
Council  who  were  the  authors  &  abettors  of  this  presumption. 
3  pp. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.     pp.  298-301.) 


Whitehall,  Feb.  10,  1678-9. 

Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
On  Order  of  Council  of  20  July  last  (which  see)  on  petition  of 
Morris,  Pryn  &  Conset;  that  his  Maj.  grant  them  double  the 
sum  expended  by  them  in  extraordinary  charges  &  their  names 
lodged  in  the  Admiralty  as  deserving  persons  to  serve  his  Maj. 
Answer  of  Sir  John  Berry  &  Col.  Moryson  concerning  the 
present  Council  j  in  Virginia  read.  Names  of  persons  to  be  pro- 
posed as  fit  to  sei"ve  his  Maj.  in  that  tru^.  Of  Col.  Francis 
Willis  &  Col.  Jos.  Bridger  their  Lord?'*  will  make  further  in- 
quir)^  concerning  their  ability  and  deserts.  Col.  Ballard,  Col. 
Philip  Ludwell  and  Col.  Bray  to  be  excluded  out  of  the  Coun- 
cil; Major  Robt.  Beverley  Sc  Col.  Edward  Hill  "of  evil  fame  & 
behaviour "  to  be  put  out  of  all  employment  &  declared  unfit 
to  serve  his  ]\'Iaj.  Consideration  of  Grievances  from  several 
Counties;  also  of  petition  of  Elizabeth  Dudley,  her  tobacco  or 
the  value  thereof  forced  from  pef  by  Sir  Wm.  Berkeley  for  her 
husband's  pardon,  to  be  restored  to  her.  Agreed  that  all  in- 
juries committed  since  16  Jan^'.  1676-7  be  redressed  &  for  those 
complaints  of  injuries  done  by  Sir  Wm.  Berkeley  or  his  order 
during  the  Rebellion  unto  such  as  continued  loyal,  their  Lord- 
ships will  take  them  into  consideration  as  they  shall  offer ;  &  will 
recommend  the  case  of  Wm.  Carver  for  restitution  of  his  estate 
unto  Lord  Culpeper.     3  pp. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.   105.     pp.  304-7.) 

(t)  Biographical  sketches  of  all  these  Councellors  have  been  pub- 
lished in  former  volumes  of  this  magazine. 


.SV(lSA.OAI<: 


evi' 


-XTf 


(.T'H>i; 


i'  vu^i.    VIRGINIA   IN   1677.  167 

Council  Chamber,  Feb.  10,  1678-9 
Draft  of  Report  from  (the  Lords  of  Trade  and  Plan- 
tations) to  the  King.  On  petition  of  Elizabeth  Dudley  relict 
of  Wm.  Dudley,  senior,  late  of  Middlesex  County,  Virginia, 
complaining  of  the  seizure  of  Sir  Wm.  Berkeley  of  fifteen  hogs- 
heads of  tobacco  for  the  Governor's  clemency  to  her  deceased 
husband  in  giving  him  his  pardon.  That  such  seizure  was  in 
dervgation  of  his  Maj.  pardon,  signified  by  Proclamation  of 
20  Oct.  1676  and  therefore  restitution  sh*^  be  made  of  the  said 
tobacco  by  the  executors  of  said  Berkeley  so  that  petitioner  be 
not  deprived  of  the  full  benefit  of  his  Maj.  pardon. 

Draft  unsigned,  full  of  con-ections.  , m     . 

(Colonial   Papers.     3   pp.)  ■, 

(To  be  Continued) 


TM 


\S 


168  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


THE  VIRGINIA  FRONTIER  IN  HISTORY— 1778 

,r  ,,  By  David  I.  Bushnell,  Jr.     •■    , 

V.     The    Treaty    of    Fort    Pitt. 

On  September  10,  1778,  Col.  Daniel  Brodhead  with  the 
Eighth  Pennsylvania  regiment  reached  Fort  Pitt.  The  Vir- 
ginia Commissioners,  Andrew  and  Thomas  Lewis,  and  the  three 
Delaware  chiefs,  White  Eyes,  Captain  Pipe,  and  John  Killbuck, 
were  awaiting  the  arrival  of  the  troops,  and  two  days  later, 
Sei:)tember  12,  met  in  council.  The  fort  had,  ever  since  the 
winter  of  1753,  been  the  most  important  of  the  frontier  posts. 
Erected  by  the  French,  though  begun  by  the  Virginians,  it  was 
named  DuQuesne  after  the  Governor  of  New  France.  Before 
the  close  of  the  French  and  Indian  war  it  had  been  taken  by  the 
British,  '^'hen  its  name  was  changed,  later  it  was  occupied  by 
troops  of  the  United  States.  Here,  within  the  inclosure  of  the 
historic  post,  gathered  the  commissioners  of  the  newly  formed 
government,  and  the  Chiefs  of  the  Delawares  from  beyond  the 
Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of  formulating  a  treaty  of  peace  and  friend- 
ship. 

Preserved  among  the  miscellaneous  papers  of  the  Continental 
Congress,  in  the  Library  of  Congress,  is  a  document  of  the 
greatest  interest:  an  account  of  the  conferences  which  resulted 
in  the  making  and  signing  of  the  treaty  on  September  17.  The 
document  is  here  given  in  full: 

Fort  Pitt,  Sept.  12th.  1778. 
In  Council  present 

The  Honourable  Andrew  Lewis  Esqrs  Commissioners 

and  the  United  States 

Thomas  Lewis 

White  Eyes 

Pipe  Chiefs  of  the  Delawares 

John  Killbuck 


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VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  '■''.?•'■•         {QQ 

The  Honourable  Brigadier  General  Macintosh,  Coins.  Brod- 
head,  (jibson,  Bayard,  Crambray;  Majors  Macintosh,  Vernon, 
Amberson,  Honoured  the  Council  with  their  prcsence(l). 

l-Referring  briefly  to  the  commissioners,  and  others  mentioned,  in 
this  document.  Thomas  and  Andrew  Lewis  of  Virginia,  (see  notes  13 
and  11  of  the  preceding  article  of  this  series). 

White  Eyes,  or  Koquethagechton  was  a  friend  of  the  whites,  and  did 
much  to  encourage  the  Moravians  in  their  work  among  his  people.  In 
the  spring  of  1778  he  was  presented  a  silver  medal  "in  the  name  of  Con- 
gress."    He  died  of  smallpox  at  Fort  Pitt  in  November  1778. 

Pipe,  or  Hopocan  ('tobacco  pipe')  was  an  hereditary  chief  of  the  Wolf 
division  of  the  Delawares,  and  was  war  chief  of  the  tribe.  At  the  close 
of  the  French  and  Indian  war  he  settled  with  his  people  on  the  upper 
reaches  of  the  Muskingum  river,  in  the  present  state  of  Ohio.  He  was 
ever  influential  among  his  people,  and  never  firm  in  his  friendship  for  the 
whites. 

Killbuck,  or  Celelemend  ('leader'),  was  born  about  1722,  and  on  the 
death  of  White  Eyes  was  chosen  acting  chief  to  serve  during  the  minority 
of  the  heredity  head  of  the  Turtle,  or  Unami  division  of  the  tribe.  He 
showed  great  friendship  for  the  whites  and  joined  the  Moravian  settle- 
ment, being  baptized  William  Henry.     He  died  in  January,  1811. 

Gen.  Lachlan  Maclntosli  (see  note  3  in  the  second  article  of  this  series, 
July  1915). 

Col.  Daniel  Brodhead,  was  appointed  in  command  of  the  Eighth  Penn- 
sylvania regiment  March  12,  1777.  On  October  27,  1779,  he  was  voted  the 
thanks  of  Congress  "for  executing  (under  direction  of  General  Washing- 
ton) the  important  expedition  against  the  Mingo  and  Munsey  Indians, 
and  the  part  of  the  Senecas  on  the  Allegheny  River."  Died  November 
15,  1809. 

John  Gibson,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Thirteenth  Virginia  regiment  Nov- 
ember 12,  1776;  Colonel  Sixth  Virginia  regiment  October  25,  1777.  Trans- 
ferred to  the  Ninth  Virginia  September  14,  177S,  and  to  the  Seventh  Vir- 
ginia February  12,  1781.     Retired  January  1,  1783.     Died  April  10,  1822. 

Stephen  Bayard,  appointed  Major  in  Eighth  Pennsylvania  regiment 
March  12,  1777.  Wounded  at  Brandywine,  September  11,  1777,  and 
transferred  to  the  Third  Pennsylvania  January  1,  1783.  Died  September 
13,  1S15. 

Chevalier  du  Crambray,  arrived  in  America  with  de  Carmichael  during 
the  month  of  June  1778.  Later  he  was  commander  of  the  artillery  in  the 
Department  of  the  West.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  appointed 
Major  in  the  provincial  troops. 

Lachlan  Macintosh,  Jr.,  son  of  Gen.  Macintosh,  was  appointed  first 
Lieutenant  in  the  First  Georgia  regiment  January  7,  1776.  October  of 
the  same  year  he  was  made  Brigade-Inspector. 

Frederick  Vernon,  appointed  Major  in  Eighth  Pennsylvania  regiment 
June  7,  1777,  and  was  transferred  to  the  Fourth  Pennsylvania  January 
17,  1871. 

William  Amberson,  of  the  Eighth  Pennsylvania  regiment,  was  wounded 
at  Brandywine,  September  11,  1777.  He  served  as  aid-de-camp  to  Gen- 
eral Lafayette  in  1778  and  1779. 


joacne^oy   :»•-.> j  iij  no  i'iioiHi9t  .mi  vj 


170  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  Commissioners  addressed  the  Chiefs  as  follows: 

Brothers. 

The  Chief  and  Wise  men  of  the  Delaware  Nation. 

The  Wise  men  of  the  United  States  have  sent  us  to  offer  you 
their  friendship.  You  are  a  Wise  people,  Listen  to  what  we 
have  to  say  to  you,  and  that  it  may  sink  deep  into  your  hearts, 
and  that  you  may  do  so  with  more  attention,  we  present  you 
with  this  String. 

■    A  String  of  White  Wampum(2). 

Brothers. 

You  know  as  well  as  we,  that  many  Treaties  that  have  been 
held  at  this  and  at  many  other  places,  with  the  Six  Nations, 
and  Western  Indians  in  order  to  engage  their  friendship  and 
peaceable  Conduct.  These  Treaties,  however  Solemnly  En- 
tered into,  were  no  sooner  Concluded,  but  the  Indians  or  some 
of  them  Began  to  Break  the  peace  by  Stealing  from  and  Rob- 
bing our  people.  Killing  our  Women  and  Children  and  Com- 
mitting other  Outrageous  Acts  against  the  faith  of  the  said 
Stipulations.  You  alone  of  all  the  Western  Indian^(3)  seem 
incHned  to  hold  fast  the  Chain  of  friendship  and  even  in  this 
instance  it  has  Contracted  some  Rust,  of  a  very  Dangerous 
Nature.  The  paths  between  us  are  grown  up  with  Bushes,  so 
that  they  can  scarce  be  seen.  They  are  Bloody,  your  and  our 
peoples  Bones  are  scattered  thro'  the  Woods,  our  people  Stum- 
ble over  them.     Black   Heavy  Clouds  hang  over  our  heads. 

•2-True  Wampum  (the  abbreviated  form  of  the  New  England  Algon- 
quian  term  7vam pumpeak), ' v^as  made  for  the  most  part  from  the  shells 
of  the  Venus  mercenaria.  The  beads  made  of  this  shell  were  of  two 
colors,  white  and  purple,  the  latter  often  shading  from  violet  to  almost 
black.  The  beads  were  cylindrical  in  form,  averaging  about  J  inch  in 
diameter  and  3/^  inch  in  length.  These  were  formed  into  bands  resemb- 
ling belts,  often  with  ligures  represented  in  the  contrasting  color;  again 
they  were  strung  on  a  single  cord.  When  used  ceremonially  white  ex- 
pressed peace,  friendship,  and  the  like,  while  the  dark  beads  signified 
war,  hatred,  or  sorrow.  The  most  famous  of  all  Wampum  belts  is  that 
which  was  presented  by  the  Delawares  to  William  Penn  in  1082.  It  is 
interesting  to  see  how  important  was  wampum  in  the  treaty  with  the 
same  people  nearly  a  century  later.  (For  an  account  of  Wampum  see  the 
article  in  Handbook  of  American  Indians,  Bulletin  30,  Bureau  of  American 
Ethnology.) 

3-The  term  Western  Indians  was  used  in  referring  to  those  who  lived 
b    ond  the  Ohio. 


.11, . 


TUr 


>!  jT  Iti   ho^M  s-JiV/  K 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  171 

Under  these  unhappy  Circumstances  we  Bid  you  Welcome  to 
this  Council  fire;  and  to  Convince  you  on  our  parts  how  de- 
sirous we  are  of  Removing  these  from  you  and  transferring  to 
your  and  our  Enemies,  We  present  you  with  this  Belt  of  Wam- 
pimi,  by  which  we  open  the  path  between  us,  once  more,  and 
wash  away  the  Blood  that  has  been  Spilt  on  it,  we  Bury  the 
scattered  Bones  of  our  Deceased  Relations,  and  Dispel  the  Black 
Clovids,  and  wipe  the  tears  from  your  Eyes,  we  remove  all  sor- 
row from  your  hearts,  that  joy  and  the  Bright  Sun  of  friendship 
may  shine  on  you  with  greater  Lustre  than  ever. 

A  Road  Belt  of  White  Wampum,  with  a  Road  and  the 
Thirteen    United    States    and    Delaware    Nation,    De- 
cyphered  on  each  side  with  Black  Wampum.  '    ' 
Brothers. 

We  told  you  before  that  the  United  States  has  sent  us  to  you 
to  Offer  you  their  friendship,  if  you  accept  the  offer,  they  will 
Consider  you  as  their  own  people;  they  will  give  you  hold  of 
that  Bright  and  Extensive  Chain  that  Unites  them  to  the  Great 
and  Powerful  King  of  France,  by  whose  friendship  and  assist- 
ance we  hope  in  a  little  time  to  trample  all  our  Enemies  uiider 
our  feet.  In  Entering  into  Engagements  with  the  United 
States  nothing  will  be  Required  of  you  but  what  will  be  for 
mutual  Good  and  Happiness,  on  sucli  principles  that  if  faith- 
fully adliered  to,  will  secure  our  future  peace  whilst  the  Sun  or 
the  Earth  endures.  Influertced  by  such  Motives  that  the  United 
States  stretch  out  their  hands  to  you — Consider  well  the  offer. 
It  is  of  great  Importance,  not  only  to  yourselves.  But  to  your 
Children  and  Grand  Children.  Take  time  and  give  your 
Answer  like  wise  men.  We  have  laid  our  hearts  open  to  you 
without  Reserve.  We  expect  you  will  Act  with  the  like  Can- 
dour and  openess  of  hearts  and  that  you  may  do  so,  we  present 
you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

A  Belt  of  White  Wampum  with  the  Thirteen  United 
States  and  the  Delaware  Nation  lying  hold  of  the  same 
with  their  hands  Decyphered  in  Black  Wampum. 
Brothers. 


ITI 


•Hhj  t    ->'!  ;    I'lii:     jfiuJ    'j:it:V 


) 


ifo- 


1 
I 

"It  1  > 


Tr*"*  tnf 


1 


l/o;<.:  ;   > 


1 1       h;) 


.f>?  r.j>  '/•iim 


">'^ 


172  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

You  may  Remember  that  in  our  letters  sent  to  your  Tovvns(-lj 
(which  we  presume  was  the  means  of  the  pleasure  we  now  have 
in  Conversing  and  Consulting  with  you)  we  told  you  that  we 
were  Extremely  anxious  to  have  such  an  Opportunity  in  order 
to  Establish  a  Mode  in  the  prosecution  of  the  present  Expedi- 
tion against  our  Common  Enemy,  as  would  prove  the  more 
Effectual  in  securing  and  protecting  our  wise  and  good  friends 
amongst  you,  from  the  hostile  Attempts  of  those  who  wish  the 
Destruction  of  you  as  well  as  us.  You  cannot  forget  the  many 
threats  that  have  been  thrown  out  against  you.  We  are  happy 
in  the  present  prospect  we  have  not  only  of  Checking,  But 
Chastising  our  heartless  Enemies.  In  order  to  Effect  this 
Valuable  purpose,  evidently  Calculated  for  your  immediate 
protection,  Genl.  Mcintosh,  who  has  the  Interest  and  good  of 
your  Nation  much  at  heart,  Cannot  Reach  your  and  our  Enemy, 
otherwise  than  by  marching  his  Army  thro'  your  Country,  to 
which  (when  we  consider  you  as  our  friends  and  Allies  we  pre- 
sume you  can  have  no  Objection,  But  on  the  Contrary  that 
you  will  give  him  the  most  evident  proofs  of  your  great  attach- 
ment to  our  Mutual  Interest  and  that  he  will  not  have  it  to  say 
that  he  and  his  men  stood  in  the  Gap  of  Danger,  covering  your 
heads  without  some  of  you  Being  Witnesses  of  his  Exertions 
in  Establishing  peace  and  tranquility  in  this  seat  of  Tyranny, 
Murder  and  Rapine(5).  We  Beg  you  take  under  your  most 
serious  Consideration  this  very  important  matter,  and  that 
you  will  in  a  friendly,  open,  and  Candid  manner,  without  the 
least  Tincture  of  Artifice  or  Disguise  give  us  your  Sentiments 
and  that  as  soon  as  you  can  make  it  Convenient. 
A  Belt  of  White  Wampimi. 

Capt.  White  Eyes,  Rose  up  and  made  the  following  Answer. 

Brothers. 

I  am  greatly  Rejoiced  to  hear  what  you  have  now  told  the 
few  of  your  Brethren  which  you  now  see  come  for  that  purpose. 

4-George  Clymer  wrote  from  Fort  Pitt  March  7,  1778,  and  said  in  part: 
"I  shall  of  my  own  Authority  send  off  a  Messenger  to  the  Delawares 
tomorrow,  to  make  known  to  them  the  friendly  disposition  of  Congre.ss, 
to  comnnmicate  the  prosperous  Situation  of  our  Affairs,  and  to  invite 
their  principal  Men  to  Fort  Pitt  *  *  *."  (Sec  the  preceding  section  of 
this  series.) 

5-This  refers  to  the  British  Post  at  Detroit. 


,([  uox  ^0 


2L'I.»  ri 


ntHVM!.  )\i\t'ii  -iliciy  'a\j 


•>i 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  I73 

You  may  Depend  on  it  we  shall  Consider  well  what  you  have 
said  to  us  and  return  you  an  [answer]  this  Afternoon,  as  we  see 
you  are  desirous  of  proceeding  on  the  Intended  Expedition 
which  we  hope  will  be  the  means  of  our  living  in  peace. 

■'       ,        .  , 

Sept.  13th.  .,         „     . 

In  Council. 

Capt.  White  Eyes  infonned  the  Commissioners  that  the 
Arrival  of  Nimwha,  a  Shawnese  Chief(G),  Capt.  Wingeund(7) 
and  some  other  Delawares,  had  prevented  them  from  attending 
yesterday  Agreeable  to  promise,  But  that  they  were  now 
Ready,  he  then  addressed  the  Commissioners  in  the  followint^ 
Words:  ^ 

Brothers. 

We  are  greatly  Rejoiced  to  hear  the  many  good  things  you 
have  said  to  us;  we  return  you  our  hearty  thanl.-s  that  you  have 
Renewed  and  Strengthened  the  Chain  of  Friendship  which  our 
Wise  Forefathers  made.  We  also  return  you  our  thanlvs  that 
you  have  taken  pity  on  us  and  have  wiped  the  Tears  from  our 
Eyes,  that  you  have  set  our  hearts  at  Ease,  After  having  in  a 
Brotherly  manner  Buried  the  Bones  of  our  Deceased  Relations 
and  Removed  the  Cause  of  our  Grief.  Brothers,  you  desired 
us  to  consider  well  what  had  been  said  to  us.  We  now  inform 
you  we  have  done  so,  as  far  as  we  are  Capable  of  judging.  But 
as  you  are  wiser,  we  hope  you  will  Consider  well  for  us.  By  so 
doing  it  v.-iU  be  for  the  Advantage  of  us  Both. 

A  Belt  of  White  Wampum. 
Brothers. 

It  is  Customary,  when  Brethren  who  Consult  the  Mutual 
Interests  of  their  young  men,  their  Women  and  Children  do 
undertake  anything,  that  Both  should  join  in  the  work.     Yes- 

6-The  name  of  Nimwha  does  not  appear  on  any  treaty,  nor  can  it  be 
Srown-by'^anSES'am^^^  '^^"  '  "^^^  ''  ""^°^^^"^^  ^"^  --  P^^ably 

J^^^.^b  Wingenund,  a  War  Chief  of  the  Delawares,  signed  the  treaty 
of  Fort  Mcintosh,  January  21,  1785,  as  VVingemmi.  His  name  was  also 
attached  to  the  treaty  of  Fort  Harmar.  Jam.fry  9.  17,S<),  wEen  it  appetrs 
as  Wingenoud  He  was  a  fnend  of  Col.  Crawford,  and  when  this  officer 
was  abou  to  be  burned  at  the  stake  he  called  fur  the  chief,  but  the  latter 
was  unable  to  obtam  his  release. 


Y;-ic.u  :i-    '■: 


Tl 


lUO  J- 


ftrr<  i.'-i  vnxi  sW     .8U  oi  b'^&^  ivx^i  fxarl  Jijriw  II-iw  wbieno')  ot  au 

•  i, 


174  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  |'    ' 

terday  you  informed  us  You  intended  to  Clear  the  path  Be- 
tween us  and  you.  We  now  inform  you  that  we  join  you  most 
heartily  in  the  work  and  nothing  shall  be  wanting  on  our  parts. 
But  should  our  young  men  fail  in  their  Attempts  we  desire  you 
not  to  Blame  us.  We  have  not  Concealed  any  thing  from  you. 
The  Bad  people  who  have  stopped  the  path  Between  us  shall  see 
us  Both  hand  in  hand  Repairing  it. 

A  Belt  of  Wliite  Wampum,  with  a  Road 
Dccyphcred  in  it  with  Black  Wampum. 

Brothers. 

Yesterday  you  desired  us  to  take  fast  hold  and  join  in  the 
Chain  of  Friendship,  which  you  informed  us  was  Strengthened 
by  the  King  of  France  having  joined  it.  Brothers  we  now 
inform  lyou]  that  we  and  our  Grand  Children,  the  Sha\\Tiese(8) 
of  the  Maquegea  tribe  who  are  Settled  with  us  and  Become  the 
same  people,  have  taken  fast  hold  of  it,  and  are  determined 
never  to  part  the  hold,  tho'  we  should  loose  our  Lives.  We 
hope  while  we  keep  fast  hold  of  it,  our  Young  Men,  our  Women 
and  Children,  will  be  happy.  We  have  now  spoke  the  Senti- 
ments of  our  hearts,  without  Deceit. 

A  Belt  of  White  Wamjjvmi. 

The  Commissioners  then  informed  the  Chiefs  that  they 
would  Frame  the  Articles  of  Confederation,  and  as  soon  as  they 
were  Ready  they  would  Acquaint  them. 

Capt.  White  Eyes  then  Addressed  the  Commissioners. 

We  now  are  become  one  people,  the  Enemy  Indians  as  soon 

as  they  hear  it  will  strike  us,   we  desire  that  our   Brethren 

would  Build  some  place  for  our  Old  Men,  Women  and  Children 

to  Remain  in  Safety  whilst  our  Warriors  go  with  you. 

8-The  Delaware  referred  to  the  other  Algonquian  tribes  as  Grand- 
children, while  the  Delaware,  "By  virtue  of  admitted  priority  of  politi- 
cal rank  and  of  occupying  the  central  home  territory,  from  which  most 
of  the  cognate  tribes  had  diverged,  they  were  accorded  by  all  the  Algon- 
quian tribes  the  respectful  title  of  'grandfather,'  a  recognition  accorded 
by  courtesy  also  by  the  Huron.  The  Nanticoke,  Conoy,  Shawnee,  and 
Mahican  claimed  close  connection  with  the  Delawares  and  preserved 
the  tradition  of  a  common  origin."  (Handbook  of  American  Indians, 
Bulletin  30,  Bureau  of  American  Ethnology.)  "Maquegea  tribe"  refers 
to  one  of  the  five  general  divisions  of  the  Shawnee,  usually  designated 
Mequachake  ('red  earth.' — Hewitt).  Their  villages  stood  on  the  head- 
waters of  Mad  river,  in  the  present  Logan  county,  (^hio,  and  were  de- 
stroyed by  United  States  troops  in  1791. 


•Mil 


<irii»    ,'int»»> 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  ]75 

14th.  Sept.  .  ■       '. 

The  Coir.missioners  and  Chiefs  met,  when  the  Articles  of 
Confederation  and  Union  were  Read  and  Explained  to  them 
the  Commissioners  desired  them  to  Consider  them  ^^'ell  if  any 
thing  was  wanting  which  they  might  think  of,  they  xxonld  Add 
It  and  that  when  they  were  Ready  they  would  Return  an 
Answer. 

15th.  Sept. 

The  Badness  of  the  Weather  prevented  a  meeting. 

16th. 

The  Com.missioners  and  Chiefs  met  in  Council  when  Capt 
White  Eyes  addressed  the  Commissioners. 

Brothers. 

We  have  Considered  well  every  thing  mentioned  in  the  Con- 
federation, we  like  them  well  and  we  are  Ready  to  join  you  in 
every  thing  therein  mentioned.     We  now  inform  you  that  as 
many  of  our  Wamors  as  can  possibly  be  spared  shall  join  you 
and  go  with  you.     We  are  at  a  loss  to  express  our  thoughts 
But  we  hope  soon  to  Convince  you  by  our  acts  of  the  Sincerity 
of  our  hearts.     We  desire  you  not  to  think  any  of  our  people 
will  have  any  Objection  to  your  Marching  thro'  our  Country 
on  the  Contrary  they  will  Rejoice  to  see  )-ou.     We  are  well 
pleased  to  hear  that  part  which  Relates  to  our  foolish  young 
Men.  in  future  doing  any  Mischief  to  one  another.     We  heartily 
join  in  It.  and  shall  fully  Comply  with  it,  and  should  our  own 
bons  ofTcnd  we  shall  secure  them  to  be  Dealt  with  Agreeable 
to  the  Confederation.     We  now  desire  that  our  Young  Men 
may  be  made  Acquainted  with  one  another  and  that  there  may 
be  no  Distinction  between  them. 

A  String  of  White  Wampum. 
Brothers : 

You  desired  us  in  the  speech  which  you  made  to  us  yesterday 
that  If  we  could  think  of  any  thing  that  might  be  for  the  Advan- 
tage of  Both  of  us.  that  we  would  mention  it.  We  now  Re- 
quest that  our  Wise  Brethren  in  Congress  may  be  informed  that 
It  IS  our  particular  Request  that  Colo.  Jno.  Gibson  may  be 
Appointed  to  have  the  Charge  of  all  Matters  Between  you  and 
us.     We  esteem  him  as  one  of  ourselves,  he  has  always  acted 


IIW  > 


.m. 


zU  odT 


)  aril  rro 


i:  -jQ 


170  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

an  honest  part  by  us  and  we  are  Convinced  he  will  make  our 
Common  good  his  chief  vStudy,  and  not  tliink  only  how  he  may 
Get  Rich.  We  desire  also  that  he  may  have  the  Charge  and 
take  care  of  the  Warriors  of  our  people  who  may  join  you  on 
the  present  Expedition.  When  we  were  last  in  Philadelphia 
our  Wise  Brethren  in  Congress  ma}'-  Remember  we  desired  them 
to  send  Schoolmasters  to  our  Towns  to  instruct  our  Children 
as  we  think  it  will  be  for  our  Mutual  Interest,  we  Request  it 
may  be  Comjjlied  with. 

A  Belt  of  White  Wampum. 
17th. 

The  Commissioners  and  Chiefs  met  in  Council  when  the 
Articles  of  Confederation  and  Union  were  again  Read  and 
Interpreted,  when  they  were  then  Asked  if  they  approved  of 
them,  to  which  they  Returned  for  i\.nswer  they  did  and  were 
now  come  to  sign  them.  A  Triplicate  then  of  the  Articles  of 
Confederation  and  Union  was  signed  by  the  Commissioners 
and  the  Chiefs  in  presence  of  the  Subscribing  Evidences,  one  of 
which  copies  was  kept  by  the  Commissioners  to  be  sent  to  the 
Honble.  the  Congress,  another  given  to  the  Chiefs,  and  a  third 
given  to  Genl.  Mcintosh. 

The  Commissioners  then  informed  the  Chiefs  that  they  had 
a  present,  which  was  sent  by  the  Honble.  Congress  to  them  as  a 
Testimony  of  their  Regard  for  them(9)  which  they  should 
Deliver  the  next  Day  to  them. 

Brigadier  General  Macintosh  informed  the  Chiefs  that  as  the 
Articles  of  Confederation  and  Union  were  now  signed  by  the 
Commissioners  and  them  he  intended  to  Celebrate  the  Hajjpy 
Occassion  with  a  Feu  de  joye.  The  Troops  would  parade  for 
that  purpose  and  that  he  should  speak  to  them. 
12  O'clock  A.  M. 

The  Troops  prepared  on  the  Common  near  the  Fort  and  two 

Field  pieces  were  drawn  out  on  the  Occasion,  the  Genl.  and  the 

9-Congress  had,  on  June  4,  "Resolved  That  the  Committee  of  Com- 
merce be  directed  to  procure  goods,  and  such  other  articles  as  are  proper 
for  presents  to  the  western  Indian  nations,  to  the  amount  of  ten  thousand 
dollars,  and  transmit  the  same  to  Fort  Pitt,  to  the  commissioners,  who 
are  to  treat  with  the  Indians  there  on  the  23  day  of  July  next."  (See 
preceding  article  of  this  series.) 


.aviis 


.dt\l 


'<n 


bf.ii 

ul:  i:r. 


l(y\   •♦fjin^fj   'hlffO/J 


tiUi.^-   .:i 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  17? 

Commissioners,  and  the  Indian  Chieft^  on  the  Green  near  the 
Fort,  when  Capt.  White  Eyes  addressed  the  General. 

Brothers : 

I  acquainted  you  some  time  ago,  that  the  Bad  people  at  De- 
troit had  sent  me  a  Tomhawk  desiring  me  to  Strike  you  with  it. 
As  soon  as  I  received  it  I  immediately  Acquainted  you  of  it  and 
have  Wrapped  it  up,  so  that  none  of  my  Young  Men  or  my 
Counsellors  have  seen  it.  I  now  have  Brought  it  here  and  you 
may  make  what  use  you  please  of  it. 

He  then  threw  dowai  on  the  Groimd  the  two  Belts,  the  one  a 
plain  one,  the  other  painted  Red  with  a  Tomhawk  Decyphered 
on  it(lO).  Genl.  Macintosh  then  took  up  the  Belts  and  in- 
fomied  the  Chiefs  that  he  should  use  them  against  their  Com- 
mon enemy.     The  Genl.  then  Addressed  the  Chiefs  as  follows; 

Brothers : 

I  dont  love  many  words,  or  long  and  formal  talks.  We  have 
been  too  often  Cheated  by  them.  The  time  is  now  come  that 
Actions  alone  must  declare  who  are  our  Friends  and  who  are 
our  Enemies.  I  have  told  you  already  our  Fathers  the  Wise 
Men  of  the  United  States  in  the  great  Council  Assembled  in 
Congress,  have  sent  me  here  to  protect  those  whom  I  tind,  and 
will  Shew  themselves  our  true  and  real  Friends;  and  punish 
those  that  are  our  Enemies.  And  I  will  not  be  put  off,  or  de- 
ceived by  their  Offers,  or  pretences  when  they  see  just  Ven- 
geance ready  to  overwhelm  them  for  their  wickedness,  unless 
they  give  Substantial  Satisfaction  and  proofs  uf  their  Repent- 
ance. We  have  great  patience  with  those  Red  Men  who  were 
bought  like  Slaves  with  a  few  paultry  Goods  by  the  English  to 
strike  us.  Still  wishing  them  to  become  wiser;  and  earnestly 
desiring  that  as  we  grew  from  the  same  Ground,  so  we  might 
be  one  people,  without  Regarding  Colour.  You  are  a  small 
people.  Not  a  handfull,  We  wanted  to  take  care  of  you;  and 
Nurse  you,  as  Women  nurse  their  Children;  until  you  become  a 
great  people  as  we  are.     You  know  we  are  in  Nmnber  like  the 

10-It  is  quite  probable  the  painted  belt  was  sent  by  the  British,  to- 
gether with  a  tomahawk.  The  white  belt  was  added  by  the  Delaware 
Chiefs  to  show  they  did  not  accept  the  former;  that  they  were  the  friends 
of  the  Americans  and  repudiated  the  mission  from  tlieir  enemies.  The 
reference  to  the  tomahawk  having  been  wrapped  up,  is  purely  tiguralivc 


TTl 


norij  fH 


.,bi 


"■.'.'O/^c^   lit// 


j'>.iJi^3 


il«rr7/    ri   'Jli^    uoY      .r 


iHO    ^ 


178  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

stones  upon  the  Ground.  And  grow  every  Day  more  and  more. 
You  have  heard  we  have  beat  the  Enghsh  every  where,  and  al- 
most killed  and  drove  them  all  off  of  our  land  which  they  wanted 
to  take  from  us.  That  the  French  and  Spaniards  have  now 
joined  us,  and  beat  them  on  the  great  Water  also,  so  that  they 
are  in  Danger  of  losing  their  own  little  Island.  Therefore  every 
wise  man  among  you  will  see  as  Clear  as  the  sun  Shines;  that 
!     .  the  English  cannot  keep  Detroit,   Niagara,   and  other  little 

i  places  they  hold  upon  the  Great  Lakes  long,  nor  supply  you 

i  long  with  Goods.     What  then  will   become  of   these  foolish 

I  people  who  have  made  us  their  Enemies  without  Cause? 

j  Brothers  and  fellow  Warriors  of  Cochocking(Il). 

We  are  at  last  Angery.  You  know  we  have  great  Reason 
to  be  so.  I  am  going  soon  to  your  Country  with  my  Waniors. 
I  find  your  few  Towns  alone  among  all  the  Red  people  have  been 
wise.  Now  is  the  Time  to  Shew  it,  by  talcing  up  this  Hatchet 
like  men  determined  to  be  free  with  us,  against  all  our  Enemies 
and  your  Enemies.  And  this  Belt  to  Confirm  it,  expecting 
when  I  go  over  this  River  your  Warriors  will  join  me,  that  we 
may  grow  great  together,  and  be  as  one  people  (as  you  have  de- 
clared this  Day)  Whilst  the  Sun  and  Moon  Shines  or  the  Waters 
Run.  And  I  cannot  answer  for  the  Conduct  of  my  Warriors 
towards  any  who  Refuse  it. 

[End  of  the  Document.] 
Attached  to  the  preceding  docuinent  is  a  copy  of  the  treaty, 
which,  as  stated,  was  signed  in  triplicate,  one  copy  being  sent 
to  Congress,  the  second  remaining  with  General  Mcintosh,  and 
the  third  being  taken  by  the  Delaware  cliiefs.  It  is  quite 
evident  the  copy  in  question  has  always  been  attached  to  the 
document,  this  is  shown  by  many  stains  which  penetrate  all  the 
pages.  These  were  probably  the  papers  sent  to  Congress,  and 
mentioned  in  the  Journal  of  Congress,  October  6,  1778,  as  fol- 
lows : 

"A  letter,  of  24  September,  from  Andrew  Lewis  and 
Thomas  Lewis,  Esqrs,  commissioners  at  Fort  Pitt,  was 
read,  together  with  their  proceedings  at  a  treaty  held  with 

11-Coshocton,  on  the  site  of  the  present  Coshocton,  Coshocton  county, 
Ohio,  was  the  most  important  settlement  of  tlie  Turtle  tribe  of  the  Dela- 
wares.     It  was  destroyed  by  the  whites  in   1781. 


2l<'i 


.avtrsAD  -T! 


VIRGINIA    FRONTIER    IN    HISTORY.  179 

chiefs  of  the  Delaware  nation,  and  an  agreement  or  con- 
federation entered  into  between  them  and  the  said  chiefs." 
The  signatures  of  the  two  commissioners,  and  of  the  witnesses, 
likewise  the  marks  of  the  three  Delaware  chiefs,  as  they  appear 
on  the  copy  of  the  treaty  now  in  the  Library  of  Congress,  are 
shown  in  the  accompanying  plate (12).  Another  copy  of  the 
treaty,  probably  the  one  retained  by  General  Mcintosh,  is  now 
preserved  in  the  State  Department,  Washington.  The  copy  in 
the  Library  of  Congress  is  written  on  both  sides  of  several 
sheets  of  paper,  but  the  State  Department  copy  is  on  one  side  of 
large  sheets  which  were  joined  together  so  as  to  present  a  single 
surface  for  the  writing.  Attached  to  this  copy  are  the  signa- 
tures of  Joseph  L.  Finley  and  John  Finley,  both  captains  in  the 
Eighth  Pemisylvania  regiment  who  signed  as  witnesses.  Their 
names  do  not  appear  on  the  Library  of  Congress  copy.  The 
text  of  the  treaty  has  been  given  in  several  official  publications, 
and  will  not  be  quoted  here. 

12-The  majority  of  the  names  have  been  included  in  note  1  of  this 
article,  the  others  may  be  referred  to  here: 

William  Crawford  was  appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Fifth  Vir- 
ginia regiment  February  13,  1776.  Colonel  of  the  Seventh  Virginia 
regiment,  August  14,  1776.  Resigned  March  22,  1777.  Later  he  served 
on  the  western  frontier  and  commanded  an  expedition  against  the  In- 
dians. He  was  captured,  and  burned  at  the  stake,  in  the  present  Wyan- 
dotte county,  Ohio,  June  11,  1782.     (see  note  7  above.) 

John  Campbell,  probably  the  second  lieutenant  in  the  Pennsylvania 
Militia,  who  was  killed  in  action  with  the  Indians  west  of  the  Ohio,  June 
4,  1782. 

John  Stephenson,  an  influential  citizen  of  western  Pennsylvania. 

Alexander  Graham,  appointed  ensign  in  the  Fifth  Pennsylvania  Bat- 
talion, August  9,  1776.  Second  lieutenant  in  Eighth  Pennsylvania  regi- 
ment, July  13,  1777. 

Benjamin  Mills,  First  lieutenant  Eighth  North  Carolina  regiment, 
November  28,  1776,  Resigned  July  12,  1777.  Recorded  in  the  Journal 
of  Congress,  June  27,  1778,  is  the  recommendation  of  the  Board  of  War, 
to  Congress,  that  Benjamin  Mills,  Lieutenant  of  the  first  troop,  be 
granted  a  commission  "in  the  Corps  of  North  Carolina  Light  Dragoons," 
to  date  from  July  16,  1777.  The  following  reference  to  North  Carolina 
troops  at  Fort  Pitt,  appearing  in  the  Journal  of  Congress,  December  5, 
1778,  is  of  interest  in  this  connection:  "The  Board  of  War  being  applied 
to  by  Captain  Medici  of  the  North  Carolina  dragoons,  for  direction  for 
his  future  government,  beg  leave  to  state  the  case  of  the  said  troops: 

"That  from  an  impracticability  to  provide  for  them,  they  have  be-n 
hitherto  unemployed  in  the  held,  except  about  forty,  who  were  lately 
compleatly  fitted  out  and  sent  to  Brigadier  MTnlosh  under  Captain 
Ashe,  in  expectation  that  the  men  whose  terms  of  service  were  near  ex- 
piring, would  agree  to  stay  two  months  beyond  their  time;  but  on  or  ^oon 
after  their  arrival  at  Fort  Pitt,  their  times  being  expired,  all  but  14 
(|uitted  the  service  and  went  home." 


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TITHABLES  OF  PITTSYLVANIA  COUNTY,    1767  181 

A  List  of  Tithables  Taken  by  John  Hanley  (18),  Gent  for  year 
1767. 

Tithes       Land 

William    Hinton, 2 

John    Panill,...- - 1 

John    Condaman, .  1 

Wm.    Huntsman,...- _ -.  1 

James    Lyon, _ 4           200 

John    Bollin,.. _ - 1 

Wm.    Bollin, 1 

Wm.    Stevens, 3 

James    Anderson, 1 

Daniel    Wells, 2 

Joshua    Bewclett, - 2 

Jac.  McPais  (?)..._ 1 

Abraham    Brend, _ 1 

William    Brend, _ 1 

Beni    Sanders, 1 

John    Hall,.... 1 

Nathan    Bewclett, 3 

Daniel    Con,. 1 

John    McGown, 4 

Bedford    Jinkins, _ 1 

Eliphes    Shalton, _ 2 

George    Cowton, 4 

Shelton _.._ 2 

George  Carrail,  (?) 1 

John    Williams, — -  1 

Ralph  Shelton,  Sen., 4           200 

John    Hanby,... 4 

A  List  of  Tythables  Taken  July  17,  1767  by  Peter  Copland  (19) 
Gent 

John    Kendricks,— _ 1 

James    Roberts, _ 1  

(18.)     John  Hanbey  was  one   of   the  first  Justices  of   the   Peace  for 

Pittsylvania  County,  and  lived  in  that  portion  which  later  was  known 
as  Patrick  County.     In  1775,  was  appointed  Captain  of  the  Militia. 

(19.)     Peter   Copland,  one  of   the  tirst  Justices  of  Peace  for  Pittsyl- 
vania, and  lived  in  that  portion  C)f  the  county  which  later  became  Henry. 


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VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Tithes.     Land 


Dauzwell    Rogers, _ 

Thorn.    Nunn, 

Rich    White,. 

John  Rowland,  John  Palfery,  Jack  &  Pegg,. 

Capt.  WilHam  Blevins,  Dawl  &  Peter,.. 

Daniel  Newman  Jun, 

Dennis    Bryan, 

Thomas    Wright, __ 

John    Rice,. 

Neel    Roberts, _ 

James    Wallen, 

Charles    Scaggs 

Edw'i    Callaham,.. 

Do.    Baker, 

Harry    Dillen, _ 

Wm.    Young...... 

Wm.  Baily  Jun, _ 

Rich.    Baker, 

Little  William  Blevins, 

Frederick  D.  0.  Daniel...... 

William  Bailey,  Sen^ 

Wm.    Ashart, 

David  Shadwell  &  Bob, 

John    Handy,.... 

Jacob  Cooger  &  son  Henry, 

James    Filley, 

Wm.    Reed, 

David    Hailey, 

Robt  McVatta..... 

Wm.  McVatta 

John  Barker 

Jeremiah  Claimck,  Jun 

John  Newman... 

Kave  Bailey.. 

Thomas  Cooper,  Sen... 

Wm.  Reeding 

Thomas  Shanam  &  David  Cazey 


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TITHABLES  OF  PITTSYLVANIA  COUNTY,    1767  183 

Tithes     Land 

Jessey  Bound  &  Pompey 2 

Enguim  Nunn 1 

Joseph  Nunn  &  Nan 2 

Thomas  Gazaway _ 1 

Joseph  Wallen _ 1 

EHsha  Wallen  Sen"- 1 

Thomas  Cooper,  Jr.,  Terence  Daniel,  negroes 

George  &  Winney... 4  300 

William  Bass 1 

Elisha  Harbour... 1  150 

Elijah  Harbour  &  negro  Hannah 2  310 

Fosyth  Bradberry 1 

James  Merrydeth 1  '■■ 

Barclay  Merrydeth.... 1 

William  Merrydeth,  Constable... 1 

Thomas  Webb 1 

John  Wells...... 1 

William  Thomas,  John  Davis,  Benj  Davis  & 

Charles  Mitchell 4  ■■    '■ 

Waters  Dunn,  Waters  Dunn,  Jr.,  Rich*^  Dunn, 

Rich*^  Bradberry,  negroes  Tom,  MoU  &  Lilly  7 
Peter    Copland,    Rich*^    Copland,    Dan'l    Mc-  ' 

Bride  &  negro  Hannah 4 

Ambrose  Jones,  negroes  Dinah  &  Judy 3 

Thomas  Cooper,  jr 1 

Philip  Ryan 1  '       . 

John  Talbot 1  765 

James  Calk 1 

John  Cox,  Sr.,  John  Cox,  Jr.,  Neg^  Lucy.. 3 

Nemian  Prater,  Nemiah  Prater 2         . 

Charles  Semple 1 

Matthew  Small ._ 1 


99 
The  above  List  of  Tithables  taken  by  me. 

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184  '  ^  ^'  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Tithes     Land 

A  List  of  Tithables  &  Land  taken  by Gordon, 

Pittyslvania  County,  1767.  , 
John  Wimbsih,  James  IVIitchell,    negro  Cyrus, 

Orange,  Sail,  Pegg,  in  all _ 6           G27 

John  Martin,  Joseph  Cox._„ 2 

William    Candler,    Arestripes    Baghan,    negro 

Chester -..- 3 

William  Stanley,  John  Stanley,  Wm.  Stanley, 

Jr- - - --- 3 

William  Pain - 1 

Thomas  Stone 1 

John  Stone,  jun"" 1 

James  Stone. 1           100 

Thomas  Justice 1 

Israel  Justice. 1           300 

Simeon  Justice - 1 

Samuel  Gordon Tom 

Archibald  Gordon  (20),  negros  Dick,  Kildare, 

Lucy,  Sarah 5    (torn) 

John  Hickey  (21) _ (torn) 

A  List  of  Tithables  taken  by  Hamon  Critz  (22),   Gent.,  for 
the  year  1767. 
Thomas  Walling _ 1  12^ 

(20.)  Archibald  Gordon,  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace.  Was 
appointed  Lieutenant  of  the  Militia  in  17G7.  In  1774  was  made  Col.  of 
of  the  County.  Elected  Sheriff  in  1771.  "He  was  Scotch  by  birth, 
and  lived  and  died  without  marrying"  (Va.  Mag.  Hist.  Vol.  7). 

(21.)  John  Hicky,  very  probably  the  Mr.  Hikki  mentioned  in  the 
Moravian  Diary,  1753.  (Va.  Mag.  Hist.  Vol.  XIII).  When  passing 
through  what  isnow  Henry  County,  they  say,  "Mr.  Hikki  who  lives  half  a 
mile  from  here  and  keeps  a  store  (which  is  nearest  house  at  which  we  can 
buy  salt),  came  to  us  and  showed  himself  very  friendly.  We  had  a 
miserable  road  to  his  house.  Here  we  bought  some  provisions."  In 
the  earliest  records  of  the  county  we  find  mention  of  "Hicky 's  old 
road. ' '  It  traverses  the  county  from  Staunton  River  on  the  north  straight 
to  the  Court  house,  and  then  turns  due  west  into  Henry  County,  and  this 
same  road     is  to-day  called  Hicky's  road. 

(22.)  Hamon  Critz,  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  County.  He  lived 
in  that  part  of  the  county  later  known  as  Patrick.  At  a  meeting  of^the 
Vestry  of  Camden  Parish  at  Pittsylvania  Courthouse,  July  22,  1709, 
"a  chappel  of  ease"  was  ordered  to  be  built  near  Captain  Hainan  Crites 
of  a  size  20  by  24  feet,  Round  loggs  for  the  body,  a  claplxjard  Roof  and 
Benches,  &  etc." 


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TITHABLES  OF  PITTSYLVANIA   COUNTY,    1767  185 

Tithes     Land 

William  Hays._ 2 

Cillis  Ratlift 1 

Arch'l  Hughes 1 

Geo.  Allan 

Henry  France 

David  Gowing._ 3           272 

Nicholas  Langford. 2 

James  Fee 1 

Geo.  Poor. 2 

Rob*  Crump,  Jun'' 

Rob*  Crump,  Sen"' 

Frederick  Fulkerson 

Alex''  Deputy 

Adam  Loving  (23) 2 

William  Loving 1 

Joseph  Cameron.... 1           400 

John  Pluk 3 

Zacheriah  Cook 1 

Thos.  Harbour 4           790 

David  Witt 1 

Paletiah  Shelton... 1           144 

Geo.  Gibson 1 

John  Wildrich  Bender..... 402 

John  Parr 2          400 

William  Denson 1 

William  Tirpin _ 1 

Geo.  Gray _ 1 

William  Harrald __ 1 

John  Jinings.. 1 

Peter  Rentfro 2 

John  Koger 1 

John  France 3 

John  Camron 1 

(23.)  Adam  Loving  is  mentioned  in  the  Moravian  Diaries,  1753. 
They  were  passing  through  what  is  now  Henry  County  and  write"  we  drove 
four  miles  further  and  ate  dinner  at  Adam  Loving's  plantation.     They 

were  very  friendly  to  us.     The  man  showed  us  the  ford  aeross  the  first 
brancli  of  Mayo  River."     (Va.  Mag.  Hist.  Vol.  13.) 


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186  ,,  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Tithes     Land 

David  Lyler 1 

Miles  Jinings 2  185 

Lambath  Dodson 1 

Phillip  Buzzard 1  ;.  . 

Thorn.  MuiTy_ 1  .,  • 

Solomon  Smith..... 1 

John  Spain.. 1 

John  Gooch 1 

James  Pritchard 2 

Haman  Critz 2  200 

A  List  of  Tithables  taken  for  Pittsylvania  in  1767  by  John 
Dix  (24). 

John  Armstrong  Annica. 2  210 

Thomas  Ayers 1 

Daniel  Ayers... 1 

Moses  Ayers..... 1 

John  Bynum 1  200 

Arthur  Bynum.. 1 

Lawrence  Barker 1 

William  Barker.. 1 

Edward  Burges. 1 

John  Bynam  Jr 1 

Moses  Cornelius _ 1 

Thomas  Colley _ 1 

William  Cornelius 1 

William  Colley 1 

John  Chipman,  Constable 1 

James  Collie 1 

Thomas  Dudley 1 

Henry  Dixon,  Jas.  Durough,  Jas.  Borough 3 

John  Dix,  Ephraim  Dismunkes,  James  Evalto, 

Will,  Joe,  Minkes,  Ben,  Lett,  Old  Janney  & 

Janney  and  1  chair,  deduct  2  tithes  being 

ferrymen 10  307 

(24.)  John  Dix,  established  a  ferry  across  Dan  River  in  17G0,  wliich 
was  used  constantly  in  Southern  Campaign  of  Revolution  (see  Pitts 
Records).  Was  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  tlie  County.  Appointed 
Captain  of  the  Militia  in  1775. 


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TITHABLES   OF   PITTSYLVANIA   COUNTY,    1767  187 

Tithes     Land 

William  Durrett,  Peter 2 

Edward  Floyde -— 180 

Lewis  Green,  William  Green.... 2           100 

John  Hamilton -  100 

Samuel   Harris    (25),    Bob.    Honeyball,    York, 

Pompey,  Janney,  Sally,  Lucy 8           757 

James  Hogan,  William  Hogan 2           100 

John  Hensley - 1 

Thomas  Pistole -  1 

Samuel  Pruett - - ---  1           590 

Hugh  Mahone -- - - -  1           165 

John  McClane' - - 1 

Thomas    Merriwether,    William    Meriwether, 

Jason     Bowcock,     Paul,     Frank,     Southsea 

Betty,    Nann,    Hannah,    Nann,    Nedd,   Sue, 

Judy,     Creshea,    Joe,     Paul,    Jacob,     Gate, 

Peter  &  Judy... -  20           545 

William     McDaniel,     Tom,      Dick,      Daniel, 

Lovoney,  Milley,  Liddy  &  Janney 9           960 

Daniel  Ober 1 

William  Owen -- - 1           100 

John  Roberts,  Jas.  Roberts  &  Jas.  Roberts,  Jr....  3           383 

Gabriel  Richards - 1           200 

David  Ross... - - 640 

Geo.  Southerland -  2           175 

John  Southerland - - 1 

Jacob  Stillwell --  1 

Philip  Southerland 1 , 

(25.)  Samuel  Harris  was  a  pioneer  Baptist  Minister  of  Virginia. 
He  was  also  an  early  settler  of  this  county,  having  many  surveys  made 
Ap.  2,  1748.  An  old  book  entitled  "Pioneer  Baptist  Preachers  of  Vir- 
ginia" says  of  him  that  "he  was  born  1724.  in  Hanover  County.  When 
young  he  moved  to  the  County  of  Pittsylvania.  As  he  advanced  ui  age 
he  became  a  favorite  of  the  people.  He  was  appointed  church  warden, 
sheriff,  a  justice  of  the  peace,  burgess  for  the  county,  Colonel  of  the 
Militia,  Captain  of  Mayo  Fort,  and  Commissary  for  the  Fort  and  Army. 
On  one  of  his  visits  to  the  fort  in  his  official  character  he  called  at  the 
home  of  William  and  Joseph  Murphy,  dressed  in  his  uniform  ♦  *  *  * 
Was  converted  and  was  baptized  in  1758  by  the  Reverend  Daniel  Marshall 
During  the  war  when  it  was  extremely  difficult  to  procure  salt,  kept 
two  wagons  running  to  Petersburg  to  bring  up  salt  for  his  neighbors." 


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188  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Tithes     Land 

John  Stamps '^ 

Timothy  Stamps 1 

James  Terry 3065 

William  Travis..._ _ 1 

William  Thomas,  Arthur  &  Janny 3         1005 

William  Tredvvell 1 

William  Wynne,  Prince,  Peter,  Nedd,  Cale  & 

Judy - 6           400 

Thomas  Wyrme  &  Lucy 2          165 

Robert  Wright _ - 1 

William  Wynne,  jr.,  Saunders  Southerland  & 

Prince -  3           500 

John  Worsham  &  Sirus. - 2 

Joshua  Worsham,  Will,  Frank,  Abram,  Lucy, 

Judy  &  Pegg - 7           300 

Robert  Wynne 1 

Thomas  Wynne,  jr - 1           400 

John  Wheler  -- 1 

Signed  John  Dix. 

List  of  Tithables  taken  by  Peter  Perkins  (26)  for  the  year  1767. 

White  Blacks  Acres  Wheels 

George  Chadwell  Land....._ 125  ac 

Dutton  Lain  tith.  Land 1  83  ac 

David  Terrill  Land..._ 275 

Edward  Sweeton  (?)  tithe 1 

John  Morton  tithe,  land  .- 1         450 

James  Burnett  tithe - 1 

(26.)  Peter  Perkins  was  the  son  of  Constant  Perkins  and  owned  a 
large  plantation  "Oak  Hill,"  in  southern  part  of  the  county,  on  Dan 
River.  He  took  an  active  part  in  the  life  of  the  county,  being  one  of  the 
first  Justices  of  the  Peace.  Was  a  Vestryman,  member  of  the  County 
Committee  of  Safety.  &  in  1775,  appointed  Captain  of  the  Militia.  Com- 
manded a  Pittsylvania  Company  of  Minute  Men  in  Cherokee  Expedition 
of  177(3.  By  the  close  of  the  Revolution,  had  been  jjromoted  to  Colonel 
and  commanded  a  regiment  m  battle  of  Guilford  (Pittsylvania  Pension 
Papers).  In  the  spring  of  1781,  a  Continental  Hospital  was  established 
at  his  home  for  three  months,  as  the  Book  of  Claims,  for  Pitlsylvania 
shows. 


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While  Black  Acres  Wheels 


Davie  Fields  tithe 

George  Russell  Land 

George  Young,  1  negro  woman,  1  Land  . . 

Christopher  Bowlin,  son  William  

Joseph  Bowlin,  1  tithe. 

James  Bowlin,  1  tithe 

Ephram  McGoff 

George  Thompson 

Richard  Churchwell,  tithe.-- 

John  Rich  tithe 

Conoway,  1  tithe. 

Archibald  Thompson 

Rodden  Thompson 

Randolph  Gipson,  tithe,  negro  Bomber. 

Land 

Thomas    Calaway,    sons    Charles    and 

Richard's  land 

John   Court  &   soninlaw  Jas.    Coursey 

Peterson 

John  Frederick  Richel,  1  tithe  Land 

William  Rice  Sadler 

Patrick  Stiel,  1  tithe 

Thomas  Smith,  son  Thomas,  Land 

Edward  Smith,  negro  Will,  Land.. 

John  Fulton,  1  tithe  Land 

John  Smith,  negro  Dinah  Land _ 

Henry  Lansford,  negro  Judy,  Land— 

Ralph  Elkins  Jun - 

Richard  Elkins,  1  tithe 

Nathaniel  Elkins,  son  Jessey 

John  Rukey,  son  Jarhes. 

Thom.  Gresham 

Christopher  Bowling  Jun 

Jolin  Gresham  son  of  Phil  Gresham. 

Edward  Perogog,  tithe 

James  Elkin  on  leather  wood 

Samuel  Shields,  Land 


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1  377 


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VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


White  Black  Acres  Wheels 


John  Gresham  son  of  Thorn  Gresham 

Jesse  Elkins,  1  tithe 

John  Cox 

John  Givins 

William  Shields... 

George  Button..... 

Henry  Burnett 

Thorn.  Cunningham  Jun 

James  Shields,  1  tithe,  Land 

James  Strong 

B  en j  amine  Croley,  negro  Peter,  Land 

Thomas  Strong _ 

Charles  Cloke,  tithe.—. 

Benjamine  Croly,  1  tithe  land 

John  Strong,  Joseph  Martin..... 

Jeremiah  Walker,  negro 

Joseph  Cunningham  1  tithe  land 

Joseph    Morton,    1    tithe,    negro  Dinah 

Land 

Abraham  Passley  1  tithe 

Martain  Dunkin 

John  Scags 

James  Edwards  1  tithe  land 

Thom.  Bullock 

Richard  Bullock 

John  Lankford  1  tithe  Land..... 

Joseph  Cotton 

James  Presnall  son  James,  negro  Jane 

George  Hide  1  tithe 

Owen  Wait 

Joel  Certain  1  tithe 

Shadrack  Turner  sons  John  &  Josiah...„ 

Thomas  Watson,  1  tithe  land 

John  Watson  Jun,  Land 

James  Gravely  Jun'r 

John  Watson,  sen  tithe  &  Land 

John  Warring 


210 

1     48 

210 
100 
1 
370 

1  400 

90 
360 


256 
100 
220 

104 


.«»n. 


ois 
Sk    1 


0J£ 
001 


r 


noj.  f 


TITHABLES  OF  PITTSYLVANIA  COUNTY,    1767 


191 


Whites  Blacks  Acres  Wheels 


Thorn.  Gravely 

James  Gamer  1  tithe 

Thomas  Garner  1  tithe 

Thomas  Horgeth  tithes 

John  Morton  tithes  Negroes  dogery  & 

seftis.- 

Arthur  Fuller 

Daniel  Hankins  negroes  frank,  Nan  & 

patt  and  Land.. 

Nicholas  Perkins  1  tithe  negro  moll _... 

Joseph  Harris 

David  Harris 

John  Harris  Constable 

Benjamine  Neal  Constable 

John  Roach  i  tithe 

John  Oaks 

John  Rice 

Henry  Dunlop 

John  Gwin.... 

John  Sams 

William  Bean  &  son  Wm.  Land.. 

John  Harcliman  son  Thomas  Land 

Constant  Perkins  negro  Jacob 

John  Chadvvell  negro   Farmer  &  Tiller, 

Land 

Zacheriah  McCubbins 

John  Been  Jun. 

John  Jones,  1  tithe  Land 

John  Join  Land 

Wm.  Edwards  son  Thom.  Land 

Robt  Pcrriman 

Thomas  Billings 

WilUam  Murphy 

Thom.  Edwards,  negro  Andrew  Land 

William  McCubbin 

Henry  Rice  Land 

Nathan  Carter 


3  1780 
1 


1083 
100 
1 

2  748 


200 
525 
293 


1     91 
200 


IQl 


08T1  « 
I 


8801 
001 


8i'Y  i: 


oos 


oos 


A  yi 


*  naVI 


ha 


bfi 


192 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


A  List  of  Land  &   Tithes  taken  by  Hugh   Innes    (27)    for 
Pittsylvania  County  Anno.  Dom.  1767. 


Tithes 
1 


Land 


400 


400 
200 

536 
130 


Samuel  Collins.— 

Rowland  Judd  &  Nathaniel  Judd 

James  Keith 

Charles  Atkinman 

Morris  Atkinson _ 

Abner  Cochrvmi _. 

John  Law  John  Law  jr.  negroes  Jeany  &  Keat 

Henry  Atkinson  jr ._ 

Thomas  Hall 

William  Hall  &  Lansford  Hall 

Jesse  Hall... 

William  Hall  jr _ 

William  Hill 

Isom  Hall.. 

Thomas  Dunkin  Jr 

Thomas  Jones 

Thomas  Anderson  &  James  Anderson 

William  Griffith 

Joseph   Clements,    Gabriel    Clements   &   Var- 

diman  Clements 

Francis  Easom  &  Wm  Hungett,  John  Hungett 

&  Chas.  Hungett. 

Christopher  Shot  &  Christopher  Shot  Jr 

Benjamine  Barten 

John  Ferguson  &  negro  Dinah 

John  Savory  Jr 

William  Bramby _. 

Samuel  Walker  &  negro  Judd 

William  Davis 

Joseph  Bird 

Reuben  Kiefi 

Robert  Hill,  vSwiniield  Hill  &  Thomas  Hill 

(27.)  Hugh  Innes  was  a  Justice  of  Peace,  Vestryman  &  member  of 
County  Committee  of  Safety.  He,  with  John  Donelson,  represented 
Pittsylvania  in  Convention  of  August  1774. 


4 

135 

2 

1 

2 

130 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

400 

1 

3 

250 

S6I 


,  ^u  »  i  .ifluv  I   .* 


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NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  '  193 

''■*■■'  '"'•  •  '•     ■■       ''■  ■       '        t",:i.  ,':.,.■     ; 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(V.     v 


Captain  Cuthbekt  Harrison.  ■  

Cuthbert  Harrison,  who  was  Captain  of  Virginia  Light  Dragoons 
the  Revolution,  is  shown  by  the  Virginia  Revolutionary  records  not  to  be 
of  the  family  in  which  the  name  appears  so  often;  but  to  be  a  Brunswick 
Co.  man.     He  was  probably  a  descendant  of  William  Harrison,  an  early 
sheriff  of  Prince  George  Co. 

The  land  bounty  warrant  is  as  follows:  -  '<,<'.  ■   },:,:[ 

"No.  GG60,  2000  acres;  GG(J1,  2000  acres,  .     ,      . 

In  Council  Nov.  20,  1824. 

It  is  advised  that  Cuthbert  Harrison  be  allowed  Land  bounty  as  a 
Captain  of  Dragoons  in  the  Continental  Line  for  service  during  the  War. 

James  Pleasants. 

Two  warrants  for  2000  acres  each,  6000  and  6661,  issued  on  the  3d  of 
December  1824  to  Cuthbert  Harrison  and  delivered  to  S.  H.  Sanders, 
attorney  of  Gabriel  Harrison." 

"Warrant  9SS3  additional  land  to  the  heirs  of  Cuthbert  Harrison  for 
1  year,  6  months  and  12  days,  as  Captain  Continental  Line." 

"Exchange  warrant  668,  to  Joel  Hale,  administrator  de  bonis  non 
with  will  anne.xed  of  Cuthbert  Harrison,  deceased.  Captain  of  Dragoons, 
Continental  Line." 

"Power  of  attorney  from  Gabriel  Harrison,  son  and  executor  of  the 
estate  of  Cuthbert  Harrison,  deceased,  of  Brunswick  Co.,  to  S.  H. 
Sanders." 


Certain  Advantages  of  Book  Lkarning.  .         ^ 

Why  have  there  been  three  Randolphs  governors  of  Virginia,  and  a 
fourth  acting  governor  for  about  a  week?  The  explanation  must  be  in 
part  that  the  Randolphs  were  well  instructed  in  their  youth,  and  it  is  of 
interest  to  make  certain  who  any  of  the  teachers  of  the  three  governors 
Randolph  were,  or  for  that  matter  who  any  of  the  teachers  in  their 
fathers'  families  were. 

The  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  sub  Sir  John  Leslie  [1766-1832], 
the  celebrated  physicist  and  mathematician,  has  the  statement  that 
"the  year  1789,  Leslie  spent  in  America  as  tutor  to  tAvo  young  Americans 


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^^^  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

named  Randolph.  -     In  the  eircumstances  this  is  not  at  all  precise      But 
who  the  two  young  Americans  were  is  pretty  clear  by  referenc    to  H  '" 
nas  Men^o^rsofDr.  Chalmers  (New  York.  1850)  VoL    I,   p    4  5     ^^ 
tters  are    here  quoted  from  the  young  Leslie  to  the  yo^g  Chalm  rs 

urri7^;  T;,'"''r  °:.'^^^°--J-  ^^e  one  dated  Edinburgh  Fet 
ruary  1788,  and  the  other  Richmond,  Virginia,  January  1789  Lesli^^ 
and  Chalmers  had  been  fellow  students  at  St.  Andrew's.     In  his  fi 

et ter  Leshe  says  he  is  to  sail  for  America  in  March,  and  is  enthusias    c 

lA   )"  "T- '°""''''-     "'  ^""^^^^^  ^y^'"'  '^  -  -tizen  of  the  worll- 
ubt  hbertas,  ^b^  palnar     The  second  letter  runs-"My  dear  Tames   Mv 

At  m>  fir  t  arrival  I  was  extremely  struck  with  the  peculiarities  -^nd 
had  I  written  you  at  that  time  my  letter  would  have  been  full  of  marks 
The  novelty  is  now  over,  and  I  am  inclined  to  make  cool  reflectio^l  I 
must  con  ess  that  Virginia  has  fallen  below  my  expectations  re  kon 
Mr.  Randolph  s  the  best  family,  and  Tuckahoe  the  best  land  AK  re 
pub  lean  notions  are  now  completely  sobered.  If  any  person  be  d  " 
contented  at  home,  let  him  be  acquainted  with  other  countries  I  am 
afraid  my  schemes  in  America  will  not  succeed  "  I  eslio  „•  i  , 
Edinburgh  by  February  5,  1790.  ""'  ^""'^  ^" 

Hence  it  is  very  reasonable  to  affirm  that  Sir  John  Leslie  was  tutor  for 
parts  of  two  years  in  the  family  of  the  Randolphs  of  "Tuckahoe  And 
n  IS  hkely  that  offer  of  the  post  was  made  by  Thomas  Mann  Randolph 
(later  governor)  when  he  was  a  student  at  Edinburgh  in  17SS       ^'''^°^^^' 

rr-i      TI7-,,-         T^    ^,  ^-  J-  Morrison. 

Ri^dolph  ™    fsOO  r""'.r'  '"^'^  '"^  ^'^  ^^""'^  °f  David  Meade 
dolph  tutors. J  '  "'  """'''''  '"'"^"^  "^^"  ^°  the  list  of  Ran- 

AKDREVVs-On  page  182  of  the  current  volume  of  your  Magazine  in  the 
April  number,  there  is  a  note  in  reference  to  Robert  Andrews  a  one  time 
Professor  in  William  &  Mary  College,  in  which  it  is  statert'hatr  mTr! 

riea ,  and  had  issue,  etc. 

His  wife's  name  was  Elizabeth  Ballard.  The  marriat/e  i.  rp^-n.^.^ 
in  Norfolk  County,  date  January  3,  1775.  ^  ^'"^'^ 

B.  L.  Ancell. 
•  .  Vangchow,  China. 


Notes  on  Roblnson  Family,  Eastern  Shore. 

The  will  of  Elizabeth  Robinson,  of  Shadwell  in  the  parish  of  Steben 

heath  as  Stepney,  Middlesex,  England,  was  dated  Dec.  3    1067    and 

proved  June  29,  10G8  (recorded  Accomac  Co.,  Vol.  8.  p.  66).     She  makes 

bequests  to  her  sons  William.  John  and  Benjamin  Robinson,  dL   hte 


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NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  195 

Ann  Robinson,  to  grandson  John  Custis  a  red  stone  ring.  Her  daughter 
Anna,  executrix,  and  John  and  Alicia  Custis  proved  the  will  (T.  T. 
Upshur  stated  that  Major-General  John  Custis  married,  Alicia,  daughter 
of  the  testatrix.  He  did  not  marry  Alicia  until  about  1657  and  his  eldest 
son  John  was  born  in  1653,  so  there  was  a  former  wife). 

It  appears  from  the  Accomac  records  (Vol.  15,  Order  Book  1710-16,  p. 
239)  that  Col.  Tully  Robinson  heir-at-law  of  Benjamin  Robinson,  de- 
ceased, whose  widow  was  Elizabeth  Robinson  objected  to  the  probate 
of  Benjamin  Robinson's  will  because  there  were  not  three  witnesses,  and 
in  the  will  the  decedant  had  willed  him  only  a  part  of  the  land,  while  he 
claimed  to  be  entitled  to  all.  The  court  decided  that  the  part  of  the 
will  bequeathing  the  land  was  null  and  void;  but  ordered  the  will  to  be 
probated  March  20,  1715-16. 

Col.  Tully  Robinson  (born  Oct.  31,  1658,  died  Nov.  30,  1723— tomb  at 
Onancock)  made  his  will  Nov.  21,  1723.  It  was  proved  August  8,  1724, 
and  includes  bequests  to  his  children  Ann  Robinson,  Mary  Robinson, 
\Vm.  Robinson,  West  Smith,  Scarburgh  Wise,  Sarah  Smith,  Susan  Mc- 
Lanahan,  Elizabeth  wife  of  John  Smith,  grandson  Wm.  Robinson  Smith, 
youngest  daughter  Anna  Robinson  to  be  under  her  mother's  care.  I  tern ; 
"I  give  my  daughter  Scarburgh  Wise  six  of  my  best  silver  spoons  and  the 
oval  table  in  the  hall."  Wife  Sarah  executrix.  She  qualified  (Vol. 
1715-29,  pp.  7,8.  (Sarah  Robinson  was  the  daughter  of  Lt.  Col.  John  and 
Matilda  (Scarburgh)  West). 

Col.  Tully  Robinson  was  son  of  William  Robinson. 


Claiborne. 


Letitia  White  Clark,  daughter  of  Howson  Clark  of  Pittsylvania  County 
was  born  Nov.  11,  1800,  and  married  Dec.  5,  1818,  Col.  Leonard  Clai- 
borne of  Danville,  Va.  and  had  i.ssue:  1.  William,  married  Miss  Haden. 
He  was  a  colonel  in  the  Confederate  army  (Issue:  Letitia,  Richard, 
William,  Ella  and  John);  2.  James,  died  of  yellow  fever  in  Galveston;  3. 
David  Augustine,  married  Elvira,  daughter  of  Col.Wm.  Clark, of  Halifax 
Co.  (and  had  issue);  4.  Mary  Jane,  married  Sterling  Edmunds,  of  Halifax 
Co.  (Issue:  Lilly,  Ethel,  and  Sterling);  5.  John  Ferdinand,  of  Danville, 
Va.,  married  Jane  Augustine,  daughter  of  Samuel  Stone,  and  died  Nov. 
25,  1856,  no  issue;  6.  Letitia,  married  John  Smith;  7.  Bettie,  married  Dr. 
John  Drury;  8.  Thomas,  Colonel  C.  S.  A.;  badly  wounded  in  the  leg  and 
died  after  amputation;  9.  Grandy,  served  in  C.  S.  A.,  married  Miss  Pal- 
mer of  Richmond,  Va.;  10.  Langston,  married  Miss  Hairston,  of  Henry 
Co.,  Va.;  living  in  Winston,  N.  C;  11.  Ellen,  married  Col.  Carrington  of 
Louisville,  Ky.;  12.  Letitia  White  Clark,  died  in  Danville,  Va.,  May  12, 
18GS. 


Ji 


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1.1 


l;'7 

196  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

.,  Wyatt. 

Edmond  Wyatt  buys  land  of  Morgan  Jones,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Sept. 
22,  1G73.  This  land  Edmond  Wyatt  devises  to  his  sons  James  and 
William  Wyatt  and  their  heirs  by  his  last  will  and  testament  in  writing. 
"James  and  William  Wyatt  of  the  Parish  of  Copely,  in  the  county  of 
Westmoreland,  planters  of  the  one  part,"  sell  to  Thomas  Browning,  two 
hundred  and  six  acres  in  the  forest  of  Nominy,  Feb.  23,  1707.  Court 
Certilicate  on  deed  states  "and  Eliz.  Moon  wife  of  John  Moon,  and  moth- 
er of  said  Wyatts  voluntarily  relinquishes  her  right  of  dower"  etc. 

James  Wyatt's  inventory  returned  to  Court  in  Westmoreland  in  1734 
by  Kathrine  his  widow  and  adm'r. 

William  Wyatt  died  1727  or  8,  in  Westmoreland.  His  wife  Martha 
was  appointed  adm'r.  Wanted  to  know  the  connection  between  Edmond 
Wyatt  of  Westmoreland  and  his  sons  William  and  James,  and  other  early 
Wyatts  in  Virginia.  The  records  indicate  that  the  descendants  of  the 
above  later  lived  in  Stafford  and  Prince  William.  Correspondence 
solicited  by  incjuirer  who  has  much  data  about  Wyatts. 
.      -  :        .-     ,,,  Mrs.  A.  E.  W., 

•       .   ,    •  81  Peachtree  Circle, 

'  ',.  '      •         '    '■  Atlanta,  Ga. 


BoLLiNG  Hall,  Bradford,  England. 

The  people  of  England  and  of  the  United  States  are  now  interested  in 
the  alliance  of  two  families  of  North  of  England  Stock — (See  an  article 
in  "the  Yorkshire  Observer  Budget"  published  Oct.  30th,  1915,  in  Brad- 
ford) thcCity  has  lately  received  a  Deed  of  Boiling  Hall  the  time  honr'd 
home  of  the  Boilings  &  have  employed  the  most  skillful  Architects  to 
restore  &  prepare  it  for  use  as  an  Historical  Museum,  they  have  torn 
out  partitions  of  brick-masonry-lath  &  plaster-removed  paint  of  Oak 
Panell,  exposed  &  restored  fine  carved  oak  beams,  old  fire  places  & 
their  fixtures-the  old  ghost  room,  ancient  furnishings,  The  old  Norman 
Tower  of  the  time  Scott  writes  of  in  "Ivanhoe,"  Elizabethian additions 
&  masonry  up  to  the  present  time  will  undoubtedly  be  of  great  interest 
to  English  &  American  people — Virginians  particularly.  After  the 
Boilings  left  for  Virginia — &  probably  the  Washingtons  &  others 
left  about  the  same  time  for  they  in  those  days  had  peculiar  troubles  & 
cares,  old  feudal  days  passing  away  a  new  Era  beginning  as  now — it  was  a 
beautiful  country  well  timbered  which  was  cut  down  and  &  did  service  in 
ships  of  war  as  Steel  does  today,  after  coal  was  found  on  the  estate,  then 
iron.  Then  John  Sturges  founded  the  Bowling  Iron  Co.  &  the  toughest 
iron  on  earth  was  manufactured.  Then  James  Watt  perfected  his  con- 
densing steam   engine  &   the   Bowling  Iron  Company  constructed  them 


J-.'" 


.avfisAOAX  JA':>iii 


h 


rmrti  i/*i.>inJ8no'j  '<n/;(;ai»».J  noii  ;|n(iwo«   '»nr   sS  tni^nit  nn 


NOTES    AND   QUERIES.  '  197 

before  he  got  his  patent  papers  properly  made  out,  he  charged  them  with 
piracy  £2000.,  settled  it.  There  has  been  no  improoveinent  to  those  en- 
gines since  except  governers  &  Corlis  valves.  Tlie  oldest  steam  boilers 
in  the  world  were  there  a  few  years  ago.  The  Corlis  Turbine  is  our 
modern  engine.  The  first  two  railroads  were  started  to  run  coal  &  iron 
from  mines  to  foundry  and  coal  to  Bradford.  Fixed  engine  and  wire 
cable  was  the  motive  power.  The  first  locomotive  tyres  were  manufac- 
tured there  and  at  Low  Moor.  Big  guns  for  forts  &  navy  in  1857. 
Those  guns  were  on  fortress  at  Quebec,  at  entrance  to  Mersey,  Liverpool 
and  at  forts  all  over  the  globe,  &  the  iron  was  in  the  sugar  kettles  of 
Jamaica  &  Cuba,  &'c.  The  second  Naysmith  steam  vertical  hammer. 
&  Joshua  Pollard  &  John  Burch  &  my  father  had  a  struggle  with 
Henry  Bessmer  as  to  who  had  the  best  right  to  manufacture  steel.  Mj' 
father  was  an  employe  of  the  Bowling  Iron  Co.  for  20  years  &  over.  I 
was  born  on  that  estate  in  183G.  I  still  am  interested  in  the  history  of 
the  Boilings  and  would  like  to  know  more  of  their  Virginia  Estates  and 
their  experiences.  There  are  two  president  Harrisons  from  that  stock 
&  two  Mayor  Harrisons  of  Chicago  &  the  former  mentioned  Virginia 
lady  destined  to  be  the  first  lady  of  our  land.  I  think  it  is  our  duty  to 
try  to  bring  about  peace  &  good  will  all  over  the  English  speaking 
world  &  Historical  Societies  are  going  to  take  a  hand  in  it.  I  hope  I 
as  one  individual  may  be  able  to  give  &  receive  instruction. 

Yours  Sincerely 
\Vm.  L.  Hill 
November  IGth,  1915.  Central  City,  Iowa. 


Edw.\rd  Washington.  ,       ,  •  ^ 

Information  is  desired  concerning  the  ancestry  of  Edward  Washington 
of  Fairfax  County.  His  will  is  on  record  at  Fairfax  C.  H.,  as  is  that  of 
his  son  Edward.  In  the  will  of  the  second  Edward  he  refers  to  his  son 
John.  Both  wills  are  printed  in  Welles  "History  of  the  Washington 
Family."  In  the  expense  account  his  name  is  given  as  John  A.  Minnie 
Washington,  daughter  of  the  last  named,  married  William  Alder,  Jan. 
25,  1865,  and  is  still  living.  John  Augustine  Washington  was  fifteen  years 
of  age  when  his  guardian  was  appointed.  Welles  states  that  the  first  Ed- 
ward was  born  in  1745.  The  Pohick  Parish  register  shows  that  in  1737 
Edward  Washington  was  collector  of  levies.  Later,  in  17G5,  he  was  a 
vestryman  of  Pohick.  Lund  Washington,  who  wrote  an  account  of  his 
own  Washington  family,  says  that  he  saw  Edward  Washington  Sr.,  then 
a  very  old  man  in  1788;  but  that  they  could  trace  no  relationship. 

C.  J. 


tf».     Il-T^     I',     f 


iiwol  .  J  .Blfll  .rilfil  iydms>vu>l 


iii'Jgdii' 


198  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  I '>' I 

IiNDiAN  Medal. 

In  XXIII,  197,  I  inserted  a  query  in  the  "Virginia  magazine  of  history 
and  biography"  regarding  a  Virginia  Indian  medal  now  in  possession  of 
the  Bangor  Historical  Society,  and  apparently  unknown  to  Virginia 
historians  and  antiquarians. 

This  brought  a  reply  from  Mr.  E.  E.  Wright  of  New  Orleans  who 
called  our  attention  to  certain  authorities  where  this  medal  is  described: 
"American  journal  of  numismatics"  April,  18G8  (vol.  II,  pages  110-111) 
and  same  periodical  April  1873  (vol.  VII,  pages  89-90),  and  "American 
colonial  history  illustrated  by  contemporary  medals"  by  C.  W.  Betts, 
page  261-262. 

In  each  of  these  citations  allusion  is  made  to  another  Indian  medal, 
evidently  struck  by  New  York  in  1764;  the  reverse  of  each  and  the  loop 
for  attaching  at  top,  being  practically  identical.  This  latter  medal  is 
also  described  on  page  79  of  vol.  I  of  "Historical  and  statistical  informa- 
tion respecting  the  history,  condition  and  prospects  of  the  Indian  tribes," 
by  H.  R.  Schoolcraft  (illustration  in  Plate  20). 

No  information  is  forthcoming  in  regard  to  the  origin  or  history  of  the 
medal.  It  would  seem  that  some  peace  or  treaty  by  Virginia  with  the 
Indians  was  commemorated  by  it.  Mr.  Howland  Wood  of  the  American 
Numismatic  Society  of  New  York  writes  usthat  it  is  one  of  a  number  of 
medals  given  to  Indians  in  colonial  times,  regarding  which  ne.xt  to  noth- 
ing is  known. 

Chas.  A.  Flagg 

Bangor  Public  Library 
,  Bangor,  Maine. 


Notes  from   the  Records   of   Sussex   County. 

Will  of  James  Mason,  dated  Jan.  1784,  proved  March  1784.  Legatees: 
•wife  Rebecca,  sons  John  and  George,  daughter  Jane  Mason,  Beth  Hays 
150  acres,  William  Adams  50  acres,  Thomas  Jones,  sons  John,  Edmund 
and  Robert,  father  and  mother  still  alive,  "aged  parents"  John  and 
Elizabeth  Mason,  brothers  William  and  John  Mason. 

Will  of  Elizabeth  Wager,  dated  Sept.  1784,  proved  Dec.  1784.  Lega- 
tees: Rebecca  Clack,  Mary  Mooring  eldest  daughter  of  Henry  Smith, 
Elizabeth  Judkins  daughter  of  George  Cryer,  Mary  Smith  daughter  of 
Samuel  Magot,  Nicholas  Cryer,  Rebecca  daughter  of  William  Waller, 
Sally  daughter  of  John  Barnes,  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Ann  Ross,  Ben- 
jamin Chapman,  Samuel  Cryer. 

Will  of  Nathaniel  (X)  Harrison  (in  a  low  state  of  health),  dated  Feb. 
17,  1782,  proved  May  26,  1785.  Legatees:  son  Miles,  wife  Dolly,  sons 
Hubbard  and  William  Batt.  Peterson  and  brother  Richard  Harrison, 
executors. 


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NOTES   AND    QUERIES.  199 

Will  of  Mary  Wynne,  dated  Dec.  1780,  proved  Oct.  1787.  Legatees: 
son  Robert  Powell,  grandson,  son  of  Edward  Powell,  deceased;  grand- 
daughter Mary  wife  of  James  Lee,  grandson  Isaac  son  of  Thomas  Collier, 
granddaughter  Tabitha  Tuell  Powell  daughter  of  Edward  Powell, 
daughter  iMary  wife  of  Robert  Powell,  son  John  Powell,  &c. 

Will  of  Jacob  (X)  Lanier,  dated  Sept.  1788,  proved  Nov.  178S,  Legatees: 
brothers  Thomas  and  Benjamin  Lanier. 

Will  of  William  Batte,  dated  March  1789,  proved  April  1789.  Legatees : 
■wife,  sons  William,  James,  Lewis,  and  Alexander  Watson  Batte,  daughter 
Sarah  Parham  Batte,  daughter  Mary  Batte,  daughter  Elizabeth  Parham 
Batte,  daughter  Frances  Beverley  Batte. 

Will  of  Lewis  Batte,  dated  June  1789,  proved  March  1790.  Legatees: 
Brother  James  Batte,  mother  Sarah  Batte,  sister  Sarah  Batte,  sisters 
Mary,  Elizabeth  Parham  and  Frances  Beverley  Batte,  brother  Alex- 
ander W.  Batte. 

Will  of  Edward  Goodrich,  Sr.,  1790,  daughter  Sarah  Thornton,  &c. 

Will  of  Robert  Rives,  Sr.,  proved  May  24,  1792. 

Will  of  John  Mason,  dated  April  1793,  proved  Aug.  1793.  Legatees: 
brother  Edmunds  Mason,  all  his  slaves,  uncle  William  Harrison,  brother- 
in-law  Isaac  [?]  Maclin. 

Will  of  James  Maclin,  proved  Dec.  1794. 


Notes   from    Goochland    County    Records. 

Deed  Oct.  8,  1734,  from  John  Carter  of  Goochland  to  Thomas  Carter, 
of  same,  conveying  200  acres. 

Will  of  John  Peter  Bondurant,  dated  Spt.e  21,  1734,  proved  Jan.  21, 
1734  (5),  son  John,  land  where  said  John  lives,  sons  Peter  and  Josej)h, 
daughter  Ann  Ford,  wife  Ann.  ,, 

Deed  March  18,  1734,  to  Thomas  Ballew  of  Goochland. 

Inventory  of  Joseph  Watkins,  deceased,  March  1,  1734. 

Deed  from  Arthur  Hopkins  of  Goochland  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  May 
16,  1735,  to  Charles  Lewis,  of  Goochland,  gent. 

Deed,  May  19,  1735,  from  John  Cobb,  of  Goochland.  Signed  "John 
Cobbs." 

Deed  from  Thomas  Carter  to  his  son  Edward,  June  10,  1735. 

Deed,  June  17,  1735,  from  James  Ncvill,  of  Goochland,  to  Michael 
Thomas,  conveying  land  patented  by  said  Nevill  in  1729. 

Deed  March  14,  1734,  from  Josias  Payne  to  George  Payne.  Witnesses: 
Robert  Payne,  George  Payne,  Jr.,  John  Payne. 

Deed  June  10,  1735,  from  Thomas  Carter  and  Susannah  his  wife. 

Deed,  1735,  from  Henry  Hudson  of  Henrico  to  his  brother-in-law 
Thomas  Russell  of  Henrico. 


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200  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Deed,  July  14,  1735,  from  Capt.  James  Holman  of  Goochland. 

Inventory  of  estate  of  Judith  Johns,  dated  July  15,  1735,  25  head  of 
cattle,  &c.,  valued  at  £21.  10.  8. 

Deed,  Feb.  14,  1735,  from  John  Woodson  of  Goochland  to  Stephen 
Bedford,  late  of  Gloucester  Co.,  conveying  350  acres  on  James  River  and 
Deep  Creek. 

Deed  from  John  (X)  Price  and  Hannah  his  wife  of  Henrico,  conveying 
800  acres  in  Goochland,  April  5,  1736. 

Deed  from  Richard  Parker  of  Goochland,  Nov.  IS,  1735. 

Deed  (1735)  from  James  Nevill  of  Goochland  to  James  Daniel  of 
Middlesex,  conveying  land  on  the  south  side  of  Fluvanna  River  in  Gooch- 
land. 


Payne  Portraits. 


In  reference  to  my  promise  to  furnish  you,  for  publication,  the  descend- 
ants of  Archer  Payne,  of  "New  Market,"  Goochland,  and  his  wife 
Martha  Dandridge  [which  will  be  printed  later]. 

By  the  by,  there  are  extant  oil  portraits  of  Archer  Payne  and  his 
wife  and  all  of  their  children.  They  were  painted  by  an  artist,  who  was 
said  to  have  considerable  talent  as  a  painter,  but  it  was  hard  to  keep  him 
sober  enough  to  do  his  work. 

Archer  Payne  is  depicted  with  one  hand  holding  a  sample  of  wheat 
and  the  other  resting  on  the  handle  of  a  plow. 

His  wife  wears  on  her  head  what  the  ladies  of  the  present  day  call  a 
"Crazy  Jane."     She  has  a  waiter  of  peaches. 

Their  oldest  son  Archer  (who  died  without  issue  &  unmarried)  has  a 
gun  &  dog  &  sc^uirrcl,  which  he  has  just  killed. 

Their  oldest  daughter  Anne  Spotswood  (Mrs.  Fleming)  is  dressed  in 
the  fashion  of  the  day  and  with  a  hooped  skirt.     She  has  a  little  dog. 

Dorothea  (Mrs.  Edward  Boiling)  is  quite  beautiful  in  the  picture. 
She  has  a  red  bird  perched  on  her  finger  and  tied  with  a  black  cord. 

Martha  (Mrs.  Strother)  has  a  cat  in  her  picture. 

Jane — Mrs.  Boiling  and  second  Mrs.  Ferguson — has  a  basket  of  fruit. 

There  is  a  large  picture  appearing — my  grandfather  dressed  in  the 
fashion  of  the  day — a  boy  of  some  10  or  12  who  has  been  out  with  his  1  'ow 
and  arrow  and  shot  a  woodpecker  which  he  hands  to  his  little  brother 
(John  Robert  Dandridge  Payne)  who  is  dressed  in  his  shirt  only,  while 
a  negro  nurse  dressed  in  homemade  clothes,  cut  very  simple  &  with  a 
necklace  of  blue  beads  around  her  neck,  is  watching  the  little  boy  as  he 
reaches  for  the  bird. 

Then  there  is  another  large  jncture  of  two  little  girls  with  baskets  of 
roses  and  two  lambs  with  them.  One  of  these  little  girls  was  Catharine, 
who  married  Archibald  Boiling,  and  tlie  other  died  young. 


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'      NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  /Kii  201 

Only  three  of  these  portraits  are  in  my  possession,  but  I  think  it  would 
be  easy  to  have  them  all  photographed. 

As  for  the  descendants  of  Philip  Payne  and  Elizabeth  Dandridge,  I 
will  try  to  get  that  done  by  one  of  their  descendants  who  will  fill  out 
more  completely,  what  I  have  already. 

Jno.  M.  Payne. 


;  G.^RDEN  OF  Prince  Edward  County. 

In  the  year  1773  died  the  Reverend  James  Garden,  minister  of  St. 
Patrick's  parish  in  Prince  Edward  County.  From  Mr.  Garden's  will 
[Pr.  Edward  W.  B.  I.,  156]  it  appears  that  he  left  a  very  good  estate- 
four  plantations  (in  Charlotte  and  Cumberland  covmties)  and  twenty- 
five  negroes.  His  wife  was  named  Sarah,  and  by  her  he  had  five  chil- 
dren: Alexander,  James,  John,  Ann  and  Sarah.  In  his  will  Mr.  Garden 
was  careful  to  direct  his  executors  "that  they  narrowly  look  into  the 
education  of  my  sons."  He  further  specified— "as  to  my  library  my  will 
is  that  none  of  my  books  be  sold,  but  kept  for  a  present  to  be  given  to  that 
son  of  mine  who  inclines  to  be  a  minister  of  the  Church  of  England,  to  be 
directed  in  his  studies  by  the  Reverend  Mr.  James  Craig."  Executors 
named  in  the  will  were  the  Rev.  Mr.  Craig  and  Mr.  Robert  Lawson,  a 
few  years  later  General  Lawson  of  the  Virginia  line.  Bishop  Meade 
[Vol.  I,  p.  484]  mentions  Mr.  Craig,  who  'united  the  practice  of  medicine 
with  the  duties  of  the  ministry;  his  glebe  was  larger  and  better  than  most 
of  those  in  the  state  and  he  was  a  better  manager.  He  had  a  mill  of  his 
own,  which  Tarleton,  knowing  Mr.  Craig  to  be  a  true  American,  took  in 
his  route  and  destroyed.'  Mr.  Craig  was  minister  of  Cumberland  par- 
ish, Lunenlmrg  County,  and  perhaps  served  for  a  time  at  Cornwall  parish, 
Charlotte  County. 

So  far  as  is  known,  none  of  Mr.  Garden's  sons  became  a  minister.  It 
was  perhaps  his  son  Alexander  who  was  long  a  physician  in  Charlotte 
county.  There  was  a  bias  towards  medicine  in  the  family,  if  the  local 
tradition  was  according  to  the  fact— that  James  Garden,  minister  of  St. 
Patrick's,  was  a  brother  or  near  relation  of  the  celebrated  physician  and 
botanist  Alexander  Garden  of  Charleston  in  South  Carolina,  who,  born 
in  Scotland,  was  a  royalist  during  the  Revolution,  left  the  country  for 
England,  and  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society. 

A  descendant  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Garden  married  into  the  family  of  Wood- 
son of  Prince  Edward  County,  who  were  skilled  in  the  management  of 
land  and  in  the  care  of  fruit  trees  and  vines.  The  Spring  Hill  Nurseries, 
under  the  direction  first  of  Woodsons  and  then  of  Gardens,  were  pretty 
well  known  in  this  region  before  the  Civil  War,  and  even  after  the  war. 

A.  J.  Morrison, 
,         ,  Prince  Edward  County. 


lo 


202  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

European  Tr.\vi;i,lers  in  Virginia  1769-1802.         * 

From  November  1908  to  January  1909,  the  undersigned  ran  a  series  of 
twelve  articles  in  the  Sunday  Ti>iies-Dispatch,  under  the  caption  "Travels 
in  Virginia  in  Revolutionary  Times."  The  books,  some  account  of  the 
Virginia  chapters  of  which  was  given,  were  those  by  John  F.  D.  Smyth 
[1769-1776];  Thomas  Anburey  [1778-1779];  the  Marquis  of  Chastellux 
[1782];  Dr.  Johann  David  Schoepf  [1783];  Count  Luigi  Castiglioni  [1786]; 
Dr.  Thomas  Coke,  the  great  missionary  [1785-1791];  Captain  F.  M. 
Bayard,  late  of  the  French  army  [1791];  Isaac  Weld,  a  clever  Irishman 
[1796];  the  Duke  of  La  Rochefoucauld-Liancourt  [1796];  John  Davis  of 
Salisbury,  a  man  of  letters  professionally  [1801-1802]. 

It  may  be  as  well  to  file  a  note  regarding  a  few  other  travellers  in  Vir- 
ginia of  this  period: — The  Abbe  Robin  (translation  by  Philip  Freneau, 
Philadeljjhia  1783)  was  with  the  French  troops,  and  gives  some  particu- 
lars of  the  road  from  Klaryland  to  YorktowTi — Dr.  Thomas  Cooper's 
Sone  Information  Respecting  America  [Dublin  1794]  contains  at  p.  95  fif,  a 
list  of  j)rices  current  at  Norfolk  recorded  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Toulmin. 
[This  list  has  been  published  in  part,  Magazine  XVII,  95.] — Brissot  de 
Warville  (2nd  ed.  London  1794],  was  at  Alexandria  and  Mount  Vernon — 
Henry  Wansey  [Journal  of  an  Excursion  the  Summer  of  1794,  Salisbury 
1796]  was  at  the  Federal  City— Francis  Bailey  [London  1856]  was  at 
Norfolk  in  1796,  finding  prices  there  already  higher  than  those  listed  by 
Dr.  Cooper.  Bailey,  a  very  young  man  (later  an  eminent  astronomer) 
went  from  Norfolk  to  Baltimore  by  packet  boat,  and  thence  to  the 
Mississippi  country — Volney  in  his  Tableau  du  Climat  et  dti  Sol  des 
Etats-Unis  (Paris  1803),  mentions  that  he  was  at  Richmond,  Vol.  I,  p.  7, 
and  at  Stalmton,  Vol.  II,  p.  384.  From  the  nature  of  his  work  Volney 
gives  little  of  the  anecdotal  or  parochial.  His  attempt  to  interpret 
West  Virginia  literally  gives  nomenclature,  like  Ouarm-Sprigne  [Warm 
Spring],  Agrine-Braiar,  Chinando  [a  further  variant  of  Shenandoah). 
Why  Volney  should  call  Washington,  "Gen.  Ouachinton,"  it  is  difficult 
to  imagine.  Perhaps  it  was  because  the  administration,  as  he  hints,  was 
severe  with  him. 

Somebody  who  has  the  money  to  spend  could  amuse  himself  very  much 
to  the  purpose  by  making  a  collection  of  all  these  extremely  interesting 
books,  and  then  have  published  a  thick  volume  made  up  of  the  Virginia 
items  set  down  by  these  observers  from  abroad. 
Hampden- Sidney,  Va.  A.  J.  Morrison. 


The  King  Family. 


Airs.  Edward  Feldhauscr  (Goode  King  Feldhauser)  of  St.  Paul,  Minne- 
sota, is  compiling  a  genealogy  of  the  King  family  in  general.  Space  will 
be  given  to  the  Clifton,  Grymes,  Nicholas  and  Wiles  families. 


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III 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  ■"  203 

Robert  King  (son  of  Francis  King  who  came  to  Virginia  headrights  of 
Giles  Brent  1653)  married  Elizabeth  Brooke,  daughter  of  Robert  Brooke, 
of  Maryland.  Robert  King  owned  land  in  Stafford  county  1608.  He  had 
many  sons,  among  whom  were,  Robert,  William,  George,  Joseph,  Ben- 
jamin and  John. 

William  King  (Robert  Francis)  married  Judith  Peyton.  Issue:  four 
daughters.  Sons:  1.  Thomas;  2.  William  Alfred,  who  married  Sophia 
Burgess  and  had:  Valentine;  George;  William;  John;  Walter;  Cyrus; 
Josiah;  Elias;  Daniel;  Anne  and  Judith. 

William  King  (Alfred,  William,  Robert),  married  Elizabeth  Edwards 
in  Stafford  co.  1738.  Issue:  John;  Valentine,  b.  1739,  who  died  in  Nelson 
CO.  Ky  leaving  a  will;  3.  William,  born  Stafford  co.  1745,  who  married 
Letitia  Bland.  He  was  a  distinguished  man  in  Nelson  co.  Ky.  and  was 
the  founder  of  a  notable  line  in  Kentucky  and  Louisiana;  4.  Withers,  who 

married  Sarah ?  in  Stafford  county,  and  died  in  Nelson  co.  Ky. 

leaving  a  will,  and  left  a  long  line  of  descendants,  one  of  whom  was  Yelvcr- 
ton  Peyton  King,  bom  Nelson  co.  1794.  5.  Nimrod,  of  whom  nothing  is 
known  save  that  he  fought  in  the  Revolution.  Information  much  de- 
sired regarding  him.  6.  Elizabeth  who  married  an  Owens.  7.  Judith, 
who  probably  married  a  Brent.  8.  John  Edwards  King,  b.  1757,  of  whom 
so  much  has  been  written.  He  fought  in  the  Revolution,  was  a  general 
at  Battle  of  the  Thames,  1812.  Married  Sarah  Clifton,  daughter  of 
Burdette  Clifton. 

There  were  several  Yelverton  Peyton  Kings,  all  bom  between  years 
1794  and  1797,  in  Kentucky,  Virginia,  Alabama.  Information  desired 
from  descendants  of  each.  Address  Goode  King  Feldhauser,  The  Aber- 
deen Hotel,  St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 


NORVELL. 

1.  William  Norvell  of  James  City  County,  Va.  died  22nd  of  Novem- 
ber, 1802,  in  the  77th  year  of  his  age.  (Poulsons  Advertiser  (Phila.)  8th 
of  Dec.  1802.) 

2.  Captain  William  Norvell,  Sr.,  marries  Anne,  dau.  of  Col.  Juhn 
Wyatt.     (Sketches  and  Recollections  of  Lynchburg.) 

What  relation  were  the  above  to  each  other;  and  can  any  one  give  in- 
formation as  to  the  names  of  the  parents  of  either  or  both?  The  first 
above  was  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  1775-1776.  The  second 
William  Norvell  was  from  the  County  of  Amherst  and  President  of  the 
Bank  of  Virginia  in  Lynchburg. 


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204  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


GENEALOGY. 


'  The  Black  well  Family. 

(By  Miss   Stella   Pickett  Hardy,    Batesville,   Ark.) 
(Continued) 
7-9.     Davenport  Lee  Blackwell,  b.  1874. 
7-10.     Eleanor  Foote  Blackwell,  b.  1875. 
7-11.     Edith  Sumpter  Blackwell,  b.  1876. 
7-12.     Karl  Sigismund  Blackwell,  b.  1879. 
6-4.     Benjamin  Blackwell,  b.  1825. 
6-5.     Ann  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.  1826. 
6-6.     Rebecca  Blackwell,  b.  1828;  d.  1832. 
6-7.     George  William  Blackwell,  b.  1831;  d.  1833. 
5-4.     Agatha  Blackwell,  b.  1792;  m.  Major  Enoch  Jeffries,  of  Fauquier 

Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
5-5.  Lucy  Blackwell,  b.  1793;  d.  1879;  m.  1809,  Col.  William  Rowley 
Smith,  of  Fauciuier  Co.,  b.  1781;  d.  1857;  son  of  William  &  Elizabeth 
(Doniphan)  Smith;  Col.  Smith  commanded  a  Co.  of  Cav.  in  War  of 
1812:  Col.  of  Fauquier  Militia,  1815;  Member  of  Virginia  Legislature 
three  terms;  had  issue  19  children. 

5-6.     William  Blackwell,  b.  1800;  m.  1819,  Anne  Spark  Gordon,  daughter 
of  Churchill  &  Anne  (Sparke)  Gorgon,  of  Culpeper  Co.,  Va.,  Issue. 
6-1.     Ann  Eliza  Blackwell,  b.  1822;  d.  1854;  m.  1837,  John  Marshall, 
b.  1811;  d.  1854;  son  of  Thomas  &  Margaret  (Lewis)  Marshall,  of 
Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
6-2.     Joseph  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.  1824;  m.  Amanda  Hudson,  and  had 
issue, 

7-1.     Joseph  Eustace  Blackwell. 
7-2.     Anne  Eliza  Blackwell. 
6-3.     James  Gordon  Blackwell,  b.  1826. 
6-4.     Harriet  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.   1828;  m.   Dr.   Douglas  Moxley, 

and  had  issue. 
6-5.     Lucy  Harrison  Gordon  Blackwell,  b.  1830;  m.  Dr.  John  Daniel 

Payne,  and  had  issue. 
6-6.     William  Sparkes  Blackwell,  C.  S.  A.,  of  Prince  William  Co.,  Va., 
b.  1832;  m.  1855,  Julia  Travers  Nutt,  b.  1836;  daughter  of  Moncure 
Conway  &  Anne  Eustace  (Smith)  Nutt;  and  had  issue, 
7-1.     William  Moncure  Blackwell. 
7-2.     Ann  Conway  Blackwell,  m.  Rev.  Robert  B.  White. 


'A  yS) 


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AS 


all'    <>/    a  iTfiioA  .v>« 


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GENEALOGY.  205 

7-3.  Churchill  Gordon  Blackwell,  m.  Lucy  Douglas  Moxley, daugh- 
ter of  Dr.  Douglas  &  Harriet  Eustace  (Blackwell)  Moxley,  and 
had  issue. 

7-4.     Leroy  Moncure  Blackwell.  ,.•.■,     ■.;■:, 

7-5.     Richard  Smith  Blackwell. 
6-7.     Sarah  Agnes  Blackwell,  m.  Isham  Keith,  C.  S.  A.,  of  Faucjuier 

Co.,  Va.,  son  of  Isham  &  Juliet  (Chilton)  Keith,  of  Fauquier  Co., 

Va.,  and  had  issue. 
5-7.     James  Blackwell,  of  "The  Meadows"  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  ISOo; 
d.  1864;  m.  1831,  Elizabeth  Carter,  b.  1808;  d.  1884;  daughter  of  Moore 
Fauntleroy  &  Judith  Lee  (Edmonds)  Carter,  Issue. 
6-1.     Joseph  Hancock   Blackwell,   b.   1832;  d.    1005;  m.    (first)    1856, 

Roberta  Edmond,  b.  1837;  d.  1884;  (second)  Mollie  Saunders,  and 

had  issue  by  1st  m. 

7-1.  Helen  Madge  Blackwell,  b.  1858;  m.  1879,  Charles  Perry,  and 
had  issue  1.  Vivian  Perry;  2.  Maud  Perry;  3.  Edna  Perry;  4.  Mamie 
Perry;  5.  Edith  Perry;  6.  Charles  Perry;  7.  Ernest  Perry. 

7-2.     Edward  Claxton  Blackwell,  b.  1863. 

7-3.  Josephine  Moore  Blackwell,  b.  1865;  m.  William  Garth,  and 
had  issue  1.  Robert  Garth;  2.  Mary  Garth;  3.  William  Garth;  4. 
Lewis  Garth;  5.  Woods  Garth;  6.  Hugh  Garth;  7.  Daisy  Garth. 

7-4.     Ernest  Evor  Blackwell,  b.  1868; 

Issue  by  2nd  m. 

7-5.     William  Carter  Blackwell,  b.  1885. 

7-6.     Paulina  Carter  Blackwell,  b.  1887. 
6-2.     Moore  Carter  Blackwell,  C.  S.  A.,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  1833; 

living;  m.  1854,  Sarah  Alexander  Foote,  b.  1831;  daughter  of  Richard 

H.  &  Frances  (Grayson)  Foote,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  Issue, 

7-1.     James  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.  1855;  m.  (first)  1880,  Lula  McLean 
(second)  Eleanor  Riggs;  Issue  b}'  1st  m. 
8-1.     Wilmer  Carter  Blackwell,  b.  1880. 
8-2.     Fannie  Grayson  Blackwell,  b.  1882. 
Issue  by  2nd  m. 
8-3.     Lewis  Riggs  Blackwell,  b.  1S92. 

7-2.     Elizabeth  Moore  Blackwell,  b.  1857;  unm., 

7-3.  Fanny  Grayson  Blackwell,  b.  1858;  m.  1882,  Elias  Edmonds 
Blackwell,  b.  1852;  son  of  James  DeRughter  &  Judith  Emma  (Ed- 
monds) Blackwell.     Issue 

8-1.  Estell  Foote  Blackwell,  b.  1883;  m.  1903,  Brooks  Johnson, 
and  had  issue  1.  Brooks  Johnson,  Jr.,  b.  1905;  2.  Virginia  Black- 
well  Johnson,  b.  1908.  ,  , ,.<!!•..    ■      • 

8-1.     Elizabeth  Blackwell,  b.  1885.  '  '•    '    '    • 

7-4.  Mary  James  Blackwell,  b.  1861 ;  m.  1885,  Dr.  Thomas  W.  Smith, 
son  of  Anderson  Doniphan  &  vSusan  (Norman)  Smith,  and  had 
issue.  •  ,  •  .,' 


,zm\  «i  .kv  .  oO 


I  r.      , ,  -i 


j-sr 


^hnonth5' 


206  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  '" 

7-5.     Edward  Maurice  Blackwell,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  U.  S.  Navy,  b. 
1865;  Volunteered  his  services  to  the  U.  S.,  at  the  beginning  of  the 
Spanish  American  War;  was  appointed  Assistant  Surgeon  U.  S. 
Navy,  Apr.  25,  1898;  served  through  the  war  in  the  West  Indies, 
on  the  U.  S.  S.  Vulcan;  promoted  1908  to  Surgeon,  with  rank  of 
Lieut. -Commander;  m.  1897,  Mary  Bowen;  no  issue. 
7-6.     Lucian  Alexander  Blackwell,  b.  1-866;  unm. 
-      7-7.     Richardetta  Henry  Blackwell,  b.  1868;  m.  1898;  Willis  Carter. 
■      7-8.     Eva  Ashton  Blackwell,  b.  1872. 

7-9.     Mildred  Chancellor  Blackwell,  b.  1874;  m.  1897,  William  Stan- 
ley Himtlan,  and  had  issue. 
6-3.     Elizabeth  Carter  Blackwell,  b.  1837;  m.  1858,  Maj.  Albert  Galla- 
tin Smith,  C.  S.  A.,  son  of  Col.  William  Rowley  &  Lucy  (Blackwell) 
Smith,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 
6-4.     Agnes  Ettstace  Blackwell,  b.  1840;  m.  (first)  1866,  Isaac  Eustace 
Smith,  C.  S.  A.,  b.  1837;  d.  1874;  son  of  Col.  William  Rowley  &  Lucy 
(Blackwell)  Smith,  (second)  1887,  Washington  Tazewell  Capps,  of 
Lambert  Point,  Va.,  and  had  issue. 

6-5.     Lucy  Steptoe  Blackwell,  b.  1845;  m.  1879,  Alexander  Fontain 
Rose,  b.  1843;  and  had  issue. 
6-6.     Mary  James  Blackwell,  b.  1847;  d.  1860. 
5-8.     Elizabeth  Blackwell,  b.  1807;  d.  young. 
5-9.     Samuel  Blackwell,  b.  1809;  d.  young. 
4-7.     George  Steptoe  Blackwell,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  1753;  d.  after 
1787;  m.  unknown,  and  had  issue, 

(To  be  Concluded) 


The  Ancestors  and  Descendants  of  John  Rolfe  with  Notes  on  some 
Connected  Families. 
The  Fleming  Family. 

(Continued) 

10.     Thomas^  Fleming;  b. ,  d.  1777;  was  never  married.     Thomas 

Fleming,  resided  in  Goochland  County,  where  he  owned  two  plantations, 
"Dover,"  and  another  on  Little  Lickinghole  Creek.  He  was  commis- 
sioned a  lieutenant  in  the  Virginia  Regulars,  May  26,  1757,  and  for  sev- 
eral years  served  in  the  French  and  Indian  War.  In  June  1759,  when  his 
will  was  written,  he  describes  himself  as  "Captain  in  the  frontier  battal- 
lion  of  Virginia  forces."  In  August  1758,  he  was  included  in  a  return, 
as  a  captain  in  Byrd's  regiment,  then  stationed  at  Fort  Cumberland 
{Campbell's  History  of  Va.,  500).  There  are  also  on  record  in  the  \'ir- 
ginia  Land  Office,  several  bounty  warrants  to  men  who  were  privates  in 
his  company,  in  one  instance  described  as  "Captain  Thomas  Fleming's 
Company,  first  Virginia  regiment,"  and  in  another,  as  in  Byrd's  regiment. 


1o 


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a» 


jr  fi.':  IK  r.ju:   '.JfOttuasi  i:ir 


JIHT 


GENEALOGY.  M^<•^^>N*' 


207 


Captain  Fleming  doubtless  served  to  the  end  of  the  War,  and  then  re 
-     turned  to  Goochland;  where  he  served  as  high  sheriff  in  1769.     Like  all 
,        of  h  .  family  he  took  an  active  part  in  favor  of  American  rights  a^^ains 

S^fetvln  1?75  7w  '  "7.'7  V""'  ^°°^^^^^  ^^^^^  Committee 
Safety  m  1775  (Wm.  and  Mary  Quarterly,  V,  254)  At  the  first  call  to 
arms  he  re-entered  the  military  service,  and  in  July  1775  was  in  comn  Ind 
of  a  company  of  rnmute  men  from  his  county,  statlned  at  VVniiamsTurg 
(Document  m  Rd.  Standard).  Has  record  as  an  officer  in  the  French 
and  Indian  War  must  have  been  a  good  one,  for  on  January  12th  i?76 
.he  Virgmia  Convention  elected  him  Colonel  of  the  Ninth  Virginil  re.i 

uTGj""'"f  f  f---."'-")-     His  commission  was  dated  A^ch  2d' 
177G   iJo:^rnal  of  Comnnttee  of  Safety).     He   had   been  assigned  to  the 

4    r^r    t.   '/''"""'  '°  '^  ^'^^^^"^^  °"  ^^-  Eastern  Shore  for  on  Feb 

14    luiy,  the  Committee  had  ordered  that  Col.  Fleming,  of  the  Eastern 

Shore  regiment,   be  called  into  duty  immediately.     Col.   Fleminflt 

once  repaired  to  his  post,  and  remained  in  comnLd  in  that  section 

through  the  remainder  of  the  year.     A  return  of  his  regimen    dated  Mav 

31st  was  laid  before  Congress  June  19,  and  on  June  21.  tLt  body  d  'ec  td 

powder  to  be  sent  to  Col   Thos.  Fleming's  regiment  on  the  Eastern  Shore 

ot  Virgmia  {Forces  Arclnves)  John  Page,  President  of  the  Virginia  Coun! 

cil.  m  a  letter  dated  July  12.  1776,  states  that  shortly  before!  there  hTd 

been  an  uprising  of  Tones  on  the  Eastern  Shore  of  Alaryland,  and  that 

Col.  Thomas  Fleming  had  marched  with  a  force  of  120  men    and  sup 

pressed  .t  {Force)      On  Dec.  6th,  Col.  Fleming  issued  an  orde    that  the 

officers  and  men  of  the  9th  regiment  who  were  absent  on  leave  sLZl 

return  at  once,  or  join  on  the  march  to  Philadelphia,  the  regiment  being 

ordered  to  reinforce  General  Washington  {Force).     A  letter  i^  the  vfr- 

U™9th  v""''  '^''''^^^''^'  J^""^^y  2d.  1777.  says  "This  we  k 

the  9th  Virgmia  regiment,  Col.  Thomas  Fleming,  arrived  in  the  city." 
Col.  Fleming  died  not  long  after  this,  but  whether  in  action,  or  of  dis- 

.Ta  T    ^nT  'T''  ^"  ''^  ^-   '■   ^^^^  Department,  n^r  the  V  r- 
ginia  Land  Office  show.     Most  probably,  however,  it  was  the  latter 
On  March  16.  1784^  the  State  of  Virginia  granted  the  rcpreenativ      of 
Thomas  Fleming,  Esq.,  6666f  acres  of  land  for  his  services  as  a  colone 
m  the  Continental  Line.     These  representatives,  as  appears  by  a  cert 
ficate  of  their  uncle  Wm.  Fleming,  were  AL.ry,  wife  of  Warner  Lewis  Esa 
and  ^isanna,  wife  of  Addison  Lewis,  Esq.,  only  surviving  dau^'efs  of 
John  F  eming   deceased,  eldest  brother  of  the  said  Col.  Thomas  Flemng 
{Records  of  Va.  Land  Office).  ^ 

The  will  of  Thomas  Fleming,  "Captain  in  the  frontier  Battalion  of 

]Zn^%  TT.  V  'k'  ^r  '^''  '''''  ^"^  P^°-d  -  Goochland 
PI      '^    JL  ^  ^''  ^'■°*^'''  ^^^'''^'"  ^^00'  ^-"^t  money;  brother 

Richard  £150  current;  brother  Charles  £150  current.     Gave  £100    in 
nist    o  purchase  slaves  for  his  sister  Mary  Bernard,  and  £100 In  tni  t 
for     he  same  purpose,  for  his  sister  CaroUne  Deans.     Brother  John 
residuary  legatee.     Brothers  John  and  William,  executors 


•JO  ."^j.-.ty  Hi  luti'rf. 


?ii«i  .T"~r 


^ifU'j'nvi  .i!u. 


208  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  '' 

11.  Charles^  Fleming;  b. — ;  d.  about  1793  (dateof  will),  never  married. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution,  Charles  Fleming  commanded  a 
company  of  minute  men  raised  in  Cumberland  County.  On  Feb.  5,  1776, 
the  Committee  of  Safety  of  that  county  elected  him  captain  of  the  com- 
pany of  regulars  to  be  raised  in  the  county,  and  he  is  stated  to  have  been 
at  the  time  of  this  election,  captain  of  a  minute  compemy  {Journal  of 
Climb.  Committee).  On  March  4th,  1775,  a  return  of  his  company  was 
received  by  the  general  Committee  of  Safety,  and  he  had  leave  to  sus- 
pend the  march  of  his  company  one  week  after  his  return  from  William.s- 
burg  to  Cumberland,  to  give  him  time  to  furnish  them  with  arms  and 
necessaries;  at  the  same  time  warrants  were  issued  for  the  pay  of  himself 
and  company,  described  as  of  the  7th  regiment,  and  it  was  directed  that 
commissions  should  be  issued  to  him  and  his  subalterns,  to  be  dated 
Feb.  29,  1776.  A  statement  of  his  services  from  the  records  of  the  U.  S. 
War  Department  is  as  follows  "It  is  shown  by  the  records  that  Charles 
Fleming  served  as  a  captain  in  the  7th  Virginia  regiment  of  foot,  com- 
manded by  Colonel  Alexander  McClenahan,  and  also  by  Lieutenant 
Colonel  Holt  Richeson,  Revolutionary  War.  His  name  appears  on  the 
rolls  of  that  regiment  from  June  1777,  to  May  1778.  He  is  also  borne  as  a 
captain  on  the  rolls  of  the  3d  and  7th  V^irginia  regiments,  commanded 
by  Lieutenant  Colonel  Heth,  for  the  months  of  July  and  August,  1778. 
He  is  reported  as  having  been  comissmoned  February  29,  1776. 

It  is  also  shown  by  the  records  that  Charles  Fleming  served  as  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  the  8th  Virginia  regiment,  commanded  by  Colonel 
James  Wood.  His  name  appears  on  the  rolls  of  that  regiment  to  Septem- 
ber 1779.  The  records  shown  him  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel 
June  28,  1778,  and  resigned  December  15,  1778." 

Heitman  states  that  he  was  major  4th  Va.;  Lieutenant-Colonel  3d,  Va. 
2Sth  June,  1778,  and  transferred  to  8th.  Va.,  14th  Sept.,  1778. 

After  he  retired  from  the  regular  army  Colonel  Fleming  was  frequently 
in  service  with  the  Virignia  militia.  Several  letters,  which  have  been 
printed  in  Vol.  I,  Calendar  of  Virginia  State  Papers,  show  something 
in  regard  to  this  service. 

The  letters  are  as  follows:  , 

{  .     .  "Chas.  Fleming  to  the  Governor" 

j         .        '  "Tuckahoe,  Jan.  1st.  1781. 

!■  Sir 

;  I  left  the  enemies  lines  at  Westham  yesterday  evening  a  little  before 

j  sunset.     Their  proceedings  there  you  are  no  doubt  well  acquainted  with. 

i  There  will  be  a  very  considerable  Body  of  Militia  will  be  collected  be- 

tween this  &  Westham,  in  the  course  of  the  day — It  appears  to  be  wish  of 
all  parties,  that  Colo.  Nicholas  &  my  self  shall  take  command  of  them 
as  field  officers  &  as  I  am  informed  by  Mr.  Webb,  it  is  your  determina- 
tion with  the  advice  of  Council  that  the  Militia,  on  the  present  alarming 
occasion,  will  be  officered  as  before,  with  respect  to  the  field  officers — 


.fAisADAU  dkomor-'     -'oaiv  BOS 


^V  .bZ  i 


-Ti 


...  n« 

^  -tifi 


GENEALOGY.  .;  ,  ,  209 

I  am  ready  and  will  at  all  times  Sir,  to  render  any  and  every  service 
to  my  Country  in  my  power.  As  I  have  no  commission  of  any  sort,  dont 
doubt  but  you  will  think  with  me,  that  it  is  necessary  I  should  have  a 
commission,  or  some  writing  under  your  signature  for  my  taking  com- 
mand with  propriety.     1  am.  Sir,  Yr:  most  obt.  lible  Servt" 

"Quarters  near  Manakin-town  Ferry,  January  8th,  1781,  Colo.  Chas. 
Fleming  to  Col:  Davies,  at  Briton's  Ferry— sending  the  Governor's 
letter  to  Genl.  Steuben,  with  a  wagon  load  of  Ammunition  from  the  other 
side  to  be  forwarded  by  Col:  Davies — has  just  sent  a  load  to  Richmond 
also  for  Genl.  Nelson — has  with  him  two  hundred  and  twenty  men,  arm- 
ing by  companies,  who  will  march  to  Westham  in  due  order  as  soon  as 
ready." 

"Manchester  January  lOth,  17S1.    '■ 
Col:  Charles  Fleming  to  Col:  Davies — 

'We  arrived  here  last  night,  &  in  conseciuence  of  the  want  of  house- 
room  for  the  men,  they  had  a  very  disagreeable  night,  seven  of  them 
taken  sick.  I  shall  proceed  on  my  march  as  soon  as  they  are  got  com- 
fortably dried,  and  get  their  breakfast.'  Is  much  in  want  of  wagons 
and  Camp  Kettles.  Concludes 'the  Governor  lodged  on  this  side  last 
night,  whom  I  have  seen.  He  informs  me  the  enemy  were  yesterday 
lying  still  at  &  about  Colo.  Harrison's  Mills,  that  they  surprised  & 
routed  abt.  100  foot  &  25  horse,  at  Charles  City,  the  night  before— he 
hadn't  heard  what  loss  they  sustained.  There  is  a  report  that  they 
are  intrenching,  but  by  no  means  authentick.  Col:  Nicholas  is  at  Mr. 
James  Cocke's  at  Malburn  Hills  with  between  3  &•  400  men.'  He  is 
informed  there  are  forty-five  Beeves  at  Richmond,  and  a  large  quantity 
of  flour  in  Mayo's  Mills  in  Manchester." 

"Col.  Chas.  Fleming  to  Gov:  Jefferson 

Camp,  Holts  Forge,  January  17,  1781. 
Sir 

I  am  now  with  the  Troops  under  my  Command  at  this  place  by  order 
of  Genl.  Nelson.  I  have  to  inform  your  Excellency,  that  there  is  not  a 
fourth  part  of  the  Regt.  supplied  with  Ammunition  &  as  I  am  ordered  by 
the  Genl:  to  join  the  Baron  &  begin  my  march  early  tomorrow,  unless 
ammunition  is  sent  me,  or  ordered  to  follow  me,  I  shall  find  myself  in 
rather  an  awkward  situation.  Your  Excellency  will  no  doubt  consider 
this  matter  &  inform  me  by  Mr.  Bates,  who  I  have  (iis[)atche(l  with  this, 
&  who  will  join  me  on  my  march.  The  situation  of  the  Regt.  being  com- 
posed of  Goochland  &  Hanover  Militia,  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  acquaint 
you  with.  The  numerous  applications  for  leave  of  absence  are  not  un- 
common; but  when  I  reflect  that  there  is  scarce  a  man  left  in  those 
Counties,  that  a  considerable  number  have  just  returned  from  their 
tour  of  duty  &  many  have  now  substitutes  in  actual  service,  that  not 


•  IBTI  ,TJ  Yin»a«(  .«a"«o'^  zJlolJ 


(oD 


1.3 
1 


210  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

more  than  half  having  been  first  called  out,  the  rest  were  hurried  precipi- 
tately from  home,  totally  unprovided  for  a  Campaign  of  any  continuance, 
I  cannot  think  their  complaints  entirely  groundless.  Your  Excellency 
may  rest  assured  I  do  my  utmost  endeavors  to  silence  their  murmers  & 
to  impress  them  with  a  sence  of  the  necessity  of  their  continuing  in  ser- 
vice, but  still  I  can  by  no  means  continue  a  Stranger  to  their  complaints. 
Might  I  have  liberty  to  observe  on  this  occasion,  it  should  be,  that  I  fear 
the  Militia  of  these  two  Counties,  will,  on  any  future  emergency,  be  with 
infinite  diflficulty  drawn  out,  unless  (as  they  wish  for)  those  who  did  their 
tour  of  duty  in  the  last  invasion,  might  be  discharged,  as  soon  as  the 
situation  of  aftairs  will  admit  &  from  what  I  can  gather  in  Wmsburg, 
there  are  nearly  Militia  enough  to  oppose  the  Enemies  designs,  already 
in  service,  and  more  expected  from  the  back  countries. 

Your  Excellency  will  consider  if  it  may  not  be  necessary  to  give  them 
some  kind  of  promise  this  on  head.  Every  exertion,  in  my  power,  shall  be 
used  to  quiet  their  minds,  &  I  hope  I  may  stand  excused  in  making  you 
acquainted  with  these  circumstances. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be  with  very  great  respect. 

Your  Excellency's  mo.  Obt.  svt., 

Chas.  Fleming 

Lt  Colo.  Commdg." 

<» 

These  letters  were  written  during  Arnold's  invasion  of  Virginia. 
From  the  words  "officered  as  before,"  included  in  the  first  letter  it  is 
probable  that  Col.  Fleming  held  command  in  the  large  force  of  militia 
called  out  to  resist  the  attack  made  in  17S0.  Too  little  is  known  in  regard 
to  the  7000  militia  under  General  Nelson,  who  were  at  Yorktown,  to 
speak  positively;  but  there  can  be  but  little  doubt  that  Chas.  Fleming 
also  commanded  a  regiment  there. 

During  the  latter  part  of  his  life  Col.  Fleming  lived  at  "Summerville," 
Chesterfield  County,  the  home  of  his  brother.  Judge  Wm.  Fleming. 
His  will,  dated  Oct.  8,  1793,  was  recorded  in  Chesterfield.  He  gave  his 
real  estate  in  Kentucky  to  his  brother  Wm.  Fleming,  and  nephews  John 
and  Richard  Bernard,  in  tnist,  for  his  creditors  and  to  pay  legacies. 
This  real  estate  consisted  of  18,000  acres  in  the  county  of  Mason  on  the 
waters  of  the  Ohio  River;  another  of  20,000  acres,  in  the  same  county 
and  on  the  same  waters,  and  another  of  10,191  acres  in  the  same  county, 
at  the  mouth  of  Glen's  Creek,  about  four  miles  from  Frankfort.  Only 
one  half  of  these  tracts  of  land  belonged  to  him,  however.  Of  his  share 
he  gave  one  fifth  to  his  nieces  Mary  and  Susanna  Lewis;  two  fifths  to  the 
same  trustees  for  his  sister  Mary  Bernard  and  her  children  and  the  re- 
maining two  fifths  to  his  brother  Wm.  Fleming. 

(To  be  Continued)       ' 


awiSAdA 


(ft  ot 


n 


GENEALOGY.  • '  '    '■?  211 

The   Harrison    Family   of    Nortiilrn   Virginia. 

'      •  (Continued)  •  '    ,/  >  • 

Corrections  and  Additions. 
Mr.  H.  T.  Harrison,  author  of  "A  Brief  History  of  the  First  Harri.sons 
of  Virginia"  states  in  reference  to  tlie  review  published  in  January,  that 
his  book  does  not  claim  that  the  descendants  of  Cuthbcrt  Harrison  were 
the  first  Harrisons  in  Virginia  and  that  the  reference  to  the  parish  reg- 
ister and  Chappawamsic  does  not  refer  to  the  English  register  but  to  that 
of  Dettingen  parish  in  Virginia. 

We  are  indebted  to  Dr.  H.  J.  Berkeley,  Baltimore,  for  the  following 
additional  entries  in  the  register  of  the  parish  of  St.  Margarets,  West- 
minster: Jany  11th  1607,  baptised  Cuthbert  son  of  Cuthbert  Harrison, 
and  Alexander  Harrison  son  of  Cuthbert  and  Susan  Harrison  was  bap- 
tized at  St.  Margarets,  Westminster  1644. 

The  first  entry  evidently  gives  the  birth  of  the  father  of  Cuthbert  who 
came  to  Virginia,  and  the  last  gives  the  birth  of  a  younger  brother  of  the 
emigrant,  and  also  (probably)  the  Christian  name  of  his  mother. 

Dr.  Berkely  also  states  that  Susanna,  daughter  of  Thos.  Harrison,  Jr., 
of  Chappawamsic,  married  (1)  Moses  Linton,  gent.,  of  Prince  William 
Co.  and  (2)  John  Berkely. 

A  lady  writing  from  Florida  states  that  she  has  a  copy  of  an  old  record, 
written  by  a  granddaughter  of  Burr  Harrison  (named  in  the  following 
extract),  which  states  that  "Thomas  Harrison  from  England  [an  error, 
of  course]  settled  in  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  and  had  the  following  children: 
1.  Thomas,  moved  to  Ky.  "and  Harrison  Co.  was  named  for  him,  and 
Cynthiana,  the  county  seat  for  his  two  daughters."  He  had  one  son 
Benjamin  and  probably  other  sons;  2.  Benjamin;  3.  William,  who  was 
killed  by  his  negroes  in  Virginia;  4.  Burr,  bom  1738,  died  1822  in  Chester 
District,  S.  C,  served  in  the  Revolution  under  General  La  Fayette,  at 
Yorktown;  married  Elizabeth  Dargan,  of  Sumter  District,  S.  C;  5. 
Nancy,  married  Mr.  Quartie  (?)  of  Va.;  6.  Molly  married  Mr.  Gillison 

of  Va.;  7.  Susan  married  Mr.  Gibson  of  Va.;  8. ,  married  Mr.  Faulke 

[Fowke]  of  Va.  This  account,  though  containing  some  errors  as  tonanies, 
confirms  the  conjecture  that  Burr  Harrison,  of  South  Carolina,  was  a  son 
of  6.  Thomas^  Harrison  (XXIII,  332). 

From  another  lady  in  the  South,  the  following  (derived  from  the  War 
Department)  as  to  the  Revolutionary  service  of  Burr  Harrison;  served  as 
a  corporal  in  Capt.  Richard  Lee's  company  and  in  Capt.  Francis  Mercer's 
company,  3d  Va.  Regiment,  commanded  at  various  times  by  Col.  Thomas 
Marshall  and  Lt.-Col.  William  Heth.  He  enlisted  Feb.  15,  177G  and  his 
name  appears  last  on  June  11,  1778,  and  from  the  same  source  a  list  of  the 
children  of  Burr  and  Elizabeth  (Dargan)  Harrison;  1.  Burr,  nuirried 
Nancy  Hart,  and  lived  in  Columbia,  S.  C;  2.  Mary  married  Benjamin 
May;  3.  Jonathan  married  Sally  Tyler;  4.  Kate  nuirricd  Samuel  Johnson; 


iM'/f  9(il  ni 


i'.V  10 


212  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

5.  Elizabeth  died  single;  C.  Rebecca  married  Nathaniel  Cocknell;  7. 
Susan  married  William  Head;  8.  Sophy  married  Christopher  Thompson; 
9.  Dorean  married  (1st)  James  Runnell  and  (2)  Hartwell  Macon;  10. 
Narcissa,  married  James  Ragsdale;  11.  Mordecai  married  Susan  Alston; 
12.  Anne,  Mr.  McLelland,  of  Charleston,  S.  C. 

Corrections:  P.  1)S,  1.  8,  for  "Lion"  read  "Leon";  p.  99,  1.  19,  for  "Free- 
man" read  "Green";  p.  97,  2d  1.  from  bottom,  Elizabeth  Harrison  niar- 
ried  Benjamin  Bullitt.  Benjamin  Bullitt  (son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth 
Brandt  Bullitt)  was  born  April  28,  1G93  (see  record  of  births,  Charles  Co., 
Md.,  Liber  P,  No.  1,  folio  212,  in  the  Land  Office  at  Annapolis,  Md.)  and 
instead  of  dying  in  1757,  died  in  1760,  as  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  his  will 
(See  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.  Will  Book  I,  108,  and  Minute  Book  17G4-68,  p. 
227)  was  dated  May  3,  17G6,  and  proved  Oct.  27,  17GG.  Hischildren  by 
Elizabeth  Harrison  were:  Joseph,  Capt.  Thom.as,  Cuthbcrt,  Seth  (who 
married  Combs)  and  Benjamin,  killed  in  the  French  and  Indian  War. 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  (Harrison)  Bullitt  died  in  1742.  We  are  indebted  to  Mr. 
William  M.  Bullitt,  of  Louisville,  for  the  correction. 

39.  Rev.  Tho.mas**  Hakkison  (Thomas^),  was  born  Oct.  2,  1750,  and 
died  June  21,  1814.  He  was  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of  London,  Aug.  24, 
1774,  and  licensed  for  Trinity  Parish,  Maryland.  He  was  minister  of 
Bloomfield  Parish,  Culpejjcr  Co., and  Dcttingen  Parish,  Prince  William 
Co.,  in  Va.,  and  was  appointed  a  Justice  of  Prince  William.  He  married 
Dec.  9,  1775,  Sarah  (born  July  26,  1754,  died  Dec.  16,  1842)  daughter  of 
Cuthbert  Harrison. 

Issue:  87.  Cuthbert'';  88.  Thomas^;  89.  Frances,  born  March  12,  1779, 
married  Philip  Alexander;  90.  Phiup-';  91.  Ann  Barnes,  bom  Feb.  S,  1783, 
died  single;  92.  Sythia  (or  Seth?)  born  April  9,  1785,  died  unmarried;  93. 
BuRR^;  94.  James";  95.  John^;  9G.  Walter^;  97.  Elizabeth,  born  A])ril 
8,  1797,  married  Lawrence  Alexander;  98.  Sarah,  bom  Jan.  23,  1799,  died 
Dec.  20,  1870,  married  March  7,  1S2G,  Gabriel  D.  Freeman. 

57.  Matthew^  Harrison  (Burr'^),  bom  Sept.  19,  1763;  married  Cath- 
erine Elzey.  Member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  for  Loudoun  Co.,  1840- 
47.  For  descendants  see  "A  Brief  History  of  the  First  Harrisons  of 
Virginia,"  by  H.  T.  Harrison. 

71.  GusTAVUs*^  Harrison  (Matthew^)  married  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Col.  A.  B.  Magruder,  of  Georgetown,  D.  C,  and  died  in  184^,  aged 
57  years. 

Issue:  99.  George  William^;  100.  Gusta\ais7;  101.  Frederick  Lloyd^; 
102.  Colin^;  103.  Eleanor^;  104.  Ann  Matilda^;  105.  Virginia'. 

72.  William  Alexander^  (Matthew^),  born  Aug.  29,  1795,  of  Clarks- 
burg (now  West  Va.),  represented  Harrison  County  in  the  House  of  Dele- 
gates 1835-37,  U.  S.  District  .Attorney  for  the  Western  District  of  Vir- 
ginia 1829,  and  afterwards  a  judge.  He  married,  Nov.  19,  1828,  Anna 
Mayberry. 

Issue:  106.  Frederick",  died  young;  107.  Thomas  W.*.  married  Mary 
Robertson  of  New  York;  108.  Matthew  Waite**,  married  Eliza  Hoffman, 


'I./ol.l  A 


GENEALOGY.  213 

of  Lewis  County;  109.  Charles  Tyler^  110.  Wuliam  Gustavus--  lU 
Mayberry«;  112.  Sus:in  Ellen;  113.  Elizabeth;  114.  .Ann  Rebeeea'  ll.j. 
Llewellyn  Cuthbert^. 

(To  be  Continued) 


Taylor  of   South.\.mi'ton  &c. 
(Concluded) 


6i). 


Bennett"  Taylor  (John'*),  inherited  considerable  property  from 
his  lather  and  his  brother  Charles.  There  is  on  record  in  Southampton 
a  deed  dated  Feb.  1810,  from  Bennett  Taylor  to  Robert  Adams,  convey- 
mg  130  acres  called  Seacock  on  Seacock  Svvamp,  which  was  purchased  hv 
litheldred  Taylor  from  Matthew  Revell,  and  by  him  devised  to  Ethel- 
dred  Taylor  his  son,  and  also  a  deed  May  20,  1811  from  Bennett  Taylor 
to  John  C.  Gray  conveying  230  acres  called  Howells,  which  had  been 
devised  by  Etheldred  Taylor  the  elder  to  his  son  Etheldred.  Bennett 
faylor  was  educated  at  Wm.  &  Mary  College  1790-95.  He  removed 
first  to  the  neighborhood  of  Berryville  and  later  to  Jefferson  County 
where  he  lived  at  his  seat  "Avon  Hill,"  when  he  died  in  1816  He 
married  Susan  Beverley,  daughter  of  Governor  Edmund  Randolph 
Issue:  4/.  Charlotte  Randolph,  married  Feb.  2,  1835,  Moncure  Robinson, 
of  Richmond,  afterwards  of  Philadelphia;  48.  John  Qiarles  Randolph^^ 

39.  \\illiam5  Taylor  (John").     Of  him  the  compiler  has  no  further 
information  except  that,  about  1810,  he,  with  Angelina  his  wife,  made  a 
deed  in  Southampton,  conveying  to  Thomas  Fitzhugh,  320  acres  which 
were  allotted  to  said  William  at  the  division  of  the  lands  of  John  Taylor 
deceased. 

40.  Henry^  Taylor  (John"),  of  Southampton  Co.;  born  died 

1815.  His  will  was  dated  Aug.  22,  1814,  and  proved  Jan.  1815.  Legatees- 
wife  Jane  W.  Taylor,  for  life,  7  negroes  <S:c  &c;  provision  for  unborn  child" 
to  nephew  VVm.  Taylor,  one  negro;  to  nephew  Henry  Taylor,  one  negro' 
to  nephew  Drury  Fitzhugh,  two  negroes.  Friend  Thomas  Fitzhu-di' 
executor.  "    ' 

There  are  probably  many  descendants  of  this  family  of  whom  the  com- 
piler IS  not  informed  and  any  additions  will  be  welcome. 

48.  John  Charles  Randolph^  Taylor  (Bennett")  of  Albemarle 
Cx.unty;  died  Jan.  0.  1875,  married,  in  183S,  Martha  Jefferson,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Jefferson  Randolph,  of  "Edgehill,"  Albemarle  County. 

Issue:  49.  Bennett^,  born  Jefferson  Co.,  Va.,  1836,  educated  at  Univer- 
sity of  Virgmia.  Captain  Co.  F  19th  Va.  Infantry  C.  S.  A.;  wounded  at 
Williamsburg  and  Gettysburg,  at  Johnsons  Island  until  1865,  promoted 
to  Lt.  Colonel;  married  Lucy  daughter  of  Edward  Colston  (and  had  six 
children);  50.  Jane  Randolph;  51.  Susan  Beverley,  married  John  Black- 


.f.^^.^ii,  »    ^i..iM„ii    iiiiii'i      .f.vui«f,"i   t^vri 


214  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

burn;  52.  Rev.  Jefferson  Randolph",  C.  S.  A.,  iirivate  in  Southall's  Artil. 
lery  and  Ordnance  Sergeant  in  Jackson's  Corps;  53.  Margaret  Randolph' 
5-1.  Charlotte,  died  in  infancy;  55.  Stephen  Mason*^,  C.  S.  A.,  private 
Rockbridge  Artillery  1SG4-5;  56.  Cornelia  Jefferson;  57.  Edmond  Ran- 
dolph", married  Julia,  daughter  of  Edmund  Pendleton  Kennedy;  58.  (and 
had  issue:  a.  John  Paca'',  born  Jan.  31,  1S94;  b.  Elizabeth  Gray,  bom 
June  10,  1S95;  c.  Edmond  Randolph",  bom  Oct.  8,  1S45;  d.  Margaret  Bev- 
erley, bom  Jan.  190S);  58.  John  Charles  Randolph";  59.  Sidney  W.";  60. 
Moncure  R<jbinson". 


The  Gorsuch  and  Lovelace  Families. 

(Continued) 

Children  of  the  Rev.  John^  Gorsuch  (Daniel-,  William^)  and  his  wife, 

Anne  (Lovelace). 

1.  Daniel  GoRSUCH4(John^,  Daniel^,  William').  Born  in  1628  or 
1629,  as  he  was  "aged  four  years"  in  1633.  Recorded  in  the  Visitation. 
There  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  he  ever  went  to  the  Colonies.  He 
and  all  of  his  brothers  and  sisters  were  left  an  interest  in  sundry  lease- 
holds in  Weston,  Herts.,  by  their  grandfather,  Daniel  Gorsuch".  He  was 
living  in  England  in  1652,  when  he  was  made  administrator  of  his  mother's 
estate,  and  in  1662  when  he  was  made  residuary  legatee  and  e.xecutor 
under  the  will  of  his  grandmother,  Alice  Gorsuch.  He  was  m.arried 
some  time  prior  to  1662,  as  his  grandmother  leaves  a  legacy  to  his  daugh- 
ter Ann.     Nothing  further  is  known  in  regard  to  him  or  his  descendants. 

2.  John  Gorsuch^  (John^,  Daniel^,  William').  Born  about  1630. 
Recorded  in  the  Visitation.  His  grandfather,  Daniel  Gorsuch",  leaves 
to  him  individually  certain  freeholds  in  Weston.  No  later  mention  of 
him  has  been  found  in  the  English  or  Colonial  Records,  nor  is  it  known 
whether  he  went  to  Virginia  with  his  mother. 

3.  WiLLL^M  Gorsuch*  (John^,  Daniel-',  William').  Born  in  1631  or 
1632.  Recorded  in  the  Visitation.  There  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  he 
was  ever  in  Virginia.  He  was.  doubtless  the  "Wm.  Gorsuch  of  Weston 
Herts,  Gent.,  Bach'r.  ab't.  25  [who  married]  Catherine  Morgan  of  St. 
Margaret's  Westminster,  Sp'r.  ab't.  25;  at  Marybone,  Middx. — 12  '  )i-t. 
1660."  (Marriage  Licenses,  Westminster  &  Vicar  General — Harleian 
Society  Vol.  26,  p.  53).  His  grandmother  Alice  Gorsuch  in  1662  leaves  a 
legacy  to  John,  the  son  of  her  grandson,  William  Gorsuch.  Mr.  Wm. 
Onslow  Times  of  Hitchin,  England,  in  a  recent  letter  to  the  writer  (1913), 
states  that  he  is  a  descendant  of  this  William  Gorsuch,  and  adds  "William 
who  did  not  leave  England,  and  who  died  in  1608,  left  a  son  Daniel,  wliose 
daughter  Christiana  Gorsuch,  married  a  Sheppard,  and  was  the  mother 
of  my  great  grandmother,  Mrs.  Lawrence  Times."  No  attcmjJt  has  been 
made  to  trace  the  descendants  of  William  Gorsuch  . 


GENEALOGY.  ;,    ■'■.'■  ^^^ 

4.  Katherine  Goksuch''  (John'*,  Daniel'-',  William').  Rcconknl  in 
the  Visitation.  Baptised  at  V.alkern  Nov.  20,  1033.  She  is  one  of  the 
4  brothers  and  sisters  for  whose  transportation  land  was  granteii  to  Theo. 
Hone,  Feb.  22,  1052,  on  the  Rappahannock.  She  married,  in  Virginia,  it 
would  appear  from  the  above,  William  Whitby,  a  prominent  citizen  of 
Warwick  County.  The  earliest  reference  to  William  Whitby  is  an  extract 
from  the  lost  W^arwick  County  records,  showing  that  he  was  a  justice  in 
1047.  He  was  speaker  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  in  1053.  From  an  order 
of  the  Virginia  Assembly  dated  December  1st,  1C5G  in  a  suit  decided  in 
her  favor,  it  appears  that  Mrs.  Whitby,  who  had  been  a  widow  at  least 
since  October  9th,  1055,  was  apparently  then  living  in  Virginia  (Va.  Mag. 
Vol.  XVII,  p.  129-130).  As  previously  stated,  the  Lancaster  Co.  Court 
was  petitioned  April  1st,  1057  by  Richard,  Robert  and  Charles  Gorsuch  to 
appoint  their  sister,  Katherine  Whitby,  v.-idd.  guardian  for  their  estate 
in  England  (see  ante  p.  91).  It  therefore  seems  certain  that  she  had  re- 
turned to  England  with  her  children  or  was  just  about  to  return.  The 
will  of  her  grandmother,  Alice  (jorsuch,  1002,  mentions  "William  and 
Elizabeth  Whittby,  son  and  daughter  of  my  granddr  ughter  ?.'atherine 
Whittby,"  but  leaves  us  uncertain  as  to  whether  Katherine,  the  mother, 
was  then  living.  In  the  letter  already  referred  to  from  her  uncle.  Gov- 
ernor Francis  Lovelace  of  New  York,  to  Governor  Berkeley  of  Virginia, 
dated  December  0th,  1009,  Lovelace  informs  Berkeley  that  "Mr.  Thos. 
Todd  of  Mockjack  bay"  has  been  appointed  "Guardian  of  will  Whitbey's 
son  by  my  niece  Mrs.  Kath.  Gorsuch,"  that  this  lad  which  he  (Lovelace) 
has  brought  over  [from  England]  is  "the  recitable  child  and  heare  to 
Mr.  Wiiitby,"  and  that  "he  is  now  an  orphant."  The  letter  goes  on  to 
request  Berkeley  to  do  what  he  can  for  the  boy's  interests  (Va..  Mag. 
Vol.  XVII,  p.  288-9.)  As  has  been  already  explained  an  error  occurred 
in  the  text  of  this  letter  as  previously  published,  due  to  a  mistake  of  the 
copyist  in  deciphering  the  name  Kath:  Gorsuch,  making  it  read  Ruth 
Gorsuch,  thus  confusing  the  Gorsuch  pedigree,  until  the  error  was  dis- 
covered (see  ante  pp.  90-1).  Mr.  Tho.  Todd  referred  to  by  the  writer 
was  Captain  Thomas  Todd  of  Mobjack  bay,  Gloucester  Co.,  Va.,  and 
later  of  Baltimore  Co.,  Maryland,  who  had  married  Anna  Gorsuch," 
sister  of  Katherine  Whitby,  and  who  was  another  niece  of  Lovelace. 
After  his  return  to  Virginia,  William  Whitby^,  Jr.,  son  of  William  and 
Katherine  Whitby,  lived  on  the  Pyanketank  River,  Middlesex  Co.,  Va., 
and  died  unmarried.  An  abstract  of  his  will  dated  July  15,  1070,  and 
proved  July  20th,  1077,  has  been  previously  published  (Va.  Mag.  Vol. 
XVII  pp.  290-1).  Among  several  legacies  left  by  him  is  one  of  £200 
"out  of  rent  due  me  out  of  Kent,  in  England"  to  "my  brother  Joseph 
Summers,"  and  a  bequest  to  Thomas  Todd.  He  leaves  £100  to  Major 
Robert  Beverley,  and  £100  to  Mrs.  Mary  Kibble  [Kccblcl.  He  leaves 
land  on  Moratico  Creek  to  John  Cocking  and  John  Wright,  and  land  on 
Potomac  Creek  to  be  divided  between  Joseph  Summers  and  Mrs.  Mary 


216  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Kibljle.  From  this  will  it  would  appear  that  Elizabeth  Whitijy,  the 
testator's  sister,  may  have  married  Jose[)h  Summers.  The  editor  of 
the  Magazine  writes  me  that  it  appears  from  the  Middlesex  reeords  that 
Major  Robert  Beverley  married  first  Mary,  the  widow  of  George  Keeble, 
and  that  Mks.  Mary  KirtBLE  may  actually  have  been  Miss  Mary  Keeble, 
a  step-daughter  of  Beverley.  Beverley's  second  wife  was  the  widow  of 
Theophilus  Hone.  It  will  be  recalled  that  it  was  Theo:Hone  who  Feb. 
22,  1652,  received  land  on  the  Rappahannock  for  transporting  Katherine 
Gorsuch  and  three  of  her  younger  brothers  and  sisters  to  Virginia  (see 
ante  p.  89.)  Hone  lived  at  Jamestown,  and  was  a  man  of  prominence  in 
Virginia.  It  is  by  no  means  improbable  that  the  Gorsuches  were  in  some 
way  related  to  Theophilus  Hone  or  his  wife. 

5.  Ro-^-EHT  GoKsucH-*  (John-\  Daniel'-^,  William' ) .  Baptised  Nov.  19' 
1635,  at  Walkern.  His  name  does  not  appear  with  the  names  of  his  two 
younger  brothers  and  his  two  sisters  brought  to  Virginia  by  Theo.  Hone. 
It  seems  possible  that  he,  his  brother  Richard,  his  sister  Anna  and  his 
mother,  may  have  come  to  Virginia  at  a  somewhat  earlier  date.  He 
joined  his  brothers  Richard^  and  Charles^  April  1st,  1657,  in  petitioning 
the  Lancaster  County  Court  for  the  appointment  of  a  guardian  for  their 
interests  in  Virginia  and  England.  This  seems  strange  as  Robert"*,  ac- 
cording to  the  above  date  of  baptism,  was  then  of  age.  At  the  December 
term  of  the  same  court,  1057,  however,  we  find  an  order  appointing  Rob- 
ert Gorsuch  guardian  for  his  brother  Charles  Gorsuch,  then  aged  14.  (Va. 
Mag.  Vol.  Ill,  I).  85).  We  next  hear  of  him  in  Maryland  when  July  2s, 
1659,  a  tract  of  500  A.  called  "Gorsuch"  was  surveyed  for  "Robert  Gi;r- 
such,  of  this  province,  planter"  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  River 
"respecting"  the  land  of  Hugh  Kensey  (i.  e.,  opposite  a  tract  called  Kcn- 
sey,  situated  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  aljout  nine  miles  from  its 
niouth,  surveyed  the  same  date),  and  the  patent  for  the  tract  was  issued 
Feb.  13th,  1059-00  (Md.  Patents  Vol.  IV,  fol.  228  8c  322).  This  tract 
"Gorsuch"  was  located  at  what  is  now  known  as  Canton,  its  water  front 
including  Gorsuch  Point  or  Lazaretto  Point,  a  district  now  occujned 
by  some  of  Baltimore's  most  important  industrial  and  shipping  ac- 
tivities. The  little  that  is  known  in  regard  to  Robert  Gorsuch  and 
his  heirs  is  learned  in  tracing  the  subsecjuent  history  of  this  tract. 
Robert  Gor.such  married  either  before  or  soon  after  his  arrival  on 
th.e  Patapsco.  His  wife's  name  is  not  known,  but  we  learn  from 
the  early  archives  that  she  was  murdered  by  the  Indians  April  11th, 
1661.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Council  of  Maryland  held  at  Spesutia, 
Baltimore  Co.,  May  13th,  1661,  to  incjuire  into  the  sundry  murders 
by  Mincjua  or  Sinego  Indians  on  the  Gunpowder  and  Patapsco  River.s, 
the  following  testimony  Was  given  by  Robert  Gorsuch:  "that  upon 
the  Uth  of  Aprill  there  came  to  his  howse  some  Indians  in  blew  anil 
some  in  red  Matchcoates  whoe  killed  his  wife  and  plundered  his  howse" 
etc.     (Arch.  Md.  Vol.  Ill,  \).  413).     It  would  seem  from  the  will  of  his 


GENEALOGY.  , '  217 

brother-in-law,  Thomas  Todd,  dated  Feb.  21.st,  1C75-G  that  Robert 
Gorsuch  had  left  the  province  and  was  then  living  in  England — "I  like- 
wise bequeath  to  my  saj'd  wife  one  hundred  seavcntie  six  poundes  ster- 
ling being  in  the  hands  of  Robert  Gorsedge  and  my  parsell  of  land  lying 
on  old  England  which  the  said  Robert  Gorsedge  is  now  possessed  of." 
(Baltimore  County  Wills  Vol.  I,  fol.  1.)  In  the  light  of  the  following 
facts  the  statement  previously  made  (ante  p.  92),  that  Robert  Gor- 
such   did  not  reappear  in  the  colonies,  must  be  cjualified. 

The  name  of  a  Robert  Gorsuch  does  not  again  appear  in  the  Maryland 
records  until  twenty-five  years  later.  The  list  of  taxables  of  Baltimore 
County  for  1695  does  not  reveal  anyone  bearing  this  name  then  living  in 
the  county.  The  Baltimore  County  Rent  Roll  bearing  the  date  1700, 
but  probably  compiled  a  year  or  two  earlier,  shows  that  the  tract  "Goi- 
such,"  500  A.  surveyed  July  2Sth,  1059,  for  Robt.  Gorsuch,  was  then 
"possessed  by  Charles  Gorsuch,  on  behalf  of  sd.  Robert"  (Balto.  Co. 
Rent  Roll  1700,  Md.  Hist.  Soc.  small  unbound  MSS).  This  would  seem 
to  indicate  that  Charles  Gorsuch*  held  the  land  and  paid  the  quit  rent 
for  his  brother  Roberf*  who  was  not  at  the  time  resident  in  Maryland,  or 
for  the  latter's  successor  of  the  same  name  who  was  either  absent  or  a 
minor.  About  this  time  a  Robert  Gorsuch,  either  the  original  patentee 
or  his  heir  of  the  same  name,  reappears  in  Baltimore  County,  for  July 
11th,  1700,  a  special  warrant  for  the  resurvey  of  this  tract  is  filed  in  the 
Land  Office  which  reads  that  "Robert  Gorsuch  of  Baltimore  County, 
by  his  hum.ble  petition — has  set  forth  that  he  is  seized  in  fee  simple — of  a 
tract  of  land  called  Gorsuch,  originally  laid  out  for  500  A.  the  2Sth  day  of 
July,  1059."  The  petition  recjuests  a  resurvey  on  the  ground  that  there 
is  some  confusion  in  regard  to  one  of  the  bounds  and  also  for  the  purpose 
of  adding  certain  adjacent  vacant  land  (Md.  Land  Office  Warrants  Liber 
A.  fol.  230).  Under  date  of  Nov.  22nd,  1700,  a  certificate  of  resurvey  of 
the  tract  "Gorsuch"  under  the  name  "Rockford,"  500  acres,  was  issued 
(Land  Ofiice— Unpatented  Certificates  Balto.  Co.  No.  1400).  A  new 
patent  for  this  resurvey  was  never  issued,  a  caveat  apparently  having 
been  entered  by  Benjamin  Tasker,  agent  of  Lord  Baltimore,  to  prevent 
t!ie  inclusion  of  the  adjacent  vacant  land,  and  Robert  Gorsuch  continued 
to  hold  the  tract  under  the  original  patent  of  1059-00.  A  somewhat 
later  Rent  Roll,  covering  the  period  from  about  1700  to  1720,  shows  that 
the  tract  "Gorsuch  [which  had  been]  possessed  by  Charles  Gorsuch  on 
Ijehalf  of  the  said  Roliert  [was]  now  possessed  by  Robert  Gorsuch  him- 
self" (Annapolis— Balto.  Co.  Rent  Roll  Vol.  II,  No.  2).  Although  re- 
ferred to  in  the  petition  for  resurvey  dated  1700,  as  of  Baltimore  County, 
the  name  of  Robert  Gorsuch  does  nut  appear  among  the  taxables  of  Balti- 
more County  in  the  lists  from  1099  to  1705,  which  are  supposed  to  include 
the  names  of  all  males  10  years  and  over.  In  the  year  1700  however 
his  name  appears  on  the  list  of  the  taxables  of  the  North-Sitle 
Patapsco  Hundred,  bracketed  with  John  Gorsuch  and  Jonathan   Mur- 


218  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

thorritt,  which  probably  indicates  that  the  three  were  then  living 
on  the  same  plantation  (Balto.  Co.  Taxables  1699-170(3:  Aid.  Hist.  Soc. 
MSS).  Aug.  3,  1709,  he  appears  as  the  principal  creditor  of  Tobias 
Stansburj'  of  Baltimore  County  (Test.  Proc.  29:  40S).  Nov.  1710 
he  was  appointed  by  the  Court  surveyor  of  highways  from  Hurst's 
Falls  to  Back  River  (Court  Proc.  I.  S.  No.  B.:  1S3).  The  will  of 
Robert  Gorsuch'*  of  Baltimore  County  dated  June  25,  1714,  was  probated 
June  14,  1720.  To  his  son  Daniel  he  leaves  5  shillings;  to  his  son  Robert 
he  leaves  the  "pl<T-ntation  whereon  I  now  dwell  containing  500  acres 
[tract  "Gorsuch"[,  to  him  and  his  heirs,"  as  well  as  a  fourth  part  of  his 
personal  estate.  To  his  daughter  Dorothy  he  leaves  certain  live  stock 
to  be  delivered  to  her  at  16  years  of  age  or  at  marriage.  To  his  wife 
Johanna  he  leaves  the  remainder  of  his  estate  and  appoints  her  executrix. 
The  witnesses  are  Nicholas  Rogers,  John  Thomas  and  Jon  Gay.  When 
the  will  was  probated,  the  widow  renounced  her  rights  as  executrix  in 
favor  of  "my  near  kinsman  John  Gorsuch"  (Annapolis  Wills;  16;  2S). 
The  inventory  tiled  by  John  Gorsuch,  Sept.  12,  1720,  was  signed  not  only 
by  the  appraisers,  but  by  Thomas  Gorsuch,  Chas.  Gorsuch  and  Elizabeth 
Gorsuch  (Annap.  Inv.  &  Accts.  4;  177).  An  account  filed  by  John  Gor- 
such Aug.  4,  1721,  shows  that  the  stock  to  be  given  Dorothy  at  16  years 
or  marriage  had  already  been  transferred  to  her  (Annap.  Accts.  3:  502). 
The  final  account  was  not  filed  until  May  22,  1728  (Test.  Proc.  28;  213). 
Tlie  widow  Johanna  Gorsuch  died  in  1728  and  her  estate  was  administered 
upon  May  22,  1728,  by  Wm.  Green,  with  Thomas  Broad  and  John  Miller 
his  sureties.  The  inventory  of  her  estate,  appraised  by  John  Willmot 
and  John  Moore  at  £40-6-2,  dated  Aug.  1,  1728,  gives  Geo.  Walker,  as 
creditor  and  adds  "no  other  creditor,  nor  no  relations  to  deceased." 
Her  administrator  in  filing  his  account  Mar.  6,  1730,  adds  "the  oqjhans 
at  age  this  summer"  (Annap.  Inv.  &  Accts.  11:  8).  Robert  Gorsuch  the 
son  and  heir  to  the  tract  "Gorsuch"  died  Mar.  19,  1733  (St.  Paul's  Church 
Balto.  Register).  His  estate  was  administered  upon  Aug.  2,  1733,  by 
John  Gorsuch  with  Wm*.  Rogers  and  John  Ensor  sureties  (Test.  Proc. 
2<J:  298).  Administration  de  bonis  non  upon  the  same  estate  was  issued 
Sept.  10,  1733,  to  Thomas  Gorsuch  of  Baltimore  County  with  Wm.  Rogers 
and  John  Edwards  sureties  (idem.  29:  307),  indicating  that  John  Gorsuch 
in  the  interval  had  probably  died.  The  inventory  dated  Aug.  1,  1733, 
was  signed  by  Charles  Gorsuch  as  principal  creditor  and  by  Lovelace 
Gorsuch  as  next  of  kin  (Balto.  Inv.  3:  180).  x\t  the  June  Court  1737, 
Thomas  Gorsuch,  the  administrator  d.  b.  n.  was  released  from  giving 
further  security  because  "the  representative  of  the  sd.  Robert  is  at  full 
age."  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proc.  1736-8;  43).  Aljout  two  months  after 
Robert  Gorsuch's  death,  a  deed  dated  May  25,  1733,  was  recorded  from 
John  Gorsuch  of  Baltimore  Co.,  planter,  to  Waller  Dallas  conveying  the 
tract  ["Gorsuch,"]  oOOacres,  for  £100  sterling  (Annap.  Prov.  Court  Deeds 
P.  L.  no.  8;  161).     May  28,  1733,  Dalhis  con\cys  the  same  tract  to  Ecn- 


.VI  i 


.rraiooa  jAt»i*fOT«t' "  '  i^J*' 


GENEALOGY.  219 

jamin  Tasker,  Charles  Carroll,  Daniel  Dulany  and  others,  later  known 
as  the  Baltimore  Company  (Balto.  Co.  Deeds  I.  S.  no.  L;  373).  In  this 
latter  deed  it  is  recited  that  "Robert  Gorsuch  late  of  Baltimore  County, 
dec'd.  planter,  by  his  will — devised  to  his  son  Robert,  his  heir,  all  that 
tract  and  plantation  whereon  he  dwelt  containing  500  acres  and  there- 
after died — and  that  Robert,  the  devisee  entered  into  possession  and  died 
intestate  and  without  issue,  whereby  the  said  land  descended  unto  John 
Gorsuch,  the  cousen  and  heir  at  law  of  Robert  the  devisee,"  and  that 
John  Gorsuch  then  conveyed  the  land  to  Walter  Dallas  etc. 

All  the  data  bearing  upon  this  line  of  Robert  Gorsuch"*  has  been  given, 
because  the  evidence  would  seem  to  be  susceptablc  of  at  least  three  diff- 
erent interpretations.  Robert  Gorsuch  who  appears  in  Baltimore  County 
about  1700  in  possession  of  "Gorsuch"  may  have  been:  (1)  Identical 
with  Robert*,  bom  1635  and  the  patentee  of  1659-GO;  (2)  The  son  of 
Roberf*,  the  patentee;  (3)  A  nephew  of  the  patentee  Robert'*,  and  a  son  of 
Charles*  of  Baltimore  County.  If  the  first  hypothesis  is  correct  Robert 
Gorsuch  who  was  bom  in  1635,  living  in  Baltimore  County  in  1661,  and 
living  in  England  in  1675,  returned  to  Baltimore  County  Vvhen  65  years 
old,  became  the  father  of  a  daughter  Dorothy  when  between  65  and  70 
years  of  age,  was  appointed  a  road  surveyor  at  75,  and  died  in  1725  at  85, 
leaving  a  widow  and  three  children,  at  least  one  of  whom  was  under  16, 
and  two  other  children  who  were  probably  older.  While  this  is  all  per- 
fectly possible,  the  dates  and  ages  throw  some  doubt  upon  its  probability. 
The  second  hypothesis  assumes  that  Robert,  who  appears  in  Baltimore 
County  about  1700,  had  inherited  the  tract  "Gorsuch"  from  his  father, 
the  patentee  of  1659-60,  and  dying  in  1720,  left  "Gorsuch"  to  his  mm 
Robert,  the  third  of  this  name.  Neither  of  these  two  theories  are  sup- 
ported by  the  inheritance  of  the  land  by  John  Gorsuch^,  "cousen  and  heir 
at  law"  of  the  younger  Robert,  who  died  intestate  and  without  issue  in 
1733.  As  a  matter  of  fact  Robert  Gorsuch*  the  patentee  of  1659-60  had 
three  brothers  Richard* ,  Charles* ,  and  Lovelace* ,  v.ho  lived  in  Maryk.nd. 
All  three  were  dead  before  1733.  Richard*,  who  was  older  than  Charles*, 
is  believed  to  have  had  male  descendants  then  living  on  the  Eastern 
Shore  of  Maryland  (see  Richard  Gorsuch*,  post),  liut  John  Gorsuch'^, 
the  eldest  son  of  one  of  the  younger  brothers,  Charles*,  inherited  "Gor- 
such" as  the  heir  at  law.  This  fact  weakens  the  theory  that  Roljert  who 
died  in  1733  was  of  the  direct  line  of  Robert  the  patentee.  Yet  if  "cousen" 
is  given  its  modern  meaning,  and  the  words  of  the  deed  are  to  be  taken  at 
their  face  value,  no  other  exjjlanation  seems  possible,  and  for  some  reason 
the  heirs  of  the  elder  brother  Richard"*  were  passed  over.  The  third  hypo- 
thesis that  Robert  who  possessed  "Gorsuch"  in  1700  v.  as  a  son  of  Charles* 
is  only  tenable  if  we  assume  that  "cousen"  in  the  deed  means  nncle,  a 
sense  in  which  it  was  occasionally  used.  Jolin  Gorsuch^  who  inlierited 
from  Roljert,  the  younger,  as  "cousen  and  heir  at  law,"  was  unfjuestion- 
ably  the  eldest  son  of  Charles* .    There  is  no  reason  wh v  Charles'*  ir.av  not 


9tS  .YW>c»*^     ' 


f 
1  1 

I:  '' 

1  r 


220  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

have  also  had  a  son  Robert,  although  there  is  no  jjroof  of  the  faet  (see 
Charles  Gorsuch'',  post).  If  so  the  latter  may  have  inherited  "Gorsuch" 
under  a  will  of  his  uncle  Robert'*  proved  in  England  or  elsewhere.  There  is 
no  deed  on  record  in  Maryland  from  Robert*,  the  patentee,  to  his  nephew 
or  to  anyone  else,  but  the  property  may  have  been  conveyed  to  hirn  in 
some  less  formal  way.  Certainly  Charles  Gorsuch*  held  the  land  "in  be- 
half of  "Robert  for  some  years,  which  means  that  he  paid  the  cjuit  rent 
for  him.  There  was  certainly  a  very  intimate  connection  between  this 
Robert  and  the  family  of  Charles'.  He  was  living  in  1706  with  John^,  the 
eldest  son  of  CharlesT  This  John  Gorsuch^  acted  as  his  executor,  ^d 
John's  wife  Elizabeth ,  together  with  John's  two  younger  brothers  Thomas"' 
and  Charles-''  Gorsuch  signed  his  inventory,  apparently  as  relations. 
John^  and  Thomas^  Gorsuch  later  appear  successively  as  administrators 
in  1733  of  the  younger  Robert  Gorsuch's  estate.  It  is  interesting  to  note 
that  a  Lovelace  Gorsuch  signs  the  younger  Robert's  inventory  as  next  of 
kin.  ThisLovelace  cannot becertainly  placed; it  is  possible  that  Charles 
had  a  son  of  this  name;  or  he  may  have  been  Lovelace'',  son  of  that 
Thomas^  (Charles*)  who  became  administrator  d.  b.  n.  of  Robert  in  1733, 
although  a.t  Thomas^  was  not  married  until  Aug.  19,  1714,  his  son  could 
not  have  been  of  full  age  Mar.  6,  1734-5. 

While  it  seems  impossible  to  draw  any  absolutely  definite  conclusion 
from  the  above  evidence  as  to  the  paternity  of  Robert  Gorsuch  who  had 
three  children  living  in  1714  and  who  died  in  1720,  certain  definite  facts 
are  known  in  regard  to  his  descendants.  The  maiden  name  of  his  wife 
Johanna  is  not  known.  That  her  estate  was  administered  upon  by 
William  Green  in  1728  and  not  by  any  of  her  husband's  relations  may  have 
some  significance.  The  statement  in  her  inventory  that  there  were  "no 
relations,"  of  course  does  not  necessarily  refer  to  any  minor  children  she 
may  have  left,  or  to  her  husband's  relations.  While  Robert  Gorsuch  had 
three  children,  Daniel,  Robert  and  Dorothy,  living  in  1714,  it  is  not  cer- 
tain that  any  or  all  of  these  were  the  children  of  his  wife  Johanna,  but  the 
statement  of  her  administrator  in  1730  "the  orphans  of  age  this  summer" 
rather  indicates  that  she  was  probably  the  mother  of  at  least  two  of  the 
children,  that  the  youngest  child  was  then  of  age,  and  that  at  least  one 
of  the  three  children  was  born  nearly  as  late  as  1710.  Of  the  three 
children  of  Robert,  Daniel,  who  was  cut  off  with  5  shillings,  disappears 
from  the  records  and  probably  died,  or  he  would  doubtless  have  appeared 
as  the  heir  of  his  brother  Robert  to  "Gorsuch."  Robert,  we  knov,-,  died 
intestate  and  without  issue,  March  19,  1733.  It  seems  unlikely  that  he 
married.  Of  Dorothy,  who  was  living  in  1721,  and  who  was  then  over 
IG  years  old  or  married,  as  she  in  that  year  received  her  portion,  noth- 
ing further  is  dehnitely  known.  That  she  did  not  inherit  "Gorsuch" 
from  her  brother  Robert  in  1733  does  not  indicate  that  she  was  then  dead, 
as  the  land  folluwed  the  male  line.  It  seems  quite  possible  that  she  may 
have  married  and  left  issue,  for  it  has  been  shown  that  in  June,  1737,  there 


GENEALOGY.  221 

is  a  Court  entry  by  the  administrator  of  the  personal  property  of  Robert 
Gorsuch  (died  1733)  that  the  "representative  of  the  said  Robert  had  tlien 
come  to  full  age."  Whether  this  representative  was  of  the  line  of  Dor- 
othy or  of  the  line  of  John  Gorsuch^  (Charles'*),  the  "cinisen"  who  in- 
herited tlie  land  and  who  appears  to  have  died  soon  after,  is  at  present 
a  matter  of  uncertainty  (see  Charles  Gorsuch',  post).  It  seems  cjuite 
jjossible,  however,  that  Dorothy,  who  may  have  dieil  jjrior  to  receiving 
her  share  of  her  brother  Robert's  personal  property,  left  a  child  who 
came  of  age  1737,  and  then  became  entitled  to  receive  it.  It  is  also 
just  possible  that  Dorothy  had  a  younger  sister  born  after  her  father 
made  his  will  in  1714,  although  this  would  appear  to  conflict  with  the 
statement  of  Johanna  Gorsuch's  administrator  in  1730,  that  the  orphans 
were  then  of  age. 

(To  l>e  Continued) 


Descendants  or  Akchek  Payne  of  "New  Market." 
(Contributed  by  Juhn  !M.  Payne.) 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,   and  his  wife  Martha  daughter  of  Na- 
thanial  West  Dandridgc  and  Dorathea  daughter  of  Governor  Alexander 
Spotswood. 

Mr.  Payne  was  born  in  1748  and  married  in  17G9.  He  was  a  son  of 
Colonel  John  Payne  of  "White  Hall"  who  represented  Goochland  in 
the  House  of  Burgesses  from  1752  to  17GS. 

Their  children,  omitting  those  who  died  in  infancy,  were: 

2  Annie  Spotswood  Payne,  born  April  19,  1772,  married  Thos.  Mann 
Fleming; 

3  Martha  Payne,  born  Nov.  S,  1773,  married  Jeremiah  Strother; 
Archer  Payne,  born  Nov.  20,  1775,  died  unmarried; 

4  Durathea  Dandridgc  Payne,  born  July  10,  1777,  married  Edward 
Boiling; 

5  Jane  Payne,  married  1st  Robert  Boiling;  2nd  James  B.  Ferguson; 

(3  Alexander  Spotswood,  born  Oct.  20,  17S0,  married  Charlotte  Bryce; 

7  Catherine  Payne,  married  Archibald  Boiling; 

8  John  Robert  Dandridgc,  married  Susan  Bryce. 

2 

Anne  Spotswood  Payne,  married  Thomas  Mann  Fleming,  son  of 
Tarlton  Fleming,  and  Mary  Randolph  of  Tuckahoe. 

They  had: 

Tarleton  Fleming,  who  married  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Walter  Coles  of 
Albemarle. 

The  issue  of  Tarleton  &  Rebecca  Coles  Fleming  were: 

I  Thos.  Mann  Fleming,  married  Virginia  Hobson— issue. 

II  Elizabeth  Anne  Fleming,  married  Capt.  Wm.  Wel)b,  C.  S.  Navy — 
issue; 


liJi: 


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222  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

III  Sarah  Eleanor  Fleming  married  Jesse  Heath — Issue; 

IV  William  Randolph  Fleming,  married  Mrs  Lelia  Wynn,  widow  of 
Robert  E.  Wynn  and  daughter  of  Wm.  II.  Shields  of  Yorktown — issue. 


Martha  Payne,   married  Jeremiah  Strother  and  they  had: 

I  Dr Strother,  married died  in  Monroe  Co.: 

II  Martha  Strother,  died  unmarried. 
Note- 
Mrs  Martha  Payne  Strother  died  and  her  husband  married  2nd,   a 

Miss   Clayton  and   were   the  parents  of  Sarah   Strother   who   married 
James  Logan  of  Dungeness,  Goochland. 


Dorathea  Dandridge  Payne  married  Edward  Boiling  (see  "Des- 
cendants of  Pocahontas"  by  Gov'r  Robertson)  and  ided  early  leaving 
one  son. 

I  Powhatan  Boiling  who  died  unmarried. 


Jane  Payne  married  1st  Robert  Boiling,  no  issue;  2nd  James  B.  Fur- 
guson.  She  died  in  1806  leaving  one  daughter  a  few  months  old:  to- wit; 
Jane  Elvira  Ferguson,  born  April  Gth,  1806,  and  married  Peachy  R.  Grat- 
tan  in  1827.     She  died  Sept.  8,  1988. 

Mr.  Grattan,  the  well  known  Reporter  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
Virginia,  was  born  November  7th,  1801  and  died  September  8th,  1881. 

The  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs  Grattan,  omitting  those  who  died  in  in- 
fancy, are: 

I  Elizabeth  Gilmer,  born  April  11th,  1837,  unmarried; 

II  Sally  Gay,  born  Aug.  10,  1838,  married  Otho  H.  Kean  and  had 
issue; 

III  Lucy  Gilmer,  born  Aug.  10,  183S,  married  Mr Alexander  and 

died  Oct.  14,  1899,  leaving  i.ssue; 

IV  James  Ferguson,  born  July  11,   1840,  married  Miss 

Morris,  died  in  1879  without  issue; 

V  George  Gilmer,  born  Oct.  12,  1844,  killed  at  Battle  of  Seven  Pines. 


Alexander  Spotswood  Payne,  born  Oct.  20,  1780,  married  Sept.  Gth, 
1804 — Charlotte  Bryce,  daughter  of  Archibald  Bryce  and  Mary  Michel. 
They  inherited  "New  Market"  in  Goochland  and  lived  there  until  1840 
when  they  removed  to  a  farm  on  Ivy  Creek  near  Lynchburg  where  they 
lived  the  remainder  of  their  lives,  Air.  Payne  d}ing  in  1859  and  Mrs. 
Payne  in  1870. 

(To  be  Continued) 


.aMISAH'' 


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•ii\n 


BOOK    REVIEWS.  223 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 

Empire  and  Armament,  By  Jennings  C.  Wise,  New  York  and  London, 
1910.     G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons,  pp.  365. 

"It  is  a  very  valuable  addition  to  our  military  historical  literature  and 
indicates  most  intelligent  and  comprehensive  research.  It  will  be  of 
great  use  to  all  who  wish  to  make  a  study  of  our  past  policy  with  a  \iew 
to  forming  an  opinion  as  to  what  should  be  done  in  the  way  of  prepared- 
ness for  national  defence.  The  subject  of  preparation  is  approached  in  a 
systematic  and  logical  manner  and  the  reader  takes  up  this  chapter  of 
the  work  with  a  very  good  understanding  of  the  reasons  for  a  most  care- 
ful consideration  of  this  vital  subject. 

"The  author's  study  of  the  subject  of  national  defense  must  bring  to 
all  who  understand  that  tnie  democracies  are  founded  upon  manhood 
suffrage,  an  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  with  it  goes,  haml  in  hand,  man- 
hood obligation  for  service. 

"There  is  not  a  dull  sentence  in  the  volume,  so  clear  and  simple  is  the 
style,  and  so  well  arranged  and  thoroughly'  digested  is  the  matter.  It  i:, 
reasoned  out  with  the  utmost  clarity,  and  most  logically  and  convincing- 
ly. Nothing  oould  be  more  timely  than  this  book,  and  I  feel  sure  that  it 
will  exercise  a  strong  influence  on  public  sentiment.  It  expresses  the 
soundest  common  sense,  and  breathes  the  most  ardent,  yet  most  rational, 
patriotism." 

A  BiBLioGR-^PHV  OF  VIRGINIA,  Part  I.     Containing  the  Titles  of  Books 
in  the  Virginia  State  Library  Which  Relate  to  Virginia  and  Vir- 
ginians, the  Titles  of  Those  Books  Written  by  Virginians  and  of 
Those  Printed  in  Virginia.     But  not  including  the  Titles  of  the 
Official  Editions  of  the  Laws,  of  the  Journals  of  the  Legislative 
Bodies,  of  the  Reports  of  the  Administrative  C)fficers  and  r)thcr 
Published    Official    Documents.     By    Earl    G.    Swem,    Assistant 
Librarian,  Bulletin  Va.  State  Library,  April-October  1915,  Ricli- 
mond  1916,  pp.  767. 
It  would  be  difficult  to  exaggerate  the  importance  of  this  book  to  stu- 
dents of  any  phase  of  Virginia  life  or  history.     The  author  states  that  i  t  is 
not  complete.    This  is  a  matter  of  course,  but  all  interested  will  feel  sure 
that  in  the  able  hands  of  Dr.  Mcllwaine  the  Lil)rarian,  and  of  Mr.  Swem, 
it  will  ultimatel}'  be  brought  to  completion.     The  book  covers  meor 
ground  than  ever  its  comprehensive  title  would  indicate,  for,  in  addition 
to  books,  many  magazine  articles  and  several  publications  are  catalogued. 
In  order  to  economize  space,  subject  titles  are,  as  a  rule,  shown  only  in 
the  index,  the  various  works  appearing  under  authors  in  the  text. 


m 


ij   ij'  -  **ti   ,^.-^  >;}  ^  1  Ui  1  W  .1  ;iST  r    j  >j>i  z)i 


•  /.o  [|i*/ 


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V.vf)!!.!!^   A 


224  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Journals  oi"  thk  House  of  Burgessks  ok  Vik(.i\ia  1G19-1(j3S-50.  Edited 
by  II.  R.  Mclhvaine,  Va.  State  Lil)rary,  Richmond,  Va.,  MCMXV, 

pp.  283. 

This,  the  13th  volume,  completes  the  most  important  historical  pub- 
lication ever  begun  in  Virginia,  the  journals  of  the  colonial  House  of  Bur- 
gesses so  far  as  they  remain.  During  the  period  covered  by  this  volum- 
the  records  of  the  Assembly  are  very  defective,  but  Dr.  ;Mclhvaine  has 
brought  together  all  that  remain  and  has  added  a  number  of  valuable 
illustrative  documents.  Dr.  Mcllwaine's  prefaces  and  notes  are,  as 
usual,  most  valuable.  This  volume  also  contains  a  general  index  to  the 
whole  thirteen. 

A  Man's  Reach.     By  Sally  Nelson  Robins.     Philadelphia  and  London, 

J.  B.  Lippincott  Co.,  1916,  pp.  333. 

This  departm.ent  does  not  review  works  of  fiction;  but  we  acknowledge 

the  receipt  of  this  story  laid  in  Virginia;  almost  at  the  present  time,  by  a 

lady  who  was  long  the  very  effioitnt  Assistant  Librarian  of  this  Society. 

Some  E.MUiRANTS  to  Virginia.  Memoranda  in  regard  to  Several  Hun- 
dred Emigrants  to  Virginia  During  the  Colonial  Period  whose 
Parentage  is  shown  or  former  Residence  indicated  by  Authentic 
Records.  By  W.  G.  Stanard,  Second  Edition  Enlarged  lOlo,  Bell 
Book  Sz  Stationery  Company,  Richmond,  Va.,  p]).  94. 

Kentucky  in  the  War  ok  ISLJ.     By  A.  C.  Ouisenberry.     Ky.  Historical 
Society,  Frankfort  1915. 
This  valuable  book  gives  in  minute  detail  the  services  of  Kentucku.ns 
in  the  last  war  with  England.     Among  the  hundreds  of  names  mentioned 
and,  of  course,  many  natives  of  Virginia  and  sons  of  Virginians. 


■i'.i'   lRi*V9<i  oJ  Infis^i  til  nbninn:::i\'     . t\ti ia'a  ]' J  iw 


I    -J'  .      ,UJ 


li-jimV'nU  .'('A    .YTtnAri-yftufJ  ,0  A  (9     .Vi-'  '-laH 


PROCEEDINGS 


Virginia  Historical  Society 


AT  ITS 


ANNUAL  MEETING 


HELD  IN  THE 


HOUSE  OF  THE  SOCIETY 


ON 


March  20.  1916 


MITCHELL  ii:  HOTCHKISS 
PRINTERS  TO  THE  SOCIETY 
KICH>l()NU,  VA. 


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PROCEEDINGS 


Virginia   Historical   Society 

'       '    ■  IN  ' 

Annual  Meeting  Held  March  20,  1916. 
The  Annual  Meeting  was  held  in  the  Society's  House,  707 
East  Franldin  Street,  on  March  20th,  at  4  P.  M.,  with  Presi- 
dent W.  Gordon  McCabe  in  the  chair. 

The  first  business  was  the  reading  of  President  McCabe 's 
Annual  Report  as  follows: 

Annual  Report  of  the  President  of  the  Virginia 
Historical  Society  for  1915. 

To  THE  Members  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society: 

I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  Report,  giving 
a  summary  of  the  work  of  the  Society  and  presenting  a  detailed 
statement  of  its  finances,  m.embership  and  proj^erty  for  the  year 
ending  November  30th,  1915 — which  Report  has  been  duly 
examined,  minutely  verified,  and  unanimously  approved  by 
}'our  Executive  Committee. 

While  it  is  true  that  little  of  special  significance  has  occun-ed 
since  our  last  Report,  it  is  yet  a  source  of  no  small  satisfaction 
to  record  that  much  solid  achievement  has  marked  the  history 
of  the  Society  during  this  time  and  that  our  finances,  notwith- 
standing the  increased  expenditures  incident  to  the  broadening 
of  the  scope  of  our  work,  were  never  in  a  sounder  condition. 

Despite  the  "hard  times"  which  prevailed  during  the  greater 
portion  of  the  year,  we  have  more  than  held  our  own,  adding, 
indeed,  no  insignificant  sum  to  our  "Permanent  Fund,"  which, 


a  MX  *j 


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YTiioori  jy^OiHOT^iH  AJMiOflrV  yi!T  TO  8fli:i(tMaM  uht  oT 

■  B 

viub    rjjuci  2Cii    ftoq'jM  rtjii'!//— oKM    ,rit()S  iodmo7f.tl^   i^nibrro 
/yjjrr.'D'jo  ^ic/i  ooniioi'llrrj^h;  ki'^t;';  "lo  jlrMi  jfufij  -Mni  21  i\  -slijlV/ 

:  .  .  ■  .  I  I<:i 

tiiJ-vJi ,!   ;"X);ti.fii)  iij<j  UiilJ  f>n<:  oniiJ  ^ulJ  ;:^fjhjib  vJjrj<iri  ^jrii  lo 
i'jJi:o<;^  'jifi  '<i";iih  lr.;)fL.'Mi'j  H'Jiii//  "s-r^.'irJ  !»Ti;rf"  ^dj  yJifj^^jC!     ■ 


IV  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

while  still  far  below  what  our  aims  demand,  is  yet  the  largest 
as  to  amount  in  the  annals  of  the  Society 

Collections  of  annual  dues  have  been  far  more  i'atisfactory 
than  for  the  past  two  or  three  years,  owing,  no  doubt,  to  the 
drastic  purging  of  our  rolls  by  order  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee. There  are,  however,  still  left  some  few  of  these  de- 
linquents, who  turn  a  deaf  ear  to  the  "gentle  reminders"  of 
our  "collector,"  and  others,  who,  like  the  debtors  in  King  Henry 
IV,  "pay  some  and  promise  infinitely."  If  these  members 
could,  in  any  way,  be  brought  to  realize  to  what  extent  their 
failure  to  pay  their  just  debts  not  seldom  embairasses  the 
Society  (which  scrupulously  pays  its  own),  perhaps  for  very 
shame's  sake  they  would  cease  their  cynical  indifference  or  (to 
employ  a  more  euphemistic  phrase)  their  inexcusable  negli- 
gence, and  by  prompt  payment  enable  your  Executi\'e  Com- 
mittee to  broaden  still  further  the  scope  of  our  Magazine. 

Further  appeal  to  the  consciences  of  these  delinquents  seems 
futile.  To  paraphrase  Shakespeare  a  trifle,  some  men  are  born 
honest,  some  achieve  honesty  (as  a  sort  of  "best  policy"),  but 
our  records  prove  beyond  cavil  that  there  are  others  who  stub- 
bornly refuse  to  have  it  even  thrust  upon  them.  We  have 
been  not  only  considerate,  but  most  indulgent,  and  now 
"where  the  offense  is,  let  the  great  axe  fall." 

In  spite,  however,  of  "hard  times"  and  of  these  recalcitrant 
debtors,  who,  from  time  to  time,  were  dropped  after  repeated 
warnings,  our  rolls  show  a  mcmbershi])  of  757,  an  increase  of 
7  over  last  year. 

That  our  finances  continue  in  a  thoroughly  sound  and  sat- 
isfactory condition,  is  evidenced  by  the  subjoined 

Treasurer's  Report: 
Balance  in  Bank  December  1,  1914 S210.50 

Receipts. 

Annual  Dues S2,939.05 

Life  Members 100.00 

Sale  of  Magazines 291.90 

Sale  of  Publications 37.50 

Interest G37 .45 

Advertising 44.50 

Rent 150.00_  $4,200.40 

§1,410.90 


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PROCEEDINGS.        ...  :.                                    V 

Disbursements. 

Salaries .  SI, 521. 00 

Wages 300.00              ...      ' 

Books,  Binding,  etc 7!). 15 

Sundry  Bills 241.07 

Postage  and  Express 121. l.S 

Checks  returned 15.10 

Miscellaneous  Printing 63.50 

Repairs 43.43 

Printing  Magazines 1,340.47 

To  Permanent  Fund 300.00 

Insurance. 6.00 

Di.scount .50        4,041.16 

Balance  in  Bank  November  30,  1015 -.                  309.74 


S4, 410.90 


Permanent  Fund.       • 

3%  Savings  Deposit $1,100.00 

Mortgage  6% 1,000.00 

Mortgage  6% 5,500.00 

Twenty-live  (25)  Shares  of  Stock  in  the  Citizen's  Bank  of 

Norfolk,  Va.,  paying  lO^'o  dividends,  estimated  value 5,000.00 


$12,600.00 


In  accordance  with  an  order  of  the  Executive  Committee,  the  Treasurer 
presents  the  following  tabulated  statement  showing  the  sources  from 
which  the  Permanent  Fund  is  derived.  What  is  termed  the  "Society's 
Fund"  comprises  the  amount  the  Committee  has  been  able  to  save  from 
year  to  year  out  of  the  ordinary  revenues  of  the  Society. 

The  Virginia  Sturdivant  McCabe  Fund,  given  by  the  Pres- 
ident of  the  Society  in  loving  memory  of  his  grand-daugh-        ■    < 
ter  Virginia  Sturdivant  McCabe,  born  February  1,  1900, 

died  August  11,  1909 $500.00 

The  Jane  Pleasants  Harrison  Osborne  McCabe  Fund  given 
by  the  President  of  the  Society  in  loving  memory  of  his 
wife,  Jane  Pleasants  Harrison  Osborne  McCabe,  who  died 

November  22,  1912 500.00 

Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  Fund 100.00 

Bvam  K.  Stevens  Fund 650.00 

Edward  Wilson  James  Fund 4,500.00 

Society's  Fund 6,350.00 

$12,600.00 

It  should  be  observed  that  while  the  report  of  current  receipts  and 
disbursements  is  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  November  30lh,  the  state- 
ment of  the  amount  of  the  Permanent  Fund  is  brought  up  to  the  date  of 
the  Annual  Meeting. 

Though  our  total  receipts  from  regular  sources  are  less  by  $25.24  than 
last  year  (on  account  of  the  very  unusual  sale  of  sets  of  the  magazine 
during  1914)  it  is  very  gratifying  to  see  that  the  receipts  from  annual 
dues  are  $174.20  more  than  last  year.     E.xcluding  the  large  expenditure 


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VI  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

for  repairs  in  1914  (for  which  the  means  were  derived  from  the  Perma- 
nent Fund)  our  expenditures  this  year  arc  less  than  last.  The  best  in- 
dication that  we  have  had  a  prosperous  year  from  the  financial  stand- 
point is  that  though  we  have  promptly  met  every  obligation  and  con- 
ducted the  affairs  of  the  Society  with  all  necessary  liberality,  we  have 
this  year  a  balance  of  $369.74  against  $210.50  last  year,  and  that,  though 
there  have  been  no  gifts  to  the  Permanent  Fund  this  year,  we  have  been 
able  from  our  regular  income  to  add  $400.00  to  it,  making  the  amount 
$200.00  more  than  it  has  ever  been  before.  $100.00  of  this  addition  was 
made  before  the  date  of  the  last  annual  meeting,  February  1915,  so  the 
net  increase  of  the  Permanent  Fund  over  the  last  report  is  $300.00.  In 
addition  to  these  facts  it  may  be  stated  that  within  a  week  after  the 
end  of  the  fiscal  year  the  Society  did  not  owe  a  dollar. 

Respectfully  submitted, 
.        ,  ROBERT  A.  LANCASTER,  Jr., 

Treasurer. 

Additions  to  the  Library. 

The  addition  to  the  library  in  books  and  pamphlets  total  840, 
an  increase  of  235  over  last  year.  Thedonors  to  whom  is  due 
grateful  acknowledgement  are:  Hon.  Amiistead  C.  Gordon, 
Col.  Jennings  C.  Wise,  Judge  George  L.  Christian,  Major 
"William  A.  Anderson,  Sir  Gilbert  Parker,  Bart.,  Judge  Norris 
S.  Barratt,  W.  Gordon  McCabe,  Douglas  H.  Thomas,  R.  A. 
Lancaster,  Jr.,  James  Branch  Cabell,  Marshall  D.  Haywood, 
J.  G.  Hankins,  Auditor  C.  Lee  Moore,  Gideon  I\L  Harris, 
Henry  A.  Sampson,  M.  A.  Shiree,  David  L  Bushnell,  Jr.,  A.  P. 
Wilmer,  W.  K.  Chisholm,  R.  H.  North,  W.  W.  Hamson,  Frank 
A.  Owen,  Lindsay  Russell,  H.  T.  Ezekicl,  Albert  Matthews, 
A.  W.  Alderson,  E.  D.  Millette,  G.  E.  Dwelley,  Fisk  Kimball, 
Edwin  J.  Sellers,  Henry  T.  Harrison,  John  T.  Trezvant,  James 
Sprunt,  Robert  B.  Munford,  Jr.,  Bauman  L.  Belder,  E.  F. 
Pratt,  Thos.  B.  Rowland,  H.  A.  Statenbttrgh,  Chas.  G.  Bosher, 
Fred'k  B.  Hyde,  H.  E.  Deats;  Rev.  A.  H.  Hord,  D.  D.,  Rev. 
W.  J.  Hinke,  D.  D.;  Professors  Lyon  G.  Tyler,  Charles  A 
Graves,  J.  W.  Wayland,  Ulrich  B.  Phillips,  and  A.  J.  Morrison; 
Doctors  J.  B.  Earnest,  Emory  Jordan,  McGuire  Newton,  H. 
L.  E.  Johnson;  Mesdames  Sally  Nelson  Robins,  Lipscombe 
Norvell,  Chas.  R.  Hyde,  James  M.  Lawton,  John  W.  Holcombe, 
Wells  Thompson;  Misses  M.  M.  Pleasants,  Jane  S.  Stanard, 
E.  L.  Stanard ;  Smithsonian  Institution,  Royal  Society  of  Canada, 
Carnegie  Endowment  for  Universal  Peace,  Rockefeller  Founda- 
tion, Rockefeller  Sanitary  Commission,   Library  of  Congress, 


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PROCEEDINGS.  ,         '  VU 

Virginia  State  Library,  Yale  University  Library,  Columbia 
University  Press,  University  of  California,  Apprentices  Lib- 
rary (Philadelphia),  Newberry  Library  (Chicago),  Indian 
Rights  Commission,  Virginia  Society  of  Colonial  Dames,  New 
York  Society  of  Colonial  Dames,  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  the  Paris  (France)  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
Richmond  (Va.)  Chamber  of  Commerce,  California  Society 
S.  A.  R.,  National  Society  S.  A.  R.,  Alliance  Francaise,  Amer- 
ican Bar  Association,  Virginia  Bar  Association,  Japan  Society 
of  America,  Hispania  Society  of  America,  Swedish  Historical 
Society,  Georgia  Historical  Society,  Trustees  of  Philadelphia 
Museum,  Adjutant-General  of  Kentucky,  and  Gettysburg 
National  Park  Commission. 

A  very  large  number  of  newspapers,  periodicals,  and  pam- 
phlets (beyond  the  usual  8vo.  size)  have  been  substantially 
bound,  while  our  "binders"  now  number  351,  containing  about 
three  thousand  five  hundred  pamphlets.  We  are  also  pre- 
serving in  "binders"  numerous  local  imprints  and  clippings, 
which  cannot  fail  to  prove  most  helpful  to  future  historians 
of  Richmond. 

Gifts  and  Bequests. 

1.  A  full  length  portrait  in  oils  of  the  late  Joseph  Bryan,  so 
long  the  beloved  President  and  benefactor  of  this  Society, 
presented  by  his  sons. 

2.  Five  large  photographs  (framed,  and  almost  of  the  same 
size  as  the  originals)  of:  (1)  Robert  Boiling  (1G4G-17U9);  (2) 
Robert  Boiling  (1682-1749);  (3)  Robert  BoUing  (1730-1775); 
(4)  Robert  Boiling  (1759-1839— of  "the  Petersburg  Boilings" 
branch  of  the  family);  and  (5)  Colonel  William  Heth  of  the 
"Continental  Line" — all  presented  by  their  lineal  descendant, 
Heth  Lorton,  esq.,  formerly  of  Virginia,  now  of  "^vlatoa," 
Garden  City,   Long  Island. 

3.  The  original  official  appointment  (Dec.  6,  1752)  of  John 
Maury  as  surveyor  of  lands  in  Prince  William  County,  Vir- 
ginia, signed  by  Colonel  William  Fairfax  (cousin  and  agent  of 
Thomas  Lord  Fairfax),  who  was  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of 


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Vm  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Fairfax  and  President  of  the  Virginia  Council — given  to  Presi- 
dent McCabe  by  the  late  Charles  H.  Conover  of  Chicago,  well 
known  as  an  ardent  "collector"  and  antiquarian,  and  presented 
by  the  fomicr  to  the  Society. 

4.  An  old  "whipping-strap,"  used  in  early  Colonial  days  in 
legal  whippings  at  Gloucester,  C.  H.,  (Va.) — presented  by  W. 
B.  Cridlin,  esq.,  of  this  city 

5.  (1)  A  copy  of  the  famous  correspondence  that  passed 
between  John  Randolph  of  Roanoke  and  Mrs.  Gouverneur 
Morris  (Anne  Cary  Randolph),  in  which  that  sprightly  and  sar- 
castic dame  got  decidedl}^  the  better  of  her  acrid  kinsman;  (2) 
a  "broad-side"  advertising  Miss  Hunneywell's  gallery  of  cuts 
and  needlework;  (3)  a  silhouette  cut  by  Miss  Hunney well- 
presented  by  Miss  Lucie  P.  Stone,  Hollins,  Virginia. 

G.  A  framed  photograph  of  the  miniatiu^e  of  Patrick  Henr}'' 
painted  by  Laurence  Sully  in  1793 — presented  by  the  former 
owner  of  the  miniature,  John  Syme  Fleming,  esq.,  of  Richmond, 
together  with  various  interesting  documents  relating  to  the 
original. 

7.  A  photogravure  of  Trumbull's  portrait  of  Washington 
(now  in  Yale  University),  presented  by  the  Secretary,  William 
G.  Stanard. 

8.  A  steel  engraving  of  Hon.  Jefiferson  Davis,  when  Secre- 
tary of  War  of  the  United  States — presented  by  Arthur  L. 
Steams,  esq.,  of  New  York  City. 

9.  A  steel  engraving  (very  rare)  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee, 
executed  b}^  John  Sartain — presented  by  Arthur  L.  Steams,  esq. , 
of  New  York  City. 

10.  An  engraving  of  "Bathurst,"  a  very  ancient  residence 
in  Essex  County,  Virginia — presented  b}^  Judge  L.  H.  Jones, 
Louisville,  Ky. 

IL  A  large  number  of  copies  of  "The  National  Intelligencer" 
(Washington,  D.  C.) — presented  by  R.  L.  Peyton,  Esq.,  The 
Plains,  Virginia. 

Publications. 

1.  Volume  XXIII  of  our  (Quarterly)  Magazine  was  puh- 
lished  during  the  year,  and,  it  is  needless  to  add.  was  conducted 


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PROCEEDINGS.  •  ^^ 

on  the  same  high  plane  that  historical  students  at  home  and 
abroad  confidently  look  for  in  it,  its  accomplished  editor  stead- 
ily adhering  to  his  settled  purpose  of  printing  (save  in  very  rare 
instances)  only  original  documents  dealing  with  Virginia 
Colonial  history. 

2.  The  ''Minnies  oj  the  Council  and  General  Court"  {1622- 
162"/),  transcribed  from  the  originals  in  the  Library  of  Congress 
1j_\'  Mr.  Lothrop  Withington  of  London,  have  run  through  the 
year,  but  the  untimely  death  of  this  generous  friend  and  keen 
antiquarian  (who  perished  in  the  dastardly  and  stupid  destruc- 
tion of  the  "Lusitania")  rendered  it  necessary  that  provision 
should  be  promptly  made  for  the  uninterrupted  continuation 
of  this  valuable  series  of  documents,  which,  for  the  first  time, 
have  given  historical  students  a  detailed  account  of  the  inti- 
mate every-day  life  of  the  Colony.  Under  direction  of  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Society,  the  Corresponding  Secretary  went  to 
Washington,  and,  through  the  courteous  permission  of  the 
Cliief  Librarian,  had  "photostat"  copies  made  of  a  large  portion 
of  the  original  IMS.  This  he  is  now  transcribing  and  annotating, 
and  the  first  instalment  of  his  work  is  already  in  type  for  the 
January  (1916)  number  of  the  Magazine.  We  may  repeat  here, 
without  fear  of  successful  contradiction,  what  was  asserted  in 
our  Report  of  two  years  ago — that  no  printed  document  what- 
ever dealing  with  early  Colonial  industrial  and  social  life  is  of 
more  solid  and  illumining  value  than  these  "Minutes." 

3.  The  series  of  ''Abstracts,"  by  the  late  W.  N.  Sainsbury,  as 
well  as  the  "Complete  Transcripts"  from  the  originals  in  the 
British  "Public  Records  Office"  (now  in  the  Virginia  State 
Library  and  commonly  known  as  the  "Dejamette,"  "Winder," 
and  "McDonald"  Papers)  have  regularly  appeared  in  each 
number  of  the  Magazine,  covering  the  years  1677  and  167S. 
These  latter  instalments,  it  may  here  be  noted,  offer  minute 
details  of  the  very  troublous  period  immediately  following 
"Bacon's  Rebellion." 

4.  The  "Council  Papers"  (i6g8-i'/oi),  transcribed  by  our  own 
co|)yist  from  the  rare  and  long-forgotten  MS  volume,  so  en- 
titled, in  the  Virginia  State  Library  (which  bears  on  the  fly- 
leaf the  inscription,  "This  Book  begun  by  Mr.  Benjamin  Har- 


ir// 


X  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

rison,  Clerk  of  ye  Council  in  1698")  have  also  ran  through  the 
year  to  the  increasing  delight  of  both  the  historical  student 
and  the  idlest  general  reader.  These  "Papers,"  never  before 
in  print  until  published  in  our  pages,  constitute,  in  truth,  a 
veritable  "human  document,"  containing,  as  they  do,  not  only 
formal  official  communications,  "instructions"  and  proclama- 
tions, but  a  wealth  of  personal  letters  vividly  portraying  the 
social  and  economic  life  of  the  Colonists. 

5.  We  ha\'e  also  drawn  largely  during  the  year  from  the 
manuscript  treasures  of  our  own  collections: 

As  worthy  of  especial  note  among  the  papers  so  published,  we 
may  mention:  (1)  Letters  of  Thomas  Adams  (brother  of  Col. 
Richard  Adams,  some  of  whose  letters  we  published  last  year 
in  our  Magazine),  which,  dealing,  as  they  do,  with  the  trade 
between  Virginia  and  the  mother-country  in  the  years  immedi- 
ately preceding  the  Revolution  (1708-1775),  must  prove  of 
distinct  interest  to  economic  students;  (2)  a  series  of  "Letters 
and  other  Papers,"  which  embrace  as  wide  a  range  in  subject- 
matter  as  they  cover  in  time  (1705-1829);  chief  among  them 
being  the  letters  from  Edward  Athawes,  London  Merchant, 
to  "the  Hon'ble  John,  Charles  and  Landon  Carter,  Esquires,  in 
Rappahannock  River,  Virginia,"  relating  to  the  consignments 
of  tobacco,  made  to  him  from  the  estate  of  their  nephew  and 
ward,  Robert  Carter  of  "Nominy,"  at  that  time  a  minor,  who 
was,  later  on,  to  Ijc known  as  that  "Councillor  Carter,"  who  has 
been  so  graphically  portrayed  for  us  by  Philip  Fithian  in  his 
delightful  "Diary."  The  s]Decial  value  of  these  Athawes 
letters  lies  in  the  minute  details  they  give  as  to  the  conditions 
at  that  time  (1735)  of  the  Virginia  tobacco  trade,  then  (as  for 
many  years  before  and  after)  the  chief  commercial  business  of 
the  Colony.-  Tliese  are  followed  by  a  number  of  letters  of 
considerable  moment  to  Revolutionary  students  written  to 
Col.  Theodorick  Bland  (commanding  the  regiment  guarding 
British  prisoners  in  Albemarle  Co.,  Va.,  1779)  by  John  Allen, 
CajJtain  and  Quartermaster;  then  (going  back  chronologically) 
a  scries  of  letters  from  Nathaniel  Blackiston  (fonnerly  a  Gover- 
nor of  Maryland,  but,  at  the  time,  "Agent  of  Virginia  and 
Maryland"  in  England)  to  Philiij  Ludwell  (Second)  of  "Green- 


PROCEEDINGS.  '  XI 

Spring,"  James  City  County,  Va.  (the  uncompromising  enemy 
of  quarrelsome  Governor  Nicholson),  mainly  taken  up  with  the 
political  gossip  "at  home."  More  attractive  still  to  the  general 
reader,  who  finds  his  interest  in  social  life  and  manners  rather 
than  in  poHtical  or  economic  discussions,  will  prove  the  intimate 
family  letters  of  Mrs.  Lucy  Ambler  of  "Morven,"  Fauquier  Co., 
to  her  cousin,  Mrs.  Sallie  Massie  of  Nelson  Co.,  which  portray 
in  artless  and  lively  fashion  the  busy  life  of  the  mistress  of  a 
Virginia  plantation  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  and 
which,  incidentally,  give  most  abundant  proof  of  the  kindly, 
nay,  afifectionate,  relations,  that  existed  between  master  and 
servants  (they  were  never  called  "slaves"  by  gentle-folk)  in 
those  brave  old  days.  Their  charm  is  no  whit  impaired  by  a 
variegated,  not  to  say  picturesque,  orthography,  which  the 
most  radical  "Spelling  Reformer"  has  never  rivalled  in  his 
most  daring  aberrations  from  the  norm.  Nor  do  these  eccen- 
tricities of  orthography,  even  in  a  more  exaggerated  degree, 
detract  from  our  keen  interest  in  the  letters  of  Mistress  Eliza- 
beth Beverley  of  "Blandfield,"  Essex  Co.  (sister  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary statesman,  Richard  Bland  of  "Jordan's  Point,"  Prince 
George  County),  evidently  a  "Colonial  Dame"  of  masterful 
mind,  who  did  not  hesitate  to  score  relentlessly  her  "grate 
relations"  for  not  succoring  her  "Sis'r  JMunford"  left  in  straitened 
circumstances.  Other  letters  under  this  general  title,  treating 
of  Colonial  and  Revolutionary  matters,  are  equally  readable. 
6.  Of  special  value  is  a  series  of  papers  entitled  ''The  Vir- 
ginia Frontier  in  History,  1778",  contributed  by  Mr.  David  I. 
Bushnell,  Jr.  (a  member  of  the  Society),  who  has  achieved  high 
reputation  as  an  expert  in  Indian  history  in  the  "Bureau  of 
American  Ethnology."  It  is  the  work  of  a  trained  specialist 
and  contains  many  highly  important  documents  transcribed 
by  the  writer  from  the  archives  of  the  Virginia  State  Library 
and  the  Library  of  Congress,  that  deal  with  the  history  of  our 
frontier  in  1778  and  our  relations  with  "the  wily  red-skins." 
Three  instalments  of  this  most  valuable  paper  have  been  pub- 
lished (beginning  with  the  April  number  of  the  Magazine)  and 
the  series  is  to  be  continued.  It  is  admirably  annotated 
throughout,  and,  when  completed,  should  be  j^resented  in  book 


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XU  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

form  as  constituting  a  solid  contribution  to  tlie  early  history 
of  this  commonwealth. 

7.  To  the  long  list  of  historical  "finds"  that  stand  to  our 
credit  during  recent  and  past  years,  we  have  added  yet  another 
of  prime  importance,  vi'hich  appeared  in  our  July  number  under 
the  title  "Acts,  Orders  and  Resolutions  of  the  General  Assem- 
bly oj  Virginia,  At  Sessions  of  1643-1646."  These  Acts  and 
other  "proceedings"  (not  printed  in  Hening,  it  is  to  be  noted) 
are  contained  in  a  manuscript  volume,  which  Mr.  Charles  F. 
Mcintosh  (an  indefatigable  antiquarian  and  member  of  this 
Society)  discovered  a  short  time  ago  while  making  researches 
in  the  Clerk's  Office  at  Portsmouth,  Virginia.  Apprized  of  the 
"find",  Dr.  Henry  R.  Mcllwaine,  our  alert  and  accomplished 
State  Librarian  (who  is  as  keen  in  running  down  an  old  Vir- 
ginia manuscript  as  ever  was  Sir  Francis  Drake  in  his  roving 
quest  of  the  treasure-ships  of  "Old  Spain")went  at  once  to  Ports- 
mouth in  person,  examined  the  precious,  long-forgotten,  vol- 
ume and,  having  secured  from  the  proper  custodians  pennission 
to  do  so,  brought  back  the  book  to  Richmond,  and  had  it  copied 
by  one  of  the  trained  scribes  of  the  Library  Staff,  with  the  view 
of  incorporating  these  "Acts"  in  any  future  collection  of  Vir- 
ginia laws.  But,  as  there  seemed  no  prospect  of  publishing 
such  a  collection  for  some  time  to  come,  he  most  generously 
handed  over  his  copy  to  our  Editor  for  publication  in  the  Mag- 
azine. 

The  Acts  of  the  Session  of  March  1643,  deal  especially  with 
the  Second  Indian  War,  an  episode  in  our  Colonial  history  of 
which  very  little  has  been,  heretofore,  known.  There  are  also 
other  "Acts"  of  no  small  importance,  among  them  one  (printed 
it  is  true,  in  Hening,  but  erroneously  dated)  entitled,  "A  Dec- 
laration concerning  the  Dutch  War,  1647,"  which  (pp.  244-246 
of  the  Magazine)  contains  a  very  vigorous  statement  of  Colonial 
rights  in  the  matter  "granted  unto  us  by  ancient  charter." 

Your  Committee  takes  this  occasion  to  make  grateful 
knowlcdgement  of  Dr.  Mcllwaine's  courtesy,  which  affords 
additional  evidence  of  his  constant  readiness  to  serve  the  in- 
terests of  the  Society,  which  in  this  instance  are  identical  with 
"the  good  of  the  State." 


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PROCEEDINGS.  .  ..'  Xlli 

8.  Of  noteworthy  value  to  determined  historical  students 
may  be  also  mentioned:  (1)  "Index  to  Bnmswick  County 
(Va.)  Wills"  (Letter  H),  wliich  we  owe  to  the  industry  of  Air. 
W.  B.  Cridlin  of  this  city  (a  member  of  the  Society)  and  which 
is  to  be  continued  by  that  painstaking  antiquarian;  (2)  the  con- 
tinuation of  "Animadversions  on  a  Paper  Entitulated  Virginia 
Addresses,  Printed  in  Philadelphia,"  a  document  prepared  by 
the  House  of  Burgesses  during  their  quarrel  with  Governor 
Spotswood  (1719),  which  we  dealt  with  at  length  in  our  last 
Report;  (3)  "County  Court  Proceedings  in  Virginia,  1734," 
which  contains  some  very  amusing  reading  to  the  "layman," 
whatever  its  worth  to  the  legal  profession;  (4)  "Lists  of  Tith- 
ables  of  Pittsylvania  County,  year  17G7,"  for  which  we  are 
indebted  to  Mrs.  N.  E.  Clement  of  Chatham,  Virginia  (a  mem- 
ber of  the  Society),  for  whose  valuable  contributions  to  our 
Alagazine  we  have  often  had  occasion  to  express  profound 
gratitude.  These  "Lists"  give  the  number  of  acres  of  land 
owned  by  each  resident  in  the  county  together  with  the  names 
of  the  "tithables."  It  is  greatly  to  be  regretted  that  we  have 
not  similar  lists  for  all  the  counties  in  this  commonwealth, 
which,  through  close  comparative  study,  would  enable  us  to 
solve  not  a  few  vexed  problems  of  our  economic  history ; 

(5)  "Abstracts  of  Lists  of  Wills  and  Administrations  from 
British  Probate  Courts,"  which  have  been  published  in  our 
Magazine  during  the  past  twelve  years  (beginning  January, 
1903)  under  the  title  "Virginia  Gleanings  in  England." 

It  would  be  idle  for  us  to  dwell  again  on  the  illumining  side- 
lights shed  on  the  social  and  economic  life  of  our  early  Col. 
onial  era  by  these  "Gleanings,"  so  generously  "compiled  and 
presented"  to  the  Society  by  our  staunch  friend,  Mr.  Lothrop 
Withington,  of  London.  Repeatedly,  year  after  year,  have  we 
made  grateful  acknowledgement  to  him  of  his  unwearied  labors. 
This  alphabetical  reference  list  to  the  entire  series  (which  will 
prove  a  boon  to  all  students  of  Virginia  history)  was  also 
"compiled  and  presented"  by  Mr.  Withington,  and  alas!  is  to 
be  the  last  of  the  many  kind  services  that  he  so  ungrudingly 
rendered  the  Society.  Finis  opus  coronatl;  (G)  an  artless,  yet 
shrewd,  and,  we  doubt  not,  veracious,  description  of  Virginia 


mz 


XIV  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE, 

as  it  was  in  1785,  contained  in  a  lengthy  letter  written  by  a 
young  Irishman,  John  Jo^'ce,  to  his  uncle,  the  Rev.  Robert 
Dickson,  of  Narrow  Water  near  Newry,  County  Armagh. 
This  most  interesting  letter  was  given  to  the  vSociety  many 
years  ago  by  Governor  John  Letcher  (Virginia's  "War  Gover- 
nor") and  according  to  tradition  was  found  in  Norfolk,  Vir- 
ginia, during  the  war  of  1812.  From  certain  allusions  in  this 
letter,  Joyce  was  probably  tutor  in  the  family  of  Thomas 
Lomax  of  "Portobago  Bay,"  on  the  Rappahannock.  The 
letter  has  been  admirably  annotated  by  our  Editor  and  fonns 
most  agreeable  reading.  It  is  amusing  to  see  that  the  groans 
of  the  farmers  over  "unjust  taxes"  were  as  deep  and  dismal  in 
1785  as  they  are  now,  and,  no  doubt,  will  continue  to  be  till  the 
crack  o'doom. 

The  Departments  of  "Notes  and  Queries,"  "Book-Reviews" 
and  "Genealogy,"  have  been  conducted  on  the  usual  high  plane. 
As  regards  the  last-named  department,  it  is  pertinent  to  men- 
tion here  that  the  general  reader,  who  may  care  little  for  gen- 
ealogy in  itself,  will  find,  on  even  a  cursory  glance,  that  many 
of  these  "genealogies"  (comprising,  as  they  do,  wills,  inven- 
tories and  domestic  letters)  throw  unexpected  light  on  the 
social  and  economic  history  of  the  time,  while  affording  most 
delightful  and  instructive  reading.  It  is  gratifying  to  recall 
that  not  a  few  men  and  women,  who  originally  joined  the 
Society  for  only  a  single  year  in  order  to  receive  the  Magazine 
during  the  publication  of  some  particular  genealogy,  have 
gradually  become  deeply  interested  in  general  Virginia  history 
and  are'  now  reckoned  among  our  most  dependable  subscribers. 
It  seems,  indeed,  safe  to  say  that  a  large  i^roportion  of  our 
present  membership  had  this  origin. 

.  1916.  •    • 

Our  Editor  has  already  mapped  out  a  most  attractive  pro- 
gramme for  1910. 

The  ''Minutes  of  the  Council  cuid  General  Court"  will  con- 
tinue through  the  whole  year,  as  will  also  the  "Sainsbnry  Ab- 
stracts" and  "Complete  Transcripts"  from  the  originals  in  the 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XV 

British  Public  Records  Ofilce,  from   1077  on   (known  as  the 
"Dcjarnette,"  "Winder"  and  "McDonald"  Papers.) 

The  "Council  Papers"  will  be  continued  (and  jfrobably 
concluded)  during  the  year. 

Mr.  David  I.  Bushnell,  Jr.,  has  kindly  j^romised  to  contri- 
bute at  least  two  more  instalments  of  his  most  valuable  mono- 
graph on  "The  Virginia  Frontier  in  History,  177S,"  the  previous 
sections  of  which  have  already  excited  wide-spread  interest 
and  commendation.  Mrs.  Clement's  "Pittsylvania  Tithables" 
and  Mr.  W.  B.  Cridlin's  "Index  to  Sussex  County  Wills"  (the 
last  instalment  of  which  appeared  in  1913,  Vol.  XXI,  pp.  2o9- 
276)  will,  both,  be  resumed  and  carried  through  to  com};letion. 

Most  of  our  readers,  no  doubt,  still  cherish  delightful  recol- 
lections of  the  "Moravian  Diaries  of  Travel  through  Vir- 
ginia," translated  from  the  Geraian  originals  in  the  archives 
of  the  Moravian  church  at  Bethlehem,  Penn.,  by  Rev.  William 
J.  Hinke,  Ph.  D.,  assisted  by  Mr.  Charies  E.  Kemper  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  These  "Diaries,"  minutely  annotated  by  these 
two  able  scholars  and  acute  antiquarians,  of  the  brave  and 
pious  Isloravian  IVIissionaries,  who  came  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  Western  portion  of  this  Colony  about  the  middle  of  the 
eighteenth  century  (1748  on),  contain  vivid  pictures  of  the  rude 
settlers  among  whom  they  labored,  and,  when  presented  to  the 
reading  public  in  our  pages  (where  they  appeared  for  the  first 
time  in  English),  were,  ever>^vhere  and  at  once,  recognized  as  a 
contribution  of  prime  import  to  a  more  precise  knowledge  of 
the  influence  of  the  Gemian  element  in  the  settlement  of  many 
Virginia  counties,  notably  in  the  settlement  of  "the  Valley." 

Dr.  Hinke  has  now  translated  (from  a  copy  of  the  original 
in  the  "City  Library"  of  Berne),  the  "Report  of  the  Journey 
of  Francis  Louis  Michel  from  Berne,  Switzeriand,  to  Virginia, 
Oct.  2nd,  1701— Dec.  1st,  1792."  This  "Report,"  carefully 
annotated  by  the  translator,  will  appear  for  the  first  time  in 
English  guise  in  the  pages  of  our  Magazine  for  the  coming  year. 
The  first  instalment  will  be  printed  in  our  January  (1910) 
number,  accompanied  by  a  very  curious  map  (on  a  reduced 
scale)  drawn  by  Michel  himself.  The  traveller  also  left  a 
series  of  sketches  of  such  ancient  historic  buildings  as  the  first 


vx 


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XVI  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

College  of  William  and  Mary,  the  Virginia  State  House,  Old 
Bruton  Church,  of  the  Indians  and  their  houses  etc.,  all  of 
which  will  appear  as  illustrative  of  the  text,  as  it  api:ears  in 
successive  instalments. 

A  close  investigation  recently  made  by  our  Corresponding 
Secretary  and  Editor,  disclosed  the  fact  that  only  about  twenty- 
nine  of  the  one  hundred  and  forty  letters  contained  in  the 
"Letter-Book"  (1683-1G91)  of  Captain  William  Byrd  (father 
of  the  more  celebrated  Col.  William  Byrd  of  Westover)  had 
been  printed  in  Maxwell's  "Historical  Register"  (I,  GO,  11-i; 
n,  78,  203).  Mr.  Maxwell  (nomen  venerabile!)  appears  to  have 
selected  at  random  those  that  he  decided  to  print  from  the  little 
MS  volume  that  has  been  for  so  many  years  in  our  possession. 
However,  some  of  the  "curious"  may  recall  that  those  that  he 
did  print  excited  at  the  time  very  lively  attention,  and  our 
Editor,  finding  these  unpublished  ones  no  whit  inferior  in  in- 
terest to  those  already  given  to  the  public,  has  decided  to  print 
(beginning,  probably,  with  our  April  number)  the  entire  col- 
lection until  completed. 

While  our  lamented  friend,  Mr.  Lothrop  Withington,  left 
unfinished  much  of  the  work  which  he  had  proposed  doing  for 
the  Society  in  the  matter  of  "Abstracts"  from  British  Wills 
relating  to  Virginia  and  Virginians,  he  yet  left  with  us  (on  the 
eve  of  his  faring  on  his  last  fateful  voyage)  a  very  considerable 
number  of  completed  abstracts,  wiiich  will  enable  us  to  carry  on 
the  scries  of  "Virginia  Gleanings  in  England"  for  some  time  to 
come.  As  repeatedly  dwelt  on  by  us  in  Report  after  Report 
(and  as  touched  upon  above),  these  abstracts  throw  such  light 
(direct  and  indirect)  on  the  character  of  Virginia  immigrants 
and  on  their  social  and  industrial  life,  that  it  is  earnestly  to  be 
hoped  that  some  enthusiastic  antiquarian  over  seas  may  siill 
be  found  to  continue  this  part,  at  least,  of  Mr.  Withington 's 
manifold  activities  in  furthering  the  aims  of  this  Society. 

The  publication  of  letters  and  documents  relating  to  our 
Revolutionary  soldiers  and  to  Virginia  matters  during,  and 
immediately  subsequent  to,  that  momentous  struggle,  will  be 
continued.       .,  ,   . 


Itl 


PROCEEDINGS.  XVll 

The  "Book-Reviews,"  "Notes  and  Queries"  and  "Genealogy" 
will,  of  course,  be  earned  on  with  the  same  conscientious  care 
as  heretofore.  For  this  last  department,  we  have  been  for- 
tunate enough  to  secure  from  Dr.  J.  Hall  Pleasants  of  Balti- 
more, Md.  (a  member  of  the  Society)  a  series  of  contributions 
that  we  are  confident  will  be  found  of  si)ecial  historical  value, 
as  well  as  of  marked  interest  to  the  general  reader.  Taking  as  his 
text  (so  to  speak)  the  children  (immigrants  to  Virginia)  of  the 
Rev.  John  Gorsuch,  an  aggressive  and  fearless  "Royalist"  par- 
son, and  of  Anne,  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Lovelace 
and  sister  of  Richard  Lovelace,  i)rince  of  "Ca\'alier  Poets," 
Dr.  Pleasants  has  through  painstaking  investigations,  boih 
here  and  in  England,  established  kinship  of  these  children  with 
a  group  of  famous  Kentish  "Worthies,"  who  exercised  a  com- 
manding influence  on  early  Virginia  colonization.  Licluded  in 
this  group  are  names  that  still  stir  the  blood  of  Virginians  "to 
the  manner  boni" — Sir  Edwin  Sandys,  George  Sandys,  Sir 
Francis  Wyatt,  and  of  an  earlier  date,  Christopher  Carlisle,  Sir 
Humphrey  Gilbert,  Sidney,  Walsingham,  and  the  Earl  of  Essux. 
The  inherent  value  of  Dr.  Pleasants'  printed  images  vrill  be  still 
further  enhanced  by  the  insertion  in  the  text  of  a  number  of 
illustrations — photographs  of  family  portraits,  old  churches, 
monuments  etc. — which  this  delightful  antiquarian  secured 
during  his  various  pilgrimages  to  England. 

It  is  pertinent  to  suggest  here  that  a  "General  Index"  to  our 
Magazine  is  greatly  needed.  The  demand  for  it  comes  again 
and  again  to  us  from  busy  historical  students,  but  such  an 
imdertaking  is  at  j^resent  beyond  the  means  of  the  Society. 

If  a  sufficient  number  of  subscribers  to  such  a  volume  could 
be  secured  beforehand,  it  would  be  feasible  at  the  close  of  1917 
to  publish  a  general  index  covering  the  twenty-five  volumes 
of  our  Magazine.     Subscriptions  may  be  sent  to  our  Secretary. 

Your  Committee,  while  recording  here,  as  is  only  just,  its 
high  sense  of  the  industry  and  fidelity  of  the  whole  working 
staff  of  the  Society,  desires  to  mark  in  an  especial  manner  its 
deep  appreciation  of  the  unwearied  labors  of  our  Corresponding 
Secretary,  who  by  his  learning,  critical  acumen  and  Hterary 
skill  has  achieved  for  our  Magazine  an  assured  position  among 


IIVX 


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XVni  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

the  foremost  of  like  historical  publications  at  home  and  abroad — 
steadily  maintaining  its  prestige,  as  the  years  go  by,  until  today 
it  is  everywhere  quoted  as  definitive  "authority"  by  all  students 
who  deal  with  Virginia  history. 

It  is  pleasant  to  record  in  this  connection  that  the  ancient 
foundation  of  "William  and  Mary"  has  during  the  year,  in  rec- 
ognition of  his  learning  and  devotion  to  letters,  conferred  upon 
him  her  highest  (and  rarely  accorded)  degree  of  "Doctor of  Laws." 

Necrology. 
Life  Members. 
Judge  Theodore  S.  Garnett,  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

Annual  IMembers. 
Major  John  P.  Branch,  Richmond,  Virginia. 
James  N.  Boyd,  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Lucas  Brodhead,  Versailles,  Kentucky. 
Mrs.  F.  M.  Boykin,  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Commander  M.  B.  Buford,  U.  S.  N.,  Paris,  France. 
C.  B.  Bryant,  Martin.svillc,  Virginia. 
Alexander  Cameron,  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Brig.-General  C.  C.  C.  Carr,  U.  S.  A.,  Chicago,  Illinois. 
Hon.  Holmes  Conrad,  Winchester,  Virginia. 
Jacob  Hefflefinger,  Hampton,  Virginia. 
Robert  L.  Parrish,  Jr.,  Covington,  \'irginia. 
L.  R.  Warren,  Richniond,  Virginia. 
Hon.  Joseph  E.  Washington,  Wessyngton,  Tennessee. 
Dr.  John  F.  Winn,  Riclmiond,  Virginia. 
LoTHROP  Withington,  LondoH,  England. 

This  is  next  to  the  longest  "Necrology"  that  we  hav^e  ever 
had  to  record  in  the  history  of  the  Society. 

Not  a  few  of  the  names  embraced  in  the  sad  roll  are  of  those 
who  were  not  only  men  of  distinction  in  their  respective  com- 
munities and  states,  but  conspicuous  for  their  talents  and  high 
personal  and  civic  virtues  throughout  the  whole  country. 

During  recent  years,  it  has  been  usual  for  the  President  to 
sketch  in  outline  the  careers  of  our  deceased  members,  but  so 
long  is  the  present  mournful  roll  that  it  is  manifestly  impossible, 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XIX 

within  the  limits  at  his  command,  for  him  to  do  this  in  every 
case  for  the  current  year.  In  not  a  few  cases,  indeed,  lack  of 
intimate  personal  knowledge  would  alone  forbid  such  an  at- 
tempt, for  the  mere  conventional  notice  always  rings  false  and 
not  only  defeats  its  well-meant  purpose,  but,  oftentimes,  does 
grave  injustice  to  the  dead. 

Yet,  surely,  it  is  only  becoming  that  in  the  "Minutes"  of  the 
Society  there  should  be  some  record,  however  halting,  of  those 
who  were  not  only  knit  to  us  by  ties  of  long  and  intimate  friend- 
ship, but  whose  loyalty  to  this  association  never  wavered  when 
our  skies  were  not  so  bright  as  they  are  to-day 

Foremost  among  these  is  Judge  Theodore  S.  Gamett  of  Nor- 
folk, the  only  name,  indeed,  stricken  from  the  roll  of  Life  Mem- 
bership, yet  a  loss  of  such  grievous  import  to  the  community 
and  commonwealth,  to  the  jwofession  and  to  the  ancient  com- 
munion to  which  he  belonged,  as  well  as  to  a  large  circle  of 
kinsmen,  comrades,  and  friends,  that  it  is  difficult  to  speak  of 
this  daring  soldier,  learned  jurist  and  humble-minded  christian, 
this  n:ost  lovable  and  most  loyal  of  friends,  save  in  terms 
which  to  those  who  did  not  enjoy  the  privilege  of  his  intimate 
I  friendship  must  savor  of  rhetorical  extravagance. 

But  in  this  presence,  at  least,  where  so  many  of  \^ou  knew  him 
as  he  was,  one  need  not  fear  that  imputation.  The  misgiving 
is,  rather,  that  you  will  deem  the  outline  blurred  by  excess  of 
caution  and  repression. 

Living  slightly  beyond  the  Psalmist's  limit  of  three  score 
years  and  ten,  his  career  was  a  busy  and  beneficient  one  to  the 
end,  and  though,  speaking  with  rigorous  exactness,  it  was  in 
the  main  uneventful,  yet  not  a  few  honors  came  to  him  as  the 
3^ears  went  by,  and,  as  he  himself  loved  most  to  remember,  in 
"the  May  of  youth  and  bloom  of  lustihood"  he  had  known  many 
a  "crowded  hour  of  glorious  life,"  and  had,  on  field  of  battle, 
won  the  plaudits  of  grizzled  veterans  ere  the  down  was  on  his 
cheek.  So  strenuous  indeed  was  his  life  from  early  boyhood, 
that  it  is  not  possible  to  set  down  here  more  than  a  mere  outline 
of  its  varied  activities.  ,.,>„.:  ■    ■,  ,  >        ! 

Briefly  then,  Theodore  Stanford  Garnett,  Jr.,  was  born  in 
Richmond,  Virginia,  on  October  28th,  1844,  son  and  namesake 


JIOV/ 


XX  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGARINE. 

of  Theodore  S.  Gamett,  an  able  civil  engineer,  and  of  his  wife, 
Florentina  Isidora  Moreno  of  Pensacola,  daughter  of  Francisco 
Moreno  and  grand-daughter  of  Fernando  Moreno,  of  an  ancient 
Spanish  family,  who  had  migrated  from  Malaga  to  Florida,  and 
settled  there,  while  as  yet  it  was  a  province  of  "Old  S]Dain." 

As  a  lad  of  ten,  his  parents,  at  the  time,  living  in  the  county  of 
Hanover,  he  entered  the  famous  "EpiscoiJal  High  School"  near 
Alexandria  (of  which  he  was  destined  in  after  years  to  become 
one  of  the  "Trustees")  and  there  remained  until  the  outbreak 
of  the  "War  Between  the  States." 

Virginia  having  seceded  on  April  17th,  18G1,  young  Gamett 
(true  to  the  instincts  of  his  martial  blood  on  both  sides  of  his 
house)  hastened  back  to  his  coimtry  home  and  at  once  enlisted 
as  a  private  soldier  in  the  light  battery  that  was  then  being 
formed  by  that  gallant  old  soldier,  Captain  (afterwards  Colonel) 
Wilham  Nelson- — a  battery  that  was  destined  in  the  impending 
struggle  to  win  great  glory  under  the  name  of  the  "Hanover 
Artillery." 

The  necessary  quota  of  men  was  rapidly  made  up  and  the 
comiJ^any,  forthwith,  marched  to  Richmond  to  be  mustered  in. 
There  the  lad's  military  ardor  met  an  unexpected  check.  He 
was  but  sixteen  and  a  half  years  old  and  looked  much  younger, 
so,  despite  his  almost  passionate  pleading,  the  enrolling  officer 
refused  to  accept  him.  In  desjieration,  and  much  aggrieved, 
"The."  (as  he  was  always  affectionately  called  by  his  intimates), 
along  with  two  other  youthful  companions  who  had  been 
similarly  rejected,  sought  out  General  Robert  E.  Lee,  who,  as 
"Military  Adviser"  to  President  Davis,  was  occupying  at  the 
time  as  his  head-quarters  a  small  one-story  building  that  had 
been  hastily  constructed  within  the  "Capitol  Square  "  General 
Lee,  always  kindly  and  accessible  to  young  folk,  and  who,  be- 
sides, knew  Gamett's  "people",  listened  patiently  to  the  boyish 
trio,  but  proved  as  inexorable  as  the  hard-hearted  mustcring- 
officer:  "Go  back  to  your  homes,  my  boys,  and  wait  a  little. 
We  shall  need  you  later  on,"  was  his  answer  to  their  eager 
pleas — almost  identical,  as  to  words,  with  his  firm  refusal  to  his 
own  son,  Robert  (exactly  a  year  older  than  "The."),  who  was 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XXI 

"wild"  to  enlist  in  the  early  days  of  '01.  So,  Garnett  sadly 
went  his  way,  and,  in  default  of  anything  better,  accepted 
gladly  a  clerkship  in  the  "Navy  Department,"  offered  him  by 
the  Hon.  Stephen  R.  Mallory,  who  was  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
in  Mr.  Davis's  Cabinet  and  who  had  married  a  sister  of  "The.'s" 
mother.  With  this  he  had  to  be  content  for  over  eighteen 
months,  but  the  longed-for  chance  was  close  at  hand,  and  he 
owed  it  to  the  fact  that  he  wrote  a  fine  and  fast  and  flowing 
hand.  Stuart  having  asked  the  Secretary  if  he  could  recom- 
mend to  him  as  clerk  at  his  headquarters  some  trustworthy 
young  man,  who  wrote  a  "rapid  and  distinct  hand"  (the  latter 
he  especially  insisted  on),  the  kind  uncle,  who  had  watched  the 
lad  fretting  over  "being  in  a  bomb-proof"  and  who  sympathized 
with  his  longing  to  be  with  his  brother  and  other  near  kinsmen 
yonder  at  the  front,  recommended  his  nephew  for  the  coveted 
billet,  and  "The.,"  having  promptly  enlisted  (in  June,  1803) 
in  the  "Essex  Troop  (Co.  F,  9th  Va.  Cavalry),  was  straightway 
detailed  by  Stuart  as  a  clerk  at  his  headquarters.  At  last  he 
had  his  heart's  desire,  nay,  even  more  than  that,  for  he  had 
never  dreamed  of  such  luck  as  serving  under  the  immediate 
eye  of  the  great  cavalry  leader. 

Stuart  from  the  first  took  a  great  fancy  to  the  handsome 
youngster,  who  was  modest  and  anxious  to  please,  while  his 
penmanship,  even  at  that  early  age,  was  distinguished  for  its 
beauty  and  legibility,  as  one  may  see  who  cares  to  examine 
the  original  of  one  of  Stuart's  "Official  Reports"  now  on  file 
in  the  Archives  of  the  "Confederate  Museum"  in  this  city, 
which  is  entirely  in  Gamett's  handwriting. 

But  better  things  were  to  come.  In  that  vigorous  campaign 
of  '03,  the  headquarters  of  the  Cavalry  Corps,  except  for  rare 
intervals,  was  "in  the  saddle,"  and  Stuart  who  saw  everything, 
observing  with  an  approving  eye  the  eager  valor  of  his  young 
scribe,  who  seemed  to  be  quite  as  ready  with  sword  as  with  pen 
when  occasion  demanded,  soon  began  to  count  on  his  alert  in- 
telligence and  cool  courage  in  carrying  orders,  and  Garnett 
speedily  became  one  of  his  most  trusted  "couriers." 

You  will  find  his  name  in  the  small  list  of  "couriers"  men- 
tioned for  gallantry  by  Stuart  in  his  "Official  Report  of  the 


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Gettysburg  Campaign."  This  eager  valor  in  the  melee  and 
ready  efficiency  in  office-work  were,  in  no  long  time,  to  be  still 
further  rewarded,  for  in  February  of  'G4,  Stuart  recommended 
that  he  be  commissioned  lirst-lieutenant  of  cavalry,  and  on 
March  11th  announced  him  in  "General  Orders"  as  his  personal 
aide-de-camp. 

From  that  time  on,  Garnett  was  always  to  be  found  riding 
hard  by  the  bridle-rein  of  our  "Rupert  of  the  South,"  whom  it 
is  no  exaggeration  to  declare  he  fairly  worshipped  with  all  the 
intensity  of  his  generous  boyish  heart. 

But  alas!  he  was  not  destined  long  so  to  ride,  for  exactl}^  sixty 
days  from  the  time  when  he  had  been  officially  announced  as 
his  "A.  D.  C.,"  came  that  fateful  May-evening  yonder  at 
"Yellow  Tavern,"  when  Stuart  received  his  mortal  wound, 
while  barring  the  way  to  the  Confederate  capital  with  a  mere 
handful  of  his  veteran  horsemen,  who,  inspired,  as  it  were,  by 
their  youthful  leader's  splendid  audacity,  hurled  back  (though 
the  odds  were  easily  four  to  one)  the  desperate  onslaught  of 
Sheridan's  bold  troopers  seeking  to  pierce  the  "inner  lines"  of 
the  "Richmond  Defences." 

The  city  was,  indeed,  saved,  but  at  a  cost  second  only  to  the 
price  paid  for  victory  at  "Chancellorsville,"  where  (one  year 
before  almost  to  the  day)  Jackson  had  fallen,  and  Stuart  had 
been  chosen  by  Lee  as  fittest  to  tal-ce  his  place  in  the  tumult 
of  the  wavering  combat. 

As  his  aide-de-camp,  Gamett  was  one  of  the  three  staff- 
officers  who  bore  their  stricken  chief  to  this  city,,  where  he 
quietly  passed  away  the  next  evening. 

To  the  day  of  his  death,  though  fifty  years  and  more  had 
passed,  Gamett  could  never  speak,  without  a  sob  in  his  voice, 
of  that  last  scene,  when  his  brilliant  young  chief  (he  was  but 
thirty-one)  breathed  out  his  heroic  soul  The  same  was  true 
of  Major  Andrew  Reid  VenaVjle,  another  of  the  staff-officers 
who  bore  him  from  the  field,  though  Venable  had  stayed  with 
him  but  a  few  brief  moments  and  had  then  galloped  back  to 
the  front. 

It  may  interest  some  of  you  to  know  that  this  scene,  so  feel- 
ingly portrayed  by  our  Virginia  novelist,  John  Esten  Cooke, 


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PROCEEDINGS.  .  xxiii 

in  his  "Alohun,"  is  based  entirely  on  a  long  letter  written  to 
Cooke  (who  was  also  on  the  Cavalry  Head-quarter  Staff,  but 
not  present)  by  Gamett  in  1868.  Gamett's  letter,  the  original 
of  which  Cooke  returned  to  him  and  which,  later  on,  he  gave  to 
his  life-long  friend,  Joseph  Bryan,  President  of  this  Society,  is 
even  more  touching  in  its  boyish  grief,  than  the  page  from  the 
"practiced"  pen  of  the  accomplished  man-of-letters.  "Every- 
one of  us,"  he  ends,  "was  in  tears.  We  had  lost  our  father,  our 
brother,  our  friend,  our  beloved  General." 

On  Stuart's  death,  Gamett's  commission  as  "A.  D.  C." 
lapsed,  but  he  was  immediately  re-commissioned  first-lieutenant 
of  cavalry  in  the  "Provisional  Army  of  the  Confederate  States" 
and  assigned  to  the  staff  of  Major-Gen eral  William  H.  F.  Lee, 
with  whom  he  served  during  the  rest  of  that  wondrous  cam- 
paign of  '64,  reckoned  by  competent  military  critics  as  the 
greatest  that  Lee  ever  waged. 

Eariy  in  the  brief,  but  tragic,  campaign  of  '65,  he  was  pro- 
moted Captain  and  transfeiTed.  as  "Assistant-Adjutant-Gen- 
eral," to  the  Staff  of  Brigadier  William  P.  Roberts  of  North 
Carolina,  an  enterprising  and  daring  young  cavalry  officer, 
under  whom  he  served  until  the  "Surrender"  at  Appomattox 
C.  H. 

This  ended  his  active  career  as  a  soldier,  but  a  soldier  in 
heart  and  in  outward  bearing  he  remained  to  the  end.  His 
martial  port,  his  rather  swarthy  complexion,  inherited,  no 
doubt,  from  his  Spanish  ancestry,  his  firm-set  jaw,  which  not 
even  the  heavy  beard  could  conceal,  his  quick,  decisive,  tread 
and  ringing  voice,  all  proclaimed  him  a  veteran  even  to  the 
most  careless  eye.  In  truth,  t'was  in  the  blood.  His  mother's 
Castilian  ancestors  had  been  soldiers  in  Spain,  while  on  his 
father's  side  his  kinsmen  had  won  distinction  in  every  war 
waged  since  the  settlement  of  the  Colony— in  the  French  and 
Indian  wars,  in  the  Revolution,  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  in 
Mexico.  Above  all,  he  was  proud  to  remember  that  in  the 
great  struggle  in  which  he  himself  had  borne  honorable  part, 
the  name  of  these  kinsmen  had  been  legion— all  capable  and 
valorous  soldiers— not  least  among  them,  his  close  cousins. 
General  Robert  Selden  Garnett,  who  yielded  up  his  life  in  the 


mm 


to 

id 

;b1 


7  diif/ 


ii'ijiiji..';:  iiifi      .1 


XXIV  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

very  first  year  of  the  war  at  Carrick's  Ford,  and  General  Richard 
Brooke  Gamett,  who  fell  at  the  head  of  his  brigade  in  Pickett's 
immortal  charge  on  the  third  day  at  "Gettysburg." 

Yet,  however  martial  in  outward  seeming,  Gamett  himself 
was,  in  reality,  one  of  the  gentlest,  the  most  gracious,  and  most 
lovable  of  men,  and  though  God  had  given  him  the  heart  of  a 
lion,  He  had  also  given  him  the  heart  of  a  little  child. 

In  the  autumn  of  18G5,  scraping  together  such  meagre  funds 
as  liis  immediate  family  could  give  him,  he  entered  the  Law 
School  of  the  University  of  Virginia.  Sprung  as  well  from  a 
long  line  of  jurists  and  statesmen,  as  of  soldiers,  it  was  only 
natural  that  he  should  turn  to  the  law  as  a  profession.  But, 
beyond  that,  it  is  certain  that  he  was  influenced  in  his  choice 
by  the  advice  of  his  brother,  between  whom  and  himself  there 
existed  a  singularly  deep  devotion.  This  brother,  James 
IMcrcer  Garnett,  who  had  taken  a  brilliant  M.  A.  degree  at  the 
University,  had  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  enlisted  as  a  private 
soldier  in  the  famous  "Rockbridge  Battery,"  and,  rising  to  the 
grade  of  Captain  of  Artillery  in  '62,  had  served  gallantly  as 
Divisional  Ordnance  Officer  on  the  staff  of  the  lamented  Rodes, 
and,  after  the  heroic  death  of  that  officer  at  Winchester  in  Sep- 
tember 'G4,  on  the  staft"  of  Alajor-General  Bryan  Grimes  to  the 
end.  James  Garnett,  in  obedience  to  his  scholarly  instincts, 
ha\'ing  resolved  in  '05  to  make  teaching  his  life-work,  had  de- 
cided to  re-enter  the  University  (in  which,  later  on,  he  was 
destined  to  become  full  professor)  as  a  simple  "Licentiate  in 
Ancient  Languages,"  and  we  may  be  sure  that  this  decision 
had  much  to  do  with  solving  "The".'s  knotty  problem  as  to  his 
own  future  profession. 

And,  just  here,  it  is  not  only  pertinent,  but,  indeed,  necessary, 
even  in  so  slight  a  sketch  as  this,  that  we  should  pause  and  con- 
sider the  unique  conditions  that  existed  at  the  Uni\'ersity  dur- 
ing the  two  sessions  ('65-'66  and  '66-'67),  when  Gamett  was 
attending  lectures  there  in  the  Law  School 

To  essay  this  may  seem  to  some  an  irrelevant  excursus,  but 
this  is  far  from  true  We  must  know  sometliing  of  his  environ- 
ment during  those  years  that  ushered  in  his  fomial  manhood, 
if  we  would  know  the  man  himself. 


.J 


i::ii  <j;  fi*:  iwu  nnq  -^jSijsiA  a  .    y«  t 


i'  = 


liiMilUft    -Jljl    til    J^ 


PROCEEDINGS.  '  XXV 

As  the  conditions  that  existed  were  unique,  equally  unique 
was  the  "atmosphere"  they  created — an  "atmosphere"  which  the 
\'outhfuI  student  drank  in  with  full  lungs  and  which  inspired 
in  him  those  lofty  ideals  as  to  the  conduct  of  life  that  were  to 
iufonn  well-nigh  every  act  and  utterance  of  his  maturer  3'ears. 
Ne\'er  before  and  never  since  have  there  been  two  such  sessions 
in  the  history  of  the  great  institution,  which  is  the  pride  of  the 
commonwealth  and  of  the  whole  South.  It  was  a  veritable 
era  of  "plain  living  and  high  thinking."  The  state,  harried  by 
four  years  of  devastating  war,  lay  prostrate  and  could  extend 
ixit  meagre  help  to  "the  child  of  Jefferson's  old  age."  Every- 
where were  the  outward  signs  of  what  is  called  "poverty,"  but 
it  was  the  "poverty,"  which  the  great  Greek  tragedian,  in  a 
well-known  fragment,  calls  "tlie  stem  parent  who  breeds  the 
more  strenuous  sons,  better  fitted  for  the  strife  of  life."  Beside 
such  "poverty"— the  ''panperies  nitida"  of  the  Roman  poet— 
the  smug  luxury  of  the  rich  foundations  of  this  commercial  age 
seems  mean  and  tawdry. 

Never  was  there  gathered  within  "the  well-remembered 
gates  of  Alma  Mater"  such  a  band  of  determined  students,  a 
very  large  proportion  of  them,  though  young  in  years,  veterans 
of  Lee's  arniy,  who  every  day  went  to  class  in  their  faded  old 
uniforms,  making  merry  over  the  silly  order  of  the  military 
satrap  who  at  the  time  reigned  over  "District  No.  1"  (as  "the 
Mother  of  Presidents"  was  then  designated),  requiring  them 
(and  all  other  old  soldiers)  to  cover  carefull}^  the  military  but- 
tons on  their  "fighting  jackets."  Richard  Coeur  de  Lion  was 
still  "in  every  bush!"  No  doubt,  the  "District  Commander" 
(they  soliloquized)  was  an  ass,  to  descend  to  such  pettiness— 
but  let  it  go! — as  for  themselves,  they  had  no  time  to  give  to  him 
and  his  covering  of  buttons. 

The  perils  and  privations  they  had  undergone  had  sobered 
them  beyond  their  years,  yet,  withal,  they  were  a  cheerful  set. 
full  of  health  and  vigor  (save  in  a  few  cases)  and  touched  with 
a  natural  exaltation  at  the  thought  that  they  had  done  their 
duty  as  good  soldiers  (as  was  attested  by  the  many  honorable 
wounds  they  could  count  among  them),  that  they  had  stuck  to 
"Ole  Mars'  Robert"  to  the  last  and  "seen  the  thing  through;" 


vxx 


mIi  o'.  ,^fi  au  <' 


.a  ,i'f':;o]JriiJ 


lOuJ 


,'  •./!)  : 


;xi  )$ 


XXvi     .  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  '^  v  U 


and  now  here  they  were,  safe  and  sound,  with  still  a  fighting 
chance  to  retrieve,  in  some  measure,  the  educational  sacrifices 
that  they  had  cheerfully  made  for  hearth  and  home  and  coun- 
try. 

Optimism  disdained  to  "consider  too  curiously"  the  very 
palpable  "res  angnsta."  They  wanted  so  little,  that  they  felt 
that  they  still  had  much.  Even  if  things  were  ill  to-day,  it 
should  not  be  so  to-morrow.  Hadn't  Horace  said  the  identical, 
thing  nearly  two  thousand  years  ago? 
*  *  *  Non,  si  male  nunc,  et  olim 

Sic  erit.  '■'"    '      •"  ■'" -^ 

And,  so,  they  buckled  afresh  to  their  tasks  with  hearts  as 
high  as  when  they  charged  with  vStuart  at  Aldie  or  went  up  the 
slopes  of  "Cemetery  Ridge." 

Never  before  was  the  tie  .so  close  between  professors  and 
students,  for  it  was  the  tie  of  comradeship,  than  which  none  on 
earth  is  stronger.  The  professorial  staff  was^  indeed,  small,  but 
it  was  of  the  first  order.  Many  of  its  members  had  been 
trained  in  the  best  universities  at  home  and  abroad,  and,  fired 
by  unselfish  devotion  to  their  state  and  a  proper  pride  in  their 
calling,  they  gave  without  stint  the  best  that  was  in  them  to 
their  pupils,  quite  content  to  share  the  common  lack  and  to 
labor  for  the  most  meagre  stipend. 

Some  changes  had,  indeed,  come  about  in  the  personnel  of  the 
Faculty  since  the  University  had  practically  closed  its  doors  in 
'62  and  been  turned  into  a  hospital,  but  they  were  not  many. 

Albert  Taylor  Bledsoe,  Professor  of  Mathematics  (who  had 
been  at  West  Point  with  Jefferson  Davis  and  been  appointed 
by  him,  at  the  outbreak  of  hostilities,  Assistant  Secretary  of  War) 
had,  it  is  true,  resigned  his  chair  and  gone  his  way  to  Baltimore 
to  edit  the  "Southern  Review"  and  to  write  his  famous  book, 
"Is  Davis  a  Traitor?,"  which  carried  consternation  into  the 
ranks  of  Radical  demagogues,  who  had  been  clamoring  for 
President  Davis's  blood,  and  which,  by  its  inexorable  logic  and 
wealth  of  constitutional  learning,  drove  the  reluctant  law-ofticers 
of  the  Government  to  advise  the  dismissal  of  the  indictments 
against  the  Confederate  Executive.  Mr.  Davis  was  never 
tried,  because  the  Federal  Government  was  afraid  to  try  him. 


.SMISADAU  J..  ./lOJiIV  .    IVXX 


8£  i  yUotiti    Y'Jiit    .( 


!'     lu    Vtli.!/!       .13010     }»' 


0}  '  :/ni:'- 


hi! 


PROCEEDINGS.  "  XXVii 

But  Bledsoe's  chair  had  been  taken  by  Colonel  Charles  Scott 
Venable,  a  brilliant  mathematician  trained  in  Germany,  whose 
martial  face  and  figure  were  familiar  on  every  battle-field  to 
old  soldiers,  who  knew  him  as  one  of  Lee's  most  alert  and  daring 
staff-officers. 

Lewis  Minor  Coleman,  Professor  of  Latin  (the  gentle  scholar, 
whom  some  of  us  (the  lingering  few)  still  hold  fast  in  our 
"heart  of  heart")  had  fallen  mortally  wounded  amid  his  black- 
ened guns  in  the  moment  of  victory  on  the  snow-clad  heights 
of  "Fredericksburg,"  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  "First  Virginia 
Artillery" — but  in  his  place  came  in  '66  William  E.  Peters 
(also  trained  in  Germany),  who,  as  colonel  of  the  21st  Virginia 
Cavalry,  had  fallen  desperately  wounded  in  the  fierce  cavalry 
combat  at  "Moorefield"  and  been  left  for  dead  on  that  san- 
guinary field. 

Yet  another  there  is  of  these  "fighting  professors,"  who 
should  find  mention  here — Basil  L.  Gildersleeve,  now  of  the 
"Johns  Hopkins  University,"  the  greatest  "Grecian"  of  our  time 
and  one  of  the  greatest  scholars  of  any  time — long  since  so 
recognized  both  in  Germany  and  in  England — who,  still  limping 
heavily  from  the  grievous  wound,  received  in  "the  Valley"  while 
serving  on  John  B.  Gordon's  staff,  might  be  seen  daily  mailing 
his  way  to  his  lecture-room,  where  he  expounded  more  brilliantly 
than  ever  to  his  eager  class,  out  of  his  own  experiences  in  the 
field,  the  varying  fortunes  of  the  Peloponnesian  War,  as  set  down 
in  the  matchless  pages  of  Thucydides,  elucidating  many  a  puz- 
zling bit  of  strategy  by  apt  illustrations  drawn  from  the  recent 
contest,  in  which  professor  and  pupils  had  alike  borne  honorable 
part  as  tried  comrades.  Not  seldom,  too,  would  this  great 
scholar  relax  for  a  brief  space  his  inexorable  syntactical  "grill- 
ing" and  enliven  the  close  of  the  lecture-hour  by  reading  aloud 
(the  reading  punctured  by  tumultuous  applause)  his  o^^^l  ex- 
quisite and  inspiriting  translations  of  the  marching-songs  of 
Tyrtaeus,  the  rush  of  whose  swift  anapests  recalled  to  his 
delighted  hearers  the  lilt  of  their  own  war-songs,  which  they  had 
sung  it  seemed  but  yesterday  to  the  rhythmic  beat  of  tramping 
feet,  as  they  swung  down  the  "Valley  Pike"  under  "Old  Stone- 
wall." '    ■      ■  .   ■■  '  _-^' 


XXVlll  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Others  among  the  instructors  had  also  served  their  state  in 
aiTns,  but  we  may  not  pause  longer  to  make  mention  of  them. 

In  the  law-class  with  Garnett,  what  a  bede-roll,  had  we  but 
time  to  call  it ! 

John  W.  Daniel,  still  on  his  crutches  (as  he  was  to  the  last 
day  of  his  brilliant  career)  from  the  frightful  wound  he  had  re- 
ceived at  the  "Wilderness"  in  '64,  and  Thomas  S.  Martin,  who, 
too  young  to  enter  the  army  until  the  last  year  of  the  war,  had 
yet  seen  active  service  in  the  Cadet  Corps  of  the  "Virginia 
Military  Institute,"  sat  beside  him  on  the  rude  wooden  benches — 
both  of  them  destined  to  represent  Virginia  for  many  years  in 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States.  There  too,  of  scarcely  less 
note  in  after  years,  sat  the  brilliant  Upshur  Dennis  of  Maryland, 
Lunsford  Lomax  Lewis  of  Rockingham  (afterwards  on  the 
Bench  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Virginia),  and  Edward  Christian 
Minor,  who  had  lost  his  arm  in  a  Cavalry  skiiTnish  at  Luray  in 
"the  Valley" — all  destined  to  become  judges  of  note,  who  did 
honor  to  the  ermine. 

Other  future  judges  there  were  among  these  class-mates 
of  Gamett's  (who  himself  became  judge),  and,  in  addition,  a 
surprising  number  of  men  who  in  after  years  attained  notable 
distinction  in  their  profession-among  them— William  H.  White, 
who,  be  it  noted,  had  taken  part  as  a  "V.  M.  I."  cadet  in  the 
thrice-glorious  battle  of  "Newmarket")  and  who  became,  later 
on,  Gamett's  law-partner  in  a  firm  whose  high  reputation 
extended  far  beyond  the  boundaries  of  their  native  state. 

One  cannot  resist  the  temptation  to  set  down  here  that  his 
most  intimate  friend  (not  however  in  the  Law  School)  was  the 
late  Joseph  Bryan  (so.  long  the  beloved  President  of  this  So- 
ciety), his  old  chum  at  the  "Episcopal  High  School,"  who  had 
been  twice  wounded  while  serving  as  a  simple  trooper  under  the 
dashing  Mosby.  Another  of  these  intimates  (also  in  the 
"Academic  Department")  was  the  lovable  and  talented  Frank 
Preston  of  Lexington,  who,  like  Minor,  had  lost  an  arm  in 
battle  ("brave  old  Frank  with  the  empty  sleeve!")  and  who, 
after  a  brilliant  record  for  headlong  valor  in  the  field,  and  an 
equally  brilliant  record  for  exquisite  scholarship  in  the  uni- 
versities at  home  and  in  Germany,  was  struck  down  by  fell 
disease  in  the  full  flush  of  his  young  manhood. 


»• 


!h 


••I.'    :. 

•>  i  III  7';vu  vofi  Jo:  liiorn 


Skoi  liLii  .-'.oiulA   'jmI   .Oilv; 


>,{')■,'.    »'i-ii,|)X'j  loi  Intyjvi  jficilind  \JJ<jitJp9 


r> 


PROCEEDINGS.         *•,  ;.^..      '  XXIX 

Was  there  ever  a  nobler,  a  more  inspiring,  chapter  in  the 
educational  history  of  any  people!  It  is  a  chapter  unwritten 
before,  so  far  as  is  known  to  us,  and  written  here  only  in  part. 
But,  such  as  it  is,  we  hold  that  it  finds  a  fitting  place  in  the  pro- 
ceedings of  this  Society,  whose  aim  and  jjurpose  it  is  to  preserve 
and  transmit  to  posterity  the  veracious  record  of  Virginia's 
glory,  not  alone  in  Colonial  and  Revolutionary  times,  but  down 
through  all  the  centuries,  culminating  in  those  heroic  days  of 
'61-'65,  when  our  Mother  attained  what  future  ages  will  haply 
hold  the  supreme  height  of  her  great  renown. 

In  1867,  Garnett  took  his  B.  L.  degree  and  "offered  for  prac- 
tice," as  the  saying  used  to  be,  in  WaiTcnton,  Virginia,  mean- 
while supporting  himself,  until  the  coveted  clients  should  come, 
by  "fairing  classes"  in  a  private  school.  As  nearly  the  whole 
adult  population  of  Warrenton,  at  the  time,  consisted  of  lawyers, 
and  as  there  was  but  a  limited  number  of  clients,  Ganiett  in 
1869  left  that  changing  town  (which  has  preserved  more  of  the 
fine  old  distinctive  traditions  of  ante-bellum  days  than  any 
place  known  to  us)  and  moved  to  Norfolk,  but  in  the  same  year 
began  practice  in  the  near-by  town  of  Suffolk.  His  praciice 
was  good  and  remunerative  from  the  start,  and  his  personal 
popularity  such,  that  in  1870  he  was  elected  "County  Judge" 
of  Nansemond.  This  office  he  held  for  three  years,  when  he 
voluntarily  relinciuished  it  in  1873  and  returned  to  Norfolk, 
where  he  formed  a  jjai  tnership  with  the  brilliant  William  H.  Whi  te, 
now  "President  of  the  Richmond,  Fredricksburg  &  Potomac 
Railroad."    There  he  continued  in  acti\'e  practice  until  his  death. 

Inadequate  as  is  this  sketch,  it  would  be  still  more  imperfect, 
did  we  fail  to  make  mention  of  the  absorbing  interest  that  he 
took  in  all  "Confederate  activities."  As  is  well  known,  the 
prime  puri^oses  of  these  Confederate  organizations  were  (and 
are)  to  render  substantial  help  to  such  old  comrades  as,  in- 
capacitated by  disease  or  wounds,  were  unable  to  "make  a 
living;"  next,  to  "keep  the  record  straight"  by  driving  out  of 
the  public-schools  the  text-books  dealing  with  the  war,  which 
at  that  time  were  crammed  with  the  most  brazen  perversions  of 
historical  truth;  and,  lastly,  to  foster  old  ties  of  comradeship 
by  monthly  meetings  of  the  local  "camps"  (as  they  are  called) 


lo 


.A 


XXX  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

and  by  "Grand  Reunions,"  annually,  of  a  certain  number  of  del- 
egates from  these  local  organizations. 

To  a  man  of  his  warm  and  generous  temperament,  who,  in 
addition,  disdained  to  the  last  to  be  "reconstructed,"  these 
activities  appealed  irresistibly,  and  he  threw  himself  into  them 
with  an  ardor  characteristic  of  the  man.  At  all  the  great 
"Reunions",  both  of  the  "Grand  Camp  of  Virginia"  and  of  the 
"United  Confederate  Veterans,"  his  was  alwa3^s  a  prominent 
figure.  He  especially  delighted  in  the  "Re-Unions  of  the  Cav- 
alry Corps  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,"  and  would  lay 
aside  his  business  and  travel  many  miles  to  attend  them.  As  a 
staff-officer  of  Stuart's,  he  knew  personally  all  the  officers  and 
well-nigh  all  the  men  of  that  immortal  band  of  "Rough  Riders." 
And  if  he  delighted  to  come,  his  comrades  of  all  arms  of  the 
service  were  ten-fold  more  delighted  to  welcome  him.  He  had 
a  gracious  heartiness  of  manner,  with  never  a  touch  of  con- 
descension to  the  humblest  of  them,  that  made  them  "swear  by 
him."  He  was  always  "Captain  The.,"  or,  oftencr,  "Old  The.", 
to  them,  while  his  own  affectionate  greeting  of  these  old  com- 
rades leapt  from  his  eyes  ere  the  lips  could  form  the  words. 
Not  only  was  he  one  of  the  simplest  and  most  genial  of  men, 
but  he  was  possessed  of  a  marvelous  memory  as  to  intimate 
incidents  of  the  past  events  in  which  they  had  all  shared.  Be- 
sides, he  was  an  admirable  raconteur,  modest  as  to  the  part  that 
he  himself  had  played,  but  ever  enthusiastic  in  his  generous 
praise  of  those — no  matter  whether  otlncer  or  private — who  had 
proved  themseh-es  good  soldiers  in  the  brave  old  days  the}-  had 
met  to  recall. 

In  the  great  organization,  known  as  the  "United  Confederate 
Veterans"  (which,  let  us  thank  God,  unlike  certain  other  or- 
ganizations elsewhere,  has  kept  itself,  thus  far,  uncontaminated 
by  politics),  honor  after  honor  came  to  him— unsolicited,  we 
need  not  say.  In  1900,  he  was  placed  in  command  of  the  first 
Brigade  of  the  "Virginia  Division,"  with  the  rank  of  Brigadier- 
General;  in  1906,  he  was  promoted  to  the  command  of  the 
"Virginia  Division,"  with  the  rank  of  Major-General;  and  in 
1912,  was  still  further  promoted  to  command  the  "Department 
of  Virginia,"  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-General.     It  may  have 


PROCEEDINGS.  ,    .      '  XXXl 

been,  as  some  of  us  old  soldiers  have  always  thought,  ill-advised 
on  the  part  of  the  organization  to  have  created  such  high- 
sounding  military  titles,  but,  in  any  event,  that  such  posts  of 
dignity  and  responsibility  should  have  been  accorded  him, 
c\'idences  the  great  regard  and  affection  in  which  he  was  held 
by  these  old  comrades,  who  had  seen  him  tested  in  the  actual 
dust  and  sweat  of  battle. 

Other  honors  of  a  different  kind  also  came  to  him  as  the 
years  went  by.  He  w^as  made  Trustee  (as  we  have  seen)  of  his 
old  school,  and  also  of  the  "Virginia  Theological  Seminary";  a 
member  of  the  (Virginia)  "State  Library  Board,"  and  v.^as 
elected  into  the  "Alpha  Chapter"  (at  William  and  Mary  Col- 
lege) of  "Phi  Beta  Kappa." 

So  busy  was  his  life  as  a  lawyer  in  active  practice,  that  the 
literary  output  he  has  left  behind  him  is  meagre,  but  he  was  an 
eloquent  and  persuasive  speaker  and  his  oration  pronounced 
at  the  unveiling  of  the  equestrian  statue  of  his  great  chief  at 
Richmond  was  of  very  high  order  of  inerit  both  from  a  military 
and  literary  point  of  view.  This  was  expanded  later  into  a 
more  elaborate  monograph  and  published  in  Nevv'  York  in  1C07. 

He  was,  of  course,  a  member  of  the  "Virginia"  and  also  of  the 
"American"   "Bar  Associations." 

On  A|3ril  27th,  1915,  he  passed  away  in  the  midst  of  his 
family,  who  simply  adored  him,  mourned  in  no  common  meas- 
ure by  liis  community,  his  state  that  he  loved  so  passionately, 
and  by  countless  friends  and  comrades  throughout  the  whole 
country. 

By  right  of  birth,  he  had  inherited  the  highest  and  best 
traditions  of  Virginia's  "Golden  Age,"  and  he  never  once,  from 
youth  to  gracious  old  age,  forgot  the  "noblesse  oblige"  of  his 
blood. 

Three  great  influences  shaped  his  career — his  experiences  in 
the  field— the  high  and  heroic  "atmosphere"  of  his  college  life, 
and,  above  all,  his  unquestioning  Christian  faith.  Of  the  first 
two  of  these  have  we  spoken.  Of  the  third,  abashed  in  spirit, 
we  dare  not  speak  at  all. 

But  fortunately  there  is  one — his  old  comrade,  his  old  pastor, 
his  loyal  kinsman — who  can  on  this  point  speak  with"authority." 


iXXX 


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XXXn  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

In  a  notice  of  his  death,  which  appeared  anonymously  in  the 
"Southern  Churchman"  of  June  19,  1915,  though  known  to  be 
written  by  his  Hfe-long  friend,  Bishop  Beveriey  Dandridge 
Tucker,  of  the  Diocese  of  Southern  Virginia — a  notice  of  sin- 
gular beauty  and  power — occur  these  closing  words,  which  may 
fitly  foiTn  the  conclusion  of  this  halting  tribute  to  this  noble 
gentleman : 

"Back  of  all  that  he  was  and  all  that  he  did  was  the  strength 
and  the  inspiration  which  com.e  only  from  communion  with  God. 
He  served  the  Lx)rd  Christ  with  the  same  simplicity  and  the  same 
w  hole-heartedness  with  which  he  had  served  his  State.  He 
walked  humbly  with  God — and  he  is  not  (that  is,  not  here  on 
earth),  because  God  took  him.  His  memory  and  the  example 
of  his  life  abide,  and  are  a  i^art  of  the  heritage  which  comes  to 
Virginia  from  a  long  line  of  true  and  chi\-alric  sons." 

Turning  to  the  death-roll  of  our  "Annual  Members,"  those  of 
us  who  are- citizens  of  Richmond,  cannot  fail  to  mark  with  poig- 
nant sorrow  how  many  of  our  lowns-people,  knit  to  us  by  ties 
of  long  personal  association,  are  included  in  the  dread  list — of 
three  of  whom  we  can  make  but  bare  mention  for  lack  of  sfjccilic 
information:  Mrs.  F.  M.  Bo\kin,  a  gracious  woman  of  high 
intelligence,  ^^■ell-known  both  in  society-  and  in  the  huml'ler 
circle  of  the  hapless  jioor,  wh.o  will  keenly  miss  the  generous 
largess  of  her  silent  benefactions;  the  amiable  and  engaging  L. 
R.  Warren;  and  the  learned  and  accomplished  specialist.  Dr. 
John  F.  Winn. 

Three  others  there  are  in  the  list,  who  to  the  very  end  of  their 
strenuous  careers  held  so  commanding  a  position  in  the  finan- 
cial, industrial,  and  social  life  of  the  city,  and  who  were  ever 
such  potent  factors  in  its  moral  and  economic  develojjment, 
that,  even  if  no  printed  memorial  were  left  of  them,  a  great 
tradition  of  their  forceful  personalities  and  of  their  splendid 
services  v.'ould  be  certain  to  endure  long  after  most  of  us  shall 
resolve  into  a  mere  handful  of  dust'. 

But,  as  you  all  know,  such  printed  memorials  do  exist,  and 
that  too  in  great  volume,  written  by  sympathetic  and  competent 
hands,  and  it  would  be,  indeed,  like  gilding  refined  gold  or 
painting  the  lily  for  us  to  attempt  to  add  aught  to  the  just 


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PROCEEDINGS.       .;■,••         ■  XXXlll 

eulogies  pronounced  by  them  upon  these  dear  friends  in  the 
first  poignancy  of  the  city's  grief. 

Yet,  passing  over,  as  being  thus  familiar  to  most  of  you,  the 
details  of  their  varied  activities,  it  may,  perhaps,  be  allowed  us 
to  set  down  in  these  "Minutes"  a  few  bald  facts  in  their  re- 
spective careers  and  to  add  some  not  impertinent  reminiscences 
drawn  from  long  and  intimate  friendshij)  with  these  illustrious 
citizens. 

First,  in  order  of  their  "passing,"  is  our  old  friend.  Major 
John  Patteson  Branch. 

He  was  bom  in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  December  9th,  1830, 
son  of  Thomas  Branch  and  of  Sarah  Pride  Read,  his  wife,  and 
seventh  in  descent  from  Christopher  Branch  and  Mary,  his 
wife,  who  migrated  to  Virginia  in  the  good  ship,  "London  Mer- 
chant," in  1619-20.  You  will  find  the  story  of  his  thrifty, 
God-fearing,  forebears  for  well-nigh  three  centuries  all  set  down 
in  the  delightful  pages  of  the  volume  entitled  "Branchiana," 
compiled  by  his  great-nephew,  James  Branch  Cabell,  who  en- 
joys the  distinction,  well-nigh  unique  in  letters,  of  being  at 
once  a  brilliant  novelist  and  an  accurate,  painstaking,  genealo- 
gist. 

He  received  a  sound  education  from  a  sound  old  schoolmaster 
(who  would  have  been  horrified,  if  designated  by  the  hideous 
name  of  "educator"),  but  he  had  always  been  a  delicate  lad, 
and,  suffering  a  "break-down"  just  at  the  time  when  he  should 
have  entered  Randolph-Macon  College  (of  which  institution 
he. was,  in  after  years,  to  become  a  "Trustee,"  LL.D.,  and  most 
munificent  benefactor),  he  entered  the  counting-house  of  his 
father,  who  was  both  commission-merchant  and  banker,  be- 
sides being  Mayor  of  the  staunch  little  town  on  the  Appomattox. 

There  he  remained  until  the  storm  of  war  broke  in  April, 
1861,  when  he  at  once  enlisted  in  the  "44th  Virginia  BattaHon" 
of  infantry,  commanded  by  the  gallant  Fletcher  Archer,  who 
had  won  laurels  in  Mexico  as  a  valorous  youth,  and  who  was 
again  to  prove  himself  an  admirable  soldier  despite  his  years. 

In  this  command,  young  Branch  rose  to  be  first-lieutenant, 
but  it  was  not  long  before  his  characteristic  energy,  native 
shrewdness  and  fine  administrative  ability  attracted  the  favor- 


■i  c.Liitih'i  i.;ob  03f>:f:t  nc- 


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Xxxiv  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.      '  "      • 

able  notice  of  his  superiors,  and  he  was  soon  transferred,  with 
added  rank,  to  the  Quarter-Master  Department,  where  he  ren- 
dered most  valuable  and  eflficient  service  to  the  end. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  he  rejoined  his  father  in  business  and 
in  banking  in  Petersburg,  and  in  1871  accomj^anied  him  to  this 
city,  whither  the  elder  Branch  had  determined  to  transfer  his 
rapidly  expanding  mercantile  and  banking  interests.  In  that 
year, Thomas  Branch  established  here  the  "Merchants'  National 
Bank,"  and,  on  his  death  in  1881,  the  son  succeeded  him. 

Of  his  commercial  and  financial  successes,  solid  and  brilliant 
as  they  were,  we  do  not  propose  to  speak,  nor  yet  of  his  religious 
and  philanthropic  activities.  As  already  indicated,  these  have 
been  set  down  at  length  elsewhere  by  those  better  equipped  for 
the  pious  task  than  we  can  pretend  to  be.  They  have  told  us 
in  specific  detail  of  his  splendid  benefactions  to  the  poor,  to  the 
church,  to  education,  and  of  his  equally  splendid  achievements 
in  finance— and,  as  well,  of  his  commanding  energy  and  unerring 
sagacity  in  shaping  and  guiding  to  full  fruition  numberless 
activities  looking  to  the  social  betterment  of  his  fellow-men. 

For  ourselves,  we  love  best  to  tliink  of  him  (and,  in  the  main, 
to  speak  of  him)  simply  as  of  an  old  friend,  whom  we  knew  long 
and  well,  in  days  of  sunshine  and  of  storm — one  who  is  forever 
associated  in  heart  and  brain  with  others  of  his  time,  whose 
forms  and  faces  we  shall  see  no  more  save  in  happy  dreams. 

Of  the  few  personal  recollections  here  offered,  some  of  them, 
perchance,  may  seem  so  trivial  as  to  border  on  flippancy,  but 
they  are  none  the  less  characteristic,  and  find  their  place  in  any 
veracious  picture  of  the  man  as  he  moved  among  us. 

What  struck  one  as  especially  distinctive  of  the  man  was  his 
immense  capacity  for  mastering  the  details  of  any  subject  that 
interested  him.  Like  all  "bom  financiers,"  he  possessed  quick 
imagination  and,  after  mastering  the  details,  he  intuitively  saw 
the  meaning  hidden  beneath  the  mass  of  minutiae,  and  acted 
promptly,  while  other  men,  seeing  nothing,  dallied  and  doubled. 
He  not  only  had  this  capacity,  but  he  had  a  distinct  fondness 
for  details,  and  that,  too,  quite  as  much  in  matters  of  purely 
l^ersonal  import  as  in  financial  problems.  He  tliought  with 
Pope  that  "the  proper  study  of  mankind  is  man,"  and  often 


PROCEEDINGS.  XXXV 

in  conversation  he  would  propound  about  men  and  about  in- 
cidents innumerable  questions  that  betokened,  no  doubt,  to  many 
merely  an  idle  curiosity.  He  was  quite  aware  of  what  was  thought. 
Some  of  us,  who  knew  him  well  enough  to  "chaff"  him,  would 
sometimes  laughingly  say  to  him  that  his  inquisitiveness  was 
as  great  as  his  acquisitiveness,  and  he  would  laugh  back  and 
accept  the  friendly  quip  \\^th  great  good  humor.  But,  in  truth, 
it  was  no  idle  curiosity.  Oftener  than  not,  he  was  weighing 
in  his  mind  whether  some  plausible  appeal  made  to  his  gener- 
osity was  really  a  deserving  one,  and  he  was  thus  seeking  by 
what  old  Polonius  calls  "assays  of  bias"  to  resolve  his  doubt. 

In  matters  of  opinion  he  was  one  of  the  most  tolerant  of  men. 
Yet  he  held  most  decided  views  on  all  "burning  questions" 
that  arose  in  community,  state  or  nation,  and  had  a  most  origi- 
nal and  incisive  manner  of  stating  what  he  held  to  be  the  truth 
in  the  matter.  Nor  was  he  ever  backward  in  giving  utterance 
to  his  convictions.  He  practiced  with  fearless  vigor  what 
Archbishop  Whately  preached:  "It  is  not  enough  to  believe 
what  you  maintain.  You  must  maintain  what  you  believe, 
and  maintain  it  because  you  believe  it." 

But  opposition  excited  not  a  scintilla  of  resentment  in  his 
bosom,  and,  if  the  arguments  adduced  by  those  who  held  dif- 
ferent views  seemed  sound  to  him,  he  was  never  ashamed  to 
change  his  mind. 

Yet,  in  the  main,  like  most  men  who  "do  their  own  thinking," 
as  the  homely  phrase  hath  it,  he  was  tenacious  of  opinion.  He 
was  absolutely  independent  of  judgement  in  the  bestowal  of 
his  charities,  great  and  small.  He  gave,  not  because  other 
people  gave,  or  because  other  people  thought  that  he  ought  to 
give.  He  investigated  personally  the  cases  of  his  smaller 
charities,  whenever  possible,  and  his  munificent  benefactions 
were  the  result  of  most  careful  pondering.  But  it  must  be 
added  that,  nine  times  out  of  ten,  he  decided  that  he  ought  to 
give,  and  he  gave,  then,  with  a  lavish  hand. 

Like  most  men  of  original  mind,  he  cared  little  for  "prece- 
dent" or  any  so-called  "authority" — always  excc])ting  in  mat- 
ters of  religion.  There,  as  has  already  been  set  down,  he  held 
the  Bible,  from  cover  to  cover,  to  be  the  inspired  word  of  God 


laooH*? 


K  >.  :v  V  1 

XXXVi  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

and  he  accepted  it,  from  first  line  to  last,  with  the  meek  sub- 
mission of  a  little  child  and  a  simple  faith  that  knew  no  turning. 

In  social  life,  he  was  one  of  the  most  genial  and  kindly  and 
companionable  of  men.  He  belonged  to  all  the  clubs,  but  he 
very  rarely  went  to  them.  He  was  at  his  best  in  his  own  home, 
where  he  constantly  dispensed  a  gracious  and  profuse  hos- 
pitality. He  was  an  admirable  talker,  his  conversation  being 
marked  by  great  shrewdness  of  obser\'ation  dashed  with  humior. 
He  had  travelled  extensively  in  Europe  at  various  times — his 
family,  indeed,  lived  in  Paris  for  several  years — and  his  original 
observations  on  the  life  of  the  "old  world"  were  both  instructive 
and  amusing. 

Of  his  domestic  life,  this  is  not  the  place  to  speak  beyond  the 
barest  allusion.  In  1863,  in  the  midst  of  the  war,  he  had  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary  Louise  Kerr  in  Petersburg.  It  was  in  all 
respects  an  ideal  union,  and  the  death  of  this  accomlished 
woman  in  1896,  after  thirty-three  years  of  unclouded  happiness 
to  both,  was  a  blow  from  which  he  never  altogether  recovered. 
It  was  in  her  memory  that,  in  after  3'ears,  he  erected  a  mag- 
nificent "donnitory"  at  Randolph-Macon  College.  Another  one 
he,  later  on,  erected  in  memory  of  his  father,  whom  he  greatly 
revered. 

To  his  children  he  was  the  fondest,  the  most  indulgent,  of 
fathers,  and  these  children,  in  turn,  encompassed  him,  in  the 
long  widowed  years,  with  such  sweet  previsions,  bom  of  respon- 
sive devotion,  as  made  his  old  age  an  unusually  bright  and  happy 
one. 

On  the  evening  of  February  2nd,  1915,  surrounded  by  these 
sorrowing  children  (all  save  one,  who  was  far  away  overseas) 
and  by  others  of  his  immediate  family,  in  the  eighty-fifth  year 
of  his  age,  yet  with  the  fresh,  unquestioning,  faith  of  a  little 
child,  he  "crossed  the  bar"  and,  with  no  shadow  of  misgiving, 
went  to  "meet  his  Pilot  face  to  face." 

On  the  evening  following  the  death  of  Major  Branch,  Rich- 
mond was  again  called  upon  to  mourn  the  "passing"  of  a  man, 
whose  exceptional  abilities  had  long  assured  him  high  place 
among  the  foremost  of  her  "captains  of  industry,"  while  his 


9d  itxl  . 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XXXVii 

delightful  personality  had  caused  him  to  be  universally  regarded 
as  one  of  the  chief  ornaments  of  her  society. 

Like  Major  Branch,  he  had  passed  the  hmit  of  four-score, 
and,  like  him,  he  had  preserved  unimpaired,  long  after  he  had 
passed  that  limit,  the  vigor  of  his  intellect  and  a  freshness  of 
feeling  that  we  rarely  associate  with  old  age. 

This  man  was  Alexander  Cameron,  who  died  on  the  evening 
of  February  3rd,  1915,  in  the  83rd  year  of  his  age. 

Of  him,  it  is  but  seemly  that  some  mention  should  be  found 
in  the  "Minutes"  of  this  Society,  prefacing  that  we  shall,  in  the 
main,  speak  only  of  his  personal  characteristics,  touching  but 
in  briefest  fashion  on  the  phenomenal  industry,  capacity  and 
boldness  in  business  affairs,  which  enabled  him,  with  no  ad- 
ventitious aids,  to  achieve  a  great  fortune  that  ran  into  the 
millions. 

Briefly:  ;■•;;'!, 

Alexander  Cameron,  son  of  Alexander  Cameron,  was  bom 
November  1st,  1832,  at  Granton,  a  small  Highland  village  of 
Invemesshire,  on  the  pleasant  river  Spey.  All  his  life  he  was 
proud  of  being  "an  Inverness  man,"  and,  had  he  lived  but  a  few 
months  longer,  he  had  been  made  prouder  still,  because  of  the 
splendid  exploits  of  the  men  of  Inverness  at  Ypres  and  Loos. 

On  the  death  of  his  father,  he,  then  but  thirteen  years  of  age, 
came  to  Virginia  with  his  mother,  who  settled  in  Petersburg. 
After  brief  schooling,  he  began  his  business  life  with  Mr.  David 
Dunlop;  later  on,  securing  a  position  with  Mr.  Edmund  Har- 
rison Osborne.  These  two,  at  the  time,  ranked  chief  among 
the  "tobacco  magnates"  of  the  "Cockade  City,"  and  under 
them  he  acquired  minute  and  thorough  knowledge  of  the  mys- 
teries attending  the  manipulation  of  the  "divine  weed"  before 
it  was  ready  for  the  marts  of  the  old  world. 

Had  either  of  these  conservative  old  "manufacturers"  been 
told  that  their  young  assistant,  always  so  pleasant-tempered, 
alert,  and  dependable,  would  one  day  estabHsh  (in  conjunction 
with  his  two  brothers)  a  business  destined  to  send  its  "output" 
to  the  four  quarters  of  the  globe,  and  that,  in  time,  he  would 
think  in  millions  where  they  had  tiiought  in  thousands,  they 
would  have  deemed  the  prophet  daft.     Yet  that  was  just  what 


IIVXXX 


**{ii  nt 


'A 


Jr 


Jem  2ii/.'  ji>i;-"  J3  I 


XXXviii  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

fortune  (who  "truckles  to  the  bold  alone")  had  in  store  for  these 
three  keen-eyed  and  quick-witted  young  "Inverness  men,"  each 
oneof  whom  was  endowed  with  the  "grit,"  enterprise  and  "hard 
Scotch  sense,"  so  signally  characteristic  of  the  race  from  which 
they  spi-ung.  It  is  pleasant  to  add  that  one  of  these  old-fash- 
ioned "magnates"  Hved  to  sec  it,  and,  without  a  scintilla  of  envy, 
was  tremendously  proud  of  his  impil's  dazzling  achievements. 

From  the  very  start,  the  business  established  by  the  three 
brothers  prospered,  and,  the  war  coming  on,  they,  in  addition, 
engaged  in  "blockade-running"  and  there,  too,  scored  an  enor- 
mous success.  You  must  go  to  the  voluminous  notices,  that 
appeared  in  the  press  tlu-oughout  the  whole  country  at  the  time 
of  Alexander  Cameron's  death,  if  you  care  to  follow  the  history 
and  titles  of  the  firms  established  in  various  cities  in  this 
country  and  in  Australia  by  these  brothers,  as  their  business 
expanded  in  magnitude. 

For  the  present  purpose,  it  is  enough  to  say  that  in  18G8, 
Alexander  Cameron  left  Petersburg,  came  to  Richmond  (just 
as  Major  Branch  was  to  do  three  years  later),  and  established 
here  branch  factories,  under  the  title  of  "Alexander  Cameron 
&  Co."  (All  of  these  businesses  were,  some  ten  or  twelve  years 
ago,  sold  to  the  "British-American  Tobacco  Company.") 

He  was  then  a  little  over  five-and-thirty  years  old,  and,  as 
some  of  you,  no  doubt,  remember,  a  singularly  handsome  man, 
as  he  was,  indeed,  to  the  day  of  his  death.  From  the  first,  he 
scored  quite  as  marked  a  success  in  society,  as  he  had  done  in 
business.  Small  wonder,  for  he  was  possessed  of  all  the  quali- 
ties that  make  a  man  popular  alike  with  men  and  women. 
He  was  young,  handsome,  rich,  was  absolutely  "independent" 
and  despised  a  snob,  while  his  whole  face  and  bearing  were 
instinct  with  the  "joie  de  vivre." 

Then  came  the  sudden  crowning  happiness  of  his  life,  which 
gave  society  a  distinct  "sensation."  Perhaps  (we  speak  with 
caution  for  obvious  reasons),  the  "reigning  belle"  of  Riclimond 
at  that  time  was  Miss  Mary  Haxall,  daughter  of  R.  Barton 
Haxall,  esq.,  of  this  city.  She  had  great  beauty,  high  birth, 
brilliant  wit,  and  would  some  day  have  a  comfortable  fortune. 
Suitors  were  many,  but  she  seemed  in  no  hun-y  to  choose. 


2ii;j/   (vte-'^i 


r\  :■■  .    C'V.    ■  '  V 


PROCEEDINGS.  '  XXxix 

Then,  suddenly,  in  rode  our  handsome  Scot,  like  another  bold 
"Young  Lochinvar,"  and  carried  off  the  brilliant  maid,  while 
many  an  amazed  swain  stood  "dangling  his  bonnet  and  plume." 
Later  on,  her  equally  brilliant  and  beautiful  sister  married  Cap- 
tain Robert  E.  Lee,  youngest  son  of  our  great  Confederate 
chieftain. 

It  was  a  happy  union,  blessed  with  numerous  children,  and 
their  home  here,  to  the  day  of  his  death  (which  preceeded  hers 
by  but  little  over  half  a  year),  was  a  recognized  social  centre, 
where  the  cleverest  men  and  most  accomplished  women  of  the 
day  gathered  around  the  witty  hostess  and  hospitable  master 
of  the  house  with  delightful  informality,  everybody  feeling  sure 
of  hearty  and  gracious  welcome. 

One  pauses,  from  time  to  time,  to  consider  whether  one  is 
merely  a  "temporis  acti  laudator,"  when  he  finds,  or  fancies 
that  he  finds,  lacking  in  the  society  of  to-day  the  indefinable 
charm  that  penneated  that  simple  and  kindly  society  of  some 
thirty  or  forty  years  ago.  At  any  rate,  if  memory  may  be 
counted  on  at  all,  the  society  that  gathered  so  often  in  the 
drawing-rooms  of  the  Camerons  at  the  time,  and  that  kept 
the  ball  flying  to  and  fro  with  nimble  wit  and  flashing  repartee, 
was  in  no  wise  akin  to  the  "Society"  satirized  by  Byron  in 
"Don  Juan"  as  "a  polished  horde"  composed  of  "bores  and 
bored." 

In  these  gatherings,  the  brilliant  hostess  reigned  supreme,  and 
we  were  all  proud  to  acknowledge  her  undisputed  sovereignty. 

But  there  were  other  gatherings  under  that  hospitable  roof- 
tree,  when  the  master  of  the  house  was  the  central  figure,  as  a 
sort  of  "Epularum  arbiter,"  and  when  all  of  us,  for  a  single 
night,  at  least,  resolved  ourselves  into  a  band  of  "brither 
Scots"  and  joined  him,  in  song  and  in  impromptu  speech,  in 
celebrating  the  historic  glories  of  the  "Land  o'  Cakes." 

We  have  already  adverted  to  the  fact  that  he  was  intensely 
proud  (always  in  his  modest  way)  of  being  an  "Inverness  man." 
He  was  equally  proud  that  he  belonged  to  the  clan  of  which 
"Lochiel"  was  the  head,  and  a  portrait  of  this  chief  (then 
Colonel  Donald  Cameron  of  Achnacarry),  Lieutenant-Colonel 
of  the  "Cameron  Highlanders,"  always  hung  in  the  hall  of  his 
town-house. 


XIXXX 


^tiJfii  YMJi  JA 


".l>*>70d 


li;  V/   hhiiioq  B 


Xl  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Devoted  son  as  he  was  of  the  state  of  his  adoption  and  ever 
ready  by  purse  and  brain  to  further  her  interests,  lil-ce  Burns, 
his  "heart"  was  "in  the  Highlands,"  and  he  loved  every  inch 
of  "Auld  Scotia's"  bonnie  heather  "frae  Maidenkirk  to  Johnie 
Groat's." 

Now,  in  the  >'ears  we  are  speaking  of,  some  of  his  Scotch 
friends  never  failed  to  send  him  annually  a  munificent  present 
of  Scotch  pheasants,  and  thus  every  year  occurred  what  was 
reckoned  the  social  event  of  the  season  (so  far  as  "mere  man" 
was  concerned),  known  in  society  as  "Cameron's  Pheasant 
Supper."  The  Governor,  judges  of  the  Supreme  Court,  law- 
yers, doctors,  bankers,  business  men,  were  all  hospitably  bidden, 
and  no  man  was  ever  known  to  decline. 

Cameron,  always  the  soul  of  hospitality,  was  in  his  element. 
His  genial  temper  that  shone  in  his  face  and  sounded  in  the 
deepening  burr  of  his  voice  (which  distinctive  mark  of  a  Hie'- 
lander,  by  the  way,  he  never  lost),  his  manifest  eagerness  to 
make  everyone  happy— all  combined  to  render  these  gather- 
ings the  delight  of  his  guests. 

The  pheasants  (which  in  good  old  Scotch  fashion  were  always 
brought  in  "in  their  feathers")  were  "high"  and  "a  morsel  fit 
for  the  gods"  while  the  "Wickham  Madeira  of  '30"  (which  had 
"doubled  the  Cape")  was  worthy  accompaniment,  and  there  was 
great  jollity  and  many  a  merry  quip  and  much  harmless  laughter. 
It  was  not  so  far  back  in  the  past,  as  men  count  time,  and  yet, 
it  sometimes  seems  a  thousand  years  ago.  It  was,  at  any  rate, 
a  time  when  gentlemen  had  not  been  reduced  to  the  pass  of 
having  their  "daily  walk"  mapp-ed  out  for  them  by  legislative 
enactment  and  when  such  phrases  as  "moral  uplift,"  "service," 
"self -consecration,"  and  "a  quickening  of  the  public  conscience" 
("soiled  with  all  ignoble  use,"  as  Tennyson  sang  of  the  "name 
of  gentleman")  had  not  yet  attained  their  rubricated  pre-emi- 
nence in  the  Liturgy  of  Cant. 

Mark  you,  there  was  no  sort  of  excess.  Gentlemen  simply 
clung  to  their  old-fashioned  notions  as  to  the  liberty  of  the  in- 
dividual and  did  not  think  that  a  man  was  necessarily  going 
straight  to  perdition  if  he  offered  a  gentleman  a  glass  of  wine 
at  his  board— just  as  Washington  and  the  Lees  and  John  Mar- 


PROCEEDINGS.  '         '  xli 

shall  and  all  the  other  great  Virginians  had  been  wont  to  do, 
when  Virginia  guided  the  destinies  of  the  nation. 

Even  so  slight  a  sketch  as  this  would  fall  far  short  of  truthful 
delineation,  if  it  did  not  emphasize  the  fearless  candor,  simplicity 
and  modesty  of  the  man.  He  despised  shams  of  every  sort 
and  could  be  very  direct  of  speech  whenever  they  came  into 
evidence,  no  matter  how  plausible  the  guise.  On  the  other 
hand,  his  unaffected  modesty  touching  his  own  achievements 
was  immensely  attractive.  He  had  started  at  the  foot  of  the 
ladder,  and  by  sheer  "grit,"  intelligence  and  industry  had  mount- 
ed to  the  top,  and  when,  in  time,  he  had  reached  what  to  so  man}'' 
others  has  proved  a  dizzy  height  that  made  them  "lose  their 
heads,"  he  lost  neither  head  nor  balance,  but  remained  the  same 
quiet,  kindly,  unostentatious  gentleman  that  he  had  ever  been. 

Still  another  trait  that  made  him  most  lovable  was  his  great 
kindness  to  young  men,  who  were  striving  to  "make  their  way 
in  the  world."  This  man,  rich  in  experience,  was  never  too 
busy  to  listen  to  their  troubles  or  perplexities,  to  give  them 
freely  of  his  counsel,  and,  if  needs  be,  of  material  help. 

He  and  his  wife  were  keen  travellers — in  Europe  and  in  the 
East — had, both, been  "presented  at  Court"  in  England,  and  had 
made  many  delightful  friends  all  over  the  world.  Even  after 
he  was  four-score,  he  preser\'ed,  as  has  been  hinted  above,  to  a 
most  remarkable  degree  a  fresh  and  eager  interest  in  men  and 
in  events,  and  his  virile  bearing  and  conversation  no  whit 
suggested  the  veteran  lagging  superfluous  on  the  stage. 

But  the  lethal  stroke  was  destined  soon  to  fall. 

In  June  of  last  year,  at  his  beautiful  country-place  in  Orange 
County,  "Cameron  Lodge,"  whither  he  had  gone,  as  usual,  for 
the  summer  months,  he  suffered  his  first  stroke  of  paralysis. 
He  recovered  somewhat  and  took  up  again,  to  a  certain  extent, 
his  interests  in  life.  But,  in  reality,  he  was  never  the  same  man 
again. 

He  was  brought  to  his  town-house  in  Richmond  early  in  the 
autumn,  where  he  later  suffered  a  second  stroke,  and  his  famil}' 
gathered  about  him  knew  that  the  end  was  not  far  off.  Yet  so 
vigorous  was  his  constitution,  that  he  lived  on  for  several  months. 
In  January  of  this  year,  he  suffered  the  third  and  fatal  stroke, 


Uyi 


I  ,. 


Xlii  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

which  rendered  him  an  easy  prey  to  pneumonia,  which  fell 
disease  carried  him  off  on  the  evening  of  February  3rd.  It  is 
no  mean  consolation  to  his  old  friends  to  know  that  the  end 
was  absolutely  free  of  pain. 

In  the  contemplation  of  a  life  so  rich  in  achievement,  so 
I  manly,  candid  and  modest,  so  rooted  in  the  precepts  of  the 

j  "Golden  Rule,"  and,  withal,  so  kindly  and  beneficent  to  his 

(  fellows,  one  can  surely  say  of  him,  as  Carlyle  said  of  Walter 

j  Scott,  "When  he  departed,  he  took  a  Man's  life  with  him." 

[  Of  this  notable  trio  of  "Captains  of  industry"  and  of  finance — 

:  three  of  the  greatest  that  have  ever  adorned  the  annals  of 

i  Richmond — by  far  the  youngest  was  James  N.  Boyd.     Indeed, 

i  he  was  not  yet  bom  when  Branch  and  Cameron  were  young 

'  men,  who  had  already  begun  their  successful  careers. 

'  As  his  most  salient  characteristic  was  innate  sincerity,  it  is 

I  specially  seemly  that  the  events  of  his  busy  life  should  be  set 

down  with  like  simplicity. 

James  Nalle  Boyd,  son  of  John  W.  Boyd  and  of  his  wife, 
Virginia  Nalle,  also  grandson  of  the  Rev'd  John  H.  Boyd,  of 
Scotch  ancestry,  was  bom  in  this  city.  May  28th,  1850.  He  was, 
thus,  not  quite  eleven  years  old  when  the  great  "War  Between 
the  States"  began.  Yet,  his  was  the  marvellous  good  fortune, 
through  an  alert  and  daring  spirit,  to  share,  in  some  measure, 
in  the  great  events  that  constitute  Virginia's  paramount  claim 
to  be  counted  among  the  heroic  jjeoples  of  the  earth. 

In  May,  1864,  when  Sheridan's  enterprising  horsemen  sought 
to  force  the  inner  line  of  fortifications  of  this  city  on  the  "Brook 
Road,"  the  high-spirited  lad  quietly  sHpped  away  from  home 
and  stood  in  the  trenches,  shoulder  to  shoulder,  musket  in 
hand,  with  the  local  battalion  that  behaved  with  great  finnness 
under  attack  and  finally  balked  the  ambitious  attcmijt  of 
Grant's  alert  chief  of  cavalry. 

When  Richmond  was  evacuated,  April  2nd,  1865,  not  yet 
fifteen  years  of  age,  he  slipped  away  again,  and,  joining  a 
veteran  infantry  regiment,  shared  with  it  the  hardships,  and 
participated  in  the  actions  in  which  it  was  engaged,  during  llie 
tragic  "Retreat,"  which  culminated  in  "the  Surrender"  at 
Appomattox  C.  H. 


21 


an 


m 


PROCEEDINGS.  xliii 

It  was  foreign  to  his  modest  nature  to  be  proud  of  anything, 
but  this  was  the  one  thing  in  his  hfe  of  which  he  was  unques- 
tionably proud  in  his  quiet  fashion,  and  he  remained  an  ardent 
"Confederate"  down  to  the  day  of  his  death. 

When,  after  "the  vSurrender,"  he  made  his  toilsome  way 
(afoot  and  in  casual  freight-cars)  back  to  Riclmiond,  he  found 
the  city  (at  least,  the  business  portion  of  it)  a  mass  of  smoulder- 
ing ashes  and,  at  the  same  time,  found  himself,  as  most  of  us 
did,  without  a  single  penny  in  his  pocket. 

But  he  was  a  sturdy,  well-set-up,  lad,  older  than  his  years, 
with  frank,  open,  manners  (as  he  was  to  the  last),  had  been  well 
grounded  in  "the  rudiments"  by  a  thorough  school-master  of 
the  fine,  old-fashioned,  type,  and,  above  all,  was  endowed  with 
the  traditional  Scotch  common-sense  and  indomitable  "grit," 
which  came  to  him  by  inheritance. 

To  all  such,  the  wide  world  over,  poverty  is  a  stimulus  and  no 
handicap. 

He  almost  at  once  secured  a  subordinate  position  with  the 
famous  firm  of  Thomas  &  Oliver,  at  that  time  the  recognized 
heads  of  the  leaf-tobacco  trade,  and  under  them  learned  thor- 
oughly the  details  of  the  business.  In  later  years,  thanks  to 
this  training,  it  was  said  of  him  by  men  who  were  "experts" 
themselves  that  he  was  the  finest  judge  of  leaf  tobacco  on  "the 
Exchange." 

It  is  not  our  purpose  to  follow  minutely  the  successive  stages 
of  his  wonderful  business  career.  In  the  elaborate  notices  that 
appeared  in  the  public  press  at  the  time  of  his  death,  you  will 
find  it  all  set  out  in  detail— how,  as  this  lad  grew  to  manhood, 
he  became,  in  time,  head  of  a  great  "leaf-tobacco"  house- 
President  of  one  of  the  leading  banks,  not  only  of  Richmond, 
but  of  the  whole  South— President  of  a  powerful  Trust  Com- 
pany—President of  the  "Tobacco  Exchange"— recognized 
leader  in  the  "Chamber  of  Conmierce"— Director  in  many 
Corporations.  All  this,  while  a  testimony  to  his  thrift  and 
sagacity,  will  inevitably,  in  time,  sink  into  oblivion. 

But  there  is  one  great  tradition  of  him  that  shall  endure. 

Richmond  is  by  no  means  a  big  city,  as  cities  are  rated  in  this 
twentieth  century.     Yet  as  Zaragossa  (far  smaller  in  popula- 


1.   ..  (     J  :..•:  w  ; 


Xliv  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

tion  than  our  own  town)  is  reckoned  "great"  by  lofty  souls, 
who  count  self-abnegation  and  constancy  and  antique  valor 
above  multitudinous  aggregations  of  brick  and  mortar,  so,  for 
the  same  reason,  is  Richmond's  place  assured  among  the 
"great"  cities  of  the  world.  But  her  proud,  defiant,  port  during 
four  3'ears  of  war,  when  she  stood  girdled  by  steel  and  fire — the 
antique  patriotism  that  made  her  strong,  at  the  last,  to  meet 
with  unshaken  front  the  very  stroke  of  fate — this,  noble  and 
splendid  as  it  is,  is  not  her  only  claim  to  be  reckoned  "great." 

When  she  fell  well-nigh  in  throes  of  annihilation,  another 
tragic  blow  was  yet  to  smite  her. 

At  the  "Evacuation,"  a  devastating  conflagration  swept  over 
the  proud  capital  and  left  the  whole  business  section  in  hapless 
desolation. 

As  poets  and  historians  will  continue  to  celebrate  her  glories 
in  war,  so,  we  may  rest  sure,  shall  one  day  be  told  in  all  its 
noble  austerity  the  wondrous  story  of  her  rehabilitation — her 
resurrection  from  the  ashes  of  what  seemed  to  the  outside 
world  irretrievable  disaster. 

It  was  done,  not  in  a  day  nor  in  a  year,  nor  was  it  done  by 
any  alien  help.  It  took  many  days — nay,  not  a  few  years — • 
but  it  was  done,  and  supremely  done,  through  the  dogged  in- 
dustry and  indomitable  spirit  of  the  very  men  who  had  hedged 
her  round  with  stubborn  steel  during  the  driving  storm  of  war. 

Whenever  that  story  is  written,  3'ou  will  find  the  name  of 
James  Nalle  Boyd  conspicuous  on  every  page. 

This,  we  repeat,  is  the  tradition  of  him  that  shall  longest 
abide.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  from  that  pinched  be- 
ginning until  Richmond  flowered  out  into  a  beauty  and  solid 
opulence  that  eclipsed  all  her  former  material  glories,  there 
was  no  undertaking,  however  large  or  small,  looking  to  the 
moral  or  material  advancement  of  his  native  town,  in  which 
this  devoted  son  of  hers  did  not  do  his  full  part  in  manly,  wise 
and  generous  fashion. 

There  is  no  need  to  dwell  in  this  presence  on  his  engaging 
personality.  Long  shall  we  miss  on  our  streets  his  handsome, 
leonine,  face,  his  hearty,  gracious,  greeting,  the  engaging  sim- 
plicity of  his  manner  to  gentle  and  simple  alike.     In  all  sorts 


^  ,  VI  PROCEEDINGS.  K.      ■  xlv 

of  charities  and  benevolent  organizations,  he  ever  took  a  most 
active  and  intelHgent  part.  There  was  not  one  of  them  that  did 
not  lean  on  his  wise  counsels,  and  all  men  recognized  that  his 
was  the  open  eye  to  discern  clearly  where  aid  should  be  promptly 
rendered,  the  open  heart  to  sympathize,  the  open  hand  to  give. 
Especially  will  he  be  long  missed  by  the  "Police"  and  the 
"Firemen's"  "Benevolent  Associations,"  to  both  of  which  he 
gave  freely  of  his  time  and  money. 

He  was  equally  generous  and  active  in  all  Confederate  or- 
ganizations, and  he  literally  fell  "in  harness"  working  for  the 
success  of  the  "Grand  Re-union  of  United  Confederate  Veter- 
ans," that  took  place  here  last  June.  Night  and  day,  though 
the  mortal  disease  already  held  him  in  its  fell  grip,  he  remained 
at  "Reunion  Head-Quarters"  arranging,  as  "Chairman  of  the 
Finance  Committee,"  countless  details  for  the  comfort  and 
entertainment  of  the  coming  veterans.  But,  alas!  when  the 
longed-for  gala  days  came,  and  his  old  comrades  marched  with 
drum-corps  and  band  and  tattered,  grimy,  battle-flags  within 
a  stone's  throw  of  his  house,  the  shadow  of  death  was  hovering 
over  him,  and  he  could  only  send  them  (as  he  did)  the  blessing 
of  a  soldier,  who  was  slowly  passing  over  the  river  to  the  great 
bivouac  "Beyond." 

Of  his  religious  life,  we  can  only  say  simply  that  from  boy- 
hood on,  through  all  the  years  of  strenuous  and  varied  activi- 
ties, his  whole  being  was  saturated  with  unaffected  piety.  For 
twenty-six  years  he  was  a  Vestryman  of  "All  Saints'  Church," 
and  the  "Resolutions"  passed  at  his  death  by  his  colleagues 
portray  with  touching  eloquence  the  beauty  and  steadfastness 
of  his  Christian  faith. 

After  several  months  of  suffering,  which  he  bore  with  serene 
constancy  and  courage,  came  the  fateful  day,  September  6th, 
1915,  when  Death's  bright  angel  placed  within  his  dying  hand 
(as  Milton  finely  says  in  "Comus") 


That  golden  key, 
That  opes  the  palace  of  Eternity. 


II'V. 


'Tis  a  far  cry,  indeed,  from  the  imperious  activities  of  these 
three  great  capitaHsts  to  the  scholarly  investigations  of  the 


..  -  -f- 


xlvi  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

expert  genealogist  and  antiquarian,  Mr.  Lothrop  Withing- 
TON,  whose  tragic  fate  will  long  be  mourned,  not  alone  by  mem- 
bers of  this  Society,  but  by  many  historical  specialists  both  at 
home  and  abroad. 

As  he  had  lived  most  of  his  life  in  London  since  reaching  man  - 
hood,  most  people  conversant  with  his  work  thought  him  an 
Englishman;  but  such  was  not  the  fact.  He  was  of  pure,  un- 
hyphenated, American  strain  on  both  sides  of  his  house  and  never 
gave  up  his  American  citizenship,  though,  as  years  went  by,  his 
devotion  to  his  adopted  home  became  well-nigh  as  intense  as 
that  of  any  Londoner  "bom  within  the  sound  of  Bow  bells." 

Briefly,  he  was  bom  January  31st,  185G,  in  the  little  village 
of  Newbury,  which  Hes  contiguous  to  the  ancient  "home  of  the 
whalers,"  Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  and,  as  we  have  indi- 
cated above,  came  of  undiluted  New  England  stock.  The  love 
of  letters  was  in  his  blood.  His  father,  Nathan  Noyes  Withing- 
ton,  was  a  clever  joumalist,  well-known  through  New  England 
for  his  incisive  editorials,  while  his  grandfather,  the  Rev'd  Leonard 
Withington,  D.  D.,  a  graduate  of  Yale  in  the  early  years  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  was  a  scholarly  divine  of  the  old-fash- 
ioned type,  who,  in  his  long  span  of  ninety-six  years,  wrote  not 
a  few  books,  chiefly  polemic  theology,  which  were,  indeed, 
highly  praised  in  the  pages  of  the  ''North  American  Review." 
though  it  may  well  be  doubted  whether  his  "unorthodox" 
grandson  ever  found  time  to  glance  through  any  of  them. 

As  a  lad,  young  Withington  went  in  and  out  of  the  offices  of 
the  "Newburyport  Herald"  which  his  father  edited,  learned  to 
set  type  while  still  a  school-boy,  and,  shortly  after  graduating 
from  the  "Putnam  High  School,"  secured,  to  his  great  delight,  a 
position  in  the  "Government  Printing  Oftice"  at  Washington. 
Here  he  worked  hard,  thriftily  saving  his  salary,  while  living 
the  life  of  a  young  Spartan,  and  was  thus  enabled,  within  a 
twelve  month,  to  realize  his  dream  of  seeing  the  wonders  of 
the  Old  World.  He  first  went  to  Paris,  where  he  seems  to  have 
lived  for  a  full  year,  revelling  in  the  galleries,  Hbraries  and 
theatres  of  that  fascinating  capital,  meanwhile  practicing  his 
"l)rentice  hand"  in  writing  trenchant  criticisms  of  all  that  he 
saw  for  the  columns  of  the  local  paper  in  his  native  town. 


\t)     cTTJbrTOW 


PROCEEDINGS.  xlvii 

From  Paris,  he,  not  unnaturally,  drifted  over  to  London,  and 

though,  for  a  time,  he  came  back  to  his  New  England  home. 

the  world  s  capital-'  (for  so  it  is)  had  laid  its  nameless  spell 

upon  him,  and  m  the  eariy  '80's  back  he  went  to  what  was 

practically  his  home  to  the  last. 

^  Apparently,  the  purpose  had  gradually  been  shaping  itself 
m  lus  mind  to  devote  hiznself  to  specialistic  historical  study  and 
■  settling  down  m  "Little  Russell  Street,"  under  the  very  slLow 
of  the  Bntish  Museum,  delving  daily  deeper  and  deeper  into  the 
only-partially  explored  mines  of  its  incomparable  MS   riches 

TlTT"tT^.^""7l'^'''^'  "^^  ''  "^^y  ^^  ''''^y  s^id  that.' 
at  last,  he  had  "found  himself."  His  industry  was  prodigious 
his  flatr  m  picking  up  obscure  clues  was  almost  unerring  and 
It  was  not  long  before  he  became  known  to  a  small  band  of 
fellow-craftsmen  as  a  man  who  "knew  his  business."  From 
speciahstic  historical  study  to  genealogy  it  is  but  a  step-in- 
deed, the  two  are  often  so  closely  interwoven  as  to  blend-and 
1.  was  finally  as  an  expert  genealogist  that  he  achieved  what  is 
likely  to  prove  his  most  lasting  claim  to  remembrance 

The  histoncal  work  that  he  did  was,  it  is  true,  recoanized  as 
admirable  of  its  kind-an  edition  of  the  "a.^^.c/..'-  thaVgo 
under  the  name  of  "HoUnsked-'-and  one  or  two  Elizabethan 
monographs-but  they  were  really  never  widely  known  anS 
brought  him  no  great  reputation,  and  even  less  money,  from 
the  outside  world.  y ,  ^ium 

But,  on  the  other  hand,  he  had  won  an  assured  place  among 

the      elect      genealogists,    who    find    their    "happy    huntir.^- 

Kround     in  "the  Museum"  and  "Public  Records  Office"  and 

Somerset  House,"  and,  as  his  reputation  grew,  there  came  to 

him   a   numerous   cUentele  of   well-to-do  Americans  of  good 

hx   Mith   definitive   exactness   the   degree  of   their  kinship    to 

md  rj    TT"'   ""''''"'■     ^^^'   ''-'''''   ^^'   '^   1^-   taste 
and  the  tees  highly  remunerative. 

Such  was  his  position  and  the  happy  tenor  of  his  life,  when 
some  twelve  3'ears  ago,  happening  on  a  copy  of  our  Magazine 

bv  t'hV:  ^\%^"^f  ;^—  or  elsewhere,  he  was  attracted 
by  the  careful  work  done  by  our  Editor,  and  at  once  wrote 


<J     ff.V 


xlviii  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

offering  to  contribute  to  its  pages.  We  could  offer  him  no 
remuneration,  but,  like  the  true  scholar  that  he  was,  he  cared 
nothing  for  money,  and  from  that  time  until  his  untimely  end 
there  is  scarcely  a  number  of  our  Magazine  that  is  not  enriched 
by  some  contribution  from  his  generous  pen. 

Not  only  did  he  contribute  during  these  years  his  delightful 
"Gleanings  from  English  Wills,"  which  have  proved  so  attrac- 
tive to  our  readers,  but  he  transcribed  with  laborious  exactness 
from  the  originals  in  the  British  Museum  and  elsewhere  his- 
torical documents  of  grave  imjjort,  of  which  some  of  the  best- 
known  historians  had  previously  possessed  but  imperfect 
knowledge. 

It  would  be  idle  for  us  to  reiterate  here  what  we  have  said 
in  Report  after  Report  during  the  past  ten  or  twelve  years 
touching  the  significant  value  of  these  "Gleanings."  Not  only 
do  they  shed  instructive  side-lights  on  the  social  life  and  econo- 
mic development  of  the  Colony,  but  they  abound  in  precise 
biographical  details  that  clear  up  many  obscurities  in  the  public 
and  private  lives  of  some  of  our  foremost  "Worthies"  of  the 
Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  centuries. 

To  recall  to  you  but  a  few  instances  out  of  many — in  the 
cases  of  the  Royal  governors.  Captain  Francis  West,  Sir  John 
Harvey,  Kemp,  Digges,  Nott  and  Dinwiddie — of  "pious  JMr. 
Whitaker,"  and  that  staunch  Royalist,  Rev'd  Philip  Mallory, 
"very  diligent  in  the  advancement  of  religion  in  this  country" 
(to  quote  from  the  resolutions  of  the  Assembly  of  1660-61) — 
of  the  Virginia  historical  writers,  William  Strachey  and  William 
Bullock — of  the  barely-known  "Councillors,"  George  Ivlinifie 
and  William  Tucker — of  the  dauntless  "Physician-General  of 
Virginia,"  Lawrence  Bohune,  whose  dying  utterances,  as  he 
fell  mortally  wounded  on  the  deck  of  Captain  Chester's  ship 
in  her  action  against  two  Spanish  men-of-war  in  the  Vv^est 
Indies  (March,  1621),  are  fit  match  for  those  of  that  valorous 
old  "sea-dog,"  Sir  Richard  Grenville  of  "the  little  Revenge," 
immortalized  by  Tennyson — of  that  "compleat  sparkish 
Gentleman"  (as  Mr.  Commissary  Blair  sneeringly  called  him) 
and  dashing  soldier,  Colonel  Daniel  Parke,  Jr.,  who  for  his 
headlong  valor  at  "Blenheim"  was  singled  out  by  Marlborough 


.av 


PKOCELDIN-GS.  '  ^j;^ 


on  whose  staff  he  was  a  volunteer)  to  bear  tidings  of  the 
tamons  v.etory"  to  Her  Majesty.  Queen  Anne,  the  latter   in 
reeog.,t,on  of  the  joyful  news,  giviny  h.m  her  portrait  set    " 
d,amonds-,„  all  of  these  instances  (and  we  could  muUp" 
hem),  we  are  enabled  through  the  precise  details  given  in  the  e 
a.a«„„s  -  to  fill-in  with  an  assured  hand  much    that   was 
vague  or  blurred  m  the  traditional  portraiture  of  these  "VVor 
h,es    and  >n  not  a  few  eases,  to  reconcile  apparent  eontrad^c- 
tions  m  their  respective  careers.  oniraaic 

Of  the  -historical  documents  of  grave  import"  which  he 
transcnbed  for  us,  from  time  to  time,  and  to  wlrieh  u"  have 
•  R^orttrJh  ?°^'% P-»aps.  the  most  significant  w^  the 
Report  of  the  Surrender  of  Virginia  to  the  Parliamentary 
Commissioners,  March.  IG51-52."  Until  it  appeared  in  the 
pages  of  our  Magazine  (Vol.  XI.  pp.  32-41),  it  had"   t  before 

Ma>  0th,  1652),  a  contemporary  news-sheet  (now  in  the 
Bntish  Museum),  which  latter  was  evidently  as  unknown  to 
histonans  as  was  the  original  in  the  State  Paper  Office  The 
eonsequence  has   been   that  they  have  written  vague  y  when 

the  hi  tory  of  the  Colony.  A  careful  reading  of  it  proves 
beyond  peradventure,  that  not  only  has  our  own  delilht^ul  old 

dftXoT  h^s'°"  M™''k"""*^=^  ''^^'>'  -  -  i™  -- 

sIm  el  R  r„  H  "'  'l  ^"'  "'"'  "  *>'^«'''"  'han  Beverley, 
Samuel  R.  Gardiner,  in  his  well-known  ■'Commonwealth  aid 
Protectorate,"  has  gone  still  further  astray 

„1i?ri-T''^'.'"'''^'^'  ^"^  "'  '°  enumerate  fully  and   fairly 

ed  trirnd'lrtr^  ^^^^  ^-^  °^™ '°  "^-^  --•  <"-  - 

ested   fnend.     But   there  is  a  special   service  of  his    which 

hough  mentKin  of  it  has   been   made  in   previous  krorts' 

should  agam  be  dwelt  on  in  this  slight  memorial,  as  illustrit^ne 

oflrma:'""'  "^  "'"■■  ^^"''^^-^  '"^  ^'"--  ""'<•-  ^--i ty 

In  1911,  he  ascertained  in  some  way  that  this  .Society  was 
most  amnions  to  have  transcribed  by  an  expert,  with  v iew Mo 

General  Cert    of  Virginia,  the  originals  of  which,  as  you  afi 
know,   are   in   the    "Congressional    Library"   at    WashinTton 


L... ,....- 

ni  9onfino(irat  omi 


\.. 


liihft 


ijio-vS 


(V  r 


ff    Jr.     'y-jiiiiii.I    fc.  >"   udJ   ni   9-aj 


1  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.     . 

As  some  few  of  you  also  know,  the  crabbed  hand-writing  and 
bewildering  abbreviations  employed  by  the  various  scribes 
who  recorded  these  "Minutes,"  render  them  almost  unde- 
cipherable except  by  a  trained  and  liighly  intelligent  expert. 
The  employment  of  such  an  expert  (as  Mr.  Withington  well 
knew)  was  far  beyond  the  reach  of  the  slender  purse  of  our 
association.  At  once,  he  volunteered  to  do  the  work  himself, 
expressly  stipulating  that  he  was  to  receive  no  sort  of  remunera- 
tion. Nay,  more  than  this  did  he  do,  later  on.  In  the  midst 
of  tliis  "labor  of  love,"  his  own  imperious  engagements  in 
London  forbade  his  making  his  usual  annual  visit  to  America, 
at  which  time  it  was  his  custom  to  work  hard  over  his  self- 
imposed  task.  But  not  for  a  moment  did  he  turn  from  his 
voluntary  promise.  He  at  once  caused  "photostatic"  copies 
of  large  portions  of  the  "Miniites"  to  be  made  at  his  own  ex- 
pense by  experts  in  the  "Congressional  Library"  and  sent  over 
to  him.  These  he  found  time  to  decipher  and  forthwith  des- 
patched them  to  our  Secretary.  Even  for  this  outlay  out  of 
his  own  pocket,  he  declined  to  be  re-imbursed,  laughingly 
putting  aside  the  insistence  of  our  Secretary  and  pretending 
with  rare  delicacy  that  it  was  a  matter  of  trivial  moment, 
which  we  knew  that  it  was  not. 

In  order  to  appreciate  the  full  extent  of  this  large-hearted 
generosity,  you  must  bear  in  mind  that  he  was,  in  the  language 
of  his  craft,  a  "high-priced  man,"  who  could  readily  transmute 
every  moment  of  his  precious  time  into  minted  "coin  of  the 
realm." 

His  generosity  was,  indeed,  so  ready  and  persistent,  that  our 
Secretary,  in  a  sort  of  comic  dismay,  was  finally  driven  to  con- 
fess that  he  was  afraid  to  mention  to  him  any  rare  historical 
document,  of  which  he  specially  wished  a  copy,  lest  Withington 
should  at  once  insist  on  sending  it  to  the  Society. 

There  can  be  no  doubt,  in  truth,  that  this  enthusiastic  anti- 
quarian, whose  whole  soul  was  in  his  chosen  field,  entertained 
a  peculiar  affection  for  the  Society  in  whose  behalf  he  had 
labored  so  long  and  so  unselfishly.  In  fact,  he  came,  in  time, 
to  consider  himself  a  member  of  our  regular  staff. 


-i. 


,L 


a. 


Oi 


Mixnm 


PROCEEDINGS.  ll 

Whenever  he  ran  across  the  seas  to  have  a  gUmpse  of  old 
scenes  and  old  friends  and  near  kinsmen,  he  always  came  to  Rich- 
mond for  a  flying  visit,  spending  nearly  every  moment  of  his 
time  at  the  "Society  House,"  where  he  was  ever  sure  of  cordial 
welcome.  Small  wonder,  for  he  was  a  man  of  what  our  ances- 
tors were  wont  to  term  "engaging  manners,"  an  "original" 
and  incisive  talker,  v/ho  possessed  the  happy  "Art  of  Putting 
Things,"  and  might,  in  consequence,  count  on  welcome  wher- 
ever men  of  "light  and  leading"  gathered  for  social  converse. 

He  paid  his  last  visit  to  us  towards  the  end  of  April  of  this 
year,  and  was  never  in  better  spirits  nor  more  enthusiastic 
as  to  his  work  (then  in  hand  or  already  planned)  for  the  coming 
years.  He  was  carrying  back  to  London  with  him  a  large  port- 
folio of  the  "photostatic  reproductions,"  already  mentioned, 
which  he  was  to  decipher  and  soon  send  back  to  us.  Other 
things  of  a  like  kind  he  characteristically  proposed  to  do  for 
the  Society. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  next  month,  he  set  sail  for  England 
in  the  ill-fated  "Lusitama,"  and  on  May  7th,  he,  along  with 
other  non-combatants,  with  helpless  women  and  still  more 
helpless  children,  was  done  to  death  by  the  stealthy  hand  of  a 
miscreant,  "whom  'twere  gross  flattery  to  name  a  coward." 
Whoever  he  may  be,  he  and  his  fellow-miscreant,  von  Bissing, 
who  murdered  Ediih  Cavell,  may  for  a  few  brief  years  flaunt 
upon  their  breast  the  "Iron  Cross,"  bestowed  by  an  approving 
Kaiser,  but  on  the  forehead  of  each  stupid  malefactor  God 
Himself  has  stamped  the  "mark  of  Cain." 

The  last  seen  of  Withington  (according  to  a  letter  written 
by  a  fellow-passenger,  Mr.  Harold  Boulton  of  London)  was 
that,  not  taking  time  to  secure  a  life-belt  for  himself,  he  was 
cheerily  helping  to  put  the  women  and  children  into  the  few 
boats  that  could  be  lowered.  To  alter  Hamlet  but  a  trifle, 
"Look  here  upon  this  picture,  and  on  thaty 

As  men  count  years,  Mr.  Withington  was  not  a  young  man, 
and  yet,  when  we  contemplate  his  amazing  physical  vitality, 
his  intense  alertness  of  mind,  and  the  undimmed  flame  of  his 
enthusiasm  for  his  chosen  work,  we  cannot  choose  but  think 
of  him  as  another  "Lycidas"  "dead  ere  his  prime,"  whose  un- 


'.X  J 


111  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

toward  fate,  closely  akin  to  Withington's  own,  has  been  com- 
memorated in  one  of  the  noblest  threnodies  of  our  English 
tongue.  And  while  it  is  not  vouchsafed  to  us  to  attain  the  lofty 
note  that  has  immortalized  that  more  famous  Lycidas,  "floating 
upon  his  watery  bier,  and  weltering  to  the  parching  wind,"  it 
may  yet  be  allowed  us  to  attest  here  in  humblest  fashion  and 
in  homeliest  sincerity,  that,  outside  his  im.mediate  family  and 
the  small  circle  of  his  intimates,  Lothrop  Withington  will  no- 
where be  mourned  more  deeply  and  unaffectedly  in  death  than 
in  this  "Old  Dominion,"  for  the  perpetuation  of  whose  historic 
glories  he  had  in  the  fulness  of  life  wrought  so  long  and  well. 

Although  this  Report  has  already  far  transcended  in  volume 
the  limits  proposed,  duty  bids  us  pause  to  make  mention,  even 
though  it  must  be  in  briefest  fashion,  of  one,  who  for  more  than 
five-and-twenty  3'ears  was  an  enthusiatic  member  of  this 
Society — the  distinguished  Kentuckian,  Lucas  Brodhead,  who 
was  not  only  a  "man  of  mark"  in  "the  blue-grass  region,"  but 
widely  known  throughout  the  Eastern  states  as  "the  prince 
of  gentlemen  horsemen . "  .  ■ '  •  ■ 

He  came  of  a  long  line  of  gallant  men  and  high-bred  women 
and,  had  he  so  minded,  could,  of  right,  have  taken  as  his  own 
the  proud,  yet  homely,  legend  inscribed  upon  the  family-vault 
of  the  Lords  of  Colchester — "All  the  men  were  brave,  and  all 
the  women  virtuous." 

Lucas  Brodhead,  son  of  Lucas  Brodhead  and  of  his  wife, 
Mary  Cordelia  Upshaw  Price,  was  sixth  in  descent  from  Cap- 
tain Daniel  Brodhead  (of  the  family  of  that  ilk,  created  by 
James  II  Lords  of  the  Manor  of  Monk  Britton  in  Yorkshire) , 
who  came  to  America  in  1664,  as  a  "Captain  of  Musketeers," 
in  Colonel  Nickoll's  expedition  against  the  New  Netherlands 
(See  Mr.  A.  A.  Bowmar's  admirable  article  in  the  "New  York 
Genealogical  and  Biographical  Record,"  April,  1915). 

Lucas  Brodhead,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
migrated  from  Ulster  County,  New  York,  to  Kentucky  in  1820, 
and,  settling  at  Frankfort,  the  capital,  became,  in  time,  one 
of  the  leading  lawyers  in  the  state. 


11. 'i  Din. 


on:  u/\ 


•»ito  .->; 


PROCEEDINGS.  Uu 


Through  his  mother,  Miss  Price,  young  Brodl-iead  was  allied 
by  blood  to  many  of  the  oldest  Virginia  families,  "gentry- 
folk,  ' '  as  they  used  to  be  called  in  the  old  days — for  her  mother 
was  Hannah  Upshaw  of  Essex  County,  daughter  of  that  John 
Ui^shaw,  whose  name  occurs  so  frequently  in  the  "Journals 
of  the  House  of  Burgesses",  and  who  was  also  one  of  the  Sig- 
natories of  the  famous  "Articles  x)f  the  Westmoreland  Associ- 
ation, drawn  by  Richard  Henry  Lee  and  presented  by  him  to  a 
meeting  of  restive  patriots  held  at  ' '  Leedstown ' '  in  West- 
moreland County,  February  27th,  176G — the  first  public  de- 
fiance in  the  Colonies  of  the  odious  ' '  Stamp  Act ' '  and  the  first 
(scarcely-veiled)  threat  of  separation  from  the  mother-country — 
promulgated  (you  will  observe)  more  than  nine  years  before 
the  apocr}'phal  ' '  Mecklenburg  Declaration ' '  in  North  Car- 
olina, and  more  than  ten  years  before  the  historic  ' '  Declaration 
of  Independence"  in  Philadelphia.  Well  might  Bancroft 
declare,  without  a  shadow  of  exaggeration,  "  Virginia  rang  the 
alarm  bell  for  the  continent. ' ' 

For  the  long  line  of  Mr.  B redheads  forebears,  "officers  and 
gentlemen"  for  generations,  we  must  refer  you  to  Mr.  Bow- 
mar's  delightful  article  mentioned  above,  which  is  well  worth 
careful  reading. 

Young  Brodhead  was  fortunate  in  receiving,  as  a  lad,  a  very 
thorough  classical  training,  but,  after  a  brief  college-course, 
he  entered  upon  a  business  career,  in  which  he  scored  a  ver}' 
notable  success.  But,  within  a  few  years,  he  gave  up  "business" 
as  we  commonly  understand  the  term,  and  undertook  the  more 
congenial  task  (indeed,  the  most  congenial  task  to  a  true  Ken- 
tuckian)  of  managing  the  large  estates,  including  the  cele- 
brated stud-farm,  of  his  kinsmen,  the  Alexander  brothers. 
This  remained  his  life-work  until  he  retired. 

He  was  a  man  of  marked  executive  ability,  a  shrewd  financier, 
and,  as  might  be  expected,  had  been  from  boyhood  passionately 
fond  of  horses.  His  knowledge  of  both  the  English  and  American 
"stud-books"  was  unrivalled,  and  in  any  disimte  as  to  equine 
pedigrees  that  arose,  East  or  West  (and  they  were  many), 
his  decision  was  accepted  as  final.  Famous  as  the  "  Woodburn 
Farm"   became  under  the  elder  Alexander,  it  became  more 


an 


Diit  io'*l 


'6'^ 


A/    lU    ,1 


liv  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

famous  still  under  Mr.  Brodhead's  management,  and  was  uni- 
versally conceded  by  expert  "horsemen"  to  be  the  "foremost 
breeding-farm"  in  America,  if  not  in  the  world. 

It  was  said  of  that  fine  old  Virginian,  "Jack"  Roane  of  "Up 
pomac, ' '  in  King  William  County,  who  represented  Virginia 
for  so  many  years  with  marked  distinction  in  the  Congress 
of  the  United  States  (and  who,  by  the  way,  was  a  kinsman  of 
Brodhead's,  for  his  mother  was  Sally  Upshaw),  that  he  was 
"a  living  encyclopaedia  of  Virginia  pedigrees  of  men  and  horses.'' 

The  same  (mutatis  mutandis)  could  be  said  with  perfect 
truth  of  Mr.  Brodhead.  According  to  Mr.  Bowmar's  lists, 
he  possessed  a  collection,  unrivalled  outside  of  great  public 
libraries,  of  family -letters,  military  commissions  of  his  ancestors, 
land-grants,  deeds,  family-muniments  of  all  sorts,  running  back 
for  over  three  centuries.  If  the  scientific  breeding  of  "thorough- 
breds" was  the  pursuit  in  life  he  most  preferred,  genealogy 
was  scarcely  less  a  passion  with  him,  and,  when  he  retired  from 
active  management  of  the  stud-farm  some  twelve  or  fourteen 
years  ago,  the  absorbing  occupation  of  his  busy  brain  was  in 
arranging  and  annotating  this  great  mass  of  family  documents. 
In  this  engrossing  task  (which  was  really  no  "task,"  but  a 
veritable  '  'labor  of  love"),  he  was  fortunate  in  having  the  keen 
sympathy  and  active  assistance  of  a  congenial  helpmate,  whose 
distinguished  ancestry  matched  his  own,  and  we  trust  that  it  is  no 
impertinence  on  our  part  to  express  the  hope  that,  now  that  he 
is  gone,  this  accomplished  lady  will  see  fit  to  edit  and  to  publish 
to  the  reading  world  this  intimate  family  record  of  her  hus- 
band's gallant  forebears,  who  served  king  and  republic  alike 
with  distinction  for  over  three  hundred  years. 

Mr.  Brodhead  never  entered  "public  life,"  as  that  term  is 
commonly  accepted,  but  he  was,  nevertheless,  immensely 
interested  in  all  public  questions,  and,  as  he  was  a  man  of  wide 
acquaintance  and  universal  popularity,  the  politicians  had  alwa}s 
to  reckon  with  his  disinterested,  yet  potent,  influence. 

In  appearance,  he  was  the  beau-ideal  of  the  "gallant  Ken- 
tuckian" — of  commanding  presence  and  gracious  manners, 
possessing  the  indescribable  "6e/  air''  of   the  bom  aristocrat. 


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PROCEEDINGS.  ]v 

yet,  withal,  what  is  commonly  known  in  these  latter  days  as 
"a  good  mixer"  with  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  men. 

He  had  little  more  than  rounded  out  his  "three  score  years 
and  ten, ' '  when  he  fell  quietly  asleep  at ' '  Okalee, ' '  his  country 
home  m  Woodford  County,  Kentucky,  Oct.  1st,  1914  (though 
the  announcement  of  his  death  did  not  reach  us  until  the 
spring  of  the  current  year). 

He  was  universally  lamented  throughout  his  native  state  and 
widely  elsewhere,  while  this  Society  will  long  miss  the  active 
support  and  keen  sympathy  with  its  aims  which  he  ungrudgingly 
accorded  it  for  over  a  quarter  of  a  century. 

In  conclusion,  we  must  emphasize  once  more  our  poignant 
regret  that,  for  reasons  already  stated,  \ye  are  debarred  from 
paymg  even  a  passing  tribute  to  others  in  this  mournful  roll- 
especially    to    three   old    friends.— Major    Holmes    Conrad 
of  Wmchester,   the  daring  soldier,  learned  jurist  and  brilliant 
orator— Jacob    Hefflefinger,    the   modest  and  erudite  anti- 
quanan   of   Hampton,    whose    "Kecoughtan,    Old   a}id   New'' 
gave  him  high   rank   among  our   local   historians— and   last, 
but  by  no  means  least,  the  witty  and  genial  Robert  L.  Parrish, 
Jr.,  of  Covington,  who,  but  for  the  untimely  fate  which  snatched 
him  from  us  in  the  full  flush  of  his  young  manhood,  had  surely 
achieved  high  reputation  as  an  expert  in  rare  ''Virginiana." 
Yet,  after  all,  words  are,  at  best,  but  idle  things,  and,  mayhap, 
even   m   the  land  beyond  the  stars,   these    three  old  friends' 
divining   the   wistful  tenderness  and  regret  that  underiie  our 
hns\ied^jequicscaV\m^y,    like    Browning's    dead    "Evelyn 
Hope,"  "remember  and— understand.  " 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted.  '     '  . 

W.  GORDON  McCABE. 

President. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  Annual  Report,  Mr.  J.  Alston 
Cabell  was  called  to  the  chair. 

The  next  business  was  the  election  of  officers  and  members 
of  the  Executive  Committee.     On  motion,  a  nominating  com- 


lf"/l3V»l 


noi&iA   .(.  .iM   .Jioq^^  U:- 


Ivi  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

mitteeconsistinj^'  of  Mr.  W.  Clayton  Torrence,  Col.  Jennings  C. 
West  and  Mr.  Charles  C.  x'Xnderson  was  ajipointcd. 

When  the  committee  retired  a  motion  was  made  and  adopted 
thanl-cing  President  McCabe  for  his  sei-vices  to  the  Society  during 
the  past  year.  Mr.  Cabell  gracefully  tendered  the  thanks  of 
the  Society  to  President  McCabe. 

The  nominating  committee  returned  and  recommended  that 
the  following  be  elected  : 

President— \N .  Gordon  McCabe,  Richmond,  Va. 

Vice-Presidents — Archer  Anderson,  Richmond,  Va.,  Edward 
V.  Valentine,  Riclimond,  Va.  and  Lyon  G.  Tyler,  Williams- 
burg, Va. 

Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian — William  G.  Stanard, 
Richmond,  Va. 

Recording  Secretary — D.  C.  Richardson,  Richmond,  Va. 

Treasurer — Robert  A.  Lancaster,  Jr.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Executive  Coinmittee — C.  V.  Meredith,  Richmond,  Va., 
Charles  W.  Kent,  University  of  Virginia,  J.  Stewart  Bryan, 
Richmond,  Va.,  A.  C.  Gordon,  Staunton,  Va.,  S.  S.  P.  PaLte- 
son,  Richmond,  Va.,  S.  H.  Yonge,  Richmond,  Va.,  WiUiam 
H.  Palmer,  Richmond,  Va.,  Rt.  Rev.  A.  1\L  Randolph,  Nor- 
folk, Va.,  Daniel  Grinnan,  Richmond,  Va.,  J.  P.  McGuire,  Jr., 
Richmond,  Va.,  Wm.  A.  Anderson,  Lexington,  Va.,  Morgan 
P.  Robinson,  Riclmiond.  Va.  ^  ;  ,'        . 

On  motion  the  ofhcers  and  members  named  were  unani- 
mously elected. 

President  Mc  Cabe  resumed  the  chair,  and  there  being  no 
further  business,  on  motion,  the  meeting  adjourned. 


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.*^I 


THE  ARMISTEAD  FAMILY, 

1635-1910. 
By  Mrs.  VIRGINIA  ARMISTEAD  GARBER.       '^  ^ 

A  book  of  305  pages,  with  index,  containing  the  Armistead  Arms  in 
color,  the  old  Armistead  book  plate  and  data  connected  with  some  of 
the  families  that  have  intermarried  with  the  Armisteads.  Price,  $5.00. 
Sold  by  Mrs.  V.  A.  Garber,  211  East  Franklin  St.,  Richmond,  Va.,  and 
Whittet  &  Shepperson,  Pub.,  Richmond,  Va.  The  Armistead  Arms  in 
color  can  be  bought  for  $1.00  each;  the  old  book  plate  for  $1.25  per 
hundred. 

The  editor  of  Va.  His.  Soc.  Mag.  says  the  author:  "She  is  no  doubt  the  chief  authority 
on  the  Armistead  family,  and  her  linowledge  of  her  subject  and  tireless  industry  haT*  ea- 
abled  her  to  prepare  what  is  by  far  the  fullest  account  of  that  family." 

Oct-U-ljr 


The  Virginia  IHagazine  of  History  and  Biograpliy. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  which  is  issued 
quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  will  accept  for  publication 
a  limited  number  of  advertisements  of  a  suitable  character. 

The  special  attention  of  Schools,  Colleges  and  booksellers  are  called 
to  these  rates 

The  edition  of  the  Magazine  is  1,200  copies,  and  its  circulation  it 
•cnstantly  increasing  among  foreign  and  American  scholars. 

Those  who  have  old  books,  pamphlets,  antique  furniture,  curios, 
etc.,  for  sale  will  find  it  of  advantage  to  avail  themselves  of  thii 
medium  of  advertising  them. 

A>  '      -  ■       WILLIAM  G.  STANARD,  Editor, 

707  E.   Franklin,  Richmond,   Va 


Eastern  Shore  Genealogies 

Genealogical  Investigation  made  in  the 
records  of  the  counties  of  Northampton 
and  Accomac,  Va. 

STRATTON  NOTTINGHAM, 
Eastville,  Va. 


'  ','ii\itit.  ._U-  1«  iAiJii;^^  it,' 


9lll 


•"  -!r*T 


■•m    -  1   ■»  II 


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Quality  -Promptness 

The  Twins 

'    that  Bring 

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'■',.,  to     .    .    .,, 

Mitchell  &  Hotchkiss 

==Printers  of=^ 

Books,  Pamphlets  and 

Commercial  Work  of 

Every  Description 

6-8-10  North  Eighth  Street 
Richmond,  Virginia 


JrTf 


-lo  aiainh^ 


Iff  ""  ,B>Ioo 


cidbi^^  ,bnomdii5I 


Genealogical  Researched  in  England  and  in  Europe  Generally. 

Leo  Culleton  Imembur  of  English  and  Foreign  Historical  Record  Societies. I 
92,  Piccadilly,  London,  England. 

Original  researches  in  all  classes  of  records.  State,  Municipal.  Manorial,  Ecclesiastical 
(including  non-conformist.  Quakers,  etc.).  Probate.  Collegiate.  Military,  Naval,  Indian. 
Colonial. 

Wills  &  Chancery  Suits  ha»e  been  aptly  described  as  the  backbone  of  Pedigrees. 

Lists  of  testators  of  a  particular  surname,  compiled  from  the  Official  Calendars  in  the 
various  Probate  Courts  in  London,  also  in  the  numerous  provincial  probate  centres.  Esti- 
mate of  expense  sent  on  request.  Similar  lists  of  Chancery  Suits  (plaintiff's  names)  com- 
piled. From  these  lists  or  from  lists  already  printed,  selections  can  be  made  &  abstract  £ 
of  wills  in  the  London  Courts  furnished  at  ti-i  cents  each.  Abstracts  of  Chancery  suits  at 
75  cents  pach. 

Mr.  Culleton 's  Heraldic  &  Genealogical  reference  library  of  3000  indexes  includes  the  fol- 
lowing unique  manuscript  indexes. 

Early  Chancery  Proceedings:  names  of  plaintiffs  and  defendants 

Vol.  I.-1385  to  l-lt)7;  32,000  Vol.  V.-1515  to  1529;  32.000 

Vol.  n.-1467  to  1485;  34,000  Vol.  VI.-1558  to  1579;  32,000 

Vol.  1II.-14S5  to  1500;  30,000  Vol.  Vn.-1579  to  1621;  30,000 

Vol.  IV.-1500  to  1515;  30.000  Vol.  VIIL— lt)21  to  1060;  30,000 

llater  period  searched  by  arrangement). 

Court  of  Star  Chamber  Court  of  Requests 

Vol.  IX.-1485  to  1558;  30,000  Vol.  X.— 1485  to  1585;  32,000 

Index  to  pedigrees  in  the  "Additional"  MSS.  at  the  British  Museum;  46,(J00. 

Index  to  pedigrees  in  the  "Harleian"  MSS.  at  the  British  Museum. 

Index  to  every  name  in  Rupps  "Emigrants  to  Pennsylvania";  30.000, 

Irish  Chancery  Proceedings,  &c..  1514  to  1575;  12,tKM). 

Armorial  Bearings  in  Cole's  heraldic  MSS.  at  the  British  Museum;  8.000. 

For  searches  in  above  mentioned  MSS.  indexes,  the  charge  is  50  cents  each  volume,  plus 
5  cents  for  each  name  found. 

Among  other  manuscript  indexes  are:  ,  ,    ,         ,  , 

Collection  of  familv  mottoes;  12,000,  arranged  under  hrst  word  and  Index  of  families  us- 
ing the  mottoes;  Search  $1.00;  each  name  5  cents;  each  motto  with  translation  50  cents. 

Additions  to  Marshall's  Genealogist's  Guide;  many  thousands. 

Annotations  to  Burke's  General  Armory;  many  thousands. 

Pedigrees  in  Mr.  Culleton's  private  collection. 

Abstracts  of  Wills;  many  thousands. 

Wills  proved  in  India.  . 

MS.  indexes  to  hitherto  unindexed  family  &  county  histories,  printed  parish  registers, 

Complete  index  of  all  families  and  arms  in  Siebmacher's  Wappenbuch  (Heraldry  book), 
60  Vols.     Search  for  a  particular  surname  12.50.  ,.    ■    - 

A  general  search  through  all  indexes  including  copy  of  all  genealogical  &  heraldic  informa- 
tion found:  from  $1.25  according  to  the  name.  This  usually  results  in  a  most  interesting 
collection  of  family  data  from  earliest  period  to  modern  times  &  forms  the  basis  of  a  Family 
History. 

Searching  by  time,  $1.00  per  hour  for  short  investigations;  75  cents  per  hour  on  lengthy 
searches. 

Ancient  records  transcribed  &  translated.     Foreign  records  translated. 

Pedigrees  engrossed  &  illuminated  on  vellum. 

Armorial  Bearings  painted  in  correct  heraldic  colours. 

Scarce  heraldic,  genealogical  &  other  works  searched  for. 

Remittances  by  dollar  notes,  P.  O.  Money  Orders  or  Drafts  payable  in  London. 

Leo  Culleton,  92  Piccadilly,  London,    England 


00' 


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PUBLISHED  QUARTtRLY  BY  Mei 

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,  .,^ .  Entered  al  ihp  Posloffirt.  at  Richmond,  Va ,  as  Swond  ciass'MaKeV'^ 


K^-^l^Hih^^^^  ot  William  Byrd,  Firs£ 


F^^%^^^^  Gleaningg  iu  England -^^It^r;^^^/^ 
i^^^'^'i^'^^^^^^^^^'ttsylvamaC^^^     mr^'t^i-,  271 -^X"^ 
fcs^^  er-vlieport  of  Tourrev  of  Francis  J.am^  \'{^nh^^     .^\  %   otk ,'^Jl^ 


THE 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


Vol.  XXIV.  June,  1910.  No.  3 


LETTERS  OF  WILLIAM  BYRD,  FIRST. 

[Many  years  a^^o  a  letter  book  of  William  Byrd,  first  of  that 
family  in  Virginia,  was  presented  to  this  Soeiety.  Thirty-two 
of  the  letters  were  printed  in  the  Va.  Historical  Register  I, 
60-66,  114-119;  II,  78-83,  203-209;  but  the  selc^-tions  seem  to 
have  been  made  with  no  especial  reason.  The  numerous  un- 
published letters  throw  light  on  trade  between  England  and 
Virginia  and  conditions  in  the  Colony  as  it  has  been  determined 
to  print  them.  The  writer  needs  only  a  brief  notice  here.  He 
came  to  Va.  as  a  young  man  to  inherit  the  very  considerable 
landed  estate  of  his  maternal  uncle,  Thomas  Stegg,  who  was 
Auditor  General  of  Virginia  1664-70.  Wm.  Byrd  lived  first  at 
Belvidere  on  the  present  site  of  Richmond  and  near  the  close 
of  hsi  life  bought  "Westover."  He  was  an  extensive  planter, 
trader  in  tobacco,  furs,  etc.,  owned  stores  in  Virginia  and  was 
interested  in  the  Indian  trade  and  in  exploration  of  the  West. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  and  Council  and 
was  Auditor  and  Receiver  General  of  Va.  1687-1704.  He 
married  Mary,  daughter  of  Warham  Horsmanden,  a  Royalist 
refugee.  His  son  WiUiam  was  educated  in  England,  and  the 
daughter  Ursula  or  Nutty  (as  was  his  pet  name  for  her,  doubt- 
less on  account  of  her  complection)  was  also  sent  to  England. 


226  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

On  her  return  she  married  Robert  Beverley,  the  historian. 
The  will  of  Thos.  Grendon  (referred  to  in  se\'eral  letters)  is  in 
Waters'     Gleanings,     420-431]. 

To  Mr.  North. 

Vir-'a  ffeb'ry  the  25,   1688. 

Yo""^  by  Ruds  &  Wynne  lately  came  to  my  hands  with  most 
of  the  Goods  you  Sent  mee  by  the  latter,  but  have  not  yet 
opened  any,  being  but  last  night  return 'd  from  Gloster  where 
I  have  been  to  wait  on  our  new  Govern''  &  where  Pate  &  my 
Selfe  did  not  forgett  yo''''  &  Dick  Johnsons  good  health.  I 
wrote  to  you  formerly  by  Paggen  by  whom  I  sent  you  fiftyHds. 
Tobo.  w:''  I  hope  ere  this  time  is  come  Safe  to  your  hands.  I 
have  now  nothing  to  adde,  but  could  not  misse  this  oppertunity 
by  So  good  a  Conveyance  as  my  Coz.  Grendon  by  whom  have 
Sent  a  small  token  to  be  sj.ient  amongst  our  friends.  Yo'^  is 
not  yet  come  to  hand,  but  care  is  taken  for  it,  our  onely  mis- 
fortune is  my  Coz.  Tom  will  loose  his  vShare  of  it. 

You  shall  hear  farther  by  Wynne,  who  I  believe  (if  any)  will 
get  his  Ladcing  though  at  low  rates,  by  him  I  shall  send  you 
Some  Tobacco  &  I  hope  other  goods.     Mine  &  my  wives  best 
respects  &  Ser\'ice  to  yo""  Selfe  &  Lady  from 
S^ 

Yo''  hmiible  Servant 

Will.  Byrd. 
To  M^  North  p^  Culpcper. 


•;  ■■  To  Mr.  Coe. 

Virg'a  ffeb'ry  the  25,  1683. 
Dear  S^ 

Yo''''  by  Cap'  Ruds  &  Wynne  lately  rec'^,  as  allso  what  things 
sent  to  my  wife  w:''  I  suppose  shee  hath  given  yo''  Lady  an 
acco'  of  Sc  wee  must  e\'er  acknowledge  our  Selves  infinitely 
oblidged  to  }'ou  both,  for  your  many  favo'''*  both  to  us  &  ours, 
&  wish  it  lay  in  my  power  any  way  to  testify  my  acknowledge- 
m*^  of  yo''  kindnesses;  this  I  hope  will  come  Safe  to  you  by  my 
Coz.  Tom  by  whom  I  have  Sent  a  Small  token  to  bee  Shared 


'  'vjA  ''oY 


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LEITERS  OF    WILLIAM    BYKD,   FIRST.  227 

amongst  our  friends.  I  give  you  ihanlvs  for  j'o"  though  not 
yet  come  to  hand,  but  care  is  taken  for  it,  &  though  Coz'n 
Grcndon  will  not  fast  it,  wee  shall  not  faile  to  drink  yo''  &  his 
good  health  with  it  at  Cap'  Randolphs,  where  wee  Order"^  it  to 
been  put  on  Shoar.  Pray  gi\'e  my  best  resi)ected  &  Service 
to  all  where  its  due,  Especially  to  yo''  Lady  &:  accept  the  Same 
yo''  Selfe  from  Dear  S^ 

Yo""  oblidg'd  fe'^  &  Servant 
,       .    \V.  13. 
To  M""  Coe  p""  Culpeper. 


To  Mr.  Gower. 

Virg'a  ileb'ry  2lji''  1(JS3. 
S^ 

I  rec'  one  froin  you  this  year  jj''  Caj^'  Bradly,  wherein  you 
promise  mee  I  shall  hear  more  at  large  by  Wx'nne,  &  tell  mee  of 
roots  ev  seeds,  but  Wunne  being  arrived,  I  cannot  hear  of  so 
much  as  a  letter  froin  you  w:''  would  make  mee  doubt  yo"" 
wellfare,  did  not  others  tell  me  that  all  our  friends  were  well, 
in  w:''  catalogue,  \'ou  e\'er  had  our  Esjieciall  ])lace,  in  my  Esteem 
&.  therefore  I  could  not  Ijut  vSalute  \'Ou  with  a  line  or  two  by  so 
good  a  friend  as  brings  this,  to  assure  you  I  shall  ever  acknow- 
ledge the  many  favo'"  I  have  So  frequently  rec"^  from  you;  Wee 
Seldome  meet  but  remember  yo""  good  health;  &  Shall  Suddenly'' 
\A-hen  wcQ  dispose  of  yo""  kind  token,  w:''  I  doubt  not  but  you 
have  a  share  in.  All  our  friends  here  in  health  &  give  you  their 
best  respects  &  Service,  pray  present  mine  to  all  at  yo''  House, 
&  elsewhere  its  due,  assureing  you  I  shall  qv<jv  remain 

Yo'   Oblidg's  fr''  c^'   Serv'. 
W.  B. 

P.  S.  I  wrote  last  year  2  letters  to  my  bro.  Robinson,  Sister 
Rich'*''  &  Godmother  but  have  not  had  one  tittle  from  any  of 
y'm  tliis  year.  ,     ,,      .,,       .,,,...  .    ■ -. 

To  AP  Gower  in  y*^  Culpe]jer.  ^ '■..'■'■       ■    ■      ■     '    '•    ■ '■ 


a  .// 


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228  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ■  •' 

■  To  Perry  and  Lane.  . 

Virginia,  ffeb'y  26^''.  1683. 
Gen'. 

I  wrote  to  you  yesterday  p'  the  Culpeper  &  have  little  now 
to  adde,  this  Serveing  only  to  accompany  Cap'  Bradly  with  101 
H'^'*  Tobo.  as  p'^  bill  of  Ladeing  &  Invoice  inclosed  will  appear 
P  the  next  I  hope  to  Send  you  some  fturres,  shall  not  trouble 
you  farther  at  present,  but  take  Leave 

Gen' 

Yo^  wall  fr^'  &  Serv' 
W.  B. 
To  m'  Perry  &  Lane  P  Bradly. 


To  Perry  and  Lane. 

James  City  in  Virga.  Apr '11  y«  25"^  1684.    ,     , 
Gent 

My  last  to  you  by  the  Culpeper  &  Bradly  I  hope  ere  this  are 
Safely  come  to  yo'  Hands  with  what  I  sent  therewith,  have 
little  now  to  adde  onely  acquaint  you  with  our  wellfare,  I  could 
have  w4shd  you  had  been  more  particular  in  yo"'  letters  of  y'' 
markett  of  furrs  &  Skins,  I  haeing  ingaged  for  a  considerable 
quantity  before  my  rec'  of  yo''  last  at  I  fear  too  great  a  price. 
You  shall  (god  willing)  receive  some  by  Cap'  Tibbett  who  Saith 
hee  shall  Saile  about  the  20"'  of  next  month.  I  have  had  many 
complaints  about  my  stockings  this  year  as  allso  of  Hats,  threds 
&  Some  of  y'^  Linnen  iron  worke  &  nails  y''  worst  ever  saw, 
which  I  hope  will  hereafter  bee  mended. 

Wee  are  in  lilcelyhood  of  forward  Crops  this  year,  &  dout 
not  God  saying  amen,  to  bee  as  forward  as  any  of  ye  Mary- 
landers.  I  have  inclosed  Sent  for  some  additional  things  w:^ 
were  bespoke  Since  my  last,  w  ■}'  pray  lett  mee  have  as  soon  as 
may  bee,  &  let  mee  not  faile  of  all  my  Indian  Tnicke  betimes, 
the  want  of  Beads,  or  Some  other  trifles  being  oftentimes  a 
great  prejudice,  shall  not  trouljle  >'ou  farther,  but  acquaint 
you  I  have  charged  bills  of  Ex«^  to  mr  Peter  Perry  on  you  for 


J  avi>.  YM«a1  oT 


.1  A  A> 


.....-.,:  T   ■■[-...    •"    "   ■,.■  .,<^'!;n  ■.'•M-.r 


bftfjl 


LETTERS   OF   WILLIAM   BYRD,    FIRST. 


229 


5G£.19s.02d.,  allso  some  others  w:"  please  to  pay  aceordin^^ly 
I  mus    confesse     was  Surprized  to  find  my  Selfe'So  far  bch  nd 

'r;:r"^s;:^/-^^^^^-^-^ 

Gent 
,,„  Yo'  rcall  friend  &  Servant 

^^  hat  you  wrote  about  English  Servants  I  had  anticipated  by 
he  Culpeper  &  therefore  shall  say  no  more  of  it,  for  y'  ne-ro's 
W  they  come),  I  shall  take  some  if  ,hey  pro^•e  well 
To  m'  Perry  &  Lane  P  Tailor. 


To  Mr.  North. 

James  City  in  Vn-ga.  Apr'il  v  2U"'  IGSt 
RIy  last  to  you  was  by  my  Coz.  Grendon,  sv:''  I  hope  with 

re™  r.\"' r ';  'T'  ?"n  "■  ■  "^^'^  ""'<^ '"  ^^^^'  --'>'i  "- 

Sent  ^  w  »'^"'''"  '^  ^'■™'  ^"^"  '•*"  lh°^«  gooJ.^  you 

Sent  mee  by  Wynne  &  can  find  no  fault  with  them,  onely  I  find 

many   tlungs   as   Duffeilds   Cotton,    Brandy,    na.ls   &c   much 

dearer  than  I  paid  p  L,  but  the  different  Seasons  they     "■' 

bought  ,n  may  bee  some  reason  for  a.     y  french  Hats  I  sent 

or  extraordmary  for  mj-  Selfe,  were  worse  than  those  1  Td 

Indian  Goods,   that  yon  may  take  the  advantage  of  a  more 

\\  ynne,  by  whom  &  des.gne  you  about  90  Hds  of  Tobo  &  other 
Goods,     itee  reckons  to  saile  about  the  last  of  next  Alo'teth 
by  whom  I  shall  write  more  at  large.     My  Service  to  all  our 
fnends,  &  accept  the  .Same  yo'  selfe  from 

S' 

Vo'  f}-iend  &  Servant 

I  have  charged  a  bill  of  Exchange  on  you  paj'able  to  [no 
Herbert  for  2oC.  JGs.Od.  &  inclosed  se.tt  jou  one  of  mv  Coz' 
Grendons  for  :i-l£.0s,0d. 
To  M' North  P.  Zach  Tailor. 


^•i-s 


•oii^'i    I  ji.^,^.  2,  jvij'i    4a  oi' 


.HTSioVl 


nrtrf 


bad  1  '.yoAj  r.  >  loi 


230  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  '/i, 

To  Thomas  Byrd. 

•       '    •■:•.  Virginia  May  20  '84. 

Dear  Bro. 

I  was  glad  by  yo""  letter  to  hear  of  yo''  wellfare  as  allso  of  all 
our  friends.  My  wife  &  little  ones  are  very  well  &  desire  to  bee 
remembered  to  you,  pray  give  my  best  respects  to  yo''  Master, 
&  remember  mee  to  my  Bro.  &  Sister  Robinson  &  Sister  Rich- 
ards &  tell  them  I  take  it  very  unkindly  that  (though  Iwrote 
twice  to  each  of  them  last  year)  1  have  not  reed  one  line  from 
Either  of  them  this  year.  Pray  remember  mee  to  my  Grand 
]\Iother;  I  shall  not  doubt  yo'  diligence  to  improve  yo'  time. 
Assuring  you  none  more  desires  yo'  benefit  then 

Yo'  affectionate  Bro 
To  T  B  p  Wynne 


To  Perry  and  Lane. 

Virginia  May  the  20^''  1684. 
Gen» 

This  accompany  Cap'  Wynne  with  four  Hds  of  ffurres  as  p 
bill  of  Ladeing  &  Invoice  inclosed  may  appear.  Cap*  Tibbett 
promised  mee  to  fetch  them,  but  I  hear  he  designes  to  excuse  it, 
wherefore  I  was  forced  to  i^ersuadc  Wynne  to  take  them  in; 
There  is  little  of  news  the  Assembly  not  yett  broke  up;  great 
likely  hood  of  forward  Crops  being  abundance  of  raine  lately. 
Wee  are  in  great  anxiety  for  y*^  Quaker  Ketch,  &  very  desirous 
to  hear  where  abt  the  market  may  bee,  I  hope  the  Dolphin  got 
well  home,  though  here  is  a  report  of  a  very  hard  winter  you 
have  had  in  England ;  with  a  continued  E  wind  for  many  weeks. 
I  shall  not  trouble  you  farther  at  prsent  but  with  best  respects 
&  Service  take  leave 

Gent 
'^       .    •  Yo*  reaU  friend  &  Servt 

W.  B. 
Since  my  last  to  you  I  have  charged  36£  to  m''  Hartwell 
Si'Os.Od.  money  to  m'  Place  &  8  to  Ben  Harrison,  pay  pass 
accordingly.  "■    •    ■        ■■■..''      '    '■'■"<     •i,  i'm 

To  m' P  by  Wynne.  '      i     i-  -        .,         .:'    ,        ;    , 


.tJ 


rnofl  anil  one  fvMi  Jon  oviiii  I  (looy 


•i^iH<I   oT 


'  H'vD 


r/^tyi  A  hnvh^  If;:'/:  'oY 

,e  7/ 


LETTERS  OF   WILLIAM   BYRD,   FIRST.  231 

To  Perry  and  Lane.  m^  .      ■ 

'K      Virga.  Hb-- the  30"'  1784. 

Gen' 

I  wrote  to  you  lately  by  a  Yorke  Ship,  &:  hopec  then  Cap* 
Hall  would  hav^e  Vjeen  ready  to  have  Saild  with  this,  &  so  might 
have  been,  had  others  indeavor'd  his  dispatch  as  I  have  done, 
haveing  now  81  Hds  on  board,  when  Shee  will  vSailc  I  know 
nott,  but  Shall  Shi])  no  more  on  board  her  this  year,  hope  others 
will  make  it  up.  Shee  had  a  tedious  jiassage  heither,  &  by  all 
rejjort  is  no  runner.  Cap*  Hall  thinks  if  shee  were  lengthned,  the 
increase  of  her  Burthen  would  soon  answer  the  Charge,  &  shee 
would  Saile  much  better,  but  that  shall  leave  wholly  to  yo' 
discretion,  I  could  have  wished  wee  had  bought  or  built  a  new 
one,  rather  then  to  have  been  at  so  much  charge  with  this  w;*" 
had  like  to  have  ruined  us,  Butt  of  this  too  much:  What  you 
projxDse  as  touching  the  Cargoe  sent  P  Dolj^hin,  I  am  willing 
to  goe  my  jjart  (of  whatsoever  on  her  Acco')  proportionable 
to  my  part  of  the  ship;  What  you  mentioned  about  the  Pinke 
for  the  Barbados  have  answered  in  my  last  &  Shall  expect  her, 
else  shall  provide  other  way's,  Wee  here  desire  not  to  be  Con- 
cern'd  w:''  too  many,  &  therefore  if  wee  find  her  Concem'd  all 
over  the  River,  wee  shall  have  nothing  to  doe  w'^  her;  for  the 
Cargoe  P  Hall,  I  find  itt  reasonably  well,  onely  Cottons,  w:^ 
you  say  are  Cheajjer  &  better,  I  find  much  dearer,  as  fonnerly, 
you  sent  y'm  at  IGJ^d.  p  Goad,  you  now  Charge  20d.  i>c  not 
oncly  so  but  have  (by  mistake  I  su])pose)  Charged  mee  just 
ten  pounds  too  much  in  that  Article  in  yo""  Invoice  Viz'. 
422H  Goads  of  Cotton  Chargd— 451 :4s  :()2d  at  20d.  P  Goade 
w :'' comes  to  but  just  351:4s:02d 


lUl:0s:00d 

I  am  vSorry  that  Scarce  once  in  a  year  I  can  recieve  any  Acco' 
of  the  markett  of  ffurres  or  skins,  by  w:''  being  in  the  darke,  I 
have  been  a  Considerable  looser  within  tliis  twelfe  moneth;  for 
the  En-oe  in  the  of  Cok'  plletting  I  shall  keep  them,  since 

'twill  bee  scarce  worth  while  to  send  it  to  Cap'  Hall  for  the  bed 
ticke  you  micntion  I  have  it  not  mine  being  barely  41.  as  allso 


'  U*Ji  J 


V 


•f  OOf"'' 


\,<ni:      I       It- 


232  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Cap'  Randolphs  w:''  is  the  Same  w**'  mine,  I  must  confesse  I 
am  now  under  great  dissatisfaction  about  tlie  damage  in  the 
Culijcper,  Especialh'  since  by  no  indeavo''-'  of  mine  I  can  learne 
how  faire  I  am  concern'd  therein,  &  tmely  were  not  the  year  so 
untoward  that  few  Shijjcs  {Sc  tliem  with  difficulty)  will  get  their 
ladeing.  I  Could  almost  forever  deny  shijjping  one  U'^''  on 
board  her  whilst  I  live,  but  Shall  venture  once  more;  I  am  under 
an  unhapp}'  disapointment  for  want  of  Severall  things  I  sent 
for,  Esijccialh'  for  the  Rresse  Wire,  the  Pattom  wherof,  I  put 
in  the  Letter  w'''  my  owne  Hands;  Servants  at  the  rates  you 
mention,  at  the  latter  Season  of  the  year,  Cannot  bee  v;orth 
while,  others  had  much  Cheaper  &'  forward;  Shijis  will  bee 
generally  very  latter  this  year  no  Seasons,  to  Ship  Tobo.  ik  the 
planter  who  hath  twice  or  thrice  (it  may  bee)  allready  sold  his 
Tobacco  is  in  no  Hast  to  Strip  itt,  Shall  not  troul)le  you  farther 
at  present  but  tak  k-axe 

I  am  Gen' 

Vi^^fr'^  &  Serv' 

\V.  B. 
If  you  send  y  Pinlce  to  Barbadoes  on  our  acco'  I  would  have 
by  her  5U0  Negros  between  12  &  24  years  old  about  1000  Gall'ns 
Rum  3024000  1.   of  Sug^   (nuiscox-ado)   &  abou  200  1.   Ginger 
To  P  p  Booth. 


To  Mr.  North. 

Virga.  XI)'  the-  20"'  1084. 
S' 

I  lately  wrote  to  \-ou  by  way  of  Yorke,  1j_\'  w ;''  I  ga\'e  xcni  a 
acco'  of  m}'  Coz  Grendons  death,  &  design'd  to  ha\-e  sent  you 
by  this  a  Copy  of  his  will  & :  but  this  shi])  Sailing  vSooner  then  I 
expected  &  the  Badnesse  of  the  \\cathcr  pre\-ented  mee,  this  I 
hope  will  come  Safe  to  yo'  Hands  b}'  the  Booth  w">  40  Hds  of 
Tobacco  as  P  bill  of  Ladeing  &  invoice  may  a])])ear,  if  Scarcity 
will  ever  make  Tobo.  a  Commodity,  it  will  l^ee  this  year,  I  am 
Sure  it  Scrace  6c  dear  enough,  i<:  w"'  worse  generally  \ery  bad. 
m""  Grendons  death  hath  ])ut  mee  to  Some  trouble,  that  I  can 


avilSAa/.M  JiCHHOTitlH   AlMiaUiV 


r.  ■) 

1  li 

:  II 

.  '/ 
A 

•J/Ji'i     ,ii;j     )rf.J    jil'JK'Jl'.l    }(. 

n   ,/■ 

;■  id  yd 

:  ,  I      of 


'8 

I.  :.'•     ■.    /v^  1     .  r'  >  '.-.'ii  lij  viiv/  ■.  t;  i'l..'  oj  •iit/i7/  vi-jiiii  ! 

i  1:.  ^   I  ■■-,    r;  •;:([!;..<    .f,'.   ...  ( 

J  ^■»|i       .  J  i,    '-,  i\      .  .•■1-;.,    T  *if,t;,;.'    -Jii;    1^.   •) 


LETTERS  OF   WILLIAM    BYKD,   FIRST.  •  233 

Scarce  give  you  any  acco'  of  y*'  Goods  rec*^,  onely  one  p''  lac'*^ 
ruffles  you  sent  mee,  I  sui>i)ose  the  lace  had  been  tramp'''  in  y° 
kennell  before  it  was  made  (the  Wrist  Bands  not  being  Soild), 
&  are  I  fear  not  worth  a  farthing,  st>  y  Saddle  you  Sent  mee  for 
my  Selfe,  I  find  the  Stirnip  of  a  Side  Saddle  w:''  I  su])]jose  was 
Sent  instead  of  a  Curb  bitt,  w:''  I  find  Wanting.  You  shall  have 
it  again  P  Bradly.  You  shall  hear  farther  ere  long,  in  the 
mean  tinie  accept  of  mine  w^''  my  wives  best  respects  cv  Service 
to  ycj""  Selfe  &  Lady,  m"'  Coe  &  his  &  all  the  rest  of  our  friends 
from 

S'-  Yo^  fri'd  &  Serv' 
W.   B. 
To  m^  North  P  Booth. 


To  Perky  .\>:d  Lane. 

Virga.  iTeb'ny  the  2-'  1684.-  ' 
Gen' 

I  wrote  to  you  al)out  a  moneth  eine  P  the  Booth.  Since  w:*^ 
I  ha\'e  not  reed  one  letter  from  you,  nor  can  hear  any  certainty 
of  Winne  or  Tibbets,  this  (1  hope)  Vvill  come  Safe  to  yo''  Hands 
by  Cap'  Hall,  w:''  81  Hds  of  Tolxicco.  Wee  have  left  her  to 
yo""  discretion  whether  for  London  or  Rotterdam. 

There  hath  been  now  a  good  Season,  most  Tobacco  is  Strip 'd 
&  I'll  assure  you  I  never  knew  so  little  made  in  these  parts  in 
my  life,  nor  I  think  So  bad;  I  ha\"e  inclo.sed  Sent  for  the  iron 
worke  of  a  Saw  Mill,  w:''  I  desire  may  bee  Sent  by  the  first  Ship, 

6  that  the  Cranke  may  bee  made  exactly  according  to  y  in- 
closed patteme.  If  it  is  cast  (wiihoui  flaws)  il  may  doe  best; 
the  Racke  &  Nutt  must  fitt;  I  am  told  it  may  bee  best  &  cheap- 
est had  out  of  Holland,  but  I  thinke  wrought  iron  is  prohibited, 
therefore  must  leave  it  to  you,  onel}'  earnestly  desire  that  great 
care  may  bee  taken  (in  y  Cranke  especially)  that  the  iron 
worke  bee  well  &  Exactly  according  to  ye  dimensions  inelo-etl, 
for  I  hope  my  timber  worke  will  l)ee  finished  before  }-''  End  (jf 

7  b""  next:  Inclosed  is  allso  a  note  for  Some  Indian  Goods  w:'' 
I  allso  desire  by  the  first  oppertunity.  I  had  some  complaints 
of  my  Duffeilds  &  Cottons  this  year,  by  my  next  I  shall  givu  you 


iHb\  <i:  -m' 


..T 


f.     Ir„      r.      ,;,  .,1    ..f,,- 


p.i  !i  \i       ■>. 


234  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

a  fuller  acco*  my  Clo:  w'td  Plains  &  Cottons  very  bad  &  indeed 
all  the  Cottons  very  dear,  D''  Bullard  Sent  mueh  better  both 
Duffeilds  &  Cottons,  w:''  are  vSold  as  cheajj  as  possibly  I  can 
afford  mine,  pray  Speake  to  the  Gun  Smith  that  the  Dogs  of 
all  the  Gun  locks  have  good  Hold  otherwise  the  Indians  will  not 
buy  them;  I  shall  tiot  trouble  you  farther  at  present  but  with 
best  rcsj)ects  '&  Ser\'ice  take  lea\'e 

Gen'' 
•  Yo''  friend  &  Servant 

W.  B. 
To  m'  Perry  &  Lane  P  Hall. 


1\)  \[. 

Vu-ga.  ITeb'ry  2^^  1G84. 
S^ 

I  wrote  to  you  about  5  weeks  since  by  the  Booth  by  whom 
I  sent  you  40  H'^'^  of  Tobo.  w:''  I  hope  v/ill  long  ere  this  come 
Safe  to  your  Hands,  have  little  now  to  adde,  onely  inclosed  have 
Sent  our  Invoice  for  some  Indian  trade,  &  hope  you  will  mend 
your  Hand,  the  Duffeilds  Herbert  brought  in  much  exceeds 
yo"  the  cloth  cold  plains  you  Sent  is  not  So  good  by  a  groat  a 
yard  as  some  I  had  w:''  did  not  cost  So  much  by  23/^d.  a  yde, 
by  Ruds  Idesigne  you  Some  Tobo.  &  other  Goods  &  by  him 
Shall  Send  my  Invoice  for  what  Goods  I  designe,  but  would 
willingly  first  See  my  Acco''  Pray  give  my  best  respects  &  Ser- 
vice where  its  due,  &  accept  the  Same  yo'  Selfe  from 

S' 

Yo'  reall  iV^  &  Ser\^^ 
W.  B. 
To  M.  P  Hall. 

Speake  to  y^  Gunsmith  that  the  Dogs  of  the  Ix)cks  have  good 
hold,  otherwise  the  Indians  will  not  buy  them. 


To   His    Brother   and   Sister   Robinson. 

'  Virga.  Mo.  March  1G85  (4?). 

Dear  Bro :  &  Sister 

Yo"  of  y*  29"'  of  July  came  Safe  to  hand,  though  y'=  unhappy 


1     /, 


n/:!T  q  cjfijsa  ^^.  viv/I  ^m  oT 


.1/.  ..T 


nJ  i;i'.il>nf  'Jirroy  lO^ 


;ua 


cy-!  t«c«.)'.s  Ion  i;Ff«  '*:w  bi.S  I  yfO'-g  :<j-.  l-ifV-i 


>\    77 

IloII  <I    \i\  oT 
•>  f-i  ^>Ia»J  i)fij  k)  cyoCI  -jiij  Serf  '  '  \:  ot  .^iuxi-^ 

j.r-M<;  vikI  Jon  Ihv/  .-.r.,...-...   -iJ  ;)Hi7VTjrt;>  .biorf 


n, 


yq'ludriL'  *v  fl;4iii>f1j  ,FiJ:j;if  oi  ilit?.  Ofn//.)  <Iu(,'n>     '.;^ 


LETTERS   OF   WILLIAM    BYKI),    FIRST.  235 

Bearer  dyed  at  vSea,  I  will  assure  you  twas  great  Satisfaccon  to 
mee  to  hear  of  your  wellfare,  &  notwithstanding  the  distance 
of  ])lace  nothing  can  bee  more  to  my  Content  then  to  hear  of  the 
prosperity  of  my  (So  near)  relations,  therefore  yoii  will  omitt 
no  oppertvmity  to  lett  mee  hear  from  you  by  letters,  w^''  (Since 
heaven  hath  placed  us  at  that  distance)  is  the  onely  way  wee 
have  to  communicate  our  thoughts,  therefore  hope  I  shall  hear 
from  you  oftener,  IVIy  little  daughter  Ursula  comes  herewith, 
to  whom  I  shall  not  doubt  your  l;indnesse,  Pray  give  my  kind 
love  to  our  Sister  Mary  &  all  our  friends,  &  Accept  of  mine  w**" 
my  wives  to  your  selves  heartily  wishing  us  a  men-y  meeting 
in  England  I  remain 

Yo''  affectionate  Bro 
W.   B. 
To  Bro :  Robinson  P  Culpeper 

Virga.  31-^'  March  1684 
Dear  Sister 

Yo^-'  of  y*^  29"'  of  July  came  to  my  Hands  d'  was  glad  to  hear 
from  you,  though  Son-y  to  understand  you  were  in  So  Sickly 
a  Condition  Pray  God  if  it  bee  his  blessed  Will  restore  you  to 
your  former  health  w:''  would  bee  ver)'  wellcome  news  to  mee. 
My  poor  Coz.  Grendon  dyed  att  Sea  in  Octob^  last,  My  wife 
&  little  daughters  are  well.  One  of  y'm  (Ursula)  comes  here- 
with pray  God  Send  her  a  good  Voyage.  M}'  wife  gives  you 
her  kind  love  &  Service,  Pray  give  mine  to  all  where  its  due, 
especially  to  my  Sister  Mary  &  accept  y*"  Same  yo''  selfe  w^*" 
my  pra)'crs  to  God  for  your  health  &  wellfare  I  remain 

Dear  Sister 

Yo""  ever  loveing  Bro: 
W.  B. 
To  Sister  Rich^^  P  Culpeper. 


To  Thomas  Byrd. 

Virga.  Ulto.  March  1684. 
Dear  Bro: 

Yo"  of  y*"  T**"  of  August  came  to  my  Hand,  though  my  friend 
by  whom  twas  Sent  dyed  att  Sea;  I  am  heartily  glad  to  hear  of 
your  wellfare,  &  doubt  not  but  you  will  So  well  improve  yo"' 


aiS  .Tsaii  A 


i>i   T3rf 
(t 

H  .V/ 


.UHYrt    2AM<»mT    oT 


236  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

selfe  that  when  you  come  to  bee  out  of  yo''  time,  you  will  bee 
able  to  manage  yo""  buisinesse  to  y''  best  advantage,  wherein 
I  shall  bee  ever  ready  to  assist  you.  One  of  my  little  Daugh- 
ters comes  herewith.  M}'  wife  desires  to  be  remembered  to  you. 
Pray  give  my  best  respects  to  my  Sister  Mary  &  all  where  its 
due  &  accept  the  same  yo""  selfe  from 

Yo''  affectionate  Bro:         '"^^ 
W.  B. 
To  Bro:  Tom  P  Cul])eper  .•    . 


•  To  His  Brother  Rand.   '  ''- 

Yirga  March  31-^^  1685 
Dear  vS'  • 

Yo""^  by  Cap'  Dell  came  Safe  to  my  Hands  &  was  heartily 
Wellcome,  bringing  us  the  good  news  of  your  Wellfare  &  my 
Sisters  Safe  delivery  of  a  vSon,  of  whom  I  wish  you  both  much 
Joy.  My  wife  &  2  Girls  are  I  thanke  God  in  health.  Little 
Nutty  comes  herewith,  if  vShee  calls  on  you  by  the  way,  I  doubt 
not  your  kindnesse  I  should  ha\'e  been  heartily  glad  to  have 
Seen  you  in  England  this  year,  had  not  my  affairs  here  (most 
of  w:*^  I  am  Sure  bring  more  trouble  then  profit  or  pleasure) 
hindred  mee,  but  it  may  not  bee  long  first.  My  Coz  Grendon 
(in  y*-"  flower  of  his  Age)  dyed  y^  10  of  8  b""  last  at  Sea  &  the  Old 
Woman  (not  indureing  to  lye  alone)  Marryed  abt  y  latter  end 
of  Jan'ry  to  one  m""  Edw'^  Brain  a  Stranger  here.  My  best 
respects  &  Ser\'ice  to  j'o''  selfe.  Lady,  Sister  Dudly,  m'  Knowles, 
w*^  all  the  rest  of  our  friends  in  ^'o""  parts  from 

Dear  S' 
Yo''  affectionate  Bro:  (S:  Serv^ 
W.  B. 
To  Bro:  Rand  P  Culpeijcr 


99*-'  '.-r  vx.-'    ~mi 


ifj 


•lOcisqlwO  '■I  rnoT  :oifl  oT 


'{li'ifi:)^!  8ev/  4I»  sbnr.H  vm  oi  aUr^  ynii;".*  liaO  '  Y 


(•  '^ 

J'  > 

f 


LETTERS  OF  WILLIAM    BYRD,   FIRST.  237 

To  Daniel  Horsmanden. 

.,    r,  s,      ;,<    '    Virga.  March  y'^  3P'  1685         .  ,     , 
Dear  Bro; 

Yo'''*  of  y°  6"^  of  July  last  come  to  my  Hands,  by  w:*'  was  glad 
to  hear  of  yo''  wellfare,  for  one  letter  a  year  is  the  most  I  have 
reed  from  you,  therefore  wonder  you  should  blame  mee  in  that 
who  have  allways  doubled,  &  most  comimonly  trebled  y*^  num- 
ber. IMy  wife  &  girls  are  in  health,  little  Nutty  comes  here- 
with, God  Send  her  well  to  you,  &  I  shall  not  doubt  your  kind- 
nesse  to  her.  Poor  Coz  Grendon  dyed  at  Sea  in  Octob''  last 
&  y"'  old  woman  finding  itt  not  convenient  to  bee  alone  hath 
man-yed  one  m""  Edw*  Brain  (a  Stranger)  in  Jan'ry  last.  Cap' 
Randolph  &  m''  Banister,  present  their  Service  to  you,  whom 
wee  allways  remember  when  wee  meet.  Pray  give  my  blessing 
to  my  Children  when  you  See  them,  w^''  best  respects  &  Service 
to  all  where  its  due,  &  accept  y"^  Same  yo''  selfe  from 

Dear  Bro. 
Yo''  affectionate  Bro:  &  Servant 
W.  B. 
To  Bro:  Dan '11  P  Culpeper 

(To  be  Continued) 


■  •(  v 
i;    I 


rss 


,  ;     ^JlfyTTTI 


>7 


.i  "/  A 


.);jLiz5 


....  OJ 


"tO' 


(b'juaiiftoC)  3*]  o'i "; 


ii'rtnCi  ;oi9  oT 


238  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT 

1622-1629*. 


From  the  Originals  in  the  Library  of  Congress. 
(Continued.) 


''All  erasures  in  the  originals  are  here  printed  in  italics. 


(175.)  ^.  -  ■•-.    ■ 

Edward  Nevell  swome  &  examined  sayeth  yt  Mr  Crisi^e  did 
promise  to  give  Mr.  Weston  (1)  seat n tie  yt  he  would  he  would 
not  Truck  any  of  his  Tobacco  at  Canada  &  yt  before  he  had  his 
goodes  ashore  he  wold  putt  him  in  good  securitie  not  to  Truck 
away  any  of  his  Tobacco,  excei)t  some  hundred  weyght  to  buy 
him  apparell  and  some  other  necessaries. 

T  [l^_,.'^'^"''J"^a^  Weston,  a  London  merchant,  was  one  of  the  associates  of 
John  Pierce,  to  whom  a  grant  of  land  was  made  by  the  Virginia  Company 
Jan.  12  lOiy-20.  He  was  closely  associated  with  the  emigration  of  the  Pil- 
grims; but  later,  diflerences  arose  between  him  and  them.  Weston  owned 
a  number  of  slaps  and  was  actively  engaged  in  trading  to  America  and  in 
tishing.  He  decided  to  attempt  a  settlement  in  x\'e\v  England,  and  is  the 
summer  of  1G22,  his  ships  the  Charity  and  S2oun.  and,  probably,  the  Spar- 
row, brought  hfly  or  si.xty  men  for  a  settlement  at  Wassagussel  (now 
Ueymouth).  The  Chanty  also  carried  thirty  passengers  on  to  Virtnnia. 
ihis  settlement  seems  to  have  been  very  obiectionable  to  the  Plvinnulh 
peoi)le,  who  accused  the  new-comers,  generally,  of  much  bad  cor.duct 
though  stealing  corn  is  the  worst  specific  charge.  Roliert  Cushman  wrote 
from  hngland  to  his  brother  Pi]grims.in  regard  to  Weston's  men  "I  pray 
you  therctore  signify  to  Squanto  [the  Indian  interpreter]  that  they  are  a 
distinct  bt.dy  from  us,  and  we  have  nothing  to  do  with  them,  nor  must  be 
blamed  for  their  faults,  much  less  can  warrant  their  fidelity  "  The 
savage  mmd  could  draw  but  one  inference  from  this  Christian 'message 
and  promptly  made  plans  to  e.xtiqjate  the  Weston  colony.  It  is  of 
course,  not  intended  to  imply  that  Cushman  mstigated  an  attack  i,n  the 
new  settlement;  but  he  should  have  known  the  danger  of  .such  a  message 
the  Weston  colony  was  soon  abandoned,  most  of  its  members  r<-lurning 
to  l^ngland  while  a  few  went  to  Plymouth  and  Virginia. 

Weston  continued  for  a  number  of  years  his  trading  and  fishing  ventures. 
Alexander  Brown  states  that  later  he  owned  land  in  Virginia  and  Mary- 
land. He  was  for  a  lime  a  rcsi.lenl  in  Virginia  and  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses  m  ](i2:S.  h  should  be  noted  here  that  the  present 
Maine  was  then  called  Canada.  Thomas  Weston  is  said  to  have  died  m 
Bristol  during  the  Civil  War. 


T?) 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  239 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Mr.  Weston  shall  ])ay  to  Mr.  Newman  for  ye 
service  of  Arthur  Avelince  si.\  baiTcUs  of  shecld  come  and  two 
firkins  of  butter  or  ihe  valcw  therof  in  Comodities,  as  ye  said 
butter  and  Comodities  cost  in  Englande. 

And  for  the  fraught  of  Certen  goods  purchased  [  ?]  at  one  town, 
yt  lie  take  for  the  fraught  therof  after  ye  rate  of  fower  jx^wnde 
to  be  paid  in  Tobacco  at  the  rate  of  three  shillings  p.  ])owrid 
accordinge  to  the  agreement. 

Thomas  Cr3^spe,  gent.,  swome  &  examined  sayeth  that  he 
was  witness  to  A  Covenant  when  Edward  Ne\^ell  did  Co^'enant 
to  deliver  one  hundred  pound  weight  of  Tobacco  to  Robert 
Newman  uppon  theire  arix^all  at  Canada,  in  consideracon  yt 
the  said  Edward  Nevell  had  a  bill  signed  [  ?]  over  to  him  by  John 
Warde  (2)  for  the  rejjayment  of  ye  said  hundred  waight  of 
Tobacco  at  this  Crojj]). 

And  fourther  sa}-eth  yt  when  they  ari\'ed  at  Canada  Robert 
Newman  demanded  \'e  Tobacco  of  Mr.  Ne\'ell  at  damarells 
Cove(3),  and  ]\lr.  Nevell  Answered  peradventure  it  is  at 
Massicusis  [?]  yt  you  shall  have,  And  sayeth  yt  after  this  Mr. 
Newman  made  a  second  demand  of  it  and  he  refused  to  \ydy  it, 
saying  yt  it  was  at  hib  choyse  luhe  for  ther  Jie  wold  jmy  it  or  no 
at  Canada  was  noe  day  or  place  ai)])ointed  for  the  pa>'ment 
therof  so  it  was  paid  in  Canada. 


(170.) 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Mr.  Nevell  shall  paye  to  Robert  Newman  (4) 
and  John  Warde  ffyftie  pownde  waight  of  good  merchantable 
Tobacco,  And  to  deliver  upp  to  them  one  Bill  v/herin  they 

(2)  Captain  John  Ward,  who  made  a  number  of  voyages  to  Virginia 
settled  a  plantation  in  the  Colony  at  Ward's  Creek,  and  with  hi.s  Lieut- 
enant, John  Gibbs,  represented  it  in  the  Assembly  of  1G19. 

(3)  'i'he  Damarells-Damaris-,  Damarinscove  Islands,  are  five  or  six 
in  number  and  lie  off  the  coast  of  Maine,  between  the  Kennebec  and 
Penotjscot.  They  were  early  resorted  to  by  hshing  ships  and  occupied 
for  fishing  stages. 

(4)  The  "iMuster"  of  William  Gayne  and  Robert  Newman,  appears 
in  the  Census  of  1624-5.  Robert  Newman,  aged  25,  came  in  the  Neptune 
in  1018,  and  the  "muster"  also  included  Ji^hn  Coker,  aged  20,  and  .Arthur 
Avelon,  aged  2G,  the  latter  having  come  in  the  Elizabeth  in  1020. 


Ct£ 


.r .'/,  ?     ■  I  !• 


i/>iT'«A^ 


(OTI.) 


240  :■-      "        VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

stand  bound  to  him  for  ye  payment  of  one  hundred  pounds 
\vai<,'ht  of  Tobacco 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Mr  Weston  shall  ijay  Robert  Thresher  one 
hundred  and  fower  score  jx^wnd  waight  of  good  merchantable 
Tobacco  ]jresently,  In  consideracon  of  that  Tobacco  \\''ch  he 
laid  owte  of  Robert  Threshers  at  Canada  for  his  owne  comodities 
And  two  hundred  and  ffiftie  pound  waight  more  for  his  not 
bringing  a  servant  for  ye  said  Robert  Thresher  according  to 
agreement  and  twenty  pounde  of  ye  like  Tobacco  a  weekx-  for 
John  Coker  his  servant  from  ye  fourteenth  of  June  to  the  eigth 
of  October  next  JoUounng  last  jjast. 

Killibett  Hitchcock (5),  gent.,  swome  &  examined  sayeth 
That  he  was  over  to  Archers  Hope  with  the  wyddow  Bush  and 
was  present  when  she  did  make  an  absolute  bargaine  with  Mr 
Thomas  Farley  for  the  land  he  was  then  seated  one,  for  six 
y ceres,  And  that  Air  Farley  did  tender  her  payment  of  a  hun- 
dred waight  at  that  present,  but  beinge  late  and  the  weather 
doubtful  she  would  not  then  take  it  \^'ith  her  but  did  defer  the 
payment  therof  until  Mr  Farlow  had  his  leafe  sold. 


'        ■•  (177.) 

John  Elysone(G)  swome  &  Examined  sayeth,  that  he  was 
present  when  the  widdow  Bushe  did  grant  a  lease  to  Mr  fl'arle}'' 
of  the  lande  he  was  then  seated  one  for  six  yeares.  And  that 
Mr  ffarley  was  to  pay  therin  present  a  hundred  waight  of  To- 
bacco, And  that  she  offered  to  have  made  Mr  ffarley  a  lease 
therof  at  that  tyme  yf  there  had  been  candle  length  in  the  house 
and  yt  Mr  ffarley  was  to  paye  to  the  widdow  Bush  sixtie  pound 
of  Tobacco  yearly  rent  for  the  place. 

(5)  Kilibett  Hichcocke,  was  living  at  James  City  in  1023;  but  was  out 
of  the  county  or  omitted  in  the  Census  of  1024-5. 

(0)  John  Ellyson  who  came  in  the  Prosperous  and  his  wife  Ellin,  who 
came  in  the  Charitie  were  living  at  Archers  Hope  1024-5.  At  the  same 
time,  Susan  Bush  aged  20,  who  came  in  the  George,  1017,  widow  of  John 
Bush,  who  died  in  1024,  was  living,  together  with  Sarah  Spence,  aged  four, 
born  in  Virginia,  and  live  servants,  at  Elizabeth  City.  Sarah  Spence 
was  daughter  of  Ensign  William  Spence,  who  had  been  a  burgess  for 
James  City  in  the  Assembly  of  1019  and  who,  with  his  wife,  was  returned 
in  the  list  of  dead  Feb.  10,  1023,  as  "Lost,"  doubtless  killed  by  the 
Indians.  Sarah  Spence  seems  in  some  way  to  have  been  the  heir  of  Susan 
Bush,  who  must  have  died  not  long  after  the  Census  of  1024-5. 


.av 


H 


.(IT   'J. 'mi   Oi 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  211 

In  regarde  of  the  greatc  charge  yt.  Thomas  Bennett  (7)  hath 
uppon  his  hands  and  other  considerations  The  Court  doth  con- 
descend yt  he  shall  have  two  barrells  of  Come  abated  him  of  his 
rent  for  this  year. 

Yt  is  orderd  yt  gardians  of  Sara  Spence  shall  make  satysfac- 
tione  to  Thomas  ffarley  for  the  cost  &  charges  he  hath  been  at  in 
Clearinge  and  building  uppon  the  lande  he  now  is  seated  one, 
w'ch  he  hath  p'fonned  since  the  widdow  Bush  made  him  grante 
of  a  lease. 

Yt  is  ordered  w'th  ye  Consent  of  ye  Governor  yt  six  hundred 
waight  of  Tobacco  dew  Mr  Cleyboume  as  by  a  former  order 
apeareth  and  one  hundred  waight  to  Clarence  Maye  [?],  one  hun- 
dred waight  to  Wm  Julyan,  And  sixtie  waight  to  John  Powell, 
being  dew  to  them  from  the  Company  shalbe  paid  to  them  owt  of 
the  Companys  rent  of  their  rent  this  yeeres  rent,  W'ch  the  Gov- 
ernor was  formcrlv  ordered  to  receax'e  in  sattisfacon  of  this  Deft. 


(178.)      ^      '    --:■':     ■    -.- 

k  Courte  held  the  xxviii"'  of  November  1625  beinge  present 
S'r  flrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor,  Capt  ffrancis  West, 
Capt  Roger  Smith,  Capt  Samuell  Alathewes,  I\Ir  William  Cley- 
boume 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  the  p'vost  marshall  shall  give  a  discharge 
to  the  purser  of  the  Elizabeth  for  the  receipt  of  those  goodes 
w'ch  he  hath  receaved  of  John  ffox  and  John  Pickemell  who  died 
at  sea.  And  to  take  the  Charge  of  sendinge  of  the  Tobacco  made 
of  those  goodes  into  England 

Wlieras  Thomas  Thackthorpe  [or  Shackthorpe]  and  Robert 

BuiTOws  beinge  brought  over  as  servants  for  Richard  Page, 

m'r  of  the  Elizabeth,  who  by  order  of  C^^urt  dated  ye  19'^  of 

September  1G25  weere  delivered  the  one  to  Mr  Abraham  Persia 

(7)  In  the  muster  of  Thomas  Bennett  (at  the  census  of  1624-5)  at 
Basses  Choice,  appear  Thomas  Bennett,  aged  38,  who  came  in  the  Neptune 
in  1618,  Mary  Bennett,  aged  18,  came  in  the  Southampton,  1622,  Roger 
Heford,  and  Benjamin  Simes,  aged  33.  Tlie  last  was  no  doubt  the  Ben- 
jamin Symes,  later  of  Elizabeth  City,  who  by  his  will  in  1634,  founded  a 
'chool  in  that  county,  still  represented  by  the  Syme.s-Eaton  Academy 
at  Ham])ton,  the  oldest  endowed  school  in  the  United  States.  Thomas 
Bennett  was  probably  a  brother  of  Edward  Bennett  who  had  a  great 
plantation  not  far  away  at  Warrosquoiacke. 


iua'tj 


)  A 


omuixi 


242  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

and  the  other  to  Air  John  Woolrich  for  2  servants  of  theirs  who 
went  away  after  they  were  shipt  by  neekhj^^ence  The  Court 
refers  it  to  be  tried  in  England  betwixt  the  owner  and  the 
wyddow  Page  who  shall  stand  to  the  loss  of  those  two  Ser\^ants 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  the  purser  of  the  Elizabeth  shall  pay  to  Caleb 
Page  for  the  use  of  the  widdow  of  Richard  Page  late  m'r  of  the 
Elizabeth  COO  pounds  waight  of  good  merchantable  Tobacco 
and  that  the  jjurscr  shall  ship  the  said  Tobacco  aboarde  the 
Elizabeth  and  give  ye  bill  of  lodinge  for  the  same  into  this 
Court  to  be  recorded 

And  yt  Caleb  Page  shall  take  the  charge  of  receavinge  ui)p 
the  rest  of  the  Tobacco  and  other  depts  due  to  his  brother 
Richard  Page,  and  to  be  accountable  for  the  same  to  this  Courte 
to  ye  use  of  ye  \A'3-dov/  Page  v^-hen  he  shalbe  therunto  caled. 


(179.) 

Thomas  Weekes  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  yt  A  boye 
shipt  by  Thomas  Page  aboarde  the  EHzabeth  did  doe  all  such 
Busines  and  labour  duringe  the  voiage  as  the  Boatswain  did 
Comand  him  to  Doe 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Caleb  Page  shall  prefer  in  Court  A  trew  and 
iuste  accoupt  of  all  such  depts  and  Tobacco  as  he  shall  receave 
in  Virginia  for  depts  dew  his  Brother  Thomas  Page 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Capt  Tucker  shall  deli\^er  such  goodes  as  he 
hath  in  his  handes  of  Mr  Vincent  Barber's  unto  Mr  MaiTnaduke 
Rayner(8),  or  otherwise  that  he  appeare  hcere  before  ye  Go\'- 
emo-  and  Councell  at  James  Cyttie  one  mondye  next  come 
sennight  beinge  the  twelf  d'ye  of  Decemiber  next  to  show  cause 
too  the  Contraire 

John  Snode  [?]  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  deposeth  that 
the  Inventorie  by  liim  i)'duced  in  Court  ^^■as  A  trewe  Inventory 
of  the  goodes  of  Thomas  Clarke,  deceased. 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  a  warrant  be  sent  to  Lt  Bairy  yt  yi  the  Con- 
troversie  depending  between  him  and  Henry  Geny  cannot  [be 

(S)  Marm;idul:e  Rayncr  was  a  member  of  llic  Virijinia  Comijany  and 
as  mate  and  master  made  several  voyages  to  Virginia.  In  the  summer 
of  1G20  he  made  an  exploring  expedition  from  Virginia  to  Roanoke. 


IjliiOTc 


t 

c  ■  It 


0<;fi»»j  Wt*;i/;  UJ  j/.'^n   rji 


V 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  243 

settled?]  at  ye  Court  at  Elizabeth  Cyttie  yt  then  Lieut  Barry 
do  appeare  heere  one  this  daye  three  weeks  to  answer  to  said 
Henry  Geny  to  his  duitc. 

Wheras  John  Utie,  gent.,  deposeth  in  Courte  yt  certain 
things  Demanded  in  Courte  by  Mr  Hanvood,  were  received  by 
him  of  Mr  Harwood  for  the  [use"']  of  Southampton  hundred 
Company.  A  note  of  ye  p'ticulars  19  i'hirtes,  8  payer  of  shewes, 
18  payer  of  fish  firkins  [?],  4  felling  Axes. 


(180.) 

John  Utie,  gent.,  deposeth  yt  the  bond  wheron  John  Shep- 
pard(9),  Doctoris  Christmias,  &  Mr  Jonas  Stogden  stand  bound 
to  Mr  John  Pountis  late  Thresurer  of  Southampton  Hundred 
was  for  the  discharge  of  said  John  Shepparde  and  Doctoris 
Christmas  from  the  servdce  of  Southampton  Company 
.;  Yt  is  ordered  yt  John  Shejjparde  and  Doctoris  Christmas 
havinge  discharged  their  bonde  to  Mr  Pountis  shal  have  their 
ffredom  accordinge  to  agreement  as  other  tenants  have  had. 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  a  warrant  to  Christopher  Lee  (10)  to  deliver 
the  fortie  fower  boushels  of  Come  of  the  pursers  now  in  his 
hands  of  Mr  Peirsie  to  any  of  the  ships  Comjiany  or  else  to 
ap]jeare  here  one  Monday  next  to  show  cause  to  ye  Contrary. 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  notw'thstandinge  the  Covenant  made  be- 
tweene  Mr  David  Sandys,  minister,  and  the  ])arishoners  of 
IMartins  Hundred,  That  they  shall  paye  the  full  dews  as  other 
jjarishes  doe,  nottw'thstandinge  his  not  p'forming  his  covenant 
by  reason  of  his  Death. 


(181.) 
A  Courte  held  the  5*''  D'ye  of  December  1625,  beinge  present 
Sr   ffrancis   Wyatt,    Knight,    Governor,    Cajjt.    ffrancis    West, 
Capt.  Roger  Smith,  Mr  Wm  Cleybourne 

(9)  Doctoris  and  Elizabetli  Chri.stmas  were  living  at  Elizabeth  City 
in  1()2.3,  and  he  wa-i  in  Viri^inia  in  November  1G2.5;  but  is  not  included  in 
the  Census  of  1(324-5.  It  is  evident  that  tiiis  census  is  not  complete.  See 
tliis  A'laj^azine  XIX,  085  for  note  on  Doctoris  Christmas.  John  Slieppard 
was  probably  the  "Lieutenant  Shei)))ard,"  living  at  I^li/.alx'lh  City  in 
1023;  but  not  named  in  the  Census  of  1(121-5. 

(10)  In  the  Census  of  1G21-5,  Christopher  Lee,  aged  30,  who  came  in 
the  Southampton  in  1G23,  appears  as  a  servant  of  Abraham  Persey  at 
James  City. 


£H  .T«UO0  JA48KdO  OMA  Mbv 


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i_:.,j  ..,.-.ri„i. 


244  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Nicholas  Roe(ll)  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  yt  he  re- 
membreth  at  Canada  yt  Mr  Weston  gave  order  to  Mr  Nevell 
not  to  deHver  Mr  Crispe  his  Tobacco  unless  he  brought  Mr 
Wetheridge  to  give  securitie  yt  Mr  Crisp  should  not  Truck  away 
any  of  his  Tobacco  in  ye  Country,  but  wether  Mr  Weston  did 
absolutely  demande  Mr  Wetheridge  should  give  his  bonde  or 
to  deliver  it  uppon  his  word  this  deponent  doth  not  well  re- 
member 

And  further  he  sayeth  that  being  at  Damerells  Cove  Jeffry 
Coniish  came  abourde  the  ship  caled  the  Swan  and  demanded 
this  deponent  the  cause  of  his  brothers  execution,  sayinge  yt 
hath  been  told  his  brother  was  put  to  death  wrongfully  and  that 
he  wold  be  revenged  of  them  that  were  ye  occasion  of  it. 

And  further  sayeth  yt  whilst  Jeffry  Comish  and  this  deponent 
were  in  talke  Mr  Nevell  cam  in  place  and  told  ye  said  Jeffr>^  Cor- 
nish yt  he  was  at  the  triall  of  his  brother  and  at  his  execution 
and  that  he  could  say  more  conceminge  his  execution  than  this 
deponent  could  doe,  after  w'ch  this  deponent  was  caled  down 
into  ye  hold,  so  yt  wt  other  Conversation  was  betwixt  them  con- 
ceminge that,  he  knoweth  not  The  said  Comish  and  Nevell  re- 
mayninge  uppon  the  deck  talkinge  together,  and  further  he 
cannot  depose. 

John  Giles  swome  and  examined  sayeth  yt  he  heard  Jeftry 
Comish  sware  and  sale  that  he  w;old  be  the  cause  of  the  death 
of  those  yt  were  ye  cause  of  putting  his  brother  to  death,  This 
deponent  beinge  abourde  their  owne  shipp  caled  the  Swann, 
And  coming  abourd  another  shipp  riding  hard  by,  but  yt  Ed- 
ward Nevell  or  another  told  said  deponent  he  was  put  to  death 
w-rongfuUy,  he  cannot  say. 


(182.) 
Christopher  Knollinge  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that 
being  a  shore  at  Damarells  Cove  in  Canada  JefTery  Comish 
cam  unto  him  and  demanded  of  him  w't  he  could  say  concerning 
""(TlWHcholas  Rowe,  who  came  in  the  Elizabeth  in  1621,  and  Mary 
Rowe  who  came  in  the  London  Merchant,  1020,  were  livmg  at  Elizabeth 
City  1621-5. 


•31 


If  J  Jit>^  r.ii^  iiii  J  tv-iilUf  \- }i 


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U-l'vt<r«     Tit.^ 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  245 

his  brother  being  putt  to  death,  sayinge  that  some  of  ye  Swan 
should  tell  him  yt  his  brother  was  put  to  death  wrongfully  & 
said  yt  he  would  spend  his  blood  for  his  brother  to  be  revenged 
on  them  yt  did  it,  but  this  deponent  askinge  him  Deponent  the 
said  Cornish  who  told  him  so,  he  refused  to  tell  him.  and  more 
he  cannot  say. 

Nicholas  Hodges  swome  and  examined  sayeth  he  herd  Mr 
Weston  say  to  Nicholas  Roe  at  Canada  yt  unles  he  would  signe 
a  release  unto  him  he  would  putt  his  two  men  ashore,  and  would 
not  bring  them  to  Virginia 

It  is  ordered  yt  A  warrant  be  made  to  cause  xMr  Weston  to 
appeare  [before]  ye  Governor  and  Councell  at  James  Cyttie 
one  mond'ye  the  12^^  ^f  December  and  to  bring  up  his  pynnace 
w'th  him  yf  winde  and  weather  will  serve,  yf  not  yt  he  do  p'son- 
ally  apeare  him  self,  and  his  pynnace  to  come  upp  after  and  yt 
Mr  Cnspe,  Mr  Newman,  Mr  Nevell,  Thomas  Godbie  and  all 
others  who  have  ought  against  or  for  Mr  Weston  do  appear  heere 
the  same  D'ye  Concerninge  the  business  of  3'e  Swan  and  yt  Mr 
Weston  bring  upp  Mr  Nevells  goodes  in  ye  barke 

Yt  is  orderd  yt  Robert  baring  shall  pay  eight  barrells  of  Corne 
to  Mr  William  Hanvood  for  ye  Companyes  dept  w'ch  is  dew 
unto  him. 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Mr  Procter  shall  paye  to  Mr  Perry(12)  in 
recompense  of  his  boat  w'ch  was  splitt  by  Mr  Procters  meanes- 
the  some  of  fiftie  pound  weight  of  good  merchantable  tobacco,' 
present  payment. 

Peter  Busbey  [or  Bayley]  swome  and  examined  saith  yt 
commgedownin  Mr  Procters  shallopp  w'th  passengers  [and  >] 
Tobacco  Edward  ffysh  [Fysher  ?]  espeied  a  duck  ahead  and  spake 
to  ye  Company  to  take  her  upp,  and  ye  duck  fiew  away,  but  ye 
shallop  at  that  tyme  shipt  noe  water 
Th^^^L. ,^^'\'^^^'"  P'--'"^y  came  to  Virginia  in  1611  and  died  Au?.  6.  1637  ' 

bore  a  sh^;  Zvfrh  "^"1'^  historian,  who  also  states  that  the  tomb 

oore  a  shield  with  armorial   bearings  too  worn  to  be  identified      Perrv 
was  appointed  to  the  Council  1632-3:     See  this  Magazine  11,  151  ^ 


240  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

(183.) 

Caleb  Page  swome  and  examined  sayeth  ye  he  herde  John 
Pickcnell  say  3't  he  did  owe  William  Webster,  purser  of  the 
Elizabeth,  fyftie  pounds  waight  of  Tobaeco,  wherupon  it  is 
ordered  yt  the  purser  shalbe  paid  tliis  sum  out  of  the  Tobacco 
w'ch  Ijy  order  of  Courte  he  is  to  i)ay  to  the  provost  marshall  for 
Peckem.ells  goodes 

And  where  it  doth  appear  by  Richard  Page's  books  that  he 
doth  owe  William  Brewere  for  five  gallons  of  Aquavitae,  and 
tVvO  barrells  of  grecne  ginger  yt  is  orderd  yt  Caleb  Page  shall 
payc  him  for  ye  same,  twenty-fower  pounds  of  Tobacco 

Yt  is  ordered  that  Thomas  Dowethome(13)  shall  pay  to 
Sergeant  John  Harris  for  a  dept  of  William  Gantlett,  deceased, 
the  quantitie  of  three  ban-ells  of  Indyan  Come  presently,  The 
bill  of  Gauntletts  p'duced  in  Court  affirminge  ye  same  to  be 
dew  dept. 

Yt  is  ordered  yt  Caleb  Page  shall  receave  the  goodes  of  Thomas 
Page  his  brother  and  to  receave  Tobacco  for  the  sum,  x\nd  to 
bring  in  a  perfect  Accoumpt  therof  unto  this  Courte,  &  shipping 
3^e  goodes.  Tobacco  for  Englande  deliver  into  ye  Courte  a  bill 
of  ladinge  for  the  samiC. 


(184.) 

A  Courte  lield  the  xii''  daye  of  December  1625,  being  present 
Sr  ffrancis  W^'att,  Knight,  Governor  &c,  Capt  Roger  Smith, 
Raphe  Hamor,  Mr  William  Cleyboume 

At  the  humble  desire  of  Captayne  Thomas  Willowby(14)  ye 
Courte  hath  assented  he  shall  have  two  hundred  acres  of  land 
scituate  aboute  two  myles  w'thin  the  mouth  of  Pamunkey  river 

(13)  The  muster  of  Thomas  Dunthonie,  of  Elizabeth  City,  at  the 
Census  of  1624-5,  included  himself  aged  27,  who  came  in  the  Margaret  & 
John,  1620,  Elizabeth  Dunthorne,  aged  38,  who  came  in  the  TryalL.  1010, 
and  six  servants.  Dunthorne's  wife  v.as  eleven  years  older  than  he,  and 
had  been  in  the  colony  ten  years  longer;  but  marriage  with  an  experi- 
enced and  thoroughly  acclimated  widow  had  its  compensations. 

John  Harris  owned  200  acres  in  Charles  City  in  1G26.  William  Gaunt- 
let!, curiously,  is  entered  in  both  the  lists  of  living  and  dead  in  1623; 
but  the  latter  was  probably  correct. 

(14)  Notices  cf  Thomas  Willoughby,  William  Claiborne,  Roger 
Smith,  and  Ralph  Hamor  and  their  families  have  appeared  in  former 
numbers  of  this  Magazine.  For  a  note  on  John  Jefferson  see  XXIII, 
19. 


9r 


(Mi) 


.-../v/.     ^    :    ) y-.-l    .-i.-i^    ..-    ..-il    L    .^i 


MJNUTES  OF  THE  COl'NCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  247 

and  abuttingc  westerlye  on  to  Creeke  and  thence  extendinji;  one 
hundred  i^ole  along  ye  banke  of  ye  river  and  ye  southedye  side 
of  the  said  River,  provided,  that  he  plant  and  seate  uppon  the 
saide  lande,  or  some  parte  of  the  saide  lande,  v/'thin  seaven  }'ears 
next  after  the  date  herof  ensueinge  or  else  ye  s'd  land  to  Vje  free 
any  other  to  mal<;e  choyse  &  yn[thenl  ye  saide  Thomas 
Willowbie  to  tal<e  his  said  devident  in  some  other  playce. 

Mr  William  Cleybounie,  Counsellor  of  Estate,  doth  likewise 
desireth  of  the  Courte  to  have  two  himdred  and  ffyftie  acres  of 
land  granted  unto  him  sytuate  Aboute  Archer's  Hop^e  and 
abuttinge  westerly  uppon  the  lande  of  Joakin  Androos  &  esterly 
ui^^jjon  the  land  of  Lieut.  John  Jeffersone,  vSoutherlie  uppon  the 
maine  river  &  northerly  upi)on  the  maine  lande  unto  w'ch  his 
request.  The  Courte  doth  willinglie  consent  Provided  yt  he 
ymj^loy  plant  or  seate  uppon  the  said  land  w'thin  seaven  yeres 
after  the  date  therof 

Capt  Roger  Smith  Counsellor  of  estate  doth  likeu-ise  desireth 
of  the  Courte  to  have  one  hundred  acres  of  lande  for  his  own 
p'sonall  ad\'enture  he  beinge  an  old  planter,  fower  Acres  of  the 
said  lande  hteinge  w'thin  the  jjrecincls  of  James  Cyttie  &  the 
other  nyntie  six  sytuat  uppon  a  Creeke  w'thin  the  mouth  of  the 
back  river  w'thin  ye  Corporalion  of  James  Cyttie,  deviding  it 
^^ 'esterly  from  the  gleabe  land,  and  thence  extendinge  along  the 
band:  of  the  river  fortie  eight  pole  sutherly  upi)on  the  mouth  of 
the  said  back  river,  and  westcrl}'  u]jpon  ye  maine  land,  unto 
w'ch  his  request  the  Courte  do  willinglie  consent  he  having 
alreadie  seated  and  planted  u])on  the  said  lande. 


(1S5.) 

Capt.  Raphe  Hamor  Counsellor  of  estate  doth  like  desireth 

of  the  Courte  to  have  five  humired  acres  of  land  s^'tuate  one 

the  northe  side  of  Blunt  poynt  river,  about  three  miles  upp  the 

saide  river  &  abuttinge  northe  westerlie  upjjon  A  Creek  deviding 

it  from  the  land  of  John  Baynum(15),  gent.,  &:  thence  extend- 

(15)  The  Muster  of  Mr.  John  Banum  and  Robert  Sweet,  at  Elizabeth 
City,  at  the  Censu-  of  1524-5,  includes  John  Banum  a^ed  51,  who  came  in 
the  Sivan  in  IGIG,  Elizabeth  Banum,  at^n-d  43,  who  came  in  the  Bona  Nova 
in  1G2(),  Robert  Sweet,  aged  4J,  who  came  in  the  Neptune  in  1G18,  and  ^even 
servants. 


T«  TJ. 


b-  !  V  lii.f.f 


it  onfdrrc 


OJ.'Uf  J':;;;!   ;!;•', if   j/  fTo<|qt.f  vh'Jia'iW  !)i:tj;  ,  i/>'ir  ;!..i-i  ftiiu:  Ofli 
^r'rv/.rf    nl   .'tr  '   '  ■■■ 


248  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

inge  Easterlie  two  hundred  and  ffyftie  pole  along  the  baiilce  of 
the  said  Blunt  poynt  river,  sutherly  uppon  the  maine  lande, 
unto  w'ch  his  request  the  Courte  doth  willingly  assent,  provided 
that  the  saide  Capt.  Hamor  doth  seat  &  plant  uppon  the  said 
lande  or  some  parte  of  ye  saide  lande  w'thin  sea\'en  }'eeres  next 
ensuinge  after  the  date  herof . 

Randall  Smallwood  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  ffrarx'is 
Michell(lO)  did  buye  of  Joseph  Charde  two  houses  iind  six 
Acres  of  land  at  Charles  Hundred  for  a  hundred  and  ffyftie 
pound  of  tobacco  and  three  bushells  of  Indyan  Come  w'ch 
Tobacco  and  come  was  to  be  paid  to  the  said  Joseph  Charde 
when  he  did  deliver  ye  writtings  and  the  possessione  of  the  said 
houses  and  lande  to  the  said  ffrancis  IMichell,  And  further  saieth 
That  w'thin  three  or  fower  D'yes  after  The  massacre  happen- 
inge,  and  the  said  Joseph  Charde  being  in  possession  of  the  said 
houses  was  forced  by  the  Emcrgencie  w'th  others  to  cjuitt  ye 
saide  hoiiscs,  by  reason  wheras  shortly  after  it  was  burnt  by  the 
Indyans,  And  the  said  ffrancis  Michell  never  ])ossest  therof 

The  Courte  findinge  by  \\iiness,  and  by  the  bill  itsclfe  yt  the 
said  Tobacco  was  to  be  paid  for  the  said  houses  and  land  wherof 
he  was  never  possest,  do  not  conceave  in  equitie  yt  ffrancis 
Michell  should  t)c  compelled  to  paye  the  said  Dept. 


(18().) 

John  Sutheme  swome  and  examined  sayeth,  That  he  was 
p'fecting  some  Accompts  for  JMr  Rowsley,  (17)  at  w'ch  tyme 
he  was  very  sicke,  And  among  other  writings  Anthony  West 
his  indenture  cam  to  his  hande,  w'ch  Indenture  jMrs  Rowsley 
willed  this  deponent  to  give  her,  sayinge  I  will  laye  it  by,  for  I 
will  give  him  his  Indentures  &  sett  him  free 

(IG)  Francis  Michell  lived  at  Elizaljelh  City  Feb.  1G23,  and  Josuah 
Chard,  at^ed  36,  who  came  in  the  Seaventine,  May  1007,  and  Ann  his  wife, 
aged  33,  who  came  in  the  Bonny  Bess,  Auj^iist  1()23,  were  living  at  the 
Neck  of  Land  in  Charles  City  11)2-1-5. 

(17)  William  and  Eli.''.abeth  Rowsley  and  a  maid  of  theirs  died  at 
James  City  between  Feb.  1022  v.vd  Feb.  1()23.  Anthony  West,  who  came 
in  the  James,  1622,  lived  on  the  Treasurer's  Plantation,  jame^  City,  U)24-5 


a\ 


•.q  '1.1  t 


f  J  .       '    »  'Jl        1     (^       I  A-         ^>ll/.        <     I-.       1    «  |».    i,    I  I    I         >1|   .     U'.J    i> 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  249 

Henry  Menefie  [?],  Marchant,  swome  and  examined  sayeth 
yt  he  was  in  place  at  Mr  Rovvsleys  house  with  Capt.  Sampson 
Mr  Rich.  Bass  when  Mrs  Rowsley  did  sett  Anthony  West  free 
and  deHvered  his  Indentures  to  Capt  Sampson  to  Gary  into 
England  to  his  ffriends 

Uppon  the  Testimonys  above  recorded  the  Courte  doth  order 
that  Anthony  West  shall  have  his  ffrcedom,  and  his  passe  for 
England. 

(To  be  continued)  ' 


c.i-,  r 


It;.         ;  >  .■(  ,. 


Q*^S        .TH'Jo 


250  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


MRGINIA  IN  1678-1679. 

(Abstracts  by  W.  N.  Sainsbcry,  and  copies  in  the  McDonald 
and  De  Jamette  Papers,  Virginia  vState  Library.) 
(Continued) 


Whitehall  Feb.  18,  1678-9. 

Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Several  heads  of  Instructions  for  Lord  Culi)cper  are  read  and 
approved;  such  as  relate  unto  the  Church  being  put  off  'till 
Thursday  next.  To  move  his  Maj.  that  some  men  of  War  be 
appointed  to  cruize  off  the  Channel  to  protect  a  considerable 
fleet  of  homeward  bound  ships  from  the  Algerines.  On  reading 
petition  of  Col.  Augustine  Warner  to  except  Capt.  Bird(l),  one 
of  the  late  rebels  in  Virginia  out  of  the  Act  of  Indemnity  which 
is  preparing,  by  reason  of  jjctitioner  having  obtained  a  judg- 
ment of  £1000  against  him,  it  is  referred  to  the  Attorney  Gen- 
eral. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.  p.  311.) 


Whitehall,  Feb.  24,  1678-9. 

Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Draught  of  an  Act  of  Indemnity  for  Virginia  being  presented 
to  the  Committee  their  Lordships  think  ft  to  refer  it  to  M"" 
Attorney  General.  ■■ 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  103.  p.  314.) 


Feb.  26,  1678-9. 

Lords  of  the  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
to  [the  Attorney  General?]  For  his  report  upon  a  Draught 
of  an  Act  of  Indemnity  for  Virginia  prepared  by  his  Maj.  Order 
in  Council,  whether  it  be  agreeable  to  same  and  in  a  legal  form 
and  desiring  him  to  make  such  alterations  as  he  shall  find  nec- 
essary.    Draft.  ,      ,       '     ,  . 

(Colonial  Papers.) 

^     (T)     WilUam  Byrd  the  first  of  Henrico  Co.  and  of  "Westover." 


.1  :■:'■    ■  ■•.  'J'.'' 


It;-r) 


(.[le  .q  .501   .o'A 


)     A     II' 


(.M£    tj   .W)l    OH  .Jia  X;.     ::    ;  .r     ; 


vip.GiNiA  IN  1G78.        ,,        ..  251 

Feb.    26,    1G78-9. 

Detosition  on  Oath  of  Major  Rcbeut  Bristov/(2)  late 
of  Virginia  but  nov/  of  London,  Merchant :  that  upon  dcUvery 
v\p  of  West's  Point  the  ReL'iels  laid  down  their  arms  and  dis- 
persed themselves— that  Sir  Wmx.  Berkeley  &  his  party  then 
came  ashore  and  went  to  Green  Spring,  and  afterwards  caused 
several  persons  estates  to  be  seized  including  a  parcel  of  to- 
bacco belonging  to  Alexander  Walker  of  Virginia. 

(Colonial  Papers,  1.  p.) 

Whitehall,    Feb.   28,    1678-9. 

Warrant  by  the  King  to  the  Attorney  or  Solicitor 
General  to  j^repare  a  Bill  for  his  Maj.  signature  containing  a 
Grant  of  the  office  of  Secretary  of  Virginia  to  Nicholas  Spencer(3) 
from  the  date  of  the  death  of  Thomas  Ludwell  late  Secretary: 
with  povv'cr  to  execute  the  same  by  De]juty.  > 

(Colonial  Pai:>ers.  1.  p.  see  12  May  1675.)  ,    , 


WhiLchall,  March  4,  1678-9. 

Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Report  prepared  by  order  of  the  Committee  for  the  disptach 
of  Lord  Culpeper  is  read  and  approved,  \Nhereupon  the  Earl  of 
Sunderland  delivers  a  paj^er  containing  an  Instruction  to  Lord 
Culpeper  for  disposal  of  the  Rex'cnue  in  Virginia  a])j>ioveu  by 
his  Majesty  &  to  be  added  to  his  Lordshi[/s  Insmictions. 
Paper  read  from  the  Bishoi^  of  London  concerning  the  Church 
in  Virginia,  Lord  Culijeper  to  confer  with  the  Bishop  and  to 
agree  upon  heads  fit  to  be  inserted  in  his  Instructions.  Petition 
of  Robert  Ayleway  read  touching  his  Patent  of  the  Auditor's 
Place  of  Virginia,  to  be  jjostponed  until  Sec.  Coventry  be  present. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk  No.  105.  pp.  317-318.) 

(2)  Robert  Bristow,  second  son  of  R(jbert  Brislow,  Esg.  of  Ayot  St. 
Lawrence,  Hertfordshire,  was  born  in  1653,  and  settled  in  Virginia  about 
1060.  He  returned  to  England  soon  after  Bacon's  Rebellion  and  at  his 
death  in  1707  was  "of  the  parish  of  St.  Gabriel  Fenchurch,  London,  mer- 
chant." He  owned  large  landed  estates  in  Virginia,  which  were  pos- 
sessed by  his  descendants  (not  residents  in  Virginia)  for  several  genera- 
tions.    See  this  Magazine  XIII,  oD-dJ. 

(3)  Nicholas  Spencer,  2d  son  of  ,\'icholas  Spencer,  Esq.  of  Cople, 
Bedfordshire,  came  to  Virginia  about  1659.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses.  Secretary  of  State,  President  of  the  Council  and 
Acting  Governor.     See  this  Magazine  I,  33,  31. 


I5S 


(,    Vj     .1       vTl^O    }     liifii'  •♦uv.l 


-  • "/ 


(  CTol  vsl/.  I'l  y-/2  .■.,    i 


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»  fnc>.I  "to 


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'.lu!.;  /in )>:!■. I  Huf  ;[i  !.)-jji-ii!ni oij 


(.818-711:   q., 


:» 


252  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Virginia  March  10,  1G78-9 
Mistress  Susan  Jeffreys(4j  to  Secretary  CovExXTRY. 
Her  most  deplorable  condition  caused  by  Col.  Spencer,  Lord 
Culpeper's  attorney,  who  lays  claim  against  her  for  all  per- 
quisites since  her  hu.sband's  arrival,  notwithstanding  the  word- 
ing of  the  King's  letter.  Has  offered  to  give  security,  but  that 
will  not  satisfy  therefore  'tis  plain  they  seek  her  life  in  malice. 
Begs  his  intercession  with  the  King  on  her  behalf. 
'      (Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  pp.  305-300.)  ,       .        ,, 

'    •■  '"   '  "'  Whitehall,  March  14,  1078-9 

Order  of  the  King  in  Council  on  Report  of  Committee 
FOR  Trade  and  Plantations  of  18  February  last  touching 
Lord  Culpeper's  Commission  and  Instructions  as  Governor  of 
Virginia,   recommending  that  his  Maj.   revoke  the  Grants(5) 
to  the  Earls  of  St.  Alban  and  Arlington,  Lord  Culpeper  &  others 
according  to  his  gracious  promise  made  to  the  Country  satisfy- 
ing the  patentees  for  their  interests:  that  the  Quit  rents  be 
applied  to  building  one  considerable  Fort:  that  James  Town 
be  speedily  rebuilt  and  be  the  Metropolis  of  Virginia  as  the  most 
ancient  &  convenient  place:  that  they  cannot  advise  that  dis- 
placed Councillors  should  be  incapable  of  being  chosen  into  the 
Assembly  as  in  Jamaica:  that  all  persons  of  what  degree  or 
quality  soever  be  obliged  to  take  the  Oath  of  Allegiance:  that 
furniture  be  sent  for  200  Dragoons  with  tents  to  enable  the 
Gov  to  mount  foot  soldiers  to  prevent  incursions  from  the 
Indians:  that  after  Lord  Culpeper's  departure  a  mace  &  a 
sword  be  sent  to  Virginia  with  furniture  for  his  L<3rdships' 
chappel  also  that  the  presents  to  the  Indian  Princes  be  forth- 
with delivered  to  his  Lo'p:  that  all  writs  be  issued  in  his  Maj. 
name  only:  that  Sir  Hen.  Chicheley,  Colonels  Nath.  Bacon, 
Wm.   Cole,   Daniel  Parks,   Tho.   Swann,   Robt.   Smith,   Nich. 
Spencer,  Rowland  Place,  Ralph  Wormley,  Augustine  Warner, 
Jos.  Bridger,  Major  Richard  Lee,  Major  General  Custis,  and 
Francis  Leigh  be  continued  in  the  Council :  that  Colonels  Ballard 
Bray  and  Philip  Ludwell,  for  their  unworthy  behaviour  and 

(4)  The  widow  of  Governor  Herbert  Jeffreys. 

(5)  The  grant  for  the  Northern  Neck  of  Virginia.     • 


oj 


ve 


■'  VIRGINIA   IN   1678.  253 

demerits  be  dejirived  of  that  honor  &  trust:  and  that  Col.  Robt. 
BcAX'rley,  Clerk  of  the  Assembly  and  Col.  Edward  Hill,  Presi- 
dent of  Charles  City  Count>"  who  "have  appeared  unto  us 
under  a  character  of  evil  fame  and  behaviour  in  their  respective 
offices,"  be  put  out  of  all  employment  &  not  admitted  to  any 
place  of  tioist  until  his  IMaj.  pleasure  be  further  known:  and 
that  Lord  Culpej^er  be  ordered,  on  his  amval  in  Virginia  to 
signify  his  Maj.  high  resentment  of  ihe  disloyal  and  seditious 
declaration  of  the  Assembly  about  his  Maj.  Commiss"  calling 
for  their  Original  Journals  &c.  and  find  out  the  authors  &  abet- 
tors thereof  that  they  may  receive  the  marks  of  his  Maj.  dis- 
pleasure for  this  their  great  presumption ;  approving  said  Report 
and  that  Lord  Culpeper's  Comn:ission  and  Instructions  be 
prepared  accordingly  and  Henry  Meere  [Meesc]  added  to  the 
List  of  Councillors  for  Virginia.     7  pp. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  SO.  pp.  260-273.)      V    '''  /' 


Whitehall,  March  19,  1678-9 
Order  of  the  King  in  Council  on  Report  of  the  Com- 
mittee FOR  Trade  and  Plantations  of  10  February  last  [see 
abstract!  on  petition  of  Elizabeth  Dudle3^  widow,  approving 
same  and  directing  Governor  Lord  Culpeper,  on  his  arrival  in 
Virginia  to  cause  restitution  to  be  made  to  the  i^etitioner  or 
her  assigns  of  the  fifteen  hogsheads  of  tobacco  or  the  true  value 
thereof. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  pp.  276-S.) 


April  1,  1679 
The  King  to  the  Council  of  Virginia.  His  Majesty  has 
received  the  ill  news  of  the  death  of  Herbert  Jeffreys,  Governor 
of  Virginia  and  has  understood  by  their  letter  to  Sec.  Coventry 
that  they  have  received  Sir  Henry  Chicheley  as  Deputy  Gov- 
ernor according  to  the  King's  Commission  under  privy  seal 
heretofore  given  to  him.  Well  approves  of  this  act  of  oedience. 
Is  resolved  to  send  Thos.  Lord  Culpeper,  Governor,  by  the  first 
ships  and  in  the  mean  time  his  Maj :  requires  that  all  further 
suits  relating  to  the  late  Rebellion  be  superseded  until  his 
arrival. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  p.  304.) 


i,:^ 


(.>J-tiTi'  x]<i  OH  .oVI 


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lot'   .q    08    oVl 


1  .-)■ 


254  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  2.^'.' 

-■:   .^^•.tu^„-,^    ;  ,.    ru    nH.f  .■  Whitehall,  April  2,  1679 

The  King  to  Sir  Henry  Chichelev,  Deputy  Governor 
OF  Virginia.  Apj^roves  of  hi.s  taking  u])on  himself  the  com- 
mand of  the  Colon}'  as  Deputy  Governor  since  the  death  of 
Lieut.  Gov.  Herbert  Jeffreys — Intends  disjmtching  Thos.  Lord 
Culpeper,  Governor,  by  the  next  ships  with  full  instructions 
to  settle  matters  there  and  requires  that  in  the  mean  time  all 
further  suits  relating  to  the  late  Rebellion  there  be  superseded 
till  his  arrival. 

(Colonial  Papers.  L  p.)  see  12  May  1675. 


Whitehall,  April  14,  1679 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Lord  Culpeper 's  Commission  prepared  by  the  Committee  is 
read,  but  being  doubted  whether  the  same  being  only  during 
pleasure  might  not  prejudice  his  Lord'p's  former  grant  of  the 
Government  w^hich  is  during  life,  Ordered  that  M''  Attorney 
General  prepare  such  clauses  and  provisoes  as  may  secure  his 
Lordship's  right.  Ix)rd  Cul])eper's  Instructions  read  and 
approved.  Their  Lordships  taking  notice  of  the  Complaints 
made  in  Virginia  of  the  heaviness  of  taxes  raised  by  poll  order 
an  Instruction  to  be  prepared  that  his  Lordship  recommend  to 
the  Assembly  the  finding  out  a  more  equal  and  easy  way  for 
levying  money — Sec.  Coventry  acquaints  the  Committee  in 
reference  to  Robt.  Ayleway's  petition  that  the  place  of  Auditor 
of  Virginia  had  been  foiTnerly  possessed  by  Col.  Nath.  Bacon 
&  confinned  to  him  under  his  Maj.  Sign  Manual  in  1675  &  that 
Ayleway's  Patent  ought  to  be  void  as  obtained  without  a  know- 
ledge of  the  right  already  vested  in  Bacon. 
(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.  pp.  325-6.) 


'■■  '  Whitehall,  April  16,  1679 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Acts  of  Oblivion,  of  Naturalization,  and  for  raising  a  public 
revenue  in  Virginia  read  and  approved.  Several  Laws  made 
by  Sir  Wm.  Berkeley  on  20  Feb'y  1676-7  to  be  repealed  accord- 
ing to  an  Instmction  given  to  Lord  Culpeper,  viz. — Acts  of 
Free  Pardon,  of  Attainder,  inflicting  Pains,  Penalties  and  Fines 


) 
MtaD 

■    \X 


T  L 


-J, 


• 


) 


.     ,  VIRGINIA   IN   1G78.         '•*    '      •      •  255 

upon  great  offendors,  for  the  relief  of  loyal  persons  who  have 
suffered  loss  by  the  late  Rebels,  limiting  times  of  receipt  and 
payment  of  public  tobaccos,  regulating  Ordinaries  and  the 
prices  of  Liquors,  disposing  Amerciaments  upon  past  actions, 
concerning  servants  who  were  out  in  Rebellion,  &  for  laying  of 
Parish  levies:  as  also  two  Acts  passed  at  Middle  Plantation  10 
Oct.  1677  viz: — for  dehvery  of  stray  horses'  &c.  and  for  signing 
executions  on  judgments. 

Their  Lordships  having  thus  finished  Lord  Culpeper's  Com- 
mission and  Instructions  &  the  Acts  before  mentioned  agree  to 
report  that  same  be  transmitted  to  Sec.  Coventry  to  be  dis- 
patched with  all  speed:  also  that  the  Master  of  the  Ordnance 
take  care  to  change  the  powder  now  in  Virginia.  All  which  is 
ordered  same  day  in  Council  &  the  papers  delivered  to  Sec. 
Coventry  on  20**'  Inst. 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  105.  pp.  327-328.)  '  -'"  •   ''   ".  ' 


Whitehall,  April   16,   1679 
Order  of  the  King  in  Council.     That  Lord  Culpeper's 
Commission  and  Instructions  and  the  Acts  of  Oblivion  and 
Naturalization  be  transmitted  to  Secretary  Coventry  to  be 
dispatched  with  all  convenient  speed. 

(Colonial  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  p.  312.)  ■"'■■^   '  •'•  '  '    "' 

,.     "  '•■'■".■  '  ■■''■'•■■'■■■'■■"    *  ■■  ■' 

May  1,  1679 
Memorandum  of  Receipt  by  Ja:  Kenvin  of  papers  from 

William  Blathwayt  relating  to  the  case  of  the  Widow  Dudley 

of   Virginia,    including   her   petitions   to   the   King,    Sir   Wm. 

Berkele}'    and    the    Commissioners   of   Virginia — together    six 

papers. 

(Colonial  PapcxS.)  :',;■.  a-  .       ..  ■  -■ 


I '-'. 


(.L 


iiVoi  ,r  vr.M 


(.a'iO»;if^ 


250  virginia  historical  magazine. 

•  ■,    Sir  Henry  Chicheley  to  Secretary  Coventry. 

;■  :    .    ■  .  (Copy)  ■     •■  ' ';;  '-    . 

;  Read    in    Council    July    25,    1679.       '       "  '"  •    ' 

,:,    ;,     ,  Virginia,  May  20,   1 079. 

Right  Hon'blc 

The  Inclosed  is  a  Letter  from  the  General  Assembly  of  Vir- 
ginia to  His  most  Sacred  Ma'^',  being  a  compendious  Narrative 
of  this  Countrys  sufferings  and  our  humble  su])plications  for 
such  relief  as  to  His  Ma*'*-'^  wisdom  shall  seem  meet.  Upon 
wliich  I  beg  leave  to  enlarge  in  this  Address  to  your  worthy  Self. 
To  w^hose  promice  the  affairs  of  this  place  do  properly  belong 
and  of  v/hose  Justice  and  favour  to  Our  low  and  calamitous 
condition  myself  and  the  whole  Colony  are  \\el\  assured  by 
many  past  instances.  The  present  Sessions  the  Assembly  re- 
ceived complaints  from  the  Countys  Isle  Wight,  Nanzemond, 
York  and  James  City  in  relation  to  the  quartering  of  His  INla*'''^ 
Soldiers.  The  two  first  named  by  virtue  of  a  Warrant  from  the 
late  Lieuten'  Governor  having  received  command  to  quarter 
and  provide  for  Major  Mutlows  Company  from  the  14"'  July 
1677  till  the  16'^  January  following  for  which  they  are  still  in- 
debted to  the  said  Inhabitants  the  full  and  just  sum  of  two 
hundred  and  forty  nine  pounds  six  shillings  and  three  pence  as 
by  account  under  the  hand  of  John  Tong  Lieutenant  of  that 
Company  dated  the  26"'  January  1677-8  exhibited  by  their 
Burgesses  doth  appear.  The  t\\'o  last  mentioned  have  Yet  had 
no  satisfaction  for  twelve  months  Quarters  and  provisions 
allowed  to  His  Ma""''  Soldiers  now  under  the  Command  of 
Captain  William  Morris  whose  pay  for  no  part  of  that  time  is 
yet  anived.  So  that  His  Ma''"^  subjects  and  Soldiers  of,  and 
in,  this  Country  are  equally  distressed;  To  this  may  be  added 
that  our  late  troubles  and  distractions  with  the  frequent  in- 
cursions of  Indians  for  three  years  last  past  and  recent  murther 
of  our  frontier  people  hath  so  much  impaired  our  Stocks  that 
the  remnant  of  them  will  barely  give  assistance  for  defence  of 
the  Country  and  support  of  our  familys :  I  therefore  humbly  beg 
Your  Honor  that  in  consideration  of  the  vast  charge  the  In- 
habitants of  this  Country  ha\'e  been  and  daily  are  at,  for  pre- 


.av 


Xii  b.  '   Acii: 


». 


yli>l  *'H 


71  ■ 


r 
? 


vrsM   VIRGINIA  IN  1G78.        '*'"'•  257 

servation  of  this  weak  and  depopulated  place  you  would  be 
pleased  to  further  our  humble  motion  to  his  Ma'^  for  release 
of  all  Arrears  of  Quit  Rents  which  having  been  so  long  due  and 
amounting  to  so  vast  a  vSum,  would  otherwise  fall  heavy  upon 
all  and  especially  the  ix)orest,  with  this  addition  that,  for  such 
time  as  may  be  agreeable  to  His  Ma'^'='  Royal  Compassion  the 
Money  growing  due  from  the  same  may  be  appropriated  to  de- 
fray part  of  the  Expence  necessary  for  our  safety.  For  these 
and  all  other  Favours  past  and  future  I  have  nothing  to  offer 
but  constant  gratitude  and  assurance  that  in  what  I  shall  be 
capable  will  ever  be  ready  to  own  the  Honor  I  now  assume  by 
siibscribing 

Right  Hon'ble 

Your  most  [humble]  servant 
'  Hen'y  Chicheley 

To  the  Right  Hon'ble 
AI''  Sec'y  Coventry 
Princi]3al  Sec'''-''* 

of  State.  '  '  '  '   '  ,. 

'      '    A  true  Copy  teste 
'  W.  Davis.  *  ■' 


Sir  Henry  Chicheley  to  the  King. 

(Copy) 

Read  in  Council  July  25,   1679. 

May  it  please  Your  most  Excellent  Ma'^ 

The  late  intestine  divisions  of  this  Your  Ma""^^  Colony  of 
Virginia  together  with  the  Charge  of  a  tedious  War  with  the 
Indians  who  daily  make  Incursions  and  sometimes  murthers 
upon  us  have  reduced  us  to  a  poor  and  distressed  Estate  and 
enforced  us  to  interrupt  Your  Ma''^"  most  mighty  affairs  with 
this  our  humble  supplication  in  behalf  of  Y  M  Soldiers 
and  ourselves.  The  first  of  which  we  have  out  of  the  small 
remnants  of  our  S  xxx  funiisht  with  what  is  necessary  for  a 
twelve  month  past  and  as  in  duty  Ijound  shall  continue  our  care 
towards  them  till  Your  Ma'^  shall  be  pleased  to  commiserate 


•l-.ji  "imO  oui^  A 


>i' 


,UT»J    .cS  yl> 


258  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

both  our  conditions  and  in  regard  of  the  great  losses  we  have  of 
late  sustained  We  hope  that  Your  Royal  Goodness  will  pardon 
us  our  request  for  remission  of  all  Arrears  of  Quit  Rents  due  to 
Your  Sacred  IMa'^  and  for  the  supply  of  the  excessive  charge 
we  must  necessarily  undergo  in  defense  of  our  Frontiers  that 
for  such  time  as  Your  Royal  Wisdom  shall  allow  the  same  be 
to  that  use  a])propriated. 

That  Your  Ma'^  may  be  protected  by  the  King  of  Kings 
from  all  Temix)ral  and  Spiritual  Enemies  and  Rcigne  long  in 
peace  and  prosperity  are  the  incessant  prayers  of 

Your  Ma"''^  most  himible  and  most  obedient  subjects  and 
servants 

Hen:  Chicheley 
Mathcw  Kemp  Speaker 
A  true  Co]}y  teste 

W.  Davis. 


At  the  Court  at  Whitehall  the  25"'  July  1679. 
Upon  reading  this  day  at  the  Board  a  Letter  from  S""  Hen: 
Chicheley  and  the  Speaker  of  the  Assembly  of  Virginia  to  His 
Ma'ty  together  with  a  Letter  from  S""  H.  Chicheley  to  the 
Right  Hon'ble  M'  Sec.  Coventry.  It  is  ordered  that  the  same 
be  referred  unto  the  Right  Hon'ble  the  Lords  of  the  Committee 
for  Trade  and  Plantations  to  take  care  therein. 

John  Nicholas. 
A  true  Copy  teste 
Wm.  Davis. 


At  the   Council  Chamber  at   Whitehall  the    sixth   of 
August  1679 
Present 
Lord  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  Earl  of  Halifax 

Lord  President  Earl  of  Radnor 

Earl  of  Bridgewater  M'  Sec.  Coventry"- 

Earl  of  Essex  M^  Chanc'  of  the  Excheq"" 

M'  Powle 


JT  8cl 


ni 


aJnflviaa 


3J&yj  ■{•.]o.J  -xnj  A 


no   HiXM   HiT  JJ/.H3T     '  '^P  Jiai«iJoC>  aar  tA 


10 


VIRGINIA   IN   1678.  259 

The  Right  Hon'ble  the  I^ords  of  His  Ma^'®"  most  Hon'ble 
Privy  Council  having  penised  a  Letter  from  S''  H.  Coventry 
[Chicheleyl  Lieuten'  Governor  of  Virginia  to  the  Right  Hon'ble 
M''  Sec'y  Coventry  dated  the  20'*"  May  last  as  also  our  Address 
to  His  Ma'ty  from  the  Great  Assembly  of  Virginia  in  behalf 
of  themselves  and  His  Ma'''""  soldiers  for  the  payment  of  the 
Arrears  due  unto  the  Country  and  them  and  for  remission  of  all 
Arrears  of  Quit  Rents  due  unto  His  Ma'ty  as  likewise  for  the 
Appropriation  of  such  as  shall  hereafter  become  due  during 
such  tenn  as  His  Ma'ty  shall  think  fit  for  the  defence  of  the 
Colony  and  their  Lordships  understanding  that  the  Lords 
Commissioners  of  his  Ma""'*  Treasury  had  taken  care  to  provide 
for  their  full  pay  until  the  first  day  of  Jul.  last  exclusively  think 
fit  to  desire  the  Right  Hcm'ble  M'  Sec'y  Coventry  to  prepare  a 
Letter  for  the  Royal  Signature  unto  the  Right  Hon'ble  the  Lord 
Culjjcper  His  M.  Governor  of  Virginia  dircK^ting  His  Lord- 
shi]j  to  acquaint  the  As.sembly  upon  his  arrival  in  Virginia  with 
the  care  His  Ma'ty  had  taken  at  the  instance  of  the  Lord  Cul- 
peper,  before  the  receij^t  of  their  Address  for  payment  of  their 
Arrears  due  unto  the  Soldiers  unto  the  time  above  mentioned 
and  for  the  continuance  of  the  same  for  the  future  without  any 
charge  or  other  trouble  unto  the  Colony  than  only  to  giv^e  crcHilit 
for  their  Quarters  at  two  shillings  per  week  each  until  Money 
for  their  discharge  can  be  from  time  to  time  remitted.  And 
as  for  the  Quit  Rents  that  His  Ma'ty  on  the  Representation  of 
the  Lord  Culpejjcr  hath  also  had  that  matter  long  before  the 
receipt  of  that  Address  under  His  Royal  consideration  and  will 
shortly  give  such  Orders  as  shall  consist  with  His  service  and 
ease  of  the  people. 

And  lastly,  to  acquaint  them  that  he  hath  sent  some  laws  to 
thein  and  given  the  Lord  Culpeper  Instructions  to  signify  His 
further  pleasure  and  Command  to  them,  to  which  he  expects 
a  cheerful  and  ready  com])liance  assuring  them  on  all  occasions 
of  his  particular  care  and  Kindness  for  that  His  Ma""^  Colony. 
And  whereas  it  is  convenient  for  His  Ma'"'^  sen'ice  that  the 
Lord  Culpepers  Additional  Ct)mmission  dated  the 


oas 


UV-, 


\ifjii  u'ji'.Txi  f.iti    litrv/   Jdi-.i/'.>j  iir.;7t-.  ^,  f- 


oj  ;-v/kI  ;>ffwtf!  1rJ3^  dJ/rf  riii   ti;;ii  fifiiil  If 

n  t 

,1 


260  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE, 

be  not  published  until  some  time  after  His  Lordships  arrival  the 
Right  Hon'ble  M""  Sec'y  Coventry  is  likewise  desired  to  prepare 
an  Instruction  to  the  L^  Culpeper  whereby  his  Lordship  may 
be  directed  to  forbear  the  publication  of  the  said  Additional 
Commission  for  the  space  of  six  Months  after  his  arrival  in  Vir- 
ginia if  his  Lorship  shall  so  think  fit. 

A  true  Cojjy  teste 

W.  Davis. 

(To  be  Continued) 


IV 


0<*«' 


od  oTi 


2t>2 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  261 

VIRGINIA  GLEANING  IN  ENGLAND. 

t.  .       •  i  >  ■ 


Thomas  Atkins  of  Chard,  county  Somerset,  being  aged  but 
of  good  and  perfect  memory.  Will  10  August  1641;  proved  20 
July  1653.  I  give  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  churchyard  of 
Chard  according  to  the  discretion  of  my  friends.  All  such  im- 
plements and  household  stuff  as  my  wife  Elizabeth  had  before 
I  married  her,  I  wholly  bequeath  and  redeliver  to  her  again. 
Out  of  my  own  proper  goods  I  bequeath  unto  Anna  Sell  wood, 
my  daughter,  my  bedstead  now  standing  in  the  parlour,  with 
the  truckle  bedstead  under  him.  To  Mathew  Sellwood,  my 
grandchild  and  godson,  my  small  square  table  board  standing 
in  the  hall.  To  Sarah  Sellwood,  my  grandchild,  my  small 
chest.  All  the  rest  of  my  own  proper  goods  I  bequeath  to 
Thomas  Sellwood  and  Abraham  Sellwood,  whom  I  ordain  my 
executors,  provided  that  all  the  goods  and  chattels  that  were 
bequeathed  to  me  by  Elizabeth  Atkins,  my  aunt  deceased,  shall 
remain  to  the  use  of  my  wife,  to  use  with  her  ov^ti,  as  formerly 
she  hath  done,  without  any  voluntary  spoil  thereof,  for  such 
time  as  she  doth  remain  my  widow.  I  do  appoint  to  be  my 
overseers  in  trust  for  the  benefit  of  my  executors,  my  brother 
William  Atkins  and  my  cousin  William  Atkins  the  younger, 
desiring  them  of  their  loves,  as  much  as  in  them  lies,  that  this 
my  will  may  be  performed  according  to  my  true  intent  and 
meaning.  Per  me  Thomas  Atkins.  Witnesses:  John  Boyle, 
Amfusten  Walker.  Proved  by  Thomas  Sellwood  one  of  the 
executors  named,  with  power  reserved  to  grant  a  like  com- 
mission to  the  abovesaid  Abraham  Sellwood     Brent,  166.      ,,  ; 

John  Atkins,  of  Chard,  Somerset,  merchant,  died  in  1636.  His  will, 
published  in  this  Magazine  XI,  150,  shows  that  he  had  a  grandson,  John 
Atkins,  then  living  in  Virginia.  The  will  also  names  a  brother  Thomas 
Atkins,  probably  the  testator  above.] 


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i<  ■■>tii,  •  :);.() 


262  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

William  Bedell,  of  greate  Catworth  in  the  Countie of  Hunt., 
Gent.,  Dated  27  May  1612.     Proved  6  July  1012.     My  bodie 
to  bee  buried  in  the  Chauncell  of  great  Catworth  aforesaid  And 
as  conceminge  the  disposition  of  my  landes,  Tenements,  and 
Hereditaments.     I    doe   devise   as   followeth:  All    the    Ferme 
called  the  Brooke  end  Ferme  in  Catsworth  with  all  landes, 
Tenemts,  and  hereditamts.  thereunto  belonging,  nowe  in  the 
tenure  of  Silvester  Bedell  my  sonne,  and  all  those  twoe  Cottages 
in  the  tenure  of  Michaell  Smith  and  Edward  Kinge,  to  my  sonne 
George  Bedell.     To  hold  the  same  during  the  life  of  Ehzabeth 
my  wyfe  And  after  her  decease  the  same  to  Henry  Bedell  my 
sonne  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his  body,  and  for  want  of  such 
issue  to  George  Bedell  my  sonne  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his 
body,  and  for  want  of  such  yssue  to  Francis  Bedell  my  sonne 
and  the  heires  males  of  his  body,  and  for  want  of  such  yssue  to 
Silvester  Bedell,  my  eldest  sonne  and  the  heires  males  of  his 
body,  and  for  want  of  such  yssue  to  the  right  heires  of  mee  the 
said  William  Bedell  for  ever.     All  the  residue  of  my  messuages, 
houses,  landes,  and  Hereditaments,  in  the  Towne  parish  and 
Feildes  of  great  Catworth  aforesd.  in  the  Counties  of  Hunt, 
and  Northampton  to  my  wife  Elizabeth  during  her  l^de  and 
after  her  decease  the  same  to  my  said  sonne  Geoige  Bedell  and 
to  the  heires  males  of  his  body.     And  for  default  of  such  yssue 
then  to  Henry  Bedell  my  sonne,  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his 
body  And  for  default  of  such  yssue  then  to  Francis  Bedell  my 
sonne  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his  body.     And  for  default  of 
such  yssue  then  to  Silvester  Bedell  my  sonne  and  to  the  heires 
males  of  his  body.     And  for  default  of  such  yssue  to  the  right 
heires  of  mee  forever.     All  that  my  wood  and  woodgrounds  in 
the  parish  of  Ellington  and  my  meadowe  and  meadowe  grounde 
in  Waybridge  meadowe  in  the  parish  of  Awconburyc  and  my 
Closes  in  the  parish  of  Brington  in  the  Countie  of  Hunt,  to  my 
said  wife  Elizabeth  during  her  lyfe,  and  after  her  decease  to  my 
said  Sonne  George  Bedell  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his  body. 
And  for  want  of  such  yssue  to  Henry  Bedell  my  sonne  and  to  the 
heires  males  of  his  body.     And  for  want  of  such  yssue  to  Francis 
BedeU  my  sonne  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his  body.     And  for 
want  of  such  yssue  then  to  Silvester  Bedell  my  sonne  and  to  the 


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'^.'  i   ■'  :  ;  -  > 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  263 

heires  males  of  his  body.  And  for  default  of  such  yssue  then  to 
the  use  of  the  right  heires  of  nriee  for  ever.  Also  to  my  said  wife 
Elizabeth,  my  two  Cottages  with  the  landes  thereunto  belonging 
in  Bythome  in  the  said  County  of  Hunt,  during  her  lyfe,  and 
after  her  decease  to  my  grandchild  Willm  Bedell  sonne  of  my 
said  Sonne  Sylvester  Bedell  and  to  the  heires  males  of  his  body. 

And  whereas  I  have  reserved  certain  pastures  and  inclosed 
groundes  called  IVIoldesworth  olde  als  Moldesworth  wolde  in 
Moldesworth  in  the  County  of  Hunt,  for  the  terme  of  my  lyfe 
and  twelve  yeares  after  my  decease,  as  appeareth  in  the  con- 
veyance betweene  my  brother  in  lawe  Mr  James  Pickering  and 
me,  my  will  is  that  all  my  stocke  of  Cattell  going  upon  the  said 
groundes  shalbe  sould  towards  the  jjayment  of  my  debts.  And 
that  the  groundes  and  Closes  shalbe  given  to  Elizabeth  my  wife. 

To  my  daughters  Dorothy  and  Jane  Bedell,  one  hundred 
poundes  a  peece.  I  will  that  all  my  Writings  conceminge  my 
landes  in  Kymbolton  shalbe  kept  by  my  wife  unto  the  use  of 

my  Executors And  my  said  landes,  Tenements,  and 

Hereditaments,  in  the  towne  and  parish  of  Kymbolton,  afore- 
said, in  the  County  of  Hunt,  to  my  Executors  and  their  heires 
to  be  sold  by  them  for  the  payinge  of  my  debtes,  (except  that 
Messuage  wherein  widdow  Carter  now  dwelleth,  which  I  give 
to  said  Sonne  Francis  Bedell  and  to  his  heires  for  ever  upon 
Condicon  that  hee  paye  the  some  of  one  hundred  poundes 
towardes  the  pa>4nge  of  my  debtes).  And  to  my  said  wife 
Elizabeth  that  Tenement  in  Moldesworth  olde  wherein-Petiver 
nowe  dwelleth  and  the  Close  there  called  Petivers  Yarde  con- 
taining by  estimacon  eight  acres  and  also  that  other  Close  there 
called  Horse  Close  containing  by  estimacon  xxiiij  acres. 

To  my  Cosen  Bate  and  his  wyfe,  Tenn  shillings  apeece. 

To  such  Children  as  my  sonne  in  lawe  Mr  Henry  Godfrey 
hath  by  my  daughter  Ann,  deceased,  twenty  marks,  to  be  equally 
de\'ided  amongst  them.  And  to  my  said  sonne  in  lawe  Henry 
Godfrey  his  wife  that  nowe  is,  tenne  shillings.  And  to  their 
lytle  sonne  Henry  Godfrey  tenn  shillings. 

To  my  daughter  Bedell,  the  wife  of  my  sonne  Silvester 
Bedell,  Tenn  shillings.     "And  to  my  grandchild  Willm  Bedell, 


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264  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

twentie  shillings  and  to  the  rest  of  their  Children,  tenne  shill- 
ings apeece." 

To  my  daughter  Elizabeth  Robinson  twentie  shillings. 

To  my  Sonne  in  lawe  Richard  Dixey  and  Bridgeli  his  w>^e, 
my  daughter  Twenty  shillings  apeece,  and  to  every  one  of  their 
Children,  tenne  shillings  apeece. 

To  my  twoe  sonnes  Gabriell  Bedell  and  John  Bedell,  Five 
poundes  a  peece. 

"To  Sr  Thomas  Bedell  xxvs.  and  to  my  Nephew  Capell 
Bedell  his  sonne,  tenne  shillings.  And  to  every  of  the  Children 
of  my  brother  Sr  John  Bedell  tenn  shillings  a  peece  other  then 
to  the  said  Sr  Thomas  Bedell." 

My  will  is  that  George  Bedell  my  sonne  shall  remaine  with 
m)'  wyfe  and  have  his  meate  and  drinlce  and  lodgeinge  free, 
"to  the  end  hee  may  loke  to  her  husbandry  and  bee  a  good 
husband  for  her  profitt."  I  have  in  m}^  yron  Chest  in  great 
Cattworth  thirty  poundes  and  also  a  gold  ringe  having  my  seale 
of  Amies  u]jpon  it,  which  was  my  fathers.  I  give  thereof  to  my 
said  wife  one  peece  of  gold  beinge  a  "portigne,"  to  my  said  sonne 
Silvester  one  other  "jiortagne".  and  also  the  said  gold  ringe. 

To  my  sonne  Petitt  and  my  daughter  Petitt,  twenty  shillings 
apeece,  And  to  every  of  the  Children  of  my  said  daughter  Petitt, 
tenne  shillings  a  peece.  And  to  every  of  the  Children  of  my 
said  daughter  Pettitt  tenne  shillings  a  peece. 

To  my  sonne  Hawes  and  Mary  my  daughter  his  wife,  twenty 
shillings  apeece,  and  to  my  other  Children  George,  Henry, 
Dorothy  and  Jane,  twent}'  shillings  apeece. 

To  my  Cosen  Mr  Gabriell  Clarke,  tenn  shillings.  To  Mr 
Mosley  and  his  w}^e.  Five  shillings  a  peece.  To  the  Towne  of 
Hamton  for  the  use  of  the  poore.  Five  poundes.  And  to  the 
towne  of  greate  Catworth  other  Five  poundes  to  the  use  of  the 
poore.  And  to  the  towne  of  Moldesworth  other  Five  j^oundes 
to  the  use  of  the  i)oore.  To  the  townes  of  Brington,  Laighton, 
Stowe,  Tilbroke,  lytle  Catworth  and  Covington  to  the  uses  of 
the  poore.  Five  shillings  apec^ce  to  every  of  the  said  townes.  To 
my  godchildren  xijd  a  peece  (other  then  to  Willm  Mosley)  my 
godsonne  to  whom  I  give  Twenty  shillings.  To  ever_\'  of  my 
servants,   Five  shillings  ajjeece.     To  the  poore  of  great  Cat- 


9^ 


',!■■»• 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  265 

worth,  Twenty  shillings  to  be  distributed  amongst  them  on  the 
daye  of  my  buriall. 

Executors,  my  said  wife  Elizabeth  Bedell  and  my  sonnes  George 
Bedell  and  Francis  Bedell. 

Overseers.     Sr  John  Bedell,  my  brother,  and  my  brother  in 
la  we,  Mr  Thomas  Wightman  and  my  said  sonne  in  la  we  Mr 
Henry  Godfrey. 
Residuary  Legatees,  my  said  Executors.  .     .       , 

Thomas  Whitman,  Thomas  Emery,  Gabriell  Clarke,  Brude- 

nell  Mosley:  Witnesses. 

Proved  6  July  1612  by  the  Executors  named.     64  Fenner. 

[Dorothy,  daughter  (;f  William  Bedell,  the  testator,  who,  in  the  Hunt- 
tingtonshire  Visitation  of  1013,  is  styled  "of  Moldsworth,"  married  first, 
Edward  Burwell,  of  Harlington,  Bedfordshire  (and  was  mother  of  Lewis 
Burwell,  emigrant  to  Virginia)  and  secondly  Roger  Wingate,  Esq.  of 
Bedfordshire,  who  was  Treasurer  of  Virginia  1639-1641.  The  sons 
Gabriel  and  John  were  probably  in  Virginia.  Gabriel  and  John  Beadle 
(a  frequently  used  spelling  of  Bedell)  came  m  the  Secf)nd  Supply  in  1608, 
and  Captain  Smith,  who  soon  afterwards  took  Gabriel  on  an  expedition, 
called  him  "a  gallant"  and  "a  proper  gentleman."  John  and  (iabriel 
Bedell  were  members  of  the  Virginia  Company.  Sr  John  Bedell 
whose  will  follows,  was  brother  of  William  Bedell,  above,  antl  Sir  John 
was  a  son  of  Sir  John.  See  also  Keith's  Ancestry  of  Benjamin  Harrison, 
pp.  34,  35.] 

Sr  John  Bedell  of  Hamerton  in  the  Countie  of  Hunt, 
knight.  Dated  25  Feb.  1612-13.  Proved  23  Apr.  1613.  To 
my  sonne  Henr}'  Bedell,  All  those  my  Messuages,  Fermes, 
Cottages,  Closes,  landes.  Tenements  medowes  and  heredita- 
ments in  Steple  Giddinge  in  the  Countie  of  Hunt,  to  the  said 
Henry  Bedell  and  to  his  heires  for  ever.  And  upon  Condicon 
that  he  shall  not  Convaie  the  same  to  any  person  or  persons, 
one  Annuytie  of  Twentie  poundes  to  be  taken  out  of  my  Mannor 
of  Wolley  wth  thapptirtenances  in  the  Countie  of  Htmt. 

To  John  Bedell,  my  sonne.  All  that  my  Mannor  of  Wolley, 
and  all  my  messuages,  Fermes,  Cottages,  laandes,  tenements, 
and  hereditaments  in  Wolley  aforesaid.  And  all  my  meadowes, 
landes.  Tenements,  and  hereditaments  in  Anconburie  in  the 
said  Countie  of  Htmt,  And  the  Donation,  free  disfKJsicon  and 
right  of  pronage  of  the  Rectorie,  pi.she  Churche,  and  psonage 


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A   ni    -i.'.T';/ 


206  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  Wolley.  And  the  donation  of  the  Rectorie,  parish  Church, 
and  parsonage  of  Thuming  in  the  said  Countie  of  Hunt.  The 
said  Annuytie  of  Twentie  poundes  given  to  my  said  sonne  Henry 
out  of  the  Mannor.  of  Wolley  accepted.  To  the  said  John 
Bedell  and  to  his  heires  for  ever. 

And  whereas  I  have  jjurchased  of  my  sonne  Sr  Thomas 
Bedell  certen  landes  in  Cottesbroke  conteyninge  f3^ftene  acres 
more  or  lesse.  In  Condicon  my  said  sonne  be  pleased  to  accept 
the  same  in  satisfaccon  of  his  porcon  of  my  goods  I  doe  give 
unto  him  all  the  said  fiftene  acres,  to  hold  to  him  and  his  heires 
for  ever.  To  Capell  Bedell,  sonne  of  my  said  sonne  Sr  Thomas 
Bedell,  my  Bason  and  Ewer  of  Silver 

To  my  daughter  Francis  Bedell,  the  some  of  foure  hundred 
poundes,  and  all  my  howsehold  stuffe  in  my  house  in  Hamerlon 
aforesaid.  And  whereas  there  is  Due  to  me  by  my  sonne  in  lawe 
Mr  George  Catesbie  upon  a  statute  the  some  of  Threescore 
poundes.  I  doe  forgive  the  said  Debt,  and  will  that  my  Eexec- 
utor  vshall  deliver  unto  him  the  said  statute  to  be  cancelled. 
And  upon  Condicon  that  my  saide  sonne  Catesbie  doe  not  molest 
or  troble  my  Executor  I  doe  give  unto  everie  of  the  Children  of 
my  said  sonne  and  daughter  Catesbie  nowe  livinge  wch  shall 
accomjjlish  the  age  of  one  and  Twentie  yeres.  Twentie  poundes 
a  peece,  to  be  paid  unto  them  as  they  accomplish  their  severall 
ages  of  one  and  Twentie  y cares. 

To  every  of  the  Children  of  my  sonne  in  lawe  Sr  Seymor 
Knightley  and  my  Daughter  Dorothie  his  wife  nowe  livinge 
wch  shall  accomplish  the  age  of  one  and  twentie  yeares,  Twentie 
poundes  a  peece  to  be  paide  unto  them  severall  when  they  shall 
accomplish  the  ages  of  one  and  Twentie  yeares. 

Towardes  the  repaire  of  the  Church  of  Hamerton,  Five 
poundes,  To  the  poore  people  in  Hamerton,  aforesaid,  fourtie 
shillings.  To  the  poore  people  of  Buckworth,  Laighton,  Old- 
weston,  Steple  Gidding  and  Coppingford,  To  each  Townshipp, 
Twentie  shillings  a  peece,  to  be  distributed  wth  the  adivce  of 
my  *"Tennt  (sic),  *[Tenant?]  Phillipp  Hustwhatt  of  Wolley 
aforesaid. 

To  every  one  of  my  yeoman  servants,  that  have  dwelt  with 
me  two  yeares,  Fortie  shillings  a  peece  And  to  everie  one  of  my 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  267 

maide  servants  wch  have  dwelt  with  me  one  yeare.     Five  shill- 
ings a  peece. 

Residuary  Legatee  and  vSole  Executor,  my  said  sonne  John 
Bedell.     Supervisor,  my  said  sonne  Henrie  Bedell. 
RO:  STEVENS     )     Witness. 

Proved  23  April  1613  by  the  Sole  Executor  named.     28  Capell. 

Sir   Thomas   Bedell,   Knighte,    *of    Hammerton,    Hunts. 
Dated  5  Jul>   1613.     Administration  21  July  1613. 
*Pro  Act  Book. 

To  be  interred  in  Hammerton  in  the  Countie  of  Huntingdon 
in  the  churche  there  at  the  feete  of  my  Fathers  Interment. 

I  commend  the  Tuition  and  guardianshipp  of  my  sonne 
Capell  Bedell,  during  his  minority  to  Sir  Arthur  Capell,  Knighte, 
his  grandfather.  I  will  that  all  the  debtes  which  I  owe  be  dulye 
payed;  to  Mr  Woodrooffe  at  the  Golden  Bell  in  Cheapeside, 
twelve  poundes. 

To  my  brother  Henrye  Beadle,  threescore  poundes.  "To 
my  brother  John  Bedell,  the  debts  (sic)  touching  which  I  re- 
ferre  my  selfe  to  my  specialties  sealed  to  hym."  I  have  in  the 
handes  of  my  cosin  William  Smithe  a  bond  for  the  satisfying 
of  twoe  thousand  poundes  with  the  Interest  which  is  due  to  me 
from  the  Compan3^e  of  the  Adventurers  to  East  India. 

All  my  goods  Cattells,  moveable  and  unmoveable  reall  or 
personall  of  what  nature  soever,  to  my  said  sonne  Capell  Bedell. 
And  for  the  ymploying  and  disposing  of  all  my  sayed  goods  to 
the  best  benefitt  of  my  sayd  sonne  during  his  minority,  I  doe 
appointe  Sir  Arthur  Capell  to  take  the  Chardge.  Out  of  which 
sayd  goods  I  doe  except  suche  parte  as  I  shall  hereafter  dispose 
of  vizt : 

To  my  Cozen  Silvester  Bedell,  one  guilt  bowle  with  a  Cover. 
To  my  brother  Harry  Bedell,  one  hundred  poundes.  To  my 
brother  John  Bedell,  twoe  hundred  poundes  and  twoe  gueld- 
inges  which  I  nowe  have  in  the  Citie  of  London.  To  my  Sister 
Bridget  Catesbye,  one  hundred  i_)Ounds.  To  my  Sister  Dame 
Dorothie  Knighteley,  one  hundred  poundes.  To  my  Sister 
Francis  Bedell,  one  hundred  poundes.  To  Sr  Arthur  Capell 
Knighte,  one  Bason  and  an  Ewer  of  Silver,  twoe  Salts  of  Silver, 


Tdfi 


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268  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZHSTE. 

three  Silver  Bolles,  twelve  silver  spoones,  and  One  hundred 
poundes.  To  my  Cosin  Mr  Henry  Smithe,  Doctor  of  phisicke, 
Twelve  peeces  of  gould  of  twentie  and  twoe  shillings  the  peece. 
To  Mr  John  Bignett,  Minister  at  Hamerton,  f>^e  poundes.  To 
John  Baker,  tenne  poundes.  To  Thomas  Else,  my  servant, 
tenne  poundes.  To  my  servant  John  Hill,  fower  poundes.  To 
John  Tall,  of  Woolley  in  Huntingdonshire,  a  Sorrell  nagg  which 
I  have  at  Hammerton.  To  Moncke  and  Woodall,  my  twoe 
Sheppards  at  Hammerton,  fyve  poundes  a  peece.  To  my  ser- 
vant Richard  Allen,  fortie  shillings.  To  my  servant,  Thomas 
Brilston,  fyve  poundes,  whome  I  doe  entreate  Sr  Arthur  CapeJI 
to  receyve  into  his  service.  To  John  Frier,  my  servant,  fortye 
shillings.  To  my  servant,  Thomas  Pitman,  fower  poundes. 
To  my  servant,  Solomon  Johnson,  tenne  poundes.  To  every 
of  Sr  Arthur  Capells  Children  a  peece  of  gould  of  twoe  and 
twentie  shillings.  To  my  brother  in  lawe  Mr  Arthur  Capell, 
a  blacke  Cloathe  cloake  lyned  with  plush.  To  the  poore  In- 
habitants of  Hammerton,  fyve  poundes.  And  to  the  poore 
Inhabitants  uppon  my  parte  of  the  Land  in  Cottesbrooke,  tenne 
poundes.  To  the  Reparacon  and  use  of  the  Parish  Churche 
of  Hammerton,  fyve  poundes.  To  the  Reparacon  of  the  parishe 
churche  of  Cottesbroke,  fyve  pound  To  the  children  of 
both  my  Sisters  the  Ladye  Knighteley  and  my  Sister  Catesbye. 
to  every  of  them  a  peece  of  gould  of  twoe  and  twentie  shillings. 
To  Sr  Francis  Canlton  [Caulton],  Knighte,  fyve  poundes. 

Sole  Executor,  my  said  sonne  Capell  Bedell. 

Thomas  Cannon,  Henry  Smithe,  Maurice  Canon,  Solomon 
Johnson,  Johane  Bayhe,  Witnesses. 

21  July  1613.  Administration  of  the  goods  etc.  of  the  late 
Sr  Thomas  Bedell  Knight,  granted  to  Sr  Arthur  Capell,  Knight, 
during  the  minority  of  Capell  Bedell  the  Exor  named.  87 
Capell. 

John  Belfield  of  Paignton  in  the  Countie  of  Devon,  gent. 
Dated  24  Feb.  14  Jas.     Proved  4  July  1617. 

My  bodie  to  be  buried  in  the  Church  of  Paington. 

To  the  poore  of  the  parish  of  Paington,  the  some  of  fower 
poundes,  to  bee  disposed  by  the  discreacon  of  David  Davies, 
vicker  of  Paington  and  Allen  Belfeilde  my  .sonne. 


.avusAriAH 


o . 


I 
i 

i 

{ 

vy  oi 


^t  -  '        ff  .     'i,  1       ■,",;     ;;^iM  ,   , 


<1  1o  y 


onno«  \m  -n! 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  269 

To  Allen  Belfcild,  my  sonne  and  Amies  Bickford,  daughter  of 
Gregory-  Bickford  of  Rattery  whome  the  said  Allen  intendeth 
to  take  to  wife,  all  those  cloases  of  land  called  or  knowne  by  the 
name  of  the  North  Kill  parke.  And  alsoe  one  other  Cloase  of 
land  called  the  plaine  Close  before  Huckwill  "Yeat"  [?Yeat: 
that]  with  all  and  singuler  thappurtenaunces  "which  before  this 
tyme  unto  the  said  two  Closes  of  land  were  allotted  and  laid 
out  and  were  parcell  of  Goodrington  parke"  all  wch  premisses 
doc  cuntaine  *[yt:  it]  by  estimacon  threescore  and  six  acres  of 
land  be  *yt  more  or  lesse  and  are  seituate  within  the  parish  of 
Paington  aforesaid,  to  have  and  to  hold  unto  the  said  Allen 
Belfcild  and  Ames  Bickford  and  their  assignes  duringe  the  lives 
of  John  Belfcild  the  younger,  Richard  Belfcild  and  Suzan  Bel- 
fcild Children  of  the  said  John  Belfeild  thelder  and  every  of  them 
longest  livinge  the  said  Allen  Belfeild  and  Ames  Bickford  paye- 
inge  therefore  all  such  Rentes  and  agreementes  as  the  said  John 
Belfeild  and  his  assignes  or  any  of  them  are  bounde  to  pay  and 
performe  for  the  same  during  the  said  term. 

I  will  that  my  sonne  Allen  Belfeild  shall  demise  and  lease  unto 
Jolm  Belfeild  the  younger,  my  sonne,  "Flatchers  bargaine"  and 
"Fosses  Browne  Parkes,"  for  tcrme  of  two  lives  in  revercon  of 
the  lives  alreadie  in  possession  by  deed  suilficiente  in  the  lawe 
of  which  twoe  lives  the  said  John  to  be  one.  My  sonne  Allen 
shall  lykewise  lease  unto  Richard  Belfield,  my  sonne,  two  lives 
in  one  Tenemente  called  Brownswill  otherwise  Browneswill 
lying  in  Holberton.in  revertion  of  the  state  alreadie  in  the  same 
graunted  by  deede  sufhciente  in  the  lawe  of  which  two  lives  the 
said  Richard  to  be  one. 

To  Catherin,  my  daughter,  the  some  of  five  poundes. 

To  Margaret  Belfeild,  my  daughter,  one  hundred  poundes. 

To  my  daughter  Joane  Belfcild,  the  some  of  one  hundred 
poundes  to  be  paide  to  each  of  them  at  their  marriage  dales. 

To  each  of  the  Children  of  my  daughters,  vizt.  Marie,  Cath- 
erine, and  Cicellie,  fower  Ewes  and  foure  lambes. 

To  my  daughter  Suzan,  her  childe,  yf  she  be  with  child,  fower 
Ewes  and  fower  lambes. 

Residuary  Legatee  and  Sole  Executrix,  Margarett  my  wife. 


270  I  ; •  1     VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Davide  Davies  "Vicario  de  Paington,"  Edward  Sweatland 
and  Allen  Belfeild,  Jacob  Emott,  Witnesses. 

Proved  4  July  1617  by  the  Sole  Executrix  named.     74  Weldon. 

[In  a  note  to  Worthy's  Devonshire  Wills,  there  is  reference  to  a  Toljy 
Belfield,  clothier,  who  was  a  witness  to  the  will  of  Wm  Adam  of  Paignton, 
16SS.  Worthy  states  that  subsequently  the  Belfields  acquired  property 
at  Paignton,  known  as  "Primley"  by  marriage  with  Finney  and  the 
manor  of  Leworth  in  the  parish  of  Hcatheringtun.  In  Paignton  Church 
is  a  memorial  inscription  to  Allan  Belfield,  1800.  The  latter  endowed  a 
school  at  Paignton  with  the  sum  of  £1000.  John  Finney  Belfield,  son 
of  Rev.  Finney  Belfield,  succeeded  to  Primley  and  other  piroperty  at 
Paignton  in  1858.  The  will  proved  here  gives  much  earlier  information 
in  regard  to  the  family.  The  index  to  Devonshire  wills,  administrations 
and  estate  accounts  in  the  Consistory  Court  of  the  Bishop  of  Exeter  (Har- 
lein  Society,  Vol.  II)  contains  references  to  the  following:  Alane  Belfield, 
of  Mauldon,  1548;  Allan  Belfield,  Paignton,  1715;  Allen  Belfield  (reference 
top.  23.  but  not  there);  Elizabeth  Belfield,  Paignton,  1G40;  John  Belfield, 
Paignton,  1507;  Margaret  Belfield,  Paignton,  1G39;  Richard  Belfield, 
Paignton,  1589;  Richard  Belfield,  Paignton,  1604;  Thomas  Belfield, 
Chardleigh,  1669;  Tobias  Belfield,  Paignton,  1707;  Tobias  Belfield,  Paign- 
ton, 1748;  Tobye  Belfield,  Paignton,  1020;  William  Belfield,  Paignton, 
1593,  and  William  Belfield,  Paignton,  1060.  The  will  of  Thomas  Belffylde 
or  Belfield,  Paignton,  1573  is  also  noted.  Dr.  Joseph  Belfield  emigrated 
from  England  and  settled  in  Richmond  County,  Va.,  prior  to  1707.  His 
grandson  John  Belfield,  born  1725,  left  a  short  account  of  the  family  in 
which  he  stated  that  Dr.  Joseph  Belfield  was  son  of  John  Belfield  of 
England.  This  John  Belfield  would  have  been  born  about  1035.  Dr. 
Belfield  was  the  ancestor  of  a  well-known  Virginia  family.  It  would 
seem  from  the  information  here  given  that  any  one  especially  interested 
might  with  the  aid  of  a  competent  English  genealogist,  probably  trace 
the  ancestry  of  the  emigrant.] 


TITHABLES    OF    PITTSYLVANIA    COUNTY,    1767 


271 


TITHABLES  OF  PITTSYLVANIA  COUNTY,   1767. 

(Contributed  by  Mrs.  N.  E.  Clement,  Chatham,  Va.) 
(Concluded  from  p.  192.) 

Tithes     Land 


Swinheld  Hill __ _ 

Austin  Shot 

Thomas  Shoat 

John  Vanbibber _ 

Henson  McDonal ...._ 

Francis  McGuier 

John  McGuier.... 

Thomas  Carter 

John  McGuier  Jr 

Merry  McGuier 

Paul  Henson 

John  Henson 

William  Henson. 

James  Standeford 

William  Murphy 

Miller  Dogget 

Richard  Hough 

Joshua  Barton 

David  Barton 

Isaac  Barton 

William  Ferguson 

Thomas  Miller  &  William  Sumers 

Francis  Bird 

Andrew  Ferguson 

Joseph  Rentfro. _ 

Robert  Jones,  Thomas  Jones  &  Henry  Jones .... 
John  Jones 


150 


400 


113 


107 


240 

280 
520 
400 


ITS 


oei 


oa^ 


liiAi 


SH 


// 


TOI 


01-: 


H' 


.'7 


CX>f 


2'jno^   nnoH  J6  ao«o|,  e«i! 


272 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Robert  Jones  Jr..... 

Philip  Smith 

William  Cook 

John  Fushon... 

James  Rentfro  jr 

James  Rentfro  Sen,  Joseph  Rentfro  &  Peter 

Rentfro 3 

Veath  Dilingham  &  negro  Jeany 2 

Peter  Vanbibber,  jr _ 1 

Isaac  Vanbibber... 1 

Mack  Foster  Sen _. 1 

Richard  Pearis's  tithes  are,    William    Lowry, 

negroes:    Jack,    Harry,    Jeany,    Hannah    tS: 

Silviah. 6 

Anthony  Li  tie 

Christopher  Lackenair.... 

John  Meadly 

John  Dilingham _ 

James  Lamb 

William  Webb 

John  Ramsey 

Joshua  Weaver  &  Isaac  Weaver 

Holden  McGee 

Edward  Richards. 

William  Dilingham  &  Joshua  Dilingham 

Amos  Richardson  Sz  negro  Moll 

Benj.  Jenl<:ins 

Robert  Tormet 

John  Hall : 

Francis  Farley.. 

Wm.  Heard,  George  Heard  &  Wm.  Beans 

Thomas  Bird 

Richard  Shoat 

Jeremiah  Muray 

John  Stevenson. 

John  Callaway,  negroes  Flemen,  Asher,  Nan 

&  Nell 5 

Abraham  Motley  &  negro  Peter._ 2 


220 

150 
GIO 
225 


600 
100 
200 


170 
200 

230 


140 

93 

150 

300 

200 

400 


526 


500 


t'    'A  'liirn'Si 


i6 


TJt 


xn&ol    ,sj 


T3Vlil-7/  .-JXUi&I  ^^i 


.^nj/>H   invY  'Ji  {'i£.!m  j 


Y^ 


IbH  :ft 


rjJ'/I  o^2■^n  •'h  y  mIioM 


TITHABLES    OF    PITTSYLVANIA    COUNTY,    1767.  273 

Stephen  Heard  &  Jesse  Heard... 2  460 

Hu<^4i   Innes,   James   Parberry,   negroes  Juba, 

Keat  &  Peat 5  1245 

John  Heard 1  165 

Stephen  Heard  jr.. 1  247 

Lewes  Jenkins  &  negro  Jack 2  1250 

John  Justice  Constable..... 100 

Wilham  Henson 1 

Vvilham  Witcher  (28)  &  negro  Sawney 2  100 

William  Keeny 1  190 

James  Wade ....- -... 1 

Daniel  McKenzie - 1 

William  Atkinson  &  Owen  Atkinson 2  200 

John  Good  jr 1  600 

Joseph  Deal 1 

Richard  Shockley - 1  50 

Daniel  Witcher. _.._ - 1  191 

David  Dalton&Benj.  Dalton :....  2  (ioO 

Samuel  Paterson 1  1687 

John  Wilcher. 1  190 

Robt  Dalton,  John  Dalton  &  Robt  Dalton  jr....  3  30 

John  Dalton 45 

Richard    Walding,    John    Walding    6c    negroes 

Jed,  Jeffry,  Greace,  Phoebe  &  Luc}^. 7  500 

Richard  Adkinson 1  50 

William  Lawson 1  76 

William  Hodges  &  Thomas  Neville — ..  2 

John  Hensley _ 1 

David  Polly 150 

James  Dalton 1  65 

Henry  Atkinson. 1 

Jacob  Seartin 1 

James  Stewart  &  James  Stewart  jr 2 

Arch  Graham  &  negro  Robin 2  750 

(2S.)     William  Witcher  took  the  oath  of  Vestryman  1768.     Was  mem- 
ber of  County  Committee  of  Safety.     Appointed  Captain  of  Militia  in 

1775.  Cc)mmanded  a  Company  of  Alilitia  in  Indian  E.xjjedition  of  1770. 
When  the  Regiment  under  Col.  Christian  jjushed  on  into  Tenn.,  a  force 
of  200  men  were  left  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Witcher  to  guard  Fort 
Pcitrick    Henry.      (Pittsylvania    Pension     Papers). 


' ,{  ' 


()i',S.I 


li'J  i 


Of)!- 

ft'' 

(l.",r 


ffC- 


II.'. 


7  Mi  J-;: 


;    Jii 


rroflj-Ci  crjd; 


274 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


George  Philige,  Thorn.  Lawrence,  John  Blackes- 
ley,  negroes  Tobias,  Robin,  Tom,  Madey, 
Betty - 

John  Hunsman 

Richard  Remington.... 

John  Heard 

Wilham  Beams 

WiiHam  Graham 

Nicholas  Alley. 

John  Willis 

Benjamine  Griffith 

Jonathan  Davis 

Jacob  Adkinson 

Edward  Wade  &  negro  Pegg ..- 

David  Wade 

William  Tyrie 

Jacob  Stober 

Jeremiah  Stober 

William  Hodges 

Sherwood  Adkins 

Thomas  Potter... 

John  Simons 

Bragan  Pnmty  &  Robt  Prunty 

Benj  Dunkin... 

John  Anderson 

Richard  Perryman  &  negro  Billiak 

John  Alitlleton 

Nathaniel  Evans 

Hezekiah  Pigg.... - 

Adam  Stilts 

.         ■  ,'  Signed 


298 
635 

130 


200 
326 


400 
150 


315 


Hugh  Innes. 


(.20.)  John  Wimbisli,  a  justice  of  peace  &  vestryman  for  Pittsylvania 
County.  There  is  an  order  Calendar  of  State  Papers  that  "the  enemy 
(British)  havin^;  returned  from  Dan  River,  Mr.  \Vm.  McCaw  is  appointed 
to  that  station,  and  to  keeiJ  his  princijjal  post  at  Wimbish's  stores  at 
Peytonsburg." 


Jian 


?  *■ 


,'  ; 


■■^j*r^;'«ii 


^•Voi    H  Tj 


'"  "t~-^M''  '*?^n-^."H-^ 


..  ■■■■•  '/  ^ 

■/if   J'.'.  *•  -J 

■  I 


i' 


Wll  I  lAMSBURG  FROM  MICHEL'S  DRAWINGS. 

(.X)     The  Nt  w  Courcil  H.^use  Nvhich  ihcy  1  e^-an  1  uildrnK  this  year  17r2:   IM,  Home  ot 

Merchant;    (c)    Fcurdation  (Kionr.d  plan)  of  Slatehouse;    (.<)    1-arnur  s  l.nu^c  , 

(Kl   'riie  rliurili  whirli  stands  at  W  dl lamsl .urK- 


■^•.  '.•..' 


^ 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  275 


Report  of  the  Journey  of  Francis  Louis  Michel  from 

Berne,    Switzerland,    to   Virginia,   October  2, 

1701-December  1,  1702. 


Part  III 


Translated  and  edited  by  Prof.  Wm.  J.  Hinkc,  Ph.  D. 

After  v/e  had  stayed  there  eight  days  in  order  to  complete 
all  our  preparations,  and  Imd  also  taken  water  on  board  (namely 
twenty-two  tons),  we  weighed  anchor  on  a  Sunday,  at  noon, 
while  the  weather  was  beautiful  and  a  good  but  weak  wind  pre- 
vailed. We  sailed  that  day  a  few  miles  down  the  Bay.  At 
evening  the  sky  was  co^'cred  with  \'ery  dark  clouds  towards 
tl:e  north.  There  was  hardly  time  to  take  in  the  sails  and  drop 
the  anchor.  It  is  a  dangerous  ])lace,  because  of  a  sand-bank 
which  extends  \^ery  far.  There  were  only  four  fathoms  of  water 
where  we  were  lying.  The  clouds  scattered  after  a  short  rain, 
no  dangerous  storm  having  developed.  On  the  following  morn- 
ing we  came  in  time  to  the  place  of  assembly,  where  we  foimd 
most  of  the  fleet  together  and  ready  to  sail.  We  were  almost 
the  last.  On  our  arnval  we  shot  off  six  cannons,  which  was 
answered  by  the  commander  with  one.  It  was  a  pleasure  to  see 
the  large  number  of  ships,  namely  154  in  number.  After  we 
had  lain  there  a  day  and  a  half  (about  this  time  the  wheat  har- 
\'est  as  well  as  the  sirmmer  fruit  and  peaches  were  past)  the  time 
api^jointed  for  the  ships  to  assemble  at  Quiquedam  had  come, 
when  most  of  the  ships  were  riding  at  anchor  at  the  mouth  of 
the  Bay.  The  ship  Nassau,  together  with  others,  was  still  uj) 
the  river,  but  one  Sunday  it  appeared  and  cast  anchor  before 
York  town. 

As  the  time  was  up  and  I  saw  no  possibility  of  tra\-eling  far- 
ther by  land  or  water,  because  of  the  heat,  and,  as  I  also  felt 
weak  because  of  the  many  fatigues  and  thought  the  fever  was 


•MOi'SJ    ;i)f;'.;iu  iAi' 


.ij  iij  <>fi  v/i:;'. 


276  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

coming  upon  me,  I  concluded,  as  I  was  compelled  to  return,  not 
to  let  this  opportunity  slip  by.  I  had  myself,  therefore,  first  of 
all  taken  to  Captain  Schmid's  ship,  who  had  come  back  from 
Guine  and  was  an  honest  man.  He  offered  to  take  me  to  Eng- 
land free  of  charge,  if  I  would  agree  to  do  guard  duty  like  the 
others,  who  are  relieved  every  four  hours.  But  I  was  so  weak 
that  I  could  not  accept  this.  He  then  said,  if  I  would  give  him 
40  shillings  I  would  not  be  compelled  to  \^'o^k,  the  ordinary 
charge  is  GO  shiUings.  However,  I  did  not  accept,  because  it 
was  a  little  ship,  having  every  place  filled  with  tobacco  to  such 
an  extent,  that  there  was  no  place  of  shelter  in  case  of  rain. 
Moreover,  I  rather  preferred  to  go  to  my  old  captain  [of  the 
Nassau],  who  showed  me  much  kindness  at  all  times  and  all  of 
whose  sailors  I  knew.  Besides,  the  doctor,  a  Saxon,  was  my 
friend  and  the  ship  was  better  sup]jlied  with  provisions  than 
any  other  shij)  in  the  fieet.  Experience  confirmed  this,  because 
the  other  ships  frequently  sent  for  provisions  from  ours.  In 
addition  to  the  abo\'e  mentioned  reasons,  I  was  induced  to 
take  passage  on  the  ship  Nassau,  because  Mr.  Foes,(l)  who  sev- 
eral times  show  ed  me  kindness  in  his  home,  was  also  a  passenger, 
intending  to  take  a  jouniey  to  England.  Hence  I  thought,  if 
sickness  should  overtake  me,  I  would  be  among  people  who 
would  render  me  assistance. 

When  a  good  wind  arose,  the  signal  was  given  [to  start]  with 
a  cannon  shot  and  a  blue  flag,  divided  to  the  middle  and  running 
out  into  two  points,  which  was  fastened  to  a  yard  of  the  small 
mast.  Before  the  ships  could  hoist  their  sails  fully,  the  wind 
subsided  again,  hence  they  had  to  ride  at  anclior  till  the  following 
moniing,  the  2nd  of  July,  when  they  left  with  a  good  but  weak 
wind.  But  the  wind  fell  again,  so  that  we  with  many  other 
ships  had  to  drop  anchor.  Before  we  had  lain  there  an  hour, 
the  wind  started  once  more  from  south-west.  'We  hoisted  our 
sails  and  commenced  to  advance  rapidly.  Thus  far  the  Go\-er- 
nor  had  accompanied  us  on  a  warship,  which  is  ordered  to  stay 
in  that  country.  To  make  my  story  short,  we  sailed  success- 
fully many  a  day  until  we  struck  a  calm  which  lasted  two  days, 
while  it  was  \'ery  hot.     Then  we  had  good  wind  again,  but  we 

(1)     For  Rev.  Stephen  Fouace  see  MAGAZINE,  XXIV,  23,  Note  37. 


.aVIlSAOAM  'H   AIVlXx^HlV  (i  i 


;lB•J^'/  ^J?. 


• « 

i      •  ■  A 

hi 

'"»;   I.  c^f:o<^j;yt   bjfK.njir'jiii  ;>'/.xft-;;  -j/O  oJ    ft'.fr'li;,(.>!>.i> 

•■•J 
:> 

7 

il':/'  (riiijr^  o;]  /I.J  Jill  ..-j.ir  li  ii'jil'iJ 

.''  c 

•  J 

liti-v  'ji"f;  , /Hi/t  f,lh;«  ^i'jilJ   iriioil  [ilL'v>'j  :j 


T)i\*'~>   .iiuti  ii)i/r  u'l  i:ji)  0^.    . 


tj.'t'i  '  :>j!i  i/ii  ;<j>J'i'       /Llxij/ji  yoncvbj. 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  277 

ran  too  far  south  and  lost  it  again  by  and  by,  for  the  farther 
north  one  gets,  the  more  wind  is  met.  On  the  return  journey 
[to  Europe]  there  is  mostly  good  wind,  so  that  the  trip  is  com- 
monly made  within  eight  to  ten  weeks.  During  that  time  I  had 
several  attacks  of  fe\x'r,  but  it  developed  only  twice.  Mean- 
while we  sailed  very  successfully  with  beautiful  weather.  How- 
ever, a  Captain  West,  who  commanded  the  ship  Bristol,  died. 
He  had  been  on  our  ship  four  days  before,  because  he  was  a  good 
friend  of  our  captain.  It  is  customary  when  a  captain  dies  to 
lower  the  flag  at  half-mast  and  to  fire  off  two  shots,  a  minute 
apart.  The  carj^enter  came  to  fetch  a  box  from  our  ship  in 
order  to  make  a  coffin.  On  the  following  day  he  was  lowered 
into  the  ocean.  The  flags  were  hoisted  as  usual  [at  half  mast]. 
All  the  captains  who  knew  him  ga\'e  each  a  salute  of  four  shots, 
ever}'  minute  a  shot.  After  a  large  number  of  shots  had  thus 
been  fired,  the  pilot,  who  took  over  the  command  in  the  cap- 
tain's absence,  expressed  his  thanks  by  firing  all  his  cannons 
slowly  in  succession. 

We  had  always  beautiful  sailing  weather,  so  that  the  prin- 
cipal men  visited  each  other  almost  daily.  At  such  times  they 
are  treated  lavishly  and  they  spare  neither  wine  nor  strong 
drink,  especially  not  punch,  which  I  have  already  described. 
Englishmen  pay  much  attention  to  good  eating  and  drinking, 
but  especially  to  meat.  Our  captain  had  fresh  meat  every  day. 
There  were  about  45  pigs,  small  and  large,  on  board  of  ship, 
one  calf,  three  sheep,  more  than  2U  turkeys  and  turkey  hens, 
14  geese  and  more  than  100  roosters  and  chickens,  nearly  all  of 
which  were  a  present  to  him,  except  what  Mr.  Foes,  the  preacher, 
brought  with  him,  who  had  taken  along  many  fowls  and  much 
strong  drink,  of  which  many  of  us  had  a  share.  They  slaughter- 
ed daily,  but  the  meat  could  not  be  kept  more  than  24  hours, 
and  had  to  be  thrown  into  the  sea  frequently.  On  the  return 
trip  the  common  people  had  only  water  to  drink,  but  it  was  good 
and  of  sufficient  quantity.  The  food  was  very  poor,  because 
the  heat  spoiled  that  which  had  been  salted  and  was  more  than  a 
year  old,  and  made  it  taste  badly.  In  addition,  our  biscuit  was 
full  of  worms,  so  that  the  smallest  particle  could  not  be  broken 


VTS 


278  '  '  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  --•'* 

off  without  finding  them  in  it.  This  caused  a  general  and  great 
longing  for  the  land. 

It  happened  once  at  night  that  a  great  noise  arose.  Shots  of 
distress  were  heard  and  fire  signals  were  seen.  Then  the  fleet 
was  ordered  to  stop,  which  order  is  given  from  the  admiral's 
or  con-in.ander's  ship  by  firing  off  a  certain  number  of  shots  and 
by  fire  signals.  Whatever  v/ind  may  prevail  (unless  a  storm  is 
raging)  the  ships  are  turned  against  the  wind,  catching  the  wind 
with  one  sail  and  holding  up  the  ship  W'ith  anothei .  As  a  result 
the  ship  hardly  leaves  its  ])lace.  The  ship  often  yields  to  such 
an  extent  that  it  rolls  to  and  fro  on  its  sides,  as  we  did  almost 
daily  towards  evening,  when  we  waited  for  those  in  the  rear. 
This  is  the  most  disagreeable  thing  about  a  fleet,  because  some 
of  the  ships  are  not  well  provided  with  sails,  or  otherwise  sail 
poorly,  hence  there  is  constant  waiting  for  them,  and  often  the 
best  time  is  lost. 

Now  to  return  to  the  noise.  There  was  no  ship  which  did  not 
fire  off  several  shots  to  signal  to  others.  This  continued  through- 
out the  night.  They  thought  pirates  had  fallen  upon  the  fleet. 
The  war  ships  sailed  back  at  once  to  the  place  of  the  fire  signals, 
but  they  found  that  two  ships  had  merely  stuck  to  each  other, 
being  entangled  in  their  ropes.  The  bowsprit,  which  extends 
forward,  had  become  entangled,  and  through  the  action  of  the 
waves,  the  shi])s  bumped  together,  so  that  they  would  have 
done  great  damage  to  each  other,  if  others  had  not  come  to  their 
rescue.  Especially  when  a  strong  wind  blows  and  when  it  is 
dark  and  stormy,  there  is  great  danger  in  a  fleet,  because  the 
ships  often  come  so  close  to  each  other  that  they  frequently 
pass  less  than  four  feet  from  each  other  and  thus  cause  great 
anxiety.  Each  ship  has  indeed  from  one  to  four  lanterns,  in 
each  of  which  there  are  four  or  more  lights.  One  of  them  they 
hung  way  up  on  the  mast,  which  could  be  seen  afar  off.  But 
the  watch  is  often  kept  so  poorly,  that  the  ships  run  one  against 
the  other.  Otherwise,  during  good  sailing  weather,  none  is 
allowed  to  give  fire  signals  except  the  commander  of  tJie  fleet, 
which  is  done  every  night  at  eight  o'clock,  with  the  firing  off 
of  a  cannon.  Whereupon  all  the  bells  are  rung,  which  is  pleas- 
ant to  hear  in  cjuiet  weather.     By  means  of  the  fire  the  ship  of 


ij  iud 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  279 

the  commander  can  always  be  distinguished  and  the  other  ships 
can  take  their  course  accordingly.  But  if  a  ship  tries  to  i^ass 
him,  he  orders  a  solid  shot  to  be  sent  across  its  bow  to  make  it 
stay  back.  These  shots  must  be  paid  for  as  a  fine.  They  are 
very  expensive.  But  if  the  weather  is  gloomy,  so  that  the  light 
cannot  be  seen,  the  commander  fires  off  a  shot  every  minute. 
This  could  be  cleariy  recognized  by  a  broad,  red  flag,  hung  from 
the  main  mast,  it  being  the  highest.  But  if  a  long,  blue  flag 
could  be  seen,  it  meant  to  hoist  more  sails.  Often  as  many  as 
three  different  flags  flew  at  the  same  time,  each  had  its  own 
meaning.  The  commander  had  a  war  ship  of  70  pieces  of 
cannon  and  wonderful  sails,  for  he  often  sailed  faster  with  half 
a  sail  than  we  with  eight. 

After  we  were  about  1500  miles  away  from  land,  the  water 
looked  as  blue  and  clear  as  the  sky,  so  that  we  could  often  see 
things  moving  in  the  depth.  Experienced  seamen  said,  they 
were  fish  at  a  depth  of  periiaps  a  mile.  In  this  region  we  amused 
ourseh-es  with  fishing.  There  are  in  that  neighborhood  a  large 
number  of  flying  fish  which  follow  the  ships.  They  have  an 
enemy,  named  dolphin  by  the  English.  It  is  one  of  the  best 
fish,  often  twenty  pounds  in  \\eight.  These  fish  do  not  swim 
deep  in  the  water,  but  on  to]).  When  the  flying  fish  notices 
that  his  enem}'  is  after  him,  he  flies  up  from  the  water,  often  a 
distance  of  two  gun  shots.  This  he  repeats,  when  he  does  not 
feel  secure.  They  often  fly  in  shoals.  It  happened  once  that 
one  flew  against  our  sail  and  fell  down  on  the  ship.  We  took 
him  and  put  him  in  vinegar  and  thus  kept  him  a  long  time.  It 
is  a  fish  like  a  herring,  with  two  long,  pointed  wings,  not  of 
feathers,  but  like  the  tail  and  side  fins.  When  one  throws  out 
a  line  and  hook,  the  doljjhin  is  at  once  there  and  swallows  the 
bait.  All  the  ships  caught  many  of  these  fish  for  two  weeks. 
Most  of  them  were  speared  with  harpoons.  These  were  seven 
foot  poles,  below  with  five  hooklike  jxiints,  above  balanced  with 
lead  and  tied  to  a  rope.  The  fish  swim  on  the  surface  of  the 
water,  close  to  the  ships,  so  that  they  can  be  hit  easily.  They 
are  like  salmon,  blue  on  toj).  We  were  surprized  at  some  land 
birds,  which  had  doubtless  gone  astray.  They  came  to  rest 
on  the  masts,  following  the  ships  for  a  great  distance.     Pigeons 


QTS 


Jl'. 


vi>rfT 


280  _  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ,,, 

had  been  taken  along  on  the  ocean.  They  were  let  go  and  often 
flew  away  to  a  great  distance,  but  they  did  not  fail  to  return  to 
their  cote.  Much  weed,  coming  up  from  the  bottom,  was 
swimming  there  on  the  water.  We  saw  also  a  large  turtle  h'ing 
asleep  on  the  water,  but,  as  the  sea  was  stormy,  we  could  not 
take  it.  Thus  far  we  sailed  successfully,  but  did  not  see  a  single 
strange  ship,  except  one  that  came  from  Barbados,  laden  with 
sugar. 

We  reached  safely  the  4'7th  degree,  where  we  had  a  fa\'oral:)le 
wind  again  for  several  days.  But  there  were  many  signs  of  a 
storm.  Towards  midnight  the  sky  turned  all  yellow  and  red. 
There  were  also  sufhcient  signs  in  the  air  for  the  seamen.  But 
especially  the  porpoises  showed  themseh'cs,  which  were  regarded 
as  an  infallible  storm  sign.  On  the  2nd  of  September  we  saw 
a  dull  sky  and  the  wind  began  to  blow  from  the  south  with  such 
force  that  only  the  foresails  could  be  used.  But  all  this  was 
nothing  compared  with  what  happened  on  the  3rd  of  September, 
old  style.  I  cannot  possibly  describe  our  condition  and  the 
terror  of  death  at  that  time.  When  day  was  breaking,  the  wind 
increased  to  such  an  extent  that  we  all  feared  a  disaster.  The 
fleet  at  once  scattered,  that  we  might  not  be  hurled  against  each 
other  to  our  destruction.  The  weather  was  dreary  and  black. 
The  wind  took  the  water  and  drove  it  along  like  clouds  and  fog. 
The  waves  rose  to  such  a  height  and  broke  down  upon  us  with 
such  a  roar  that  it  was  terrifying  to  behold.  The  wind  also 
howled  awfully  through  the  masts  and  sails.  That,  however, 
was  like  nothing.  But  when  the  storm  tore  the  sail  away  and 
the  helm  or  rudder  refused  to  work,  so  that  the  ship  was  laid 
over  on  one  .side,  and  was  thrown  about  from  one  side  to  the 
other,  then  such  a  quantity  of  water  dashed  over  and  into  the 
ship  that,  when  the\'  tried  to  luimj)  it  out  and  wanted  to  work, 
it  was  impossible  to  stand  upright,  and  they  had  to  hold  fast 
to  the  ropes,  that  the  water  and  wind  might  not  sweep  them  out. 
The  greatest  terror  was  caused  by  the  fact  that,  when  they 
measured  how  much  water  was  in  the  ship,  they  fcjund  that  there 
were  already  five  feet  in  the  tobacco  room,  as  the  color  of  the 
water  soon  showed,   for  when  it  was  pum]>ed  out  it   was  all 


n»:"!i)  bni. 


i  '3 

r  ,-: 


t  oJ 

•T 

O'l   B 

d'ma 

THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  281 

yellow  from  the  tobacco.  In  addition,  the  conncr(2)  announced 
the  bad  news  that  there  was  a  hole  in  the  ship !  Truly,  hope  for 
our  rescue  was  small  at  that  time,  even  among  the  most  exjjer- 
ienced.  Death  was  depicted  upon  the  faces.  Everyone  moaned 
so  that  it  was  pityful  to  hear.  Whatever  was  not  well  tied  or 
nailed  down,  was  partly  thrown  into  the  ocean,  partly  broken 
to  pieces,  for  nothing  of  such  things  was  safe.  The  greatest 
damage  was  done  when  one  of  the  highest  waves  broke  down 
upon  the  ship  from  behind,  injured  the  stem  and  knocked  out 
the  windows  above  and  below.  It  dashed  over  the  upper  part 
of  the  ship,  knocked  down  the  captain  and  the  physician,  who 
were  on  the  quarter  dcK;k,  then  it  covered  us  on  the  main  deck 
to  such  an  extent  that  we  could  hardly  bear  the  weight  of  the 
water  and  thought  nothing  else  but  that  we  were  all  drowned. 
At  the  same  time  the  cry  was  raised  that  we  should  run  to  the 
cannons,  fire  off  two  shots,  hoist  our  flag  at  half  mast  and  thus 
signal  our  distress.  But  we  saw  none  to  help  us,  nor  would  it 
have  been  possible  at  such  a  time.  When  the  storm  had  raged 
for  four  hours,  it  began  to  clear  a  little.  The  sun  came  out  and 
the  merciless  wind  subsided  slightly.  But  then  the  waves  be- 
gan to  rise  still  higher,  that  one's  hair  stood  on  end,  so  to  speak. 
However,  we  succeeded  so  far  that  we  were  able  to  hoist  half 
of  another  sail,  in  order  to  let  the  ship  rtm  before  the  wind. 
We  also  made  every  effort  to  pump  out  the  water  as  best  we 
could.  We  succeeded  so  far  that  it  did  not  increase,  and  then 
we  began  to  have  some  hope.  The  captain  and  Mr.  Foes  dis- 
tributed brandy  and  strong  ale  to  encourage  the  people.  It 
heljx'd  not  a  little.  We  all  w^orked  till  evening  to  hoist  up  the 
tobacco  and  to  let  down  pumps  with  chains,  which  was  our  sal- 
vation. Afterv\'ards  four  pumps  could  be  used.  Before  night 
a  ship  came  near  to  offer  assistance,  which  we  needed  much. 
On  account  of  the  high  seas  we  could  not  approach  each  other. 
But  they  promised  through  the  sj^eaking  trumpet  to  keep  us 
company  during  the  night,  which  made  us  happy.  During  the 
night  we  had  a  fairly  good  rest,  except  the  work  of  pumping 
out  the  water,  as  the  ship  was  leaking  very  much.     In  the 

(2)     A  Conner,  spelled  "coner"  in  tlie  ori):jinal,  is  one  who  j^ives  steer- 
ing directions  to  the  hehnsman  of  a  shij). 


ll(tt-^ 


282  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  .; 

mominj.^  of  the  4lh  [of  Septembei]  we  saw  no  fleet  [at  first],  but 
soon  there  was  a  call  from  the  mast  that  about  9U  ships  were  in 
sight. 

Shortly  afterwards  the  fleet  was  seen,  but  not  as  strong  as 
before.  More  than  twenty  shijDs  were  missing.  We  did  not 
know  what  had  become  of  them  or  whether  they  had  been  lost. 
At  one  time  we  saw  much  woodwork  and  many  barrels  floating 
on  the  water.  We  learned  that  we  were  not  the  only  ones  that 
had  suffered  damage,  for  there  were  four  other  ships  ready  to 
sink.  Our  captain  had  himself  at  once  taken  to  the  commander 
to  make  known  his  distress  and  ask  for  help.  He  told  him  that 
others  had  been  with  him  for  the  same  reason  and  that  he  had 
given  tip  everybody  whom  he  could  spare.  But  he  sent  his 
carpenter  along.  He  nailed  lead,  prepared  for  that  purpose, 
over  the  hole.  Nevertheless,  we  had  to  work  day  and  night 
to  pump  out  the  water.  Double  rations  were  distributed  from 
nov,'  on  till  we  reached  England,  because  we  had  to  jDump  so 
hard  and  incessantly  day  and  night.  This  fear  did  us  more 
harm  than  death  itself,  for  it  was  a  slow  death  and  we  felt  it  for 
some  time  afterwards.  At  that  time  every  one  would  have 
given  all  he  had  if  he  could  have  been  on  land,  and  I  thought 
I  would  never  venture  into  such  danger  again,  but  I  soon  forgot 
it. 

After  the  storm  was  over,  we  were  yet  900  miles  from  land. 
But  following  it  we  had  for  two  weeks  good  weather  till  about 
the  18th,  when  we  struck  ground  at  89  fathoms,  which  made  us 
glad.  After  another  day  of  sailing  we  met  again  very  boister- 
ous, stormy  weather.  W^e  were  not  a  little  afraid  at  that  time, 
because  we  were  not  far  from  land  and  the  condition  of  our  ship 
was  very  poor.  We  could  not  leave  the  pumps  nor  dry  our- 
selves. We  met  also  another  ship,  and  passes!  each  other  so 
closely  that  we  threw  up  our  hands  in  fear,  but  we  did  not  touch. 
Whoever  has  not  experienced  the  terror  of  the  water,  can  hardly 
believe  what  the  feelings  are.  But  finally  we  saw  land,  which 
was  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

In  this  last  storm  one  ship  lost  its  mast.  But  a  warship,  four 
of  which  were  with  us,  took  this  damaged  ship  in  tow,  but  kept 
a  great  distance  between  them.     It  was  towed   to  the  land. 


f!:  ;fA 


I 
.it 


<|rii'.  TLKi  V>  n-ijifHio't  j 


1  iu\.n) 


1 
j 

. J 

•r 


.dou'it  JOfi  hi*.  ^N  : 


bad   'wl!   oj    b-yf"  i     ii/;    Jl 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  283 

When  we  came  into  the  Channel,  we  saw  tweh-e  sails  or  ships. 
We   soon   noticed   that   they   were   Dutch.     They   jjassed   the 
island.     The  same  day  we  aiTi\'ed  at  Dimes  [Downs],   where 
we  learned  from  a  Diitch  ]3ri\'ateer  that  there  was  war  between 
England,  Holland  and  France. (3)     It  was  said  that  Cadix  [in 
Spain]  was  talcen,(4)  about  which  they  rejoiced  in  vain.     From 
there  we  came  to  Margate,  and  on  the  following  day  across  the 
dangerous  sandbanlcs,  where  the  \\-ater  was  only  18  fathoms 
deep  and  the  ship  touched,  so  that  the  water  becam.e  muddy. 
The  captain  was  in  fear,  for  if  a  ship  strikes  such  a  bank,  the 
sand  yields  and  in  a  short  time  the  ship  sinl<s.     On  the  next 
day  we  came  to  Gravesend,  whence  I  traveled  by  land  to  Pop- 
lar, (5)  in  order  to  deliver  a  letter  to  the  wife  of  the  captain.     I 
cannot  omit  to  make  mention  of  the  kindness  which  the  captain 
showed  me.     He  made  known  to  me,  through  Air.  Foes  and  the 
physician,  that,  if  I  wanted  to  go  to  sea  with  him  and  keep  book 
for  him,  he  would  give  me  daily  half  an  English  crown.     I  con- 
sented finally,  but  the  constant  traveling  on  the  ocean  did  not 
suit  me.     Hence  I  thanked  him  and  paid  him,  but  he  gave  me 
back  two  crowns,  because  I  had  worked  during  the  stonns.     At 
last  he  invited  me  to  dinner  and  told  me  that  he  did  not  doubt 
but  that  I  could  travel  safely.     After  I  had  stayed  in  London 
for  several  days,  I  handed  over  certain  things  to  a  Swiss,  named 
Boraas,  who  was  manied  to  a  woman  by  the  name  of  A\'alther, 
to  keep  them  for  me  till  my  return. 

From  there  I  went  to  Starwit  [Hanvich](ti)  by  land,  a  distance 
of  06  miles,  where  I  had  to  wait  for  a  mail  boat.  I  went  to  the 
commissioner,  who  gave  me  a  passport,  so  that  I  could  cross 
[the  Channel]  for  nothing,  except  paying  two  shillings,  one  for 
the  clerk,  the  other  as  a  head  tax.  Otherwise  one  has  to  pay 
14  shilling^dtn-ing_war  times.  Those  known  to  him  can  cross 
(3)     It  was  the  war  of  the  Spanish  Succession. 

(4)^  In  1702  a  futile  attack  was  made  upon  Cadiz  by  the  British  under 
Sir  Ueorge  Rooke  and  the  Duke  of  Ormonde,  but  oii  October  r>  170'? 
a  combined  French-Spanish  Heet  was  destroyed  by  the  British  at'  Vigo.' 
(o)  ioplar,  lymg  between  Gravesend  and  London,  can  only  be  the 
metroijohtan  borough  of  London,  bearing  that  name,  three  miles  E  bv 
S.  of  St.  Paul's.  ■     ^ 

(G)  Starwit  is  no  doubt  a  misprint  in  the  Berne  Yearbook  for  Harwit 
by  which  Harwich  is  intended,  the  well-known  English  seaport  in  the 
County  of  Essex,  70  miles  northeast  of  Londtm. 


88S: 


-fTO->  I      itv/'  r")  ffj*.;'  "t 

J.  •'. 

J/.       •  ,(i 

:  .( 

.   ..,- ^  .  .,   ...J 

.1..  'J:>/.V  k;  ;r-.':;^n  :»f{,;  -/i.l  iir-ryuv,  i.  :,! 

r.7!fJ0t    .  wj 

o 

,'j 

r 


.U:   7i.)i  111]  A.  :■'•  Ti,  '  {  jirf)f\  ■•■■':  ,11  ;.', 

.jdl   ni    '■:»>i^i;.»r   .!-.(;^ii^   K»/a7.-!    ■■!  '  i 


284  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

free  of  charge.  In  Briel  is  another  commissioner,  who  gives 
passports  to  those  who  want  to  go  to  England.  The  Queen  of 
England  maintains  six  of  these  mail  boats,  which  sail  twice 
every  week.  The}^  are  built  lightly  and  armed  with  only  four 
to  six  cannons,  but  they  are  so  well  equipjjcd  with  sails,  that  it 
is  not  easy  to  capture  them. 

October.  We  left  with  good  wind,  but  when  we  wished  to 
pass  from  the  harbor  into  the  ocean,  we  met  the  boat  coming 
from  Holland,  which  reported  that  there  were  enemies.  Hence 
we  stayed  at  a  certain  place  till  night.  We  were  much  troubled 
by  the  waves,  because  the  ship  was  so  small.  I  became  sick, 
contrary  to  my  expectations.  We  sailed  very  fast  during  the 
night,  so  that  we  saw  land  in  the  morning,  and  about  ten  o'clock 
we  reached  the  Rhine,  where  we  landed.  The  passengers  and 
the  mail  were  taken  on  land.  We  came  to  Briel,  where  I  took 
some  refreshments.  On  the  same  day,  the  10th  of  October, 
we  reached  Rotterdam.  From  there  I  traveled  with  a  French- 
man, named  Jonget,  whom  I  met  at  Harwitz  [Harwich],  to  Nim- 
wegen,  hoping  that  we  would  find  an  opportunity  there  to  con- 
tinue our  journey.  We  had  to  go  by  land,  because  the  wind 
was  too  strong.  We  lodged  on  the  other  side  of  the  river.  We 
crossed  over  the  jtontoon-bridge,  but  we  did  not  know  how  to 
get  into  the  city.  We  tried  the  sentry,  who  asked  whence  we 
came.  We  answered,  that  we  resided  in  the  city.  They  let  us 
pass.  We  went  then  to  a  Mr.  Du  R.ang,  a  French  minister, 
whom  we  asked  for  a  certificate,  which  he  did  not  refuse.  We 
thought  it  was  better  than  nothing.  We  then  set  out  on  the 
road  to  Wesel  and  from  there  to  Duysburg.  We  were  allowed 
to  pass  Wesel,  but  at  the  latter  place  we  were  led  to  the  com- 
mandant. He  remarked  that  we  had  no  extra  fine  passport, 
but  he  allowed  us  to  go  on.  A  few  days  before,  Rynberg 
[Rheinberg],  which  can  be  seen  from  here,  had  been  bombarded 
by  the  Brandenburgers,  but,  according  to  their  own  statement, 
they  had  lost  about  a  hundred  men.  Thence  we  proceeded  to 
Dusseldorf.  On  the  way,  we  met  two  Frenchmen,  whom  we 
asked  whence  they  came.  They  said,  they  had  intended  to 
travel  to  Switzerland,  but  they  had  been  stopped  above  Cologne. 
They  had  taken  away  their  rifles  and  everyone  wanted  to  harm 


i: 

oV/ 
ar- 
il 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  285 

them,  because  they  were  not  able  to  speak  with  the  people.     I 

tried  to  strengthen  our  company,  hence  I  encouraged  them  to 

come  with  us,  which  they  did.     On  the  way  to  Cologne  nothing 

happened  to  us,  except  that  a  soldier  asked  for  our  passports. 

I  asked  him  to  show  us  his  authority  for  m.aking  such  a  demand. 

Pie  final]}'  withdrew.     When  we  wanted  to  cross  the  Rhine  at 

Mellen  [iMuelhcim],(7)  we  had  to  wait  there  for  a  while.     I  went 

to  an  oflicer  of  the  guard,  who  was  stationed  there.     He  told 

me  of  the  double  and  even  thieefold  danger  of  traveling,  as 

daily  unfortunate  accidents  were  reported,  on  the  one  hand 

fiom  the  French,  who  make  strong  raids  from  Bonn,  on  the 

other  hand  the  farmers  in  Bavaria  and  in  the  Spessart  forest 

were   very   dangerous.     Whenever    they   met   a   person,    they 

wuuld  take  his  clgthes  and  often  hi:,  life.     He  counselled  me 

esijcciall)-  noL  to  travel  with  the  Frenchmen,  who  were  now 

much  hated  in   that  neighborhood,   because  during   the   past 

summer  this  district  had  been  plundered  b}-  tlie  French.     This 

niade  me  think.     While  wc  tluis  spoke  together,  there  came 

twenty   Switzcrs,    among   whom   \\'ere   se\'enil    Gennans   from 

Lcuk,  of  the  Schartreuw(8).     They  had  a  passport  from  the 

English  General  Cut (9),  as  people  who  had  left  the  service  of 

the  enemy.     They  also  inquired  about  the  way  to  Switzerland, 

which  jjleased  me  so  much,   that  I  made  their  acquaintance. 

Two  of  them  were  from  the  Canton  of  Berne.     We  stayed  there 

overnight.     During  the  night  a  part)'  came  into  the  house  with 

great  noise.     We  thought  they  were  Frenclimen,  but  they  were 

Hollanders.     In  the  morning  wu  set  out  on  our  way.     It  was 

very  cold.     AVe  wanted  to  go  to  Bruggen  [Bmeck],  a  village 

about  two  hours  [six  miles]  distant.     Fortunately  we  lost  our 

way.     We  met  a  driver  who  told  us  that  a  party  was  on  guard 

(7)  In  spite  of  the  dissimilarity  of  the  names,  Muehlheim  must  be 
mtended  by  Mellen.  It  is  the  only  city  between  Cologne  and  Bonn 
which  resembles  Mellen  in  sound.  Michel  evidently  spells  the  names 
phonetically. 

(S)  Leuk  is  probably  Leukerbad,  a  famous  watering  place  in  the 
Canton  of  Valais,  vSwitzerland,  on  the  right  bank  of  the  Rhone.  Schart- 
reuw  is  probably  the  French  word  Chartreu.se,  the  name  of  a  Carthu-.ian 
monastery. 

(9)  This  is  Baron  John  Cutis  of  Gowran,  Ireland,  1GGI-17U7,  who 
accompanied  Marlborough  to  Holland  in  1701  and  tool:  part  in  the  war 
of  the  Spanish  Succession  as  lieutenant-general. 


88S^ 


I'o  r:;o 


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kI 

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r,t   i..' 


286 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


not  far  from  Bruggen,  on  the  great  highroad.  We  thought  we 
were  betrayed,  and  turned,  therefore,  to  the  left  into  the  forest. 
We  wandered  about  till  evening,  when  we  met  a  farmers'  guard 
of  twenty  men,  provided  with  loaded  rifles.  They  took  us  for 
an  opposing  party,  aimed  their  rifles  and  waited  for  our  arrival. 
We  showed  our  i)assport.  The)-  demanded  a  sword  from  us, 
but  we  refused  to  give  it.     They  did  not  dare  to  take  it. 

Then  we  came  to  Syberg  [SiegburgI,  where  an  allied  garrison, 
containing  also  Swiss,  was  stationed.     The  Governor  did  not 
want  to  allow  us  to  stay  overnight  in  the  towTi.     Hence  we  had 
to  lodge  in  an  inn  before  the  gate.     This  place  is  about  two  hours 
distance  from  Bonn.     We  feared  that  night  that  they  would 
come  to  take  us  p^risoners.     Some  days  before  they  had  taken 
away  a  wagon  with  a  horse  at  this  same  place.     On  the  following 
day  we  continued  our  journey.     We  heard  that  four  French 
companies  were  keeping  guard  on  the  great  high-road  in  tlie 
forest.     This  was  unwelcome  news  to  us.     We  inquired  ^^^hether 
we  could  not  take  a  roundabout  route.     Yes,  if  we  would  make 
a  detour  of  three  days.     The  company  was  fearful  that  it  would 
cost  their  life,  if  they  should  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  French. 
Hence  we  were  shown  the  detour  and  we  tra\'eled  through  wild 
regions,  already  covered  with  sno^^■,  to  Hagen,  Siegen,  Dillen- 
burg,  Wetzlar,  where  the  imperial  chamber  meets.     Thence  to 
Freybuig,  in  the  Breissgau(lO),  finally  to  Frank-fort,  where  we 
were  strictly  examined.     However,  they  did  not  ask  for  all  our 
passports,  but  one  was  sufficient  for  us.     The  Gennans  sta3-ed 
there  and  we  were  also  olTercd  jiosiiions.     From  there  the  rest 
of  us,  twelve  in  all,  traveled  safely  to  Tiibingen,  in  Wirtemberg, 
where  we  had  to  ]:)ass  through  between  the  French  and  the 
Bavarians.     In    the    center   were    the    dragoons.     Everybody 
told  us  how  unsafe  it  was  to  travel  and  that  some  people  had  lost 
everything.     We  told  them  that  wolves  do  not  bite  each  other. 
We  were  soldiers  too,  who  had  swords  and  pistcjls.     We  ar- 
rived safely  at  SchaflTiausen. 
God  be  i)raised  for  ever!     Amen. 

(10)     The  Breisgau  is  now  a  fjart  of  the  Grandduchy  of  Baden   com- 
prising  the  valley  of  Freiburg  and  the  southern  part  of  the  Black  Forest. 
In  the  Middle  .\ges  it  was  one  of  the  largest  districts  of  the  Allc-manni 
1  he  writer  ouglit  to  have  reversed  the  order  of  hVeiburg  and  Franldort 
as  Preiburg  is  inueh  nearer  the  Swiss  l^order  tlian  I'>anl-J\irl. 


.a>si. 


3W        f, 


10!    r.K. 


> 

Orfi   117/01  {£  ■  { 

'/  •ji'ulft    h'Ji. 'furiH  ot  /finrirl  ,(0i  ji,u>'i;i?.i  >  1 

,7 

■'a 

o 


r.    i'//     .^I'lj.i  {  I  iij:  i>|.i<y.7.    bj.d   iKi//   ,vnij   r/r 

-    ''    '        '■'■  ^' 

1. '' 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  287 

In  conclusion.  I  report  some  things  which  may  not  be  known: 

A  guinea  is  4  Enghsh  crowns  or  18  stueber. 

An  English  crown  is  5  shillings. 

A  shilling  is  12  stueber. 

A  stueber  is  a  little  more  than  half  a  batzen. 

A  pound  sterling  is  4  crowns,  a  shilling  and  a  half  less  than  a 
guinea . 

Three  English  miles  make  an  hour. 

N.  B.     I  must  add  that  I  forgot  something  at  certain  places. 

Thus  I  placed  New  York  at  the  Canadian  boundary,  while 
New  Jersey  and  New  I^^ngland  are  the  most  extreme  [prov- 
inces]. (11) 

Likewise  with  regard  to  the  diseases,  I  wish  to  add  that  they 
consist  mostly  of  the  negro  fever,  which  often  stays  with  a  person 
for  a  long  time,  especially  those  who  live  near  the  ocean  shore. 
Open  legs  full  of  sores  are  to  found  with  most  people.  The 
principal  cause  is  the  fever,  which  finds  an  outlet  there.  Another 
cause  is  because  most  people  \\'ork  without  shoes  and  stockings 
in  the  soil,  so  that,  esi)ecially  in  the  new  soil,  the  legs  are  all 
swollen  and  full  of  white  pimples.  It  seems  as  if  the  ground  was 
poisoned  by  the  snakes.  Doctors  and  surgeons  are  well-to-do 
and  have  a  large  income. 

Mechanics  are  generally  scarce  and  expensi\'e.  The  best 
trades,  among  others,  are  carpenters,  joiners,  coopers,  ship- 
builders, masons,  smiths,  locksmiths,  tailors  and  glassblowers. 
Skilled  workmen  are  much  esteemed  and  w  ell  ]  ^aid.  I  have  seen 
a  common  journeyman  paid  annually  30  lbs.  sterling,  including 
his  board.  But  I  ha\'e  heard  of  master  workmen,  who  rccei\'ed 
above  a  guinea  daily.  Moreover,  a  skilful  artisan  or  workman 
can  reach  America  with  little  expense,  by  means  of  an  instruction 
from  Holland  to  England,  issued  In-  the  commissioner  at  Briel, 
so  that  neither  the  i)assage  nor  the  meals  cost  anything,  because 
the  Queen  maintains  such  mail-boats.  In  London  such  an 
artisan  can  go  to  a  Virginian  captain,  none  of  whom  will  lefuse 
to  tal:e  him  along,  if  not  for  the  labor  on  the  ship,  at  least  for  the 
payment  promised  on  landing.  For,  when  such  a  ship  annves, 
the  inhabitants  come  in  large  numbers  to  buy  or  hire  serwants. 

(.11)     Tliis  correction  needs  lo  be  corrected  again. 


T8S 


J- 


•  S-i'-V-^vf!  -'f.<i^  'j'o  vli;'.,/i»' 


( i  1 .1  [^^Olu 


>XJ?;  ■^:. 


00 


>ii<v.v   jJijo:X( 


jt'OJ    j^iT     /j/f  nijq/.'j    !j:t  ;   "vr-.v     -ir 


' '  ar 


ri.:   ..  1  -^nt  -Mi,  U'^Aii'j.xi  /' '  .-J?.' 


Hi.   c  .:•■    !:•  :'ii..-.l    tfi       >3j;\i;i- JfiVi' 


,1:/rj??  I  Ctrl'//  .fi.  I       «, 


it 


288  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  "V > 

Everyone  would  be  willing  to  pay  the  passage  money.  The 
debtor  then  belongs  to  the  ereditor  till  he  pays  it  ofl.  The  wages 
are  fixed,  namely,  according  to  law  each  workman  must  jjay  his 
master  for  his  boaid  and  lodging  annually  400  lbs.  of  tobacco 
and  three  barrels  of  com.  Whatever  he  can  raise  above  that 
amount,  he  can  sell,  so  that  within  a  short  time  he  can  pay 
liis  passage  money.  Then  he  can  hire  out  as  a  freeman  or  he  can 
continue  to  work  in  the  above  manner  until  he  has  saved  some- 
thing and  can  himself  set  up  an  establishment. 

I  also  forgot  to  refer  to  the  allspice,  which  is  a  certain  medicine 
planted  l)y  the  Indians  and  is  sold  by  them.  This  plant  has 
such  strength  and  jjroperties  that  it  can  be  used  in  place  of  every 
other  spice,  as  is  also  imi)lied  by  the  nam.e.  There  also  grows 
a  sort  of  red  shells,  like  crab's  claws,  in  which  seeds  are  found 
AN'hich  are  \'ery  strong. 

There  are  also  a  large  number  of  glow-worms  [fire-flies],  which 
fly  at  riiglit  through  the  trees  in  large  numbers,  as  if  they  were 
full  of  fire  and  light. 

There  is  another  kind  of  bugs  or  worms  which  are  very  harm- 
ful to  the  finest  trees  of  the  forest  and  cause  the  destruction  of 
a  great  many  of  them. 

In  conclusion,  he  who  will  take  the  trouble  to  read  this  im- 
perfect essay,  will  find  that  I  have  not  been  diligent  to  observ^e 
order,  nor  did  I  make  a  clean  copy,  hence  it  is  difficult  to  read, 
full  of  disorder  and  \\ithout  orthogra])]iy.  As  I  was  requested 
to  inalvc  a  short  rei-iort,  I  have  drawn  it  up  hastily,  hoping  that 
if  the  reader  will  find  some  mistakes,  he  will  coiTCCt  them  him- 
self; the  rest  will  be  found  to  be  titie. 


.aVIlJlA^AM   ja: 


{'-fl 


,-jinJ  'J.'  i>i  hnn -i  ji!  Ilr/v  jfrjii  ;>dt  ;^1'J3 


THE    JOIkXEV    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  289 


Letters  Regarding   the   Second  Journev   of   Michel   to 

America,    February    14,    1703,    to  January    1G, 

1704,  AND  his  stay  in  America  till  1708. 

[After  Francis  Louis  Michel  had  reached  Benie,  on  December 
1,  1702,  lie  started  on  his  second  journey  to  America  on  Feb- 
ruar)'  14,  1703,  about  which  the  fohowin*^  letters  ^ive  us  some 
information.  Michel  had  of  course  related  his  experiences  in 
\''irginia  to  his  friends  in  Beme,  amonj^  whom  were  John  Rudolf 
Ochs  and  George  Ritter.  With  them  he  had  conceived  the  plan 
of  settling  a  Swiss  colony  in  America.  As  the  next  letter  shows, 
negotiations  had  been  begiui  with  William  Penn,  in  order  to 
locate  this  Swiss  colony,  if  jjussil^le,  in  Pennsylvania]. 

DIFFERENT  LETTERS 

which,  since  the  departure  of  my  brother  from  Berne,  on  Feb- 
ruary 14,  1703,  have  been  sent  fnjni  London  and  America,  ad- 
dressed to  Mr.  Ochs(12),  his  coiTes]jondent.  The  first  letter 
was  dated  London,  May  6TG,  1703. 

I  ask  that  you  will  not  take  the  delay  of  my  letter  ill  of  me. 
Already  in  Rotterdam  I  have  had  a  package  read\',  in  wltich  was 
enclosed  a  thorough  rejjort,  together  with  a  map  of  Philadelphia, 
from  which  detailed  infoniiation  can  be  gathered,  in  short  it  is  a 
complete  guide  for  those  wIkj  want  to  tra\'el  there.  Aleanwhile 
I  secured  two  other  [printed]  reports,  but,  since  the  post  in 
Holland  would  not  accept  this  except  at  a  very  high  rate,  I 
foimd  it  advisable  to  retain  it  until  I  have  received  an  oral  re- 
]jort  and  confirmation  from  Mr.  William  Penn,  and  can  send 
it  together  with  a  complete  report  through  Mr.  Gaudot.  Thus 
far  I  have  been  unable  to  secure  an  audience  with  him  [Penn], 

(12)  John  Rudolf  Ochs,  son  of  Samuel  Ochs  and  Esther  Koch,  was 
bajjlized  Septeml)er  2,  1()73.  He  was  a  seal  and  stone  engraver;  went 
to  Pennsylvania  in  170o,  returned  to  England  and  settled  in  London, 
where  he  became  a  Quaker.  He  was  married  to  Catharine  Lerljer, 
daughter  of  David  Lerljcr  and  his  wife  Catharine  Schmaltz,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  Niklaus  of  AlToltem.  She  had  six  children,  five  sons  and  a 
daughter,  born  1702-1715.  Ochs  is  the  author  of  a  book,  entitled  "Amer- 
ikanischer  Wegweiser"  i.  e.,  ".'\merican  Guide,"  Beme  1711,  pp.  102. 
See  Berner  Taschenbuch,  1898,  p.  127f,  note. 


G8S  .jaii 


0 


•liSl'dTT'dd  TXa5U{H'ili.l 


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.'jfrt  ')o  'li  TjJJ:}^  V.fit  W  yi;( 

iji/.'  j1'>:.-('.7  hi  v5ti:'.)i  -j;^/..',  •  i»i  i.  find 


I'.iv.-rJ  .<]■  JM^v/  ( 


>f  u;it   fih'  b  V,' ;•  >-.yjf  -j-'Jiii  i  l/;rjw  jr 


•7 


,Ll"      «.}!;      1 1  k  I      M-  ini 


290  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ,   . 

but  I  have  been  requested  to  appear  to-morrow  morning. (13) 
I  have  handed  in  a  memorial,  in  which  the  case  has  been  pre- 
sented in  the  best  possible  fonn.     I  am  now  waiting  with  eager- 
ness for  the  outcome.     I  have  made  inquiries  about  that  coun- 
try to  my  satisfaction  and  have  concluded  to  leave  here  with  a 
Pennsylvania  ship,  which  will  sail  within  two  months.     I  re- 
gretted that  I  had  to  see  the  fleet  leave  here  for  America,  12 
days  ago,  and  was  not  able  to  go  along.     But  I  am  much  sur- 
prized about  the  process  begoin  here  against  the  above  named 
Governor  Penn,  which  was  legall>-  instituted  here.  (14)     I  have 
already  gotten  some  yjrinted  tracts,  which  expose  him  and  his 
officials  in  Pennsylvania  most  severely  and  shamefully,  and  in 
which  he  and  his  ])eople  are  accused  of  many  and  disgraceful 
actions,  in  the  civil  government  as  well  as  in  church  matters. 
Many  think  the  so-called  Quakers,  together  with  the  Governor, 
stand  in  danger  of  losing  the  freedom  they  enjoyed  so  long.     I 
shall  have  to  give  you  a  sufficient  report  before  my  departure 
from  here  about  one  thing  or  another.     Two  weeks  ago  I  ad- 
dressed a  letter  to  Mr.  Gaudot,  but  he  informed  me  yesterday 
that  the  mail-boat  of  the  16th,  upon  which  the  letter  was,  had 
unfortunately  been  taken  near  Harwitz   [Harwich].     I   here- 
with desire  to  send  you  a  few  words,  otherwise,  if  I  had  the 
necessary  time,  I  would  make  a  longer  and  more  detailed  rei^ort, 
hoping  that  you  will  pardon  the  liberty  I  thus  take.     I  cannot 
omit  to  mal.'e  mention  of  what  has  happened  on  the  journey 
from  Holland  hither,  and  how  this  short  trip  turned  out  to  be 
so  full  of  dangers  and  accidents. 

Many  must  wait  ten  weeks  for  a  suital^le  wind,  I  w^as  com- 
pelled to  stay  three  weeks  in  Rotterdam  and  Briel.  Finally  on 
Sunday  the  15th,  n.  s.  lne\N'  style]  there  was  such  stormy  weather 
that  many  ships  lying  before  Bricl  had  to  go  back  to  Rotterdam, 
because  they  wove  torn  from  their  anchor.  Such  a  drifting  ship 
ran  against  our  shnj_wiai_^h_\aolen^ 

^OsT'Accordmg't^he  French  Diary  of  Gr^Henned  (German  -^"'^rican 
Annals  XII,  106)  Penn  appointerl  Michel  Director  General  of  a  1  the 
mines  in  l>eun.sylvania.  He  also  made  a  delimte  cotnpaci  ,;^,ith  t^/^ 
society  whieli  Michel  represented.      See  also  S.   G.   l-isher.   flie    True 

Willi'im  Penn,  p.  380.  ,      ,  r    i,  .^ 

(1  i)  About  the  trials  and  persecutionb  ot  Penn  at  tins  tune  .-.ee  f  ibUer, 
The  True  Wni.  Penn,  pp.  :5(H-37G. 


-•,-1'^     T 


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t.t\'\  •...       '.:'..-  I-    ■  .  :.ii>'J   ;, 


11  >  i   ;  i   ::('M 


.^*n.'*'V    .;i  -a   «),.  \  1 


THE    JOURN-EY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  291 

mast  was  toni  down.  In  the  evening  we  saw  the  distressed 
Enj^^Hsh  fleet,  consisting  of  about  80  ships,  laden  mostly  with 
com  and  cloth,  being  driven  by  the  strong  wind  back  from  the 
sea  into  the  Meus(i  river.  There,  22  ships,  which  could  not 
reach  the  mouth  of  the  river,  ran  in  part  on  the  land,  others 
stuck  on  the  sandbanks,  some  were  at  once  broken  to  pieces,  so 
that  the  IMcuse,  in  a  few  hours,  was  full  of  com  and  boxes  of 
bread  and  parts  of  ships  which  drifted  about.  On  the  18th, 
we  had  some  good  wind  and  we  sailed  with  60  merchantmen, 
two  convoys  and  a  transport,  into  the  sea.  On  the  20th,  in  the 
morning,  the  fleet  from  London  to  Rotterdam  met  us,  abcjut 
80  ships  in  number.  But,  in  the  afternoon,  u'hen  we  were  ten 
hours  [30  miles]  from  land,  we  discox'cred  sc\'en  ships,  which 
were  earned  by  the  wind  towards  us  and  came  with  full  sails. 
We  saw  at  once  that  they  were  French,  which  alanned  us  con- 
siderably. Our  two  convo}'s  sailed  ahead  of  the  fleet,  to  wait 
for  them.  Finally  they  were  so  near  that  our  ships  realized 
that  they  were  not  strong  enough  for  them,  because  they  were 
four  large  ships  and  three  privateers.  Hence  they  sailed  as 
best  as  they  could  right  through  the  French  fleet,  all  the  rest 
followed.     Half  of  the  fleet  was  cut  off. 

The  front  part,  in  which  I  was,  continued  its  course  to  Norwit 
[Norwich], (15)  the  rear  ran  hither  and  thither.  The  privateers 
took  eight  or  ten  of  them.  The  warships  also  met  together. 
They  shot  very  rapidly  upon  our  commander  Salisbury.  After 
a  considerable  battle  he  surrendered,  and  also  the  transport, 
with  30  ineces  of  cannon.  As  the  weather  was  rainy  and  gloomy 
we  did  not  see  them  any  longer,  but  we  reached  England  before 
night.  Thus  on  this  short  trip  more  unpleasant  things  hap- 
I)encd  to  me  than  lately  on  my  whole  journey.  Mr.  Gaudot 
shows  ine  much  kindness  because  of  his  respect  for  you  and  your 
recommendation.  In  return  I  would  like  to  show  him  coires- 
ponding  gratitude.  He  asked  me  for  [certain]  stones,  for  he 
knew  that  you  had  given  them  to  me  to  talvc  along.  Howe\'er, 
I  did  not  have  full  confidence  in  the  matter.  As  soon  as  there 
will  be  an  opportunity  I  shall  send  one  thing  or  another  through 

(15)  By  Norwit  the  writer  evidently  meant  Norwich  (cf.  Harwit= 
Ilarwicli)  a  c;iLy  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  OS  miles  N.  X.  K.  of  London. 


:O0  TUO  .n::)V  iOi!^.  V'-HT 


j!7/Ofl2 


'  fU  MiTt  wj  jpMifr  £l-.tVi;4  f'J-''  £••■-'>:  ■'^^'^'  ''/-'!f>i 


^,.    ,1.:.V  ■       (CO^ 


292  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Mr.  Gaudot,  as  the  tobacco  mentioned  by  you.  I  make  every 
possible  prej^aration  for  what  will  contriljute  to  good  progress. 
I  buy  all  kinds  of  goods  which  I  regard  as  useful.  Meanwhile 
I  shall  not  forget  you,  but  will  make  arrangements  to  receive 
you  there  as  best  I  may,  the  sooner  the  better.  With  the  next 
opportunity  1  shall  report  more.  Conmiending  you  to  the 
Divine  providence,  I  remain, 

Yours  read}'  for  service 
^  '  '  ,       .    .    ,  «  .  L.  Michel.  ,  :  , 

Now^  follows  the  second  letter,  sent  from  Annidel  County, 
Maryland,  to  Mr.  Ochs,  dated  May  20 '30,  1704. 

''  Very  Worthy  vSir  and  Friend: — 

I  send  you  this  with  my  friendly  greeting  and  the  hope  that 
you  will  receive  it  in  good  condition  as  a  small  token  of  our 
unchangeable  acquaintance  and  friendship. 

The  great  distance  between  us  does  not  hinder  us  to  renew 
at  times  our  old  oneness  of  mind.  Especially,  since  I  entertain 
the  hope  that  I  shall  soon  be  able  to  receive  such  a  dear  friend 
in  my  calnn,  quickly  erected,  not  indeed  according  to  new 
fashions,  but  in  the  old  simjjlicity.  It  is  not  my  intention  to 
write  at  length,  although  the  material  is  not  wanting,  because 
I  am  still  at  work  to  fulfil  my  promise  to  send,  God  willing, 
next  year  an  elaborate  report  and  guide,  of  which  I  have  made 
a  good  beginning.  I  do  it  with  the  hope  that  those  who  are 
willing  or  intend  to  visit  this  country,  for  the  sal-ce  of  profit, 
curiosity  or  settlement,  will  not  suffer  harm.  It  was  not  possible 
in  this  short  time,  alongside  of  my  private  business  and  jour- 
neys, to  investigate  everything  thoroughly.  Besides  I  am  now 
equipped  to  imdertake  a  new  journey  of  discovery.  I  shall, 
therefore,  as  briefly  as  possible,  give  a  summary  of  what  hajj- 
pened  to  me  hitherto,  fearing  that,  if  I  should  pass  it  by  en- 
tirely with  silence  until  my  undertaking  is  completed,  }'OU 
would  not  receive  it  well,  and  believe  that  I  had  no  regard  for 
our  agreement. 

Regarding  the  journey  from  England,  I  may  say  that  it  was 
very  unpleasant,   partly  because  of  the  inconvenient  winter 


.y. 


w.- 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  293 

time.  On  August  20th  of  last  year,  I  went  on  board  of  the 
"Hopewell"  at  Gravesend.  Contrary  winds  kept  us  at  Dunes 
[Downs],  Portsmouth  and  other  places  till  the  beginning  of 
October.  On  the  4th  of  that  month,  we  lost  sight  of  the  land. 
For  a  time  we  had  a  great  heat  and  calm,  because  we  were 
so  far  south,  namely  on  the  27th  degree.  We  spent  a  long  time 
making  but  little  progress,  until  we  came  farther  north,  where 
we  had  such  unusually  long  drawn-out  winds  for  five  weeks, 
with  the  exception  of  a  few  days,  that  the  ships  could  not  keep 
company  together.  Such  distressing  weather  scattered  our 
fleet  in  such  a  way  that  even  now  ships  are  still  arriving,  which, 
because  of  lack  of  water,  loss  of  masts,  sickness  and  other  acci- 
dents were  compelled  to  seek  land  at  the  Bermudas,  Barbados, 
Carolina  and  other  places.  More  than  enough  has  already  been 
reported  about  the  loss  of  the  ships.  The  governor  of  this 
province  was  on  board  of  the  commander's  ship,  which  arrived 
here  only  four  weeks  ago.  We  were  100  sails  strong,  among 
\\'hich  were  four  warships,  but  several  left  us  and  sailed  to 
Guinea.  As  to  our  ship,  it  was  one  of  the  best,  namely  the 
second  to  reach  land,  on  January  the  16th.  Such  a  long  and 
dangerous  passage  is  unusual.  My  daily  Journal,  containing 
all  the  details,  will  follow  with  the  next  opportunity.  (16)  We 
found  such  unusual  cold  here,  even  five  da}'s  ago,  as  I  have 
never  experienced.  Most  of  the  rivers  were  frozen  and  hence 
I  had  to  postpone  my  trip  to  Pennsylvania  till  si)ring  and  had 
to  take  a  house.  As  my  long  stay  in  Holland  and  England  gave 
me  an  opportunity  to  buy  all  kinds  of  necessaries  of  life,  the 
inhabitants  soon  learned  of  it.  Besides,  European  goods  and 
wares  are  very  expensive  in  war  times,  but  especially  this  year. 
They  compelled  me  almost  to  exhibit  them.  Contrar}'  to  ex- 
pectation they  were  taken  with  a  rush  and  with  good  profit, 
and  the  statement  was  made  that  so  many  useful  things  had 
never  been  seen  here  before.  What  kind  of  goods  should  be 
brought  here  and  what  other  things  are  necessary,  will  be  re- 
ported as  stated  above. 

(16)     This  Journal  of  Michel  has  not  been  preserved.     At  least  it  is 
not  in  the  city  library  of  Berne. 


&es 


iinS 


■=XO   V) 


294  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

After  1  had  sold  most  of  my  wares,  I  traveled  with  the  rest  to 
Pennsylvania,  about  60  hours  [180  miles]  distant  from  here. 
With  the  exception  of  8  English  miles  it  is  possible  to  go  there 
by  water.  After  my  arrival  I  sold  the  rest  of  my  merchandise 
even  more  advantageously  than  in  Maryland.  Nothing  is  sold 
under  50  per  cent  profit, most  goods  bring  more  than  100  ]jercent. 
How  easily,  then,  can  one,  who  knows  business  here,  make 
money  I 

I-'hiladelphia  is  a  city  twenty-two  years  old,  whose  growth  and 
fame  is  to  be  preferred  to  most  English-American  cities.  I  was 
astonished  to  see  the  diilerence,  compared  \\ith  other  cities  of 
this  country,  with  regard  to  her  size,  splendid  edifices,  daily 
construction  of  new  houses  and  ships,  the  regularity  of  the 
streets,  the  abundance  of  provisions,  at  a  much  cheaper  price 
than  in  the  neighboring  cities.  But  the  strongest  reason,  why 
there  is  such  an  influx  of  people  from  other  provinces  is  i)artly 
due  to  the  liberty  which  all  strangers  enjoy  in  commerce,  belief 
and  settlement,  as  each  one  understands  it,  and  also  because 
the  money  has  50  per  cent  more  value.  Six  miles  from  there 
lies  a  large  village,  a  mile  long,  named  Germantown,  where 
almost  all  the  inhabitants  are  Germans.  A  Frankfort  company 
bought  30,000  acres  of  land  with  this  object,  that,  when  they 
and  their  people  should  be  compelled  through  war,  religion  or 
other  accidents  to  leave  their  homes  and  country,  they  might 
there  find  a  certain  and  secure  dwelling  jjlacc. 

Among  other  acquaintances  I  met  there  the  prefect  IMatheys 
of  Heimbhausen  ( 1 7)  and  the  sons  of  the  gunsmith  Bondeli ,  ( 18)  who 

(17)  According  to  information,  kindly  furnished  by  Prof,  von  Miilinen, 
the  full  name  of  this  man  was  Hans  Conrad  Matthey,  who  from  1674-lOSO 
was  bailiff  of  Wanton.  He  owned  an  estate  at  Heim  (en)  hausen,  not 
far  from  Berne,  which  his  son-in-law,  Hans  Jacob  Lerber,  inherited 
in  1703.  With  this  information  at  hand,  it  is  possible  to  identify  this 
man.  He  is  the  well  known  Conrad  Matthaei,  the  last  leader  of  the 
Hermits  on  the  Wissahickon.  They  had  erected  a  Monastery  on  the 
Ridge  now  within  the  city  limits  of  Philadelphia.  Matthaei  himself 
lived  as  a  recluse  in  a  rude  hut  till  his  death  in  August  174S  See  Sachse, 
German  Pietis  of  Pe}insylvania,  Vol.  I,  pp.  388-401. 

(18)  Prof,  von  Miilinen  gives  the  following  information  about  the 
family  of  the  gunsmith  Bondeli  (or  Bundeli):  "John  Bundeli  was  bailiff 
of  Aarwangen,  his  son  Abraham  B.,  a  gunsmith,  born  1G17;  his  son,  David, 
B,  a  gunsmith,  who  lived  about  lf)80,  married  to  Elisa  Dick.  They  had 
a  son  who  died  in  Pennsylvania."  It  is  the  last  to  whom  Michel  refers 
in  his  letter. 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  295 

arrived  here  some  time  ago  from  New  England.  As  they  have 
been  rather  inexperienced  in  their  undertaking,  they  have  had 
but  Httle  profit  thus  far,  but  they  entertain,  nevertheless,  good 
hope  and  they  have  brought  their  newl}'-bought  farm  of  100 
acres  (which  they  bought  for  the  sum  of  20  doubloons)  into 
fairly  good  condition.  I  found  the  place  very  convenient, 
partly  because  it  is  so  near  to  the  city,  partly  because  it  is  just 
like  living  in  Germany.  Three  large  tracts  of  land  of  equal 
size,  were  for  sale  for  a  small  sum,  adjoining  each  other.  I  found 
this  place  so  convenient,  that  I  fixed  my  designs  on  it,  awaiting 
a  better  opportvmity,  with  the  jjurpose  of  living  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  aforesaid  estates.  The  reason  why  I  have  gone  to 
Maryland  is  to  collect  my  outstanding  debts  completely.  But 
especially  because  of  my  joumc)',  which  is  about  to  begin  to  the 
rather  unknown  western  regions,  of  which  the  Indians  here  have 
wonders  to  tell,  on  account  of  their  high  mountains,  wann 
waters,  rich  minerals,  fruitftil  lands,  large  streams  and  abundance 
of  game  which  is  found  there.  To  that  end  I  associated  myself 
wiih  eight  well  experienced  Englishmen  and  four  Indians,  taking 
along  eight  horses,  two  of  which  are  to  carry  skins  at  my  o\mi 
expense.  Although  we  are  talcing  provisions  for  only  six  days, 
we  do  not  expect  to  return  before  four  weeks.  The  game  is  so 
abundant  that  daily  more  can  be  caught  than  we  can  use. 
Some  of  the  company,  including  myself,  have  the  intention  to 
take  uj)  land,  if  it  is  feasible,  some  go  to  hunt,  some  to  discover 
mines,  I  for  my  part  to  satisfy  my  old  curiosity,  to  seek  out  un- 
known things  and  to  collect  the  wonders  of  nature,  as  I  have  al- 
ready a  large  number  of  pieces,  which  cannot  be  examined  with- 
out astonishment.  Last  e\'ening  I  shot  two  ragun  [raccoons] 
on  a  tree.  I  have  also  a  live  bossoon  [opossum].  It  carries  its 
young  in  an  open  pocket,  which  it  opens  and  closes  at  will. 

I  am  altogether  of  the  opinion  that  the  government  [of  Berne] 
as  well  as  private  persons  will  most  of  them  in  time  get  a  better 
knowledge  of  this  country.  How  praiseworthy  and  easy  would 
it  be  to  send  out  a  colony  lilce  other  nations,  which  would  be  a 
greater  glory  and  jjraise  for  our  country  than  to  send  a  large 
number,  for  the  sake  of  money,  to  slaughter  in  battle.  We 
think  that  it  is  an  honor.     Other  nations,  however,  speak  of  it 


28& 


■.ijdii 


296  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

differently.  What  else  can  be  the  intention  of  Hollanders, 
Swedes,  Finns,  Germans  and  other  nations,  which  send  people 
to  this  country,  than  to  make  use  of  such  places  in  case  of  nec- 
essity. I  have  already  had  opportunity  to  remark  sufificiently, 
how  \\dllingly  the  English  government  \\'ould  consent  to  this. 
Who  has  more  reason  to  look  for  expansion  and  places  of  re- 
treat than  our  country  r  I  cannot  think  othen\'ise  than  that  the 
government  acts  culpably  in  not  assisting  in  this  matter  with 
w^ord  and  deed  the  many  em].)ty  hands  and  hungry  mouths. 
It  would  be  easy  to  present  a  memorial  to  the  English  cro\\'n, 
the  answer  would  soon  show  whether  it  is  feasible  or  not.  It  is 
a  great  pity  that  such  a  large  country,  suitable  for  all  kinds  of 
fruits,  remains  unsettled.  But  it  is  necessary  that  people 
should  not  be  deceived  by  some  who  came  to  this  country,  not 
knowing  ^^'hy  they  came  and  who  had  empty  and  lazy  hands. 
Such  people  are  an  injury  and  obstacle  to  many  others.  But 
how  do  those  get  along,  of  whom  a  considerable  number  are  to 
be  found  here,  who  not  only  bring  nothing  into  the  country, 
but  are  even  bound  out  for  a  certain  time  to  serve,  and  yet  in  a 
few  years  acquire  more  than  would  be  possible  to  do  in  tl'ic  l)est 
countries  ? 

There  is  absolutely  no  hunger  among  the  peojjle,  Ijut  the 
cattle  suffered  much  want  this  spring,  yet  only  among  those 
who  owned  too  large  a  niunber  of  them,  and  who  had  no  sufficient 
supply  of  fodder  for  the  long  winter.  One  man  who  o\\ned  103 
heads  of  cattle  lost  102  heads,  the  last  he  gave  away  tor  nothing. 

I  must  close,  commending  it  to  your  discretion  to  do  in  this 
matter  as  your  sound  judgment  will  decide.  I  ask  you  to 
assure  Messrs.  Gaudard,  Ritter,  Noblemen  von  Graviset  and 
the  other  good  friends  and  acquaintances  of  niy  respect  and 
willingness  to  ser\'e.  I  intended  to  write  a  niiml;)er  of  letters, 
but  the  near  departure  of  the  ships  and  m\'  own  journey  pre- 
vented me.  In  future  I  shall  have  more  material  to  write. 
I  am  at  a  very  inconvenient  place,  regarding  ])aper  and  ink, 
which  I  secured  with  difhcvilty.  (The  ink  was  made  altogether 
of  gun  powder).  I  hope  to  receive  a  letter  from  you  during 
the  next  spring  sent  to  the  enclosed  address.  Meanwhile  I 
assure  My  Lord  of  m>'  service  and  friendship  and  remain, 

Yours  ready  for  ser\ice, 
L.  Michel. 


THE    JOURNEY    OF    FRANCIS    LOUIS    MICHEL.  297 

[In  this  letter  the  thought  of  sending  a  Swiss  colony  to  Amer- 
ica is  clearly  expressed.  Alichcl  also  mentions  for  the  first  time 
George  Ritter,  a  councillor  of  the  city  of  Berne.  The  latter 
proceeded  to  carry  out  the  suggestion  of  IMichel  and  undertook 
to  organize  a  Swiss  colony  for  America.  On  March  19,  1705, 
he  submitted  the  following  petition  to  the  Council  of  Berne]: 

Respectful  Petition  to  the  Mayor  and  Council,  made  by 
George  Ritter,  Druggist,  of  Benie: — 

Your  Lordship's  obedient  citizen,  George  Ritter(19),  druggist, 
begs  to  submit  herewith  in  all  humility  that  he  plans  to  trans- 
port himself  with  a  colony  of  four  to  five  hundred  persons  from 
here  to  Pennsylvania,  in  America,  under  the  English  crown  and 
to  settle  there,  if  it  will  be  acceptable  to  and  please  her  Royal 
Majesty  in  England  to  concede  and  grant  most  graciously  to 
him  and  to  his  comjjanions  the  enclosed  articles  of  agreement. 
Now,  in  order  that  your  petitioner  and  his  companions  may  all 
the  more  surely  and  certainly  gain  their  intended  puq)Ose,  he 
requests  your  Lordships  in  his  and  in  all  his  associates'  name 
that  you  will  be  pleased  to  grant  them  graciously  not  only  the 
necessary  permission  of  the  government,  but  also  aid  them  that 
the  enclosed  articles,  proposed  by  them  (which  we  meanwhile 
submit  to  your  most  wise  correction  and  appro\'al),  will  be  sent 
to  the  English  envoy,  now  residing  in  the  Cantons,  to  transmit 
them  to  his  government;  and  that  at  the  same  time  they  may 
be  accompanied  with  your  strong  and  weighty  recommendation, 
so  that  we  may  all  the  better  secure  their  acceptance.  For  this 
favor,  granted  by  you,  your  petitioner  and  his  associates  will 
implore  the  Highest,  that  your  noble  Lordshii^s  in  all  >our 
blessed  undertakings  may  continue  to  flourish  forever. 

[This  petition  was  accompanied  by  the  following  ])roi)osals, 
written  in  French,  which  Mr.  Ritter  sent  to  the  Marquis  Du 
Quesnes  at  Gene\'a.  The  proposals,  translated  into  English, 
read  as  follows] : 

(19)  George  Ritter,  son  of  Jacob  Ritter  and  Magdalena  Gouttes, 
was  baptized  August  S,  1007.  He  was  a  druggist  by  profession.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  twice  in  America.  He  was  married  to  Elizalicth 
Gaudard,  daughter  of  Commissioner  Samuel  Gaudard.  He  died  without 
issue.     See  Berner  Taschenbucli,   IS'.IS,  p.   MS. 


res 


'1 

•a 

f 


298  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

TO  THE  QUEEN. 

George  Ritter,  citizen  of  the  city  of  Berne,  submits  with  pro- 
found respect,  wliich  is  due  to  }'our  Majesty,  that  the  Noble 
Francis  Louis  Michel,  citizen  of  the  said  city,  having  settled  at 
a  favorable  opportunity  in  Pennsylvania,  has  induced  your 
petitioner  to  solicit  a  number  of  persons  of  the  laudable  Canton 
of  Benie,  to  go  and  settle  near  him  in  America,  and  having  a 
desire  for  this,  after  having  obtained  the  permission  of  the 
noble  Lordships  of  the  laudable  Canton;  said  Ritter  has  been 
charged,  in  the  name  of  all,  to  entreat  most  himibly  your 
Majesty  to  give  your  consent  to  the  establishment  which  is 
proposed  to  be  made  of  a  Swiss  colony  and  which  is  intended 
to  be  formed,  in  order  to  settle  some  land  located  either  in 
Pennsylvania  or  on  the  frontiers  of  Virginia,  with  the  Divine 
assistance  and  the  royal  and  powerful  protection  of  your 
Majesty.  This  colony  may  number  at  first  from  four  to  five 
hundred  Swi.ss  i)crsons.  Reformed  Protestants,  as  many  mer- 
chants and  manufacturers  as  agriculturists.  In  whose  behalf 
the  said  Ritter,  who  acts  for  them,  petitions  your  Majesty  most 
htunbly  to  grant  them,  if  it  is  your  pleasure, 

THE  FOLLOWING  CONDITIONS: 

1.  That  they  be  treated  and  regarded  as  the  true  subjects  of 
your  Majesty. 

2.  That  to  this  colony  be  granted  a  district  of  land,  well 
situated  as  regards  climate,  soil  and  water;  near  some  river, 
navigable  for  commerce. 

3.  That  to  each  person  be  given  100  acres  of  land  in  the  said 
settlement,  which  shall  be  named  Berne. 

4.  That  materials  for  building  be  conveyed  to  the  place 
which  will  be  convenient. 

5.  That  there  be  full  liberty  to  trade,  as  the  natives  of  the 
country,  as  well  as  other  subjects  of  your  Alajesty  have. 

G.  That  they  be  exempted  from  all  taxes  during  the  first  six 
years  of  their  settlement,  after  that,  that  they  shall  pay  them 
as  the  other  subjects  of  your  Alajesty.  ■ 


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THE   JOURNEY    OF   FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  299 

7.  That  they  shall  have  liberty  to  choose  ministers  of  the 
Gos])el,  officers  of  justice  and  the  ])olice,  at  all  times  under  the 
direction  of  the  Governor,  whom  your  Majesty  will  have  ap- 
pointed in  that  country. 

8.  That,  after  having  prayed  publicly  for  your  Majesty,  they 
be  permitted  to  pray  also  for  their  noble  Lordships  of  the  Re- 
public of  Berne,  who  have  the  honor  to  be  allied  with  your 
Majesty. 

9.  That  the  same  favors  and  privileges  will  be  accorded  later 
also  to  all  those  who  in  future  will  come  from  Switzerland,  to 
enlarge  their  colony,  notably  those  from  the  Canton  of  Berne. 

10.  And  as  this  colony  will  not  be  able  to  pay  the  expenses 
of  their  voyage  to  America,  your  Majesty  is  most  humbly 
petitioned  to  have  the  goochiess  to  give  orders  that  said  colony 
be  conducted  thither  with  every  possible  safety,  in  such  a  way 
that  it  may  embark  at  Rotterdam  in  Holland  and  that  it  be 
transported,  at  the  expense  of  your  Majesty,  to  the  place  ap- 
pointed for  their  settlement.  To  that  end,  said  Ritter,  being 
advised  in  time,  will  betake  himself,  with  the  help  of  God,  with 
said  colony  to  Rotterdam,  at  the  time  which  shall  be  appointed 
for  him. 

Meanwhile  said  Ritter  and  his  associates  i^ray  God  most 
fervently  for  the  happy  and  long  presei-\-ation  of  the  sacred 
person  of  your  Majesty,  for  the  prosperity  of  your  flourishing 
kingdoms  and  for  the  glory  of  }'our  \ictorious  anns. 

[These  proposals  were  examined  by  Du  Quesne,  corrcK;ted 
by  him  in  some  unessential  details  and  sent  back  to  Berne. 
Then  a  "clean  copy"  was  made  of  them,  which  was  sent  to 
England  to  be  submitted  to  the  Coimcillors  of  the  Queen. 

The  Council  of  Berne  addressed  Mr.  William  Agliomby,  the 
English  envoy  at  Zurich,  on  March  19,  1705.  His  answer  was 
received  on  April  3,  1705.  There  is  also  presented  a  letter  of 
Agliomby,  dated  London,  September  1 1 ,  1705 ;  further  a  memoir, 
presented  to  the  EngHsh  envoy,  Mr.  Stanian,  dated  August  25, 
1706,  a  letter  addressed  to  Mr.  George  Ritter,  merchant  at 
Berne  from  Wrest  in  Bedfordshire,  dated  March  15,  1707.  The 
writer,  Mr.  Gaudot,  mentions  in  it  Mr.  Oks.     Finally  in  a  letter 


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300 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


of  George  Ritter  to  Mr.  Stanian,  the  suggestion  is  made  that, 
if  ParUament  be  unwilling  to  naturalize  the  whole  colony,  the 
directors  of  the  colony,  namely  Francis  Louis  Michel,  John 
Rudolf  Ochs  and  George  Ritter,  be  naturalized.  This  letter 
is  followed  in  the  original  Ms.  by  another  plan  of  an  agreement 
without  date  and  signature,  addressed  to  the  English  govern- 
ment, in  which  a  petition  is  made  to  appoint  a  commission. 
This  petition  may  have  led  to  the  instruction  or  commission 
referred  to  in  the  following  letter  of  Mr.  Michel  to  George 
Ritter :] 

To  IMr.  George  Ritter,  Merchant  at  Berne. 

Virginia,  the  24th  of  September  1708. 

This  present  letter  is  only  to  advise  you  that  I  have  carried 
out  satisfactorily  the  commission  which  was  given  to  me  by  our 
gentlemen  at  Berne,  and  wheras,  I  have  not  had  any  payment 
from  you  since  I  have  amved  in  America,  I  have  drawn  on  you 
to-day  for  two  hundred  pounds  sterling,  payable  to  the  order 
of  Mr.  Jean  Monbeaux  in  London,  to  whom  I  pray  you  to  do  me 
the  honor  of  referring  me  upon  my  arrival  in  London(20),  in 
order  to  inform  you  of  all  my  progress.     Awaiting  yours  I  am 

Luys  Michel. 


[A  further  report  of  Mr.  Michel  to  George  Ritter  is  dated 
America,  December  14—25,  1708,  of  which  the  following  sum- 
mary has  been  preserved:] 


A  Report  of  Mr.  Michel  from  America, 
dated  December  14 — 25,  1708,  to  Mr.  George  Ritter,  merchant 
in  Berne,  in  which,  in  addition  to  the  publications  already  sent 
over,  others  are  transmitted.  He  urges  that  the  business  of  the 
colony  be  conducted  with  zeal  now,  when  the  most  favorable 
moment  has  come  and  many  members  of  the  government  and 
of  parliament  are  at  Court,  during  the  winter  season.  He  makes 
the  suggestion  that  the  articles  of  agreement,  formerly  drawn 
up,  be  not  presented,  but  that  properly  quaUfied  commissioners 

(20)     This  sentence  shows  that  Michel  intended  to  return  to  England, 
which  intention  he  carried  out  in  the  year  170S. 


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l'  J  THE  JOURNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  301 

be  sent  and  that  full  authority  be  j^nven  them  to  carry  on  the 
negotiations  i^ersonally  and  to  remove  every  obstacle  as  may 
be  found  necessary,  for  plans  may  be  sent  from  a  distance,  but 
they  cannot  be  carried  out  at  a  distance  as  well  as  near  at  hand. 
He  then  mentions,  in  connection  with  other  statements,  that 
Mr.  Robert  Collie  fCallie]  of  Aldemiary  Church  Yard,  himself 
as  well  as  other  distinguished  friends  and  acquaintances,  was 
not  a  little  inclined  to  promote  the  project.  He  advises  that 
he  [Ritter]  send  him  a  letter,  outlining  the  project,  since  he 
could,  without  doubt, accomplish  much,  and  that  in  future  letters 
be  sent  to  him  [Michel]  through  this  patron  instead  of  through 
Monsieur  Mondant,  whose  large  business  was  already  causing 
him  a  heavy  correspondence. 

(The  story  of  Michel  is  continued  in  the  Journals  of  Christ- 
opher Graffenried,  of  ^^'hich  the  original  German  and  French 
texts (21)  were  recently  ijublished  by  Prof.  Faust  of  Cornell 
University  in  the  "German  American  Annals,"  Vol.  XI,  (1013), 
pp.  210-312  (German  text);  and  Vol.  XII  (1914)  pp.  04-190 
(French  text).  According  to  the  German  version  of  Graffenried 's 
journal,  Michel  returned  to  Berne  in  1708,  where  he  met 
Graffenried,  to  whom  he  related  with  evident  enthusiasm  his 
American  experiences.  Graffenried  states  with  regard  to  this 
interview:  "Of  late  I  received  a  more  accurate  report  of  the 
American  countries  from  a  citizen  of  this  city,  who  had  been  in 
America  for  five  or  six  years.  He  infomied  me  what  a  glorious 
country  it  is,  how  cheap,  what  liberty,  what  large  growth,  good 
business,  rich  mines  and  other  good  things  it  has.  He  told 
me  especially  what  beautifvd  silver  mines  he  has  found  and  dis- 

(21)  Four  copies  of  the  journals  of  Graffenried,  describing  the  found- 
ing of  New  Berne,  are  in  existence.  The  first,  in  French,  is  in  the  public 
library  of  Yverdun,  Switzerland.  A  literal  English  translation  appeared 
in  the  Colonial  Records  of  North  Carolijia,  Vol.  I  (1S8G),  pp.  905-9S5.  The 
second,  in  German,  is  in  the  possession  of  Prof.  W.  F.  von  Mulinen,  city 
librarian  of  Berne.  The  German  text  was  published  by  Prof.  Faust. 
The  third,  in  French,  the  m.ost  complete  of  all,  in  the  handwriting  of 
Graffenried  himself,  is  also  in  the  possession  of  Prof,  von  Miilinen  of 
Berne.  It  was  also  published  by  Prof.  Faust.  The  fourth,  in  French, 
is  a  copy  of  a  letter,  written  by  GrafTenried  on  January  4,  1712,  to  Gov- 
ernor Hyde  of  North  Carolina.  It  includes  also  the  copy  of  a  treaty 
made  between  Graffenried  and  the  Tuscarora  Indians  in  October  1711, 
and  the  copy  of  a  letter  written  by  Governor  Spottswood,  on  October  8, 
1711,  to  the  Indians,  who  held  Graffenried  captive. 


302  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

covered."  As  Graff enried  was  deep  in  debt  and  saw  no  opF>or- 
tunity  to  improve  his  condition  in  Switzerland,  the  prospect 
of  opening  up  silver  mines  seemed  to  him  exceedingly  attractive. 
It  is,  therefore,  not  surprizing  that  he  accepted  "the  beautiful 
propositions  of  the  above-named  citizen."  As  later  events 
clearly  showed, these  propositions  were  to  the  effect  that  Graff  en- 
ried should  conduct  a  Swiss  colony  to  the  banks  of  the  Potomac 
river,  where  Michel  claimed  to  have  taken  up  land.  A  map, 
drawn  by  Graffenried,  is  still  in  existence,  which  illustrates 
this  colonization  scheme.  Two  settlements  were  contemplated 
along  the  Potomac,  one  below  the  falls  of  the  Potomac,  in  the 
triangle  formed  by  the  Potomac  and  the  Gold  Creek.  The 
other  settlement  was  to  be  near  the  Indian  village  Canavest, 
along  the  upper  banks  of  the  Potomac  river (22).  jMorcover, 
a  correspondence  was  begun  with  German  miners,  and,  on  the 
way  back  to  Holland,  Michel  had  an  interview  with  the  head- 
miner,  who  was  authorized  to  procure  all  the  necessary  tools 
and  implements  for  mining.  To  carry  out  this  scheme  Graffen- 
ried left  Switzerland  in  1708,  and  went  to  England.  There  he 
met  influential  friends  who  encouraged  him  in  his  colonization 
scheme.  Two  events  happened  about  this  time  which  turned 
the  enterprize  into  a  different  direction.  A  Swiss  colonization 
society,  a  stock  company,  called  Ritter  &  Co.,  had  been  formed, 
which  Graffenried  was  persuaded  to  join  and  to  which  the  pro- 
prietaries of  Carolina  made  very  favorable  offers (23), ^in  order 

(22)  See  the  French  Diary  of  Graffenried  in  German  American  Annals, 
Vol.  XII,  p.  166. 

(23)  GratTenried  concludes  the  third  of  the  Journals,  menlioned  in 
the  last  note,  with  the  following  sentence:  "It  is  true,  that,  besides  the 
beautiful  promises  of  [Surveyor  General]  Lawson,  the  Vjeautiful  promises 
of  the  Lord  Proprietors  [of  North  Carolina]  were  the  cause  which  in- 
duced us  to  establish  the  colony  first  of  all  in  North  Carolina."  In 
1708  Lawson  was  in  England,  where  he  met  Michel.  He  refers  to  him  in 
his  History:  "My  ingenious  friend,  Mr.  Francis  Louis  Mitchell,  of  Bern 
in  Switzerland,  has  been  for  several  years,  very  indefatigable  and  strict 
in  his  discoveries  amongst  those  vast  ledges  of  mountains  and  spaciou.-i 
tracts  of  land,  lying  towards  the  heads  of  the  great  bays  and  rivers  of 
Virginia,  Maryland  and  Pennsylvania,  where  he  has  discovered  a  spacious 
country  inhabited  by  none  but  the  savages,  and  not  many  of  them,  who 
yet  are  of  a  very  friendly  nature  to  the  Christians.  This  gentleman  has 
been  employed  by  the  Canton  of  Bern  to  find  out  a  tract  of  land  in  the 
English  America,  where  that  republic  might  settle  some  of  their  jjeople, 
which  proposal,  I  believe,  is  now  in  a  fair  way  towards  a  conclusion  be- 
tween lier  Majesty  of  Great  Britain  and  that  cantun,  which  niu-^t  needs 
be  of  great  advantage  to  both."  See  Lawson,  History  of  Carolina,  cd. 
Raleigh  ISGO,  p.  334. 


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THE  JORNEY  OF  FRANCIS   LOUIS  MICHEL.  303 

to  induce  the  Swiss  colonists  to  settle  in  Carolina.  About  this 
same  time,  in  the  spring  of  1709,  a  large  immigration  of  Ger- 
mans into  England  took  place,  variously  estimated  from  10,000- 
15,000.  Of  these  Graffcnried  was  permitted  to  select  GOO  i)er- 
sons,  to  which  later  50  more  were  added.  These  were  sent  to 
North  Carolina,  where  they  were  settled  at  the  confluence  of  the 
Trent  and  Neuse  rivers,  and  the  settlement  was  called  New 
Benie.(24)  Graffenried  and  Michel  were  not  with  this  first  colony 
They  came  with  the  second  contingent,  consisting  of  about  120 
Swiss  emigrants,  who  left  England  in  July  1710  and  reached 
Carolina  in  September  of  that  year.  The  mining  scheme  of 
Michel  and  Graffenried  never  materialized,  but  the  miners 
whom  they  engaged  actually  came  to  Virginia  in  the  spring  of 
1714  and  were  settled  by  Governor  Spotwsood,  at  Germanna, 
to  work  the  Governor's  iron  mine  there.] 

Additions  and  Corrections. 

Page  30,  note  49.  For  the  };roi)osed  identification  of  Col. 
Bornn  with  Col.  Wm.  Byrd,  the  following  passage  of  Beverly's 
History  may  be  quoted:  "This  gentleman  has  for  a  long  time 
been  extremely  respected,  and  fear'd  by  all  the  Indians  round 
about,  who  without  knowing  the  name  of  any  Governor,  have 
ever  been  kept  in  order  by  him."     Beverly,  History,  1705,111,36. 

Page  37,  1.  30.  In  connection  with  the  four  kinds  of  squir- 
rels mentioned  by  Michel,  it  may  be  noted  that  Lawson,  in 
his  History  of  Carolina,  ed.  18G0,  p.  204,  mentions  also  four 
kinds:  fox  squirrels,  English  squinx4s,  ground  squiiTcls  and 
frying  squirrels. 

Page  122,  note  13.  Of  Beverly's  History  of  Virginia,  the 
edition  of  1705  has  been  used  throughout,  not  1725,  as  given  by 
mistal-:e. 

Page  122,  note  14.     Read  Aargau  instead  of  Aargan. 

Page  12b,  I.  22,  read  cavalry  instead  of  calvary. 

Page  138,  note  42,  read  Orvieton  instead  of  Orvicton  and 
Orvieto  instead  of  Orvicto. 

L.  140,  note  44,  read  trypano.soma  instead  of  tryfonosonia. 

(■-4)  For  the  history  of  the  Nt-w  Nerne  Col(jny  see  Prof,  von  Miilinen's 
authoritative  account,  based  entirely  on  Mss.  sources:  Christoph  von 
Graffenried ;  Landgraf  von  Carolina,  Cr under  von  Neu-Beni,  Born  1806. 
Based  on  it  is  Prof.  Vincent  It.  Todd's  monograph  Christoph  von  Graffen- 
ried and  the  Founding  of  Neiu  Bern,  N.  C,  published  in  Vol.  XII  (1(112) 
pj).  l-lL':!  of  the  yearbook  of  the  Gernicui-Anierican  Historical  Socii-ty 
of  Illinois. 


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304  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


COUNCIL  PAPERS  1698-1702 


From  Ori^'inal  Volume  in  Virginia  State  Library 
(Continued) 
Virginia:  William  Byrd  Audito"^  to  His  Alaj*^^  Revenue  of 
two  Shill^  for  every  lih''  of  To]:)acco  exported  out  of  this  Colony 
of  Virginia,  &  15"^  p  tunn  for  every  Shipp  tradeing  here  &  Six 
pence  p''  pole  for  every  p  son  imported  into  this  Colony,  &  the 
forfeiture  here  due  to  lii.s  Maj'^  for  One  Yeare  Ending  y-'  17"' 
Aug«»  1G98: 

To  Ralph  Wormeley  Esq'  Collector  of  Rappa-  is  D"" 

hannock  District  his  Acco^  of  two  Shilb  p  hh*^  to    £        s       d 

this  day.. - --    70S.     8.  00 

To  his  Acco*  of  Port  Duties  &  head  money.. 180.  13.  00 

To   Collo.   Edmund  Jenings  Collector  of  Yorke 

District— his  Acco*  of  two  Shill^phlA.-. 706.  15.  01 

To  his  Acco'  of  Port  Duties  and  head  money 195.  04.  03 

To  Collo.  Edward  Hill  Collecto'  of  y'^  Upper  Dis- 
trict of  James  River  his  Acco*  of  two  Shill^  p  hh'^  601.  12.  07 

TohisAcco^  of  port  Duties  and  head  money 103.  14.  3 

To  Collo.  Xtopher  Wormeley  (by  ]\P  Griffin  his 
Deputy)  Collecto''  of  the  lower  District  of  Poto- 

mackhisAcco^of  twoShilPphh'i 165.  02.  00 

To  his  Acco^  of  port  Duties..... 66.  15.  73^2 

To  Collo.  Richard  Lee  Collecto'of  the  Upper  Dis- 
trict of  Potomack  his  Acco'  of  2=*  p  hh'' 287.     3.     8 

To  his  Acco^  of  Port  Duties  and  head  money 56.  10.     9 

To  M""  Peter  Heyman  Collecto"'  of  the  Lower  Dis- 
trict of  James  River  his  Acco^  of  2«  p  hh'^ 261.  02.  04 

To  his  Acco'  of  Port  Duties  and  head  money 89.  08.  03 

To  Cap*  William  Randolph  Ex'  of  M'  Hugh  Davis 
late   Deputy   CoUecto'  of  y'-   Lower  district  of 

James  River  his  Acco*  of  2^  p  hh^ 68.  09.  09 

To  his  Acco'  of  Port  Duties 18.  04.  09 

To   Coll'o   Charies   Scarbrough   Collect'   of    the 

Easteme  Shore  District  his  Acco^  of  2'  p  hh'^.. 152.  12.  00 

To  his  Acco'  of  Port  Duties  and  head  money ^50._12^  06 

(To  be  Continued)  3712.  08.09i^ 


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NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  '  -    '  305 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Greensville  Co.  AI.arriage  Binds. 

Compiled  by  Mrs.  J.  O.  James,  Peter.sburg,  Va. 

John  Heath  &  Lucy  Young,  Feb.  13th,  171S7. 
Nathaniel  Heath  &  Sarah  Collier,  Mar.  12th,  17S2. 
Absalom  Harris  &  Clara  Jeter,  Dec.  1-lth,  1785. 
Edward  Harrison  &  Frances  Wilburn,  July  10th,  17S7. 
James  Hinton  &  Winny  Rives,  Dec.  l(jth,  17SG. 
Reuben  Harris  &  Mary  Rawlings,  Oct.  IDlh,  17S5. 
Meshack  Hitchcock  &  Elizabeth  Jones,  Dec.  2o,  1789. 
Howell  Heathcock  &  Mary  Woodall,  Jan.  30,  17Sli.        ; 
Richard  Harrison  &  Dolly  Harrison,  Aug.  23,  1789. 
\Vm.  Holt  &  Frances  Mabry,  July  26,  1786. 
Dudley  Hargrove  &  Polly  Coalman,  Jan.  19,  1791. 
Peyton  Harwell  &  Sarah  P.  Batte,  Feb.  5,  1790. 
Joel  Heathcock  &  Nancy  Heathcock,  Dec.  24,  1795. 
John  Harrison  &  Rebecca  Dillshay,  Sept.  21,  1793. 
Reuben  Heathcock  &  Mary  Jones,  Aug.  6,  1793. 
John  Hunt  &  Agnes  Sills,  Nov.  18,  1790. 
Colley  Heathcock  &  Grief  Jeffrie,  July  24,  1794. 
John  Harwell  &  Ann  Spencer!  July  24,  1794. 
Richard  Hall  &  Martha  House,  May  4,  1799. 
John  Hall  &  Elizabeth  Jordan,  Oct.  1,  1802. 
John  Heath  &  Wihnuth  Richards,  Dec.  27,  1800. 
Robert  Harris  &  Ann  Lancaster,  Dec.  7,  1789. 
Joseph  Harrison  &  Elizabeth  Ferguson,  Aug.  31,  1786. 
Jess  Hart  &  Lucy  Cato,  Dec.  17,  1787. 
Wm.  Harwel  &  Oney  Smith. 

Edwin  Howard  &  Nancy  Goodwyn,  Dec.  26,  1794. 
Sterling  Harris  &  Patsy  Woodruff. 
Wm.  Harris  &  Francis  Bran.scomb,  Feb.  4,  1793. 
Simon  Harris  &  Rebecca  Davis,  Mar.  22,  1791. 
James  Hailey  &  Anne  Person,  Mar.  22,  1790. 
Hugh  Hall  &  Amey  Tyus,  Apr.  13,  1797. 
James  Harrison  &  Susanna  Jones,  Dec.  4,  1801. 

I 

Abel  Israel  &  Sarah  Whitehoni,  Mar.  3,  1786.       -'    , 


.J]        M 


.d^l     ,t 


(A 


306  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Lattna  Jones  &  Lucretia  Night,  Nov.  10,  1788. 
Archilles  Jeffie  &  Mary  Wall,  Mar.  15,  1783. 
Drury  Jeffrie  &  Silvia  Scott,  Jan.  28,  1790. 
Nathan  Jeffrie  &  Clary  Jeffrie,  June  23,  1791. 
Benjamin  Jordan  &  Eliza  Clark,  Aug.  27,  1801. 
Benjamin  Johnson  &  Polly  Foster,  Mar.  16,  1802. 
Wm.  Jones  &  Martha  Loftin,  Mar.  11,  1797. 
Ben.  Jones  &  Martha  Rivers,  Oct.  1,  1783. 
Edmund  Jeter  &  Rebecca  Rives,  Jan.  13,  1791. 
John  Johnson  &  Lucy  Sissons,  Dec.  39,  1790. 
Wm.  Jordan  &  Elizabeth  Goodrich,  Dec.  39,  1799. 
Upsham  Jordan  &  Patsy  Rives,  Jan.  23,  1800. 
John  Jones  &  Patsy  Dean,  Feb.  12,  1801. 
Lewis  Jefferson  &  Polly  Hill,  Jan.  10,  1792. 


John  Lundy  &  Elizabeth  Nelson,  Aug.  20,  1786. 
Joseph  Long  &  Annis  Lawrence,  Sept.  8,  1786. 
Edwin  Lundy  &  Lucy  Peterson,  Feb.  3,  1789. 
John  Lifsay  &  Hollan  Allen,  Mar.  31,  1789. 
Littleberry  Lee  &  Lucy  Cook,  Jan.  19,  1792. 
Edmund  Lucas  &  Betsy  Hobbs,  Dec.  11,  1784. 
Alexander  Lowe  &:  Rebecca  Vincent,  June  20,  1787. 
James  Lee  &  Mary  Collier,  April  27,  1786. 
Nathaniel  Lucas  &  Sarah  Rivers,  April  10,  1783. 
Simon  Lane  &  Nelly  Jones,  May  27,  1790. 
Peyton  Lundy  &  Dorothy  Harris,  Oct.  5,  1790. 
Isham  Lundy  &  Dolly  H.  Rives,  Jan.  27,  1796. 
John  Lundy  &  Dorcas  Took,  Feb.  6,  1703. 

Wid.  Dempsey  Took 
Thomas  Yates  Lundie  &  Elizabeth  Maclin,  June  9,  1800. 
James  Lockhart  &  Clara  Morriss,  Sept.  2,  1807. 
Joshua  C.  Lundy  &  Polly  Tyus,  Sept.  8,  1794. 
Edwin  Lanier  &  Amy  W.  Goodrich,  Oct.  27,  1803. 
Alex.  Fergusson  Lundie  &  Susanna  Maclin,  Dec.  17,  1804. 
Charles  Locke  &  Mary  Batte,  July  15,  1790. 
Edmund  Lawrence  &  Sarah  Lanier,  Feb.  5,  1794. 
Jonathan  Lawrence;  Mary  Hazelwood,  May  10,  1802. 
Lyson  Lewellening;  Sally  Hart,  May  27,  1790. 

M 

James  Mitchell  &  Sally  Lewellyn,  June  7,  1787. 
Banks  Meacham  &  Elizabeth  Person,  Dec.  6,  1785. 


.T8T1  ,VL 


»a«i  , . 


M 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  '  307 

William  Waclin  &  Winnie  Wyche,  Sep.  20,  1781. 

William  Morris  &  Winnie  Wilkinson,  Aug.  19,  1796. 

John  Mason  &  Lucy  Cardail,  Nov.  8,  1780. 

Jabez  Morris  &  Elizabeth  Bland  Lundie,  .Vug.  19,  1783. 

Richard  Mabry  &  Amy  Grigg,  Feb.  23,  1793. 

Alex.  Madilland  &  Martha  Wall,  Nov.  G,  1792. 

James  McKennee  &  Martha  Wilkinson,  Dec.  27,  1792. 

William  Massey  &  Fanny  Goodrich,  Feb.  25,  179G. 

Jeremiah  Mangum  Sc  Nancy  Jackson,  Dec.  20,  1798. 

John  Massey  &  Anna  Shelborn,  Oct.   12,   1799. 

Benjamin  Montgomery  &.  Betty  Tatem,  Dec.  13,  1802. 

Richard  Mason  &  Mary  Woodford  (wid),  Jan.  14,  1799. 

John  Mason  &  Mary  Maclin,  Oct.  23,  1788. 

Robert  Mabry  &  Rebecca  Mason,  Sep.  22,  17S7. 

Henry  Mason  &  Rebecca  Jeter,  Nov.  11,  1790. 

David  Mitchell  .V  Elizabeth  Scott,  Mar.  22,  1794.  '   ' 

Joshua  Mays  &  Hannah  DuprcL-,  Jan.  2S,  1790. 

Joseph  Mitchell  &  Molly  Emory,  May  22,  1793. 

Chislon  Morris  &  Tabitha  New,  Dec.  30,  1794. 

John  Murrel  &  Charlotte  Jones,  May  19,  179.5. 

Joseph  Malone  &:  Sarah  Malone,  Apl.  21.  1795. 

Nathaniel  Morris  &  Angelina  Adams,  Sep.  17,  179G. 

Bannister  Mitchell  &  Celia  Mitchell,  Feb.  12,  1795. 

James  Moore  &  Permelia  Payne,  May  10,  1802. 

Henry  Mitchell  &  Polly  Mitchell,  Feb.  2,  1797. 

Richard  Mabry  &  Polly  Braxton  Mabry,  Aug.  19,  1799. 

William  Mason  &  Tabitha  Tuell  (or  Suell),  Sep.  10,  1798. 

William  Mason  &  Rebecca  Richardson,  Aug.  9,  1800. 

Hartwell  Mosely  &  Patsy  Wrenn,  Dec.  10,  1800. 

Henry  Mangimi,  Jr.  &  Nancy  Harrison,  Feb.  9,  ISOl. 

Isham  Mangum  &  Patsy  Allen,  Dec.  1,  1800. 

William  Moss  &  Elizabeth  Collier,  Oct.  4,  1783. 

Henry  Morris  &  Selah  Clarke,  Jul.  21,  1787. 


Le  Neve  oe  Virginia. 


The  Clerk  of  Prince  Edward  County,  from  its  setting  off  in  1754  until 
1783,  was  John  Lk  Nevk.  The  statement  is  made  that  Mr.  Le  Neve  was 
drowned  in  a  fresh  cjf  1783.  Wood's  careful  map  of  Prince  Edward 
County,  1820,  gives  the  name  Le  Neve's  Creek  to  a  small  stream  entering 
Buflalo  in  the  northern  part  of  the  county.  It  is  possible  Mr.  Le  Neve 
lived  in  that  neighborhood;  it  is  possible  that  the  name  was  given  merely 
from  the  circumstance  of  his  death  there.  He  had  a  son  christened 
Ludwell,  which  plainly  connects  him  with  the  Williamsburg  country. 
Mr.  Le  Neve  had  married  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Cobbs,  first  clerk  of 


T08 


.it.;- 


Mv.iaaiV   V 


308  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Amelia  Counly,  1734-1757.  It  would  be  logical  if  Mr.  Le  Neve  had  l)een 
deputy  to  Mr.  Cobbs. 

Was  John  Le  Neve,  Clerk  of  Prince  Edward,  a  son  or  near  kinsman  of 
the  Rev.  William  Le  Neve,  who  'arrived  in  Virginia  from  England  on 
St.  Mark's  day  1722,'  and  was  minister  of  James  City  and  Mulberry 
Island  in  1724,  fulfilling  also  the  duties  of  a  lectureship  at  Williamsburg — 
£20  a  year  for  Sunday  evening  lectures?  In  1723  William  Le  Neve  was 
appointed,  on  his  own  petition,  chaplain  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  to 
attend  for  reading  prayers  every  morning  at  ten  a  clock,  at  a  salary  of 
£20.  He  was  still  continued  in  this  office  in  172G,  and  was  living  in  1737 
when  he  advertised  in  the  Virginia  Gazette  the  loss  of  an  "'old  Pocket 
Book  tied  with  a  blew  string." 

And  were  John  Le  Neve  and  the  Rev.  William  Le  Neve,  of  Virginia, 
kinsmen  of  John  Le  Neve,  Peter  Le  Neve,  and  Sir  William  Le  Neve,  those 
well  known  English  anticiuaries  from  KiOO  to  1711?  It  is  an  engaging 
guess  that  John  Le  Neve,  Clerk  of  Prince  Edward,  was  son  of  William  Le 
Ne\cof  England  and  James  City;  and  that  William  Le  Neve  of  James  City 
was  one  of  the  eight  children  of  John  Le  Neve,  rector  of  Thornton-le- 
Moor,  Lincolnshire,  all  of  whose  anticjuarian  works  'were  unsuccessful 
from  a  pecuniary  point  of  view.' 

We  need  to  be  precise  about  our  early  Clerks,  for  through  them  was 
brought  in  how  much  of  the  lore  of  Old  England. 


ROUINSON   OK   THE    EASTERN    SHOKE. 

Further  information  is  desired  regarding  the  family  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Robinson,  whose  will  appears  in  the  Virginia  Magazine  for  April  1916, 
page  194.  She  was  the  grandmother  of  Col.  Tully  Robinson,  son  of 
Wm.  and  Col.  John  Custis,  only  child  of  Major  General  Jolin  Custis  and 
her  deceased  daughter  Elizabeth.  Maj.  Gen.  John  Custis  and  his  second 
wife,  Alicia,  widow  of  Capt.  Peter  Walker  witnessed  the  will  of  the  widow 
Elizabeth  Robinson,  which  was  probated  June  29,  IOCS,  Accomac  Co., 
Vol.  8,  p.  GO. 

The  name,  age  of  the  husband  of  the  above  Elizabeth?  When  he 
arrived  in  this  country  and  where  he  originally  settled.  When  he  died 
and  when  and  where  was  the  will  probated.  Also  who  did  Ann  the 
executrix  of  her  mother,  Elizabeth,  marry?  The  family  were  financially 
comfortable  as  well  as  officially  prominent. 

It  is  claimed  they  were  the  same  family  as  Christopher  Robinson  and 
used  the  same  crest.  Any  data  referring  to  the  families  will  be  grate- 
fully appreciated  through  the  Magazine. 


J''.«\»H   J     U.-'  Itu     l^. 


.(.-;   /v  Mr^A:!   ..'HI     lO 


,oI«^l  In  .A   J.. 


,,,^  NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  \  J;    ' "'  309 

CoRRItCTlONS   IN    BroOKE   GENEALOGY. 

Vol.  XVI,  July  190S,  p.  lOii.  Should  be  "Ben  Arnold  a  German  married 
and  died  in  this  country  and  left,"  etc. 

Vol.  XVI,  Oct.  190S,  p.  213.  Should  be  "Col.  Humphrey  Hill  stood 
father,"  etc.  (not  God-isiiher). 

Vol.  XX,  Oct.  1912,  p.  435.  The  oldest  son  of  Francis  E.  Brooke  of 
St.  Julien  should  be  Francis  Taliaferro  (named  for  his  grandfather)  and 
not  Francis  E.     Same  error  on  p.  436. 

Vol.  XIX,  p.  320.     Samuel  C.  Bockius,  not  Boskins. 


L.\ws    OK    Virginia    1643-46 — A    Correction. 

It  was  stated  in  the  last  annual  report  of  the  President  of  this  Society 
that  the  manuscript  laws  of  the  dates  named  were  first  discovered  by 
Mr.  Mcintosh  of  Norfolk.  Since  the  publication  of  the  President's 
report,  attention  has  been  called  to  the  fact  that  these  laws  were  referred 
to  and  quoted  by  Mr.  P.  A.  Bruce  in  his  Ecconomic  and  Institutional 
histories.  The  only  excuse  that  Mr.  Mcintosh,  Dr.  Mcllwaine,  Presi- 
dent McCabe  and  the  editor  of  this  Magazine  can  make  is  that  Mr. 
Bruce's  books  are  such  vast  mines  of  original  information  that  it  is  im- 
possible to  remember  all  that  he  has  published. 


Roy  ALL  and  Royster. 


Richard  Royall  died  in  Pittsylvania  County;  will  proved  1819.  He 
came  from  Mecklenburg  Co.  where  he  had  married  Elizabeth  Miniard 
Royster.  By  this  marriage  there  were  sons  John  and  Nathaniel,  and 
daughter  Susannah,  Elizabeth,  Mary  Royall  Morrison,  Judith  Royall 
Stone,  mother  of  Governor  J.  M.  Stone  of  Mississippi,  Sarah,  Nancy  and 
Caroline. 

Any  information  concerning  the  Royall  ahd  Royster  families  will  be 
gratefully  received. 

Mrs.  N.  E.  Clement, 
'        ■   >  Ciuitham,  Va. 


A  Description  of  Jeiferson. 

[The  following  communication  was  received  a  number  of  years  agoi 

Dr.  Samuel  J.  Bumstead  living  at  No.  268  W.  Eldorado  Street,   De- 
catur, 111.,  has  a  small  bound  volume  of  copies  of  letters  (in  manuscript), 


006 


.v.*-^n  ■  '-  l-fll    nvrr-    •" 


310  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

written  by  his  father,  Rev.  vS.  A.  Bumstead,  in  Aug.  1822,  to  his  sisters, 
mother  and  aunt,  giving  a  description  of  a  journey  from  Goshen,  Md.,  to 
Harper's  Ferry  and  thence  up  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  via  Staunton  to 
Hot  Springs  and  from  there  via  Staunton,  Charlottesville  and  Richmond 
to  Brookville,  Md.  This  little  manuscript  volume  has  the  appearance 
of  being  very  old.  The  paper  is  yellow  with  age.  These  copies  of  letters 
are  in  the  hand-writing  of  the  author  himself.  Rev.  Mr.  Bumstead  was 
at  the  time  a  school  teacher  at  Brookville  Academy,  Md  ,  and  he  seems 
to  have  taken  the  journey  he  describes  to  learn  something  of  tht  s/in  !;<  ru 
country  and  southern  manners.  A  map  of  his  travels  accompanied  the 
letters  and  is  bound  with  them.  Among  these  letters  there  is  one  dated 
Aug.  23,  1822  and  is  written  to  his  Aunt  Lilly  from  "Fluvanna  Co.," 
which  contains  a  vivid  description  of  Jefferson's  personality  and  which 
is  new  so  far  as  I  know.  In  this  letter  Mr.  Bumstead,  after  describing 
his  travels  from  Staunton  over  the  Blue  Ridge  by  way  of  Fisher's  Gap, 
his  visit  to  the  Virginia  University;  his  breakfasting  at  Charlottesville 
and  noting  his  disappointment  at  not  finding  Mr.  JefTerson  at  home  and 
his  disappointment  at  having  to  leave  Monticello  without  meeting  him, 
he  goes  on  to  say: 

"After  I  got  about  3  miles  from  his  house  and  was  about  entering  the 
Richmond  road,  I  saw  a  man  on  horse-back  at  a  distance  off;  it  was  diffi- 
cult to  conceive  what  the  matter  was  or  whether  he  wanted  anything 
of  me  by  his  making  toward  me  with  so  much  speed — as  he  advanced 
within  plain  sight  I  was  v;ell  aware  by  the  cut  of  his  jib  who  it  was.  His 
costume  was  very  singular — his  coat  was  checked  gingham,  manufactured 
in  Virginia  I  suppose.  The  buttons  on  it  were  of  white  metal  and  nearly 
the  size  of  a  dollar.  His  pantaloons  were  of  the  same  fabric.  He  was 
mounted  on  an  elegant  bay  horse  going  with  speed — and  he  had  no  hat  on 
but  a  lady's  parasol,  stuck  in  his  coat  behind,  spread  its  canopy  over  his 
head,  which  was  very  white — his  hair  is  quite  thick — his  complexion  sandy 
— and  his  eye,  the  eye  of  an  eagle — his  features  regular  and  resembling 
very  much  the  portrait  you  have  in  your  parlor — He  cast  his  very  pene- 
trating eye  at  me  and  gave  a  polite  nod  of  his  head  as  he  passed.  This 
was  Thomas  Jefferson — and  as  you  may  naturally  expect  quite  gratifying 
to  me  in  having  my  curiosity  answered.  Had  he  not  have  appeared  in 
such  a  hurry  I  should  have  stopt  and  entered  into  conversation  with  him. 
I  intended  to  have  inquired  the  road  that  leads  into  the  Richmond  road 
of  the  first  person  that  I  met — but  as  soon  as  I  saw  him  I  forgot  all  about 
it — such  a  great  man  in  such  a  plain  and  singular  garb  so  struck  me  that 
I  had  not  another  thought  about  me  but  the  request  you  made  of  me — I 
should  have  complied  with  your  recjuest  if  he  had  not  appeared  so  much 
in  haste — but  I  am  told  it  is  his  usual  gait.  He  does  not  appear  as  old  as 
he  really  is — He  is  in  his  84th  yea;- — He  was  remarkably  erect  and  had 
every  appearance  of  anticjuity  about  him.  I  am  told  he  always  rides  in 
this  manner  during  the  summer  without  any  hat — often  times  many  miles- 
it  was  very  warm  when  I  met  him  to-day  and  I  thought  he  looked  pretty 


DJOll  ? 


irii 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  311 

well  heated.  Thus  much  of  this  extraordinary  man  of  whom,  the  world 
has  heard  so  much— whose  writings  have  made  somuch  bustk.  I  think  I 
can  never  forget  his  looks— indeed  they  are  pretty  well  fixed  in  my  minds' 
eye.  I  am  now  at  a  public  house  in  Fluvanna  Co— there  is  no  village 
here.     I  shall  expect  to  reach  a  place  called  Beaver  Dam  tomorrow. 

With  affection 

Your  nephew  S.  A.  Bumstead." 


'  Hob  SON. 

In  the  Land  Patent  Books  of  Richmond  there  is  a  grant  of  400  acres 
in  Spottsylvania  County,  patented  by  Thomas  and  Adcock  Hobson  of 
"St.  George's  Parish  in  the  same  county,"  dated  June  20,  1733. 

Later,  I  find  Adcock  Hobson  living  in  Cumberland  County,  having, 
in  1741,  married  Joanna  Lawson,  daughter  of  Christopher  Lawson. 
They  had  children  John,  Winnefred,  bom  1744,  Thomas,  \Vm.  Caleb, 
bom  1750,  Lawson,  Edward,  Lucy  and  Elizabeth. 

Caleb  Hobson  married  in  1774  Phoebe  Brackett  and  left  many  descen- 
dants in  Cumberland  Co. 

Winnefred  married  Thomas  Carter  in  17G6,  and  in  1783  moved  from 
Cumberland  to  Pittsylvania  County.  I  am  anxious  to  find  Adcock 
Hobson's  father.     I  presume  Thomas  was  his  brother. 

Did  John  Hobson  of  the  Royal  Council  have  descendants? 

Any  information  concerning  the  Hobson  and  Lawson  families  will  be 
gratefully  received. 

Mrs.  N.  E.  Clements, 
■■   ■'  ■  •  Chatham,  Va. 


XIC  .  .  ,.,        wv  «tTOM 


flK'il  bs'/om  WTI  .'■   '.  1     ■'■'■"1  nf    t->:      '"'    ./;  ;; 


312  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


GENEALOGY. 


The  Blackwell  Family. 

(By  Miss  Stella  Pickett  Hardy,  Batesvijle,  Ark.) 
(Concluded) 
5-1.     Lucy  Steptoe  Blackwell. 

5-2.     William  Blackwell,  m.  1822  Mary  Anne  Bronaugh,  daughter  of 
William  and  Mary  Catherine  Pope  (Peyton)  Bronaugh,  and  had 
issue. 
5-3.     There  were  other  children,  but  I  have  been  unable  to  secure 
their  names. 
4-8.     John  Blackwell,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  1755;  d.  1808.     He  served 
with  distinction  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  1st.  Lieut.  3rd  Va.,  Apr.  29, 
1776;  wounded  at  Brandywine,  Sep.  11,  1777;  captain  Sep.  15,  1777;  was 
taken  prisoner  at  Charleston,  May  12,  1780;  prisoner  on  parole  to  close 
of  war;  Bevet  Major,  Sep.  30,  1783;  (Heitman's  Historical   Register, 
p.  105).     Was  High  Sheriff  of  Fauquier  Co.,  from  1783  to  1785;  and 
County  Lieutenant,  and  General  of  Va.  Militia,  1794  (Fauquier  County- 
Records   and   Manuscripts  in  Virginia  State  Library).     He  received 
5,1663^  acres  of  land  on  May  16,  1783  for  his  services  as  Captain  in  Re- 
volution (Hayden's  Virginia  Genealogies,  p.  265).     Hem.  (first)  1779, 
Agatha  Arm  Eustace,  b.  1765;  d.  after  1795;  daughter  of  Issaac  and 
Agatha  (Conway)  Eustace,  of  Stafford  Co.,  Va.;  (second)  about  1797, 
Mrs.  Judith  Lee  Pierce  Peachy,  a  widow;  b.  about  1770;  d.  about  1805; 
daughter  of  Kendall  and  Betty  (Heale)  Lee,  of   Northumberland   Co., 
Va.;  (third)  Nov.  28,  1804,  Frances  Parker,  b.  about  1765;  daughter  of 
Judge  Richard  and  Mary  (Beale)  Parker,  of  Westmoreland  Co.,  Va., 
Issue  by  1st  m. 
5-1.     Lucy  Steptoe  Blackwell,  b.  1785;  d.  1817;  m.  (first)  1805,  Hugh 
B.    Campbell;    (second)    1816,    Rawleigh    William    Downman,    of 
"Belle  Isle,"  son  of  Rawleigh  and  Frances   (Ball)   Downman  of 
Lancaster  Co.,  Va. 
5-2.     Steptoe  Blackwell,  b.  1786;  d.  unm. 
5-3.     Agatha  Conway  Blackwell,  b.  1788;  m.  Charles  Bell,  of  Ohio 

and  had  issue. 
5-4.     Eloise  Blackwell,  b.  1790;  m.  Mark  Anthony  Chilton,  of  Mo., 
son  of  Col.  Charles  and  Elizabeth  (Blackwell)  Chilton,  of  Fau- 
quier Co.,  Va.,  and  had  ibsue. 
5-5.     John  Eustace  Blackwell,  b.  1793;  m.  Ricey  Morris,  and  had 
issue. 


.luiSAOAM  jukaMoren-  .    -  -iv 


Li. 

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"^  '  '  ••  '        GENEALOGY.       -'      -'         '     i:*'i         '  313 

5-6.     William  Blackwell,  of  Kanawha  Co.,   Va.   (now  \V.   Va.),  b. 
1795;  d.  unm. 
Issue  by  2nd  m., 
5-7.     Emma   Blackwell,   b.    1798;   m.   about   1815,   George   William 
Downman,  b.  1794:  d.  1845;  son  of  Joseph  Ball  and  Olivia  (Payne) 
Downman,  of  Lancaster  Co.,  Va. 
5-8.     Ann  Eliza  Blackwell,  b.   1800;  d.   1847;  m.   1817,   Dr.  James 
Kendall  Ball,  of  "Edgewood,"   Lancaster  Co.,   Va.,  b.   1790;  d. 
1S3G;  son  of  CdI.  James  and  Frances  (Downman)  Ball,  of  "Bewd- 
Icy,"  and  had  issue. 
4-9.     Judith  Blackwell,  b.  1759;  d.  1867;  m.  May  23,  1775,  Capt.  Thomas 
Keith,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  who  served  with  distinction  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary War,  commissioned  Lieut,  of  Fauquier  Militia,  Mar.  24,  1778; 
serving  under  Capt.  Turner  Morehead  (McAllister's  Virginia  Militia 
p.  201).     He  was  later  commissioned  Captain  (Manuscripts  in  Virginia, 
State  Library).     He  was  a  staunch  and  liberal  churchman;  son  of  Rev. 
James  and  Mary  Isham  (Randolph)  Keith,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  I-;sue. 
5-1.     John  Marshall  Keith,  m.  Elizabeth  Jones,  and  had  issue. 
5-2.     Harriet  Keith,  m.  Mr.  Skinker,  and  had  issue,  their  descend- 
ants removed  to  Missouri.  -.■■'• 
5-3.     Mary  Isham  Keith.  i      •iv.iv 
5-4.     James  Keith.                                                          . '.^ 
5-5.     Susan  Keith,  m.  Davis  James,  and  had  issue. 
5-6.     Peter  Grant  Keith,  of  Tenn.,  m.  unknown  and  had  issue. 
5-7.     Tarleton  Fleming  Keith,  m.  unknown  and  had  issue. 
5-8.     Isham  Keith,  of  Fauquier  Co.,  Va.,  b.  179-;  d.  Apr.  25,  1887; 
m.   1822,  Judith  Chilton,   h.    1800;  daughter  of  Joseph  and   Ann 
(Smith)  Chilton,  of  Fauquier,  Issue 

6-1.     Isham   Keith,   C.   S.   A.,   of  Fauquier  Co.,   Va.,   m.   Sarah 
Agness  Blackwell,  daughter  of  William  and  .\nne  Sparks  (Gor- 
don) Blackwell,  and  had  issue. 
6-2.     James  Keith,  C.  S.  A.,  of  Richmond,  Va.,  b.  1S39;  living,  a 
distinguished  lawyer  and  judge;  m.  (first)  1S75,  Lilias  Morson, 
b.  1848;  d.  1877;  (second)  1SS7,  his  sister-in-law,  Frances  Barkes- 
dale  Morson,  b.  1855;  d.  1908;  daughters  of  Hon.  Arthur  Alex- 
ander and  Maria  Martin  (Scott)  Morson,  of  Richmond,  Va.,  and 
had  issue. 
(Authority  for  the  foregoing  line  of  descendants  of  Hon.  Joseph  Black- 
well  and  Lucy  Steptoe,  are  as  given  in  parenthesis,  also  Fauquier  County 
Records,  Manuscripts  in  Virginia  State  Library,  Old   Family  Papers, 
Family  Bibles,  Letters,  etc.,  Hayden's  Virginia  Genealogies,  p.  265  and 
266,  Hardy's  Colonial  Families  of  the  Southern  States  of  America,  p.  58 
to  70.     For  a  fuller  line  of  the  lineage  of  Blackwells,  Downings,  Steptoes, 
Chiltons,  Cookes,  Colliers,  Slaughters,   Picketts,   Bouldins,  Marshalls, 
Keiths,   Clarksons,   Taylors,   Scotts,   Johnstons,   Corbins,    Balls,    Lees, 
Smiths,   Footes,  etc.,   see  Hardy's  Colonial   Families  of  the  Southern 
States  of  America). 


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314  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Till-:  Hakkison  Family  ok  Nokthkrn  Virginia. 

(Concluded)  •'  "    '' 

(XXIIl,  p.  332)  24.  Thomas^  Harrison  (Thomas^)  bom  1726,  died 
1727,  married  ,  and  removed  to  Kentucky. 

Issue-  a.  Benjamin'';  1).  Thomas  Grayson^;  c.  Anne;  d.  Aiicie;  e.  Eliza- 
beth- f    William  Butler<\  born .  died  Feb.  2S,  1835;  was  a  Cornet  m 

Lee's  Le-ion  from  1779  to  the  close  (;f  the  war.  After  the  Revolution 
he  was  a  resident  of  Loudoun  Co.,  Va.,  and  drew  a  pension  to  the  time  of 

his  death.  ,r,       \ 

(XXIV   211)   1.     Burr  (error,  should  be)  Benjamin  Harrison  (Burr) 

married  Nancy  Hart  and  had  issue:  1.  Betsey  married Dunwoody; 

2.  Benjamin,  married  Elizabeth  Russell;  3.  Dernel  married  Nancy  Ana- 
barett;  4.  William  married Rohb. 

(XXIV,  211).     Jon.\than  Harrison  (Burr)  married  Sally  '1  yler  and 

had  issuel  1.  Burr,  married Kato;  2.  Mary,  married  —  Robb;  3. 

Cuthbert,  married ;  4.  Elizabeth  married Ashford. 

(XXIV   212)-  MORDECAI  Harrison  (Burr),  married  Sarah  Alston  and 

had  issue:  1.  Burr,  married  Liddle;  2.  Jonathan,  married  Caroline 

Ragsdale;  3.  Elizabeth  married Mitchell;  4.  Rebecca,  married  — 

Cole;  5.  Lucinda  married Noidite;  6.  Benjamin,  died  single;  7.  Will- 
iam, died  single;  8.  Thomas,  married  Mrs.  Sykes. 

The  children  and  descendants  of  Burr,  Jonathan  and  Thomas  Harrison 
lived  in  the  South. 

87.  CuTHUKRT^  Harrison  (ThomasS),  born  Jan.  26,  1777,  died  May 
20,  1837,  married ,  and  had  issue:  Thomas«,  and  Edward\ 

88.  Thomas^  Harrison  (Thomas^),  born  Jan.  26,  1777,  died  , 
married  Elizabeth  Fitzhugh,  and  had  issue:  Anne,  married  John  Carter 
Armistead;  Jane  Cecilie  married  Dr.  Daniel  Harrison,  and  Frances 
Barnes  married  Dr.  William  W.  Taliaferro. 

90.  Philip'  Harrison  (Thomas"),  born  May  31,  1781.  died  Jan.  1, 
1852;  a  distinguished  lawyer  of  Richmond,  Va.;  married,  1810,  Maria, 
daughter  of  John  Lawson  (born  Feb.  22,  1754.  died  Aug.  6.  1823)  of  I  nnce 
William  County  and  his  wife  Mary  M.  daughter  of  Charles  Tyler,  of 
Prince  William. 

Issue-  116.  Lucy  Erskine,  born  Feb.  10,  1812,  died  1814;  117.  Anna 
Maria,  born  Nov.  13,  1815,  died  Jan.  19,  1880,  married  Oct.  3,  1838  Dr. 
James  Bolton;  118.  Napoleon«,  born  1815,  died  1816;  119.  Cora,  born  Nov. 
13  1812  married  Frederick  Anderson;  120.  John  Henry«,  born  April  15 
1819,  died  unmarried;  121.  Thomas  Botts«,  born  Oct.  17,  1821,  married 
Steptoe  Freeman  and  had  a  son  Bolton'-*  Harrison;  122.  Walter  ;  U3. 
Philip",  bom  Dec.  28,  1829,  died  unmarried;  124.  Elizabeth  bom  June 
28,  1831,  married  Austin  Smith. 

93      Burr-  Harrison  (Thomas'*),  bom  Aug.  26,  1787,  died  Dec.  12,  1832, 
married  Mary,  widow  of  Mann  Page,  and  daughter  of  Alexander  Lithgow. 


XtiU  t 


GENEALOGY. 


315 


Issue;  124.  William  Lithgow**,  born  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  July  21, 

181G,  married ;  125.  Sarah,  boni  at  Georgetown,  D.  C,  July  21,  1819, 

married Dean;  126.     Mary,  married  Henry  Robinson. 

04.  J.\MEs"  Harrison  (Thomas'*),  boni  April  29,  17S9,  married  Ann 
Short  and  had  issue:  Byrd«,  Sarah,  and  Elizabeth. 

95.  JoHN^  Harrison  (Thomas  C)  born  Feb.  11,  1793,  married  Susan 
Sweeney,  and  is  stated  to  have  had  twenty-one  children. 

90.  Walti-r'^  Harrison  (Thomas*^)  born  April  3,  1795,  died  Feb.  5, 
1826,  married  Anne  Lawson  (sister  of  his  brother's  wife)  and  had  Walter* 
who  ilied  in  infancy. 

122.  Waltkr  Hamilton''*  Harrison  (Philip7),  of  Richmond,  Va.,  born 
May  29,  1827,  died  Jan.  5,  1871;  Lt.  Colonel  C.  S.  A.;  A.  A.  G.  and  Chief 
of  Staff  Pickett's  Division,  author  of  "Pickett  and  his  Men,"  and  other 
productions;  married  Helen  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James  Brown  Mac- 
murdo,  of  Richmond,  Va. 

Issue:  125.  Walter  Hamilton'-',  married  Mackie  Worthington;  126. 
Philip'',  married  Anne  Lee  Ansley;  127.  Frank  Bolton'^,  died  young;  128. 
Marie  Helene,  married  1890,  Linn  B.  Enslow,  of  Richmond,  Va. 

There  are  a  number  of  members  of  the  family  whose  descendants  we 
have  no  means  of  tracing  and  should  be  obliged  for  any  additional  in- 
formation in  regard  to  such  descendants  of  the  name  Harrison.  Simce 
will  not  permit  publication  of  lines  of  descent  through  daughters. 


Descendants  ok  Archer  Payne,  of  "New  Market." 


Contributed    by   John   M. 

(Concluded) 


I'ayni- 


8.  John  Robert  Dandridge  Payne,  married  Susan  Bryce,  daughter  of 
Archibald  Bryce  and  sister  to  Mrs.  Spotswood  Payne.  He  lived  in 
Lynchburg  and  was  one  of  the  Mayors  of  that  city  and  then  removed  to 
Richmond  where  he  died.  They  had  only  one  child,  to  wit:  Mary  Jane 
Payne,  married  Colonel  James  Turner.  She  died  early,  leaving  one  son, 
William  S.  Turner,  who  married  Miss  Holt  of  Alabama. 

Note. — Colonel  Turner  removed  to  Alabama  and  married  there. 

9.  Robert  Spotswood  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  January  15,  1809, 
was  a  prominent  physician  in  Lynchburg  until  his  death  September  28, 
1884.  He  was  married,  January  30,  1840  to  Frances  Ann  Russell  Meem, 
daughter  of  John  G.  Meem  and  Eliza  Campbell  Russell,  daughter  of 
Andrew  Russell  of  Abingdon,  Va.  Their  children  were:  1.  John  Meem 
Payne,  Captain  S.  C.  A.,  bom  November  11,  1840,  married  December  2, 
1863,  Elizabeth  Allen  Langhome  daughter  of  John  Archer  Langhome 
and  Margaret  Kent.  Captain  Payne  and  his  wife  celebrated  their  golden 
wedding  in  1913  and  are  the  oldest  representatives  of  the  Archer  Payne 
family.     They  have  issue. 


dl£ 


316  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

2.  Alexander  Spotswood  Payne,  V.  i\I.  I.  Cadet  at  Battle  of  New  Mar- 
ket, born  July  9,  18i5,  married  Elizabeth  B.  Burks,  daughter  uf  Judge  E. 
C.  Burks  and  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Capt.  Pascal  Buford  of  Bedford 
County.     He  died  Oct.  2,  1910,  leaving  one  daughter. 

3.  Eliza  Russell  Payne,  born  March  3,  1848  and  died  in  Lynchburg 
Dec.  23,  1900  unmarried. 

10.  George  Woodson  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  Dec.  29,  ISIO,  married 
Ann  Dabney,  sister  of  Rev.  Ro.  L.  Dabney,  D.  D.  They  lived  in  Louisa 
County  on  the  South  Anna  river.  He  died  in  1869.  His  wife  survived 
him  for  many  years.     They  had  no  issue. 

11.  David  Bryce  Payne,  bom  in  Goochland  August  10,  1812,  married 

Helen  James,  daughter  of  Doctor James  and  his  second  wife  Lillias 

daughter  of  Archibald  Bryce.  Mr.  David  Payne  was  a  book  merchant 
of  Lynchburg  for  many  years  until  his  death  in  1888.  Their  children 
were:  1.  Ella  Grattan  Payne,  mar.  Dr.  Geo.  K.  Turner;  left  issue.  2. 
Robert  S.  Payne,  mar.  Meta  Eskridge  of  Augusta  Co.  and  have  issue;  3. 
David  B.  Payne,  Jr.,  mar.  Ellen  Scott  and  have  issue;  4.  Richard  J. 
Payne,  died  unmarried;  5.  Mary  C.  Payne,  unmarried;  6.  George  A.  W. 
Payne,  mar.  Louise  B.  Mitchell  and  have  issue;  7.  Helen  Stockton,  mar. 
Edward  T.  Page  and  has  issue. 

12.  James  Ferguson  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  September  10,  1814, 

married  Frances  Dudley,  daughter  of  Capt.  Peter  Dudley  and Davis. 

Was  a  well  known  and  respected  citizen  of  Lynchburg  until  his  death. 
They  had  no  issue. 

13.  Martha  Dandridge  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  Apr.  25,  1820, 
married  Isaac  Vandeventer  of  Loudoun  County.     They  left  two  children, 

to-wit:  Robert  Vandeventer,  mar. ;  died  without  issue;  Helen 

Vandeventer,  mar.  N.  S.  Purcell  and  died  without  issue. 

14.  Ann  Bryce  Payne,  married  May  3,  1849,  Rev.  Henry  R.  Smith  of 
Otsego,  New  York.  She  died  in  Abingdon  Dec.  12,  1907,  leaving:  1; 
Lillias  Payne,  born  Sept.  17,  1852,  mar.  Late  Salmon  M.  Withers  and  has 
issue;  2.  Eliza  Bell,  born  Sept.  18,  1853,  mar.  Jas.  Isaac  Hutton  of  Kansas 
City  and  has  issue;  3.  Nansie  Bryce,  bom  Jan.  14,  1857,  mar.  John  Emil 
Roberts  of  New  York  and  has  issue;  4.  Addison  Melvin,  born  July  3,  1859. 
unmarried. 

15.  William  M.  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  Feb.  15,  1828,  married  Dec. 
2,  1852  Frances  Mitchell,  daughter  of  Rev.  Jacob  Duche  Mitchell,  D.  D. 
and  his  wife  Harriet  Morford.  Wm.  M.  Payne  served  throughout  the 
Civil  War  and  was  Major  and  Quartermaster  of  General  Walker's  Divi- 
sion at  Appomattox.  He  died  in  Kinston,  N.  C,  October  31,  1898. 
Their  children  are:  1.  James  Mitchell,  born  Sept.  8,  1855,  mar.  Margaret 
Belville  and  died  Aug.  19,  1913,  leaving  issue;  2.  William  Spotswood, 
born  May  16,  1858,  mar.  Mary  Norvcll  and  died  July  9,  1907,  without 
issue;  3.  Ida  M.,  born  April  30,  1860,  died  Mar.  26,  1880  unmarried;  4. 
Josephine  M.,  bora  Nov.  20,  1861,  married  Dr.  R.  W.  Wooton  of  Kinston, 
N.  C.  and  has  issue;  5.  J.  Duche,  horn  July  7,  1867,  mar.  Minnie  Kobe,  no 


GENEALUUy.  317 

issue;  G.  Alexander  S.,  born  July  31,  1869,  mar.  \'ora  VanLear  Huddleson 
and  has  issue;  7.  Franees  Dandridge,  born  Sept.  14,  LS71,  mar.  Rev.  E.  D. 
Brown  and  has  issue. 

16.  Charlotte  E.  Payne,  born  in  Gooehland  Jan.  9,  1829,  married  Dec. 
21,  1848,  John  H.  Winston  of  Louisa  County.  She  died  in  Bristol,  Oct. 
27,  19L").  Children:  1.  Charlotte  P.,  mar.  (first)  SamuelRead;  (second) 
Alexander  West  and  has  issue  by  both  marriages;  2.  Sarah  Alctha,  mar. 
John  Brown,  died  leaving  issue;  3.  Harriet,  mar.  Mr.  Gwathmey  and  has 

issue;  4.  Frank,  mar.  ;  5.  Mary  Lee,  unmarried;  G.  John,  mar.  Miss 

Taylor  and  died  leaving  issue. 

17.  Harriet  J.  Payne,  born  in  Goochland  Feb.  11,  1831,  married  Capt. 
Wm.  Steptoe  in  1867  and  died  in  1876  without  issue.  Capt.  Steptoe  served 
in  the  2nd  Virginia  Cavalry  during  the  Civil  War  and  was  a  grandson  of 
James  Steptoe  the  well  l:nown  Clerk  of  Bedford  Co. 

18.  Dr.  Archibald  Boiling  married  Ann  E.  Wigginton.  daughter  of 
Benjamin  Wigginton  of  Bedford  County.  He  practiced  medicine  in 
Bedford  County  until  his  death  during  the  war.  His  family  then  moved 
to  Wytheville.  They  had  three  children:  1.  Judge  William  Holcombe, 
married  Sept.  1860,  Sallie  Wliite;  2.  Harriet,  mar.  Mr.  Waddell  of  .Miss- 
issippi, has  issue;  3.  Mary  Jefferson,  mar.  Mr.  Teusler  and  has  issue. 

The  late  Judge  William  H.  Boiling  left  his  widow  and  nine  children,  of 
whom  Edith  married  (first)  Norman  Gait  of  Washington  and  (second) 
Woodrow  Wilson,  President  of  the  United  States.        ^  ,, 

IFor  additional  Payne  genealogy,  see  this  Magazine  Vol.  VI,  number 
3  and  4;  VII,  1,  2;  XIX,  2.) 


The  Gokslch  and  Lom-x.xce  F.amii.ik.s. 

(Continued) 

Children  of  the  Rev.  John-*  Gorsuch  (DanieH,  William')  and  his  wife 

Anne  (Lovelacej,  Richard  Gorsuch'*,  of  Talbot  County,  Maryland. 

6.  RiCH.\kD  Gorsuch'  (John  •*,  Daniel-,  William' j.  Baptized  April 
19,  1637  at  Walkem,  Herts.  He  was  one  of  the  four  younger  children 
for  whose  transportation  Theo.  Hoane  received  land  on  the  Rappahan- 
nock February  22,  1652  (see  ante  p.  89).  He  joined  in  the  petition  to  the 
Lancaster  Court  April  1,  1657,  asking  for  the  appointment  of  guardians 
(see  ante  p.  91).  With  Thomas  Powell  July  16,  1659  he  entered  rights 
for  300  acres  of  land  for  Powell  and  himself  in  Baltimore  County  (Mary- 
land Patents;  4;  54).  The  tract  "Richardson"  on  the  north  shore 
of  the  Patapsco  on  the  east  side  of  Welshman's  Creek  was  surveyed 
for  him  July  30,  1659  and  patented  February  14,  1659-60  (Idem.; 
4;  234  and  341).  May  13,  1661  he  entered  rights  for  transport- 
ing six  persons,  among  them  an  Elizabeth  Gorsuch,  into  the  province 


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318  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

fidem  •    1-   551).     Richard  Gor.such   (no   wife   mentioned   in   the   deed) 
''14th  of  1st  month,  IGtil"  assigns  to  Thomas  Powell  the  tract  (unnamed) 
300  acres  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  surveyed  tor  h.m  m  1  ...J 
(Balto   Co.  Deeds  R.  M.:  H.  S:  5);  and  again  'Tith  ot  11th  month    WA- 
5  ■■  Richard  Gorsuch  and  his  wife  Elizaheth  convey  to  Thoma.  1  owcl, 
bV  what  seems  to  be  a  confirmatory  deed,  300  acres  of  land,  apparently 
this  same  tract,  but  here  called  "Walnutt  Neck"*,  on  the  east  side  of 
February"    lGfyl-5,   when  his   wife   Elizabeth  joins  him  m   transfcrnng 
Welshman's  Creek  (Idem.   I.  R:  P.  P:  Wi).     If  the  Elizabeth  Gor.uch 
mentioned  above  for  whose  transportation  he  claimed  rights  was  hi. 
wife  Elizabeth,  it  seems  probable  that  he  married  her  before  coming  to 
Baltimore  County,  although  it  is  just  possible  that  this  Elizabeth  was 
his  sister  who,  about  that  time,  married  a  Powell.     It  i.  certain  tha 
Richard  Gorsuch  married  prior  to  the  "12th  day  llth  month  caled 
"Walnutt  Neck"  [or  "Richardson").     He  probably  removed  to  lalbot 
County  soon  after  disposing  of  this  tract,  for  his  name  as  well  as  that  ot 
his  brother  Lovelace  and  of  the  Powell  family  soon  appear  on  the  records 
of  this  county.     Richard  Gorsuch  and  his  brother  Lovelace  appear  as 
executors  of  the  will  of  Thomas  Powell  of  Talbot  County,  dated  January 
17    1669-70  and  proved  April  11,   1670.     Soon  after  this  time  Richard 
Gorsuch  appears  to  have  wandered  into  the  Province  of  New  York  where 
his  uncle.  Col.  Francis  Lovelace  was  then  Governor,  as  there  can  be  litt  e 
question  that  the  following  reference  applies  to  him:  "Richard  Gorsuch, 
conveyed  his  right  to  a  patent  for  a  tract  of  land  on  the  west  side  of  Dela- 
ware River  to  Governor  Lovelace.     It  is  described  as    bounded  on  ye 
North  by  a  Creek  called  ye  Indyans  Quiackkitkunck  Creek  als  N.cam- 
banack  Creek  '-General  Entries,  vol.  4,  p.  189;  dated  in  an  order  re- 
lating thereto,  August  12,  1672"  (New  York  Executive  Council  Mmutes; 
1668-1073,  Administration  of  Francis  Lovelace;  Albany,   UIO,    \ol.    J, 
p   167)      In  the  Minutes  of  the  Executive  Council  of  the  Province  of  the 
New  York  Jan'ry  28th,  1672,  there  is  an  entry  "relatmg  ye  Miscarriage 
of  a  Packett  from  his  Ma'tie  [Majesty],  w'ch  Mr.  Gorsuch  was  to  give  Ac- 
cot  of,  but  his  Letter  IS  not  Arrived."   (Idem)  The  editor  o  the  recently 
published  Minutes  of  the  Executive  Council,   identUies  Mr.   Gorsuch 
the  bearer  of  the  Packett  as  Richard  Gorsuch  the  patentee  ot  the  tract 
on  the  Delaware,  but  on  what  grounds  he  does  not  state.     It  seems 
possible,  however,  that  his  brother  Robert  Gorsuch.  whose  whereabouts 
at  this  time  is  not  known,  might  well  have  been  in  New  York. 

Richard  Gorsuch^ ,  Oct.  3. 1603,  before  he  finally  left  Baltimore  County, 
purchased  from  Edward  Lloyd  200  acres  on  the  north  west  side  ot  Divid- 
ing Creek  on  the  north  side  of  the  Choptank  River,  part  ol  a  large  tract 
*In  later  deeds  this  tract  is  referred  to  as  "Richardson"  vulgarly 
known  as  "Walnutt  Neck'.'-see  deed  from  James  lodd  to  Mark  bwift 
(Balto.  Deeds;  H.  W.:  No.  2,  153). 


818 


.■n>  'vvl 


GENEALGOY.  319 

of  3050  acres  patented  by  Lloyd  and  known  as  "Hier  Dicr  Lloyd"  (Talbot 
Co.  Deeds  1;  G),  where  Richard  Gorsuch  and  his  descendants  appear  to 
have  afterwards  lived.  Tliere  is  an  acknowledgment  from  Thomas 
Powell,  dated  March  21,  1GG5-G  to  Ricliard  Gorsuch,  which  recites  ihat 
a  tract  of  land  at  the  head  of  the  norih  west  branch  of  the  Great  Ghop- 
tank  ["Old  Town"]  containing  hOO  acres,  had  been  surveyed  for  Thomas 
Powell  and  Richard  Gorsuch,  but  as  the  patent  had  been  issued  to  Powell, 
he  wishes  to  acknowledge  that  half  of  this  land  belongs  to  Gorsuch  (Tal- 
bot Co.  Deeds  A.  No.  1;  1G9).  With  it  is  hied  a  letter  from  Edward  Roe 
certifying  that  he  was  a  witness  to  this  acknowledgment.  This  tract 
was  afterwards  resurveyed  by  his  son,  Richard  Gorsuch'',  under  a  special 
warrant  issued  March  3,  1G95-G.  (Annap.  Warrents  Liber  A;  7G).  Henry 
Parnam  of  Talbot,  Jan.  20,  1671  deeded  his  personal  property  and  all  of 
his  landa  by  deed  of  gift  to  Richard  Gorsuch,  the  latter  agreeing  to  sujjply 
Parnam  "with  sufficient  food  and  rement  honestly  performed  as  becometh 
a  man  and  nourished  in  sickness  or  in  health — during  this  my  naturall 
life"  (idem;  34).  It  was  doubtless  in  this  way  that  Richard  Gorsuch 
acquired  "Rigby's  Marsh,"  300  acres,  afterwards  sold  by  his  son,  Rich- 
ard Gorsuch-'''  March  11,  1703-4  to  Howell  Powell  (Talbot  Deeds  9;  307). 
This  tract  lying  on  the  Cabin  Branch  of  the  Choptank  had  been  sold 
"3d  10th  month  1665"  by  James  Rigby  and  his  wife  Catherine  Rfingold] 
Rigby  to  Henry  Parnam  (Talbot  Deeds  A  No.  1;  23). 

The  Annapolis  Testamentary  Proceedings  show  that  Richard  (}or- 
such^  acted  as  Deputy  Commissary  for  Talbot  County  in  1674,  1675  and 
1676.  "Mr.  Richard  Gorsuch,"  Jan.  20th,  1673-4  was  a  Commissioner 
of  Talbot  County  (Talbot  Co.  Deeds  I  No.  A;  273).  Richard  Gorsuch 
was  appointed  March  2,  1675-6  one  of  the  "Gent.  Justices"  of  Talbot 
(Archiv.  Md.  15;  71).  It  is  uncertain  whether  Richard  Gorsuch  became 
a  Quaker,  as  his  brothers  Charles  and  Lovelace  and  his  sister  Elizabeth 
Powell  are  known  to  have  done.  It  is  of  course  possible  that  the  pur- 
chaser, Thomas  Powell,  was  responsible  for  the  Quaker  phraseology  of 
the  two  deeds  already  referred  to,  by  which  Richard  Gorsuch  transferred 
land  on  the  Patapsco  to  Powell. 

Under  the  will  of  lidward  Roe  of  Talbot  Co.  dated  March  4,  1675  and 
proved  July  3,  1676,  Thomas  Duncan,  the  son  of  the  testator's  wife,  re- 
ceived the  tract  "Bachelor's  Plantation,"  while  the  remainder  of  the 
land  was  left  to  his  wife  Mary  and  to  his  daughter  Elizabeth.  He  left 
10,000  pounds  of  tobacco  to  Anne  Gorsuch,  the  daughter  of  Richard 
Gorsuch  and  an  additional  10,000  pounds  to  be  divided  among  the  rest 
of  Richard  Gorsuch's  children.  The  widow,  Mary  Roe,  Capt.  Philamon 
Lloyd,  Capt.  Peter  Sayer  and  Richd.  Gorsuch  were  appointed  executors. 
(Annap.  Wills  5;  59).  Richard  Gorsuch  died  intestate  and  his  estate 
was  administered  upon  Apr.  2,  1G77  by  his  widow  Elizabeth  (Annap. 
Test.  Proc.  9,  23).  The  inventory  filed  June  23,  1677  showed  a  personal 
estate  of  36,624  pounds  of  tobacco  appraised  by  Thos.  Alexander  and 
Richard  Girling  (Annap.  Invs.  &  Accts.  4;  1S7).     A  petition  was  tiled  in 


prr 


A      WKI  ,f  .AJjjf 


320  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

the  Prerogative  Cuurt  Mareh  12,  1().S2  by  Samuel  Hatlon  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  Richard  Gori^uch,  in  which  it  was  recited  that  Edward 
Roe  left  a  legacy  of  10,000  pounds  of  tobacco  to  Ann,  daughter  of  Richard 
Gorsuch  and  a  like  amount  to  be  divided  among  Gorsuch's  other  children. 
It  is  further  recited  that  Ann  Gorr^uch  died  unmarried  and  that  Richard 
Gorsuch  at  the  time  of  the  death  of  Edward  Roe  had  four  cliildrLU  then 
living,  viz.,  Mary,  Richard,  Elizabeth,  and  Sarah,  one  of  v.hom,  Mary, 
had  since  married  Richard  Keene.  The  Court  ordered  the  two  executors, 
William  Combs  and  his  wife  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Richard  Roe  (the 
other  executors  ajjpointed  under  the  will  of  Edward  Roe  having  renounced) 
to  make  distribution  of  the  legacies  (Annnp.  Test.  Proc.  I'.i;  13).  En- 
tered at  the  end  of  Liber  II  of  the  Talbot  County  Court  Proceedings  are 
to  lie  found  a  number  of  seventeenth  century  records  of  births.  Among 
these  entries  are  the  follov.-ing:  Richard  Gorsuch,  the  sonn  of  Ricliard 
Gorsuch  was  born  Feb.,  1(372:  Charles  Gorsuch,  the  sonn  cjf  Rieiiard 
Gorsuch  born  Feb.,  KiTO.  These  are  both  unquestionably  the  sons 
fjf  Richard  Gorsuch'.  The  date  of  Charles  Gorsuch's  birth  being  really 
Feb.,  107G-7  explains  why  he  did  not  share  with  his  brother  and  si.-iers 
the  legacy  of  Edward  Roe  who  had  died  before  his  birth. 

From  the  above  evidence  Richard  Gorsuch^  appears  to  have  married 
prior  to  May  13,  16G1,  probably  before  coming  into  Maryland.  The 
surname  of  his  wife  Elizabeth  is  not  knovv-n.  It  would  appear  that  there 
may  be  a  relationship  between  her  and  Henry  Parnam  who  deeded  his 
property  to  Richard  Gorsuch  in  1(371.  It  is  also  possible  that  there  may 
have  been  a  connection  between  her  and  Edward  Roe  who  left  legacies 
to  the  Gorsuch  children.  It  is  known  from  the  petition  of  March  12 
1(382  that  she  married  secondly  Samuel  Hatton  of  Talbot  County.  She 
appears  to  have  married  him  prior  to  Sept.  23,  1078,  when  Samuel  Hatton, 
Gentleman,  and  his  wife  Elizabeth  convey  their  moiety  in  the  tract 
"Hatton"  to  Geo.  Conoley  (Talbot  Co.  Deeds  3;  215).  Samuel  Hatton  in 
a  deed  dated  Jan.  20,  1073-4  conveys  a  tract  called  "Chairpinham"  in  St. 
Michael's  River  to  Abraham  Bishopp,  in  which  Hatton  describes  him- 
self as  of  the  City  of  Bristol,  England,  merchant,  (idem  A.  No.  1;2S7-S). 
There  was  evidently  a  close  relationship  between  this  Samuel  Hatton 
and  a  "Thomas  Hatton  of  Tewkesbury  in  the  county  of  Glouster  in  the 
Kingdom  of  England,  brother  and  heir  of  John  Hatton  formerly  of 
London,"  as  all  three  are  mentioned  in  a  Maryland  Chancery  .suit  about 
1608-71  (Annap.  Chan.  Proc.  CD;  87-91).  In  this  suit  a  tract  "Persimmon 
Point,"  4.00  acres  in  Baltimore  County  on  Rumley  Creek  purchased  by 
John  Hatton  is  one  of  the  tracts  involved.  Samuel  Hatton  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth  March  11,  167S-9  gave  a  power  of  attorney  to  Charles  Gorsuch 
and  James  Phillips  to  convey  this  tract  to  Miles  Gibson  describing  it: 

"which  land  has come  into  the  hands  of  Samuel  Hatton"  (Balto. 

Deeds  IR;  PP.  32-33).  Samuel  Hatton  probably  died  in  1087-8  as  his 
estate  was  administered  upon  by  Elizabeth  Hatton  Mar.  8,  1087-8  (Test. 
Proc.  9;  474).     Whether  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  Hatton  had  issue  is  not 


GENEALGOY.  '"  321 

known.  The  widow  married  very  promptly  a  third  husband,  as  Herman 
fToakc's  and  Elizabeth  his  wife  soon  afterwards  file  an  account  (Test. 
Proc.  10;  184).  Nothing  further  has  been  learned  in  regard  to  this  last 
marriage. 

From  the  petition  in  regard  to  the  distribution  of  the  estate  of  Edward 
Roe  it  has  been  seen  that  Richard  Gur.'uch'  and  his  wife  Elizabeth  had 
live  children  bom  prior  to  July  3,  1G7G  viz.,  Anne,  Mary,  Richard,  Eliza- 
beth, and  Sarah,  while  from  the  old  Talbot  register  of  births  not  only 
the  date  of  the  birth  of  the  eldest  son  Richard  is  learned,  but  the  fact 
that  there  was  another  son,  Charles,  born  Feb.,  1076-7.  Down  to  this 
point  we  are  on  comparatively  solid  ground.  When  an  attempt  is  made 
however  to  trace  the  descendants  of  the  two  sons,  Richard"*  and  Charles'', 
difliculties  are  at  once  encountered  in  establishing  identities.  It  will  be 
recalled  that  Richard  Gorsuch''  and  his  younger  brother  Lovelace^  were 
the  only  two  of  the  four  Gorsuch  brothers  who  came  to  Maryland,  who 
settled  permanently  upon  the  Eastern  Shore,  the  former  establishing 
himself  in  Talbot  and  the  latter  in  Dorchester,  the  adjoining  County. 
Fortunately  the  line  of  Lovelace  Gorsuch-*  (see  post)  can  be  thoroughly 
worked  out  by  wills,  deeds  and  the  Tred  Avon  Quaker  Meeting  records. 
There  remain  however  a  considerable  number  of  individuals  bearing  the 
name  Gorsuch  found  recorded  in  the  registers  of  the  established  church 
of  Talbot  County,  and  among  the  other  county  records,  during  the  first 
half  of  the  eighteenth  century,  definitely  known  not  to  be  of  the  line  of 
Lovelace  Gorsuch*,  who  not  only  by  exclusion  but  by  various  indirect 
evidence,  would  certainly  appear  to  be  descendants  of  Richard^  and 
Charles^,  sons  of  Richard  Gorsuch'*.  In  view  of  the  impossibility  of 
drawing  positive  conclusions  from  the  insufficient  data  now  in  hand,  it 
seems  best  at  this  point  to  give  all  the  Gorsuch  entries  in  the  Register* 
of  old  St.  Peter's  Parish,  Talbot  County,  and  to  construct  therefrom, 
and  from  the  few  other  Gorsuch  references  of  this  period  available,  what 
must  be  a  more  or  less  tentative  pedigree  of  these  latter  lines.  It  is 
hoped  that  the  publication  oi  this  pedigree  may  be  the  means  of  bringing 
to  light  additional  evidence  from  sources  not  available  to  the  writer. 
The  writer  wishes  to  take  this  opportunity  of  thanking  Miss  Harriet 
P.  Marine,  of  Baltimore,  for  the  invaluable  assistance  she  has  rendered 
by  her  researches  among  the  Talbot  Covmty  Court  records,  and  for  the 
interesting  data  which  she  has  unearthed. 

Richard  Gossutch  and  Elizath.  Martin,  married  Dec.  3,  1696 

Charles  Gorsuch  and  Sarah  his  wife  married  12th  day  June,  1700  by  Mr. 

Nobbs,  minister 
Charles  Gorsuch,  son  Charles  &  Sarah  Gorsuch,  bom  Sept.  25,  1703 
Thomas  Bowdle  &  Sarah  Gorsuch  married  Dec.  6,  1709 
William  Ridgway  &  Sarah  Gorsuch  married  Nov.  19,  1724 

*Gorsuch  Entries — St.  Peter's  Parish  Register  Talbot  County 


I^Z 


*  iviu  .a£  V  -,  »T  rtuL 


>:0T1    fii    '.({li^   rr  "' 


322  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Charles  Gorsuch  married  Mary  Comich  Dec.  2,  172.5 

Sarah  Gorsuch,  daughter  of  Charles  &  Mary,  born  June  l.S,  172,S 

Elizabeth  Gorsuch,  daughter  Charles  &  Mary,  born  April  10,  1730 

John  Gorsuch,  son  Charles  &  Mary,  bom  March  14,  1731 

Hannah  Gorsuch,  daughter  of  Charles  He  Mary,  born  Feb.  20,  1733 

Richard  Gorsuch  &  Elizabeth  Eason  married  June  5,  1732 

Richard  Gorsuch  &  Mary  Wheeler  married  May  29,  1730 

Daniel  Gossage,  son  of  Charles  Gossage  &  Eve  Hopkins  his  wife,  bom 

Feb.  2S,  1760  married  Nov.  28,  1783  to  Elizabeth  Hopkins. 

St.  Luke's  Register,  Queen  Anne  County: 
Rachel  Gossage  married  John  Starkey,  June  20,  175S  by  license. 

Talbot  County  Marriage  Licenses: 
Charles  Gorsuch  married  Mary  Dodson,  Oct.  IS,  174G  by  license. 

Children    of    Richard"*     (john^,    Daniel^,    William i)    and    Elizabeth 
Gorsuch: 

1.  Anne  Gorsuch^   (Richard^,  John'^,   Daniel-,   William*).     Died  un- 

married prior  to  March  12,  1GS2. 

2.  Mary  Gorsuch^    (Richard*,  John^,   Daniel-,   William*).     Married 

prior  to  March  12,  1682,  Richard  Keene.     Line  not  traced. 

3.  Richard  Gorsuch^  (Richard*,  John^,  DanieF,  William*).     He  was 

bom  February  4,  1672  (Talbot  Co.  Court  Proc.  Liber  II).  There 
is  no  c^uestion  that  he  was  the  Richard  Cossutch*,  who  Dec.  3, 
1696  married  Elizabeth  Martin  (St.  Peter's  Reg.).  Her  identity 
has  not  been  determined  with  certainty.  She  was  probably  the 
daughter  of  Thomas  Martin,  who  appears  to  have  lived  on  the 
plantation,  also  a  part  of  the  tract  "Hier  Dier  Lloyd,"  adjoining 
the  land  of  Richard  Gorsuch  on  Dividing  Creek  branch  of  the 
Choptank  Rixer,  and  who  Feb.  8,  1693-4  petitioned  the  Coiuicil  of 
Maryland  to  order  a  resurvey  of  the  bounds  between  his  plantation 
and  that  of  Richard  Gorsuch  (Archiv.  Md.  26;  38-9).  This  Thomas 
Martin  in  his  will  dated  August  27,  1690,  proved  August  2,  1705, 
names  his  sons,  vSamuel,  Thomas,  William,  Henry,  and  Robert 
Martin,  and  his  wife  Jane,  but  only  makes  reference  to  a  daughter 
Hannah  (Annap.  Wills;  3;  067).  That  he  had  at  least  one  other 
daughter  seems  certain  from  the  will  of  his  son, Thomas  Martin,  Jr., 
of  Talbot,  dated  Jan.  5,  1715,  proved  June  14,  1741  in  which  he  men- 
tions his  sister,  Mary  Lyon  (Annap.  Wills  1741).  There  seems 
every  likelihood  therefore  that  Thomas  Martin,  Sr.  had  other 
daughters  provided  for  during  his  life  and  therefore  not  mentioned 
in  his  will,  one  of  whom  apparantly  married  Richard  Gorsuch^. 
There  is  a  tomlistone  in  the  old  Martin  graveyard  at  "Hampden," 

*The  name  is  spelt  Cossutch  in  the  original  register;  in  the  Md.  Hist. 
Soc.  transcript  it  has  been  incorrectly  copied  Gossuloh. 


Oi 


f^riojjfl 


•tw  bo«c  1 

S 


GENEALOGY.  '  323 

Talbot,  Countyof  "Elizabeth  Martin  ye  daughter  of  Thomas  Mar- 
tin"died  lG7G(Ridi,'ley's  Historic  Graves  of  Maryland;  219).  It  was 
probably  another  daughter  of  the  same  name,  born  shortly  after- 
wards, who  married  Richard  Gorsuch-"'.  The  Martins  of  Talbot 
have  been  an  intiuential  family  for  generations.  Richard  Gorsuch 
July  17,  1700,  leased  to  Alexander  Boyess  [Boyce]  a  tract,  unnamed 
and  of  unstated  acreage,  upon  which  Boyess  was  then  living,  lying 
on  the  north  side  of  Divitling  Creek  adjoining  the  plantation  of 
Thomas  Martin,  during  the  life  of  Alexander  Boyess  and  his  wife 
Sarah  (Talbot  Co.  Deeds;  11;  20).  Richard  Gorsuch,  Dec.  27, 
1703  conveys  to  Nicholas  Goldsborough  his  one-third  interest  in 
the  tract  "Old  Town,"  SOO  acres  (Talbot  Co.  Deeds  9,  2G2).  This 
was  the  same  tract  which  had  been  sur\'eyed  originally  for  his 
father  Richard  Gorsuch"*  and  Thomas  Powell.  Richard  Gorsucii^ 
March  11,  1703  conveyed  to  Howell  Powell  a  tract  of  300  acres 
called  "Rigby's  Marsh"  on  Cabin  Branch  of  the  Choptank  River 
(Talbot  Deeds;  9;  307).  It  has  already  been  shown  that  this 
tract  had  been  acquired  by  his  father,  Richard  Gorsuch*  from 
Henry  Parnam.  Richard  Gorsuch^  died  in  1705,  as  his  widow, 
Elizabeth  Gorsuch,  exhibited  her  administration  bond,  with  John 
MuUikin  and  John  Lyon  her  securities  in  £200,  Oct.  7,  1705  (Test. 
Proc.  19B;  S9).  The  inventory  of  Richard  Gorsuch  of  Talbot 
County  showing  personal  property  valued  at  £103:10:10  was  tileii 
Ajjr.  17,  1700;  and  the  administration  account  by  Elizabeth  Gor- 
such, the  widow,  filed  July  19,  1706,  showed  a  total  personal 
estate  of  £438:8:10  (Annap.  Inv.  &  Accts.  25;  371  &  42). 
The  Talbot  County  Rent  Roll  for  1707  (Md.  Hist.  Soc. 
MSS.),  shows  that  Richard  Gorsuch's  widow  was  then  in 
possession  of  200  acres,  a  part  of  "Hier  Dier  Lloyd," 
bought  by  his  father  in  10G3.  As  corroborative  evidence  of  the 
identity  of  Elizabeth  iMartin,  the  wife  of  Richard  Gorsuchs,  it 
should  be  noted  that  one  of  her  sureties  for  the  administration  of 
her  husband's  estate  was  John  Lyon.  It  will  be  recalled  that 
Thomas  IMartin,  Jr.  had  a  sister  Mary  Lyon.  This  supports  the 
theory  that  Elizabeth  Martin,  who  married  Richard  Gorsuch^, 
was  probably  a  sister  of  Thomas  Martin,  Jr.  Furthermore  ihe 
lease  executed  in  1751  by  Thomas  Martin  to  Richard  Gorsuch'",  at  a 
nominal  rent,  of  "Hier  Dier  Lloyd"  for  the  remainder  of  Richard's 
life  may  indicate  that  Martin  wished  to  render  assistance  to  a 
hard-up  relation.  The  widow  of  Richard  Gorsuch^  was  living  in 
1733,  when  she  appears  in  the  Annapolis  Debt  Book  as  charged 
with  the  quit  rent  of  "Hier  Dier  Lloyd."  Richard  Gorsuch,  who 
appears  in  a  transaction  involving  the  Gorsuch  tract,  part  of  "Hier 
Dier  Lloyd,"  in  1724  was  certainly  the  son  of  Richard^  and  Eliza- 
beth (Martin).     It  is  mot  known  whether  there  were  other  childrcm. 


£SZ 


324  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ['^n, 

Issue  of  Richard'^  and  Elizabeth  (Martin)  Gorsuch: 

(l)  Richard"  Gorsuch  (Richard^,  Richard-*,  John'',  Daniel-, 
William^).  Born  prior  to  1706.  The  marriage  of  Richard 
Gorsuch  and  Elizabeth  Eason  took  place  June  5,  1732  (St. 
Peter's  Register).  Again  May  29,  1739  the  marriage  of 
Richard  Gorsuch  and  Mary  Wheeler  is  recorded  (idem). 
What  little  else  is  known  in  regard  to  Richard  Gorsuch^  is 
learned  through  a  rather  remarkable  series  of  transactions 
in  which  the  Gorsuch  portion  of  the  tract,  "Hier  Dier  Lloyd," 
figures.  Richard  Gorsuch  Sept.  7,  1724  leases  all  this  tract 
of  200  acres  to  Loftus  Bowdle  for  the  life  of  Loftus  and  the 
latter's  son  Thomas,  With  this  lease  was  filed  the  bond  of 
•  Loftus  Bowdle  under  which  he  binds  himself  in  return  to  pro- 

vide for  Richard  Gorsuch  during  the  remainder  of  Gorsuch's 
,  V  life.  This  bond  is  of  considerable  interest  as  it  gives  a  pic- 
t  ■  turesque  view  of  the  every-day  life  of  the  times,  and  would 
seem  to  be  a  not  unusual  form  of  agreement  existing  in  Talbot 
County  in  early  times,  and  if  carried  out  in  spirit,  was  not 
altogether  an  unsatisfactory  method  of  assuring  a  comfortable 
old  age  to  a  broken-down  relation  or  friend.  Bowdle  under- 
takes "to  keep  and  maintain  Richard  Gorsuch  in  good  and 
sufficient  drink,  washing,  lodging  and  wearing  apparell  of 
.  (  every  kind  with  all  other  necessarys  suitable  to  the  following 
•  1  stuffs  or  chattels,  to  be  worn  by  the  said  Gorsuch  according 
to  the  season  of  the  year,  that  is  in  summer  sogathy,  duroy, 
or  camblet,  in  the  winter  English  kersey,  or  for  want  of  these, 
some  other  like  price  service  and  decency,  and  also  to  keep 
or  provide  saddles  and  bridles  for  the  said  Richard  Gorsuch 
his  use,  farther  the  said  Loftus  hath  undertaken  for  the  said 
Richard  to  free  &  exempt  him  from  all  manner  of  public  tax 
or  pole  money  whatsoever,  and  from  all  labor,  and  also  to  pay 
unto  the  said  Richard  Gorsuch  three  gallons  of  rum  or  brandy, 
[a  year]  and  two  barrels  of  maze  or  Indian  com  with  good  and 
sufficient  pasturage  for  one  horse— during  the  whole  term  of  the 
natural  life  of  the  said  Richard  and  no  longer — and  to  maintain 
i  and  keep  or  cause  to  be  maintained  or  kept  in  the  dwelling- 
".  house  of  him  the  said  Loftus  and  his  heirs  with  good  and  suf- 
ficient meat,  drink,  and  all  other  things  necessary — so  that  the 
before  mentioned  Richard  be  handsomely  and  neatly  kept  and 
maintained — (signed)  Loftus  Bowdle."  (Talbot  Deeds  13;  135- 
145).  Thomas  Bowdle,  the  son  of  Loftus,  and  his  wife  Mary, 
Sept.  22,  1741  sold  to  Thomas  Martin  what  would  seem  to  be 
their  leasehold  interest  in  a  part  of  the  Gorsuch  tract  (idem 
15;  92),  and  July  22,  1746  the  remainder  of  the  tract  to  Martin. 
There  was  some  difficulty  about  the  title  for  it  would  appear 
from  the  deed  that  Martin  had  brought  suit  against  Bowdle 


IV 


IS 


oi 


GENEALOGY.  325 

in  the  Provincial  Court  Apr.  1740,  and  that  the  Court  had 
ordered  Richard  Gor.such  and  Thomas  Bowdle  to  execute 
confirmatory  deeds  (idem  16;  294,  297,  311).  Apparently  to 
perfect  the  title,  Thomas  Martin  July  16,  1751  leases  part  of 
this  same  tract  to  Richard  Gorsuch  for  the  latter's  life,  and 
immediately  thereafter  Richard  Gorsuch  assigns  his  lease  to 
Loftus  Bowdle  (idem  17;  524).  It  will  be  recalled  that  there 
was  a  connection  between  the  Gorsuch  and  Bowdle  families, 
Thomas  Bowdle  having  married  Sarah  Gorsuch  Dec.  6,  1709. 
It  is  supposed  that  this  Sarah  Gorsuch  was  the  aunt  of  Rich- 
ard^. No  further  trace  of  Richard  Gorsuch  has  been  found 
in  the  records,  nor  is  it  known  whether  he  left  descendants. 

4.  Elizabeth  Gorsuch^  (Richard'*,  John^,  Daniel-,  William^-     Living 

and  unmarried  in  16S2.     Not  traced. 

5.  Sarah  Gorsuch^  (Richard-*,  John•^  DanieF,  William').     Living  and 

unmarried  in  1GS2.  It  was  probably  this  Sarah  Gorsuch  who 
Dec.  6,  1709  married  Thomas  Bowdle  (St.  Peter's  Register).  The 
Register  records  the  birth  of  Joseph  son  of  Tho.  and  Sarah  Bowdle 
30th  8th  mo  1710,  and  also  records  the  death  of  Sarah  Bowdle 
May  12,  1724.     This  Bowdle  line  has  not  been  worked  out. 

6.  Charles  Gorsuch^  (Richard  •',John^,  Daniel-,  William')-     He  was 

bom  Feb.  1670-7  (Talbot  Co.  Court  Proc.  liber  II).  The  St.  Peter's 
Register  records  the  marriage  June  12,  1701  of  "Charles  Gorsuch 
and  Sarah  his  wife"  and  the  birth  of  Charles,  son  of  Charles 
and  Sarah  Gorsuch,  Sept.  25,  1703.  The  birth  of  no  other  child 
of  this  marriage  is  recorded.  The  Sarah  Gorsuch  whose  marriage 
Nov.  19,  1724  to  William  Ridgway  is  recorded  in  the  St.  Peter's 
Register  may  be  another  child  of  Charles^  or  she  may  be  a  child 
of  his  brother  Richard'^.  The  name  Sarah  rather  suggests  the 
first  possibility.  The  date  of  Charles  Gorsuch^  death  is  not 
known,  neither  has  his  v/ill  nor  administration  been  found.  The 
will  of  John  Burnyeyat  (Barnyeat)  of  Talbot  County  dated  Apr. 
26,  1726  and  proved  Aug.  3,  1720,  mentions  his  kinsman  Charles 
Gorsuch  (Annap.  Wills  19;1).  This  may  refer  however  either  to 
this  Charles^  or  to  his  son  Charles". 
Issue  of  Charles^  and  Sarah  Gorsuch: 

(1)  Charles  Gorsuch*'  (Charles-\  Richard^  John-',  DanieF,  Will- 
iami).  Born  Sept.  25,  1703  (St.  Peter's  Register).  This  is 
unquestionably  the  Charles  Gorsuch  whose  marriage  to  Mary 
Comich  Dec.  2,  1725  is  recorded  (St.  Peter's  Register).  A 
Talbot  County  deposition  gives  the  age  of  Charles  Gorsuch 
as  35  or  30  in  1741  (Dr.  Christopher  Johnston's  Depositions 
MSS. ) .  Nothing  further  has  been  learned  in  regard  to  Charles 
Gorsuch''  except  the  record  of  the  births  [)etween  1728-1733, 
of  four  children  of  Charles  and  Mary  Gor.such  in  the  St.  Peter's 
Register  viz.,  Sarah,  Elizabeth,  John  and  Hannah.     There  is 


ssc 


.8 


rl  3TJf;  I         rli.ti, 


II.  ?  I   v., Its  ririo,    .ii.'t'.i' 


.«IV   J->i«ri3J3>( 


I 


32G 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


no  Register  record  of  the  birth  of  a  son  Charles,  although  there 
is  every  likelihood  that  the  Charles  Gorsuch  who  married 
Eve  Hopkins  prior  to  1700,  was  another  son.  There  may  also 
have  been  another  son  Robert  (see  foot  note*).  Whether  the 
Charles  Gorsuch  who  married  Mary  Dodson  174G  is  Charles*^ 
making  a  second  marriage  or  a  son  Charles'^  is  uncertain. 
Issue  of  Charles*^  and  Mary  (Cornich)  Gorsuch: 

i.?  Charles  Gorsuch^?  (Charles",  Charles^,  RichardS  John^, 
Daniel-,  William').  As  stated  before  there  was  a  Charles 
Gorsuch  living  in  Talbot  during  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century, who  for  the  following  reasons  would  seem  to  belong 
here.  A  Talbot  County  marriage  license  to  Charles  Gorsuch 
and  Mary  Dodson  was  issued  Oct.  IS,  1746.  The  St.  Peter's 
Register  records  the  birth  of  Daniel  son  of  Charles  Gossage 
and  Eve  Hopkins  his  wife  Feb.  28,  17G0.  It  seems  probable 
that  the  latter  record  alone  refers  to  Charles  Gorsuch^.  The 
writer  has  seen  a  deposition  made  by  Mrs.  Elizabeth  (Gorsuch) 
West  a  granddaughter  of  Charles  Gorsuch  the  husband  of  Eve 
Hopkins,  dated  June  4,  1880,  she  being  then  74  years  old,  in 
which  she  declares  that  her  grandfather  who  is  buried  in  White 
Marsh  Church  (St.  Peter's  Parish)  near  Oxford,  Talbot 
County, was  a  son  of  Charles  Gorsuch  of  Talbot.  The  affidavit 
gives  the  children  of  her  grandfather  Charles  Gorsuch  as 
Daniel,  Peter,  Solomon,  James,  Joshua,  Samuel,  Elizabeth 
and  Nancy,  the  deponent  being  a  daughter  of  Peter.  The 
statements  contained  in  this  deposition  are  confirmed  by  an 
entry  in  the  St.  Peter's  Register:  "Daniel  Gossage,  son  of 
Charles  Gossage  &  Eve  Hopkins  his  wife,  born  Feb.  28,  17G0 
married  Nov.  28,  1783  to  Elizabeth  Hopkins."  If  the  order 
of  birth  of  the  children  as  given  in  the  deposition  is  correct, 
is  it  probable  that  they  were  all  the  children  of  Charles  and 
Eve  (Hopkins)  Gorsuch.  It  also  seems  probable  that  the 
Gorsuch  family  of  Talbot,  which  until  comparatively  recently 
was  rather  numerous  in  that  county,  were  all  descended  from 
this  Charles,  many  of  them  adopting  the  spelling  Gossage* 
later.     These  lines  are  not  carried  down  here. 


*In  "Heads  of  Families— Maryland,  1790,"  under  Talbot  County 
are  to  be  found  the  following  "heads":  Charles  Gossage,  with  1  free 
male  under  16,  and  2  free  white  females;  Robert  Gossage,  with  4  free 
white  males  under  16,  and  2  free  White  females;  Daniel  Gossage,  with 
2  free  white  males  under  16,  and  2  free  white  females;  John  Gossage, 
with  one  other  free  white  male  over  16,  and  3  free  white  females; 
Greenberry  Gossage,  with  4  free  white  females,  In  the  lists  the  first 
two  names  immediately  follow  each  other,  as  do  the  last  three.  All 
are  doubtless  of  this  same  line,  although  some  cannot  be  placed.  No 
other  indiviiluals  bearing  the  name  Gossage  or  Gorsuch  are  found  in 
the  lists  of  any  of  the  other  Eastern  Shore  counties. 


.^u.^-; 


IrUGK    Willi  AM    Fl.lCMING 


Negative  Property  of 

H.  P.  Cook.  Photographer, 

Richmond,  Va. 


.^     .^.'    fa-ifrV.IW  . 


GENEALOGY.  '  '  327 

ii.  Sarah  Gorsuch"  (Charles^,  Charles^,  Richard*,  John '^,  DanieP, 

Williami).     Born  June  13,  1728  (St.  Peter's  Reg.), 
lii.  Elizabeth    Gorsuch^    (Charles^.   Charles-'',    Richard'*,    John^, 

Daniel-.  William^).     Born  Apr.  16,  1730  (St.  Peter's  Reg.). 
iv.  John  Gorsuch^  (Charles",  Charles^,  Richard"*,  John^,  Daniel^, 

Williami).     Born  March  14,  1731  (St.  Peter's  Reg.). 
V.  Hannah     Gorsuch"     (Charles'%     Charles^,     Richard*,     John^, 

Daniel^,  Williami).     Born  Feb.  20,  1733  (St.  Peter's  Reg.). 
(2)  ?  Sarah  Gorsuch''  ?  (Charles^ ,  Richard"* ,  John-' ,  Daniel2 ,  Williami ) . ? 

It  seems  probable  that  the  Sarah  Gorsuch  whose  marriage  Nov. 
19,  1724  to  William  Ridgway  is  recorded  in  the  St.  Peter's  Register 
belongs  here.     This  line  has  not  been  traced. 


The  Ancesioks  and  I.'Escendants  of  Jok.v  Roue  with  Notes  on  some 
Connected  F.xmieiks.  v,r 

The  Fi.EMiNfi  Family.  .    :>  i- 

(Continued)  '  '      ' 

13.  WiLLi.AM^  Fleminc;,  "fourth  son  and  si.xth  child  was  born  at  Mt. 
Pleasant  in  the  county  of  Goochland  (now  Powhatan)  on  the  6th  day  of 
July  1736,  and  married  Bettie  Champe,  the  6th  and  youngest  daughter 
of  Col.  John  Champe,  late  of  the  county  of  Kmg  George  (merchant)  on 
the  fifth  day  of  Oct.  1766  and  had  issue  four  daughters  who  lived  to  be 
women,  and  one  son.  He  died  at  Summerville,  February  15,  1824." 
{Family  Bible). 

William  Fleming  was  educated  at  'William  and  Mary  College,  and 
while  there  was  the  collegemate  and  friend  of  Jefferson,  and  others,  who 
became  leaders  in  the  Revolution,  and  with  whom  he  remained  on  inti- 
mate terms  in  after  life.  On  completing  his  College  course  he  studied 
for  the  bar,  aq^d  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Cumberland  and  the 
neighboring  counties.  Not  long  before  the  Revolution  he  entered  public 
life,  taking  his  seat  as  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Cumber- 
land in  February,  1772,  and  was  reelected  to  the  sessions  of  March  1773, 
May  1774,  August  1774,  and  June  1775.  Like  all  his  family,  Wm.  Fleming 
was  an  active  supporter  of  American  rights,  and  in  Feb.  1775  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  county  committee  of  safety  of  Cumberland.  He  was  recom- 
mended by  the  committee  for  appointment  as  Colonel  of  the  militia  of 
the  coiuity,  and  qualified  in  this  office  by  taking  the  oath  Oct.  23d,  1775. 
On  Nov.  26,  1775,  when  a  new  election  was  held  to  choose  members  of  the 
committee,  he  received  next  to  the  highest  vote,  and  on  October  28,  1776  ' 
was  again  re-elected,  he  and  George  Carrington  receiving  the  same  vote, 


\^K 


:U2) 


/.  auT 


io?;  V 


J'Jl-  CJI   '    D;  iJ 


^:i' 


)  'I  '  ■.  :  III !   ^t 


328  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ■     • 

more  than  was  cast  for  any  other  (Journal  of  Committee).  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Conventions  of  Marcli  1775,  July  1775,  December  1775, 
and  of  that  which  met  May  0,  1770,  and  declared  the  independence  of 
Virginia,  and  in  the  last  named  he  was  a  inemljcr  of  the  "independence 
committee."  {Jourtiuls  of  Conventions).  -After  the  establishment  of 
the  state  government  he  continued  a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates, 
representing  Cumberland  in  Oct.  177G,  Dec.  1770,  May  1777,  and  Oct. 
1777,  and  Powhatan  (which  had  been  formed  from  Cumberland)  in  the 
sessions  of  May  and  October  1778,  Dec.  1779,  and  Chesterfield  in  May  and 
Nov.  1780.  During  the  sessions  of  1780,  he  was  Chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee of  the  whole.  On  Dec.  10th,  1778  the  Virginia  As.senibly  elected 
him  a  member  of  Congress,  in  the  room  of  John  Banister  resigned,  to 
serve  until  August  11,  1778.  {Journals  of  House  of  Delegates).  lie  ap- 
pears not  to  have  taken  his  seat  in  the  latter  bcjdy  until  April  28,  ]77»>, 
for  on  that  date  the  Journals  of  Congress  record  that  he  attended  and 
presented  his  credentials.  On  Xm'.  20,  1780  the  Virginia  Legislature 
again  honored  hmi  by  electing  him  a  judge  of  the  General  Court,  and 
some  years  later  promoted  him  to  the  bench  of  the  newly  formed  Ci)urt 
of  Appeals.  His  commission  to  the  latter  position,  dated  Dec.  31,  17SS, 
and  signed  by  Gov.  Beverley  Randolph,  is  preserved. 

Nor  was  it  only  in  a  civil  capacity  that  Wm.  Fleming  rendered  service 
during  the  Revolution.  When  the  county  of  Powhatan  was  formed  from 
Cumberland  he  was  appointed  county  lieutenant,  his  commission,  signed 
by  Gov.  Henry,  bearing  the  date  July  31st,  1777.  He  probably  held  this 
office  for  several  years,  and  as  documents  remaining  show,  rendered 
useful  service.  Among  the  few  of  his  papers  which  remain  is  a  subscrip- 
tion list  taken  in  Powhatan  county,  for  the  purpo.se  of  paying  bounties  to 
recruits  and  preventing  a  draught  of  the  militia.  It  is  as  follows,  the 
number  after  the  names  indicating  the  number  of  dollars  subscribed: 

"We  the  subscribers  hereby  oblige  ourselves  to  pay  on  demand,  to  the 
commander  of  the  militia  of  Powhatan,  the  several  sums  of  money  set 
against  our  names  respectively,  to  be  by  him  equally  distributed  amongst 
such  able  bodied  men  as  will  engage  to  serve  in  one  of  the  Virginia  regi- 
ments on  continental  establishment,  for  one  year,  in  order  to  prevent  a 
draught  of  the  militia  for  completing  the  sd  regiments;  provided  that  not 
more  than  200  dollars,  besides  the  public  bounty,  be  paid  to  any  one 
person  so  enlisting. 

"Wm.  Fleming  40,  Cha.  Fleming  30,  Wm.  Mayo  30,  Jas.  Bagbey  10, 
Samuel  Hobson  10,  Thomas  Moseley  10,  Robt.  Hatcher  10,  Wm.  Tucker 
Jur.  10,  Jos.  Mayo  10,  Thos.  Harris  20,  Robt.  Smith  10,  John  Moseley  10, 
Littleberry  Mosby  40,  David  Hughes  10,  Joseph  Thomson  10,  Wm. 
Pointer  3,  Pete  Wilkinson  3,  Jas.  Wilkinson  5,  Absalom  Toler  4,  Saml. 
White  3,  Patrick  Fitzsimmons  4,  Danl.  Hi.x  3,  Rd.  Cnimp  30,  Robt. 
Richardson  10,  John  Moss,  D.  Creek  6,  Chas.  Rice  4,  Saml.  Woodson  0, 
John  Porter  10,  John  Steuart  Senr.  5,  Geo.  Mosl)y  S,  Kdv.-ard  Mumfcjrd 
20,  James  Pleasants  10,  S.  Hyde  Saunders  10,  Jas.  Drake  10,  Henry  Bagby 


.8 


GENEALOGY. 


329 


Jr.  6,  W.  Watson  Sr.  3,  Sam.  Webster  4,  John  Wilkinson  4,  Ananias  Han- 
cock 3,  W.  Goode  5,  T.  Wilkinson  2,  P.  F.  Turpin  20,  Capt.  Binns  2,  Wm. 
Karr  3,  Thos.  Epperson  3,  Jesse  Winfree  7,  Jas.  Toler  2,  John  Wilkinson 
10,  John  Perkins  4,  Jos.  Baker  3,  Peter  Crawford  10,  Jas.  Kerr  2,  AIj. 
Stovall  2,  Egbert  Woodfin  2,  John  Gilbies  0,  Otey  Prosser  4,  Wm.  Scott 
3,  Danl.  Bagby  3,  Bennett  Goode  10,  Edwd.  Cox  20,  Wm.  Bagby  0,  John 
Cannifax  5,  John  French  2,  John  Carter  10,  Jacob  Moseley  4,  John  Hurt 
3,  J.  P.  Bondurant  4,  John  Welburn  4,  Saml.  Morgan  4,  Wm.  Moss  4, 
Wm.  Hules  9,  Jos.  Vaughan,  Frank  Stegar  10,  Sandy  Cousins  3,  John 
Bryant  1,  Wm.  Bennet  1,  Wm.  Howard  2,  Jos.  Salle  2,  Jas.  Scott  3,  Wm. 
Cooper  10,  Wm.  Forsie  10,  John  Sublit  0,  John  Depp  4,  John  Harris  4, 
John  Sandefar  4,  Wm.  Burner  S,  Wm.  Street  5,  John  Short  5,  Fell  Leseur 
3,  C.  Forsie  10,  Robt.  Cardin  5,  Peter  Lookado  10,  Jos.  Clark  3,  David 
Flournoy  2,  Shadrach  Roper  12,  Lewis  Chadoin  8,  Henry  Holman  10, 
Danl.  Branch  5,  Noel  T>acy  3,  John  Deans  30,  Robt.  Moseley  5,  John  Har- 
ris 20,  Martin  Leseur  o,  Anth'y  Martin  20,  Geo.  Stov.  Smith  10,  Wm. 
Burton  5,  John  Howard  20,  John  Moss  3,  Dutoy  Branch  2,  Wm.  Gay  40, 
John  Moss,  5,  David  Lync  5,  John  Bernard  2o,  Danl.  Scott,  John  King, 
Jas.  Bedford. 

"Rec'd  of  Vincent  Markham  12th  Feby  177S,  £23.  3.  9,  or  77  dollars  and 
1.  9d.  W.  Fleming. 

"Besides  wch  Jno.  Baugh  pd.  20  and  T.  Dawson  10  dollars.  W.  F.  p'd 
at  the  G.  muster  100  dollars  to  Vine.  xMarkham,  wlio  gave  30  of  them  to 
Rd.  Crump. 

"Collected  by  V.  Markham  and  W.  Mayo  at  Gen.  Muster  207  Dollars." 

From  1788  until  his  death,  thirty  six  years,  Wm.  Fleming  remauied 

a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and  from  1810,  was  President  of  the  court. 

While  not  a  man  of  brilliant  talents  Judge  Fleming  was  an  able  lawyer, 

and  an  efficient  and  useful  judge. 

In  the  series  of  biographical  sketches  of  Virginia  judges  given  in  Coil's 
Reports  (IV,  XIX)  it  is  .said:  "He  had  good  sense,  was  an  ardent  patriot, 
and  a  very  upright  judge.  Indulging  in  no  theories  or  suljtilties,  his 
opinions  were  on  the  honest  side  of  the  cause;  and  always  aiming  to  de- 
cide rightly,  he  generally  attained  his  object." 

Another  writer  says:  "Roane  could  give  more  reasons  for  his  oi)inion; 
but  Fleming  was  most  apt  to  be  right." 

The  Richmond  Encjuirer  of  Feb.  19,  1824,  prints  a  brief  obituary:  "We 
pay  the  melencholy  duty  we  owe  to  a  pure,  revolutionary  patriot,  a 
most  venerable  citizen,  an  upright  judge,  in  recording  the  death  of 
William  Fleming,  esquire,  Presiding  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Ajjpeals  of 
Virginia,  fte  has  descended  to  the  tomb  full  of  years  and  accompanied 
by  the  universal  resiject  of  his  fellow  citizens.  The  life  of  such  a  man 
calls  for  something  more  than  a  hasty  paragraph  in  a  newspaper.  We 
should  feel  obliged  to  the  pen  which  will  furnish  us  witli  a  biographical 
sketch  of  the  deceased  patriot,  who  has  served  his  country  near  GO 
years." 


«»«}  T  SifiO<: 


330  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

In  the  House  of  Delegates  of  Virginia,  on  Feb.  inih,  "On  motion  of  Mr. 
Braneh  the  following  resolution  was  adopted. 

"Resolved  unanimously,  That  this  House  from  a  grateful  sense  of  the 
long  and  faithful  public  services  of  the  late  William  Fleming,  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Appeals,  feel  the  deepest  sympathy  on 
account  of  his  death. 

In  offering  this  resolution,  Mr.  Branch  made  a  few  handsome  and 
appropriate  remarks,  in  eulogy  of  the  merits  and  virtues  of  that  venerable 
and  beloved  citizen.  His  faithful  and  gallant  services  during  the  whole 
of  the  Revolution,  both  in  the  armies  and  the  councils  of  the  nation;  his 
able  and  upright  services  for  more  than  half  a  century,  without  the  inter- 
mission of  a  day,  in  the  various  public  stations,  to  which  the  admiration 
and  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens  had  called  him,  were  all  referred  to 
by  Mr.  Branch  as  giving  him  a  just  claim  to  this  tribute  of  respect  and 
gratitude.  But,  Mr.  Branch  said,  his  amiable  and  gentlemanly  deport- 
ment, his  merits  as  a  man;  as  a  patriot,  and  as  a  friend  and  servant  of  his 
country,  were  too  well  known  to  recjuire  of  him  the  least  illustration." 

Judge  Fleming  was  throughout  life  a  careful  and  systematic  man  in 
matters  of  business,  and  at  his  death  left  a  large  quantity  of  papers,  and 
letters,  neatly  filed,  filling  several  barrels.  In  addition  to  his  own 
papers  covering  a  public  life  of  fifty  years  or  more,  there  were  many  which 
had  belonged  to  his  father,  and  brothers,  to  all  of  whom  he  was  surviving 
executor.  This  very  valuable  collection  (which  included  his  diary  for 
many  years)  was  almost  entirely  lost  through  the  carelessness  of  his 
executor,  and  the  latter' s  representatives. 

In  the  Southern  Literary  Messenger  for  1837,  pp.  304-30G,  are  printed 
several  letters  from  Jefferson  to  William  Fleming,  and  one  from  Fleming 
to  Washington.  The  first  letter  is  without  date;  but  was  evidently 
written  shortly  before  the  second,  in  1704.  These  letters  were  found 
among  Judge  Fleming's  papers.  The  second  letter  is  endorsed  by  the 
recipient  "Tom  Jefferson's  letter  20th  March,  1764."  The  third  letter, 
not  represented  here,  is  a  request  that  Fleming  take  charge  of  the  busi- 
ness of  the  Clients  of  Dabney  Carr,  who  had  just  died,  and  the  fourth  and 
fifth  (neither  reprinted  here)  are  on  political  subjects.  The  first  two  are 
given  as  illustrations  of  the  life  of  the  time  and  of  the  intimacy  between 
Fleming  and  Jefferson. 

"Ri  xxxx 

"Dear  Will, 

From  a  crowd  of  disagreeable  coinpcinions,  among  whom  I  have  spent 
three  or  four  of  the  most  tedious  hours  of  my  life,  I  retire  into  Gunn's 
bedchamber  to  converse  in  black  and  white  with  an  absent  friend.  I 
heartily  wish  your  were  here  that  I  might  converse  with  a  Christian  once 
more  before  I  die:  for  die  I  must  this  night  unless  I  should  be  relieved 
by  the  arrival  of  some  sociable  fellow,  but  I  will  now  endeavor  to  forget 
my  present  sufferings  and  think  of  what  is  more  agreeable  to  both  of  us. 


••  """^--"-■=1  <• 


"'  '  GENEALOGY.  »..Lt>Ju'  331 

last  Saturday  1  leit  Ned  Carters  ["Blenheim,"  Albemarlel  where  I  had 
been  happy  in  other  good  company,  but  particularly  that  of  Miss  Jenny 
Taliaferro  and  though  I  can  view  the  beauties  of  this  world  with  the 
most  philosophical  indifference,  I  could  not  but  be  sensible  of  the  justice 
of  the  character  you  had  given  me  of  her.  she  has  in  my  opinion  a  great 
resemblance  of  Nancy  Wilton,  [Ann  Randolph  of  "Wilton"]  but  prettier. 
I  was  vastly  pleased  with  her  playing  on  the  spinnette  and  singing,  and 
could  not  help  calling  to  mind  those  sublime  verses  of  the  Cumberland 
genius. 

"Oh!  how  I  was  charmed  to  see 
\  Orpheus'  music  all  in  thee." 
When  you  see  Patsy  Dandridge,  tell  'god  bless  her.'  I  do  not  like  the 
ups  and  downs  of  a  country  life;  today  you  are  frolicking  with  a  fine  girl 
and  tomorrow  3'ou  are  moping  by  yourself.  Thank  god  I  I  shall  shortly  be 
where  my  happiness  will  be  less  interrupted.  I  shall  salute  all  the  girls  be- 
low in  your  name,  particularly  S — y  P — r.  dear  Will  1  have  thought  of  the 
cleverest  plan  of  life  that  can  be  imagined,  you  exchange  your  land  for 
Edgehill,  or  I  mine  for  Fairfields,  you  marry  S — y  P — r,  I  marry  R- — a 
B — 1  [Rebecca  Burwell,  his  "Belinda"],  join  and  get  a  pole  chair  and  a 
pair  of  keen  horses,  practise  the  law  in  the  same  courts,  and  drive  about 
to  all  the  dances  in  the  country  together.  How  do  you  like  it?  well  I 
am  sorry  you  are  at  such  a  distance  I  cannot  hear  your  answer,  however, 
you  must  let  me  know  it  by  the  first  opporttmity,  and  all  the  other  news 
in  the  world  which  you  imagine  will  affect  me,  I  am  dear  Will 

Yours  affectionately 

Th:  Jefferson." 

"Wms.burg.  March  20.  17G4.  11  o'clock  at  night. 
Dear  Will 

As  the  messenger  who  delivered  me  your  letter,  informs  me  that  your 
boy  is  to  leave  town  tomorrow  morning  I  will  endeavor  to  answer  it  as 
circumstantially  as  the  hour  of  the  night,  and  a  violent  headach,  with 
which  1  have  been  afflicted  these  two  days,  will  permit.  With  regard 
to  the  scheme  which  I  proposed  to  you  some  time  since,  I  am  sorry  to 
tell  you  it  is  totally  frustrated  by  Miss  R.  B's  marriage  with  Jacrjuelin 
Ambler  which  the  people  here  tell  me  they  daily  expect.  I  say,  the 
people  here  tell  me  so,  for  (can  you  believe  it?)  I  have  been  so  abominably 
indolent  as  not  to  have  seen  her  since  last  October,  wherefore  I  cannot 
aflfirm  that  I  know  it  from  herself,  though  am  as  well  satisfied  that  it  is 
true  as  if  she  had  told  me.  well  the  lord  bless  her  I  say!  But  S — y 
P — r  is  still  left  for  you.  I  have  given  her  a  description  of  the  gentleman 
who,  as  I  told  her  intended  to  make  her  an  offer  of  his  hand,  and  asked 
whether  or  not  he  might  expect  it  would  be  accepted.  She  would  not 
determine  till  she  saw  him  or  his  picture  .  Now  Will,  as  you  are  a  piece 
of  a  limner  I  desire  that  you  will  seat  yourself  immediately  before  your 
looking  glass  and  draw  such  a  picture  of  yourself,  as  you  think  proper. 


Jdyin  ii.  H'Mh'o  ii  M^l  .u£:  i^ 


law  TBiQ 


•  I  • '        . '.  J 


I     ^li'  ,'.     Mil 


332  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  '^-'^ 

and  if  it  should  be  defective,  blame  yourself.  (Mind  that  I  mentioned 
no  name  to  her),  you  say  you  are  determined  to  be  married  as  soon  as 
possible,  and  advise  me  to  do  the  same.  No,  thank  ye;  I  will  consider 
of  it  first.  Many  and  great  are  the  comforts  of  a  single  state,  and  neither 
of  the  reasons  you  urge  can  have  any  influence  with  an  inhabitant  and  a 
young  inhabitant  too  of  Wms.burg.  who  told  you  that  I  reported  you 
was  courting  Miss  Dandridge  and  Misi;  Dangerfield?  it  might  be  worth 
your  while  to  ask  whether  they  were  in  earnest  or  not  so  far  was  I  from 
it  that  I  frequently  bantered  Miss  J — y  T — o  about  you,  and  told  her  how 
feelingly  you  spoke  of  her.  There  is  scarcely  any  thing  now  going  on 
here.  You  have  heard  I  suppose  that  J.  Page  is  courting  Fanny  Burwell. 
W.  Bland,  and  Betsy  Yates  are  to  be  married  thursday  sinnight.  The 
Secretary's  son  is  expected  in  shortly.  Willis  has  left  town  intirely  so 
that  your  commands  to  him  cannot  be  executed  immediately,  but  those 
to  the  ladies  I  shall  do  myself  the  pleasure  of  delivering  tomorrow  night 
at  the  ball.  Tom  Randolph  of  Tuckahoe  has  a  suit  of  Mecklenburg  silk 
which  he  offered  me  for  a  suit  of  broadcloth,  tell  him  that  if  they  can 
be  altered  to  fit  me,  I  will  be  glad  to  take  them  on  them  terms,  and  if 
they  cannot,  I  make  no  doubt  but  I  can  dispose  of  them  here  to  his  ad- 
vantage. Perhaps  you  will  have  room  to  bring  them  in  your  portman- 
teau, or  can  contrive  them  down  by  some  other  opportunity.  Let  him 
know  this  immediately.  My  headachs,  my  candle  is  just  going  out,  and 
my  boy  asleep,  so  must  bid  you  adieu. 


William  Fleming  to  George  Washington.     . 
Dear  Sir, 

This  will  be  handed  you  by  my  friend  Mr.  William  Claiborne  junr.  who 
is  at  present  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  the  state  of  Tennissee,  and 
w'ho  aspires  to  the  office  of  District  judge  in  that  state,  where  I  spent 
several  days  in  a  late  tour  through  the  western  country.  Mr.  Claiborne 
has  much  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  citizens  in  that  quarter, 
among  whom  he  has  been  a  very  successful  practitioner  of  the  law  for 
several  years;  indeed  his  superior  talents,  great  sobriety,  and  intense 
application  to  business,  distinguish  him  from  the  generality  of  young 
gentlemen  of  his  age;  and  I  am  persuaded,  should  he  be  so  fortunate  as 
to  succeed  in  his  application  you  will  never  have  cause  to  regret  the 
appointment. 

I  hope  sir,  you  will  pardon  the  trouble  I  have  given  you  on  this  occasion; 
and  whilst  the  pen  is  yet  in  my  hand,  and  you  are  about  to  retire  to  the 
enjoyment  of  domestick  tranquility,  permit  me  to  express  my  entire 
approbation,  and  admiration  of  the  wisdom,  ability,  and  firmness  with 
which  you  have  discharged  the  arduous  duties  of  the  most  important 
office  in  the  United  States,  at  a  time  when  party  prejudice,  interested 
views,  and  (perhaps)  resentment  for  supposed  injuries  combined  are  ever 


yni 


GENEALGOY.  '  333 

active  in  misrepresentations  to  the  people,  and  in  unremitting  endeavours 
to  thwart  a  wise  and  just  administration  of  one  of  the  best  governments 
in  the  universe. 

With  the  highest  veneration  for  your  publick  and  private  virtues,  and 
most  fervent  prayers  for  your  presents  and  future  happiness,  I  have  the 
honor  to  be  &c — . 

Judge  Fleming's  portrait  and  that  of  his  mother  Mary  (Boiling)  Flem- 
ing were  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wm.  Fleming  Eggleston,  deceased, 
Birmingham,  Ala. 

William  and  Elizabeth   (Champe)   Fleming  had  issue:  20.   Son,   died 

young;  21.  Lucy  Champe,  married  Jan.  9,  1794,  John  Markham;  22. ; 

23.  Mary  Boiling  was  married  to  Beverley  Chew  Stanard,  of  Spotsy- 
lvania County  on  the  8th  day  of  February  1799.  She  died  at  Summer- 
ville,  Chesterfield  County,  on  22d  day  of  Jan.  1812.  in  the  34th  year  of 
her  age.      {Family  Bible). 

(To  be  Continued)  ...    . 


8£€ 


334  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 


The  Mastering  of  Mexico.     Told  After  One  of  the  Conquistadores  and 
various  of  his  Inteq^reters.     By  Kate  Stephens,  author  of  "The 
Greek  Spirit,"  "Workfellows  in  Social  Progression,"  etc.     [Illus- 
trated].    New  York,  The  Macmillan  Company.  1916,  pp.  XI,  335. 
The  descriptive  printing  on  the  "jacket"  of  the  book  does  it  an  in- 
justice as  it  would  be  inferred  that,  to  some  extent,  it  was  a  work  of  fiction 
This  is  not  the  fact  as  it  is  a  very  readable  condensed  translation  of  the 
narrative  of  Bemal  Diaz  del  Castillo,  the  companion  of  Cortez.     No 
fiction  is  needed  to  enhance  the  thrilling  interest  of  this  account  of  the 
conquest  of  Mexico  by  one  who  was  an  active  participant.     Its  statements 
are  facts,  yet  it  reads  like  some  romance  of  almost  incredible  adventure. 
Such  a  book  would  find  a  large  audience  at  any  time,  but  it  comes  at  a 
particularly  apt  moment. 

The  Great  Revival  in  the  West,  1797-1805.  By  Catharine  C.  Cleve- 
land.    University  of  Chicago  Press  191G,  pp.  VI,  215. 

We  cannot  do  better  in  treating  of  this  valuable  book  than  use  Dr. 
Dodd's  words  in  his  introduction:  "In  this  story  of  the  Great  Revival 
in  the  West,  Miss  Cleveland  has  shown  clearly  the  religious  'destitution' 
of  the  frontier,  the  craving  of  men  for  excitement,  and  the  effect  of  power- 
ful emotional  appeals  upon  the  minds  of  simple  folk  far  removed  from  the 
main  currents  of  contemporary  civilization.  The  author  certainly  pre- 
sents in  the  following  pages,  the  best,  and  I  believe,  the  only  scientific 
account  of  this  important  movement.  The  result  is  a  distinct  and  posi- 
tive contribution  to  our  knowledge  of  the  social  and  moral  conditions  of 
primitive  life  in  America." 

This  great  revival,  with  its  strange  accompanying  phenomena,  and  its 
great  effect  on  the  spiritual  condition  and  the  morals  and  habits  of  the 
people  is  well  worth  the  attention  of  every  student  of  American  history. 
A  good  bibliography  adds  to  the  value  of  the  book. 

Nation.'VLITY  in  Modern  History,  By  J.  Holland  Rose,  L.  H.  D.,  Fellow 
of  Christ's  College,  Cambridge  [&c.  &c.]  New  York.     The  Mac- 
millan Company  191G,  pp.  XI,  202. 
"The  varied  manifestations  of  nationality  among  the  chief  European 
nations  are  studied  in  this  book.     The  author,  one  of  the  ablest  of  mod- 
ern historians,  has  supplied,  in  eft'ect,  the  background  of  the  conflict  in 


V/>li,      .|. 


'i.tto 


I.  lbil_>.i      <<■  ^.i!!!     i^l 


O'  '  "*  »J*'>'T>ni/ 


.•■  11 


,:,  BOOK    REVIEWS.  335 

Europe,  contributing  largely  to  a  clearer  understanding  of  those  factors 
which  made  for  war.  Beginning  with  a  discussion  of  the  dawn  of  the 
national  idea,  he  takes  up  in  turn  the  growth  of  that  idea  in  France, 
Germany,  Spain,  Italy  and  the  Slavic  Kingdoms,  concluding  with  a  con- 
sideration of  The  German  Theory  of  the  State,  Nationality  and  Mili- 
tarism, Nationality  since  1855  and  Internationalism." 

A  History  of  the  National  Capital  from  its  Foundation  through  the 
Period  of  the  Adoption  of  the  Organic  Act.     By  Wilhelmus  Bo- 
gart  Bryan.     Vol.  II,  1S15-1S78.     New  York,  The  Macmillan  Com- 
pany 1916,  pp.  XVI,  707. 
The  second  volume  of  this  valuable  work  maintains  the  high  standard 

of  the  first. 

Richmond  College  Historical  Papers.     Vol.  I,  No.  2,  June  1916,  Vir- 
ginia Loyalists  1775-1783  and  Essays  on  the  Presidential  Election 
of  1850  in  Virginia,  Andrew  Stevenson,  and  the  Campaign  of  1855 
in  Virginia  and  the  Fall  of  the  Know-Nothing  Party  with  Important 
Historical  Documents.     Edited  by  D.  R.  Anderson,  Ph.  D.     Head 
of  the  Department  of  History  and  Political  Science.     Published 
annually.     Price  SI. 00.     For  copies  address  the  Editor,  Richmond 
College,  Va.,  Richmond,  Va.,  1910,  pp.  182. 
Richmond  College  (and  it  should  be  added,  Randolph-Macon)  is  doing 
a  most  valuable  work  in  studying  the  Revolutionary  and  post  Revolution- 
ary history  of  Virginia.     These  studies  were  begun  not  long  ago  and  have 
already  produced  results  of  importance.     In  the  present  instalment  the 
papers,  as  they  appear,  are  by  John  A.  George,  M.  A.,  a  young  man  of 
marked  talent  whose  death  is  much  lamented;  Margaret  K.  Monteteiro, 
B.  A.;  Eugene  N.  Gardner,  M.  A.,  and  Constance  M.  Gay,  B.  A.     It  is  a 
pleasant  thing  for  believers  in  the  higher  education  of  women  to  see  what 
serious  and  scholarly  work  the  young  ladies  of  Westhampton  College  are 
doing.     At  the  end  of  the  historical  studies  is  published  a  collection  of 
petitions  and  letters  to  the  Virginia  Conventions  and  Legislatures  1775- 
1783  asking  redress  for  various  grievances. 

As  has  been  said  all  the  papers  are  valuable;  but  our  space  will  admit 
detailed  notice,  even  brifly,  of  only  one.  Mr.  George's  paper  on  the 
Virginia  Loyalists  1775-83  presents  the  recent  view  of  the  subject  in 
opposition  to  that  formerly  held,  as  a  mere  matter  of  belief  without 
much  investigation,  that  they  were  few  in  number.  In  his  carefully 
studied  and  very  interesting  paper  the  author  certainly  shows  the  pres- 
ence of  a  considerable  Loyalist  element;  but  in  such  things  numbers  are 
not  all.  One  cannot  help  feeling  that  the  large  Loyalist  element  in  Vir- 
ginia (like  some  other  historical  discoveries)  is  a  historian's  party  rather 
than  a  real  vital  fact.  Theoretically  the  Loyalists  should  have  been 
of  considerable  importance — really  they  mattered  but  little.  There 
were  two  classes  of  Loyalists  whose  position  was  creditable.     People 


ist 


336  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

like  Beverley,  Corbin,  Wormeley  and  some  others  had  been  educated  at 
English  universities  and  had  so  many  associations  with  England  that  it 
was  a  bitter  wrench  to  break  the  ties.  Some  of  these  men  entered  the 
English  army;  but  others,  like  Lord  Falkland  in  the  great  Civil  War,  saw 
so  much  reason  on  each  side  that  it  was  difificult  for  them  to  support  one 
or  the  other.  The  other  class  composed  of  British  merchants,  factors 
and  clerks,  were  really  not  Virginians  at  all  and  were  entirely  right  in 
their  support  of  the  home  government.  The  remainder  of  Loyalists 
in  the  East  were  an  obscure  leader  less  mob,  some  of  whom  drifted  from 
side  to  side  as  fear  actuated,  and  others  were  in  gangs  held  together  by 
"cohesion  of  public  plunder."  The  Tories  of  the  West  were  equally 
unimportant.  It  is  absurd  to  suppose  that  a  set  of  illiterate  and  half 
barbarous  mountaineers  should  be  actuated  by  convictions  on  constitu- 
tional matters  or  patriotic  devotion  to  England.  Like  the  Union  men 
in  the  mountains  during  our  Civil  War  they  were  simply  "agin'  the  gov- 
ernment" which  was  nearest.  They  disliked  the  taxes  and  the  draft 
as  their  descendants  did. 

Reviews  of  Dr.  H.  J.  Eckenrode's  The  Revolution  in  Virginia,  and  Col. 
J.  C.  Wise's  The  Long  Arm  of  Lee,  are  unavoidably  postponed  until  the 
next  number. 


$500  per  Ahhum 


5^    v^ 


^K-^  HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY-i'l^^f <? 


S^RGINIAMAGAZINE 


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%|^^#;^^VIRGI1S[IA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY,  ->? 


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Virginia  Magazine 

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history  and  biography. 

Vol.  XXIV.  October,  1916.  No.  4 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT 

1622-1629*. 


From  the  Originals  in  the  Library  of  Congress. 


(Continued.) 


"All  erasures  in  the  originals  are  here  printed  in  italics. 


(187.) 

John  Parsons  (1)  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  y*  Phillip 
Kytely  made  an  agreement  w'th  Zacharie  Cripse,  Edward 
White  and  Mathew  Hayman  beinge  then  in  [their]  howse 
&  beinge  w'th  him  to  have  for  his  labor  a  Share  and  to  beare 
the  share  of  such  provis'con  as  was  brought  into  the  howse. 

Anthony  West  swome  and  examined  sayeth  y*  he  made  an 
agreement  w'th  Zacharie  Crips,  and  Edward  White,  to  have 

(1)  John  Parsons,  who  came  in  the  Mary  gold,  1619,  was  living  at  the 
Treasurers  Plantation,  James  City,  1624-5.  Philip  Kithly,  who  came  in 
the  Furtherance,  1622,  was  living  at  the  same  place  1624-5,  as  were  Zach- 
ary  Cripps,  who  came  in  the  Margaret  and  John,  1621,  Edward  White  in  the 
Bona  Nova,  1620,  Mathew  Hamon  in  the  Southampton,  1622,  and  Anthony 
West  in  the  James,  1622.  Planting  on  shares  seems  to  have  been  common 
at  the  time. 


338  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

fyfteen  hundred  plants  and  after,  he  intending  to  goe  for  Eng- 
land, he  quitted  that  agreement,  and  after,  purposing  to  stave 
about  planting  tyme,  Zacharie  Crips  promised  to  give  the  said 
deponent  content  for  his  labor,  and  so  he  stayede  and  Con- 
tynued  in  worke  w'th  him  till  the  cropp  was  in.  And  further 
sayeth  y'  after  Mathew  Hayman  was  dead  Phillip  Kyteley  did 
wish  y^  divers  t}Tnes/z(;  had  ?nore  hayides  to  Zacharie  Crips  and 
Edward  White  would  gett  more  handes  to  help  for\\'ard  ye 
Cropp. 

Thomas  Willson  (2)  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  y''  Phillip 
Kyteley  did  often  tymes  wysh  y'  they  hadd  more  handes  to 
help  him  onward  w'th  the  cropp  and  y'  after  plantinge  tyme 
when  Mr.  Blaynies  men  were  sick,  ye  said  Kyteley  spoke  words 
to  y^  effect. 

The  Court  doth  order  y'  ye  said  Phillip  Kyteley  should  have 
but  a  sixt  parte  of  ye  Cropp,  another  beinge  dew  to  Zacharie 
Cripps,  another  to  Edward  White,  another  for  Thomas  Willson 
who  workinge  abroade  uppon  his  trade  had  three  d'yes  work  for 
two,  Another  for  two  men  hired  of  Mr.  Blayney,  and  a  seasoned 
man  putt  in  their  roome  after  they  died,  &  another  for  Anthony 
West.  Consideringe  also  y^  the  howse  and  ground  belonged  to 
the  said  Zacharye  Cripps  and  Edward  White,  They  havinge 
a  shorte  lease  thereof. 


(188.) 
Nicholas  Thompson  (3)  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  that 
one  frydye  the  second  of  December  about  eight  of  the  clock  at 
night  Zachary  Cripps  came  to  Mr  Swifte  beinge  sent  for  by  Mr 
Swifte,  And  when  Zacharie  Cripps  came  into  the  room  where 
Mr  Swifte  laye,  he  asked  Mr  Swyft  whether  he  did  know  him, 
and  Mr  Swyfte  answered  I  know  you  well  enuff.     Then  Zach- 

(2)  Thomas  Wilson,  aged  27  in  1624-5,  who  came  in  the  Abigaile,  1620, 
was  one  of  Dr.  Potts'  servants  in  1625. 

(3)  Nicholas  Thompson,  who  came  in  the  George,  1621  was  a  servant 
of  George  Sandys'  1624-5.  "Mr.  Swift"  was  living  at  "The  Plantation 
over  against  James  City."  in  Feb.  1623.  He  was  probably  Ensign 
James  Swift,  who  was  with  the  party  wrecked  on  the  Bermudas,  which 
reached  Virginia  in  1610.  In  1620  he  was  with  Dr.  Bohun  and  others 
granted  land  in  Va.  on  condition  of  the  transportation  of  300  people  to 
the  colony.     Elias  Long  lived  at  West  and  Shirley  Hundred  Feb.  1623. 


s\ 


9V 


3ijiJ  dJavAa  I 


■  m.iil  .wjiH  '.^■iLr.^.i  \:,'r.u.:  '.-..,.  '.r^..  -i.  i-..4,i  y^tAi  ^hii-ii 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  339 

ary  Cripps  said  to  him  Mr  Swyftc  you  said  the  other  d'ye  y'  you 
would  dispose  of  your  Tobacco  and  other  your  goodes,  and  to 
have  it  sent  into  England,  w't  is  your  will,  and  how  doe  you 
intend  to  dispose  therof  now.  To  whom  M''  Swyfte  said,  I  will 
have  yourselfc  and  Edward  White  to  take  the  charge  therof 
and  to  send  my  tobacco  and  w't  shalbe  made  of  my  other  goodes 
into  Englande  to  my  Brother-in-law  Robert  Lee  at  Graves  End 
for  the  use  of  his  children. 

David  Mansell  Swome  and  Examined  Sayeth  he  was  sent 
by  Mr  Swyfte  for  Zachary  Cripps  and  was  in  place  and  hearde 
Mr  Swyfte  saye  the  same  words  to  Zachary  Crij^ps  as  Nicholas 
Thompson  hath  foiTnerly  saide. 

Elias  Longe  sworn  and  Examined  sayeth  y'  he  was  in  place 
when  Mr  Swyfte  spake  the  same  wordes  to  Zacharie  Cripps  and 
Nicholas  Thompson  and  David  Mansell  fonnerly  delivered. 

The  Courte  doth  order  Zacharie  Cripps  and  Edwarde  White 
shall  have  a  letter  of  Administration  wherby  to  Administer 
Mr  Swyfte's  goodes. 


(189.) 

Capt.  Marten  alledgeth  y'  he  hath  paid  Mr  Rastell  three 
hundred  and  ff>'ftie  pownde  of  Tobacco  for  w'ch  he  hath  Mr 
Rastell's  receipt  And  two  hundred  more  by  Capt.  Epps,  and 
fowr  score  by  Mr  Weston,  And  two  hundred  weight  of  Elizabeth 
Jones  w'ch  was  to  goe  for  1501  And  two  hundred  weight  of 
Robert  Thresher  w'ch  Capt  Tucker  accepted  for  payment. 

Thomas  Weston,  merchant,  swome  and  examined  sayeth  y' 
IVIr  Rastell  desired  him  to  make  an  agreement  between  him  and 
Capt.  Martin  and  sayeth  y*  he  drew  them  to  an  end,  and  y' 
this  deponent  paid  Mr  Rastell  80  pownd  of  Tobacco  for  Capt. 
Martin,  And  that  Mr  Rastell  was  contented  to  accept  of  200  li. 
of  Tobacco  y*  Elizabeth  Jones  did  owe  to  Capt.  Martin,  w'ch 
200  li.  Mr  Rastell  was  to  have  for  150  li.  in  regarde  he  stode  to 
the  Adventurers  of  the  receavinge  of  ye  same  And  for  the  rest 
of  Capt.  Martin's  Dept  Mr  Rastell  was  Contented  to  take  Capt. 
Martin's  bond  to  pay  him  next  Cropp,  And  y'  Mr  RasteU  was 
after  willed  by  order  from  Capt.  Martin  to  come  and  see  ye 
bond  seald. 


340  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

George  Grave  (4)  and  Elias  I^onge  do  undertake  that  Robert 
Wright  shall  appear  before  the  Governor  and  Counsell  of  estate 
at  James  Cyttie  one  Mondye  fortnight  next  after  Christmas 
being  the  14*''  of  January  to  answere  to  the  suit  of  Capt  Wm 
Tucker.  _l  j 


(190.) 
William  ffoster  swome  and  Examined  sayeth,  that  he  this 
deponent  demanded  of  Mr  Nevell  at  Canada  beinge  abord  the 
Swann,  wherfor  IVIr  Comishe  was  hunge,  unto  whom  Nevell 
answered  he  was  hung  for  a  rascally  boye  wrongfully,  And  that 
he  hath  heard  Mr  Nevell  say  so  divers  tymes. 


(191.) 
A  courte  held  the  xix***  of  December  1625  being  present 
S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c,  Capt  ffrancis  West, 

Capt.    Smith,    Capt.    Mathews,    Capt   Hamor,    Mr  Abraham 

Peersie,  Mr  William  Cleybourne. 

Y'  is  ordered  y'  a  warrant  be  sent  for  Mr  Wm  Bentley  to 

(4)  George  Grave,  who  came  in  the  Seaventure,  his  wife  Elinor,  who 
came  in  the  Susan,  and  their  son  Jolin,  aged  ten,  were  living  at  James 
City  1624-5.  Robert  Wright,  aged  45,  who  came  in  the  Swan,  160S,  and 
Jane  Wright,  and  two  children  bom  in  Virginia,  were  living  at  Anthony 
Bonall's  plantation  1624-5.  So  many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Virginia 
died  intestate  after  a  short  illness,  that  the  administrations  granted  in 
the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury  should  give  a  good  deal  of  informa- 
tion in  regard  to  them. 

(5)  William  Bentley,  aged  36,  who  came  in  the  Jacob,  1624,  was  living 
at  Farrar  Flinton's  plantation  1624-5.  In  1626  he  owned  50  acres  below 
Blunt  Point.  On  Dec.  1,  1624,  he  was  granted,  as  his  first  dividend,  50 
acres  between  Newport  News  and  Blunt  Point.  He  is  described  as  "a 
new  planter  who  came  over  into  this  country  at  his  own  charges."  He 
was  a  Burgess  for  Nutmeg  Quarter,  October  1629.  "Lieutenant  Giles 
Aldington  of  Kiccoughtan  in  the  Corporation  of  Elizabeth  City,  gentle- 
man, an  ancient  planter,"  was  granted,  as  his  first  dividend,  100  acres 
between  Newport  News  and  Blimt  Point  Dec.  1,  1624.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Va.  Company  in  1620,  and  probably  was  of  the  family  of  AUiug- 
ton,  of  Horseheath,  Cambridgeshire,  in  the  name  Giles  was  frequent 
in  that  family.  The  Census  of  1624-5  shows  that  the  "Muster"  of  Farrar 
(frequently  spelt  Pharaoh)  Flinton  at  Elizabeth  City,  included  himself 
aged  36,  who  came  in  the  Elizabeth,  in  1612,  Joane  Flinton  aged  38,  who 
came  at  the  same  time,  Wm.  Bently,  and  four  servants.  On  Dec.  1,  1624, 
as  "Pharaoh  Flinton,  gentleman,  an  ancient  planter,"  he  was  granted 
150  acres  between  Newport  News  and  Blunt  Point. 


23frr^; 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  341 

Testifie  his  knowledge  between  Mr  Allington  and  Mr  fflinton, 
to  be  heere  one  mondye  the  14"'  of  January  now  next  ensewinge. 

Robert  Thresher  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that,  Thomas 
North  came  over  in  ye  shipp  w'th  Capt.  Nuce,  but  that  he  is 
ffree  this  deponent  knoweth  nott 

Y*  is  ordered  y*-  Thomas  North  (6)  shall  serve  owt  his  seven 
yeeres  Prentishipp,  And  then  to  have  his  ffreedome 

Edward  Baker  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  he  did 
wame  Arthur  AveHnge  to  be  at  the  Courte  and  handed  him  the 
warrant,  and  sayeth  that  Mr  Newman  his  m'r  said  he  should 
come  upp,  and  his  m'r  did  read  the  v/arrant  to  him. 

Robert  Saben  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  one  Thurs- 
dayc  last  was  sen 'night  he  caled  to  Richard  Ewens  and  asked 
him  whether  his  man  Arthur  Avelinge  should  not  goe  upp  to 
James  Cyttie  to  the  Courte,  and  y'  said  Ewens  answered  and 
said  y'his  man  had  no  business  to  do  there,  And  there  deponent 
replied  why  he  is  in  the  warrant,  and  Ewans  answered  I  have 
other  business  for  him  to  Doe,  he  shall  not  goe  upp,  This  de- 
])onent  again  replyed  you  doc  mean  as  you  saye,  w'ch  Ewans 
rej^lyed  yes  by  my  troth  do  I. 


(192.) 

Thomas  Cripps  [Crispe],  gent.,  swome  and  Examined  sayeth 
that  on  Thursday  mominge  beinge  the  viii"'  of  December 
Capt  Tucker  and  his  Sergent  Richard  Evans  (7)  were  goinge 
to  Newports  News  to  serve  A  warrant  one  Mr  Weston  and  as 
they  were  specking  of  the  warrant  Capt.  Tucker  told  this  de- 
ponent that  he  must  be  at  James  Cyttie  and  told  Rich.  Evans 
that  Arthur  Avelinge  must  be  there  also,  and  Evans  made 
Answere  y*  he  could  not,  unles  Mr  Weston  would  give  Se- 
curitie  to  bringe  him  dowm  againe 

(G)     Thomas  North  lived  at  Elizabeth  City  Feb.  1623, 
(7)     Richard  Evans  lived  at  Basses  Choice  Feb.  1623.     His  is  another 
name  omitted  from  the  Census  of  1G24-5. 


IM 


bib  9ti   i 

nAi  miti  I 


lO'i  Hit  jUiOr 


I  'V   '    ■  i'.l  I 


\.'l(Ji) 


342  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

John  Weayne  (8)  swome  and  Examined  sayeth  y*  one  Thurs- 
dye  last  was  sennight  Capt  Tucker  and  his  Sargent  Evans  were 
goinge  to  Newports  News,  and  beinge  at  this  deponents  howse, 
Capt.  Tucker  told  Evans  that  liis  man  Arthur  Avelinge  who 
was  there  p'sent  must  be  at  James  Cyttie  at  Court  on  Mondye 
foUowinge,  And  Evans  replied,  y'  he  had  been  abourd  Mr 
Weston's  shipp  the  d'ye  before  to  demand  securitie  y'  Mr  West- 
on should  bringe  downe  Arthur  Avehnge  againe  and  y'  Mr 
Weston  refused  to  give  securitie  and  therefore  he  should  not 
goe  upp.  To  w'ch  Capt  Tucker  replied,  that  is  no  matter  he 
must  goe  upp,  And  charged  ye  said  Arthur  to  goe  upp. 

Robert  Saben  sworn  and  Examined  sayeth  y*  that  Mr  Weston 
and  Robert  Newman  were  at  this  deponent's  house,  And  Mr 
Weston  demanded  of  Mr  Newman  w't  comodities  he  would 
bringe  from  Canada,  Mr  Newman  replied  y*  the  choicest  things 
that  he  wotdd  bringe  should  be  two  or  three  servants  &  asked 
Mr  Weston  w't  he  must  give  for  the  transportinge  8  men  from 
Canada,  Mr  Weston  said  y*  the  said  Newman  must  provide 
the  men  him  selfe  and  give  xx  li,  for  ye  transport  of  8  men  and 
find  them  provisions. 


:  (193.) 

Thomas  Cryspe,  gent.,  by  the  oath  he  hath  formerly  taken, 
sayeth  y*  Mr  Newman  demanded  of  Mr  Weston  at  Canada 
for  to  bringe  A  servant  man  to  Virginia.  Mr  Weston  replied, 
he  wolde  bringe,  none  yf  he  wolde  give  him  a  hundred  pounds 
Mr  Newman  asked  him  why,  And  Mr  Weston  replied  y'  New- 
man's mate  was  not  able  to  keepe  them  but  would  star\'e  them. 
And  ye  said  Mr  Weston  further  said  y'  servants  were  sold  theere 
upp  &  downe  like  horses  and  therefore  he  held  it  not  law^ull  to 
carie  any 

George  Menefie,  merchant,  swome  and  examined  sayeth 
y*  Mr  Pountis  at  his  departure  for  England,  appoynted  this 

(8)  The  Muster  of  John  Waine  at  Elizabeth  City  1624-5  included 
himself,  aged  30,  who  came  in  the  Neptune,  1618,  Amity e  Waine,  aged  30, 
who  came  in  the  Swan,  1610,  George  Ackland,  aged  7,  and  .Mary  Ackland, 
aged  4,  born  in  Va.  (probably  her  children  by  a  former  marriage]  and 
three  other  persons. 


(mi) 


.u:i.~'.  i.  ju 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  343 

deponent  and  Mr  Blaynie  to  sattisfie  Mr  Sandys  about  a  dept 
w'ch  Mr  Pountis  was  indepted  for  Southamj^ton  Hundred,  and 
y''  A  dept  of  322  li.  Tobacco  dew  to  Mr  Langley  was  rebated  to 
Mr  Sandys. 

Capt.  Raphe  Hamor,  Esquire,  Counsellor  of  State,  affirmeth 
y''  when  it  was  ordered  in  Court  y'  Mr  Pountis  should  pay  Mr 
David  Sandys  2000  weight  of  Tobacco  for  Southampton  hund- 
red, That  then  Mr  Pountis  alleged  y^  Mr  Sandys  did  owe  to  Mr 
Pountis  b}^  a  debt  of  Mr  Langley's  to  whom  he  was  executor 
300  weight  or  therabouts  of  Tobacco  w'ch  Tobacco  Mr  Sandys 
did  accept  of  as  p'te  of  y'  2000  weight  of  Tobacco  w'ch  Mr 
Pountis  should  have  paide  him,  and  at  ye  same  tyme  Mr  Sandys 
demanded  a  xxii  s.  peice  [?]  for  a  sermon  at  ye  buriall  of  Mr 
Langley  (9),  And  Mr  Pountis  answered  he  would  allow  him 
such  Tobacco  as  should  valewe  ye  peece,  but  Mr  Sandys  wold 
not  accept  therof  but  wold  have  a  peece  of  xxii  s. 


(194.) 

Edward  Barker  swome  and  examined  Sayeth  that  ye  Swan 
was  maide  at  Dambrells  Cove  in  Canada,  where  she  laye  safe 
and  owt  of  danger.  And  after  beinge  left  in  charge  w'th  Mr 
Nevell  he  removed  her  awaye  to  A  stage  head  where  she  hung 
and  tooke  hurte  and  w'thin  2  or  3  d'yes  after  she  became  leaky. 

Robert  Newman  swome  and  examined  Testified  in  open 
Court  y'  the  Certificate  under  the  m'rs  handes  &  his  owne 
WTitten  at  Canada  is  A  trew  Certificate. 

It  is  ordered  y'  Mr  Weston  shall  pay  to  Mr  Crispe  for  the 
damage  of  his  Tobacco  five  hundred  and  three  score  pounds 
weight  of  good  merchantable  Tobacco,  And  Mr  Crispe  not  to 
pay  for  his  Transporte  from  Canada  to  Virginia. 

Y'  is  ordered  y'  Mr  Weston  shall  pay  to  Mr  Crispe  w'thin 

these  fowerteene  d'yes  xxx  li.  in  money.  And  fowerteen  pound 

of  good  sweete  and  holesome  English  byskett  or  els  to  deliver 

the  green  ginger  to  Mr  Crispe  and  xxx  li.  in  money. 

(.9)  "Mr.  Langley  out  of  the  Margarett  and  John,"  died  between  Apri  1 
1622  and  Feb.  1623. 


(.m.) 


344  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Nicholas  Roe  sworn  and  Examined  saycth  y*  when  Mr  Nevell 
did  move  the  shipp  shee  lay  agrounde  at  A  low  water. 

Y'  is  ordered  y'  Mr  Nevell  shall  pay  the  one  half  of  the 
damages  done  to  Mr  Crispc,  Vizt;  three  hundred  and  thirtie 
pounde  weight  of  Tobacco.,  W'ch  Tobacco  shalbe  paid  by 
Mr  Weston  and  Mr  Nevell  by  the  xx^''  d'ye  of  January  at  James 
Cittie,  And  Mr  Weston  to  can-ye  it  to  Kickotan  gratis  for  Mr 
Crispe. 

^:r-     -;V..    •      ;  (195.) 

Y'  is  ordered  y*  Nicholas  Roe  shall  quietly  enioye  Those  two 
men  he  now  hath  for  his  wages  and  the  Business  &  Covenant 
granted  [?]  between  Mr  Weston  and  him. 
°  Y'  is  ordered  y*  Mr  Weston  shall  satisfie  Robert  Thresher 
for  Accordinge  to  the  former  order  of  the  vi'*^  d'ye  of  January 
next  ensuing. 

Thomas  Crispe,  gent.,  by  the  oath  he  hath  formerly  taken 
afhrmeth  y'  Jefferey  Cornishe  did  say  y'  Edward  Nevell  should 
tell  him  y*  his  brother  suffered  death  wrongfully,  and  the  said 
Thomas  Crispe  wyshed  the  said  JeiTery  Cornishe  to  take  hcede 
w't  he  saide  for  sure  the  Governor  would  do  no  wronge  or  in- 
iustice  to  any  man,  for  y'  he  shalbe  anserable  for  w't  he  doth. 
Thei-uppon  the  said  Jcffcry  Coniishe  did  vow  y'  he  would  be 
the  death  of  the  Governor  yf  ever  he  came  for  England. 

Y'  is  ordered  y'  a  warrant  be  sent  for  Richard  Evans  and 
Arthvir  Avelinge  to  appeare  here  at  James  Cyttie  one  mondye 
next  come  sennight. 


(196.) 
Whcras  the"  Company  under  their  scale  did  grante  assign  and 
sett  over  unto  the  Governor  the  whole  term  of  yeers  w'ch  xx 
Tenants  and  xii  boys,  were  by  theire  severall  Covenants  to 
serve,  and  in  and  by  the  saide  Comistione  it  may  Appear,  Vv-'ch 
grant  &  Assignment  was  after  confirmed  under  the  handes  of 
the  Lordcs  of  his  Maties  most  hon'all  prince  Cornwcll,  The 
Courtc  doth  Conceave  it  to  be  righte  .^  equilic  that  the  Gov- 
ernor should  enioy  the  said  grant  &  assignment  According  to 


(Ml) 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  345 

the  trew  intent  &  meaning  therof,  And  dyspose  of  the  said 
Tenants  and  boys  to  his  best  advantage  &  benefitt. 

Uppon  the  request  of  Capt.  Samuell  Mathewes  ye  Counsel 
hath  assented  he  shall  have  leave  to  take  upp  his  Divident  of 
lande  at  Blunt  poynt  when  he  is  already  seated. 

Lawrence  Poole  swome  and  examined  the  xxx^^  d'ye  of 
December  1625  by  the  Right  worp'll  S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight, 
Governor  &c,  sayeth  y'  about  August  last  past  was  three  ycere 
Robert  Leyter  Cominge  downe  from  James  Cyttie,  This  de- 
ponent hard  the  said  Leyter  saye  y'  Capt. Tucker  had  given  him 
very  harsh  wordes  w'ch  grie\^ed  him  very  much  and  said  y*  he 
would  be  revenged  of  Capt.  Tucker  yf  he  lived. 


(197.) 

A  courte  held  the  third  day  of  January  1G25,  being  present 
S'r  ffrancis  Wyatt,  Knight,  Governor  &c,  Ciipt.  ffrancis  West, 
Capt.  Roger  Smith,  Capt.  Raphe  Hamor,  Mr  Abraham  Peirsie, 
Mr  Wm  Cley bourne. 

Clement  Dilke  (10),  gent.,  swome  and  examined  sayeth,  that 
uppon  the  weighing  over  of  my  La.  Yeardley's  Tobacco  at 
Hog  Islande  he  founde  the  Tobacco  to  be  Cx)ntrary  to  my  lady's 
Com 'and  and  directions  given  to  Maximilian  Stone  (11)  for  y' 
it  was  mixed  the  most  p'te  w'th  ill  condicioned  leaves,  soe  y*  as 
this  deponent  conceaves  she  had  been  better  to  have  lost  four 
or  five  hundred  weight  of  Tobacco,  for  it  was  so  mixed  ye  good 
and  bad  together,  And  said  this  deponent  Thinkelh  y'  she  had 
Transix>rLed  the  said  Tobacco  for  England  soe  condicioned  it 
would  have  been  a  \^ery  great  loss  and  preiudice  to  her  in  the 
sale  therof  and  further  sayeth  y''  uppon  the  weighinge  and  re- 
ceaving  the  Tobacco  w''=''  Mr  William  Peirce  understood 
that  this  deponent  meant  to  inform  m}'  La.  of  the  truth  in  w't 
Condicion  he  found  it  the  said  Stone  desired  this  deponent  to 
make  the  best  of  it  to  my  La.  to  whom  this  deponent  did  answere, 

(10)  Clement  Dilke  and  Mrs.  Dilke  were  living  at  James  City  Feb. 
1623,  but  are  omitted  in  the  Census  of  1024-5.  vSee  note  on  him  th.^' 
Magazine  I,  443. 

(11)  In  1624-5,  Maxmilian  Stone,  aged  30,  whocame  in  the  Temperance, 
1620,  appears  at  the  head  of  the  list  of  "Sir  George  Yeardly's  men"  at 
Hog  Island.  Elizabelli  his  wife,  who  eame  in  the  same  ship,  and  Max- 
imilian his  son,  aged  9  months,  are  also  in  the  list. 


a^s 


OllJ       Xiv 


,i<n  r^.'w  iti 


346  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  ,j,j ; 

y'  he  would  neither  make  it  better  or  worse,  but  would  inform 
her  trewly  how  he  found  it. 

Lieut.  Peppet  (12)  swonie  &  examined  affirmeth  as  much  as 
Mr  Delke  hath  said,  save  in  the  late  clause  y'  Maximilian 
Stone  requested  Mr  Delke  to  make  the  best  of  itt  to  my  La. 
w'ch  he  heard  nott. 


'  '  ■     (198.) 

Y'  is  ordered  y'  Maximilian  Stone  shall  loose  the  hundred 
and  fyfteen  pound  of  Tobacco  dew  to  him  by  his  Covenants 

•  and  shall  serve  my  La.  Yardley  as  her  sen'ant  untill  the  last 
d'ye  of  ffebniary  now  next  ensewinge. 

'''         Mrs.    Isabel  Perry  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that   Mr 

'  '  Robert  Langley  having  been  longe  sick  in  her  howse  and  think- 
inge  himself  somewhat  recovered,  intended  to  goe  downe  to 
Kickotan,  but  went  no  further  than  Hog  Island,  and  cominge 
back  againe  found  himself  very  sicke  and  came  to  this  deix)nent's 

*>  ■  howse  where  he  found  himself  very  sick,  And  told  this  deponent 
that  he  did  exjject  to  make  Mr  Pountis  and  this  deponent's  hus- 
band overseers  of  his  estate,  but  said  he  Avould  do  nothinge  till 
his  fitt  was  past,  and  in  that  fitt  he  dyed,  makinge  no  other 
order  in  his  concerns,  And  this  deponent  was  by  him  from  that 
tyme  to  the  tj^me  of  his  death. 

Wheras  Mr  Robert  Tokeles  [f]  by  his  letter  of  attorney  as 
Administrator  to  Mr  Robert  Langley,  hath  given  Authoritie 
to  Mr  Abraham  Pearsie  to  Receive  [  ?]  upp  all  such  depts  as  are 
dew  to  the  said  Robert  Langley  in  this  Country  of  Virginia, 
But  the  said  Robert  Tokeles  hath  not  sent  over  any  testimony 
or  proff  to  this  Country  that  letters  of  Administration  of  ye 
said  Robert  Langley 's  goodes  were  granted  to  him  in  England, 
The  Courte  doth  require  the  said  Robert  Tokeley  to  send  over 

(12)  Gilbert  Peppelt  lived  at  Flowerdew  Hundred  Feb.  1G23,  and 
owned  50  acres  at  Blunt  Point  in  1G2(3.  On  Aug.  18,  1627,  he  was  granted 
250  acres  on  the  south  side  of  Warnock  River,  50  acres  of  which  was  in 
right  of  his  wife  Alice  who  came  in  the  Jonathan,  in  1020  "for  whose  pas- 
sage Sir  George  Yeardley  is  satisfied,"  and  50  for  Richard  Evans  (see 
above)  who  came  from  Newfoundland  in  the  Temperance  in  1G19.  Pep- 
pett  was  a  member  of  the  convention  held  in  1G25.  He  does  not  ap- 
pear in  the  Census. 


her 


MINUTES  OF  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT.  347 

Testimony  therof,  And  in  the  mean  tyme  do  order  that  the 
deptors  of  the  said  Robert  Langley  do  putt  in  Sufficient  se- 
curitie  to  Mr  Abrahan:i  Persie  for  ye  sattisfaction  of  those  depts 
to  the  right  Administrator  of  the  said  Robert  Langley  ^^•hen 
sufficient  proof  shalbc  brought  into  the  Courte. 


(197.) 

Wheras  Mattahias  Fenton  (13)  died  intestate  and  his  goodes 
being  praysed  Amounted  to  five  score  pownde  of  Tobacco,  And 
there  beinge  two  billes  of  dept  p'duced  in  Cotirte,  the  one  for 
265  pound  of  Tobacco  and  the  other  for  fortie  two  pound e  of 
Tobacco,  y'  is  ordered  y'  Mr  Emersone  shall  pay  to  Mr  Steph- 
ens [?]  60  li.,  And  to  Capt.  West  20  li.  And  that  there  havinge 
been  noe  other  bills  of  dept  produced  in  Court  and  no  more  of 
Mr  ffienton's  left  to  pay  any  depts  y''  Mr  Emersone  shall  nor 
any  other  shalbe  further  troubled  for  any  of  his  depts  in  re- 
spect of  his  goods  left  behinde  him,  but  be  sattisfied  as  they 
may  by  his  freendes  in  England. 

William  Carter  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  he  did 
hold  the  breech  of  the  Peece  ^^'hilst  John  Jeffersone  (14)  did 
cutt  it  and  lenthen  it,  and  further  sayeth  that  John  Jefferson 
did  carry  the  peece  so  mended  home  to  Ca])t.  vSmith's  howse. 

Rychard  Allforde  swome  and  examined  sayeth  that  John 
Jeffersone  him  selfe  did  bringe  the  peece  home  to  Capt  Smith's 
howse,  y'  did  hurte  Henry  Booth,  and  deliver  ye  peece  to  ye 
hands  of  this  de]3onent  (see  Johnson's  oath). 

Y'  is  ordered  y*  John  Jefferson  shall  pay  Doctor  Pott  for  the 
cominge  of  Henry  Booth's  Eye,  And  to  give  the  said  Henry 
Booth  sixteen  pound  weight  of  good  merchantable  Tobacco 
towards  his  mayne't,  The  Court  doth  ye  rather  mittigate  ye 
Crime  because  ye  strive  [?j  in  ye  peece  in  the  barrel  was  faultie, 
and  him  self  being  a  poore  man  and  A  Tenant  to  the  Company 

(13)  Probably  the  "Mr.  Fenton,  minister,"  who  was  buried  at  Eliza- 
beth City,  Sept.  5,  1624. 

(14)  Whether  John  Jefferson,  the  blacksmith,  left  descendants  is  not 
known.  The  other  John  Jefferson,  London  merchant,  was  probably  not 
at  this  time  in  the  colony. 


TK 


,bitBi] 


348  .  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.    '  ;.;  ;  ^ 

[200.] 

Y4s  ordered  y » the  Prentises  sent  over  at  the  Cytties(  15)  charges 
shall  Accordmge  to  the  condicions  sent  over  by  the  Company 
(Vidlt)  for  the  Tearme  of  seaven  years  or  more  so  as  theire 
apprentishipp  may  expier  at  their  severall  ages  of  xxi  yeares  or 
uppwards,  And  after  their  app'tship  is  passed,  To  serve  seven 
yeares  more  as  Tenants  for  halfes,  The  Company  furnishing 
them  w'th  such  things  as  their  Agreement  w'th  the  Cyttie  was 
Richard  Evans  swome  and  examined  sayeth  y^  he  did  wame 
Wm.  Geney  the  xxvi^*^  of  December  1621  [5?]  eyther  to  agree 
w'th  Capt.  Tucker  for  a  Dept  dew  to  Mr  Rastell,  or  else  to 
appear  at  James  Cyttie  the  next  Courte  D'ye  Following,  to  w'ch 
Mr  Geney  made  this  deponent  Answere  y'  he  would  eyther 
agree  w'th  Capt  Tucker  or-els  appear  at  James  Cyttie  accord- 
inge  to  the  d'ye  of  waminge. 

Y*  is  ordered  y'  a  Spec3\ill  warrant  be  sent  for  Wm  Geney 
to  Appeare  at  James  Cyttie  one  mondy  cum  fortnight  beinge 
ye  xxiii*'^  d'ye  of  January  there  to  answere  his  contempt,  as  to 
answer  to  Capt  Tucker's  suite 

Y^  is  ordered  y*  yf  Mr  Humphrey  Rastell  come  nott  in  by  the 
last  of  this  month,  to  deliver  Capt  Bass  a  boye  that  this  Capt 
Tucker  shall  pay  to  Capt  Bass  or  his  assigne  five  hundred  jx^wnd 
weight  of  good  merchantable  Tobacco  owt  of  Mr  Rastell's 
goods  yf  Capt  Tucker  can  recover  upp  so  much  depts. 

[20L] 
Capt  Tucker  sworne  and  examined  sayeth  that  Mr  Rastell 
did  acknowledge  to  owe  to  Capt  Bass  Fyfteen  bushells  of  Come 
or  therabouts,  ye  w'ch  ye  said  Rastell  prayed  tliis  Deponent 
to  p'cure  for  Capt.  Bass  either  in  Come  or  other  P'viz'one. 

Y^  is  ordered  y*  in  regarde  of  the  loss  and  hindrance  Capt. 
Bass  sustayned  by  want  of  his  Come,  That  IMr  Rastell  or  Capt. 
Tucker  for  him  of  his  goodes  shall  pay  Capt.  Bass  one  hundred 
and  twelve  pownd  of  ye  best  merchantable  Tobacco. 

Y*  is  ordered  y^  Capt  Tucker  shall  pay  Thomas  Jones  for  the 
dept  of  Mr  Rastell  one  hundred  and  f >-ftie  pounds  weight  of  the 
best  merchantable  Tobacco,  or  furnish  such  good  Com'odities 

as  it  shall  come  unto.  ^ ^ 

^15)  On  UecT  28,  1619,  the  Common  Council  of  London  agreed  in 
response  to  a  petition  of  the  Virginia  Company,  to  send  100  more  children 
to  Virginia. 


m- 


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V: 


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U-ylr-^.    ,!/  %;  f:   ^- 


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MINUTES  OP  THE  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT. 


349 


Anthony  BuiTows,(lG)gent,  swome  and  examined  Sayeth  that 
when  Capt.  Tucker  came  aboarde  the  Fleeinge  harte  he  found 
John  Geney  aboarde  the  shipp  Contrary  to  the  Governor's 
express  com'ands  And  Capt  Tucker  Chided  him  for  his  soe 
doinge,  And  Tucker  sentenced  [?]  servant  [r]  to  by  neck  and 
heeles  for  his  offence,  And  when  Capt.  Tucker  was  gone  the 
said  Geney  said  that  Capt.  Tucker  would  be  the  death  of  him 
as  he  was  of  Robert  Leyster. 

George  Thompson  swome  and  examined  sayeth,   That  he 

heard  John  Gqney  say  that  Capt  Tucker  by  some  woordes  he 

used  was  the  death  of  Robt  Leyster  and  that  the  said  Glyney 

said  he  would  certifie  it  before  the  Governor  &  Counsell. 

(16)  At  the  Census  of  1624-5,  Anthony  Burrows,  aged  44,  who  came 
in  the  George,  in  1617,  lived  at  Elizabeth  City.  He  owned  land  near 
Blunt  Point  in  162S.  The  ship  referred  to,  the  Flying  Hart,  of  Flushing, 
made  frequent  voyages  to  Virginia. 


(To  be  continued) 


350  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


LETTERS  OF  WILLIAM  BYRD,  FIRST. 

(From  his  letter  book  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical 

Society) 


'"'_     .  '■ '     "  (Continued)  '  '"  '  '■'•'• 

';  "  ■  To  Mr.  Gower. 

.         .  Virg'a.  March  y^  3PM685 

S^  ■..'.-•.  ^:., 

Yours  of  the  8"'  of  August  last  come  Safe  to  my  Hands, 
though  y''  poor  Gen*  that  was  to  bring  itt,  dyed  att  Sea  the 
10^''  of  Sb""  much  lamented  by  all  his  friends,  y'^  Old  Gentle- 
woman Seemed  mighty  disconsolate  Some  short  time,  however 
was  marry 'd  again  abt  y''  latter  End  of  Jan'ry  &  is  now  mighty 
earnest  to  gett  all  y'^  Estate  injto  Ijer  hands,  &  I  daily  expc<;t  a 
Writt  against  Cap*  Randolph  &  my  Selfe  (Ex"  here)  for  her 
bond  of  1900  1.  w^''  I  fear  will  in  a  manner  carry  away  all  the 
Estate  here. 

I  am  Sorry  I  could  recieve  but  one  letter  from  you  this  year, 
but  hope  to  hear  oftner  hereafter.  I  retume  you  hearty  thanks 
for  your  token,  w*''  w^*'  wee  remembred  all  your  Good  healths 
&  shall  Suddenly  Send  you  Some  Small  retume.  My  wife  & 
Girls  are  well,  &  y*^  biggest  (Ursula  (1)  )  comes  herewith.  My 
wife  Salutes  you,  Pray  give  my  Sei-vice  to  all  where  its  due,  & 
accept  the  Same  most  heartily  from  '     '       '      ' 

Yo""  oblidged  friend  &  Servant 

Wm.  Byrd 

Pray  Send  mee  Some  Savoy 

Cabbage  Seed  •  ... 

To  m'  Gower  ^  Culpeper 

(1)  Ursula  Byrd,  known  in  her  family  (doubtless  from  her  complec- 
tion)  as  "Little  Nutty"  was  bom  about  1681.  She  returned  to  Virginia, 
married  Robert  Beverley,  the  historian,  and  died  before  she  was  seven- 
teen, leaving  one  child,  William  Beverley,  afterwards  of  "Blandfield." 
Her  tomb  with  Byrd  and  Beverley  arms  impaled,  was  formerly  at  James- 
town. See  this  Magazine  XII,  317,  for  copy  of  epitaph,  and  a  drawing 
of  part  of  the  tomb  containing  the  arms. 


,1/5^ 


H  HI  iirw  I' 


ifUS/IO''^ 


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•WWo  *oY 


X<M 


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;  1  1 1.     '  u  .1 


I  -     n'       ;;  ' 


Letters  of  William  Byrd.  First,  ,»■•  351 

To  

Virg'a.  March  y*^  29"'  1685. 
Gen' 

This  Serves  to  accompany  Cap*  Bradly  with  Sixty  one  H'*^ 
of  Tobacco  &  6  of  Skins,  w'*'  I  hope  will  come  Safe  to  hand. 
Since  my  last,  I  reC'  your  acco*  via  Maryland,  truely  I  belie\'e 
y^  Wm  &  Mary  a  very  hard  pen>'worth,  I  wish  shee  gets  well 
home,  for  shee  is  a  very  dull  Sailer  by  all  report.  I  am  Sorry 
the  losse  of  Sugars  keeps  mee  So  far  behind  hand,  &  Hall  comeing 
in  So  late,  y"  Tob'o  was  generally  bought  up,  before  his  arriveall, 
that  I  fear  I  shall  make  a  bad  x  x  [illegible]  of  it  this  year,  hope 
shall  Send  enough  to  clear  all  [illegible]  I  have  sent  for.  I  have 
rec'd  great  complaints  of  m}'-  DufTeilds,  the  colour  is  too  light, 
a  Darker  blew  pleases  better  plentifuUy  Supplyed  &  if  I 
have  not  as  good  [illegible]  not  expect  to  Sell  them  to  any  Ad- 
vantage, [illegible]  oiler'*  for  Tob'o  next  year,  &  y<^  planter 
(if  [illegible])  a  great  Crop,  &  hath  prepared  accordingly. 
Paggens  concern  [illegible]  certain  intelligence  of  a  negro  ship 
w'^^  will  be  here  by  [illegible]  of  May,  if  no  extrorardinary  acci- 
dent inten'cne,  they  offer  for  the  trade.  I  believe  To- 
bacco may  doc  well  another  year,  but  am  Sure,  they  that  are  not 
early  Supplyed  here,  can  expect  little,  &  I  am  halfe  out  of  heart 
with  Hall,  to  expect  liim  a  first  ship,  unlesse  he  comes  out  a 
month  or  two  before  any  other.  M""  Brain  (who  hath  marry 'd 
M'^  Grendon)  pretends  great  matters  though  I  cannot  conceive 
w*^  incouragement  they  have  found  this  year,  comeing  into  the 
Country  in  Sep^  w*"^  30  Servants  &  1000  or  12001.  worth  of  Goods, 
&  could  not  (notwithstanding  they  tooke  100  H'*''  fraight)  dis- 
patch a  Small  ship  of  ab*  350  or  360  H'*^  If  your  designe  by 
barbados  fails,  wee  shall  bee  fouly  disappointed  for  without 
Sen^ants  or  slaves,  no  great  crop  is  now  to  bee  purchased,  by 
Cap*  Morgan  (w^ho  designs  to  Saile  with  or  before  this)  I  shall 
Send  my  Invoice,  &  by  him  write  whats  farther  necessary.  I 
hope  to  hear  from  you  by  all  oppertunitys,  &  shall  not  trouble 
you  farther  at  present  but  with  my  best  respects  &  Service  take 
leave 

Gen* 
I  have  charged  a  bill  of  Ex^'*  on  yo      Yo''  reall  iv^  8c  Serv* 
to  Cap*  Bradly  for  8  1  10s  St'g  w<=''  W  B 

please  to  pay  accordingly 


iU 


■J    on'i    icl    •rVBo 


^yU 


rxa  ju  ri 


..:> 


352  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   xMAGAZINE. 

To  Mr  North 

,  ..•,,:,..    I  .    ,  ,,    .    y-j-g..^  March  y^  29'^  1685. 

M}'  last  to  3'-ou  by  Hall,  by  whom  I  sent  an  Invoice  for  my 
Indian  trade,  w'^''  I  hope  may  come  in  timely  to  Satisfaction 
this  onely  Ser\^es  to  Salute  you  &  our  friends  l^y  Bradly  I  shall 
.    .  write  more  largely  by  Ruds  who  Sails  w*-''  or  before  this,  by 

,'  whom  have  Sent  you  ab*  89  H^'  Tob'o  &  Six  of  furres,  as  allso 

my  Invoice  for  English  Goods;  I  had  no  occasion  for  those  Guns 
m''  Dyose  Sent  mee,  they  now  ly  by  &  I  have  writ  him  word  that 
if  hee  will  take  (P')  cost  for  them  (w;''  is  51.  15s)  I  would  desire 
you  to  pay  him,  otherwise  shall  deliver  them  to  his  Order.  Yo'' 
DufTeilds  much  complain 'd  of  both  y''  goodnesse  &  color  a 
darker  blew  pleases  the  Indians  best.  Cap*'  Bradly  tells  mee 
hee  expects  his  ship  will  bee  Sold  when  hee  comes  home,  &  y' 
"X  hee  may  buy  her  &  Sett  her  out  to  Sea  under  10001.  St'g.     If 

So  I  promised  him  if  you  would  come  in  (&  mony  will  hold  out) 
to  hold  T8,  Cap*^  Randolph  &  Some  others  here  have  promised 
the  like;  I  looke  on  him  to  bee  an  industrious  &  succesfull  man 
&  imagine  it  can  bee  no  hard  bargain  if  (as  hee  Saith)  y^  ship 
bee  well  found ;  Pray  remember  mee  to  all  our  friends  &  accept 
of  mine  &  my  wives  best  respects  &  Service  to  yo'"selfe  &  Lady 
from  '■'!.' 

'         S^ 

Yo' friend  &  Serv* 

W  B      ,  .   ,  . 
Yo''  blew  plains  were  y  best  onely  Something  too  dear 
To  m'  North  ^  Bradly 


^  .       To  Charles  Dyose 

Virginia  Aprill  y^  P*  1685. 
S'  '■■    ■'•■■, 

Yo"  by  Cap*  Bradly  came  to  my  Hands  w*''  Eight  Guns  (as 
I  suppose)  in  a  Case  not  yett  open'd,  I  have  at  this  time  about 


'3 


Letters  op  William  Bvrd,  First.  353 

100  of  my  owne,  &  cannot  expect  to  Sell  them  this  year,  I  have 
offcr'd  y'm  to  m^  Harrison  on  your  Acco«  but  hce  told  mee  hee 
had  no  occasion  for  y'm  nor  an}'  Order  ab^  them,  the  Countr>' 
at  this  time  is  much  over  Stocked  with  tradeing  Goods,  of  all 
Sorts.  I  am  Sorry  I  could  not  Sen'e  3'Ou  in  this;  if  you  will  take 
y'  V  cost  (w:''  is  5.  15)  for  y'm,  I  will  write  to  m^  North  to  pay 
it  you,  othenvise  order  whom  you  please  to  receive  them,  &  they 
shall  bee  deliver^^;  My  best  respects  &  Service  to  your  selfe  ^' 
Lady  from 

Yo""  friend  &  Serv^ 
To  m'  Charls  Dyose  \y  b 


To 


,  'j'^^ 


Virg'a  P'o  Aprill  IttS5 


I  wrote  to  you  2  days  Since  p^  Bradly  who  is  not  yet  gone, 
this  will  (I  hope)  come  Safe  to  your  Hands,  by  Cap^  Ruddes 
w"'  8  H'l'  of  Tob'o  &  6  of  furres  &  skins.     I  have  now  allso 
Sent  my  Invoice  for  English  Goods,  &  I  fear  drawne  it  a  little 
too  largely,  but  if  mony  will  not  hold  out  you  may  abate  Some- 
things for  I  doe  not  care  to  bee  in  debt.     Pray  Send  my  Goods 
in  a  first  Ship  but  not  where  m"  Perry  &  Lane  ship  my  other 
Cargo.     If  the  Booth  will  take  them  Send  by  her.     My  Little 
Daughter  Ursula  comes  in  the  Culpeper  pray  if  shee  wants 
anytliing  lett  her  bee  Supplyed.     I  shall  not  doubt  yo^  kindnesse. 
I  suppose  my  father  Horsmonden  (2)  will  take  care  for  her  w'n 
hee  hears  of  her  Arriveall.     Cap*  Rudds  is  now  with  mee  & 
tells  mee  hee  hath  but  83  h^^  of  Tobacco  on  board,  though  there 
?^_  84  mention^  in  my  Invoice,  (his  men  as  hee  Saith)  haveing 
•    ^"?     ''Father  Horsmanden,'"'  was'Warham  HorTsmandcn,  who  h^^em- 
igrated  to  Virginia  during  the  Civil  Wars  an.l  had  been  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses  and  Council.    He  returned  to  England  at  the  Restora- 
tion and  lived  first  at  Lenham,  Kent.,  and  later  at  Purleigh,  Essex  where 
he  was  patron  of  the  rectory.     He  was  son  of  Rev.  Daniel  Horsmanden, 
Rector  of  Llcombe,  Kent    and  his  wife  Ur.sula,  daughter  of  Sir  Warham 
St   I^eger.  of  Ulcombe      He  d>cd  in  1691.  aged  04.     His  son  Daniel  (the 
,Sn    t""'  ^''"''''^     °^  ^}'^  ^y""^  letters),  M.  A.  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford 
1070,  became  rector  of  Purleigh  16S0.     See  this  Magazine  XV    314-317' 


[i    7 


,T.'t>I 


13 
0 


a 


J  <(0  f : 


354  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  '*" 

left  one  behind.  However  hee  promiseth  if  the  H*^"  bee  foun  : 
on  board,  itt  shall  bee  deliver'^  you.  I  guesse  it  may  bee  No 
299  but  am  not  certain;  I  shall  not  trouble  you  faither  att 
present,  but  vvdth  best  respects  &  Service  to  yC  selfe,  Lady  & 
all  our  friends,  take  leave 

S^ 
Yo' friend  &  Servant 
•  Wm  B 

To  M  p  Ruds  ^ 


•'   .    ,       To 

Virg'a  Aprill  the  first  1685. 
Gen«        .  ^  " 

I  wrote  to  you  2  days  Since  p''  Cap^  Bradly,  w"''  I  hope  w*^ 
w'  Goods  I  sent  will  come  Safe  to  Hand,  as  allso  this  p  the 
Culpeper  w""  the  Tobacco  &  fun'es  as  p  bill  of  Ladeing  &  invoice 
inclosed,  allso  a  little  daughter  of  mine  (w"'  her  maid)  who  is 
designed  to  my  father  Horsmonden  in  Essex.  I  hope  you'l 
please  to  bee  kind  to  y°  Child,  &  assist  her  on  her  way.  In- 
closed is  my  invoice  for  Goods  which  I  hope  may  come  in  timely. 
Cap'  Morgan  is  now  with  m.ce  &  tells  mee  hee  cannot  give  mee 
bills,  yett  not  knowing  whether  all  is  on  board  or  not  I  suppose 
there  is  no  mistake,  &  if  I  have  not  opertunity  m*"  P'  Perry 
will  Send  you  a  bill  of  Ladeing.  If  you  could  help  mee  to  a 
likely  Youth  that  might  bee  tmsty,  &  was  capable  of  buisinesse, 
it  would  doe  mee  a  Kindnesse,  hee  should  bee  put  to  no  hard 
worke,  his  chief  buisinesse  would  bee  in  the  Store,  the  boy  I 
have  now  is  allmost  free  &  I  cannot  bee  without  one.  I  hope 
you  will  bee  carefuU  in  my  Indian  Tioicke  y''  nothing  bee  want- 
ing, but  Buffeilds,  Cottons  &  plains  to  bee  good  in  their  kinds 
&  of  a  Darker  blew  then  formerly,  there  is  on  board  this  ship 
5  H''*  of  Tob'o  (as  p  inclosed  invoice)  ship''  by  order  of  m'  P' 
Perry  for  a  Servant  boy  (belonging  to  y'=  Wm  &  Mary)  Sold  to 
John  Willson.  By  Cap*  Tibbets  you  shall  hear  farther  My 
best  respects  &  Service  to  all  where  Due  &  please  to  accept 
the  Same  your  selves  from 

Gen'  •    ■■■      '       •    ' 

Yo'  reall  frd  &  Serv' 
W  B 


ebuH  q  M  oT 


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tSdi  itnh  9rfi  JCnqA  /j'^iiV 


•rtf*0 


ivis 


Letters  of  William  Byrd,  First.  355 

My  humble  Service  to  my  Lady  Berkeley  (3)  if  not  come  away. 
If  my  Datitrhter  wants  an^ahing  lett  her  bee  Supplyed. 


To  

Virg'a  Ap'll  y^  1"'  1685        ,. 
Dear  S^ 

I  am  Sorry  I  was  So  imhappy  as  to  receive  but  one  letter  from 

you  this  year  &  that  gave  mee  an  ace*  you  were  indisposed,  & 
truely  I  should  liave  fear''  youj-  liealth,  had  not  m''  North,  often 
writt  mee  word  all  our  friends  were  Well  of  w'm  you  Ime  Sure 
ever  deservedly  hath  y  first  place  in  ray  thoughts,  &  truely  if 
kindnesse  to  any  one  in  a  Suj^erlative  degree  bee  a  demonstra- 
tion of  friendship,  I  have  ever  found  it  from  you  beyond  ex- 
pression, Vv'''*'  I  shall  never  bee  able  Sufficiently  to  acknowledge. 
I  am  Son-y  our  poor  friend  that  should  have  brought  yo""  letf 
dyed  att  Sea,  So  vintimely  before  hee  had  past  y°  meridian  of  his 
age,  the  good  old  wom :  (that  shee  might  loose  no  time)  marry^ 
again  in  Jan'ry  to  a  Stranger,  wee  lately  dranke  your  token 
att  Cap*  Randolphs  amongst  a  great  deale  of  good  company 
&  retunie  our  hearty  thanlcs  for  the  Sa,me.  We  dranke  all  yo'' 
Good  healths  &  designe  you  shall  hear  farther  from  us  Suddenly. 
I  have  a  little  daughter  comes  home  in  this  ship  &  have  no 
reason  in  the  least  to  Suspect  yo''  kindnesse  to  her,  nor  Assistance 
one  her  way  into  Essex.  Pray  present  Cap*  Morgan  w'^  a 
p*  of  plate  ab*  6  or  1.7  price.  My  best  respects  &  Service  to  all 
where  due,  &  in  a  more  p'ticular  manner  to  yo''  selfe  &  Lady 
from 

^  ,,.  D'  S^ 

Yo^  Oblidged  fr^^  &  Serv*  ;-.,.., 
^ Vf  B 

(3)  "My  Lady  Berkeley,"  widow  of  Sir  William.  It  is  probable  that 
not  long  after  her  return  to  Virginia  she  married  Col.  Pliillipp  Ludweli, 
of  "Rich  Neck."  She  was  a  Kentish  Culpeper  (a  first  cousin,  it  seems 
to  Governor  Lord  Culpeper)  and  was  probably  related  to  Byrd's  wife. 
On  Oct.  5,  1G80,  Lord  Culpeper  wrote  to  his  sister  in  England  "My  Lady 
Berkeley  is  married  to  Mr.  LudwcU  and  thinkes  no  more  of  our  world." 
.^fter  the  English  fashion  she  retained  her  higher  title,  and  at  Jamestown 
a  fragment  of  stone  with  the  letters  "Frances,  La."  is  all  that  rt-malns 
of  her  tomb 


ids 


.>ii  10 J.  .1  ^y,  vcfct£ii( 


'■^    i/j      i-'jiiiwiltt 


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iH^t      t'.tit     ,0 


356  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

To  Daniel  Horsmonden 

Virginia  June  y'^  5*''  1685 
Dear  Bro. 

Least  you  should  have  just  occasion  to  blame  mee,  for  not 
giveing  you  an  acco'  of  our  Condition  here,  I  send  this  to  ac- 
quaint you  of  our  wellfare,  though  allmost  x  x  x  x  ab''  5  weeks 
Since,  by  a  mighty  fiood  w"''  came  v/'*"  great  Violence  do\N'ne 
the  river  &  raised  it  upward  of  20  foot  above  y*"  common,  & 
hath  done  mee  &  my  neighbo"  much  damage.  My  wife  is  fair 
for  another  little  one;  little  Molly  is  well,  &  I  hope  little  Nutty 
by  this  is  well  with  you.  Cap*  Randolph,  m'^  Banister  in 
health  &  give  you  their  best  respects  &:  Sei^vice.  Pray  give 
mine  to  all  our  friends  &  my  blessing  to  my  Child'n  and  accept 
of  my  most  unstained  love  &  Service  yo*"  selfe  from 

Yo''  loveing  bro  &  Serv' 
W  B 
To  Bro.  Dan'll 


To 


Virg'a  June  6*^  1685 
Gen* 

Since  my  last  I  reC'  one  from  you  via  Barbados,  w^  keeps  us 
still  in  hopes  of  the  Pinke,  you  fonncrly  menconed :  &  wee  now 
daily  expect  if  it  should  faile  twould  bee  an  unhappy  dis-appoint- 
ment  haveing  neglected  all  other  ways  of  Supplying  our  Selves 
w*^  those  commodityes.  the  26  Sz  27""  of  Ap'U  last  here  a 
mighty  fresh  came  downe  this  river,  itt  rise  ab'  3  foot  higher 
then  ever  any  knowne  before,  cany'd  away  all  our  fences,  de- 
stroy'd  all  our  Tob'o  plants,  w**'  much  more  mischief.  Since 
which  hath  been  such  a  drought,  that  I  feel  wee  (hereabouts) 
shall  Scarce  make  any  Come  or  Tob'o  either:  I  hope  what 
Goods  Sent  you  by  Hall,  Bradly  Sc  Culpeper  got  Safe,  this  by 
Cap'  Tibbet  w"'  x  x  x  x  H*^^  of  Tob'o  &  five  of  fuiTes  I  hope  will 
doe  the  like.  Should  have  been  glad  by  my  last  to  have  had 
our  Acco'  of  y*^  market  of  furres  &  as  well  as  others,  but  its 
possible  was  forgotten:     Pray  Send  some  better  paper  p  next, 


.,\nt\OkH  J 


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Letters  of  William  Byrd,  First.  357 

for  this  is  not  fitt  for  vvriteing  as  you  ma}'  easily  perceive.  I 
have  Sent  iDy  Cap'  Tibl^et  a  patteme  of  a  Saw  for  a  Saw  mill 
&  would  desire  you  to  Send  mee  a  do  of  Saws  according  to  that 
paterae,  onely  would  have  them  G  inches  Longer,  the  Bever  Sent 
herewith  (I  thinkc)  is  generally  good  though  a  great  part  of  it 
hath  been  Wctt  w'^'^'  makes  it  show  rough,  yett  being  well  dryed 
I  conceive  its  nere  the  worse,  w'  y''  Tob'o  is  I  know  not  but 
Col'o  Powell  promised  it  should  bee  as  good  as  their  parts  did 
afford.  I  shall  not  trouble  you  farther  at  psent,  but  w^''  re- 
s])(  cts  &  Service  take  Leave 

Gen< 

Yo^  fr^  &  Serv' 

W  B 


To  Rand(4)  ' 

Virg'a  June  8"'  1685 
Dear  S' 

I  wrote  to  you  last  by  the  Culpeper  by  whom  I  sent  my  little 
daughter  Nutty  &  hope  ere  this  is  Safely  arrived,  my  wile  is 
fair  for  another,  because  shec  will  not  bee  behind  her  Sister; 
ab'  the  latter  end  of  Aprill  here  hapen'd  the  greatest  flood  was 
ever  knowne,  ore  floweing  all  our  Lands  came  into  my  dwelling 
house  (5),  &  did  us  infinite  mischief,     should  bee  glad  to  hear 


(4)  This  "Brother"  Rand,  appears  to  have  married  a  Horsmanden,  a 
sister  of  Mrs.  Byrd.  This  conjecture  is  confirmed  by  some  entries 
in  a  Purleigh  register.  Susanna,  daughter  of  Daniel  Horsmanden  had 
in  1G91  for  one  of  her  godfathers  "Nordest  Rand  Esq.,"  while  in  1692, 
line  of  the  sponsors  for  Ursula,  another  daughter,  was  "Mrs.  Ursula  Rand, 
her  aunt." 

(5)  Byrd's  dwelling  house  into  which  the  Hood  came  could  not,  of 
course,  have  been  on  the  present  Belvidere  Street  or  anywhere  else  on  Ore- 
gon Hill  in  Richmond.  The  residence  on  this  height  must  have  been  built 
later.  Probably  this  freshet  induced  the  removal  to  the  hill.  This 
reference  seems  to  render  it  very,  unlikely  that  William  Byrd,  the  founder 
of  Richmond,  who  was  bom  in  1674,  had  as  his  birthplace  either  of  the 
known  sites  on  the  hill.  It  is  more  probable  that  he  was  bom  at  this 
house  accessible  to  the  water,  near  the  river  bank.  Thomas  Stegg  from 
whom  the  elder  Byrd  inherited  much  land  near  the  Falls  of  James  River 
had  a  stone  house  in  the  low  grounds  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  oppo- 
site the  present  Chesapeake  Sc  Ohio  wharves.  This  may  have  been 
Bvrd's  residence  in  UiSO. 


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358  VIRGINIA  Historical  magazine. 

oftner  from  you,  how  all  our  friends  doe,  &  what  news,  of  w^'' 
you  have  often  the  Speediest  way  of  Sending  the  ships  Some- 
times lyeing  long  att  Deale.  All  friends  here  in  he^ilth  &  p.ivo 
you  their  Service.  Pray  give  mine  v/here  due;  especially  to 
Sister  Betty,  Dudly,  m""  Knowlcs,  &  most  unfeigned  to  yo"^ 
selfe  &  Lady  from 

Dear  S' 
Yo""  affectionate  Bro.  &  Sei'v' 
W  B 
To  Bro.  Rand 


To  Mr  Gower 

Virg'a  June  8'"^  1685  , 
S-^ 

I  wrote  to  you  formeily  by  the  Culpepcr  &  gave  you  then  an 
acco*  of  the  losse  of  our  good  friend  Coz  Grendon,  I  hope  his 
Estate  in  England  will  Satisfy  his  ingagements  there  for  here 
will  not  bee  any  thing  to  bee  had,  the  old  Gentlev/o.  ha\'cing  a 
very  firme  bond  for  1900  1.  St'g.  w"^^'^  Vv'ill  talce  preheminence  Sc 
Sweep  av;ay  all  the  Virg'a  Estate,  I  wish  wee  could  have  served 
our  friends  that  way.  Wee  dranke  your  health  memly  \v''' 
yo""  token,  &  by  Col'o  Hill  have  Sent  a  retume.  Yo""  Bro.^o) 
&  all  y°  friends  here  in  health,  onely  allm^ost  drowned  lately 
by  a  mighty  flood  w'^^  raised  our  river  upward  of  20  foot  above 
an  Ordinary  tide.  Pray  give  my  best  respects  to  all  our  friends 
at  Edmonton,  &  where  else  you  know  its  due,  &  accept  the  Same 
yo""  selfe,  w^''  hearty  thanlcs  for  all  yo""  favo"^^  from 

Yo"^  reall  fr*^  &  Servant 
W  B 
To  m''  Gower  


,.  To  P 

,  Virg'a  Nob^y^S^^'  1685 
Gen* 

This  Serves  oncly  to  cover  the  iriclosed  bill  of  Ladeing  &  In- 
voice, hope  to  have  time  to  inlarge,  if  I  can  gett  a  convcniency 
to  Send  m.v  letters  downe 

Yo'  fr-i  &  Serv* 
To  P  p  Wyii W  B ^_ 

(G)  "Your  brother"  was  Alel  Cower  ol  Henrico  County,  in  regard 
to  whom  see  this  magazine  XVII,  400,  401.  The  person  addressed  was 
Thomas  Cower,  of  Edmonton,  England. 


'T  VC! 


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Letteks  op  William  Byrd,  First.  359 

To  Mr  North  '        .  '  '  ' 

Virg'a  Nob^  y«  S'^  1685   ■ 
S' 

This  Serves  onely  to  cover  the  inclosed  Invoice  &  bill  of 
Ladeing  for  20  I-P'  of  Tobacco,  this  ship  saileing  sooner  then 
expected  have  not  time  to  adde  any  thing  but  respects  to  all 
our  friends  from 

Yo'  fr'*  &  Serv'  -    ' 

W  B  ■ 

To  m'  North  p  y«=  Booth 


To 

Virg'a  Xb^  y''  8"'  1685 
Gen* 

Its  about  three  weeks  since  I  wrote  to  you  by  Wynne  who 
(I  hope)  is,  by  this  prety  well  on  his  Voyage.  Last  weeke  I 
hear  the  Booth  Sail*^,  I  had  not  notice  thereof  So  could  n 
write.  I  hope  this  p  Hall  will  not  bee  long  after,  herewith  I 
have  Sent  36  h^^  Tob'o  &  foiu'  of  furs  &  Skins,  w'^''  Cap'  Hall 
would  not  let  mee  put  on  board  w^^  out  leaving  4  H^^  of  Tob'o 
of  y®  80  hce  promised  mee  though  hee  could  fetch  Tob'o  from 
m''  Cainfields.  Its  possible  hee  may  bee  glad  of  them  another 
year.  Yo""  Goods  sent  p  him  I  hope  prove  well,  I  hear  few  com- 
plaints as  yet,  for  Indian  Goods  none  as  yet  Sold.  Hereafter 
shall  give  you  Acco^  how  they  prove.  I  wonder  you  should 
Send  mee  2  Close  stools  (w'^''  to  mee  or  any  else  I  tliinke  are 
uselesse)  without  pans.  I  suppose  they  might  bee  forgo  It,  as 
allso  womens  Stockings  of  w^**  I  rec'^  one  doz.  though  had  none 
charged  mee.  I  want  one  Reame  of  paper  2  being  charged  but 
1  come  to  Hand,  these  I  thinke  are  the  most  materiall  Errors, 
if  I  find  more  shall  hereafter  acquaint  you  with  them.  Hope 
Tob'o  may  doe  well  this  year.  All  agi-ee  its  generally  better 
y'n  hath  been  of  late  years.  The  proposition  ab'  negro's  I  hope 
will  bee  comply'd  w*''  &  Wynne  dispatched,  for  Paggens  (7) 

(7)     Petter  Paggen  &  Co.  of  London,  did  a  large  trade  with  Virginia 
about  this  period. 


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VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


Concernc  may  justly  glory  in  the  trade  of  this  River  haveing 
been  mighty  Successfull  these  two  last  years.  No  News  as 
yet  of  our  Salt  from  Ortou,  Roger  Newliam  hath  lately  prom- 
ised us  to  Send  it  up.  Ime  Sure  I  want  it.  Ships  here  will  find 
a  ready  dispatch,  Newham  &  Bradly  will  Saile  within  a  month 
if  Weather  p'mits.  Wee  are  in  daily  expectation  of  y^  Culpeper, 
fraight  yet  wanting.  All  our  friends  well.  Pray  pay  any 
charge  my  father  Horsmonden  shall  desire  you,  or  shall  bee 
any  otherwise  due,  for  my  Child"'  maintenance  &  Schooling 
in  England,  its  but  8  days  Since  yours  Via  barbados  &  p  Dept- 
ford  ketch  came  to  Hand,  w'^  an  Acco^  of  y*^  HoU'^  Venditia  I 
wish  it  proves  no  worse  this  year,  shall  not  enlarge  att  present, 
but  w*''  best  respects  take  Leave  G* 

.     '     .  Yo'  reall  fr-^  &  Serv^      '      • 

...V  ^  ■"  W  B.     ■■     - 

'  '    ■'  ••  '  (To  be  continued)         <■•«.■■  . 


■,.4     :      '\i   .;,„■ 


vr.ri  -m)^. 


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VIRGINIA    IN    1078.  361 


VIRGINIA  IN  1678-1679. 


(Abstracts  by  W.  N.  Sainsbury,  and  copies  in  the  McDonald 

and  De  Jamette  Papers,  Virginia  State  Library.) 

(Continued) 


May  20.  1679 
Petition  of  Bartholomew  Price,  Guardian  to  John 
Jeffreys  a  Minor  son  to  Col.  Herbert  Jeffreys,  to  the  King. 
For  payment  of  £300,  granted  by  his  Maj.  to  Col.  Jeffreys, 
still  in  the  hands  of  Alderman  John  Jeffreys  and  an'ears  of  his 
salary  from  25  March  1678  for  the  relief  of  the  poor  widow  now 
in  prison  &  the  maintenance  of  her  poor  orphan  and  to  grant 
an  order  for  her  release.  "Delivered  to  the  Committee  by  M"" 
Secretary  Coventr^^  20^i>  of  Ivlay  1679." 
(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  p.  304.) 


Letter  Mrs.  Jeffreys  to  Secretary  Coventry. 
Sir 

I  presume  so  much  upon  Your  kno\vn  Justice  and  Charity 
to  represent  to  You  my  sad  condition  here  which  now  is  more 
deplorable  than  anybodys  was.  I  paid  or  gave  Bail  to  all 
Debts  that  came  to  me  and  when  I  thought  I  had  satisfied  the 
most  strictest  Laws  in  the  World  and  was  ready  to  come  home 
in  Captain  Morris  ship,  Coll.  Spencer,  my  Lord  Culpepers 
Attorney,  lays  in  a  claim  against  me  for  all  perquisits  since  my 
husband  came  into  this  Colony  notwithstanding  that  the  words 
of  the  Kings  Letter  is  that  all  perquisils,  and  Airears  not  actuall}' 
received  by  You,  shall  remain  in  custody  for  the  said  Lord  Cul- 
peper  and  I  have  offered  to  give  Security  to  pay  all  that  can  be 
found  my  husband  has  received  since  the  25***  March  1678  but 
that  will  not  satisfy,  therefore  'tis  plain  they  seek  my  life  in 
malice  to  my  husband  though  none  of  them  can  tax  him  of 
doing  any  injustice  therefore  Sir,  May  most  humble  Petition 


IK 


!!•  t:     <  I   1 


:  362  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ,^,. 

■  ■  to  you  is  thai  you  will  be  pleased  to  take  the  cause  of  so  miser- 
;  able  a  poor  Yvidow  into  Your  Prc/iectioii  and  make  it  accent- 
able  to  His  rvia"-^  by  your  ivi-e.-^enling  of  it  for  I  cannot  hoi>e 
to  outlive  this  persecution  but  I  most  Irombly  beseech  you  to 
intercede  for  me  to  Kis  Ma'^^  that  my  child  may  not  be  ruined 
since  his  father  lost  his  life  in  most  faithfully  performing  his 
duty  to  His  Ma}^.  I  do  not  doubt  that  if  my  enemys  here 
would  give  me  leave  to  come  and  cast  myself  at  the  Kings  feet 
but  His  Ma^y  would  be  graciously  pleased  to  extend  his  accus- 
tomed goodness  to  me  and  my  poor  fatherless  Child  and  give 
him  a  comfortable  subsistence  in  this  world. 

But  I  am  most  unjustly  kept  here  therefore  do  most  humbly 

■  beg  of  you  to  take  the  cause  of  the  poor  fatherless  child  into 
your  protection  and  whilst  I  breath  you  shall  never  want  the 
prayers  of  Sir,  ., 

Your  humble  and  obedient  , . 

■  ,     Ser.  Jeffreys. 

:  Sir 

j  I  beseech  you  to  pardon  all  faults  here,  for  so  great  a  load  of 

'  afflictions  distract  me. 

I  .  ., .  A  true  Copy     teste 

'  '  \V.  Davis. 


Whitehall,  May  20,  1579 
Minutes  of  a  Committee  of  Trade  and  Plantations. 
Inforaiation  of  Capt.  Rudge,  Master  of  the  Hopewell,  lately 
come  from  Virginia,  summoned  by  Order  in  Council  of  IQ^^ 
inst.  in  reference  to  the  great  disorders  committed  by  the 
Indians  who  had  lately  made  peace  with  the  English,  in  kilHng 
several  of  the  people  &  totally  ruining  Col.  Place's  plantation, 
who  is  now  in  England;  the  great  tcn-or  caused  by  a  body  of  8 
or  10,000  Indians  assembled  about  Blackwater  upon  the  North- 
em  borders  of  Carolina;  the  people  not  reconciled  to  one  anotlier 
since  the  Rebellion  wliich  has  a  deal  of  ill  blood.  Sir  Henry 
Cliicheley  the  present  CIO^^emor  very  old,  sickly  and  crazv  (1). 

(1)  At  this  time  "crazy"  referred  to  bodily,  not  mental,  weakness. 
No  serious  attacks  by  the  Indians  followed  the  great  gathering  of  the 
tribes   referred  to.     It  may  have  boon  nothing  but  a  baseless  rumor. 


--?•-.;.  f  T  n''    1' 


iUBiih:  ... 

eJe-ji     Y<|oO  ;3{nJ  A 


'rh 


VIRGINIA   IN    1678.  363 

Information  of  Capts.  Grantham  &  Rider  that  at  York  liver 
there  was  a  reix)rt  of  a  great  incursion  of  Indians  about  Rappa- 
hannock River,  that  many  people  had  left  their  plantations 
thro  fear.     Concerning  a  Convoy  for  the  next  fleet  to  Virginia. 

Petition  of  Bartholomew  Price,  Guardian  to  John  Jeffreys 
son  to  Col.  Herbert  Jeffreys  late  Governor  of  Virginia,  com- 
plaining of  ill  usage  to  Mrs.  Jeffreys,  Widow,  by  reason  of  a 
pretended  debt  of  Col.  Spencer,  Attorney  to  Lord  Culpeper  for 
perquisites  received  since  her  husband  came  into  the  Countr>-. 
Lord  Culpeper's  answer  to  the  same.     4  pp. 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  106,  pp.  5-8.) 


Whitehall,  May  21,  1679 
Order  of  the  King  in  Council  on  Report  of  Comliiti-ee 
FOR  Trade  and  Plantations  on  Petition  of  Bartholomew  Price, 
Guardian  to  Col.  Jeffrey's  son  directing  that  Sir  Henry  Chiche- 
ley,  Governor  of  Virginia  inform  himself  of  the  differences  de- 
pending between  Lord  Culpeper  or  his  Agents  and  Mistress 
Jeffreys  who  is  to  be  pemiitted  to  come  to  England  to  settle 
her  deceased  husband's  debts;  and  that  vSecretary  Coventr}'' 
take  sufficient  security  on  the  part  of  Lord  Culpeper  as  of  said 
Mrs.  Jeffreys  that  all  things  be  duly  perfomied  jjursuant  to  lus 
Maj.  letter  of  27  Dcx:.  1677.  (which  see)  3  pp. 
(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80.  pp.  309-311.) 


Council  Chamber  June  27,  1679 
Mem'dm.  The  Lord  President  is  Desired  by  the  Lords 
OF  Trade  and  I^lantations  to  report  to  his  Alaj.  in  Council 
That  upon  a  motion  made  by  the  Earl  of  Essex  from  the  Lords 
of  the  Treasury,  their  Lordships  are  of  opinion  that  it  will  Lest 
consist  with  his  Maj.  sei"\4ce  and  tlie  ease  of  the  Treasury  that 
all  allowances  made  by  his  Maj.  inito  the  Governors  and  other 
Officers  of  the  Plantations  as  also  for  the  Companies  maintained 
there  may  be  paid  by  the  pay-master  of  his  Maj.  forces  upon 
the  general  cstabUslmient  settled  for  that  sei-\"ice.  ,, 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  97,  p.  63.) 


sac 


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•^*^4  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ■•' 

Whitehall  June  27,   17G9 
Order  of  the  King  in  Council  on  report  of  Lords  of  Trade 
and  Plantations  on  the  present  allowances  for  support  of  the 
Government  of  his  Maj.  Colonies  in  America;  that  the  following 
Allowances  &  Establishments  shall  be  continued  &  no  others 
viz.;  ^     :-  ' 

For  Virginia  (among  others) 

To  the  Governor  per  ann.  v  . 

To  the  Lt.  Gov.  per  ann.    •■::. 

To  the  Maj.  Gen.  per  ann.        ,. 

For  maintenance  of  forts  ,    .. 

For  two  Companies  of  100  each  3327  n  g 

To  the  Chimrgeon  per  ann.  92    5  q' 

Tt  the  Chaplane  per  ann.  \  .     •  ,•  12113  4 


1000 
600 
300 
600 


6040.10.0. 


Besides  an  allowance  to  an  Engineer  to  be  retained 
for  some  time  longer  in  case  the  Country  proceed  to 
build  a  Fort  after  the  rate  of  10s.  per  diem  for  him- 
self &  4s.p^  diem  for  one  serv*  p'  ann.  219 
As  also  to  a  Gun.smith  &  two  mates  to  be  cont<i  some 
time  longer  at  8s.  4d.  per  diem— per  ann.  152 


Total  £6371.10.0. 

To  be  paid  as  they  become  due  by  the  Paymaster  of  his  Maj 
Forces  upon  a  General  Establishment  to  be  settled  for  that 
service  uhich  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury  are  hereby  directed 
to  see  done  accordingly— The  two  foot  Companies  of  Virginia 
to  be  continued  for  one  year  and  until  further  order. 

(Col.  Kntrv  Bk.  No.  97,  pp.  63-66.) 

Whitehall,  July  25,  1679 
Order  of  the  Privy  Council,  refening  to  the  Committee 
ot  Plantations  a  letter  from  Sir  Henry  Chicheley  and  the  Spealcer 
ot  the  Assembly  of  Virginia  to  the  King  together  with  a  letter 
from  Sir  Henry  Chicheley  to  Sec.  Coventry,  see  20  May  1679 
(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80,  p.  362.) 


u.{. 


amoe  '»;tno 


IsioT 


VIRGINIA    IN    1678.  -,  3()5 

Whitehall  Aug.  6,  1679 
Order  of  the  Privy  Council.  That  an  Act  of  Assembly 
begun  at  James  City  25  April  last  entitled  An  Act  (2)  enabling 
Major  Lawrence  Smith  and  CaT)t.  Wm.  Bird  to  seat  certain 
Lands  at  the  head  of  Rappahannoc-k  River  and  James  River  be 
forthwith  suspended  until  his  Maj.  further  pleasure  be  signified 
and  that  no  Assembly  be  called  in  Virginia  before  1*"  Januar>- 
next  of  all  which  Sec.  Coventry  is  to  give  intimation  to  Sir 
Henry  Chicheley  Deputy  Governor  of  that  Colon>- — also  t(^ 
signify  that  his  Maj.  has  received  the  Address  concerning  the 
pay  of  the  soldiers  there  and  the  arrears  of  Quit  Rents. 
(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80,  p.  359.) 


Whitehall,  Aug.  6,  1679 
Order  of  the  Privy  Council  on  letter  from  Sir  Henry 
Chicheley  of  20  May  last  and  Address  of  the  Assembly  of  Vir- 
ginia inclosed  (which  see).  That  a  letter  be  prepared  for  the 
King's  signature  to  Lord  Culpeper  to  acquaint  the  Assembly 
on  his  aiTival  that  his  Maj.  before  the  receipt  of  their  address, 
had  taken  care  for  payment  of  the  arrears  due  to  the  soldiers 
&  for  the  continuance  of  the  same  for  the  future ;  and  that  as  to 
the  Quit  rents,  his  Maj.  had  long  had  that  matter  under  con- 
sideration &  will  shortly  give  orders  therein  for  his  own  service 
&  the  ease  of  the  people.  Also  that  he  has  sent  some  laws  to 
them  to  which  he  expects  a  cheerful  &  ready  compHance.  assur- 
ing them  of  his  particular  care  and  kindness  for  that  his  Colony. 
That  an  Instruction  to  Lord  Culpeper  be  prepared  to  forbear 
the  publication  of  his  additional  Commission  for  six  months 
after  his  arrival  if  he  thinl-:  fit. 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80,  pp.  363-4.)  ■    : 


Aug.  9,  1679,  Whitehall 
Sec.  Coventry  to  Sir  Henry  Chicheley,  Deputy  Governor 

(2)  This  act  of  the  Assembly  of  April  1G79,  appears  in  Hening  II,  448- 
454.  It  was  intended  as  a  cheap  provision  for  the  defense  of  the  heads 
of  James  and  Rappahamiock  Rivers.  Major  Lawrence  Smith,  of  Glou- 
cester, was  granted  a  tract  at  the  falls  of  Rappahannock  f(nir  and  a  half 
by  four  miles,  and  Wm.  Byrd  of  Henrico,  a  tract  five  by  three  miler.  at  thv 
falls  of  James.  Each  was  to  keep  fifty  armed  men  constantly  on  their 
grants  and  was  given  some  local  jurisdiction. 


das 


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uJ^-A    L;i.,  ^J: 


300  VIR(JIN1A    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  :  \; 

of  Virginia.  Is  commanded  by  the  King  to  signify  to  him  that 
an  Act  enabling  Major  Lawrence  Smith  &  Capt.  Wm.  Bird  to 
seat  certain  lands  at  the  head  of  Rappahannock  River  and  James 
River  be  forthwith  suspended  so  that  no  proceedings  may  be 
had  thereupon  until  his  Maj.  shall  signify  his  further  pleasure — 
that  no  Assembly  be  called  or  held  in  Virginia  before  1  January- 
next — and  that  having  received  an  Address  concerning  the  pay 
of  the  soldiers  there  and  the  aiTcars  of  Quit  rents  such  order 
will  be  taken  therein  upon  the  arrival  of  Lord  Culpeper  as  shall 
be  for  the  good  of  his  Maj.  subjects  there. 
(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  95,  p.  175.) 


WhitehaU.  Aug.  9,  1679 
Secretary  Co\entry  to  Sir  Henry  Chtcheley,  Deputy 
Governor  of  Yirgania.  Has  received  his  letter  of  20'''  May  last 
wherein  he  enlarges  upon  the  matter  of  the  Address  from  him- 
self and  the  Assembly  concerning  the  paj^  of  the  soldiers  there 
and  the  arrears  of  the  Quit  rents  to  wliich  his  Majesty  has 
ordered  his  answer.  Shall  endeavour  to  deser\'e  his  good 
opinion  by  showing  his  heaity  inclinations  for  the  welfare  of 
Virginia,  and  also  to  his  own  particular. 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  95,  p.  175.)  , 


Whitehall,  Sept.   10.   1079 
The  King  to  Thos.  Lord  Culpeper. 

At  his  earnest  and  reiterated  instances  and  in  contemplation 
of  the  condition  of  affairs  in  Virginia  where  his  presence  is 
highly  necessary  his  Maj.  has  condescended  to  his  speedy  rejjair 
thither  notwithstanding  the  great  and  urgent  occasions  the 
King  has  of  his  ser\'ices  here.  He  is  hereby  granted  full  power 
to  repair  back  to  the  King's  presence  as  soon  as  in  his  discretion 
the  state  of  affairs  in  Virginia  will  in  any  sort  permit  his  absence, 
as  well  in  person  to  give  an  exact  account  of  the  same  and  con- 
tinue his  services  to  his  Maj.  here,  as  for  some  short  tune  to 
take  care  of  his  own  private  concerns,  which  his  constant 
attendance  on  the  King  has  hitherto  liindered  him  from  suffi- 
ciently providing  for — After  which  the  King  will  give  orders 
for  his  speedy  return  thither  again  to  perfect  the  settlement 
and  welfare  of  that  Colony. 

(Col.  Entry  Bk.  No.  80,  pp.  380-1.) 

(To  be  continued) 


.MmsAOAu  ...—„.. ,..-.  'oiyd 


.1  .4  X-l  .o¥..  .:l  ioT)) 


.aofi'i'  ■' 


k) 


^l<i  iiJii'd  .iu.i> 


Will  of  John  Baylot.  -'567 


THE  WILL  OF  JOHN  BAYLOR  OF  iNEW  MARKET. 


■     Made  19th  Febmary,   1770.     Proved  16th  May,  1772.        ,, 

In  the  name  of  God,  Amen. — 

I,  John  Baylor  of  New  Market,  in  the  County  of  Caroline, 
being  of  sound  mind  and  disposing  memory  do  make  this  my 
last  will  and  testament  for  settling  my  temporal  concerns  after 
recommending  my  soul  to  my  blessed  Saviour  and  Redeemer, 
trusting  not  in  my  own  merits  but  in  His  mercy  for  Salvation 
and  my  body  to  the  earth  to  be  buried  at  the  discretion  of  my 
dear  v.ife  and  friends. 

Imprimis. — I  give  to  my  well  beloved  wife,  Frances  Baylor, 
in  lieu  of  dower  and  claim  out  of  my  estate  the  use  of  all  that 
part  of  the  tract  of  land  whereon  I  now  live,  within  the  follow- 
ing bounds,  that  is  to  say — Beginning  at  the  end  of  Peridleton 
Hill  road  opposite  to  my  house  and  running  thence  to  the  branch 
which  nms  between  miy  dv/elling  house  and  that  wherein  ray 
stewards  have  lived — thence  down  tlie  said  branch  to  v/here  it 
em.pties  itself  into  the  Great  IMeadow  Swam.p — thence  along 
the  said  swamp  to  a  dam  formerh'-  made  across  the  same  — 
thence  a  straight  line  to  the  river  at  a  ford  called  Swift  Water, 
down  the  river  to  Todd's  line,  along  that  line  to  the  main  road 
and  along  the  road  to  the  beginning.  Also  the  following  slaves, 
to  wit: 

Carpenter,  Tom,  Old  Guilbert,  Ben  and  Tom  in  the  house, 
Michael,  Joe,  Sam.  Ismael,  Peler,  Lewis,  Ralph,  Kicky,  Robin, 
Pompey,  Young  v'^arnson.  Old  Sarah,  Beck,  Caroline  and  her 
four  children,  Grace  and  Clara,  Judy,  Sam,  Gabriel  and  Beck, 
Scilla  and  her  six  children,  C^aleb,  Lewis,  Amiistead.Beniard, 
Agga  and  Scilla,  Old  Hannah,  Isbell,  Sail,  Milly,  Betty,  Jenny, 
Thone  and  her  two  children  Fannie  and  Bick,  Christian  and 
her  two  children  Bird  and  Polly,  Old  Malade,  Nan,  Hannah, 


Tei.  lAjVAfi  miof.  -^o  jJiW 


.CVTI  .y  I'l      OT"' 


/i.-i.-BT;  '^I'To: 


nUflD  lUO! 


! 

,»i.   r. :   .,1  I      ill./         7     .    .       .       ■  ■  >      .  ,  ,'^  .     '   •  1  /     ,11  ' .  -.1  i  '111  r»   <7  z/. 


308  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Scylvia,  Daphney,  Esther  and  Humphrey,  with  their  increase 
from  the  date  of  my  will  during  her  natural  life  and  after  her 
death,  I  give  the  said  lands  to  my  son  John  for  such  estate  and 
subject  to  the  like  limitations  and  remainders  as  her-in-after 
mentioned  in  the  devise  to  him  of  the  residue  of  my  home  tract, 
and  the  said  slaves  with  their  increase  to  be  equally  divided 
between  my  four  sons,  John,  George,  Robert  and  Wallcer  Bay- 
lor, or  the  sundving  heirs  in  case  either  of  them  should  die  before 
their  marriage  without  issue.  I  give  to  my  said  Vvife  as  her 
absolute  property  one  half  of  my  stocks  of  black  cattle,  sheep, 
and  hogs,  half  the  grain  of  all  sorts  and  plantation  tools,  all 
plows,  horses  and  wheel  carriages  which  shall  be  at  m.y  home 
plantation  and  Goose  Pond  Oviarters  at  my  death,  also  my 
charriot  and  .seven  horses  now  used  to  draw  it,  my  riding  chair, 
with  one  half  of  my  household  and  kitchen  furniture,  spinning 
wheels  and  looms,  and  their  lackle,  to  her  Executors,  Admini- 
strators or  assigns  forever.  And  the  estate  given  my  said  wife 
to  be  exempt  from  the  pa>Tnent  of  debts  and  legacies. 

Item — I  give  and  devise  to  my  oldest  son  Jolin  Baylor  the 
residue  of  the  tract  of  land  whereon  I  now  live  and  the  several 
parcels  purchased  thereto  adjoining  on  the  north  side  of  Matta- 
pony  river,  with  my  Mill  and  Mill  Quarter  lands  to  my  son  John 
and  the  heirs  of  his  body,  and  in  default  of  such  heirs  I  give  the 
same  with  the  lands  lent  my  wife  to  my  son  George  and  the 
heirs  of  his  body,  and  in  default  of  such  heirs  to  my  son  Robert 
and  the  heirs  of  his  body,  and  in  default  of  such  heirs  to  my  son 
Walker  and  the  heirs  of  his  body  forever.  I  also  give  to  my 
said  son  John  all  the  lands  I  hold  in  the  County  of  Orange  with 
the  slaves  thereon,  being  eighty  in  number,  and  their  future 
increase,  also  all  stock  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs,  grain 
of  all  sorts,  pots  and  pans,  and  plantation  tools  upon  the  said 
lands,  also  the  following  slaves,  to-wit:  Sawney  a  carpenter 
Gabriel  and  Ben  (Smiths),  two  Martins  (wheelwrights),  Gilbert 
(miller),  Lunny,  Peg,  Carter,  Tom,  Miles,  Gabriel,  Patty,  Dol- 
phin at  home,  and  Old  Jamie,  Young  Jamie,  Austin,  Dick,  Lott, 
Penn,  Grace,  Zachary,  Neil,  Nan,  rvlice,  Lott,  Sarah  and  her 
children,  at  the  Mill  with  their  future  increase,  also  all  grain 
at  the  Mill,  and  all  grain.  Stocks  of  black  cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs 


■  ^  Will  op  John  Baylor.     '     •'  ''•  359 

and  plow  horses,  pots,  pans,  and  plantation  tools  of  all  sorts 
on  the  Mill  Quarter  plantation — half  of  my  stock  of  black  cattle, 
sheep  and  hogs  at  my  home  and  Goose  Pond  Quarter  plantation, 
my  English  horse  Feamaught,  and  these  mares,  namely:  Old 
Jenny.  Dismal,  English,  Gray  Steady,  Sally  and  Lovely,  and 
all  my  books,  all  of  which  I  give  to  my  said  son  John  and  his 
heirs,  forever — upon  this  express  condition,  that  he  shall  pay 
unto  my  son  Walker  Baylor  six  htmdred  pounds,  when  the  said 
Walker  shall  become  of  the  age  of  twenty-one.  At  the  same 
time  deliver  to  him  two  young  male,  Virginia  bond  tithable 
slaves  to  be  his  absolute  property,  and  also  a  good  young  riding 
horse,  and  shall  pay  to  him  and  each  of  his  brothers  George  and 
Robert  the  sum  of  twenty-five  pounds  sterling  to  assist  in  a 
library  which  I  higlily  recommend  to  be  yearly  added  to,  sub- 
ject also  to  the  charges  here-in-after  laid  on  my  son  John,  but 
if  my  son  John  shall  die  before  he  arrives  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
one  years  then  the  said  slaves  and  stock  devised  to  him  shall 
be  equally  divided  between  my  other  three  sons  George,  Robert, 
and  Walker,  or  the  survivors  of  them,  subject,  however,  to  the 
charges  aforesaid. 

Item — I  give  my  lower  Pole  Cat  tract  of  land  in  this  county 
containing  about  three  hundred  acres  to  my  son  George  Baylor 
and  the  heirs  of  his  body  forever,  and  in  default  of  such  issue, 
to  my  son  John  and  the  heirs  of  his  body,  and  on  failure  of  such 
heirs  to  my  son  Robert  and  the  heirs  of  his  body,  and  in  default 
of  such  to  my  son  Walker  and  the  heirs  of  his  body  forever — I 
also  give  to  my  said  son  George  all  the  grain,  stocks  of  black 
cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs,  plow  horses,  pots  and  pans,  and  planta- 
tion tools  upon  the  said  lands,  his  own  riding  mare,  Jenny,  Dis- 
mal's colt,  Godoplhin — his  young  mare  Sprightly  at  the  old 
house,  and  the  young  brown  English  begotten  mare  Ballad 
Stella,  with  their  future  increase,  together  with  the  following 
slaves,  to-wit:  Bet,  Jenny,  Lawney,  Goose  Pond  Nat,  Shoe- 
maker Nat,  Phil,  Lee's  Tom,  Jack,  Henry,  Daniel,  Kickey, 
Ambrose,  Lewis,  Jemmy,  Ned,  Hannibal,  Peter,  Will,  Annibal, 
York,  Dick,  Adam,  Solomon,  Reuben,  Eve,  Pallas,  Gate,  Nan, 
Dice,  Jenny,  Christian,  Rose,  Hannah,  vSimon,  Pleasant,  Sarah, 
Evans,  Flemming,  Avy,  Eve,  Ester,  Grace,  Jerry,  Isbell,  Jack, 


t»S 


,iij«(,   ,n>»itfi  .vl    ,f»v.A    ,\^«i    ,^iiiuUitii'*i    .cUUj 


370  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Michael,  Jack,  Nan,  Ned,  Will,  Grace,  and  Stephee,  and  their 
future  increase,  all  of  which  I  give  to  my  said  son  George,  and 
his  heirs  forever,  upon  this  express  condition,  that  he  pay  unto 
my  said  son  Walker  the  sum  of  two  hundied  and  fifty  pounds 
when  the  said  Walker  arrives  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  or 
marries,  and  then  deliver  him  for  his  own  use  three  good  young 
Virginia  bom  tithable  slaves  and  twelve  head  of  black  cattle, 
subject  to  the  charges  here-in-after  laid  upon  my  said  son 
George,  but  if  my  said  son  George  shall  die  before  he  arrives  at 
the  age  of  twenty-one  or  marries,  the  slaves  and  stock  devised 
to  him  shall  be  equally  divided  between  my  sons  John,  Robert, 
and  Walker,  or  the  sur\'ivors  of  them  in  case  either  of  them 
should  be  dead  without  leaving  issue,  subject  nevertheless  to 
the  charges  aforesaid. 

Item— I  give  my  old  house  tract  of  land  to  my  son  Robert 
Baylor,  and  the  heirs  of  his  body,  and  in  default  of  such  heirs 
to  my  son  John,  for  such  estate  and  subject  to  the  like  limita- 
tions and  remainders  as  are  m.entioned  in  the  devise  of  my  Caro- 
line lands  to  him.— I  also  give  to  my  said  son  Robert  Baylor, 
all  the  grain,  stocks  of  black  cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs,^  plows, 
horses,  pots  and  pans,  and  plantation  tools  upon  the  said  land, 
and  his  riding  horse,  a  mare  Lucinda,  and  her  colt  Sally.  Steady, 
Fan,  Rachel,  with  their  future  increase,  together  with  the  fol- 
lo^^ing  slaves,  to-wit:  Hannibal  a  carpenter,  Johnny,  Bob  and 
Sampson,  Sawyer,  Isaac,  Judy,  three  children  Charlotte,  God- 
frey and  Bob,  Ezekiel,  I\lartin,  a  boy,  Anny  Cocker^^'s  daughter 
Judy,  Joe,  Han-y,  Kickey,  Randall,  Moses,  Ezekiel,  Ambrose, 
Larpedor.'jack,  Dick,  George,  Frank,  Molly,  Gate  Cockeney's 
Anthony,  Amy,  Sawney,  George,  Cloe,  Jack,  Charies,  Esther, 
Dinah,  Hannah,  Stephen,  Nancy,  Dill  and  Ephram,  Sarah  and 
Lucy, ' Sally,  Judy,  Betty,  Amy  and  Patty's  Ester,  and  their 
future  increase,  all  which  I  give  to  my  son  Robert  Baylor  and 
his  heirs  upon  this  express  condition,  that  he  pay  unto  my  son 
Walker  when  he  shall  arrive  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  or 
marries,  the  sum  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  and  deliver 
him  three  young  good  Virginia  bom  titheable  slaves  and  eight 
head  of  black  cattle  to  his  own  use,  subject  also  to  the  charges 
here-in-after  laid  on  my  said  son  Robert,  but  if  my  said  son 


OHIT 


.u-ir> 


.iii 


'  Will  of  John  Baylor.      '  "''  371 

Robert  shall  die  before  he  arrives  to  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years,  or  marries,  the  slaves  and  stock  devised  to  my  said  son 
shall  be  equally  divided  between  my  three  sons,  John,  George, 
and  Walker,  or  the  survivors  of  them  in  case  either  of  them  shall 
be  dead  without  leaving  issue,  subject  to,  however,  the  charges 
aforesaid. 

Item — I  give  my  upper  Pole  Cat  tract  of  land  containing  be- 
tween two  and  three  thousand  acres,  and  all  of  my  lots  of  land 
in  the  town  of  Port  Royal,  purchased  of  Oliver  Towles,  to  my 
son  Walker  Baylor  and  the  heirs  of  his  body  forever,  and  in 
default  of  such  heirs  to  my  son  John  for  such  estate  and  subject 
to  like  Hmitations  and  remainders  as  mentioned  in  the  devise 
of  m}''  Caroline  lands  to  my  said  son  John.  I  also  give  to  my 
son  WaUcer  a  negro  named  Hylliard  to  his  own  use. 

Item — I  give  to  my  daughter  Lucy  Armistead  all  my  South 
River  tract  of  land  with  the  land  of  Bohannon  thereto  adjoin- 
ing to  her  and  her  heirs  forever,  also  the  following  slaves,  to-wit: 
Simon,  Davy,  Jeoffrey,  Peach,  Betty  and  her  children  Patty 
and  John  Wilkes,  Milly,  Esther  and  Judy. 

Item — I  give  to  my  daxighter  Fanny  Baylor  her  negro  girl 
Sally  and  future  increase  and  six  himdred  pounds  current 
money  to  be  paid  her  when  she  arrives  to  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years  or  marries,  but  if  she  dies  before  she  becomes  of  age  or 
marries  the  said  money  is  not  to  be  raised,  but  be  sunk  for  the 
benefit  of  my  sons. 

Item — I  give  to  my  daughter  Courtney  Baylor  her  negro  girl 
Phebbe  and  six  hundred  poimds  current  money  to  be  raised  and 
paid  at  the  time  and  upon  the  same  conditions  as  Fanny's. 

Item — I  give  to  my  daughter  Betty  Baylor  her  negro  girl 
Angella  and  six  hundred  pounds  to  be  raised  and  paid  in  manner 
and  upon  the  same  conditions,  my  meaning  that  my  .two  last 
named  daughters'  fortunes  shall  be  payable  when  they  respec- 
tively become  of  age  or  marry,  and  are  severally  to  be  sunk  for 
the  benefit  of  my  sons  in  case  of  their  death  before  the)'  come 
of  age  or  mairy. 

Item — I  give  my  granddaughter  Fanny  Annistead  one  himd- 
red pounds  and  a  negro  Rachel  called  hers. 

Item — I  give  imto  my  grandson  John  Baylor  Armistead  a 


l\Z 


I 

faat 
I 


372  VIRGINIA   HISTOPICAL  MAGAZINE. 

negro  boy  named  Jemy  called  his,  and  a  good  colt  at  the  dis- 
cretion of  my  executors. 

Item — I  do  hereby  direct  that  the  remaining  half  of  my  house- 
hold and  kitchen  furniture,  with  all  my  horses,  mares,  and  colts 
not  before  devised,  be  sold  by  my  executors  and  the  money 
applied  to  the  payment  of  my  debts  and  legacies,  and  my  out- 
standing debts  collected  and  applied  to  the  same  uses. 

Item — My  desire  is  that  my  whole  estate  except  what  is  given 
and  lent  to  my  wife  and  daughter  Lucy,  be  kept  together  and 
the  profit  applied  to  the  common  maintenance  of  my  children 
iinmamed  and  the  payment  of  debts  and  legacies,  until  my 
son  John  arrives  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  and  comes  to 
Virginia  or  sends  to  demand  his  part,  at  which  time  an  account 
mxist  be  stated  of  the  above  sales,  outstanding  debts,  and  pro- 
fits and  what  this  shall  be  deficient  in  paying  my  debts  and 
raising  the  fortunes  devised  to  my  three  youngest  daughters  and 
granddaughter  shall  be  supplied  and  paid  one  moiety  by  my 
son  John  and  the  other  moiety  by  my  sons  George  and  Robert 
equally  between  them,  and  in  the  like  proportion  shall  my  sons 
contribute  hereafter  to  the  education  and  maintenance  of  my 
son  Walker  and  three  daughters  Fanny,  Courtney,  and  Betty 
tmtil  they  respectively  arrive  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  or 
marry,  and  subject  these  charges  as  well  as  the  condition  ex- 
pressed in  each  devise.  My  will  is,  that  the  bequeaths  to  my 
said  sons  John,  George  and  Robert  shall  then  take  place  and 
vest  in  them  respectively.  But  if  my  son  John  shall  die  under 
age  then  such  devision  and  settlement  shall  not  tal<e  place  until 
my  son  George  shall  arrive  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  or 
marries,  and  then  shall  tal<e  place  in  the  manner  aforesaid. 

Item — I  empower  my  executors  out  of  the  profits  of  my  estate, 
if  they  find  it  convenient,  to  purchase  land  and  slaves  for  all 
or  any  of  my  sons,  charging  same  to  such  sons  to  be  settled  in 
the  account  on  equal  distribution  of  profits. 

Item — My  earnest  desire  is  that  in  any  division  to  be  made  of 
my  slaves,  particular  care  be  taken  to  avoid  a  separation  of 
families  of  slaves  as  much  as  possible. 

Item — All  the  rest  and  remainder  of  my  estate  and  interest 
therein  not  fully  disposed  of  I  give  to  my  son  John  and  his  heirs 
forever.    .  ■  ■      ■  ,v  , 


;>jiiv 


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i>:        .►':i'':ii;   ;ti: 


)    v:.; 


■  •  '  ^  Will  of  John  Baylor.  373 

Lastly:  I  constitute  and  desire  my  son  John  Baylor,  my  son- 
in-law  Mr.  John  Armistead  and  my  friends  Gregory  Baylor, 
Nathaniel  BunvcU,  Edmund  Pendleton,  Anthony  Thornton, 
Erasmus  Taylor,  James  Madison,  James  Taylor,  Jr.  and  John 
Semple,  Gentlemen,  to  be  my  executors  of  this  my  last  will  and 
testament,  and  the  five  first  named  to  be  guardians  of  my 
children  during  their  minority. 

In  witness  whereof  I  have  signed  my  name  to  the  first  sheet 
of  this,  my  will,  and  to  this  last  have  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this 
19th  day  of  February,  1770. 

Signed  and  published  by  the  testator.  , 

SEAL  J.  Baylor. 

The  words  "and  daughter  Lucy"  in  this  sheet  first  interlined 
in  presence  of  us  who  subscribed  the  same  in  his  presence. 
'Maury  Dudley.  John  Fitzhugh. 

Henry  Turner.  Christ.  Blackburn. 

'  At  a  court  held  for  Caroline  County  the  IGth  day  of  May, 
1773,  this  will  was  proved  by  the  oath  of  Maury  Dudley  and 
Christopher  Blackburn  and  admitted  to  record  on  the  motion  of 
Nathaniel  Bunvell  and  John  Armistead,  Gentlemen,  who  having 
taken  the  oath  prescribed  by  law,  certificates  for  obtaining  a 
probate  thereof  is  granted  them. 

Bond  acknowledged  and  ordered  to  be  recorded. 

Teste — 

William  Nelson,  Clerk. 

Recopy  Teste —  -       ' 

John  Pendleton— D.  CO. 
We  are  indebted  to  Dr.  T.  V.  Brooke,  Sutherlin,  Va.,  for  the  copy  of 
this  wilh  Col.  John  Baylor  was  bom  May  12,  1705  at  Walkerton,  King 
and  Queen  Co.  and  was  educated  at  Putney  Grammar  School  and  Caius 
College,  Cambridge.  He  was  County  Lieutenant  of  Orange  County 
(where  he  owned  a  great  landed  estate),  and  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Burgesses  for  Caroline  1742-1765,  inclusive.  He  was  greatly  interested 
in  thoroughbred  horses,  and  imported  many  from  England,  including; 
Sober  John,  and  Feamaught.  At  his  death  nearly  a  hundred  "blooded" 
horses  were  sold  by  his  executors.  He  died  April  6,  1772,  leaving  a  very 
large,  but  greatly  involved  estate.  He  married  Jan.  2,  1744,  Frances 
daughter  of  Jacob  Walker  of  Va.,  and  had  issue:  1.  Courtney,  educated 
like  her  sisters,  at  Croydon,  Kent.,  married  Jasper  Clayton,  of  Gloucester 

Co.,  Va.;  2.  Lucy  married  John  Armistead;  3.  Frances,  married  • 

Nicholson;  4.  Elizabeth,  died  luimarricd;  5.  John,  also  educated  at  Putney 
Grammar  School  and  Caius  College,  inherited  his  father's  estate  of 
"Newmarket,"  Caroline  County;  G.  George,  Lt.  Colonel  in  the  Revolu- 
tion; 7.  Walker,  Lieutenant  in  the  Revolution;  8.  Robert. 


J^ 


iUMtu^U>^"i 


374  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  ?' 

ABSTRACT  OF  CHANCERY  SUIT*(1),  PRESIDENT  AND 

MASTERS  OF  THE  COLLEGE  OF  WILLUM 

AND  MARY  i;.  FREWEN. 


Contributed  by  Leo  Culleton,  92  Piccadilly,  London,  Eng. 

Chanc.  Proc.  Reynardson  No.  169-6. 

14  Nov.  1702.    To  the  Right  Hon'ble  Sr.  Nathan  Wright, 
Knight,  Lord  Keeper  of  the  great  Seale  of  England. 

Humbly  Complaineing  sheweth  unto  yo'  Lordshipp  yo' 
orato^  S'  Edward  Northey  Kn*  her  Majestyes  Attorney  generall 
att  the  relacon  of  the  President  and  Masters  of  the  Colledge  of 
William  and  Mary  in  Virginia,  and  the  Mayor  Comonalty  and 
Citizens  of  London. 

That  in  p'suance  of  severall  Orders  and  Decrees  made  in  a 
Cause  formerly  depending  in  this  Hon'ble  Court  wherein  S' 
Thomas  Trevor,  Kn*  his  late  Maj'tys  Attorney  gen'all,  Dame 
Elizabeth  Gerrard,  widdow  and  Thomas  Owen  Esq'  were 
plaintiffs,  ag*  y^  R*  Hon'ble  Rich'*,  late  Earle  of  Burlington,  S^ 
Henry  Ashurst  Kn^  and  Barr*.  and  John  Warr,  gent.  Exec"  of 

(1)  Hon.  Robert  Boyle  (Tan.  26, 1626-1691)  a  younger  son  of  Richard, 
first  Earl  of  Cork,  was  noted  for  his  scientific  attainments  Ihe 
nature  of  his  bequest  is  seen  from  the  bill  of  the  President  and  Mas- 
ters of  Wm.  &  Mary.  The  suit  was  a  friendly  one  to  authorize  the  sa  e 
of  the  mansion  house  of  Brafl-crton  Hall,  which  would  be  an  unprofitable 
burden  on  the  trust.  It  will  also  be  seen  that  the  fund  was  not  charged 
with  the  payment  of  £90  to  Harvard,  as  has  been  stated;  but  only  tor 
■  £45  which  was  to  be  expended  by  that  college  in  the  payment  of  ministers 
salaries.  The  portrait  of  Rcbt.  Boyle  is  in  the  'brary  of  W  m.  &  Mary 
Colleee  He  was  friendly  to  Wm.  Byrd  (2d)  when  the  latter 
was  a  yoimg  man  in  England  and  quite  intimate^ relations  continued  be- 
tween Eyrd  and  members  of  the  Boyle  family.  I"  T^^e  Orrery  Paper, 
are  a  number  of  letters  from  Byrd  to  Charles  4th  Earl  ot  Olney  now 
chiefly  rcm.embered  by  Macauley's  account  of  his  contest  with  Bentley), 
and  to  his  sen  Hon.  John  Boyle,  afterwards  5th  Ear  .  It  is  a  curious 
editorial  slip  where  the  editor  of  the  "Orrery  Papers  states  in  his  pre- 
face, that  Earl  Charles  died  in  1737,  which  the  letters  prove  that  he  died 
in  1731. 


-T-N-ril'^V  ..T    -Cr"^    OIT-VIO 


•'^'  Abstract  of  Chancery  Suit.         -•  375 

y  Hon'ble  Rob^  Boyle  Esq'.  deC*,  deftes.  y*  said  defts  were 
Decreed  to  lay  out  for  the  purchase  of  the  MannC"  <>f  Brafferton 
ill  the  County  of  York  the  sume  of  Five  thousand  four  hundred 
pounds  (out  of  y"  p  sonall  estate  of  the  said  Robert  Boyle)  v/'='' 
when  purchased  was  to  be  conveyed  to  the  May"^  Comonalty 
and  Cittizens  of  London  (subject  to  a  rent  charge  of  ninety 
pounds  a  ycare  clear  of  taxes  for  ever  issueing  thereout  to  the 
Company  for  p'pogateing  the  Gospell  in  New  England  and  the 
parts  adjacent  in  America  one  Moyety  whereof  Viz*  forty  five 
pounds  a  yeare  y*  said  Company  was  yearely  to  remitt  for  the 
Sallary  of  two  preaching  Ministers  to  instruct  the  Natives  in  or 
near  y^  Colonyes  of  his  late  Maj'^y"  and  Successors  in  New 
England  in  y'  Christian  Religion  and  the  other  Moyety  of  y' 
said  Ninety  pounds  a  yeare  y^  said  Company  and  their  Suc- 
cessors were  yearly  to  transmitt  to  the  President  and  Fellowes 
of  Har\^ard  Colledge  in  Cambridge  in  New  England  to  be  by 
them  employed  and  bestowed  for  the  Sallary  of  two  other 
preaching  Ministers  to  teach  y**  said  Natives  in  or  neare  y*  said 
CoUonyes  in  the  Christian  Religion  upon  trust  that  the  yearly 
rents  issues  and  p'fitts  thereof  (after  the  said  ninety  poimds  a 
yeare  should  be  deducted)  should  be  transmitted  to  the  said 
P'^sident  and  Ma's  of  the  Colledge  of  William  and  Mary  in 
Virginia  and  their  Successors  in  trust  in  the  first  place  to  expend 
so  much  as  should  be  necessary  towards  fitting  and  furnishing 
lodgings  and  Rooms  for  such  Indian  Children  as  should  be 
brought  into  y°  said  Colledge  and  afterwards  to  keep  soe  many 
Iridian  Children  in  sicknesse  and  health  in  meat  drink  washing 
and  lodging  Cloaths  Medicines  books  and  Educacon  from  y* 
first  beginning  of  letters  till  they  should  be  ready  to  receave 
Ord's  at  ye  rate  of  fourteen  pounds  a  yeare  for  every  child 

as  y"  yearly  p'fitts  of  y^  said  Manno*"  would  amoimt  to 

And  yo'  Oraf  further  sheweth  that  in  p'suance  of  y®  s'*  Orders, 
y*-*  purchase  of  the  said  Manno'  was  made,  y"  said  rent  charge 
of  ninety  pound  a  yeare  was  granted  thereout  to  y^  said  Com- 
I'any  for  p'pogating  y*  Gospell  in  New  England  in  America  in 

trust  for  y«  purposes  aforesaid Yo'  Oraf  further  sheweth 

y'  y*  said  Manno'  of  Braficrton  consisting  of  a  Capitall  Mess- 
uage called   Brafi:erton   Hall   and   severall   Farmes   belonging 


dVS 


376  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

thereto  all  of  ab''  y''  yearly  vallue  of  two  hundred  and  seaventy 
pounds  and  by  y°  Acco**  yearly  transmitted  to  y^  said  p'sident 
and  Ma''s  of  y^  said  Colledge  in  Virginia  by  their  Agent  here  in 
London  of  y**  rents  &  p'fitts  of  y^  said  Manno^  there  has  been 
alwayes  a  demand  for  five  or  six  pounds  a  yeare  for  expences 
and  charges  for  repayers  laid  out  on  y*  said  Messuage  and  with- 
out any  p'fitt  or  advantage  for  y°  same  and  y^  said  President 
and  Ma's  of  y^  said  Colledge  in  Virginia  upon  inquiry  found  that 
y^  same  would  be  alwayes  a  charge  to  y^  Charity  and  without 
any  prospect  of  profitt  they  did  propose  to  sell  y"  same  and 
accordingly  did  by  their  Agent  in  England  treat  with  one  Laton 
Frewen  of  y"  Citty  of  York,  gent,  for  y  sale  of  the  said  Messuage 

or  Manno""  house  called  BralTerton  Hall and  at  length  y^ 

said  President  and  Ma's  of  y"  said  Colledge  at  Virginia  by  the 
Agent  did  come  to  a  full  agreem'  with  y^  said  Laton  Frewen  for 
the  sale  thereof  and  for  which  he  was  to  pay  two  hundred  and 
seaventy  pounds  which  said  sume  was  agreed  to  be  laid  out  in 
the  purchase  of  Lands  as  near  y°  Manno'  as  can  be  had  and 

settled  to  y*'  same  uses  and  subjected  to  y®  same  trusts 

whereby  y"^  said  Charity  would  be  improved  as  much  as  such 
purchase  shall  amount  to  and  an  yearly  expence  saved  besides 
wliich  was  apprehended  would  be  rather  an  Inducement  then 
otherwise  for  y**  said  Laton  Frewen  to  go  on  with  the  purchase. 
Butt  now  the  said  Laton  Frewen  "flyes  of"  from  his  said  Agreem^ 
and  refuses  to  go  on  with  the  said  purchase  pretending  that  he 
caimot  with  safety  purchase  y*^  same  it  being  settled  as  aforesaid 
for  a  charitable  use,  which  objeccon  is  not  sufficient  to  acquitt 
him  of  the  said  purchase  for  y'  though  y*  said  Capitall  Messuage 
agreed  to  be  sold  be  settled  as  aforesaid  for  a  Charitable  intent, 
yet  if  it  shall  be  found  that  by  y^  sale  thereof  that  the  charitye 
will  be  improved  thereby  Yo'  Oraf  questions  not  but  tliis 
Court  will  Decree  the  said  Laton  Frewen  to  go  on  with  the 

purchase  And  to  that  end  yo'  Oraf  prayes  that  the  said 

Laton  Frewen  may  be  compelled  to  execute  his  said  Agreement 

by  payment  of  the  purchase  money May  it  therefore 

please  yo'  Lordshipp  to  grant  unto  yo'  Oraf  his  Majestyes 
mojt  gratious  Writt  of  sup'na  to  be  directed  to  the  said  Laton 
Frewen.  comanding  at  a  ccrtaine  day  and  under  a  certaine 


■J(l  Oj 


Abstract  of  Chancery  Suit.  S77 

paine  therein  to  be  limitted  to  be  and  appeare  before  yo'  Lord- 
shipp  in  her  Majestyes  most  high  &  Hon'ble  Court  of  Chancery 
and  then  and  there  to  Answ'  to  all  and  singular  the  premisses. 
And  yo' Orat' shall  ever  pray  &c.  .    ;    • 

Edw  Northey. 

Ric  Turner. 


The  Answer  of  Laton  Frewen,  gent.,  deft  to  the  Bill  of  Com- 
plaint or  Infomiacon  of  S""  Edward  Northey,  Knt.  her  Maj'tyes 
Attorney  Generall  at  the  Relacon  of  the  President  and  Masters 
of  the  Colledge  of  William  and  Mary  in  Virginia  and  others 
Complainants. 

The  said  Defend*  Reserving  to  himself e  now  and  att  all  times 
hereafter  all  manner  of  benefitt  and  advantage  of  Excepcons 
that  can  or  may  be  taken  to  the  many  fold  Errors  incertaintyes 
and  insufficiencyes  in  the  Complain*'  said  Bill  of  Complaint 
contained  for  Answ""  thereunto.  Answereth  that  it  may  be  true 
that  the  Manno'  of  Brafferton  Hall  in  the  County  of  York 
might  be  purchased  and  settled  in  pursuance  of  severall  orders 
and  Decrees  of  this  Court  for  the  Charitable  uses  and  purposes 
in  the  bill  menconed  to  which  for  more  certainty  this  Defend* 
referrs  And  he  hath  been  informed  that  the  Messuage  or  Manno' 
House  aforesaid  hath  been  hitherto  a  charge  to  the  Charity 
And  he  confesseth  that  hearing  that  the  said  President  and 
Masters  of  the  said  Colledge  of  William  and  Mar>^  in  Virginia 
would  sell  the  said  Messuage  did  treat  with  IVI^  Myers  and  M' 
Musgrove  for  the  purchase  thereof  and  did  agree  to  pay  for  the 
same  the  strnie  of  t^vo  hundred  and  scaventy  pounds  v/hich  sume 
was  agreed  to  be  laid  out  in  the  purchase  of  Lands  of  Inheritance 
as  near  Brafferton  as  conveniently  can  be  had  and  settled  to  the 
same  uses  and  trusts  of  trusts  of  the  former  Charitye  which 
this  Defend*  is  ready  to  pay  soe  as  the  same  be  laid  out  as  afore- 
said and  soe  as  this  Honoble  Court  will  Decree  a  good  Con- 
veyance of  the  fee  s>Tnple  of  the  said  Messuage  or  Manno"^ 
House  to  him  this  Defendant  and  his  Heires  freed  and  dis- 
cFiarged  from  the  former  Charityes  "without  that  that  any  other 
matter  or  thing  in  the  Complainants  said  (sic)  Bill  of  Complaint 


7T« 


edi 


878  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  '' '' 

contained  materiall  or  effectuall  in  the  Law  for  him  this  Deft 
(as  he  is  advised)  to  make  Answ'  unto  as  not  herein  and  hereby 
sufficiently  Answ''ed  unto  confessed  and  avoided  or  Denyed 
is  true  to  the  knowledge  of  this  Defend'."  All  which  matters 
and  things  this  Defend'  is  ready  to  Justifye  and  mainteyne. 
And  therefore  prayes  to  be  dismissed  with  his  reasonable  Costs 
and  charges. 

Tho.  Pengelly. 

Mills. 


:.;.     'A 


iiA 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND  S79 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


(Contributed  by  Leo  Culleton,  92  Piccadilly,  London,  W,  and 
the  late  Lothrop  Witliington.) 
■  •  (Continued) 


John   Benskyn,    Citizen   and   Vintener  of   London. 

Dated  15  Nov.  1617  Proved  28  Nov.  1617. 

My  bodie  to  be  btuied  within  the  parish  Church  of  St.  Magnus 
the  martir,  London  whereof  I  am  a  parishioner.  To  the  poore 
of  the  said  parish  of  St  Magnus  the  martir,  neere  London  Bridge, 
Forty  shillings.  To  my  Brother  Thomas  Benskyn  of  Sallowe 
in  the  Countie  of  Nott,  yeoman,  Tenne  poundes.  To  my 
Brother  Raph  Benskyn,  F}^teene  pounds.  To  my  sister 
Margaret  Pick,  wief  of  William  Pick  of  great  Dawlby  in  the 
Coimty  of  Leic,  husbondman,  Fyve  pounds.  To  her  daughter 
Hanna,  Forty  shillings.  To  my  sister  Sara  Wyatt,  wief  of 
Thomas  Wyatt  of  Thrummiston  [?  Thurmaston]  in  the  said 
County  of  Leic,  husbondman,  Tenne  poundes.  And  to  her 
three  Children  Forty  shillings  a  pecce.  To  every  one  of  the 
Eight  Children  of  my  said  Brother  Thom.as  Benskyn,  Forty 
shillings  a  peece.  To  my  sister  Martha  Hoden,  wief  of  Robert 
Hodcn,  Citizen  and  Dyer  of  London,  Tenne  poundes.  To  my 
Father  in  lawe,  Nicholas  Oesley,  Fyve  pounds.  To  my  sister 
in  lawe,  Ellen  Oesley,  Tenne  pounds.  To  Judith  Smyth, 
Widdowe,  whoe  nurseth  my  Child,  Twenty  shillings.  To  my 
Cosen  Sibbell  Pye,  wyfe  of  Henry  Pye,  Fortie  shillings.  To 
my  freinds  Mr  Richard  Sleigh,  Citizen  and  Vintner  of  London, 
to  Mr  Frances  Benbowc,  to  my  Aunt  Menick,  to  my  Cosen 
Anne  Poole  and  unto  her  mother  Mary  Overton,  Forty  shillings 


.■IIO«IV 


Ivui  .V/  ,rt  bokwJhiitoO) 


■MD;M    -:  ;   ,ii;:>}M 


^j  ru  .  1"  to  iU;\i^  a/jnioxir 

■  -  -  ') 


y^joU 


1  V)il  oil'', 'J  I 


380  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

a  peece  to  make  them  Ringes.  To  my  scn'^ants,  Edward  John- 
son, John  Mills  and  Alice  Tewks,  Fortie  shillings  a  peece.  To 
my  Child  Frances  [Francis?!  Benskyn,  the  sume  of  two  hundred 
and  Fiftie  pounds.  And  unto  the  Child  wherewith  my  wife 
nowe  goeth,  the  like  sume  of  two  hundred  and  Fifty  poimdes. 
And  if  my  said  wife  shall  nowe  goe  with  more  than  one  Child 
then  the  same  twoe  porcons  of  two  hundred  and  Fifty  poundes 
shalbe  and  remayne  equally  amongst  my  said  Children.  And 
the  said  legacies  to  be  paide  unto  them  at  the  age  or  ages  of  one 
and  twentie  yeares  of  my  sonne  or  sonnes,  and  at  the  age  or 
ages  of  one  and  Twentie  yeares  or  Dayes  of  marriages,  first 
happening,  of  my  Daughter  or  Daughters.  And  whereas  I  am 
seised  of  certen  lands  and  hereditamts  in  Suyston  als  Seston 
als  Sytheston,  in  the  Countie  of  Leic.  my  will  is  that  my  Execu- 
trix and  Overseers  hereafter  named  shall  make  sale  thereof  to 
the  most  benefytt  they  can,  For  and  towardes  the  paionent  of 
such  Debts  and  simimes  of  money  as  I  owe. 

Residuaiy  Legatee  and  Sole  Executrix,  my  wife,  Katherin 
Benskyn.  Overseers:  my  Unckle  Sr  Jno  Merricke  of  London, 
Knight,  and  Jno  Poole,  Citizen  and  Ivlercer  of  London. 

James  Goodyer,  Scr.,  John  Bludworth  and  Christopher  Fanell, 
(servt  to  the  said  James  Goodyer,  Scr.)  Witnesses. 

Proved  28  Nov.  1617  by  Catherine  Benskyn,  the  relict  and 

Sole  Executrix  named. 

P.  C.  C.  102  Weldon. 

(The  wills  of  Francis  Benskin,  Esq.  of  St.  Martins  in  the  Fields,  proved 
Jan.  2.  1691,  and  of  his  son  Henry  Benskin,  "lately  arrived  in  England 
from  the  plantation  of  Virginia."  proved  Oct.  19,  1692,  are  in  Waters' 
Gleanings.  The  latter  had  two  daughters,  Mary  wife  of  William  Har- 
man  of  New  Kent  Co.  and  Frances  wife  of  William  Marston  of  James  City 
County.  Benskin  appeared  later  as  a  Christian  name  among  the  Mar- 
stons  and  their  descendants.  It  is  possible  that  John  Benskin,  the  testa- 
tor above  was  father  of  Francis  Benskin.] 


Hbnry  Bushrode  of  Craford  in  the  Countie  of  Dorset,  yeoman. 

Dated  10  Sept.   1612.  Proved  12  July  1614. 

To  be  buried  in  the  Churchyarde  of  this  same  parish.     To  the 
Churche  of  the  same  parish,  sixe  shillings  eight  pence.     To  the 


bot 


Jl' 


.£l8i 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  881 

poore  of  the  same  parish,  Five  poundes.  To  the  poore  of  little 
Craford,  Twentie  shillings.  To  the  poore  of  Kcniston,  Twentie 
shillings.  To  Henry  Bnishrode,  the  sonne  of  Robert  Bushrode 
of  Shirebome  late  deceased,  Thirtie  poundes,  to  be  paid  him 
at  the  age  of  one  and  Twentie  Yeares.  To  his  other  two  sonnes, 
Twentie  pounds,  a  pecce,  to  be  paid  at  the  age  of  one  and  twentie 
yeares.  To  the  youngest  of  my  brother  John  Bushrods  daugh- 
ters, of  Tawnton,  late  deceased,  Twentie  poundes.  To  Mary 
Bushrode,  my  kinswoman.  Ten  poundes.  To  my  Cosen 
William  Bushrode,  Tenne  poundes.  To  the  Children  of  Robert 
Rapsham  of  Shirebome,  Fortie  shillings  a  peece.  To  Henry 
Roberts,  Fortie  shillings.  To  George  Schovell,  the  sonne  of 
George  Schovell,  six  poundes,  and  two  heyfers  which  are  nowe 
at  pasture  with  William  Hughes.  To  the  Children  of  Jolin 
Bushrode,  late  of  Shirebome,  Five  poundes  a  peece,  to  be  paid 
at  the  age  of  twentie  and  one  yeares.  Residuary  Legatee  and 
Sole  Executor.  Richard  Bushrode*  of  Dorchester. 
Thomas  Frampton  and  George  Batt,  Witnesses. 

To  my  brother  William  Bushrode,  Five  poundes.     To  my 
godchildren,  two  sheepe  a  peece. 

Proved  12  July  1614.  by  the  Sole  Executor  *named. 

*lNo  relationship  given]. 

n  ^^u  ^?^'  ]^-^^^h  ^^'  ^^'^  magazine,  was  printed  the  will  of  Samuel 
tltl^'f'  ^^  the  County  of  Dorset,  clothier!^  proved  June  1,  1647  who 
seems  to  have  been  brother  of  Richard  and  Thomas  Bushrod  the  erni- 
grants  to  Virgmm.  This  Henry  Bushrod  was  evidently  nearly  relltTd 
to  bamuel.     in  each  will  is  mention  of  members  of  the  Scovell  family.) 


Mr.  Martin  Jefferson  an  Enlish  man  merchant  adven- 
turer living  in  Rotterdam.  Will  1  October  1050;  proved  28 
October  1651.  Appears  before  John  Froost  notary  public 
admitted  by  the  Court  of  Holland  and  left  all  his  property  and 
the  guardianship  of  his  children  to  his  wife  Weyntge  Jefferson 
Witnesses:  William  Ende  Jongh  and  Martine  Alma  my  clerks' 
A.  Sommetradt  Not:  Pub:  1651  &  H.  de  Custer  Not:  Pub:  1651 
swear  that  John  Frost  is  a  notary  and  that  instruments  affcx^ted 
before  him  are  legal  and  attesting  the  translation  appears  Josua 


188 


382  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Mainet  not:  pub:  1651.     Proved  by  Wentgen  Jefferson  the 
relict.    Grey,   188. 

[This  abstract  and  the  one  following  have  been  printed  to  preserve 
possible  clues  for  tracing  the  Jefferson  family.  The  John  Jefferson, 
whose  will  follows,  may  have  been  the  one  who  was  a  member  of  the  Va. 
House  of  Burgesses  in  1619., 


John  Jefferson  the  elder  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter  ad  Vin- 
cula  within  the  Tower  of  London,  citizen  and  bow>'er  of  London. 
Will  26  December  1645;  proved  30  October  16-47.     I  give  to  my 
son  John  Jeflerson  my  livery  gown  and  all  my  wearing  apparel 
whatsoever,  and  all  my  bows,  bowstaves,  working  tools,  and 
other  implements  of  archery,  together  with  my  seal  ring.     To 
Ivlary  Jefferson,  my  said  son's  daughter,  my  Cyprus  desk.     To 
my  daughter  Elizabeth  Tyrer  my  ring  set  with  a  blue  stone  and 
other  stones.     To  my  daughter  Dorothy  Watkins  my  gold 
ring  that  was  my  Wife's  wedding  ring.     All  other  my  rings  I 
give  to  my  son  Nathaniell  Jeflerson.     To  each  of  my  aforesaid 
four  children,  a  silver  spoon  apiece.     I  will  that  all  my  beds, 
bedding,  and  household  stuff  shall  be  duly  and  justly  appraised, 
and  indifferently  shared  into  four  equal  parts,  one  part  whereof 
I  give  to  my  said  son  John,  one  other  part  equally  amongst  my 
grandchildren,  children  of  my  said  son  Nathaniel,  one  other 
part  amongst  the  children  of  my  daughter  Elizabeth,  and  the 
other  amongst  the  children  of  my  daughter  Dorothy.     The 
parts  given  to  all  the  children  shall  remain  in  the  custody  of  my 
son  Nathaniel,  and  shalbe  by  him  kept  or  sold  to  the  best  profit 
he  can  for  the  benefit  of  the  said  children  at  their  respective 
ages  of  21  or  marriage.    All  the  rest  of  my  goods  I  give  amongst 
all  my  said  grandchildren,  viz.,  the  children  of  my  said  two  sons 
and  two  daughters,  to  be  divided  amongst  them  at  their  ages 
of  21  or  marriage.     I  appoint  my  son  Nathaniel  Jefferson  to  be 
my  full  executor,     (signed)  Jolm  Jefferson.     Witnesses:  Joseph 
Alfort  scr.,  Johes  Aurelius,  not.  pub.,  Oliver  Obery,  servant  to 
the  said  scrivener.     Proved  by  the  executor  named.     Fines. 


.annr 

5(& 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  383 

Elizabeth  Braxton  of  the  parish  of  St.  Gregory,  London, 
widow.  Will  8  April  1652;  proved  30  April  1653.  I  give  to 
my  cousin  Elizabeth  Wilson,  and  to  her  brothers  John  Watson 
and  William  Watson,  and  to  my  cousins  Elizabeth  and  John 
Watson,  son  and  daughter  of  John  Watson  deceased,  12d.  each. 
To  Margaret  Guy  10s.  to  make  her  a  ring.  To  Mr.  Thomas 
Bruise,  junior,  a  little  gold  purse  and  an  enammelled  ring  with  a 
death's  head  on  it.  To  my  maidser\'ant  Chiistian  Lucas  my 
best  wearing  apparel,  and  to  my  maidservant  Sara  Underwood 
my  ordinary  wearing  apparel.  To  my  sister  Joanne  Dawson, 
my  wedding  ring.  To  John  Dawson  and  Ellen,  son  and  daugh- 
ter of  William  and  Joane  Dawson,  my  two  gilt  bowls.  I  make 
my  brother  William  Dawson,  cook,  my  sole  executor;  and  if 
any  of  my  kindred  (by  me  not  now  remembered)  shall  happen 
to  disturb  my  executor  in  the  performance  of  this  my  will,  I 
give  to  each  of  them  that  shall  come  in  12d,  which  legacies  I 
give  not  unto  them  to  cut  them  off  from  what  is  their  due,  but 
to  ascertain  my  executor  (as  in  all  conscience  I  am  boimd)  that 
he  shall  not  be  endangered  by  any  engagements  that  be  upon 
him  concerning  vne,  and  to  enable  him  the  better  to  pay  my 
debts,  he  being  very  well  known  to,  and  better  respected  amongst 
my  creditors  than  any  other  friend  that  at  this  time  I  could 
make  use  of .  (Signed)  Elizabeth  Braxton.  Witnesses:  Rich- 
ard Hodgekinson,  Robt.  Gebbins.  Proved  by  the  executor 
named.    Brent,  298. 

(As  the  name  Braxton,  or  Brexton  (the  same  name)  appears  so  rarely 
in  English  rerords,  and  as  absolutely  nothing  is  known  of  the  English 
ancestry  of  the  Virginia  family,  it  has  been  thought  worth  while  to  pre- 
serve these  two  wills  as  possible  aids  to  investigation.] 


William  Brexton  of  St.  Martin  in  the  Fields,  county  Middle- 
sex, gent.  Will  1  August  1634;  proved  28  August  1634.  Body 
to  Church  of  Holy  Trinity  in  Winton.  To  repair  of  said  church 
£10.  To  my  brother  Richard  Brexton  £1000  remaining  in  the 
custody  of  Sir  Richard  Titchboume  Baronett  as  by  Bond  in  my 
Custody.  Said  £1000  to  remain  in  the  hands  of  said  Sir  Rich- 
ard for  three  years  after  my  death  and  in  the  meantime  if  mine 
executor  be  so  minded  to  renew  the  same  but  not  to  call  it  in. 


888 


Yin 


^{^a 


.g<: 


I  •    .     I  ,;  I' 


384  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

In  token  of  my  love  to  Sir  Richard  and  for  many  curtesies  I 
have  received  I  give  to  him  £30.  To  my  Lord  Weston  £30 
humbly  desiring  him  to  accept  the  same.  To  my  father  and 
mother  and  the  longest  liver  of  them  the  lease  of  a  house  in  the 
city  of  Wiston  which  I  bought  of  Mrs  Savage  together  with  the 
wine  licence  which  I  took  from  Mr.  Diggens  of  the  wine  office. 
To  my  said  brother  Richard  Brexton  the  sums  of  money  which 
may  accrue  upon  a  Privy  Seale  made  by  assignment  of  Mr. 
Melvill  with  Captain  Milwoode  and  Mr.  Bedingfield  of  Gray's 
Inn.  To  my  said  brother  the  residue  of  the  term  of  said  howse 
as  shall  be  unexpired  after  the  death  of  said  father  and  mother. 
To  my  sister  Ellen  Zouche  a  diamond  ring  of  about  £20.  To 
my  three  brothers  Thomas,  Cornelius  and  Francis  £40  apiece 
I  release  my  cousin  Mr.  Thomas  Travers  of  £13  and  all  arrears. 
My  said  brother  Richard  sole  executor.  Mr.  Edward  Bettes 
and  Mr.  William  Longland  the  elder  Overseers.  To  each  of 
them  6s.  8d.  Witnesses:  Tho.  Travers,  Hen.  Crosse,  Thos. 
Stockton.     Seager,  78. 


William  Corderoy  of  Chuet  county  Wilts  esqre.  Will  15 
June  1621;  proved  4  November  1023.  Body  to  my  Chappell 
in  Chuet  church.  To  Lady  Church  of  Sarum  40s.  To  poor 
of  Chuet  40s.  and  10s.  to  church.  To  my  daughter  Annah 
£400.  To  my  daughter  Ellenor  £400.  ^My  brother  Edward 
Godderde  esq  my  cosen  William  Sotwell  esq  and  my  cosen 
William  Stanton  esq  to  raise  money  for  12  years  on  my  land, 
and  pay  to  my  son  William  Corderoy  £50  yearly.  To  my  said 
son  all  my  lands  in  Chuet  Conholt,  Langley  Mowse,  Upham 
and  Wilton  for  ever.  In  default  then  to  my  son  Edward  and 
for  default  to  my  son  John.  My  son  William  sole  executor. 
To  my  wife  and  her  maid  beds  bedding  etc.  and  their  diet.  To 
my  three  daughters  £20  yearly,  i.  e.  £6.  13s.  4d.  apeece.  Wit- 
nesses: Wm.  Corderoy,  Andrew  Kingsmill,  Jasper  Mompesson, 
Edwd  Flower.  Memorandum.  The  legacy  of  £400  (there  is 
no  mention  of  it  in  body  of  Will)  given  by  testator  to  said 
Bridget  Corderoy  was  stricken  out  by  testator  in  presence  of 
witnesses  6th  January  1622,  Wm.  Stanton,  Ann  Arnold,  Kinges- 
mill  Long,  Constance  Browne.     Swann,  109. 


.^yi  i.^ 


I'H! 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  385 

[Chester's  Marriage  Licenses  shows  thai  "Richard  Bernard,  of  Petsoe, 
Bucks,  widower,  aged  20,"  was  granted  a  license,  Nov.  24,  1634,  to  marry 

"Anne  Cordcroy,  aged   2G,  daughter  of  Corderoy  Esq.,"  at  St. 

Andrews-in-the  Wardrobe,  London.  The}'  came  afterwards  to  Va.,  and 
in  a  grant  of  land  to  Mrs.  Anna  Bernard  July  2,  1G52,  appear  the  names  of  '  ^"' 
Ellinor, /William  and  Edward  Corderoy,  lieadrights.  From  the  names 
in  the  will  and  the  headrights  it  looks  very  much  as  if  this  William  Cor- 
deroy was  the  father  of  Mrs.  Bernard.  There  are  other  things  which 
seem  to  prove  that  this  was  indeed  the  fact.  Among  the  other  head-  j  ,,,, 
rights  to  the  Bernard  grant,  which  has  been  referred  to,  were  William, 
Francis  and  Elizabeth  Ironmonger  (or  Iremonger).  In  the  Salisbury 
mari-iage  licenses,  now  in  course  of  publication  in  the  (English)  Gen- 
ealogist, it  appears  that  on  July  23,  1028  a  license  was  issued  for  the 
marriage  of  Samuel  Iremonger  of  Bennington  (Donnington?),  Berks., 
gent.,  aged  21,  and  Bridget  Corderoy  of  Chute,  Wilts.,  aged  24.  We  have 
therefore  the  three  daughters  of  William  Corderoy,  the  testator,  ac- 
counted for.  Anna,  who  married  Richard  Bernard,  Elinor,  who  came 
with  her  sister  to  Virginia,  and  Bridget,  who  married  Samuel  Iremonger. 
Evidently  Mrs.  Iremonger's  children  came  with  their  aunt  to  Virginia. 
There  were  also  others  not  included  among  these  headrights.  In  this 
Magazine  XI,  75,  76,  are  the  administrations  granted  1681  to  Elizabeth  v 

(Iremonger)  wife  of  Anthony  Evenden,  on  the  estates  of  her  sisters  <  -i 
Martha  (Iremonger)  wife  of  John  Jones,  and  Ann  (Iremonger)  Rumney,  •...,. 
and  her  brother  Corderoy  Ironmonger,  all  of  whom  had  died  intestate  in  /■  :  ,. 
Virginia.] 

From  a  pedigree  printed  in  The  Genealogist,  XII,  22,  and  in  the  Visita- 
tion of  Wiltshire,  1023,  edited  by  Marshall,  the  following  genealogy  of  the 
family  of  Cordray  or  Corderoy  of  Chute,  Wiltshire,  has  been  compiled.    Wvl 

"Arms:  Sable,  a  chevron  or  between  two  mullets  of  the  second  in  chief 
and  a  lion  passant  ducally  crowned  of  the  second  in  base  within  a  bordure 
of  the  third." 

Thomas  Cordray  of  Chute,  Co.  Wilts.,  gent.,  married  Jane,  daughter 

of Gray  in  Co.  Somerset,  and  by  her  had  issue:  1.  Thomas^,  son 

and  heir;  2.  Richard;  3.  Maude,  married  Lucas  Linton,  of  Alsford,  Co. 
Hants. 

Thomas^  Cordray  of  Chute,  marr.  Jane,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Roger 
Sennore  of  Andover,  Co.  Southampton  (Seamor,  according  to  the  Visita- 
tion of  1023)  and  had  issue:  1.  Thomas^,  son  and  heir;  2.  Alys,  married 
first  Thomas  Bartholomew,  of  Salisbury,  second  Robert  Elliott,  of  the 
same  place;  3.  Katherin,  married  William  Poton  of  Colbarwick. 

Thomas^  Cordr.\y  of  Chute,  gent.,  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Coxwell,  of ,  Co.  Berks  (Thomas  Morris,  of  Coxwell,  in  the  Visita- 
tion) and  had  issue:  1.  Edv/ard'*,  son  and  heir  married  a  sister  of  James 
Merum,  and  d.  s.  p.;  2.  William^;  3.  John;  4.  Thomas;  5.  Robert;  6.  Rich- 
ard; 7.  James;  8.  Jeromy;  9.  Elizabeth;  10.  Jane;  11.  Alys;  12.  Mary;  13. 
Jane. 

William*  Cordray,  Esq.,  of  Chute,  brother  and  heir  of  Edward*,  mar- 
ried Bridget,  daughter  of  Edward  Goddard,  of  Woodhay,  in  Co.  South- 
ampton. Issue:  1.  William,  Esq.,  son  and  heir,  aged  22,  in  1623;  2.  Ed- 
ward aged  20;  3.  John  aged  10;  4.  Bridget,  aged  21;  5.  Anna,  aged  15;  G. 
Ellinor,  aged  11.] 


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386  ,  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

John  Culpeper  of  Greenway  Courte,  county  Kent,  Esquire. 
Will  14  December  1635;  proved  3  January  1635-6.  To  be 
buried  in  chancel  of  Hollingbounie  Church  where  Sir  Thomas 
Culpeper  shall  thinlc  fit  or  most  convenient  and  in  such  manner 
as  my  son  Thomas  Culpei^cr  shall  think  fit.  To  Anne  Culpeper 
my  wife  all  debts  owing  to  her  as  administratrix  to  her  late 
husband,  except  debt  owing  by  the  Lord  and  Lady  Lambert 
which  I  give  to  my  son  Thomas  Culpeper.  To  son  John  annuity 
for  life  of  £30  payable  by  Sir  John  Culpeper.  To  daughter 
Sicely  Culpeper  £300.  To  James  Medlicott  my  son  in  law  and 
Frances  Medlicote  my  daughter  20s.  eacji.  Kesiduary  Legatee 
and  Executor:  son  Thomas.  Witnesses:  Tho.  Culpeper,  Alex- 
ander Culpeper,  John  Culpeper,  Willm  Cragge.     Pile,  4. 

|The  testator  was  evidently  nearly  related  to  the  Lord  Culpeper.  A 
Francis  Culpeper  of  Greenway  Court,  uncle  to  the  first  Lord,  died  in 
1591,  leaving  a  son  Sir  Thomas  Culpeper  of  Hollingboume.  Lord  Fair- 
fax must  have  had  some  special  cause  for  attachment  to  the  place  for 
he  named  his  home  in  Frederick  Co.,  Va.  after  it.] 


Roger  Fowke  of  Little  Wisley,  county  Stafford  Esq.  Will 
last  June  1627;  proved  6  May  1630.  To  be  buried  in  Norton 
church  or  if  possible  in  Chancel.  To  poor  of  Norton  40s.  To 
eldest  son  Thomas  all  evidences  and  charters  and  court  rolls 
belonging  unto  him  that  concerns  the  lands  in  Brewood  Norton 
little  Wirley  or  Pelsall.  To  my  3  younger  sons  James,  Roger, 
and  Walter  Fowke,  all  my  goods  and  household  stuff  and  make 
them  my  executors.     Scroope,  45. 

[Roger  Fowke,  of  Little  Wisley,  was  a  kinsman  of  the  Fowkes,  of 
Gunston,  and  married,  in  1570,  Joan,  daughter  of  Roger  Fowke  of  Guns- 
ton.  Her  brother  Francis  was  the  great  grandfather  of  Gerrard  Fowke 
of  Va.  and  Md.| 


George  Hope  of  Dodleston,  Chester,  esquire.  Will  4  Jan- 
uary 1653-4;  proved  15  March  1653-4.  I  give  my  body  to  be 
buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Hope.  I  bequeath  to  my  grand- 
child Mary  Hope,  towards  her  preferment  and  maintenance, 
£400  within  3  years  of  my  decease.  To  my  grandchild  Mag- 
dalen, now  wife  to  Sqmuell  Cawley  Gwersvilt,  gent.,  £200  within 
2  years.  To  my  daughter  Magdalen,  now  wife  to  John  Basker- 
vile  of  Blagdin,  £100.     To  my  great  grandchild  Hugh  Roberts 


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VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND.  387 

the  younger  £20.  To  my  grandchild  Roger  Hope  an  annuity 
of  £20,  and  a  Hke  annuity  to  my  grandchild  Jolm  Hope,  to 
commence  immediately  after  the  decease  of  their  mother  Anne 
Hope.  All  the  rest  of  m}-  estate,  real  and  personal,  I  bequeath 
to  my  grandchild  George  Hope,  whom  I  make  my  executor. 
(Signed)  George  Hope.  Witnesses:  Hugh  Roberts,  Thomas 
Rolland,  Roger  Decke.  Proved  by  the  executor.  Brent,  395. 
[Magdalen,  daughter  of  George  Hope,  of  Queens  Hope,  County  Flint, 
and  Dodlester,  Co.  Chester,  Eng.,  married  John  Baskervillc,  of  Old 
Withington,  Cheshire,  Eng.  (1599-1G61)  and  was  the  mother  of  John 
Baskerville,  bom  1635,  who  emigrated  to  York  Co.,  Va.,  and  was  an- 
cestor of  the  family  here.] 

i.,'  ■■       t>  '!v-     ;,'  '  •  ■        ,     .■  ■     ■  _      ■:■■' 

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388  '  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


r 


EXTRACTS  FROM  KING  WILLIAM  COUNTY  RECORDS. 


(Contributed  by  W.  B.  Cridlin,  Richmond,  Va.) 
BOOK  XL 

1800.  Thomas  Pollard,  John  Sweet  and  Mary  his  wife, 
Susanna  Pollard  and  Frances  Pollard,  of  King  William,  to 
Yancey  Lipscomb,  Deed.  Witnesses:  Wm.  Croxton,  B.  Tim- 
berlal<e  and  Wm.  Wingo.     (P.  51,  52.) 

1703.  Richard  Littlepage,  and  Frances  his  wife,  of  New 
Kent,  gent.,  to  John  Ostin  (Austin),  Deed,  conveying  land 
adjoining  Henry  Fox  and  Harry  Madison,  being  part  of  a 
greater  dividend  received  by  will  from  Samuel  Osteen.  Wit- 
nesses: Elias  Pea,  John  Williams  (P.  Gl,  62.) 

1702.  Maurice  Roberts  to  Henry  Slaughter,  Deed.  Also 
deed  to  Henry  Madison,     Witnesses:  Francis  Goodrich,  John 


!•  '•     Scarbrick  (P.  77,  78.) 


1702.     Francis  Nicholson  (Governor)  to  Thomas  Nicholls. 
,"     Patent  for  land  in  Pamunkey  Neck. 

1702.  Thomas  Nichols  and  Isabella  his  wife,  to  John  Caw- 
thorn.  Deed  for  above  land.  Witnesses:  Thos.  Carr,  Robert 
Napier,  John  Carr  (P.  77.) 

1703.  Thomas  Beckley  [Joseph?]  of  King  and  Queen,  to 
John  Waller  of  King  William,  gent.,  for  whole  and  sole  use  of 
Ralph  Shelton,  son  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Gissedge,  relict  of  Mr.  Rich- 
ard Gissedge,  lately  deceased.  Mentions  marriage,  by  Gods 
grace,  speedily  to  be  performed  between  Joseph  Bickley  and 
Sarah  Gissedge  (P.  81). 

1702.     Hugh  Owen,  gent.,   attorney  for  Edward  Bell  and 
Mary  his  wife,  to  John  Whitworth,  Sr.,  patented  land.     Wit- 
,    nesses:  Stephen  Geodie,  William  Fite  (P.  82-86). 


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EXTRACTS  FROM  KING  WILLIAM  COUNTY  RECORDS.  389 

1704.     Mathew    Towler    (Toler)    to    Vincent    Inge.     Land 
patented  in  1702,  for  transportation  of  3  persons.     E   Jenin^^s 
Secty.     (P.  87-89). 

1704.  John  Claiborne  to  John  Graves.     Bond  and  deed. 
I             Witnesses:  Edward  Guthrie,  Henry  Collison,  Francis  Griggs 

John  West,  Thos.  West.     (P.  90,  95-97,  138.) 

1702.     John  Mann  and  Mary  his  wife  to  Robert  Bulress. 
:     .        Deed.     Witnesses:  Edward  Burgess,  WilHam  Noyes,  Thomas 
Gcers.     (P.  93,  94.) 

1705.  Thomas  Wood  of  King  William  to  Richard  Elliott  of 
■             King  William.     Deed  for  land  purchased  of  Edward  Hucksteo 

I  (P.  93,  94). 

I  1704.     Thomas   Claybome  and  Anne   his  wife   to   Samuel 

Cradock.     Deed  (P.  97-101). 
:  1703.     John  Waller  and  Thomas  Tony  to  Richard  Little- 

l  page.     Deed  for  land  escheated  from  Joseph  Thomas,  deceased 

r      (P.  101). 

I  1703.     John    Higgason,    John    Quarles,    and    Wm.    Neale. 

I  Commission  to  appraise  the  estate  of  David  Thomas,  deceased, 

j  attached  by  John  James  (P.  102,  103). 

1704.  Edward  Bell  (son  of  Thomas  Bell)  and  Mary  his  wife 
to  Griflin  Pond,  son  of  Griffin  Pond  late  of  New  Kent  Deed 
(P.  103-107). 

f  1704.     John   Waller  to  Richard   Marr,    Deed.     Witnesses: 

•  Ephriam    Burrell,    Henry    Webber.     Conveying    land"   latel^ 

i  bought  of  Elias  Downes  (P.  lOG-108). 

i  1701.     James  Honey   (Honney)  and  Margaret  his  wife  to 

I  Isaac  Hill,  Deed  (P.  109,  110). 

I  1704.     Richard  Yarbrough  and  Sarah  his  wife  to  Robert  Ab- 

'  bott.  Deed.     Witnesses:  Joseph  Cooperham  et  als  (P.  Ill    ll'> 

117). 

1703.  Thomas  Burrus  to  Jacob  Burrus,  Deed  (P.  112). 

1705.  John  Hill  and  Jane  his  wife  to  Robert  Garrett  Deed 
(P.  113,  114). 

i  1703  or  1704.     Samuel  Boys  to  John  James.     Sale  of  a  ser- 

I  vant.     Witnesses:  Thomas  Boys,  Thomas  Burke  (p.  115). 

1704.  Thomas  Arnold  and  Frances  his  wife  to  Michael 
Waldroop  (P.  116). 


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390  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

1705.  John  Mask  to  John  Monroe,  Deed  (P.  121). 

1706.  Henry  Nelson  of  King  and  Queen  to  Thomas  Baker, 
Deed  (P.  122). 

1704.  John  Madison  of  King  and  Queen  to  George  Pur- 
chase, Deed  (P.  123,  124).  ^*••j5.|;^:[.s.^.  ;.>v;:v 

1706.  John  Higgason  to  EHz.  Brightwell,  relict  of  Randall 
Brightwell  (P.  125,  126). 

1706.     Nathaniel  West,  and  ,  to  Orlando  Jones  and 

Martha  his  wife,  formerly  Martha  West.     Deed  of  gift  (P.  125). 

1706.  Mary  Barker,  John  Oakes,  John  Yarbrough,  admis.; 
in  behalf  of  Thomas  Smith  and  Flower  Smith,  orphans  of  John 
Smith  (P.  127). 

1705.  John  Olliver,  Sr.  to  John  Olliver,  Jr.,  Deed  of  gift 
(P.  129). 

1705.  William  Burus  to  Thomas  and  Charles  Bums,  Deed 
for  land  adjoining  Edward  and  Edmond  Burrus  (P.  130-134). 

1704.  Edward  Nott,  Governor,  to  Orlando  Jones,  land 
formerly  granted  Mathew  Towler  in  1702  and  by  him  deserted. 
Patent  (P.  131,  132). 

1705.  Charles  Bumis  to  John  Burrus.     Deed  (P.  134). 

1707.  John  Waller  and  Thomas  Carr,  gentlemen,  to  Philip 
Whitehead,  3^  acre  in  Delaware  Town,  Deed.  Witnesses: 
George  Braxton,  Martin  Palmer,  Mathew  Creed  (P.  135,  136). 

1707.  Col.  John  West,  of  King  William,  to  John  Waller, 
Philip  Whitehead,  and  Thomas  Carr,  2^^  acres  in  Delaware 
Town,  laid  out  by  Harry  Beverley  (P.  137). 

1707.  John  Waller  of  King  and  Queen  to  John  Walker  of 
King  William,  Deed  (P.  139-141). 

1707.     Same  to  William  Anderson  (P.  140-144). 

1707.  Same  to  Major  Nicholas  Meriwether,  Deed.  Land  in 
Delaware  Town  (P.  145). 

1707.  Same  to  Daniel  Miles,  James  Terry  and  Thomas 
Terry  (P.  146). 

1707.     Same  to  John  Monroe,  clerk  (P.  147). 
.     1707.     Same  to  William  Meriwether  of  New  Kent  (P.  148). 
.     1707.     Same  to  Mrs.  Unity  West  (P.  149). 

1707.     Same  to  Henry  Fox  (P.  150). 

1707.     Same  to  Stephen  Willis  of  New  Kent  (P.  151). 


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EXTRACTS   FROM   KINO   WILLIAM  COUNTV   RECORDS.  391 

1707.  Same  to  George  Clough  of  New  Kent  (P.  152) 

1707.  vSame  to  Hon.  Wm.  Bassett  of  New  Kent  (P.  153) 

1707.  Same  to  Richard  Roy  of  King  and  Queen  (P.   154). 

1707.  Same  to  George  Priddy  of  New  Kent  (P.  155). 

1707.  Same  to  George  Dabney,  Gt.,  of  King  William  (P 
156). 

1707.     Same  to  Richard  Wyatt  of  King  and  Queen  (P.  157). 

1707.     Same  to  Larkin  Chew  of  Essex  (P.  158). 
■  1707.     Same  to  John  Higgason  of  King  William  (P    159) 

1704,  Nov.  19.  Will  of  Thomas  Swan  of  King  William 
Legatees:  WiUiam  Lipscomb,  Jr.,  son  of  Wm.  Lipscomb  and 
his  wife  Mary  Lipscomb;  Mrs.  Mary  Carr,  wife  of  Thos.  Carr, 
gent.,  John  Terry,  as  soon  as  of  age;  well  beloved  friend  Thomas 
Carr.  gent.     Witnesses:  Wm.  Portens,  Gilbert  Ellett  (P.  165). 

1704.  Jno.  Hail  report  on  inventor)-  of  estate  of  Robt' 
Gleave,  deed.  (P.  166). 

1702.  John  Davis  son  of  Wm.  Davis  to  sister  Sarah  Davis, 
about  to  marry  William  Holladay  (P.  171). 

1703-4.  Major  Joseph  Bickley  to  John  Waller,  gent.  Bond 
for  two  years  schooling  for  Ralph  Shelton,  son  of  Mrs.  Sarah 
Gissedge,  widow  (Book  I,  177). 

1706.  Capt.  John  West  to  John  Waller,  Philip  Whitehead, 
and  Thomas  Carr,  in  trust  for  town  of  Delaware  in  King  WiUiani 
County.     Mentions  his  brother  Thomas  West  (P.  357). 

1707.  John  Waller,  Philip  Whitehead  and  Thomas  Carr, 
gents.,  to  Mrs.  Unity  West,  Yo  acre  lot  in  Delaware  Town  fp' 
379).  ^ 

1793.  Roger  Gregory,  Jr.,  of  Henrico  County  and  Sarah 
his  wife  to  Nathaniel  Gregory,  their  entire  interest  in  a  tract 
of  land  known  as  King  William  Court  House,  which  was  pur- 
chased by  said  Roger  Gregory  and  William  Gregory  at  public 
sale  (P.  2,  3).  ^    ^        v 

1796.^   Wm.  Gregory  of  King  William  and  Anne  his  wife  to 
Nathaniel  Gregory,  conveying  his  interest  in  the  above  tract 
(P.  184,  185). 

1800.  Nathaniel  Gregor)^  to  Falvey  Frazer.  Deed,  land 
at  King  William  Court  House  (293,  294). 

1793.  Nathaniel  Gregoiy  from  Thos.  Frazer.  BiU  of  sale 
(P.  4). 


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392       ^  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

1797.  John  Beckley  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  and  PvOger 
Gregory,  Jr.,  of  the  county  of  Henrico,  State  of  Virginia,  con- 
veying to  Nathaniel  Gregory  land  in  King  William  Co.,  in  tnist 
tov/ards  the  support  of  Alary  Ann  Gregory-,  wife  of  said  Nath- 
aniel Gregory,  and  towards  the  maintenance,  education  and 
support  of  Nathaniel  Beckley  Gregory,  Thomas  West  Gregor\% 
and  Richard  Claiborne  Gregory.  Mention  of  William  Gregory 
as  party  to  the  deed,  and  that  said  deed  also  conveyed  a  mort- 
gage from  Falvey  Frazer  (P.  29G,  297). 

1795.  William  West  and  Sally  his  wife  to  Thomas  laylor, 
land  adjoining  Richard  Squire  Taylor.  Witnesses:  George 
West.  Dabney  Turner,  William  Penn  et  als.     (P.  152,  153). 

1800.  Major  Atkinson  of  King  William  to  William  West, 
conveying  land  fonnerly  the  property  of  William  Hill,  Deed 
(P.  223). 

1804.  Richard  Frazer  and  Ann  Catherine  his  wife  to  Lucy 
Skyrin,  Deed.  Witnesses:  James  Gwathmey,  John  Skyring, 
John  Roane,  John  Roane,  Jr. 

1803.  John  Roberts  and  Ann  his  wife  of  King  William,  to 
Richard  Eubank,  Deed  (P.  101). 

1704.  John  Yarbrough  planter,  to  William  Aylett.  Deed. 
Land  sold  and  exchanged  by  the  Chickahominy  Indians  with 
Arnold  for  other  lands,  and  by  said  Arnold,  of  King  and  Queen, 
sold  to  John  Hurt  of  King  and  Queen  (St.  Stephens  Parish). 
Deed  acknowledged  in  King  and  Queen  Nov.  12,  1691,  and  by 
said  Hurt  sold  to  Richard  Yarbrough,  father  of  said  John,  as 
by  deed  acknowledged  in  King  and  Queen  Feb.  12,  1605-6,  and 
by  virtue  of  deed  for  half  interest  conveyed  from  said  John's 
brother  Richard  Yarbrough  (P.  104-1 33-modem). 

1820.  Bernard  Houchings  and  Elizabeth  his  wife  to  the 
legal  representatives  of  George  Turner,  deceased.  Deed  (P. 
137-138). 

1819.  George  B.  Fleet,  and  Catherine  his  wife,  v;ho  was 
Catherine  Lipscomb,  and  Thos.  W.  L.  Gregory,  of  the  second 
part,  and  Christopher  Johnson,  of  the  third  part,  all  of  King 
William.  Security  on  bond.  Mentions  Abner  Allen  and 
Agnes  his  v/ife.  (Note  by  John  V\''illeroy,  Capt.  Morrison 
Lipscomb,  deceased,  father  of  Catherine  Lipscomb)  (P.  134). 


ni 
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'        EXTRACTS  FROM  KING  WILLIAM  COUNTY  RECORDS.  393 

1820.  Bernard  L.  Powers,  Coleman  Williams  and  Waller 
Burke,  deed  of  tnist.     (P.  135). 

1810.  Thomas  R.  Evans  and  Mary  his  wife.  Deed  of  gift 
of  negroes  to  Thos.  E.  Row,  son  of  Francis  Row  and  grandson 
of  said  Mary  Evans.  Also  to  Agnes  Frazer,  infant  daughter  of 
Alexander  Frazer  (P.  139). 

181G.  Sarah  Terry-,  Dicey  Terry  and  Patty  Teny,  their 
mother,  to  Robert  Hill.  Deed.  Witnesses:  Robert  W.  King, 
John  Houchings,  William  Waller  (P.  140). 

1817.  William  Brov/nley  to  Hardin  Littlepage.  Deed. 
Witnesses:  Philip  Aylett,  Jr.,  Isaac  Quarles,  Jr.,  John  Hageman, 
George  W.  Quarles  (P.  140,  141). 

1817.  Thomas  H.  Fox,  and  James  Fox,  admis.  of  John  Fox, 
deed.,  to  Ambrose  Edwards.     Deed  (P.  142). 

1817.  Daniel  Powers,  Robert  Hill,  William  Hill,  and  Walter 
Burke,  Commissioners,  to  Henry  Brenan.  Mentions  John 
White  and  wife  Eliza,  who  was  Eliza  Watkins,  Edwin  Lips- 
comb, infant  child  of  Beverley  B.  Lipscomb  and  Mary  his  wife, 
who  was  Mary  Watkins,  Sally  W^atkins,  Richard  Watkins,  and 
William  Watkins,  the  last  infants  under  21  years  of  age,  and 
Ambrose  Lipscomb,  deceased  (Robert  Pollard,  Jr.,  tmstee). 
This  land  having  been  conveyed  for  use  of  Susanna  Watkins, 
now  deceased,  and  equally  divided  among  her  lawful  heirs. 
Witnesses:  Thomas  N.  Grymes,  Thomas  AV.  Ne^v  and  Richard 
"Willeroy.     (P.  142,  143). 

1817.  William  Presley  Claiborne  to  John  A.  Lipscomb, 
Deed.  Land  purchased  of  Daniel  Lipscomb.  Witnesses: 
Carter  Braxton,  Reuben  Dugar,  Wm.  A.  Browne  (P.  145). 

1817.  John  S.  Quarles  of  Amelia >County  to  Isaac  Quarles  of 
King  William  Co.  Deed  for  land  inherited  from  Isaac  Quarles, 
Sr.  Witnesses:  G.  W.  Quarles,  Daniel  Powers,  Bernard  L.' 
Powers. 

1818.  Edward  Hill,  administrator  of  Philip  Pendleton,  de- 
ceased, of  King  and  Queen  Co.  to  Hardin  Littlepage,  for  land 
purchased  in  1803.  Also  mentions  land  devised  to  Wm.  Henry 
Quarles  by  his  father  Major  James  Quarles,  deceased,  on  which 
Col.  Quarles  lived  in  the  latter  part  of  his  life.  Also  land  pur- 
chased by  W.  H.  Quarles  of  Henry  Graves  and  Mary  his  wife, 


394  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

which  is  subject  to  the  dower  of  the  widow  of  Col.  James 
Quarles  (P.  147,  148). 

1817.  WilHam  Elliott  and  Temple  Elliott  of  King  William 
Co.  to  Wm.  Campbell  of  King  William  (P.  147). 

1822.  John  Terr}'  to  John  Houchings.  Deed  for  land  pur- 
chased of  Elisha  Terry  (P.  149). 

1821.  William  Trimmer  and  Mary  his  wife  and  Obediah 
Trimmer,  conveying  land  inherited  from  their  father  William 
Trimmer,  deceased,  to  Carter  Braxton,  Charles  H.  Braxton  and 
Corbin  Braxton.     Deed  (P.  150). 

1817.  Brooke  Hill  of  the  town  of  Louisville,  County  of 
Jefferson,  State  of  Kentucky,  guardian  of  Edwin  B.  Hill,  ap- 
points Richard  Hill  of  King  William  Co.,  Va.,  as  attorney  to 
collect  lying  left  by  the  grandfather  of  the  said  E.  B.  Hill,  viz.: 
William  Fleming  Gaines,  late  of  King  William  Co.  Certificate 
signed  by  Andrew  Steele,  Presiding  Justice  of  the  County  Court 
of  Jefferson,  Worden  Pope,  County  Clerk  (P.  151,  152). 

(To  Be  Continued) 


(beu/firTfiAJ  '>a  oT) 


J^OR 


COUNCIL    PAPERS.  •  395 


COUNCIL  PAPERS  1698-1702. 


(From  the  Originals  in  the  Virginia  State  Library)     '    ' 


Account  of  William  Byrd,  Auditor,  1702. 
(Continued) 

Contra  Cred'  "  •  ■ 

By  Ball'a  last  yeare  due  to  the  Audito'' 2955.  09.081/^ 

By  paid  Cap*  Joshua  Broadbent,  for  Eight 
months  Sloop  hire,  Victualling  and  Men's  Wages 
of  the  Sloope  Spywell  in  His  Maj*^*  Service  by 

Order  of  His  Excellency. 144.  00.  00 

By  p'^  his  Excell'cy  one  Yeares  Sallary  Ending 

the  25*^'  of  March  last  by  Order  as  before 000.  00.  00 

By  p''  his  Excell'cy  one  yeares  house  Rent  Ending 

y^  vSame  time  by  Order  as  before 150.  00.  00 

By  p"^  the  Gent,  of  the  Council!  one  yeares  Sallary 

Ending  y«  27"»  Aprill  last  by  Order  as  before 350.  00.  00 

By  W"  Blathwayt  Esq^  his  Maj'^  Audit^  One 
Yeares  Salary  Ending  Lady  Day  last,  by  Order  as 

before _ 100.  00.  00 

By  p"^  James  Sherlock  Clk  of  y®  Councill  one 
Yeares  Salary  Ending  y«  26*''  of  ffebr^  last  by 

Order  as  before •. 50.  00.00 

By  p'^  W"  Randolph  Esq'  his  Maj^  Attorney 
Gen '11  one  yeares  Sallary  Ending  y""  20*'*  Aprill 

last  by  Order  as  before 40.  00.  00 

By  Barth  ffowbr  for  so  much  paid  Severall  Min- 
isters for  their  Attendance  two  Gen'll  Co""''  & 

Assembly  by  Order  as  before 15.  00.  00 

By  p''  the  Sollicto''  of  the  Virg'a  Affaires  One  yeare 
Sallary,  Ending  on  Lady  day  last  by  Ord""  as  be- 
fore   100.  00.  00 


5904.  09.081^ 


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00  .00  001        aioit 


396  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

The  Auditor  is  Continued  D'' 
To  Severall  Articles  brought  over  amounting  to.  3712.  08.09^ 
To  his  Majestys  one  third  part  of  the  Ship  William 

(charges  deducted) ._ 79.  10.  00 

To  the  Estate  of  Thomas  Wilkinson,  debts  and 

Charges  deducted 17.  11.  01 

To  vSeverall  fines  Received 7.  06.  09 

Soe  that  there  remaines  due  to  the  Audit ■■  on 
Ballance  of  this  Acco'  the  sume  of  Two  Thousand 
Seven  himdred,  Seaventy  four  pounds  Nine  shill- 
ings and  Eight  pence  half  penny  ster'g 2774.  09.08)^ 


.  ,.:;:-.,  r    .  6591.     6.  43^ 

.<  '■  ■■•■"■■  'i";      • ,  -t. .,  i 

•    ,     .    .  William  Byrd  Aud' 

Contra  Cred'' 

B}'^  Severall  Articles  brought  over  amounting  to 5904.  09.083^ 

By  p'^  Edward  Ross,  Gunn'  of  the  ffort  at  James 
Citty,  one  yeares  Salary  Ending  on  Lady  day 
Last  by  Order  of  his  Excellency 15.  00.  00 

By  J)**  Rich''  Dunbarr  Gunn''  of  York  ffort  one 
Yeares  Sallary  Ending  on  lady  day  last  by  Order 
as  before 10.  00.  00 

By  p^  John  Chiles  for  Carrying  his  Majesty's 
Packetts  to  Maryland  and  New  Yorke  by  Order 
as  before 15.  00.  00 

By  p*^  John  Chiles  his  Maj'tys  Messenger  to 
Attend  His  Excell'^*'  and  Councill  One  Yeares 
Sallary  Ending  on  Lady  day  last  by  Order  as 
before 25.  00.  00 

:By  Collectors'  Sallary  at  10  p  C  of  £3712.08.09}^ 

is 371.  04.10H 

By  the  Audit^  Sallary  at  7^  p  C  of  £3341.  03. 

11.  is 250.  11.  09 

6591.  6.  04 


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COUNCIL    PAPERS.  397 

Virginia  ss. 

William  Byrd  Audif  to  his  Maj'^'  Revenue  of  2^  reserved 

for  every  hundred  acres  of  Land  held  of  His  Maj'^  in   this 

Colony  also  Composition  for  the  yearc  1697.. D' 

To  the  Ball'a  of  Last  yeares  Acco* 3333.     9.  Q}4 

To  the  Q'  Rents  of  Gloucester  County  Cask  and 

Sallary  deducted  28428hTobo.  at  7^0*1  pC'^ 106.  12.  2 

To  Ditto  in 

King  &  Queen  35004— at  7.  6 131.    5.     3 

To  Ditto  in 

New  Kent  29212— at  7.  6-..__.......:....l.'..........' ...1  109.  10.  10 

To  Ditto  in  Yorke 

County— 12520— at  7.  6 46.  19.  00 

To  Ditto  in  James  Citty  18745*^  Tobo.  at  6=  p  C^     56.     4.  9 

To  Ditto  in  Warwick 

County  7604— at  6"  p  C^..._ 22.  16.     3 

To  Ditto  in  Eliza.  City  5812— at  6  p  C 17.    8.     8 

To  Ditto  in  Middle- 
sex County  9842— at  6  p  C* 29.  10.     6 

To  Ditto  in  Essex  10318— at  6  p  C 30.  19.     2 

To  Ditto  in  Charles 

Citty  25533— at  6  p  C^ 76.  12.     3 

To  Ditto  in  Henrico  26241— at  6  p  C* .._ 78.  14.     4 

To  Ditto  in  Surrey  21500— at  6  p  C^ 64.  10.  00 

To  Ditto  in  Isle  of 

Wight  24036— at  5«  6^  p  C* 66.     2.  00 

To  Ditto  in  Nan- 

zamond  22337— at  5^  p  C^ 55.  17.  00 

To  Ditto  in  Norfolke  20088— at  5«  p  C^  50.     4.  5 

To  Ditto  in  Princess 

Ann  17931— at  4:  p  C 35.  17.     3 

To  Ditto  North- 
ampton 20482— at  5:  pC _ 51.    4.     1 

To  Ditto  Accomack  40767— at  5:  p  C'._ 101.  18.     4 

To  Severall  Compositions  for  Escheats  amounting 

to._ 27.     2.     4 

4492.  18.  VA 


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398  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  ,  ,^ 

P'  Contra  Cred' 

By  Salary  of  £1159.  8«  7'^  at  7H  P  C^ 86.  19.  1^ 

So  that  there  remaines  due  to  his  Majesty  from 
this  Accomptant  the  Siime  of  ffour  Thousand 
four  hundred  and  five  pounds  Nineteen  Shillings4405.  19.     0 

4492.  18.  IH 
WiUiam  Byrd  Aud^ 

Jan'y  1698 

Memor.  Warrants  part  not  yet  paid  nor  brought  to  Acco' 
Octob^  y«  7'^  One  payable  to  S'  Edm*^  Andros  ^ 

Kn*  for  half  a  year's  Salar}^  due  to  him  on  Mich- 

aehnasse  day  last  for.„--„ 1000.  00.  00 

One  Ditto  for  6  months  House  Rent 75.  00.  00 

Nov^  y^  5^^  One  ditto  payable  to  M"-  Chicheley 
Corbin  Thacker  for  Severall  Messages  to  Kic- 
congton  one  y«  Ac  of  Adm'll  Nevel  with 

hi^  Squadron  as  also  for  extraordinary  expresses 
to  Marvdand,  Potomack  &  other  remote  parts  of 

theGovermn^_..__ 79.  00.  06 

One  Ditto  payable  to  M^  Thacker  for  soe  much 

paid  by  him  to  severall  persons  for  extraordinary 

Services  about  the  fort  at  Tindalls  point  Tarr  &c     11.  08.  06 

Decern^  y"  8*''  One  Ditto  to  S^  Edm'^  Andros  Kn* 

for  Salary  from  Michaeknas  to  y=  8*'^  &c 383.  10.  11 

One  ditto  for  house  Rent  to  the  Same  time 28.  15.  ^' 


04 


1577.  15.  03 

William  Byrd  Aud^ 

Since  the  makeing  up  of  my  last  Acco*  I  have  reC*  about  one 
Hundred  and  Sixty  pounds  which  is  all  till  this  time  come  to  my 

hands. 

William  Byrd,  Aud'. 

Jan'y  y  19"^  1698. 


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COLN'CII.    PAI'KRS.  399 

Jan'ry  1698. 
;  An  Acco'  of  what  Salary's  are  due  out  of  His  Maj'"  Revenue 

of  2=  p  hh**  and  port  Duties  Since  the  last  Acco'  Sent  for  Eng- 
,        land,  (for  which  noe  Warrants  }'et  issued)  to  the  9"'  of  De- 
j        cember  1698  inclusive. 
;  Viz'  "    '  " 

To  the  Gent  of  his  Maj'"  Hon'ble  CounciU  from 
:        the  27 '»*  of  Aprill  to  the  said  time  after  the  rate  of 

i        £350pann- _ 216.  14.  05 

I        To  William  Blathwayt  Esq-"  His  Maj'«  Aud'  &c 

from  Lady  day  to  the  said  time  after  the  rate  of 

j        £100  p  anm 59   q-j    qq 

I       To  the  Clke  of  His  Maj*^  Councill  from  the  26"' 

{        of  ffeb-^  to  y«  said  time  after  the  Rate  of  £50  p  an     38.  10.   10 

:       To  His  Majt«  Attorney  Gen '11  from  y^  20"'  of 

Aprill  to  the  said  time  after  the  rate  of  £40  p  an     23.  01 .  01 
[       To  several]  Ministers  for  their  Attendance  one 

I  Gen '11  Court  and  one  Assembly ,     10.00.00 

•        To  the  Sollicit^  of  Virg'a  Affaires  from  Lady  day 
j  to  the  abovesaid  time  after  the  Rate  of  £100. 

■  P  an.....__ 59   07.  06 

i       To  the  Gunner  of  James  Citty  ffort  from  Lady 

j  day  to  the  said  time,  after  the  rate  of  £15  p  ann_.     10.  06.  08 

!       To  the  Gunner  of  Yorke  ffort  from  Lady  day  to 

;  the  Same  time,  after  the  rate  of  £10  p  an 6.  17.  06 

i        To  His  Maj*^  Messenger  from  Lady  day  to  the 

[  Same  time  after  the  Rate  of  £25  p  an 17.  03.  09     . 


441.  09.  03 
Errors  Excepted 

p  William  Byrd  Aud*^ 

Mem''  Extraordinary  Charges  paid  out  of  y"  2"  p  hh"*  and  port 
Duties,  since  the  20'^  of  July  Anno  Dm.  1693— 
19^  July  1694 
P'^  M'  Bateman  for  fees  &c  about  the  Northern 

Neck 28.  14.  08 

19*^  July  1694 


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400  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

P**  Mess"  Perry  &c  for  soe  much  paid  y*'  Stationer 
for  Law  Bookes,  paper  &c  for  the  use  of  the 
Councill  Chamber.- 16.  09.  00 

P'^  Ralph  Wormeley  Esq''  for  soe  much  paid  John 
Perry  Express  w**'  his  Maj'^Pacquets  to  Mary- 
land, N.  Yorke:  and  Boston 13.  00.  00 

P*^  M""  Sherlock  for  makeing  y^  Armory,  Cleaning 

removeing  and  putting  up  the  Armor 12.  01.  00 

P''  y^  Same  for  Expences  in  his  Journey  to  &  from 

Maryland 8.  00.  00 

P*^  Trebitt  for  freight  of  Granadoes  &  other  Stores     " 

from  N.  Yorke.__ 20.  00.  00 

P*^  y«  Cover''  of  N.  Yorke  pursuant  to  an  Ord''  of 

His  Exc'y  and  Councill ._. 500.  00.  00 

-  P**  Thomas  Palmer  for  10  Carriages  and  wheels 

for  Yorke  fort __ 60.  00.  00 

P"*  the  Widdow  Goodrick  for  planlc  an  a  parti- 
tion in  the  Secretaries  Of!ice 3.  10.  00 

P'^  Ralph  Womiely  Esq""  for  removeing  stores 

from  Yorke  to  James  Citty 40.  04.  03 

.  P*^  Cap*  Cary  for  trouble  and  expence  in  His  Jour- 
ney to  New  Yorke 90.  00.  00 

.]   P*^  Cap*  Ballard  for  Carrying  Cap*  Cary  to  the 

Eastern  Shore  the  said  Journey 8.  00.  00 

■y,  pd  -^i  Wellboume  for  bringeing  Edward  Ran- 
dolph Esq''  from  the  Eastern  Shore 5.  00.  00 

P'^  M''  Sherlock  for  Severall  Messengers  to  N. 

Yorke  &c._ _ £     37.  12.  06 


,  .   ^^..>,^^,.v..  u  £852.  11.  05 

/-    31"'  May  1695 
•;"'■    P'^  M""  Sherlocke  for  bookes  and  paper  for  the  use 

-  of  y«  Councill  _ 5.  07.  00 

-  •;  P<^  y^  Widdow  Dunbarr  y«  Ball"^"  of  £35  for  a 

.'..   house  built  at  Tindalls  point 15.  00.  00 

■>a  pd  John  Tillett  for  mending  Carriages  S:c.  at  Ja. 

Town 50.  00.  00 

P"*  James  Peters  &c  for  Carriages  at  Nanzimond...       47.  14.  00 


81 
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COUNCIL   PAPERS.  4U1 

P**  M''  Peter  Beverley  for  mounting  8  Guns  at 

Tindals  point 5.  01.  00 

P'*  for  a  Halser  for  the  use  of  y^  fort  at  James 

Citty 8.  00.  00 

P**  M'' Sherlock  for  Messengers- 10.  17.  00 


£149.  19.  00 
16'*'  June  1696 

P*^  Cap*  Henry  Beverly  for  Sloops  hire,  Victuall- 
ing and  men's  Wages  for  y^  Garvin  &  Katherine 

in  His  Maj'«  Service 569.  13.  04 

P'*  the  Gover''  of  N.  Yorke  over  and  above  £500 

allowed  out  of  the  4*^  p  Gallon 269.  04.  07 

P*^  M'  Sherlocke  for  14  Barrells  of  Tarr  for  the 

platformes,  an  Express  to  Carolina. 25.  15.  00 

P**  M''  Sherlock  for  6  Iron  Gunns  for  use  of  Ja: 

Cityffort 28.  00.  00 

P*^  Cap'  Ballard  for  transport  of  8  Carriages  over 

Yorke  River  for  the  use  of  Yorke  ffort 10.  00.  00 

P**  M''  Secretary  for  Soe  much  p'^  Severall  Mess- 

eng"._ 29.  12.  00 

P^  James  Bringley  express  to  N.  Yorke  ab*'  y'^ 

Quota._ 12.  00.  00 

P"^  Edw"^  Ross  for  Carrying  his  Maj**  Packetts  to 

Maryland,  Pensilvania.  y^  Jerseys  &  New  Yorke  .        20.  00.  00 

£964.  04.   II 
29»»»  Aprill  1697 
P"^  Joshua  Broadbent  for  Six  months  Sloope  hire, 

Victualling  &  Wages  of  y«  Sloope  Spywell._ 108.  00.  00 

P*^  Henry  Gary  for  makeing  a  plattforme  at  Yorke 

ffort _ 35.  00.  00 

P'*  Edw^  Ross  for  removeing  Great  Gunns,  hoop- 
ing 63  barrells,  of  Powder  &  170  foot  plank  for  J. 

C.  fort 11.  07.  06 

P"*  for  Messengers  this  Yeare 31.  00.  00 

£185.  07.  06 


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402  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE  ''.'*.' 

Aug^  1698  .     '    '"'. 

P'^  Joshua  Broadbent  8  Months  Sloope  hire,  Vic-  '    ' « 

tualls  and  Wages 144.  00.  00 

Anno:  1694 £852.  11.  05 

Anno:  1695 £149.  19.  00 

Anno:  1690 £904.  04.  11 

Anno:  1697._ £185.  07.  06 

Anno:  1698..._ £144.  00.  00 

£2290.  02.  10 
p  William  Byrd  Aud' 
Memor.  paid  out  of  His  Maj^y  Ouitt  Rents  for  Anno  Dom. 
1693  and  since  Viz* 
To  the  Goveno'  of  the  Royall  CoUedge  of  Will- .    .  ■ 

iam  and  Mary.- £1135.  14.  00 

To  His  Excellency  CoU'o  Nicholson  one  Yeare's 

Salary  as  Leiu^  Goveno' 300.  00.  00 

Transferred  to  the  Acco*  of  2«  p  hh<*  soe  much  as 
pd  y«  Goveno'  of  New  Yorke  in  the  Yeares  1691 

&  1692 202.  00.  00 

Transferred  as  above  soe  much  p"*  y*  Goven'  N. 

York  1693 500.  00  .00 

P^M'Comissary  by  Order  of  IPMuly  1693 100.  00.  00 

£2237.  14.  00 

1694 

P'^  Cap*  Gardiner  pursuant  to  her  Maj*'  Direc- 

ions  being  dated  at  Whitehall  Octob^  y-^  5'"  1694...      175.  00.  00 

1695 

P*i  His  Excellency  Goveno""  Nicholson 125.  00.  00 

Pd  M^  Commissary  Blair  by  Order  y«  18^''  Dem' 

1695 100.  00.  00 

Transferred  to  y"  2"  p  hh^i  by  Order  y=  l"  May 

1695 765.  03.  03 

pd  ye  Treasurer  and  paymasters  of  his  Maj'» 

Ordnance— 665.  12.  01 

£1530.  15.  04 


/ 


00 


eo  eo  .8dT 


COUNCIL    PAPERS.  -• '  403 

Anno:  1693._ 2237.  14.  00 

Anno:  1694.„ _ 175.  00.  00 

Anno:  1G95  _„ 125.  00.  00 

Anno:  1G96.__ 1530.15.043^ 


£4068.  09.04.. 
p  William  Byrd 

Virg'a  ss. 

William  Byrd  Audit'  to  His  Maj**  Revenues  of  2»  for  every 
H'*'^  Tobacco  Exported  out  of  this  Colony  of  Virginia  ik  15^ 
p  Tunn  for  every  Shipp  Tradeing  here  and  6*^  p  pole  for  ever 
pson  imported  into  this  Colony  and  the  forfeiture  here  due 

to  His  Maj'ty  for  One  Yeare  Ending  the  2-1'^  June  1699 D' 

To  Transferred  from  Acco^  of  Quitt  Rents £2955.  09.08.. 

To  Ralph  Wormeley  Esq''  Collector  of  Rappa. 

District  his  Acco'  of  2"  p  hh<^  to  this  day 645.  16.  00 

TohisAcco' of  Port  Duties  and  head  money 174.  06.  00 

To  Collo.  Edmund  Jenings  Collect"^  of  York  Dis- 
trict his  Acco' of  2"  phh'' 912'  03.  00 

To  his  Acco' of  Port  Duties  and  head  money 230.  07.  00 

To  Collo.  Edward  Hill  Collect^  of  the  Upper  Dis- 
trict of  James  River  his  Acco' of  2"  phh^^...^ 581.  08.  00 

To  his  Acco' of  Port  Duty^  and  head  money 165.  01.  03 

To  M^  Peter  Heyman  Collector  of  y**  Lower  Dis- 
trict of  James  River  his  Acco*  of  2«phh'i. 470.  01,  05 

To  his  Acco*  of  Port  Duties  and  head  money._...._...      138.  14.  00 
To  Collo.   Charles  Scarbourgh  Collect'  of  the 

Eastern  Shore  District  his  Acco*  of  2»phh'i._ 59.  00.  00 

TohisAccT*  of  Port  duties  and  head  money.- 18.  00.  00 

To  His  Maj'^  third  part  of  the  Ships  Integrity 

Charges  deducted 43.07.06^ 


£6393.  19.11  . 
No  Acco*  returned  for  Potomack  District. 

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404  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


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EXTRACT  FROM  VIRGINIA  GAZETTE  1752  AND  1755^ 


(Volirmes  in  the  New  York  Public  Library.     Transcripts  made 
1913  for  Arthur  P.  Scott.) 

Feb.  28,  1750-51,  No.  9.         . 

Virginia,  ss. 

The  Hon.  Lewis  Burwell,  Esq.,  President  of  His  Majesty's 
Council,  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Colony  and  Dominion 
of  Virginia, 

To  all  Sheriffs,  Constables,  and  other  His  Majesty's  Liege 
People,  to  whom  these  Presents  shall. come,  Greeting. 

Whereas  Complaint  is  this  Day  made  to  me,  by  Thomas 
Wilson,  of  the  Borough  of  Norfolk,  That  an  Apprentice,  named 

Samuel has  absented  himself  from  his  Service,  and 

it  is  supposed  is  gone  towards  Hanover  or  Fredericksburg,  on 
a  mare  which  he  stole  from  Wanvnck  County.  He  is  about 
5  Feet  6  Inches  high,  of  a  ruddy  Complection,  his  Eyes  some- 
what red,  and  has  a  sore  Leg;  he  is  freckled  in  the  Face,  and 
when  accused  of  any  Thing,  has  a  down  Look.  He  had  on  a 
good  large  Hat,  a  brown  cut  Wig,  a  blue  Cloth  Coat,  lin'd  with 
Scarlet,  and  had  yellow  IMetal  Buttons.  He  is  a  Taylor  by 
Trade. 

These  are  therefore,  in  His  Majesty's  Name,  to  require  you, 
and  every  of  you,  to  make  diligent  Search  and  Pursuit,  by  Way 
of  Hue  and  Cry,  within  your  several  Bailiwicks  and  Precincts, 
after  the  said  Run-away;  and  him  having  found,  to  convey  from 
Constable  to  Constable,  until  he  shall  be  deliv(er)ed  unto  his 
said  Master.  Herein  you  are  not  to  fail,  as  you  will  answer  the 
Contempt  at  your  Peril. 

*The  Virginia  Gazettes  for  17.52  and  1756  exist  only  in  one  file  each  and 
in  some  scattered  numbers.  The  gentleman  who  contributed  these  ex- 
tracts was  studyir  g  the  subject  of  crime  in  the  Colonies.  Hence  the 
amount  of  such  matter  in  the  extracts. 


EXTRACTS   FROM   VIRGINIA   GAZETTE  "" '  405 

GIVEN  under  my  Hand,  the  25th  Day  of  February,  1750-1. 

LEWIS  BURWELL. 
Whoever  takes  up  the  said  Run-away,  and  conveys  him  to 
me,  shall  have  a  Pistole  and  a  Half  Reward,  besides  what  the 
Law  allows. 

"*     '"  Thomas  WUson."  •  v.rnrr 

,,_,,,  ^ ...  .  ,..  'ix 

i-i 

t-,1  i;t- 
A  brick  Prison  is  to  be  built  for  Essex  County,  which  will  be 

let  to  an  Undertaker,  at  the  Court-House,  on  the  19th  of  March, 

by        .    .    .  ..,,  ,   ,.^,^_,_       .^^,:  .^ 

;  .  :  •  •  William  Roane 

James  Jones 


Fifty  Pistoles  Reward. 

On  the  13th  of  February  Inst,  the  Store-house  belonging  to 
the  Subscriber,  in  vSmithfield  To\vn,  Isle  of  Wight  County,  was 
broke  open,  and  sundry  Merchandize  stolen  from  thence;  also 
a  considerable  Simi  of  Money,  contained  in  Two  gilt  Trunks. 
Whoever  will  give  Infonnation  of  the  Thieves,  so  that  they,  or 
any  of  them,  be  apprehended  and  convicted  of  the  Robbery, 
shall  receive  Fifty  Pistoles  Reward  of 

James  Dunlop. 


{.         March  7th,  1750-1. 

'\  By  the  True  Patriot,  Capt.  Tren chard,  from  Bristol,  we  hear, 

-^  that  the  Spaniards  who  were  Passengers  from  Virginia,  in  the 

f  •■  Jubilee,  belonging  to  Mr.  Hanbury,  had  form'd  a  Scheme  to 
murder  the  Crew,  and  run  away  with  the  Ship,  which  they  en- 
deavoured to  carry  into  Execution;  but  by  the  Activity  of  the 
Englishmen  were  happily  prevented  in  their  Design. — Several 
of  them  were  kill'd,  and  the  others  confin'd. 

We  have  Advice,  that  the  Crew  of  a  Ship  bound  from  Liver- 
.  pool,  to  North  Carolina,  joined  by  some  Convicts  on  Board, 

*  rose  on  the  Captain  and  Mate,  and  having  confined  them,  cut 

'.  the  Sails  and  Rigging  to  Pieces,  and  afterwards  leaving  the 


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40i)  '  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINIi. 

Ship  in  that  Condition,  got  ashore  in  North  Carolina.  Three 
of  them  travel'd  from  thence  to  Norfolk,  and  pass'd  for  Captain, 
Mate,  and  Boatswain  of  a  Ship  cast  away  on  Cape  Hatteras. 
A  Vessel  from  Boston,  came  up  with  the  Siiip  soon  after  they 
left  her,  releas'd  the  Captain  and  Mate,  and  brought  her  into 
North  Carolina.  A  Hue  and  Cry  being  issued  by  Governor 
!  Johnston  for  apprehending  the  Villains,  four  of  them  were  taken 

.     ,  in  that  Province,  and  two  of  them  at  Norfolk;  and  as  there  is 

:.  strict  Search  making  after  the  rest,  we  have  good  Reason  to  be- 

lieve they  will  be  all  soon  apprehended  and  brought  to  Justice. 
\  This  Day  a  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  was  held  for  York 

1  County,  for  Tryal  of  three  Negroe  Fellows,  concerned  in  several 

I  Robberies  committed  in  this  City.     Two  of  them  were  found 

I  Guilty  of  Burglary,  and  sentenced. 


April  4,  1751. 

Philadelphia,  January  29. 
A  Pei-son  that  goes  by  the  name  of  John  Jones,  supposed  to 
be  a  Coiner,  and  an  Out-law  of  Virginia,  for  whom,  'tis  thought, 
a  considerable  Reward  was  offer'd  by  the  Goverrmient  some 
Time  ago,  being  apprehended  in  a  Hay  Stack,  and  a  Kind  of 
Augre  for  making  Holes  about  him,  is  committed  to  Prison. 
(This  we  have  Reason  to  believe  is  one  of  the  Jackson's.) 


.         April  18,  1751. 

Low  Jackson,  from  Nansemond  County,   (whose  Ingenuity 
has  occasion'd  so  great  a  Disturbance  in  this  Colony)   was 
brought  before  the  General  Court  on  Tuesday  last,  and  indicted 
1  for  forging  and  counterfeiting  Spanish  Double-Doubloons;  and 

I  after  a  long  Trial,  his  Jury  brought  liim  in  Guilty, 

i  John  Kill,  alias  Scale,  from  Southampton  County,  for  Horse- 

j  stealing,  was  found  Guilty.     This  is  the  fourth  Time  he  has 

!  appear'd  before  the  General  Court,  and  was  once  condemn'd. 

I  but  aftenvards  receiv'd  a  Pardon;  and  is  the  same  Fellow  who 

got  out  of  Norfolk  Prison  som^e  Time  ago,  robb'd  a  Store,  and 
.    retum'd  into  Prison  again,  to  prevent  Suspicion. 


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EXTRACTS  FROM  VIRGINIA  GAZETTE  •  407 

Joseph  Markham,  from  Northumberland,  for  stealing  To- 
bacco, found  Guilty;  and  John  Boah,  for  a  Misdemeanour  in 
receiving  said  Tobacco,  was  iin'd  Forty  Shillings,  and  ordered 
to  be  imprisoned  Six  Months. 

John  Birk,  from  King  George,  for  stealing  300  weight  of  To- 
bacco, found  Guilty. 

John  Ashv/ell.  from  Essex,  for  stealing  Wigs,  &c.,  Guilty. 

Thomas  Smitli,  from  Northumberland,  was  convicted  of  the 
Manslaughter  of  Robert  Knowles. 

William  ManifTee,  from  Spotsylvania  was  indicted  for  Man- 
slaughter, but  acquitted.  ■• 

Thomas  Alley,  from  York,  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

The  Trial  of  George  Catr,  from  Nansemond,  for  the  Murder 
of  Samuel  Milner,  is  continued  to  October. 


May  9,  1751. 

The  Prisoners  who  were  convicted  at  the  Beginning  of  the 
General  Court,  were  brought  to  the  Bar,  on  Tuesday  last,  when, 

Low  Jackson,  for  coining  and  counterfeiting  Double  Double- 
loons,  and  John  Hill,  alias  Scale,  for  Horse-stealing,  were  sen- 
tenced to  die. 

Scale,  who  is  an  old  Offender,  made  a  Petition  to  the  Court, 
before  Sentence  was  pass'd,  desiring  their  Honours  Clemency; 
alledging,  That  tho'  a  Brother  should  sin  Seventy  Times  Seven, 
yet,  on  his  Repentance,  Christianity  obliged  us  to  forgive  him. 

Thomas  Smith,  for  Manslaughter,  John  Ashewell,  John  Birk, 
and  Joseph  Markham,  for  Felony,  were  burnt  in  the  Hand. 


June  13,  1751. 

At  the  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer,  held  here  this  Week, 
Edward  Young,  convicted  of  Felony,  in  stealing  a  Slave,  was 
sentenced  to  die.  Anthony  W^eathered  convicted  of  Felony, 
and  having  had  the  Benefit  of  Clergy,  in  December,  by  the 
Name  of  James  M'Donald,  alias  John  Dolphin,  was  sentenced 
to  die.  Thomas  Ellison,  convicted  of  Felpny,  burnt  in  the 
Hand.  Diana  Ellison,  for  Felony,  acquitted  by  the  Grand 
Jury.  Martha  Little,  for  the  Murder  of  her  Bastard  Child, 
acquitted  by  the  Petit  Jury. 


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408  '••  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  iilti 

August  8. 

Lowe  Jackson,  who  was  condemned  last  General  Court,  for 
Coining  double  Doubleloons,  is  repriev'd  'til  His  Majesty's 
Pleasure  be  known. 

October  11. 

The  following  Prisoners  are  now  in  the  Public  Goal  here;  their 
Trials  will  come  on  before  the  General  Court  on  Wednesday 
next. 

John  Holt,  from  Stafford,  committed  for  a  Felony.  Anne 
Gray,  from  Stafford,  for  a  Felony.  Edward  Stokes,  from  Fred- 
erick, for  Horse-stealing.  Peter  Batesman,  from  Northimiber- 
land,  for  House-breaking;  Henry  Stanworth,  from  York,  for 
Murder;  John  Brown,  from  King  William,  for  stealing  a  Watch; 
Robert  Howies,  from  Hanover,  for  breaking  Goal;  Nicholas 
Demin,  from  Amelia,  for  burning  the  Prison;  Richard  Burk, 
from  Norfolk,  for  Murder;  Day  Thoroughgood,  from  Augusta, 
for  Murder;  Moses  Rawlings,  from  Norfolk,  for  counterfeiting 
the  Current  Coin. 

Oct.  17,  1751. 

At  the  General  Court  held  Yesterday  and  To-day,  the  fol- 
lowing Criminals  were  brought  to  their  Trial,  viz. 

George  Kerr,  from  Norfolk,  for  Murder,  guilty.     Death. 

Richard  Burk,  from  Norfolk,  for  Murder,  acquitted. 

William  Johnson,  from  Spotsylvania,  for  stealing  a  Watch, 
guilty.     Death. 

Anne  Gray,  from  Stafford,  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

John  Brown,  from  King  William,  for  stealing  a  Watch,  ac- 
quitted. 

Henry  Stanworth,  from  York,  for  Murder,  guilty.     Death. 

Edward  Stokes,  from  Frederick,  for  Horse-stealing,  acquitted. 

Nicholas  Demin,  from  Amelia,  for  burning  the  Prison,  guilty. 
Death. 

Robert  Howies,  from  Hanover,  for  breaking  Goal,  imprisoned 
one  Year. 

Moses  Rawlings,  from  Norfolk,  for  counterfeiting  the  Cur- 
rent Coin,  acquitted. 

John  Holt,  from  Stafford,  for  Felony,  guilty. 


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"       .        EXTRACTS  FROM  VIRGINIA  GAZETTE  409 

Oct.  24. 

Virginia,  to  wit.  '  ■ 

At  a  General  Court  held  at  the  Court-house  in  Williamsburg, 

October  the  17th.  1751. 

ORDERED,  That  the  Witnesses  who  shall  for  the  future  be 
summoned  or  bound  to  attend  this  Court  on  the  sixth  Day 
thereof,  on  Behalf  of  His  Majesty,  do,  in  the  morning  of  that 
Day,  before  the  sitting  of  the  Court,  attend  the  Attorney  Gen- 
eral, to  instruct  him  in  forming  Indictments  against  the  Crim- 
inals; and  that  if  they  fail  to  appear  in  Court  on  their  first 
Calling,  no  Certificates  be  granted  them  to  the  General  Assem- 
bly, to  entitle  them  to  their  Allowances  from  the  Publick. 

Dec.  12.  ^ 

At  the  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer,  held  the  10th,  11th,  & 
12th  Instant,  the  following  Criminals  were  brought  to  their 
Trial,  viz. : 

Day  Thoroughgood,  from  Augusta,  for  the  Murder  of  His 
Master  James  Conerley,  guilty.     Death. 

Peter  Bateman,  from  Northumberland,  for  Felony,  in  break- 
ing open  Charles  Campbell's  Store,  guilty.     Death. 

John  Floy,  from  Culpeper,  for  Manslaughter,  burnt  in  the 
hand. 

James  Grainger,  from  King  &  Queen,  for  Felony,  burnt  in  the 
hand. 

Josiah  Harper  and  Christopher  Gume,  from  Norfolk,  for  Fel- 
ony, burnt  in  the  hand. 

Dec.  27,  1751. 

George  Kerr  and  Henry  Stanworth,  condemned  for  Murder, 
at  the  General  Court  in  October,  were  executed  on  Friday  last. 

January  10,  1751-2.  .  ; 

This  day  Peter  Bateman  for  Felony,  and  Day  Thoroughgood 
for  Murder,  condemned  at  the  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer 
in  December  last,  were  executed  in  this  City. 


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410  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE.  .  , 

April  30,  1752. 

The  following  Persons,  indicted  for  Felony,  were  brought  to 
their  Trials,  before  the  General  Court,  on  the  16th  and  17th 
Instant,  viz. : 

Peter  McGuire,  from  Spotsylvania,  acquitted. 

Henry  Todd,  from  Glocester,  guilty. 

Thomas  Wenwick,  from  Prince  William,  guilty. 

Hannah  Hopkins,  from  York,  guilty;  but  since  pardoned. 

William  Hoomes,  from  King  William,  acquitted. 

Ambrose  Bucker,  from  Culpepper,  for  Murder,  acquitted. 

Hamill  Moore,  from  Essex,  for  a  Cheat,  was  found  guilty; 
and  stood  in  the  Pillory  one  Hour,  having  a  Paper,  on  which 
was  wrote  FORGERY,  fi.x'd  to  his  Breast. 

The  Trial  of  William  Flannakin,  from  Hanover,  for  a  Rape, 
was  put  off,  'til  June  Court,  the  Evidences  against  him  not 
appearing. 

George  Smith,  and  John  Shockley,  for  Horse-stealing,  were 
Out-law'd. 


May  15,  1752. 

A  Person  who  calls  himself  by  the  Name  of  John  Keef,  and 
has  lived  in  this  City  for  some  Months  past,  as  a  Painter,  having 
offered  to  dispose  of  three  Dublin  Bank  Notes,  of  considerable 
Value,  to  a  Gentleman,  it  was  suspected  from  several  Circum- 
stances, that  he  did  not  come  honestly  by  them.  Information 
being  made  to  the  Governor,  His  Honour  ordered  Search  to  be 
made  for  the  said  Bills,  which  were  found  at  the  said  Keef's 
Lodgings,  as  also  His  Majesty's  Commission  to  Paul  Leonard 
Craddock,  Coronet  of  the  Scotch  Greys,  under  the  Earl  of  Stair, 
signed  Carteret.  Keef  being  out  of  Town,  a  Messenger  was 
sent  for  him,  who  retum'd  with  him  the  next  Day,  and  he  is 
now  confined  in  the  Public  Goal.  One  of  the  Bills  is  for  £50G 
payable  to  Miss  Catherine  O'Brien,  or  Bearer,  signed  by  Rich- 
ard Brewer,  for  John  Wilcox  and  John  Dawson,  the  other  two 
Bills,  one  of  which  is  for  £506  and  the  other  for  £500  are  signed 
in  the  same  Manner,  and  payable  to  the  Bearer,  all  dated  at 
Dublin,  in  1749. 


•''19 

EXTRACTS  FROM  VIEGINIAGAZETTE    '  411 

Keef  came  to  Virginia,  sometime  in  the  Year  1750,  in  the 
Dutchess  of  Queensbury,  Capt.  Dixon,  as  an  indented  Sen-ant. 
He  told  the  Ship's  Company  when  he  came  on  Board,  that  he 
was  an  Officer  in  the  Army,  that  he  was  going  to  be  married 
to  a  young  Lady,  Miss  Catherine  O'Brien,  but  some  of  her  Re- 
lations interposing,  he  wounded  one  of  them,  and  was  obHged 
to  fly,  a  Reward  of  £500  being  offered  for  apprehending  him. 
On  his  examination,  he  made  no  other  Defence,  than  insisting 
that  the  Bills  were  his  Property,  having  received  them  of  Miss 
O'Brien,  for  a  valuable  Consideration.  He  is  a  Man  of  a  middle 
Stature,  very  much  pock-fretted,  stammers  in  his  Speech,  and 
has  a  down  Look;  as  it  is  not  doubted,  he  used  some  unlav/ful 
Means  to  procure  these  Bills,  'tis  hoped  the  Truth  of  the  whole 
Affair  will  come  to  Light,  before  his  Releasment. 


June  12,  1752. 

At  the  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer,  which  began  on  Tuesday 
last,  the  following  Persons  were  brought  to  their  Trials,  viz. : 

John  Trotman  and  John  Sparks,  for  the  Murder  of  James 
Fox,  guilty.     Death. 

William  Flannagin,  for  a  Rape,  acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Abigail  Bennet,  for  Felony,  acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Owen  Flooker,  for  a  Rape,  acquitted  by  the  Petit  Jury  and 
bound  to  his  good  Behaviour  for  Seven  Years. 

Randall  Gibson,  for  Felony,  burnt  in  the  Hand. 

Henry  Bates,  for  Felony,  burnt  in  the  Hand. 

July  3,  1752. 

On  Wednesday  last  John  Sparks  confin'd  in  the  Public  Goal, 
under  Sentence  of  Death,  for  the  Murder  of  James  Fox,  con- 
triv'd  to  saw  off  his  Irons  in  the  Day  Time,  and  at  Night,  as 
soon  as  the  Coaler  open'd  the  Prison  Door,  knock'd  him  down 
with  a  Quart  Bottle,  and  made  his  Escape.  He  was  .appre- 
hended Yesterday  Evening,  and  brought  to  Town  this  Morning, 
and  to  prevent  a  Possibility  of  his  escaping  the  Justice  his  Crime 
deserv'd,  was  this  Day  executed  at  the  Callous.  He  confessed 
him.self  guilty  of  the  Murder,  but  entirely  acquitted  James  Trot- 
man, who  was  sentenc'd  with  him  at  the  same  Time,  and  whose 
Execution  is  respited. 


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412  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

July  10. 

A  few  Days  ago,  a  fine  Negroe  Man  Slave,  imported  in  one  of 
the  late  Ships  from  Africa,  belonging  to  a  Wheelwright,  near 
this  City,  taking  Notice  of  his  Master's  giving  another  Correc- 
tion for  a  Misdemeanor,  went  to  a  Grindstone  and  making  a 
Kjiife  sharp  cut  his  own  Throat,  and  died  on  the  Spot. 


August  21. 

Sometime  last  Month,  a  Negro  Fellow  belonging  to  ^Ir.  Tun- 
stall  Hacke,  of  Northumberland  County,  while  his  Master  was 
asleep,  went  into  his  Chamber  in  the  Night,  and  with  an  Intent 
to  murder  him.  He  carried  with  him  a  broad  Ax  and  struck 
him  a  Blow  with  it  on  the  Left  Shoulder  and  Arm,  by  v/hich  he 
is  very  much  wounded,  but  his  Life  is  in  no  Danger.  He  im- 
mediately made  his  Escape,  and  has  not  yet  been  heard  of. 
His  Honour  the  Governor  has  issued  a  Hue  and  Cry  against 
him,  directed  to  the  Sheriffs  of  the  several  Counties;  and,  'tis 
hoped  their  Endeavours  will  not  be  wanting  to  bring  the  Villain 
to  Justice. 


October  19,  1752. 

At  the  General  Court  held  on  Monday  and  Tuesday  last  the 
following  Criminals  were  brought  to  their  Trials,  \dz. : 

Henr>'^  Bates,  from  King  William,  for  Felony.     Guilty. 

Moses  Thomson,  from  Frederick,  for  Horse-stealing,  guilty. 
Death. 

James  Wright,  and  Anne  his  Wife  from  Henrico  for  Felony, 
acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Simon  Baylcy,  from  King  William,  for  Felony,  acquitted  by 
the  Grand  Jury. 

Zebulon  Hollingsworth,  from  Frederick,  for  Murder,  ac- 
quitted by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Thomas  Kelly,  from  Fairfax,  for  shooting  Thomas  Davis, 
a  notorious  Robber  and  Horsc-stealer,  acquitted  by  the  Petit 
Jury. 


•Of.  ^6\ 


EXTRACTS  FROM  VIRGINIA  GAZETTE        *"•  413 

Dec.  8.    "^  '''"''  '  "     '' 

Last  Friday  Night  about  11  o'clock,  the  Play-House  in  this 
City  was  broke  open  by  one  White  Man  and  two  Negroes,  who 
violently  assaulted  and  wounded  Patrick  Maloney,  Sen^ant  to 
the  Company,  by  knocking  him  down,  and  throwing  him  upon 
the  Iron-Spikes,  one  of  which  run  into  his  Leg,  by  which  be 
hung  for  a  Considerable  Time,  till  he  was  relieved  by  som-e 
Negroes.  The  Villains  that  perpetrated  this  horrid  Fact  es- 
caped, but  a  Reward  is  offered  for  apprehending  them,  and  as 
the  aforesaid  Patrick  Maloney  continues  dangerously  ill  of  his 
Wounds,  it  is  hoped  they  will  be  taken  and  brought  to  Justice. 


Dec.  15. 

At  the  Court  of  Oyer  &  Terminer,  begun  on  Tuesday  last,  the 
following  Criminals  were  brought  to  their  Trials,  viz. : 

Alexander  Gauling,  for  robbing  on  the  Highway,  guilty. 
Death. 

John  Clifton,  for  Felony,  in  picking  a  Pocket,  guilty.     Death. 

Thomas  Aubery,  alias  Smith,  for  Horse-stealing,  guilty. 
Death. 

John  Robinson,  for  Felony,  pleaded  guilty.  Burnt  in  the 
hand. 

William  Coulter,  for  Murder,  acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Thomas  Lester,  for  Felony,  acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 

Tomkins  Marter,  for  Felony,  acquitted  by  the  Grand  Jury. 


The  Virginia  Gazette  in  J.  H.  Univ.  Lib.  contains:  Feb.  28, 
1755;  May  7  to  28  complete;  Apr.  4,  etc.,  April  complete; 
May  9;  Sept.  5;  May  16,  23;  Sept.  12,  14,  26;  Oct.  3,  etc., 
complete;  Nov.  7,  14. 


"Virginia,  February  4,  1755. 

As  a  Person,  pretending  to  be  the  Son  of  the  late  Duke  of 

Wirtemberg,  and  in  holy  Orders,  and  taking  upon  himself  the 

Names  and  Titles  of  Carolus,  Ludovicus,  Rudolphus,  Wirteni- 

berg,  princeps,  A.  M.,  M.  D.,  hath  obtained  the  Liberty,  ac- 


/:j 


jj^-3ci-'-'.i    ^u.    ,a:l 


9(14  iii  itnvQ. 


rirfoi 


n< 


■  >i 


414  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.   .  ;   , 

cording  to  his  Report,  of  preaching  in  several  Churches  within 
this  Dominon.  This  is  to  give  Notice,  to  all  Ministers  and 
others,  That  the  said  Person  is  an  Impostor.  Ke  is  a  short, 
middle  aged  Man,  a  most  notorious  Liar,  and  affects  to  speak 
broken  English.  In  order  therefore  to  put  a  stop  to  this,  and 
the  like  shameful  Irregularities  for  the  future,  His  Honor  the 
Governor  hereby  strictly  charges,  and  commands  all  ministers, 
or  in  their  Absence  the  church  Wardens,  not  to  allow  a  Stranger, 
or  an  itinerant  Preacher,  under  any  Pretence  whatever,  to 
officiate  in  their  churches,  or  Chapels,  unless  they  have  prev- 
iously qualified  themselves,  as  the  Constitutions  and  canons 
of  the  Chiu-ch  of  England  and  the  Law  of  this  Country  expressly 
provide. 

By  Order  of  the  Governor 

N.  Walthoe,  CI.  Con. 


Feb.  28,  1755. 
Edmund  Pendleton  has  been  easy  in  collecting  fees  from 

clients,  now  needs  money,  having  engaged on  account 

of  Mr.  Thomas  Wild.  The  funds  appointed  by  him  for  my 
Security  being  slow  as  well  as  deficient,  I  am  obliged  not  only 
to  submit  to  be  publicly  insulted  on  account  of  those  Engage- 
>  ,  ;  .  .  ments,  but  am  Threatened  with  Suits  on  that  account.  Asks 
those  owing  him  to  pay  next  April  Court. 


Mar.  7-55. 

Speech  of  Gov.  Glen  of  So.  Car.,  Nov.  13,  1754  to  Gen. 
Abccn  .1  ly  there. 

Urges  defence  against  Frencli  ai;d  Indians  "For,  not  only  our 
Country,  but  our  Constitution  is  worth  contending  for.  We 
enjoy  the  happiest  and  most  perfect  Frame  of  Government  in 
the  World;  it  is  the  Envy  of  all  Nations;  the  Language  of  all 
Nations  is,  Who  would  not  be  a  Briton?  By  this  Constitution, 
this  Colony,  from  small  Beginnings,  has,  in  a  short  Space  of 
Time,  become  very  considerable,  and  higlily  beneficial  to  Great 
Britain.  When  our  Fathers  came  from  thence  to  settle  here, 
they  brought  the  Laws  of  their  Mother-Country  as  their  Birth- 


M 


MSO  oi  t(^\l  M  .vn/1 


EXTRACTS  FROM  VIRGINIA   GAZETTE  '"  416 

right,  and  a  glorious  Inheritance  they  are.  They  brought  ^\ath 
them  that  inestimable  Jewel,  the  Privilege  of  enacting  Laws  for 
their  good  Government  &  without  which  they  could  have  made 
no  Progress;  this  Privilege  I  hope  we  shall  ever  possess,  in  the 
same  pure  Manner  we  do  at  present." 


Procl.  of  Dinwiddie  forbidding  illegal  trade  with  French. 
No  flour,  bread,  pork  or  beef  to  be  allowed  out  in  any  ship  clear- 
ing at  the  customs. 

Runaway  negro  from  Wm.  Skipwith,  Brandon,  Pr.  Geo.  Co., 
took  a  grey  mare.     Reward. 


P'eb.  28—2  negroes,  runawaj^s,  in  Surry  Co.  goal,  sent  to 
public  goal,  WilHamsburg. 

Mar.  21— Horse  race  at  York— 4  mile  heats  best  2  in  3— car- 
rying 135  lbs. — Purse  of  67  pistoles. 

Mar.  24— Philadelphia,  Mar.  11— Public  desired  to  beware 
of  counterfeit  milled  pieces  of  eight  exceedingly  well  done— date 
1754— have  Philip  instead  of  Ferdinand  on  them. 

Mar.  24— Runaway  negro  from  Saml.  DuVal's  plantation, 
Flat  Rock  Creek,  Lunenburg  Co.,  negro  named  Porringer, 
speaks  pretty  good  English— has  been  in  country  3  yrs. 


Apr.  4-55. 

Run  away,  Irish  servant  man,  John  D'Anvers— pretends  to 

be  barber-surgeon— age  30— pitted  with  small-pox— rode  off 
on  a  brown  mare — signv;d,  Robt.  Lyon,  Wmsbg. 


Apr.  11. 

Ran  away  from  Tavemer  Beal,  Orange  Co.,  "a  Servant  man, 
named  Michall  Weston,  bom  in  Yorkshire,  age  23,  pitted  with 
small-pox."  He  came  in  as  a  Book-keeper  but  has  served  as  a 
School-master.  Took  a  bay  horse — had  on  a  white  fustian 
coat  with  metal  buttons,  fore  parts  of  his  jacket  uncut  Velvet, 


jj'jj :  ,:'j  J: 


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416  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  4?? 

hind  parts  red  callimanco,  leather  breaches,  brown  wig,  new 
castor  hat  and  a  ruffled  shirt — supposed  to  have  made  towards 
the  shipping — 5  pistoles  reward  (12  outside  colony). 

Ran  away  from  Francis  Tomkies,  Gloucester  Co.,  March  last 
"a  Conicut  Servant  man,  named  John  Sniley" — was  a  plow 
hand,  age  27,  bom  in  Yorkshire — went  away  with  a  Convict 
Servant  maid  of  Mr.  Warner  Lewis's,  "who  he  let  out  of  prison." 
He  is  a  malster  by  profession. 

Horse  stolen  from  stable  near  Wmsbg.  Matthew  Shields 
will  give  34  pistole  reward,  or  1  pistole  on  connection  of  Thief. 


Apr.  18-55. 

On  Wednesday  and  Thursday  last,  the  following  Criminals 
were  brought  to  their  Trials,  viz.: 

John  Turner,  from  Sussex  for  Murder,  guilty.     Death. 

Mary  Murray,  alias  Clark,  alias  Atkins,  her  former  sentence 
ordered  to  be  put  in  Execution. 

Eleanor  Feltom,  from  Norfolk,  for  Felony  acquitted. 

Stephen  Hutchings,  from  ditto,  or  Bigamy,    acquitted. 

George  Carter,   from  Stafford,  for  Felony,   acquitted,   but 
bound  to  his  good  Behaviour. 

John   Eraser  and   William   Thompson,    from   Stafford,    for 
Felony,  convicted. 

Robert  Hamilton,  from  Augusta,  for  Murder,  acquitted. 

Alexander  Rigsby,   from  Essex,   for   Murder,   convicted  of 
Manslaughter. 

William  Ritch,  from  Culpeper,  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

Peter  Ridgeway  (a  Convict)  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

Bridget  Huggins,  from  James  City,  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

Judith  Bird,  from  York,  for  Felony,  convicted. 

Thomas  Jackson  and  Joseph  Gaby,  for  Felony,  acquitted, 
i    Susanna  Bamett,  from  Albemarle,  for  Felony,  acquitted. 

(To  be  Continued) 


3W 


aoa 


V>  . 


NOTES   AND   QUERIES.    .  4l7 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Brodnax  Family — Evidence  from  a  Chancery  Suit. 

[We  are  indebted  to  Dr.  John  W.  Brodnax,  of  the  Medical  College  of 
Virginia  for  the  copies  of  papers  in  an  English  Chancery  suit  which  are 
printed  below.  These  papers  not  only  make  clear  the  English  ancestry 
of  the  Virginia  family  of  Brodnax,  but  show  the  character  of  the  genea- 
logical information  contained  in  the  vast  mass  of  Chancery  records  in 
England]. 

Major  John  Brodnax  came  to  Virginia  and  settled  in  York  County 
about  the  middle  of  the  Seventeenth  Century.  His  will,  as  of  the  parish 
county  of  York,  was  dated  July  21,  1657  and  proved  March  6,  1657(8). 
He  gives  his  wife  Dorothy  silver  plate;  to  his  son  John  Brodnax  a  gold 
ring  with  this  motto  "Thinke  on  thy  end  and  also  the  life  and  death  of 
thy  friend;"  to  daughter  Elizabeth  Brodnax  "My  Bible  book  and  my 
Eare  ring  with  a  Dyamant  in  itt;"  to  his  youngest  sons  William  and 
Robert  Brodnax  gold  rings.  Bequests  to  eldest  son  Thomas,  and  to 
son  John  then  living  with  Mr.  Joseph  King  in  "Gratious"  [GracechurchI 
Street  [London].  Son  Thomas,  to  be  sent  home  to  England  to  Mr. 
Thomas  Turget  in  London.  Various  other  bequests  to  his  wife  and 
children.  Robert  Baldey  and  Edward  Baxter  overseers  of  his  will. 
The  inventory  of  his  personal  estate  included,  three  periwigs,  one  rapier 
and  belt,  five  broadcloth  suits,  slippers,  ribbons,  &c. 

The  pedigree  of  Brodnax  in  Berry's  Kent,  p.  126,  shows  Thomas  Brod- 
nax, Esq.  of  Godmersham,  Kent,  who  died  1658  (and  who  was  6th  in 
descent  from  Robert  Brodnax  living  temp.  Henry  V)  married  Elizabeth 
Taylor  and  had  issue:  (1)  Thomas  of  Godmersham,  Esq.  who  died  1667; 
(2)  Robert,  died  1673;  (3)  John  married  Dorothy — [the  emigrant  to  Vir- 
ginia]; and  four  daughters.  The  same  pedigree  states  that  John  and 
Dorothy  Brodnax  had  issue  (1)  Thomas;  (2)  John;  (3)  William;  (4) 
Robert;  (5)  Elizabeth;  (6)  Martha. 

In  a  Brodnax  family  Bible  brought  to  Virginia,  and  now  in  possession 
of  Mrs.  W.  S.  Roulhac,  Spray,  N.  C,  are  the  following  entries:  "William 
Brodnax  was  born  Feb.  28,  1675,  the  youngest  son  of  Robert  Brodnax, 
goldsmith  in  Holborn,  London.  He  was  born  at  Godmersham,  in  Kent." 
William  Brodnax  emigrated  to  Virginia,  and  dying  Feb.  16,  1727  left  the 
Bible  to  his  eldest  son.  John  Brodnax,  older  brother  of  Wm.  Brodnax, 
was  born  in  1668,  and  also  settled  in  Virginia.  For  accounts  of  the  family 
see  Wm.  &•  Mary  Quarterly,  XIV,  52-59,  135-139.  The  following  chart 
will  show  the  relationship  of  the  people  referred  to: 


\n 


at 


f.Ai 


418  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  -,  ^(i 

Thomas  Broadnax=Elizabeth  Taylor 


Thoma£= Jane  James       Robert=Eliz.  Curteis       Major  John=Dorothy 

I  d.  s.  p.  of  Va.,  d.  I 

Sir  William,  Knt.=Mary  Digges  1657 


William,  of  Godsmersham  |~~     ~" — |  — 

died,  1726  Robert= Tolin= 

Goldsmith  I  I 


,  John 


William,  John=Ruth  

(■  emigrated  to  Va.  | 

■'.'■,  John 

Abstract  of  Chancery  Suit  Entitled  Brodnax  versus  Gibbon. 

(Bundle  486,  No.  46-Bridges),  in  the  Public  Record  Office,  Chancel 
Lane,  London,  England. 

13  April,  1676 

Robert  Gibbon  of  Middle  Temple,  London,  Esq.  That  Robert  Brod- 
NA.x  of  THE  Parish  of  St.  Andrew,  Holborn,  London,  Goldsmith. 
Did  Declare  and  affirm  to  your  Orator  that  Robert  Brodnax,  late  of  the 
Town  of  Tenterden,  in  the  county  of  Kent,  was  in  his  life  time  seized  in 
fee  of  a  messuage  called  Cold  Harbour  Farm  with  three  score  and  ten 
acres  in  the  parishes  of  Tenterden  and  Rowcnden  and  all  those  parcels 
of  land  in  the  Hundred  of  Tenterden  heretofore  purchased  by  the  said 
Robert  Brodnax  of  one  Free-gift  Boome  of  the  parishof  Biddenden,  Kent. 
All  that  messuage  containing  one  acre  called  Claverings,  situated  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Nicholas,  Harbledon,  Kent,  and  all  that  parcel  of  land  con- 
taining four  acres  planted  with  cherry  trees  and  known  by  the  name  of 
Harbledon  Hill  in  the  said  parish  and  of  and  in  a  piece  of  land  called 
Pcnnylesse  Bench  containing  tv/o  acres  in  the  said  parish,  and  two 
pieces  of  fresh  marsh  containing  nineteen  acres  in  the  parish  of  Snave  in 
Romney  Marsh,  and  a  piece  of  fresh  marsh  containing  ten  acres  in  the 
parish  of  Newchurch,  and  a  piece  of  fresh  marsh  containing  fifteen  acres 
in  the  said  parish,  and  one  other  piece  of  fresh  marsh  containing  three 
acres  in  the  said  parish,  and  one  piece  of  fresh  marsh  in  the  said  parish 
and  all  those  three  pieces  of  fresh  marsh  in  the  same  parish  containing 
seventeen  acres,  and  of,  and  in  several  messuages  &c.  in  said  county  of 
Kent.  That  the  said  Robert  Brodnax,  late  of  Tenterden  was  a  near 
kinsman  of  him  being  his  father's  brother  and  that  he  had  a  great  love 
and  kindness  for  him,  and  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  (of  Holborn)  did 
affirm  to  your  Orator  that  the  better  to  express  his  affection  to  him  the 
said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Tenterden  being  so  seized  did  on  the  10th  of 
July,  1073  make  his  last  will  and  Testament  in  these  words  "I  Robert 
Brodnax  of  the  Town  and  Hundred  of  Tenterden,  Co.  Kent  gent,  x  x  I 
bequeath  all  my  messuage  etc.  called  Cold  Harbour  Farm  with  three 
score  and  Ten  acres  in  the  parishes  of  Rowenden  and  Tenterden  Co. 


\cii 


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4>)  ■-  ..•    • 

NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  "419 

Kent  to  my  nephew  Robert  Brodnax,  son  of  my  brother  John  Brodnax, 
deceased  to  him  and  his  heirs  for  ever.  The  better  to  satisfy  my  debts, 
legacies  &c.  I  give  to  my  nephew  Robert  Brodnax  all  my  three  parcels 

of  land  &c.,  &c.,  as  above To  my  sister,  Dame  Sarah  Howell 

6  pounds.  To  my  niece  Elizabeth  Brodnax  daughter  of  my  said  brother 
John  Brodnax  100  pounds  to  be  paid  by  my  said  nephew  Robert  Brodnax. 
To  my  brother's  and  sister's  children  10  shillings  a  piece.  To  my  god- 
son Gilbert  Knowler  one  gelding  colt.     To  the  poor  of  the  parish  of  Ten- 

terden    5    pounds Elizabeth    Brodnax,    my    wife    (deceased) 

daughter  and  sole  heir  of  John  Curleys  of  Woodchurch,  gent,  deceased. 
Robert  Brodnax,  executor.  "That  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Ten- 
terden  on  the  22nd.  February,  1673  died  so  seized  whereby  the  said 
premises  are  vested  in  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Holbom.  That  the 
said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Holbom  did  affirm  to  your  Orator  that  the  said 
Cold  Harbour  Farm  and  Hodge  Park  lands  in  Tenterden  and  Rowenden 
aforesaid  are  worth  40  pounds  per  annum  and  the  better  to  evince  the 
same  by  indenture  dated  2nd.  October,  1G75  let  the  same  to  John  Har- 
man  the  present  tenant  at  the  yearly  rent  of  46  pounds.  And  the  said 
Robert  Brodnax  did  declare  to  your  Orator  that  the  aforesaid  premises 
were  in  no  way  liable  with  any  charges  &c.,  other  than  one  indenture 
or  demise  by  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  the  testator  to  Dame  Sarah  Howell 
of  Cold  Harbour  Farm  aforesaid  for  a  term  of  years  yet  to  come.  That 
your  Orator  relying  on  the  said  declarations  was  induced  to  make  an 
agreement  with  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Holbom  for  the  purchasing 
of  said  lands  in  Tenterden  and  Rowenden,  and  about  the  16th.  December, 
1675  your  Orator  did  agree  with  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  for  the  purchase 
thereof  and  for  the  assignation  of  the  said  morgage  made  to  the  said 
Dame  Sarah  Howell  for  the  sum  of  600  pounds.  Notwithstanding  which 
the  said  Robert  Brodnax,  combining  with  William  Brodnax  Esq.  who 
doth  affirm  himselph  to  be  son  and  heir  of  Sir  William  Brodnax,  Knight, 
who  was  one  of  the  sons  of  Thomas  Brodnax  who  was  eldest  brother  of 
the  said  Robert  Brodnax  the  testator  deceased  and  Robert  Brodnax  who 
affirmeth  himself  to  be  one  of  the  sons  of  the  said  Thomas  Brodnax  and 
John  Brodnax  who  likewise  affinneth  that  he  is  the  son  of  John  Brodnax 
who  was  the  son  of  John  Brodnax  and  second  brother  of  the  said  Robert 
the  testator  do  endeavor  to  prevent  the  said  premises  from  being  con- 
veyed to  your  Orator,  sometimes  giving  out  in  speeches  that  the  said 
William,  Robert,  and  John  or  one  of  them  is  or  are  heirs  at  law  the  said 
Robert  the  testator  or  that  they  have  a  right  to  the  said  premises  accord- 
ing to  the  custom  of  Gavelkind  they  denying  the  validity  of  the  will. 

Answer  of  Robert  Brodnax,  of  the  parish  of  St.  Andrew,  Holbom, Lon- 
don, Goldsmith. 

30  May,  1676. 
It  is  true  that  this  defendant  did  declare  that  Robert  Brodnax  late 
of  Tenterden  was  seized  of  the  said  premises  and  that  the  said  Robert 


•mij,._v  .  rut}  iij  .x^icfwtH  I 

.1 


l»V-_j--i  L  ha  '-1'  -■^■.     ■-";-  »•■         •    .  •■  'J*   -••','   ■'      •     ■■'.  •"■•■-   roi'-j-j), 


420  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  UAQAZINE.  A21 

Brodnax  was  this  defendant's  Kinsman  that  is  this  defendant's  father's 
brother.  That  defendant  is  willing  on  receipt  of  purchase  money  and 
completion  of  conveyance  to  deliver  up  to  complainant  all  deeds,  writings 
etc.     Denies  that  he  said  the  testator  was  insane  on  making  his  will. 

Answer  of  John  Brodnax,  an  infant  imder  the  age  of  21  by  Ruth  Brodnax 

widow,  his  mother.  .,.    .  .^ 

31  May,  1676. 

That  it  is  true  that  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  of  Tenterden,  this  defend- 
amt's  great  uncle  was  seized  of  the  said  messuages  and  that  the  said  Robert 
Brodnax  deceased  was  this  defendant's  father's  uncle  and  this  defendant's 
great  uncle.  Does  not  know  that  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  made  any 
will.  Saith  it  is  true  that  this  defendant's  is  son  and  heir  of  John  Brod- 
nax deceased  and  that  the  said  John  Brodnax  this  defendant's  late  father 
was  one  of  the  sons  of  John  Brodnax  deceased  this  defendant's  late 
grandfather,  and  that  this  defendant's  grandfather  was  brother  of  the 
said  Robert  Brodnax  deceased  and  this  defendant  is  one  of  the  co-heirs 
at  law  of  the  said  Robert  and  is  entitled  to  his  share  under  the  custom 
of  Gavelkind. 

Answer  of  William  Brodnax,  an  infant  under  the  age  of  21,  by  Thomas 

Twiner  his  guardian. 

That  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  was  this  defendant's  father's  uncle  and 
this  defendant's  grandfather's  brother.  Does  not  know  if  the  said 
Robert  Brodnax  made  any  will.  That  this  defendant  is  son  and  heir 
of  Sir  William  Brodnax,  knight,  deceased,  who  was  one  of  the  sons  of 
Thomas  Brodnax  deceased,  and  the  said  Thomas  Brodnax  was  eldest 
brother  of  the  said  Robert  Brodnax  and  this  defendant  is  one  of  the  co- 
heirs at  law  according  to  the  custom  of  Gavelkind. 

*This  abstract  of  the  Chancery  Suit,  "Gibbon  versus  Brodnax"  shows 
that  Major  John  Brodnax  who  died  in  Virginia  in  1657  (will  recorded  in 
York  Co.)  was  the  father  of  Robert  Brodnax,  goldsmith  of  Holbom, 
London,  and  grandfather  of  John  and  William  from  whom  all  the  Brod- 
naxs  of  Virginia  descended.  Major  Jolin  Brodnax  was  2nd.  son  of  Thomas 
Brodnax,  called  "Generosus"  of  Godmersham  Park,  Kent  Co.,  Eng., 
born  1565,  died  1659,  and  uncle  of  Sir  William  Brodnax  to  whom  God- 
mersham descended.  A  pedigree  carrying  the  Brodnax  family  many 
generations  back  of  this  Thomas  Brodnax  may  be  found  in  Berry's  Visi- 
tation of  Kent." 


h 


idi  t9bau  Ji7ii\v 


'*■  NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  '  •  >'  421 

Harrison  Papers. 

Mrs.  W.  W.  Richardson,  Hampton,  Va.,  has  a  number  of  old  Harrison 
papers  which  have  descended  in  her  family  and  to  her  from  her 
grandfather  Wm.  Henry  Harrison  of  "Bicars,"  Prince  George  County, 
who  was  a  son  of  Robert  Harrison. 

Following  are  abstracts  of  some  of  the  papers: 

At  a  Crowwall  Court  held  at  James  City  the  19th  of  October  1691— 
Preform — Francis  Nicholson,  Esqr. — 

Lt.  Gouevnour —  .  ^.,;^  ,-.     .  •• 

Wm.  Cole,  Esq-Secty  Christopher  Wormley,  Esq.       ,x ;  i 

Wm.  Byrd,  Esq.  Edward  Hill,  Esq.  r    . 

John  Lear,  Esq. 

Capt.  James  Biss  and  Sarah  his  wife,  having  had  liberty  to  traverse 
the  office  of  Escheat  of  four  hundred  seventy  and  an  half  acres  of  Land 
found  to  Escheat  to  their  most  sacred  Maj —  from  James  Waradine  and 

it  appearing  that  William  Barker, whom claimed  had  sold  all 

right  of  the  patent  of  the  Land  in  differance  to  the  said  Warradiue,  it  is 
the  opinion  of  this  Court  that  the  said  Waradine  had  an  Estate  in  fee 
Simple  in  the  said  Land  &  therefore  adjudged  that  the  right  of  the  said 
Land  is  in  Our  Sovereign  Lord  and  Lady  the  King  and  Queen. 

— R.  Beverley — 

Memorandums  taken  from  the  several  Papers  Delivered  in  the  Parcels 
of  my  Land  called  Bicars  formerly  Charles  City  County  but  now  Prince 
George  Containing  ilO}.^  Acres.  Notes  collected  this  25th  of  Feb'ry 
Anno  Domi  1743. 

1.  The  Land  called  Bicars  was  first  granted  to  one  Thom^  Mathews 
in  the  year  1641  and  surveyed  for  him  by  Math.  Gough,  but  lost  by  this 
Mathews  for  want  of  seating. 

2.  After  this  Land  was  lost  by  Matthews  it  was  granted  to  one  James 
Warradine  by  Sr.  William  Berkeley,  Governor  of  this  Colony  by  Patent 
bearing  Date  Sth  of  July  1647,  which  Grant  mentions  this  Land  being 
formerly  Granted  to  Matthews  and  allows  the  Piatt  made  by  Matthew 
Gough  in  1041  to  be  the  true  boimds. 

3.  It  appears  from  a  copy  of  a  Verd't,  of  a  Jury  that  there  was  an  In- 
clusive Patent  Granted  by  this  James  Warredine  for  1070^  Acres  of 
Land  which  grant  bears  date  18th  March  1662. 

4.  It  appears  that  this  Land  called  Bicars  was  granted  by  an  Escheat 
Patent  to  Capt.  John  Stith,  Junr.  the  29th  of  Aprile  Anno  Domini  1692, 
v/hich  said  grant  mentions  the  Quantity  of  470H  Acres  &  that  it  was 
formerly  the  Land  of  James  Warradine  as  above  mentioned. 

5.  This  Capt.  Jno.  Stith  lived  in  Charles  City  at  a  place  called  the 
Indian  Fields  and  left  two  Sons  and  one  daughter  Vizt.  John,  William 
and   Elizabeth.     /'Aforementioned   Land  called   Bicars   he  gave   to  his 


j««^ 


422  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGA'^INE.  *'" 

youngest  son  William,  of  whom  I  bought  it  as  appears  by  Deed  dated 
llth  of  Sept.  1733,  proved  in  Prince  George  Court. 

Berkley  Feb'ry  21st,  1743. 
'  Benje.  Harrison. 

This  Indenture  made  this  eleventh  day  of  September  in  the  fourth  year 
of  our  Sovereign  Lord  King  George  the  Second,  and  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  thirty  and  three,  between  William 
Stith  of  William  and  Mary  College,  Clerk  of  the  one  Part  and  Benjamin 
Harrison  of  the  Parish  of  Westover  in  Charles  City  County,  Gent,  of  the 
other  Part,  Witnesseth,  that  the  said  William  Stith  for  and  in  considera- 
tion of  the  sum  of  one  hundred  and  seventy  pounds  Sterling  money  of 
England  to  him  in  hand,  paid  by  this  said  Benjamin  Harrison.  The 
receipt  whereof  the  said  William  Stith  doth  hereby  confess  and  acknow- 
ledge and  for  divers  other  good  causes  and  considerations,  him  thereunto 

moving,  &c.,  &c.,  &c. confirm  unto  this  said  Benjamin  Harrison  his 

Heirs  and  Assigns  forever — Parcel  of  Land  containing  470  acres  more 
or  less  commonly  known  by  the  name  of  Bicars  or  Cureton — &c.,  &c. 
This  being  signed  by  Mr.  Wm.  Stith  with  seal,  and  Deed  to  Colo.  Benja. 
Harrison  Sept.  llth,  1733. 

In  1760 — Bargain  and  Sale  and  agreed  by  the  parties  before  signing 
the  Within  Deed  that  the  said  Benj.  Harrison  is  only  to  Warrant  a  title 
to  the  said  Harrison  for  all  his  Lands  called  Bycars  and  Curetons  as  they 
are  now  held  by  the  two  pattents  by  the  said  Benjamin,  without  his  being 
obliged  to  bind  any  certain  quantity  of  Land  as  Witness  our  hands  this 
19th  day  Nov.  1760. 

Signed 

Benj.  Harrison 
Robert  Harrison 

Plat  made  of  land  containing  150  acres  made  March  29th,  1682,  showing 
boundary  line  and  compass — Made  by  Richard  Ligon. 

Memorandum  that  Wm.  Barker  agrees  that  James  Warradine  shall 
hold  and  enjoy  all  the  Land  at  Bicars  or  Bycars,  being  600  acres  of  land 
or  thereabouts.  Warradine  paying  2000  pounds  of  good  and  well  con- 
detioned  leaf  Tobacco  on  the  10th  of  Oct.,  and  2000  pounds  of  the  like 
Tobbo.  on  the  10th  day  of  November,  which  shall  be  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  1646. 

At  a  Court  holden  at  Westopher,  April  3rd,  Anno  1647,  Charles  City 
County. 

Bill  of  Sale  from  Benjamin  Harrison  for  consideration  of  the  sum  of 
Forty-five  Pounds  Current  Money  for  two  negro  slaves  named  Dido  & 
Ned,  unto  Robert  Harrison  and  his  Heirs  forever,  llth  Day  of  June  1736. 
Signed  by 

Benj.  Harrison 

Capt.  Robert  Harrison  of  the  62nd  Regt.,  P.  G.  Militia,  commanded 
Fort  Powhatan  in  the  War  of  1812.     Payroll,  signers  names  and  witnesses. 


.  I   W/riofillti 


iiiDnthi"    "'    '  i»d<^oJ|a.' 


.       MOTES   AND  QUERIES.  .;  423 

Some  Records  Relating  to  Huguenot  Families. 

Goochland,  Nov.  9,  1730,  Peter  Guerrent  qualified  as  administrator 
of  Daniel  Guerrant,  who  died  intestate,  his  widow  Prances  relinquishing. 

Goochland,  Feb.  1730,  William  Salle  qualified  as  administrator  of 
Isaac  Salle,  intestate. 

Goochland,  March  1731,  John  Fleming  qualified  as  administrator  of 
John  Le  Grand,  intestate,  Katherine  Le  Grand  relinquishing. 

Goochland,  Nov.  6,  1733,  deed  from  Judith  Ballew  of  Goochland,  con- 
veying to  Peter  Guerrant  land  devised  to  her  by  her  father  Peter  Chas- 
taiu,  deceased. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Peter  Guerrant,  dated  Dec.  3,  1749,  proved 
Jan.  25,  1750. 

Cumberland.  Inventory  of  Anthony  Lavillain,  deceased,  recorded 
July  23,  1750. 

Cumberland.  Receipt  Aug.  3,  1730  from  Charles  Perro  to  Magdalen 
Guerrant,  executrix  of  Peter  Guerrant  for  £36.  10.  11  current  money, 
amount  due  Said  Perro's  wife  from  the  estate  of  Daniel  Guerrant,  de- 
ceased, and  also  her  receipt  for  what  was  due  her  from  the  estates  of  her 
deceased  brothers  Daniel  and  Peter  Guerrant  [?  should  the  date  1730  not 
be  1750.] 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Ann  David,  King  William  Parish,  dated  Oct. 
18,  1750,  proved  Nov.  1750. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Isaac  Dutoy,  King  Wm.  Parish,  dated  Nov.  9, 
1760,  proved  1752. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Pierce  Sallee,  King  William  Parish,  dated  Dec. 
24,  1750,  proved  Nov.  27,  1752. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Peter  Lewis  Soblet,  King  William  Parish,  dated 
Nov.  5,  1754,  proved  Jan.  27,  1755. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  Margaret  Rapene,  King  William  Parish,  dated 
June  8,  1755,  proved  Jan.  26,  1756. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  John  Chastain,  King  William  Parish,  dated 
Dec.  22,  1760,  proved  Jan.  25,  1762. 

Cumberland.  Will  of  John  La  Villain,  King  William  Parish,  dated 
Jan.  26,  1765,  proved  Feb.  22,  1768. 

Cumberland.  Marriage  bond,  Nov.  22,  1753,  Matthew  Woodson  and 
Elizabeth  Villain. 

Cumberland.  June  25.  1750,  James  Le  Grand  orphan  of  Peter  Le 
Grand  chose  James  Barnes  guardian. 

Cumberland.  June  25,  1750.  Alexander  Le  Grand  orphan  of  Peter  Le 
Grand  chose  George  Baskerville  guardian. 

Goochland.  Will  of  Peter  Chastain,  King  William  Parish,  proved 
Nov.  1728. 

Goochland.  Will  of  Stephen  Chastain,  "late  of  the  place  Vose  in 
Doffine  [Dauphine]  in  the  province  of  France,  Inhabitant  at  Manakin- 
town,  parish  of  King  William,  Goochland  County,"  dated  June  10,  1732-3, 
proved  Aug.  21,  1739. 


424  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Goochland.  Will  of  Martha  Chastain  (widow  of  Stephen  Chastain), 
dated  April  23,  1740,  proved  May  20,  1740. 

Goochland.     Deed  1741,  from  Rene  Chastain  of  Goochland. 

Goochland.    June  1744,  Inventory  of  Anthony  Trabue,  deceased. 

Goochland.  Will  of  Jacob  Michaux,  dated  Nov.  3,  1744,  proved  Jan 
15,  1744. 

Goochland.  Will  of  Jean  La  Villain,  "native  of  the  town  of  Jessy  in 
Lower  Normandy  in  the  Kingdom  of  France  and  at  present  living  in 
King  William  Parish,  Goochland  County,  Virginia"  (date  omitted  in 
copy]. 

Powhatan.     Will  of  Frances  Salle,  dated  Sept.  9,  proved  Nov.  20,  1777. 
Lunenburg.     Will  of  Abraham  Michaux,  proved  Dec.  31,  1747. 


-^:ukO.M*: 


d  b 


:^ :.;.!; 


GENEALOGY.  '  -  ^  425 


GENEALOGY. 


The  Gorsuch  and  Lovelace  Families. 
(Continued.) 

(By  J.  H.  P.,   Baltimore,  Md.) 

Anna^  Gorsuch  and  the  Todd  Family  of  Virginia  and  Maryland. 

7.  Anna*  Gorsuch  (John^,  Daniel-,  WilliamM-  Among  the  "bap" 
tisms"  in  the  Walkern  Register  Transcripts  is  the  entry  that  Anna' 
daughter  of  John  and  Anna  Gorsuch,  was  baptized  Mar.  13, 1638-9,  while 
among  the  "marriages"  for  1639  there  is  another  entry  giving  her  bap- 
tism date  as  Mar.  15,  1639-40.  The  first  entry  is  probably  the  correct 
one.  As  she  does  not  join  her  brothers  in  their  petition  to  the  Lancaster 
County  Court  in  1657  for  the  appointment  of  guardians,  although  then 
a  minor,  it  would  seem  probable  that  she  was  married  at  this  time  (see 
ante  p.  91).  She  rriarried  about  this  date,  probably  in  Virginia,  Capt. 
Thomas  Todd  then  of  Mobjack  Bay,  Gloucester  County,  who  removed 
a  few  years  later  to  North  Point  on  the  Patapsco  River  in  Baltimore 
County,  Maryland. 

Anna*  Gorsuch  married  three  times.  All  three  of  her  husbands  were 
men  of  prominence.  She  apparently  had  issue  only  by  her  first  husband, 
Capt.  Thomas  Todd.  The  descendants  of  this  marriage  both  in  Virginia 
and  Maryland  and  indeed  elsewhere  throughout  the  coxmtry  are  very 
numerous.  She  married  as  her  second  husband,  Capt.  David  Jones.  It 
is  he  who  has  given  his  name  to  Jones  Falls  so  well  known  to  every  Balti- 
morean,  and  it  was  upon  his  plantation,  Coles  Harbor,  that  Baltimore 
afterwards  was  laid  out.  Anna  Gorsuch  married  as  her  third  husband 
Capt.  John  Oldton,  commander  of  the  fort  known  as  the  Garrison  and 
owner,  among  other  tracts,  of  a  large  grant,  Oldton's  Garrison,  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Green  Spring  Valley,  near  where  this  fort  was  located. 
An  account  not  only  of  her  first  husband,  Thomas  Todd,  but  of  David 
Jones  and  John  Oldton  will  doubtless  prove  of  interest  to  her  descendants, 
as  well  as  to  all  who  are  interested  in  the  early  history  of  Baltimore. 
So  much  has  been  written  which  is  inaccurate  and  misleading  in  regard 
to  the  Todd  family  that  it  has  seemed  wise  to  restudy  the  entire  subject 
and  to  accept  nothing  which  the  writer  has  not  been  able  to  verify  from 
the  original  sources.  As  some  limit  must  be  placed  upon  the  scope  of 
this  work,  only  in  exceptional  cases  will  an  attempt  be  made  to  carry 
down  the  lines  further  than  three  generations  from  Thomas  Todd  and 
his  wife  Anna*  Gorsuch. 


t^ 


^O  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

The  name  Todd  was  not  an  uncommon  one  in  Virginia  in  the  seven- 
teenth century.  The  writer  is  indebted  to  the  editor  of  the  Magazine 
for  a  list  of  early  Virginia  patents  under  the  name  Todd.  A  Thomas 
Todd,  August  IS,  IG.Tl,  claimed  250  acres  of  land  on  the  eastern  branch 
of  the  Elizabeth  River  in  New  Noi-folk  County  for  transporting  his  wife 
Elizabeth,  Mary  Whitemoore,  Wm.  Whitledge  and  James  Bleese  into  the 
colony.  Thomas  Todd  May  12,  IGSS  received  250  acres  on  Back  or  Little 
Creek  in  Lower  Norfolk  County  for  transporting  John  Williams,  Richard 
Wooten,  John  Witkins,  John  Johnson  and  John  Fells;  while  Oct.  2,  1640 
Thomas  Todd  received  50  acres  on  the  eastern  branch  of  Elizabeth  River, 
and  March  5,  1645  a  regrant  of  50  acres,  possibly  of  the  last  mentioned 
tract.  Thomas  Todd  March  G,  1647  patented  50  acres  in  Elizabeth  City 
County  bought  from  Th's  Williams.  The  editor  of  the  Magazine  has 
been  kind  enough  to  run  througli  Volume  I  of  the  Lower  Norfolk  County 
records  preserved  at  Portsm.outh,  a  copy  of  which  is  at  the  Virginia 
Historical  Society,  and  has  noted  the  following  Todd  entries:  Thos. 
Todd  Nov.  15,  1641  claimed  50  acres  for  transporting  Job  Scamore  into 
the  Colony  in  the  ship  Blessing  anno  1637.  The  Court,  Jan.  3,  1641  or- 
dered Rd.  Kennor  to  pay  Thos.  Todd  £7  sterling  due  in  1640,  and  again 
Sept.  10,  1642  ordered  Col.  Francis  TrafTord  to  pay  Thos.  Todd  150  lbs. 
of  tobacco  for  work  done  by  Todd  upon  a  vessel  belonging  to  Trafford. 
On  July  17,  1643,— Lovett,  security  of  Will  Capps  who  purchased  2000 
"imffe"  and  "clench"  from  Thos.  Todd  was  ordered  to  pay.  On  Dec. 
15,  1645  Thos.  Todd  appears  in  the  record  in  connection  with  fees  due  a 
witness.  Among  a  number  of  depositions  extracted  from  Books  A,  B  & 
C  (1637-1665),  in  the  Norfolk  County  Clerk's  Office  is  one  of  Thomas 
Todd  dated  1647,  aged  33  years  or  thereabouts  (Wm.  &  Mary  Quart. 
25;  38).  This  Thomas  Todd,  born  about  1613,  could  scarcely  have  been 
the  Thomas  Todd  referred  to  above,  who  claimed  land  in  163/in  N  ew 
Norfolk  County  for  transporting  his  wife  Elizabeth  and  others,  but  may 
have  been  a  son.  Probably  to  this  same  line  belonged  Richard  Todd, 
who  August  9,  1665  patented  600  acres  in  Elizabeth  City  County,  of 
which  350  acres  had  been  received  by  Richard  Todd  under  the  will  of 
Richard  Greyson,  and  the  remaining  250  acres  had  been  purchased  by 
Mr.  Thomas  Todd  and  given  by  him  to  Richard  Todd.  These  Todds 
of  Elizabeth  City  County  and  Lower  Norfolk  County  have  not  yet  been 
connected  with  the  Todds  of  Gloucester. 

The  three  following  Thomas  Todd  patents  for  land  in  Gloucester  were 
apparently  issued  to  Capt.  Thomas  Todd,  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 
Thom.as  Todd  Oct.  27,  1652  patented  150  acres  on  the  eastern  side  of 
Eastermost  River  in  Mockjack  [Mobjack]  Bay  adjoining  the  land  of 
Wm.  Humphrey  and  Phill  Hemley  for  the  transportation  of  George  Bone 
and  Hewett  Gepperson.  Thomas  Todd  Oct.  15,  1G53  received  600  acres 
on  the  western  side  of  Eastermost  River  in  Mockjack  [Mobjack]  Bay  ad- 
joining the  land  of  Wm.  Holder  for  the  transportation  of  Thomas  Uggins, 
John  Waine,  Mary  Maddox,  John  Martin,  Sandees  Madross,  James  Mai- 


GENEALOGY.  427 

ney,  John  Blake,  etc.  Thomas  Todd  Oct.  9,  1665,  patented  700  acres 
on  North  River,  Mobjack  Bay,  acquired  from  Wm.  Davis.  It  seems 
probable  that  the  Robert  Todd  and  his  son  William,  to  whom  the  follow- 
ing tracts  in  Gloucester  were  issued,  were  of  this  Thomas  Todd's  im- 
mediate family,  possibly  Robert  was  his  brother.  May  7,  1666  William 
Todd,  son  and  heir  of  Robert  Todd,  received  500  acres,  Tindall's  Neck, 
on  the  north  side  of  Charles  [York]  River,  Gloucester,  which  had  been 
sold  by  Thomas  Beale  to  Robert  Todd,  father  of  the  patentee  William, 
and  which  was  nov/  due  to  the  said  William.  Robert  Todd  Sept.  21,  167-1 
patented  -SSO  acres  at  Tindall's  Point  [now  Gloucester  Point]  on  York 
River,  Gloucester  County,  250  acres  of  which  had  been  granted  to  the 
said  Robert's  father  May  7,  1666.  This  Gloucester  County  line  of  grand- 
father, father  and  son  bearing  respectively  the  names  Robert,  William 
and  Robert  has  not  been  traced  further.  A  writer  in  the  William  and 
Mary  Quarterly  (Volume  3;  120)  states  that  a  Robert  Todd  appeared  as 
a  purchaser  of  land  in  York  County  in  1642  and  of  land  in  Gloucester  in 
1652.  In  Hotten's  Emigrants  a  Robert  Todd  aged  20  brought  over  in 
the  Hopewell,  1622,  appears  among  the  Muster  of  William  Tiler  in  Eliza- 
beth City  County.  Greer's  Early  Virginia  Immigrants  enum.erates  nine 
persons  bearing  the  name  of  Todd  brought  into  the  colony  down  to  1066. 
Among  these  were  two  bearing  the  name  Thomas  Todd  brought  over  in 
1642  and  1652  respectively,  but  neither  these  nor  any  nf  the  other  Todds 
enumerated  as  headrights  can  be  identified. 

Further  comment  upon  the  above  mentioned  patentees  and  immigrants 
seems  unnecessary.  It  is  probable  that  three  or  four  different  individuals 
bearing  the  name  Thomas  Todd  were  in  Virginia  at  this  period.  The 
patentee  of  1631  who  brought  in  his  wife  Elizabeth  could  certainly  not 
have  been  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Whether 
he  was  identical  with  Thomas  Todd  of  Lower  Norfolk  or  Elizabeth  City 
County  is  uncertain.  It  is  important  to  note  that  a  Thomas  Todd,  not 
identical  with  Capt.  Thomas  Todd,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  came  into 
Maryland  in  1651,  probably  with  the  Puritan  emigrants  from  Virginia, 
and  settled  on  the  Severn  River  near  Annapolis.  This  Thomas  Todd 
became  the  founder  of  the  Todd  family  of  Anne  Arundel  County,  Mary- 
land, which  has  been  so  exhaustibly  worked  out  by  Dr.  Christopher 
Johnston,  the  well-lcnown  genealogist  (Md.  Hist.  Mag.  IX;  29S-305). 
While  the  writer  is  in  possession  of  some  evidence  from  the  English 
records  suggesting  that  there  was  a  connection  between  Capt.  Thomas 
Todd  of  Gloucester  and  Baltimore  and  Thomas  Todd  of  Anne  Arundel, 
this  fact  has  not  been  definitely  established,  and  the  relationship,  if  any, 
was  probably  not  a  close  one. 

A  recent  "find"  has  revealed  the  EnglLsh  origin  of  Capt.  Thomas  Todd, 
the  husband  of  Anna'*  Gorsuch.  Through  the  researches  of  Miss  Harriet 
P.  Marine  of  Baltimore,  a  descendant  of  Capt.  Thomas  Todd,  a  deed  has 
very  recently  been  discovered  in  Queen  Anne  County,  Maryland,  which 
establishes  the  place  of  origin  in  England  of  the  Todds.     Capt.  Thomas 


428  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  , 

Todd  in  his  will,  dated  Feb.  21,  1675-6  and  probated  May  30,  1677  in 

Maryland,  and  March  1678  in  London,  to  which  reference  in  greater  de- 
tail will  be  made  later,  leaves  a  tract  of  700  acres  "called  Todde  [Todleyj 
lying  in  Chester  River  in  Cosico  [Corsica]  Creek"  to  his  brother,  Christ- 
opher Todd  and  to  his  heirs,  and  also  makes  a  bequest  of  twenty  pounds 
sterling  to  his  brother,  Christopher,  to  be  paid  him  in  England.  The 
Queen  Anne  County  Rent  Roll  (Md.  Hist.  Soc.  MSS.)  shows  that  the 
tract,  Todley,  700  acres,  was  surveyed  June  14,  1670  for  Thomas  Todd  at 
the  head  of  the  North  East  Fresh  Run  of  Corsica  Creek  and  was  "pos- 
sessed by  Thomas  Todd's  heirs  in  England,"  while  a  somewhat  later 
Rent  Roll  in  the  Land  Office,  Annapolis,  shows  that  this  same  tract  had 
been  sold  in  1709  by  David  Airey.  A  search  of  the  Queen  Anne  County 
land  records  resulted  in  the  discovery  by  Miss  Marine  of  a  deed  dated 
Sept.  20,  1709  from  David  Airey  to  Robert  Finley  and  Robert  Grundy 
(Q.  A.  Co.  Deeds;  E.  T.  No.  A;  41).  David  Airey  and  Elizabeth  his  wife 
convey  to  Fiflley  and  Grundy  the  tract,  ''Todley  or  Todd  Linges,"  on  the 
south  side  of  Chester  River  at  the  head  of  the  North  East  Fresh  Run  of 
Corsica  Creek,  700  acres,  "all  which  said  Land  did  formerly  belong  to  a 
certain  Captain  Thomas  Todd  deceased,  &  by  his  last  Will  &  Testament 
did  leave  the  same  unto  his  Brother  Christopher  Todd  Late  of  Denton 
in  the  County  of  Durham  and  his  heirs,  and  afterwards  sold  and  con- 
veyed from  William  Todd  of  Chester  in  the  county  of  Durham,  Son  and 
heir  of  the  said  Christopher  Todd  unto  Thom.  Cook  and  his  heirs  as  by 
a  certain  deed  bearing  date  the  6  August,  Anno.  Domi.  1687."  This 
would  seem  to  settle  beyond  question  that  Denton,  Durham,  was  the 
home  of  the  Todd  family  in  England,  for  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  gave  the 
name  Denton  to  his  home  plantation  on  the  Patapsco  patented  by  him 
under  a  survey  dated  June  24,  1669.  Until  the  discovery  of  this  deed 
it  was  not  possible  to  decide  with  which  of  the  various  places  in  England, 
bearing  the  name  Denton,  the  Todd  family  was  probably  identified. 
The  writer  is  now  making  efforts  to  trace  the  Todd  family  in  England, 
and  it  is  hoped  that  additional  information  may  be  obtained  for  publica- 
tion in  a  later  number  of  the  magazine. 

Capt.  Thomas  Todd  first  appears  in  the  Maryland  Records  August  17, 
1664,  describing  himself  as  "now  living  in  Goucester  County,  Virginia." 
He  purchased  from  Thomas  Powell  three  tracts  of  land,  viz:  Old  Road 
2S7H  acres;  Richardson  [later  called  Black  Walnut  Neck]  300  acres  and 
a  tract  100  acres  adjoining  Walnut  Keck  [Powell's  Point]  (Balto.  L. 
Deeds  IR:  PP,  66).  The  same  date  he  deeds  the  above  mentioned  "three 
dividends"  of  land  bought  of  Thomas  Powell  "for  the  love  and  affection 
I  have  unto  my  two  sonnes,  Robert  Todd  and  John  Todd."  (Balto. 
Deeds  IR:  PP,  65).  The  description  of  these  tracts  ^ow  that  they  lay 
on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  near  its  mouth  on  what  is  now  known 
as  Old  Road  Bay.  Thomas  Todd's  name  does  not  reappear  again  in  the 
Baltimore  Coimty  records  until  July  6,  1G68,  when  still  describing  him- 
self as  of  Gloucester  Co\mty,  he  gives  a  power  of  attorney  to  his  beloved 


art 


GENEALOGY.  42Q 

friend,  Richard  Ball  of  Baltimore  County  (Balto.  Deeds  IR:  PP,  65). 
It  has  been  previously  shown  that  this  Richard  Ball  was  a  son  of  Colonel 
William  Ball  of  Lancaster  County  (see  ante  93).  Thomas  Todd,  Apr. 
29,  1669,  now  describing  himself  as  resident  in  the  Patapsco  River,  Balti- 
more County,  purchased  from  Ralph  Williams  of  Bristol,  merchant,  a 
tract  called  North  Point,  300  acres  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco 
River  near  its  mouth  (idem  IR:  PP,  71).  The  name  North  Point 
has  been  made  historic  by  the  battle  fought  near  there,  Sept.  12, 
1814,  in  the  defense  of  Baltimore  during  the  War  of  1812,  to  which 
it  gave  its  name,  this  event  inspiring  Francis  Scott  Key  to  com- 
pose "The  Star  Spangled  Banner."  August  9,  1G70  he  patented 
the  tract,  Denton,  190  acres  which  had  been  surveyed  for  him 
June  24,  1669  (Balto.  Co.  Rent  Roll;  Md.  Hist.  Soc.  Md.  MSS).  Thomas 
Todd  also  purchased  the  following  tracts  in  Baltimore  County  viz.: 
Hoopers  Island,  June  1,  1669,  from  Mary  Goldsmith,  75  acres,  near  the 
mouth  of  Gunpowder  River  (Balto.  Deeds:  IR;  PP,  72);  Walkins  Neck, 
"28th  10th  month  1669,"  from  John  Walkins,  south  side  of  Back  River 
(idem  IR:  PP88).  He  also  patented  Todd's  Range  400  acres  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Patapsco  on  Humphrey's  Creek  [Old  Road  Bay]  surveyed  for 
him  June  24,  1669.  (Balto.  Co.  Rent  Roll  Md.  Hist.  Soc.  MSS).  From 
an  examination  of  the  above  deeds  and  patents  it  will  be  seen  that  Capt. 
Thomas  Todd  became  possessed  of  extensive  land  holdings  on  the  lower 
part  of  what  is  known  as  Patapsco  Neck.  In  several  of  these  deeds  he  is 
described  as  "merchant  of  the  Patapsco  River"  and  there  is  no  question 
that  he  remained  a  resident  of  the  Patapsco  River  until  the  time  of  his 
death.  He  appears  to  have  moved  with  his  family  into  the  Patapsco 
shortly  before  Apr.  5,  1669  when  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  demanded  land  for 
transporting  himself,  his  wife  Ann  Todd,  Robert,  Ann,  John,  Johanna, 
and  Francis  [Frances]  Todd  his  children,  and  seven  servants.  (Annap. 
Patents  12;  202).  Again  Oct.  15,  1071  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  of  Baltimore 
County  proved  rights  for  transporting  24  persons,  among  them  a  Richard 
Todd  into  the  province  (Annap.  Patents  16;  394).  This  warrant  for  1200 
acres  was  made  returnable  to  the  Land  Ofiice  March  9,  1671-2.  Capt. 
Thomas  Todd  represented  Baltimore  County  in  the  Lower  House  of  the 
General  Assembly  at  the  session  of  February  1674-5  (Arch.  Md.  2,  422). 
Filed  with  the  will  of  Thomas  Todd  is  a  letter  to  his  son,  Thomas  Todd 
dated  Apr.  1,  1676,  which  shows  that  the  father  was  then  about  to  sail 
for  England.  It  would  appear  from  the  letter  which  is  addressed  to  his 
6on  "at  his  house  in  the  North  River  with  Care  and  Speed"  that  the 
father  was  then  on  shipboard  en  route  to  England  from  his  plantation 
on  the  Patapsco,  and  wished  to  see  his  son  as  he  passed  his  Gloucester 
plantation.     The  letter  is  of  sufficient  interest  to  publish  in  full: 

Deare  Son — My  love  to  you  Remembred,  this  is  to  give  you  notice  that 
I  am  aboard  of  Captain  James  Connaway  Commander  of  the  Ship  Vir- 
ginie  Factor  bound  for  England.  I  am  very  weake  and  sick  and  have 
beene  a  long  time,  all  my  desire  is  to  see  you  before  I  goe  for  fear  I  shall 


430  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

never  see  you.  We  lie  against  Munday's  Creeke  and  intend  to  set  sayle 
tomorrow  if  it  be  a  fairc  Winde  being  the  eleventh  day  of  Aprill.  I  want 
some  good  syder  to  keep  mee  alive,  which  I  suppose  you  have  enough  of; 
if  the  wind  hang  Easterly  wee  may  stay  longer  but  if  North  or  Northwest 
or  south  west,  we  shall  be  gone.  I  Looked  long  for  you  to  bring  up  the 
negroes,  which  I  shall  loose  my  Crop  for  want  of  them.  If  it  be  not  my 
luck  to  see  you,  let  me  heare  from  you  by  writing.  Direct  yor  letters 
to  M:  Bamaby  Dunne  his  house  for  me.  Yo'r  mother  brothers  and  sisters 
are  well.  I  pray  you  send  me  what  tobaccoes  you  can.  and  my  love  to 
John  Robinson  &  all  the  rest  of  my  friends.  I  have  made  my  will  and 
made  you  my  executor.  Nor  else  at  present  but  the  Lords  blessing  and 
mine  be  with  you,  Your  loving  Father  till  death 
April  the  10th  1676  Thomas  Todd 

These  for  my  son  Thomas  Todd  at  his  house  in  the  North  River  with 
Care  and  Speed. 

Capt.  Thomas  Todd  died  in  London  while  on  this  visit  to  England. 
His  will,  dated  Feb.  26,  1675-6,  was  probated  in  Maryland  May  30th, 
1677.  An  affidavit  of  Miles  Gibson  who  had  married  Todd's  daughter, 
Anne,  bearing  the  same  date  as  the  probate,  was  filed  in  the  Prerogative 
Court.     It  reads  as  follows: 

The  Affidavit  of  Miles  Gibson  of  Baltemore  County,  aged  about  29 
years,  swome  this  30  day  of  May,  1677,  saith:  That  about  this  time  twelve 
months,  Mrs.  Anne  Todd  then  the  wife  of  Thomas  Todd  Senior,  did  shew 
this  deponent  her  husband's  will  &  told  him  that  it  was  his  will  and  de- 
sired this  Deponent  to  reade  it,  who  accordingly  read  it  to  her  &  shee 
took  it  into  her  Custody  againe  &  sometime  afterwards  hearing  of  her 
husband's  death,  she  left  her  habitation  and  what  was  thereon  in  the 
Custody  of  her  eldest  daughter,  who  then  tooke  the  said  will  into  her 
possession,  the  which  will  she  kept  untill  the  day  of  her  marriage  &  then 
delivered  it  into  the  Custody  of  this  deponent  her  now  husband  who  hath 
delivered  the  said  will  into  the  hands  of  Thomas  Todd  Junior  executor 
nominated  in  the  said  will,  &  further  saith  that  the  said  will  now  pro- 
duced is  the  same  will  which  was  first  shewen  him  by  the  said  Anne,  and 
that  he  being  frequently  acquainted  with  the  said  Thomas  Todd  Senior 
his  hand,  the  Deponent  saith  he  verily  believeth  the  said  Todd  did  signe 
and  scale  the  said  will  and  further  saith  not. 

Miles  Gibson 

The  will  of  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  was  not  only  probated  in  Maryland 
May  30,  1677  (Annap.  Wills,  5;  227).  but  also  proved  in  London  in  the 
Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury,  March,  1678  (P.  C.  C.  Wills;  1678; 
Reeve  29).  Note  of  this  probate  in  England  is  also  to  be  found  in  the 
records  of  the  Maryland  Prerogative  Court:  "30  March  1678  came 
Thomas  Todd  of  'Moprjacke  Bay',  sole  execr.  named  in  the  will  of  Capt. 
Thomas  Todd  his  father  late  of  Balto.  County,  Maryland,  deed,  at 


J«   -L 


GENEALGOY.  '^..     •  ^^^ 

London  Engd.  &  exhibited  invy.  together  with  letters  of  admin,  to  him 
committed  under  seals  of  prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury,  i&c."  (Test. 
Proc.  10.  14).  One  of  the  witnesses  of  the  will  having  died  and  the  other 
having  left  the  province  the  letter  and  affidavit  were  filed  as  evidences 
of  its  validity.  Richard  Ball,  one  of  the  appraisers,  having  died,  the 
Court  appointed  Nathaniel  Hurst  and  John  Harding,  May  30,  1677. 
(Test.  Proc.  9,  162-8). 

The  will  of  Thomas  Todd,  taken  from  the  Annapolis  records,  is  of 
sufficient  interest  to  publish  in  full: 

In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  Febr.  the  26th  Anoque  Domini  1675  1 
Thomas  Todde  of  Baltemore  County  in  the  province  of  Maryland  being 
weeke  in  body  but  of  perfect  memory  praised  be  Almighty  god  my  blessed 
Saviour  into  whose  hands  I  comitt  my  soule  hoping  for  Salvation  through 
his  merits  doe  make  ordaine  &  appoint  this  my  Last  Will  &  Test.  Revok- 
ing all  other  Will  or  Wills  whatsoever.  I  doe  by  these  presents  make 
ordaine  &  apoint  my  well  beloved  Sonne  Thomas  Todd  my  whole  and 
sole  Executor  to  see  this  my  last  WMU  performed  in  manner  and  forme  as 
followeth.  Imprimis  I  give  and  bequeath  to  my  well  beloved  wife  Anne 
Todd  fower  hundred  poundes  Sterling  now  lying  in  Alderman  Richard 
Boothes  hands  in  London.  I  likewise  bequeath  my  said  wife  one  hundred 
seaventy  six  poimds  sterling  being  in  ye  hands  of  Robert  Gorsedge  and 
my  p'ccll  of  Land  lying  on  old  England  which  the  said  Robert  Gorsedg 
is  now  possessed  of.  Thirdly  I  give  and  bequeath  my  said  Wife  two  of 
my  best  breeding  Mares.  Fourthly  I  give  to  my  fower  Daughters  Anne 
Johanna  Frances  and  Averclla  the  product  of  Eighty  seaven  hogsheds 
of  Tobacco  now  shipt  for  England,  it  to  be  equally  Divided  betweene 
them.  Fifthly  I  give  to  each  of  said  daughters  one  breeding  Mare  apiece. 
Sixthly  I  give  &  bequeath  my  wife  one  feather  bed  &  furniture.  Seaven- 
thly  1  give  to  my  dauthter  Anne  one  feather  bed.  Eightly  1  will  that  if 
there  be  occasion  for  money  that  my  parte  of  the  Shippe  Augusteene  be 
sold.  Ninthly  1  give  and  bequeath  to  my  brother  Christopher  Todd 
twenty  pounds  sterling  to  be  paid  him  in  England.  Tenthly  I  give  my 
said  brother  Christopher  Todd  seaven  hundred  acres  of  Land  called 
Todde  lying  in  Chester  River  in  Cosicoe  Creeke  to  be  disposed  of  as  he 
shall  think  to  his  heirs  Executors  or  Administrators.  Elleventhly  1  will 
that  my  sole  Executor  Thomas  Todde,  that  he  have  not  my  Estate 
praised  nor  sufTer  noe  admon.  to  be  taken  out.  I  witness  of  all  which 
I  have  hereunto  sett  my  hand  and  scale  the  day  and  year  within  mentioned 

Eben:  Mylam 
Witness  present  his  Thomas  Todd  (seal) 

Symond  X  Whitthall 

marke  Proved  30  May  1677 

Philip  Calvert 


lU 


432  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Capt.  Thomas  Todd  had  a  considerable  estate  in  the  colonies  and  in 
England.  Robert  Gorsedge,  mentioned  in  the  will,  was  his  wife's  broth- 
er, Robert*  Gorsuch  (see  ante  216-221).  Nothing  is  known  in  regard  to 
"aldeman  (Alderman)  Richard  Bootlie."  Thomas  Todd's  interest  in 
the  "Shippe  Augusteene,"  and  the  fact  that  he  is  so  often  referred  to  as 
merchant  may  possibly  indicate  that  his  title  "Captain"  was  that  of  sea 
captain  rather  than  of  military  origin.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that 
although  his  wife,  Ann,  and  four  daughters — Ann,  Johanna,  Francis,  and 
Averelea  [Averilla]  are  mentioned  by  name,  he  only  names  one  son, 
Thomas,  whom  he  appoints  executor.  That  there  were  other  sons  will 
be  pointed  out  later.  It  seems  almost  certain  that  his  failure  to  make 
specific  bequests  in  his  will  to  his  several  sons  was  due  to  the  fapt  that 
he  had  already  settled  lands  in  Virginia  and  Maryland  upon  them.  As 
has  been  noted  before,  the  bequest  to  his  brother,  Christopher  Todd,  of 
Todde  [Todley]  on  Corsica  Creek,  Chester  River  has  been  the  means  of 
identifying  the  Todd  family  with  Denton  in  Durham,  England. 

The  widow,  Anna*  (Gorsuch)  Todd,  remarried  soon  after  the  death  of 
her  husband,  Thomas  Todd.  The  inventory  of  the  estate  of  Thomas 
Todd,  late  of  Baltimore  County,  appraised  by  Natl.  Hawkins  and  Jno. 
Ardon,  Jan.  16,  1678-9  shows  goods  and  chattels  valued  at  14,870  lbs.  of 
tobacco,  and  enumerates  among  other  items  certain  stock  "delivered 
to  David  Jones,  who  married  the  relict  of  Thomas  Todd."  (Balto. 
Invents.  1;  284).  That  all  had  not  nm  smoothly  in  the  management  of 
the  estate  in  Maryland  is  shown  by  a  lengthy  petition  filed  by  the  execu- 
tor, Thomas  Todd,  in  the  Prerogative  Court  in  which  among  other  state- 
ments he  declares  that  the  estate  of  his  father,  Thomas  Todd  "is  now  in 
danger  to  be  wasted  and  destroyed  by  the  relict  of  the  said  deed.,  who  is 
since  married  to  a  wasteful  spendthrift."  (Test.  Proc.  9;  162).  The 
widow  was  probably  contemplating  her  second  marriage,  when  Jan.  18 
1676-7  she  executed  a  deed  of  gift  to  her  children:  "I  Anna  Todd  of  Balti- 
more County  of  the  Province  of  Maryland  for  and  because  of  the  natural 
affection  I  have  for  my  children — give  all  my  estates  to  my  children  now 
in  being — they  allowing  me  a  liberal  maintenance  for  life — I  constitute 
my  dearly  beloved  brother,  Charles  Gorsuch,  to  acknowledge  the  same — 
(signed)  Anna  Todd."  (Balto.  Deeds  IS:  IK;  57).  There  would  seem 
to  be  no  question  that  Anna*  (Gorsuch)  Todd  was  the  mother  of  all  of 
Capt.  Todd's  children.  The  eldest  daughter  Anne  who  had  married 
Miles  Gibson  prior  to  May  30,  1677,  was  doubtless  named  after  her 
mother.  Thomas  Todd,  Jr.  appointed  executor  under  his  father's  will, 
who  was  apparently  the  eldest  son,  is  known  to  have  been  born  in  16C0. 
Thomas  Todd,  St.,  in  the  letter  to  his  son  Thomas  dated  1676  writes: 
"Your  Mother,  Brothers  and  Sisters  are  well."  Anna*  (Gorsuch)  Todd 
was  baptized  March  13,  163S-9,  and  there  is  some  evidence  that  she  was 
a  married  woman  in  1657. 

Anna*  (Gorsuch)  Todd  married  her  second  husband,  Capt.  David 
Jones,  probably  in  1677.    Jones  was  a  very  early  settler  in  Baltimore 


GENEALGOY.  ■  433 

County.  He  not  only  gave  his  name  to  Jones  Falls,  the  stream  which 
rising  in  the  Green  Spring  Valley  flows  through  the  heart  of  Baltimore 
and  empties  into  the  northwest  branch  of  the  Patapsco,  but  also  to  Jones's 
Town,  laid  out  in  1731,  and  incorporated  ten  years  later  with  Baltimore 
Town.*  He  patented  a  tract  Jones  Range,  380  acres,  surveyed  for  him 
■Jan.  15,  1G71  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  River  on  Denton  Creek 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Patapsco  River.  (Balto.  Co.  Rent  Rolls;  Md.  Hist. 
Soc.  MSS).  The  Rent  Roll  shows  that  he  also  patented  the  following 
tracts  in  Baltimore  County:  Jones  Chance  [Fortune]  130  acres,  surveyed 
June  12,  1682  on  [Old]  Road  Creek  lying  on  the  easternmost  bounds  of 
Powell's  Pumpkin  Patch;  Rangers  Lodge,  500  acres,  surveyed  12th  of 
June,  1682  at  the  head  of  Bush  River  between  the  Middle  Branch  and 
James'  Branch  to  the  northeast  side  of  Bynum's  Run;  Stony  Banks,  50 
acres,  surveyed  June  16,  16S2  on  the  north  side  of  the  Patapsco  "in  the 
woods;"  Long  Point,  250  acres,  surveyed  June  16,  1G82  on  the  west  side 
of  the  main  branch  of  Back  River  in  the  Valley  of  Herring  Run;  Jones 
Adventure,  80  acres,  surveyed  June  16,  1682  on  the  north  side  of  the 
Patapsco.  The  Baltimore  County  land  records  show  that  David  Jones 
purchased  the  following  tracts  in  Baltimore  County.  Dec.  8,  1679  he 
purchased  from  Charles  Gorsuch  [his  brother-in-law]  three  tracts  of  land 
viz.:  Cole's  Harbor  550  acres  lying  upon  the  northwest  branch  of  the 
Patapsco;  Maiden's  Choice,  450  acres,  lying  upon  the  head  of  the  middle 
branch  of  the  Patapsco;  and  Maryborne  [St.  Mary  Bow],  200  acres,  lying 
upon  the  main  run  [Jones  Falls]  of  the  northwest  branch  of  the  Patapsco. 
(Balto.  Deeds;  IR:  PP;  46).  David  Jones  also  purchased,  1685,  from 
Samuel  Wheeler,  Monteney's  Neck,  200  acres,  lying  upon  the  northwest 
branch  of  the  Patapsco.  (idem;  RM:  HS;  180).  David  Jones  and  his 
wife  Anna  sold  to  Charles*  Gorsuch  Dec.  5,  1079,  the  tract  Jones  Range 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Patapsco  about  the  same  date  that  he  purchased 
from  Charles  Gorsuch  the  three  above  mentioned  tracts  on  the  upper 
Patapsco.  (idem  IR:  PP;  47).  He  sold,  1686,  his  Bush  River  tract. 
Ranger's  Lodge,  mentioned  above,  to  James  Phillips  (idem;  RM:  HS; 
205).  The  transfers  of  tracts  upon  the  upper  Patapsco  in  which  David 
Jones  figures  are  of  great  interest  to  students  of  the  early  history  of 
Baltimore.  When  he  gave  up  his  residence  on  the  lower  Patapsco, 
apparently  soon  after  his  marriage  to  Anna'*  Todd,  David  Jones  selected 
for  his  dwelling  plantation  the  tract,Cole's  Harbor  upon  which  Baltimore 
Town  and  Jones's  Town  were  afterwards  laid  out.  This  tract.  Cole's 
Harbor,  550  acres,  which  was  later  resurveyed  by  David  Jones's  step-son, 
James^  Todd  under  the  name  Todd's  Range,  510  acres,  included  that  part 

*The  number  of  settlers  upon  the  upper  Patapsco  had  rapidly  increased  and  in  1728 
by  an  Act  of  the  Assembly,  a  town  comprising  sixty  acres,  to  be  known  as  Baltimore  Town 
was  ordered  laid  out  upon  the  northwest  branch  of  the  Patapsco,  to  the  west  of  Jones  Falls, 
and  in  1731,  Jones's  Town,  containing  ten  acres  was  laid  out  on  the  east  side  of  the  Falls  just 
opposite.  Both  towns  were  taken  out  of  Cole's  Harbor  or  Todd's  Ran^e.  In  1741  ..he  two 
towns  with  certain  adjacent  land  were  incorporated  together  under  the  name  Baltimore 
Town.  In  its  further  growth.  Cole's  Harbor  soon  became  entirely  absorbed  in  the  rapidly 
developing  city.  Griffith  states  that  before  this  an  attempt  had  been  made  to  locate  Balti- 
more 'Town  upon  Moale's  Point  on  the  middle  branch  of  the  Patapsco. 


-134    ,  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  Baltimore  bounded  in  a  very  general  way  on  the  south  by  the  harbor, 
on  the  east  by  Bond  Street,  on  the  north  by  Madison  vStreet,  and  on  the 
west  by  Howard  Street.  The  tract  Maryborne  [St.  Mary  Bow]  which 
he  also  purchased  from  Charles  Gorsuch,  and  which  afterwards  was  re- 
surveyed  by  a  later  owner  under  the  name  Mount  Royal,  lay  along  Jones 
Falls,  and  comprised  in  a  general  way  that  portion  of  the  city  now  tra- 
versed by  Mt.  Royal  avenue  and  Jones's  Falls  extending  from  Charles 
Street  to  Druid  Lake.  Maiden's  Choice  lies  to  the  southwest  of  the  city 
in  the  direction  of  Catonsville.  Its  name  is  still  preserved  in  Maiden's 
Choice  Lane.  A  confirmatory  deed  from  Charles  Gorsuch  and  his  wife 
Sarah,  to  David  Jones  to  these  three  tracts,  dated  August  1,  16S2,  in  the 
description  of  Cole's  Harbor  refers  to  it  as  the  land  "David  Jones  now 
lives  upon."  The  deed  further  recites  that  Charles  Gorsuch  had  come 
into  possession  of  these  three  tracts  through  his  wife,  Sarah  Cole,  as  the 
heir  at  law  of  Thomas  Cole  of  Baltimore  County,  by  whom  they  had  been 
patented  (idem;  IR:  AM;  186).  David  Jones  added  a  tract  of  200  acres 
to  his  home  plantation  Cole's  Harbor  by  the  purchase  in  1685  from  Sam- 
uel Wheeler  of  the  tract  Monteney's  Neck,  adjoining  Cole's  Harbor  on  the 
east,  extending  his  land  holdings  in  a  general  way  as  far  as  Fells  Point 
on  the  southeast  to  a  point  on  the  northeast  near  what  is  now  the  inter- 
section of  Monument  and  Wolfe  Streets.  The  southern  portion  of 
Monteney's  Neck  was  bisected  in  a  general  way  by  the  stream  originally 
known  as  Monteney's  Run  and  more  recently  as  Harford  Run,  but  now 
merely  a  covered  storm  water  drain.  David  Jones  appears  to  have  con- 
tinued to  live  upon  this  plantation  until  his  death  in  1686-7.  The  his- 
tory of  these  early  tracts  upon  which  Baltimore  was  laid  out  has  been 
gone  inigjn  some  little  detail  because  of  sundry  errors  which  have  crept 
into  the  accounts  of  the  settlement  of  Baltimore  as  given  in  Griffith's 
Annals  of  Baltimore,  and  in  Scharf' s  Chronicles  of  Baltimore,  to  which 
further  reference  will  be  made  later  (see  also  James  Todd^  post).  There 
is  some  reason  however  to  question  Griffith's  assertion  that  David  Jones 
was  the  first  actual  settler  upon  the  original  site  of  Baltimore  Town  as 
there  is  no  proof  that  Thomas  Cole  or  his  son  in  law  Charles^  Gorsuch 
may  not  have  lived  upon  Cole's  Harbor,  although  his  statement  may  well 
be  true  that  David  Jones's  "residence  was  upon  the  north  [east]  side  of 
Jones  Falls  near  the  head  of  tidewater  where  the  stream  was  crossed  with- 
out a  bridge  by  the  great  eastern  road. ' '  This  would  apparently  place  his 
house  somewhere  near  the  intersection  of  Gay  and  High  Streets.  In  the 
Proceedings  of  the  Baltimore  Cotmty  Court,  among  the  members  of  the 
Grand  Jury  for  1684,  the  name  of  Capt.  David  Jones  heads  the  list,  proba- 
bly indicating  that  he  was  foreman.  He  left  a  considerable  landed  estate 
and  seems  to  have  been  a  prosperous  planter.  The  assertion  of  his  step- 
son, Thomas^  Todd,  that  he  was  a  "wasteful  spendthrift"  was  probably 
largely  based  upon  the  desire  to  get  the  management  of  his  father's  estate 
entirely  out  of  the  hands  of  his  new  step-father,  and  he  therefore  did  not 
hesitate  to  use  forcible  language  to  strengthen  his  appeal  to  the  court. 


:  GENEALGOY.  .    ,.  ..'  ■  435 

That  David  Jones  was  a  man  of  social  standing  is  shown  by  frequent 
references  to  him  in  the  County  Court  Proceedings  as  '  'Mr.  David  Jones." 
Francis  Lovelace  of  Baltimore  County  in  his  will  dated  March  3,  1G73-4 
and  proved  May  19,  1684,  leaves  "unto  my  cosen  Anna  Jones  my 
looking-glass  and — unto  David  Jones  my  sword"  (Annap.  Wills). 
The  relationship  between  Francis  Lovelace  and  Anna*  (Gorsuch)  Jones 
will  be  discussed  later.  He  was  probably  the  son  of  her  uncle  Thomas 
Lovelace  (see  Lovelace,  post).  A  few  years  after  David  Jones's  death 
in  1687,  a  rather  picturesque  suit,  which  does  not  seem  to  have  found  its 
way  into  print,  was  filed  in  the  Baltimore  County  Court  to  determine 
the  ownership  of  a  gold  ring  which  he  had  lost.  At  the  September,  1693, 
session  of  the  Court,  Capt.  John  Oldton  and  Anne  his  wife,  executrix 
under  the  will  of  David  Jones,  in  a  suit  against  one  Nicholas  Corbin  de- 
clare that  "David  Jones  in  his  lifetime  was  possessed  of  one  gold  ring  to 
the  vallue  of  twenty-two  shillings — which  ring  the  sd.  David  att  the 
house  of  the  sd.  Nicholas  Corban  in  Patapsco  Hundred  in  Baltemore 
County — from  his  finger  did  casually  loose  wch  sd.  ring  about  the  fif- 
taenth  of  July  1691* — was  upon  the  dung-hill  near  the  house  of  sd  Nicholas 
by  one  of  the  servants  of  Nicholas  found  and  by  the  sd  servant  placed 
into  the  hands  of  the  sd  Nicholas."  The  complaint  goes  on  to  recite 
that  Nicholas  refused  to  give  up  possession  of  the  ring  and  has  since 
disposed  of  it.  The  plaintiffs  demand  damages  amounting  to  £2:4:0. 
Filed  with  the  suit  is  the  deposition  of  Martha  Love  age  twenty-five 
years,  a  servant  of  Nicholas  Corbin,  dated  May  29,  1693,  in  which  she 
declares  that  when  she  and  the  other  servanLs  of  Nicnoias  ^^oiujii  v.cic 
engaged  in  clearing  away  the  dung-hill  sometime  before,  their  master 
had  reminded  them  that  they  might  find  the  lost  ring.  She  further 
testifies  that  she  saw  one  of  her  fellow  servants,  William  Tallbott,  find 
the  ring  and  conceal  it,  and  that  she  had  afterwards  persuaded  him  to 
give  it  to  her  master  which  he  did  about  a  week  later.  It  is  interesting 
to  note  that  the  Court  decided  that  Johm  Oldton  and  his  wife  Anne  were 
not  entitled  to  damages  and  lost  their  suit.  (Balto.  Co.  Court  Proc. 
1G93-6;  125-6). 

Capt.  David  Jones  died  between  Feb.  3,  1686-7,  the  date  of  his  will  and 
March  1,  1686-7,  when  Ann  Jones  of  Baltimore  County  petitioned  the 
Prerogative  Court  to  commission  John  Boring  [Deputy  Commissary 
of  Baltimore  Coimty]  to  prove  the  will  of  her  late  husband  David  Jones 
under  which  she  was  appointed  executrix.  This  the  Court  granted  and 
appointed  Anthony  Demondader  and  John  Carrington  appraisers  (Test. 
Proc.  13,  453).  The  will  was  proved  before  John  Borcing  deputy  com- 
missary March  14,  1686-7  (Annap.  Wills  4;  240).  The  will  was  filed,  an 
inventory  exhibited,  and  ordered  recorded  Apr.  26,  1687,  with  a  further 
report  by  John  Boring  upon  the  estate  July  8,  1687  (Test.  Proc.  13,  483, 
495).  This  will  of  David  Jones  is  of  considerable  interest  as  it  disposes 
of  tracts  upon  which  the  city  of  Baltimore  was  afterwards  built,  and  be- 
•Thedate  1091  is  obviously  a  clerical  error,  as  Jones  died  in  1&S7. 


436     •  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

cause  of  the  fact,  that  not  being  recorded  among  the  Baltimore  County 
testamentary  records,  it  has  escaped  the  eyes  of  local  historians  and  title 
searchers.  The  spelling  is  atrocious,  making  identification  impossible 
to  the  casual  reader  of  several  of  the  persons  and  tracts  mentioned.  This 
is  doubtless  due  to  the  fact  that  the  old  Annapolis  liber  in  which  the  will 
was  originally  recorded  is  no  longer  in  existence,  the  present  will  book 
having  been  transcribed  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  probably 
by  a  clerk  who  could  not  read  the  seventeenth  century  hand-writing. 
The  will,  omitting  the  lengthy  introduction,  is  as  follows: 

Will  of  David  Jones — In  the  name  of  God  Amen  ye  3rd  day  of  Feb'y 
16S6[-7], — I  David  Jones  being  sick  in  body  but  of  good  and  perfect  mem- 
ory— 1  give  and  commit  my  soulc  unto  Almighty  God  etc — and  my  body 
to  be  buriv^d  in  such  place  where  it  shall  please  my  Ex  hereafter  named 
to  apoint  and  now  for  the  setling  of  my  temporall  estate  and  such  goods 
chatties  and  debts  as  it  hath  picsed  God  far  above  my  desarts  to  bestow 
upon  me  I  doe  order  give  and  dispose  the  same  in  manner  and  form  follow- 
ing that  is  to  say 

First  I  will  that  all  these  debts  and  dutys  as  I  owe  in  right  or  consience 
to  any  manner  of  pson  or  psons  whatsoever  shall  be  well  and  truly  con- 
tented and  payd  or  ordained  to  be  payd  with  them  convenient  time  after 
my  decease  by  my  Execu'rx  hereafter  named. 

I  will  that  my  deare  wife  Ann  Jones  being  Exect'rx  after  my  death,  I 
give  and  bequeath  unto  my  deare  wife  all  my  personall  estate  and  to  her 
ers  [heirs]  all  my  psonall  estate  excepting  the  legacies  as  after  shall  be 
mencened. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  John  Grosch  [Gorsuch]  and  Tho: 
Gorash  [Gorsuch]  equally  to  be  divided  between  them  both  and  to  their 
heirs  four  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  called  ye  Midians  [Maiden's] 
Choyce. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Frances  Toodd  and  her  heairs  two 
hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  land  called  the  long  point  at  the  head  of  baj's 
[Back]  River. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Abuillye  [Averilla]  Tood  on[e]  hun- 
dred and  thirty  acres  of  land  called  by  the  name  of  Jones  Fortin  [Chance] 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  James  Toodd  eirt[y]  acres  of  land 
belonging  unto  Black  Walnot  Neck  and  to  his  heairs. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Robert  Gepson  [Gibson]  two  hundred 
acres  of  land  called  Marrayland  [Marybone  or  St.  Mary  Bow] 

Item.  1  give  and  bequeath  unto  Edward  Norish  [Norris]  on  cow  and 
calfe  to  be  delivered  this  next  year. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Sarah  Garnt  [Garnet]  on  cow  and 
calfe  to  be  delivered  next  year. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Moyciss  [Moses  Groome]  Grome  one 
cow  and  calfe  to  be  dd  this  next  year. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Danall  Walch  one  cow  and  calfe  to  be 
dilivered  the  next  year  insucing. 


r    T;; 


f  T'   H'  -"-^r'-.-in    fc" 


"f  O)  rrs  ■900  |1 


GENEALOGY.  437 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  my  deare  shister  Elizabeth  Jons  my 
now  dwelling  Plantation  with  all  the  land  belonging  unto  it  after  my  wifes 
decease. 

Item.  I  will  that  if  in  case  my  sistor  dyes  before  my  wife  that  then 
I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Frances  and  Abiell  [Averilla]  Todd  aforesaid 
after  ye  decease  of  my  wife. 

Item.  I  bequeath  that  servant  before  next  yeare  to  my  wife  that  is  at 
her  demand  and  his  name  George  Williams  all  in  genrall  only  I  give  and 
bequeath  unto  Robert  Jopson  [Gibson]  on  neger  after  the  dece'd  of  my 
wife. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Miles  Gipson  [Gibson]  on  guld  ring 
of  twenty  shillings  price. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  John  Williams  one  gold  ring  of  twenty 
two  shillings  price.     Ass  witness  my  hand  and  scale  ,..,  ,,    ^^. 

his 
;  ..  David      X      Jones  (SEALED) 

mark 
'  John  Roch,  Mathew  Hidson,  Wolfan  Hunt  [Witnesses] 

Merandom  14th  day  of  March  Mathew  Hudson  and  Wolfan  Hunt  did 
prove  this  within  menconed  will  upon  oath  before  me  to  be  the  act  and 
deed  last  Will  and  Testament  of  David  Jones  latly  deceased.  Given 
under  my  hand  this  11th  day  of  March  1686  [-7].  ,.  ,.    , 

John  Boring 

A  careful  study  of  David  Jones's  will  has  cleared  up  many  obscure 
points.  Midians  Choyce,  450  acres  left  to  John  Grosch  and  Tho:  Gorask 
and  their  heirs,  explains  how  Maidens  Choice  purchased  by  David  Jones 
Dec.  8,  1679  from  his  brother-in-law  Charles  Gorsuch,  came  into  the 
possession  of  John  and  Thomas  Gorsuch,  sons  of  Charles  Gorsuch'*,  who 
disposed  of  it  March  11,  1708-9  to  Thomas  Cromwell  (see  Charles  Gor- 
such* post),  which  has  never  before  been  understood.  The  tract  Long 
Point,  250  acres,  on  Back  River  left  to  Frances  Toodd  and  her  heirs,  . 
which  tract  was  patented  by  David  Jones  in  1682,  and  later  turns  up  in 
the  possession  of  Richard  Cromwell,  will  be  further  discussed  under 
Frances  Todd^  (Anna  Todd^).  The  tract  JonesFortin,  130  acres  left 
to  Abuillye  [Averilla]  Todd  appears  to  be  the  tract  Jones  Chance,  130 
acres,  on  Old  Road  Creek  patented  by  him  1682.  The  uimamed  tract 
on  Black  Walnut  Neck,  SO  acres,  left  to  his  step-son  James  Todd  and  his 
heirs  was  probably  Jones  Adventure,  or  Jones  Venture,  80  acres,  as  it  is 
called  in  the  Rent  Roll.  The  tract  Marrayland,  250  acres  left  to  Robert 
Gepson  was  Maryborne  or  St.  Mary  Bow  purchased  by  Jones  from  Charles 
Gorsuch  Dec.  8,  1679,  and  now  left  to  Robert  Gibson,  the  son  of  Miles 
Gibson  and  Armc^  Todd,  his  wife,  the  step-daughter  of  Jones.  His 
"now  dwelling  Plantation  with  all  the  land  belonging  unto  it"  which 
he  leaves  to  his  wife  during  her  lifetime,  and  after  his  wife's  death  to  his 


n:i 


bHoW  *jt 


.u:  )":/     ■:;■/(    .;i';   ■  >; 


438  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

sister  Elizabeth  Jones,  to  pass  to  Frances  and  Abiell  [Averilla]  Todd, 
who  are  also  his  step-daughters,  provided  his  sister  Elizabeth  died  during 
the  lifetime  of  his  wife,  was  certainly  the  tract  Cole's  Harbor,  550  acres, 
which  he  had  bought  from  Charles  Gorsuch  Dec.  8,  1679,  and  may  have 
included  also  the  adjoining  tract  Monteney's  Neck,  200  acres,  which 
he  had  bought  from  Sam.uel  Wheeler  in  1685.  The  bequests  of  stock  to 
sundry  individuals  have  no  special  interest,  but  the  bequest  to  '"Miles 
Gipson  [Gibson]  on  guld  ring  ot  twenty  shillings  price"  recalls  the  epibode 
of  the  lost  ring.  The  subsequent  history  of  some  of  the  tracts  disposed 
of  under  the  will  of  David  Jones  will  be  later  gone  into  in  detail  for  reasons 
which  v/ill  be  discussed  more  fully  under  James  Todd-*  (see  post). 

The  date  of  Anna"*  Gorsuch's  marriage  to  her  third  husband  Capt.  John 
Oldton  is  not  known.  She  had  m.arried  sometime  prior  to  August  1693 
when  John  Copas  brought  suit  against  John  Oldton  and  Ann  his  wife, 
relict  of  David  Jones,  in  a  dispute  about  the  ownership  of  a  heifer  (Balto. 
Co.  Ct.  Proc.  1691-3;  4S4-5).  Capt.  John  Oldton  was  prominent  in  the 
affairs  of  Baltimore  County.  He  got  into  serious  trouble  as  the  result 
of  an  affray  with  Dennis  Garrett,  a  prominent  planter,  which  caused 
Garrett's  death.  Oldton,  says  the  old  record,  hit  Garrett  on  the  fore- 
head with  his  sword  "of  the  value  of  twenty  shillings."  The  occurrence 
took  place  July  31,  1691,  and  Garrett  languished  away,  dying  Sept.  2. 
Oldton  was  condemned  to  be  hanged  but  afterwards  "the  said  Oldton 
was  graciously  pardoned  by  the  Majesty's  pardon  in  the  usual  form." 
(Annap.  Judgements  D.  S.  no.  C;  15).  Perhaps  this  demonstration  of  his 
prowess  with  the  twenty  shilling  sword  had  something  to  do  v/ith  his 
appointment  by  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Maryland  March  23,  1G94-5 
as  Commander  of  the  Baltimore  County  Rangers,  which  post  he  contin- 
ued to  hold  for  several  years  and  to  which  he  owes  his  title.  (Archiv. 
Md.  20).  Oldton  was  commander  of  the  "Garrison",  a  fort  which  he 
built  on  the  south  side  of  the  Green  Spring  Valley  upon  what  is  now  known 
as  the  Cockey  farm  near  Roger's  Station.  The  name  still  lives  in  "Garri- 
son Forest  Church"  as  old  St.  Thomas's  in  the  Valley  isfamiliarly  known. 
The  Baltimore  County  Rangers  whose  headquarters  were  the  Garrison 
appear  to  have  patrolled  a  backwoods  trail  extending  from  the  head- 
waters of  the  main  falls  of  the  Patapsco  to  the  Susquehanna,  along  which 
were  built  small  auxiliary  garrisons  or  "cabins."  Oldton  signed  Nov. 
1696  with  other  civil  and  military  officers  of  the  Province,  an  address 
to  the  King  congratulating  him  upon  his  escape  from  attempted  assassi- 
nation (Arch.  Md.  20,  544).  The  Baltim.ore  County  Rent  Roll  for  1700 
refers  to  him  as  being  then  in  England  (Md.  Hist.  Soc.  MSS).  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Grand  Jury  of  1708  (Balto.  Co.  Ct.  Proc.  IS:  B;  1). 
Oldton  v/as  an  extensive  land  holder.  He  owned  a  tract  called  Oldton's 
Garrison,  which  he  afterwards  sold  Nov.  11,  1699  to  Thomas  Cromwell 
and  James  Murray  (Balto.  Co.  Deeds  IR:  PP;  159).  This  was  located 
in  the  Green  Spring  Valley  near  the  Garrison  fort.  Other  tracts  owned 
by  him  were  Fellowship,  200  acres,  surveyed  for  him  June   12,   1C06; 


vi'wrf^ 


"=  •  .  GENEALOGY.     V     .^  .  '  439 

Friendship,  250  acres  [about  a  mile  southeast  of  Towson],  sold  Sept.  2, 
1702  by  him  to  Edward  Stevenson  (.idem;  TR:  RA;  IGo);  Leakins,  part  of 
Thurrell's  Neck,  on  Back  River  sold  to  John  Harriman  July  24,  1704 
(idem;  HS  no.  2;  167);  and  Darley  Hall  300  acres.  This  last  tract  was 
located  in  what  is  now  Baltimore  City  in  the  neighborhood  of  North 
Avenue  and  Harford  Avenue,  and  was  sold  by  him  to  John  Ensor,  Nov. 
13,  1697  (idem;  IR,  AM  104).  The  date  of  the  death  of  his  wife  Anna"* 
is  not  known,  but  Oldton  had  married  prior  to  Sept.  2,  1702,  Mary  the 
widow  of  Francis  Watkins,  she  joining  him  in  the  deed  to  Stevenson. 
Francis  Watkins  had  married  as  his  first  wife  Christina  Waites,  whose 
mother  Jane  had  married  as  her  second  husband  John  Dixon,  Justice 
of  the  Baltimore  County  Court.  The  latter' s  granddaughter  Penelope 
Scudamore  became  the  wife  of  James  Todd.  James  Todd  was  John 
Oldton's  stepson  (see  James^  Todd,  post).  There  is  a  deed  of  gift  from 
Francis  Watkins  to  his  "mother-in-law"  [step-mother]  Mary  Oldton 
in  the  Baltimore  County  Land  Records.  John  Oldton  died  between  May 
4,  1709  the  date  of  his  will  and  June  30,  1709  the  date  of  probate.  He 
left  his  entire  estate  to  his  wife  Ivlary  mentioning  by  name  the  tracts 
Kindness  200  acres,  the  Bold  Adventure  IGO  acres,  and  Pimlico  (Annap. 
Wills;  12  Part  2;  105). 

The  identity  of  Anna*  Gorsuch  is  established  beyond  doubt.  The 
deed  of  gift  from  Anna*  Todd  to  her  children  dated  Jan.  18,  1G76-7,  al- 
ready referred  to,  appoints  "my  beloved  brother  Charles  Gorsuch  my 
attorney  to  acknowledge  same."  (Balto.  Deeds  1.  S:  IK;  57).  There 
is  a  also  a  power  of  attorney  from  Ann  Jones  to  her  son  Miles  Gibson  to 
acknowledge  for  her  the  sale  of  Jones  his  Range  to  her  brother  Charles 
Gorsuch,  Dec.  9.  1679  (idem  61).  Again  in  connection  with  the  sale  by 
Charles  Gorsuch  and  his  wife  Sarah  to  David  Jones  of  Coles  Harbor  and 
other  tracts  Dec.  7,  1679,  Charles  and  his  wife  Sarah  appoint  "cozen 
Miles  Gibson,"  their  attorney  to  acknowledge  this  conveyance  of  the 
same  "to  our  brother  [brother-in-law]  David  Jones"  (idem,  60).  Charles 
Gorsuch,  May  26,  1680,  in  a  letter  appointing  Miles  Gibson  [who  married 
Anne^  Todd]  his  attorney,  signs  himself  "thy  loving  uncle"  (idem  IR: 
PP;  49).  The  will  of  Frances  Lovelace  of  Baltimore  County  1G94,  a 
connection  of  the  Gorsuch  family,  refers  to  her  as  his  "cozen  Anna  Jones." 

Anna*  Gorsuch  died  between  May  23,  1694  when  she  appears  as  a  wit- 
ness of  the  will  of  Edith  Beacher  of  Patapseo  River  (Balto.  Co.  Court 
Proc.  R.  M:  HS.  no.  1;  550)  and  Sept.  2nd  1702,  when  John  Oldton,  her 
third  husband,  is  jomed  in  a  deed  by  his  second  wife  Mary.  She  had 
probably  died  prior  to  Nov.  13,  1G97  for  Oldton  at  this  date  executed  a 
deed  in  which  no  wife  joins. 

Anna*  Gorsuch  appears  to  have  had  issue  only  by  her  first  husband 
Capt.  Thomas  Todd.  Certainly  the  will  of  her  second  husband  Capt. 
David  Jones  shows  that  he  left  no  issue.  She  was  a  woman  of  nearly 
fifty  when  she  married  her  third  husband  Capt.  John  Oldton.  The  eldest 
son  of  Thomas  and  Anna*  Todd  was  Thomas^,  his  heir,  born  in  1600  (see 


Ofa^ 


440  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE.  *  ' 

Thomas''  Todd  post).  The  names  of  two  other,  sons  John  and  Robert 
living  Aug.  17,  1664  are  learned  from  the  deed  of  gift  of  land  from  their 
father.  That  there  was  a  fourth  son  James,  probably  the  yoimgest,  is 
established  by  many  references  in  the  Land  Records.  Thus  in  a  con- 
firmatory deed  from  Thornas  ^Todd  to  Stephen  Johnson,  1694  it  is  re- 
cited that  Thomas  had  formerly  conveyed  a  certain  tract  to  his  brother 
James  (Balto.  Deeds  RM:  HS;  399).  From  the  rights  proved  by  Capt. 
Thomas  Todd  Apr.  5,  16G'J  naming  his  children  Robert,  Ann,  John, 
Johanna  and  Francis,  the  order  of  birth,  also  confirmed  by  the  will,  is 
ascertained.  From  Thomas  Todd's  will  the  name  of  a  fourth  daughter 
Aberill  [Averilla],  probably  born  after  Apr.  5,  1669,  is  learned.  That 
the  Richard  Todd,  who  was  among  the  other  24  headrights  proved  by 
Thomas  Todd  Oct.  15,  1671,  was  a  son  seems  rather  unlikely.  No  person 
of  this  name  later  appears  on  the  records.  In  previously  published  ac- 
counts of  this  family  it  has  been  stated  that  there  weie  three  other  sons 
Christopher,  Philip,  and  William.  There  is  no  evidence  to  support  this 
statement.  The  error  seems  to  have  arisen  several  years  ago  in  mis- 
taking the  will  of  Thomas  Todd^  of  Baltimore  County  died  1715,  v,-ith 
that  of  his  father  Thomas^  of  Virginia  who  really  outlived  his  son  by 
ten  years.  In  this  will  Thomas^  mentions  his  brothers  William,  Philip 
and  Christopher.  These  were  therefore  grandsons  and  not  sons  of  Thorn- 
as and  Anna*  Todd,  there  being  no  evidence  of  other  children  than  the 
four  daughters  and  four  sons  given  above. 

(To  be  continued) 


The  Ancestors  and  Descendants  of  John  Rolfe,  with  Notes  on  Some 

CONNECTUD   F.\.\lILIi:S. 


The  Fleming  Family. 
(Concluded) 
17.  John  Fleming  (John^,  John^,  Charles^)  entered  the  military 
service  of  his  country  at  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution.  The  Virginia 
Gazette  of  Oct.  21st,  1775  says:  "Two  companies  of  regulars  are  just  ar- 
rived [in  Williamsburg!  viz..  Captain  John  Fleming's  from  Henrico,  and 
Captain  Robert  Ballard's  from  Mecklenburg."  On  March  26,  1776  com- 
missions, to  date  from  January  27th,  were  issued  to  Captain  John  Flem- 
ing and  his  subalterns  (Council  Journal)  though  according  to  Heitman, 
he  was  commissioned  captain  in  the  1st  Virginia  regiment  Oct.  2d,  1775. 
The  records  of  the  War  Department  give  the  former  date,  while  a  report 
of  J.  H.  Smith,  Virginia  Commissioner  of  Military  Claims  says:  "John 
Fleming,  Captain  Continental  Line;  Captain  1st  regiment,  July  22d,  1776, 
and  August  7th,  1776  (see  Council  Journal  of  those  dates).  Died  in  ser- 
vice as  Major  (See  Certificate  of  Benjamin  Harrison  on  file  in  executive 


GENEALOGY.  '    '.-a-'-  '  441 

department).  His  heirs  received  5333H  acres  of  land.  Are  entitled  to 
additional  land  from  Aug.  7,  1776  to  the  end  of  the  war."  His  regiment 
marched  to  the  Northward  and  joined  the  army  under  Washington.  A 
return  of  the  1st  Virginia  regiment  Nov.  5,  1776,  shows  that  Captain  John 
Fleming  was  in  command,  all  the  field  officers  being  absent  sick  (Force's 
Archives).  He  led  hUs  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Princeton,  and  while 
acting  with  distinguished  gallantry,  was  killed.  Bancroft  says:  "In  this 
way  (while  rallyiiig  fugitives)  fell  Fleming,  the  gallant  leader  of  all  that 
was  left  of  the  first  Virginia  regiment."  Washington  wrote  to  Congress, 
January  5,  1777,  that  among  the  killed  at  Princeton  was  Captain  Fleming 
who  commanded  the  first  Virginia  regiment. 

The  Virginia  Gazette  of  January  24th,  1777,  has  the  following  notice 
of  his  death:  "By  accounts  from  the  northward,  we  have  the  melancholy 
news  of  the  death  of  Captain  John  Fleming  of  the  1st  Virginia  regiment, 
who  proved  himself  to  be  a  gallant  officer,  and  nobly  fell  on  the  3d  in- 
stant, near  Trenton,  at  the  head  of  his  company,  in  defense  of  American 
freedom.  He  was  universally  esteemed  by  those  who  were  acquainted 
with  him,  and  his  loss  is  much  regretted 

Lament,  ye  brothers — all  ye  brave  should  mourn 
And  drop  a  tear  of  pity  o'er  his  urn." 

The  same  paper  of  January  31st,  prints  a  letter,  "from  a  general  in  the 
Continental  service,"  dated  Trenton  Jan.  9th:  "We  lost  a  very  good  offi- 
cer Captain  Fleming  of  the  3d  [1st]  Virginia  batallion.  Within  ten  yards 
of  the  enemy  he  called  to  his  men,  'Gentlemen,  dress  before  you  make 
ready.'  The  British  troops  blackguarded  our  people  and  damned  them, 
'they  would  dress  them,'  and  gave  the  first  fire.  Our  men  placed 
their  fire  so  well,  that  the  enemy  screamed  as  if  devils  had  got  hold  of 
them.  They  were  encouraged  by  their  officers,  and  advanced  with  their 
bayonets,  'out  were  forced  out  of  the  field  by  the  brave  Americans." 

On  March  16,  1784  the  heirs  of  John  Flemmg,  major  in  the  Continental 
Line,  were  granted  a  bounty  of  5333  acres  for  his  services.  Governor 
Harrison's  order  for  this  grant  to  issue  was  as  follows: 

"March  17,   1784. 
Sir, 

You'l  please  to  issue  a  certificate  to  the  representatives  of  John  Flem- 
ing for  the  quantity  of  land  allowed  a  major,  in  which  capacity  1  know  he 
acted  when  killed: 
Col.  Meriwether  Benj.  Harrison." 

These  heirs  were  stated  in  a  certificate  by  Wm.  Fleming,  also  on  file 
in  the  State  Land  office,  to  be  Mary,  who  married  Warner  Lewis,  Esq., 
and  Susan  who  married  Addison  Lewis,  Esq.,  only  surviving  sisters  and 
coheiresses  of  the  said  John  Fleming. 

On  May  30,  1838  a  warrant  for  1142  acres,  additional,  was  issued  to  the 
representative  of  Major  John  Fleming.  Accompanying  the  warrant,  as 
on  file  in  the  Land  Office  following  certificate: 


It 


M'xl  M  thrukU" 


U'   .:  ::.'.j^'f. 


♦  »i3 


442  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  ■ 

"Gloucester  County,  Nov.  1838,  on  motion  of  Susan  Byrd  it  was  or- 
dered to  be  certified  tliat  satisfactory  evidence  was  adduced  to  the  Court, 
that  Mary  Ellis,  who  was  Marj'-  Fleming,  died  in  Gloucester  Co.,  having 
made  a  will,  and  said  will,  after  giving  some  pecuniary  legacies,  left  the 
residue  of  her  estate  to  her  niece  Susan  Byrd,  it  v/as  also  proved  that 
John  Fleming,  who  was  a  major  in  the  Continental  line,  died  intestate, 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Princeton,  and  his  nearest  heir  is  Susan  Byrd,  who 
is  the  only  heir  of  Susan  Lewis,  who  was  a  sister  of  Jolm  Fleming." 

2.     T.\rletok2  Fleming  (Charles^),  b. ,  d.  Nov.  or  Dec.  1750;  m. 

Hannah . 

Tarlcton  Fleming,  of  "Rock  Castle,"  Goochland,  was  one  of  the  jus- 
tices of  that  county  at  its  formation  in  1728,  and  sherifY  in  1730  and  1731 
(Goochland  records).  He  is  stated  to  have  married  Hannah  Bates, 
probably  a  daughter  of  John  Bates  of  York  Co.  There  is  recorded  in 
Goochland  a  deed  dated  17-14,  from  "Mrs.  Jane  Fleming"  to  Capt.  Rob- 
ert Moseley,  conveying  an  island  of  28  acres  in  James  River,  opposite 
"Fleming's  Rock  Castle  tract."  As  it  was  the  custom  in  that  day  to 
address  unmarried  women  as  "Mrs.,"  she  was  probably  a  sister  of  Tarle- 
ton  Fleming,  for  in  17-12  Tarleton  and  Hannah  Fleming  witnessed  the  will 
of  Isham  Randolph.  The  will  of  Tarleton  Fleming  was  dated  Oct.  30, 
1750,  and  proved  in  Goochland  Dec.  18,  1750.  He  gives  all  his  lands, 
stock,  interests,  furniture  and  other  estate,  real  and  personal,  to  his  son 
Tarleton,  except  v/hat  was  otherwise  devised.  To  his  daughters  Sus- 
anna, Hanna,  Elizabeth  and  Judith  £500  current  money  each.  Appoints 
his  son  Tarleton,  Jno.  Fleming,  Jr.,  Tarleton  Woodson,  Jr.,  Tarleton 
Woodson,  Sr.,  and  Jacob  Woodson,  executors.  Elizabeth  Bates,  Eliza- 
beth Woodson,  John  Bates,  Wm.  Fleming,  and  James  Meredith,  wit- 
nesses. 

Issue: 

2-4.    Tarleton^,  bom ,  d.  Jan.  1778;  m.  Mary  Randolph. 

25.  "Charles^  son  of  Tarleton  and  Hannah  Fleming  born  Dec.  10, 
1725"  (St.  Peter's  Register).     Doubtless  died  before  his  father. 

26.  Susanna^,  b. ,  d . 

27.  Hannah^,  married  Apr.  1756,  George  Webb,  Jr.;  28.  Elizabeth 
married  Josias  Payne,  Jr.,  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Gooch- 
land (marriage  bond  Aug.  23d,  1755,  Goochland  records);  29.  Judith-',  b. 

2-1.     Tarleton^  Fleming  (Tarleton^,  Charles'),  b. ,  d.  Jan.  1778; 

married  Mary,  daughter  of  Wm.  Randolph,  of  "Tuckahoc,"  Goochland. 

Col.  Tarlcton  Fleming  (as  he  was  styled  from  his  rank  in  the  m.ilitia) 
was  sheriff  of  Goochland  in  1771  (Goochland  records).  In  June  1773  he 
gave  a  deed  of  trust  on  51  negroes  to  Thos.  M.  Randolph,  of  Goochland, 
George  Webb  of  New  Kent,  and  Neill  Campbell  of  Henrico,  as  security 
for  £2074.16.8,  with  interest  from  Feb.  3d,  1772;  said  parties  being  his 
securities  in  a  debt  to  George  Kippcn  &  Co.  In  1775  and  177G  he  was  a 
member  of  the  County  Committee  of  Safety,  and  was  a  member  of  the 


I 


«/.  •    .    ^ 


.m  ;- 


fiuVjf-f«T      f 


lJ.»o 


444  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.  44.'. 

"      '   '  1'  Yeardley — Flo^^'brdewe — West. 

Notes  from  English  Records  in  reference  to  the  Yeardlev,  Flow- 
erdewe,  West  Families,  furnished  by  Miss  Ethel  G.  Grogan,  No.  55 
FiTz  George  Ave.,  Kensington,  W.  London,  Eng.,  at  the  instance 
of  Mr.  Griffin  C.  Callahan,  Phila.,  Pa.* 

' '  Will  of  Ralph  Yardley. 

(From  Water's  Gleanings.) 

Ralph  Yardley,  citizen  and  merchant  tailor  of  London  25  August  1603, 
proved  27  Feb.  1603.  After  my  debts  paid  and  my  funerals  discharged 
I  will  that  all  and  singular  my  goods  chattels  &  debts  shall  be  parted 
and  divided  into  three  equal  portions  according  to  the  laudable  use  and 
custom  of  the  City  of  London.  One  full  third  part  therof  I  give  and  be- 
queath to  Rhoda  my  wellbeloved  wife,  to  her  own  use,  in  full  satisfaction 
of  such  part  or  portion  of  my  goods,  chattels  and  debts  as  she  may  claim 
to  have  by  the  custom  of  the  same  city.  One  other  full  third  part  therof 
I  give  and  bequeath  amongst  my  children,  Raphe,  George,  John,  Thomas, 
and  Anne  Yardley  and  to  such  other  child  or  children  as  yet  unborn  as  I 
shall  happen  to  have  at  the  time  of  my  decease,  to  be  equally  parted, 
shared  and  divided  between  them,  and  to  be  satisfied  and  paid  to  my 
said  sons  at  the  accomplishment  of  their  several  ages  of  one  and  twenty 
years,  and  to  my  said  daughter  at  the  accomplishment  of  her  age  of  one 
and  twenty  years  or  marriage,  which  shall  first  happen,  etc.  etc.  And 
the  other  third  part  therof  I  reserve  to  myself  therewith  to  perform  and 
pay  these  my  legacies  hereafter  mentioned,  that  is  to  say,  I  give  and  be- 
queath to  the  poor  of  the  parish  of  St.  Saviours  in  Southwark  where  I 
now  dwell  twenty  shillings  to  be  divided  amongst  them  by  the  discre- 
tion of  the  overseers  of  the  poor  there  for  the  time  being,  and  to  such  of 
the  bachelors  and  sixteen  men  of  the  company  of  merchant  tailors  London 
,  as  shall  accompany  my  body  to  burial  twenty  shillings  for  a  recreation 
to  be  made  imto  them,  and  to  the  Vestrymen  of  the  said  parish  twenty 
shillings  more  for  a  recreation  to  be  made  unto  them.  I  give  and  be- 
queath unto  my  sister  Palmer  a  ring  of  gold  to  the  value  of  six  shillings 
eight  pence,  and  to  my  cousin  John  Palmer  her  husband  a  like  ring  of  the 
like  value,  and  to  my  daughter  Earby  my  first  wife's  wedding  ring,  and 
to  my  son  Erby  her  husband  my  best  cloak,  and  to  my  cousin  Richard 
Yearwood  my  black  cloth  gown  of  Turkey  fashion.    '  The  rest  and  residue 

*Note — We  have  had  extensive  investigations  made  in  England  as  to  the 
ancestry,  etc.,  of  Sir  George  Yeardly,  with  a  view  of  correcting  an  error 
in  a  footnote  (prepared  by  us)  in  the  Yeardly  Pamphlet  prepared  in  1896 
by  the  late  Thomas  T.  Upshur.  These  notes  are  the  result  of  those 
investigations. — Griffin  C.  Callahan. 


.sj^is.'  -nofTerii 


to 


^'  ■    •■     GENEALOGY,        '•-''•■•'■  445 

of  all  and  singular  my  goods,  &c.,  I  wholly  give  unto  my  said  children 
&c.  &.C.  Item — I  give  and  bequeath  to  my  brother  Thomas  Yardley  a 
ring  of  gold  of  the  value  of  six  shillings  eight  pence.  And  I  ordain  and 
make  the  said  Raph  Yardley  my  son  to  be  Executor  &c.  and  the  said 
Richard  Yarwood  and  my  son  Edward  Earbye,  overseers.  As  to  my 
freehold  lands  and  hereditiments  I  will  devise  give  and  bequeath  my 
messuage,  lands  &c.  in  South  walk  or  elsewhere  with  my  said  children 
&c.  24  Harte. 


Acts   of  the   Privy  Council    (Colonial)   Calendar. 

1613-1680  '"  ■'■  " 

p.  149  Whitehall,  30  June,  1630.  '  j 

[abridged  copy.] 

A  petition  was  this  day  presented  to  the  Board  by  Francis  West  Esq. 
late  Governor  of  Virginia,  shewing  that  Sir  George  Yardley,  knight, 
about  three  years  since  by  his  last  will  bequeathed  to  Dame  Temperance 
his  then  wife  (whom  he  made  his  sole  executrix)  all  his  household  stuft 
in  his  house  in  St.  James  City,  and  likewise  ordained  that  all  his  ether 
estate  in  Virginia  should  be  sold  by  her;  and  disposed  of  for  tobacco, 
to  be  conveyed  into  England,  and  that  a  third  part  thereof  should  be 
for  the  use  of  his  said  wife,  and  the  other  two  parts  for  his  three  children. 
The  said  Sir  George  soon  after  died,  and  the  Petitioner  marrying  his 
widow,  did  during  her  life  wholly  refer  unto  her  the  ordering  of  all  the 
said  Sir  George's  estate,  who  according  to  the  intent  of  the  said  will 
converted  such  part  thereof  as  aforesaid  into  tobacco,  and  sent  the  same 
for  England,  which  coming  into  the  hands  of  Ralphe  Yardley  citizen  and 
Apothecarie  of  London,  and  brother  to  the  said  Sir  George,  and  he  being 
by  this  means  possessed  thereof,  and  understanding  that  the  Petition- 
er's said  wife,  was  since  deceased  in  Virginia,  under  pretence  of  affection 
to  the  said  childj'f'n  procured  to  himself  as  well  the  administration  of  the 
said  Sir  George's  estate,  as  also  the  administration  of  the  goods  and 
chattels  of  the  Petitioner's  said  wife,  and  being  thus  possessed  of  the 
estate  aforesaid,  doth  refuse  to  account  with  the  petitioner  for  the  same, 
or  to  come  to  any  reasonable  or  friendly  mediation  or  agreement  with 
him,  and  therefore  the  Petitioner  humbly  sought  to  be  relieved  herein 
by  order  from  the  Board. 

i' -  ■    <     '    '■■•        (To  be  Continued)  .•:.'■■.:!■  ;•  •-, 


a*» 


W    .b^iUiH  »iU  moil  iat>T;o  yn 


446  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

BOOK  REVIEWS. 


Life  akd  Letters  of  Dolly  Madison.    Allen  C.  Clark,  Washington, 
D.  C.     Press  of  W.  T.  Roberts  Company,  1914,  pp.  517,  with  45 
illustrations. 
No  American  woman  was  more  beloved  in  her  day  than  Dolly  Madison, 
and  no  one  has  since  been  regarded  with  a  more  sympathetic  and  senti- 
mental interest.     This  large  and  handsome  book  not  only  contains  very 
many  letters  to  and  from  Mrs.  Madison,  but  also  others  about  her  and 
her  distinguished  husband.     It  is  a  valuable  contribution  to  the  social 
and  general  history  of  the  period. 

Fenwick  Allied  Ancestry.  Ancestry  of  Thomas  Fenwick  of  Sussex 
County,  Delaware,  Provincial  Counsellor  (etc.).  By  Edwin  Jaquett 
Sellers,  Philadelphia,  1916,  pp.  191. 
This  book,  prepared  with  the  care  and  thoroughness  of  all  of  Mr. 
Sellers'  genealogical  work,  is  a  store-house  of  information  in  regard  to  a 
great  number  of  prominent  European  families,  from  whom  the  Fenwicks 
descended.  Thomas  Fenwick  settled  first  in  Maryland,  removed  to 
Lower  Norfolk,  Va.,  where  he  married,  returned  to  Maryland  and  ulti- 
mately settled  in  Delav.'are  where  he  became  a  prominent  man. 

Life  of  Henry  Winter  Davis.  By  Bernard  C.  Steiner.  John  Murphy 
Company,  Publishers.  Baltimore,  Md.,  1916,  pp.  415. 
This  is  a  very  interesting  life  of  a  distinguished  man,  and  fills  a  gap  in 
American  biography.  The  short  autobiography  which  is  included  is 
especially  valuable  on  account  of  the  insight  it  gives  into  Senator  Davis' 
character.  For  a  man  who  had  not  had  opportunity  for  very  thorough 
classical  study  and  who  only  stiuded  a  short  time  at  the  University  of 
Virginia,  to  pronounce  the  great  Grecian,  Gesner  Harrison,  "a  plodding 
P-'dant"  was,  to  say  the  least,  a  rash  judgement. 

The  Founding  of  Spanish  California.    The  Northwestward  Ex- 
pansion OF  New  Spain,  16S7-1783.     By  Charles  Edward  Chapman, 
Ph.  D.,  Assistant  Professor  of  History  in  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia.    New  York,  The  MacMillan  Company  1916,  pp.  483,  with 
a  portrait  and  six  maps. 
Dr.  Chapman  seeks  to  show  in  this  volume  that  the  Spanish  occupation 
of  California  in  the  years  just  prior  to  the  American  Revolution,  was,  in 
a  great  degree,  responsible  for  the  later  acquisition  of  American  frontage 


lO    .id  9?. 


rdT 


BOOK   REVIEWS.  '  447 

on  the  Pacific.  The  early  settlement  of  1769,  the  founding  of  San  Fran- 
Cisco  in  1776  and  its  significance,  the  developement  of  California  by 
Spain,  the  designs  of  England  and  Russia  and  the  massacre  of  1781  are 
among  the  topics  taken  up.  The  materials  employed  by  the  author  are 
for  the  most  part,  new,  and  were  found  by  him  at  the  Archivos  General 
Indias  during  two  years  residence  in  Seville,  Spain. 

Maxwell  History  and  Genealogy.    Including  the  Allied  Families  of 
Alexander,  Allen,  Bachiler,  Batterton,  Beveridge,  Blaine,  Brew- 
ster,  Brown,   Callender,   Campbell,   Gary,   Clark,   Cowan,   Fox, 
Dinwiddie,  Dunn,  Eyler,  Garretson,  Gentry,  Guthrie,  Houston,' 
Howard,  Howe,  Hughes,  Hussey,   Irvine,  Johnson,  Kimes,  Mc- 
Cullough,  Moore,  Pemberton,  Rosenmuller,  Smith,  Stapp,  Teter, 
Tilford,  Uzzell,  Vawter,  Ver  Plank,  Walker,  Wiley,  Wilson.     By 
Florence  Wilson  Houston,Laura  Cowan  Blaine,  Ella  Dunn  Mellette. 
Also  Baptismal  Record  of  the  Rev.  John  Craig,  D.  D.,  of  Augusta 
County,    Virginia,    1740-1749,    containing    One    Thousand    Four 
Hundred  and  Seventy-four  names  (First  Publication  of  the  Original 
Record).     Press  of  C.  E.  Pauley  &  Co.,  Indianapolis  Engraving 
Co.,  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  pp.  641,  with  50  illustrations. 
The  title  page  of  this  very  comprehensive  book  is  so  full  that  but  little 
other  description  is  needed.     After  an  account  of  various  branches  of  the 
great  Scottish  house  of  Maxwell  (with  which  no  positively  proved  con- 
nection is  shown  or  indeed  claimed),  families  of  the  name  in  central  and 
western  Virginia  are  taken  up,  and  a  most  elaborate  and  carefully  studied 
account  is  given  of  Bezaleel  Maxwell  of  Albemarle  county,  and  of  his 
descendants  in  every  line.     These  have  been  very  numerous.     Then 
comes  a  "Maxwell  Miscellaney"  treating  of  various  persons  and  families 
of  the  name  on  America.     The  Craig  Register  is  a  document  famous  in 
Scotch  Irish  genealogy  and  its  publication  in  full  will  interest  great 
numbers  of  people.     The  book  is  a  remarkable  example  of  genealogical 
work. 

Genealogy  and  History  of  the  Newkirk,  Hamilton  and  Bayless 

^  Families.     By  Thomas  J.  Newkirk,  Evanston,  111.,  pp.  88. 
This  is  a  carefully  prepared  account  of  families  which  settled  in  New 
York  and  South  Carolina. 

French  Policy  and  the  American  Alliance  of  1778.     By  Edward  S. 
Corwin,    Ph.    D.,    Professor    of    Politics,    Princeton    University.' 
Author  of   "National   Supremacy,"    "The   Doctrine   of  Judicial 
Review"  etc.     Princeton  University  Press,   Princeton  1916    do 
436.  ^^' 

The  object  of  the  author  has  been  to  show  that  the  motive  of  Franc*. 
in  intervening  in  the  American  Revolution  was,  primarily,  to  recover 


^     .oniUrui^ 


•'R 


448  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

her  lost  preeminence  on  the  Continent  of  Europe.  He  also  gives  promi- 
nence to  the  embarrassment  caused  to  France  by  the  conflicting  interests 
of  her  allies,  Spain  and  America. 

The  Problem  of  the  Commonwealth.  By  Lionel  Curtis,  Toronto,  The 
MacMillan  Company  of  Canada,  London  (etc.),  1916,  pp.  248. 
The  problem  discussed  in  this  book;  how  a  British  citizen  in  the  Dom- 
inions can  acquire  the  same  control  of  foreign  policy  as  one  domiciled 
in  the  British  Isles,  is  one  of  the  utmost  importance,  not  only  for  the 
British  Empire,  but  for  the  world.  The  issue,  as  put  by  the  author 
is  whether  The  Dominions  are  to  become  independent  republics  or  wheth- 
er "the  world-wide  Commonwealth  is  destined  to  stand  more  closely 
united  as  the  noblest  of  all  political  achievements."  The  book  will  be 
read  with  an  interest  in  keeping  with  the  importance  of  its  subject. 

Negro  Ye.-vr  Book.    An  Encyclopedia  of  the  Negro,  1916-1917,  Monroe 

N.  Work,  in  charge  of  Division  of  Records  and  Research,  Tuske- 

gee  Normal  and  Industrial  Institute,  Editor.     Negro  Year  Book 

Company,  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  pp.  470. 

This  is  not  only  a  valuable  record  of  the  many  and  varied  activities 

of  the  Negro  race  during  the  past  year,  but  also  gives  much  historical 

information.     It  is  a  very  useful  work 


GENERAL    INDEX. 


Titles  of  Separate  Articles  are  Indicated  uy  vSmall  Capitals. 


Aarare,  2 

Aargan,  122,  303 

Aarwangcn,  294 

Abbe  Robin,  202 

Abbott,  389 

Abigaile,  Ship,  338 

Abingdon,  22,  315,  316 

Abney,  iv 

Aby,  66 

Accomac  Co.,  16,  20,  13G,  194,  308, 

397 
Achnacarry,  xxxi.x 
Ackland,  342 
Acts,   Number  of,    passed    in    Va. 

1660-1677,  78 
Adam,  270 

Adams,  180,  198,  213,  307,  iii,  iv,  x 
Addison,  iv 
Adkins,  274 
Adkinson,  274  ' 

Affoltern,  289  ,    . 

Africa,  117 
Aglionby,  299 

Agriculture  in  Va.,  1701;  31  el  seq 
de  Aguilar,  iv 
Aigle,  115 
Airey,  428 
Alabama,  203,  315 
Albemarle  Co.,  55,   180,   213,   221, 

331,  416,  X 
Aldermary  Church,  301 
Alderson,  vi 

Alexander,  98,  212,  319,  447,  iii,  iv 
Alexandria,  xx 
Alford,  94 


Alfort,  382 
Algonquian,  174 
Allan,  185 
Alleghany,  iii 

Allen,  161,  268,  306,  307,  392,  447, 

iv,  X 
Allerton,  152 
Allfords,  347 
x\lliance  Francaise,  vii 
Allim^ton,  340,  341    . 
Alnutt,  63 

Alsford  Co.,  385  ''     •  . 

Alston,  212,  314 
Alley,  274,  407  '  ' 

Alma,  381 
Amazon  River,  17 
Amberson,  Wm.,  note  on,  169 
American  Bar  Association,  vii 
Ames,  iv 
Ambl&r,  iv,  xi 
Amelia  Co.,  308,  393,  408 
Amherst  Co.,  106,  203 
Anabarett,  314  ,        ,.,^, 

Anbiirey,  202     .,  '    ,         Z, 

Ancastcr,  105 
Ancell,  194,  iv 

Ancient   and   Honorable   Artillery 

Company,  vii 
Anderson,   181,   192,  274,  314,  335, 

390,  443,  i,  iv,  vi,  Ivi 
Andovcr  Counly,  385 
Andrews,  iii,  iv 
Andrew.s — Correction,  194 
Ancsworth,  66 


t  ,v(  .ii(  ,TOC  ,811  .80! 

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450 


INDEX. 


Annapolis,  75,  83,  212,  217,  319,  427,  j 

42S,  431  i 

Anna  Land,  127  j 

Annf  Arundel  Co.,  93  I 

Anne,  Queen,  Proclamation  of,  125  j 

et  seq 

Annica,  186  j 

Ansley,  315  ; 

Antrim,  iv  '.         .       '  | 

Appomattox    C.    H.,     310,     xxiii, 

xxxiii,  xlii  j 

Apprentices  Library(Philadclphia)  ; 

^'"  .  i 

Archer,  xxxiii  ! 

Archer's  Hope,  62  i 

Archers,  Hope,  240,  247  j 

Ardon,  432 

Arkansas,  204  i 

Arlington,  '252  I 

Armagh,  County,  xiv  j 

Arms  Sent  to  Virginia,  1703,  152 

Arundel  Co.,  292 

Armistead,  109,  314,  371,  373 

Arnold,  309,  384,  389,  392 

Ashart,  182,  371 

Ashe,  179 

Ashford,  314 

Ashlen,  115 

Aston  Family,  67,  68 

Aston  Elizabeth,  Will  (1647)  with 

note, 66 
Aston  Simon,  Will  (1638)  with  note, 

66 
Aston,    Walter    and    Walter,    Jr., 

epitaphs  (1656-1666),  67 
Aston,66,  67,68,  112 
Ashwell,  407 
Athawes,  x 
Atkins,  Thomas,  Will  (1653)  with 

note,  261 
Atkinman,  192,  392 
Atkins,  iv 

Atkinson,  192,  273,  iv      ''  ^'  r/ 
Atlanta,  196 
Anbery,  alias  Smith,  413 


Auditor  General,  254 

Auditor    GENER-Ai,    Wm.    Bybd, 

Accounts,   1702,   154,   et  seq, 

395,  et  seq 
Augusta  Co.,  49,  50,  310,  408,  409, 

416,  447 
Augustine,  195 
" August ecnc,"  ship,  432 
Aurelius,  382 
Austin-Leigh,  iv 
Avelince,  239 
Avelings,  341,  3i2 
Avelon,  239 
"Avon  Hill,"  213 
Awconburys,  202 
Axtell,  iv 

Aylett,  392  ,,      >,, 

Ayleway,  251 
Aytrs,  180 

"Bachelors  Plantation,"  319 

Bachiler,  447 

Back  River,  218,  429,  433,  437 

Bacon,  77,  252,  iii 

Bacon's  Rebellion,  104  el  seq,   250 

el  seq 
Baden,  2S6 

Baedeker,  4,  7,  8,  9,  10 
Bagby,  328,  329,  iv 
Bagnell,  iii 
Bailey,  202 
Baily,  32,  182 

Baker,  182,  268,  329,  390,  iv 
Baldey,  417 

Ball,  92,  93,  100,  109,  313,  381,  429 
Ballard,  77,  109,  112,  166,  194,  252, 

400,  401,  440,  IV 
Ballew,  199,  423 
Baltimore,  Lord,  217 
Baltimore,  81,  93,  202,  211,  433.  436, 

xvii 
Baltimore  Co.,  82,  215,  216,  217, 

218,  317,  318,  320,  425,  430,  432, 

433,  434,  440 
Bangor,  198  '      • 


.UNVH 


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t«i>  .I**^  .).4>.    Oil 


.VI"   r»v     ■• 


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451 


Baabtof.  237,  S3&.  M 
Baaks.  Hi  t 

h  •' 

H 

Barbovr.  i\ 

BarhA/a.  Itx 

Barkrt    l«  «2I 

BarkvU 

BwU»«^    \v  M* 

Bamyrat.  135 

Bamr.  ni 

Barer*.  W.  Ifi.  4S 

H  VI 

li    •  .    %i 

Harrrti.  I&3 

B^rthoi  ><nr«.  St 

|4  •         r: 

l!^  : 

Baa*^  '(^ 

Bau<- 

I' 

It  ii: 

I- 

H«irft.  ju».  411    «i:    • 

KfttcfvtlU'.  ^    .''^«    ■ 

liatrman.  ¥h    ^" 

fUthvra  * 
Battr.  IW.  a 
Battrrtcn.  417 
Batigh.  139 
BAvaria  3KS 
Baxtrr .  417 
Bayart).  302 
Bayard.  Mar?     •  ^«>i« 

16» 
Bayhc.  388 
Uaylry.  413 

B4Ttoa.  juMs    -••  3<J7  f / 

Baylor.  Johr   el    ItTi  Note 

873 


123 


on. 


teq 
on, 


Bayl.T.  307.  36.S.  369.  370.  371.  37J. 

r3 

Bayn  •.  jv 

Bcalc .  S6.  98,  415,  l-*7 

Beams.  1*72.  •*74 

Bean.  191 

n<asl(y.  180 

Hi  any.  iv 

Ikauinoiit,  62 

Ik  aver  Dan..  311 

B«fr..  191 

Boer,  iv 

Btckctl.  iv 

BrckUy.  3Wi.  39-.» 

BcclcAilh.  IV 

Bctkll.  Sir  John.  wHl  (1613).  265 

Ik  JcB.  Sir  Thomas,  v. ill  (1613),  267 

Ik  Jill.  William,  will  ilCU'  v.ith 

not.-.  V\2 
IkJcll.  2C2.  2ti3.  2lii.  265.  JfC    21.7 

lk<J«-n»  in  Virj;im«.  265 

Ik^If-.i.l.  23 

iktHur.l.  200,  329 

B*  dfurd  Co  .  40.  .M.  100,  316.  317 

lUdfordthin-.  251.  2b5.  2W 

IkdingfuM.  .TSI 

lUimc.  iv 

Bride r.  VI 

Ucll.  312.  3S8.  :J«I.  IV 

Iklfitld.    Jolin.    will    (10171    with 
note,  Ton 

Brlficld   family.    EnKlis'i.    i'si    uf 
wills  (.f.  270 

BclficUl.  IIU.  ItVS.  209.270 

•Belle  IsK."  312 

BiBinRcr.  IW 

Ikrlmunt,  iv 

Bell,  iv 

"Bilvidrrr."   225,  357 

••B.lvillo.-  310 

Bcr.U)Wf   37'J 

Bender,  1K5 

Bcrtct.  05 

Bennett.  Thos.,  note  on,  241 

Bennel.  411,  iv 


idl 


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fil'l-,TJ4£..- 


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452 


INDEX. 


Benskyn,    John,    will    (1617)    and 

note,  379 
Benskyn,  379,  380 
Bentley,  340 
Beresford,  84 
Berkeley,  77,  78,  82,  89,  109,  110, 

104,  166,  211,  215,251,  254,  255, 

420 
Berkeley,  Lady  Frances,  note  on, 

355 
Berkeley  Co.,  49 
Berkeley  Hundred,  146 
Bermuda,  98 
Bermudas,  293 
Bernard,  145,  210,  329,  385 
Berry,  166 
Berne,  1,  2,  113,  117,  275,  285,  289, 

293,  294,  295,  297,  298,  299,  300, 

301,  302,  303,  XV 
Berryville,  213 
Bernal  Diaz  del  Castillo,  334 
Bessmer,  197 
Best,  iv 
Baste,  142 
Bethersden,  90 
Bethlehem,  xv 
Betts,  198,  384 
Beverley,  15,  19,  24,  27,  28,  31,  33, 

35,  37,  39,  42,  77,  78,  79,  110, 

122,  123,  151,  166,213,  216,  226, 

253,  303,  336,  350,  390,  401,  421, 

447,  xi 
Beveridge,  iv     • 
Bewclett,  181 
"Bewdley,"  313 
"Bicars,"  421,  422 
Bickley,  64,  388,  391 
Bickford,  269 
Biddenden,  418 
Bigsby,  416 
Bignett,  268 
Billings,  191,  iii 
Binns,  329 

Bird,  192,  271,  272,  320,416 
Bishe,  407 


Biss,  421 

Bissing  von,  li 

Black  Bess,  ship,  56,  57,  58 

Blackburn,  213,  373 

Blackiston,  x 

Blackstock,  iv       '     ■'      . 

Blackwail,  G 

Black  Walnut  Neck,  428,  436 

Blackwater,  362 

Blackwell,  100,  101,  102,  204,  205, 

206,  312,  313,  iii 
Blackwell  Family,  99  et  seq  204 

et  seq,  312  et  seq 
Blagdin,  386 

Blair,  Dr.  James,  118,  119 
Blair,  23,  73.  110,  118,  119,  402,  iv, 

xlviii 
Blaine,  447 
Blake,  102,  427 
Bland,  96,  110,  203,  332,  x,  xi 
"Blandfield,"  xi 
Blaynie,  338,  343 
Blathwayt,  70,  75,  78,  79,  80,  155, 

157,  395 
Bledsoe,  xxvi,  xxvii 
Bleese,  426 

"Blenheim,"  331,  xlviii 
Blevins,  182 
Blow,  103,  iv 
Bloomfield  Parish,  212 
Bludworth,  380 
Blunt  Pomt,  340,  346 
Boah,  407 
Boatwright,  iv 
Bockius,  309 
Boghan,  184 
Bohun,  338,  xlviii 
Boisseau,  iv 
Bollin,  181 
Boiling,  196,  197,  200,  221,  222,  317, 

333,  iv,  vii 
BoLLiNG  H.\LL,  Bradford,  Eng., 

196 
Bolton,  314,  315     • 
Bonall,  340 


.doi:  .los  .fioi 


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81' 


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^K  .c" 


.©■^n  ,<j 


INDEX 


453 


"Bona  Nova,"  ship,  247,  337 

Bonaventure,  ship,  144 

Bond  Street,  431 

Bondeli,  John,  note  on,  295 

Bondurant,  199,  329,  iv 

Bone,  426 

Bonn,  285,  286 

Bonnus,  10,  283 

"Bonny  Bess,"  ship,  248 

Book  Reviews 

Burford  Genealogy,  106 
Burgesses,  House  of,   Va.  Jour- 
nals 1619-59,  224 
Capitol,  The  National,  A  History 
of.  Vol.  II,  By  W.  B.  Bryan 
335 

Commonwealth,  The  Problem  of 
■   the,  by  Lionel  Curtis,  448 
Constitutional   Conventions, 
State,    List    of    Documentary 
Material  Relating  to,  106 
Davis,  Henry  Wmter,  Life  of,  by 

B.  C.  Steiner,  446 
Emigrants  to  Virginia,   2d   Ed., 

by  W.  G.  Stanard,  224 
Empire   and   Armament,    J.    C. 

Wise,  223 
Fenwick  Allied  Ancestry,  by  E. 

J.  Sellers,  446 
French  Policy  and  the  American 
Alliance  of  1778,  by  E.  S.  Cor- 
win,  447 
H.JiKRisoNs  OF  Va.,  The  First, 

105 
Hord  Family  of  Virginia,  104 
Jcfferson-Lemen  Compact,  101 
Kentucky  in  the  War  of  1812.   By 

A.  C.  Quisenberry,  224 
Madison,  Dolly,  Life  and  Letters 

by  A.  C.  Clark,  446 
Majors,  The,   and  their  Mar- 
riages, 112 
Man's  Reach,  A,  by  S.  N.  Robins 
224 


Mastering  of  Mexico,   The,    by 

Kate  Stephens,  334 
Maxwell  History  and  Genealogy, 
by  F.  W.  Houston,  L.  C.  Blaine 
-     and  E.  D.  Mellette,  447 
Napoleon,  In  the  Footsteps  of, 

112 
Negro,    Education    of   prior    to 

1861,  106 
Negro  Year  Book,  An  Encyclo- 
pedia of  the  Negro  1916,17-448 
Preston  and  Va.  Papers,  Wiscon- 
sin Historical  Society,  107 
Revival,  The  Great,  in  the  West, 
1797-1805.     By    C.    C.    Cleve- 
land, 3M 
Richmond     College     Historical 

Papers,  Vol.  I,  No.  2,  335 
Spanish  California,  The  Found- 
ing  of,    by   C.    G.    Chapman, 
446 
Trezvant  Family,  107 
Virginia,   Bibliography  of.   Part 

I,  223 
Washington,     George,     Farmer, 
107 
Books,  369,  417,  443 
Booker,  iv 
Booth,  347,.432 
Booth,  ship,  233,  234 
Boothcs.  431 
Boreman,  iv 
Boring,  435 
Borough,  186 
Bosher,  iv,  vi 
Bostock,  67,  76 
Boston,  17,  45,  iii 
Botts,  314 
Bouldin,  313 
Boulton,  li 
Bound,  183 
Bourgeoisie,  iv 
Bowcock,  187 
Bowdle,  162,  321,  324,  325 
Bowles,  iv 


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INDEX. 


Buwen,  206 

Bowlin,  ISO 

Bowling,  189,  196,  197,  iv 

Bowmar,  lii,  liii 

Boyd,  J.  N.,  In  Memoriam,  Presi- 
dent's Address,  xW'i  el  seq 

Boyd,  xviii 

Boykin,  xviii,  xxxii 

Boyle,  Robert,  bequest  to  Wm.  & 
Mary  College,  Sec,  374  et  seq 

Boyle,  261,  37-t,  375,  iv 

Boys,  Boyse,  60,  3S9 

Brackelt,  311 

Bradbcrry,  1S3 

Bradfiel,  61 

Bradford,  196,  197 

Bradly,  227,  233,  351,  352,  353,  354, 
356 

Bradshaw,  iv 

Brafferton  Estate,  374  et  seq 

Brain,  351 

Bramby,  192 

Branch,  J.  P.,  In  Memorian,  Pres- 
ident's Address,  xxxiii  et  seq 

Branch,  329,  330,  iv,  xviii,  xxxiii, 
XXXV  ii 

Brandon,  415 

Brandyv.ine,  169,  312 

Brantield,  148 

Bransbie,  62,  63 

Branscomb,  305 

Braxton,  Mary,  will  (1653),  3S3 

Braxton,  383,  390,  393,  394 

Bray,  110,  166,  252 

Breda,  17 

Breissqua,  286 

Brend,  181 

Brent,  109,  203 

Brcwere,  246 

Brexton,  William,  will  (1634),  383 

Brewer,  410 

Brewster,  447 

Bridger,  166,  252 

Bridges,  152 

Brielle,  3,  290 


Brightwell,  390  .,,     ■ 

Brilston,  268 

Bringley,  401 

Brington,  262,  264 

Brissot  de  Warville,  202 

Bristol,  238,  317,  320,  405,  429 

Bristow,  Robert,  note  on,  251 

Briton's  Ferry,  209 

Broad,  218 

Broadbent,  395,  401 

Brodhead,   55,    16S,   169,   iv,   xviii, 

lii,  liv 
Brodhead,  Daniel,  note  on,  169 
Brodhkad,  Lucas,  In  Memoriam, 

President's  Address,  lii  et  seq 
Brodnax  Family  Enci.ish  Axcks- 

IRY,  417  el  seq 
Bronaugh,  312 

Brooke,  64,  99,  203,  309,  373,  iv 
Brooke — Corrections,  309 
Brookville,  310 
Browne,  Brown,  63,  84,  317,  384, 

393,  403,  447,  iv,  v 
Brownky,  393 
Browning,  196 
Brownswill,  209 
Bruce,  109,  309,  x 
Brueck,  285 
Bruggen,  2S6 
Bruise,  383 
Brunswick  Co.,  193 
Brunswick  Co.,  Wills,  xiii 
Bruton  Parish,  23,  xvi 
Bryan,  1S2,  335,  i,  iii,  v,  vii,  xxiii, 

xxviii,  Ivi 
Bryant,  iii,  xviii 
Bryce,  221,  222,  315 
Buchanans,  107 
Bucher,  410  ,       ;. 

Buckmastcr,  61 
Buckworth,  266 
Budlong,  V 
Buffalo,  307 
Buford,  316,  xviii 
Bukiv,  v 


Ml    Tl£   .16  .Uf 

V    .■•! 


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V     .'V^l/tl 


Im^    ,•     .  .'I'vi 


INDEX. 


455 


Bullard,  V 

Bulk-r,  10  ■  ' 

Bullitt.  97,  98,  212,  v 

Bullock,  190,  xlviii 

Bulress,  389 

Bumstcad,  309,  310,  311 

Bundeli,  294 

Bunys,  93 

Burch,  197 

BuRFORD  Genealogy,  Review,  106 

Burgesses,  House  of,  V'a.  Journals 

1619-59,  Review,  224 
Burgesses,  House  of.  Censured  by 

King,  1679,  252,  253 
Burgis,  186.  203,  389,  v 
Burke,  389,  393,  408 
Burland,  144,  145 
Burlington,  374 
Burks,  316 
Burner,  329 
Burnett,  ISS,  190 
Burr,  311 
Burrell,  3S9 

Burrows,  64,  241,  349 

Burrus,  389,  390,  v 

Burton,  329 

Burwell,  109,  110,  118,  265,  331,  332, 
373,  404,  405,  v 

Busbey,  245 

Bush,  240 

Bush  River,  433 

Bushrod,  Henry,  will  0614)  anfl 
note,  380 

Bushnell,  44,  168,  iii,  vi,  xi.  xv 

Bushwood,  152 

Buttiele,  68 

Button,  190 

Butts,  102 

Buzzard,  186 

Bynks,  144,  145 

Bynum,  186 

Bynum's  Run,  433 

Byrd,  30,  73,  95,  110,  HI,  154,  155, 
156,  157,  225,  226,  227,  228,  229, 
230,  231,  232,  233,  234,  235,  2.36, 


237,  256,  303,  304,  350,  351,  353, 
.360,  365,  366,  374,  395,  396,  .399, 
402,421,442,  v,  xvi 

Byrd,  Ursula,  Note  on,  350 

Byrd,  Wm.,  Auditor  General  Ac- 
counts 1702  I5i  etseq,  o9r>  ttseq 

Byrd,  William  (1st),  Letilrs  <je,_ 
225  et  seq,  350  et  seq  '     'i. 

Byrd,  Win.,  deposition  in  regard 
to,  1678,  77 

Byrd,  Wni.,  residence  in  1085,  357 

Cabell,  112,  iii,  vi,  Iv,  Ivi 

Cadix,  2.S3 

Caesar,  85 

Cage,  63 

Caius  College,  .373 

Calais,  9 

Caleb,  311 

California,  446,  447 

California  Society,  S.  A.  R.,  vii 

Calk,  183 

Callahan,  1S2,  441,  v 

Callender,  447 

Callis,  301 

Calloway,  180,  189,  272 

Calvert,  431 

Cambridge,  340,  373,  375 

Caniron,     185,     v,     xviii,     .\xxvii, 

xxxviii,  xxxix 
Cameron,     Alexander,    In  mem- 

oriuin      Presidents      Address, 
xxxvii,  et  seq 
Camden  Parish,  1S4 
Campbell,  179,  180,  245,  312,  394, 

409,412, 447, v 
Campbell,  St.  John,  note  on,  179 
Campble,  15 
Campeau,  iii 
Canada,  129,  238,  240,  244,  310,  342, 

343,  448 
"Canda,"  name  for  Maine,  23S 
Candler,  1S4 
Cannifax,  329 
Cannon,  208,  v 


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456 


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INDEX. 


Canterbury,  84,  89,  310,  430,  431 

Canton  of  Berne,  117 

Canton,  216,  285,  298,  299,  302 

Caulton,  268 

Cape  Cod,  56 

Cape  Florida,  58,  59 

Cape  Hatteras,  57,  406 

Capell,  267,  268 

Capitol  at  Williamsburg,  25 

Capital,  The  National,  A  His- 
tory OF,  Vol.  II,  1815-78. 
By  W.  B.  Bryan,  Review. 

Capps,  206,  V 

Captain  Pipe,  168 

Cardall,  307 

Card  in,  320 

CargiU,  V 

Carlisle,  xvii 

Carolina,  18,  .367 

de  Carniichael,  169 

Carnegie  Endowment  for  Universal 
Peace,  vi 

Carolus,  413 

Carixnter,  v 

Carr,  330,  388,  390,  391,  v,  xviii 

Carrail,  181 

Carriages,  36S,  443 

Carricks  Ford,  xxiv 

Carrington,  195,  327,  435 

Carroll,  219 

Carter.  73,  109,  110,  191,  199,  263, 
271,311,329,  331,317,416,  v,  x 

Cartluisian,  2S5 

Cartwright,  v 

Carver,  166 

Cary,  110,  154,  156,  249,  400,  401,447 

Castain,  122 

"Castle  Hill,"  55 

Castiglioni,  202 

CatLsbie,  266,  267,  26S 

Catlett,  v 

Cato,  305  ,  ;  , 

Catonsville,  434  .; 

Cattle,  36 

Cattle,  black,  368,  369,  370 


Catworth,  262,  264,  265 

Cavell,  li 

"Causeys  Care,"  68 

Cawthorn,  388 

Cazey,  182 

Cecill,  70,  75  ,, 

Central  City,  197 

ehadoin,  329 

Chadwell,  188,  191 

"Chairpinham,"  320 

Chaltm,  122 

Chamberlayne,  v 

Champe,  327,  333 

Champlin,  iii 

Chancel,  386 

Chancellorsville,  xxii 

Chandler,  v 

Channing,  194 

Chapman,  198,  446 

Chappawamsic,  105,  106,  211 

Chardc,  218,  261 

Chardleigh,  270 

Charing,  160 

Charity,  ship,  238,  240 

Charles  City,  112 

Charles  City  Co.,  67,  109,  212 

216,248,253,397,421 
Charles  Town,  107 
Charleston,  201,  212,  312 
Charlotte  Co.,  109,  201 
Charlottesville,  310 
Chartham,  159 
Chartreuse,  285 
Chastellux  Marquis  de,  202 
Chastain,  423,  424 
Chatham,  ISO,  309,  311,  xiii 
Chauncy,  v 
Cheai>eside,  267 
Chesapeake,  1,2 
Chesapeake  Bay,  16 
Cheshire,  387 
Chester,  211,  386,  xlviii 
Chester  Creek,  431 
Chesterfield  Co.,  94,  112,  210, 
Chew,  .391 


333 


91 


Otw  ,Vc 


7       (««j.Ovi,irj  70! . 


.<xi  sis.eoi 


)  rttvx  ,v  ,li.' 


102  ,0 
i/fx   : 


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INDEX. 


457 


Chicago,  viii,  xviii 
Chickahominy,  392 
Chicheley,  362,  364,  365,  366 
Chicheley,     Sir     Henry,     Deputy 

Governor,  254 
Chicheley,   Sir   Henry,   to  The 

King, 1679; 257,  258 
Chicheley,  Sir  Henry,  to  Secre- 
tary Coventry,  May  20,  1679; 

256,  257 
Childers,  iii 
Chiles,  165,  396 
Chilton,  100,  312,  313,  v 
China,  194 
Chinands,  202 
■'Chiny  Grove,"  100 
Chysman,  186 
Chisholm,  vi 

Choptank  River,  318,  319,  322,  323 
Christian,  112,273,  v,  vi 
Christ's  College,  334 
Christmas,  243 
Chuet  Co.,  384 
Church,  384 
Churches,  22,  115 
Churchill,  109,  110,  151,  189 
Chute,  385 

Cittinghorne,  160,  161 
Clack, 198 
Claiborne,    30,    62,    195,    332,    389, 

393,  v 
Claiborne  Note,  195 
Clainick,  182 
Clapman,  92,  93 
Clark,  Clarke,   195,  242,  264,  265, 

306,  307,329,  446,447,  V 
Clarkson,  99,  313 
Claud,  102 
Clayton,  96,  222,  v 
Clement,  69,  180,  192,  309,  311,  iii, 

V,  xiii,  XV 
Cleveland,  180,  334 
Cleyborne,  59,  60,  64,  143,  144,  145, 

241,243,246,247,345 
Clifton,  202,  203,413 


Clymers,  50.  51,  53, 172,  v  .:(; 

Cloke, 190 

ciough,  160,  391     t':'„  ■  ■  ■'    :r   .'. 

Clowgh,  159 

Coats  OF  Arms:  Gorsuch,  81; 
Corderoy,  385 

Coaches,  &c.,  in  Va.,  109,  110 

Coalman,  305 

Cobb,  199,  v 

Cobbs,  307,  308  i 

Cocke,  68,  209 

Cocking,  215 

Cocknell,  212 

Cor,  226,  227,  233 

Coffin,  v 

Coke,  202,  v         ■     .       ■  ■,   •' 

Coker,  239 

Colbarwick,  385 

Colchester,  Iii 

Cold  Comfort,  92 

Cold  Harbour  Farm,  418,  419 

Cole's  Harbor,  425,  433,  434 

Cole,  252,  314 

Coleman,  67,  v,  xxvii 

Coles,  221,  v 

Colley,  186 

Collie,  186 

Collier,  199,  305,  306,  307,  313 

Collins,  192 

Collison,  389        .    v    '    ,    ,  "  i  ■      •  ,■ 

Cologne,  285 

Colston,  213,  v         .     i  ;       .     .       ■ 

Columbia,  107,  211 

Columbia  University  Press,  vii 

Colombo,  17 

Columbus,  Christopher.  By 
M.  Stapely,  Notice,  111 

Combs,  320 

Comings,  345 

Commonwealth,  The  Problem  of 
the.  By  Lionel  Curtis,  Re- 
view 448 

Con,  181 

Condaman,  181 

Conemaugh  River,  15 


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458 


INDEX. 


Conerlcy,  409 
Conoley,  320 
Conover,  viii 
Conoy,  174 
CoN'RAU,  xviii,  Iv 

Constitutional        CoN\tNTiOKS, 
State,  List  of  Dcxumentary 
Material   Relating   to.     By 
A.  H.  Shearer,  Review,  106 
Convicts  sent  to  Va.,  163 
Conway,  99,  204,  420 
Cooger,  1S2 

Cook,  185,  272,300,  428,  iii.v 
Cooke,  84,  313,  v,xxii 
Coolidge,  V 

Cooper,  182,  183,  202,  329 
Cooperham.  389 
Cople  Parish,  151,  19{i,  251 
Copland,  Copeland,  181,  183 
Copland,  Peter,  note  on,  181 
Coppingford,  26G 
Corbett,  v 
Corbin,  100,  110,  151,  156,  313,  336, 

435,  iii,  V 
Cordcroy,    William,    will    (1623), 
with  note,  384 

Corderoy,  Cordray  Family,  Pedi- 
gree, 385 

Corn,  Indian,  31 

Cornelius,  186 

Cornell,  2 

Cornick,  322 

Cornish,  244,  245,  340,  344 

Cornwall  Parish,  201 

Cornwell,  66 

Corotoman  River,  92 

Corsica  Creek,  428,  431,  432 

Cortez,  334 

Corwin,  447 

Coshocton,  178 

Cossonay,  dc,  135 

Cottesbroke,  2GG,  268 

Cotton,  190 

Council     and     Gener.^,     Court 
MiNUTES,  1622-1029;  56,  el  seq, 


142,    et   seq,   238,   et   seq,   337, 

et  seq 
Council  Papers,  1698-1701;  70,  et 

seq,  151,  el  seq,  304,  el  seq  395, 

et  seq 
Council,  Va.,  1679,  166,  252 
Coulter,  413 
Courtney,  v 
Cousins,  329 
Covington,  264,  xviii,  Iv 
Cowan,  447 

Cowes,  9  -  •        '  '  -'■ 

Cowton,  181  • 

Cox,  183,  184,  190,  iii,  v 
Coxwell,  385 

Cradock,  Craddock,  389,  410 
Craford,  380,  381 
Craggs,  386 
Craig,  201,  447,  iii 
Crain,  v 
Crambray,  du.  Chevalier,  nott^  on, 

169 
Cranford,  Col.  Wm.,  note  on,  179 
Crawford,  173,  178,  329 
Crt-ed,  390 
Creek,  328 
Crenshaw,  v 
Crew,  62 

Cridlin,  388,  v,  viii,  xiii,  xv 
Crimes  in  Va.,  1752-55,  404  et  seq 
Cripps,  337,  339 
Crispe,  119,238,239,244,215,311.343, 

34-1 

Crittenden,  v 

Critz,  Hamon,  184 

Critz,  180 

Croasark,  v 

Crocker,  v 

Crockett,  v 

Crockett,  Davy,  By  W.  C.  Sprague 

notice.  111 
Croby,  190 
Cromwell,  421,  437 
Crosse,  384 
Crouch,  85 


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INDEX. 


459 


with 


229, 
2.59, 
363, 


229, 


ni, 


Croydon, 373 

Crump,  1S5,  328,  v 

Cryer,  19S,  33S 

Cuba,  197 

Culleton,  158,  370,  374,  379,  v 

Culpeper,  Lord,  165,  166 

Culpeper,  John,   will   (163C), 

note,  3S6 
Culpeper  Co.,  99,  101,  204,  212 
Culpeper,   163,  164,  227,  22S, 
232,  235,  236,  237,  2,J0,  251, 
260,  353,  355,  356,  357,  358, 
365,  366,  386,  410,  416 
Culpeper,  Lord,  80 
Culpeper,  ship,  226,  227,  228, 

235,  236,  237 
Cumberland  Co.,  94,  201,  208, 

327,  328,  423 
Cunningham,  190 
Curocoa,  17 
Curetons,  422 
"Currioman,"  100 
Curteys,  419 
Curtis,  110,  150,  448 
Cushman,  238 
Custis,  73,  154,  195,  252,  308 
Cuthbert,  1-52 
Cutright,  V 
Cutts,  285 


Dabney,  105,  316,  391,  v 

Dale,  146,  147 

Dallas,  218 

Dalton,  273 

Damarells-Damaris,     Cove,     239, 

244 
Damariuscove  Island,  239 
Dambrells  Cove,  343 
Dan  River,  186,  188,  274 
Dancy,  112 

Dandridge,  200,  201,  221 ,  332,  443,  v 
Dangerficld,  Daingerfield,  332,  v 
Daniel],  Daniel,  85,  151,  182,  xxviii 
Danish,  10 
D'Anvers,  415 


Danville,  50,  195 
Dargan,  211 
Darling,  v 
Darrant,  160 

Darrell,  Sir  Sampson,  Will  (1635), 

with  note,  158 
Daui^hine,  423 
David,  423  ■ 
Davenport,  101,  v 
Davies,  209,  268,  270 
Davis,  145,  183,  192,  202,  257,  258, 

260,  274,  305,  362,  391,  412,  427, 

446,  viii,  xx,  xxi,  xxvi 
D.wis,   Henry  Winter,   Life  of, 

By  B.  C.  Steiner,  Review,  446 
Davy,  159,  100 
Dawson,  110,  .329,  383,  410 
Deal,  273 
Deal  Castle,  8 
Dean,  306 

Deans,  329  !    '  ,  .-'  ,  :■.■  V 

Deats,  iii,  vi       '      ■ 
Decatur,  309        ; 
Decke,  387 

De  Jarnette,  77,  163,  250,  361,  ix,  xv 

De  Joux,  122 

Delaware,  37,  46,  55,  118,  174,  318, 

391,  446 
Delawares,  48,  49,  51,  52,  54,  168, 

169,  172 

Delaware  Indians,  note  on,  174 

Delaware  Town,  390,  391 

Delke,  346 

Dell,  236 

Demondader,  435 

Denham,  v 

Dennington,  385 

Dennis,  xxviii 

Denson,  185,  v 

Denton,  428,  432 

Denton  Creek,  4.33  '"" 

Depp,  329 

Deputy,  185 

Dcrnin,  408 


9&^ 


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ijif  .jrtoYuA'U 


460 


INDEX. 


Detroit,  47,  49,  51,  52,  53,  122,  172, 

178 
Dettingen,  212 
DettiBgen  Parish,  101 
Devonshire,  268,  270 
Dick,  294 
Dickey,  v 
Dickinson,  92,  93 
Dickson,  xiv 

Digges,  81,  101,  384,  418,  xlviii 
Dilingham,  272 
Dilke,  345 

Dillcn,  182  ': 

Dillenburg,  286 
Dillshay,  305 
Dinwiddie,  415,  447,  xlviii 
Dismunkes,  186 
Dividing  Creek,  318,  322,  323 
Dix,  John,  Note  on,  186 
Dixey,  264 
Dixon,  110,  186,  411 
Dodd,  66 
Dodds,  334 
Dodlcston,  386,  397 
Dodson,  186,  322,  326 
Dogget,  271 
Dolphin,  407  •' 

Donelson,  192 
Dooley,  iii 
Doolittle,  V 
Doran,  v 

Dorchester,  321,  381 
Doremus,  v 
Dorset,  County  of,  380 
Doughty,  68 
Douglas,  104 
Dover,  9,  95,  206 
Dowethome,  246 
Downer,  389 
Downing,  v 
Downman,  312,  313,  iii 
Dragon  Swamp,  136 
Drake,  28,  328,  xii 
Draper,  107 
Driscoll,  V 


Druid  Lake,  434 

Drury,  195 

Dublin,  68,  410      •  '  '' 

Dudley,  94,  166,  167,  186,  253,  255, 

316,  373,  iii 
Dugan,  393 
Dujoux,  122 
Duke,  73,  v 

Duke  of  Gloucester  St.,  25 
Dulany,  219 
Dumfries,  98,  99 
Dunbarr,  400 
Duncan,  102,  319 
Dungeness,  222 
Dunkin,  190,  192,  274 
Dunlop,  191,  405,  xxxvii 
Dunn,  183,  430,  447,  v 
Dunthorne,  246 
Dunwoody,  314 
Dupont,  V 
Dupree,  307 

Du  Qucsne,  168,  277,  299 
Durham,  428,  432 
Du  Rang,  284 
Durough,  180 
Durrett,  187 
Dusseldorf ,  284 
Dutch,  10,  56 
Dutoit,  122,  123 
Dutoy,  423 
Du  Val,  415,  V       ' 
Duysburg,  284 
Dwclley,  vi 
Dwight,  V 
Dyose,  352,  353 

Earbye,  445 
Earnest,  iii,  vi 
Easley,  v 

Eason,  192,  322,  324 
East,  V 

Eastermost  River,  426 
East  Sutton,  158,  159 
Eaton,  V 
Eckenrode,  336,  v 


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INDEX. 


461 


"Edgehill,"  213 

"Edgewood,"  313 

Edinburgh,  23,  194 

Edmond,  205 

Edmonds,  101 

Edmonton,  358  ' ' 

Edmunds,  195 

Education,  193,  241,  327,  372,  373 

Edwards,  63,  64,  190,  203,  218,  393 

Eggleston,  333 

Eldorado,  309 

Elizabeth  City,  146,  240,  241,  243, 
244,  246,  247,  248,  319,  340,  342 

Elizabeth  City,  Co.,  427 

Elizabeth  River,  426 

Elizabeth,  ship,  63.  64.  239,  244 

Elkins,  189,  190 

Ellett,  391,  443 

Ellington,  262 

Elliott,  385,  389,  394 

Ellis,  442,  V 

Ellison,  407 

Ellyson,  v,5^(? 

Else,  268 

Elsey,  69 

Eltonhead,     Henry,     will     (1620), 

with  note,  68 
Eltonhead,  Henry,  will  (1670),  68 
Elysone,  240 
Elzey,  212  '-    -   •■ 

Embrey,  v  '       ' 

Emerson,  347 
Emery,  Emory,  265,  307 
Emigrants  to  Va.,  2nd  Ed.,  By  W. 

G.  Stanard,  notice,  112,  224 
Emott,  270 
Empie,  vi 
Empire  and  Armament,  By  J.  C. 

Wise,  notice,  223 
England,  Child  sent  to,  1683,  233 
Engler,  67 
English,  vi 
Enslow,  315 
Ensor,  218 
Episcopal  High  School,  xx 


Epitaphs: 

Aston,  Walter  Sr.  and  Jr.,  (1656- 
1666),  67 

Gorsuch,  Daniel,  (1638),  SO 

245 
Epperson,  329 
Eppes,  110,  123 
Erskine,  314 
Essex  Co.,  136,  137,  138,  283,  353, 

354,391,397,405,407,410,416, 

viii,  xi,  liii 
Essex,  Earl  of,  xvii 
Eskridge,  316,  xi 
Eubank,  392 
Eustace,  312,  vi 
Evans,  274,  344,  348,  393 
Evanston,  447 
Evalto,  186 
Evenden,  385 
Ewens,  341 
Exeter,  270 
Eyler,  447 
Ezekiel,  vi 

Fairclough,  88 
Fairfax,  94,  386,  412,  vii,  viii 
Fairfax  Co.,  197 
Fairfield,  45 
Falkland,  336 

Falling  Creek,  20,  30,  121,  123,  148 
Farley,  240,  241,  272 
Fanning  in  Va.,  1625,  60,  61 
Fame-fold,  109 
Farragut,  vi 
Farrar,  148,  vi 
Farrell,  380 
Faulcon,  103  "     ' 

Faulkner,  158,  159,  vi 
Fauntleroy,  104,  110 
Fauquier  Co.,  99,  100,  101,  102,  204, 
205,  206,  211,  212,  312,  313,  xi 
Faust,  2,  301 
"Federal  Hall,"  100 
Fee,  185 
Feild,  vi 


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462 


INDEX. 


Feldhauscr,  202,  203,  vi 

Fells,  42(5 

Felton,  416 

Fenton,  317 

Fenwick  Allilu  Ancestry,  By  E. 

J.  Sellers,  Review,  446 
Ferdinand,  195,  415 
Ferguson,  192,  200,  221,  222,  271, 

305 
Fcrrell,  vi 
Feversam,  57  ; 

Fields,  189 
Fife,  vi 
Fillcy,  182 
Filmer,  Edward,  will,  (1653;,  with 

note,  160 
Filmer,  Robert,  will   (1629),  with 

note,  158 
Finley,  179,  428 

Fireworks,     Williamsburg',     1702. 
127,  et  seq 

Fisk,34 

Fisher's  Gap,  310 

Fite,  388 

Fithian,  x 

Fitz  George,  444 

Fitzhugh,  109,  213,  314,  373,  vi 

Fitzsimmons,  328 

Flagg,  198 

Flannakin,  400,  411 

Flat  Rock  Creek,  415 

Fleet,  392 

Fleming  Family,  94,  el  seq,  208, 
et  seq,  327,  et  seq,  440,  et  seq 

Fleming,  Charles,  will,  (1793),  210 

Fleming,    Lt.   Col.,   Charles,    208, 
et  seq 

Fleming,  John,  will  (1767),  94 

Fleming,  John,  Revolutionary  Ser- 
vice, 440,  et  seq 

Fleming,  Mary  (Boiling),  Portrait, 
94a 

Fleming,  Mary,  letter,  1777,  95 

Fleming,  Thomas,  will  (1777),  207 

Fleming,  Col.  Thomas,  20G,  et  seq 


Fleming,  Judge  William,  portrait, 

326a 
Fleming,  Judge  Wm.,   account  of, 

327  et  seq 
Fleming,  William,  letter    to  Geo. 

Washington,  330 
Fleming,  94,  95,  96,   110-206,  210, 

221,  222,  327-333,  410-H3,  viii 
Fletcher,  vi 

Flint,  County  of,  387     „ 
Flinton,  340,341 
Flookes,  411 
Flood  in  James  River,  16.S5,  357, 

358 
Florida,  18,  211,  xx 
Flournoy, 329  : 

Floy,  409 
Floyd, 187 
Flowers,  384 
Flowerdcwc,  444 
Flowerdew  Hundred,  346 
Flushing,  349 
Fluvanna  Co.,  310,  311 
Fluvanna  River,  200 
Flying  Hart,  ship,  150,  349 
Foakes,  321 

Foes,  23,  119,  276,  277,  281,  283 
Fontaine,  vi 

Food  in  Virginia,  1701,  114 
Foote,  101,  205,  313 
Forger}-,  40G,  410 
Forsie,  329 

Fort  to  be  built  in  Va.,  1679,  252 
Fort  Hand,  45 
Fort  McHenry,  93 
Fort  Ligonier,  46 
Fort  Patrick  Henry,  273 
Fort  Pitt,  Tre.xty  at,  1778,  Signa- 

TUREhi,  Illustration,  16Sa 
Fort    Pitt,    treaty    with    Indians, 

at,  1778,  168,  et  seq 
Fort  Pitt,  44,  46,  47,  48,  50,  51,  52, 
53,  51,  55,  168, 169, 172, 176 
*  Fortin,  437 
Foster,  272,  306,  310 


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Fcftiact.  23.  276 

Pr/ulkes.  (/J 

F'^Ainlain,  vi 

Fov/kc.   Roger,   will    'IdliO,.    with 

note,  3SC 
Powkc,  211 
Fowler,  39.j 
Fowlfc,  37 

Fox,  158,  211,  388,  300,  393,  447,  vi 
Foy,  411 

Fraact,  9.  185,  283,  335,  424,  xviii 
Frances,  vi 
Frampton,  381 
Frankfort,  224,  2ss6,  !ii 
Fk.\sitt.iN,    BfcNjAMiN.    By    E.    L. 

Dudky,  N'otio.-,  iii 
Franklin  St.,  iii 
Fraser,  41G 
F razor,  391,  392.  293 
Frederick,  40S,  412 
Fredericksburg,  315,  404 
Frederick  Co.,  101,  3^ 
Frccnan,  99,  157.  312.  314,  vi 
French,  329,  vi 
Frk.sch  Policv  a.sd  the  Amkeicak 

Allia.sce  Of    1778,    By   H     S. 

Corwin,  Review,  147 
French  &  Icdi^n  War,  4H 
Frenchmen  in  Va.,  114,  115 
Frenc-au,  202,  370 
Freyburg,  2*6 
Froost,  381 

Fruit  trees  m  Va  ,  1701,  .'i3,  201 
Fulkerbon,  185 
Fuller.  191 
Fllion,    Robert,  By  A.  G.   Sut- 

cliffe.  Notice,  111 
Fulton.  189 
Furlow,  vi 

Furb  &  skins,  22fe.  352,  35-3,  364,  :i-% 
Furtberacce.  Ship,  337 
Fushon,  272 
Fysh,  245 

Gaby,  416 


Gaines,  vi 

Gainfc  in  Va.,  1701.  37  ^/  i^^ 

•"Jallijxilis.  98 

Galloway,  3 

Gait,  317 

Galveston,  195 

Gantlfctt,  24*i 

Gardc-n,  201 

Garden  City,  vii 

(jAkULs,  i'ki.sxK  EowASfiCo  ,  201 

Gardner,  335,  402 

Gardiiier.  xlix 

Garland,  vi 

Gamer,  191,  vi 

Garaett,  436,  xviii,  xix,  xxii,  xxiii, 

xzvjii,  xxiz 
GAit.vtTT,   Ji.D*.*   T.    S.,    In   Mt- 
moriarr.    Presidents    AddrcM, 
xix,  e/  i«f 
Garretson,  447 
Garrett,  389,  zxiv 
Gaskins,  101,  Itti 
Gate-ley,  158 
Gatesvillfc,  94 
Garth.  205 
Gary,  iii 

Gaudard.  296.  297 
Gaudot.  289.  290,  291.  292.  7t$ 
Gauling.  413 
Gavelkind.  419 
Gay,  218  222,  329.  335 
Gaynt,  148.  2:i9 
Gazaway.  183 
Gebbins.  883 
Geers,  389 
Gelelrmcnd,  IdS 
Gew  va,  297 
Geoe-/.  ZVi,  349 
GtTi'ja,  17 
Gentry.  447 
Geny,  242,  243 
Gtodit,  388 

George,  144,  14S.  240,  335,  348 
George,  SLip,  240,  338 
Georgia  Historical  So  ,  rii 


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INDEX. 


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:X 


Georgetown,  212,  315 

Gepperson,  420 

Gerard,  152 

Gerrard,  374  ^^' 

Germantown,  294        •'^     . 

Germany,  335 

Gettsburg,  213,  xxii,  xxiv 

Gettysburg  National  Park  Com- 
mission, vii 

Gibbs,  239,  iii 

Gibson,  169,  175,  185,  211,  320,  411, 
41S,  420,  430,  432,  436,  437,  vi 

Gibson,  Col.  John,  Note  on,  169 

Gifte,  Ship,  03 

Gibbies,  329 

Gilbert,  81,  vi,  xvii 

Gildersleeve,  xxvii 

Giles,  244 

Gillison,  211 

Gilmer,  222 

Gipson,  189  ,      ' 

Girling,  319 

Gissedge,  388,  391 

Givins,  190 

Glass  House,  144 

Gleave,  391 

Glen,  414 

Glen's  Creek,  210 

Gloucester,  92,  113,  114,  115,  136, 
410,  427 

Gloucester  Co.,  22,  25,  91,  95,  114, 
115,  118,  200,  215,  373,  397,  416, 
425,  428,  442 

Gloucester  C.  H.,  viii 

Glover,  vi 

Godbie,  245 

Goddard,  161,  384,  385 

Godfrey,  263,  265 

Godmersham,  417,  418 

Godmersham  Park,  420 

Godwin,  109 

Gold  Creek,  302 

"Golden  Bell,"  267 

Golden  Fortune,  Ship,  77 

Goldsmith,  418,  429 


I    Gooch,  186 

I    Goochland,  95,  200,  209,  423,  421, 

I  442 

Goochland  Co.,  199,  20(),  207,  221,' 
222,315,316,327,413 

Goochland  Co.,  Notes  from  Rec- 
ords, 199 

Good,  273,  vi 

Goode,  329 

Gookin,  149,  150 

Goodrich,  199,  306,  307,  388,  400 

Goose  Pond  Quarters.  368,  369 

Goodwin,  vi 

Goodwin  vSands,  8 

Goodwyn,  305,  vi 

Goodyer,  3S0 

Gordon,  Archibald,  Note  on,  181 

Gordon,  184,  204,  i,  vi,  xxvii,  hi 

"Gordondale,"  100 

Gorsage,  90 

Gorsedge,  431,  432 

Gorsuch,  81,  82,  83,  84,  85,  86,  87, 
88,  89,  90.  91,  92,  93,  214,  215, 
216,  217,  218,  219,  220,  221,  317. 
318,  319,  320,  321,  322,  323,  324, 
325,  326,  327,  425,  427,  433,  434, 
435,  437,  xvii 

Gorsand,  Arms,  Illustration,  81 

Gorsuch,  Alice,  will  (1662),  84,  85 

Gorsuch,  Daniel,  Epitaph  (163S), 
86 

Gorsuch,  Daniel,  will  (1638),  84 

Gorsuch,  Daniel  &  Alice  monu- 
ment. Illustration,  86a 

Gorsuch  or  Lovelace  Families, 
81  et  seq,  214  et  seq,  317  et  seq, 
425  et  seq 

Goshen,  310 

Gough,  421 

Gouttes,  297 

Covers,  401 

Gower,  227,  358 

Gowran,  285 

Cowing,  185 

Graccchurch,  417 


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INDEX. 


465 


Grat",  1 

Gratrcnried,  2,  291,  301,  302,  3a3 

Grafienried,  de,  Proposed  Colony 

in  Vir2;mia,  302 
Graffenricd,  journals  of,  Note  on, 

301 
Graham,  179,  273,  274 
Graham,   Ll.  Alexander,   Note   on 

17S 
Grainger,  409 
Grandy,  iii  '. 

Grant,  xlii 
GranLon,  xjcxvii 
'  Granville,  152  I 

Grantham,  363 
Grattan,  222 
Gratz,  iii 
Grave,  340 

Graves.  340,  389,  393,  vi 
Gravesend,  4,  7.  283,  293,  339 
Graveley,  ICO,  191 
Gray,  151,  1S5,  213,  214,  408,  vi 
Gray,  Rev.  vSaniuel,  151 
Grays,  Inn,  384 
Great  Meadow  Syv-amp,  367 
Great  Peter  St.,  5 
Green,  99,  187,  218,  220,  iii 
Greenhill,  62 
Greensprines,  xi 
Greensville  Co.  Marriage  Bo.nds 

305  et  seq 
Greenway,  386 
Greenwich,  4,  68 
Greers,  427 

Gresory,  159,  160,  391,  392,  vi 
Grendon,  351,  358 
Grenville,  xlviii 
Gresham,  189,  190 
Griffith,  192,  274,  434 
Grigg,  307,  389 
Grinnan,  i,  vi,  Ivi 
Grimes,  xxiv 
Grogan,  444 
Grolliers,  08 
Groome,  436,  vi 


Groi;ch,  437 

Grundy,  428 

Gryir.es,  110,  151,  202 

Guerrant,  423 

Cuinc,  117,  405 

"Guiana,"  17 

Guinea,  117,  293 

Gundry,  57 

Guni,,  396 

Gunner,  155 

Gunpowder  River,  216,  429 

Gur.ston,  386 

Guthrie,  389,  447 

Guy,  383 

Gwathmey,  317,  392 

Gwersvilt,  3S6 

Gwin,  191 

Ilacke,  412 

Hagan,  187,  vi         .,  ^ 

Hagoinan,  393 

Hail,  391 

Hailey,  1S2.  305 

Hairston,  vi 

Hale,  98,  193,  iii 

Halifax,  195  / 

Hall,  00,  86,  102.  181,  1^'^234,  238, 

272,  305,  359 
Hamilton,  47,  1S7,  416,  vi 
Hammerton,  2C)G,  267,  268 
Hanor,  59,  60,  64,  143,  145,  147,  148, 

149,  246,  247,  248,  340,  343,  345 
Ham.pden-Sidncy,  202 
Hammond,  76 

"Hampden,"  322  '  , 

Hampshire,  69 
Hampton,  20,  241,  264,  421,  xviii, 

Iv 
Hampton  Parish,  23 
Hanbey,  John,  note  on,  181 
Hanbury,  405 
Hancock,  329 
Hand,  46 
Handy,  182 
Hankins,  191,  vi  , 


V 


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fto^^onaoxt 


1^1  ,tx 


466 


INDEX. 


Hanover,  187,  404,  408,  410,  xx 

Hanover  Militia,  209 

Hansdell,  100 

Harblcdon,  418 

Harbone,  183,  185 

Harchman,  191 

Harding,  431 

Hardy,  99,  180,  204.  312,  313,  vi 

Harford,  88 

Harford  Run,  434 

Harjirove,  305 

Harleian  Society,  83,  270 

Harlington,  265 

Harman,  380,  419 

Harmar,  173 

Harmon,  Eurr,  will  (1790).  98 

Harpel.  vi 

Harpers  Ferry,  105,  310 

Harrington,  vi 

Harris,  Samuel,  Note  on,  187 

Harris,  187,  191,  346,  305.  309,  328, 

329,  vi 
Harrison  of  Northern  Virginia, 

97  etseq,  211  et  seq,SUet  seq 
Harrison,  Capt.  Clthbert,  Rev- 
olution, 193 
Harrisons  of  Virginia,  A  Brief 
History   of   the    First.     By 
H.  T.  Harrison,  Review,  105 
Harrison  (Berkely)  Papers,  421 

et  seg 
Harrison,  73,  97,  98,  99,  105,  106, 
109,110,155,156,157,  193,195, 
197,  198,  199,20'.),  211,212,  30?, 
307,314,315,353,421,422,440, 
441,  iii,  V,  vi,  ix  ' 

Harrold,  185 
Harwich,  290,  291 
Hart,  211,  305,  306,  314,  iii 
Hartwell,  112 
Harvard  College.  374,  375 
Harvey,  xlviii 
Harvie.  vi 
Harwell.  305 
Harwich,  283 


Hare  wood.  49.  243,  24S 
Hasper.  409 
Hassarde,  64 
Hatcher.  328 
Hatton,  320 
Haule,  60,  61 
Hauley,  181 
Hawes.  vi 

Hawkins,  82.  87,  432 
Haworth.  107,  108,  10l> 
Haxall.  xxxviii 
Hayden.  68,  iii 
Hayman,  337.  338 
Haymon.  88 
Haynes,  84 
Hays.  185,  198,  vi 
Haywood,  vi 
Hazelwood,  306 
Head,  212 
Heard.  272,  273,  274 
Hearst,  iii 
Hearst  Castle,  10 
Heath,  222,  305,  443,  vi 
Heathcock,  305 
Heatherington.  270 
Heatwole,  vi 
Hefflefinger,  xviii  It 
Heford.  241 
Heimbhausen.  294  ''  . 

Hemley.  426 

Hcmpstone.  vi 

Henrico,  23,  112,  199.  200,  250.  858, 
365,  391,  392,  397.  412,  440.  443 

Henry.  47,  50,  54,  94.  328,  viii 

Henry's  Revolutions  of  1765,  94 

Henry  Co.,  184 

Henry  Co.,  Ky..  100 

Hensley.  187.  273 

Henson.  271.  273 

Herbert.  109,  116,  vi 

Hereford,  98 

Herndon,  vi 

Heron,  100 

Hertford.  84 

Hertfordshire,  86,  87,  88,  251 


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INDEX. 


467 


Heth,  208,  211,  vii 

Heycr,  vi 

Heyman,  304,  403 

Hickey,  John,  note  on,  184 

Hide,  190 

Hidson,  437 

Higgason,  389,  390,  391 

Higgins,  vi 

Hikki,  184 

Hill,  68,  77.  112.  166.  192,  197,  253, 
268,  271.  304,  309,  358,  3S9,  392, 
303,394,40:3,400,407.421,  vi 
Hillson,  83.  84 
Hinde,  85 
Hine,  vi 

Hinke,  274.  i.  vi,  xv 
Hinman,  206 
HLnton,  181,  305 

Hispania  Society  of  America,   vii 
Hispaniola,  17 
Hitchcock,  240.  305 
Kitchen,  87,  214 
HLx,  328 
Hoane,  89,  317 
Hobbs,  64 

H0F3S0N,  311 

Hobson.  221,  306,  311. 328,  iii 

Hodge  Park,  419  i 

Hodgekinson,  383 

Hodges,  273,  274 

Hoden,  379 

Hoffman,  212 

Hog,  69 

Hogg,  vi 

Hogs,  36,  37 

Hog  Island,  345 

Hogen,  286 

Holbom,  418,  419 

Holcombe,  317,  vi 

Holder,  426 

Holladay,  391,  vi 

Holland,  76,  283,  285,  289,  293,  299, 

302,  iii 
Hollanders,  17 
Hollingbourne,  386 


Hollingsworth,  412 
Hollins,  viii 
[    Holman,  200,  329,  vi 

Holt,  305,  315,  408,  vi 
I    Holts  Forge,  209 
I    Hominy,  114,  133 
I    Hone,  215,  210 
Honey,  3S9 
Honeyball,  187 
Hoomes,  410 
Hope,    George,    will    (1664)    with 

Note,  386 
Hope,  66 

"Hopewell,"  Ship,  293,  362,  427 
Hopkins,  93,  199,  322,  326,  410 
Hopocan,  169 
HoRD  Family  op  Va.     By  A.   H. 

HoRD,  Review,  104 
Hord,  vi 
Horgeth,  191 
Horses,  21,  36,  42,  108 
Horses,  Thoroughbred.  389 
Horsley,  vi 
Horscfort,  64,  143 
Horseheath,  340 
Horsmanden,    Warham,   Note  ob, 

353 
Horsmanders,   237,   353,   354,   330, 

357,  360 
Hotchkiss,  iii 
Hot  Springs,  310 
Houchings,  392,  393,  394 
Hough,  271 
Houghton,  68 
Hound,  Ship,  68 
House,  305 
Houston,  447 

Howard,  305,  329,  434,  447,  vi 
Howe,  447 
Howell,  419 
"Howells,"  213 
Howies,  408 
Huckstep,  389 
Hudson,  199,  204  ^ 

Huddleson.  317 


HIHr 


H     A 


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<«♦ 


IT  .TM  .le*  est 


d68 


INDEX. 


Ai-'j 


Huggins,  416 

Hughes.  185,  328,  381,  447.  in.  vi 
HuouENcn  Familiks,  Recokus  Re- 
late; g  TO,  423  et  seq 

Huguenots,   21,   117,    120,   125,   423 

Hules,  329 

Hull,  101  •     ,        .  "    . 

Humphrey,  93,  4'2b  ,.-,  . , 

Humphreys,  92  ,    up  i 

Humphreys  Creek,  429  .     .-, 

Himsctt,  192  ,    ..  ,  . 

Huiineywell,  viii 

Hunt,  30.5,  437,  vi 

Hunter,  94,  vi 

Huntingdonshire,  262,  263,  265,267, 
2GS 

Huntington,  iii 

Huniman,  274 

Huntsman,  181 

Hunton,  vi 

Huntsville,  Ala.,  100 

Hurley,  81.  S3 

Hurlstone,  162 

Huron,  174 

Hurt,  329,  392,  vi 

Hurst.  431 

Hurst's  Falls,  218 

Hussey,  447 

Hustwhatt.  266 

Hutchcson,  vi 

Hutchins,  vi 

Hutchinson,  vi 

Hutchings,  416 

Hutt,  152 

Hyde,  301,  328.  vi 

niinois.  xviii 

Indiana,  447 

Indianapolis,  447 

Indians,  126  et  scq,  129  ei  seq,  295 

Indian  Massacre,  1622,  248 

Indian  Medal,  198 

Indian  Rights  Commission,  vii 

Indians,  trade  with,  1676-1679.  256 

Indian  trade.  1683,  228  et  seq 


India  trade,  1685,  35  et  seq 
Indians,  Treaty  with  at  Fort  Pitt, 

1778,  168  et  seq 
Indians,  Viriiinia,   1702.     Illustra- 
tion. 130  et  seq 
Indians  m  Va.,  rumor,  1679,  362 
Indians,  41,  42,  44  etseq.SO.  240,  256 
Inge,  3S9 
Innes,  192,  273 
Innes,  Hugh,  note  on,  192 
Invernesshire,  xxxvii 
Ireland,  54,  67,  69,  125,  285 
Iremonger,  3S5 
Iron  Vv'orks  in  Va.,  148 
Irvine,  4i7 
Iowa,  197 
Isle  of  Wight,  9,  57,  58,  256,  282, 

397,  405 
Israel,  305 
Italy,  138,  335 
Ivy  Creek,  222 

Jackson,  307,  406,  407,  416,  xxii 
Jacksons  Corps,  214 
Jacob,  340 
Jamaica,  19,  197 
James,  313,  316,  389,  vi 
James  City,  59,  60,  61,  77,  143,  144, 
146,  155,  157,  228,  229,  240,  242, 
245,  248,  256,  308,  337,  338,  340, 
341,  342,  344,  348,  3S0,  306,  397, 
410,  445 
James  ("ity  Co.,  203,  xi 
James,  ship.  248 
Jameson,  vi 
Jamestown,  22.  23,  25,  26,  144,  216, 

350,  355 
Jamestown,  Church  at,  1701,  22 
Jamestov/n  to  be  rebuilt,  1079,  252 
Jamestown  in  1701,  25 
Jam.es  River,  20,  21,  25.  26,  30,  73, 

95,  122, 154, 156, 304,  403 
James  River,  Flood  in,  1685,357,358 
Japan  Society  of  America,  vii 
Jarman,  vi 


I     801 


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INDEX. 


469 


Jefferson,  IW,  105,  209,  246,  247, 
306,  309,  310,  317,  327,  330,331, 
347,  3S1,  3S3 

Jefferson,  A  Description  of, 
309,  et  seq 

Jefferson  Co.,  213,  394 

Jekferson-Lemen  Compact,  Re- 
view, 104 

Jefferson,  John,  347 

Jefferson,  John,  will  (1647),  382 

Jefferson,  Martin,  v/ill  (1651),  with 
note,  3S1 

Jefferson,  Thomas,  Letters,  1764, 
to  William  Flemin.i^,  330,  et  seq 

Jeffie,  306 

Jeffries,  204,  305,  306 

Jefferics,  7S  ' 

Jeffress,  vi 

Jc'ffreys,  77,  79,  80,  163,  104,  252, 
253,  254,  361,  362,  363 

Jeffreys,  Herbert,  death  of,  253 

JiiFFKEYs,  Herbert,  to  Fuancis 
MoRYSON,  1678,  77 

Jeffreys,  Mrs.,  Petition  of  &c,  1679, 
301,  ei  seq 

Jeffreys,  Miss  Susan,  to  Secre- 
tary Coventry,  1679,  252 

Jennings,  73,  118,  304,  389,  403 

Jenkins,  272,  273,  vi 

Jerdons,  110 

Jessy,  424 

Jeter,  305,  306,  307 

Jewett,  vi 

Johnes,  406 

Johnson,  62,  63,  205,  211,  22G,  2GS, 
306,  380,  392,  408,  426,  447,  vi 

Johnsons  Island,  213 

Johnston,  93, 94, 100, 313, 402,427,  vi 

Join,  191 

Jonathan,  ship,  346 

Jones,  49,  50,  56,  58,  62,  98,  110,  142, 
183,  191,  192,  196,  IDS,  200,  271, 
272,  305,  301,  307,  313,  339,  390, 
405,  425,  432.  435,  4.36,  437.  iii, 
vi,  viii 


Jones  Adventure,  433 

Jones,  Capt.  Thos.,  note  on,  66 

Jones  Falls,  433,  434 

Jones  Range,  433 

Jones's  Town,  433 

Jonnes,  57,  59,  60,  144 

Jordan,  305,  306,  vi 

"Jordans  Point,"  xi 

Jough, 381 

Joyce,  xiv 

Junings,  185,  186 

Judd,  192  "'    .    , 

Judkins,  198,  vi  :.  ,     .,.„• 

Julyan,  241  _.,  '  ' 

Jurden,  64  »    ,     . 

Junkins,  181 

Justice,  184  ,, 

i.  ■  '  ,   ■•  ■■■■' 

Kable,  vi 

Kanawha  Co.,  100,  312        .     _,    , 

Karr,  329  '    ,  '. 

Keach,  vi 

Kean,  222  .     '      • 

Keane,  iii  .  , 

Keckotan,  20 

Keeblc,  215 

Keef,  410,  411 

Keene,  322 

Keeny,  273 

Keith,  192,  205,  313,  iii 

Kelly,  412,  vi  .        ■;      v 

Kemp,  151,  258,  xlviii 

Kemper,  vi,  xv 

Kenahwa,  52  .,  • 

Kendricks,  181 

Kt-niston,  381 

Kennebec,  239 

Kennedy,  214 

Kennon,  110  ,; 

Kensington,  4,  444 

Kensey,  92,  21C 

Kent,  57,  68,  90,  315,  353,  373,  386 

417,  118,  i,  vi,  Ivi 
Kent  Co..  Eng.,  158,  159,  160 


.sas 


».' 


IV 


470 


INDEX. 


KenUacky,  50,  98,  101,  203.  210,  224, 

314,  394,  xviii.  Hi,  Iv 
Kentucky  in  the  War  ok  1812,  By 
A.  C.  Quisenberry,  notice,  224 
Kenoin,  255 
Kerfitt,  60 
Kerr,  408,  409,  xxxvi 
Kersie,  61 
Key,  429 
Kibble,  216 
Kiccoughtan,  340 
Kickotan,  344 
Kieff,  192 
Kilbary,  67 
Kilbee,  151 
Kildare,  184 

Killbuck,  Indian,  46,  55,  168,  169 
Kimball,  vi 
Kimber,  vi 
Kimes,  447 

King,  202,  203,  329,  393,  417 
Kingc,  262 

"Kings  Creek,"  118,  120,  125 

Kingsmill,  384 

Kings  Mountain,  107 

Kingston,  22 

King  and  Queen  County,  25,   136, 
373,  388,  390.  392,  397,  409 

King  William  County,  388, 389,  390, 
391,  392,393,394,408.410,412,  liv 

King    William    County    Records, 
Extracts  from,  388,  et  seq 

King,  Wra.,C.H.,30,  391 

King,  Wm.,  Parish.  114,  122,  123, 
423,  424 

Kinsey,  93 

Kinsolving,  iii 

Kinston,  316 

Kithly.  337,  338 

Kippen,  442 

Knatchlnall,  158,  159 

Knight.  59 

Knightley,  266,  267,  269 

Knollings,  244 

Knowles,  419 


Knowles,  236,  407 

Kock,  289 

Koger,  185 

Koke,  316  ' 

Koquethagechton.  169 

Kymages  Creek,  68 

Kymbolton,  263 

Lace.  233 

Lackenair,  272 

Lacy, 320 

Ladenin,  137 

Lafayette.  169.  211 

Laighlou,  264.  266 

Lain.  188 

Lake  Bienne,  117 

Lamb,  272,  vii  '     ''    ^' 

Lambert,  386,  vii 

Lambert  Point.  206 

Le  Monte,  vii 

Lancashire.  68,  69.  84,  85 

Lancaster,  82,  91.  92,  93,  305,  317, 

i,  vi,  vii 
Lancaster  Co.,  83,  215,  312.  313. 
425,  429 

Lancaster,  Ivi  '    '-' 

Landenin,  138 

Lands  End, 11 

Lane.  223,  229.  233.  234.  306,  353 

Lanier.  199,  30G 

Langford,  185 

Langley,  164,  343,  346,  347 

Langhome,  315 

Lankford,  190 

Larance,  64 

Lansford,  189 

Latane,  137 

Lathrop,  vi 

Laurance,  50 

Laurel  Hill,  46 

Laurens,  47,  53 

Lavender,  66 

La  Villain,  423,  424 

Lawrence,  251,  30G 

Lawson,  201,  273,  302,  311,  314,  316 


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INDEX. 


471 


Laws  of  Va.,  1643,46— Cor>€Ctions, 

309 
Lawton,  vi,  vii 
Lazaretto  Point,  216 
Leake,  vii 
Lear,  421 
Leavell,  101 
Lecky,  vii 
Ledbetter,  vii 
Lee, 110, 111, 152,  156,  180,  199,  211, 

243,  252,  304,  306,  312,  313,  339, 
iii,  vii,  viii,  xx,  xxii,  xxiii,  xxxix,  xl, 

liii 
Leedstown,  liii 
Leesburg,  106 
Le  Grand,  423,  vii 
Leicester,  County  of,  379,  380 
Leigh,  252,  vii 
T^man,  101,  105 
LeNeveofVa.,307,  308 
Lenham,  160,  353 
Lenk,  2,S5 

Lerber,  116,  141,  289,  294 
Leseur,  329 
Leshington,  161 
Lesley,  158,  194 
Lessington,  101 
Lester,  413  ,    , 

Letcher,  xiv 
Leukerbad,  285        ' 
Levy,  vii 
Lewelling,  30G 
Lexington,  i,  xxviii,  Ivi 
Lexington,  Ky.,  100 
Uwis,  50,  54,  55,  95,  168,  199,  207, 

213,416,441,442,  vii,  xxviii 
Leworth,  270 
Leyster,  349 
Library  of  Congress,  vi 
Liddle,  314 
Lifsay,  306 
Lightfoot,  73,  110 
Ligon.  422 
Ligonier,  45 
LimcstoneCo.,  Ala.,  100 


Lincoln,  104 

Lincolnshire,  308 

Linton,  211,  385 

Lippincott,  224 

Lipscomb,  388,  391,  392,  393 

Lithgow,  314,  315 

Litle,  272  >.    ' 

Little,  407 

Little  Lickinghole  Creek,  95,  206 

Littlepage,  388,  389,  393 

"Little  Russell  Street,"  xlvii 

Liverpool,  405 

Lloyd,  76,  318,  319,  322,  323,  324 

Lochry, 44, 45 

Locke,  306 

Lochry,  A,  letter  to  Thos.  Warton, 

Jr.,  President,  44,  45 
Lockhart,  308 
Lodge,  vii 
Loftin,  306 
Logan, 222 
Logan  Co.,  174 
Lomax,  vii,  xiv 

London,  66,  08,  82,  142,  283,  xviii 
London,  Apprentices  sent  to  Va., 

by, 348 
London,  Merchant,  ship,  244 
Long  and  Longe,  306,  339,  340,  384, 

vii 
Long  Island,  vii 
Longland,  384  .•.  •  ^ 

Long  Point,  433 

Lookado,  329  '      '  '.       •» 

Loos,  xxxvii 
Lorton,  vii 

Loudoun,  98,  212,  314,  310 
Louisa  Co.,  310,  317 
Louisiana,  203 
Louisville,  195,  212,  394,  viii 
Love,  435 
Lovelace,  81,  82,  83.  84,  85,  89,  90, 

91,  93,  215.  220,  317,  318,  319, 

320,  321,  322,  323,  324,  32-5,  328, 

327,  425,435,  XV ii 
Loving,  185 


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472 


INDEX. 


Loving,  Adam,  note  on,  185 

Low,  iii 

Lowe,  306 

Low  Moor,  197 

Lowrj-,  272 

Loyall,  vii 

Lucas,  306,  383 

Ludwell,  73,  77,  110,  166,  229,  251, 

252,  355 
Ludovicus,  413 
Lukoinan,  vii 
LunJy,  30f>,  307 
Lunenburg,  201,  415,  424 
Luray,  xxviii 
Lusitania,  i>:,  ii 
Lylo,  186 
Lynch,  180 

Lyr.chburK,  203,  "222,  315,  316 
Lyn<N  329 
Lyon.  122.  ISl.  322   323.  115 

Mabry,  305,  307 

Mace  of  V'a.,  House  of  Rur;^o.';?css, 
165 

Maclin,  199,  306,  307 

Macon.  112,  212 

Maddcx,  426,  vii 

Madison,  373,  388,  390,  434,  446 

Madison,  Dolly,  Life  and  LKrrERS. 
By  Allen  C.  Clark,  Review. 
440 

MadiF.onCo..  100 

Madiiland,  307 

Madross,  42C 

Ma-ot,  198 

Magnxder,  212 

Mahican,  174 
•    Mahomony,  132 

Mahone,  187 

Maidens  Adventure,  94 

Maiden's  Choice,  433,  434 

Maine,  198,  238.  239 

Majors,  Thk,  and  tdeir  Mar- 
wages.  By  J.  B.  Cabell, 
Review,  112 


By  Sai.ly  Nel- 
Notice,  224 


Major,  68 

Malaga,  xx 

Malbum  Hills,  209 

Mallory,  98,  99,  vii,  xxi,  xlviii 

Malonc,  307 

Maloney,  413,  427,  vii 

Manakintovvn,  117,  120  et  seq,  122, 
12:3,  125,  130 

Manchester,  88,  209 

Mangum,  307,  vii  ,    ,     . 

Manifee,  407 

Manigkintown.  21,  29,  120, 122.  209. 
423 

Manley,  68  •  ,., 

Mann,  389,  443  .    , 

"Mannsville."  443 

Manoconf,  21 

Maiisell,  339 

Mans  Re\cu,  A. 
SON  Robins. 

Maquegca,  177 

Marable,  112 

Margaret  and  John,  Ship,  146.  246, 
337,  343 

Margate,  8 

Marine,  321,  427 

Markham,  152,  329,  3;J3,  407,  vi 

Marlborough,  2S5,  viii,  xl 

Maniiaduke,  Ship,  C3 

Marr,  3S9 

Marriage    Bonds,    Greensville 
Co.,  "iObetseq 

Marshall,  99,   187.    204.   211,   313, 
380,  xli 

Marston,  380 

Martin,  110.  184,  190,  321,  322,  323. 
324,  339,  420,  xviii,  xxviii 

Maryborae,  214,  433,  434,  436,  437 

Mar^'gold,  ship,  03,  337 

Maryland,  18,  19,  21,  23,  75,  81,  83, 
92,  93,  137,  139,  202,  203,  212, 
I  217.  220,  238,  292,  294,  235. 302. 

I  351,396.401,427  428.432 

Massachusetts,  xlvi 
!    Massey,  307 


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INDEX. 


473 


Massie,  112,  xi 

Mason,  111,  198,  199,  214,  307 

Master,  413 

Mastering  of  Mexico,  The.     By 

Kate  Stephens,  Review,  334 
Mastin,  vii 
Matchcoates,  21G 
Mathews,  50,  51.  53,  55,  G3,   143, 

145,  149,  241,  340,  345,  368,  421, 

vi,  vii 
"Matoa,"  vii 

Mattapony,  21,  115,  118,  119 
Matthey,  Hans  Conrad,  Note  on, 

204 
Mauldon,  270 
Maury,  vii 

Maxwell,  447,  vii,  xvi 
M^x^^T.Ix    History    ani;    Gene- 

OLOGY.     By    F.    W.   HouiiLon, 

1>.  C.  Blaine  and  E.  D.  Iviellotte 

Re^'icw,  447 
May,  211 
Maybcrry,  212 
Mayflower,  Ship,  58 
Mayo,  209,  328,  vii 
Mayo  River,  135 
Mays,  307 
Meadov,es,  70,  75 
Mcacham,  303 
Meadly,  272 
Mearcs,  68 

Mechanics  in  the  Colonies,  1702,287 
Mecklenburg  Co.,  309.  440 
Medlicott,  386 
Medici,  179 
Meern,  315 
Mellette,  447 
MelviU,  384  -  '    ' 

Menifee,  100,  242,  xlviii 
Meriwether,  187 
Minqua,  216 
Mequachake,  174 
Mercer,  211,  vii 
Meredith,  183,  4^12,  i,  vii,  Ivi 
Mcrivrethcr,  110.  390.  441.  iii,  vii 


Merrick,  379,  380 

Merrill,  vii 

Mersey,  197 

xMcrum,  385 

Mexico,  17,  334,  xxiii 

Meyer,  vii 

Michaux,  424 

Michel,  F.  L.,  Journey  from 
Berne,  S\vrT7.ERLAND,  to  Vir- 
ginia, 1701-2,  1  et  seq,  113  et 
seq,  275  el  seq,  289  et  seq 

Michel,  F.  L.,  Notice  of,  2 

Michel,  1,  2,  17,  19,  20,  22,  24,  27, 
30,  113,  114,  117,  126,  131,  138, 
222.  245,  275,  289,  292,  293,  294, 
29'j,  29S,  300,  301,  302,  303,  xv 

Micou,  122 

Middlesex,  23,  82,  100,  136,  151,  167, 
194,  200,  214,  215,  216,  383,  397 

Middle  Temple,  418 

Midleton,  274 

Miler,  390 

Militia,  Va.,  in  1701,  26 

Militia,  120  e/  seq 

Miller,  285 

Miller,  18,94,  271,  iii,  vii 

Millctte,  vi 

Mills,  Lt.  Benjamin,  note  on,  179 

Mills,  179,  380 

Milner,  407 

Milwoode,  384         .  • 

MinRc,  118 

Min°o,  169 

Ministers,  23,  63,  64,  144,  201,  243, 
308,  395,  399,  413 

Minnesota,  202,  203 

Minnit;erode,  vii 

Minor,  vii,  xxviii 

Minwha,  173 

Mississippi,  202,  309 

Mitchell,  76,  183,  184,  303,  307,  814, 
316,  vii 

Mitten,  68 

Moalis  Point,  433  "    ' 


M    1 


1/ 


Ofi,l' 


474 


INDEX. 


Mobjack  Bay,  90,    215,   425,   426, 

427,  430 
Mockingbirds,  39 
Moffett,  vii 
Mohun,  xxiii 

Moldesv.orth,  283,  264,  265 
Mompesson,  384 
Monacan,  122 
Monbeaux,  300 
Mondant,  301 
Monroe,  390,  448 
Monroe  Co.,  222 
Montino,  335 
Montague,  vii 
Monteney's  Neck,  433,  434 
Montgomery,  110,  307 
Monticello,  310 
Moone,  66,  190 

Moore,  218,  307,  410,  447,  vi,  vii 
Mooring,  198 
Moratico  Creek,  215 
Moravians,  169 
Moreno,  xx 
Morehead,  313,  vii 
Morford,  316 
Morgan,  49,  54,  214,  329,  351,  354, 

355,  vii 
Moriarty,  iii 
Morris.  222,  256.  306,  307.  312.  385. 

viii 
Morryson.  F.  to  Wm.  Blathwayt. 

1678.  78,  79,  80 
Morrison,  Morryson,  77,  78,  79,  80, 

82,  91,  160,  194,  201,  202,  309, 

443,  VI 
Morse,  45,  iii 
Morson,  313 

Morton,  49,  188,  190,  191 
Morven.  xi 
Mosaic.  117 
Mosby.  102,  328.  xviii 
Mosk,  390 
Moseley.    110.   254.   265,   307.  328, 

329,  442 
Moss,  307,  328,  329 


Motley,  272 

Mt.  Pleasant.  327 

Mount  Royal,  434 

Mount  Vernon,  202 

Mowse,  384 

Moxley,  204,  205 

Mullberry  Island,  308 

Muelheim.  285 

Muliner.  von,  2,  6.  30,  31,  34,  39, 

294.  301,  303 
Mullikin,  323 
Munday's  Creek,  430 
Munford,  328,  vi,  vii,  xi 
Munsey  Indians,  169 
Murphy,  187,  191,  271 
Murrel,  307 

Murry,  Murray,  186,  272 
Murtherritt,  218 
Musgrave,  152 
Music,  94,  126  et  seg 
Muskingum,  169 
Mutlows,  256 
Myers,  i,  vii 
Mylam,  431 
McAllister,  vii 
McBryde.  vii 
McCaw.  274 
McCabe.  309.  i,  iii,  v,  vi,  vii,  viii, 

Iv,  Ivi 
McClane,  187 
McClenahan,  208 
McCluer,  vii 
McClung,  96,  vii 
McConnell,  vii 
McCormick,  iii,  vii 
McCubbins,  191 
McCullough.  447 
McDowell,   50,  77,    163,    187,   250, 

271,  301,  407,  vii,  xv 
McFadden,  vii 
McGee,  272  ■ 
McGoff,  189 
McGown,  181 
McGraw,  vii 
McOuier,  271,  410,  i,  vii,  Ivi 


dO' 


M  > 


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.Ott 


TOf. 


ol. 


"c:  JdR  .«€  .*I4.    , 


itl  .iiv  ,i  ,01ft 


INDEX. 


475 


Mcllwaine,  223,  224,  309,  vii,  xii 
Macintosh.  Lachlan  Ji-.,note  on,  169 
Mclntx3sh,  53,   169.   172,    173,   176 
177,  178,  309,  vii,  xii 

McKee,  51 

McKennee,  307  ' 

McKenny,  vii 

McKenzie,  273 

McKim,  vii 

McLanahan,  195 

McLean,  205 

McLelland,  212 

MacMillan,  98,  111 

MacMurdo,  315 

MacNaul,  104 

McNeil,  vii 

McPais,  181 

McVatta,  182  j 

Nalle,  xlii  1 

NaDseniond,  112,  256,  397,  400  408 

407.  xxix  '  I 

Nanticoke,  174  I 

Napier,  388 
Napoleon,  In  The  FoorsniPs  of 

By  J.  Morgan,  Review,  112 
Nash,  vii 

Nassau,  ship,  3,  6,  275,  276 
Neal,  191 
Neale,  389 

Negeo,   Education  of   Puior  to 
1861.     By    C.     G.     Woodson, 
Review,  106 
Negro  Year  Book.    An  Encyclo- 
pedia (w  Thk  Negro,  Review 
448 
Negroes,  94,  102,  116.  117,  142,  180 
et  seq,  201,  207,  359,  367  et  seq 
412,  442,  443 
Neilson,  vii 
Nelson,  110,  209,  210,  306,  373,  390, 

XX 

Nelson  Co.,  203,  xi 

Nelms,  66 

Neptune,  Ship,  239,  341,  247,  342 


Newville,  117 

Neuse  River,  291,  303 

"Neuses  Bemcr  Taschenbuch  Auf 

das  Jahe" 
Neuenstadt,  117 
Nevill,  148.  149,  199,  200,  238.  239, 

244,  245.  273,  340,  344 
New,  307,  393 
New  Bern,  Colony  at,  303 
Newberry  Library  (Chicago),  106, 

vii 
Newbury,  xlvi 

Newburyport,  xlvi  •    .  / 

Newfoundland,  34e 
I    Newham,  360 
i    New  Jersey,  287,  401 

I    New  Kent  Co.,  25,  380,  387,  388 
i  391,  397,  442 

Newkirk,  Hamilton,  and  Baylbss 

Fa.\iilies.     By  T.  J.  Newkirk, 

Review,  147 

Newman,   1-18,   182,   239.  245,  315. 
316,  342,  343 

"New     Market,"     Caroline     Co., 

200,  221,  222,  367,  373 
New  Market,  xxviii 
New  Meuse  River,  3 
New  Netherland,  17 
New  Orleans,  198 
Newport  News,  340,  342 
Newry,  xiv 
Newton,  110,  vi 
"Newtown,"  25 
New  York,  17,  72,  73,  81,  82,  83, 

90,  106,  157,  212,  215.  223.  287. 

396,  400,  401.  404,  iii,  lii 
New  York,  Money  furnished  to  by 

Virginia,  1702,  73 
New  York  City,  viii  '  ^' 

New    York    Society    of    Colonial 

Dames,  vii 
Niagara,  178 
Nicambanack  Creek,  318 
Nicod,  122 


SU  .ziuiiii 


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fid  .oo^ 


^^^     """  I  ill      .-rv-..    ,    > 

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XIC    i»TI 


SM  .vK- 


476 


INDEX. 


Nicholls,  Nichols,  159,  180,  388,  vii, 
lii 

Nicholson,  15,  26,  73,  74,  151,  153, 

105,  3SS,  402.  xi 
Nicholas,  202,  2aS,  258.  435 
Night,  308 
Niklaus,  2S9 
NLxon,  vii 
Nobbs.  321 
Nolting,  iii  i 

"Nominy."  x 
Nordite,  314 
Norfolk,  202,  309,  404,  400,  408,  409. 

416,  446,  i,  xviii,  xxix,  Ivi 
Norfolk  Co.,  397,  428 
Normandy,  424 
Norris,  433 
North,  226.  229,  232,  341,  352,  355, 

359,  vi 
Northampton  Co..  69,  262,  397 
North  Carolina,  2,  301,  302,  303, 

405,  406,  xxiii,  liii 
Nor  they,  377 
North  Foreland,  8 
Northern  Neck  Grants.  252 
North  Point,  S,  425,  429 
North  River,  427,  430 
Norton,  144,  145 
Norton  Church,  386 
Northumberland     Co.,     312,     407, 

40S,  409,  412 
Norvcll,  203,  316,  vi,  vii 
Notes  and  Queries,    193    el  seq, 

305  et  seq,  417  et  seq 
Nott,  390,  xlviii 
Nottingham,  4,  379 
Nottingliain,  Lord,  153 
Noyer,  3S9 
Nnce,  3tl 
Nunn.  1S2,  183 
Nutt,  20-1 

O'Brien,  410,  411 
"Oak  Hill,"  99,  18S 


Oaks,  191,  390 

Oats.  32 

Ober,  187 

Obery,  382 

Ochs,  J.  R.,  note  on,  289 

Ochs,  289.  292,  300 

Ocsley.  379 

Ohio,  98.  168.  174.  178     -      '         ' 

Ohio  River,  210 

"Okalef."  li 

Oks,  299 

Old  Road  Bay.  428 

Old  Road  Creek.  433,  437 

Oldton,  425 

Oldv.-eston,  266 

Olliver,  390 

Olncy,  374 

Orange  County,  415,  xli 

Orange,  Prince  of.  56 

Orchard  St.,  5 

Oregon  Hill,  357 

Ormchurch,  83,  84 

Ormonde,  Duke  of,  283 

Orton.  360 

Orvieton.  138,  303 

Osborne,  vii,  xxxvii 

Osteen,  Ostin,  388 

Otsego,  310 

Ottendcn,  160 

Outerbridge,  vii 

Overton.  379 

Owen.  187,  374.  388,  vi.  vii 

Owens,  203 

Oxford.  326,  353 

Oxfordshire,  106 

Oysters,  35 

Padgitt,  vii 

Page,  64,  73,  95,  110.  207,  241,  242, 

246,  314,316,332,  iii,  vii 
Paggen.  359 
Pain.  184 

Paington.  238,  269,  270 
Palfery,  182 


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INDEX. 


477 


Palmer,  45,  105,  390.  iOO,  4^4,  i,  vii 

Ivi 
Palmers  Fort,  46 
Pannmkey,  SO,  118,  240 
Pamunkey  Neck,  3&> 
Fanill,  LSI 
Pannell,  161 
"Paradise,"  ICO 
Par berry,  273 
Paris,  vii,  xviii 
Parishes,  243  • 

Parke,  xlviii 

Parker,  G9,  200,  312.  vi,  vii 
Parkersburp;,  98 
Parks,  252  ,     , 

Paniam,  319,  320,  323 
Parr,  1S5 
Parrish,  xviii,  Iv 
Parsons,  158.  337 
Pasteur,  391 
Pascataway  Creek,  138 
Passley,  190 
Passmore,  GO,  (51 

Patap.sco  River,  83,  91,  92,  93,  210, 
317,  318,  319,  425,  12G,  4.?3.  4.05 
Patrick  Co.,  181 
Patteson,  112,  i,  vii,  Ivi 
Patterson,  Paterson,  110,  112,  273 
Pattons,  107 
PaxtoD,  vii 

P.\Y.\E,  Apxher,  of  "Newmarket" 
Dkscknpants  OF,   221,  et    zcq, 
315,  et  seq 
Paynk  Portkaits,  200 
Payne,  199,  200,  201,  204,  221,  222, 
307,  315,  316,  317,  442,  443,  vii 
Peachtree  Circle,  196 
Peachy,  312 
Pearle,  65 
Pear  is,  272 
Peck,  101 
Pegram,  vii 
Pair,  118 
Peircie,  340 
Pelsall,  386 


Fein ber ton,  443,  447 

Penc:elly,  378 

Pendleton,  373,  414  k-''    I'  . 

Pendleton  Hill,  307 

Flnn,    Wm.,    By    R.    V.    Holland, 

notice,  111. 
Penn,  2S9,  2?.Q,  392,  i,  iii,  vii 
fcnnsylvania,  1,  17,  44.  47,  49,  50, 
52,  55,  135,  138,  168,  169,  2^9^ 
290,  293,  294,  298,  202,  401 
Penobscot,  239  :   > 

Pensacola,  xx 

Peo,  388  '    )      -      ;    * ' 

Peppct,  316 
Perkins,  l88,  191,  329 
Perkins,  Peter,  note  on,  188      ■•     ■ 
Pero)?o^',  189  ..:  - 

Pcrro,  423 

Perry,  Win.,  note  on,  245 
Perry,  205,  228,  229,  233,  234,  245, 

353,  354,  400 
Perriman,  Ferryman,  191,  274 
!    "Persimmon  Point,"  320 
I    Person,  305 

i    Persey,  Feirsey,  Percv,  61,  65,  14<j, 
1  241,  243,  345 

\    Peru,  17  ■-■. 

;    Pescud,  vii  ■  ■ 

I    Peyton,  98,  99,  203,  vii i         •    •       •• 
I    Peytonshurc:,  274 
I    I'eterlcin,  viii 
:    Peters,  400,  x.-vvii 
I    Petersburr',  xx.xiii-xxxviii 
I    Peterson,  102,  1S9,  306 
Petsoe,  385  '         ' 

Petsworth  Church,  22,  115 
Pettus,  viii 
Phelps,  viii 

Philadelphia,  Notice  of,  1703,  294 
Philadelphia  Museum,  vii 
Philadelphia,  17,  46,  136,  202,  207, 

213,  224,  392,  403,  liii 
Phili,^^e,  274 

Phillips,  320,  415,  433,  vi 
Physicians,  65 


881  .no  9i< 


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478 


INDEX. 


Pianketank, 136 

Pick,  379 

Piccadilly,  158,374,379 

Pickering,  263 

Pickelt,  90,  100,  313 

Pickmell,  241,  24(5 

Pierce,  68,  238,  395 

Pigg,  180,  274 

Pincknoy,  viii 

Pipe,  55 

Pipe, Indian, 169 

Pistole,  187 

Pitt,  109 

Pittsburg,  46,  53 

PirrsYi-VANiA  County,  Tithables, 

1767,  ISO,  el  seq,  271,  etseq 
Pittsylvania  Co.,  180,  181,  184,  186, 
187,  188,  189,  191,  192,  195,  274, 
309,  311,  xiii 
Place,  77,  78,  80, 252,  362 
Plantini?  on  Shares,  337,  338 

Plate,  417 

Pleasants,  328,  vi,  viii,  xvii 

Pluk,  185 

Plummet,  viii 

Plymouth,  56,  238 

Poe,  58 

Poindexter,  viii 

Point  Comfort,  19 

Point  Pleasant,  50 

Pointer,  328 

Pollard,  197,  388.  393,  viii 

Pollexfen,  70 

Polley,  ISO.  273 

Pomonquay,  21  ; 

Pompey,  183 

Pond, 389 

Pope,  394 

Poole,  379.  380 

Poor,  185 

Poplar,  283 

Porter,  328 

Portsmouth,  9, 10,  293, 428,  xii 

Portobago  Bay,  xiv 

Portraits,  333 


Possinger,  416 

Potomac  Creek,  215 

Pottomac  River,  21.  130,  139.  154, 

156, 302, 304 
Poton,  385 
Potter,  274 
Potts,  338 

Pountis,  60,  243,  343,  346 
Powell,  Capt.  John,  note  on,  56 
Powell,  56,  57,  58,  59,  85,  91,  92,  98, 
199.  241,  317,  318,  319,  323.  428, 
viii 
Powell's  Pumpkin  Patch,  433 
Powers,  393 
Powhatan,  122 

Powhatan    Co.,    subsc-riptions    in 
1778    to    pay    Revolutionary 
Soldiers,  328,  329 
Powhatan  Co.,  21,  95,  327,  328 
Powle,  258 
Powntis,  63,  64 
Prater,  183  ,   ,      .  ,  ,' 

Pratt,  vi 
Prentiss,  viii 
Presnall,  190 
Pressey,  112 

Preston    and    Va.      Papers     in 
DrvVPEr  Collection,  Wiscon- 
sin  Historical    SoaKTV,    Re- 
view, 107 
Preston,  xxviii 
Pretty  man,  443 
Price,  361,  363.  lii,  liii 
Priddy,  391 
Prince  Edward  Co.,  100,  201,  307, 

308 
Prince  George  Co.,  193,  415,  421, 

422 
Prince  William  Co.,  97,  98,  101,  ^i04, 

211,212,  314,  410,  vii 
Princeton,  95,  441,  447 
Princess,  397 
Prior,  70 
Pritchard,  186 
Privateers,  1625,  57 


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INDEX. 


479 


Procter,  245 

Prosperous,  Ship,  240 

Prosser,  329 

Prouse,  62 

Proust,  63  J  •     ). 

Pniett,  1S7 

Prunty,  274 

Pryor,  143  ' 

Purcell,  316,  viii 

Purchase,  390 

Furleigh,  353,  357 

Putnam,  106,  223 

Putney  Grammar  School,  373 

Pyanketank  River,  215 

Pye,  379 

Quaker,  ship,  230 

Quarles,  389,  393,  394 

Quebec,  197 

Quecnsbury,  411 

Queen  Anne  Co.,  125,  151,  322  4-V 

428 
Quiackkitkunk  Creek,  318 
Quiquedajii  (Kickotan),  16.  20,  275 
Quisenbcrry,  224 

Raborg,  iii 
Racing,  415 
Ragsdale,  212,  314 
Raines,  viii 
Raleigh,  27,  28,  81 
Ralligen,  2 
Ramey,  viii 
Ramsey,  272 

Randolph  family,  tutors  for,  193 
Randolph,  94,  lOS,  110,  123,  105,  193 
194,  213,  221,  232,  237,  304,  32S, 
331,  332,  350,  352,  355.  356, 395 
442,  443,  i,  viii,  Ivi 
Randoloh    Macon    College,    335, 

xxxvi 
Rand.  69 

Rangers  Lodge,  433 
Rapene,  423 
Rapidan,  137 


Rapfjahannock  River,  21,  89,  130 
137,  138,  154,  166,  215.' 210  317* 
365,  366,  X.  xiv 
Rapshani,  381 
j    Rastell,  339,  348 
j    Ratclif,  185 
Rawley,  101,  102  ,,,, 

Rawlings,  305,  408 
Raynes,  Marmaduke,  note  on,  342 
Read,  110,  317.  xxxiii 
Redman,  viii 
Reece,  68 
Reed.  49,  182,  viii 
Reeding,  182  ; 

Refhubert,  120  '   '   '[ 

Rentfro,  271,  272,  185     ., 
Rcvell,  213 

Rkvival,  The  Great,  in  the  Weot 
1797-1805,    By    Catherine    C. 
Cleveland,  Review,  334 
Revolution,    Subscriptions,    Pow- 
hatan Co.,  177S,  for  soldiers  in 
328,  329 
Revolution,  206.  et  seq 
Rhcinberg,  284 
Rhine,  3 
Rhone,  285 
Rice,  182,  191,  328 
Richards,  272,  305    , 
Richardson,  69,  272,  307,  328.  421, 

i,  iv,  viii,  Ivi 
Richel,  189 
Richeson,  102,  328 
Richmond,  47,  100,  105,  136,  226 

310, 315, i 
Richmond  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

(Va),  vii 
Richmond     College     Historical 
Papers,  Vol.   1,  No.   2,  June, 
1910,  Review,  335 
Richmond  College,  335 
Richmond  Co.,  270 
"Rich  Neck,"  355  \\  ■  , 

Rick,  189 
Ridley,  102 


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480 


INDEX. 


Ridj^eley,  viii 

Ridgway,  321,  325.  327,  416 

"Rigby's  Marsh,"  319.  323 

RiSgs,  205 

Ritter,  George,  note  on,  297 

Ritter,  2,  2S9,  29G,  297,  298,  299, 

300,301,802 
Rives,  199,  305,  306,  iv,  viii 
Rivers,  300 
Roach,  191 
Roane,  302,  405,  liv 
Roanoke,  242 
Ro  "ards,  viii 
Robb,  314 
Roberson,  viii 
Robert,  187  J 

Roberts.    ISl,    IS'/  3S,S,   302,    viii, 

xxiii 
Robertson,  135,  157,  212,  viii 
r-lobin.s,  22'i,  vi,  viii 
ROBIN'SON  PaMILY,  EASTERN  ShOHR, 

194,  308 
Robinson,  110,  194,  195,  214,  2ul, 

308,  315,  413,  i.iv,  viii,  Ivi 
Rock,  437 
Rockbrid^re,  214 
"Rockbridf;e  Battery,"  x.'^iv 
Rocki  teller  Foundation,  vi 
Rockefeller  Sanitarj'  Commission, 

vi 
"Rock  Castle,"  442 
Rockford,  217 
Rockim^hain,  49,  xxviii 
"RockSprins?,"  100 
Rockwell,  viii 

Roe,  244,  245,  319,  320,  321,  344 
Rogers,  182,  218 
RoLFK,  John,  Ancrstc.s  and  Dk- 

SCEN'DANTS  OF,  Etc,  94  et  seq, 

200  el  seq,  327  et  seq,  440  et  seq 
RoUc,  94,  200,  327,  440 
Rolland,  387 
Roller,  viii 
Romney,  98 
Roniney  Nfarsh,  418 


Rooke,  283 

Root,  iii 

Rootes,  110 

Roper,  329  : 

Rose,  206.  334,  viii 

Rosenrnuller,  447 

Ro,5ewell,  95 

Ross,  157,  1S7,  198,  396,  401 

Rotterdam,   3,  2S4,  289.  2J0,  2^1, 
299,  381 
j    Roulhac,  417 

I    Rous,  Edv.ard,  petition,  1678,   leH 
I    Row,  393 
j    Rovvell,  357 
I    Rov.'enden,  418,  419 

Ro\.land,  132,  vi,  viii 

Rowsley,  21-8,  249 
!    Roy,  391 
I    Royall,  309 
I    Royall  and  Royster,  309 
i    Royal  Society  of  Canada,  vi 
I    Rucker,  viii 
!    Rudd,  354 
j    Ruddes,  353 

Ruddiard,  66 
I    Rudge,  362 

Rudolphus,  413 

Rukey,  1-9 

Rmnley  Creek,  320 

Rumney,  385 

Riimn-ll,  212 

Russell,  1^9,  199,  314,  315,  vi 

Rj'an,  1S3,  /iii 

Sabattie,  114,  120 

Saben,  142,  143.  341 

Sabine  Hall,  109 

Sadler,  189 

Sa fiord.  98 

Sainsbury,  77.  163,  250.  361,  ix 

St.  .Alban,  252 

St.  Andrews,  St.  Andrew,  104,  418, 

419 
St.  Andrews  in-the-Wardrobe,  385 
St.  Anne  St.,  5 


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INDEX. 


481 


St.  Christopher,  19 

St.  Dominique,  19 

St.  Gabriel  Fenchurch,  251 

St.  George's  Parish,  311 

St.  Gregory,  3S3 

St.  Katherine  Coleman,  Ub 

St.  Leger,  353 

St.  Magnus,  379 

St.  Margarets  Parish,  105,  211,  214 

St.  Martin's  380,  383 

St.  Mary  Bow,  433 

St.  Michaels  River,  320 

St.  Nicholas,  418 

St.  Olave,  85 

St.  Patricks  Parish,  201 

St.  Paul,  202,  203,  283 

St.  Peters  Parish,  321 

St.  Stephens  Parish,  392 

Saint  Steyning,  56 

Salisbury,  202,  285 

Salle,  423 

Sampson,  249,  vi,  viii 

Sams,  191 

Sandefar,  329 

Sandford,  109 

Sanders,  181 

Sands,  viii 

Sandy  Creek,  54 

Sandys,  81, 144,  243,  338,  343,  xvii 

Sartain,  viii 

Sainim,  384 

Saunders,  205,  328 

Savage,  384,  viii 

Savori,  120 

Savory,  192 

Saw  Mill,  233 

Sayer,  319 

Scags,  Scaggs,  182,  190 

Scarbrick,  388 

vScarbrough,  304,  403 

Schartreuse,  285 

Scherr,  viii 

Schmaltz,  289 

Schmid,  117,  276 

Schovell,  381 


Schoept,  202 

Schoolcraft,  198 

Schonler,  viii  ■   ■  ' 

Schuck,  viii        ' 

Schwartz,  viii 

St-hwartzwcndi,  von,  2 

Scilly,  11 

Scotland,  163 

Scott,  100,  306,  307,  313,  316,  329. 

iv,  viii. 
Scudamore,  68 
Seacock  Swamp,  213 
Scale,  403,  407 
Seartin,  273 
Seawell,  112 

Seaventure,  ship,  248,  340 
Secretary  of  State,  251 
Sellers,  446,  vi 
Sellwood,  261 
Semmes,  viii 

Semple,  183,  373  '  '      '' 

Senecas,  169 
Sennore,  385 

Servants  in  Va.,  1625  Sec,  342 
Servants,  6,  7,  64,  65,  149,  229,  232, 

241,  242.  246,  218.  249,  255,  341, 

342,    344,    348,    351,    354,    404, 

et  seq 
Seven  Pines,  Battle  of,  222 
".Severn  Hall,"  95 
Severn  River,  427       '    • 
Shadwell,  1S2,  194  .'  •'    '   ■ 

Shakespeare,  148         '   ' 
"Shakespeare"  (horse),  108 
Shanam,  182 
Shawanees,  48,  49,  53,  64,  55,  173, 

174 
Shearer,  106,  viii 
Sheepin  Va.,  37,  109 
Sheild,  443 
Shelborn,  307 
Sheldon,  388 
Shelton,  181,  185,  391 
Shenandoah,  202 
Shepherd,  viii 


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482 


INDEX. 


Sheppard,  60,  214,  243 
Sherlock,  395,  400,  401 
Sherwood,     Wm.,     to     Secretary 

Williamson,  1678,  77 
Shields,  180,190,222,416 
Shine,  viii 
Shiree,  vi 
Shippen,  viii 
Ships: 
Abigail,  338 
Bona  Nova,  337 
Black  Bess,  50,  57,  58,  248 
Booth,  233,  234,  353,  359 
Charity,  238,  240 
Culpeper,  223,  227,  22S,  229,  235, 

230,  237,  353,  357,  358 
Elizabeth,  03,  64,  239,  244,  340 
Flying  Hart,  349 
Furtherance,  337 
George,  240.  33S,  349 
Gifte,  03 

Golden  Fortune,  77 
Hound,  08 
Jacob,  340 
James,  24S,  337 
Jonathan,  346 
London  Merchant,  244 
Margaret  &-  John,  337,  246 
Marmaduke,  63 
Marygold,  63,  337 
Mayflower,  56 
Nassau,  5,  275 
Neptune,  239,  342 
Prosperous,  240 
Quaker,  230 
Seaventure,  248,  338 
Southampton,  243,  337 
Sparrow,  238 
Swan,  238,  340,  342,  343 
Temperence,  345,  346 
Ships,  30 
Shirebome,  381 
Shirley  Hundred,  68,  338 
Shoat,  271,  272 


Shockley,  273,  410 

Shoram,  15 

Short,  98.  315,  329 

Shot,  192,  271 

vSidney,  xvii 

Siegburg,  2S6 

Sills,  305 

Sim,  viii 

Simes,  241 

Simons,  274 

Sinego,  216 

Sissons,  306 

Sitterding,  viii 

Sittingbome,  161,  162 

Skipwith,  151,  415 

Skyrin,  392 

Skyring,  392 

Slaughter,  98,  99,  313,  388,  Tiii 

Sleigh,  379 

Small,  183 

Smallwood,  144,  248 

Smeath,  88 

Smiley,  416 

Smith,  59,  00,  62,  63.  64,  06,  100, 
101,  143,  145,  lis,  149,  186,  189, 
195,  198,  204,  205.  203,  241,  243, 
216,  217,  252.  262.  207,  208,  272, 
305,  313,  314,  316,  329,  340,  345, 
347,  365,  SCO,  407,  410,  447,  viii 
Smyth,  lOS,  202, 366, 379 
Smithf.eld,  405 
Smithsonian  Institution,  vi 
Smilhwick,  viii 
Snakes,  39 
Snode,  212 
Soblet,  423 
Somerset,  2G1,  385 
Somerset  House,  xlvii 
S.  A.  R.,  Nat.  Society  of,  rii 
Sorlingues,  11 
Sot  we  II,  384 
Southall,  viii 
Soulhall's  Artillery,  214 
Southampton,  148,  213,  241,  243, 385 
Southampton  Co.,  102,  103,  403 


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INDEX. 


483 


Southampton,  ship,  243,  337 

South  Anna  River,  316 

South  Carolina,  107,  201,  414 

Southerland,  187,  188 

Southerne,  61,  148 

South  Farnham  Parish,  137 

Southgate,  viii 

Southwark,  85 

Squanto,  238 

Spain,  18Q,  283,  335 

Spanish,  18 

Spanish  California,  The  Found- 
ing OF,  By  U.  E.  Chapman, 
Review,  446 

Sparks,  411 

Sparrow,  ship,  238 

Spp-23g  210,  241 

S'     .,.„'  Nicholas,  note  on,  251 

Si    "%i,  251.  252,  305,  363.  viii 

Spillonas,  65 

Spilman,  viii 

Spithead,  9 

Spotswood.  110,  221,  301,  316,  xiii 

Spotsylvania,  137.  333,  407,  403, 410 

Sprague,  111 

Spray,  417 

Sprunt,  vi 

Spywell,  ship,  395,  401 

Stanard, 19, 109, 112,  113,  224,  333, 
i,  vi,  viii,  Ivi 

Standeford,  271 

Stanian,  299,  300 

Stanley,  1S4 

Stansbury,  218 

Stanton,  100,  384 

Stanworth,  40S,  409 

Stafford  Co.,  21,  99,  101,  138,  203, 
312,  336,  408,  416 

Staffordshire,  67 

Stair,  Earl  of,  410 

Stamps,  188 

Stapeley,  111     '"•'    ''■-•'  . 

Stapp,  447         '    \  ■[■_  ^'■'    '  •■• 

Starkey,  322    •    "^    '"'       '       *' 

Statenburg,  vi 


Staton,  viii 

Staunton,  202,  310,  i,  lyi, 

Staunton  River,  180 

Steams,  viii 

Stebenheath, 194 

Steckie,  64 

Stedman,  67 

Stegar,  329 

Stegg.  225 

Steiger,  viii 

Steiner,  446  ' 

Stephens,  112,  334 

Stepenson,  179 

Stepney,  194 

Steple  Gidding,  266 

Steptoe,  100,  110,  313,  317 

Stettinius,  viii 

Stevens,  181.  287,  335,  347,  iii,  iv, 

V,  viii 
Stevenson,  272 
Stewart.  273,  328,  viii 
Stiles,  viii 
Stilts,  274 
Stillwell,  187 
Stires,  iv 

Stith,  421,  422  •     -    ' 

Stober,  274 
Stockton,  384 

Stogden  (Stockton),  63,  64,  243 
Stokes,  40S 
Stokers,  68 

Stone,  184.  195,  309,  345,  viii 
Stony  Banks,  433 
Stovall,  329 
Stowe,  254 
vStrachey,  xlviii 
Street,  329 
Strong, 190 

Strother,  200,  221,  222,  viii 
Stuart,  viii.  xxi,  xxii 
Stubbs,  iv 

Sturges.  196  ■• '  -     ■  ''' ' 

Sturman.  152       •    ' 
Sublot,329  '•    -•'    • 

Suffolk,  xxix 


n» 


484 


INDEX. 


Siegen,  286 

Sully,  viii 

Sulphur  Springs,  180 

Sumers,  271 

Summers,  215,  216 

Summerville,  210,  327,  333 

Sumter,  211 

Surinam,  17 

Surrey  Co.,  397,  415 

Susan,  ship,  310 

Sussex  County,  Notes  from  Re- 
cords OF,  198 

Sussex  Co.,  198,  416,  446 

Sutcliffe,  111 

Sutherlin,  373 

Sutherne,  218 

Sutton  Valence,  160 

Suyston,  380 

Swedish,  10 

Swedish  Historical  Society,  vii 

Swan,  146,  342,  391 

Swan,  ship,  238,  247, 

Swann,  252 

Swanson,  iv  * 

Sweatland,  270  ■      • 

Sweet,  247,  388,  iv       . .-.: 

Sweeney,  315 

Sweeton,  188 

Swem,  223 

Swyft,  Swift,  144,  145,  318,  338,  339 

Swift  Water,  367 

Switzerland,  1,  113,  117,  122,  274, 
285,301,  302,  xv 

Sykes,  314 

Symes,  Benjamin,  founder  of  a 
school,  241 

Symes-Eaton  Academy,  241 

Symington,  viii 

Tabb,  110 

Taberer,  109 

Talbot,  183,  435 

Talbot  Co.,  91,  317,  318,  319.  320, 

321,  322,  323,  324,  325,  326 
Talcott,  iv 


Taliaferro,  309,  314,  viii 

Tall,  268 

Tamarindos,  143 

Tasker.  217,  219       -^ 

Tatem,  307 

Tawnton,  381 

Tayloc,  109,  110 

Taylor,  102,  103,  146,  213,  313,  317 

373,  302,417,418,  viii  ^1 

Taylor,  Martha  K.,  will  (1808),  102 
T.\Yi.OR  OF  Southampton,  C.  &  S. 

C,  102  et  seq,  213  el  seq 
Temperance,  ship,  345,  346 
Tench,  76 

Tennessee,  xviii  * 

Tennyson,  xlviii 
Tenterden,  418,  419 
Terhune,  viii  Yjii 

Terry,  188,  390,  391,  otJi 
Teter,  447 
Teusler,  317 
Tewks,  380 
Tewkesbury,  320 
Texas,  ISO 
Thacker,  151 
Thackthorpe,  241 
Thames,  4,  7,  8 
Thames,  Battle  of  the,  203 
Thanksgiving  Proclamation,  1702. 

70 
"The  Grange,"  99 
The  Plains,  viii 
Thomas,  183,  188,  218,  389,  viii 
Thompson,  145,  189,  212,  338,  339, 

416,  vi,  viii,  ix 
Thomson,  49,  328,  412 
Thornton,  109,  110,  373,  ix 
Thornton-le-Moor,  308 
Thorpe,  146,  147 
Thresher,  240,  339,  341,  344 
Throckmorton,  ix 
Thrummiston,  379 
Thruston,  ix 
Tibbet,  22S,  356,  367 
Tidball,  ix 


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INDEX. 


485 


Tiffany,  ix 

Tilbroke,  264 

Tilbury  Fort,  7 

Tiler,  427 

Tilford,  447 

Tillett,  400 

Timberlake,  388 

Times,  214 

Timmer,  394 

Timson,  109 

Tindall's  Neck,  427 

Tipping,  88 

Tirpin,  185 

Titchbourne,  383 

Tixall,  67 

Tobacco,  58,  59,  63,  115,  119,  144, 
149,  '  •  'l  seq,  226  et  seq,  238, 
239,  •■1,242,244,215,246, 

253,  339,'64.i,  344,  345,  346,  351, 
352,  353,  354,  357,  359 

Tobacco  Trade,  1685,  &c.,  351, 
et  seq 

Todd,  82,  90,  93,  215,  217,  318,  410, 
425,426,427,428,429,430,431, 
432,  433,  434,  436,  437,  440 

Todd  Family,  425  et  seq  I 

Tokeles,  346 

Toler,  323,  329 

Tomkins,  416 

Tong,  256 

Took,  306 

Toulmin,  202 

Tories,  Va.,  in  Revolution,  335 

Tormet,  272 

Torrence,  ix,  Ivi 

Torry,  389 

Towler,  389,  390 

Trabcr,  ix 

Trade  between  Va.  and  England, 
16S3,  ice,  22Q  el  seq 

Travcrs,  384,  ix 

Travis,  188 

Tredwell,  188 

Trees  in  Va.,  1701,41 

Trent,  303 


Trevor,  374  '         • 

Trezvant,  Trezevant,  107,  vi 
Trezvant       Family,    By    J.    T. 

Trezvant,  Review,  107 
Trinity  Pari.sh,  212 
Trippe,  ix 
Trischen,  6 
Trumbull,  viii 
"Tryall,"  Ship,  246 
Tubingen,  286 

"Tuckahoe,"  194,  221,  332,  442,  443 
Tucker,  96,  146,  147,  149,  212,  328. 

340,  341,  312,  345,  348,  349.  Lx. 

xxxii,  xlviii 
Tuell,  307 
Tunstall,  ix 
Turget,  417 

Turner,  190, 315,  316, 373, 392,416,  ix 
Turpin,  329 
Tuscarora,  301 
Tuskegee,  448 
Tutors  in  Virginia,  193 
Tyler,  25,  98,  211,  314,  i,  vi,  ix,  Ivi 
Tyris,  274 
Ty.son,  10 
Tyus,  305, 

Uggins,  426 
Ulcombe,  353 
Ulster  Co.,  Hi 
Underwood,  383 
University  of  California,  vii 
University  of  Va.,  213,  i,  xxiv,  Ivi 
University    of    Virginia,     1865-66, 
xxiv  et  seq,  Presidents  Address 
Uppomac,  liv 
Upshaw,  liii,  liv 
Upshur,  444 
Utie,  243 
Uylett,  393 
Uzzell,  447 

Valais,  285 
Valentine,  i,  ix,  Ivi 
Vanbibber,  271,  272 
Vanderventer,  316 


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486 


INDEX. 


Van  de  Welde,  66 

Vaughan,  329 

Yawter,  447 

Venable,  xxii,  xxvii 

Vernon,  Major  Frederick,  note  on, 

169 
Ver  Plank,  447 
Versailles,  xviii 
Virginia  Company,  tenants  of,  143, 

144 
Va.    Assembly,    Order    of    Privy 

Council  in  regard  to  papers  of 

1678,  79 
Virginia  in  1678,  77  et  seq 
Virginia  in  1078-79,  103  et  seq.  250 

et  seq,  301  et  seq 
Virginia,  Soldiers  in,  1678-9,  259 
ViRGiviA,  Journey  of  F.  L.  Mich- 
el TO,  1701-2,   1  et  seq,   113  et 

seq,  275  et  seq 
Va.,  Agriculture  in,  1701,  31  et  seq 
Virginia,  Planting  in.  1701,  116,  124 
Virginia.  Rivers  of,  1701,  20,  21 
Virginia,    Voyage    to,    Necessities 

for,  1701,  5 
Virginia,  Trade  1701-2,  30.  31 
Virginia,  Map  of,  By  Michel,  1702. 

Frontispiece 
Virginia,  Voyage  from  England  to, 

1702.  275  et  seq 
Virginia,     C  .uncil    of,     to    Queen 

Anne,  1702,  70  et  seq 
Virginia,  Crimes  in,  1752-56,  404  et 

seq 
Virginia  Gazette,  1752  and  1755, 

Extracts  from,  AQAet    se 
Virginia    Frontier    in    History, 

1778,  44  et  seq,  16S  et  seq 
Virginia,   European  Tkaveli.ers 

in,  1700  1S02.  202 
Virginia,  Some  Emigr^vnts  to,  2d 

Ed.,  By  W.G.Stanard.  notice, 

112 
Virginia,  Bibuogr.\phyof,  Part  I, 

Va.  State  Library  Review,  223 


Virginia  Bar  Association,  vii 

Virginia  Societj'  of  Colonial  Dames 
vii 

Virginia  State  Library,  vii 

Virginia  Historical  Society,  List 
of  Officers  and  Mf.mbkrs, 
January  Magazine 

Virginia  Historical  Society,  Pro- 
ceedings of  Annl  al  Meeting, 
April  Magazine 

Virginia  Gleanings  in  England: 
Aston,  Elizabeth  (1047),  06 
Aston,  Simon  (163S),  66 
Atkins,  Thomas  (1653),  261 
Barlowe.  William  (1625).  69 
Bedell,  Sir  John  (1613),  265 
Bedell,  Sir  Thomas  (1613),  267 
Bedell,  William  (1612),  262 
Belfield,  John  (1017),  268 
Benskyn,  John  (1617),  379 
Braxton,  Mary  (1653),  383 
Brexton,  William  (1C34),  3S3 
Bushrod,  Henry'  (1614).  3S0 
Corderoy,  William  (1623),  384 
Culpcper,  John  (1030),  3S0 
Darrell,  Sir  Sam.pson  (1C35),  158 
Eltonhead,  Henr>-  (1020).  OS 
Eltonhcad,  Henr^'  (1005),  68 
Filmer,  Edward  (1053).  100 
Filmer,  Robert  (1629),  158 
Fowke,  Roger  (1630),  380 
Hope,  Georvje  (1054),  386 
JetYerson,  John  Sr.  (1047),  382 
JefTerson,  Martin  (1651),  381 

Victor,  ix 

Vigo,  283 

Vincent,  306,  ix 

Villain,  423 

Violins,  94 

Volney,  202 

Von  Graviset,  296 

Voorne,  3 

Waddell,  49,  317 
Waddill,  112 


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INDEX. 


487 


Wade,  273,  274     ,•• 

Wager,  198  ,<  v,      ■     '    '        " 

Waggener,  ix  .■■ 

Waine,  426 
Waite,  93,  190 
Wake,  142,  143 
Walch,  436  •    ..  ■  . 

Walden,  180  ,   V    ' 

Walding,  273 

Waldroop,  389  ■  n 

Walke,  110 

Walker,  55,  110,  135,  165.  190,  192, 
21S,  251,  2(.l,  308,  373,  390,  447, 
is. 
Walkern,  83,  85,  87,  215,  216,  317, 

425 
Walkern    Church,     Illustration, 

80a 
Walkern  Church,  86    . 
Walkerton,  373 

Walkhonie,  84  •    . 

Walkins  Neck,  429 

Wall,  300,  307 

Wallace,  45 

Wallen,  182,  183 

Waller,  19S,  388,  390,  391,  393,  ix 

Walling,  ix 

Walnaer  Castle,  8 

"Walnutt  Neck,"  317 

Walsinjihani,  xvii 

Walther,  283 

Walthoe,  414 

Wampum,  note  on,  170 

Wan-en,  294 

Wansey,  202 

Ward,  Warde,  88,  lO'J,  ISO,  239 

Ward,  Capt.  John,  note  on,  239 

Ward,  John,  note  on,  ISO 

Ware,  22,  ix 

Warm  Spring,  202 

Warner,  77,  250,  252 

Wamock  River,  346 

Warr,  374 

Warradine,  421 

Warren,  xviii,  xxxii 


Warrenton,  99,  xxix 

Warring,  190 

Warrosquoiacke,  241 

Warwick,  404 

Warwick  Co.,  112,  215 

Warwick,  Earl  of,  56 

Wa-shbunie,  ix 

Washington,  47,  49,  50,  54,  55,  105, 

107,  108,  196,  197,  202,  317,  ix, 

xviii,  xl,  xlvi 
Washington,  Edvvaru,  197 
Wasuixgton,    George,    Farmer, 

By  P.  L.  Haworth,  Review,  107 
Wassagusset,  23S 
Waterman,  iv 
Waters,  111 
Watkins,  146,  199,  393 
Watson,  I'JO,  329.  3S3,  ix 
Watt,  196,  ix 
Waybridge,  262 

Wayland,  vi,  ix       .;-.  .         ^  . 

Wayles,  110 
Weathered,  407 
V\^eaver,  272  ' 

Weayne,  342 
Webi),  96,  98,  123,  183,  208,  221,  272, 

442,  443,  iv 
Webber,  389 
Webster.  64,  329,  Lx 
Weeks  and  Wcekes,  151,  242 
Welburn,  329 

Weld,  202  .   . 

Wellbourne,  400 
Vv'ellford,  ix 
Wells,  183 

Welshman's  Creek,  92,  317,  318 
Wenwick,  410 
Wertenbaker,  ix 
Wesel,  284 
Wessyngton,  xviii 
West,  59,  GO,  118,  142,  143,  145,  148, 
241,  243,  218,  249,  277.  317,  337, 
389,  390,  391,    392.    444.    445, 
xlvii 
Westburie,  67 


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488 


INDEX. 


V.V 


Westcomb,  152 
Wertemberg.  Duke  of,  113 
Westham,  208 
West  Indies,  5,  6,  xlviii 
Westminster,  105,  211,  214 
Westminster  Abbey,  5 
Westmoreland,  44,  45,  46 
Westmoreland  Co.,   100,   101,   151, 

196,  312,  liii 
Weston,  84,  85,  149,  23S,  239,  240, 

244,  245,  339,  341,  342,  343,  344, 

3S4,  415 
Weston,  Herts,  214 
Weston,  Thomas,  note  on,  23S 
Westover,  67,  225,  245,  2.")0,  422,  xvi 
Westpoint,  118,  119,  165,  251,  xxvi 
West  River,  82 
West  Virginia,  202 
Wetheridge,  149,  244 
Wetzlar,  286 
Weymouth,  238 
Wharton,  44,  45 
Whately,  xxxv 
Wheat,  32 
Wheately,  161 

Wheeler,  66,  67,  ISS,  322,  433,  434 
Wheelwright,  412 
"Whetstone  Point,"  93 
Whitaker,  xlviii 
Whitbey,  82,  85,  SG,  215,  216 
White,  93,  182,  204,  317,  328,  337, 

338,  339,  393,  ix,  xxviii 
White  Eyes,  Indian,  40,  55,  168,  169, 

172,  173,  177 
Whitehall,  153,  163,  1G4,  165,  166, 

221,  250,  251.  252,  253,  254,  255, 

258,  3G3,  364,  335.  366,  402,  431, 

445 
Whitehead,  390,  391 
Whitehorn,  305 
Whitemarsh  Church,  326 
Whitemoore,  426  •  ' 

Whitledge,  426  •         ••      • 

Whitner,  ix 
Whitridge,  ix  '     w 


Whitty,  ix 

Whitworth,  388 

Wickham,  iv 

Wigginton,  317  ^ 

Wightman,  265 

Wilburn,  305 

Wilcox,  410 

Wild,  2,  414 

Wiles,  202 

Wiley,  447 

Wilkinson,  85,  307,  328,  329,  396 

Willard,  ix 

Willeroy,  392,  393 

William  III,  king,  125 

William,  King,  Commemoration  of 

death  of,  125  el  seq 
William  Henry,  169 
Williamsburg  in  1701,  25,  26 
Williamsburg,    Proclamation   of 

Queen  Anne,  etc.  at,  125  el  seq 
Williamsburg,  Churches  at,  22 
Williamsburg.  2,  3.  22,  25,  25,  29, 

95,  113,  118,  123,  125,  120,  213, 

307,  308,  409,  415,  416,  440,  i, 

Ivi 
William  &  Mary  College  vs.  Fre- 

WEN,     CUANCERY     SuiT,      1702, 

274  et  seq 
William  &  Mary  College,   1702, 

Illustration,  126a 
Wm.  &  Mary  College,  23,  25.  109, 

194,  213,  327,  351,  354,  374,  377, 

102,  xvi,  xviii 
William  &  Thomas,  ship,  145 
Williams,  Paul,  deposition  1678,  77 
Williams,  6,  77,  181,  3S8,  393.  426, 

429,  437,  iv,  ix 
Williamson,  77,  163,  ix 
Willington,  152 
Willion,  115 
Willis,  166,  274,  390 
Willis  Creek,  94 
Wills: 

Aston,  Walter  Jr.  (1687),  G8 
Baylor,  John  (1772),  367 


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''•:'■'..  .^'U' 


INDEX. 


489 


Wills — Continued : 

Fleming,  Charles  (1793),  210 
Fleming,  John  (1767),  94 
Fleming,  Thomas  (1777),  207 
Gorsuch,  Alice  (1663),  85 
Gorsuch,  Daniel  (1638),  84 
Harrison,  Burr  (1790).  98 
Taylor,  Martha  K.  (1808),  102 

Wilmer,  vi 

Willmot,  218 

Willson,  338,  354,  ix  ,; 

Willowby,  246  ' 

Wilson,  145,  154,  156,  317,  383,  404, 
405,  447,  V,  ix 

Wiltshire,  385 

Wilton,  331 

Wimbsik,  184,  274 

Wimbish,  John,  note  on,  274 

Winchester,  98,  xviii,  xxiv,  Iv 

Winder,  ix,  xv 

Winfree,  329 

Wingate,  265 

Wingerend,  173 

Wingenund,  Indian,  173 

Wingo,  388 

Winn,  xviii,  xxxii 

Winnefred,  311 

Wins  low,  iv 

Winsor,  27 

Winston,  317,  ix 

Winston,  N.  C,  195 

Winton,  383 

Wirtemberg,  286 

Wisconsin  Hist.  Soc,  107 

Wise,  223,  336,  vi,  ix,  Ivi 

Wisley,  386 

Wissahickon,  294 

Witcher,  William,  note  on,  273 

Withers,  ix 

Withington,  66,  84,  158,  379,  ix,  xiii, 
xvi,  xviii,  xlvi,  1,  li,  lii 

WiTUiNGTON,  LoTUROP,  In  Mcm- 
oriam.  President's  Address, 
xlv  et  seq 

Withington,  Old,  387 


Witkins,  426 

Witt,  185 

Wolley,  Manor  of,  265,  266 

Wood,  45,  98,  198,  208,  389 

Woodall,  65,  142,  143,  305  •  *• 

"Woodburn  Farm,"  liii 

Woodchurch,  419 

Woodfin,  329 

Woodford,  307  .  .     '  >    . 

Woodford  Co.,  Iv 

Woodhay,  385 

Woodhull,  ix 

WoodroofTe,  267 

Woodruff,  305 

Woodson,  106,  200,  328,  423,  442,  iv 

Woodward,  ix 

Woolley,  268 

Woolrich,  242 

Wooten  and  Wooton,  316,  426 

Wormeley,  252,  304,  336,  400,  403, 

421 
Worsham,  188,  ix 

Wortham,  ix  i 

Worthington,  315 
Worthy's,  270 
Wight,  ix 
Wren,  4 
Wrenn,  307,  ix 
Wrest,  299 
Wright,  152,  182,  188,  198,  215,  340, 

374,  412,  ix 
Wriothesly,  148 
Wyandots,  52 
Wyatl,  GO,  62,  63,  64,  81,  143,  144, 

145.  148,  149,  196,  203,  241,  243, 

246,  340,  345,  379,  391,  ix,  xvii 
Wyatt  of  Westmoreland  Co.,  196 
Wyche,  307 
Wynn,  66,  222,  ix 
Wynne,  188,  199,  226,  229,  359,  ix 
Wysor,  ix 
Wythe,  47 
Wytheville,  317 

Yale  University  Library,  vii 


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490 


INDEX. 


Yangchow.  194  | 

Yarbrough,  389.  390,  392 
Yardley,  Yeardley,   142,  144,  147. 
345.346 

YEAa0LEY-FLOWEEr>EWE-WEST.444. 

445 
Yarwood,  Yearwood,  344.  445 
Yates,  332 
Yellow  Tavern,  xiii 
Yonge,  25,  i,  Ivi 
York,  23.  256,  376,  377,  407,  408,  410 

416 
York  Co.,  25, 112,  llS.  135,  387,  406. 

417,  442,  443 


York  River.  20.  IIS,  120.  I5i,:154. 

156,  363,  401,  427 
Yorkshire,  196,  415,  416,  lii 
Yorktown,  26.  105.  110.  113.  135. 

136,  140.  141,  202,  210,  211,  222 

275 
Young.  182,  189,  305.  407 
Ypres,  irrvii 
YverdoD,  122,  301 

Zouche.  384 

Zurich.  299 


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