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MAGAZINE^ 


OF 


HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


PUBLISHED  QUARTERLY  BY  THE 

VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL    SOCIETY, 

RICHMONDj  VA. 


VOL.  XIII— No.  1. 


JULY.  1906 


Ealered  at  the  Postoffice  at  Richmond,  Va.,  as  Second-class  Matter. 


WM.  ELLIS  JONES,  PRINTER.       Digitized  by  GoOglc 


I307  E.  Franklin  St 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE. 


ARCHER  ANDERSON,       CHAS.  V.  MEREDITH, 
E.  W,  JAMES,  E.  V.  VALENTINE, 

Rev.  W.  MEADE  CLARK, 


EDITOR  OF  THE  MAGAZINE, 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


CONTENTS. 

1.  The   Early   Westward    Movement  of  Virginia, 

1722-1734 1 

2.  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution 16 

3.  Virginia  and  the  Cherokees 20 

4.  Virginia  Legislative  Papers 36 

5.  The  Corbin  Papers 51 

6.  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England 53 

7.  The  Vestry  Book  of  King  William  Parish,  Va., 

1707-1750 65 

8.  How  James  Buchanan  Was  Made  President 81 

9.  Letter  from  John  Paul  Jones  to  Joseph  Hewes  ...  87 

10.  Historical  and  Genealogical  Notes  and  Queries....  91 

11.  Genealogy 100 

Brent  and  Brooke  Families. 


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0 


THE 


VIRGINIA  MAGAZINE 


HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


Published  Quarterly  by 

THE  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY, 

FOR 

THE  YEAR  ENDING  JUNE,  1906. 


VOLUME    XIII, 


Richmond,  Va: 

HOUSE  OF  THE  SOCIETY, 

No.  707  East  Franklin  St. 


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L  •      ••• 


.♦.•     ••• 


?• :•:•• 


"•;.    • 


••••   ••• 

•   • 
^ 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE, 

ARCHER  ANDERSON. 
C  V.   MEREDITH, 
E.  V.  VALENTINE. 
EDWARD  WILSON  JAMES, 
Rev.  W.   MEADE  CLARK. 


Editor  of  the  Magazine. 
WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


WM.    ELLIS   JONES.    PRINTER, 
RICHMOND,  VA. 


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Table  of  Contents. 


Book  Reviews 329,  447 

Buchanan,  James,  How  made  President.  Reminiscences  of  John 
A.  Parker 81 

Carriage  Owners  in  Gloucester  County,  Va.,  1784.  Communicated 
by  Edward  Wilson  James,  Norfolk,  Va . .     313 

Corbin  Papers,  The 51 

Council  and  General  Court  Records,  Notes  from 389 

Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Gazette.  1787-1803,  Memoranda  from 425 

Genealogy— Brooke 100,  223,  445 

Brent 105,  219,  318,  435 

Mallory 216,  324,  44r 

Historical  and  Genealogical  Notes  and  Queries 91,  209,  425 

History  in  its  Relation  to  Literature.  An  Address  before  the 
Annual  Meeting  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  by  Prof.  W. 
P.  Trent,  Columbia  University 473 

Hungars  Church,  Northampton  County,  Va.  By  Thos.  B.  Robert- 
son. Eastville,  Va 315 

Illustrations — General  Roger  Elliott,  96a;  Effigies  of  John  Brent 
and  Wife,  iioa;  Cossington  Rectory,  112a:  Cossington  Lodge, 
112a;  Wickins,  near  Charing.  Kent,  222a;  Hungars  Church, 
314a;  Charing  Church,  Kent,  322a;  Hutton  Conyers,  Yorkshire,  324a 

Jones,  John  Paul,  Letter  to  Joseph  Hewes 87 

King  William  Parish,  Vestry  Book  of,  1707- 1750.  Translated  from 
the  French  and  Edited  by  Prof.  R.  H.  Fife,  Wesleyan  Univer- 
sity  65,  175,  265 

Logg*8  Town,  Treaty  of,  1752 143 


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IV  TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Meade,  Richard  Kidder,  letter  of 409 

Rovolutionary  Army  Orders,  for  a  main  army  under  Washington, 
1778-1779 337 

Virginia  in  1639-40.    From  English  Public  Record  Office 375 

Virginia  Gleanings  in  England.     By  Lothrop  Withington,  of  Lon- 
don, England,  and  H.T.  Waters,  of  Massachusetts,  55,  191,  303,  402 

Virginia  and  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees,  A  Treaty  Between,  1756,  225 

Virginia  and  the  Cherokees,  &c..  The  Treaties  of,  1768  and  1770. . .     20 

Virginia,  Early  Westward  Movement  of,  1722-34.    Council  Orders. 
Edited  by  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Washington,  D.  C.     i,  113,  281,  351 

Virginia  Legislative  Papers,  1774-75 36,  411 

Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution 16,  206 

Yeardley,   Governor  Sir  George,   and  Council,    Commission    to, 
March  14,  1625-6 298 


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THE 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND   BIOGRAPHY. 


Vol.  XIII.  JULY,  1905.  No.  i. 


THE    EARLY  WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF 
VIRGINIA,  1722-1734. 


As  Snowx  BY  THE  Proceedings  of  the  Colonial  Council. 


Edited  and  Annotated  by  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Nov.  5,  1724. 

On  reading  this  day  at  the  Board  Sundry  Depositions  taken 
before  the  Justices  of  Spotsylvania  County  against  a  Saponie 
Indian  named  Sawnie  lately  returned  from  Canada,  whereby 
it  appears  that  the  said  Indian  did  behave  himself  very  inso- 
lently threatening  the  Inhabitants  with  a  speedy  Incursion  of 
the  French  Indians,^  and  the  said  Indian  being  examined  in 


*It  is  probable  that  the  Indians  concerned  in  this  affair  belonged  to 

*»  Five  Naions.     Certain  tribes  living  in  Canada  were  largely  under 

influence  of  this  confederacy,  but  it  does  not  seem  possible  that 

•  would  be  permitted  to  penetrate  so  far  to  the  south  through  terri- 

entirely  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Inxiuois. 

this   date   the   Saponi    Indians   were  living  at   Fort   Christanna, 

».  vick  county,  Va.   Their  original  habitat  was  on  the  Yadkin  river 

cstern  North  Carolina,  near  the  base  of  the  Blue  Ridge.  They  were 

4*    v-en  from  this  place  about  the  year  1703  by  the  Iroquois.     (Byrd, 


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2  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Council  did  acknowledge  that  he  was  taken  by  the  French  In- 
dians, and  carried  into  Canada  about  two  years  ago.    That 
he  had  been  with  the  said  French  Indians  in  an -Incursion  on 
the  people  of  New  England  but  that  last  Summer  he  was  per- 
mitted to  go  to  Albany  in  company  with  some  of  the  said 
French  Indians,  from  whence  4)y  the  Favour  of  Capt.  Collins 
[and]  the  Officers  of  the  Fort  there,  he  had  liberty  to  return 
to  Virginia;  and  the  said  Indian  alledg'd  whatever  he  said 
at  Germanna  in  the  County  of  Spotsylvania  was  spoken  whilst 
he  was  in  Drink.     And  being  examined  if  he  brought  any  mes- 
sage from  the  French  Indians  to  the  Saponies  or  any  other  of 
the  Tributarys  or  if  he  intended  to  return  to  Canada  as  he 
had  formerly  given  out,  he  deny'd  both,     But  forasmuch  as 
it  appears  to  this  Board  that  the  said  Indian    hath    by    his 
speeches  &  actions  given  just  cause  of  Suspicion  of  his  ill  In- 
tentions It  is  Ord*^  that  he  be  committed  to  prison  there  to 
remain  until  farther  Orders  unless  the  Great  Men  of  his  Na- 
tion shall  engage  for  his  good  behavior,  and  that  he  shall  not 
depart  out  of  this  Government  or  hold  correspondence  with 
any  Foreign  Indians.     And  the  Interpreter  is  directed  to  sig- 
nify to  the  Saponie  Nation  the  Terms  upon  W^**  they  may 
have  the  said  Indian  delivered  to  them. 


May  4th,   1725. 

The  Governor  communicating  to  the  Council  the  advices  he 
has  received  that  on  the  26th  of  last  month  divers  Indians 
plundered  the  Quarters  of  Mr.  John  Taliaferro  near  the  great 


History  of  the  Dividing  Line,  1728,  p.  8.)  About  1740  they  removed 
from  Virginia  to  Pennsylvania  and  settled  at  Shamokin,  which  is  the 
present  site  of  Sunbury.  (Mooney,  The  Sioiian  Tribes  of  the  East, 
Bureau  of  American  Ethnology,  Smithsonian  Institution,  1894,  PP-  50- 
51.)  They  were  finally  adopted  by  the  Cayuga  tribe  and  removed  to 
New  York.  The  Saponi  were  described  as  "the  honestest  and  bravest 
Indians  Virginia  ever  knew."  A  later  Council  Order  seems  to  indicate 
that  at  least  a  portion  of  the  tribe  went  south  and  joined  the  Catawbas. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  3 

mountains"  in  Spotsylvania  County  and  committed  divers  other 
outrages  to  the  persons  &  goods  of  sundry  of  the  Inhabitants 
there  and  particularly  some  of  the  Guns  belonging  to  and 
mark'd  with  the  name  of  Spotsylvania  County  and  that  one 
John  a  Nottoway  Indian  was  amongst  the  said  Indians,  It 
is  ordered  that  it  be  referred  to  Colo.  Harrison  to  make  en- 
quiry which  of  the  Nottoway  Indians  or  other  Tributaries 
have  been  out  ahunting  about  that  time  and  to  give  order  for 
a  search  to  be  made  for  the  Guns  and  other  goods  so  car- 
ried away,  &  if  he  finds  any  of  the  said  Tributaries  have  been 
concerned  therein  that  he  cause  them  to  be  secured  &  sent  to 
W™burg  in  order  to  their  being  punished.  And  ior  the  bet- 
ter securing  the  Inhabitants  from  the  like  insult  for  the  fu- 
ture, It  is  ordered  that  a  Warrant  be  prepared  for  the  Gov- 
ernor's signing,  impowering  &  requiring  the  commanding  Offi- 
cer of  the  Militia  in  Spotsylvania  County,  on  notice  given  to 
him  of  the  insolencies  offered  by  any  Indians  to  order  out 

^This  Order  throws  a  clear  light  upon  conditions  which  prevailed 
in  Piedmont  Virginia  only  fifty  years  prior  to  the  commencement  of 
the  Revolution,  and  strikingly  illustrates  the  slow  westward  movement 
of  the  Colony  during  that  period.  One  hundred  and  eighteen  years 
had  elapsed  since  the  founding  of  Jamestown,  and  the  country  at  the 
base  of  the  Blue  Ridge  was  still  open  to  Indian  incursions. 

The  tradition  has  lingered  in  Madison  county  that  the  first  Germans 
who  settled  there  in  1724-2$  occasionally  suffered  from  Indian  depre- 
dations, and  it  is  said  that  the  last  person  killed  by  them  in  that  locality 
resided  near  the  present  site  of  New  Hope  church.  (Slaughter,  History 
of  St.  Mark's  Parish,  p.  46.) 

John  Taliaferro,  here  mentioned,  belonged  to  the  well-known  Virginia 
family  of  that  name.  He  was,  as  has  been  seen,  one  of  the  first  justices 
of  Spotsylvania.  His  will  was  probated  in  that  count>'  Aug.  7,  I744» 
and  to  his  son  Lawrence  he  devised  1,200  acres  on  the  Robinson  river; 
and  here  probably  the  Indian  outrages  mentioned  in  this  Order  oc- 
curred.    (Spotsylvania  County  Records,  New  York,  1905,  Vol.  I.,  p.  7.) 

Colonel  Nathaniel  Harrison  is  doubtless  the  person  referred  to  in 
this  Order.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Governor's  Council,  accompanied 
Governor  Spotswood  to  New  York  when  the  Treaty  of  Albany  (1722) 
with  the  Five  Nations  was  concluded,  and  is  mentioned  in  the  act 
establishing  Brunswick  county. 


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4  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

parties  of  the  Militia  to  seize  and  apprehend  all  such  as  shall 
be  found  ranging  in  those  parts  whither  (whether)  they  be 
Tributaries  or  foeign  Indians  And  in  case  any  such  be  of  the 
five  Nations  and  have  not  such  a  passport  as  is  prescribed  by 
the  late  articles  of  peace  that  the  said  Commanding  Officer 
cause  every  such  Indian  to  be  conveyed  to  W"*®burg  there  to 
be  proceeded  against  according  to  the  late  Act  of  Assembly 
for  inforcing  the  Treaties  made  with  foreign  Indians,  And 
in  case  any  such  Indian  shall  resist,  the  Officers  of  the  Militia 
to  .whom  such  resistance  shall  be  offered  are  to  subdue  them 
bv  force. 


November  sth,  1725. 

Whereas  by  Orders  of  their  Excellencies  the  Lords  Justices 
his  Mat'^  pleasure  hath  been  signified  to  allow  any  person 
desiring  the  same'  one  thousand  acres  of  land  in  the  counties 
of  Brunswick  &  Spotsylvania^  free  from  the  purchase  of 
Rights  or  payment  of  Quitt  Rents  for  the  term  of  seven 
years,  to  be  computed  from  the  first  of  May  1721,  The  Gov- 
ernor with  the  advice  of  the  Council  is  pleased  to  order  that 
the  Surveyors  of  the  said  counties  be,  and  are  hereby  impow- 
ered  to  receive  Entries  from  any  person  not  having  taken  the 
benefit  of  the  like  indulgence  before,  any  quantity  of  land, 
not  exceeding  a  Thousand  acres  to  be  granted  by  patent  with- 
out purchase  of  Rights,  but  if  any  one  shall  be  desirous  of  a 
greater  quantity  in  either  of  those  counties,  the  said  Survey- 

^Notwithstanding  the  encouragement  given  to  persons  intending  to 
settle  in  the  frontier  counties  of  Brunswick  and  Spotsylvania,  their 
development  was  slow.  As  we  have  seen,  the  first  term  of  the  Bruns- 
wick county  court  was  not  held  until  1732,  on  account  of  the  sparseness 
of  population.  Spotsylvania  developed  more  rapidly,  chiefly  because 
it  was  pierced  by  the  Rappahannock  and  its  tributaries,  and  the  move- 
ment of  population  from  Tidewater  went  up  the  valley  of  that  river  to 
the  fertile  lands  of  the  Piedmont  section.  Even  with  these  advantages, 
its  progress  was  slow.  In  the  first  decade  of  its  history  only  316  deeds 
were  admitted  to  record.  {Spotsylvania  County  Records,  New  York, 
1905.  pp.  88-121.) 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  5 

ors  are  not  to  receive  Entries  for  the  same  without  the  iisuall 
license  from  this  Board,  and  producing  Rights  for  the  whol-i 
quantity  so  entitled  for. 


A  form  of  the  patents  to  be  granted  for  lands  in  the  coun- 
ties of  I>runswick  &  Spotsylvania  without  Rights  or  payment 
of  Quitt  Rents  was  this  day  laid  before  the  Board  and  ap- 
proved. 


Feb.  I,  1726. 

On  reading  at  the  Board  a  letter  from  his  ExcelK^  Will"* 
Burnet,  Esq.,  Governor  of  New  York  together  with  a  tran- 
script of  the  late  conference  between  him  and  the  Sachims  of 
the  five  Nations  touching  a  complaint  made  from  hence  of  a 
murder  committed  by  some  of  their  Nation  on  one  of  the 
Inhabitants  of  this  Colony  last  summer  at  which  conference 
the  said  Sachims  acknowledged  that  the  said  murder  was 
committed  by  some  of  their  people  in  conjunction  with  some 
French  Indians  and  Tuscaruroes  who  they  pretend  were  in 
pursuit  of  certam  Indian  enemies^  who  fled  towards  the  house 


*The  Treaty  of  Albany  was  not  entirely  effectual  in  protecting  the 
tributar\'  Indians  of  Virginia  and  did  not  end  the  long  warfare  between 
the  southern  Indians  and  the  Iroquois.  It  also  seems  to  have  left  un- 
settled in  the  minds  of  the  Six  Nations  their  claim  to  the  country  west 
of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  in  1744  a  conference  was  held  with  them  at 
Lancaster,  Pa.  The  conference  convened  on  June  22,  and  was  attended 
by  Governor  Thomas,  of  Pennsylvania,  Hon.  Edmund  Jennings,  and 
Philip  Thomas,  Esq.,  of  Maryland,  and  the  Uonorables  Thomas  Lee 
and  William  Beverley,  of  Virginia.  The  Six  Ncitions  were  represented 
by  a  number  of  deputies. 

The  Indians  strongly  asserted  their  ownership  of  all  the  territory  in 
Virginia  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  when  the  Virginia  Commissioners 
demanded  to  know  by  what  right  this  claim  was  made,  one  of  the 
Indian  chiefs  replied :  "We  have  the  right  of  Conquest — a  right  too 
dearly  purchased  and  which  cost  us  too  much  Blood  to  give  up  without 
any  reason  at  all,  as  you  say  we  have  done  at  .\lbany.  All  the  World 
knows  we  conquered  the  Several  Nations  living  on  Susquehanna  Cohon- 
goranta,  and  at  the  back  of  the  Great  Mountains."  He  mentioned  four 
tribes  which  they  had  conquered  in  that  territory,  and  gave  their  Indian 


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6  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  person  murthered,  and  that  thereupon  the  Indians  in 
firing  killed  the  said  person  by  mistake,  and  hoped  that  tliis 
Government  would  excuse  it.  The  Council  taking  the  same 
in  consideration  are  of  opinion  that  the  Treaty  of  peace  made 

names.  In  reply,  the  Virginia  Commissioners  asserted  that  if  such  was 
the  case  the  Five  Nations  had  never  occupied  the  country  and  had  laid 
no  claim  to  it  until  about  eight  years  before  (1736),  and  that  when  the 
whites  commenced  to  settle  there  "that  part  was  altogether  deserted  and 
free  for  any  people  to  enter  upon." 

The  Indians  finally  relinquished  their  claim  to  that  great  section  of 
country  in  Virginia  between  the  Blue  Ridge  and  the  Ohio  river.  The 
consideration  which  they  received  was  400  pounds,  one  half  of  which 
was  paid  in  goods  and  the  remainder  in  gold.  The  Indians  also  com- 
plained because  they  had  been  obliged  to  remove  their  trail  to  the 
south  through  the  Valley  of  Virginia  so  much  further  to  the  west,  and 
stated  that  it  was  then  at  the  foot  of  the  "Great  Mountains"  (Allegha- 
nies),  and  asked  that  they  be  allowed  to  use  "the  road  which  was  last 
made  (the  wagon  road),  and  to  this  the  Virginia  Commissioners 
assented.  (For  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  see  Minutes  of  the  Provincial 
Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Harrisburg,  1851,  Vol.  IV.,  pp.  698-737.) 

The  great  war  trail  of  the  Five  Nations  to  the  south  started  at  Tioga, 
in  western  New  York,  and,  descending  the  north  branch  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna, passed  through  Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  and  the  Valley  of 
Virginia.  (Morgan,  League  of  the  Iroquois,  Rochester,  New  York, 
185 1,  p.  438;  work  rare,  copy  in  Congressional  Library.)  The  road 
selected  by  them  at  the  Lancaster  conference  is  shown  on  Fry  and 
Jefferson's  map  of  Virginia  (1751),  and  was  called  "The  Great  Road 
from  the  Yadkin  river  thro'  Virginia  to  Philadelphia,  distant  435 
miles,"  and  in  territory  now  embraced  within  the  limits  of  Rockingham 
county,  it  bears  this  legend,  "Indian  Road  by  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster." 
This  road  crossed  into  Virginia  from  Maryland  at  Williams  Ferry 
(now  Williamsport,  Md.),  and  passed  through  Winchester  and  Staun- 
ton. At  the  latter  place  it  turned  westward  and  skirted  the  North 
mountains  in  present  Rockbridge  county.  James  river  was  crossed  at 
Looney's  Ferry,  and  then  the  rpute  was  to  the  south  diagonally  across 
the  upper  Valley,  passing  near  the  present  site  of  Roanoke,  Va.  The 
Blue  Ridge  was  crossed  through  the  water  gap  of  the  Staunton  or 
Roaiioke  river,  and  the  road  then  turned  to  the  southwest  and  ended 
at  the  Yadkin  river. 

The  same  map  also  shows  a  section  in  old  Hampshire  county,  Va., 
marked  "Indian  Road,"  some  miles  to  the  westward  of  the  south  branch 
of  the  Potomac,  but  its  course  is  not  delineated. 


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with  the  said  Northern  Indians  will  be  rendered  altogether 
ineffectual  if  such  excuses  as  this  shall  be  accepted  for  the 
murder  of  his  Maj*^  subjects,  since  these  Indians  may*  always 
find  the  like  pretence  for  coming  into  this  Government  con- 
trary to  the  express  words  of  the  Treaty,  and  that  therefore 
it  is  fit  that  the  Governor  of  New  York  be  desired  to  inter- 
pose his  authority  with  the  said  Indians  for  obliging  them  to 
deliver  up  the  person  or  persons  guilty  of  the  said  murder  in 
order  to  be  punished  as  the  crime  deserves,  and  it  is  ordered 
that  a  letter  be  prepared  accordingly. 


Nov.  2,   1726. 
Sundry  patents  for  land  were  read  and  granted  as  follows: 

Thomas   Chew    1600  acres   above   the   little   mountains   in 
Spotsylvania  County. 


Whereas  divers  murders  have  been  lately  committed  on  the 
Frontiers  of  this  Colony  wherein  the  Nottoway  Indians"  are 
greatly  suspected  to  have  been  the  actors  and  the  said  Indians 
by  their  late  behaviour  rendering  it  highly  necessary  that  a 
strict  watch  be  kept  on  their  motions  to  prevent  the  like  mis- 
chiefs for  the  future,  this  board  have  therefore  thought  fit  to 
order  that  none  of  the  said  Indians  do  hereafter  depart  out 
of  the  bounds  of  the  lands  appropriated  for  them  without  a 
pass  from  Nathan^  Harrison,  Esq^.  who  is  hereby  impowered 

^The  home  of  the  Nottoway  Indians  was  in  southeastern  Virginia  on 
the  Nottoway  and  Black  Water  rivers.  (Mooney,  p.  7.)  In  1744  they 
were  much  reduced  in  numbers  by  sickness  and  other  casualties,  and 
the  General  Assembly  passed  an  act  authorizing  the  sale  of  their  lands 
on  the  south  side  of  the  Nottoway  river  in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va. 
At  that  time  their  possessions  had  been  reduced  to  a  tract  of  land  six 
miles  square.  The  Nansemond  Indians  are  mentioned  in  the  same  act, 
and  300  acres  of  land  belonging  to  them  in  the  county  which  bears  their 
name  were  directed  to  be  sold.  This  latter  tract  was  described  as  being 
adjacent  to  "Buck-Horn  swamp."  The  recitals  in  the  act  indicate  that 
these  ancient  tribes  were  rapidly  nearing  extinction  in  1744.  (Hening's 
Statutes,  Vol.  V.,  pp.  270-273.) 


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8  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

to  grant  such  passes  from  time  to  time  to  such  number  and 
with  such  Hmitations  of  time  and  place  as  he  shall  judge  fit, 
and  he  is  hereby  further  authorized  &  empowered  to  appoint 
a  proper  person  to  repair  once  a  week  or  as  often  as  it  shall 
be  thought  convenient  to  the  Nottoway  Town,  &  there  examine 
whether  any  of  the  said  Indians  be  absent  from  thence  without 
such  pass  as  is  herein  before  directed,  and  also  to  enquire 
whether  the  said  Indians  are  gone  &  if  those  that  have  passes 
do  keep  within  the  bounds  prescribed  therein ;  of  all  which  the 
person  so  appointed  is  to  make  a  true  report  to  the  end  that 
if  any  murders  shall  be  hereafter  committed  by  any  of  that 
Nation,  the  same  may  be  better  detected  &  punished. 


Feb.  1 6,  1727. 

Whereas  some  doubt  hath  been  made  whether  the  exemp- 
tion from  purchasing  Rights  granted  by  his  late  Mat^  to  the 
persons  taking  up  lands  in  the  counties  of  Brunswick  antl 
Spotsylvania  doth  extend  to  lands  which  shall  be  surveyed 
but  not  patented  before  the  first  of  ^lay  next.  It  is  the  opin- 
ion of  this  Board  that  the  said  exemption  doth  extend  to 
all  lands  actually  surveyed  in  the  said  counties  before  the  first 
day  of  May  next,  tho'  patents  shall  not  be  passed  for  the  same 
and  the  Surveyors  of  the  said  counties  are  to  cause  the  said 
surveys  to  be  returned  into  the  Secretary's  office  with  all  con- 
venient speed. 


Oct.  17,  1727. 

Whereas  the  Board  is  informed  that  the  Inhabitants  of  this 
Colony  near  Roanoak  had  lately  been  infested  with  a  company 
of  the  Cattawba  Indians"  who  had  committed  sev*  Robberies 

°The  original  home  of  the  Catawba  Indians  was  on  the  river  which 
bears  their  name,  close  to  the  boundary  line  between  North  and  South 
Girolina.  Their  largest  village  was  in  the  present  county  of  York  in 
the  latter  State.  (Mooney,  pp.  70-71.)  They  seem  to  have  been  "the 
bravest  and  most  enterprising  of  all  the  southern  tribes,  sometimes 
going  as  far  north  as  Pennsylvania  to  wage  war  with  the  Five  Nations. 

Kerclieval  makes  frequent  reference  to  this  tribe  as  participants  in 
battles   fought   with   the  northern   Indians   in   the  Valley  of   Virginia 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF    VIRGINIA.  9 

upon  them,  and  that  they  expected  they  would  return  soon  with 
a  more  considerable  number  and  do  more  mischief,  not  only 
to  the  English  Inhabitants,  but  to  the  Tributary  Indians ;  and 
that  there  was  some  reason  from  their  insolent  behavior  of  late, 
to  apprehend  they  designed  to  take  possession  of  Christiana 
Fort  in  which  there  are  several  Cattawbas  at  this  time,  and 
that  they  will  do  other  acts  of  Hostility,  Colonel  Harrison  is 


prior  to  the  coming  of  the  whites.  However,  he  gives  no  dates;  the 
localities  are  not  fixed  with  exactness;  his  accounts  rest  entirely  upon 
tradition,  and  most  of  them  are  vague  in  one  respect  or  another.  (Ker- 
cheval,  History  of  the  \' alley,  2nd  ed.,  1850,  pp  29-34.)  He  invariably 
states  that  the  northern  Indians  engaged  in  this  warfare  were  Dela- 
wares,  but  the  Council  Orders  and  authorities  cited  in  these  notes  make 
it  certain  that  they  belonged  to  the  Five  Nations.  He  says  that  the 
battle  of  Hanging  Rocks  was  fought  by  the  Catawbas  and  the  Dela- 
wares.  but  Schnell,  the  Moravian  missionary,  who  passed  the  spot  in 
1749  states  that  the  Mohaicks  and  Catawbas  were  the  opposing  tribes 
in  that  engagement,     {rirginia  Magazine,  Vol.  XI.,  p.  118.) 

A  preceding  note  shows  that  the  Five  Nations  exercised  jurisdiction 
over  all  that  portion  of  Virginia  lying  to  the  westward  of  the  Blue 
Ridge,  and  that  their  war  trail  to  the  south  passed  through  this  section. 
The  Iroquois  were  not  always  successful  in  their  forays  against  the 
southern  tribes.  In  a  letter  from  William  Keith,  then  Governor  of 
Pennsylvania,  dated  July  19,  1720,  addressed  to  the  Governor  of  New 
York  concerning  Indian  affairs,  the  following  passage  occurs:  "For  the 
southern  Indians  being  at  last  provoked  beyond  measure,  came  out  this 
spring  to  meet  the  Mighty  Warriors  of  your  Five  Nations,  and  pursued 
them  with  slaughter  almost  as  far  as  the  Potomeck  river."  (Minutes 
of  the  Provineial  Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  III.,  pp.  99-100.)  This 
battle  is  probably  one  of  the  traditional  engagements  mentioned  by 
Kercheval. 

In  a  leter  dated  Jan.  25,  i7i9-*20.  Governor  Spotswood  addressed  a 
vigorous  remonstrance  to  the  President  of  the  Council  of  New  York 
concerning  the  conduct  of  the  Five  Nations,  stating  that  they  had 
assisted  the  Tuscaroras  in  Virginia  in  \y\2-i^\  that  in  1717  a  large  body 
of  them  passed  to  the  south  on  the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and 
proceeding  to  the  Catawba  country,  had  fallen  upon  those  Indians,  cap- 
turing a  large  number  of  them.  The  letter  also  declares  that  the  settlers 
on  the  frontiers  of  Virginia  were  suffering  great  annoyance  at  the  hands 
of  the  Five  Nations,  and  if  the  Governor  of  New  York  did  not  restrain 
them,  the  Virginians  would  do  so,  even  if  an  Indian  war  resulted. 
(Minutes  of  the  Provincial  Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  III.,  pp.  82- 

89.) 


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10  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

desired  to  take  such  measures  as  he  shall  think  most  expe- 
dient for  protecting  the  Frontiers  against  the  Invasions  of 
those  Indians. 


Oct.  22,  1729. 

An  order  of  his  ]\Iaj^*^  in  his  privy  council  bearing  date 
the  1st  of  feb*"-^  1728  Whereby  his  Majesty  is  graciously 
pleased  to  Order  &  direct  that  fifty  nine  thousand  seven  hun- 
dred and  eighty-six  acres  of  I^nd  in  Spotsylvania  County  held 
by  Coll.  Alex^  Spotswood  by  a  defective  Title  be  regranted  to 
him  by  Patent  upon  his  procuring  Rights  for  the  same  &  de- 
claring his  Majesties  pleasure  that  the  same  Exemption  from 
payment  of  quit  Rents  be  extended  to  the  said  Lands  as  was 
granted  by  his  late  Majesty  to  the  Patentees  of  a  thousand 
acres  of  Land  in  the  same  county  whereupon  it  being  propos'd 
to  the  consideracon  of  the  Board  how  far  other  persons  hav- 
ing large  Tracts  of  Land  in  the  afs'd  county  for  w'ch  no  Rights 
were  paid  or  produced  at  the  time  of  the  Grant  ought  to  be 
charged  agreeable  to  his  Majestie's  Intentions  it  is  resolved 
and  ordered  That  Coll.  Spotswood  ought  to  produce  Rights  & 
pay  Quit  rents  for  the  full  Quantity  of  Land  men'cond  in  the 
above  Order  of  his  Maj>'  in  Council  the  S^  Quit  rents  to  be 
accounted  from  the  first  day  of  May  1728  &  that  the  same 
be  demanded  accordingly. 

That  for  all  the  other  large  Tracts  of  Land  taken  up  in  the 
said  county  &  not  within  the  benefit  of  his  late  Majesties 
Bounty  an  Immediate  Demand  be  made  of  the  Rights  for  the 
same  which  ought  to  have  been  &  were  not  paid  at  the  time  of 
the  Grant  excepting  always  such  of  the  said  Lands  as  have 
been  since  lapsed  &  granted  to  other  patentees  when  his  Majes- 
ty hath  been  satisfied  for  the  rights  thereof. 

That  in  like  manner  where  the  first  Patentees  have  continued 
hitherto  in  possession  of  their  several  Tracts  the  Quit  Rents 
for  the  same  be  demanded  from  the  first  day  of  May  1728 
but  forasmuch  as  the  S*^  Patentees  have  been  already  recom- 
mended to  his  Majesties  favour  in  relacon  to  the  Arrears  ac- 
crued before  the  first  dav  of  Mav     It  is  resolved  that  the  De- 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  U 

mand  of  the  Arrears  be  Suspended  until  his  Majesties  pleas- 
ure be  known. 


Whereas  the  Catawbow  Indians  have  by  some  of  the  Indian 
traders  signified  their  Desire  to  enter  into  a  Treaty^  of  Friend- 
ship with  this  Government. 

Its  the  Opinion  of  this  Board  that  the  S^  Indians  be  en- 
couraged in  their  good  Inclination  and  for  that  purpose  be  in- 
vited to  repair  hither  at  the  next  General  Court.  But  in  case 
the  S*^  Treaty  take  effect  it  is  insisted  that  the  said  Cattawbaw 
Indians  shall  undertake  for  the  peaceable  behaviour  of  the 
Sapony  Indians  who  have  lately  deserted  their  settlement  in 
this  Colony  &  Joined  themselves  to  the  S*^  Cattawbaw  Indians: 


Oct.  2Sth,  1729. 

On  reading  at  this  [Board  a]  LVe  from  Coll.  Montgomery 
Governor  of  New  York  with  a  Transcript  of  a  conference  held 
the  21'*  July  last  between  the  Commissioners  for  Indian  affairs 
at  Albany  and  some  of  the  Chiefs  of  the  Oneidas,®  wherein  the 

^It  is  not  definitely  known  whether  the  Treaty  contemplated  by  this 
Order  was  concluded,  but  at  a  later  period  the  Catawbas  became 
the  firm  friends  of  the  Virginia  Government.  They  aided  the  colonies 
in  the  war  against  the  Tuscaroras  (1711-13)  and  participated  on  the 
English  side  in  the  French  and  Indian  War.  During  the  Revolution 
they  stood  with  the  Whigs  of  South  Carolina  in  their  great  struggle 
against  British  invasion  and  occupation.     (Mooney,  p.  72.) 

*The  inveterate  hostility  between  the  Cataw^ba  Indians  and  the  Five 
Nations  was  indirectly  the  cause  of  an  encounter  between  the  white 
settlers  of  the  upper  Valley  and  the  latter  tribes,  which  for  a  time 
threatened  to  involve  the  western  border  of  Virginia  in  an  Indian  war. 
The  Treaty  of  Lancaster  settled  the  Indian  claim  to  the  country  west 
of  the  Blue  Ridge  and  amicably  adjusted  the  still  more  serious  question 
of  peace  or  war  with  the  Iroquoian  League.  In  December,  1742,  a  party 
of  Indians  belonging  to  this  confederacy  were  on  their  way  south  to 
engage  the  Catawbas,  when  a  battle  between  them  and  the  white  settlers 
took  place  in  the  present  county  of  Rockbridge,  then  Augusta,  near 
Balcony  Falls,  on  the  north  branch  of  the  James  river.  The  true  his- 
tory of  this  fight  is  of  considerable  historical  importance,  because  it 
was  the  first  battle  of  which  there  is  record  between  the  whites  and 


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12  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

S*^  Indians  complain  that  a  considerable  number  of  their  Nation 
have  been  lately  killed  &  taken  prisoners  by  the  Virginia  In- 
dians &  designing  repara'con.  But  it  appearing  to  this  Board 
by  several  late  accounts  brought  by  the  Indian  Traders  that 

Indians  in  all  the  vast  territory  then  belonging  to  Virginia  west  of  the 
Blue  Ridge.  Waddell  gives  an  interesting  account  of  this  engagement, 
based  on  a  letter  written  in  1808  by  Judge  Samuel  McDowell,  son  of 
Captain  John  McDowell,  who  was  killed  in  the  action.  He  states,  how- 
ever, upon  the  authority  of  Judge  McDowell,  that  the  Indians  engaged 
were  Dela wares,  which  was  not  the  case.  (Waddell,  Annals  of  Augusta 
County,  2nd  cd..  1902,  pp.  46-47.)  There  is  in  existence  a  copy  of  a 
letter  written  on  the  same  day  of  the  engagement,  which  sheds  new 
light  upon  the  affair.  This  letter  seems  to  have  escaped  the  notice  of 
qll  historians  of  the  Virginia  Valley.    The  following  is  a  literal  copy: 

"Augusta  County,  18  Dec,  1742. 
Hon'd  sir 

A  parcel  of  Indians  appeared  in  hostlie  manner  among  us,  killing 
and  carrying  off  horses,  etc.  Captain  John  Buchanan  and  Captain  John 
McDowell  came  up  with  them  this  day  and  sent  a  man  with  a  signal  of 
peace  to  them,  which  man  they  killed  on  the  spot  and  fired  on  our  men 
which  was  returned  with  bravery,  in  about  45  minutes  the  Indians  fled 
leaving  eight  or  ten  of  iheir  men  dead  on  the  spot,  and  eleven  of  our 
men  are  dead,  amongst  which  is  Captain  McDowell.  We  have  sundry 
wounded.  Last  night  I  had  an  account  of  the  Indians'  behaviour  and 
immidiatly  traveled  towards  them  with  a  party  of  men  and  came  up 
within  two  or  three  hours  after  the  battle  was  over.  I  have  summoned 
all  the  men  in  our  county  together  in  order  to  prevent  them  from  doing 
any  further  damage  and  (but  by  God's  assistance)  to  repell  them  force 
by  force.  We  hear  of  many  Indians  on  our  frontiers.  I  beg  your 
Honour's  Directions  and  Assistance  both  as  to  ammunition  and  men. 
The  particulars  of  the  battle  and  motions  of  the  enemy  I  have  not  now 
time  to  write  you. 

I  am,  Yr  Honour's  M*  Obed*  Serv*. 

James  Patton. 
P.  S. 

There  are  some  white  men  supposed  to  be  French  amongst  the  In- 
dians. Our  people  are  uneasy  but  full  of  spirits  and  hope  their  behavior 
will  show  it  for  the  future,  not  being  any  way  daunted  by  what  has 
happened. 

To  the  Honot>l<?  Will'm  Gooch  Esq»",  &c»." 

(Documents  Relative  to  the  Colonial  History  of  the  State  of  New 
y^ork,  Albany,  i855»  Vol.  VI.,  pp.  230-31.) 


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EARLY    WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  13 

the  attack  defeat  given  to  the  said  Oneyedo  was  by  the  Catta- 
baw  Indians  on  above  Towns  the  said  Oneydes  had  made  a 
secret  attack  and  in  the  retreat  were  fallen  upon  by  the  Cat- 
tabaw  Indians  without  the  Intervention  of  anv  of  the  Indians 


Until  the  discovery  of  this  letter  it  was  not  known  that  Captain 
Buchanan  commanded  one  of  the  companies  engaged  in  this  battle. 
Governor  Gooch  at  once  communicated  with  Lieutenant  Governor 
Clarke  of  New  York,  by  letter  dated  Jan.  3,  1742-3,  and  Col.  Patton's 
letter  as  given  above  was  transmitted  as  an  enclosure.  Governor  Gooch 
solicited  the  good  offices  of  Governor  Clarke  in  bringing  the  perpetra- 
ors  of  this  outrage  to  justice,  and  the  interpreter  to  the  Commissioners 
of  Indian  Affairs  of  New  York,  was  at  once  sent  to  the  Six  Nations. 
He  obtained  no  satisfaction,  the  Indians  claiming  that  the  whites  had 
been  the  aggressors.  They  also  stated  that  there  was  one  half-breed 
in  the  party,  but  no  white  men.  The  Six  Nations  were  restless  at  the 
time,  and  the  authorities  of  New  York  were  apprehensive  of  the  result. 
{Documents  Relative  to  the  Colonial  History  of  New  York,  Vol.  VI., 
pp.  230-242.) 

In  the  meantime  Governor  Gooch  had  also  communicated  with  Gov- 
ernor Thomas  of  Pennsylvania,  who  undertook  to  act  as  mediator  in 
order  to  avert  an  Indian  war.  Conrad  Weiser,  the  celebrated  inter- 
preter and  Indian  agent  of  Pennsylvania,  was  sent  to  the  Six  Nations. 
His  Report  to  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania,  and  Journal  of  his  visit 
to  the  Iroquois,  give  a  complete  account  of  this  affair  from  the  Indian 
standpoint.  Among  other  things,  he  took  the  testimony  of  an  Indian 
who  participated  in  the  battle.  This  Indian  stated,  in  substance,  that 
the  party  consisted  of  twenty-two  Onondaga  and  seven  Oneida  Indians. 
They  passed  peaceably  through  Pennsylvania  where  they  were  civilly 
treated,  but  the  people  of  Virginia  received  them  in  a  different  spirit, 
refused  to  issue  them  a  passport,  and  would  not  give  them  anything  to 
eat.  He  also  stated  that  game  was  scarce,  and  they  would  have  starved 
if  they  had  not  killed  a  hog  occasionally,  which  they  did  at  Jonontore 
(Shenandoah).  They  were  several  times  interrupted  by  the  whites  on 
their  way  up  the  Valley,  but  avoided  difficulties  with  them,  being  on 
their  way  south  to  fight  the  Catawbas.  They  had  rested  two  nights 
and  one  day  near  the  place  where  the  fight  occurred,  and  then  resumed 
their  march  to  the  south,  when  a  great  number  of  white  men  on  horses 
assailed  them.  Two  Indian  boys  in  the  rear  were  fired  upon,  but  not 
injured.  The  Indian  captain,  whose  name  was  Jonnhaty  (as  given  by 
Weiser),  told  his  men  not  to  fire,  because  the  whites  carried  a  white 
flag.  The  latter,  however,,  fired  again,  killing  fwo  Indians  on  the  spot. 
Their  captain  then  told  them  to  fight  for  their  lives,  which  they  did  at 
close  quarters  with  hatchets.  The  Indian  claimed  that  the  whites  were 
worsted  in  the  engagement,  losing  ten  killed.     He  admitted  an  Indian 


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li  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  this  Colony.  It  is  ordered  that  the  same  be  signified  to 
the  Governor  of  New  York  to  prevent  any  Misunderstand- 
ing with  the  Six  Nations.  But  forasmuch  as  the  Oneydes 
seem  principally  concerned  to  recover  their  prisoners  out  of 
the  hands  of  the  Cattabaws,  It  is  ordered  that  a  Message  be 
sent  to  the  Cattabaws  to  desire  that  the  S*^  Prisoners  be  del'd 
up  to  this  Government,  as  the  surest  means  for  their  obtaining 
a  Peace  with  the  Six  Nations  in  which  this  Govemm't  will 
Employ  this  Mediation. 


Apr.  29,  1730. 

Whereas  his  Majesty  by  order  in  his  privy  Council  bearing 
date  the  19^**  Nov*"  MDCCXXIX  having  been  graciously 
pleased  to  declare  &  order  that  the  remission  of  Rights  which 
by  Order  in  Council  on  the  6*^  of  Aug*  MDCCXXIII  was 
granted  to  the  two  new  counties  of  Brunswick  &  Spotsilvania  for 
seven  years  be  understood  to  extend  to  all  grants  of  Land  in  the 
County  of  Spotsilvania  not  exceeding  6000  Acres  including 
therein  the  1000  Acres  allowed  by  the  afs'd  Order  in  Council 
&  that  the  Grantees  be  permitted  to  hold  the  same  upon  con- 
dition that  they  do  pay  the  seven  years  Quit  Rents  now  in  Ar- 
rear  but  that  whoever  shall  be  desirous  to  hold  more  than  six 
thousand  Acres  shall  be  obliged  to  pay  both  the  same  Rights 
&  Quit  Rents  for  ever(y)  acre  exceeding  that  Number,  as 
Lands  in  any  other  part  of  Virg*  are  liable  to,  &  It  is  Ordered 
that  the  officers  of  his  Majesties  Revenue  demand  as  well  the 
Quit  Rents  now  in  Arrears  as  the  Money  due  for  the  Rights 

loss  of  only  two  killed  and  five  wounded.  He  also  stated  that  ten  of 
them  went  up  the  river  to  the  mountains  and  were  pursued  by  the 
whites  to  the  Potomac,  narrowly  escaping  with  their  lives.  The  engage- 
ment, he  said,  was  fought  near  the  river  called  "Galudoghson,"  which 
was  evidently  the  Iroquoian  name  for  the  north  branch  of  the  James. 
Upon  full  investigation  of  the  affair,  Governor  Thomas  reached  the 
conclusion  that  the  whites  were  the  aggressors,  and  so  informed  Gov- 
ernor Gooch,  who  waived  the  point  and  gave  the  Six  Nations  one 
hundred  pounds  by  way  of  reparation.  The  matter  was  finally  adjusted 
by  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster.  (For  Report  and  Journal  of  Conrad 
Weiser,  see  Minutes  of  the  Provincial  Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol. 
IV.,  Harrisburg,  1851,  pp.  640-646,  660-669.) 


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EARLY   WESTWARD    MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  15 

of  all  Tracts  of  I^nd  exceeding  the  Quantity  of  six  thousand 
acres  held  by  any  one  Patentee  in  the  S^  county  pursuant  to 
his  Majesties  Pleasure  signified  on  the  above  recited  Order  and 
it  is  further  Ordered  that  the  former  Order  of  this  Board  for 
Demanding  the  money  due  for  Rights  for  the  S^  Tracts  of 
Land  be  as  it  is  hereby  revok'd  and  that  all  Bonds  given  in  the 
Secretary's  Office  for  paym't  of  the  Rights  for  any  Tracts  of 
Land  not  exceeding  the  quantity  of  six  thousand  Acres  be 
vacated. 


On  reading  at  this  Board  a  report  from  R*  Hicks*  &  Daniel 

•In  July,  1712,  Robert  Hix,  of  Surry,  and  John  Evans,  David  Crawley, 
Richard  Jones,  and  Nathaniel  Urven,  of  Prince  George  county,  Va., 
received  a  license  from  Governor  Spotswood  to  trade  with  the  "Western 
Indians."  They  gave  a  penal  bond  of  three  hundred  pounds  not  to 
trade  with  the  Tuscaroras  or  any  other  Indians  in  league  or  alliance 
with  them.  (Calendar  of  Virginia  State  Papers,  Vol.  I.,  p.  155.)  In  his 
letter  of  Jan.  25,  1719-20,  to  the  Governor  of  New  York,  Governor 
Spotswood  stated  that  during  the  Tuscarora  War  (1711-1713)  two 
hundred  of  the  New  York  Indians  had  set  upon  and  robbed  a  caravan 
of  Virginia  Indian  traders  as  they  were  going  south,  killing  one  of 
them  and  nearly  all  of  their  horses.  At  the  Treatj-  of  Albany  (1722) 
the  Deputies  of  the  Five  Nations  admitted  that  they  had  robbed  "that 
honest  man.  Captain  Hicks,"  and  promised  to  make  reparation. 

Because  of  the  numerous  references  made  to  the  Iroquois  in  these 
notes,  a  brief  statement  concerning  their  history  is  deemed  appropriate. 

Mr.  Mooney  states,  on  page  21  of  his  learned  essay,  that  this  great 
Confederacy  was  formed  about  1570,  quoting  J.  N.  B.  Hewitt  as  au- 
thority. The  League  originally  consisted  of  five  tribes — the  Mohawk, 
Seneca,  Cayuga,  Oneida,  and  Onondaga ;  hence  their  name,  The  Five 
Nations.  They  came  in  contact  with  the  Virginia  colonists  at  an  early 
period.  Col.  Henry  Coursey,  representing  Maryland  and  Virginia,  first 
met  them  at  Albany  in  1677,  but  the  agreement  then  made  was  not 
strictly  observed  by  the  Iroquois.  In  1679,  Col.  William  Kendall,  as 
agent  of  Virginia,  held  a  conference  with  them  at  the  same  place.  This 
was  followed  by  another  conference  also  at  Albany  in  1684,  in  which 
Lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  then  Governor  of  Virginia,  participated. 
(Colden,  History  of  the  Five  Nations,  New  York,  ed.  1902,  Vol.  I.,  pp. 
24-25,  31-32,  34-51.)  The  Treaty  of  1722  has  been  mentioned,  and  this 
was  followed  by  the  Lancaster  conference  of  1744.  Negotiations  were 
also  held  with  these  tribes  by  the  Virginia  Government  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  French  and  Indian  War. 

In  1720  Governor  Hunter,  of  New  York,  estimated  the  warriors  of 


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16  \aRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Hicks  who  at  the  instance  of  the  Governor  of  New  York  were 
sent  to  the  Cattabaw  Indians  to  demand  the  liberty  of  certain 
Prisoners  of  the  five  Nations  taken  by  them  It  appearing  to 
the  Board  that  the  S^  Rob^  &  Daniel  have  diligently  p-formed 
the  service  req*d  of  them.  It  is  therefore  Ordered  that  there 
be  p'd  to  each  of  them  out  of  his  Majesties  Revenue  of  2  S  p 
hhd  the  sum  of  thirteen  pounds  Curr^  Money  for  their 
Trouble  in  the  S^  Service. 


On  the  application  of  the  Sheriffs  of  the  counties  of  Han- 
over &  Spotsilvania  for  a  more  suitable  allowance  to  enable 
them  to  collect  &  make  convenient  the  Quit  Rent  of  tob.-  aris- 
ing in  these  counties  many  of  the  Plantations  lying  some  sixty 
&  eighty  miles  distant  from  Water  Carriage  It  is  ordered  that 
they  be  allowed  30  p  Cent  on  all  the  Tobo  they  receive. 

(to  de  continued) 


VIRGINIA  MILITIA  IN  THE    REVOLUTION. 


(continued) 


Rogers,  David,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  West  Augusta  ]\Iilitia,  P. 
Acco't,  5,995.  6.  II. 

July  12.  Randolph,  Thomas.  PaymasV  to  the  Amelia  Min't 
Batt  n  for  pay,  &c.,  P.  Acco't,  bal'd,  261.  2.  7. 

SepV  I.  Rives,  Capt.  George,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  his  Comp'y 
of  Sussex  Militia,  in.  10.  5. 

9.  Royston,  Capt.  Peter,  for  Ditto  Charles  City  Ditto,  96. 
15.  II. 

the  Five  Nations  at  2,000.  {New  York  Documents,  Vol.  VI.,  p.  557) 
They  were  unquestionably  the  strongest  family  in  every  respect  among 
the  North  American  Indians.  Governor  Clinton,  of  New  York,  called 
them  'The  Romans  of  the  West." 


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VIRGINIA   MILITIA  IN  THE   REVOLUTION.  17 

1 6.  Rogers,  Capt.  Peter,  for  Waggon  hire  with  &  bacon 
furnished  his  Comp'y  of  Halifax  Ditto,  12.  19.  — . 

18.  Richardson,  Thomas,  for  pay  as  Adjutant  to  the  7th 
Bat'n  of  Ditto,  6.  6.  6. 

19.  Raines,  Capt.  John,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  his  Comp'y  of 
Prince  George  Ditto,  75.  14.  7. 

25.  Riddick,  Capt.  Demsey,  for  Ditto  Nansemond  Ditto 
43.  12.  9. 

Oct'r  3.  Rogers,  Capt,  Peter,  for  Ditto  Halifax  Ditto,  bal'ce, 
263.  II.  10. 

16.  Ranson,  Thomas,  Ensign,  for  pay  of  a  Guard  of  Glou- 
cester Ditto,  P.  Acco't,  4.  17.  6. 

Nov'r  4.  Randolph,  Richard,  for  Flour,  &c.,  furnished  the 
Prince  Edward  Ditto,  P.  Acco't,  8.  13.  4. 

7.  Riddick,  Willis,  for  sundry  Persons  for  Provisions,  &c., 
furn't  Militia,  P.  Acco't,  67.  8.  io>^. 

14.  Rice,  Thomas,  for  a  Rifle  furnished  Capt.  Charles  Al- 
len's Comp'y  ditto,    4.  — .  — . 

19.  Roberts.  William,  for  Provisions  furnished  the  Cul- 
peper  Ditto,  P.  Acco't,  46.  15.  — . 

Dec'r  10.  Rogers,  Peter,  for  waggonage  to  Halifax  Militia, 
&c.,  P.  Acco't,  33.  5.  — . 

26.  Reade,  John,  for  ferriages  to  sundry  Nansemond  Mi- 
litia, P.  Acco't,  4.  12.  6. 

31.  Robinson,  Capt.  William,  for  pay  of  his  Comp'y  Prin- 
cess Anne  Militia,  P.  Acco't,  35.  i.  11. 

1778. 

Jan'y  8.  Rumbottom,  James,  for  pay  as  Drummer  in  Capt. 
John  Slaughter's  Comp'y,  i.  10.  — . 

15.  Rubsaman,  Jacob,  for  Salt  furnished  the  Montgomery 
Militia,  P.  Acco't,  12.  — .  — . 

21.  Rogers,  Capt.  John,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  his  Comp'y  of 
Northumberl'd  Ditto,  P.  Acco't,  36.  18.  i. 

Feb'y  5.  Riddick,  Capt.  Josiah,  for  Do.  Nansemond  Ditto, 
P.  Acco't,  loi.  II.  8. 

April  21.  Rucker,  Capt.  Ephraim,  Pay,  &c.,  of  his  Comp'y 
in  Culpeper  to  5  Sep'r  last,  49.  3.  5. 


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18  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

May  6.    Roberts,  Samuel,  for  damage  done  his  Gun,  i.  — . 

23.  Royster,  Capt.  Peter,  for  Rations  for  self  and  Officers, 
2.  17.  4. 

June  12.    Rodgers,  John,  Oats,  Pasturage,  &c.,  2.  6.  3. 

22.    Roberts,  Major  William,  Culpeper  Militia,  6.  12.  — . 

25.    Rolleson,  John,  for  10  Diets  to  Gloster  Militia,  i.  10.  — . 

July  9.  Riddick,  Capt.  Robt.  M.,  for  Pay  of  his  Nansemond 
Militia,  40.  5.  4. 

Riddick,  Henry,  for  riding  Express  to  order  Do.  out  to 
Princess  Ann,  i.  10.  — . 

August  10.  Redman,  Stuart,  Pay  of  himself  and  Guard 
Westmoreland  Militia,  2.  10.  — . 

12.     Rust,  James,  Horse  hire,  &c.,  &  Jno.  Ballandine,  &c., 

1.  10.  — . 

Octo'r  17.  Roberts,  James,  for  Beef  to  Pittsylvania  Militia, 
19.  — .  — . 

20.    Robins,  Thos.,  for  a  Gun  Halifax  Minute  Men,  2.  — .  — . 

22.  Robinson,  Estate  of  John,  for  lead  to  Bedford  Militia, 
-.  7.  6. 

Robins,  Major  Jno.,  for  Pay  &  Rations,  16  Days  Northamp- 
ton Militia,  P.  Cert.,  12.  10.  8. 

29.  Roam,  Colo.  Thomas,  for  Pay  as  Colo,  of  the  Essex 
Militia,  P.  Acco't,  Sworn  to,  2.  5.  — . 

NovV  3.    Ransdell,  John,  for  a  Gun,  Fauquier  Minute  Men, 

2.  15.  — . 

10.  Rucker,  Capt.  Ephraim,  for  Pay  of  2  Militia  men,  P. 
Roll,  I.  9.  4. 

16.  Rentfro,  Capt.  William,  for  Pay  of  his  Compi'y  Botte- 
tourt  Militia,  434.  12.  8. 

16.    Renfro,  Joseph,  for  horse  hire  for  Do.  Do.,  6.  16.  6. 

25.  Ruddell,  Capt.  Isaac,  for  Pay  of  his  CompV  of  Wash- 
ington Militia  sent  under  Colo.  G.  R.  Clark  to  the  Illinois  P. 
Pay  Roll,  &  Cert.,  883.  9.  4. 

DecV  10.  Ruger,  Jacob,  for  Bacon  furnished  Henry  Militia, 
P.  Cert's,  26.  17.  6. 

Rowland,  Mich'l,  for  provisions  furnish'd  Do.,  P.  Do.,  22. 
13.  6. 


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VIRGINIA   MILITIA  IN  THE   REVOLUTION.  19 

Rowland,  Capt.  Thomas,  for  Pay  of  his  Comp'y,  Bottetourt 
Do.,  P.  Pay  Roll,  56.  4.  9. 

16.    Do.  Do.  for  Rations,  om*d  in  Do.  Do.,  4.  8.  — . 

Rentfro,  Capt.  William,  for  Rations  omitted  in  his  Pay  Roil 
1 6th  NovV,  59.  — .  — . 

1776. 

S. 

DecV  26.  Sizemore,  John,  for  one  Rifle,  sold  Capt.  James 
Anderson  for  his  Min*t  Comp'y,  4.  — .  — . 

Swepson,  Richard,  for  his  Rations  &  Waggon  hire  to  Capt. 
Lucas's  Militia,  Do.  11.  10.  — . 

Jan'y  i.  Shackelford,  Richard,  Messenger  to  the  Commit- 
tee of  Richmond  County,  12.  — .  — . 

Smith,  William,  for  Wood  furnished  the  Garrison  at  Ports- 
mouth, 25.  — .  — . 

Starr,  Elizabeth,  for  Nursing  at  the  Hospital  at  Portsmoutli, 
7.  8.  -.  \ 

Smith,  William,  for  Plank  fo^Ji«Fort  at  Portsmouth,  113. 

19.  y2.  ^-  ■ 

3.  Scott,  Joseph,  for  Rugs  for  Josiah  Parker's  Min't  Comp'y 
and  Waggon  hire,  38.  13.  4. 

16.  Sparling,  Lawrence,  &  Comply  for  Kettles  &  Axes  for 
the  Nansemond  Militia,  6.  9.  — . 

17.  Southall,  Turner,  for  7  Guns  &  provisions  for  the  Hen- 
rico Militia,  44.  11.  4>4- 

18.  Stewart  &  Mohun,  for  Iron  Work  at  the  Fort  at  Ports- 
mouth, 71.  13.  — . 

20.  Do.  &  Brown  for  Expences  going  to  examine  Gun 
Carriages  at  York,  i.  4.  — . 

(TO  BE   continued) 


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20  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


VIRGINIA  AND  THE  CHEROKEES,  &c. 


The  Treaties  of  1768  and  1770. 


From  Documents  in  the  British  Public  Record  Office 


[In  the  Virginia  State  Library  is  a  small  manuscript  vol- 
ume, bought  at  the  sale  of  the  Barlow  Collection,  which  con- 
tains a  number  of  certified  copies  of  papers  in  the  old  State  Pa- 
per Office,  relating  to  the  treaties  by  which  Virginia  acquired 
land  from  the  Cherokees. 

Much  information  bearing  on  these  treaties,  and  the  de- 
sire of  the  Virginia  people  to  obtain  a  legal  title  to  the  lands 
to  the  West  and  Southwest,  has  already  been  given  in  this 
magazine.  See  IX,  360-364  (where  the  text  of  the  Treaty 
of  Lochaber,  1770,  is  given) ;  X,  13,  14;  XII,  225-240;  353- 
357,  the  action  of  the  Assembly  on  the  subject  in  1769  and 
1770),  and  357-364  (the  letter  of  the  Committee  of  Corres- 
pondence in  support  of  the  proposed  increase  of  territory). 
The  papers  now  published  give  additional  details.] 


John  Stuart^  to  President  Blair. 

Copy  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Stuart,  Superintendent,  to  Mr. 
President  Blair: 

State  Paper  Office,  America,  Vol.  189. 

Hard  Labour,   17th  Oct.,   1768. 

Sir, — I  have  the  honor  of  acquainting  you  that  in  obedience 
to  His  Majesty's  commands,  on  the  13th  Curr*  I  met  at  this 
place  all  the  principal  chiefs  of  the  Upper  and  lower  Cherokee 
Nations,  and  on  the  fourteenth,  by  his  Majesty's  Royal  Au- 
thority concluded  a  Treaty  with  said  Indians,  ratifying  the 
cessions  of  land  lying  within  the  Provinces  of  South  Carolina, 
North  Carolina  and  Virginia  by  them  to  His  Majesty  and  his 

^For  a  note  on  John  Stuart,  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs  for 
the  Southern  Department,  see  IX,  360. 


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VIRGINIA   AND  THE  CHEROKEES.  21 

heirs  for  ever;  and  confirming  the  boundary  Line  markM 
by  the  JLords  Commissioners  of  Trade  and  Plantations,  accord- 
ing to  the  several  agreements  entered  into  with  said  Indians. 
The  line  now  ultimately  confirmed  and  ratified  by  said  Treaty 
was  as  follows : 

From  a  place  called  Towahihie  on  the  Northern  Bank  of 
Savannah  River  a  North  50  Degrees  East  course  in  a  strait 
Line  to  a  place  called  Dervisses  corner  or  yellow  water,  from 
Dervisses  Comer  or  yellow  water  a  North  50  Degrees  East 
Course  in  a  Strait  line  to  the  Southern  Bank  of  Reedy  River, 
at  a  place  called  Waughoe  or  Elm  Tree,  where  the  line  behind 
S**  Carolina  terminates.  From  a  place  called  Waughoe  or 
Elm  Tree,  on  the  Southern  Bank  of  Reedy  River  a  North 
Course  in  a  strait  line  to  a  mountain  called  Tryon  Mountain, 
where  the  great  ridge  of  mountains  becomes  impervious. 
From  Tryon  Mountain  in  a  strait  line  to  Chiswell's  Mine^  on 
the  Eastern  Bank  of  the  Great  Conhoway  River  about  a  N. 
B.  E.  course,  and  from  Colonel  Chiswell's  Mine  on  the  East- 
ern Bank  of  the  great  Conhoway  in  a  strait  line  about  a  North 
course  to  the  confluence  of  the  Great  Conhoway  with  the 
Ohio.  As  soon  as  possible  after  my  return  to  Charlestown 
I  shall  send  you  extracts  of  my  conferences  and  an  Authentick 
Copy  of  the  above-mentioned  Treaty,  concluded  with  said 
Chiefs.  I  acquainted  the  Chiefs  that  I  expected  their  Depu- 
ties would  set  out  immediately  from  this  place  with  my  Deputy 
to  meet  your  Commissioners  at  Colonel  Chis well's  Mine;  in 
order  to  finish  marking  the  Boundary  line  as  agreed  upon; 
but  they  objected  and  desired  that  service  might  be  deferred 
till  the  spring  of  next  year;  the  reasons  they  urged  for  this 
delay  are  as  follows:  That  when  they  appointed  the  loth  of 
November  for  the  time  of  meeting  your  commissioners  to 
proceed  upon  that  very  important  service,  they  understood 
that  they  had  no  more  to  mark  than  from  the  mountains, 
where  the  line  behind  North  Carolina  ends,  to  Chiswell's  Mine 
on  the  Conhoway,  as  they  considered  the  River  from  thence 
to  its  confluence  with  the  Ohio  as  a  natural  Boundary;  but 
as  the  line  is  to  run  in  a  strait  course  almost  due  North  from 

'Now  Austinville,  Wythe  county. 


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22  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  Mine  to  the  mouth  of  the  river,  the  advanced  season  of 
the  year  will  render  that  service  impracticable  before  the 
Spring,  as  the  Line  now  ultimately  agreed  upon  runs  through 
a  large  extent  of  mountainous  country  uninhabited,  where  in 
the  winter  the  cold  will  be  extremely  intense  and  there  will 
be  no  shelter  for  men  or  food  for  horses  at  that  season.  These 
reasons  appeared  to  me  so  good  and  just  that  I  was  obliged 
to  acquiesce  in  them,  and  I  send  this  letter  by  express  to  pre- 
vent as  much  as  possible  any  disappointment  that  might  re- 
sult from  this  alteration.  I  hope  you  will  receive  it  in  time 
to  prevent  your  Commissioners  setting  out.  The  Chiefs  have 
appointed  the  loth  of  May  next  for  meeting  your  Commis- 
sioners at  Chiswell's  Mine,  which  I  hope  will  prove  agreeable, 
and  their  seasons  for  altering  their  time  satisfactory  to  you 
I  reproached  the  Cherokees  severely  with  the  murther  of  five 
emigrants  from  your  Province,  who  were  going  to  the  Mis- 
sissippi, which  was  committed  in  summer  last.  They  con- 
fess'd  it,  and  said  the  perpetrators  were  a  party  of  Chilhowic 
people,  who  urged  in  their  own  defence  that  their  relations 
had  been  killed  in  Augusta  County  in  your  Province  in  1765, 
for  which  they  had  never  received  any  satisfaction,  although 
repeated  promises  had  been  made,  either  of  putting  the  guilty 
persons  to  death,  or  making  a  compensation  in  goods  from 
your  province,  which  they  believed  because  I  had  confirmed 
them.  That  they  nevertheless  were  disappointed,  and  being 
tired  with  waiting,  took  that  satisfaction  which  they  cou'd 
not  obtain  from  our  justice.  All  the  warriors  declared  that 
they  disapproved  of  the  action,  but  that  the  Chilhowie  peo- 
ple were  authorised  by  the  custom  of  their  country  to  act  as 
they  did,  and  their  plea  of  never  having  received  any  satis- 
faction was  undeniable,  that  in  any  other  instance  nothing 
shou'd  prevent  their  executing  strict  justice  on  offenders  ac- 
cording to  Treaties.  It  is  not  only  extremely  disagreeable  to 
myself,  but  very  detrimental  to  His  Majesty's  service  to  be 
obliged  to  fail  in  any  promise  I  make  to  Indians.  The  com- 
pensation of  500  Indian  dressed  Deer-skins  value  in  goods  for 
every  person  murdered,  which  on  the  faith  of  Governor  Fau- 
quier's repeated  letters  I  engaged  they  should  receive  early 
in  the  spring,  was  extremely  moderate,  and  this  you  will  ac- 


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VIRGINIA    AND   THE   CHEROKEES.  23 

knowledge  if  you  compare  it  with  the  sum  expended  by  the 
Province  of  Pennsylvania  on  a  late  similar  occasion;  and  T 
must  confess  that  this  disappointment  will  render  me  ex- 
tremely cautious  in  making  promises  on  any  future  occasion. 
I  am  to  meet  the  Chiefs  of  the  Upper  and  Lower  Creek 
Nations  at  Silver  Bluff,  on  Savannah  River,  the  ist  Novem- 
ber to  ratify  the  cessions  to  His  Majesty  in  the  two  Floridas 
and  Georgia,  and  expect  to  be  at  Charlestown  by  the  time  the 
bearer  can  return  there.  I  have  the  honor  of  being  very  re- 
spectfully, sir, 

Your  most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

John  Stuart. 

P.  S. — I  have  agreed  to  pay  the  bearer,  Samuel  Stainacre 
[Stalnacre?]  22  pistoles. 

The  Hon^»<^  John  Blair,  Esq''^ 

[Endorsed] 

Mr.  Stuart  to  Mr.  Pres*  Blair,  In  Lord    Botetourt  (No.  4)  of  ^ 
10  Xov^  1768. 

I  hereby  certify  that  this  is  a  true  copy  of  the  document  de- 
posited in  Her  Ma jesty*s' State  Paper  Office,  London. 

RoBT.  Lemon,  Chief  Clerk. 
L.  S:    State  Paper  OfUce,  20th  July,  1841. 


Treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix.^ 
State  Paper  Office,  America,  Vol.  189. 
Deed  with  the  Indians  dated,  5th  November,  1768. 

[Duplicate] 

To  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come  or  may  concern, 
we,  the  Sachems  and  Chiefs  of  the  Six  United  Nations,  and 


^By  this  treaty  the  Six  Nations  ceded  lands  as  far  south  as  the 
Cherokee  (Tennessee)  river.  Though,  of  course,  this  treaty  is  well 
known,  it  has  been  thought  that  it  would  be  well  to  include  it  when 
printing  the  other  papers  of  this  collection. 


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24  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  Shawanese,  Delawares,  Mingoes  of  Ohio,  and  other  de- 
pendant Tribes  on  behalf  of  Ourselves  and  the  rest  of  our 
several  Nations,  the  Chiefs  and  Warriors  of  whom  are  now 
here  convened  by  Sir  William  Johnson,  Baronet  His  Majesty's 
Superintendant  of  our  affairs,  send  Greeting.  Whereas,  His 
Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  to  propose  to  us  in  the  year 
1765  that  a  Boundary  Line  should  be  fixed  between  the  Eng- 
lish and  us,  to  ascertain  and  establish  our  limits,  and  prevent 
those  intrusions  and  incroachments  of  which  we  had  so  long 
and  loudly  complained,  and  to  put  a  stop  to  the  many  frau- 
dulent advantages  which  had  been  so  often  -taken  of  us  in 
land  affairs,  which  boundary  appearing  to  us  as  a  wise  and 
good  measure,  we  did  then  agree  to  a  part  of  a  Line  and  prom- 
ised to  settle  the  whole  finally,  whensoever  Sir  William  John- 
son should  be  fully  empowered  to  treat  with  us  for  that  pur- 
pose. And  whereas,  his  said  Majesty  has  at  length  given 
Sir  William  Johnson  orders,  Sir  William  Johnson  has  con- 
vened the  Qiiefs  and  Warriors  of  our  respective  nations,  who 
are  the  true  and  absolute  Proprietors  of  the  lands  in  question, 
and  who  are  here  now  to  a  very  considerable  number,  and 
whereas  many  uneasinesses  and  doubts  have  arisen  amongst 
us  which  have  given  rise  to  an  apprehension  that  the  Line  may 
not  be  strictly  observed  on  the  part  of  the  English,  in  which 
case  matters  may  be  worse  than  before,  which  apprehension, 
together  with  the  dependant  state  of  some  of  our  tribes  and 
other  circumstances,  which  retarded  the  settlement  and  became 
the  subject  of  some  debate.  Sir  William  Johnson  has  at  length 
so  far  satisfied  us  upon,  as  to  induce  us  to  come  to  an  agree- 
ment concerning  the  Line,  which  is  now  brought  to  conclu- 
sion, the  whole  being  fully  explained  to  us  in  a  large  Assembly 
of  our  people  before  Sir  William  Johnson  and  in  the  presence 
of  His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  New  Jersey,  the  Commis- 
sioners for  the  Provinces  of  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania,  and 
sundry  other  gentlemen,  by  which  line,  so  agreed  upon,  a 
considerable  tract  of  country  along  several  provinces  is  by 
us  ceeded  to  His  said  Majesty,  which  we  are  induced  to,  and 
do  hereby  ratify  and  confirm  to  His  said  Majesty  from  the 
expectation  and  confidence  we  place  in  his  royal  goodness, 
that  he  will  graciously  comply  with  our  humble  requests  as 


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VIRGINIA   AND  THE  CHEROKEES.  26 

the  same  is  expressed  in  the  speech  of  the  several  Nattons 
addressed  to  His  Majesty  thro*  Sir  William  Johnson  on  Tues- 
day, the  first  day  of  the  present  month  of  November,  wherein 
we  have  declared  our  expectations  of  the  continuance  of  His 
Majesty's  favor,  and  our  desire  that  our  ancient  engagements 
be  observed  and  our  affairs  attended  to,  by  the  officer  who 
has  the  management  thereof,  enabling  him  to  discharge  all 
these  matters  properly  for  our  interest.  That  the  lands  occu- 
pied by  the  Mohocks  around  their  villages,  as  well  as  by  any 
other  Nation  affected  by  this  our  cession,  may  effectually  re- 
main to  them  and  to  their  posterity,  and  that  any  engagements 
regarding  Property  which  they  may  now  be  under  may  be 
prosecuted  and  our  present  grants  deemed  valid  on  our  parts, 
with  the  several  other  humble  requests  contained  in  our  said 
speech.  And  whereas  at  the  settling  of  the  said  line  it  ap- 
peared that  the  Line  described  by  His  Majesty's  order  was 
not  extended  to  the  Northward  of  Oswegy,  or  the  Southard 
of  Great  Kanawha  River.  We  have  agreed  to  and  continued 
the  line  to  the  Northward,  on  a  supposition  that  it  was  omit- 
ted by  reason  of  our  not  having  come  to  any  determination 
concerning  its  course,  at  the  Congress  held  in  1765  and  in  as 
much  as  the  line  to  the  Northward  became  the  most  neces- 
sary of  any  for  preventing  encroachments  at  our  very  towns 
and  residences,  and  we  have  given  this  Line  more  favourably 
to  Pennsylvania  for  the  reasons  and  considerations  mentioned 
in  the  Treaty.  We  have  likewise  continued  it  South  to  Chero- 
kee River,  because  the  same  is  and  we  do  declare  it  to  be  our 
true  bounds  with  the  Southern  Indians,  and  that  we  have  an 
undoubted  right  to  the  country  as  far  South  as  that  River; 
which  makes  our  cession  to  His  Majesty  much  more  advan- 
tageous than  that  proposed.  Now,  therefore,  know  ye  that 
we,  the  Sachems  and  Chiefs  afore  mentioned,  native  Indians 
and  Proprietors  of  the  Lands  herein  after  described,  for  and 
in  behalf  of  ourselves  and  the  whole  of  our  confederacy  for 
the  consideration  herein  before  mentioned,  and  also  for  and  in 
consideration  of  a  valuable  present  of  the  several  articles  in 
use  and  among  Indians,  which,  together  with  a  large  sum 
of  money,  amount  in  the  whole  to  the  sum  of  Ten  thousand 
four  hundred  and  sixty  pounds  seven  shillings  and  three  pence 


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26  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Sterling  to  us  now  delivered  and  paid  by  Sir  William  John- 
son Baronet,  His  Majesty's  sole  agent  and  Superintendan* 
of  Indian  affairs  for  the  Northern  Department  of  America, 
in  the  name  and  on  behalf  of  Our  Sovereign  Lord  George 
the  third  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain,  France  and 
Ireland  King,  defender  of  the  Faith,  the  receipt  whereof  we 
do  hereby  acknowledge.  We,  the  said  Indians,  have  for  us 
our  heirs  and  successors  granted,  bargained,  sold,  released 
and  confirmed,  and  by  these  presents  do  grant,  bargain,  sell, 
release  and  confirm  unto  our  said  Sovereign  Lord,  King 
George  the  Third,  All  that  Tract  of  Land  situate  in  North 
America  at  the  Back  of  the  British  Settlements,  bounded  by 
a  Line  which  we  have  now  agreed  upon,  and  we  do  hereby 
establish  as  the  Boundary  between  us  and  the  British  Colo- 
nies in  America  Beginning  at  the  mouth  of  the  Cherokee  or 
Hozohege  River,  where  it  emptys  into  the  River  Ohio  and  run- 
ning from  thence  upwards  along  the  South  side  of  the  said 
River  to  Kittanning,  which  is  above  Fort  Pitt ;  from  thence, 
by  a  direct  line,  to  the  nearest  Fork  of  the  West  Branch  of 
Susquehannah,  thence  thro'  the  Alegany  Mountains  along  the 
South  side  of  the  said  West  Branch  till  it  comes  opposite  to 
the  Mouth  of  a  creek  caird  Tradgton,  thence  across  the  West 
Branch  and  along  the  South  side  of  that  creek,  and  along 
the  North  side  of  Burnett's  hills  to  a  creek  called  Arvondal, 
thence  down  the  same  to  the  East  Branch  of  Susquehannah, 
and  across  the  same,  and  up  the  east  side  of  that  River  to 
Oswegy,  from  thence  east  to  Delaware  River,  and  up  that 
River  to  opposite  where  Tianadhera  falls  into  Susquehannah. 
Thence  to  Tianaderha  and  up  the  west  side  thereof  and  the 
west  side  of  its  West  Branch  to  the  head  thereof ;  and  thence 
by  a  direct  line  to  Canada  Creek  where  it  emptys  into  the 
Wood  Creek  at  the  West  end  of  the  carrying  place  beyond 
Fort  Stanwix,  and  extended  Eastward  from  every  part  of 
the  said  Line  as  far  as  the  Lands  formerly  purchased,  so  as 
to  comprehend  the  whole  of  the  lands  between  the  said  Line 
and  the  purchased  lands  or  Settlements,  except  what  is  within 
the  Province  of  Pennsylvania,  together  with  the  hereditaments 
and  appurtenances  to  the  same  belonging  or  appurtaining, 
in  the  fullest  and  most  ample  manner,  and  all   the   Estate, 


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VIRGINIA   AND   THE   CHEROKEES.  27 

Right,  Title,  Interest,  Property,  Possession,  Benefit,  claim  and 
Demand,  either  in  Law  or  Equity  of  each  and  every  of  us, 
of,  in  or  to  the  same  or  any  part  thereof.  To  have  and  to 
hold  the  whole  Lands  and  Premisses  hereby  granted,  bar 
gained,  sold,  released  and  confirmed  as  aforesaid  with  the 
hereditaments  and  appurtenances  thereunto  belonging  under 
the  reservations  made  in  the  Treaty,  unto  our  said  Sovereign 
J^ovdy  King  George  the  Third,  his  heirs  and  successors,  to 
and  for  his  and  their  own  proper  use  and  behoof  for  ever. 

In  witness  weherof,  we,  the  chiefs  of  the  Confederacy, 
have  hereunto  set  our  Marks  and  seals  at  Fort  Stanwix  the 
5th  day  of  Nov',  1768,  in  the  9th  year  of  His  Majesty's  reign. 

Signed,  sealed  and  deliver'd  in  presence  of — 

Tevanhasire,  or 

Abraham,  [L.  S.]  Mohock. 

CoNAQUiESO,  [L.  S.]  Onida. 

Sesquaressura,  [L.  S.]  Tuscarora. 
Blunt,  or 

Chenughiata,  [L.  S.]  Ohandago. 

Tegaya,  [L.  S.]  Cayuga. 

GosTRAx,  [L.  S.]  Seneca. 

William  Franklin, 

Govr.  N.  Jersey. 
Frederick  Smith, 

Chief  Justice  N.  Jersey. 
Thos.  Walker, 

Commr.  from  Virginia. 
Richard  Peters, 
James  Tilghman, 

Of  the  Council  of  Pennsylva. 

[Indorsed] 
Treaty  at  Fort  Stanwix  In  Lord  Botetourt's  Dup.  (No.  6) 
of  24  Dec',  1768. 

I  hereby  certify  that  this  a  true  Copy  of  the  Original  de- 
posited in  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office,  London. 

RoBT.  Lemon,  Chief  Clerk. 

L.  S:   State  Paper  Oifie,  20th  July,  1841. 


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28  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Instructions  from  Lord  Botetourt    to  Col.    Lewis    and 
Dr.  Walker.* 

State  Paper  Office,  America,  Vol.  189. 

[Duplicate] 

Williamsburg,   Dec.   20,   1768. 
Gentlemen, 

As  it  has  been  the  opinion  of  His  Majesty's  Council 
upon  reading  and  considering  the  papers  you  have  laid  before 
them  relative  to  the  Treaty  lately  held  with  the  six  Nations  at 
Fort  Stanwix(  that  you  should  immediately  proceed  to  Mr. 
Stuart,  Superintendant  of  the  Southern  District  to  acquaint 
him  with  the  result  thereof,  and  to  represent  to  him  the  ne- 
cessity of  a  fresh  plan  of  operation  with  respect  to  the  Boun- 
dary to  be  fixed  between  the  Cherokee  Indians  and  His 
Majesty's  Colony  of  Virginia ;  it  has  been  thought  proper  that 
I  shou'd  give  some  orders  and  Instructions  for  the  regulation 
of  your  conduct  in  this  important  affair. 

You  will  consider  that  the  principal  object  of  your  journey 
is  to  convince  Mr.  Stuart  that  the  Line  he  proposes  to  run 
from  Chiswell's  mine  to  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Konhaway, 
will  so  much  contract  the  limits  of  this  Colony,  as  to  make  it 
extremely  prejudicial  to  His  Majesty's  Service,  as  well  as  in- 
jurious to  the  people  who  have  been  encouraged  to  settle  to 
the  Westward  of  his  propos'd  Boundary.  You  will  observe 
to  him  that  it  appears  from  one  of  Sir  William  Johnson's 
letters  to  Mr.  President  Blair,  dated  the  23rd  of  April  last, 
that  he,  Sir  William,  had  orders  to  consult  the  Governors 
upon  such  points  as  might  affect  their  several  provinces,  and 
it  presumable  that  Mr.  Stuart's  orders  were  agreeable  to  Sir 
William's,  tho'  no  consultation  with  the  Governor  of  this 
Colony  hath  been  had  upon  this  subject,  nor  any  opportunity 
allow'd  to  Virginia  to  shew  their  strong  objections  to  this 
very  limited  Boundary.    If  Virginia  had  been  consulted  upon 


••Andrew  Lewis,  then  of  Botetourt  county,  and  Dr.  Thomas  Walker, 
(1715-1794),  of  Albemarle  county.     Their  careers  are  well  known. 


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VIRGINIA  AND  THE  CREROKEES.  29 

this  Line  there  wou'd  have  been  an  opportunity  of  shewing 
that  the  Cherokees  have  no  just  title  to  the  Lands  between 
the  supposed  Line  and  the  Mouth  of  the  Cherokee  River, 
which  in  fact  were  claimed  and  have  been  sold  to  His 
Majesty  by  the  Northern  Nations  at  the  late  Treaty  at  Fort 
Stanwix.  You  will  observe  that  what  Land  the  Council  have 
chiefly  in  view  from  this  Negotiation  with  Mr  .Stuart  is  to 
get  the  period  of  meeting  the  Cherokees  upon  this  business., 
still  further  protracted,  so  that  we  may  have  time  fully  to 
state  this  whole  matter  to  His  Majesty  and  His  Ministers, 
in  order  to  get  the  Boundary  extended  to  the  Cherokee  River. 

Shou'd  Mr.  Stuart  object  that  he  is  not  furnish'd  with 
money  as  Sir  William  Johnson  was,  you  may  assure  him  that 
it  is  a  part  of  my  plan  to  implore  His  Majesty's  ministers  to 
endeavor  to  assist  us  in  that  same  manner,  and  that  I  am  not 
without  hopes  of  success. 

You  are  likewise  to  acquaint  Mr.  Stuart  that  in  consequence 
of  the  promise  made  by  this  Government,  of  4,500  lbs.  of 
dressed  deer  skins  in  goods  intended  as  a  compensation  for 
those  Cherokees  who  lost  their  lives  in  Augusta  County, 
those  goods  were  actually  purchased  and  sent  off  to  be  deliv- 
ered to  them  at  the  Congress  appointed  to  be  held  at  Chis- 
weirs  Mines  in  November  last;  but  that  as  upon  examina- 
tion several  of  them  are  found  to  be  much  damaged  and  im- 
paired in  their  value,  you  are  to  accept  of  Mr.  Cameron's 
proposal  signified  to  Mr.  President  Blair  in  his  letter  of  the 
9th  of  June,  and  are  to  have  the  proper  goods  to  that  amount 
bought  of  the  gentleman  who  has  offered  to  deliver  them  at 
Sequch,  at  an  advance  which  Mr.  Cameron  thought  reason- 
able. 

You  are  at  the  same  time  to  procure  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  Wampum  for  Belts,  &c.,  to  be  given  to  the  Indians.  As  [ 
know  you  to  be  perfectly  acquainted  with  the  business  you  arc 
going  upon,  will  trouble  you  with  no  further  Instructions, 
but  refer  to  your  judgment  and  discretion  to  do  the  best  as 
occasion  shall  offer.  I  have  not  the  least  doubt  but  that  you 
will  give  me  the  earliest  intelligence  of  your  Success  during 


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30  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  course  of  this  very  material  transaction.    Have  the  honor 
to  be,  Gentlemen, 

Your  very  obedient,  humble  servant, 

( Signed )     Botetourt. 

Williamsburg,  Dec.  20th,  1768. 

instructions  to  Col.  Lewis  &  Dr.  Walker. 

[Indorsed] 

Instructions  to  Commissioners — Duplicate,   In  Lord   Bote- 
tourt's Dup.  (No.  6),  of  24  Dec^  1768. 

I  hereby  certify  that  this  is  a  true  copy  of  the  Original  de- 
posited in  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office,  London. 

RoBT.  Lemon,  Chief  Clerk. 

L.  S:   State  Paper  Office,  20  July,  1841. 


Report  of  Col.  Lewis  and  Dr.  Walker  to  Lord  Botetourt, 
2  February,  1769. 

State  Paper  Office,  America,  Vol.   189. 

My  Lord, 

On  receiving  your  Excellency's  Instructions,  we  began 
our  journey  to  Charles  Town,  in  South  Carolina ;  on  the  fifth 
day  of  January  we  waited  on  His  Excellency  William  Tryon, 
Esq*",  at  Brunswick,  by  whom  we  were  kindly  received  and 
promised  all  the  assistance  in  his  power;  on  the  next  day  we 
went  to  Fort  Johnson,  near  the  mouth  of  Cape  Fear,  on  the 
8th  Governor  Tryon  wrote  us  that  some  Cherokee  Indians 
were  at  Brunswick.  Judd's  Friend  and  Salue  or  the  young 
Warrior  of  Estatoe,  were  two  of  them,  and  that  they  would 
that  day  be  at  Fort  Johnson.  His  Excellency  was  kind 
enough  to  come  with  them.  On  their  arrival  we  informed 
them  we  were  going  to  their  father,  John  Stuart,  Esq^,  on 
business  relative  to  the  interest  of  their  Nation,  and  should  be 
glad  of  their  Company,  and  they  readily  agreed  to  go  with 
us.  On  the  9th  the  vessell  we  had  engaged  was  ready  to  sail, 
and  we  embarked  with  the  two  Cherokee  Chiefs,  two  Squas 


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VIRGINIA   AND   THE  CHEROKEES.  31 

and  an  Interpreter.  On  the  eleventh  we  waited  on  Mr.  Stuart, 
delivered  your  Lordship's  letter  and  fully  informed  him  of 
our  business.  In  answer  Mr.  Stuart  told  us  that  the  Boun- 
dary between  the  Cherokees  and  Virginia  was  fully  settled 
and  ratified  in  Great  Britain,  and  that  any  proposal  of  that 
kind  would  be  very  alarming  to  them,  but  after  some  time 
agreed*  we  might  mention  it  to  them,  which  we  did  on  the 
thirteenth  of  January.  The  Indian  Qiiefs  appeared  much 
pleased  and  agreed  to  wait  on  Mr.  Stuart  with  us,  and  in  his 
presence  Judds  Friend  spoke  as  follows: 

"Father,  on  an  invitation  from  Governor  Tryon  we  left 
our  Country  some  time  since;  as  soon  as  he  saw  us  he  told 
us  of  those  our  two  elder  Brothers,  Col.  Lewis  and  Doctor 
Walker,  from  Virginia,  who  had  matters  of  importance  to 
mention  to  us  that  equally  concerned  our  people  as  well  as 
theirs.  This  news  gave  us  great  joy,  and  we  lost  no  time  in 
waiting  on  them,  and  with  great  pleasure  took  a  passage  with 
them  in  order  to  wait  on  you,  on  the  business  which  so  much 
concem'd  us,  as  well  as  their  People,  and  to  convince  you 
that  we  like  their  talk ;  we  now  take  them  by  the  hand,  giving 
them  a  hearty  welcome  and  present  them  with  this  string  of 
Wampum." 

"Father,  they  tell  us  that  by  running  the  Line  lately  men- 
tioned as  a  Boimdary  between  our  people  and  Virginia,  a  great 
number  of  their  people  will  fall  within  the  bounds  of  our 
Country,  which  would  greatly  distress  those  our  poor  Di  oth- 
ers, which  is  far  from  our  intention ;  and  to  convice  you  that 
we  are  on  all  occasions  willing  to  testify  our  brotherly  affec- 
tion towards  them,  we  are  heartily  willing  to  join  in  such 
negociations  as  may  be  thought  necessary  and  most  expedient 
for  fixing  a  new  Boundary  that  may  include  all  those  people 
settled  on  our  lands  in  the  bounds  of  Virginia,  and  we  now 
give  them,  in  presence  of  you,  our  Father,  this  string  of  Wam- 
pum as  an  assurance  those  people  shall  remain  in  peaceable 
possession  of  those  lands  until  a  treaty  is  held  for  fixing  a 
new  Boundary  between  them  and  our  People." 

Gives  a  string  of  Wampum. 

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82  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

We  then  delivered  the  following  Talk  to  the  Warriors  to 
be  by  them  communicated  to  their  Nation : 

To  the  Chiefs  of  the  Cherokees — Brothers: 

"On  the  20th  day  of  December  last,  being  in  Williams- 
burg, we  received  instructions  from  Lord  Botetourt,  our  Gov- 
ernor, a  great  and  good  man,  whom  the  Great  King  George 
has  sent  to  preside  over  his  Colony  of  Virginia,  directing  us 
to  wait  on  your  Father,  John  Stuart,  Esq',  Superintendant  of 
Indian  Aflfairs,  in  order  to  have  a  plan  agreed  on  for  fixing 
a  new  Boundary  between  your  people  and  his  Majesty's  sub- 
jects in  the  Colony  of  Virginia.  On  our  way  to  this  place, 
to  our  great  joy,  we  met  with  our  good  Brothers,  Juds  Friend 
and  the  Warrior  of  Estitoe,  who  with,  gr^at  readiness  took 
a  passage  with  us  from  Governor  Tryon's  to  this  place,  where 
we  had  the  happiness  of  waiting  on  your  Father,  Mr.  Stuart, 
and  with  joint  application  represented  to  him  the  necessity  of 
taking  such  measures  as  may  eflfectually  prevent  any  misun- 
derstanding that  might  arise  between  His  Majesty's  subjects 
of  the  Colony  of  Vii*ginia,  and  our  Brothers  the  Cherokees. 
untill  a  full  Treaty  be  opened  and  held  for  the  fixing  a  new 
Boundary  that  may  give  equal  justice  and  satisfaction  to  the 
parties  concerned,  and  that  His  Majesty's  subjects  now  set- 
tled on  the  lands  between  Chiswell's  Mine  and  the  Great 
Island  of  Holstons  River  remain  in  peaceable  possession  of 
said  lands  untill  a  line  is  run  between  them  and  our  good 
brothers,  the  Cherokees,  who  will  receive  full  satisfaction  for 
such  lands  as  you  our  brothers  shall  convey  to  our  Great 
King  for  the  use  of  his  subjects.  Your  Father,  Mr.  Stuart's 
message  to  you  on  this  head  makes  it  needless  for  us  to  say 
any  more  on  this  subject.  He  will  let  you,  at  a  proper  time, 
know  both  the  time  and  place  where  this  great  work  shall  be 
brought  into  execution.  We  have  the  pleasure  to  inform 
you  that  Vour  two  great  Warriors  now  present  have  heartily 
concurred  with  us  in  every  measure,  and  make  no  doubt  of 
such  measures  giving  great  satisfaction  to  the  whole  Nation." 

Gave  a  string  of  Wampum. 

Jan^  i6th. 


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VIRGINIA   A-ND   THE   CHEROKEES.  33 

In  answer  to  which  Judds  Friend  and  the  Warrior  of 
Estitoe  spoke  as  follows: 

Father  and  our  Brothers  from  Virginia: 

"We  have  heard  y«ur  Talks  which  we  think  very  good, 
and  shall  with  all  convenient  speed  return  to  our  Nation,  and 
when  our  Chiefs  are  assembled  shall  lay  those  talks  before 
them. 

"Brothers,  we  are  sorry  to  have  it  to  say  that  for  some 
time  bad  blood  and  evil  actions  prevailed  amongst  us,  which 
occasioned  a  stroke  from  our  Elder  Brothers,  but  now  I  have 
the  satisfaction  of  telling  you  that  our  hearts  are  good  and 
strait,  and  you  may  depend  on  their  continuing  so,  and  that 
you  may  depend  the  more  on  what  we  say,  we  take  oflf  those 
black  beads  from  the  end  of  this  string,  that  nothing  may  re- 
main but  what  is  pure  and  white,  we  now  put  the  black  beads 
in  your  hands,  which  we  call  the  remains  of  our  Evil  thoughts, 
and  desire  you  may  now  cast  them  away  that  they  may  never 
be  had  in  remembrance  more. 

"Brothers,  we  shall  with  great  pleasure  comply  with  the 
request  you  have  made  with  regard  to  the  Lands  you  have 
mentioned,  and  shall  wait  with  impatience  for  a  general  meet- 
ing, that  we  may  have  opportunity  of  convincing  our  Elder 
Brothers  of  our  friendly  disposition  towards  the;n,  by  giving 
up  those  Lands,  as  they  may  be  of  real  use  to  them ;  for  to  us 
it  is  but  little  or  none  as  we  never  hunt  there,  the  deer  do  not 
live  in  them  mountains,  and  you  in  the  meantime  may  depend 
that  your  i^ople  shall  enjoy  peaceable  possession  untill  we 
make  a  title  to  the  Great  King. 

Brothers,  we  hope  the  measures  now  taken  will  be  product- 
ive of  many  advantages  to  our  people  as  well  as  yours,  who 
by  living  so  much  nearer  to  us  will  have  it  in  their  power  to 
supply  us  with  goods,  for  we  are  often  imposed  on  greatly, 
as  we  have  no  trade  at  present,  but  from  this  Province,  and 
we  hope  you  our  Brothers  will  signify  to  your  Governor,  who 
we  believe  to  be  that  great  and  good  man  you  mention,  our 
great  desire  to  have  a  trade  with  Virginia :  that  after  this 
business  is  happily  finished,  which  we  make  no  doubt  of  on 
the  part  of  our  Nation,  we  may  enjoy  a  friendly  intercourse 


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34  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

and  an  advantageous  trade  with  our  Brothers,  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  Virginia. 

'^Brothers,  we  have  often  joined  you  in  war  against  your 
enemies  and  you  may  always  depened  on  our  assistance  on 
any  future  occasion." 

Gives  a  string  of  Wampum. 

After  we  had  given  Mr.  Stuart  our  reasons  for  thinking  it 
absolutely  necessary  that  a  new  Boundary  should  be  agreed 
on,  he  desired  us  to  commit  those  reasons  in  writing  and  sign 
them,  which  we  did  in  the  following  words: 

Sir, — His  Excellency,  the  Right  Honorable  Norborne  de 
Lord  Botetourt,  Governor  in  Chief  of  the  Colony  of  Virginia, 
and  the  King's  Council  of  that  Dominion,  having  ordered 
us  to  wait  on  you  and  assist  in  settling  a  Boundary  between 
that  Colony  and  the  Cherokee  Indians,  we  beg  leave  to  inform 
you  that  the  Line  proposed  to  be  marked  from  Chiswell's 
Mines  to  the  confluence  of  the  Great  Kanawha  with  the 
Ohio  ,would  be  a  great  disadvantage  to  the  Crown  of  Great 
Britain,  and  would  injure  many  subjects  of  Britain  that  now 
inhabit  that  part  of  the  Frontier  and  have  in  making  that 
settlement  comply'd  with  every  known  rule  of  Government 
and  the  laws  of  that  Colony. 

Lands  were  first  granted  on  the  waters  of  the  Mississipy 
by  Sir  William  Gooch,  Governor  of  Virginia,  and  the  Council 
about  the  year  1746,  in  consequence  of  instructions  from  Eng- 
land, and  many  familys  settled  on  the  lands  so  granted.  In 
the  year  1752  the  Legislature  of  Virginia  passed  an  act''  enti- 
tled "An  Act  to  encourage  the  settlers  on  the  Waters  of  the 
Mississipy,"  by  that  act  they  were  exempted  from  the  pay- 
ment of  taxes  for  ten  years.  To  this  Act  his  late  Majesty  of 
glorious  memory  gave  his  assent. 

The  next  year  another  act"  was  passed,  by  which  five  years' 
indulgence  was  added,  and  in  that  or  the  succeeding  year 
Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esq^  Governor  of  Virginia  at  that  time, 
received  instructions  from  King  George  the  Second,  to  grant 

"See  Hening,  VI,  258. 
•See  Hening,  VI,  355. 


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VIRGINIA  AND  THE  CHEROKEES.  35 

lands  on  those  Waters  exempt  from  the  payment  of  the  usual 
right  money,  and  free  from  Quit  rents,  for  ten  years. 

Under  these  encouragements  was  that  part  of  the  Colony 
settled,  whilst  the  inhabitants  were  settling  on  those  lands,  the 
Cherokee  Indians  were  frequently  at  their  habitations,  and 
never  that  we  or  either  of  us  ever  heard  made  the  least  com- 
plaint of  our  settling,  or  laid  any  claim  to  the  Lands  we  set- 
tled, until  Nov',  1763,  after  the  King's  proclamation  issued  in 
that  year. 

The  six  United  Nations  did  claim  the  lands  that  were  set- 
tled on  the  Branches  of  the  rivers  Kanhawa  and  Managahaly, 
and  were  paid  a  proper  consideration  for  them  at  Lancaster^ 
in  1744,  when  they  executed  a  deed  of  Cession  to  His  late 
Majesty. 

We  flatter  ourselves  that  the  above  is  sufficient  to  convince 
you  of  the  justice  and  legality  of  making  those  settlements. 

The  Boundary  Line  that  has  been  proposed  would  include 
many  of  the  inhabitants  before  mentioned  within  the  limits  of 
the  Cherokee  Hunting  Grounds.  For  all  such  lands  and  im- 
provements the  justice  of  the  crown  would  be  a  sufficient  in- 
ducement to  make  some  satisfaction  to  the  owners,  which 
would  be  an  expence  to  the  Crown,  and  Injure  the  Inhabi- 
tants much,  and  totally  ruin  many  of  them ;  and  the  evil  would 
be  increased  by  the  loss  of  the  Quit  rents  annually  paid  for 
those  lands,  and  would  also  give  the  Cherokees  a  large  tract 
of  Country  that  was  never  claimed  by  them,  and  now  is  the 
property  of  the  Crown,  as  Sir  William  Johnson  actually  pur- 
chased it  of  the  six  United  Nations  of  Indians,  at  a  very  con- 
siderable expence,  and  took  a  deed  of  Cession  from  them  at 
Fort  Stanwix,  near  the  head  of  the  Mohocks  River  on  the  5th 
day  of  November  last. 

The  Interest  of  the  Crown  and  inhabitants  of  Virginia  will 
be  the  most  served  by  fixing  the  Boundary  with  the  Chero- 
kees in  36  Degrees  30  minutes  North  Latitude,  that  Boun- 
dary being  already  marked  by  proper  Authority  as   far  as 


^Thc  text  of  the  treaty  of  Lancaster,  July  2,   1744,  is  printed   in 
R.  C.  M  Page's  Page  Family,  201-204. 


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36  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Steep  Rock  Creek,®  a  branch  of  the  Cherokee  river,  and  is 
the  proper  division  between  Lord  Granvill's  Propriatory  and 
the  dominion  of  Virginia,  and  includes  but  a  small  part  of 
the  lands  now  claimed  by  the  Cherokees,  they  having  often 
disclaimed  the  lands  lying  between  the  Ohio  and  a  Ridge 
of  Mountains  called  Steep  Ridge  that  divides  the  waters  of 
Cumberland  River  from  those  of  the  Cherokee  River. 

This  Boundary  will  give  room  to  extend  our  settlements 
for  ten  or  twelve  years,  will  raise  a  considerable  sum  by  the 
Rights,  much  increase  the  Quit  rents,  and  enable  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Virginia  to  live  without  the  manufacturing  such  mate- 
rials as  they  raise. 

And'w  Lewis^ 
Thos.  Walker. 

Feb'y  2,  1769. 

[Indorsed] 

Report  from  Commissioner's.  Duplicate,  In  Lord  Botetourt's 
(Xo.  8),  Dup.  of  II  Feb.,  1769. 

I  hereby  certify  that  this  is  a  true  copy  of  the  document 
deposited  in  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office,  London. 

RoBT.  Lemon^  Chief  Clerk. 

L.  S:   State  Paper  Office,  20  July,  1841. 

(to  be  concluded) 


VIRGINIA  LEGISLATIVE  PAPERS. 


From   Originals   in   Virginia   State   Archives. 


(continued)      ^ 

Petition  in  Regard  to  Boundary  Line  of  Henrico  and 

Hanover. 

May  23,  1774. 
To  the  Honorable  the  Speaker  and  Gentlemen  of  the  House  ot 
Burgesses : 

Your  Petitioners  Humbly  shew  that  they  are  deeply  inter- 
ested in  the  bounds  of  their  Lands  on  Chicahominy  Swamp. 

8N0W  the  Laurel  Fork,  of  Holston  river. 

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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS. 


87 


Therefore,  we  pray  that  if  it  shall  be  the  Opinion  of  this 
Honourable  House  that  it  is  reasonable  that  the  said  Boun- 
daries shall  be  ascertained  by  Commissioners  that  such  com- 
missioners may  be  chosen  from  Chesterfield,  King  William 
or  some  distant  County,  >yho  are  in  no  way  in  affinity  or  con- 
nected with  any  of  the  Proprietors  of  Lands  on  the  said 
Swamp,  and  your  Petitioners  in  duty  Bound  shall  Pray,  &c. 

Edward  Curd,  Daniel  Price, 

James  Cocke,  guardian  for        John  Binford, 


William  &  John  Cocke, 

Thomas  Harwood, 

Jo.  Pleasants, 

Martin  Burton,  Guardian  for 

William  Sterling  Smith, 

Jacob  Pleasants, 

Thos.  Watkins,  Sr., 

Neare  bottom  Bridge, 
Thomas  Watkins,  Jr., 
Miles  Selden, 
Joseph  Lewis', 
Julius  Allen, 
Anthony  Mathews. 
Wm.  Gathright,  Sr., 
John  Gathright, 
Jacob  Ferriss, 
Miles  Gathright,  Jr., 
William   Carter, 
John  Paris, 
John  Carter, 

[Endorsed] 

20  May,   1774.  referred  to  the  Committee  of  Propositions 
and  Grievances. 


Edward  Finch, 

James  Bradley, 

Joseph  Bradley, 

Gideon  Bradley, 

James  Eppes, 

John  Bradlev,  by 

Jas.  Eppes,  his  Guardian, 

Dancey  Bradley,  by  Do., 

Gideon   Christian, 

Joseph  Gathright, 

Caleb  Stone, 

Thomas  Owen, 

William  Owen, 

Nelson  Anderson,  Jun'r., 

Geddes  Winston, 

Ralph  Crutchfield, 

Nat.  Wilkinson, 

Robert  Spears, 

Nath.  Whitlock. 


Petition  in  Regard  to  the  Boundary  Line  of  Henrico 
AND  Hanover, 

May  23,  1774. 
To  the  Honorable  the  Speaker  and  Gentlemen  of  the  House  of 
Burgesses : 

The  Petition  of  sundry  Persons  possessed  of  Lands  adjoin- 
ing Chickahominy  Swamp  Humbly  sheweth, 


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88  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

That  your  Petitioners  have  been  informed  that  a  petition  will 
be  laid  before  this  Honourable  House  praying  that  certain 
Commissioners  may  be  appointed  to  ascertain  the  main  run 
of  the  said  Swamp  being  the  dividing  Line  between  your  Pe- 
titioners Lands. 

That  Divers  disputes  and  controversies  on  different  parts  of 
the  said  Swamp,  where  there  are  several  runs,  have  already 
been  determined  and  the  main  run  ascertained  by  the  ordi- 
nary course  of  Law  or  by  arbitrators. 

That  your  Petitioners  apprehend  that  if  Commisisoners 
should  be  appointed  agreeable  to  the  prayer  of  the  Petition 
aforesaid  that  many  of  your  Petitioners  may  be  deprived  of 
their  just  Titles  under  the  determination  aforesaid,  or  at  least 
be  obliged  to  Litigate  the  said  disputes  again  at  a  Time  when 
the  Most  Antient  and  principle  Witnesses  are  Dead. 

That  there  is  not  the  least  Probability  of  there  ever  being  a 
dispute  with  regard  to  the  Main  run  of  the  said  Swamp  be- 
tween a  large  majority  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  Lands  ad- 
joining thereto. 

That  your  Petitioners  Humbly  conceive  and  apprehend  that 
the  new  mode  of  ascertaining  controverted  bounds  of  Lands 
in  Chickahominy  Swamp  is  concerted  by  some  Persons  who 
are  dissatisfyed  with  the  determination  of  the  County  Courts 
or  Arbitrations  made  by  their  consents. 

That  your  Petitioners  apprehend  that  they  will  be  Taxed 
with  a  General  unjust  and  unnecessary  Expense,  should  the 
new  mode  of  proceedings  Petitioned  for  take  place. 

That  your  Petitioners  apprehend  that  good  and  salutar>' 
Law  now  subsists  in  this  Colony  for  ascertaining  the  Bounds 
of  every  Person's  Land  by  going  round  the  same  by  way  of 
Procession  once  in  four  years. 

Therefore,  your  Petitioners  Humbly  pray, . .  shall  here- 

after  arrive  relative  to  the  Bounds  of  their  Lands  that  the 

said  disputes  may  be  settled  and  determined  by  their 

and  your  Petitioners  in  Duty  Bound  shall  pray,  &c. 

Geddis  Winston,  John  Carter, 

William  Owen,  William  Christian, 


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VIRGINIA   LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS. 


89 


Ben.  Timberlake, 
Thomas  Owens, 
James  Cocke,  Guardian  for 
Wm.  and  John  Cocke, 
Thomas  Harwood, 
Martin  Burton,  Guardian  for  Thomas  Bowles, 
William  Starlin  Smith;     Joseph  Sheppard, 
Thos.  Watkins,  Sr.,  near  Bot 
tom's  Bridge; 


His 
Charles  Hudson  (X)  Blunt, 

Mark. 
Thomas  Mann, 
John  Winn, 


Thomas  Watkins, 
Daniel  Price, 
Miles  Selden, 
James  Royall, 

His 
Elijah  (X)  Liggon, 

Mark. 
Ralph  Crutchfield, 
Margaret  Puryear, 
John  Harlow, 
David  Bowles, 
Nathl  Holman, 
William  Ford, 
Susanna  Puryear, 

Her 
Mary  (X)  Bowles, 

Mark. 
Joseph  Lewis, 
Anthony  Matthews, 
Anne  Gathright, 
Wm.  Gathright,    , 
John  Gathright, 
Jacob  Ferriss,  , 
William  Carter, 
John  Bowles, 
Miles  Gathright,  Jr., 
John  Paris, 


His 
David  (X)  Wilkinson, 

Mark. 
John  Bin  ford, 
Edward  Finch, 
Her 
Elizabeth  (X)  Bradley, 

Mark. 
James  Bradley, 
Joseph  Bradley, 
Gideon  Bradley, 
James  Eppes, 
John  Bradley,  by  Jas.  Eppes, 

his  Guardian, 
Dancy  Bradley,  by  Jas.  Eppes, 

his  Guardian, 
Gideon  Christian, 
William  Leonard,  Sr., 
William  Sheppard, 
Benja.  Sheppard, 
Mary  Bowles, 
John  Christian, 
Richmond  Terrell, 
Nathaniel  Raglen 
William  Raglen,  by  Rob't 
Crump,  their  G. 
Thomas  Bowles, 
Caleb  Stone, 
Nath'l  Wilkinson. 


23  May,  1774. 
and  Grievances. 


[Endorsed] 
Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Propositions 
(Reasonable.)         »       (A  True  Copy.) 


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40  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Presbyterian    Protest   Against   a    Proposed   Toleration 

ACT.^ 

June  5,  1774. 

To  the  Honorable  the  Speaker  and  the  Gentlemen  of  the  House 
of  Burgesses : 

The  Petition  of  the  Presbytery  of  Hanover  in  behalf  of 
themselves  and  all  the  Presbyterians  in  Virginia  in  particu- 
lar and  all  Protestant  Dissenters  in  general,  Humbly  Sheweth : 

That  upon  application^  made  by  the  rev'd  Mr.  James  Ander- 
son in  behalf  of  the  Synod  of  Philadelphia  The  Honorable 
Governor  Gooch  with  the  advice  of  the  Council  did  in  the 
year  1738  or  about  that  time  for  the  encouragement  of  all 
Presbyterians  who  might  incline  to  settle  in  the  Colony  Grant 
an  Instrument  of  writing  under  the  Seal  of  the  Colony  con- 
taining the  most  ample  assurance  that  they  should  enjoy  the 
full  and  free  exercise  of  their  Religion  and  all  the  other  privi- 
ledges  of  good  subjects.  Relying  upon  this  express  Stipula- 
tion as  well  as  upon  the  Justice  and  catholic  Spirit  of  the 
whole  Legislative  body,  several  thousand  families  of  Presby- 
terians have  removed  from  the  Northern  provinces  into  the 
frontiers  of  this  Colony ;  exposed  themselves  to  a  cruel  and 
savage  enemy,  and  all  the  other  toils  and  dangers  of  settling 
a  New  Country  and  soon  became  a  Barrier  to  the  former  in- 
habitants who  were  settled  in  the  same  commodious  parts  of 
the  Colony.  Ever  since  that  time  we  have  been  considered 
and  treated  upon  an  equal  footing  with  out  fellow-subjects 
nor  have  our  ministers  or  people  been  restricted  in  their  re- 
ligious priviledges  by  any  law  of  the  Colcfny.  Your  humble 
petitioners  futther  shew  that  with  gratitude  they  acknowledge 

*As  this  proposed  act  never  became  a  law,  it  is  not  printed  in  the 
Statutes  at  Large,  nor  is  a  copy  known  to  exist.  Its  provisions  can, 
however,  be  ascertained  from  the  protest  here  printed.  For  action 
of  the  Presbyterians  in  regard  to  this  act,  see  Foote's  Sketches  of  Vir- 
ginia, 319-322. 

2For  the  petition  of  the  Synod  of  Philadelphia  and  the  answer  of 
Governor  Gooch,  dated  May  28,  1738,  see  Footes  Sketches  of  Virginia, 
103-105. 


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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  41 

the  Catholic  design  of  our  late  honorable  Assembly  to  secure 
by  law  the  religious  liberties  of  all  protestant  Dissenters  in 
the  Colony;  accordingly  they  did  in  the  year  1772  prepare 
and  print  a  Toleration  Bill ;  but  as  the  subject  was  deeply  in- 
teresting it  was  generously  left  open  for  Amendment.  But 
notwithstanding  we  are  fully  persuaded  of  the  Catholic  and 
generous  design  of  our  late  representatives,  yet  we  arc  deep- 
ly sensible  that  some  things  in  the  above  named  printed  Bil! 
will  be  very  gievious  and  burdensome  to  us  if  passed  into  a  law. 
Therefore  we  humbly  and  earnestly  pray  that  the  said  Bill 
may  not  be  established  without  such  alterations  and  amend- 
ments as  will  render  it  more  agreeable  to  the  principles  of 
impartial  liberty  and  sound  policy  which  we  presume  were  the 
valuable  ends  for  which  it  was  first  intended.  Therefore  we 
humbly  beg  leave  while  we  are  making  the  prayer  of  our  peti- 
tion in  a  more  particular  way  to  lay  before  the  honourable 
house  in  the  most  respectful  manner,  a  few  remarks  upon  the 
Bill. 

The  preamble  is  agreeable  to  what  we  desire  only  we  pray 
that  the  preamble  and  every  other  part  of  the  Bill  may  be  so 
expressed  as  will  be  most  likely  to  obtain  the  royal  assent. 

We  are  also  willing  that  all  our  Clergymen  should  be  re- 
quired to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance,  &c.  usually  taken  by  civil 
officers  and  to  declare  their  beliefs  of  the  Holy  Scriptures. 

Likewise  as  is  required  in  the  said  Bill  we  shall  willingly 
have  all  our  Churches  and  stated  places  for  public  worship 
registered  if  this  honourable  house  shall  think  proper  to  grant 
it.  But  every  minister  of  the  Gospel  is  under  indispensable 
obligations  to  follow  the  Example  of  our  blessed  Saviour 
"who  went  about  doing  good"  and  the  example  of  his  apos- 
tles who  not  only  **taught  in  the  Temple  but  in  every  house 
where  they  came  they  ceased  not  to  teach  and  preach  Jesus 
Christ;*'  From  which  and  their  constant  practice  of  travel- 
ling into  every  quarter  of  the  World  we  humbly  trust  that 
it  will  appear  to  this  Assembly  that  we  cannot  consistent  with 
the  duties  of  our  office  wholly  confine  our  ministrations  to 
any  place  or  number  of  places  and  to  be  limitted  by  law  would 
be  the  more  grevious  because  in  many  parts  of  the  Colony 
even  where  the  majority  of  the  inhabitants  are  Presbyterians 


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42  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

it  is  not  and  perhaps  it  may  not  in  any  short  time  be  easy  to 
determine  where  it  would  be  the  most  expedient  to  fix  upon 
a  stated  place  for  public  worship ;  and  indeed  where  we  have 
houses  for  worship  already  built  generally  the  bounds  of  our 
Congregations  are  so  very  extensive  that  many  of  our  people 
especially  women,  children  and  servants  are  not  able  to  at- 
tend by  reason  of  the  distance  which  makes  it  our  duty  as 
faithful  ministers  of  Christ  to  dcJuble  our  diligence  and  fre- 
quently to  Lecture  and  Catechise  in  the  remote  corners  of  our 
Congregations:  This  restriction  would  also  be  very  grevious 
to  us  in  many  other  respects ;  we  only  beg  leave  to  add  that 
the  number  of  Presbyterians  in  this  province  is  now  very  great 
and  the  number  of  Clergymen  but  Small,  therefore  we  are 
obliged  frequently  to  itenerate  and  preach  through  various 
parts  of  the  Colony,  that  our  people  may  have  an  opportunity 
to  worship  God  and  receive  the  Sacraments  in  the  way  agree- 
able to  their  own  consciences.  As  to  our  having  meetings  for 
public  worship  in  the  night  it  is  not  a  frequent  practice  among 
our  churches;  yet  sometimes  we  find  it  expedient  to  attend 
night  meetings  that  a  neighborhood  may  hear  a  sermon  or  a  lec- 
ture, or  to  be  catechised  without  being  much  interrupted 
in  their  daily  labour:  And  so  long  as  our  fellow-subjects 
are  permitted  to  meet  together  by  day  or  by  night  for  the 
purposes  of  business  or  diversion  we  hope  we  shall  not  be 
restrained  from  meeting  together  as  opportunity  serves  us  upon 
business  of  all  others  the  most  important  especially  if  it  be 
considered  that  the  Apostles  held  frequent  societies  by  night, 
and  once  St.  Paul  continued  his  speech  till  midnight:  ac- 
cordingly it  is  well  known  that  in  city  and  collegiate  churches 
evening  prayers  and  lectures  have  long  been  esteemed  law- 
ful and  profitable  exercises  and  to  any  bad  influence  this  prac- 
tice may  have  upon  servants  or  any  others  it  is  sufficient  to  say 
that  there  is  nothing  in  our  principles  or  way  of  worship  that 
tend  to  promote  a  spirit  of  disobedience  or  disorder  but  much 
to  the  contrary,  and  if  any  person  shall  be  detected  in  doing  or 
teaching  anything  criminal  in  this  respect  we  presume  he  is 
liable  to  punishment  by  a  law  already  in  being,  therefore  we 
pray  that  no  dissenting  minister  qualified  according  to  law 


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VIRGINIA   LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  43 

may  be  subjected  to  any  penalty  for  preaching  or  teaching  at 
any  time  or  in  any  place  in  this  Colony. 

We  confess  it  is  easy  for  us  to  keep  open  doors  in  time 
of  divine  service  except  in  case  of  storm  or  other  inclem- 
ency of  the  weather ;  yet  we  would  humbly  represent  that  such 
a  requirement  implies  a  suspicion  of  our  Loyalty  and  will  fix 
a  stigma  upon  us  to  after  ages  such  as  we  presume  our  hon- 
ourable representatives  will  not  judge  that  we  have  anyhow 
incurred;  therefore  we  pray  that  this  Clause  may  also  be  re- 
moved from  the  Bill. 

And  as  to  baptizing  or  receiving  servants  into  our  com- 
munion we  have  always  anxiously  desired  to  do  it  with  the 
permission  of  their  Masters;  but  when  a  servant  appears  to 
be  a  true  penitent  and  makes  profession  of  his  faith  in  Christ 
upon  his  desire  it  is  our  indispensable  duty  to  admit  him  into 
our  church  and  if  he  has  never  been  baptized  we  are  to  bap- 
tize him  according  to  the  command  of  Christ;  "Go  ye  there- 
fore and  teach  all  nations  baptizing  them  in  the  name  of  the 
Father  and  of  the  Son  and  of  the  Holy  Ghost :  teaching  them 
to  observe  all  things  whatsoever  I  have  commanded  you  and 
I  am  with  you  always  even  unto  the  end  of  the  world.  Amen." 
And  we  are  so  confidently  persuaded  of  the  liberal  sentiments 
of  this  house  that  in  obeying  the  laws  of  Christ  we  shall  never 
be  reduced  to  the  necessity  of  disobeying  the  Laws  of  our 
Country. 

And  we  also  having  abundant  reason  to  hope  that  we  shall 
be  indulged  in  every  other  thing  that  may  appear  reason- 
able; your  Petitioners  further  pray, 

For  liberty  and  protection  in  the  discharge  of  all  the  func- 
tions and  duty  of  our  office  as  ministers  of  the  Gospel ;  and 
that  the  penalties  to  be  inflicted  on  those  who  may  disturb 
any  of  our  congregations  in  the  time  of  divine  service  or  mis- 
use the  Preacher  be  the  same  as  on  those  who  disturb  the  con- 
gregation or  misuse  the  preachers  of  the  Church  of  England ; 
and  that  the  dissenting  clerg>%  as  well  as  the  Clergy  of  the 
established  Church,  be  excused  from  all  burdensome  offices; 
all  which  we  conceive  is  granted  in  the  English  Toleration  Act. 
And  we  pray  for  that  freedom  in  speaking  and  writing  upon 
religious  subjects  which  is  allowed  by  law  to  every  member 


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44  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  British  Empire  in  civil  affairs  and  which  has  long  been 
so  friendly  to  the  Cause  of  Liberty.  And  also  we  pray  for 
a  right  by  law  to  hold  estates  and  enjoy  donations  and  lega- 
cies for  the  support  of  our  Churches  and  schools  for  the  in- 
struction of  our  youth.  Though  this  is  not  expressed  in  the 
English  Act  of  Toleration,  yet  the  greatest  Lawyers  in  Eng- 
land have  pled,  and  the  best  judges  have  determined  that  it 
is  manifestly  implied. 

Finally  we  pray  that  nothing  in  the  Act  of  Toleration  may 
be  so  expressed  as  to  render  us  Suspicious  or  odious  to  our 
Countrymen  with  whom  we  desire  to  live  in  peace  and  friend- 
ship: but  that  all  misdemeanors  committed  by  dissenters  may 
be  punished  by  laws  equally  binding  upon  all  our  fellow  sub- 
jects without  any  regard  to  their  religious  Tenets  Or  if  any 
non-compliance  with  the  Conditions  of  the  Act  of  Tolera- 
tion shall  be  judged  to  deserve  punishment,  We  pray  that  the 
crime  may  be  accurately  defined  and  the  penalty  ascertained 
by  the  Legislature;  and  that  neither  be  left  to  the  discretion 
of  any  magistrate  or  court  what  ever.  May  it  please  this 
Honourable  Assembly  There  are  some  other  things  which 
we  omit,  because  they  are  less  essential  to  the  rights  of  con- 
science and  the  interest  of  our  Church ;  we  trust  that  we  pe- 
tition for  nothing  but  what  justice  says  ought  to  be  ours; 
for  as  ample  priviledges  as  any  of  our  fellow  subjects  enjoy. 

"To  have  and  enjoy  the  full  and  free  exercise  of  our  Re- 
ligion without  molestation  or  danger  of  incurring  any  pen- 
alty whatsoever."  We  are  petitioning  in  favor  of  a  church 
that  is  neither  contemptible  nor  obscure;  It  prevails  in  every 
province  to  the  Northward  of  Maryland  and  its  advocates  in 
all  the  more  Southern  provinces  are  numerous  and  respecta- 
ble; The  greatest  Monarch  in  the  North  of  Europe  adorns 
it;  It  is  the  established  religion  of  the  populous  and  wealthy 
states  of  Holland ;  It  prevails  in  the  wise  and  happy  Cantons 
in  Switzerland:  and  it  is  the  profession  of  Geneva  a  State 
among  the  foremost  of  those  who  at  the  Reformation  eman- 
cipated themselves  from  the  Slavery  of  Rome:  And  some  of 
the  first  geniuses  and  writers  in  every  branch  of  Literature 
were  sons  of  our  Church. 

The  subject  is  of  such  solemn  importance  to  us  that  corn- 


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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  45 

paratively  speaking  our  lives  and  our  liberties  are  but  of  lit- 
tle value;  and  the  population  of  the  Country  and  the  honour 
of  the  legislature  as  well  as  the  interest  of  American  liberty 
are  certainly  most  deeply  concerned  in  the  matter ;  Therefore 
we  would  willingly  lay  before  this  Honourable  House  a  more 
extensive  view  of  our  Reasons  in  favor  of  an  unlimited  im- 
partial Toleration :  but  fearing  we  should  transgress  upon  the 
patience  of  the  house  we  conclude  with  praying  that  the  alwise 
just,  and  merciful  God  would  direct  you  in  this,  and  all  your 
other  important  determinations. 
Signed  by  order  of  Presbytery. 

David  Rice,^  Moderator, 

•  Caleb  Wallce/  Clk. 

At  a  session  of  the  Presbytery  In  Amherst  County,  Nov.  1 1 , 
1774. 


Deposition  of  Adam  Wallace  in  Regard  to  John  Bowyer  ' 

Sept.  id,  1774. 
The  Deposition  of  Adam  Wallace  of  full  age  being  first 

^David  Rice,  one  of  the  most  eminent  ministers  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  was  born  in  Hanover  county.  Va..  December  20,  1733,  and 
died  June  18.  1816.  He  was  educated  at  Nassau  Hall,  and  entered 
the  ministry  in  1762,  serving  congregations  in  Hanover,  1762-66: 
and  in  the  last  year  accepted  a  call  to  the  congregations  in  Bedford 
county.  Concord,  and  Peaks  of  Otter.  In  1782  he  visited  Kentucky, 
and  was  the  first  Presbyterian  minister  within  its  bounds.  In  1783 
he  received  a  call  to  Kentucky  and  speedily  removed  thither.  His  most 
useful  labors  there,  religious  and  civil,  are  well  known,  and  have  gained 
him  the  title  of  "Patriarch  of  Presbyterianism  in  Kentucky."  He  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  Rev.  Samuel  Blair,  and  reared  a  family  of 
eleven  children.     See  Foote,  78-87. 

*Caleh  Wallace,  a  native  of  Charlotte  county,  graduated  at  Prince- 
ton in  1770,  and  in  1774  became  minister  of  Cub  Creek  and  Little 
Falling  River  congregations,  in  Virginia.  In  1779  he  removed  to 
Botetourt,  and  in  1783  emigrated  to  Kentucky.  He  abandoned  the 
ministry  for  the  law.  in  which  he  became  eminent,  and  was  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky.  Like  his  colleague,  David  Rice, 
he  was  a  man  of  marked  ability. 

*John  Bowyer  was  long  a  very  prominent  man  in  Botetourt  coun- 
ty, which  he   represented   in  the   House  of  Burgesses,   1769-75,   in  all 


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46  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelist  deposeth  &  saith  that  some  time 
in  June  Last  soon  after  Jno.  Bowyer  had  Returned  from  the 
Assembly  ys.  Deponnent  was  at  the  House  of  the  sd.  Bowyer 
&  on  Conversation  Relating  to  orders  just  before  given  by 
Colo.  Andw.  Lewis  to  the  Captains  of  some  Companies  near 
him  to  have  certain  numbers  of  men  in  Readiness  in  Case  of 
further  hostilities,  The  sd.  Bowyer  said  yt.  Colo.  Lewis  had 
no  orders  for  what  he  was  Doing  &  that  it  was  only  to  get 
his  Land  Surveyed  that  Colo.  Lewis  was  doing  it  out  of  his 
own  head,  that  the  men  would  get  no  pay  &  that  ye  would  be 
Cursed  Fools  for  going,  as  there  was  no  penalty  for  Refusing 
&  that  there  should  have  been  no  such  draught  made  in  his 
Company  had  he  been  at  whom.' 

This  deponent  further  saith  that  some  Time  afterwards  he 
was  at  the  House  of  the  sd.  Bowyer  again  &  in  Conversation 
Relating  to  some  orders  for  sending  out  men  in  Defence  of 
the  Fronteers  the  sd.  Boyer  further  said  that  he  had  seen  Colo. 
Lewis'  orders  &  that  he  had  no  such  orders  as  that,  &  that 
the  sd.  Bowyer  further  said  that  the  Governor  had  no  Right 
to  give  any  such  orders  without  the  Assembly  J  this  deponent 
further  saith  that  he  believes  the  sd.  Bowyer  urged  such  ar- 
guments with  many  others,  &  is  sensible  it  was  a  great  Hurt 
to  the  Raising  of  men  &  further  saith  not. 

Signed:   Adam  Wallace. 

At  Mr.  Adam  Wallace's  Request  taken  before  me  loth 
Sept.  1774,  at  ye  Levels  of  Greenbryer. 

John  Murray. 
(A  Copy) 

the  Revolutionary  conventions,  and  in  the  State  Legislature.  He  had 
evidently  gotten  into  trouble  by  throwing  obstacles  in  the  way  of 
raising  troops  during  "Dunmore's  War."  His  expression  of  opin- 
ion that  the  Governor  had  no  right  to  give  orders  for  raising  troops  ^ 
without  the  Assembly's  assent,  was  significant  of  the  feeling  of  the 
time. 


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VIRGINIA   LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  47 

; 
Freeholders  of  Louisa  Co.  to  Their  Representatives  In 
Convention. — In  Regard  to  Gaming. 

Louisa,  March  17th,  1775 

To  the  Gentlemen  the  Convention  appointed  to  meet  at  Rich- 
mond the  20th  March. 

Gentlemen, — We  the  Freeholders  of  this  County  having  deep- 
ly at  heart  the  common  cause  do  cheerfully  engage  to  undergoe 
any  hardships  or  self-denial  consequent  to  our  faithful  and 
steady  adherence  to  the  Continental  resolves :  we  hope  this  like- 
wise is  the  general  determination  of  our  Country,  but  as  there 
are  some  who  have  wantonly  violated  their  most  sacred  engage- 
ments (as  we  understand  it)  from  no  higher  temptation  than 
that  of  an  Idle  divertion  directly  contrary  to  the  Eighth  re- 
solve of  the  said  Continental  Congress ;  vindicating  their  con- 
duct by  an  insult  on  common  sense  (to  wit)  that  Gaming  for 
small  sums  is  not  Gaming,  they  at  once  open  the  Door  to  all 
that  Excess,  injustice,  fraud,  deception,  and  Idleness  that  al- 
most constantly  attend  that  pernicious  practice,  or  at  least 
set  evil  examples  that  we  think  ought  to  be  suppressed  in 
their  first  appearance  as  the  General  Congress  plainly  intend. 
We  desire,  therefore,  to  lay  this  matter  before  you.  Gentlemen, 
whose  business  it  is  (we  apprehend)  to  Superintend  in  some 
measure  the  conduct  of  Committees  as  well  as  individuals  of 
this  Province  or  be  that  as  it  may  your  Judgement  in  this 
affair  would  be  justly  regarded  had  the  Eighth  Resolve  been 
faithfully  adhered  to.  We  doubt  not  those  Idle  hankerers 
after  that  so  baleful  a  practice  would  by  this  time  have  been 
employing  their  time  and  Tallents  in  some  useful  way 

Chas.  Barret,  John  Watson, 

FredTc  Harris,  Richd.  Anderson, 

Wm.  Pettus,  Thos.  King, 

David  Terrel,  Will  Lewis, 

Grco.  Lumsden,  Humphrey  Parish, 

Micajah  Davis,  Chas.  Dickenson, 

Richd.  Phillips,  Geo.  Holland, 

Richd.  Bloxsom,  Peter  Shelton, 


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48  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Jno.  Ragland,  Sackville  King, 

Thos.  Johnson,  Junr.,  Robt.  Barret,  Jr., 

Joseph  Greyson,  Joseph  Holt, 

Ben.  Timberlake,  Geo.  Meriwether, 

Wm.  Johnson,  Thos.  B.  Smith, 

WilHam  Garnett,  Wm.  Meriwether, 

Anderson  Thomson,  Nicho.  Meriwether, 

William  Smith,  Wm.  Hodges, 

Jno.  Fox,  Joseph  Shelton, 

Thomas  Adams,  William  Shelton. 
Wm.  White, 


Deposition  of  Dr.  William  Pasteur."  In  Regard  to  thk 

Removal  of  Powder^  from  the  Williamsburg 

Magazine. 

1775- 

The  Depon.  of  Dr.  Wm.  Pasteur  being  first  duly  sworn  saith 

On  Friday  morning  the  22nd  of  April  last,  going  up  Town  I 

was  informed  by  Mr.  Richd.  Carleton  that  .the  Powder  was 

removed  from  the  Magazine  by  Capt.  Collins  with  a  body  of 

*Dr.  William  Pasteur,  of  Huguenot  descent,  was  a  prominent  phy- 
sician and  surgeon  of  Williamsburg.  He  married  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  President  William  Stith,  of  William  and  Mary  College. 

^The  removal  of  the  powder  from  the  magazine  at  Williamsburg 
by  Governor  Dunmore's  orders,  may  be  considered  the  beginning  of 
the  Revolution  in  Virginia.  For  an  account  of  this  affair  and  of  the 
consequent  excitement  in  Virginia,  see  Campbell's  History  of  Vir- 
ginia, 607-614;  the  Bland  Papers,  XXHI,  XXIV;  and  Henrys  Life 
of  Patrick  Henry,  I  276-291.  The  old  brick  magazine,  "The  Powder- 
horn,''  now  the  property  of  the  Association  for  the  Preservation  of 
Virginia  Antiquities,  still  remains  in  Williamsburg,  a  carefully  pre- 
served  memorial. 

The  Virgihia  Gazette  (Dixon  and  Hunter),  April  22,  1775,  con- 
tains the  address  of  the  Common  Hall  of  Williamsburg  to  the  Gov- 
ernor, and  his  reply;  that  of  the  29th  (supplement)  contains  "A  Se- 
rious Admonition  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Williamsburg,"  signed 
"Civis,"  evidently  by  Peyton  Randolph  or  some  one  of  the  more  con- 
servative party.  May  6th  has  an  account  of  the  removal  of  arms 
from  the  magazine  by  the  people.  On  May  13th  the  resolution  of  the 
Fredericksburg  meeting  and  of  the  Hanover  Committee  are  printed. 
All  refer  to  the  removal  of  the  powder. 


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VIRGINIA  LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  49 

Marines  before  day  that  morning  soon  after  which  I  was 
summoned  to  meet  the  Corporation  at  the  Hall;  going  there 
I  observed  a  great  commotion  among  the  Inhabitants  &  soon 
afterwards  there  were  many  of  them  under  arms  &  rendez- 
vou'd  at  the  Hall  with  many  others  unarmed.  The  Hall  then 
met,  and  there  were  present  most  of  the  inhabitants.  The 
Corporation  then  addressed  the  Govr.  to  return  the  powder 
to  ye  Magazine  &  rec'd  his  answer  published  in  the  Virginia 
Gazett;  this  they  mentioned  to  the  people  on  their  return  to 
the  Hall;  requested  them  to  be  peaceable  &  disperse  which 
they  accordingly  did.  That  during  this  Convention  I  saw  Capt. 
Foy,  Cap.  Montague  &  Cap.  Collins  pass  through  the  main 
street  unmolested;  I  saw  no  further  commotion  that  day; 
Next  morning  being  call'd  to  the  Pallace  to  visit  a  Patient  I 
accidently  met  with  his  Excellency  the  Governor  who  intro- 
duced a  conversation  relative  to  what  had  pass'd  the  day  be- 
fore &  seemed  exceedingly  exasperated  at  the  People's  having 
being  under  Arms  when  I  observed  to  his  Excellency  that 
this  was  "done  in  a  hurry  &  confusion,  &  that  most  of  them 
sccm'd  convinced  it  was  wrong,  his  Lordship  then  proceeded 
to  make  use  of  several  rash  expressions  &  said  that  tho'  he  did 
not  think  himself  in  danger,  yet  he  understood  some  injury 
or  insult  was  intended  to  be  offered  to  Capt.  Foy  &  Collins, 
which  he  should  consider  as  done  to  himself,  as  these  gentle- 
men acted  entirely  by  his  particular  directions,  &  then  swore 
by  the  living  God,  &  many  such  like  expressions  that  if  a 
grain  of  powder  was  burnt  at  Capt.  Foy  or  Capt.  Collins,  or 
that  if  any  injury  or  insult  was  offered  himself  or  either  of 
them,  he  would  declare  freedom  to  the  slaves  &  reduce  the 
City  of  Wmsburg  to  ashes.  He  then  mentioned  seting  up  the 
Royal  Standard  but  did  not  say  he  wou'd  actually  do  it,  but 

says  he  bclicv'd  if  he  did  he  should  have people  &  all  the 

Slaves  on  the  side  of  Government,  that  he  had  once  fought 
for  Virginians  and  that  by  God  he  wou'd  let  them  see  he 
cou'd  fight  agamst  them  &  declared  that  in  a  short  time  he 
could  depopulate  the  whole  Country.  This  he  desired  me  to 
communicate  to  the  Speaker  &  Gentlemen  of  the  Town  &  to 
do  it  immediately,  that  there  was  not  an  hour  to  spare,  adding 
that  if  Innes  &  George  Nicholas®  continued  to  go  at  large 

'James  Innes  and  George  Nicholas  must  have  been  especially  prom- 


4 


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50  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

what  he  had  say'd  wou'd  from  some  misconduct  of  theirs  be 
certainly  carr>''d  into  execution.  This  I  immediately  com- 
municated to  the  Speaker  &  several  other  Gentlemen  of  the 
Town,  and  it  soon  became  publicly  known  in  consequence  of 
which,  as  I  believe,  two  of  the  principle  Gentlemen  of  the 
City  sent  their  Wifes  and  Children  into  the  Country,  &  soon 
after  this  we  were  informed  by  an  express  from  Fredericksburg 
that  the  people  in  that  part  of  the  Country  were  in  motion 
towards  the  City;  and  next  morning  being  at  the  Pallace  to 
visit  a  patient  I  accidentlly  met  with  his  Excellency  again, 
who  declared  to  me  that  if  a  large  body  of  People  (a  place 
about  thirty  miles  from  town),  that  he  wou'd  immediately  en- 
large his  plan  and  carry  it  into  execution,  but  said  that  he 
should  not  regard  a  small  number  of  men,  adding  that  he  then 
had  two  Hundred  muskets  loaded  in  the  Pallace;  His  Ex- 
cellency more  than  once  did  say  he  should  not  carry  these  plans 
into  Execution  unless  he  was  attacked.  But,  This  Depont. 
further  saith  that  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge  at  the  time 
Lady  Dunmore  &  Family  removed  from  W'burg"  oh  board 
the  Fowey  man  of  War,  the  inhabitants  were  very  peaceful, 

Resolved,  That  his  Excellency's  menacing  Declarations,  and 
have  tended  greatly  to  irritate  the  minds  &  excite  Commotions 
Among  the  People. 

(to  be  continued) 


inent  in  their  denunciation  of  the  Governor's  conduct.  The  first  a 
son  of  Rev.  Robert  Innes,  A.  M.  (Aberdeen),  rector  of  Dr>'sdale 
Parish,  Caroline  county,  Va.,  was  a  man  of  ability  and  eloquence,  and 
of  impetuous  temper.  He  was  commissioned  Lieutenant-Colonel  15th 
Virginia  Regiment  in  1776,  and  saw  much  active  service  during  the 
war.  On  November  23,  1786,  he  was  elected  by  the  Legislature,  At- 
torney-General of  Virginia.  It  is  stated  that  Washington  offered 
him  the  position  of  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States.  He  died 
in  Philadelphia,  and  was  buried  there  August  3,  1798. 

George  Nicholas  was  son  of  Robert  Carter  Nicholas,  Treasurer  of 
Virginia,  and  died  in  Kentucky  in  1799.  He  was  appointed  Captain 
2d  Virginia  October  24,  1775,  and  rose  to  be  Lieutenant-Colonel  nth 
Virginia ;  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Virginia  Legislature  and 
Convention  of  1788.  In  1790  he  removed  to  Kentucky  and  was  largely 
instrumental   in   framing  the  Constitution  of  that   State. 


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THE  CORBIN   PAPERS.  51 

THE  CORBIN  PAPERS. 


[Through  the  kind  permission  of  the  late  Mrs.  S.  Wellford 
Corbin,  of  "Farley  V'ale,"  King  George  county,  Va.,  we  were 
permitted  to  make  .copies  of  a  number  of  old  documents  which 
have  been  preserved  by  the  family.  Richard  Corbin,  of  "Lane- 
ville,"  King  and  Queen  county,  was  the  last  royal  Receiver 
General  of  Virginia.] 

Commissary  William  Robinson.^ 
[Endorsed] 
King's  Warrant. 
William  Robinson,  iioo  Per  Annum  out  of  Virginia  Quit 
Rents  as  Commissary. 

Ent. 
Ent.  in  the  Office  of  the  Auditor  General  of  the  Plantations 
20th  November,  1765. 

Rbt.  Cholmondeley. 

Ent.  in  y^  Aud"  Office  in  Virginia,  Appil  11,  1766. 

John  Blair,  D.  Aud^ 
George  R. 

Whereas,  it  hath  been  humbly  represented  unto  Us  on  behalf 
of  William  Robinson,  Minister  of  the  Gospel,  now  residing  in 
Our  Colony  of  Virginia,  that  he  was  by  an  appointment  from 
Doctor  Sherlock,  formerly  Bishop  of  London,  bearing  date  the 
eighteenth  of  April,  1761,  constituted  Commissary  for  exer- 
cising Spiritual  and  Ecclesiastical  Jurisdiction  within  the  said 
Colony  in  the  room  of  Thomas  Dawson  then  lately  deceased, 
and  that  a  yearly  Salary  of  One  hundred  Pounds  had  been  al- 
lowed and  paid  out  of  the  Quit  Rents  in  the  said  Colony  as 

UVilliam  Robinson,  son  of  Christopher  Robinson,  of  "Hewick," 
Middlesex  county,  Va.,  matriculated  April  2.  1737,  at  the  age  of  twenty, 
at  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  and  received  his  B.  A.  degree  in  1740.  He 
states  in  a  paper,  which  has  been  printed,  that  after  taking  his  degree, 
he  was  chosen  to  one  of  "Dr.  Robinson,  Bishop  of  London's  exhibi- 
tions (who  was  my  great  uncle)."  He  was  ordained  in  1743,  and 
became  minister  of  Stratton-Major,  King  and  Queen  county,  in  1744, 
continuing  to  be  so  until  his  death  in  1767  or  1768.  See  Meade's  Old 
Churches  and  Families  of  Virginia,  I,  377-37^- 


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52  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

well  to  the  said  Thomas  Dawson  as  to  several  of  his  predeces- 
sors in  the  said  Office  in  respect  thereof,  And  We  have  been 
humbly  besought  to  allow  a  like  yearly  Salary  unto  the  said 
William  Robinson  during  his  continuance  in  the  said  Office 
whereunto  We  are  graciously  pleased  to  condescend  and  agree. 
Our  Will  and  Pleasure  therefore  is.  And  We  do  hereby  Direct, 
Authorize  and  Command  that  out  of  any  Monies  which  from 
time  to  time  shall  be  in  your  hands  of  Our  Revenue  of  Quit 
Rents  arising  in  Our  said  Colony  of  Virginia,  You  do  pay 
unto  the  said  William  Robinson  such  sums  of  Money  as  are 
already  due,  or  from  time  to  time  hereafter  quarterly  or  oth- 
erwise shall  become  due  unto  him  for  and  upon  the  yearly 
Salary  of  One  hundred  Pounds,  which  We  hereby  Give  and 
Grant  unto  him  in  respect  of  his  said  Office,  the  said  yearly 
Salary  to  commence  from  the  said  Eighteenth  day  of  April, 
1 761,  and  to  be  payable  and  paid  for  ar^d  during  such  time 
as  he  shall  continue  to  execute  the  said  Office  of  Commissary, 
Or  until  We  shall  signify  Our  Pleasure  to  the  contrary.  And 
this,  together  with  the  acquittance  or  Acquittances  of  the  said 
William  Robinson,  shall  be  as  well  to  you  for  making  such 
Payments  as  to  the  Auditor  General  for  allowing  thereof  upon 
your  Accounts  a  sufficient  Warrant.  Given  at  Our  Court  at 
Saint  James's  this  nth  day  of  NovV,  1765,  In  the  sixth  Year 
of  Our  Reign. 


Lord  Dunmore'  to  Richard  Corbin. 
[Endorsed] 
Lord  Dunmore  rec'd  SepV,  1775. 
[Addressed] 
To  Mr.  Robert  Prentis  at  W burg. 

Sir, 

Do  be  so  good  as  to  forward  the  inclosed  as  directed,  and 

you  will  much  oblige  Sir  yours, 

Dunmore. 
[Endorsement  on  Enclosure] 

Rec^d  7th  SepV.    R.  P. 

^On  June  2,  1775,  Lord  Dunmore  left  Williamsburg  and  took  refuge 
on  a  British  man-of-war.  Until  about  mid-summer,  1776,  he,  with  a 
fleet  under  his  command,  was  cruising  on  the  Virginia  coast,  and  en- 
gaged in  hostilities  with  the  Virginians. 


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THE  CORBIN   PAPERS.  5S 

[Addressed] 
To  the  Hon^^  Richard  Corbin,  EsqV,  at  Laneville. 
Off  Norfolk  On  board  the  William, 

7ber  5th,  1775. 
Dear  Sir, 

A  few  days  ago  I  received  yours  of  the  i6th  Ulto.  inform- 
ing me  that  notwithstanding  your  private  Business  required 
your  presence  at  Home,  yet  you  did  not  choose  to  go,  fearing 
it  might  not  be  agreeable  to  some  of  your  Countrymen  in 
their  present  moode  of  thinking,  but  that  you  had  requested 
your  friend  to  mention  your  situation  to  the  Convention  at 
Richmond,  &  that  you  find  it  is  agreeable  to  them  that  you 
should  go  home;  I  am  sure  if  that  is  the  Case,  and  you  are 
still  of  opinion  that  your  private  Business  requires  your  pres- 
ence, I  know  of  nothing  that  need  detain  you  a  single  moment 
here,  on  the  contrary  I  think  if  there  is  but  a  chance  that  your 
going  can  be  of  the  smallest  service  to  this  your  native  land, 
nothing  aught  to  prevent  you,  and  if  my  concurrence  is  neces- 
sary, you  have  it  with  all  my  heart,  and  from  my  Soul  wishing 
that  you  could  be  the  means  of  reconciling  these  very  unfor- 
tunate differences,  between  two  Countries  whose  mutual  ad- 
vantage it  is  to  be  firmly  united,  and  wishing  most  sincerely 
that  on  your  return  you  may  find  this  at  present  unhappy 
and  most  wretchedly  deluded  Country,  in  the  full  exercise  of 
its  late  happy  constitution  &  Government,  which  I  know  is 
your  sincere  wish,  &  must  be  of  every  real  well  wisher  to  His 
Country,  but  can  be  of  none  more  than  of  your 

Most  Ob*  &  very  H^^«  ServS 

DUNMORE. 

To  Col.  Corbin. 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


Communicated  by  Mr.  Lothrop  Withincton,  30  Little  Russell  street, 

W.  C,  London  (including  "Gleanings"  by  Mr.  H.  F.  Waters, 

not  before  printed.) 

(continued) 
Daniel  Lluellin  of  Chelmsford,  Essex,  planter.    Will  6 
February  1663  |  4 ;  proved  1 1  March  1663  |  4.     Lands,  tene- 


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^4  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ments,  hereditaments  in  Charles  county  in  upper  part  of  James 
River,  in  Virginia,  to  wife  Anne  for  life,  then  to  son  Daniel 
Llewellin.  Ditto  as  to  goods,  but  to  daughter  Martha  Jones  his 
sister  two  seasoned  servantes.  Also  to  son  Daniell  Lluellin  best 
suite,  cloake,  coate  and  hatt,  second  best  hatt  with  silver  hat- 
band, all  Linnen,  and  my  sayle  skinn  Trunck.  To  friend  Mary 
Elsing  of  Chelmsford,  spinster,  for  care,  one  of  best  white  ruggs 
and  my  new  peece  of  Dowlas,  saving  sufficient  for  a  winding 
sheet  to  bury  mee.  To  Mary  Deerington  of  Chelmsford,  widow 
one  of  worst  white  ruggs.  To  daughter  Margaret  Cruse  40s. 
for  ring  and  to  her  husband  ditto.  To  son  in  law  Robert  Hal- 
lom  ditto.  To  master  Chr.  Salter  living  in  Wine  Court  without 
Bishopgate  and  Anne  his  wife  ids.  each  for  gloves.  Goods 
sent  over  this  spring  and  summer  to  be  sold  for  debts  due. 
Rest  to  son  Daniel.  Executors:  Thomas  Vervell  of  Roxwell, 
Essex,  gent,  James  Jauncy  of  Cateaton  Streete,  London,  Mer- 
chant. Giles  Sussex  of  Thames  Street,  London,  Hottpresser, 
and  Master  William  Walker  of  Colchest:,  Essex,  Shopkeeper. 
To  be  buried  in  parish  church  of  Chelmsford  neare  the  Read- 
ing deske  and  friend  Doctor  John  Michelson  to  preach.  Wit- 
nesses:    Robert  Lloyd,  Tim  Code  senior,  scrivenor. 

Bruce,  31. 

[Daniel  Lluellin,  or  Llewellyn,  of  Chelmsford,  Essex,  England,  came 
to  Virginia  in  or  before  1642,  and  settled  near  Shirley,  in  Charles 
City  county.  On  August  7,  1642,  he  patented  856  acres,  bounded  by 
the  land  of  Mrs.  Heyman,  the  upper  branches  of  Turkey  Island 
Creek,  the  lands  of  Mr.  Aston  and  Joseph  Royall,  and  the  river. 
Robert  Hallome  was  a  head  right.  Later  he  received  several  other 
grants  in  the  same  neighborhood.  Daniel  Llewellyn  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  for  Charles  City,  a  captain  of  militia,  and  member  of 
the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Henrico  county  at  the  sessions  of  March, 
i642-*3,  and  October,  1644,  and  for  Charles  City  at  the  sessions  of 
October,  1646,  November,  1652,  March,  i654-'5,  March,  i655-'6,  and 
December,  1656.  He  married  Anne,  widow  of  Robert  Hallam,  or 
Hoi  lam. 

The  patent  of  1642  was  re-granted  in  1666  to  Daniel  Llewellin,  "son 
and  heir  of  the  aforesaid  Captain  Daniel  Llewellin."  The  son,  accord- 
ing to  the  records  of  Henrico  county,  was  born  in  1647,  and,  in  1677, 
calls  himself  the  "son-in-law"  of  Captain  John  Stith.  The  daughter, 
Margaret  Cruse,  may  have  been  the  wife  of  Captain  James  Crews,  of 
Hfenrico,   who  was  hung   for   his  participation   in   Bacon's  Rebellion, 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS  IN   ENGLAND.  55 

though  Crews  was  unmarried  at  the  time  of  his  death.  See  this  maga- 
zine, IV,  122-123. 

Robert  Hallam  was  living  at  the  Neck  of  Land  (in  the  upper  parts) 
in  February,  1623,  and  at  the  census  of  i624-'5  was  aged  twenty-three, 
and  is  stated  to  have  come  to  Virginia  in  the  Bonaventure  in  August, 
1620.  The  census  includes  him  as  one  of  the  servants  in  the  "muster** 
of  Luke  Boyse  at  Neck  of  Land,  Charles  City.  That  the  term  "ser- 
vant" did  not  always  mean,  as  used  in  this  census,  a  menial,  is  shown 
by  the  fact  that  on  June  7,  1636,  Robert  Hallam  had  a  grant  of  1,000 
acres  in  Henrico  adjoining  the  land  of  Edward  Osborne,  and  lying 
on  the  river  "right  over  against  a  creek  called  the  fallen  creek"  [Fall- 
ing Creek,  Chesterfield  county],  Hallam  had  a  re-grant  of  this  land 
on  November  i,  1637,  and  on  May  6,  1638,  there  was  granted  to  Anne 
Hollam,  widow,  and  to  the  heirs  of  Robert  Hollam,  deceased,  1,000 
acres  in  Henrico,  lying  on  the  river,  extending  towards  Bremo  and 
Turkey  Island,  and  adjoining  the  lands  of  Mr.  Richard  Cocke  and 
John  Price — the  said  tract  being  due  to  them  by  sale  from  Arthur 
Bayly,  merchant. 

In  the  William  and  Mary  Quarterly,  VIII,  237-245,  are  printed  a 
number  of  letters  (copied  from  an  old  Charles  City  record  book), 
dated  in  i655-'7f  and  addressed  to  Daniel  Llewellin,  the  elder,  by  va- 
rious relations  in  England. 

These  letters  show  the  Hallams  to  have  been  of  Essex,  England. 
One  of  the  correspondents  was  William  Hallam,  of  Burnham,  Essex, 
Salter,  a  brother  of  Robert  Hallam,  the  elder,  of  Virginia.  Another 
brother  was  Thomas  Hallam,  dead  in  1656,  who  had  a  son,  Thomas 
Hallam,  Salter,  of  London,  who  made  a  voyage  to  Virginia  in  1657. 
Margaret,  widow  of  Thomas  Hallam,  Sr.,  married  William  Mason, 
another  of  the  correspondents.  Robert  Hallam,  Jr.,  of  Virginia,  was 
living  with  the  Masons.  They  speak  highly  of  his  character  and 
appearance,  and  state  that  he  had  been  bound  to  one  Wood,  a  pros- 
perous tailor,  who  had  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Thomas  Hallam, 
deceased.  Samuel  Woodward,  of  Charles  City,  who  died  in  1680, 
married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Robert  Hallam,  and  had  a  son,  Samuel, 
who  was  living  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1705.  There  is  recorded  in  Henrico 
a  deed  dated  June,  1691,  from  John  Gundey,  of  Gloucester,  and  his 
wife,  Anne,  daughter  of  Mr.  Robert  Hallam,  conveying  to  Captain 
William  Randolph  a  tract  of  land  at  Turkey  Island.  Daniel  Llewellin's 
daughter,  Martha  Jones,  may  have  been  ancestress  of  the  family  in 
Amelia,  Prince  George,  &c.,  in  which  Llewellin  was  frequently  a 
Christian  name.]  .     .    !" 

John  Howett  of  Elixabeth  Cittie  in  Virginia  in  parts  beyond 
the  seas,  Planter,  bound  on  a  voyage  to  Virginia.  Will  6  Sep- 
tember 1654;  proved  28  July  1659.  To  wife  Elizabeth  Howett 
if  living  and  vnmarried  contrary  to  now  report  from  Virginia 


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66  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

one  third  of  my  estate  of  Tobacco  etc.  To  brother  and  all  kin- 
dred IS  each.  Rest  to- friend  Mr.  Thomas  Howett,  Citizen  and 
cooper  of  London,  executor.  Witnesses :  Robert  Earle,  scriv- 
enor,  Prior  Henrv  Fancin. 

Pell,  425. 

William  Thomas.  Will  2  January  1655  |  6;  proved  19  Oc- 
tober 1660.  To  wife  Judith  Thomas  three  parts  of  estate,  but 
if  she  deparf  her  lile,  which  God  forbid,  to  her  sister  Francis 
Henshaw  the  third,  and  another  third  to  Thomas  Jones  here  in 
Virginia,  and  last  third  to  Sarah  Jones  late  wife  of  Richard 
Jones ;  and  to  said  Sarah  the  fourth  part  given  to  wife,  but  if 
Sarah  depart  life  while  she  stayeth  in  Virginia  or  in  twelve 
months,  then  her  fourth  part  to  Thomas  Bigge,  etc.  To  god- 
child Mr.  Garrett  Farrellchild  two  cowes  and  three  sowes.  To 
Thomas  Bigge  one  Cowe  and  Suite  of  Broadcloth.  Thomas 
Jones  to  dispose  of  estate  till  order  from  Proprietors  and  send 
home  good  Tobacco  this  year.  Executrix:  my  wife.  Over- 
seers: the  Court.  Estate  to  be  sold  at  Cry.  Witnesses:  Ben 
Sidway,  John  Richards. 

Nabbs,  195. 

[Benjamin  Sidway,  of  Surry  county,  married  Mary,  widow  of  Ben- 
jamin Harrison,  first  of  the  name.  By  order  of  court,  Capt.  Benja- 
min Sidway  sold  on  January  16,  1652,  a  tract  of  land  belonging  to 
Peter,  "orphan  of  Benjamin  Harrison."  Captain  Sidway  was  appointed 
a  justice  of  Surry  in  1652.  The  will  of  Mrs.  Mary  Sidway  was  dated 
March  i,  i686-'7,  and  proved  May  29,  1688.  Her  principal  legatees 
were  her  sons,  Benjamin  Harrison  and  Thomas  Sidway.  Thos.  Sid- 
way, by  his  will,  proved  December  3,  1695,  left  most  of  his  estate  to 
his  wife,  Jean.     He  apparently  had  no  children.] 

Richard  Kempe  of  Kich-neck  [Rich-Neck]  in  Colonie  of 

Virginia,  Esquire. 

Berkeley,  455. 

[Richard  Kemp,  Secretary  of  State  of  Virginia.  He  seems  to  have 
been  a  brother  of  Sir  Robert  Kemp,  of  Gissing,  Bart.] 

[Printed  in  full  in  Va.  His.  Magazine,  II,  I74-I75-  The 
official  copying  clerks  at  Somerset  House  work  as  mere  ma- 
chines and  have  a  most  annoying  way  of  omitting  the  proper 
references  to  the  verbatim  wills  which  they  copy  from  the 


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VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS   IN  ENGLAND.  57 

old  registers,  for  which  venerable  records  they  have  not  the 
least  reverence,  covering  them  with  their  own  scrawls  to  mark 
oflF  their  hack  jobs.  Worse  than  this,  lately  several  precious 
old  illuminations  in  the  manuscript  have  been  slashed  out  of 
the  fine  old  Elizabethan  register,  Langley,  of  the  Prerogative 
Court  of  Canterbury. — L.  W.] 

John  Bly.  Will  3  January  1662  |  3;  proved  16  May  1664. 
Release  £40  I  was  to  have  at  my  mother's  death.  Release  £80 
and  £50  in  hands  of  Master  Richard  Booth,  Merchant,  to  be 
shared  as  by  order  left  in  hands  of  brother  Giles  Bly.  Release 
brother  William  of  £20.  Desire  £3  to  be  paid  for  silk  rugge 
I  received  from  Richard  West  of  money  in  hands  of  Brother 
Giles,  and  release  him  the  rest.  To  wife  produce  of  50  Hogs- 
head of  Tobacco  shipped  home  for  England  in  the  Fredericks 
as  also  shipped  upon  said  joynt  Cargoe.  Desire  shipped 
this  present  year  for  England,  if  Tobacco  may  be  pro- 
cured, 220  Hogshead,  and  my  Third  conveyed  to  wife  in  such 
goods  she  shall  desire.  To  wife  Goods  and  Household  stuff  I 
brought  over  this  yeare  to  furnish  my  house  and  desire  her 
father  to  make  satisfaction  to  her  of  £120  for  goods  I  bought 
for  her  this  yeare  in  England.  To  wife  all  Rings  and  Watches, 
Deskes,  and  Trunckes  and  Chests,  only  one  large  chest  to  Mas- 
ter William  Bough  Junior,  and  one  middle  sized  ditto  to  brother 
George  Hunt,  and  in  case  he  desires  to  returne  to  England,  at 
his  returne  to  be  paid  by  wife  the  produce  of  10  hogshead  of 
Tobacco.  Produce  of  60  Hogsheads,  whereof  40  are  to  shipp 
home  this  yeare  by  the  Frederick,  to  be  divided  to  my  Mother, 
Brothers,  and  Sisters,  and  other  20  when  they  arrive  in  Eng- 
land. Goods  amounting  to  £26  left  last  yeare  in  hands  of  father 
in  law  Abraham  Wood,  Esquire,  besides  other  things,  to  be  re- 
turned to  wife  if  she  desires.  To  Master  Christopher  Branch, 
senior,  for  writing  my  will  one  good  Hogshead  of  Tobacco. 
To  Christopher  Branch,  junior,  for  care  in  sickness  ditto  in 
such  goods  as  he  like  of  this  yeare.  To  wife  all  Tobacco  re- 
ceived by  bills  and  bonds.  Executrix:  wife  Mary  Bly,  to  be 
advised  by  her  father.  Executor  in  England:  brother  Giles 
Bly,  to  be  advised  by  Richard  Booth,  merchant.  Witnesses: 
Thomas  Branch,  John  Gardner.     Proved  23  March  1662  |  3 


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58  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

before  the  Governor  and  councill.  Test :  Fra :  Kirkham,  copia 
vera  F.  K.,  Gierke  to  Hon^  Governor  and  councill  of  Virga. 
Hen.  Randolph,  Not.  Pub.  Proved  by  Giles  Bly  as  to  goods 
in  England.  Bruce,  46. 

[A  John  Blyth  received  a  grant  from  the  Virginia  Company  in  1623. 

William  Baugh,  Sr.,  was  justice  of  Henrico  1656,  1669,  &c.  He 
was  born  not  later  than  161 2,  and  died  in  1687,  when  his  will  was 
proved  in  Henrico.  He  has  many  descendants.  His  son,  William 
Baugh,  Jr.,  died  before  him.  See  this  magazine  VII,  424,  for  a  note 
on  Baugh.  In  addition  to  the  grants  there  mentioned,  the  following 
should  be  included  (i)  Assignment,  June  13,  1636,  of  a  patent  to 
John  Baugh,  of  Varina,  planter:  (2)  John  Baugh,  gent.,  250  acres  on 
Appomattock  river,  adjoining  the  land  lately  belonging  to  Mr.  Abra- 
ham Pearcey,  May  11,  1638;  (3)  John  Baugh,  gent.,  of  100  acres  in 
Bermodo  Hundred,  in  Henrico  county,  80  acres,  part  thereof,  bounded 
on  the  north  by  the  land  lately  belonging  to  John  Arundel,  S.  E.  by 
the  Bay  of  Appomattock,  W.  S.  W.  by  Powell's  Creek  and  N.  E.  by 
Conecock  Path ;  4  acres  bounded  on  the  N.  N.  E.  by  James  River, 
E.  S.  E.  by  the  land  of  James  Usher,  S.  S.  E.  by  the  land  of  Michaell 
Maysters,  W.  N.  W.  by  the  land  of  William  Sharp;  16  acres  lying 
in  Bermodo  Hundred  Neck,  bounded  on  the  south  by  the  land  of 
Joseph  Royall,  N.  N.  E.  by  the  swamp,  and  N.  W.  by  the  land  of 
Michaell  Maysters,  July  24,  1645;  re-grant  August  6,  1650;  (4)  Col. 
Robert  Pitt,  and  Mr.  William  Baugh,  1,800  acres  in  Isle  of  Wight 
on  a  branch  of  Blackwater  Swamp,  February  18,  1664;  (5)  Col.  Robert 
Pitt,  Captain  Joseph  Bridger,  and  Mr.  William  Baugh,  3,000  acres 
in  Isle  of  Wight,  including  1,200  acres  of  the  land  formerly  granted 
to  Pitt  and  Baugh,  March  21,  1664. 

Abraham  Wood,  member  of  the  Council  and  Major-General  of 
Militia.     See  this  magazine.  III,  252. 

The  Branches  were  descendants  of  Christopher  Branch,  of  Kings- 
land,"  Henrico,  Burgess  1639.  For  a  notice  of  a  part  of  this  very  nu- 
merous family  see  the  Richmond  Critic. 

Francis  Kirkman  was  long  Clerk  of  the  Council.  It  may  be  men- 
tioned, by  the  way,  that  the  editors  of  the  first  volume  of  the  Calendar 
of  Virginia  State  Papers  read  his  signature  "Fra."  as  "Ira." 

Henry  Randolph,  a  half  brother  of  the  poet,  Thomas  Randolph, 
came  to  Virginia  in  1642,  and  was  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Burgesses 
from  1660  to  his  death  in  1673.  He  was  uncle  of  William  Randolph, 
of  "Turkey  Island."  See  this  magazine,  III,  261 ;  XI,  58,  and  IVilliam 
and  Mary  Quarterly,  October,  1895.  In  March,  1661-2,  the  Assembly 
appointed  Henry  Randolph  notary  public  for  the  colony  (Hening,  II, 
136),  and  he  is  stated  to  have  held  the  office  until  his  death.  He  was 
succeeded  by  Thomas  Ludwell,  and  he  in  turn  by  Robert  Beverley 
(Hening,  II,  456,  457).] 


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VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  59 

Robert  Bristow  of  the  parish  of  Gabriel  Fenchurch,  Lon- 
don, Merchant.  Will  20  September  1700;  proved  29  Novem- 
ber 1707.  To  be  interred  in  the  family  burying  ground  in  Tab- 
ernacle Alley  belonging  to  the  parish  of  Gabriell  Fenchurch  or 
in  burying  ground  in  or  near  Bunhill  Feilds:  To  poore  of 
Brinstead,  County  Southampton,  where  I  was  born,  iio;  to 
poore  of  Micheldever  in  said  county  £5.  Executors  to  pay  to 
loving  wife  in  case  she  survive  and  not  otherwise  £4000  as  by 
marriage  agreement  as  in  recognizance  in  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  at  Westminster  24  November  1680  in  lieu  of  her  third 
as  a  Freeman's  Widow  of  London ;  also  to  wife  a  necklace  of 
pearls,  diamond  ring,  and  gold  watch  presented  her  before 
marriage.  To  my  daughter-in-law  Catherine  Bristow,  widow 
of  my  dear  son  Robert  Bristow  lately  deceased,  iiooo  in 
trust  for  my  granddaughter  Avarilla  Madgwick,  wife  of  Wil- 
liam Madgwick  of  London,  Merchant,  or  to  Avarilla's  chil- 
dren if  she  die,  and  said  Avarilla  to  release  personal  estate  for 
pretence  to  custom  of  London,  etc.  To  my  granddaughter 
Katherine  Baily  £500  at  21,  and  in  case  of  her  father  Arthur 
Baily  EsqV  pay  to  said  Avarilla  Madgwick  £500  and  discharge 
her  real  estate  of  £500  part  of  £1000  payable  in  right  of  her 
mother  his  late  wife,  then  to  said  Katherine  Baily  £500  more, 
she  to  release  as  other  granddaughter  is  directed  to.  To  Wil- 
liam Blanchard  and  John  Blanchard,  sons  of  my  sister  Jane 
Blanchard,  £20  each.  Release  to  John  Stevens  son  of  sister 
Alice  Alice  [sic]  Stephens  two  bonds  of  £95.  To  Ann  Blanch- 
ard, Widow,  relict  of  nephew  Thomas  Blanchard,  £20.  To 
my  six  granddaughters  the  daughters  of  my  said  son  Robert 
Bristow  deceased,  viz:  Katherine,  Avarilla,  Elizabeth,  Anne, 
Frances,  and  Rebecca  Bristow  £1000  each  at  21,  etc.  To 
granddaughter  Katherine  Bristow  £100  more  at  21  or  mar- 
riage. To  grandson  William  Bristow  all  my  land  in  the  par- 
ish of  St.  Mary  Overeys  in  the  Burrough  of  Southwark  pur- 
chased of  Mr.  John  Lorain,  being  the  Talbott  Inn  and  other 
houses  leased  at  £240  per  annum,  and  in  default  of  issue  of 
said  William  Bristow  to  my  grandson  John  Bristow,  then  to 
my  grandson  Robert  Bristow.  To  grandson  John  Bristow, 
youngest  son  of  said  son  Robert  Bristow,  lands  at  Brittlewcll 
in  Hundred  of  Rocheford,  Essex,  lately  purchased  of  Thomas 


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60  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Werg,  EsqV,  being  the  Moiety  of  Mannor  of  Earls  Hall  and 
Lordshipp  of  Brittlewell  and  Farm  lett  to  William  Ferrys,  and 
Rectory  lett  to  Thomas  Short,  all  of  ii8o  per  annum,  other 
Moiety  whereof  belongs  to  Mr.  John  Chambers,  and  also 
1 20  acres  in  parish  of  East  Wood  Bury,  Hundred  of  Roche- 
ford,  of  annual  value  of  £30,  in  default  of  issue  of  John,  to 
grandsons  William  and  Robert.  To  my  grandson  Robert 
lands  and  all  money  and  debts  owing  to  me  in  Virginia,  in  de- 
fault of  issue  the  same  to  my  grandson  William  Bristow,  in 
default,  to  my  grandson  John  Bristow.  To  my  daughter-in- 
law  Katherine  Bristow,  the  said  William  Madgwick,  and  Ben- 
jamin Woolley  of  Mortlack  Gent  all  the  lands  in  the  hundred 
of  Rocheford,  Essex,  which  I  purchased  of  the  Right  Hon- 
oble  Daniel  Earle  of  Nottingham,  in  trust  for  my  grandson 
Robert  Bristow  with  remainder  as  aforesaid.  My  daughter- 
in-law  Katherine  Bristow  to  be  executrix  until  she  marry  or 
the  said  Robert,  William,  and  John  Bristow  are  21,  then  they 
to  be  executors  with  granddaughter  Katherine  Bristow.  Resi- 
due of  estate  other  than  in  Virginia  to  6  granddaughters  chil- 
dren of  son  Robert  Bristow.  If  any  except  Robert  claim  un- 
der custom  of  London,  legacies  to  be  void.  If  Robert  claim, 
said  claim  to  be  charged  out  of  his  legacy.  To  my  wife  and 
daughter-in-law  i20  each  for  mourning.  To  my  said  son-in- 
law  Arthur  Baily  and  said  William  Madgwick  iio  ditto.  To 
each  of  my  servants  £5  ditto.  Codicil,  3  April,  1707.  Whereas 
I  have  bought  the  Mannor  of  Havering  in  Parish  of  Home- 
church,  Essex,  and  several  Farms  in  Essex  from  John  Woolley. 
merchant,  to  my  daughter-in-law  Katherine  Bristow  and  Law- 
rence Hatsell  of  London,  Scrivener,  in  trust  for  the  nine  chil- 
dren of  my  said  daughter-in-law,  the  same,  to  be  sold  and  the 
money  to  be  equally  divided  among  the  said  nine  children  of 
my  said  daughter  Bristow  by  Mr.  Robert  Bristow,  my  son. 
her  Husband,  deceased.  Witnesses  to  both  will  and  codicil. 
Edward  Northey,  William  Lang,  Ja:  Gibbon.  Proved  21 
March  1743] 4  by  John  Bristow,  Esquire,  one  of  the  grand- 
sons and  surviving  executors,  reserving  to  other  surviving 
executors  William  Bristow  and  Katherine  Bristow,  grant  to 
Katherine  Bristow  Widow  expiring  by  reason  of  said  John 
Bristow  attaining  age  of  21.  Poley,  275. 


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VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  61 

[In  Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  edition  of  1847,  is  a  pedigree  of  the 
family  to  which  the  testator  belonged.  It  states  that  Robert  Bristow. 
Esq.,  second  son  of  Robert  Bristow,  Esq.,  of  Ayot,  St.  Lawrence, 
Hertfordshire,  was  born  in  1643,  and  settled  in  Virginia,  about  1660 
(as  stated  in  Byshes  Visitation  of  Herts.,  1669).  In  Virginia  he  pur- 
chased in  1663,  and  following  years,  various  estates  in  the  counties 
of  Lancaster,  Gloucester  and  Prince  William  (which  was  then  Staf- 
ford). He  married  in  Virginia,  Avarilla,  daughter  of  Major  Curtis. 
Returning  to  England  about  1680,  he  became  a  merchant  in  London, 
and  acquired  a  considerable  fortune,  and  purchased  estates  in  Lon- 
don and  elsewhere.  His  only  son,  Robert  Bristow,  Esq.,  associated 
with  him  in  business,  was  also  very  successful,  and  bought  property 
in  Sussex  and  Essex.  He  was  M.  P.  for  Winchelsea  in  the  Parlia- 
ments of  1698  and  170a.  The  family  seems  to  have  been  one  of  con- 
siderable wealth  and  social  standing. 

This  account  is  borne  out  by  our  records.  Robert  Bristow  received 
the  following  grants:  (i)  One  thousand  acres  on  Fleet's  Bay,  Lan- 
caster county,  formerly  granted  to  Humphrey  Tabb  by  patent,  March 
22,  1654,  and  by  Thomas  Tabb,  son  and  heir  of  the  said  Humphrey, 
assigned  to  Philip  Mallory,  and  by  said  Mallory  assigned  to  Bristow 
and  Edmund  Welsh,  who  sold  his  share  to  Bristow,  September  29, 
1663;  (2)  398  acres  in  Gloucester,  on  North  River,  in  Mockjack  Bay, 
and  adjoining  the  lands  of  Harris,  Thomas  Morris,  Major  Curtis,  and 
Mr.  Richard  Young — 288  acres,  part  thereof  was  formerly  granted 
to  Mrs.  Avarilla  Curtis  April  4,  1661  (being  part  of  a  grant  of  410 
acres),  and  by  the  said  Avarilla  assigned  to  "the  said  Mr.  Bristow's 
husband''  (evidently  "Mr.  Bristow,  her  husband,"  is  meant) ;  Octo- 
ber 2$,  1665;  (3)  184  acres  in  Gloucester,  on  Ware  River,  adjoining 
his  own  land  and  that  of  Harris,  May  7,  1666.  After  his  return  to 
England  he  became  a  partner  with  Brent  and  others,  about  1689  in  the 
purchase  of  30,000  acres  in  Stafford,  now  in  Prince  William,  called 
Brent  Town  or  Brenton.  Bristow  Station,  well  known  during  the 
Civil  War,  doubtless  derives  its  name  from  the  Bristow  estate  in 
Prince  William,  which  remained  in  the  possession  of  the  family  until 
the  Revolution,  when  it  was  confiscated. 

Robert  Bristow  evidently  returned  to  England  about  1677.  In  the 
report  of  the  Bacon's  Rebellion  Commissioners  on  the  sufferers  in 
that  insurrection,  made  October  15,  1677,  they  say:  "Major  Robert 
Bristow,  a  Gentleman  of  a  good  estate  and  an'  Eminent  sufferer  in 
his  stock,  Provision,  Armes,  Ammunition,  Mr'chts  (k>ods  &  consid- 
erable Quantitys  01  Strong  Liquors,  as  also  in  his  person  by  being 
kept  a  prisoner  until  Bacon's  death  and  after,  he  hath  had  a  general 
knowledge  of  most  passages  relating  to  the  late  unhappy  Troubles, 
and  is  able  not  only  to  justify  most  Particulars  of  our  Narrative,  But 
also  is  a  person  very  fitt  &  necessary  to  be  examined  to  divers  par- 
ticulars in  the  generall  &  personall  Grievances.  Being  a  man  of  good 
understanding  in  the  Virginia  affaires  and  one  of  Integrity  and  mod- 


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62  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

eracion,  soe  that  wee  could  wish  hee  might  bee  sent  where  there  shall 
bee  occasion  &  use  of  him  in  any  of  the  aforesaid  affaires  being  now 
an  Inhabitant  in  Tower  Street,  London,  Agt.  Barking  Church." 

Robert  Bristow  married  Avarilla,  daughter  of  Major  Thomas  Curtis, 
of  Gloucester,  and  Avarilla,  his  wife.  They  also  had  a  daughter, 
Sarah  Curtis,  born  in  Ware  Parish,  Gloucester,  August  i6,  1657, 
who  married,  first,  William  Halfhide,  and  secondly,  Richard  Perrott, 
of  Middlesex  county.] 

Francis  Hough  of  St.  Peters  the  Poor,  London,  merchant. 
Will  (nuncupative)  25  July  1648;  proved  27  July  1648.  Eld- 
est son  William  to  be  sent  over  to  Virginia.  To  mother  Mrs. 
Christian  Stockwood  £150,  and  sister  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Stock- 
wood  £50.  To  children  William,  John,  Jane,  and  Anne  Hough, 
all  Tobaccos,  money,  goods,  etc.  in  England,  Virginia,  or  else- 
where. Estate  of  Tobacco  due  in  Virginia  to  be  received  by 
friend  Mr.  Richard  Preston.  Profits  of  severall  plantations 
in  Virginia  to  be  divided  to  four  children  till  eldest  son  Wil- 
liam is  21  and  fit  to  manage  same,  then  plantations  to  two  sons 
William  and  John.  Eldest  son  William  Hough  to  be  edu- 
cated, bred  up,  and  made  fitt  to  be  sent  over  to  Virginia  to 
manage  those  plantations  for  best  use  of  himself  and  his 
brother  John  Hough,  and  younger  son  John  Hough  to  be  like- 
wise educated  in  England  for  managing  such  affairs  as  shall 
be  transported  from  eldest  son  out  of  Virginia  to  said  young- 
est son  in  England.  Witnesses':  Thomas  Billiard,  gent, 
Thomas  Potter,  Grocer,  Ann  Hill,  and  others.  Administra- 
tion to  Anne  Cooke,  grandmother  of  William,  John,  Jane,  and 
Ann  Hough,  children  of  Francis  Hough  deceased,  during  mi- 
nority. Administration  6  September  1667  to  John  Hough, 
Jane  Hough  als  Andrewes,  and  Anne  Ferrick  als  Hough,  chil- 
dren of  deceased,  former  grant  to  Anne  Cooke  having  expired. 

Essex,  117. 

[Francis  Hough,  or  Huff,  as  it  was  sometimes  spelt  phonetically, 
came  to  Virginia  in  the  Sivan  in  1620,  and  at  the  census  of  i624-'5, 
when  he  was  twenty  years  old,  was  living  at  Elizabeth  City.  He 
assigned  a  patent  for  50  acres  in  Elizabeth  City  in  1632.  On  Janu- 
ary 3,  1633,  he  conveyed  to  Henry  Coleman,  of  Elizabeth  City,  60 
acres  there,  formerly  granted  to  Christopher  Windmill,  deceased,  and 
due  Hough  as  marrying  his  widow.     On  November  12,  1635,  lie  pat- 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  63 

ented  800  acres  at  the  first  creek  on  the  south  side  of  Nansemond 
River,  and  extending  to  the  mouth  of  the  river.  December  26,  1636, 
he  made  a  bill  of  sale  for  rights  for  300  acres  to  Humphrey  Swan. 
On  May  17,  1637,  he  obtained  tour  patents,  aggregating  1,500  acres, 
in  Nansemond  or  Upper  New  Norfolk  (see  this  magazine,  VI,  i8p). 
He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Nutmeg  Quarter 
February,  i632-'3,  and  in  October,  1645,  during  the  Indian  War,  was  a 
member  of  the  "Council  of  War**  for  the  "Associated  Counties"  of 
Isle  of  Wight  and  Upper  and  Lower  Norfolk.  There  is  an  entry  in 
the  Lower  Norfolk  records,  March  4,  i647-'8,  of  certain  bills,  &c., 
delivered  to  Mr.  Francis  Hough  "by  God's  p'vidence  bound  for  Eng- 
land."] 

Francis  Rockett,  late  of  Parish  of  Goochland,  county  of 
Henrico,  province  of  Virginia,  now  of  St.  John  Wapping,  Lon- 
don. Will  6  June  1748;  proved  21  April  1749.  To  William 
Fettiplace  of  St.  John  aforesaid,  victualler,  executor,  my  tract 
of  land  in  Goochland  adjoining  to  Inskatt  Creek,  county  Hen- 
rico, Virginia,  in  America,  with  all  Houses,  Furniture,  Wood 
Undressed.    Witnesses:     Frans  Seede,  Will:  Skeets. 

Lisle,  120. 

[From  this  family,  "Rocketts,"  the  port  of  Richmond,  derives  its 
name.] 

Philip  Chesley,  county  York,  Virginia.  Will  18  De- 
cember 1674:  proved  10  May  1675.  To  brother  Mr.  Dan- 
iel Wilde  I2S  for  mourning  ring.  Ditto  to  sister  Margaret 
Wilde,  brother  Alexander  Walker,  sister  Walker,  cozen  Fran- 
cis Mitton,  Fitz  William  Lawrence,  Robert  Bee,  and  Eliza- 
beth Bee.  To  Esquire  Ballard  my  scale  ringe.  To  Daniel 
Parke  Esq.  one  mourning  ring  of  20s.  To  cozen  Hugh  Har- 
dy one  hogshead  of  Tobacco.  To  Mr.  William  Dingley,  cozen 
Mathew  White,  Mr.  Jno.  Wilde,  cozen  Henry  Wilde,  cozen 
John  Hardy,  cozen  Edward  Highings,  cozen  John  Highings. 
and  to  every  person  whose  surname  is  Chesley  Inhabiting  in 
Welford  in  Gloucestershire,  each  one  hogshead  of  Tobacco 
year  after  demise.  To  two  persons  whose  surname  is  Aple- 
white  livin<r  in  \'pham  in  Gloucestershire  ditto  each.  To 
poore  of  Welford  £10.  To  wife  Margaret  Chesley  all  person- 
al estate.     To  nephew  Philip  Chesley  Plantation  in  Xew  Kent 


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64  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

County  with  servants,  cattle,  and  household  goods.  To 
nephew  William  Chesley  ditto  at  Queenes  Creek.  Nephews 
Philipp  and  William  to  be  sent  for  vp  to  London  apd  put  to 
Schoole  to  learne  to  write  and  cast  up  Accompts.  Four  years 
and  after  sent  over  to  Virginia  to  be  disposed  at  discretion 
of  executrix  during  her  life.  Cozen  Richard  Turner  to  be 
sent  home  for  London,  his  passage  paid  and  a  suite  of  Ap- 
parell  given  him  att  London  and  20s.  to  beare  expenses  into 
Gloucestershire.  My  negro  Joseph  to  serve  eleven  years  and 
noe  longer.  Executrix  wife  Margaret  Chesley.  Witnesses: 
Daniel  Parke,  Fitz  William  Laurence,  Anthony  Hatch. 

Dycer,  44. 


[Captain  Philip  Chesley,  of  Queen's  Creek,  York  county,  who  prob- 
ably emigrated  from  Welford,  Gloucestershire,  was  a  church  warden 
of  Bruton  Parish  in  1674.  His  will  is  of  record  in  York  county.  He 
obtained  the  following  grants:  (i)  Four  hundred  acres  on  the  east 
side  of  Chickahominy  River,  in  James  City  county,  adjoining  the 
lands  of  Mr.  Robert  Holt,  Mr.  Felgate  and  James  Crockett,  on  Little 
Neck  Creek,  June  7,  1650;  (2)  Robert  Wild  and  Philip  Chesley,  100 
acres  in  York  count>-,  in  Hampton  Parish,  beginning  at  the  Mill 
Swamp,  at  the  head  of  Queen's  Creek,  October  11,  1653;  (3)  Philip 
Chesley  and  Nicholas  Meriwether,  1,000  acres  on  the  northeast  side 
of  Skiminoe  Swamp,  adjoining  the  land  of  Wild  and  Chesley  and  the 
Rickahock  Path,  June  7,  1655;  (4)  Philip  Chesley  and  Daniel  Wilde 
750  acres  in  York,  on  the  southwest  side  of  York  River,  and  on 
Skiminoe  Swamp,  adjoining  Rickahock  Path,  June  10,  1654. 

In  1610  Lord  Delaware  appointed  Mr.  Robert  Wild  a  clerk  of  the 
store  at  Jamestown.  His  property  was  appraised  in  York  county,  No- 
vember 24,  1647.  In  1655  Robert  and  Daniel  Wild  were  living  in  York 
county,  and  the  former  died  before  1662,  leaving  land  in  York  county 
to  the  other.  Daniel  Wild  was  sworn  J.  P.  April  24,  1660,  and  married 
Margaret  (died  February  12,  1675),  widow  of  William  Stephens, 
cooper,  and  had  an  only  child,  Margaret,  who  married  Captain  John 
Martin,  of  Stepney,  mariner.  Philip  Chesley  married  Daniel  Wild's 
sister,  Margaret  (IVilliam  and  Mary  Quarterly,  IV,  4). 

Thomas  Ballard  and  Daniel  Parke  were  members  of  the  Council.] 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  66 

THE    VESTRY    BOOK    OF    KING    WILLIAM 
PARISH,  VA.,  1707-1750. 

(continued) 

This  day,  September  i,  1731,  Jean  Levilain*  took  the  oatli 
of  vestryman  in  the  usual  manner  in  the  presence  of  the  ves- 
try named  below:  Gille  Alaigre,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre 
Louys  Soblet,  Antoine  Rapine,  Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Andre 
Amonet,  Guillaume  Salle,  Pierre  Faure. 

September  i,  1731.  The  same  day  Mes.  Antoine  Rapine 
(and)  Abraham  Salle  conjointly  rendered  their  account  for 
the  year  1729.  There  is  due  to  Mr.  Rapine  fourteen  bushels 
and  one-half  of  wheat. 

The  same  day  the  accounts  of  Mr.  Rapine  and  of  Isaac 
Salle  for  the  year  1730  were  examined  in  full  vestry.  There 
is  shown  to  be  owing  forty-five  bushels  of  wheat  and  sixty- 
seven  bushels  of  maize. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  Sr.  Antoine  Rapine  paid  to  the  carpenter,  Francois 
James,  the  sum  of  nine  thousand  nine  hundred  and  forty-seven 
pounds   of  tobacco,  in  part  payment  for  the  church. 

Mr.  Marye  received  seventy- four  bushels  of  wheat  and 
eighty-five  bushels  of  maize  on  the  amount  due  him,  which 
amounts  to  seventeen  pounds,  seventeen  shillings,  threepence. 
There  is  (now)  due  him  fifteen  pounds,  nine  shillings,  nine- 
pence. 

Jean  Chastain. 

This  day  the  levy  for  the  parish  of  King  William  for  the 
present  year,  1731,  was  made,  at  forty  pounds  of  tobacco  and 
a  bushel  of  wheat  and  a  bushel  of  maize  per  head.     Present, 

the  vestry  named  above. 

Jean  Chastain. 

This  day  the  Sr.  Guillieaume  Salle  took  the  oath  of  church 
warden  in  the  presence  of  the  vestry  above  named. 

Jean  Chastain. 

*Not  the  same  one  whbse  resignation  was  accepted  by  the  vestry 

on  August  19,  above.     There  were  two  Jean  Levilains  in  the  parish, 

probably  father   and   son,  as  their   names   are  usually  bracketed   to- 
gether in  the  tax-lists. 


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66  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

January  i,  1731I2.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Es- 
tiene  Chastain,  Gile  Alaigre,  Antoine  Rapine,  Jean  Dupre, 
Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Guilleaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonet,  Jean  Levi- 
lain,  Jean  Pierre  Bonduran  and  Estiene  Malet  were  appointed 
to  procession^  the  land  above  the  creek  of  Mr.  Joni;  Jean 
Pierre  Billiebo,  Nicolas  Soulie  between  the  two  creeks;  Jean 
Bernard,  Jacob  Trabue  the  other  side  of  the  creek  below. 

November  22,  1731.  Antoine  Rapine  paid  to  Mr.  Maton 
forty  bushels  of  wheat  for  the  year  1730  of  the  balance  due 
him. 

Jean  Chastain. 


2The  first  mention  in  the  register  of  "processioning"  or  "perambu- 
lating," a  method  of  formally  fixing  the  boundaries  of  the  various 
land-holders  in  the  parish.  By  an  Act  of  Assembly  of  March,  1661-2, 
it  was  decreed  that  "within  twelve  months  after  this  act,  all  the 
inhabitants  of  every  neck  and  tract  of  land  adjoining  shall  goe  in  pro- 
cession and  see  that  the  mark-trees  of  every  mann*s  land  in  these 
precincts  be  renewed,"  and  that  the  same  course  be  taken  once  every 
four  years.  Henings,  Statutes  at  Large,  II,  102.  The  same  act  pro- 
vides "that  each  county  court  shall  appoint  and  order  the  vestries  of 
each  parish  to  divide  the  parishes  into  soe  many  precincts  as  they 
shall  think  necessary  for  the  neighbors  to  joyne  and  see  each  others 
markes  renewed,"  and  fixes  the  period  between  Easter  and  Whitsuntide 
for  the  processioning.  In  an  act  of  October,  1705,  the  above  act  was 
renewed,  and  the  county  courts  were  directed  to  order  the  vestries 
to  appoint  two  intelligent  and  honest  freeholders  in  each  prednct  to 
sec  such  processioning  performed.  These  freeholders  were  required 
to  make  report,  which  should  be  duly  registered  and  certified  to  by 
the  church  wardens.  The  period  for  processioning  was  by  this  act 
fixed  from  the  last  day  of  September  to  the  last  day  of  March,  and 
the  time  was  to  be  announced  in  advance  by  the  committee.  Bound- 
aries three  times  processioned  were  to  count  as  unalterably  fixed. 
Cf.  Hening,  III,  325.  The  last-mentioned  act  went  into  effect  in 
1708;  but  there  is  no  notice  of  processioning  in  the  present  register 
until  the  entry  above.  In  the  following  pages  committees  arc  ap- 
pointed to  procession  on  the  following  dates:  March  29,  1735;  Au- 
gust 20,  1739;  June  24,  1747.  The  custom  was  one  of  those  brought 
over  from  England;  and  it  is  of  interest  to  note  that  according  to 
Rapalje  and  Lawrence,  American  and  English  Law  Dictionary,  II, 
this  manner  of  impressing  boundaries  still  exists  in  some  parts  of 
North  Carolina  and  Tennessee. 


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VESTRY  BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH. 


67 


List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  Wiluam  for 
THE  Year  1731. 


rd,   [ 


Jean  Chastain,  | 

Charo,  black,     J 

Jacob  Amonet,      |  ^ 

Charlc  Amonet,   j 

Andre  Amonet,  i 

Jean  Faure,  i 

Jean  Bernard,        )  ^ 

Antoine  Bernard,  J 

Nicolas  Soulie,       1 

Jean  Ducre,  ) 

Mathieu  Age,  i 

Jean  Pierre  Bonduran,  ") 

Jean  Bonduran,  r      3 

Pierre  Bonduran,  ) 

Pierre  Bibret,  |  ^ 

Jaque  Faure,    ) 

Pierre  Brousse, 

Francoi  Allierd, 

Andre  Goodin 

Thommas  Deekens, 

Roberd  Peen, 

Pierre  Martin, 

Jaque  Houk, 

Jacque  Scott, 

Nicolas  Scotelar, 

Edouard  Scott, 

Jean  Quantain, 

Dilsi,  Debora, 

Thommas, 

Cooper, 

Dick, 

Brichis, 

Robin. 

Pierre  Louy  Soblet, 

Pierre  Soblett, 

To.  Grifin,    . 

Mark  Gotrig,. 

Francoi  Dupui,  I 

David  Bernard,  i 


)• 


1 


1 


Pierre  SaUe, 

Jacque  Brean, 

Daniel  Pero, 

Estiene  Malet, 

W.  Batom, 

J.  Ma.  fil., 

Estiene  Chastain, 

Estiene  Calvet, 

Estiene  Farsi, 

Linbo, 

Dick, 

Panpi, 

Mai, 

Sara, 

Antoine  Benin, ' 

Joseph  Benin, 

Billi, 

Cofe, 

Jini> 

W.  Salle,    ^ 

Gorge,         I 

Gini,  j 

Betti,  J 

Barbara  Dutoi, 

Jo, 

Peg,  black, 

Jean  Harris,   1 

W.  Harris,      j 

Barthelemi  Dupui 

Pierre  Dupui, 

Jean  Jacue  Dupui,  ) 

Dick,  black,  j 

Pierre  Faure, 

Jean  Chapman, 

Anne  David, 

Manuck, 

Dick, 

Dina, 

David  Lesueur, 


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68 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Jean  Loucadou, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Sara, 

Jean  Peen,  "^ 

Isaac  Gk)ri,  > 

Antoine  Calvert,  ) 

Pierre  Bocar, 

Judith  Giuodan,  Betti, 

Jaque  Teler 

Pierre  Chastain, 

Jean  Mouni, 

Piter, 

Maria, 

Jideon  Chanbon, 

Monoc, 

Betti, 

Jaque  Soblet,        | 

Gouard  Borgars,   J 


Jean  Vilain, 

Jean  Vilain, 

Antoine  Vilain, 

Piter, 

Siser, 

Marie, 

Antoine  Rapine, 

Dick, 

Sara, 

Kett, 


1 


1  Pierre  Guerand, 

2  Glaude  Rouviere, 
Jame, 

3  Jem, 
Robin,  Frenc, 

1  Hand, 

2  Mall, 
Hanry  Belly, 
William  Story, 

5     James  Holman  (tithables)  ) 
Jque  Judith,  J 

Jean  Dupre,  tithables, 
Gille  Allaigre,  tithables, 

3  Daniel  Faure,  tithables, 
Edouerd  Brayer, 

^      Elie  Sasin, 

Jacob  Trabu, 

Antoine  Trabu, 

Jean  Martin, 
,      Jaque  Martin, 

Richard  Dine, 

Jean  Dekey, 

Jean  Bottes, 

Magdelaine  Salle,  Bob,  ) 
.      Agar,  j 

^     Thomas  Prouet,  ) 

Nicolas  Duerai.    j 

Thomas  Brian, 


April  22,  1732.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine,  Jeane  Le vilain,  Gillieaume  Salle, 
Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Andre  Amonet,  Pierre  Louys  Soblet.  The 
vestry  discharged  Glaude  Gori  from  all  future  charge  of  the 
parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Monsieur  Rapine  rendered  his  account  for 
the  year  1730,  and  is  quit  of  the  same.  Done  in  the  presence 
of  the  vestry  as  above. 

Jean  Chastain. 

July  31,  1732.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Antoine 
Rapine,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure,  P.  Louys  Soblet,  Jean 
Jaques  Dupuy,  Guileaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonnet.  Mr.  Es- 
tiene Chastain  was  appointed  to  go  and  present  to  Mr.  the 


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VESTRY   BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM  PARISH.  69 

Governor  a  petition  to  fix  the  boundary  of  our  parish  of  King 
William.     He  was  promised  four  shillings  per  day. 

Jean  Chastain,  Clerk. 

August  28,  1732.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Jean 
Jaque  Dupui,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine 
Rapine,  Pierre  Gaure,  Louys  Soblet,  Andre  Amonet.  The 
vestry  gave  full  power  to  Mr.  Marye  to  write  to  the  gentle- 
men of  the  Society  for  the  twenty  pounds  which  it  had  the 
kindness  to  give  to  us  in  the  last  letter  which  we  have  received, 
dated  November  24,  1729. 

The  same  day  the  church  wardens,  Guilieaume  Salle  (and) 
Jean  Jaque  Dupi,  rendered  account  of  the  maize.  There  is 
due  to  them  two  bushels  of  maize,  and  they  are  discharged  of 
the  wheat,  saving  errors  in  the  account. 

Jean  Chastain. 

September  30,  1732.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Es- 
tiene Chastain,  Gile  Alaigre,  Pierre  Faure,  Jean  Dupre,  Pierre 
Louys  Soblet,  Andre  Amonet,  Guileaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque 
Dupui.  The  church  wardens  rendered  their  account  of  the 
tobacco.     They  still  owe  six  hundred  and  seventy-seven  pounds 

of  tobacco. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  vestry,  as  above,  made  the  levy  for  the  present  year  of 

a  bushel  and  a  half  of  wheat  and  a  bushel  and  a  half  of  maize 

per  tithable. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  Sieurs  Pierre  Faure  and  Andre  Amonet  took  the  oath 
of  church  warden  in  the  presence  of  the  vestry  named  above. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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70 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  for 
THE  Year  1732. 


Andre  Amonet, 

I 

Peter  Dupui, 

I 

Charlc  Amonet, 

I 

Peter  Louys  Soblet,    ' 

Jean  Chastain  &  Charo,        2 

Peter  Soblet, 

Thommas  Dickins, 

John  Grifin, 

4 

Peter  Martain, 

Luci, 

Willeam  Giles, 

John  Peter  Bilbo, 
Sara, 

/y 

Nicolas  Scotte, 

7 

^ 

James  Scott, 

Gedeon  Chanbon, 

Manac, 

Bet, 

James  Houk, 

3 

Maria, 

James  Bryant, 

I 

John  Quantain, 

I 

Willeam  Salle,  ^ 

James  Smith, 

I 

George, 

William  Stanford, 

I 

Betti, 

4 

James  Robinson, 

I 

Gini, 

Rene  Chastain,  ) 
Betti,                   j 

Edward  Scott,    ] 

2 

Dick, 

John  Bernard,       ^ 

Robin, 

' 

6 

Antoine  Bernard,  > 

3 

Cooper, 

Nicolas  Scott,        ) 

Dilcey, 

Moyse  Forquera(?),    ) 
David  Bernar,               j 

2 

Toni, 

Thimote  Eley, 

I 

John  Watt,     j 
JimierWatt,  j 

0 

Estiene   Malet, 

A 

Edward  Peen, 

Tohn  Harris,    ) 

Tohn  Mansfield, 

4 

Will  Harris,     [ 

3 

Dick,                    J 

Fillis,                3 

Tames  Soblet, 

I 

William  Bottum, 

I 

Peter  Faure, 

I 

Antoine  Rapine, 

John  Faure, 

I 

Dick, 

4 

Nicolas  Dueray, 

I 

Sara, 

Estiene  Chastain, 

Kat,                       J 

Linbo, 

Antoine  Calvet,  1 

■7 

Dick, 

John  Peen,          } 

Panpi, 
Tack, 

8 

John  Dupre, 

3 

Giles  Allaigre, 

4 

Moll, 

Daniel  Faure, 

2 

Sara, 

John  Faure, 

Jene, 

Isaac  Robinson, 

Nicolas  Soulie, 
Sam,                   3 

/9 

Edward  Bryar, 

2 

Elie  Sasin, 

Antoine  Benin,  *\ 

Will, 

Cofe, 

Jene,                     J 

Antoine  Trabue, 

A 

Jacob  Trabu, 

2 

4 

John  Dakar, 

2 

John  Martain, 

2 

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OQk 

VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH. 


71 


\ 


Thommas  Portur, 

Peter  Loucadou, 

John  Loucadou, 

Joseph, 

Peg,  3 

John  Levilain,         ^ 

.Antoine  Vilain,        I 

Peter,  )- 

Sisar,  | 

Marie,  J 

Peter  David 

Dik, 

Manuel,  i 

Daina,  J 

David  Lesueur,    | 

Joseph  Brian,       ) 

Barthelemi  Dupui, 

Tohn  James  Dupui, 

Dick, 

Peter  Dep, 

Panetie, 

John  Pierre  Panetie, 


\ 


2 

I 
2 


Jacque  Martain, 
Richard  Dine, 


5      Magdelaine  Salle,  her 
tithable  Bob, 
John  Villain, 
John  Adman, 


58 


70- 


January  31,  1732I3.  The  vestry  having  assembled,  it  gave 
full  power  to  Monsieur  Allaigre  to  ask  of  Major  Alwes  his 
opinion  regarding  the  tobacco  which  we  are  to  pay  to  the 
carpenter,  viz:  whether  he  shall  pay  thirty  per  hundred;  and 
he  was  directed  to  pay  a  guinea  for  his  opinion.  Present :  An- 
dre Amonet,  Pierre  Faure,  Gile  Alaigre,  Antoine  Rapine, 
Pierre  Louys  Soblet,  Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Guillaume  Salle. 

Jean  Chastain. 

March  8.  1732I3.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Pierre 
Faure,  Andre  Amonet,  Antoine  Rapine,  Guilieaume  Salle, 
Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Louis  Soblet.  It  was  agreed  to  give 
Claude  Gori  two  barrels  of  wheat  and  two  barrels  of  maize 
for  cleaning  the  church,  commencing  March   11,   1732I33. 

March   17,   1732I3.     The  vestry  assembled.     Present:    Pi- 


♦Gerk  Chastain's  figures  are  wrong.     The  sum  should  be  67. 


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72  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

erre  Fore,  Louis  Soblet,  Anthoine  Rapine,  Jean  Jaques  Dupuy, 
Jean  Dupre,  Andre  Amonet,  Giles  Allegre,  Jean  Levillain, 
Guilleaume  Salle,  Jean  Chastain.  Accounts  were  settled  witli 
Capn.  Francis  James,*  and  there  appears  due  him  from  the 
parish  for.  having  built  the  church  5286  pounds  of  tobacco,  in 
accordance  with  which,  as  well  as  for  650  lbs.  due  to  Capn. 
Rapine,  etc.,  a  levy  was  made  of  40  pounds  per  tithable,  if 
sufficient,*  or  52  otherwise. 

Antoine  Rapine  rendered  his  account  of  the  tobacco  for  the 
year  1730.     There  remains  due  him  160  lbs.  of  tobacco.*^ 

Jean  Levilain  asked  his  discharge.  The  vestry  granted  it 
to  him. 

Jean  Chastain. 

November  23,  1734."  Antoine  Rapine  received  the  tobacco 
due  him  by  the  parish  at  the  hands  of  Pierre  Faure  and  An. 

Amonet. 

Antoine  Rapine. 

The  vestry  appointed  as  members  David  Lesueur  and  Jean 
Pierre  Bonduran  to  fill  the  vacant  places. 

Jean  Chastain. 

June  16,  1733.  David  Lesueur  took  the  oath  as  vestryman 
for  the  church  of  the  parish  of  King  William,  in  the  pres- 

'The  contract  made  with  Captain  James  is  noted  above  under  Oc- 
tober 24,  1730.  Cf.  Va.  Magazine  of  Hist,  and  Biog.,  XII,  4,  p.  380. 
In  accordance  with  this  contract,  the  full  amount,  21,600  pounds, 
was  to  be  paid  in  three  years  from  date.  See  below  under  date  of 
June  16,  1733. 

*de  40  livres  par  tithables  convenient  ou  bien  52  autrement. 

•^11  se  trouve  redevable  de  106  lb  de  tabac.  Littre,  Sachs,  and  other 
lexicographers  give  redevable  only  in  an  active  sense;  but  that  it  is 
used  passively  in  the  above  passage,  is  confirmed  by  the  receipt  whidi 
follows.  Elsewhere  in  the  register  it  seems  to  have  the  same  mean- 
ing, and  is  doubtless  a  provincialism,  or  perhaps  another  evidence 
of  the  degeneracy  of  the  colonial  French  current  in  Manakintown 
at  this  time. 

«This  receipt  is  written  in  at  the  bottom  of  the  register,  and  is  not 
in  chronological  order.  There  is  a  tendency  on  the  part  of  .  Gerk 
Chastain  to  let  the  receipt  follow  immediately  on  the  entry  showing 
the  obligation. 


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VESTRY  BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  73 

ence  of  the  vestry,  as  follows:  Pierre  Faure,  Andre  Chums 
Amonet,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine,  Pierre  Louys  Sob- 
let,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Jean  Chastain. 

Guillieaume  Salle  and  Jean  Dupuy  paid  the  tobacco  which 
they  owed  to  the  parish  for  their  administration  of  the  year 

1731. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  vestry  the  same  day  settled  accounts  with  Captain 
Jamse.  In  accordance  with  the  account  which  we  made  with 
him,  we  have  paid  him  twenty  thousand,  nine  hundred  and 
eighty-one  pounds  of  tobacco,  and  we  owe  six  hundred  and 
nineteen  pounds. 

Jean  Chastain. 

August  II,  1733.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Pierre 
Faure,  Andre  Amonet,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine. 
Jean  Dupre,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Pierre  Louis 
Soblet,  David  Leseur.  Isaac  Paranto  having  asked  to  be  re- 
lieved from  the  charges  of  the  parish,  the  vestry  granted  it 
to  him. 

.  The  same  day  Gile  Allaigre  tendered  his  resignation.  The 
vestry  accepted  it. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Augfust  18,  1733.  Pierre  Gueran  took  the  oath  as  vestry- 
man for  the  church  of  the  parish  of  King  William.  Present : 
Pierre  Faure,  Andre  Amonet,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine  Ra- 
pine, Guilieaume  Salle,  Pierre  Louy  Soblet,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 
David  Lesueur. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Pierre  Louis  Soblet  tendered  his  resignation. 

The  vestry  accepted  it. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Pierre  Faure  and  Andre  Amonet  rendered  ac- 
count of  their  administration  for  the  year  1732,  They  gave 
their  note  for  the  amount  due  in  arrear. 

Jean  Chastain. 

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74  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Chastain  and  Jean  Chastain  were 
elected  church  wardens  by  a  plurality  of  votes. 

February  4,  1731  |  2.^  The  vestry  agreed  with  Cp.  Franc 
Jamse  to  make  the  flooring  for  the  vestry  and  shutters  for  the 
windows  of  the  church  for  five  pounds,  payable  in  wheat  at 
three  shillings  per  bushel,  delivered  at  Waric,  in  maize  at 
eighteen  pence  per  bushel,  delivered  at  Mr.  Rapine's  place. 

August  27,  1733.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Chastain,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Antoine  Rapine,  Pierre  Faure, 
Guilleaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonet,  David  Lesueur,  Pierre  Gue- 
rand.  We  settled  accounts  with  Monsieur  Marye,  the  minis- 
ter. The  parish  remains  due  him  six  pounds,  thirteen  shill- 
ings, ninepence. 

Jean  Chastain. 

August  27,  1733.  The  same  day  the  vestry  made  a  levy  of 
a  bushel  of  wheat  per  tithable  and  a  bushel  of  maize,  payable 
to  the  church  wardens. 

June  16,  1738.  Pierre  Faure  and  Andre  Amonnet  have  set- 
tled their  note  for  the  arrearage  in  their  year  as  church  ward- 
ens, the  year  1732. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Present : 

David  Lesueur/ 

EsTiENNE  Malet,      ^^^^^^  Wardens, 

Rane  Chastain, 

Anthony  Bennin, 

GuiLLAUME  Salle, 

EsTiENNE  Chastain, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbou, 

Pierre  Guerrant, 

John  Dupuy. 

^This  entry,  as  will  be  noted,  is  a  supplementary  contract  with  Cap- 
tain James,  and  stands  here  out  of  its  chronological  position.  Cf.  the 
contract  for  the  building,  dated  October  30,   1730. 


8The  signatures  are  personal. 


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vestry  book  of  king  william  parish.  75 

List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  fo« 
THE  Year  1733. 


Barthelemi  Dupuy,  1 

Pierre  Dupuy,  i 

Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Dik,  2 

Antoine  Rapine,  Dik,  Ket,  3 
Nicolas  Soulie,  Sem,  Robin, 

Mai,  •       4 

Pierre  Gueran,  Antoine 

Trabu,  2 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Seri,  2 
Pierre  Faure,  Pierre  Bioret,  2 
Jaque  Soblet,  i 

Andre  Amonet,  i 

Jaque  Faure,  1 

Jean  Faure,  i 

Jean    Jaque    Florinoirs,    his 
blacks,  3 

Jeame  Le  Vieux,  Jeame 

Franc* 
Jean  Edmen.  Henri  Colins,   2 
David  Thomas,  i 

Thomas  Porter,  Jo.  Peg,  3 
Charle  Vemion,  i 

Pierre  Louy  Soblet,  Grifin, 

Lousi,  3 

Estiene  Farsi,  Sem, 
Jean  Pierre  Bonduran, 
Jean  Bonduran,  \     3 

Pierre  Bonduran, 
James  Holl,  i 

Willeam  Higgins,  i 

Tohn  Higgin,  i 

Willeam  Smith,  1 

Estiene  Chastain,  Limbo, 
Dik,  Panpi,  Jac,  Mall,      8 
Seri,  Gini, 
Thomas  Bradli,  i 

Pierre  Loucadou,  I 

Rene  Chastain,  Jek,  Betti,     3 
Jean  Harris,  Willeam 
Harris.  Willeam  Bot- 
tom, Fillis,  4 


] 


tie,  [ 

Panetie,  ) 


lin,    I 


Pierre  Dep, 
Estiene  Panetie, 
Jean  Pierre  Panetie, 
Jean  Pcen,  William  Peen, 
Thomas  Dikeens, 
Jamse  Houk, 
Nicolas, 
Scotar, 

Jean  Martain, 
Pierre  Martain, 
Daniel, 
Mall,  Agar, 
Elie  Sasin, 
Edward  Scott, 
Joseph  Scott, 
Tam, 
Brichis, 
Pop, 
Couper, 
Dilso, 
'^eh. 

Jean  Levilain,         ^ 
irilain,     j 


Antoine  Levilain, 


} 


J 


Sizer, 
Marie, 
Xanni, 

Estiene  Cavet, 
Estiene  Calvet, 

Dik, 
Pierre  Soblet, 
Nicolas  Dueray, 
Jamse  Jons, 
Jamse  Robinson. 
Guillieaume   Salle,    1 
lean  Qiimo, 
Gorge, 
Betti,  Gini, 
Jean  Bemar,    Antoin    Ber- 

nar, 
David  Bernar, 
Pierre  David,  Dik,  Manoni, 


•The  number  of  tithables  is  left  blank  in  the  register. 


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76  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Pierre  Salle,  Jaque,  black, 

2 

Dina, 

4 

Antoine  Benin,  Joseph 

David  Lesueur,  Joseph 

Benin,  Cofe,  Billi,  Gini, 

5 

Brian, 

2 

Gile  Allaigre,  Chico,  Be- 

'  aque  Brian, 

I 

lander. 

3 

Jaque  Martain,  Betti, 

2 

Jeane  Dupre,  Pierre  For- 

Joseph  Tharanton, 

I 

queran,  Tobi,  Nanni, 

4 

:  )aniel  Peraud,  Job, 

2 

Jacob  Trabu,  London, 

2 

,  ean  Chastain,  Charo, 

2 

Edward  Bryer, 

I 

Gideon  Chambon, 

John  Wett,  Wott, 

2 

Monoc, 

3 

Daniel  Faure,  Pierre  Peru, 

2 

Betti,                          3 

Jean  Faure,  Moyse  Forque- 

r^ 

William  Stanford, 

J 

ran, 
Isaac  Robinson, 

I 

144* 

Jean  Levilain, 

I 

Charle  Amonet,  Bob, 

2 

Samuel  Weaver, 

1 

Jean  Deker,  Jean  Chapmen, 

2 

June  I,  1734.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine,  David  Lesueur,  Pierre  Faure,  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonet,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Pierre  Gue- 
ran,  Jean  Chastain.  An  agreement  was  made  with  Monsieur 
Marye^®  to  give  him  twenty  shillings  per  sermon,  one  of  which 
is  to  be  preached  every  two  weeks,  payable  in  wheat  at  three 
shillings  per  bushel  (or)  in  maize  at  eighteen  pence  per  bushel, 
delivered  partly  at  his  place  and  partly  at  Warwick. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  vestry  in  session  chose  as  church  wardens  David  Le- 
sueur and  Pierre  Gueran,  they  having  taken  the  usual  oath. 

Jean  Chastain. 

August  3,  1734.  The  vestry  assembled  and  agreed  with 
Mr.  Stephen  Woodson  to  do  the  ferrying  across  the  river  for 
the  Parish  of  King  William  one  year,  commencing  to-day.  He 
binds  himself  to  transfer  the  people  on  foot,  on  horseback, 
(and)  laden  horses  from  the  break  of  day  to  dusk;  we  bind 
ourselves  to  pay  him  six  pounds,  half  in  wheat  and  half  in 

♦Chastain's  system  of  arithmetic  is  again  unintelligible,  as  the  figures 
add  up  150. 

^^A  renewal  of  the  contract  of  August  16,  1730. 


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VESTRY  BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  77 

maize,  delivered  with  the  church  wardens,  the  wheat  at  three 
shillings  per  bushel,  the  maize  at  eighteen  pence  per  bushel. 
He  is  to  have  the  maize  at  the  end  of  next  April  and  the 
wheat  at  the  end  of  September  of  the  year  1735.  He  is  to 
transfer  the  minister  on  account  of  the  parish  as  a  part  of  the 
contract.^^ 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  it  was  decreed  that  all  of  the  acts  passed  with 
respect  to  the  parish  of  King  William,  as  well  as  all  of  the 
laws  of  Virginia,  be  procured  and  kept  in  the  vestry. 

Jean  Chastain. 

September  20,  1734.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Da- 
vid Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine  Ra- 
pine, Guilieaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonet,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy. 
We  settled  accounts  with  Mr.  Marye.  We  remain  due  him 
two  pounds,  nineteen  shillings. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  levy  was  made  for  the  present  year,  1734, 
of  one  bushel  of  wheat  and  a  bushel  and  one-half  of  maize 
per  head. 

Jean  Chastain. 

List  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  for  the  Year  1734. 


Capt.  Antoine  Rapine, 

5 

Thomas  Dikens. 

3 

Samuel  Birch, 

I 

Benjamin  Haris, 

I 

Pierre  Dep. 

3 

Jean  Haris, 

3 

Estiene  Chastain, 

7 

Edward  Scott, 

/ 

Barthelemi  Dupuy. 

I 

Temse  Petev, 

I 

lean  Jaque  Dupuy, 

2 

Pitar  Salle.' 

2 

Pierre  Dupuy, 

I 

John  James  Florinoir. 

tith- 

Pierre  Lx)uys  Soblet, 

4 

ables. 

3 

Tean  Pierre  Billiebo, 

2 

Thomas  Bradley, 

1 

Thomas  Porter. 

3 

David  Thomas, 

I 

"A  former  contract  of  July  23,  1731,  with  Jean  Okebey  fixes  the 
amount  to  be  paid  for  ferriage  at  five  pounds,  and  does  not  include 
free  transfer  for  the  minister.  The  free  transportation  of  the  min- 
ister and'  his  household  comes  up  later  as  a  matter  of  dispute  with 
Reverend  -Gavain.     Cf.  entry  below,  December  3,  1736. 


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78 


VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


Isaac  Gori, 

I 

Pierre  Loucadou, 

Jean  Levilain,  signer, 

5 

Jean  Bonduran,  j., 

Pierre  Faure, 

I 

Jaque   Faure,   Pierre   Bio- 

Jean  Faure, 

I 

ret, 

Jean  Chastain, 

2 

Jean  Pierre  Bonduran, 

Andre  Amonet, 

I 

Estiene  Calvet, 

Anne  David,  her  tithableSj 

•  4 

Estiene  Farsi, 

Antoine  Benain, 

4 

John  Edmonns, 

Joseph  Benain, 

I 

John  Hamilton, 

Daniel  Perault, 

3 

Jaque  Soblet, 

David  Lesueur, 

3 

.  oseph  Bingley, 

Jaque  Brian, 

I 

^ean  Morises, 

Jean  Bernard, 

I 

^  ean  Dupre, 

\Rene  Chastain,         » 

4 

Ldward  Bryar, 

David  Bernard, 

2 

Giles  Allaigre, 

Guillieaume  Salle, 

6 

Daniel  Faure, 

Guilleaume  Stenford, 

I 

Jean  Faure, 

Pierre  Gueran, 

3 

Isaac  Robinson, 

Gedeon  Chambon, 

3 

Elie  Sassain, 

Charle  Vemion, 

I 

Jacob  Trabu, 

Nicolas  Soulie, 

4 

Jean  Martain, 

Jaque  Robinson, 

0 

Magdelaine  Salle, 

John  Witt, 

3 

Jean  Willeamson, 

Samuel  Wever, 

I 

Jean  Vilain, 

Estiene  Malet, 

3 

I 

2 
I 
O 

1 
I 
I 

4 
1 

3 
I 

2 
I 
I 
2 


.  November  23,  J 734.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Da- 
vid Lesueur,  Pierre  Guerand,  Antoine  Rapine,  Pierre  Faure, 
Guilieaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonet.  Antoine  Benin  took  the 
oath  of  vestryman. 

Jean  Chastain. 

March  15,  1734-5.    The  vestry  assembled.    Present:  David 

Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran,  Estiene  Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine, 

Antoine  Benin,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonet,  Guilieaume 

Salle.    Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  took  the  oath  of  vestryman  for  the 

parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Chastain  and  Jean  Chastain  submit- 
ted their  account.  They  owe  twenty-seven  bushels  and  one- 
half  of  wheat  and  seventeen  bushels  of  maize  for  the  year 

1733. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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VESTRY  BOOK   OF  KING   WILLIAM   PARISH.  79 

March  29,  1735.  The  glebe  was  rented  by  the  church  war- 
dens, David  Lcsueur  and  Pierre  Guerant.  Louys  Soblet  rent- 
ed it  until  next  Christmas  for  three  bushels  of  wheat,  payable 
to  the  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David  Lesueur,  Pierre 
Gueran,  Antoine  Rapine,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Guillieaume 
Salle,  Andre  Ammonet,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo.  The  vestry  ap- 
pointed Jacob  Trabu  and  Edoward  Bryer  to  procession  the 
g^oimd  beyond  the  creek  below,  and  between  the  two  creeks 
Thomas  Porter  and  Louys  Soblet,  and  above  the  creek  Jean 
Harris  and  Daniel  Pero. 

Jean  Chastain. 

August  9,  1735.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran,  Antoine  Rapine,  Estiene  Chastain, 
Guilieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Antoine  Benin,  Jean 
Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Faure.    Antoine  Bening  and  Jean  Pierre 

Bilbo  took  the  oath  of  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 


The  same  day  David  Lesueur  and  Pierre  Gueran  rendered 

account  of  their  administration  for  the  year  1734.     They  re 

main  owing  twenty-two  bushels  and  one-half  of  wheat,  and 

twenty-two  bushels  and  one  peck  of  maize,  and  two  pounds 

and  four  shillings  in  money. 

Jean  Chastain. 

September  20,  1735.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  An- 
toine Benin,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Antoine  Rapine,  Guilieaume 
Salle.  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonet.  The 
levy  for  the  present  year,  1735,  is  one  bushel  of  wheat  per 

tithable. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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80 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  fo:< 
THE  Year  1735. 


Edward  Scott,     ^| 

Edward  Miller, 

Cooper, 

Dick, 

Pope, 

Gloster, 

Friday, 

Dilcy, 

Tob,  negro, 

John  Edmond,  Bess,  2 

Anthoiny.  Mathieu  Oge,       2 

James  Robinson,  o 

Rene  Chastain,    Jack,  Nicl 

Scottar,  3 

William  Salle,  1 
John  Chimon,  j 
John  Below,        !  ^ 

Gorg,  f 

Betti,  j 

Gini,  J 

Gideon  Chambon,  Monock, 

Betti,  Gorg,  3 

Robert  Ellis,  1 

Louys  Soblet,  Lousi,  2 

Charle  Vernion,  i 

Jean  Levilain, 
Antoine  Levilain, 
Marie,  j 

Nafii,  J 

Estiene  Chastain, 
Limbo, 
Dick, 
Pampi, 
Jack, 
Sara, 
Gini, 

Andre  Amonet, 
Estiene   Panetie, 
Jean  Panetie, 
Pierre  Loucadou 
Jean  Chastain,  Charo,  2 

Charles  Amonet,  i 


nlam,    I 


]■■ 


David  Lesueur,  Joseph 

Brian,  i 

Jaque  Brian,  I 
Cp.  Holman's  Wott,  Cain, 

negro,  2 

Barthelemi  Dupuy,  i 

Jean  Dupuy,  Dick,  2 

Pierre  Dupuy,  i 
Pierre  Faure,  Pierre  Faure, 

Jean  Faure,  i 

Thomas  Porter,  Joe,  Peg,     3 

Joseph  Benin,  i 

Antoine  Benin,     ^ 

Billi,  I 

Cofe,  J.  5 

Jinc,  I 

Hanna,  J 

Williem  Harris,  i 

Nicolas  Soulie,  Robin,  Sam, 

Mol,  4 

Pierre  Gueran, 
Antoine  Trabu, 
Gorg, 
Tom,  J 

Antoine  Rapine,   ^ 
Dick,  I 

Piter,  y  5 

Kate,  I 

Jinc,  J 

Christopher  Charlton,  1 

Piter  Soblet,  i 

David  Tommas,  i 

Joseph  Bingli,  i 

Estiene  Far  si,  Sam  j 

Estiene  Calvet,  i 

Jean  Martain,  jun..  Jack, 

Filis,  3 

Janne  Dupre,  tithables,  4 
Jean  Faure,  Pierre  Peru,  2 
Daniel  Faure,  i 

Jean  Moriset,  i 


(to  be  concluded  in  next  number) 


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ELECTION   OF   PRESIDENT   BUCHANAN.  81 


HOW  JAMES    BUCHANAN  WAS    MADE    PRESI- 
DENT, AND  BY  WHOM. 


The  Kansas-Nebraska  Bill. 


Reminiscences  of  John  A.  Parker,  of  Virginia. 


Introduction. 

The  document  printed  below  was  found  among  the  private 
papers  of  the  late  Col.  John  A.  Parker  of  Virginia.  For  ac- 
cess to  these  papers,  for  permission  to  publish  the  one  here 
presented,  and  for  the  facts  of  Col.  Parker's  life  here  men- 
tioned. I  am  indebted  to  the  kindness  of  Col.  Parker's  only 
surviving  daughter,  Mrs.  R.  E.  Wynne. 

Col.  Parker  was  born  in  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia. 
20th  February,  1804.  For  nearly  forty  years  he  was  officially 
connected  with  the  Federal  Government.  He  appears  to  have 
had  unusual  opportunities  for  obtaining  information  relating 
to  certain  important  phases  of  ante  bell  urn  politics. 

In  his  unpublished  "Autobiography,"  Col.  Parker  says: 

"In  a  life,  long,  eventful,  and  troubled,  it  was  my  good 
fortune  to  become  personally  acquainted,  with  very  many  dis- 
tinguished men,  occupying  the  highest  offices  in  the  country. 
I  will  mention  a  few,  viz,  Genl.  Jackson,  Mr.  Van  Buren, 
James  K.  Polk,  James  Buchanan,  and  last  but  equally  distin- 
guished, Thomas  Ritchie.  I  think  I  may  add  Jefferson  Davis. 
With  the  first  three,  I  was  personally  well  acquainted;  and 
towards  Mr.  Buchanan,  I  had  confidential  relations  from  184/ 
to  the  day  of  his  death,  with  a  short  interval  when  he  changed 
his  'Kansas  Policy*,  and  which,  /  told  him  at  his  own  table. 
would  hasten  the  disruption  which  the  'signs'  so  plainly  indi- 
cated.   This  was  in  1858. .  ."^ 

In   1835  Col.  Parker  was  sent    by  President    Jackson    to 

^''Autobiography  of  John  A.  Parker,  so  far  only,  as  his  public  life  is 
concerned.  Written  at  the  request  of  friends;  and  among  them,  that 
Reverend  John  Goode  [?].  Xot  written  to  be  published  during  my  life, 
if  ever."— Parker  MSS. 


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82  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Texas  on  a  secret  mission  connected  with  the  independence  of 
that  country.  In  1851  he  was  Librarian  of  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives of  the  United  States.^ 

After  the  passage  of  the  Kansas-Nebraska  Bill  in  1854  the 
Virginia  delegation  in  Congress  urged  the  appointment  of 
Col.  Parker  as  Governor  of  the  Territory  of  Kansas.* 

In  185s  Col.  Parker  was  Secretary  of  the  Judiciary  Com- 
mittee of  the  House  which  then  had  charge  of  the  investiga- 

2C0I.  Parker  was  removed  from  the  office  of  Librarian,  6  Dec.  1853, 
by  John  W.  Forney,  Clerk  of  the  House,  in  whom  the  appointment  o^ 
Librarian  was  then  vested.  The  removal  seems  to  have  occasioned 
considerable  agitation  among  the  Virginia  Congressional  delegation. 
An  unsucessful  attempt  was  made  to  take  from  the  Clerk  tlie  power 
of  appointment,  and  to  have  the  Librarian  appointed  by  the  House.  The 
proposition  was  defeated  by  only  four  votes.  See  the  Richmond  En- 
quirer, December  9,  16,  and  20,  1853.  Also  the  Congressional  Globe, 
33d  Congress,  ist  Session,  Vol.  28,  pt.  L,  pp.  22,  34,  35,  40. 

5" As  soon  as  that  Bill  passed,  the  Southern  members  in  Con- 
gress, desired  President  Pierce,  to  appoint  to  office  Southern  men,  in 
'Kansas',  and  Northern  men  in  Nebraska.  It  was  thought  slavery  might 
be  established  in  Kansas,  but  would  not  be,  in  Nebraska.  While  this 
policy  was  being,  urged  on  the  President,  the  Virginia  Delegation,  in 
Congress,  and  a  portion  of  the  delegations  from  other  Southern  States, 
without  consulting  me,  presented  to  the  President,  a  written  request 
that  he  should  appoint  me  Governor  of  'Kansas'.  (This,  was  supple- 
mented by  an  appeal  made,  by  Mr.  Ritchie,  then,  on  his  death-bed; 
and  he  sent  for  the  President,  and  requested  him,  to  call  on  him.  The 
President  kindly  did  so  and  be  made  the  appeal.  Three  days  after,  he 
died.) 

"The  President,  held,  this  'Policy'  under  advisement,  for  some  time, 
and  was  inclined,  as  were  the  several  members  of  his  Cabinet,  to  adopt 
it.  But,  unfortunately,  for  him,  and  perhaps,  for  the  peace  of  the 
country,  he  had  given  his  confidence  to [two  words  here  illegi- 
ble] John  W.  Forney,  who  had  gained  an  influence  over  him,  greater 
than  that  of  any  member  of  his  Cabinet,  and  it  was  this,  which  caused 
the  President  to  adopt  the  policy  he  did,  viz.,  of  sending  Northern  men 
to  'Kansas',  and  Southern  men  to  'Nebraska'.  Forney  succeeded  in 
having  the  notorious  *Reeder'  appointed  'Governor',  one  of  the  worst 
possible  appointments  he  could  have  made.  He,  Reeder,  soon  plunged 
the  teritory  into  trouble  and  turmoil,  bloodshed  and  anarchy,  which 
continued  for  years,  and  came  very  near  causing  civil  war  in  the 
U.  S.,  and  which  did  hasten  it  in  1861 "    Parker  MSS. 


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ELECTION   or   PRESIDENT   BUCHANAN.  83 

tion  of  certain  frauds  consummated  by  one  Gardiner  and 
others  under  the  Mexican  treaty. 

In  1856  Parker  was  appointed  Register  of  the  Land  Office 
of  Nebraska.  The  cause  of  his  resignation  is  alluded  to  in 
the  document  printed  below.  In  i860  Parker  was  appointed 
Consul  at  Honolulu.  From  this  post,  he  was,  at  his  own  re- 
quest, released  in  1862. 

About  this  time  Col.  Parker  and  Mr.  Thomas  Green,  a  son- 
in-law  of  Thomas  Ritchie,  were  appointed  agents  for  the  State 
of  Virginia  to  procure  a  settlement  from  the  Federal  Gov- 
ernment for  money  loaned  by  the  State  to  the  Federal  Gov- 
ernment for  the  purpose  of  erecting  public  buildings,  and 
also  for  money  loaned  in  the  war  of  181 2.  In  the  settlement 
of  these  claims,  which  were  not  finally  adjusted  until  after 
his  death  in  1894,  Col.  Parker  was  engaged  for  several  years.* 

P.  O.  Ray, 
The  Pennsylvania  State  College. 

Reminiscences  of  J.  A.  Parker. 

How  James  Buchanan,  was  made  President  of  the  U.  S; 
and  by  whom ;  Reminiscences ;  of  J.  A.  Parker,  of  Va. 

For  years  and  up  to  1852  I  held  Confidential  Relations  to- 
wards James  Buchanan  of  Penna.  At  that  time,  both  Sena- 
tors, and  every  Member  of  Congress  in  Va.  was  opposed  to 
him  on  acct.  of  his  protective  tariff  Views.  There  was  not  a 
single  paper  in  the  State  advocating  his  election  to  the  Presi- 
dencv. 

It  was  in  FebV,  1852,  in  the  City  of  Washington  and  at  the 
House  of  Hon.  Wm.  R.  King  a  Senator  from  Alabama,*  n 
few  of  the  confidential  friends  of  Mr.  Buchanan  met;  and  a 
campaign  for  Mr.  Buchanan  agreed  on,  in  order  to  carry  the 


*A  recent  letter  from  Mrs.  Wynne  is  authority  for  these  last  state- 
ments. ,Mrs.  Wynne  also  states  that  her  father,  although  over  ninety 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  death,  was  to  the  very  last  a  man  of  mo.st 
remarkable  memory. 

•Elected  Vice-President  on  the  ticket  with  Franklin  Pierce  in  185J 
Sec  **Some  Papers  of  Franklin  Pierce"  V  Edmund  Burke  to  Frank- 
lin Pierce.    American  Historical  Rciiciv  X,  114. 


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84  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Southern  States,  and  especially  Virginia.  It  was  decided  to 
press  him  for  the  Nomination  in  Baltimore  in  May — ^and  prin- 
cipally on  the  ground,  that  in  his  letter  of  184/  to  the  "Har- 
vest Hand''  in  Penna  he  was  the  first  Northern  man  of  any 
party,  who  had  taken  Strong  Ground  against  the  "Wilmot 
Proviso" — a  measure  very  unpopular  in  the  South.  His  let- 
ter too,  was  in  other  respects  pro  Slavery;  These  questions 
it  was  thought — ^and  afterwards  proven,  would  over  ride  all 
Others,  and  in  the  Canvass,  the  objections  to  Mr.  Buchanan, 
on  the  Tariff  question  would  be  forgiven.     [?] 

The  first  movement  was  to  be  made  in  Virginia.  There 
was  but  one  prominent  man  in  Virginia,  who  could  be  per- 
suaded to  Lead — and  that  man  was  Henry  A.  Wise.  He  was 
the  devoted  friend  of  Com.  Stockton,  and  it  was  supposed, 
wished  to  see  him  nominated.  He,  however,  was  induced  to 
Lead  (I  will  not  say  hoWy  but  the  secret  history  is  known  to 
me,  and  in  Writing). 

The  Canvas,  resulted  in  giving  the  vote  of  Va.  in  the  Bal- 
timore Convention  to  Mr  Buchanan  on  ^2  ballots.  This  Vote 
in  1852,  was  the  ground  work,  of  Mr.  Buchanan's  Nomina- 
tion, (and  election)  at  Cincinnatti  in  1856, 

This,  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable,  events  in  the  politi- 
cal history  of  the  U.  S. — that,  of  State's  being  carried, 
against  the  entire  delegation,  and  without  a  single  paper  to 
sustain  the  candidate — and  yet,  it  is  now  history. 

As  soon  as  Mr  B.  was  elected,  he  sent  for  Wise  to  visit 
him  at  'Wheatland*^  and  offered  him  a  Cabinet  appointment; 
This  was  declined — (He,  Wise,  then  being  Gov  of  Va) — 
He  Mr  B — then  requested  Gov  Wise  to  aid  him  in  making 
up  his  Cabinet,  which  he  did. 

On  24th  March  1857 — only  20  days  after  he  was  inaugp:!- 
rated  he  wrote  to  me, — his  letter  is  now  before  me — and 
said — 

'*I  should  now,  not  be  President  of  the  U.  S.  but  for  the 
action  of  Gov.  Wise,  and  yourself  in  1852 ; — without  Virginia, 
I  could  not  have  been. nominated,  or  elected." 


•Near  Lancaster,  Pa. 


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ELECTION   OF   PRESIDENT   BUCHANAN.  85 

But,  Gov  Wise,  and  myself  soon  had  cause  to  regret,  our 
l>art,  in  electing  Mr.  Buchanan — we  soon  discovered,  he  had 
placed  his  Administration  in  the  hands  of  the  Original  'Nul- 
lifiers' — and  we  became  satisfied  his  policy  would  lead  to  Se- 
cession— We,  and  the  Richmond  Enquirer,  had  for  years 
worked  against  Nullification — the  Parent  of  Secession — in 
Vain  we  as  his  Original  friends  protested  against  his  policy; 
we  warned  him  of  the  inevitable  result ;  In  One  of  his  letters, 
(which  is  preserved)  he  said: 

'7/  the  personal  Liberty  Lazvs  of  the  North,  are  not  re- 
pealed, the  South  will  have  a  right  to  secede,  and  ought  to 
secede," 

Soon  after  this,  Mr.  Buchanan's,  sudden  change  of  his 
'Kansas*  policy,  satisfied  us,  he  had  passed  the  ^Rubicon' — 
and  this  led  to  the  Open  Breach,  between  Gov  Wise  and 
President  Buchanan — (but  the  strange  spectacle  was  ex- 
hibited, of  the  President  of  the  U.  S.  waging  a  Warfare, 
against  his  Original  friends)  J 


'Parker's  account  of  how  his   own   former  friendly   relations   with 

Buchanan  were  restored  is  as  follows:  *' The  alienation  continued 

until  i860.  I  often  visited  Washington  in  1858  and  '59.  I  did  not 
call  on  the  President.  In  i860,  I  received  a  letter  from  Genl.  Cass, 
Secretary  of  State,  in  which  he  said,  'The  President  requests  me  to 
say  'he  wishes  you  to  come  to  Washington,  and  he  wishes  to  talk 
over  matters  of  the  past,  the  Present  and  the  future;  and  to  dine 
with  him  on  the  day  you  reach  Washington.' 

**I  did  not  hasten  to  Washington ;  but,  in  about  ten  days  I  did  go — 
and  at  12  o'clock  on  the  day,  I  arrived,  I  called — it  was  his  custom  to 
have  the  door  thrown  open  at  12  o'clock — to  admit  all  callers — I  in- 
tended to  afford  him,  an  opportunity  to  renew,  if  he  thought  proper,  his 
invitation  to  dine  with  him;  As  soon  as  he  saw  me  in  the  crowd,  he 
beckoned  me  to  come  to  him,  and  said,  'You  must  dine  with  me  to-day 
at  4  o'clock.'  On  my  arrival  I  found  only  Genl.  Cass,  and  Mr.  Cobb, 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  present.  After  dinner,  the  President  in- 
vited Genl.  Cass,  Mr.  Cobb,  and  myself  into  his  private  room,  where 
we  remained  until  ten.  Of  course,  it  is  not  my  intention,  nor 
would  it  be  proper  for  me  (I  being  the  only  living  person)  to  say 
w^hat  was  said,  or  what  took  place,  on  that  occasion — I  can,  however, 
properly  say,  that  the  past,  present,  and .  future  matters  were  very 
freely  and  fully  discussed,  respecting  public  men  and  measures,  and 
es]>ecially  The  Impending  Crisis' — Our  former  relations  were  restored ; 


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86  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Within  24  hours  after  this  change,  I  resigned  an  important 
office,  which  had  been  given  me  by  President  Pierce  (a) 

[Note  in  margin.]  (a)  ''Register  of  the  Land  Office,  Oma- 
ha, N.  T." 

The  Original  "Kansas  Nebraska  Bill"  and  President  Buch- 
anan's Action,  led  to  Secession,  and  its  awful  Consequences. 

"The  Kansas-  Nebraska''  Bill. 

Only  two  persons  are  now  living  who  know  the  Real  Au- 
thors of  that  Bill — its  history  and  purposes.  Judge  Douglas, 
was  the  reputed  Author — ^and  its  patron,  and  the  American 
people,  even  now,  think  he  was  the  Author;  I  know  he  was 
not, — and  /  know  how  and  zvhy  he  became  its  active  patron. 

The  true  history  of  that  Bill,  is  written,  it  has  never,  yet 
been  published,  but  may  be  beiove  I  die — or  afterwards,  and 
also  these  sketches,  which  will  be  found  among  my  papers, 
with  my  correspondence,  to  sustain,  and  fully  Verify,  every 
statement  I  have  made.  *  *  *  [Marginal  note  omitted.] 

[Marginal  note  to  the  note  omitted:]  (a)  Many  of  the 
facts,  *  *  *  are  known  to  President  Davis — He  was  Sec'y 
of  War,  at  the  time  the  "Kansas -Nebraska  Bill  passed,  and 
may  recollect  some  conferences,  he  held,  with  Judge  Caskie,* 
and  me. 

In  after  Times — I  wish  my  own  action  to  be  made  known 

to  such  as  may  feel  any  interest  in  it. 

John  A.  Parker. 

Tappahannock,  Va.,  28th  March  1877. 

Upon  the  back  of  this  document  are  the  following  endorse- 
ments : 

[In  Parker's  handwriting:] 

Sketches,  &c,  Buchanan  and  His  Administration, 

The  Kansas-Nebraska   Bill — From   personal  knowledge 

Bv  John  A,  Parker,  of  Va. 


and  I  allude  now  to  the  incident,  to  show  how  we  again  came  *to 

smoke  the  calumet' "     Parker  MSS. 

sProhably  John  S.  Caskie,  Representative  from  Virginia  from  1851 
to  1859,  and  member  of  the  Judiciary  Committee.    Died,  1869. 


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LETTER  OF  JOHN  PAUL  JONES.  87 

|^=* Please  return  this  to  J.  A.  Parker  Tappk,  Va. 

Read  &  returned  as  requested  above. 

Jefferson  Davis. 
22d  Oct.  1883. 


John  A.  Parker  Esq.:    Much  obliged  for  the  opportunity 
of  reading  the  enclosed. 

John  Sherman..  . 
Nov  IS,  '79. 


LETTER  FROM  JOHN  PAUL  JONES'  TO  JOSEPH 
HEWES,  May  19,  1776. 


[The  original  of  the  following  letter,  which  is  referred  to 
in  Sherburne's  Paul  Jones  (p.  14,  &c.),  but,  it  is  believed, 
never  printed  in  full,  is  included  in  the  very  valuable  collection 
of  MSS.  now  preserved  in  the  former  home  of  Governor  John- 
ston, at  Edenton,  N.  C.  We  are  indebted  to  Mrs.  John  G. 
Wood,  of  Edenton,  and  Judge  W.  J.  Leake,  of  Richmond,  for 
the  copy  used. 

Paul  Jones  had  just  returned  from  the  cruise  to  the  Baha- 
mas, in  which  he  served  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Alfred.     On 

^It  is  worth  noting  that,  while  there  is  no  doubt  that  John  Paul 
Jones  lived  for  a  time  at  Fredericksburg,  Spotsylvania  county,  Virginia, 
his  name  never  appears  in  the  records  of  the  town  or  county.  By 
deed  dated  Aug.  16,  1770,  Thos.  Blanton  and  wife  sold  to  William 
Paul,  for  ii20  currency,  lot  258  in  the  town  of  Fredericksburg.  The 
will  of  Wm.  Paul  was  dated  March  22,  1772,  and  proved  in  Spotsyl- 
vania Dec.  16,  1774.  He  left  his  whole  estate,  which  consisted  chiefly 
of  his  house  and  lot,  to  his  sister,  Mary  Young,  and  her  eldest  chil- 
dren, in  Abigton,  in  the  parish  of  Kirthbeen,  in  the  Stewarty  of  Galla- 
say.  North  Britain.  He  appointed  Wm.  Templeman  and  Isaac  Heslup 
executors;  but,  they  refusing,  John  Atkinson,  who  had  been  one  of  the 
witnesses  to  the  will,  was  appointed.  The  house  owned  by  Wm.  Paul 
is  believed  still  to  be  standing  on  lot  258,  but  there  is  on  record  no 
conveyance  of  the  lot  from  Paul's  representatives.  See  "John  Paul 
Jones  as  a  Citizen  of  Virginia,"  this  magazine,  VH,  286. 


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88  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

the  loth  of  May  he  had  been  ordered  to  the  command  of  the 
Providence,  and  arrived  at  New  York  on  the  i8th.] 

On  Board  the  Sloop  Providence, 

N.  York,  May  19th,  1776. 
Sir, 

I  had  the  honor  of  writing  you  the  History  of  our  Cruise 
in  the  Fleet  from  the  Capes  of  Delaware  'till  our  arrival  at  N. 
London  the  14th  ulto.  inclosing  an  inventory  of  all  the  stores 
taken  at  N.  Providence,  &c. — the  letter  contained  a  particular 
account  of  the  action  with  the  Glascow  in  an  Extract  from 
the  Alfred's  Log  Book — it  also  contained  some  free  thoughts 
on  Certain  Characters  in  the  Fleet — it  was  inclosed  to  Mr. 
Sproat  and  by  ill  luck  fell  into  hands  not  the  most  agreeable 
on  its  way  to  the  Post  Office  from  which  circumstances  I  much 
fear  it  hath  miscarried — for  I  have  just  now  parted  from 
Captn.  Lenox  and  tho'  he  is  late  from  Philadelphia  he  hath 
no  account  of  any  letters  from  me  to  his  uncle  Mr.  Sproat. 
I  now  inclose  you  the  minutes  of  two  Court  Martials  held  on 
board  the  Alfred,  the  Evidences  at  large  excepted — the  min- 
utes have  not  yet  been  seen  in  print — in  Consequence  of  the 
last  Trial  I  was  ordered  to  take  the  Command  of  this  Vessel 
the  loth  Cur.  I  arrived  here  yesterday  afternoon  in  36  hours 
from  Rhode  Island  with  a  return  of  upward  of  100  men  be- 
sides Officers  which  Genl.  Washington  lent  to  the  Fleet  at  N 
London. — I  left  the  A.  Doria  &  Cabot  at  Rhode  Island  ready 
to  sail  together  on  a  four  weeks'  Cruise. — What  will  become 
of  the  Alfred  and  Columbus  heaven  only  knows — the  seamen 
have  been  so  very  sickly  since  the  Fleet  returned  to  the  Con- 
tinent that  it  will  be  Impossible  to  man  them  without  others 
can  be  entered. — I  have  landed  Genl.  Washington's  Soldiers 
and  shall  now  apply  to  shippingmen  if  any  can  be  obtained  but 
it  appears  that  the  seamen  almost  to  a  man  had  entered  into 
the  army  before  the  Fleet  was  set  on  Foot,  and  I  am  well  in- 
formed that  there  are  four  or  five  thousand  seamen  in  the 
Land  Service. 

The  unfortunate  Engagement  with  the  Glascow  seems  to 
be  a  general  reflection  on  the  Officers  of  the  Fleet — but  a  lit- 
tle reflection  will  set  the  matter  in  a  true  light — for  no  Offi- 


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LETTER   OF  JOHN    PAUL  JONES.  89 

cer  who  acts  under  the  eye  of  a  Superior  and  who  doth  not 
stand  charged  by  that  Superior  for  Cowardice  or  misconduct 
can  [be]  blamed  on  any  occasion  whatever. — For  my  own  part 
I  wish  a  General  Enquiry  might  be  made  respecting  the  abili- 
ties of  officers  in  all  Stations — and  then  the  Country  woulJ 
not  be  Cheated. 

I  may  be  wrong  but  in  my  opinion  a  Captain  of  the  Navy 
ought  to  be  a  man  of  Strong  &  well  connected  sense  with  a 
tolerable  Education,  a  Gentleman  as  well  as  a  seaman  both  in 
Theory  and  Practice — for,  want  of  learning  and  rude  ungen- 
tle manners  are  by  no  means  the  Characteristick  of  an  Officer. 
I  have  been  led  into  this  subject  on  feeling  myself  hurt  as  an 
Individual  by  the  Censures  that  have  been  indiscriminately 
thrown  out — for  altho*  my  station  confined  me  to  the  Alfred's 
lower  Gun  Deck  where  I  commanded  during  the  action  & 
tho'  the  Commodore's  letter  which  hath  been  published  says — 
"all  the  Officers  in  the  Alfred  behaved  well" — yet  still  the  Pub- 
lic blames  me  among  others  for  not  taking  the  Enemy. 

I  declined  the  Command  of  this  Sloop  at  Philadelphia — nor 
should  I  now  have  accepted  it  had  it  not  been  for  the  Rude 
unhappy  Temper  of  my  late  Commander — I  now  reflect  with 
Pleasure  that  I  had  Philosophy  sufficient  to  avoid  Quarreling 
with  him — and  that  I  even  obtained  his  blessing  at  Parting — 
may  he  soon  become  of  an  affable  even  disposition,  and  may 
he  find  pleasure  in  communicating  Happiness  around  him. 

There  is  little  Confidence  to  be  placed  in  reports  otherwise 
the  Lieutenants  of  the  Fleet  might  have  reason  to  be  uncasier 
when  they  are  told  that  the  several  Committees  have  orders 
to  appoint  all  the  Officers  for  the  New  Ships  except  only  the 
Captains. — I  cannot  think  they  will  be  so  far  overlooked  who 
have  at  first  stept  forth  and  shown  at  least  a  willingness — nor 
can  I  suppose  that  my  own  Conduct  will  in  the  Esteem  of  the 
Congress  subject  me  to  be  superseded  in  favor  of  a  younger 
Officer  especially  one  who  is  said  not  to  understand  Naviga- 
tion.— I  mean  the  Lieutenant  of  the  Cabot —  who  was  put  in 
Comm'd  of  the  Fly  at  Reedy  Island  after  I  had  declined  it — I 
was  then  told  that  no  new  Commissions  would  be  given — and  I 
considered  her  as  a  paltry  message  Boat  fit  to  be  commanded 
by  a  midshipman — but  on  my  appointment  to  the  Providence 


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90  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

I  was  indeed  astonished  to  find  my  seniority  Questioned — ^the 
Commodore  told  me  he  must  refer  to  the  Congress— -I  have 
reed,  no  new  Commission. — I  wish  the  matter  in  dispute  may 
first  be  cleared  up.  I  will  cheerfully  abide  by  whatever  you 
may  think  is  right — at  the  same  time  I  am  ready  at  any  time 
to  have  my  pretensions  enquired  into  by  men  who  are  Judges. 

When  I  applied  for  a  Lieutenancy  I  hoped  in  that  rank  to 
gain  much  useful  knowledge  from  men  of  more  experience 
than  myself — I  was  however  mistaken  for  instead  of  gaining 
information  I  was.  obliged  to  inform  others.  I  formed  an 
Exercise  and  trained  the  men  so  well  to  the  Great  Guns  in  the 
Alfred  that  they  went  thro'  the  motions  of  Broad  Sides  and 
Rounds  as  Exactly  as  Soldiers  generally  perform  the  Manual 
Exercises 

When  I  get  what  men  are  to  be  had  here — I  am  ordered 
back  to  Providence  for  further  Instructions — the  Sloop  must 
be  hove  down — ^and  considerably  repaired  and  refitted  before 
she  can  proceed  properly  on  any  Cruise.  I  should  esteem  my- 
self happy  in  being  sent  for  to  Philadelphia  to  act  under  the 
more  immediate  direction  of  Congress  especially  one  of  the 
new  Ships. — I  must  rely  on  your  Interest  herein. 

The  largest  and  I  think  by  far  the  best  of  the  Frigates  was 
launched  the  day  after  I  left  Providence — ^but  from  what  I 
can  hear  neither  of  them  will  equal  th^  Philadelphia  ships. — 
I  left  the  Columbus  heaving  down  and  the  Alfred  hauling  to 
the  wharf. — I  send  this  by  the  Commodore's  Steward  who  hath 
leave  to  visit  his  wife  at  Phila.  and  will  call  on  you  on  his 
return  in  a  day  or  two.  I  expect  that  he  will  overtake  mc 
here  if  I  succeed  in  getting  men — if  not  he  will  follow  me  to 
Rhode  Island  and  Providence. — May  I  hope  for  the  honor  of 
a  letter  from  you  by  his  hands — it  will  most  singularly  oblige 
me  and  greatly  add  to  the  favor  already  Conferred  on 

Sir 

your  much  obliged 
and  very  humble  Servant 

John  P.  Jones. 

N.  B. — If  you  have  not  reed,  my  last  I  will  send  a  copy  if 
desired. 

The  Hon'ble  Joseph  Hewes,  Esquire,  Philadelphia. 

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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  91 

HISTORICAL    AND     GENEALOGICAL     NOTES 
AND   QUERIES. 


Kennon   Record. 

The  family  record  of  the  Kennons  is  as  follows: 

Lewis  Kennon,  son  of  Charles  Kennon  and  his  wife,  Mary  Howell 
(Lewis),  was  born  in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  14th  day  of  June,  1784. 

Eliza  Wyatt  Winslow  was  born  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  6th  May, 
1790. 

Married  to  Lewis  Kennon  23d  January,  1816.  Died  23d  September, 
1824. 

(After  her  death.) — Dr.  Lewis  Kennon  to  Mary  Chadwick,  loth  of 
Jan.  1828,  by  Rev.  Sam'l  Davis,  Burke  county,  Ga. 

Children  to  Lewis  Kennon  and  his  wife,  "Eliza" : 

Charles  Henry  Kennon,  born  8th  March,  1817,  Saturday,  P.  M.    Dead. 

Charles  Henry  Kennon,  born  24th  May,  1818,  Sunday,  i  o'clock. 

(The  latter  was  my  father  who,  to  inherit  large  properties  entailed, 
took  and  retained  the  name  of  Winslow,  his  mother's  maiden  name.  ) 

(My  father  married  Maria  Louisa  Walter,  daughter  Jeremiah  Wal- 
ter and  Elizabeth  Wilmot,  of  Charleston,  S.  C.) 

Children  of  Dr.  Lewis  Kennon  and  wife,  Mary :  Elizabeth  W.  Ken- 
non, bom  September  20,  1778;  Mildred  L.  Kennon,  bom  May  18,  1781 ; 
Lewis  Kennon,  born  June  14,  1784;  Charles  H.  Kennon,  born  August 
3,  1786;  Nancy  Kennon,  born  December  16,  1790;  Mary  B.  Kennon, 
bom  April  3,  1795;  Patsy,  born  Nov.  16,  1796;  Lucy  Kennon,  bom 
May  26,  1798;  Richard  Kennon,  bom  May  28,  1800;  William  Hozvell 
Kennon,  born  March  14,  1802;  Rebekah  Kennon,  born  October  28, 
1804;  Eliza  Kennon,  born  May  7,  1806;  Erasmiss  Kennon,  born  Janu- 
ary 31,  1810;  Sally  Kennon,  born  November  20,  1811. 

Children  of  Henry  Kennon  Winslow  and  Maria  Louisa  Walter: 
Randolph  Bowling  Winslow,  Elizabeth  Winslow. 

William  Poe  Winslow  married  Annie  L.  Ludlow,  New  Orleans,  Jan- 
uary 31,  1880.    Several  children.     He  died  New  Orleans,  May  8,  1899. 

Elizabeth  W.  Kennon  Winslow  married  Henry  Darpit,  April  25,  1881. 

Children  of  Henry  Darpit  and  E.  W.  K.  Winslow ;  Bush,  born  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1882;  Henry,  born  July  31,  1884;  Walter,  bom  July  24,  1886; 
Myrtle  Dorothy,  born  December  11,  1893. 

,  New  Orleans,  La. 


New  Taylor  Genealogy. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ward  Doremus,  of  No.  2  E.  15th  St.,  New  York  City, 
(assisted  by  her  cousin,  Dr.  T.  Madison  Taylor),  proposes  to  publish 
a  new  and  accurate  geneaology  of  the  Taylors,  carrying  it  back  in 
England,  from  James  Taylor,  of  Carlisle,  the  first  immigrant  to  Virginia. 


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02  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

She  has  already  some  important  new  data ;  but  requests  correspondence 
with  any  and  all  who  can  and  will  assist  her. 
She  is  a  granddaughter  of  Gen.  James  Taylor,  of  Newport,  Kentucky. 


Revolutioxary  Diary  Etc.,  of  Eppa  Fielding. 

Copy  of  love  letter  written  by  Eppa  Fielding,  a  soldier  of  the  Revo- 
lution, while  stationed  at  Richmond,  to  his  sweetheart,  Mary  Bar>'e, 
of  Northumberland  county,  who  later  became  his  wife.  His  diary 
kept  1782-1783,  is  now  owned  by  their  grandson,  William  Eppa  Field- 
ing,  Esq.,  of  Arkansas. 

Richmond,  March  2,  1782. 
Most  adorable  of  thy  Sex — 

It  is  with  pleasure  &  the  greatest  Sattisfaction  that  I  em- 
brace this  happy  oppertunity  of  unfolding  my  burthened  mind  to  you 
whose  gracious  Smiles  Can  at  once  dispell  my  Gloom  of  darkness,  bless 
my  mournful  hours  with  the  hope  of  future  hapi^iess.  I  am  to  my  no 
.Small  Sattisfaction  Stationed  at  this  place  where  I  expect  to  Continue 
the  Remainder  of  my  time,  but  oh  when  I  Consider  that  amidst  my 
unequal ed  misfortunes  I  have  the  happiness  of  being  where  I  Can  with 
Safety  write  her  who  is  the  only  object,  of  my  sincerest  wish,  but  oh 
when  I  consider  the  misfortune  of  my  ncgligeant  Stars  that  So  long 
forbids  me  the  enjoyment  of  your  Sweet  Company  I  fear  lest  time  or 
absence  may  lessen  me  in  your  esteem  which  would  break  the  truest 
heart  that  ever  lov'd  &  bury  my  unhappy  Memory  in  the  deep  recesses 

of   the  unsearchable   Grave — But  enough   of  this.     Why   should 

I  accuse  you  of  what  I  have  Not  the  least  reason  to  believe.  But  my 
dearest  Jewell  Lett  fortune  frown  as  it  will  &  all  the  powers  of  nature 
Combine  Against  us  only  prove  time  Constant,  &  all  the  powers  of 
earth  &  hell  Can  never  frustrate  our  careful  Desighns. 

I  expect  to  be  down  Next  fall  in  order  to  cclebate  the  long  wished 
for  nuptials,  which  will  Constitue  me  the  most  happy  mortal  alive  & 
till  the  arrival  of  that  happy  moment  I  remain  with  the  utmost  rever- 
ence &  esteem  your  devoted  adorer  till  Death  shall  (put)  a  final  period 
to  my  unhappy  life,  or  kind  providence  shall  Dispell  my  Gloom  of 
Darkness  and  turn  my  midnight  night  into  the  brightest  day  in  the 
enjoyment  of  your  Sweet  Company. 

Eppa  Fielding. 

John  Dennic  .Fielding,  a  son  of  Eppa  Fielding,  and  Mary,  his  wife, 
was  born   November  the   i6th,  in  the  year   1785. 

Diary  of  Eppa  Fielding,  of  Lancaster  County. 

[This  itinerary  illustrates  the  march  of  the  reinforcements  sent  from 
Virginia  to  Greene,  and  the  activity  of  the  Southern  army  at  the  close 
of  the  war.] 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  93 


Manchester,  April  ye  i,  1782. 

Marching  orders  came  to  me  to  go  to  three  Diflferent  places  in  that 
day  the  i  to  Comberland  C.  house,  the  2  to  richmond,  the  3  to  Peters- 
burg wich  I  obayd.    The  10  of  April  I  marched  to  the  Suthard,  the  14 

I  Crost  Notoway  the  17;  crost  Meherrin  the  19;  crost  ronoke  to 
hallifax  in  North  Carolina;  left  Hallifax  the  28,  and  to  Tare  river,  the 
I  of  May,  which  is  50  miles.  Ine  2  crost  little  river  and  Dury's,  12 
miles;  and  the  3  to  widow  Rogers'  ferry  8  miles  on  Muse  river.  The 
6  crost  Muse  and  Crabbtree  to  Colo.  Lain's  at  Wake  Court,  10  miles; 
the  7  to  Jones,  15  miles;" the  8  to  Cape  fair  river,  17  miles;  the  9  crost 
Cape  fair  to  Augis  Mcdugle's,  3  miles ;  the  loth  to  Widow  Con  ers,  8 
miles;  the  1 1  to  Coloms  6  miles;  the  12  old  Bcllo,  15  miles;  the  13  to 
cross  Creek,  4  miles;  the  16  to  John  Toolsey,  12  miles;  the  17  to  John 
Patterson,   21    miles ;   the    18   crost   drowning   creek   at    Cole's   bridge 

21  miles;  the  19  to  Hailey's  ferry  on  Pedee.  12  miles;  the 
20  to  old  Pegees',  10  miles  in  South  Carolina.  The  22  to  Capt.  Pledges', 
15  miles,  the  2^  crost  pede  at  Culp  s  ferry,  and  to  Mr.  Williams,  15  miles ; 
the  25  to  John  Michaels,  15  miles ;  the  26  to  old  berches  on  pede,  17 
miles;  the  28  to  widow  Ports  on  pede,  17  miles;  the  29  crost  Lynches 
Creek,  and  to  Major  Jameses,  10  miles ;  the  30  to  Robin  Dick's,  8  miles ; 
the  31  to  kingtree  on  black  river,  13  miles.  June  thei,  to  Colo.  Stark's. 
on  Sante,  17  miles,  the  3  to  Canter's,  9  miles ;  the  4  crost  Sante  at  Mur- 
ry's  ferry,  and  to  Gilliard's,  12  miles;  the  5  to  Mr.  Burdose,  10  miles: 
the  7  crost  Sante  at  Murry's  ferry,  to  Colo.  Stark's,  12  miles;  the 
26  crost  Sante  at  Murry's,  and  to  Awkir,  3  miles;  the  27  to  General 
Mutres',  12  miles;  the  28  Mr.  Right's,  18  miles;  the  29  to  Bender's, 
12  miles;  the  30  to  Governor  Mattheses',  12  miles.  July  the  5,  we  were 
all  put  in  the  Infantry;  the  12  to  Mr.  butler's.  3  miles;  the  31  to  mumps 
Corner  to  *  *  *  bro.  and  to  Mr.  White's,  60  miles.  The  i  August, 
crost  Sante  at  Murry's  ferry,  to  Colo.  Stark's.  5  miles ;  the  2nd  crost 
Murry  ferrie  to  Colo.  Markum's.  7  miles ;  the  3  to  the  governor's  place, 
40  miles;  the  16  joined  our  regt.  and  marched  to  Summer's  place.  4 
miles,  the  17  to  Latson's.  The  11  of  September,  to  Latson  *  *  *  .  The 
14  of  November,  to  button  hall,  10  miles;  the  18  to  Macfcrson's,  8  miles. 
The  II  of  December  crost  Bacon's  bridge  to  Rite's  place.  12  miles;  the 
14  to  Charles  Town,  19  miles ;  the  16  to  Rite's  place,  19  miles ;  the  18 
crost  Bacon's  Bridge  to  the  Cowpens,  10  miles ;  the  19  to  Wilkerson's 
Place,  T5  miles;  the  30  to  Jackson  bunier,  7  miles.  Jan.  i,  1783,  to  Ashe- 
pie  ferr\',  8  miles ;  the  2  Salt  Cetcher  ferry,  18  miles :  the  3  to  Waxsaws. 

22  miles ;  the  5  to  Mr.  haywood's,  3  miles.     Our  command  February  the 

4  to  *  ♦  *  Shose,  15  miles;  the  5  to  Capt.  Kirkley.  37  miles;  the  6  to 
Mr.  Robberson's.  23  miles;  the  7  to  Golfin's,  20  miles;  the  8  to  Hardy, 
8  miles ;  the  9  crost  Savana  River  at  Valley  home  ferry  and  to  aGust>'. 

5  miles;  Hardises.  6  miles;  the  12  to  Collenses,  25  miles.  The  13  we 
received  an  Express  to  go  out  to  the  Congeree,  and  got  to  Mr.  Buck- 


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VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


son's,  26  miles ;  the  14  crost  the  Salt  Cetcher  river  at  Williamses  ford, 
and  to  Pickinszes,  25  miles;  the  15  to  the  widdow  Mimucker,  23  miles; 
the  16  crost  the  Salt  Cetcher  at  Orrin  Bridge,  and  crost  the  Congeree 
at  one  Cosrd's  ferry  to  the  widow  Lezeais.      *      *      ♦      *      *      *      ♦ 

July  the  20,  crost  Swift  Creek  and  fishing  Creek,  and  to  Hallifax, 
40  miles;  the  21  crost  Ronoke  and  Meherrin  at  Tickses  ford,  and  to 
Tickes,  20  miles ;  the  22  to  widow  Lameces,  10  miles. 

[On  one  page  is  a  notice  of  repair  work  of  saddles  done  for  the 
"3  Regt.  L.  D."  The  only  names  of  the  soldiers  given  are  Col.  White, 
Henry  Boyers,  Charles  Erskin  and  Jasper  Huse.] 


Ward. — Wanted  the  ancestry  of  Samuel  Ward,  born  August  20,  1721, 
or  in  1724.  Died  at  Morris  Plains,  N.  J.,  April  15,  1799.  Reared  by 
an  elder  brother  on  the  South  Branch  of  the  Potomac  river,  Virginia, 
where  the  family  went  about  1735,  and  occupied  a  free  farm  offered  by 
Governor  Gouch.  Having  secured  no  title  in  due  form,  they  were  sub- 
sequently obliged  to  vacate  the  farm  by  Lord  Fairfax,  and  Samuel 

removed  to   New.  Jersey,  and  married  first,   Elizabeth  ;  second, 

Mary  Shipman,  and  had  a  large  family. 

C.  D.  Ward, 

702  St.  Nicholas  avenue.  New  York  City. 


The  House  of  Burgesses,  1691. 

April  17,   1691.    Journal  of  the  House    of    Burgesses    of    Virginia 
Thomas  Milner  elected  Speaker,  and  Peter  Beverley,  Clerk. 


List  of  Burgesses. 


William   Randolph, 
Francis  Eps, 

Henrico   County. 
Henry  Batt, 
Robert  Bowling, 

Charles  City  County. 
Henry  Hartwell, 

James  City. 
Henry  Bray, 
William  Lewis, 

James  City  County. 
Tho.  Barber, 
Jos.  Ring, 

York  County. 
Lawrence  Smith, 
John  Smith, 

Gloucester  County. 
Arthur  Allen, 


Geo.  Mason, 
Martin  Scarlett, 

Stafford  County. 
Charles  Scarborough, 
William  Anderson, 

Accomack  County. 
John  Robins, 
Tho.  Harmanson, 

Northampton  County. 
Anthony  Lawson, 
John  Sandiford, 

Lower  Norfolk  County. 
Chr.  Robinson, 
William   Churchill, 

Middlesex  County. 
Robert  Carter, 
William  Ball, 

Lancaster  County. 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  95 

Francis  Mason,  Richard  Kenner, 

Surrey  County.  Peter  Prestly, 
Arthur  Smith,  Northumberland  County. 

Henry  Applewhite,  William  Hardidge, 

Isle  of  Wight  County.  Lawrence  Washington, 
Tho.  Milner,  Westmoreland  County. 

John  Brassier,  William  Wilson, 

Nancymond  County.  Tho.  Allonby, 
Richard  Whitaker,  Elizabeth  City  County. 

Miles  Cary,  Henry  Aubrey, 

Warwick  County.  John  Stone, 
John  West,  Rappahannock  County. 

William  Leigh, 

New  Kent  County. 

The  Clerk  Sworn. 

April  20.  Major  Arthur  Allen  having  scruples  about  being  sworn, 
the  fact  was  reported  to  the  Lieutenant-Governor.     , 

A  new  writ  ordered  for  selection  of  a  burgess  in  place  of  Mr.  Arthur 
Allen. 

April  27.  Benjamin  Harrison  sworn,  being  returned  in  place  of  Major 
Arthur  Allen. 

Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Colonial  Series,  America  and  West  In- 
dies, 1689- 1692.  Edited  by  the  Hon.  J.  W.  Fortescue.  London:  Eyre& 
Spottiswoode.     1901.     [pp.  412-413.] 

This  list  is  not  included  in  the  Colonial  Virginia  Register,  as  it  was 
not  accessible  when  that  was  compiled. 


General  Roger  Elliot,  Half  Brother  to  Gox-ernor  Alexander 
Spotswood. 

[The  Virginia  family  of  Spotswood  owned  for  several  generations 
a  fine  portrait  of  a  man  in  armor,  said,  traditionally,  to  be  a  General 
Elliott,  half  brother  to  Governor  Spotswood.  This  portrait,  together 
with  those  of  Governor  and  Mrs.  Spotswood  was  presented  by  the 
late  Mr.  John  R.  Spotswood  to  the  State  of  Virginia,  and  is  now  one 
of  the  most  interesting  pictures  in  the  State  Gallery.  Nothing  was 
known  of  General  Elliott  until  quite  recently,  when  a  descendant,  Miss 
Edith  Eliot,  of  Camberley,  England,  kindly  furnished  the  information 
given  below.  William  Elliott,  Esq.,  of  York  Buildings,  who  is  men- 
tioned, appears  to  have  been  associated  with  Governor  Spotswood  in 
his  iron  ventures.  This  William  Elliot  had  a  son,  Charles  Elliott,  who 
was  Attorney  General  of  North  Carolina,  and  died  in  1756.  (See  IV m. 
&  Mary  Quarterly,  II,  101-105).  The  "cousin,"  John  Graham,  named 
in  the  will,  came  to  Virginia  as  an  agent  for  Spotswood,  and  was  at 
one  time  a  professor  at  William  and   Mary  College.] 


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96  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Will  of  Roger  Elliott. 

This  is  the  last  will  and  testament  of  me,  Roger  Elliott,  of  Barnes, 
in  the  County  of  Surrey,  Esq  re.,  made  this  7th  day  of  March,  in  the  12th 
year  of  the  reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lady  Anne,  by  the  grace  of  God  of 
Great  Britain,  rVance  and  Ireland,  Queen,  defender  of  the  Faith,  Anno 
Domini,  1713.  First.  I  resign  my  soul  to  Almighty  God,  stedfastly 
believing  through  the  merits  of  my  Saviour,  Jesus  Christ,  to  obtain  par- 
don of  all  my  sins,  and  I  desire  to  be  buried  privately,  as  my  executors 
herein  after  named,  shall  think  fitt  and,  whereas,  I  have  intemarried 
with  Charlott,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  William  Elliott,  and  have  already 
made  provision  and  Settlement  for  her  in  case  she  shall  happen  to 
survive  me,  of  two  hundred  pounds  per  annum  in  annuities ;  now,  I  do 
hereby  further  give  unto  my  said  wife  all  my  goods,  plate  and  furniture 
of  and  in  my  house  or  tenement,  I  now  live  in,  at  Barnes,  in  the  Said 
County  of  Surry,  with  all  her  rings,  watches,  Jewells  and  other  things 
whatsoever  there. 

Item.  I  give  to  my  son,  Granvile  Elliott  and  to  his  heirs  for  ever 
all  that  my  aforesaid  messuage  or  tenement  gardens  and  lands  lying 
in  Barnes  Aforesaid,  with  the  Appertenantes  which  said  messuage  and 
premises  being  copyholds,  I  have  duly  surrendered  to  the  use  of  my 
will. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  to  my  brother,  Alexander  Spottswood,  in 
case  my  said  children  shall  dye  before  they  come  to  their  ages  of  one 
and  twenty  years,  or  unmarried,  all  the  profitts  of  my  reall  and  per- 
sonall  Estate  for  and  during  the  terme  of  his  naturall  life,  and  no 
longer,  and  from  and  after  my  said  Brother  Spottswood's  decease.  I 
give  and  devise  all  my  real  and  personall  Estate  wheresoever  and  what- 
soever to  my  very  loving  Father-in-law,  Mr.  William  Elliott,  in  York 
Buildings,  and  to  his  heirs,  executors  and  administrators  for  ever. 

I  give  to  my  cousin  John  Grahme,  twenty  pounds  to  buy  him  mourn- 
ing. 

Item.  I  give  to  my  sister,  Margaret  Andrews,  the  summe  of  three 
hundred  pounds,  and  to  my  brother,  Alexander  Spottswood,  the  sum 
of  five  hundred  pounds. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  sett  my  hand  &  seal  the  day  and 
year  first  above  written ;  and  then  published  and  declare  the  same  to 
be  my  last  will  and  testament. 

R.  Elliott. 

Signed,  Sealed,  published  and  declared  in  the  presence  of  us, 

Edward  D'Auvergne. 
Rich'd  Bowles, 
N.  Traytox. 

At  London,  March  the  Seventh,  one  thousand,  seven  hundred  and 
Thirteen  years,  I  having  made  my  will  this  day,  and  calling  to  remem- 


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(IKNEkAL    ROC.KK    KLLIOTT, 

HALF    HkOTHKK    (JP    GOVERNOR    ALKXANDKR    SPOTSNVOOD. 

(From  the  portrait  In  the  VIrjjInIa  Siate  Librtio'.) 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  97 

brance  that  there  is  a  sum  of  money  due  by  me  to  my  brother,  Col. 
Alexander  Spots  wood,  Governor  of  Virginia,  near  to,  but  not  exceeding 
two  htmdred  pounds,  I  do  hereby  acknowledge  the  debt,  seeing  there 
is  no  other  note.  Bond  or  vouchers  for  it,  and  wills  and  allows  the  «ame 
should  be  paid  him  over  and  above  what  Legacy,  &c,  he  may  be  en- 
titled to  by  my  aforesaid  will.  In  witness,  whereof,  I  have  signed  this 
day  and  place  above  written. 

This  will  was  probated  at  Somerset  House,  London,  i6  November, 
1 714,  and  copied  by  Edithe  Eliot  from  the  original. 

The  seal  was  copied,  in  the  first  instance,  by  the  Richmond  Herald 
of  Arms,  College  of  Arms,  London. 

Edithe  Eliot. 

Extracts  from  the  History  of  the  2nd  Queen's  Regiment. 
By  Col.  John  Davis,  F.  S.  A. 

Tangier  Regt.  of  Foot. 

1681.  Considerable  disturbances  appear  to  have  taken  place  amongst 
the  officers  at  the  latter  end  of  the  year,  and  after  reporting  these  dis- 
turbances. Col.  Kirk  was  ordered  to  cashier  two  Ensigns,  who  had 
fought  a  duel  (Ensigns  Pitt  and  Elliott),  John  Leily  was  appointed  to 
succeed  Elliot  as  Ensign  in  Sir.  James  Leslie's  Company. 

1682.  Ensign  Elliot,  who  had  been  discharged  from  the  service  of 
the  garrison,  in  consequence  of  a  quarrel,  proceeded  home  this  month, 
with  a  letter  from  the  governor,  recommending  him  to  the  King's  notice 
to  be  preferred  to  the  first  colours  that  should  fall  here  (i.  e.,  the 
Ensign's  commission  vacant),  as  he  had  since  his  fault  made  satisfac- 
tion by  serving  as  a  private  soldier  in  the  same  company  with  credit 
and  distinction. 

(Governor  Colonel  Percy  Kirk.) 

Officers  on  ist  October,  1682. 

Ensign  Roger  Elliot  in  Colonel  Kirk's  Regiment. 

P.  251.    R.  Elliot    Ensign  in  Sir.  James  Leslie's  Co'y. 

[R.  Elliot's  connection  with  Tangier s  is  easily  explained  as  Robert 
Spotswood,  his  step-father  is  given  in  Col.  Dalton's  Commission  Lists 
as  "Chirurgeon  to  the  garrison.] 

Extracts  from  English  Army  Lists  and  Commission  Registers. 

By  Col.   Dalton. 

Vol.  L    The  Tangier  Regt  of  Foot. 

[From  the  list  in  Col.  Davis'  History  of  the  2nd  Queen's  Regt.,  Vol. 
I,  p.  228,  extracted  from  the  Dartmouth  MSS.)     Ensign  Roger  Elliot 

Robert  Spotswood,  Chirurgeon  to  Tangier  Garrison,  3rd  Son  of  Sir 
Robert  Spottiswoode,  Knt.,  Secretary  for  Scotland. 

T 


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98  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Vol.  II.    The  Earl  of  Bath's  Regt.  of  Foot. 

November  1687.    Lieutenant  Roger  Elliot,  ist. 

Adjutant  Roger  Elliot. 

Note  9. — Roger  Elliot  was  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Steinkirk. 

Captain  of  the  Grenadier  Company  in  this  regiment  i  March,  1690. 

Major  in  do.  21  December,  1692. 

Vol.  III.    Roger  Elliot,  promoted  major  21  Dec,  1692.    Appointed 

Col.  of  a  newly  raised  Regt.  of  Foot,  5  March,  1703.  Served  in  Spain, 
and  was  promoted  Brigadier,  i  Jan.,  1707. 

Governor  of  Gibraltar  24  Dec,  1707. 

Major-General  i  Jan.,  17 10. 

Vol.  V.     Colonel  Roger  Eliot's  newly  raised  Regt.  of  Foot 

Capt.  Roger  Elliot  note. 

Served  as  Ensign  in  the  Tangier  Regt.  of  Foot  (the  2nd  Queen's)  ; 
appointed  ist  Lieut,  of  Grenadiers  in  the  Earl  of  Bath's  Regt.  of  Foot 
Capt.  of  Grenadiers  1690.  Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Steinkerk;  major 
21  Dec,  1692.  Brigr.  General  i  Jan.,  1707.  Appointed  governor  of 
Gibraltar,  24  December,  1707.    Major  G,eneral,  i  Jan.,  1710. 

Elliot  (i)  =  Catherine  Mercer  =  (2)  Robert  Spots  wood 

I  I 

Roger  Elliot,         Alexander  Spotswood, 
Governor  of  Gibralter.  Governor  of  Virginia. 

William  Elliot,  of  Wells. 


Roger  Elliot,  md.,  3d  March,  1710,        Eleanor,  md.  Sir  Gilbert  Eliott, 

Charlotte.  of  Stobbs.,    from    whom    de- 

I  scended  George  Augustus  El- 

I  iott.     first     Lord     Heathfield, 

Granville    Elliot,    b.     1712,    died  Sind  De/ender  cf  G\bra\ter. 

1759,  was  on  service  in  Germany, 

Count  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  Major-General  in  British 
Service,  Lieutenant-General  in  Elector  Palatine's  Service,  Lieutenant- 
General  in  Service  of  the  State«5,  General  of  the  Netherlands;  md. 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  Duckett  de  Hartham,  in  Wilts. 

Francis  Percival  Eliot,  of  Elmhurst  Hall,  Staffordshire,  b.  1755,  died 
i8r8.  Captain  T 4th  Foot :  Major  Staffs.  Yeo.  Cav'y  ;  Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Staffs.  Militia;  md.  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Breynton,  D.  D.,  of 
Montgomeryshire. 

1st.  William  Granville  Eliot,  of  Valebrook,  Ore..  Surrey,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  R.  H.  Artillery;  2d.  Francis  Breynton  Eliot,  Captain  40th 
Reg't;  3d.  Edward  John  Eliot.  Captain  27th  Reg't :  4th.  George  Au- 
gustus Eliot,  62d  and  103d  Reg't;  5th.  Lionel  Duckett  Eliot;  6th. 
George  Augustus  Eliot,  R.  N.;  7th.  Charles  Turberville  Eliot  The 
third  son,  Edward  John  Eliot,  md.  Margaret  James. 

Third  son,  Henry  Augustus  Eliot,  Principal  Bank  of  England,  md. 
Mary  Louisa  Sarah  Nash. 

I 

I.  Roger  Elliot;  2.  Granville  Elliot;  3.  Frank  Percival  Eliot;  4.  Ed- 
ward John  Eliot;  5.  Henry  Augustus  Eliot;  6.  Edithe  Eliot. 


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NOTES   AND  QUERIES.  99 

Major-General  Roger  Elliot  died  15th  May,  1714,  and  was  buried  in 
Barnes  Parish  Church,  23d  May,  1714.  His  death  is  referred  to  in 
Musgravt^s  Obituary,  Helps  to  History,  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Angli- 


The  William  Elliot,  of  York  Building,  you  mention  is  William  Elliot, 
of  Wells,  grandfather  of  ist  Lord  Heathfield,  and  Waggaman  is  his 
son-in-law. 

Account  of  Major  General  Roger  Elliot,  given  by  his  son  Gran- 
ville, in  the  draft  of  a  memorial  concerning  his  transfer  from  the 
Dutch  to  the  English  Service: 

"is  the  Son  of  Major  General  Elliott,  Governor  of  Gibraltar,  and 
*'Colonel  of  a  Regt  of  foot  in  Queen  Anne's  Reign;  his  father  besides 
'^having  an  unblemished  and  distinguished  character  in  his  military 
"capacity  ,  was  remarkable  for  his  Whig  Principles,  and  the  strongest 
"attachment  to  the  Protestant  Succession  in  the  House  of  Hanover. 
"An  action  by  which  he  particularly  distinguished  himself  was  the 
"Defence  of  Tongres  in  the  year  1703,  with  only  two  Battalions  for  48 
"hours  against  the  whole  French  army;  in  this  action  he  was  shot 
"through  the  Body,  and  had  a  Regt.  raised  for  him  the  winter  after. 
"When  the  Duke  of  Marborough  was  turned  out.  Major  General  Elliott 
"lost  his  Government  and  his  Regt.  for  the  sake  of  his  avowed  princi- 
"pies.  His  son  was  carefully  bred  up  in  those  same  principles,  and  has 
"ever  stedfastly  adhered  to  them." 

Rapin's  History,  Vol.  HI,  p.  613,  says:  "The  two  English  regiments 
of  Elliot  &  Portmore  made  a  gallant  defence  of  Tongres  in  May,  1703, 
but  had  to  surrender  to  the  French." 


John  Grame. — Miss  Eliot  would  be  much  obliged  for  any  information 
concerning  Mr.  John  Grame,  cousin  of  Governor  Alexander  Spots- 
wood,  especially  about  his  seal  and  will. 

Elmhurst,  Camberley,  Surrey,  England. 


Edward  Randolph. — Historical  Register:  containing  An  Impartial  Re- 
lation of  All  Translations,  Foreign  and  Domestic,  with  a  Chronologi- 
cal Diary  of  All  Remarkable  Occurrences  in  Birth's,  Marriages,  and 
Deaths,  &c. 

Vol.  14. — For  the  year  1729. 
London :   Printed  and  Sold  by  R.  Nutt,  in  the  Old  Bailey,  near  Lud- 

gate. 

Page  20— 1729— Mar.  15. 

"Captain  Edward  Randolph,  a  Virginia  Merchant,  of  London,  elected 

Elder  Brother  of  Trinity  House,  in  the  Room  of  Capt.  John  Merrj' — 

Deceased." 

[This  was  Edward,  son  of  the  first  Wm.  Randolph,  of  Turkey  Island.] 


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100  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

GENEALOGY. 


THE  BROOKE  FAMILY  OF  VIRGINIA. 
(By  Prof.  St.  George  Tucker  Brooke,  Morgan  town,  W.  Va.) 
(continued) 
Will  of  John  Brooke,  1788. 
Will  of  John  Brooke   (Essex  County  Records). 
In  the  name  of  God.    This  is  the  last  will  and  Testament  of  John 
Brooke,  Gent.    After  recommending  my  soul  to  God,  I  give  and  De- 
vise in  manner  following.     I  give  to  my  beloved  wife  one-third  part 
of  my   whole   estate   During  her   natural   life.    Item.    I   give   to   my 
son'*  Wm.  Thornton  Brooke,  all  my  lands  in  Essex  to  him  and  his 
heirs  forever,  and  in  case  of  his  death   without  such   heir,   then  to 
daughter  Ann  Brooke  to  her  and  her  heirs  forever.    Item.    My  will 
is  that  all  my  slaves  and  personal  Estate  be  equally  divided  between 
my  two  children*  William  Thornton  Brooke  and  Ann  Brooke,  at  the 
time  my  said  Daughter,  Anne  Brooke,  shall  come  of  age  or  marry, 
and   in  case  my  two   children*   Wm.    Thornton    Brooke    and    Ann 
Brooke  should  die  without  issue,  I  give  my  whole  estate  to  be  equally 
divided  between  my  three  half  brothers,  Robert  Spottswood,  William 
and  Thomas  Hipkins,  to  them  and  their  heirs  forever.     I  appoint  Wil- 
liam Thornton,  John  Rose  and  Edmund  Brooke  my  Executors  and 
guardians   to   my   children.    In    testimony    whereof   I   have   hereunto 
set  my  hand  this  28th  Day  of  June,  1787. 

John  Brooke. 
Test:    James  Nevison. 
Wm.  Waring. 

At  a  Court  continued  and  held  for  Essex  Co.  at  Tappahannock  on 
the  22nd  Day  of  April,  1788.  This  last  Will  and  Testament  of  John 
Brooke,  dec'd,  was  offered  to  proof  by  Wm.  Thornton,  one  of  the 
Executors  therein  named,  who  qualified  to  the  same  as  the  Law  directs, 
and  was  proved  by  the  oath  of  Wm.  Waring,  one  of  the  witnesses 
thereto,  which  is  ordered  to  be  certified. 

Test:    John  Smith,  D.  Clk. 

And  at  a  Court  held  for  the  said  Co.  at  the  place  aforesaid,  on 
the  i6th  day  of  June,  1788.  This  last  will  and  testament  of  John 
Brooke,  dec'd,  was  further  proved  by  the  Oath  of  James  Nevison, 
another  of  the  witnesses  thereto,  which  is  ordered  to  be  recorded. 

Test:    Hancock  Lee,  Clk. 
Truly  recorded. 

Test:    John  Smith,  D.  Clk. 

•  The  italics  are  ours.    (St.  G.  T.  B.) 


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GENEALOGY.  101 

A  division  of  the  slaves  belonging  to  the  estate  of  William  Brooke, 
dcc'd,  between  Mr.  Richard  Hipkins  in  right  of  his  wife,  and  John 
Brooke,  heir  at  law.  Lot  No.  i  to  heir  at  law.  Lot  No.  2  to  Mrs, 
Hipkins.    January  25,  1771. 

These  old  wills  would  be  competent  evidence  in  any  court  of  law 
or  equity  because  they  "came  from  the  proper  custpdy,"  and  "are  old 
enough  to  prove  themselves,"  and,  ante  litem  motam,  were  "acted 
upon;"  the  actual  fact  being  that  they  are  links  whereby  the  Brooke 
Bank  estate  has  passed  from  William  Brooke  I  (1734),  to  his  great- 
great  grandson,  William  Hill  Brooke,  who  died  about  1896,  aged  about 
75  years. 


Lineal  Descendants  of  William  Brooke  I,  and  of  His  Wife,  Sarah 
(Taliaferro)   Brooke.  * 

n.  Sarah  (i),  died  unmarried,  1767;  posthumous  son  H.  William  (2), 
m.  Ann  Benger,  dau.  Elliot  Benger  and  Dorothea  Bryan,  sister  of 
Lady  Spots  wood;  issue. 

in.  John  Brooke  (i),  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of  Col.  Francis  Thornton,  of 
King  George  Co.,  and  of  his  wife,  Sarah  Fitzhugh,  III.  William  (2), 
d.  in  infancy. 

HL  John  Brooke  (i)  and  his  wife,  Lucy  Thornton,  had  issue,  IV. 
William  Thornton  Brooke  (i)   and  IV.  Ann  Brooke  (2). 

IV.  William  Thornton  Brooke  (i),  m.  Maria  Whiting  Baylor,  and 
had  issue,  V.  Lucy  Thornton  Garnett  Brooke  (i),  m.  ist.  Col.  G.  B. 
Cooke,  had  two  children,  both  died,  m.  2nd  John  Williams,  of  Nor- 
folk, Va.,  no  issue;  V.  Alexander  Tunstall  Brooke  (2),  d.  s.  p.;  V. 
Eliza  (3),  d.  y. ;  V.  Robert  Baylor  Brooke  (4),  and  V.  a  2nd  Robert 
Baylor  Brooke  (5),  both  died  in  childhood;  V.  William  Hill 
Brooke  (6),  m.  ist  Clarissa  Jane  Lawrence,  dau.  John  Lawrence  and 
Hannah  Starling,  his  wife;  issue.  VI.  John  Lawrence  Brooke  (i),  m. 
Maria  Garnett,  no  issue;  VI.  William  Thornton  Brooke  (2),  m.  Lina 
F.  Abemathy  (issue,  VII.  Annie  Wilson  (i),  m.  Robert  Hill  Steger) 
Vn.  Gara  (2),  VII,  Fannie  (3)  VIL  Bayham  (4).  VII,  Mildred  (5), 
VII.  Betsy  Thornton  (6),  VI.  Lucy  Garnett  Brooke  (3),  m.  George 
William  Catlett  (issue,  VII.  William  Brooked),  and  VII.  Lucy 
Brooke  Catlett  (2),).  VI.  Ella  Brooke  (4),  m.  James  Hillhouse  Perry, 
U.  S.  N.,  (issue  VII.  John  Stone  Perry  (i),)  VI.  Alexander  Tunstall 
Brooke  (5),  m.  Harriet  Thornton  Catlett,  no  issue;  VI.  Roderick  Bay- 
ham  Brooke  (6),  m.  Ella  Constantia  Harrison  (issue,  VII.  Wliliam 
Hill  Thornton  Brooke  (i),  and  VII.  Amelia  Brooke  (2),)  ;  VI.  Vir- 
ginia (7),  m.  Joseph  Page  Anderson  (issue,  VII.  Margaret  (i)  ;  VII. 
Virginia  (2);  VH.  Alice  (3);  VIL  Walter  (4);  VL  Robert 
Brooke  (8),  d.  s.  p.;  VI.  Mary  Baylor  Brooke  (9) ;  VI.  Alice 
Brooke  (10),  m.  Thomas  Branch  Jackson,  no  issue. 

*Tbe  Roman  numerals  indicate  the  generations  from  William  Brooke  I,  and  the  small 
nomerals  indicate  the  parties  that  were  brothers  and  sisters. 


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102  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

V.  William  Hill  Brooke  m.  2nd  Lucy  Beverley  Catlett,  issue;  VI. 
Ellen  Bankhead  (ii),  m.  Henry  Latane  Fauntleroy  (issue,  VH.  Wil- 
liam Brooke  (i),  and  VH.  Harriet  Tunstall  Fauntleroy  (2),)  VI.  Har- 
riet Catlett  Brooke  (12)  m.  Robert  Bruce  Fauntleroy  (issue,  VH, 
Stuart  (i) ;  VH.  Clifton  (2)  ;  VH.  Ella  Perry  (3)  ;  VH.  Lucille  (4) 
Beverley  (4) ;  VIL  Virginius  (5)  )  and  VH.,  an  infant  (6)  ;  VL  An- 
nie (13),  youngest  child  of  Wm.  Hill  Brooke  and  his  2nd.  wife,  Lucy 
Catlett. 


Will  of  Humphrey  Brooke. 

Third  son  of  Robert  Brooke,  Jr.,  "Knight  of  Golden  Horseshoe." 
In  the  name  of  God.  Amen.  Humphrey  Brooke  being  very  Sick  And 
Weak,  but  of  Perfect  Sence  and  memory,  thanks  be  to  god,  do  Con- 
stitute and  ordain  this  my  last  Will  and  Testament  in  manner  and 
form  following:  Imprimis.  I  recommend  my  soul  to  Almighty  God 
in  hopes  of  a  General  Resurrection  and  my  Body  to  the  Earth  to  be 
decently  Buried  by  my  Executor  hereafter  named,  and  as  to  what 
Worldly  Estate  wherewith  it  hath  Pleased  God  to  Bless  me,  after  the 
Payment  of  my  Just  Debts  and  Funeral  Expenses,  I  dispose  thereof 
as  foUoweth,  viz: — 

Imprimus,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  my  loving  Brother  Richard 
Brooke  (i),  and  his  heirs  forever  all  my  land  in  Culpeper  County,  and 
all  my  other  Estate  both  real  and  Personal  whercT'er  it  may  be  found, 
to  him  and  his  heirs  forever. 

Item,  my  will  is  that  my  Loving  brother,  Richard  Brooke,  be  my 
Executor  of  this  my  last  Will  and  Testament. 

In  Witness  whereof  I  have  set  my  hand  and  seal  this  eleventh  day 

of  May,  1758. 

Humphrey  Brooke,   (L.  S.) 

Signed,  Sealed  &  Delivered  in  Presence  of  us : 
Hay  Talliaferro,        Thos.  Catlett, 
Catherine  Rose,         Elizabeth   Talliaferro, 

His 
Thos.  (X)  Whitlenton. 
Mark. 

At  a  Court  held  for  the  County  of  Culpeper  on  Thursday,  the  17th 
Day  of  February,  1763. 

This  last  Will  and  Testament  of  Humphrey  Brooke,  Dec'd,  was  ex- 
hibited to  the  Court  by  Richard  Brooke,  the  only  Executor  therein 
named,  and  was  partly  proved  by  the  oath  of  Hay  Talliferro,  one  of 
the  witnesses  thereto,  and  ordered  to  be  certified.  And  at  a  Court 
continued  and  held  for  the  same  County  on  Friday,  the  i8th  day  of 
March,  1763,    This  said  Will  was  fully  proved  by  the  oath  of  Eliza- 


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GENEALOGY.  103 

bcth  Talliferro,  Witness  thereto,  and  ordered  to  be  Recorded,  and 
on  the  motion  of  the  said  Executor  Certificate  is  granted  him  for 
obtaining  a  Probat  thereof  in  Due  form,  he  having  sworn  to  the  same 
and  given  Bond  and  Security  According  to  Law,  and  it  is  ordered  that 
Robert  Brooke,  Gent. (2),  Brother  &  heir  at  Law  of  the  said  Decedent 
be  summoned  to  contest  the  validity  of  the  said  Will,  if  to  him  it 
seems  expedient. 

Test:    Roger  Dixon,  CI.  Cur. 

A  copy, — Test:    W.  E.  Coons,  Clerk. 


Will  of  Robin  Brooke  (Robert  Brooke  IV),  son  of  Robert  Brooke 
III,  and  grandson  of  Robert  Brooke,  Jr.,  "Knight  of  the  Golden  Horse- 
shoe." 

1778. 

I,  Robin  Brooke,  of  the  County  of  Essex,  and  Commonwealth  of 
Virginia,  seriously  considering  the  uncertainty  of  human  life  do  whilst 
in  a  sound  state  of  body  and  mind  make  this  my  last  will  and  testa- 
ment. I  most  humbly  recommend  my  soul  to  (the)  extensive  mercy 
of  that  Eternal  Supreme  and  Intelligent  Being  who  gave  it  me,  most 
earnestly  at  the  same  time  deprecating  his  justice,  hoping  through  the 
merits  of  Jesus  Christ  to  participate  of  the  joys  of  heaven. 

Imprimis.  My  will  is  that  all  my  just  debts  be  paid  and  discharged, 
and  in  token  of  that  filial  affection  which  I  owe  to  my  beloved  father, 
Mr.  Robert  Brooke  (a)  and  mother,  Mrs.  Mary  Brooke  (b),  I  give 
and  bequeath  to  each  a  gold  ring  of  five  guineas  value. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  to  my  brothers,  Humphrey  (c)  and  Ed- 
mund Brooke  (d),  each  one  gold  ring  of  3  guineas  value. 

Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  to  each  of  my  sisters,  viz:  Mary  (e), 
Catherine  (f),  Susannah  (g),  Sarah  (h),  and  Elizabeth  Brooke  (i), 
one  bracelet  of  3  guineas  value.  And  as  to  my  estate  which  I  am 
seized  of,  interested  in  or  entitled  to,  of  every  kind  and  nature  what- 
soever,  I  lend  the   same  to  my  beloved   wife,   Mrs.   Lydia   Bushrod 

(i).  This  was  Richard  Brooke,  of  "Smitbfield,''  fourth  and  youngest  son  of  Robert 
Brooke,  Jr.,  "  Knight  of  the  Golden  Horseshoe.' ' 

(2).  Of  course,  this  Robert  Brooke  was  the  oldgsi  brother  "of  the  said  decedent,"  or 
he  would  not  have  been  "the  heir  at  law."  By  the  common  law  if  a  man  died  intestate 
and  without  children,  his  oldest  brother  was  heir  at  law,  even  though  his  father  was  still 
living ;  but  this  Humphrey's  father  died  in  1744.  This  will  proves  conclusively  that  this 
Humphrey  died  either  a  bachelor  or  a  widower  without  children  or  other  /»«^a/ descend 
ants,  because  (i)  bis  brother  Robert  would  not  have  been  **  the  heir  at  law  "  if  Humphrey 
bad  left  /iw^a/ descendants,  and  (2)  we  are  not  to  suppose  that  he  would  have  left  all  of 
*'  his  estate,  both  real  and  personal,  whereaver  found,  to  my  loving  brother,  Richard 
Brooke,"  without  mentioning  wife  or  children,  if  he  had  had  a  wife  or  children.  See  this 
magazine  October,  1902,  p.  197. 

Not  improbably  it  was  this  Humphey  Brooke,  not  Humphrey-,  of  Fauquier,  who  was 
living  in  Williamsburg  in  1752,  when  he  subscribed  for  a  copy  of  Mercer's  Code  of  Vir* 
ginia.    See  this  magazine,  January,  1902,  p.  316.    lb.  July,  1902,  p.  90. 


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104  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Brooke   (j),  during  her  widowhood,  and  in  case  she  should  marry 
again  then  1  give  or  lend  her  only  what  the  law  allows. 

Item.  At  my  wife's  death  or  in  case  she  should  marry,  I  give,  devise 
and  bequeath  all  my  estate  of  every  kind  and  nature  to  the  male  heir 
of  my  body  (k)  ;  and  in  case  of  none  such,  or  he  should  die  under  age 
or  without  issue,  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  the  personal  part  of  my 
estate  to  the  female  heir  of  my  body,  and  the  real  part  thereof  to  my 
beloved  father,  Mr.  Robert  Brooke,  and  in  case  of  no  such  female  heir 
of  my  body,  then  I  give  all  and  every  part  of  my  estate  whatsoever  to 
my  beloved  father,  Mr.  Robert  Brooke,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever, 
and  appointing  him,  my  said  father,  Robert  Beverley,  Esquire,  and 
Dr.  John  Brockenbrough  executors  of  this  my  last  will  and  testament. 
I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal  this  30th  day  of  Sept.,  in  the  year 
of  our  Lord  One  Thousand  Seven  hundred  and  seventy-eight. 

Signed  and  sealed  in  presence  of 

Robert  Brooke.     (Seal). 

At  a  Court  held  for  Essex  County  at  Tapp'a  on  the  20th  day  Sep- 
tember, 1779,  This  instrument  of  writing  purporting  (to  be)  the  last 
will  and  testament  of  Robert  Brooke  Jun'r  (1)  dec'd  was  proved  to  be 
the  handwriting  of  the  said  decedent  by  Robert  Beverley,  John  Mat- 
thews and  Richard  Rouzee,  and  being  sworn  to  by  Robert  Brooke 
3en'r,  one  of  the  executors  therein  named,  is  admitted  to  record. 

Test:    Hancock  Lee,  Cl'k. 
A  Copy — Test:    H.  Southworth,  Clerk. 


Notes  to  the  Will  of  Robin  Brooke. 

(a)  Robert  Brooke   IIL     See  his   will. 

(b)  She  was  the  daughter  of  William  Fauntleroy,  of  Richmond 
county.     See  his  will. 

(c)  He  was  Humphrey  Booth  Brooke.  See  this  mag.  Oct.,  1902, 
p.  197. 

(d)  See  this  mag.  July,  1904,  p.  108. 

(e)  Mary  married  Maj.  Daniel  B.  Duval,  of  Revolutionary  fame, 
of  Naylor's  Hole,  Essex  county. 

(f)  Catherine  married  Peter  Francisco,  of  Revolutionary  fame,  of 
Buckingham  county. 

(g)  Susannah  married  James  Vass,  late  of  Fores,  Scotland, 
(h)  Sarah  married  Jesse  Michaux. 

(i)  Elizabeth  married  Micou. 

(j)  See  the  will  of  Robert  Brooke  HL 

(k)  The  testator  evidently  did  not  know  that  two  years  earlier, 
Oct.  7,  1776,  Jefferson's  statute  had  abolished  estates  tail. 

(1)  The  Italics  are  the  Clerk's,  who  made  the  certified  copy  of  this 
will. 


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GENEALOGY.  106 

THE  BRENT  FAMILY. 

Compiled  by  W.  B.  Chilton,  Washington,  D.  C. 

(continued) 

Which  Robert  de  Brent  5  Edw.  I  (1277)  attended  that  King  into  Gas- 
cony,  as  he  did  in  most  of  his  expeditions  into  Scotland,  being  then  a 
Knight.  25  Edw.  I  (1297)  he  was  a  knight  of  the  shire  for  Somerset  at 
the  parliament  then  held  at  Westminster.  He  died  about  2  Edw.  H 
(1309)  Isabella  his  wife,  daughter  of  Simon  de  Montacute,  surviving 
him.  He  was  the  first  of  the  family  that  used  a  seal  of  his  arms,  vis:  a 
wivern,  as  it  is  now  borne,  and  has  generally  been  used  by  his  descend- 
ants. He  was  the  father  of  another  Robert,  who  was  also  a  knight  and  a 
great  benefactor  to  the  abbey  of  Glastonbury.  He  married  Garicia 
daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Adam  de  la  Ford,  of  Ford,  in  the  parish  of 
Bawdrip,  by  whom  he  had  the  manor  of  Ford,  and  other  lands  in  this 
county,  Wilts,  Hants,  and  Essex.  He  had  by  her  a  son  of  his  own 
name,  who  succeeded  him  at  Cossington,  and  also  another  son  called 
John,  who,  setting  himself  at  Charing,  in  Kent,  on  some  lands  which 
were  Sir  Adam  de  la  Ford's,  became  the  progenitor  of  a  family  which 
continued  there  with  great  dignity  for  many  generations,  and  at  last 
by  some  heir  female  had  their  possessions  in  the  time  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth transferred  to  the  family  of  Deering.^ 

Besides  these  sons,  he  had  two  daughters,  Havysia,  the  wife  of  Hugh 
de  Popham,  and  Joan,  wife  of  Thomas  Deneband.  He  was  buried 
on  the  north  side  of  the  choir  of  the  abbey  church  of  Glastonbury. 

Robert  de  Brent,  son  of  the  last  mentioned  Robert,  married  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  William  Deniband,  and  died  25  Edw.  Ill  (1357), 
being  then  succeeded  by  John  Brent,  who  married  Joan,  daughter  and 
heir  of  John  le  Eyre,  of  Middlezoy,  by  whom  he  had  a  manor  in  that 
parish  held  of  the  Lady  Stury  by  the  service  of  half  a  knight's  fee,  and 
several  other  lands  in  this  neighborhood. 

John  Brent,  of  Cossington,  son  of  John,  i  Henry  V  (1413),  was 
twice  married;  his  first  wife  was  Ida,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Beau- 
champ,  of  Lillisdon,  knt.,  by  whom  he  had  issue  Sir  Robert  Brent,  his 
successor  in  the  estate  of  Cossington,  and  Joan,  first  married  to 
Thomas  Horsey,  of  Horsey,  Esq.,  and  afterwards  to  Thomas  Trethekc. 
of  Tretheke,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  Esq.  To  his  second  wife  he 
married  Joan,  the  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Latimer,  knt.,  by  whom  he 
had  a  son  called  John. 

Sir  Robert  Brent,  his  son  by  his  former  wife,  and  heir  to  this  es- 
tate, married  Jane,  daughter  of  John  Harewell,  of  Wotton,  in  the 
county  of  Warwick,  who  survived  him  and  had  this  manor  for  her 

I  Weevers,  funeral  monuments,  go,  19  (sic). 


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106  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

dower,  which  was,  after  her  death,  together  with  the  rest  of  the 
estate,  entered  upon  by  Joan,  his  sister  and  heir  by  the  whole  blood, 
to  the  exclusion  of  John,  son  of  John  Brent  by  the  second  marriage. 
But  this  Joan  being  in  a  state  of  insanity,  the  fines  that  were  levied 
in  her  name  were  not  sufficient  to  bar  the  heir  male,  who,  after  several 
suits  at  law,  and  at  length  an  arbitration  by  John  Hody  (afterwards 
chief  justice  of  the  King's  Bench)  lo  Henry  VI  (1440),  was  ad- 
judged the  right  heir,  by  virtue  of  two  entails  made  in  the  time  of 
Edw.  II,  and  Ric.  II  (1307;  1377),  and  soon  after  this  manor  was 
again  entailed  to  this  John  Brent  and  the  heirs  of  their  body  forever. 

The  eldest  son  of  this  John  Brent  was  called  Robert,  and  married 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Hugh  Malet,  of  Currypool,  by  whom  he  had 
another  John,  who  added  to  his  estate  the  manors  of  Goodwin's 
Bower  and  West  Bagborough,  which  he  purchased  of  Thomas  God- 
wyn,  as  also  (from  his  wife  Maud,  the  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Sir 
Walter  Pouncefoot)  the  manor  of  Compton-Pouncefoot,  and  Pounce- 
foot  Hill,  all  which  descended  to  JVilliam  Brent,  their  eldest  son, 
under  age. 

Which  William  had  livery  of  his  lands  granted  him  15  Henry  VIII 
(1524),  although  he  was  not  then  twenty-one  years  old.  He  married 
a  daughter  of  Lord  Stourton,  by  whom  he  had  one  son,  Richard,  who 
died  23  Eliz.  (1558),  and  was  succeeded  by  Anne,  his  only  daughter 
and  heir,  married  to  Lord  Thomas  Poulett,  son  of  the  Marquis  of 
Winchester,  and  was  mother  of  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Giles  Hoby,  Esq., 
which  two  ladies  sold  and  squandered  away  all  the  patrimony  of  this 
ancient  family.  The  manor  of  Cossington,  with  Ford,  and  part  of 
Godwin's  Bower,  was  purchased  by  John  Brent,  the  heir  male  of  the 
family,  viz.,  son  of  Stephen,  son  of  John,  second  son  of  John  Brent 
and  Maud  Pouncefoot.  Which  John,  by  that  marriage,  was  an  officer 
under  William  Warham,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  afterwards 
under  the  treasurer  of  Calais.  It  appears  by  papers  found  at  Cos- 
sington that,  upon  the  dissolution  of  the  religious  houses,  he  was 
employed  by  the  commissioners  to  take  account  of  the  lands  and  muni- 
ments of  such  of  them  as  were  within  this  county,  particularly  of  the 
abbey  of  Clive,  to  which  he  seems  to  have  been  steward.  This  John 
was  twice  married;  his  first  wife  was  a  daughter  and  co-heir  of 
Thomas  Godwyn;  his  second  was  Mary,  granddaughter  and  sole  heir 
of  Thomas  Culpeper,  of  the  city  of  London.  He  died  in  1557,  and 
was  buried  at  Bexley,  in  the  county  of  Kent. 

Stephen  Brent,  son  of  John^  was  a  lawyer,  and  lived  at  Dorchester, 
in  a  house  that  was  his  mother's,  in  whose  right  he  had  several  other 
lands  in  that  county  and  in  Kent,  all  which  were  sold  by  his  son  John, 
upon  his  purchase  of  this  manor  of  Cossington,  an  estate  in  which 
he  seems  to  have  taken  great  delight.     This  John  died  here  in  1610, 

I  Second  son  of  John  Brent  and  Maude  Pouncefoot. 


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GENEALOGY.  107 

leaving  behind  him  a  son  of  his  own  name,  who  was  seventy-eight 
years  in  possession  of  this  manor,  and  died  A.  D.,  1692;  but  though 
twice  married,  left  no  children.  His  first  wife  was  Winifred,  daughter 
of  Sir  John  Arundel,  of  Lanheron,  in  Cornwall,  and  his  second  was 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Ludlow,  knt.  On  his  death  one  Hodges, 
a  poor  man,  then  living  near  Highgate,  was  by  Virdict  found  to  be 
grandson  of  Anne,  daughter  of  Stephen,  and  real  heir  to  the  estate, 
which  he  sold  soon  after  to  Mr.  Robert  West,  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
who  had  assisted  him  in  the  discovery  of  his  title  to  this  inheritance. 
Whence  the  manor  of  Cossington  came  to  Sir  John  Gresham,  bart., 
who  sold  it  to  Benjamin  Allen,  Esq.,  the  present  possessor. 

The  living  of  Cossington  is  rectorial,  in  the  deanery  of  Pawlett,  and 
was  in  1292  valued  at  ten  marks.  The  Rev.  Charles  Hobbs  is  pat- 
ron and  incumbent 

The  church,  which  is  dedicated  to  St  Mary,  is  of  one  pace,  with  a 
tower  at  the  west  end,  containing  a  clock  and  five  bells. 

In  the  chancel  floor  is  a  brass  plate,  whereon  are  engraved  the 
effigies  of  John  Brent,  Esq.,  who  died  Aug.  22,  1524,  and  Maud,  his 
wife,  with  an  inscription  to  their  memory;  and  on  the  north  wall 
another  inscription  to  John,  son  of  John  Brent,  Esq.,  who  died  Jan. 
24,   1691,  aged  80  years. 

From  the  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  County  of  Somerset,  by 
John  Collinson,  London.    1791.    Vol.  Ill,  p.  434-7. 

(P.  C.  C.  Bennett,  8.) 


Will  of  Robert  Brent,  Esquire,  and  Lord  of  Cosvngton,  Dated  27 
August,  1500;  Fronted  7  Non-ember,  1508. 

I  desire  to  be  buried  in  the  chancel  of  the  Church  of  the  Blessed 
Mary  of  Cosyngton. 

I  bequeath  to  the  fabric  of  the  Church  of  Bath  and  Wells  20s. 

To  the  glazing  of  the  window  in  the  tower  of  the  parish  church  of 
Cosyngton,  40s. 

I  will  that  Joan,  my  sister,  have  food  and  clothing  from  John,  my 
son  and  heir,  while  she  lives. 

I  give  to  the  prior  of  Byrkyll  2od. 

To  the  friars  Minor  of  Bridgewater,  6s.,  8d. 

To  the  poor  of  the  Blessed  Margaret  next  Taunton,  2od. 

To  Alexander  Hody,  now  rector  of  Byschford,  6s.,  8d. 

To  Richard  Mylcome,  rector  of  Cosyngton,  6s.,  8d. 

To  John,  my  son  and  heir,  my  chest. 

Residuary  Legatees  and  Executors:  Joan,  my  wife,  and  John,  my 
son.     Witnesses:    Richard  Mylcome,  John  Nett,  Jr.,  and  John  Joce. 

I  also  bequeath  to  Dom.  George  Nawll,  chaplain  of  Ford,  2od. 

To  John,  the  Hermit  of  St.  Thomas  on  Powldom.  8d. 

Proved:  7  November,  1508,  by  the  oath  of  John,  the  son,  to  whom 


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108  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

admon.  was  granted,  power  being  reserved  of  making  the  like  grant 
to  Joan,  the  widow  and   relict. 

Note:  The  foregoing  will  is  that  of  Robert  Brent,  who  married 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Hugh  Malet,  of  Currypool.  Joan,  mentioned 
in  the  will,  must  have  been  a  second  wife.  Both  Collinson  and  the 
Brent  genealogy  mention  Margaret  as  the  name  of  this  Robert  Brent's 
wife;  but  Collinson,  under  the  head  of  Currypool,  states  that  Joan 
Malet  married  Robert  Brent,  and  that  her  sister,  Margaret,  married 
John  Crewkem.  Possibly  Robert  Brent  married  first  Margaret,  the 
widow  of  Crewkern,  and  second  Joan,  her  sister. 

(P.  C  C  Bodfelde,  26.) 

The   Will   of   John    Brent,   Dated   20   Aug.,    1524. 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  chancel  of  the  church  of 
our  lady  of  Cos>Tigton,  by  Mawd,  late  my  wife. 

To  the  church  of  St.  Andrew,  in  Wells,  los. 

To  the  church  of  Cosyngton,  to  buy  a  tenor  bell,  2oli. 

To  the  church  of  Bawdrepe,  Puryton  and  Wullauyngton,  6s.,  8d 
apiece,  and  to  the  two  chantry  priests  of  Wullauyngton,  Sir  Nicholas 
Neele  and  Sir  John  Pople,  6s.,  8d. 

To  the   Friars  of  Briggewater  and   Yevilchester,  6s.,  8d.   severally. 

To  the  Spetilhouses  of  Taunton,  Brewton,  Lamport  and  Bath,  3s., 
4d.   severally. 

To  all  my  servants,  men  and  women,  dwelling  with  me  in  my  house- 
hold, on  the  day  of  my  death,  a  year's  wages. 

To  Richard  Brent,  my  son,  200  marks. 

To   Barbara,   my   daughter,   200  marks. 

To  Thomasyn,  my  daughter,  200  marks. 

If  any  of  my  children  die  within  the  age  of  16  years  not  married, 
the  portion  of  the  child  so  dying  shall  be  divided  among  the  survi- 
vors. If  all  my  children  thus  die,  their  portions  shall  be  put  into  lands, 
to  found  a  perpetual  chantry  in  the  church  of  Cosington,  and  my  will 
is,  if  it  could  be  done,  that  the  chantry  of  the  Forde  should  be  parcel 
of  the  perpetuity  in  Cosyngton  church.  The  residue  of  my  goods  I 
give  to  William  Brent  and  Richard  Brent,  my  sons,  to  be  equally  di- 
vided among  them  by  the  advice  of  Bawdon  Mallett,  William  Vowell, 
John  Poxwell,  clerk,  and  Sir  Thomas  Keove;  and  I  make  my  said 
sons  my  ex'ors,  and  Sir  John  Poxwell,  parson  of  Cosyngton,  and  Sir 
Thomas  Keove,  one  of  the  chantry  preests  of  Wullavvmgton,  their 
coadjutors. 

To  my  sister,  Agnes,  a  nun  at  Shaftsbury,  I  give  61i.,  13s.,  4^- 

To  my  cousin,  Mary  Paulett,  an  ambling  horse  named  Symon. 


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GENEALOGY.  109 

Witnesses:    John   Powlett;  John   Pokiswell,  clerk,   Thomas   Kcwe, 
William  Broke,  Richard  Pery  and  John  Mors. 
Proved  IS  Oct.,  1524,  by  Richard  Feld,  proctor  for  the  ex'ors. 

(P.   C.   C.   Rudd,  22.) 

The  Will  of  Giles  Brent,  of  Honesbrooke,  in  the  Parish  of  Wym- 
BORNE  Mynster,  Co.  Dorset,  Gent.,  Dated  3  June,  12  James  I. 

I  give  to  the  parish  church  of  Wymborne  Mynster  20s. 

To  the  poor,  20s. 

I  give  the  use  of  my  farm  of  Hunnesbrooke  to  my  wife  Anne  for 
21  years;  and  to  my  said  wife  and  to  Thomas,  Giles,  Edward,  Pene- 
lope and  Dorothy  Brent,  my  children,  all  my  goods  equally  among 
them. 

To  Grace  Brent,  my  daughter,  a  feather  bed  and  bolster. 

I  will  that  my  son,  John,  shall  pay  to  Giles,  Penelope  and  Dorothy 
Brent,  2oli.  by  the  year  out  of  the  farm  of  Burford,  for  the  time  of 
the  lease  of  21  years. 

Ex'ors:    my  wife  Anne,  and  son  Thomas. 

Overseers:  my  friends  Edward  Woodes  and  Thomas  Thornehill, 
gent. 

The  mark  of  Giles  Brent:  Witnesses:  Edward  Wood,  John  Brent. 
Proved  4  March,  i6i4-'5,  by  Thomas  Brent,  executor,  with  power  re- 
served, &c. 

Note — Giles  Brent,  the  maker  of  the  foregoing  will,  was  the  son  of 
Richard  Brent,  and  the  grandson  of  John  Brent  and  Maud  Pounce- 
foot. 

(P.  C.  C  Grey,  109.) 

The  Noncupative  Will  of  John  Brent,  of  Hennvbrooke,  in  the 

Parish  of  Wimborne  Minster,  Co.  Dorset,  Gent.,  Made 

About  26  January,  i 650-1. 

He  declared  he  would  give  to  his  daughter,  Mary  Brent,  200/f.,  hav- 
ing given  her  that  sum  in  a  will  he  had  lately  cancelled.  The  rest 
of  his  estate,  as  also  the  lease  of  his  tenements  in  Hennybrook,  which 
was  to  be  holden  after  his  decease  by  the  life  of  one  Ann  Hardy,  he 
gave  to  his  wife,  Katherine  Brent,  for  the  benefit  of  herself  and  chil- 
dren. 

Made  in  the  presence  of  divers  good  and  credible  witnesses  10  June, 
1651,  commission  issued  to  Katherine  Brent,  the  relict  of  deceased, 
to  administer  according  to  the  above  will. 

Note — ^John  Brent,  making  the  foregoing  will,  was  probably  the  son 
of  Giles  Brent,  maker  of  the  will  immediately  preceding. 

(P.  C.  C.  Administration  Act  Book  1611-14,  folio  152.) 

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110  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

John  Brent. 

II  June,  1614.  Commission  issued  to  Thomas  Parsons,  one  of  the 
creditors  of  John  Brent,  late  of  Cosyngton,  Co.  Somerset,  deceased, 
to  administer  the  goods,  &c.,  of  the  said  deceased. 

(P.  C.  C.  Arundel,  39.) 

The  Will  of  Stephen   Brent,  of  Dorchester,   Co.  Dorset,  Dated 

31  May,  1580. 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried,  if  I  happen  to  die  in  Dorset,  by 
my  father-in-law,  Christopher  Hole,  and  Dorothy,  his  wife. 

I  give  to  the  church  of  St.  Peter,  in  Dorsettshire,  6s.,  8d.,  and  to  the 
churches  of  Holy  Trinity  &  Allhallows  there,  3s.,  4d.  each. 

To  John  Coxe,  my  man,  40s. 

To  my  brother  Gyles,  my  signet  that  I  do  use  to  wear. 

To  my  brother  John,  20s. 

If  my  mother  be  living  at  my  death,  I  give  her  3/1.,  to  buy  a  gown 
with. 

To  my  daughter,  Grace,  towards  her  preferment  in  marriage,  ioo/»., 
and  the  gilt  cup  my  father-in-law  did  use  to  drink  in,  at  her  mar- 
riage or  age  of  20. 

To  my  daughter,  Anne,  loo/i.,  and  the  great  white  silver  cup  I 
do  use  to  drink  in.  And  if  my  farm  of  Haydon  or  Islington  fall  into 
my  wife's  hands  before  they  be  married,  my  request  is  she  give  them 
each  lOo/i.  more. 

Whereas,  I  have  bought  a  tenement  in  Bere  Regis  unto  my  son, 
John,  and  daughter,  Anne,  jointly,  and  a  tenement  in  Horsey,  Co. 
Somerset,  to  my  daughters,  Grace  and  Anne.  I  will  my  daughter 
Anne  shall  not  claim  the  moiety  thereof  until  after  their  several 
deaths. 

I  give  to  my  wife  my  lease  of  the  farm  of  Haydon,  for  life,  the  resi- 
due to  my  son,  John. 

To  my  son,  John,  my  great  best  standing  cup  of  silver  gilt,  at  his 
age  of  21. 

The  residue  of  my  goods  I  give  to  my  wife,  Margaret,  and  son, 
John,  whom  I  make  my  executors;  and  I  appoint  as  overseers  of  my 
will,  my  uncle,  William  H.vmerford,  clerk,  Thomas  Tubervile  and 
George  Tyllen,  Esquires,  and  my  brother,  Gyles  Brent,  gent. 

Per  me,  Stephen   Brent. 

Witnessed  per  me,  Guilielmum  Hemerfordum,  Richard  Eare,  by  me, 
Roger  Baxley. 

Proved  Oct.  31,  1580,  by  Margaret  Brent,  the  relict,  with  power 
reserved,  &c. 

(P.  C.  C.  Admon  Act  Book,  1692.    February  R,  32.) 


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EFFIGIES  IK  COSSINGTON  CHURCH. 

JOHN  HkE^rT  and  hts  wifk  maude, 
(Frona  nibblDge  ftuai  the  bmsaea,) 


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GENEALOGY.  Ill 


John  Brent^  Esquire. 


On  the  nth  day  a  commission  was  issued  to  Mary  Brent,  Widow, 
relict  of  John  Brent,  late  of  Cossington,  in  the  County  of  Somerset 
Esquire,  deceased,  to  have  and  administer  the  goods,  credits  and  chat- 
tels of  the  said  deceased,  well,  etc. 

Inscription  Surrounding  Memorial  Brasses  on  Tomb  of  John  Brent 
AND  His  Wife  ..of  Cossington  ..St.  Mary's  Church 
"Here  Under  Thys  Stone  Lyeth  the  Bodys  of  John  Brent, 
Esq'r,  Late  Lord  of  this  Maner  of  Cosyngton,  and  Mawdb 

His  Wyfe — ^the  Eldest  Daught  and  Hayre  of  Syr  Water  Pansfote, 

Our  Lord  God  McCCCC,  on  Whose   Soules  and  all  Crysten 

Solves  Jhu  Ha\'e  Mercy." 

Inscription  in  Cossington  Church  to  the  Memory  of  John  Brent, 
Who  Died  January  24,  1691. 

"In  memory  of  /  John  Brent,  Esqr.,  was  this  monument  erected.  . 
He  was  Lord  of  this  Manner  of  Cosington  78  years  /  and  from 
the  ace  of  14  was  marked  to  Winifed,  Daw'ter  of  John  Arundel, 
Esqr.,  of  Clanhern,  in  Cornell  ..He  lived  with  her  12  years  /  .. 
After  her  death  marked  Mary,  dau'ter  of  Sir  Henry  Ludlow,  Knt., 

of  Maiden  Braley In  ye  county  of  Will'ts.     He  li\^ed  with 

her  /44  years  and  departed  this  life  Jan.  ye  24TH,  1691.    Aged  80.'* 

The  memorial  to  John  Brent,  who  died  24  January,  1691,  is  on  the 
south  wall,  not  the  north  wall,  as  stated  by  CoIIinson.  There  are  two 
shields  in  the  tablet;  in  the  first,  gules  a  wivem;  in  the  second,  sable, 
6  martels,  three,  two  and  one  argent  impaling  argent  a  chevron  be- 
tween three  animals    (horses?),  heads  erased  sable. 

In  the  parish  register  is  recorded  in  Latin  the  burial  of  John  Brent, 
Armiger,  January  24,   169 1. 

Cossington  is  situated  about  five  miles  north  of  Bridgewater,  ad- 
joining Chilton  on  the  west,  and  derives  its  name  from  the  moors 
whereon  it  is  situated,  "Cors,"  in  the  British  language,  signifying  a 
marsh  or  moorish  place,  and  "ton**  in  Saxon,  a  small  town  or  en- 
closure. It  is  a  compact  village,  most  of  the  houses,  which  are  about 
thirty  in  number,  standing  near  the  church.  The  poor  are  chiefly  em- 
ployed in  cutting  turf  on  the  moors  for  sale.  The  cottages  are  in 
many  cases  almost  hidden  from  view  by  the  fine  old  trees.  One,  a 
venerable  patriarch  of  the  forest,  is  surrounded  by  a  low  circular  wall. 
There  is  a  tradition  that  from  its  branches  many  of  the  unfortunate 
adherents  of  Monmouth  were  hanged. 

Cossington  manor  is  a  fine  old  house,  and  must  have  been  built 
about  the  end  of  the  eleventh  centur>',  as  services  were  held  in  it  before 
the  church  was  built.     The  house  stands  behind  the  church,  which  is 


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112  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

distant  only  a  few  feet,  and  is  part  of  the  manor.  Mr.  Edward  Brod- 
erip  is  the  present  Lord  of  the  Manor,  and  Mr.  F.  Couper  Townson, 
the  Rector  of  the  parish.  The  interior  of  the  church  and  of  the  manor 
house  have  been  modernized.  The  Rectory  is  on  the  opposite  sid: 
of  the  road,  and  here  resided  for  many  years  John  Somervillc  Brod- 
erip,  whose  wife  was  the  gifted  authoress,  Fanny  Hood,  only  daughter 
of  the  writer  of  the  "Song  of  the  Shirt"  and  the  "Bridge  of  Sighs." 

The  following  additional  notes  are  also  taken  from  Collinson's  His- 
tory of  Somerset: 

Laverton.  Against  the  fourth  wall  is  a  handsome  monument  of 
stone  "To  the  memory  of  John,  eldest  son  of  John  Yerbury,  of  Frome, 
in  this  County,  Gent,  by  Mary,  his  wife,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of 
John  6 rent,  of  Winborne,  in  the  County  of  Dorset,  Esqr.  He  mar- 
ried Joan  Ralins,  of  this  place,  and  died  July  i,  1691,  aged  25."  Arms 
of  Yerbury  and  Brent  (the  Wivern). 

CurrypooL  Hugh  Malet,  son  of  Baldwin  Malet,  by  Anne  Lysse,  was 
Lord  of  CurrvT)ool.  His  daughter,  Joan,  married  Robert  Brent. 
Another  daughter,  Margaret,  married  John  Crewkern. 

Stoke  Courcy.  Margaret,  daughter  of  William  de  Courcy,  2  Henry 
HI  (1218),  and  widow  of  Baldwin  de  Redvers,  married  Falk  de  Brent, 

a   Norman  by  birth The   said   Falk   de  Brent,  the  builder 

of  this  castle,  was  sentenced,  9  Henry  HI  (1225),  to  abjure  the  realm 
forever,  but  died   soon   after. 

Among  list  of  those  to  whom  lands  were  granted  at  the  time  of  the 
Norman  Conquest  was  Odo  Fitz-Gamclin. 

William  Malet  was  a  Baron  in  the  time  of  Henry  H. 
Among  the  principal  possessors  of  land  in  Somerset  in  the  time  of 
Edward  I   (1272-1307)  : 

William  de  Vernai, 
William  de  Popham, 
Hugh  de  Popham, 
Robert  de  Brent. 

(to  be  continued) 


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THE    RECTORY,  COSSINGTON. 


COSSINGTON    LODGE. 


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V     ^ 


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PUBUCATIONS  OF  THE  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


''G>Uections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  New  Series.  Edited 
by  R.  A.  Brock,  Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society, 
(Seal)  Richmond,  Va.  Published  by  the  Society.''  Eleven  annual 
volumes,  uniform.  8vo.,  cloth,  issued  1882-92,  carefully  indexed,  as 
follows: 

The  Ofiidal  Letters  of  Alexander  Spotswood,  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
the  Colony  of  Virginia,  1710- 1722.  Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.  •  Vols.  I  and  IL 

Two  Volnmcs.    Portrait  and  Arms,    pp  xxi>i79  and  vii-368.  8  00 

The  Official  Records  of  Robert  Dinwiddle,  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the 
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script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volames.   pp.  lzix-538  and  xviii-768.    Portraits,  /ac-simile  of  letters  of  presentation 
from  W.  W.  Corcoran,  cnt  ot  Mace  of  Borough  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  reproduction  of  the 
Map  of  Virginia,  Maryland,  Delaware  and  Pennsylvania,  engraved  iSor  Jefferson's  Notes 
•a  Virginia,  itS;.  <  60 

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dix of  Genealogies,  presenting  data  of  the  Fontaine,  Maury,  Dupuy, 
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Pages  xxi-247.    Contains  /ac-ssmile  of  plan  of  "King  William's  Town."  t  M 

Miscellaneous  Papers,  1672-1865.  Now  first  printed  from  the  manuscript 
in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  Comprising 
Charter  of  the  Royal  African  Co.,  1672;  Report  on  the  Huguenot  • 

Settlement  1700;  Papers  of  George  Gilmer  of  'Ten  Park,"  1775-78; 
Orderly  Book  of  Capt  George  Stubblefield,  1776;  Career  of  the 
Iron-clad  Virginia,  1862;  Memorial  of  Johnson's  Island,  1862-4;  Beale's 
Cav.  Brigade  Parole,  1865. 
Pages  ▼iii-374.  t  W 

Abstract  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Company  of  London,  1619- 
1624,  Prepared  from  the  Records  in  the  Library  of  Congress  by 
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Two  volames.    Pages  xlvii-ai8  and  500.    The  introduction  contains  a  valuable  criUcal 

•Bsay  on  the  sources  of  information  for  the  student  of  Virginia  History.  ft  OO 

The  History  of  the  Virginia  Federal  Convention  of  1788,  with  some  ac- 
count of  the  Eminent  Virginians  of  that  era  who  were  members  of 
the  Body,  by  Hugh  Blair  Grigsby,  LL.  D.,  with  a  Biographical 
Sketch  of  the  Author  and  illustrative  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  vohimcs.    Pages  xxvii-jTs  aiid-4ii.  5  00 

Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  at  the  Annual  Meeting 
held  December  21-23, 1891,  with  Historical  Papers  read  on  the  oc- 
casion and  others. 
Pages  xiz-386.    Contains  papers  on  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence  and  the 
Can  for  the  First  Coagrr^i;  Historical  ElcmenU  in  Virginia  Bdocation  and  Utermry 
Eflbrt ;  Notes  00  Recent  Work  fai  Soathem  History;  Andent  Epitaphs  and  Descriptions 
in  York  and  James  Citj  Cwmtica,  Washington's  First  Election  to  Uie  House  of  Bnigcases; 
Smithfield  Church,  built  in  i^,  Mdmond's  FhM  Academf ;  FacU  from  the  Accomac 
Coonty  Rtcofdt,  Rdatfang  to  Bacon's  RebdUoo ;  Thomas  Hansford,  lint  If artyr  to  Amcri- 
caa  Liberty ;  Journal  of  Captain  Charies  Lewis  in  Washington's  Expedition  against  the 
Pknnch  in  1735:  Ordcriy  Books  of  Ifi^orWaLHcntli    ^,  and  Capt.  Robcft  Gamble,  1779^  j 

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CATALOGUE  OF  THE  MANUSCRIPTS  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virsinia  Hittorical  Society 
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manuscripts  in  the  collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.    80  pp.,  paper.    Richmond,  1993. 

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The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  Edited  to  October 
ist,  1898,  by  Philip  A.  Bruce,  and  since  that  date  by  William  G.  Stanard, 
Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society,  (Seal).  Pub- 
lished Quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  Richmond,  Va. 
House  of  the  Society,  No.  707  Elast  Franklin  St. 

VOLUMB  I— OcUVO,  pp.  484-viii-XXVi-XXXli. 

Contains  cut  of  the  Society's  Building,  accounu  of  the  proceedini^  and  transactions  ol 
the  Society  for  the  year  1893,  and  many  exceedingly  valuable,  original  historical  documents 
and  papers  which  have  never  before  appeared  in  print.  Among  others  may  be  mentioned, 
Discourse  of  the  London  Company  on  its  administration  of  Virginia  atibirs,  1607-1624; 
Abstracts  of  Colonial  Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  beginning  in  1634, 
with  full  genealogical  notes  and  an  extended  Genealogy  of  the  Claiborne  Family ;  The 
Mutiny  in  Virginia  in  1635 ;  Samuel  Matthew's  Letter  and  Sir  John  Harvey's  Declaration ; 
Speech  of  Governor  Berkeley  and  Declaration  of  the  Assembly  with  reference  to  the  change 
•of  Government  in  England  snd  the  passage  of  the  First  Navigation  Act  of  1651 ;  Petition 
<«f  the  Planters  of  Virginia  and  Maryland  in  opposition  to  the  Navigation  Act  of  x66i 
'peon's  Rebellion,  1676;  His  three  proclamations,  Letters  of  Sherwood  and  LudMrell,  Pro- 
posals of  Smith  and  Ludwell,  and  Thomas  Bacon's  Petition ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh 
(1650-1701),  a  Leading  Lawyer  and  Planter  of  Virginia,  with  a  genealogical  account  of  the 
Fitzhughs  in  England ;  Lists  of  Public  Officers  in  the  various  Counties  in  Virginia  late  in 
the  17th  and  early  in  the  i8th  centuries ;  Roster  of  Soldiers  in  the  French  and  Indian  Wars 
nnder  Colonel  Washmgton ;  Officers,  Seamen  and  Marines  in  the  Virginia  Navy  of  the 
Revolution ;  Roll  of  the  4th  Virginia  Regiment  in  the  Revolution ;  Diary  of  Captain  John 
Davis  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  in  the  Vorktown  Campaign ;  General  George  Rogers 
Clark,— Ron  of  the  Illinois  and  Crockett's  RegimenU  and  the  Expedition  to  Vincennes;. 
Department  of  "  Historical  Notes  and  Queries,"  containing  contributions  by  Hon.  Wm. 
Wirt  Henry,  and  many  other  items  of  value ;  Department  of  "  Book  Reviews ; "  A  full 
Index.  h  •• 

VOLUMB  II— OcUVO,  pp.  483-ii-XXiv. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of  the  Society  for  the 
year  1894,  and  the  folk>wing  list  of  articles  copied  from  the  original  documents :  Report 
of  Governor  and  Council  on  the  Condition  of  AffiiUrs  in  Virginia  in  x6a6 ;  AbstracU  of  Col- 
onial Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  with  full  genealogical  notes  and 
extended  eneaIo«ies  of  the  Fleet,  Robins  and  Thoroughgood  Families;  Reports  of  Griev- 
ances by  the  Counties  of  Virginia  after  the  suppression  of  Bacon's  Insurrection ;  A  fbll  hit- 
lory  of  the  First  Legislative  Assembly  ever  held  in  America  (that  in  1619  at  Jamestown), 
written  by  Hon.  Wm.  Wirt  Henry ;  The  conduding  list  of  Virginia  Sokliers  engaged  in 
the  French  and  Indian  Wars ;  The  opening  lists  of  the  Virginia  Officers  and  Men  in  the 
Continental  Line,  compiled  fix>m  official  sources ;  A  valuable  account  of  the  Indian  Wan 
in  AugnsU  County,  by  Mr.  Joseph  A.  Waddell,  with  the  lists  of  the  killed  and  wounded ; 
Instructions  to  Governor  Veardley  in  1618  and  i6a6,  and  to  Governor  Berkeley  in  1641 ;  Let> 
ters  of  William  Fitzhugh  continued,  with  fuU  genealogical  notes;  The  WiU  of  WiUiam 
Fitzhugh;  A  complete  List  of  Public  Officers  in  Virginia  in  1703  and  1714;  Valuable  ac- 
count of  Horse  Racing  in  Virginia,  by  Mr.  Wm.  G.  Stanard ;  The  first  instalment  of  an 
article  on  Robert  Beverley  and  his  DcscendanU;  Wills  of  Richard  Kemp  and  Rev.  John 
Lawrence,  both  bearing  the  date  of  the  xTth  century ;  Short  Biographies  of  all  the  members 
of  the  Virginia  Hiatorical'Sodety  who  died  in  the  course  of  1894  i  An  elaborate  Genealogy 
of  the  Floumoy  Family,  throwing  light  on  the  Huguenot  Emigration ;  Department  of^His- 

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torical  Notes  and  Queries,  containing  many  valuable  short  historical  papers  and  also  Gene- 
alogical cootributioos,  among  which  the  Carr  and  Landon  Genealogies  are  of  special 
interest ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  critical  articles  by  well  known  historical 
■cbolars.    Volume  II,  like  Volume  I,  has  been  thoroughly  indexed.  6  00 

VoLiTMB  III— OcUvo,  pp.  46o-ii-zzviii. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Society  for  the  year  1895,  and  the  follow- 
ing list  of  articles  copied  from  original  documents :  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  con- 
tinned;  Instructions  to  Berkeley,  1663;  Virginia  under  Governors  Harvey  and  Gooch; 
Causes  of  Discontent  leading  to  the  Insurrection  of  1666  under  Bacon ;  Will  of  Benjamin 
Harrison  the  Elder;  Culpeper's  Report  on  Virginia  in  1683 ;  Defense  of  Col.  Edward  Hill ; 
A  series  of  Colonial  letters  written  by  William  Byrd,  Jr.,  Thomas  Ludwell,  Robert  Carter, 
Richard  Lee,  and  Sir  John  Randolph ;  Decisions  of  the  General  Court  of  Virginia,  i6a6- 
161B,  first  insuhnent ;  Indictment  of  Governor  Nicholson  by  the  leading  members  of  his 
Council;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents,  extending  to  1635,  with  full  genealogical 
notes;  A  History  of  Robert  Beverley  and  his  Descendants,  with  interesting  Wills  and  new 
matter  obtained  from  England ;  Genealogies  of  the  Floumoy,  Cocke,  Carr,  Todd  and  Chap- 
pdl  Families ;  Voluminous  Historical  Notes  and  Queries  of  extraordinary  original  value, 
relating  to  a  great  variety  of  subjects ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  articles 
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VoLUMB  IV— Octavo,  pp  493-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  Contents :  A  Marriage  Agreement  between  John 
Cnstis  and  bis  wife ;  A  Perswasive  to  Towns  and  Cohabitation  by  Rev.  Francis  Mackemie 
170s;  Abstracu  of  Virginia  Land  Patents  for  1635-6;  Army  Supplies  in  the  Revolution, 
Series  of  original  letters  by  Judge  Innes;  Attacks  by  the  Dutch  on  Virginia  Fleet,  1667  ; 
loundary  Line  Proceedings,  for  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  1710.;  Charges  against  Spots- 
wood  by  House  of  Burgess  17 19 ;  Council  Proceedings,  1716-1717;  Decisions  of  Virginia 
General  Court,  i6a6-38  Continued  ;  Defence  of  Colonel  Edward  Hill  Continued  Depositions 
of  Revolutionary  Soldiers  from  County  records ;  Early  SpoUylvania  Marriage  Licenses; 
Genealogy— Cocke,  Floumoy,  Trabue,  Jones,  and  Rootes  Families;  Historical  Notes  and 
Queries ;  A  iiill  list  of  House  of  Burgesses,  1766  to  1775 ;  Instructions  to  Governor  Francis 
Nicholson ;  Letter  and  Proclamation  of  Argall ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ;  Narrative  of 
Bacon's  Rebellion  by  the  English  Commissioners ;  full  abstracts  of  Northampton  County 
Records  in  17th  Century ;  Ordeal  of  Touch  in  Colonial  Virginia  ;  Patent  of  Auditor  and 
Snrveyor-General ;  Prince  George  County  Records  with  much  information  as  to  its  &milies ; 
Proceedings  of  Visitors  of  William  and  Mary  College,  1716;  A  list  of  Shareholders  in  Lon- 
don Company,  1783 ;  also  of  Slave  Owners  in  Spotsylvania  County,  1783 ;  Virginia  Tobacco 
In  Russia  in  17th  Century.    Volume  IV  has  a  full  index.  6  00 

VoLims  V— Octavo,  pp.  47»-i-xxiii. 

ConUins  the  following  general  list  of  Contenu :  AbstracU  of  Virginia  Land  Patents, 
1636;  and  Patents  and  Grants,  1769;  Rappahannock  and  Isle  of  Wight  Wills.  17th  Century ; 
Government  of  Virginia,  1666 ;  Bacon's  Men  in  Surry ;  and  List  of  Persons  Suffering  by  the 
Rebellion;  Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  17 10;  Carter  Papers;  Case  of  Anthony  Penton; 
Colooial  and  Revolutionary  Letters,  Miscellaneous ;  Eariy  Episcopacy  in  Accomac ;  Depo- 
ritions  of  Continental  Soldiers ;  Families  of  Lower  Norfolk  and  Princess  Anne  Counties ; 
Genealogy  of  the  (^ke,  Godwin,  Walke,  Moseley,  Markham,  'Carr,  Hughes,  Winston, 
Calvert,  Parker  and  Brockenbrough  Families;  General  Court  Decisions,  1640, 1641, 1666; 
Memoranda  Relating  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  1685-91 ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell  in  Yam- 
wswrr  War ;  Letters  of  Lafayette  in  Vorktown  Campaign ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh ; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams,  X769>7i ;  Public  Officers,  1781 ;  Northampton  County  Records, 
17th  Century:  List,  Oath  and  Duties  of  Viewers  of  Tobacco  Crop,  1639:  Petition  of  John 
Mercer  Respecting  Marboro  Town ;  Price  Listo  and  Diary  of  Colonel  Fleming,  1788-98 ; 
Abstract  of  Title  to  Greenspring ;  Tithables  of  Lancaster  Conn  y,  17th  Century ;  The  Me- 
herrin  Indians;  The  Trial  of  Criminal  Cases  in  i8th  Century.    Volume  V  has  a  full  index <         6  00 

VoLiTMB  VI— Octavo,  pp.  4y3-iv-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents:  The  Aca^lians  in  Virginia; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell ;  Vindication  of  Sir  William  Berk- 
eley ;  Will  of  Mrs.  Mary  Willing  Byrd ;  Inventory  of  Robert  Carter ;  Virginia  Society  of 
the  Cincianati ;  Epitaphs  at  Brandon ;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Jacobitism  in 
Virginia;  AbstimcUof  Virginia  Land  Patents;  Letters  of  La&yette;  A  New  Clue  to  the 
Lee  Ancestry;  Letters  of  General  Henry  Lee;  Sir  Thomas  Smythe's  Reply  to  Bargravc; 
Vlfginia  ia  160, 1603-4,  and  177 1 ;  Virginia  Borrowing  from  Spain ;  The  Viivinia  Company 
and  th«  House  of  Commons ;  Virginia  Militia  In  the  Revolution ;  Washington's  Capitn- 
lat  Port  Necessity;  Election  of  Washington  (Poll  List),  1758;  Burning  of  William 
Mary  College,  1705;  Reminiscences  of  Western  Virginia,  1770-90,  &c.,  &c.,  &c, 


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VoLUMX  VII— Octavo,  pp.  476-iv-xlx. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents:  An  Additional  Chapter  to 
Waddeirs  History  of  Augusta  County ;  Augusta  County  Marriage  Licenses,  1749-73 ;  In- 
ventory of  Estate  of  Hon.  Robert  Carter:  Extracts  from  Register  of  Famham  F^suish, 
Richmond  County,  Va.;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Indians  of  Southern  Vir- 
ginia, 1650-17x1 ;  John  Paul  Jones,  as  a  Citizen  of  Virginia ;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land 
Patento ;  The  Case  of  Captain  John  Martin ;  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of 
Governor  Nicholson  and  to  the  Founding  of  William  and  Mary  College ;  Richmond  During 
the  War  of  i8ia ;  Virginia  Census  of  1624-5 :  Virginia  in  1624-30— Abstracts  and  Copies 
rom  the  English  Public  Records ;  Virginia  Game  and  Field  Sports,  1759:  Virginia  Militia 
in  the  Revolution ;  Unpublished  Letters  of  Washington ;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes  and 
Queries,  &c.,  with  a  fuU  index.  $  M 

VOLUMB  VIII— Octavo,  pp.  48x-iv-xxvii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents :  The  Indians  of  Southern  Vir- 
ginia ;  The  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  Boundary  Line,  1711 ;  Inventory  of  Lord  Pairfiui ; 
Letters  from  Mrs.  Ralph  Izard  to  Mrs.  Wm.  Lee ;  Virginia  in  1631-35,  from  English  Public 
Records :  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of  Governor  Nicholson  and  to  the  Found- 
ing of  William  and  Mary  College ;  Notes  from  the  Council  and  General  Court  Records,  1641- 
77 ;  Unpublished  Letters  of  Jefierson ;  Extracts  from  Virginia  County  Records ;  Letters  of 
Harrison  Gray  and  Harrison  Gray,  Jr.;  Members  of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  Lists ;  Militia 
Companies  of  Augusta  county,  1742 ;  Petitions  of  Virginia  Towns  for  Establishment  of 
Branches  of  the  United  States  Bank,  1791 ;  Virginia  Newspaperi  in  Public  Libraries ;  Life 
of  General  Joseph  Martin ;  Register  of  St.  Paul's  Parish,  King  George  county ;  Proceedings 
of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  i6-«2-i66i ;  Delegates  from  Kanawha ;  Tercentenary  of  James- 
town ;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution ;  Wills,  EpiUphs,  Genealogies,  Notes  and  Queries, 
Book  Reviews,  £cc.,  with  a  full  index.  ft  M 

VoLUMB  JX— Octavo,  pp.  480-iv-xx. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents :  Virginia  Newspapers  in  Pub- 
lic Libraries:  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of  Governor  Nicholson  and  the 
Pounding  of  William  and  Mary  College :  Virginia  in  1636-38,  from  the  English  Public  Re- 
cord Office ;  Notes  from  the  Council  and  General  Court  Records,  1641-1678 ;  Virginia  As- 
sembly of  1641 ;  Selections  from  the  Campbell  Papers :  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution ; 
Will  of  William  Byrd,  3d:  Eastern  Shore  History:  Letters  of  William  Byrd,  ad:  Henry 
County,  Virginia,  Records ;  Diary  of  a  Prisoner  of  War  at  Quebec ;  Sainsbury's  Aostracts 
and  the  Colonial  History  of  Virginia:  Abridgment  of  the  Laws  of  Virginia,  1604;  The 
Germans  of  the  Valley;  Virginia  Legislative  Documents:  John  Brown  Letters;  History  of 
the  Battle  of  Point  Pleasant ;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes  and  Queries,  Book  Reviews,  &c., 
with  a  full  index.  ft  M 

Volume  X— Octavo,  pp.  480-xvl-x. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents:  Virginia  Legislative  Docu- 
ments: John  Brown  Letters;  The  Germans  of  the  Valley;  Abridgment  of  Virginia  Laws, 
1694;  Eastern  Shore  History;  Extracts  from  Records  of  Heory  County,  Vs.;  Batttle  of  Point 
Pleasant;  Ferrar  Papers,  from  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge;  Pioneer  Days  in  Alleghany 
County;  Tithables  or  Norihampton  County,  1666;  Virginia  Newspapers  in  Public  Libraries; 
Slave  Owners  of  Westmoreland  County,  1782;  Virginia  in  1630- '38,  from  English  Public 
Record  Office;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills,  &c.);  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolu- 
tion; Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence.  i7S9-'6i7:  Virginia  Finances,  i776-*90;  Vir- 
^nia  Colonial  Records;  Books  in  Colonial  Virginia:  WIUs.  Genealogies,  Notes  and  Queries, 
Book  Reviews,  Ac.,  with  several  illustrations  and  fac-simli«s  and  afuU  index.  ft  M 

VoLUMB  XI— Octavo,  pp.  490-iv-xxv. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents:  Proceedings  of  Va.  Committee 
of  Correspondence,  1759-64;  John  Brown  Letters;  Surrender  of  Virginia  in  1651-2;  Ferrar 
Papers  at  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge;  Virp^lnia  in  1638-39  from  the  English  Public 
Records*  Some  Colonial  Virginia  Records;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills);  Isle  of 
Wight  County  Records;  Virginia  Militia  in  tM  Revolution;  Records  of  Henry  County, 
Vs.;  Moravian  Diaries  of  Travels  Through  Virginia,  1743,  Ac;  Virginians  Governors  of 
Other  States;  The  "Chesapeake  War; '^Orderly  Book  of  James  Newell,  Pt.  Pleasant 
Campaign,  1774;  The  Site  of  Old  "Tames  Towne,*'  1607-08:  Council  and  (^neral  Court 
Records,  1640-41;  Vestry  Book  of  King  WilUam  Parish  (Huguenot),  1707-50;  Jamestown 
and  the  A.  P.  V.  A.;  Prosecution  of  Baptist  Ministers  1771:73:  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes 
and  Queries,  Book  Revievrs,  Ac,  with  several  illustrations,  facsimiles,  and  map,  and  a  full 
inde£:  ,  ftM 

VoLUMB  XII— Octavo,  pp.  487-iv-xxxil. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents :  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia 
Committee  of  Correspondence.  1759-70;  Vestry  Book  of  King  William  Parish  (Hujsuenot). 
1707-1750;  The  Site  of  Old  "James  Towne,"  1607-1698;  Moravian  Diaries  of^Travel 
Through  Virginia,  1747.  Ac;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills);  Extracts  from  Vlr^ 
'  ginia  County  Records;  Letters  otjefferson,  &c.,  in  McHenry  Papers;  Virginia  Militia  in 
toe  Revolution;  The  Eariy  Westward  Movement  of  Virginia,  1722-34,  as  shown  by  the 
Virginia  Council  Journals;  Virginia  in  1639,  abstracts  and  copies  from  English  Public 
Record  Office;  Virginia  Legislative  Papers.  1774;  Address  of  Council,  171^  and  Resolu- 
tions of  Burgesses,  1712;  Wills,  C^enealogies.  Notes  and  Queries,  Book  Reviews,  with  sev^ 
eral  illustrations,  plans,  &c  similes,  &c.,  and  a  full  Index.  ft  M 


Discount  allowed  to  booksellers.  ^ 

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The  Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary. 

CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  IV.  ^^q^^ 

Land  and  Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1778 i 

St.  Paul's  Cburcb,  Norfolk,  1848 8 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 9 

Slave  Owners,  P.  A.  Co.,  1779 26 

Norfolk  Academy.  1848 39 

Tbe  Cburcb  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 33 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1850 34 

Soap  and  Candles,  1767 35 

Witcbcraft  in  Virginia * 36 

Price  of  Sugar,  1787 36 

Scbools 36 

Tbe  Marchant  Family 39 

Princess  Anne  County  Marriages. ^ 40 

A  Valuable  Relic 46 

Tbe  Owners  of  Watches,  Princess  Anne  County,  1859 47 

Tbe  Norfolk  and  Richmond  Steam  Boat,  1816. » 49 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 54 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1780 64 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 69 

Trinity  Cburcb,  Portsmouth 72 

A  List  of  White  Persons  and  Houses  in  Princess  Anne  in  March,  1785    75 

Undertakers  Bill,  1809 *. 75 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  i860 76 

Billiards 77 

Tbe  Church  in  Cower  Norfolk  County 78 

Marriages  Performed  by  Rev.  Smith  Sherwood 89 

Marriages  Performed  by  Rev.  H.  J.  Chandler 93 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 96 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 100 

Duelling 106 

Norfolk  Schools,  1795 106 

The  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 109 

Store  Bill,  1753 113 

Property  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1782 1 14 

Large  Families  in  P.  A.  Co 146 

Princess  Anne  Marriages 147 

Tbe  Norfolk  Academy,  1840.  150 

Free  and  Slave,  Norfolk  County,  1782 163 

Carriage  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1852 166 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 169 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 170 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1840 174 

Store  Bill*  1807 182 

Tbe  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 183 

Rev.  George  Halson 184 

An  Invitation  from  General  Arnold 186 

BaiHmore:  Press  of  tbe  Friedenwald  Company,  1904. 

Grculation  Privaie.  DigitizeG«p.i9<H-i}T.JQle 


CITY  BANK  OF  RICHMOND; 

CAPITAL, $400,000 

SURPLUS,        ......        $100,000 

WM.  H.  PALMER.  President.  E.  B.  ADDISON.  Vice-President. 

tp.1905.1yr.  J.  W.  SINTON,  Cashier. 

Capital,  $200,000.00.  Surplus,  $700,000.00. 

Deposits.  $4,000,000.00. 

Merchants   National   Bank, 

RICHMOND,  VA. 

United  States,  State  and  City  Depository. 

n^  INTEREST  PAID  IN 
0%  SAVINGS  DEP'TM'T 

Mercantile  Accounts  Handled  on  Most  Favorable  Terms. 


JOHH  P.  BRANCH.  President.  J.  R.  PERDUE.  AMt.  Cashier. 

JOHN  KERR  BRANCH.  Vice-Prest.  THOS.  B.  McADAMS,  Asst.  Cuhier. 

JOHN  F.  GLENN.  Cashier.  GEO.  H.  KEESEE.  Asst.  Cashier. 

oct.i904*tyr. 

Medical  College  of  Virginia, 

KSTABLMHED  1888. 

DEPARTMENTS  OP  MEDICINE,  DENTISTRY  ft  PHARMACY 

THE  SIXTY-EIGHTH  SESSION  WILL 
COMMENCE    SEPTEMBER    26,   1905 

HOITOK/   SYSTBl^ 

Excellent  Theoretical  Course  with  Thorough  Practical  and 
Clinical  Instruction  in  the  Memorial  Hospital.  City  Free 
Dispensary,  and  New  and  Well-Eqipped  Laboratories,  all 
uncler  the  exclusive  control  of  the  College,  together  with 
the  State  Penitentiary  Hospital.  City  Almshouse  and  other 
Public  Institutions. 

FOR  CATALOGUE,  ADDRESS 

CHRISTOPHER    TOMPKINS.    M.   D.,  Dean, 
326  College  Street,  Richmond,  Va. 

apl.<SUy.06. 

FENLAND  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 

Edited  by  REV.  W.  D.  SWEETING,  M.A.. 

Holy  Trinity  Vicarage,  Rotherhithe.  London,  S.  E. 

A  Quarterly  Journal  devoted  to  the  Antiquities,  Geolog:y,  Natural 
Features,  Parochial  Records.  Family  History,  Legends  and  Traditions, 
Folk  Lore,  Curious  Customs,  etc.,  of  the  Fenland.  in  the  Counties  of 
Huntingdon,  Cambridge.  Lincoln.  Northampton.  Norfolk  and  Suffolk. 
Price  IS.  6d.  per  quarter,  by  post,  is.  8d.  A  year's  subscription,  if  paid  in 
advance.  6s  — post  free.  Vols.  I.  II.  Ill  and  IV  now  ready,  neatly  bound, 
leather  back,  cloth  sides,  gilt  top,  lettered,  15s.  each. 

Peterboroug^h  :  Geo.  C.  Caster,  Market  Place. 

London:  Simpkin  Marshall  &  Co.,  Ld.;  and  Elliot  StocQOQLC 


Jan.i905-iyT. 


Nearly  eyenr  great  fortune  began 
with  a  dollar  I  why  don't  yon  begin 
to-day  and  place  the  first  rung  in 
fortune's  ladder  by  laying  away  a 
dollar  in  the  safo  ooflbrs  of  our  Bank 
and  let  It  be  a  magnet  to  draw  more 
dollars  in.  We  pay  8  per  cent,  on 
deposits. 

Our  ** banking-by-mail"  system 
is  a  oonyenience  to  many.  Drop  us 
a  postal.  We  shaU  be  glad  tc  tell 
you  about  it. 

Planters  National  Bank, 

Savings  Dep^tf 

12th  and  Main  Streets,      Richmond.  Va. 

Capital,  Sttfplut  and  Profits. 

$1,125,000.00. 


ANTIQUE©. 

J",    in.    BIO-GhS, 

515  EAST  MAIN  STREET,         -  RICHMOND,  VA. 

Largest  collection  of  Original  Old  Pieces  in  the  State.  Antique 
Furniture,  Old  Brass,  Cut  Glass,  Copper  Plate,  Old  China,  Engravings, 
Paintings,  etc.  Special  attention  given  to  packing  all  goods  sent  out 
of  the  City.  apLOo-lyr. 

OUR  ANCESTORS. 


THE  HISTORY  OF  FAMILIES  OF  PITTSYL- 
VANIA COUNTY,  VIRGINIA. 


Pittsylvania  County  is  the  largest  county  in  the  State  of  Virginia, 
and  was  once  even  larger,  embracing:  the  territory  now  known  as  the 
counties  of  Patrick  and  Henry.  Being  incorporated  in  1767,  Pittsyl- 
vania has  had  an  interesting  history  otits  own  for  138  years,  covering 
the  turbulent  times  of  the  Revolution. 

The  records  and  will  books  of  the  county  are  very  complete  and 
thorough,  and  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservation,  giving  a  list  of  all  offi- 
cers in  the  early  magisterial  courts;  many  rosters  of  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  Revolution  and  Civil  Wars  and  numbers  of  declarations  of  the 
Revolutionary  soldiers. 

From  this  county  have  gone  many  pioneers  of  iron  nerve,  who 
settled  the  vast  South  and  West,  and  the  descendants  of  these  men 
would  find  the  records  of  this  county  of  untold  interest. 

I  am  in  a  position  to  furnish  copies  of  and  data  from  these  records 
at  a  nominal  price,  and  would  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  any  one 
desiring  information  concerning  them. 

Mrs.  NATHANIEL  E.  CLEMENT, 
Member  of  Virginia  Historical  Society, 

Chatham,  Pittsylvania  County,  Va. 


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WBITE   US  when  looking  for  rare  and  choice 
books,  particularly  Virginiana. 

OUT-OF^PBIJrT  Books,  not  in  stock,  sought 
for  and  supplied  promptly. 

This  department  has  the  personal  attention  of  our 
Mr.  J.  J.  English,  Jr.,  formerly  with  Randolph  & 
English.  Mr.  English  has  had  forty  years'  experience 
in  the  book  trade,  thereby  fitting  us  to  supply  speedily, 
and  at  reasonable  prices,  any  books  needed. 

Correspondence  and  lists  of  books  solicited  from 
collectors  everywhere. 

The  Bell  Book  &  Stationery  Co. 

914  E.    MAIN    STREET, 
i„,y^.,yr.  RICHMOND,  VA. 


The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  which  is  issued 
quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  will  accept  for  publica- 
tion a  limited  number  of  advertisements  of  a  suitable  character. 

The  special  attention  of  Schools,  Colleges  and  Booksellers  are 
called  to  these  rates. 

The  edition  of  the  Magazine  id  i,2oo  copies,  and  its  circulation  is 
constantly  increasing  among  foreign  and  American  scholars. 

Those  who  have  old  books,  pamphlets,  antique  furniture,  curios, 

etc.,  for  sale  will  find  it  of  advantage  to  avail  themselves  of  this  medium 

of  advertising  them. 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD,  Editor, 

707  E,  Franklin,  Richmond,  Va, 


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THE 


t 


STATE  BANK  OF  VIRGINIA, 

RICHMOND,  VIRGINIA. 


CAPITAL.,         -       ^        .        -        $800,000 
SURPLUS  &  PROFITS,       -        $270,000 


JOHN  S.  ELLETT,  President.  WM.  M.  HILL,  Cashier, 

JULIEN  H.  HILL.  As^t  Qishier. 


3DXRSOTORS, 


J.  M.  Fourqurean.  Alexander  Cameron,         Jno.  S.  pilett, 

James  D.  Crump,  Wm.  M.  Hill,  Granville  G.  Valentine, 

A.  R.  Ellerson,  Horace  S.  Hawes,  J.  L.  Antrim. 


SAFE  DEPOSIT  BOXES  FOR  RENT. 

apl.i905-iy. 

The  First  National  Bank 

OF  RICHMOND,  VA. 

(Fkdd  In  Capital «^W)0,000.00)  ^ 

CAPITAL-^ ^med  Surplus^ ^^ -  ?S»Sffiffi T  ♦M50,000.00 

(Undivided  Profits. ..^^ ^....^ 150,000.00)  ^  '        ' 

Deposits 4,500,000.00 

Loiins 4,500,000.00 

Total  Resources 6,500,000.00 

This  is  the  larg^est  Bank  in  Vit^nia,  and  by  reason  of  its  large  volume 
of  business  and  favorable  connections  North,  South,  East  and  West,  ex- 
tends facilities  at  rates  which  smaller  Banks  can  not  afford.  The  expense 
of  handling  a  large,  well  s^tematized  business  is  also  less  in  proportion  than 
that  of  a  smaller  institution. 

The  First  !^ational  Banit,  in  addition  to  the  large  business  of  its  Rich- 
mond patrons,  handles,  BY  MAIL,  hundreds  of  accounts  for  Merchants, 
Manufacturers,  Corporations,  Individuals  and  Banks  throughout  Virginia, 
West  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina  and  Georgia. 

We  invite  personal  interviews  or  correspondence  from  prospective 
patrons. 

John  B.  Purqell,  President. 

John  M.  Miller,  Jr..  Vice-President  and  Cashier. 
Chas.  R.  Burnett,  Assistant  Cashier. 

J.  C.  JoPLiN,  Assistant  Cashier. 
apl.i905-iy. 


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Members  are  requested  to  soltdt  coatrilKitiocis  of  bookSi  titaps,  por- 
tratSt  mnt\  maiiusarl|Hii  of  hbtmicaJ  lvalue  or  unportAtice,  parttctilarly 
such  9S  cnaf  xhmw  Itj^ht  tipon  the  polillai],  social  or  rd^ous  Kfe  of 
tile  peopte  of  Vtn^nb. 

.  Ilu!  Society  will  beoooie  Uie  cusiadiafi  of  such  tirtid^  of  tills  diar- 
«c(er  as  ilw  i^os^^mat^  majr  from  itny  cause  be  tinwilUiig  id  i^We,  and 
io  the  cate  of  lamily  papers  or  oiber  inaniifcripts  wbjch  il  m^iy  be 
undesirable  to  publish,  it  will,  upon  requesu  keep  Ibcm  cooiidcntiaL 

i^ A  brge  J^f  pt^pf  iaft  Itas  been  secu/ed  add  placed  in  the 
Sodcty's  bftilcHng,  in  which  all  mantiscnpt^  mtd  papers  or  value  are 
cardittly  preserved  bf  ihc  Librarian. 

In  the  vid^f  udes  of  war,  and  ibc  repeaii^  removals  to  whirb  the 
Sodety'if  Libr«iry  ha^  b«£eii  3tifajec<ed,  many  volucpei  have  beeai  liMt 
and  tlic  $ei$  broken*  Odd  volumes  from  the  ccitlecticm^  of  lis  mc;ni<^ 
bers  and  well  wtiiHf'is  mfll  ihcrerore  be  fmlefuUy  received* 

It  is  especially  desimbfe  id  secure  as  complete  a  collection  as  po^i- 
bte  of  early  Virf^niii  newspapers r  petiodicaki  and  almanacs. 

Any  book  \tt  f^impbleC  wntten  by  a  native  or  nsrident  i»r  VirginiHt 
poblished  ut  printed  in  \^iri;>inia.,  or  in  any  way  reladi^  to  Virgims 
or  Vit^ftnlans,  wiB  be  accepted  and  preserwd. 

The  S&ckiy  rtqu€Sis  gifU  ^fph&Mgf'^h&  (caSimt  si^}  ^oidp&r- 

Arms  of  Virginis  famiiiei.    Albums  Aat^e  ^£h  pr&tddid  and  an  m- 
Unsiinji^  t^etfwn  ken  airwady  Arni  mmde. 


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THE 


;VIRGINIA  MAGAZINE 


OF 


HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


FUBUSHKD  QUARTERLV  BY  THE 

VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY, 

RICHMOND,  VA, 


vol,  XIII— No    8.        OOTOeeR.  l©Oe. 


^gf«d  M  ills  romolttcic  ai  IUoMwmI,  V«.«  m  &wsfm<i^iM%  B^Stwt^ 


WM.  EUiS  JONES^  PRlKTKli,       •Digitized  by  Google 

wff  PL  truifvXiP  ffT. 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE. 


ARCHER  ANDERSON,       CHAS,  V.  MEREDITH, 
W.  JAMES,  E.  V.  VALENTINE, 

Rev,  W,  MEADE  CLARK. 


eOlTOR   OF  THE    MAOA.ZINE. 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


CONTENTS. 

1,  Tbt  Earl  J   Westward   MoTcmeiit  of  Virginm, 

1721J-1734..„.„ ,,,..,„, „..^.,... 1 13 

2*  Virgitiia  ntifl  the  Cba-okee*,* ^..f.»^^...*.. 139 

3.  The  Treaty  of  Lancaster ,,. ,„,.„,„„..„,..  141- 

4.  Tbc  Treaty  of  Loj^'s  Town.,,.-  .«, ,*. 14s^) 

5.  The  Vcstiy  Book  of  Kiog  WilUara  Pariah,  Va., 

1707-1750 .......^ .,•,.,..  17S 

6*  Vtrgiiiia  Gleanings  in  Eagland.. ..«..^«oi.........^..  101 

7.  Vtrgtnia  Militta  in  the  Rcvolntion....... ,......«.,^  200 

8,  Historical  and  Genealogical  Not^^s  and  Qncrics.,*.  209 
0,  Genealogy .. ., • 216 

The  MdUory.  Wreot  and  Brooke  Families 


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TH  E 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND   BIOGllAPHY. 


•3 


Vol.  Xlll.  OCTOBER,  1905.  No.  2. 


THE    EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF 
VIRGINIA,  1722-1734. 


As  Shown  by  the  Proceedings  of  the  Colonial  Council. 


Edited  and  Annotated  by  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Washington,  D.  C. 


(continued) 


June  17.  1730. 

Several    T'etitions    bein^    this    Day    offered    to    the  Board 

ror   leave  to  take  up  land  on   the  River   Sherando,  on  the 

North    West    side   of  the   Great    Mountains\    Rob't    Carter. 

Iisqr..  a^'ent  for  the  Proprietors  of  the  Northern  Neck,  moved 


'This  and  the  three  succeeding  Orders  entered  on  the  same  day,  may 
lie  fairly  considered  as  fixing  the  date  when  the  settlement  of  the 
Valley  of  Virginia  commenced.  The  first  legislative  recognition  of  the 
country  beyond  the  Blue  Ridge  appears  to  have  been  in  1705,  when 
the  General  Assembly  of  Virginia  passed  an  act  for  free  and  open 
trade  with  the  Indians,  and,  among  other  provisos,  it  was  enacted  that 
any  person  who  should  make  discovery  of  "any  town  or  nation  of 
Indians,  situated  or  inhabiting  to  the  westward  of  or  between  the 
Appalatian  Mountains."  should  have  for  the  space  of  fourteen  years 
the  style  right  to  trade  with  them.  ( Hening's  Statutes,  Vol.  Ill,  pp. 
468-469.)  The  language  here  used,  "between  the  Appalatian  Moun- 
tains," shows  with  certainty  that  the  general  topography  of  the  Valley 
was  known  as  early  as  1705.  and  consequently  Governor  Spotswood  and 
his  party  were  not   the  first   while  men   to  enter  or  look  upon   that 


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114  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

that  it  might  be  entered  that  he,  in  behalf  of  the  S**  Proprietors, 
Claimed  the  land  on  the  S**  River  Sherrimdo  as  belonging  to 
the  S^  Proprietors  &  within  the  Limits  of  their  grant,  &  that 
it  belonged  solely  to  the  Proprietors  to  grant  the  S**  Lands  W*'** 

region.  The  main  incidents  of  Spotswood's  expedition  across  the 
Blue  Ridge  are  well  known,  and  do  not  require  lengthy  mention  here. 
The  party  left  Germanna,  then  in  Essex,  but  now  in  Orange  county, 
August  29,  1 716.  and  returned  to  that  place  September  10,  1716.  They 
crossed  the  mountains  through  Swift  Run  Gap,  and  stopped  at  the 
Shenandoah,  in  the  vicinity  of  present  Elkton,  Rockingham  county, 
Virginia. 

This  expedition  is  notable  because  it  was  the  first  organized  effort 
made  by  any  of  the  colonies  to  extend  the  frontier  line  beyond  the 
Appalachian  mountains.  Governor  Spotswood  desired  to  check  the 
rising  power  of  the  French  in  the  West,  and  also  to  discover  the 
sources  of  the  Virginia  rivers.  He  likewise  wished  to  establish  friendly 
relations  with  the  Indians  to  the  westward.  (Spotswood,  Official  Let- 
ters, Vol.  III.  p.  295.)  The  only  account  of  this  expedition  known  to 
be  in  existence  is  contained  in  the  Journal  of  John  Fontaine,  which 
appears  in  the  work  entitled  Memoirs  of  a  Huguenot  Family,  reprinted 
in  Slaughter's  History  of  St.  Mark's  Parish,  pp.  39-41.  It  can  be  fairly 
claimed  that  the  history  of  our  western  explorations  commenced  when 
Governor  Spotswood  and  his  party  crossed  the  Blue  Ridge  mountains. 
Upon  this  expedition  was  founded  the  organization  popularly  known  as 
"The  Knights  of  the  Golden  Horse  Shoe,"  which  will  be  mentioned  in 
a  subsequent  note. 

The  next  evidence  known  to  exist  concerning  the  exploration  of  the 
Valley  is  contained  in  the  petition  of  Robert  Lewis.  William  L>nn, 
Robert  Brooke.  Jr.,  James  Mills,  William  Lewis  and  Beverly  Robinson, 
bearing  date  in  the  year  1727,  and  addressed  to  the  Governor  and 
Council,  praying  for  50,000  acres  of  land  on  the  Cow  Pasture  and  James 
rivers,  "lying  among  the  Great  North  Mountains."  (Calendar  of  Vir- 
ginia State  Papers,  Vol.  I,  p.  214.)  This  land  was  situated  within  the 
limits  of  present  Bath  county,  Va. 

William  Lynn,  named  in  this  petition,  was  a  brother-in-law  of  John 
Lewis,  the  pioneer  settler  of  Augusta  county,  who  probably  went  to 
that  locality  upon  information  derived  from  his  relative.  He  was  a 
physician,  resided  in  l'>edericksburg,  Va.,  and  his  will  was  recorded 
in  Spotsylvania  county  March  7,  1758.  (Spotsylvania  County  Records, 
New  York,  1905,  pp.  16-17.) 

The  next  reference  is  also  to  be  found  in  the  Calendar,  Vol.  I,  p.  215. 
On  October  28,  1728,  Colonel  Robert  Carter  tiled  a  caveat  against  the 
issuing  of  a  patent  for  10.000  acres  of  land  to  Larkin  Chew  and  others. 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  115 

Mo'con  at  his  request  is  entred  &  then  the  Board  proceeded 
to  the  hearing  of  the  S**  Peticons. 


On  reading  at  this  Board  the  Peticon  of  John  Van  Meter* 
setting  forth  that  he  is  desirous  to  take  up  a  Tract  of  Land  in 
this  Colony  on  the  West  side  of  the  great  Mountains  for  the 
Settlement  of  himself  &  eleven  children,  &  also  that  divers  of 
his  Rela'cons  &  friends  living  in  the  Government  of  New  York 
are  also  desirous  to  remove  with  their  families  &  Effects  to 
Settle  in  the  same  place  if  a  sufficient  Quantity  of  Land  may 

"lying  on  both  sides  of  Happy  Creek,  joining  on  the  Great  Mountains/* 
etc.  This  stream  flows  out  of  Chester's  Gap  in  the  Blue  Ridge  and 
enters  the  Shenandoah  immediately  below  Front  Royal,  Va. 

This  protest  sounded  the  first  note  in  the  long  dispute  between 
Lord  Fairfax  and  the  Crown  with  reference  to  the  southern  boundary 
of  the  Northern  Neck.  This  controversy,  which  began  in  1736,  was 
finally  settled  favorably  to  Fairfax  in  17^5.  The  Rapidan  was  declared 
to  be  the  true  southern  boundary  of  his  grant  in  Eastern  Virginia,  and 
the  head  spring  of  the  Conway  river,  in  present  Madison  county,  was 
fixed  as  the  starting  point  when  the  Bhie  Ridge  was  reached.  The  line 
was  then  run  a  due  northwest  course  to  the  head  spring  of  the  Potomac. 
It  crossed  the  main  Valley  of  Virginia  about  two  miles  south  of  New 
Market,  in  present  Shenandoah  county.  This  vast  domain  contained 
nearly  6,000,000  acres  of  the  most  fertile  lands  in  the  colony,  and  was 
the  largest  landed  estate  ever  owned  by  a  resident  of  this  country. 

Colonel  Robert  Carter,  mentioned  in  this  Order,  was  familiarly 
known  as  "King  Carter,"  because  of  his  great  possessions.  He  was  the 
agent  for  many  years  of  the  Fairfax  estate,  and  in  this  way  acquired 
holdings  in  Virginia  second  only  to  his  principal.  He  filled  with  great 
credit  nearly  every  important  office  in  the  colony,  was  a  member  of  the 
Council,  and  as  president  of  that  body  acted  as  Governor  during  the 
interregnum  which  followed  the  death  of  Governor  Drj'sdale  in  1727. 
(Hcning's  Statutes,  Vol.  IV,  p.  5;  List  of  Governors;  preface.)  His 
history  is  so  well  known  that  only  a  passing  notice  of  his  career  is 
required  here.  He  died  in  1732,  perhaps  the  foremost  man  of  his  day 
in  Virginia,  and  many  of  his  posterity  have  been  highly  distinguished. 

2John  Van  Meter,  here  mentioned,  was  a  native  of  Holland,  and  set- 
tled in  or  near  Rsopus,  now  Kingston,  X.  Y.,  prior  to  1700.  It  is  related 
by  Kercheval  that  he  was  an  Indian  trader  and  visited  the  Valley  of 
Virginia  with  a  company  of  Delaware  Indians,  who  were  on  their  way 
south  to  fight  the  Catawbas.  The  time  is  said  to  have  been  some  years 
previous  to  the  first  white  settlement,  possibly  about  1725.    The  northern 


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116  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

be  assigned  them  for  that  purpose,  &  praying  that  ten  thou- 
sand acres  of  Land  lying  in  the  fork  of  Sherrando  River, 
including  the  places  called  by  the  name  of  Cedar  Lick  &  Stony 
Lick,  and  running  up  between  the  branches  of  the  S'*  River 
to  compleat  that  Quantity,  &  twenty  thousand  acres  of  the 
land  not  already  taken  up  by  Robert  Carter  &  Mann  Page, 
Esqrs.,  or  any  other  lying  in  the  fork  between  the  S**  River 
Sherrando  and  the  River  Cahongaroota,  &  extending  thence 
to  Opeckon  &  uj)  the  South  Branch  thereof,  may  be  assigned 
for  the  Habitacon  &  Settlem't  of  himself,  his  family  &  friends. 
The  Governor,  with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  is  pleased  to 
give  leave  to  the  S''  John  Van  Meter  to  take  up  the  S^  first 
men'coned  Tract  of  ten  thousand  acres  for  the  Settlem't  of 
himself  &  his  family,  and  that  as  soon  as  the  petitioner  shall 

Indians,  who  were  probably  a  raiding  party  of  the  Five  Nations,  were 
defeated  with  great  loss  near  present  Franklin,  Pendleton  county.  West 
Virginia,  and  Van  Meter  barely  escaped  with  his  life.  The  beauty  and 
fertility  of  the  country  so  impressed  him  that  he  advised  his  sons  to 
secure  lands  on  the  South  Branch  of  the  Potomac.  (Kercheval  History 
of  the  J 'alley,  2nd.  ed..  1850,  p.  46.)  However,  the  natural  objects  men- 
tioned in  this  and  the  succeeding  Order  show  that  the  Van  Meters 
first  took  up  lands  in  the  main  Valley  of  Virginia,  near  Winchester.  The 
family  finally  removed  to  the  South  Branch  of  the  Potomac  and  settled 
in  the  present  counties  of  Hampshire  and  Hardy,  W.  Va.  (See  JVest 
I'irginia  Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  HI.  pp.  45-55.)  Subsequent  Orders 
show  that  this  grant  was  assigned  to  Jost  Hite  and  his  partners  in  1731. 

The  first  step  to  secure  land  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia  by  due  process 
of  law  seems  to  have  been  taken  by  Colonel  Robert  Carter.  On  April 
20,  1743,  William  Beverly  wrote  to  Lord  Fairfax,  who  was  then  in 
England,  desiring  to  secure  a  grant  of  land  on  the  Shenandoah  river. 
In  describing  this  land  Beverly  refers  to  a  tree  bearing  the  initials  and 
date,  "R.  C  17-29"  He  also  stated  that  the  land  was  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  Colonel  Carter's  grant,  and  the  foregoing  initials  and  date 
may  be  accepted  as  fixing  the  time  when  the  first  legal  survey  west  of 
the  Blue  Ridge  was  made,  and.  in  the  broad  sense  of  the  term,  it  con- 
stitutes Colonel  Robert  Carter  the  pioneer  of  the  Valley  settlements. 
{William  and  Mary  College  Quarterly,  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  232-233.) 

A  map  in  the  Library  of  Congress,  entitled  ''The  Courses  of  the 
Rivers  Rappahannock  and  Futoxvmack,  as  surveyed  according  to  Order, 
in  the  years  1736  &  173?!'  shows  Colonel  Carter's  50,000  acres  on  the 
west  bank  of  the  main  Shenandoah  river.    The  grant  was  in  the  form 


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EARLY   WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  117 

bring  on  the  last  men'coned  Tract,  twenty  Families  to  inhabit, 
or  that  this  Board  is  satisfied  so  many  are  ready  to  remove, 
thither  Leave  be,  &  it  is  hereby,  granted  him  for  surveying  the 
last  men'coned  Tract  of  twenty  thousand  acres  within  the  Lim- 
its above  described  in  so  many  several  Dividends  as  the  pet'  & 
his  S**  partners  shall  think  fit,  and  it  is  further  ordered  that  no 
p'son  be  permitted  to  enter  for  or  take  up  any  part  of  the 
afs^  I^nd,  in  the  meantime  provided  the  s**  Van  Meter,  his 
family  &  the  said  twenty  other  Families  of  his  Rela'cons  and 
Friends,  do  settle  thereon  within  the  space  of  two  Years,  ac- 
cording to  his  proposal. 

of  a  parallelogram.  Its  courses  were  from  a  starting  point  on  the  North 
Branch  of  the  Shenandoah  about  midway  between  present  Riverton 
and  Strasburg,  and  the  line  ran  nearly  due  northwest,  then  northeast, 
then  southeast,  then  southwest  to  the  beginning.  The  southeast  line 
reached  the  Shenandoah  about  opposite  Williams'  Gap  in  the  Blue 
Ridge,  then  went  up  the  river  to  Riverton,  and  followed  the  North 
Branch  to  the  point  of  departure.  This  was  without  doubt  the  land 
sur\'eyed  for  Colonel  Carter  in  1729.  Colonel  Page's  land  (quantity 
not  given)  is  shown  on  the  same  map.  It  was  also  on  the  west  bank 
of  the  Shenandoah  immediately  below  Colonel  Carter's  tract.  The 
courses  are  practically  the  same,  except  that  the  northeast  line  ended 
at  the  Potomac  a  few  miles  above  the  site  of  present  Harpers*  Ferry. 

The  land  books  of  the  Northern  Neck,  now  in  the  land  office  at 
Richmond,  show  a  grant  to  Landon  and  George  Carter,  sons  of  Colonel 
Robert  Carter,  dated  September  22,  1730,  for  50,212  acres,  and  this 
was  the  land  above  described.  These  two  grants  lay  principally  in  the 
present  counties  of  Frederick,  Jefferson  and  Clarke.  Tn  this  section, 
the  Carters,  Burwells,  Pages,  and  related  families,  have  lived  for  gen- 
erations with  credit  to  their  family  names,  upon  lands  acquired  by 
their  ancestors  in  the  very  infancy  of  the  Valley. 

Mann  Page,  Esq.,  resided  at  Rosewell,  Gloucester  county,  Va.,  and 
was  influential  in  the  affairs  of  the  colony.  The  family  to  which  he 
belonged  has  contributed  largely  to  the  history  of  Virginia.  The  land 
which  he  owned  in  the  Valley  was  called  "Page-Land,"  in  1744,  and  the 
tract  then  contained  8,007  acres.  He  also  owned  large  tracts  in  Prince 
William,  Spotsylvania,  and  other  counties.  (Hening's  Statutes,  Vol. 
V,  pp.  277-284.)  He  died  in  1730,  leaving  a  large  personal  estate  in 
addition  to  his  lands.  For  full  information  relative  to  this  distinguished 
family,  see  Genealogy  of  the  Page  Family  iti  Virginia,  by  Richard  Chan- 
ning  Moore  Page,  M.  D. 


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118  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Isaac  Vannieter,  of  the  Province  of  West  Jersey,  having  bv 
his  petition  to  this  Board  set  forth  that  he  &  divers  other 
German  Families  are  desirous  to  settle  themselves  on  the 
West  side  of  the  Great  Mountains  in  this  colony,  he,  the 
Petitioner,  has  been  to  view  the  Lands  in  those  parts,  &  has 
discovered  a  place  where  such  settlement  may  conveniently 
be  made,  &  not  yet  taken  up  or  possessed  by  any  of  the  Eng- 
lish Inhabitants,  &  praying  that  ten  thousand  acres  of  Land 
lying  between  the  Lands  surveyed  for  Robert  Carter,  Esqr.. 
the  fork  of  the  Sherundo*  River  &  the  River  Opeckon  in  as 
many  Several  Tracts  or  Dividends  as  shall  be  necessary  For 
the  accommodacon  &  Settlement  of  ten  Families   (including 

^This  river  gives  name  to  the  Valley  of  the  Shenandoah,  which  is 
the  richest  and  most  picturesque  section  of  the  great  Virginia  Valley. 
The  earliest  mention  of  this  stream  is  contained  in  the  Journal  of  John 
Fontaine,  who  accompanied  Governor  Spotswood  on  the  expedition  of 
1 716.  It  seems  to  be  certain  that  this  expedition  reached  the  Shenan- 
doah in  the  vicinity  of  present  Elkton,  Rockingham  county,  Va.  Fon- 
taine says,  "We  crossed  the  river,  which  we  called  Euphrates.'*  (Slaugh- 
ter, History  of  St.  Mark's  Parish,  p.  41.)  The  next  mention  of  the 
river  is  found  in  the  act  establishing  Spotsylvania  and  Brunswick  coun- 
ties, and  there  it  is  referred  to  simply  as  "the  river  on  the  northwest 
side  of  the  high  mountains,"  meaning  the  Blue  Ridge.  (Hening,  Vol. 
IV,  p.  77.)  Fortunately,  its  beautiful  Indian  name  in  the  end  prevailed 
to  serve  as  a  reminder  of  an  almost  forgotten   race. 

The  Council  Orders,  which  appear  in  this  issue,  give  for  the  first  time 
to  the  Shenandoah  names  which  approach  the  proper  form  of  the  word. 
Sherendo,  Shenando  and  Sherundo  are  clearly  variants  of  the  same 
name.  In  June,  1730,  Robert  Beverly,  William  Beverly  and  John  Corrie 
filed  a  petition  to  take  up  50,000  acres  of  land  lying  upon  "Shenando 
River."  (Calendar  of  Virginia  State  Papers.  Vol.  I,  p.  216.)  In  the 
Northern  Neck  grant  of  September  22,  1730,  to  Colonel  Robert  Carter 
and  Mann  Page.  Esq.,  for  50.212  acres,  the  river  is  called  "Chanandoah 
Creek."  The  early  deeds  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  give  the  river  various 
names — Gerando,  Gerundo,  etc.  These  variations  were  doubtless  due 
to  the  inability  of  the  early  pioneers  to  understand  the  Indian  pro- 
nunciation. Shenandoah,  as  stated  above,  is  an  Indian  name,  and  the 
evidence  indicates  that  it  was  so  called  by  the  Oneida  tribe  of  the  Five 
Nations.  There  died  at  Oneida  Castle,  in  western  New  York,  March 
II,  1816,  a  celebrated  Indian  chief,  whose  name  was  Shenandoa.  His 
reputed  age  was  no  years.  His  name  was  also  spelled  Skenandoah,  the 
letter  k  in  this  spelling  probably  being  a  misprint.     (Schoolcraft,  Arch- 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  119 

his  own),  which  he  proposes  to  bring  on  the  s**  Land.  The 
Governor,  with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  is  pleas'd  to  order 
as  it  is  hereby  Ordered  that  the  s^  Isaac  V'anmeter,  for  himself 
&  his  Partners,  have  Leave  to  take  up  the  s**  Quantity  of  ten 
thousand  acres  of  Land  within  the  Limits  above  described,  & 
that  if  he  brings  the  above  number  of  Families  to  dwell  there 
within  two  years  Patents  be  granted  him  &  them  for  the  same 
in  Such  Several  Tracts  &  Dividends  as  they  shall  think  Fit,  & 
in  the  meantime  that  the  same  be  reserved  Free  from  the  entry 
of  any  other  p'son. 

ires  of  ."Iborigitial  Knowledge,  Philadelphia,  i860.  Vol.  VI,  p.  136; 
Idem,  Vol.  V,  p.  517) 

Various  meanings  have  been  given  to  Shenandoah.  The  old  tradi- 
tion among  those  who  have  lived  upon  and  near  the  stream  is  that  it 
signifies,  in  the  Indian  tongue,  "Daughter  of  the  Stars."  A  recent 
writer  gives  it  a  more  poetic  version,  "Shining  Daughter  of  the  Spark- 
ling Stars."  and  advances  the  theory  that  perhaps  the  name  was  in- 
vented to  account  for  the  somewhat  mythical  Senedo  tribe  which 
Kercheval  and  others  relate  h'ved  in  the  lower  Valley.  This  writer  aUo 
states  that  the  nan^eis  a  corruption  of  the  Iroquoian  word  "Tyonondoa," 
which  means  literally,  "In  that  place  there  is  a  high  range  of  moun- 
tains." (Fowke,  Archaeological  Investigations  in  James  and  Potomac 
J 'alleys.  Bureau  of  American  Ethnology,  Smithsonian  Institution,  1894, 
pp.  72-73.)  It  is  the  judgment  of  the  writer,  who  is  a  native  of  the 
section  in  question,  that  the  author  last  quoted  is  mistaken  in  all  of  his 
conclusions,  except  that  Shenandoah  is  an  Iroquoian  name.  Whatever 
its  signification  may  be,  the  fact  remains  that  it  bears  the  name  of  an 
Oneida  chieftain.  Probably  the  river  was  not  named  for  this  particular 
individual,  but  that  it  is  a  word  contained  in  the  language  of  his  tribe 
is  beyond  controversy,  and  better  evidence  of  its  origin  cannot  l^^ 
oflfered. 

The  relationship  of  Isaac  to  John  Van  Meter  is  not  definitely  known, 
but  the  latter  is  believed  to  have  been  the  father.  The  family  removed 
from  Ulster  copnty,  N.  Y.,  to  Salim.  N.  J.,  in  1714,  but  John  Van 
Meter  is  believed  to  have  returned  10  New  York  before  undertaking 
his  venture  in  Virginia,  mentioned  in  the  preceding  note.  (IVest  Vir- 
ginia Historical  Magazine,  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  48-50.)  A  subsequent  Council 
Order  shows  that  the  Van  Meter  lands  were  assigned  to  Jost  Hite  and 
his  associates.  (See,  also,  Re^'ised  Code  of  Virginia,  1818,  Vol.  II,  p. 
346.)  The  Van  Meter  grants  lay  between  Cedar  Creek  and  Winchester, 
within  the  limits  of  present  Frederick  county,  Va. 


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120  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Whereas  Jacob  Stover*,  a  Native  of  Switzerland,  hath  by  his 
Peticon  made  humble  Suit  to  this  Board  for  Leave  to  take  up 
ten  thousand  acres  of  Land  on  the  West  Side  [of  J  the  great 
Mountains,  and  on  the  Second  fork  of  Sherundo  River,  on 
both  sides  of  the  Branches  thereof,  for  the  settlement  of  him- 


*This  Order  introduces  to  history  one  of  the  most  unique  characters 
connected  with  the  early  settlement  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  and  for 
the  first  time  the  place  of  his  nativity  is  disclosed.  Jacob  Stover  was, 
in  one  sense,  an  enterprising  man,  but  his  land  transactions  were 
tainted  with  fraud,  and  as  a  consequence  a  problem  has  been  left  to 
history  concerning  the  place  of  the  first  actual  settlement  by  the  whites 
in  this  section,  which  can  only  b^  solved  by  the  closest  research. 

The  lands  mentioned  in  this  Order  were  actually  granted  to  him 
by  two  deeds  bearing  date  December  15,  1733,  each  for  5,000  acres. 
This  fact  is  disclosed  by  the  deeds  themselves,  which  are  recorded  in 
the  land  office  at  Richmond.  One  tract  was  situated  on  the  Shenandoah 
about  four  miles  below  the  present  site  of  Port  Republic,  and  embraced 
the  fine  estates  owned  in  more  recent  years  by  the  Weaver,  Strayer, 
and  Lewis  families.  By  deed  dated  June  25,  1740,  Jacob  Stover  con- 
veyed 3,100  acres  of  this  land  to  Christopher  Francisco,  the  elder,  oC 
Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  who  was  likewise  a  native  of  Switzerland.  Deeds 
from  Francisco  to  Thomas  Lewis  and  Gabriel  Jones,  recorded  at 
Staunton,  Va.,  fix  the  location  of  the  upper  grant  to  Stover  beyond  dis- 
pute. The  location  of  the  lower  grant  is  still  uncertain,  but  the  proba- 
bilities seem  to  be  that  it  was  in  the  present  county  of  Page,  on  Hawks- 
bill  creek,  near  the  present  town  of  Luray. 

The  Indian  name  of  this  locality  was  Massanutton,  and  here,  the 
weight  of  evidence  indicates,  was  made  the  first  permanent  white  settle- 
ment in  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  The  question  is  involved,  but  may  be 
stated  as  follows:  The  grants  to  Stover  were  finally  made  under  the 
head-right  act,  which  gave  fifty  acres  of  land  for  each  person  imported 
into  the  colony.  This  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  in  each  of  the  grants 
to  him  the  names  of  100  persons  are  given,  comprised  in  five  family 
names,  which  makes  twenty  persons  in  each  family.  With  possibly  two 
exceptions,  these  names  were  fictitious,  and  Stover  was  clearly  guilty 
of  fraud  in  this  transaction.  The  persons  named  were  not  settled  upon 
the  land,  and  it  is  related  that  he  gave  human  names  to  his  cows,  dogs, 
and  hogs,  in  order  to  comply  with  the  law.  (Kercheval,  History  of  the 
Valley,  2nd  ed.,  1850,  pp.  41-42.)  In  the  Calendar,  Vol.  I,  pp.  219-220, 
appears  the  petition  of  Adam  Mueller  (Miller)  and  other  Germans  rela- 
tive to  certain  lands  which  they  had  purchased  "about  four  years  past," 
from  one  Jacob  Stover,  for  which  they  had  paid  "upwards  of  400 
pounds,"  and  the  land  was  "known  by  the  name  of  Massanutting.'* 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  121 

self  &  divers  Germans  &  Swiss  Families,  his  Associates,  whom 
he  proposes  to  bring  thither  to  dwell  in  two  years  space.  It 
is  Ordered  by  the  Governour,  with  the  advice  of  the  Council, 
that  ten  thousand  acres  of  Land  lying  within  the  bounds  above 

The  petition  recites  that  they  had  purchased  this  land  in  good  faith 
from  Stover,  believing  his  title  to  be  valid;  that  they  were  not  privy 
to  any  fraud  perpetrated  by  him  in  securing  the  land  which  was  then 
being  claimed  by  William  Beverly,  Gent.,  who  was  suing  Stover  in  the 
General  Court  to  recover  it.  The  latter  was  described  as  being  "very 
poor  and  daily  expected  to  run  away."  The  petitioners  alleged  the 
foregoing  facts  as  equitaWe  reasons  why  their  purchase  from  Stover 
should  be  confirmed  to  them.  They  came  from  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
and  their  names,  with  the  exception  of  Miller's,  are  incorrectly  given 
in  the  Calendar,  soijie  being  represented  as  illegible.  The  original  peti- 
tion is  still  in  existence,  on  file  in  the  State  Library  at  Richmond.  A 
recent  examination  of  this  paper  shows  the  names  of  the  petitioners 
to  have  been  Adam  Mueller  (Miller),  Abram  Strickler,  Mathias  Selzer, 
Philip  Lang  (Long),  Paul  Lung  (Long),  Michael  Rinehart,  Hans 
(John)  Rood,  and  Michael  Kaufman.  Unfortunately,  the  petition  is 
not  dated,  although  the  Calendar  assigns  to  it  the  year  1733. 

Bearing  in  mind  the  averment  in  the  petition  that  these  pioneers  had 
settled  at  "Massanutting"  about  four  years  prior  to  the  actual  date  of 
the  paper,  external  evidence  must  be  sought  to  fix  its  date,  anjd  conse- 
quently the  year  when  their  settlement  was  made.  On  pp.  217-218  of 
the  Calendar  (Vol.  I),  is  a  letter  from  William  Beverly  to  some  person 
whose  name  is  not  given,  but  probably  his  attorney.  This  letter  is 
dated  April  30,  1732,  and  states  that  he  desires  to  obtain  an  Order  of 
Council  "for  15,000  acres  of*  land  lying  on  both  sides  of  ye  main  river 
of  Shenandoah,  to  include  an  old  field  known  by  ye  name  of  Massanut- 
ting Town."  Beverly  stated  that  he  did  not  wish  to  supplant  any  one 
else,  and  requested  that  the  Council  office  be  searched  to  ascertain  if 
there  was  an  Order  in  force  granting  this  land  to  other  persons.  He 
also  stated  that  "ye  northern  men  are  fond  of  buying  land  there,*' 
because  they  could  get  it  cheaper  than  in  Pennsylvania,  which  averment 
is  positive  proof  that  immigrants  from  that  colony  were  settling  on  the 
South  Branch  6i  the  Shenandoah  in  the  Page  Valley,  prior  to  April 
30,  1732,  the  date  of  Beverly's  letter. 

A  Council  Order  bearing  date  May  5,  1732,  which  will  appear  in 
chronological  sequence,  shows  that  to  William  Beverly,  Gent,  was 
granted  "fifteen  thousand  acres  on  the  North  West  Side  of  Sherundo 
River,  including  a  place  called  Massanutting  Town,  provided  the  same 
do  not  interfere  with  any  of  the  Tracts  already  granted  in  that  part 
of  the  Colony."    Another  Council  Order,  bearing  date  December  12, 


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122  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Described  be  assigned  the  Petitioner  to  be  laid  of  [f]  in  Such 
Tracts  as  he  shall  think  Fit  for  the  accomodacon  of  himself 
&  his  Partners,  provided  that  one  Family  for  each  Thousand 
acres  do  come  to  inhabit  there  within  the  time  proposed,  And 


1733,  shows  that  a  caveat  filed  by  William  Beverly  against  Jacob  Stover 
concerning  lands,  was  dismissed,  and  grants  were  ordered  to  be  issued 
to  the  latter,  which  was  done  December  15,  1733,  as  above  stated.  From 
the  foregoing  statement  of  facts,  the  conclusions  inevitably  follow  that 
the  land  bought  by  these  Germans  was  identical  with  the  lands  men- 
tioned in  Beverly's  letter  of  April  30,  1732,  and  that  granted  to  him  by 
Council  Order  of  May  5,  1732.  which  both  of  these  Orders  located  at 
Massanutton,  where  the  petitioners  lived ;  that  it  was  the  same  land 
mentioned  in  the  Order  of  December  12,  1733,  dismissing  Beverly's 
caveat  against  Stover  and  granting  the  latter  two  tracts  of  5,000  acres 
each  on  the  Shenandoah ;  that  the  petition  of  the  Germans  must  have 
been  filed  before  the  termination  of  these  legal  proceedings,  which  gives 
the  petition  date  some  time  in  1733;  and  finally,  that  they  had  settled 
at  Massanutton  about  four  years  prior  to  the  latter  date,  which  would 
place  them  there  in  1729  or  1730,  most  probably  the  latter  year,  when 
the  Council  Order  for  10,000  acres  to  Stover  was  passed. 

There  is,  however,  some  evidence  which  points  to  a  later  date  for 
the  Massanutton  settlement,  and  it  will  be  stated  in  order  that  future 
investigators  may  be  in  full  possession  of  all  the  facts.  The  original 
papers  in  the  chancery  cause  of  Stone  vs.  Stover  are  on  file  in  the  old 
records  of  Orange  County  Court.  This  suit  was  brought  by  Ludowick 
Stone  against  Jacob  Stover  April  25.  1737,  and  the  bill  recites  that  some 
time  in  or  about  the  year  1734^  the  complainant  and  his  partners,  then 
residing  in  Pennsylvania,  had  purchased  5,000  acres  of  land  from  the 
defendant,  who  conveyed  4,000  acres  of  the  tract,  but  refused  to  execute 
a  conveyance  of  the  remaining  1,000  acres  to  Philip  Lung  (Long), 
according  to  agreement ;  that  Stover  had  executed  his  bond  in  the  penal 
sum  of  500  pounds  to  convey  the  full  quantity  of  land,  but  while  com- 
plainant was  absent  in  Pennsylvania  the  defendant  had  persuaded  Abram 
Strickler,  in  whose  possession  the  bond  had  been  left,  to  surrender  the 
same,  and  Stover  then  refused  to  carry  out  his  contract,  and  Stone 
commenced  the  suit  for  specific  performance.  Stover  answered  various 
interrogatories  propounded  in  the  bill.  He  set  up  several  defenses,  but 
admitted  all  the  material  allegations.  He  gave  the  names  of  Stone*s 
partners  as  follows:  Abram  Strickler,  Mathias  Selzer,  Frederick  Stone, 
John  Brupecker  {Brubaker),  and  John  Stickly.  He  also  stated  that 
the  consideration  to  be  paid  for  the  land  was  230  pounds,  and  the 
quantity  which  they  were  to  receive  was  3. too  acres.  This  suit  was 
dismissed  June  23,  1737.      A  counter  suit  was  brought  by  Stover  against 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  123 

in  the  meantime  that  no  P'son  be  permitted  to  enter  for  or  take 
the  same  other  than  the  Pef^  &  his  Associates. 


Sundry  Peticons  for  takmg  up  Wast  Lands  were  read  & 
granted  as  follows,  (Viz.): 

To  Wm.   Beverly"    12,000  acres  of   Land   in   Spotsilvania 

Stone  and  his  associates,  the  papers  of  which  could  not  be  found.  It 
was  dismissed  March  23.  1738.  The  land  records  of  Orange  county. 
Va.,  show  that  by  four  deeds,  bearing  date  December  15,  1735,  Stover 
had  conveyed  to  all  the  foregoing  parties,  except  Stickly,  3,100  acres  of 
land,  which  fact  sustains,  to  that  extent,  his  answer. 

These  particulars  are  stated  at  length  in  order  to  differentiate  the 
colonists  who  filed  their  petition  in  1733  from  Stone  and  his  associates. 
The  lands  of  both  colonies  lay  in  the  Massanutton  district,  a  term 
applied  to  the  entire  Page  Valley,  but  the  difference  in  the  names  of 
the  persons  composing  the  two  colonies  seems  sufficient  to  prove  that 
they  were  not  one  and  the  same,  when  considered  in  connection  with 
the  difference  in  price  paid  by  them  for  their  lands.  Of  the  eight  peti- 
tioners of  1733,  the  names  of  only  three  appear  in  the  papers  of  Stone 
vs.  Stover — Abram  Strickler,  Mathias  Selzcr,  and  Philip  Long.  Both 
colonies  came  from  Lancaster  county.  Pa.,  and  the  connection  between 
them  was  probably  close.  But  all  the  facts  stated  above  lead  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  petitioners  of  1733  made  their  settlement  on  the 
Shenandoah  in  the  neighborhood  of  present  Luray  in  the  summer  of 
1730,  and  therefore  was  the  first  permanent  white  settlement  west  of 
the  Blue  Ridge. 

Jacob  Stover  died  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  in  1741,  his  son  Jacob 
qualifying  as  his  administrator.  The  Christian  name  of  his  wife  was 
Ruth.  A  recital  in  a  deed  from  him  to  Peter  Bowman  in  1736,  recorded 
at  Orange,  Va.,  shows  that  he  was  living  at  that  time  on  the  South 
Branch  of  the  Shenandoah. 

"William  Beverly,  mentioned  in  this  Order,  was  actively  engaged  in 
the  early  development  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley.  He  was  a  native  of 
Essex  county,  Va.,  the  son  of  Robert  Beverly,  the  Virginia  Historian, 
and  occupied  a  prominent  position  in  the  public  affairs  of  the  colony. 
In  1736  he  received,  with  others,  a  grant  of  118,000  acres  of  land  in  the 
present  county  of  Augusta,  then  Orange.  The  city  of  Staunton  is 
situated  within  the  bounds  of  Beverly's  Manor,  as  the  grant  was  termed. 
A  letter  written  by  Colonel  Beverly,  August  8,  1737,  to  Captain  James 
Patton  at  Kircubright,  Scotland,  shows  that  they  were  then  endeavor- 
ing to  induce  immigrants  from  the  north  of  Ireland,  and,  if  necessary, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  settle  on  these  Valley  lands.     Tn  this  they  were 


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124  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

County,  on  Fox  River  Cannon's  Rivers,  by  the  Branches  of 
Elk  River,  red  Oak  Mountains  &  foot  of  the  great  Moun- 
taine. 


July  9,  1730. 

On  reading  at  this  Board  a  memorial  of  Coll.  Spotswood. 
late  Lieut.  Governor  of  Virginia,  setting  forth  that  in  the 
year  1722,  at  the  Instance  of  both  Houses  of  Assembly,  he 
undertook  a  Journev  of  upwards  of  twelve  hundred  Miles  to 
treat  with  the  Northern  Indians*  at  Albany  [and]  at  Conestogo 
that  upon  his  representing  to  the  House  of  Burgesses  how 

highly  successful,  and  to  them  is  largely  due  the  fact  that  the  present 
counties  of  Augusta  and  Rockbridge  were  peopled  by  the  Scotch-Irish 
race.  (William  and  Mary  College  Quarterly,  Vol.  Ill,  p.  226.)  Many 
of  Beverly's  deeds  to,  these  early  settlers  are  recorded  at  Orange,  Va., 
the  first  being  to  John  Lewis  for  2,071  acres.  It  bears  date  February  20, 
1738.  (Peyton  History  of  Augusta  county,  1882,  p.  327.)  Colonel 
Lewis,  however,  had  settled  near  the  present  site  of  Staunton  in  1732. 

The  land  mentioned  in  this  Order  was  situated  in  the  present  county 
of  Culpeper,  then  a  part  of  Spotsylvania.  Cannon's  river  was  an  early 
name  for  the  Rappahannock,  and  is  so  called  on  maps  of  the  Northern 
Neck,  1736-37,  referred  to  in  a  previous  note. 

•This  Order  has  reference  to  the  Treaty  of  Albany  (1722), 
of  which  mention  was  made  in  the  April  number  of  the  maga- 
zine. A  subsequent  Order  shows  that  the  Governor's  just  claim  for 
expenses  was  finally  paid,  and  also  discloses  the  fact  that  he  was 
superseded  in  his  office  by  Governor  Drysdale  while  absent  on  this 
important  mission.  The  negotiation  of  this  treaty  seems  to  have  been 
his  last  official  act.  It  was  among  the  most  notable  of  his  many  bene- 
ficial achievements  for  the  colony,  because  it  ended  the  ancient  warfare 
between  the  Five  Nations  and  the  tributary  Indians  of  Virginia,  al- 
though it  failed  to  stop  the  strife  of  more  than  a  century  between  the 
former  tribes  and  the  Catawbas,  as  has  been  shown. 

While  at  Albany,  Governor  Spotswood  determined  to  conclude  a 
treaty  at  Conestoga  with  the  Indians,  subject  to  the  jurisdiction  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  made  preparations  to  do  so.  Governor  Hamilton  of 
that  colony,  who  was  also  present  at  Albany,  communicated  Governor 
Spotswood's  purpose  to  his  Council,  which  passed  a  resolution  declaring 
the  proposed  conference  to  be  undesirable.  (Minutes  of  the  Provincial 
Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  Ill,  p.  202.)  This  accounts  for  the 
language  of  the  Order,  "At  Albany  [and  at]  Conestoga." 

The  report  of  the  proceedings  at  the  Treaty  of  Albany  shows  that 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF  VIRGINIA.  125 

the  King's  Revenue,  given  for  the  support  of  the  Govern- 
m*t,  was  that  year  so  burthened  with  Extraordinary  charges 
that  it  would  hardly  be  able  to  bear  the  Expense  of  the  in- 
tended Treaty  without  some  assistance  from  them,  they  gave 
one  Thousand  pounds  for  that  service,  which  sum  fell  short 
of  the  Expenses  more  than  six  hundred  pounds,  &  which  ex- 
ceedings  Governour  Drysdale  promised  to  lay  before  the  next 
assembly,  but  nothing  being  done  in  that  behalf,  he  applyed 
by  a  peticon  in  England  for  a  reimbursement  of  the  s*  ex- 
penses, but  was  answered  that  he  should  nrst  apply  to  the 
Governm't  here  for  the  same  that  before  hs  arrival  in  this 
colony  his  atty.  had  given  in  that  Claim  to  the  House  of  Bur- 
gesses, that  the  House  had  thereupon  came  to  a  Resolution 
which  doth  not  regret  the  charge,  but  only  declares  that  they 
have  already  paid  as  far  as  they  had  engaged  to  assist  the  Reve- 
nue &  adding  divers  Reasons  why  he  conceived  his  said  claim 


Governor  Spotswood  closed  the  conference  by  making  an  address  to 
the  Indian  deputies  of  the  Six  Nations.  The  following  is  the  literal  lan- 
guage used  by  the  reporter  of  the  proceedings,  italics  included :  "Then 
the  Governor  told  them  he  must  take  particular  notice  of  their  Speaker 
&  gave  him  a  golden  Horse  Shoe,  which  he  wore  at  his  Breast,  &  bid 
the  Interpreter  tell  him  there  was  an  inscription  upon  [it]  which  Signi- 
fied that  it  would  help  to  pass  over  the  mountains,  and  that  when  any 
of  their  people  should  come  to  Virginia  with  a  pass  they  should  bring 
it  with  them."  (Documents  Relative  to  the  Colonial  History  of  the 
State  of  Neiv  York,  Albany,  1855,  Vol.  V,  p.  677.) 

The  foregoing  was  delivered  at  Albany  on  Septeml>er  12,  1722,  and 
is  the  positive  evidence  of  Governor  Spotswood  himself  that  such  an 
organization  as  the  "Knights  of  the  Golden  Horse  Shoe"  was  formed 
to  commemorate  the  expedition  of  1716.  The  language  used  also  proves 
that  history  and  tradition  have  rightly  handed  down  the  motto  of  the 
"Horse  Shoe  Knights,"  *'Sic  juvat  transcendere  monies"— Thus  it  is  a 
pleasure  to  cross  the  mountains.  (Hugh  Jones,  Present  State  of  Vir- 
ginia, London,  1724,  p.  14;  quoted  by  Fiske  in  Old  Virginia  And  Her 
Seighbors,  Vol.  II,  p.  386.) 

Governor  Spotswood  was  addressed  by  the  Five  Nations,  at  Albany, 
as  "Assarigoe,"  the  name  given  to  the  Governors  of  Virginia  by  the 
Iroquois.  It  was  first  applied  to  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham  at  the 
Albany  Conference  of  1684.  and  signified  a  cutlass  or  scimetar.  (AVit- 
York  Documents,  Vol.  V,  p.  670.) 


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126  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

to  be  a  Debt  which  this  Governni't  ought  in  Honour  &  Justice 
to  see  discharged,  the  Council  took  the  s**  Memorial  into  con- 
sideracon,  and  are  thereupon  of  Opinion  that  tho'  it  is  reason- 
able that  Coll.  Spotswood  should  be  paid  all  necessary  Dis- 
bursements expended  by  him  for  the  service  of  the  Govern- 
ment, yet  the  Services  mencon'd  in  his  said  Memorial  having 
been  performed  Eight  years  ago,  and  no  Demand  for  the 
charges  thereof  made  till  now,  it  is  fit  to  wait  for  Directions 
from  great  Britain  before  any  Determinacon  thereof  here  & 
to  that  purpose  that  the  Governour  be  pleas'd  to  represent 
the  Case  to  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  his  Majesty's  Treas- 
ury &  Lords  Commissioners  of  Trade  &  plantacons  &  to  trans- 
mit a  copy  of  Coll.  Spots  wood's  Memorial,  and  of  the  account 
exhibited  by  him  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  requiring  their 
Lordships  directions  thereon. 


Oct.  28,  1730. 

Whether  his  Majesty,  by  order  of  his  Privy  Council,  bear- 
ing date  the  19th  day  of  Xov'r,  1729,  was  graciously  pleas'd 
to  declare  his  pleasure  that  the  remission  of  Rights  formerly 
granted  to  the  [patentees]  of  Lands  in  the  counties  of  Bruns- 
wick &  Spotsilvania  should  be  extended  to  all  [other  tracts  of] 
Land  not  exceeding  six  thousand  acres  in  the  said  county  of 
Spotsilvania;  [and  whereas]  divers  P'sons  entitled  to  his 
Majesty's  bounty  have  purchased  the  Rig/^ts  [to  the  tracts  of] 
lands  granted  them  by  Patent,  &  have  n^vv  made  application 
for  repayment  of  tlie  same.  It  is  Ordered  that  for  all  Tracts 
of  Lands  taken  up  under  the  Encouragement  of  Remission  of 
Rights  for  (from)  the  first  day  of  May,  1721,  to  the  first  of 
May,  1728,  and  for  which  Rights  have  been  purchased  by  hi;> 
Majesty's  Receiver  Gen'l,  the  like  number  of  Rights  be  re- 
turned to  the  said  Patentees,  so  as  the  quantity  of  Land  for 
which  the  same  are  to  be  return'd  not  do  exceed  six  thousand 
acres  and  the  officers  of  his  Majesties  Revenue  are  hereby 
empower 'd  to  deliver  out-  Rights  accordingly  to  such  P'sons 
as  are  eiititul'd  thereto. 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  Vzl 

Alexander  Ross  &  Morgan  Bryan^  of  the  province  of  Pen- 
silvania,  having  by  their  petition  to  this  board  set  forth  that 
they  &  divers  other  Families  of  the  s*  Province,  amounting  to 
one  hundred,  are  desirous  to  remove  from  thence  &  settle 
themselves  in  the  [this?]  Government,  &  praying  that  100,000 
acres  of  land  lying  on  the  West  and  North  side  of  the  River 
Opeckon,  and  extending  thence  to  a  mountain  called  the  North 
Mountain  &  along  the  River  Cohangaruton  &  on  any  part  of 
the  River  Sherundo  not  already  granted  to  any  other  P'son, 
may  be  granted  them  in  as  many  Tracts  or  Dividends  as  shall 
be  necessary  for  the  accomodacon  of  the  afs^  Number  of  fam- 
ilies. The  Governour,  with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  is 
pleased  to  order  as  it  is  hereby  Ordered  that  the  said  Alex- 
ander Ross  &  Morgan  Bryan,  the  Petitioners  in  behalf  at 
— 1 

'Alexander  Ross  and  Morgan  Bryan  founded  upon  this  grant  a 
colony  of  Friends,  which  flourished  for  many  years  in  Frederick 
county,  Va.  Ross,  the  leader  in  that  movement,  was  a  native  of  Ireland, 
and  came  to  America  about  the  beginning  of  the  i8th  century,  first 
settling  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  but  later  his  home  was  in  Cecil  county, 
Md.  In  1732  he  sold  his  possessions  there  and  removed  to  the  present 
county  of  Frederick,  Va.,  with  Josiah  Ballenger,  James  Wright,  Evan 
Thomas,  and  others.  They  formed  Hopewell  Monthly  Meeting,  which 
church  is  five  miles  north  of  Winchester,  on  the  Opequon  river.  The 
records  of  Nottingham  Monthly  Meeting,  which  church  is  in  the  present 
county  of  Cecil,  Md.,  indicate  that  the  Hopewell  congregation  was 
formed  in  1734.  and  therefore  was  probably  the  first  church  organiza- 
tion of  any  denomination  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia. 

Of  Morgan  Bryan  little  is  definitely  known.  He  obtained  several 
grants  of  land  in  the  vicinity  of  Winchester,  which  bear  date  November 
i^.  1735-  The  Council  Order  upon  which  these  grants  issued  is  recited 
as  bearing  date  April  23,  1735,  and  indicates  that  the  present  Order  had 
l>een  renewed,  probably  because  Ross  and  Bryan  had  not  been  able  to 
settle  the  requisite  number  of  families  upon  the  land  within  the  required 
time.  The  Virginia  land  records  at  Richmond  contain  the  names  of 
many  Friends  who  obtained  grants  in  the  neighborhood  of  Winchester 
at  this  period.  All  of  these  grants  bear  the  same  date,  November  12, 
1735.  The  writer  is  indebted  to  Mr.  Kirk  Brown,  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  for 
valuable  information  concerning  the  settlement  of  Friends  in  Frederick 
county.  (See  also  his  article  entitled  "Early  Settlement  of  Friends  in 
the  Valley  of  Virginia,"  li'est  Virginia  Historical  Magacine,  Vol.  Ill, 
PP-  55-59  ) 


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128  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

themselves  and  their  partners  have  liberty  to  take  up  the  said 
quantity  of  100,000  acres  of  Land  within  the  Limits  above  de- 
scribed, and  that  upon  the  above  number  of  families  coming 
to  dwell  there  within  two  years  Patents  shall  be  granted  them 
in  such  manner  as  they  shall  agre  to  divide  the  same,  and 
in  the  mean  time  it  is  Ordered  that  the  said  lands  be  reserved 
free  for   [from]  the  Entring  of  any  other  P'son. 


Upon  presenting  the  aforemencond  Petition  R^  Carter,  Esqr  , 
agent  for  the  proprietor  of  the  Northern  Neck,  desired  that  it 
might  be  here  Entred  that  he,  in  behalf  of  the  said  Proprietor, 
claimed  the  said  land  now  peticoned  for  as  within  th^  limits 
of  the  said  proprietor's  Grant*. 


Nov.  4,  1730. 

Whereas  divers  p'sons  have  taken  out  patents  for  great 
Tracts  of  Land  in  Spotsilvania  County,  for  which  they  pur- 
chased no  Rights,  but  gave  bond  for  the  payment  thereof 
when  his  Majesty's  pleasure  should  be  known,  and  his  Ma- 
jesty having  now  signified  his  pleasure  for  omitting  the  Rights 


^This  Order  shows  that  Colonel  Robert  Carter  was  vigilant  in  guard- 
ing the  interests  of  Lord  Fairfax,  whose  lands  were  being  rapidly 
granted  by  the  Crown. 

In  this  connection  the  fact  is  worthy  of  historical  preservation  that 
the  first  organized  efforts  to  colonize  the  Valley  of  Virginia  were 
largely  made  by  men  of  English  .descent,  whose  homes  were  in  Tide- 
water Virginia,  near  Chesapeake  Bay.  Colonel  Carter  lived  in  Lan- 
caster; Mann  Page  in  Gloucester;  William  Beverly  in  Essex;  John 
Robinson  in  Essex;  and  Joseph  Smith  in  King  and  Queen.  This  list 
could  be  extended  and  made  to  include  nearly  every  man  bearing  an 
English  name  who  was  granted  lands  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia  during 
the  period  covered  by  these  Council  Orders.  It  is  true  that  the  actual 
settlement  of  the  country  was  made  by  men  who  belonged  either  to  the 
German  or  the  Scotch-Irish  race,  and  they  were  the  people  who  laid 
the  foundations  of  organized  society  there  and  suffered  the  privations 
and  perils  of  frontier  life,  and  to  them  must  be  accorded  the  credit  of  a 
great  accomplishment.  In  doing  so,  however,  it  should  not  be  forgotten 
that  the  leaders  in  the  movement  were  Tidewater  Virginians  whose 
keen  foresight  led  them  across  the  still  vacant  lands  of  Piedmont  Vir- 
ginia to  the  richer  country  beyond  the  Blue  Ridge. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD  MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  129 

[due  Upon  grant  not  exceeding]  6,000  acres,  to  each  Patentee, 
It  is  therefore  Ordered  that  the  Officers  of  his  Majesty's  Reve- 
nue do  demand  of  the  several  Patentees  holding  larg  [er] 
quantities  than  six  thousand  Acres,  the  money  due  to  his 
Majesty  for  the  Rights  of  such  surplus  Land,  &,  upon  refusal 
of  such  payment,  to  cause  their  Bonds  to  be  put  in  Suit. 


Upon  peticon  of  William  Beverley,  Joseph  Smith  &  Joseph 
Clapham,  Gent. :  leave  is  granted  them  to  take  up  twenty  thou- 
sand acres  of  Land  upon  Cohohgaratoon  [Potomac  river],  be- 
ginning at  the  Mouth  of  Conecachigh  [Conacocheague]  River, 
and  up  both  sides  thereof  along  the  Bank  of  Conhongaratoon' 
to  include  that  quantity. 


On  the  Peticon  of  Aug.  More  [Moore]  &  John  Robinson. 
Gent,*®  leave  is  granted  them  to  take  up  thirty  thousand  acres 

"Cohongoronta  was  the  Iroquian  name  for  the  Potomac  river  west 
of  the  Blue  Ridge.  The  word  is  spelled  in  various  ways  by  different 
authorities,  but  the  above  is  given  in  the  official  proceedings  of  the 
Treaty  of  Lancaster  and  may  be  accepted  as  authoritative. 

The  map  entitled  "The  Courses  of  the  River  Rappahannock  and  Pato- 
mac  in  Virginia,  etc.,  in  jy$6  &  1737,"  to  which  reference  has  been  made, 
shows  two  Shawnee  villages  on  this  stream,  both  marked  "Deserted." 
One  was  opposite  the  mouth  of  the  South  Branch  of  the  Potomac;  the 
other  about  fifteen  miles  further  up  the  main  stream,  and  both  were 
on  the  northern  bank.  "The  Waggon  Road  to  Philadelphia"  is  also 
shown,  apparently  crossing  the  Potomac  at  Williamsport,  Md.,  and  this 
was  probably  the  Yadkin  river  road  to  Philadelphia,  mentioned  in  the 
last  issue  of  the  magazine.  This  is  the  earliest  reference  to  a  road  in 
the  Valley  of  Virginia,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  great  tide  of  German 
and  Scotch-Irish  immigration,  which  was  then  sweeping  into  Virginia 
from  Pennsylvania,  crossed  the  Potomac  at  the  site  of  present  Wil- 
liamsport, Md.. 

'^The  wording  of  this  order  indicates  that  the  boundary  line  between 
Maryland  and  Virginia  was  not  clearly  defined  at  this  period.  The 
lands  embraced  in  this  grant  were  certainly  north  of  the  Potomac, 
because  the  Antietam  and  Conacocheague  flow  into  that  stream  from 
the  Maryland  side.  A  subsequent  Order  shows  that  a  doubt  existed 
2 


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130  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  Land  upon  the  River  Cohong^ratoon,  beginning  at  the 
mouth  of  Andirton  [Antietam]  River,  &  extending  to  within 
three  Miles  of  the  mouth  of  Conecakigh  River. 


Joseph  Smith,  Gent.,  having  peticoned  for  twenty  thousand 
acres  of  Land  lying  on  the  North  side  of  the  River  Opeckon. 
It  is  Ordered  that  the  s*  Peticon  be  refer'd  until  tJie  return 
of  Alexander  Ross  &  Morgan  Bryan  &  their  Partners  from 
Pensilvania,  in  order  to  discover  whether  the  Lands  men- 
coned  in  the  s**  peticon  interfere  with  the  Land  granted  to 
them. 


June  lo,  1 73 1. 

On  reading  at  this  Board  the  peticon  of  Will"  Beverly,  of 
the  County  of  Essex,  Gent. :  Joseph  Smith,  of  the  County  of 
King  &  Queen,  Gent.,  Joseph  Clapham,  Tho*  Watkins  &  Simon 
Jeffries  setting  forth  that  they  are  desirous  to  take  up  &  seat 


in  the  minds  of  the  Virginia  Council  as  to  the  propriety  of  grantin«r 
lands  north  of  the  Potomac.  Disputes  have  arisen  from  time  to  time 
between  the  two  States  concerning  the  boundary  line  as  defined  by  the 
Potomac,  but  these  controversies  occurred  at  a  much  later  tifne  and  do 
not  concern  the  history  of  this  period. 

John  Robinson,  Gent,  mentioned  in  this  Order,  was  doubtless  Hon. 
John  Robinson,  a  member  of  the  Virpinia  Council,  President  of  that 
body  for  a  time  after  the  retirement  of  Governor  Gooch,  and  as  such 
Acting  Governor  of  Virginia.  His  son,  Beverly  Robinson,  married 
Susanna  Phillips,  of  New  York,  one  of  the  ladies  to  whom  tradition 
assigns  the  honor  of  having  refused  the  hand  of  General  Washington. 
By  his  wife,  Beverly  Robinson  acquired  a  great  estate  in  New  York, 
and  removed  to  that  colony.  At  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution  he 
was  inclined  to  the  popular  cause,  but  the  importunity  of  friends  over- 
ruled his  better  judgment  and  he  finally  cast  his  fortunes  with  the 
Crown.  He  raised  The  Loyal  American  Regiment  and  saw  much  active 
service.  His  five  sons  were  also  officers  in  the  British  service.  Two 
of  his  cousins,  Christopher  and  Robert  Robinson,  of  Virginia,  also 
served  as  officers  in  his  regiment.  All  of  them  were  gallant  and  meri- 
torious soldiers,  and  they  constitute  the  most  distinguished  family 
group  of  Loyalists  in  the  Revolution.  (Sabine,  Loyalists  of  the  Ameri- 
can  Revolution,  Boston,    1864,   Vol.   II,  pp.   221-229.) 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  131 

a  large  Tract  of  Land  beyond  the  Mountains  within  this  Do- 
minion, upon  the  same  Terms  &  Conditions  as  Lands  have 
been  granted  to  John  &  Isaac  Van  Meter,  Morgan  Bryan  & 
others,  and  praying  a  grant  of  twenty  thousand  acres  of  Land 
lying  Westerly  of  the  blew  [Blue]  Ridge  of  Mountains  in 
the  main  fork  of  Opeckon"  &  up  the  Northern  Branch  in  fork 
thereof  to  its  head,  &  from  thence  to  Conai  als,  the  lost  River, 
&  up  the  Southerly  side  thereof  for  the  Northerly  bounds  of 
the  s^  Tract,  &  for  the  Southerly  bounds  to  run  up  the  south- 
em  branch  of  the  said  fork  of  Opeckon  to  the  head  thereof, 
and  from  thence  to  Cedar  Creek,  which  issues  out  of  the  North- 
em  branch  or  fork  of  Sherundo  River,  thence  up  the  South - 
em  side  of  the  said  Creek  &  the  most  Southerly  Branches 
thereof  to  its  head,  &  from  thence  westernly  to  a  branch  of  the 
afs*  River  Canai.  or  the  lost  River.  It  is  Ordered  that  the 
pet"  have  leave  to  take  up  the  afs*  quantity  of  twenty  thousand 
acfes  of  Land  within  the  bounds  above  described,  not  being 


^'Tt  is  difficult  to  locate  with  exactness  the  lands  mentioned 
in  this  Order,  because  the  descriptions  are  somewhat  vague. 
However,  it  is  certain  that  the  grant  was  partfy  in  the  southwestern 
portion  of  present  Frederick  and  the  northwestern  portion  of 
present  Shenandoah  counties.  The  headquarters  of  Cedar  and  Stony 
creeks  approach  closely  in  that  section,  and  this  fact  makes  the  identifi- 
cation almost  certain.  The  boundary  lines  also  carry  this  grant  across 
the  North  Mountains  to  the  headwaters  of  Capon  river.  "Conai,"  or 
Lost  river,  here  mentioned,  is  the  upper  course  of  present  Capon 
river,  which  in  early  times  was  called  Cacapchon,  doubtless  an  Indian 
name.  It  rises  in  Hardy  county.  W.  Va..  and  flows  in  a  northeasterly 
direction.  The  present  name  is  derived  from  the  fact  that  in  one  por- 
tion of  its  course  it  flows  under  a  mountain  for  a  distance  of  three 
miles.  Washington  sur\'eyed  lands  on  this  stream  in  1748-1750.  and  his 
field  notes  show  a  sectional  view  of  Lost  river  flowing  under  the 
mountain.  (Washington's  Journal  of  My  Journey  Over  the  Mountains, 
1747-48,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  1894,  facing  p.  73.) 

In  Mr.  Mooney's  valuable  work,  which  has  been  frequently  quoted 
in  these  notes,  reference  is  made,  on  page  22,  to  the  tribes  which  the 
Iroquois  declared  at  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster  (1744)  they  had  conquered 
in  the  country  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  suggests  in  an  interrogative 
way  that  one  of  them,  the  Cahnowas-Ronow,  may  have  been  the  Conoy 
Indians.  The  name  Conai,  or  Canai,  as  given  in  these  notes,  suggests 
that  possibly  this  stream  may  have  perpetuated  for  a  time  the  name 


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132  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

already  granted  to  any  other  person.  Upon  condicon,  neverthe- 
less, that  the  pet"  do  within  two  years  from  the  Date  of  the 
P*sent  Order  bringing  twenty  families  to  inhabit  the  said 
Tract  or  otherwise,  this  P'sent  grant  to  be  void,  and  it  is 
further  Ordered  that  as  soon  as  the  pet"  shall  have  settled  the 
said  Land  with  twenty  Families  a  Patent  be  granted  to  them 
for  the  same  upon  the  like  Reservacon  of  Quit  Rents  &  con- 
dition of  seating  and  planting  as  other  Lands  held  of  his  Ma- 
jesty within  this  Dominion. 


June  lo,  1731. 
On  the  petition  of  John  Fishback.  Jacob  Holtzclow."  Henry 

and  place  of  residence  of  a  tribe  once  identified  with  Appalachian  Vir- 
ginia. 

In  1763  the  Conoy  Indians  were  living  with  the  Iroquois  in  western 
New  York.  Sir  William  Johnson,  of  New  York,  in  a  letter  to  Arthur 
Lee,  Esq..  of  Virginia,  dated  February  28,  1771,  gives  some  interesting 
statistics  of  the  Iroquois  and  western  Indians.  He  places  in  one  group 
four  tribes,  among  them  the  Conoys.  The  aggregate  strength  of  these 
four  tribes  was  then  only  200  souls,  and  he  says  they  were  "a  people 
removed  from  the  southward  and  settled  on  and  about  the  Susque- 
hanna on  lands  allotted  to  the  Six  Nations."  (Stone,  Life  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Johnson,  Bari.,  Albany,   1865,  Vol.   II,  p.  487.) 

i2John  Fishback  and  Jacob  Holtzclaw  were  members  of  the  first 
colony  which  settled  at  Germanna  in  1714.  (Genealogy  of  the  Kemper 
Family,  Chicago,  1899,  pp.  5-53.)  The  other  persons  named  in  this 
Order  were  probably  members  of  the  colony  of  1717,  who  went  to  the 
Robinson  river  section  in  1724-1725.  John  Fishback.  by  his  will  dated 
March  11.  1733,  and  probated  in  Prince  William  county,  Va..  March  iq, 
1734,  devised  to  his  son.  Frederick  Fishback.  120  acres  of  land  **on  the. 
southeast  side  of  thanadore.  on  Curter  line."  This  will  was  written  by 
a  German,  whose  knowledge  of  English  seems  to  have  been  imperfect, 
and  in  the  quotation  given  "thanadore"  means  Shenandoah,  and 
"Curter"  is  intended  for  Carter.  The  ownership  by  John  Fishback  of 
land  on  the  Shenandoah  adjoining  the  Carter  grant,  fixes  the  location 
">f  this  tract  in  the  vicinity  of  Front  Royal,  at  which  place  the  North 
and  South  branches  of  that  stream  unite.  The  recital  in  the  Order  that 
the  tract  was  "above  the  Land  of  Jacob  Sover  and  his  Partners,"  13 
clearly  an  error,  and  belozv  is  intended.  1.  c'..  down  the  river  from  the 
lower  grant  of  5.000  acres  to  Jacob  Stover,  which  a  previous  note  shows 
was  in  the  vicinity  of  present  Luray,  Va.     What  steps,  if  any,  were 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  188 

Settler,  Jacob  Senzaback,  Peter  Reid,  Michael  Shower,  John 
\'andehouse,  George  Wolf,  Wm.  Carpenter  &  John  Richlu  in 
behalf  of  themselves  and  other  German  Protestants  for  leave 
to  take  up  fifty  thousand  acres  of  Land  on  the  Westerly  side 
of  the  great  Mountains.  It  is  Of-dered  that  Leave  be  granted 
the  pet"  to  take  up  the  said  Quantity  of  Land  on  the  East  side 
the  second  fork  of  the  River  Sherundo  &  running  up  that 
fork  &  crossing  the  Neck  of  the  s**  fork  above  the  Land  of 
Jacob  Stover  &  his  Partners  upon  Condicon  that  the  Peti- 
tioners do  within  two  years  from  this  date  bring  fifty  Fam- 
ilies to  inhabit  the  s^  land.  Otherwise,  this  present  Grant  to 
be  void,  and  if,  upon  their  performing  the  s**  Condicon,  Pat- 
ents be  granted  them  for  the  S"*  Land,  under  the  same  Condi- 
cons  of  Cultivation  &  planting  and  paym't  of  Quit  Rents  as 
the  I^nds  held  of  his  Majesty  within  this  Dominion. 


Oct.  21,  1731. 
On  the  peticon  of  Rob't  McKay  &  Joost  Heyd^**,  of  the 


taken  to  colonize  this  land,  are  not  known  to  the  writer.  The  next 
succeeding  Order  seems  to  indicate  that  the  grant  was  assigned  to 
McKay  and  Hite,  but  John  Fishback  was  still  owning  land  on  the 
Shenandoah  in  1734,  as  shown  above.  McKay  and  Hitc  also  seem  to 
have  had  designs  upon  both  of  Stover's  grants  previously  mentioned, 
but  did  not  obtain  them.  However,  Stover  may  have  been  one  of  the 
*'German  Protestants'*  mentioned  in  this  Order,  whose  names  are  not 
recited. 

*2This  Order  contains  the  first  mention  of  Jost  Hite,  who 
was  among  the  earliest  settlers  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  Frequent 
mention  will  be  made  of  him  in  the  course  of  these  notes.  Upon  the 
authority  of  Kercheval,  who  wrote  more  than  a  hundred  years  after 
the  date  of  this  Order,  the  claim  has  been  persistently  made  that  Hite 
was  the  first  white  settler  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  (Kercheval,  p.  41.) 
That  such  was  not  the  case  is  clearly  demonstrated  by  the  naturaliza- 
tion papers  of  Adam  Miller,  who  settled  on  the  Shenandoah  in  1726  or 
1727.     Oyiliiam  and  Mary  College  Quarterly,  Vol.  IX,  p.  132.) 

According  to  Kercheval,  Hite  came  to  the  Valley  in  1732,  and  settled 
on  the  Opequon,  about  five  miles  south  of  Winchester.  In  1748  he  was 
living  on  Cedar  creek,  in  the  vicinity  of  Strasburg.  {Virginia  Maga- 
cine.  Vol.  XI,  p.  288.)  His  entire  family,  including  sons-in-law,  came 
with  him  to  Virginia.    They  were  active  in  developing  the  country,  and 


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134  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Province  of  Pensilvania,  setting  forth  that  they  &  divers  other 
Families  to  the  number  of  one  hundred  are  desirous  to  re- 
move from  thence  &  Seat  themselves  on  the  back  of  the  great 
Mountains  within  this  Colony,  &  praying  that  one  hundred 
thousand  acres  of  Land  lying  between  the  Line  of  the  Land 
granted  to  John  Vanmeter,  Jacob  Stover,  John  Fishback  &, 
others  may  be  assigned  them,  and  that  the  Residue  of  the  s*^ 
hundred  thousand  acres  may  be  assigned  upon  &  including  the 
several  Branches  of  Sherundo  River,  above  the  Land  of  the 
said  Stover  &  Fishback  and  his  Partners.  The  Governor, 
with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  is  pleas'd  to  order,  as  it  is 
hereby  Ordered,  that  the  pet™,  in  behalf  of  themselves  &  their 
Partners,  have  leave  to  take  up  the  S**  Quantity  of  100,000 
acres  of  Land  within  the  Limits  above  described,  &  that  upon 
the  above  Number  of  Families  coming  to  dwell  there  within 
two  Years,  Patents  shall  be  granted  them  in  such  manner 
as  they  shall  agree  to  divide  the  same. 


November  2,  1731. 

Whereas  by  his  Majesties  Instructions  to  the  Governour  of 
this  Dominion  a  Mapp  of  this  Colony  hath  been  required  to 
be  prepared  &  transmitted  to  his  Majesty  for  the  better  com- 
plying with  his  Majesty's  Commands.  It  is  resolved  that  John 
Robinson,  Esqr.,  be,  &  he  is  hereby,  appointed  to  have  the 
Direction  and  Care  of  preparing  a  General  Map"  of  this  Col- 


brought  in  many  families  from  Pennsylvania.  The  lands  which  he 
acquired  in  the  lower  Valley  became  the  subject  of  long  litigation 
between  him  and  Lord  Fairfax,  which  was  not  ended  until  after  the 
close  of  the  Revolution.  Jost  Hite  was  born  in  Strasburg,  Germany, 
and  probably  called  the  town  of  that  name  in  present  Shenandoah 
county  for  his  native  city.  He  died  in  1760,  and  has  left  a  numerous 
and  highly  respectable  posterity.  (See  IVest  Virginia  Historical  Maga- 
zine, Vol    III,  pp.  fjg-iig.) 

^^It  is  a  distinct  loss  to  history  that  no  copy  of  this  map, 
if  prepared,  is  known  to  be  in  existence.  The  maps  cited  in  pre- 
vious notes,  showing  the  Northern  Neck  grant,  seem  to  l)e  all  which  arc 
in  any  degree  contemporaneous  with  this  period.    The  Fry  and  Jeffer- 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  135 

ony  from  the  Sea  to  the  utmost  extent  thereof  now  inhabited, 
&  that  as  Soon  as  conveniently  may  be  he  lay  before  this 
Board  a  Scheme  for  the  better  accomplishing  this  Work,  to- 
gether with  a  Computacon  of  the  Expence  thereof. 


Nov.  4,  1 73 1. 

Whereas  John  Robinson,  Esqr.,  is  appointed  to  have  the 
Care  &  Direction  of  Surveying  &  preparing  a  Gen*  Mapp  of 
this  Colony,  It  is  Ordered  that  for  his  Trouble  therein  he  be 
allowed  the  Salary  of  one  hundred  &  fifty  pounds  Sterl.  P. 
Annum,  to  commence  from  the  25th  of  8**^  [  ?]  last,  &  that  the 
same  be  paid  out  of  his  Majesty's  Revenue  of  2  s.  p.  hhd. 


Dec.  15,  1731. 

Sundry  Peticons  for  Land  were  read  &  granted  as  follows : 
To  Charles  Chriswell"  5,000  [acres]  on  the  branches  of  the 

Robinson  &  adjoining  to  the  Land  taken  up  by  the  Germafis 

in  Spotsilvania  County. 


April  18,  1732. 

On  reading  at  this  Board  a  Lr'e  [letter]  from  Rip  Van  Dam. 
Esqr.,  President  of  his  Majesty's  Province  of  New  York^*,  de- 

son  Map  of  r75i  is  the  best  colonial  map  of  Virginia.  The  reader  is 
referred  to  Phillips*  Virginia  Cartography,  Smithsonian  Institution, 
1896,  for  further  information  relative  to  the  ancient  maps  of  Virginia, 
most  of  which  are  to  be  found  in  the  Library  of  Congress. 

i*This  was  probably  Charles  Chi  swell,  a  resident  of  Hanover  county, 
Va.,  in   1727.      (Calendar  of  Virginia  State  Papers,  Vol.   I,  p.  210.) 

He  probably  owned  the  iron  works  in  Spotsylvania  county,  mentioned 
by  Schnell,  the  Moravian  missionary,  in  his  diary  of  1743-1744.  (Vir- 
ginia Magazine,  Vol.  XI,  p.  379,  note.) 

The  land  here  mentioned  lay  in  the  present  county  of  Madison,  and 
the  Order  shows  that  the  Germans  who  built  Hebron  Church  had  estab- 
lished themselves  on  the  Robinson  river  prior  to  1731. 

i»Upon  the  death  of  Colonel  Montgomery,  Lieutenant-Governor  of 


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136  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

siring  the  Concurrence  of  this  Governm't  on  representing  to 
his  Majesty  the  Encroachments  made  by  the  french  from 
Canada  in  building  a  Fort  at  Crown  Point,  on  Corlaer's  Lake, 
within  the  Limits  of  the  s**  Province  &  within  three  days* 
journey  of  Albany,  the  Council  did  thereupon  request  the 
Goveniour  to  write  to  Mr.  Leheup  to  be  assisting  to  the  Agent 
of  New  York  in  any  Application  which  shall  be  thought  proper 
to  be  made  to  his  Majesty  for  removing  the  French  from  their 
said  settlem't  at  Crown  Point,  &  preventing  for  the  future  any 
Encroachm***  on  his  Majesty's  Dominion  on  this  Continent. 


Apl.  22,  1732. 

\^'hereas,  in  pursuance  of  the  Act  of  Assembly,  for  erecting 
the  County  of  Brunswick  a  Court  house  for  the  said  county,  is 
now  built  &  by  the  increase  of  Inhabitants  the  said  County 
judged  is  a  Capacity  to  have . Magistrates  of  its  own,  It  is  or- 
dered that  a  Commission  of  the  Peace  be  prepared  for  the  s** 
Cjounty,  &  that  Henry  Fox,  tjenry  Embry,  John  Wall,  John 
Irby,  George  Walton,  R**  Burch,  Nathaniel  Edwards,  W*" 
Wynn,  Charles  King  &  William  Machlin,  Gent.,  be  appointed 
Justices  for  the  said  County,  and  the  said  Rd.  Burch  is  ap- 
pointed Sheriff  for  the  sd.  County  for  the  ensuing  Year. 


Ordered  that  a  Writ  issue  for  erecting  [electing]  two  Bur- 
gesses for  the  said  County  of  Brunswick  to  serve  in  the  next 
Session  of  Assembly  appointed  to  meet  the  15th  of  next  Month. 


New  York,  who  has  been  previously  mentioned  in  these  orders,  Rip 
Van  Dam,  Esq.,  as  President  of  the  Council,  became  Acting  Governor 
of  that  colony  for  a  brief  period.  He  was  a  prominent  merchant  of 
New  York  City.  (Stone,  Life  of  Sir  William  Johnson,  Bart.,  Vol.  II, 
pp.  34-35.) 

"Corlaer's  Lake"  was  Lake  Champlain,  so-called  by  the  French  and 
Iroquois  Indians  from  the  name  of  an  individual  who  was  drowned 
in  its  waters.  The  Five  Nations  also  applied  this  name  to  the  Governors 
of  New  York.  (Colden,  History  of  the  Five  Nations,  ed.  1902,  Vol. 
I,  pp.  17,  29.)  This  order  is  significant  in  showing  that  at  this  early 
date  a  community  of  interest  was  recognized  as  existing  between  the 
northern  colony  of  New  York  and  the  southern  colony  of  Virginia. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  187 

May  5,  1732. 

Divers  of  the  Sapony  Indians  being  returned  into  this  Colony 
from  the  Cattabaws  this  day  attended  the  Gov^  &  in  behalf  of 
their  nation,  desir'd  that  they  may  have  leave  to  Settle  again 
under  the  protection  of  this  Governm't  intimating  also  that  the 
Saraw  Indians*^  are  willing  to  Cohabit  with  them,  and  it  is 
thereupon  resolv'd  That  Leave  be  granted  the  s**  Sapony  In- 
dians to  return  into  this  Colony  with  such  of  the  Saraws  as 
shall  think  fit  to  incorporate  with  them  &  to  seat  themselves 
on  any  Lands  they  shall  chuse,  not  being  already  granted  to 
any  of  his  Majesty's  subjects,  either  on  the  River  Roanoke  or 
Appomattox,  &  that  upon  their  notifying  to  the  Governor  the 
place  they  shall  chuse,  a  Tract  of  Land  be  laid  out  for  them 
equal  to  that  they  formerly  held  at  Christiana.  [Fort  Chris- 
tanna.l 


The  following  peticons  for  leave  to  take  up  ungranted  Lands 
this  day  read  &  granted  as  follows,  (viz.)  : 

To  John  Robinson,  Esqr.,  20,000  acres  on  Monocassie,  on 
the  North  Side  Cohongaratoon  River,  if  the  Sd.  Lands  appear 
to  be  within  the  Bounds  of  this  Colony^*. 

i^Mooncy,  in  his  Siouan  Tribes  of  the  East,  pp.  56-61,  gives  an  inter- 
esting account  of  the  Sara  Indians,  whose  history  begins  in  1540,  when 
their  town  or  village,  Xuala,  was  visited  by  De  Soto.  This  place  is 
given  various  names  by  different  authors,  but  it  is  positively  identified 
as  Sara,  and  was  probably  the  principal  town  of  that  tribe.  In  the 
year  mentioned  above  their  habitat  was  near  the  present  boundary 
line  between  North  and  South  Carolina,  southeast  of  Asheville.  These 
Indians  were  also  visited  by  John  Lederer  in  1669- 1670.  After  this 
date  they  made  several  removals.  At  that  time  they  lived  on  the  Dan 
river,  in  present  Rockingham  county,  N.  C.  Troubles  with  neigh- 
boring tribes  and  with  the  colonists  of  North  and  South  Carolina, 
finally  compelled  them  to  seek  protection  under  the  Virginia  govern- 
ment. Mr.  Mooney  states  that  in  1726,  and  even  as  late  as  1751,  they 
were  still  at  variance  with  the  Iroquois.  In  1768  the  remnant  of  the 
tribe,  some  fifty  or  sixty  in  number,  were  living  with  the  Catawbas. 

^•This  order  expresses  the  doubt  mentioned  in  a  previous  note,  con- 
cerning the  right  of  the  Council  to  grant  lands  on  the  north  side  of  the 


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138  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

"To  W™  Beverley,  Gent.,  15,000  acres  on  the  North  west  Side 
of  Sherundo  River,  including  a  place  called  the  Massanutting 
Town,  provided  the  same  do  not  interfere  with  any  of  the 
Tracts  already  granted  in  that  part  of  the  Colony. 

To  Francis  Willis.  Gent.,  John  Lewis  &  Francis  Kirkley, 
10,000  acres  in  Spotsilvania  County,  at  Sherundo,  beginning 
on  the  North  River,  about  a  mile  below  Swift  Creek,*  running 
up  &  down  each  side  of  the  River,  to  compleat  that  quantity. 

To  Francis  Willis,  John  Lewis,  Gent.,  &  Francis  Kirkley, 
10,000  acres  at  Sherundo,  in  Spotsilvania  County,  beginning 
at  the  mouth  of  Hawk's  Bill,  on  the  South  River,  &  running 
up  the  River  &  on  each  side  thereof  to  include  that  quantity. 


Potomac.    The  Monococy  was  in  Maryland  territory,  and  clearly  the 
land  mentioned  here  could  not  be  granted  by  the  Virginia  Council. 

'This  is  the  land  upon  which  the  first  settlement  in  the  Virginia 
Valley  was  made.  The  conditional  terms  of  the  order  indicate  that 
the  Council  was  not  entirely  certain  as  to  the  propriety  of  its  action, 
and  the  litigation  between  William  Beverly  and  Jacob  Stover,  men- 
tioned in  a  preceding  note,  followed  as  a  natural  consequence. 

■''John  Lewis  and  Francis  Willis,  named  in  this  and  the  succeeding 
order,  were  residents  of  Gloucester  county,  Va.  The  former  resided 
at  "Warner  Hall,"  and  in  1751  was  a  member  of  the  Council.  Francis 
Kirkley  was  a  resident  of  Spotsylvania  county,  Va.  The  name  was  also 
spelled  Kirtley,  which  is  its  modern  form. 

The  location  of  the  first  grant  cannot  be  determined  definitely  at 
this  time,  but  it  was  probably  within  the  limits  of  present  Shenandoah 
county,  Va.  The  tract  mentioned  in  the  next  order  was  in  the  present 
county  of  Page,  below  Luray,  and  evidently  near  the  lower  grant  of 
5,000  acres  owned  by  Jacob  Stover,  and  purchased  from  him  by  the 
petitioners  of  1733,  mentioned  in  a  previous  note.  The  rich  lands  along 
the  South  Branch  of  the  Shenandoah  were  being  rapidly  acquired  in 
1732,  and  the  conclusion  follows  that  they  were  occupied  without  delay 
by  actual  settlers. 

(TO   BE   continued) 


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VIRGINIA   AND   THE   CHEROKEES.  139 

VIRGINIA  AND  THE  CHEROKEES,  &c. 


The  Treaties  of  1768  and  1770. 


From  Documents  in  the  British  Public  Record  Office. 


(Concluded.) 
Lord  Hillsborough*  to  Lord  Bottetourt. 

Your  Lordships  despatches  Nos.  34,  35,  36  and  37  have  been 
received  and  laid  before  the  King  ;  and  the  Journals  of  the 
Council  and  House  of  Burgesses,  together  with  the  Acts  passed 
in  the  last  Sessionf  of  Assembly,  having  been  by  His  Majesty's 
command  trasmitted  to  the  Board  of  Trade,  I  am  persuaded 
their  Lordships  will  not  fail  to  take  every  step  that  shall  be  pro- 
per in  consequence  thereof,  and  to  lay  before  His  Majesty  such 
of  the  laws  as  shall  appear  to  require  the  royal  confirmation, 
either  from  their  having  clauses  suspending  their  execution,  or 
from  any  other  circumstances  that  shall  make  such  confirmation 
necessary. 

I  have  long  seen  and  lamented  how  greatly  Assemblies  in 
America  have  been  influenced  in  their  proceedings  and  delibera- 
tions by  the  private  correspondence  of  persons  here  in  England, 
who  seem  to  have  no  other  view  but  to  promote  distress  to  the 
Mother  country,  by  all  possible  means,  and  there  is  little  doubt 
that  both  the  Association  for  non- importation  and  the  petition 
of  the  House  of  Burgesses  on  the  subject  of  Revenue  Laws,  and 
the  regulation  of  the  Courts  of  Admiralty,  have  been  encouraged 
by  advice  of  this  sort;  but  I  am  at  a  loss  to  guess  by  what  spe- 
cies of  reasoning  it  is  that  the  House  of  Burgesses  of  Virginia 
can,  in  these  cases  reconcile  an  implicit  submission  to  the  dic- 
tates of  turbulent  individuals  with  their  own  dignity  and  with  a 
conduct  that  seems  in  every  other  respect  to  have  no  other  ob- 
ject than  the  public  welfare. 

I  am  convinced  upon   the  fullest  consideration  that  the  ex- 

♦  Willis  Hill  (1718-1793),  Earl  of  Hillsborough,  was  Secretary  of  State 
for  the  Colonies  1768-1772,  and  was  principal  Secretary  of  State  for  the 
American  department  during  the  Revolution. 

t  This  was  the  session  which  began  May  21,  1770.  Some  of  the  pro- 
ceedings have  been  printed  in  this  Magazine,  XII,  353-357. 


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140  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

tension  of  the  Boundary  line*  as  proposed  in  the  address  of  the 
House  of  Burgesses  to  you  in  December  last,  would  never  have 
been  consented  to  by  the  Cherokees,  or  if  their  consent  could 
have  been  obtained,  that  settlement  so  hr  to  the  Westward 
would  not  only  have  been  inconsistent  with  the  true  principles  of 
policy,  but  would  also  have  been  the  j^^round  of  continual  jeal- 
ousy and  disputes,  and  therefore  it  was  very  pleasing  to  me  to 
find  that  the  House  had  receded  from  its  claim  and  closed  with 
the  proposal  contained  in  my  letter  to  you  of  the  13th  May  1769. 

It  would  have  been  very  fortunate  if  this  service  could  have 
been  completed  for  the  sum  originally  estimated,  and  that  your 
Lordship  had  not  been  under  the  necessity  of  adopting  so  unu- 
sual a  measure  as  that  of  drawing  upon  His  Majesty's  quit-Rents 
for  the  sum  of  ;^400,  which  Mr.  Stuart  thought  fit  to  add  to  his 
estimate.  The  King,  however,  acquiesces  in  the  motives  which 
have  induced  your  Lordship  to  take  the  step,  fully  confiding 
that  proper  care  will  be  taken  that  it  shall  not  be  drawn  into  pre- 
cedent. 

I  am  very  happy  that  the  answer  I  gave  to  Gen*l  Mackay 
on  the  subject  of  his  recommendation  of  Mr.  Wormleyt  is  ap- 
proved by  your  Lordship.  I  agree  with  you  in  opinion  that 
his  distant  residence  from  the  Seat  of  Government  is  a  good 
ground  of  objection  to  his  being  of  the  Council,  and  I  shall  not 
fail  to  communicate  to  the  Board  of  Trade  what  your  Lordship 
proposes  in  regard  to  Mr.  Diggs  ;I  but  I  do  not  apprehend  that 
an  appointment  of  that  gentleman  can  take  place  until  a  vacan- 
cy happens,  when  I  have  no  doubt  that  your  recommendation 
will  have  its  due  weight. 

I  am,  &c.  Hillsborough. 

[Endorsed.] 
**Draft  to  Lord  Bottetourt, 
** Whitehall,  Oct.  3rd,  1770.  [''No.  37.*'] 

*  This  was  the  extension  of  the  Virginia  line  to  the  Cherokee,  or  Ten- 
nessee Kiver,  advocated  by  the  House  of  Burgesses. 

t  This  was  doubtless  Ralph  Wormdcy,  Sr.,  of  **  Rosegill,"  Middlesex 
County.  He  was  never  in  the  Council,  though  his  son  Ralph  Worme- 
ley,  jr.,  was  appointed  a  member  of  that  body  in  1771. 

t  Probably  Dudley  Digges,  of  York  County.  He  was  never  a  member 
of  the  Colonial  Council,  but  was  elected  to  the  first  State  Council  in 
1776. 


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THE  TREATY  OF   LANCASTER,    I744.  141 

I  hereby  certify  that  this  is  a  true  copy  of  the  document 
deposited  in  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office,  London. 

RoBT.  Lemon,  Chief  Clerk. 
L.  S.      State  Paper  Office,  20,  July,  1841. 


THE  TREATY  OF  LANCASTER,  1744. 


(From  Copy  in  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.) 


[Though  the  text  of  this  treaty  is  well  known,  it  is  thought 
best  not  to  omit  it  here.  See  note  on  the  treaty,  Va,  Mag,  of  Hist, 
&  Biography,  XIII,  5-6.  In  Page's  Page  Family  (1893),  is  print- 
ed (201-204)  a  copy,  withybr  similes  of  the  marks  of  the  chiefs, 
derived  from  a  copy  on  parchment  formerly  in  the  possession  of 
Dr.  Thomas  Walker.  See  Penn,  Mag.  of  Hist.  &  Biog.,  Vols. 
I  and  II,  for  the  journal  of  William  Black,  Secretary  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Commission.  This  journal  was  edited  and  annotated  by 
Mr.  R.  A.  Brock,  Corresponding  Secretary  of  Virginia  Histori- 
cal Society.] 

To  all  people  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come  Conasa- 
tugo,  Tachanoontia,  Joneehat,  Caxhayion,  Torachdadon,  Nee- 
rohanyah,  and  Roiirrawarkto,  Sachims  or  Chiefs  of  ye  nation  of 
the  Onondagoes,  Saquihsonyunt,  Gashraddodon,Hurasaly-akon, 
Rowamhohiso,  Ocoghquah,  Seayenties,  Sachims  or  Chiefs  of 
ye  nation  of  ye  Cahugas,  Sw^d^my  alias  Shirketiney,  Onishu- 
dagua,  Onothkallydaroy,  alias  Watsatuha,  Tohashwaroiororow, 
Arnighosh-harvand  Tiorkaasoy,  Sachims  or  Chiefs  of  the  nation 
of  the  Tuscaroras,  Tansauegos,  and  Tanikiuntus  Sachims  or 
Chiefs  of  ye  nation  of  the  Senekers  send  greeting — Whereas  the 
Six  united  Nations  of  Indians  laying  Claim  io  some  Lands  in  the 
Colony  of  Virginia  signified  their  willingness  to  enter  into  a 
treaty  concerning  the  Same—  Whereupon  Thomas  Lee,  Esq.,  a 
Member  in  Ordinary  of  his  Majesty's  honourable  Council  of  State 
and  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature  in 
that  Colony  and  William  Beverly,  Esq.,  Colonel  and  County 
Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Orange  and  one  of  the  representa- 
tives of  the  people  in  the  House  of  Burgesses  of  that  Colony 
were  deputed  by  the  Governor  of  the  said  Colony  as  Commis- 


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H2  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

sioners  lo  treat  with  the  said  Six  Nations  or  their  Deputies 
Sachims  or  Chiefs,  as  well  of  and  concerning  their  said  Claim^ 
as  to  renew  their  Covenant  Chain  between  the  said  Colony  and 
the  said  Six  Nations,  and  the  said  Commissioners  having  met  at 
Lancaster  in  Lancaster  County  and  province  of  Pennsylvania 
and  as  a  foundation  for  a  stricter  Amity  and  peace  at  this  junc- 
ture, agreed  with  the  said  Sachims  or  Chiefs  of  the  said  six  Na- 
tions for  a  Disclaimer  and  Renunciation  of  all  their  Claim  or 
pretence  of  Right  whatsoever  of  the  said  six  nations  and  an  ac- 
knowledgement of  the  Right  of  our  Sovereign  the  King  of 
Great  Britain  to  all  the  Land  in  the  said  Colony  of  Virginia. 
Now  know  ye  that  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  Sum  of  four 
hundred  pounds  Current  money  of  Pennsylvania,  paid  and  de- 
livered to  the  above  named  Sachims  or  Chiefs  partly  in  Goods 
&  partly  in  Gold  Money  by  the  said  Commissioners,  they  the 
said  Sachims  or  Chiefs  on  behalf  of  the  said  Six  Nations  Do  here- 
by renounce  and  disclaim  not  only  all  the  Right  of  the  said  Six 
Nations  but  also  recognize  and  acknowledge  the  Right  and  Ti- 
tle of  our  Sovereign  the  King  of  Great  Britain  to  all  the  Land 
within  the  said  Colony  as  it  is  now  or  hereafter  may  be  peopled 
and  bounded  by  his  said  Majesty  our  Sovereign  Lord  the  King 
his  Heirs  and  Successors.  In  witness  whereof  the  said  Sachims 
or  Chiefs  for  themselves  and  on  behalf  of  the  people  of  the  Six 
Nations  aforesaid  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  &  Seals  this 
Second  day  of  July  in  the  i8th  year  of  the  reign  of  our  Sover- 
eign Lord  George  the  Second  King  of  Great  Britain  and  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  1744. 

Signed  by  all  the  above  named  Chiefs. 

Signed  Sealed  and  Delivered 
in  the  presence  of  Edm'd  Jennings. 

At   a    General    Court  held  at  the    Capitol    Oct.    25th,    1744, 
This  Deed  Poll  was  proved  by  ye  Oaths   of  Edm'd  Jennings, 
Esq.,  Philip  Ludwell  Lee,   Esq.  and  William  Black,  three  wit- 
nesses thereto  and  by  the  Court  ordered  to  be  recorded. 
Test. 

(Signed)  Ben  Waller,  CI.  Ct. 


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THE   TREATY   OF   LOGG'S  TOWN,   I752.  143 

THE  TREATY  OF  LOGG'S  TOWN,*  1752. 


Commission,  Instructions,  &c.,  Journal  of  Virginia 
Commissioners,  and  Text  of  Treaty. 


(From  Contemporary  Copies  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical 

Society. ) 


[Endorsed.]  Instructions  from  the  Hon.  Robt.  Dinwiddie 
to  Colo.  Fry,^  Mr.  Lomax,^  and  Colo.  Patton/  dated  April, 
1752,  T.  M.  C. 

Commission  from  Governor  Dinwiddie. 

Robert  Dinwiddie.  Esqr.,  his  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Gover- 
nor, Vice  Admiral  and  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Colony, 
and  Dominion  of  Virginia. 


^The  object  of  the  treaty  of  LogKStown,  on  the  Ohio,  was  to  obtain 
from  the  Six  Nations  a  confirmation  of  the  treaty  of  Lancaster,  made 
in  1744;  to  facilitate  the  operation  of  the  Ohio  Company  by  securing 
the  good  will  of  the  Indians  occupying  or  claiming  the  lands  granted 
to  the  Company,  and  to  obtain  the  assistance  of  the  tribes  in  the  con- 
test with  France,  which  was  seen  to  be  near  at  hand. 

To  pave  the  way  for  the  treaty,  the  celebrated  pioneer,  Christopher 
Gist,  agent  for  the  Ohio  Company,  between  October,  1750,  and  June, 
1751.  made  a  long  trip  down  the  Ohio,  to  Muskingum.  Pequa,  on  the 
Wabash,  the  Shawnee  town  near  the  mouth  of  the  Scioto,  and  then 
through  Kentucky  and  across  the  Kanawha  to  his  home  on  the  Yad- 
kin, During  this  trip  he.  together  with  George  Croghan,  and  Andrew 
Montour,  secured  the  promise  of  the  Shawnees,  Miamis,  etc.,  to  meet 
the  Virginia  Commissioners  for  a  treaty  at  Loggstown.  (See  a  sum- 
mary of  Gist's  journey,  derived  from  his  journal,  in  The  Northwest 
Under  Three  Flails,  by  Charles  Moore,  pp.  75-80.) 

The  commissioners  on  the  part  of  Virginia  were  Colonel  Joshua 
Fry,  of  Albemarle  county;  Lunsford  Lomax,  of  Caroline,  and  Colonel 
James  Patton,  of  Augusta.  For  various  letters,  instructions,  &c.,  in 
regard  to  this  treaty,  see  Dittividdic  Papers,  Va.  Historical  Society  Col- 
lections. Mr.  Brock,  the  editor  of  the  Dinwiddie  Papers,  states,  in 
a  note,  that  Colonel  Patton  kept  a  journal  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
commissioners,  which  has  been  lost.  Perhaps  the  journal  printed  here 
is  the  one  kept  by  Patton. 


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144  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

To  all  whom  these  present  Letters  shall  come  or  in  any 
Manner  relate,  sends  greeting: 

Whereas,  his  Majesty  has  been  graciously  pleased  to  make 
a  Present  of  extraordinary  Value  to  the  northern  Indians  in 

The  treaty  of  Loggstown  is  reported  in  the  Minutes  of  the  Provincial 
Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  V,  pp.  532-539-  George  Croghan  and 
Andrew  Montour  represented  Pennsylvania,  and  the  former  reported 
to  Governor  Hamilton  by  letter,  dated  June  lo.  1752. 

Ther^  have  been  various  opinions  as  to  the  position  of  Loggstown, 
but  Mr.  Thwaites  (the  highest  authority)  says  that  *it  was  just  below 
the  present  Economy,  Pa.,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Ohio,  eighteen  miles 
below  Pittsburg.     (Border  Warfare j  413.) 

In  Lewis  Evans's  map,  1755,  Loggstown  is  shown  to  be  on  the  north 
sire  of  the  Ohio.   (The  Northwest  Under  Three  Flags,  p.  80.) 

A  valuable  contribution  to  the  history  of  Indian  land  titles  and 
cessions  is  contained  in  The  Indian  Boundary  Line,  by  Prof.  Max 
Farrand,  Am.  Hist.  Reviezv,  for  July  1905.  The  map  accompanying 
this  paper  is  especially  useful.  See  also  Indian  Land  Cessions,  by 
Thomas  &  Royce.  i8th  Report,  Bureau  of  American  Ethnolojry. 

2Joshua  Fry  was.  according  to  an  old  tradition  in  the  family  in  Vir- 
ginia, born  in  Somersetshire,  Eng.,  and  educated  at  Oxford.  This  is 
firmed  by  Foster's  Alumni  Oxonienses,  which  states  that  Joshua  Fry 
son  of  Joseph,  of  Crewkerne,  Somersetshire,  pleb.,  matriculated  at 
Wadham  College,  March  31.  1718,  at  the  age  of  18.  From  the  style 
given  the  father,  it  is  evident  that  he  was  of  that  yeoman  rank  from 
which  such  great  numbers  of  Americans  descend.  Soon  after  leaving 
Oxford,  he  seems  to  have  emigrated  to  Essex  county,  Virginia.  In 
1728- '9,  he  was  master  of  the  grammar  school  of  William  and  Mary 
College,  Williamsburg,  and  was  later  Professor  of  Mathematics  in  the 
college.  In  1738.  together  with  Robert  Brooke  and  William  Mayo,  two 
prominent  surveyors,  he  offered  to  the  legislature  proposals  for  pre-  . 
paring  a  map  of  Virginia.  Later  he  carried  out  his  design,  working 
in  partnership  with  Peter  Jefferson,  father  of  the  President.  Fry  and 
Jefferson's  Map  of  Virginia  is  well  known.  In  i745-'46-'47-'48-*49-'52-*53 
and  February.  1754.  he  represented  Albemarle  county  in  the  House 
of  Burgesses.  On  March  28.  1745,  he  was  appointed  coimty  lieutenant 
of  Albemarle;  in  1749,  was  one  of  the  commissioners  on  the  part  of 
the  Crown  for  marking  the  boundaries  of  the  Northern  Neck;  in  1749, 
one  of  Virginia  commissioners  for  running  the  line  between 
that  colony  and  North  Carolina;  was  a  commissioner  at  Loggstown, 
and  was  commissioned  colonel,  commanding  the  Virginia  regiment  sent 
against  the  French  in  1754.  He  died  in  service  on  May  31,  and  was 
buried    near   Wills's   creek,   now   Cumberland    creek.     See   Memoir  of 


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THE  TREATY  OF   LOGG'S  TOWN,    1752.  145 

Amity  with  us,  and  it  has  been  agreed  between  this  Govern- 
ment and  those  Indians  to  have  the  said  Present  delivered  at 
Logg's  Town  in  May  next,  and  then  and  there  to  enter  into  a 
Treaty  for  polishing  and  strengthning  the  Chain  of  Friend- 
ship subsisting  between  us,  and  Whereas,  for  the  Conducting 

Colonel  Joshua  Fry,  &c.,  by  Rev.  P.  Slaughter,  D.  D.,  and  note  in 
Dinwiddie  Papers,  I,  7-8. 

•Lunsford  Lomax,  of  *'  Portobago,*'  Caroline  county,  represented  that 
county  in  the  House  of  Burgesses  in  i742-*44-'45-'46-*47-*48-'49-'S2-'S3; 
Feby.,  '54 ;  Aug.  '54 ;  Oct.,  '54 ;  May,  '55,  and  Oct.,  '55.  He  was  a  grandson 
of  Rev.  John  Lomax,  M.  A.,  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  a  Puritan, 
who  was  rector  of  Wooler,  Northumberland,  and  was  ejected  under 
the  Act  of  1662  for  non-conformity.  A  family  Bible,  containing  a 
rcord,  very  unusual  for  the  length  of  time  covered  and  for  the  com- 
pleteness of  the  entries,  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Virginia  family. 
The  record  begins  with  Rev.  John  Lomax,  and  is  continued  in  the 
line  of  his  son,  John,  who  came  to  Virginia  about  1700.  This  son, 
John,  was  born  June  7,  1667,  and  married,  June  i,  1703,  Elizabeth,  only 
child  (by  this  marriage),  of  Hon.  Ralph  Wormeley,  and  his  wife, 
Catherine  Lunsford,  only  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Lunsford,  the  cele- 
brated Cavalier  officer,  who  had  emigrated  to  Virginia.  This  marriage 
of  the  son  of  an  ejected  Puritan  minister  with  the  granddaughter  of 
one  who  was  represented  (with  much  exaggeration)  by  the  Parlia- 
mentary writers  as  the  extreme  type  of  the  lawless  and  dissolute  cava- 
lier, is  an  interesting  example  of  how  different  strains  of  blood  and 
schools  of  politics  united  in  America. 

Lunsford  Lomax,  of  the  text,  was  born  Nov.  5.  1705,  and  died  June 
10,  1772.  He  married  twice:  First,  in  1729,  Mary  Edwards,  and,  second, 
in   1742.  Judith  Micou. 

^Colonel  James  Patton,  a  native  of  Newton  Limaddy,  Ireland,  was 
!)om  in  1692,  and  is  stated  to  have  been  in  early  life  an  officer  in  the 
Royal  Navy.  Later,  for  many  years,  he  was  master  of  a  merchant 
vessel,  and  made  many  voyages  to  Virginia,  bringing  in  immigrants. 
He  was  largely  interested  in  investments  in  Virginia  lands,  in  part- 
nership with  William  Beverley.  In  the  IVf*  and  Mary  Quarterly,  III. 
226-227,  are  two  letters,  dated  1737,  from  Be-erley  to  Patton,  at  Kircu- 
hright,  Scotland.  Colonel  Patton  finally  retl'-ed  from  the  sea  and  set- 
tled in  Augusta,  where,  on  May  27,  1742,  he  was  commissioned  Colonel 
of  militia;  was  County  Lieutenant  and  representative  in  the  House  of 
Burgesses  in  Aug.,  1754;  Oct.,  '54,  and  Mav,  1755.  In  July,  1755.  Colo- 
nel Patton  was  killed  by  Indians  at  Draper  s  Meadows,  near  the  present 
Blacksburg.  See  Waddell's  Annals  of  Augusta  County,  Virginia,  and 
Dinwiddie  Papers,  I,  18. 
s 


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146     *  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZIN^. 

SO  good  a  Work  it  has  been  judged  necessary  to  make  Choice 
of  some  Persons  of  Distinction,  Prudence,  and  Capacity: 

Know  Ye  that  I  reposing  special  Trust  and  Confidence  in 
the  Experience,  Integrity,  and  Abilities  of  Joshua  Fry,  Esqr., 
Colonel  and  County  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Albemarle, 
and  one  of  the  Representatives  of  the  People  in  the  House  of 
Burgesses  of  this  Colony  and  Dominion  of  Virginia;  and  of 
Lunsford  Lomax,  Esqr.,  another  of  the  Representatives  of  the 
said  People ;  and  of  James  Patton,  Esqr.,  Colonel  and  County 
Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Augusta,  have  by  Virtue  of  the 
Powers  and   Authorities  with   which   I   am  invested  by  his 
Majesty,  and  by  and  with  the  Advice  and  Consent  of  his 
Majesty's  Council  of  State,  nominated,  made,  constituted  and 
deputed  and  by  these  Presents  signed  with  my  Hand,  do  nomi- 
nate, make,  constitute  and  depute  the  said  Joshua  Fry,  Luns- 
ford Lomax,  and  James  Patton,  Commissioners  in  Behalf  of 
this  his   Majesty's  Colony   and   Dominion  to  meet  the   said 
Indians  or  such  Sachims  or  other  Persons  as  shall  be  deputed 
by  them  for  that  Purpose  and  with  them  to  treat  concerning 
the  premises  giving  and  granting  to  them  the  said  Joshua  Fry, 
Lunsford  Lomax,  and  James  Patton,  full  Power  and  Authority 
to  repair  from  thence  to  Logg's  Town  or  to  any  other  Place 
where  the  said  Meeting  or  Treaty  with  the  said  Indians  shall 
be  appointed  and  there  in   Behalf  of  his   Majesty  and  this 
Colony  and  Dominion  to  deliver  to  the  said  Indians,  or  such 
Sachims,  or  other  Persons  whom  the  said  Indians  shall  for 
that  Purpose  send  and  depute,  his  Majesty's  Present,  and  with 
them  to  treat  and  confirm  a  solid  and  lasting  good  Understand- 
ing between  us.     Also  giving  and  granting  to  the  said  Com- 
missioners   Power   and   Authority   to   treat,   agree,   promise 
stipulate  and  do,  what  they  shall  judge  best  and  necessary  for 
and  concerning  the  premises  in  as  full  and  ample  Form  and 
Manner  and  with  like  Force  and  Effect  as  I  could  or  might 
do  if  I  was  personally  present,  hereby  promising  in  his  Ma- 
jesty's Name  to  have  and  to  hold  as  ratified  and  accepted 
v/hatsoever  shall  be  transacted  and  concluded  by  Virtue  of 
these  Presents ;  for  the  greater  Strength  and  Credit  of  which 
T  have  hereunto  set  my  Hand  and  caused  the  great  Seal  of  this 
Colonv  and  Dominion  to  be  affixed. 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGONS  TOWN,    I752.  147 

Given  at  Williamsburg  in  Virginia,  this  Day  of  April,  in  the 
26**»  Year  of  his  Majesty's  Reign,  Annoq  Domini,  1752. 

Instructions  to  the  Commissioners. 

Instructions  for  Joshua  Fry,  Lunsford  Lomax,  and  James 
Patton,  Esqrs.,  appointed  Commissioners  to  treat  between  this 
Colony  and  Dominion  of  Virginia  on  the  one  Part,  and  the 
six  united  Nations  of  Indians  on  the  other  Part,  given  at  the 

Council  Chamber  in  the  City  of  Williamsburg  this Day 

of  April,  in  the  25th  Year  of  his  Majesty's  Reign,  Annoque 
Domini  1752. 

Article  ye  ist.  Whereas  this  Government  is  under  an  En- 
gagement made  by  the  President  to  the  Sachims  or  great  Men 
of  the  six  Nations  of  Indians  to  have  the  Present  ordered  by 
his  Majesty  to  be  delivered  to  the  said  Indians  at  Loggs  Town 
about  the  Time  of  the  full  Moon  in  May  next,  and  as  you  are 
judged  to  be  proper  Persons  to  attend  at  the  Delivery  of  the 
Cioods,  and  to  convey  to  the  Indians  such  Matters  as  are 
necessary  upon  this  Occasion,  You  are  therefore  to  hold  your- 
selves in  Readiness  to  begin  your  Tourney,  so  as  to  reach  the 
Place  of  Meeting  in  good  Time.  And  as  a  Contract  is  already 
made  with  Col°  Cresup'^  for  the  Carriage  of  the  Goods,  it  must 
be  your  Care  that  they  are  well  secured  from  any  Damage  that 
may  happen  by  Rain  or  otherwise  on  the  Road,  and  that  they 
are  got  up  in  Time  for  the  Meeting,  as  a  Disappointment  of 
this  last  Sort  might  be  of  bad  Consequence. 

2d.  After  acquainting  them  with  the  Present  you  have 
brought  from  their  and  our  Father,  the  great  King,  on  the 
other  Side  the  great  Watern,  which  you  are  to  use  all  con- 
venient Opportunities  to  enlarge  upon  (as  it  is  certainly  of 
more  \'alue  than  any  Present  they  have  hitherto  received 
from  us)  your  next  business  will  be  (as  some  Doubts  have 
arisen  about  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  and  Surmises  have  been 

*The  well-known  Colonel  Thomas  Crcsap.  of  Maryland.  See  Din- 
'iciddir  Faf>irs.  J,  10.  Crcsap  had  been  in  the  employment  of  the  Ohio 
Company,  and  was  well  acquainted  with  the  Indians  and  the  routes 
to  the  Ohio. 


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.  148  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

spread  as  if  the  six  Nations  thought  themselves  imposed  upon 
by  it)  to  have  that  Treaty  explained,  and  his  Majesty's  Title 
to  all  the  Lands  expressed  and  intended  to  be  acknowledged 
by  the  said  Treaty  to  be  fully  confirmed.  And  in  Order  to' 
render  this  Part  of  your  Business  the  more  easy,  I  have  taken 
Care  to  procure  Conrad  Weiser  to  be  present,  who  acted  as 
an  Interpreter  at  Lancaster,  and  was  a  Witness  to  the  Instru- 
ment, and  I  hope  that  by  his  Assistance  you  will  be  able  to 
convince  them  that  there  was  no  Deceit  used  nor  any  Advan- 
tage taken  of  them,  and  that  to  deceive  or  overreach  is  far 
below  the  Dignity  and  Justice  of  our  great  King,  nor  wou'd 
he  suffer  such  Things  to  be  done  by  those  in  Authority  under 
him. 

3d.  You  are  in  your  Conferences  with  the  Indians  to  give 
them  to  understand  that  this  Present  is  made  to  them,  not  only 
in  Consequence  of  a  Promise  made  to  them  in  Writing  by  the 
Commissioners  of  this  Colony,  after  signing  the  Treaty  of 
Lancaster,  to  move  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Virginia  to 
represent  their  Case  to  his  Majesty  to  the  End  that  he  might 
extend  his  further  Grace  and  Favour  to  the  said  Indians ;  but 
also  to  secure  a  quiet  and  peaceable  Possession  to  his  Majesty's 
Subjects  of  this  Colony  of  all  the  Lands  recognized  by  the 
said  Treaty,  particularly  those  on  the  Ohio.  And  as  there  i-* 
good  Reason  to  conclude  that  the  principal  Occasion  of  the 
Indians'  Dislike  to  that  Settlement  has  been  the  Article  in 
the  Grant  whi.ch  obliges  the  Company"  to  build  a  Fort,  which 
•  has  been  exaggerated  much  by  our  Enemies,  and  by  our  Rivals 
in  Trade ;  in  Order  to  obviate  this  Difficulty,  you  are  to  repre- 
sent to  them,  as  the  Truth  is,  that  at  the  Time  of  the  Com- 
pany's Application  to  his  Majesty  for  that  Grant,  the  English 
were  engaged  in  a  bloody  War  with  the  French  that  they 
judged  such  a  Place  of  Defence  for  their  Goods  and  People 
necessary  to  secure  them  from  the  Attacks  of  our  common 
Enemy  in  a  Place  so  remote  from  our  other  Settlements,  but 

«The  Ohio  Company,  to  which  the  English  government,  by  order  of 
Council,  dated  March  16,  1749,  granted  500,000  acres  west  of  the  Alle- 
ghanies.     See  Va.  Mag.  of  Hist,  and  Biog.,  XII,  162-163. 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGG*S  TOWN,    1 752.  149 

that  the  Reasons  for  erecting  that  Fort  having  sometime 
ceased,  by  the  Peace  concluded  with  the  French,  the  Company 
is  now  soliciting  to  be  excused  from  that  Article  of  building 
the  Fort,  as  they  can  now  rest  themselves  and  their  Effects 
upon  the  Friendship  and  Aftection  of  their  good  Brothers,  the 
six  Nations,  and  as  they  proix)se  to  make  their  Trade  so  Ad- 
vantageous to  their  Brethren  as  shall  increase  that  Friendship 
and  Affection.  When  you  are  engaged  on  this  Subject,  the 
Opportunity  will  be  favourable  to  inquire  into  the  matter  of 
several  Forts,  I  am  informed,  are  lately  built  by  the  ffrencTT 
to  the  Southward  of  Lake  Erie.  You  arc  to  dive  into  the 
Cause  why  they,  our  friends  &  brothers,  should  permit  them 
to  erect  Forts  so  near  them,  and  yet  when  we  only  talk  of  such 
a  thing  they  are  ready  to  quarrel  with  us  about  it;  this  is 
treating  us  with  jealousy  &  suspicion,  as  if  we  intended  to 
do  an  injury  to  them  from  our  Forts,  and  placing  a  great 
confidence  in  the  fair  promises  of  ye  French,  time  will  convince 
them,  if  argument  cannot,  of  their  mistake  in  this  part  of 
their  Conduct. 

4th.  It  is  not  improbable  that  you  may  meet  with  some  diffi- 
culties from  the  bad  impressions  the  Indians  may  have  rec' 
from  the  Pennsylvania  Traders,  of  this  Settlement  on  the  Ohio. 
You  must  endeavour  to  wipe  off  such  by  the  foregoing  argu- 
ment and  by  such  others  as  your  own  discretion,  the  occasion 
&  the  present  disposition  of  the  Indians  may  furnish  you  with, 
assuring  them  that  the  chief  point  in  view  is  to  carry  on  a 
Trade  to  the  mutual  benefit  of  them  &  the  inhabitants  of  this 
Colony,  and  to  make  such  a  settlement,  as  may  preserve  them, 
our  brethren  and  ourselves  from  any  Injuries  from  the  Frencli 
in  case  of  a  future  War. 

Sth.  The  advantages  of  cultivating  a  friendship  with  the 
Six  Nations  of  Indians,  and  to  render  it  lasting,  is  of  the  ut- 
most consequence  to  our  back  Settlements :  and  one  means  lo 
effect  this,  will  be  to  procure  a  person  well  known  to,  and 
esteemed  by  them,  acquamted  with  their  Customs  and  man- 
ners, as  well  as  skilled  in  their  Language,  to  be  kept  in  the 
constant  Service  of  this  Government.  If,  therefore,  you  can 
find  such  a  person  of  good  Character,  &  who  is  not  too  closely 


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150  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

attached  to  the  Interest  of  our  Rivals  in  the  Indian  Trades,  he 
may  depend  on  our  Countenance  and  encouragement;  for  the 
present  I  have  engaged  Mr.  Andrew  Muntour^  to  assist  Mr. 
Weiser*  as  Interpreter. 

6th.  It  will  be  of  Service  to  his  Majesty  and  therefore 
proper  for  you  to  be  informed,  how  far  the  french  Settlements 
extend  either  to  the  North  or  South,  at  what  period  of  time 
such  Settlements  have  been  made  of  what  Numbers  and 
Strength  they  may  be.  And  you  are  to  endeavour  to  make 
yourselves  acquainted  with  the  Arts  made  use  of  by  the  French 
to  alienate  the  affections  of  the  Indians  from  the  English. 

You  are  to  exhort  them  not  to  be  drawn  away  by  deceitful 
empty  Speeches,  the  peculiar  Talent  of  that  cunning  people. 
But  in  every  attempt  that  shall  be  made  to  shake  their  Duty 
to  our  common  Father,  let  them  consider  what  real  Acts  of 
Friendship  have  been  done  them  by  the  English,  and  what  by 
the  French.  Let  them  weigh  these  things  well  in  their  minds, 
&  then  determine  who  best  deserves  their  Esteem  and  regard, 
for  it  is  not  by  vain  'unmean*  Words  that  true  friendship  is  to 
be  discovered,  but  by  its  Effects. 

7th.  You  are  in  the  strongest  terms  to  insist  upon  their 
delivering  up  the  murderer  of  the  poor  Woman,  as  they  said 
last  fall  that  they  knew  who  he  was,  and  would  do  their  ut- 
most to  have  him  at  this  meeting.  It  is  a  piece  of  Justice  due 
to  this  Country,  which  we  are  bound  by  every  Tye  of  Duty  to 
require.  Our  Duty  to  our  great  King  for  the  Loss  of  a  Subject 
requires  it,  but,  above  all,  the  great  Father  and  Maker  of  us 
all,  who  inhabits  ye  Skies,  he  requires  it,  for  it  is  one  of  his 
earliest  Commands  that,  "whoso  shedeth  man's  blood,  by  man 
Shall  his  blood  be  shed."     You  are  to  acquaint  them,  that  I 

^Andrew  Montour,  of  Pennsylvania,  a  half-breed,  son  of  an  Oneida 
chief,  who  had  been  long  familiar  with  the  Indians,  and  was  well  known 
as  an  interpreter.  He  was  one  of  the  representatives  of  Pennsylvania 
at  the  treaty.     See  Dinividdic  Papers,  I,  17. 

^Conrad  Weiser,  of  Pennsylvania,  a  native  of  Germany,  long  a  promi- 
nent man  in  the  western  part  of  his  colony,  and  well-known  as  an  in- 
terpreter. 


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THE   TREATY   OF   LOGG'S   TOWN,    I752.  151 

expect  they  will  convey  this  Criminal  into  the  settled  part  of 
this  Government,  and  deliver  him  into  the  hands  of  some 
magistrate,  whom  you  are  to  name  to  them,  and  give  that 
Magistrate  previous  notice,  that  by  his  Warrant  he  is  to  co- 
mand  the  Sheriff  of  the  O^  to  bring  him  under  a  proper  Guard 
to  the  public  Goal. 

8th.  This  &  many  other  cruelties  and  robberies  comitted 
by  stragling  parties  of  the  Six  Nations  on  our  people,  have 
proceeded  from  their  neglect  of  former  Treaties,  by  which  they 
are  obliged  to  obtain  a  pass  from  a  Magistrate  to  be  appointed, 
which  pass  is  to  be  signed  by  our  Justices  as  they  go  thro*  our 
Country ;  and  they  are  to  behave  orderly  &  peaceably  and  as 
Brethren ;  and  when  in  want  of  provisions,  they  are  to  apply 
to  a  Justice  of  peace,  who  is  to  supply  them  with  necessaries 
for  their  Journey.  Instead  of  this,  their  behaviour  has  been 
quite  the  reverse.  They  have  come  without  passes,  so  that, 
not  knowing  their  names,  we  are  often  unable  to  fix  their 
Crimes  on  the  proper  persons.  They  have  entered  our  peo- 
ple's houses  by  force,  have  not  only  taken  what  provisions  they 
pleased,  but,  when  opposed  in  their  fury,  they  have  proceeded 
to  steal,  to  kill  our  Cattle  &  horses,  and  even  our  Inhabitants 
themselves.  What  can  such  irregularities  as  these  tend  to,  but 
the  total  destruction  of  the  Chain  of  friendship  which  has  been 
for  many  ages  preserved  between  us.  and  which  is  so  much  for 
the  interest  of  both  to  keep  bright  &  unsullied.  I  am  sensible 
that  the  wise  men  among  them  would  disdain  to  be  guilty  of 
such  base  behaviour,  'tis  their  hot-headed  young  men,  but 
hope  and  expect  from  their  Sachims.  that  they  will  take  such 
Measures  for  the  future  as  shall  prevent  these  just  Causes  of 
complaint  against  any  of  our  Brethren.  If  they  will  not,  I 
shall  be  obliged  to  do  something  for  the  safety  of  our  own 
people,  and  put  a  Stop  to  them  by  the  power  we  have  in  our 
own  hands,  and  punishing  such  offenders  ourselves. 

9th.  As  the  Instructions  of  the  Indians  in  the  principles  of 
the  christian  Religion  hath  been  the  Subject  of  the  prayers.  & 
utmost  endeavours  of  many  pious  men ;  and  as  the  charitable 
Institution  of  the  School  at  Brafferton^  hath  not  produced  the 

•The  BraflFerton  was  the  Indian  school  of  William  and  Mary  College, 


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152  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Effect  that  was  hoped  for  from  it,  by  reason  of  the  difficutty 
of  prevailing  on  the  Indians  to  send  their  Children  so  far  from 
their  parents,  for  the  sake  of  a  religious  Education,  the  happy 
Consequences  of  which  their  natural  ferocity  will  hardly  per- 
mit them  to  be  made  sensible  of.  I  would  have  you  talk  fully 
to  them  on  this  head,  and  if  you  find  their  prejudice  against 
trusting  their  Children,  so  far  from  them  too  strong  to  be 
overcome,  you  must  sound  their  inclinations  another  way,  and 
learn  if  they  would  receive  and  entertain  a  teacher  among 
them,  if  this  Government  would  send  one,  to  instruct  them  in 
our  Language  &  Religion,  the  Benefits  and  advantages  of 
which. they  are  as  capable  of  partaking  of  as  we,  if  they  desire 
them  with  a  straight  &  willing  mind. 

TwiGHTWEE  Indians  to  Governor  Dinwiddie. 
From  the  Twightwee^®  Town,  June  ye  21  st,  1752. 
Our  good  Brother  of  Virginia : 

This  comes  by  our  Brother,  Thomas  Burney,  who  was  witli 

founded  and  sustained  by  a  legacy  of  the  Hon.  Robert  Boyle.  The 
sum  bequeathed  was  invested  in  the  purchase  of  an  estate  in  Yorkshire 
named  Brafferton.  Hence  the  name  of  the  school  and  of  the  old  brick 
building  still  standing  on  the  college  grounds. 

i<>The  Twightwecs  or  Miami s  were  a  numerous  people,  made  up 
of  many  tribes,  each  having  a  chief,  and  one  of  these  chiefs  was 
selected  to  rule  the  entire  nation.  Formerly  they  had  lived  on  the* 
Wabash^  but  latterly  they  had  removed  to  the  Miami,  and  lived  at 
the  Twightwi  town  or  Piqua.  The  town  is  shown  on  Evans's  map. 
At  this  time  the  Twightwis  were  on  friendly  terms  with  the  Six 
Nations,  whose  powerful  rivals  they  ordinarily  were. 

On  June  21,  1752,  the  Twightwi  fort  at  Piqua  was  attacked,  under 
orders  from  the  French  authorities  in  Canada,  by  150  Ottawas  and 
Objibways,  who  are  said  by  some  authorities  to  have  been  com- 
.manded  by  Charles  Langlade,  afterwards  a  famous  French  partisan 
officer.  Eight  English  traders  and  a  few  Indians  were  in  the  town, 
which  was  speedily  taken,  with  the  loss  of  14  Miamis.  Old  Britain, 
the  Miami  chief  was  boiled  and  eaten,  the  trading  house  was  plun- 
dered and  five  traders  captured  and  carried  to  Canada.  Evans's 
map  has  opposite  the  site  of  the  town :  "The  Eng.  Twichtwi  T.,  taken 
in  1752  by  the  French.''  (N.  W.  Under  Three  Flags,  pp.  82,  83  and 
authorities  cited.) 


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THE  TREATY  OF   LOGG*S  TOWN,    1 752.  153 

US  in  the  last  unhappy  Battle  we  had  with  our  Enemies,  the 
French  and  French  Indians,  who  engaged  our  Fort  at  a  Time 
when  all  our  Warriors  and  briskest  Men  were  out  a  hunting. 
They  had  two  hundred  and  forty  fighting  Men,  appeared  sud- 
denly and  took  us  on  Surprize,  when  they  had  sent  us  Warn-  ' 
pum.  and  a  fine  French  Coat  in  Token  of  Peace  and  good  Will, 
just  to  deceive  and  draw  our  People  out  a  Hunting,  and 
then  fall  on  us,  as  a  more  weak  and  defenseless  Part,  being 
only  twenty  Men  able  to  bear  Arms,  and  nine  of  them  were  our 
Brothers,  the  English,  who  helped  us  much;  but  their  Stores 
and  Houses  being  on  the  outside  of  our  Fort,  our  Enemies 
plimdered  them,  and  took  six  of  our  Brothers,  the  English's 
Goods,  and  to  our  great  Loss,  their  Powder  and  Lead,  and 
kiird  one  of  them  English,  &  scalped  him.  They  kill'd  our 
great  Pianckosha  King,  whom  we  call'd  old  Brittain,  for  his 
great  Love  to  his  Brothers,  the  English.  Brother,  we  send 
you  by  our  Brother  Bumey  one  Scalp  and  a  Belt  of  Wampum, 
to  let  you  know  we  are  more  concerned  for  the  Loss  of  our 
King,  and  our  Brothers  that  were  taken  &  kill'd  than  for  our- 
selves, altho'  in  great  Distress  for  Want  of  Arms  and  Ammu- 
nition, for  we  must  look  on  ourselves  as  lost,  if  our  Brothers, 
the  English,  do  not  stand  by  us,  and  give  us  Powder  and  Lead 
and  Arms.  To  confirm  what  we  say  and  to  assure  you  that 
we  will  ever  continue  true  Friends  and  Allies  to  our  Brothers, 
the  English,  we  send  you  this  Scalp  and  Belt  of  Wampum. 

P.  S. — There  were  but  two  French  men  appeared  among  the 
Indians  in  Time  of  Battle,  altho'  we  understood  there  were 
thirty  French  men  within  two  Miles  of  us,  all  the  Time  of 
Action,  who  were  ready  to  receive  their  Share  of  the  Plunder. 

A  letter  from  Governor  Dinwiddie  to  Cresap  and  Trent,  Febru- 
ary 10,  1753,  expresses  his  regret  that  some  of  the  Twightwees  had 
gone  over  to  the  French,  and  his  behcf  that  if  Bumey  (Thos.  Burney, 
who  had  lived  among  the  Twightwees  as  a  blacksmith)  had  gone 
directly  to  them  with  a  supply  of  ammunition,  as  the  Governor  had 
expected,  the  defection  would  not  have  occurred.  In  a  note  to  this 
letter,  there  is  quoted  a  note  on  a  map  (  in  Kalm's  Travels  in  America) 
in  relation  to  a  village  on  the  Great  Miami:  "The  English  Twich- 
twi,  or  Pique,  taken,  1752." 


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154  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Virginia  Commissioners  to  Governor  Dinwiddie. 

To  the  Hon'ble  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esqr.,  his  Majesty's  Lieut. 
Govenor  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  Virginia : 
In  Obedience  to  your  Honour's  Commission,  we  proceeded 
to  Loggstown  with  his  Majesty's  Present  to  the  Indians  of 
the  six  Nations  &  their  Allies,  and  held  a  Treaty  with  Them. 
An  Account  of  our  Transactions  in  that  Affair  is  containM 
in  the  following  Sheets,  which  we  humbly  begg  Leave  to  lay 
before  y'  Honour,  and  are  your  Honour's  most  dutiful  and 
most  humble  Servants. 

Joshua  Fry, 
lunsford  lomax, 
James  Patton. 

Journal  of  the  Virginia  Commissioners. 

An  Account  of  the  Treatv  held  between  the  Government  of 
Virginia  &  the  six  united  Nations  of  Indians  on  the  River 
Ohio,  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  1752. 

The  Commissioners  being  on  their  Way  with  the  King's 
Present  were  met  on  Thursday,  the  28th  of  May,  about  three 
Miles  from  Shonassims  Town,  on  Ohio,  by  seven  or  eight  of 
the  Delawar  Indians  on  Horse-back;  when  they  came  near,  all. 
as  well  English  as  Indians,  dismounted,  and  the  Indians  havino: 
filled  and  lighted  their  long  Pipes  or  Calumets,  first  smoak'd 
and  then  handed  them  to  the  Commissioners  and  others  in 
their  Company,  who  all  smoak'd.  After  the  Ceremony  had 
been  repeated  two  or  three  Times,  the  Chief  of  the  Indians 
made  a  short  Speech  to  welcome  the  Commissioners,  which, 
being  answered,  they  all  mounted  and  the  Indians  led  the  Way. 

About  two  hundred  Paces  from  the  Town,  the  Commis- 
sioners with  their  Company  halted,  the  Indians  going  on  to 
join  their  own  People,*  and  then  they  began  the  Salute  by 
fireing  their  Peices,  which  was  returned  by  the  English  and 
this  was  repeated  two  or  three  Times. 

The  Commissioners  then  proceeded  to  the  River  Bank,  a 
little  above  the  Town,  where  they  pitched  their  Camp,  and 
set  up  the  King's  Coulours,  which  had  been  carried  before 
them. 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGG*S  TOWN,    1 752.  155 

At  this  Time  the  Delawars  had  no  King,  but  were  headed 
by  two  Brothers  named  Shingas  and  the  Beaver"  who  were 
dressed  after  the  English  Fashion,  had  silver  Breast  Plates  and 
a  great  deal  of  Wampum  about  them. 

At  a  Council  held  at  Shenapin  Town, 
Fryday,  the  29th  of  May. 

Present  : 

Joshua  Fry,  Lunsford  Lomax,  James  Patton.  Commissioners. 

Mr.  Christopher  Gist.  Agent  for  the  Ohio  Company. 

The  Chiefs  of  the  Delawar  Indians. 

Mr.  Andrew  Montour.  Interpreter. 

The  Speaker  of  the  Indians,  addressing  himself  to  the  Com 
missioners,  said: 

Brethren,  you  have  come  a  long  Journey  and  have  sweated 
a  great  Deal.  We  wipe  off  your  Sweat  with  tliis  String  of 
Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  you  are  come  a  long  Way,  &  we  are  glad  to  see 
you :  we  hope  you  will  open  y''  Hearts  to  us,  &  speak  clearly. 
and  that  you  may  be  enabled  to  do  it,  we  clear  your  Voices 
with  this  String  of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  you  are  come  from  far,  and  have  heard  many 
Stories  &  false  Reports  about  us,  your  Brethren.  We  hope 
that  you  will  not  keep  them  in  your  Mind,  and  that  you  will 
disregard  them,  we  give  you  this  String  of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  we  desire  you  will  consider  our  Brethren  that  live 


i^Shingas  was  a  famous  village  chief,  a  terror  to  the  frontier  set- 
tlements of  Pennsylvania.  A  brother,  and  later  the  successor  of  King 
Beaver,  his  camp  was  at  the  mouth  of  Beaver  creek,  which  empties 
into  the  Ohio  twenty-six  miles  below  "the  forks"  (site  of  Pittsburg). 
Withcrs's  Chronicles  of  Border  Warfare,  Thwaites*  note,  p.  45.  As  will 
be  seen,  however,  from  one  of  the  speeches  of  the  Half  King.  Shingas 
is  stated  to  have  lived  at  the  "fork  of  the  Mohongalio"  (Pittsburg). 


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156  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

towards  the  Sun  sitting,  &  that  you  will  give  them  your  best 
Advice,  upon  which  we  give  you  this  String  of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Then  Mr.  Christopher  Gist^-  and  Mr.  Andrew  Montour  de- 
livered to  the  Commissioners  a  String  of  Wampum  from  the 
Council  at  Loggs  Town  to  let  them  know  that  they  were  glad 
to  hear  of  their  being  on  the  Road,  and  to  assure  them  that 
they  might  come  in  Safety  to  Loggs  Town. 

The  Commissioners  not  having  any  Wampum  strung,  with- 
out which  Answers  cou'd  not  be  returned,  acquainted  the  In- 
dians that  they  wou'd  answer  their  Speeches  in  the  Afternoon, 
on  which  the  Council  broke  up. 

May  the  29th,  in  the  Afternoon. 

The  same  Persons  being  met,  the  Commissioners  spoke  as 
f  olloweth : 

Brethren,  the  Chiefs  of  the  Delawars: 

We  have  had  a  long  &  difficult  Journey  hither  to  see  our 
Brethren,  but  that  has  been  sufficiently  made  Amends  for  by 
the  kind  Reception  you  have  given  us ;  we  assure  you  we  are 
glad  to  meet  you  here  in  Council,  and  present  you  with  this 
String  of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  in  your  second  Speech,  you  clear'd  our  Voices, 
that  we  might  speak  our  Minds  to  you,  in  Answer  to  which 
we  inform  you,  that  the  great  King,  our  Father,  has  sent  by 
us  a  Present  of  Goods  to  his  Children,  the  Indians,  the  largest 
he  has  ever  given  them,  which  we  are  to  deliver  at  Loggs 
Town,  whither  we  are  going. 

It  is  the  Desire  of  our  Father,  that  you  &  we,  his  Children, 
shou'd  be  strongly  united  together  as  one  People,  and  that  it 
is  our  Inclination  so  to  be  Join'd,  we  confirm  to  you  by  this 
String  of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  in  Answer  to  your  third  Speech,  we  let  you  know 

i^Christopher  Gist,  agent  for  the  Ohio  Company,  who  had  done  much 
exploring  and  surveying  along  the  Ohio. 


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THE  TREATY  OF  LOGG's  TOWN,    1 752.  157 

that  we  did  hear  many  Stories  in  our  Way  hither,  rais'd  by 
idle  and  wicked  People  to  occasion  a  Difference  between  us, 
but  we  did  not  believe  them,  and  now  we  are  satisfied  that  they 
were  false. 

If  any  others  shou'd  be  spread  we  shall  wholly  disregard 
them,  and  we  hope  that  you  will  do  the  like,  and  that  our 
good  Agreement  may  always  continue,  we  give  you  this  String 
of  Wampum. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  we  heartily  wish  well  to  our  Brethren,  who  live 
towards  the  Sun  setting,  and  shall  be  always  ready  to  assist 
them  with  our  best  Advice  whenever  we  shall  be  informed  of 
their  Circumstances,  which  in  the  Course  of  the  Treaty  to  be 
held  at  Loggs  Town,  we  suppose  we  may  be.  We  present 
you  with  this  String  of  Wampum. 

Saturday.  May  the  30th. 

The  Goods  being  put  on  Board  four  large  Canoes  lashed 
together,  the  Commissioners  &  others  went  on  Board  also  to 
go  down  the  River,  with  Colours  flying.  When  they  came 
opposite  to  the  Delewar  Town,  they  were  saluted  by  the  Dis- 
charge of  fire  Arms,  both  from  the  Town  &  opposite  Shore, 
where  Queen  Alliguippe  lives,  and  the  Compliment  was  re- 
turned from  the  Canoes. 

The  Company  then  went  on  Shore  to  wait  on  the  Queen, 
who  welcomed  them  &  presented  them  with  a  String  of  Wam- 
pum to  clear  their  Way  to  Loggs  Town,  she  presented  them 
also  with  a  fine  Dish  of  Fish  to  carry  with  them,  and  had 
some  Victuals  set,  which  they  all  eat  of.  The  Commissioners 
then  presented  the  Queen  with  a  brass  Kettle,  Tobacco  and 
some  other  Trifles,  and  took  their  Leave. 

The  Weather  being  very  wet,  the  Commissioners  went  on 
Shore  to  a  Trader's  House,  secured  their  Goods  in  the  Canoes 
by  covering  them  in  the  best  Manner  they  cou'd,  and  lay  there 
that  Night. 

Sunday,  May  the  31st. 

They  set  off  with  the  Canoes  and  arriv'd  at  Loggs  Town, 
where  they  were  saluted  by  the  Fireing  of  small  Arms,  both 


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158  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

from  the  Indians  and  English  Traders  residing  there,  and  the 
Commissioners  were  met  by  the  Chiefs  of  the  Indians  on  the 
Shore  and  welcomed. 

Monday,  June  the  ist. 

The  Chiefs  of  the  Indians  then  at  Loggs  Town  having  met 
in  their  Council  House,  by  a  Message  acquainted  the  Com- 
missioners that  they  had  something  to  say  to  them.  They  went 
to  the  Place,  and  they  and  the  other  Company  being  seated,  «i 
Chief  of  the  six  Nations  stood  up,  &  addressing  himself  to 
the  Commissioners,  spoke  as  followeth  : 

Brethren,  you  have  come  a  long  &  blind  way;  If  We  had 
been  certain  which  Way  you  were  coming,  we  shou'd  have 
met  you  at  some  Distance  from  the  Town,  but  now  we  bid 
you  welcome,  and  we  open  your  Eyes  with  this  String  of 
Wampum,  which  we  give  you  in  the  Name  of  the  six  united 
Nations. 

gave  a  String. 

Brethren  of  Virginia  and  Pensyvania,  I  desire  that  you 
will  hearken  to  what  I  am  going  to  say,  that  you  may  open 
your  Hearts  and  speak  freely  unto  us. 

We  don't  doubt  but  you  have  many  Things  in  your  Mind 
which  may  trouble  you,  notwithstanding  which,  we  hope  we 
may  continue  in  Friendship.  On  which  we  give  you  those 
Strings  of  Wampum. 

Gave  two  Strings. 

The  Commissioners  let  them  know,  they  wou'd  give  them  an 
Answer  in  a  few  Hours. 

Sometime  after  all  being  met  in  the  Council  House.  Mr. 
George  Croghan^*'  by  Direction  of  the  Governor  of  Pennsyl- 


I'^Georgc  Croghan,  of  Pennsylvania,  a  native  of  Ireland,  who  settled 
near  Harrisbiirg,  and  was  an  Indian  trader  as  early  as  1746.  Having 
acquired  the  confidence  of  the  Indians  and  a  knowledge  of  their  lan- 
guages, he  became  agent  for  the  colony  among  them.  He  was  an 
officer  during  the  l''rench  and  Indian  war,  and  in  1756,  was  appointed 
by  Sir  William  Johnson  deputy  Indian  agent  for  the  Pennsylvania  an<l 
Ohio  Indians.  He  long  rendered  valuable  service  in  negotiations  with 
them.  By  deed,  dated  at  Fort  Pitt,  July  10,  1775,  he  purchased  from 
the  Six  Nations  six  million  acres  on  the  Ohio,  which,  by  another  deed, 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGG'S  TOWN,    I752,  159 

vania,  made  a  Speech  to  the  Indians,  letting  them  know  that  it 
was  his  Desire  they  shou'd  receive  their  Brethren  of  Virginia 
kindly,  and  presented  them  with  a  String  of  Wampum. 
The  Commissioners  then  spoke  as  followeth : 

Brethren,  you  sent  a  String  of  Wampum,  which  we  met  on 
the  Road,  by  which  you  acquainted  us  that  you  heard  of  our 
Coming  to  visit  you,  and  welcomed  us  so  far  on  our  Journey 
yesterday  we  arrived  at  this  Place,  &  this  Morning  you  took 
an  Opportunity  with  a  Strihg  of  Wampum  to  bid  us  welcome 
to  Your  Town,  &  to  open  our  Eyes  that  we  may  see  the  Sun 
clearly  &  look  upon  you  as  Brothers  who  are  willing  to  receive 
us.  This  we  take  very  kindly,  and  we  assure  you  of  our  hearty 
Inclinations  to  live  in  Friendship  with  you ;  to  confirm  this  wc 
present  you  with  a  String  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  in  your  second  Speech  to  us  &  our  Brethren  of 
Pensyl vania  this  Day,  you  delivered  us  two  Strings  of  Wam- 
pum, to  clear  our  Hearts  from  any  Impression  that  mav  have 
been  made  on  them,  by  flying  Report  or  ill  News,  and  that  we 
might  speak  our  Minds  freely. 

Brethren,  we  assure  you  of  our  Willingness  to  remove  all 
Misunderstanding  out  of  our  Hearts  &  Breasts  which  might 
impede  or  hinder  the  Friendship  subsisting  between  us. 

Now,  Brethren,  we  are  to  acquaint  you,  that  we  are  sent 
hither,  by  the  King  of  Great  Britain,  our  Father,  who,  not 
forgetting  his  Children  on  this  Side  the  great  Waters,  has 
ordered  us  to  deliver  you  a  large  Parcel  of  Goods  in  his  Name, 
which  we  have  brought  with  us.  But  as  we  understand  you 
have  sent  for  some  of  your  Chiefs,  whom  you  shortly  expect. 


dated  July  30.  1777,  he  transferred  to  Thomas  Walker  and  eight 
other  Virginians.  Copies  of  these  deeds  are  printed  (from  copies  for- 
merly in  the  possession  of  Dr.  Thomas  Walker)  in  Page's  Paf^e  Family 
{  1R93),  pp.  206-200.  There  is  on  record  in  the  County  Court  of  Augus- 
ta, at  Staunton,  Va..  a  long  deed  from  the  Indians,  confirming  a 
former  conveyance  to  Croghan  and  reciting  the  goods  which  were 
given  or  to  he  given  them  l»y  him.  Among  the  numerous  items 
is  one  of  many  dozen  jews-harps.  George  Croghan  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, in  1782. 


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160  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

we  will  wait  with  Patience  till  they  come,  and  then  faithfully 
deliver  you  the  Good  &  open  our  Hearts  to  you.  In  Assurance 
of  hich  we  present  you  with  this  String  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  String. 

To  which  the  Speaker  replied,  I  am  glad  that  you  have  the 
Consideration,  to  wait  for  the  coming  of  our  chief  Men. 

On  Thursday,  June  the  4th,  Thonariss,  called  by  the  Eng- 
lish the  half  King"  with  a  Sachim  deputed  by  the  Onondago 
Council,  and  others,  came  down  the  River  with  English  Colours 
flying,  to  Loggs  Town,  and  the  following  Days  they  were  em- 
ployed in  their  own  Business  till  the  loth,  when  a  Council  was 
appointed  for  treating  with  the  Commissioners  of  Virginia,  & 
the  Present  was  set  out  before  the  Door  where  they  lodged. 
Arbours  being  made  for  the  Council  to  sit  round  about.  All 
being  met,  the  Commissioners,  addressing  themselves  to  the 
Indians,  said: 

Sachims  &  Warriors  of  the  six  united  Nations,  our  Friends 
and  Brethren : 

We  are  Glad  to  meet  you  at  this  Place  to  enlarge  the  Coun- 
cil Fire  already  kindled  here,  by  our  Brethren  of  Pensylvania, 
to  brighten  the  Chain  &  to  renew  our  Friendship,  that  it  mav 
last  as  long  as  the  Sun,  the  Moon  &  the  Stars  shall  give  Light, 
to  confirm  which  we  give  you  a  String  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  String. 

Brethren,  at  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  in  the  Year  1744,  be- 
tween the  Government  of  Virginia,  Maryland,  &  Pensylvania, 
you  made  a  Deed  reco^i^iihing  the  King's  Right  to  all  the  Lands 
in  \"irginia,  as  far  as  it  was  then  peopled,  or  hereafter  should 
be  peopled,  or  bounded  by  the  King,  our  Father,  for  which 
you  received  the  Consideration  agreed  on. 

At  the  same  Time  Conasetego'^  desj*-ed  that  the  Commis- 

'♦Thonariso,  or  Tanacharison,  a  Seneca  chief,  who,  at  the  beginning 
of  the  war  with  France,  was  a  warm  friend  and  ally  of  the 
English.  He  was  with  Washington  in  the  fight  at  the  Meadows,  and 
died  October  4.  1754. 

"Conasetego,  one  of  the  chiefs  who  had  signed  the  treaty  of  Lan- 
caster. 


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THE   TREATY   OF   LOGG'S   TOWN,    I752.  161 

sioners  wou'd  recommend  you  for  the  King's  further  Favour, 
when  the  Settlements  should  encrease  much  further  back. 
This  the  Commissioners  promised,  and  confirmed  it  by  a  writ- 
ing under  their  Hands  &  Seals.  In  Consequence  of  which 
Promise,  a  Present  was  sent  you  from  the  King  by  Conrad 
Wieser,  which  Mr.  Wieser  since  informed  us  that  he  delivered 
you,  at  a  Council  held  here  in  the  Year  1748.  Now  the  King, 
our  Father,  to  show  the  Love  he  bears  to  Justice,  as  well  as 
his  Affection  to  his  Children,  has  sent  a  large  Present  of 
Groods,  to  be  divided  among  you  and  your  Allies,  which  is  here 
ready  to  be  deliver'd  to  you,  and  we  desire  that  you  will  con- 
firm the  Treaty  of  Lancaster. 

Brethren,  it  is  the  Design  of  the  King,  our  Father,  at  present, 
to  make  a  Settlement  of  P>ritish  Subjects  on  the  South  East 
Side  of  Ohio,  that  we  may  be  united  as  one  People,  by  the 
strongest  Ties  of  Neighbourhood  as  well  as  Friendship,  &  by 
these  Means  be  able  to  withstand  the  Insults  of  our  Enemies, 
be  they  of  what  Kind  soever. 

From  such  a  Settlement  greater  Advantages  will  arise  to 
you,  than  you  can  at  present  conceive,  our  People  will  be  able 
to  supply  you  with  (ioods  much  Cheaper  than  can  at  this  Time 
l^e  afforded;  they  will  be  a  ready  Help  in  Case  you  shou'd 
he  attacked,  and  some  good  Men  among  them  will  be  ap- 
pointed, with  Authority  to  punish  &  restrain  the  many  Injuries 
&  Abuses  too  frequently  committed  here,  by  disorderly  white 
People. 

Brethren,  be  assured  that  the  King,  our  Father,  by  purchas- 
ing your  T^nds,  had  never  any  Intention  of  takein^i^  them  from 
you,  but  that  we  might  live  t(^gether  as  one  People,  &  kce*^ 
them  from  the  French,  who  wou'd  be  bad  Neighbours. 

He  is  not  like  the  French  King,  who  calls  himself  your 
Father.  &  endeavoured  about  three  Years  ago  with  an  armed 
Force  to  take  Possession  of  your  Country,  by  setting  up  In- 
scriptions on  Trees,  and  at  the  Mouths  of  Creeks  on  this  River, 
by  which  he  claims  the  Lands,  tho'  at  the  Time  of  their  Com- 
ing &  for  many  Years  before,  a  Number  of  your  Brethren,  the 
English,  were  residing  in  this  Town,  &  at  seveial  ^ther  Places 
on  this  River. 


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162  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

You  Will  remember  how  he  scattered  the  Shawness,  so  that 
they  are  since  dispersed  all  over  the  Face  of  the  Earth ;  and  he 
now  threatens  to  cut  off  the  Twightwees.  This  is  to  weaken 
you  that  he  may  cut  you  off  also,  which  he  durst  not  Attempt 
while  you  are  united. 

On  the  Contrary,  the  King,  your  Father,  will  lay  his  Hand 
on  your  Heads,  under  which  Protection  you  will  always  re- 
main safe. 

Brethren,  the  great  King,  our  Father,  recommends  a  strict 
Union  between  us,  you,  &  our  Brethren  towards  the  Sun 
setting,  which  will  make  us  strong  &  formidable,  as  a  Division 
may  have  a  contrary  Effect.  We  are  directed  to  send  a  small 
Present  to  the  Twightwees  as  an  Earnest  of  the  Regard  which 
the  Governor  of  Virginia  has  for  them,  with  an  Assurance  of 
his  further  Friendship,  when  ever  they  shall  stand  in  Need. 
Brethren : 

We  earnestly  exhort  you  not  to  be  drawn  away  by  the 
empty,  deceitful  Speeches  of  ye  french,  the  peculiar  Talent  of 
that  cunning  people,  but  in  all  their  attempts  to  shake  your 
Duty  to  our  common  Father,  think  on  what  real  Acts  of  friend- 
ship have  been  done  by  the  English,  and  what  by  them ;  weigh 
these  Things  in  your  Minds,  and  then  determine  who  best  cl 
serves  your  Esteem  and  regard,  for  it  is  not  by  vain,  unmean- 
ning  Words  true  friendship  is  to  be  discovered.  That  what 
we  have  said  may  have  the  deeper  impression  on  you  &  have 
its  full  force  we  present  you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  Belt. 

Brethren,  It  is  many  years  ago  that  the  English  first  came 
over  the  great  Water  to  visit  you ;  on  our  first  coming  you  took 
hold  of  our  Ships  and  tied  them  to  your  strongest  Trees,  ever 
since  which  we  have  remained  together  in  friendship ;  we  have 
assisted  you  when  you  have  been  attacked  by  the  French,  by 
which  you  have  been  able  to  withstand  them,  and  you  have 
remained  our  good  Friends  &  Allies,  for  tho'  at  some  times 
the  Qiain  of  friendship  may  have  contracted  some  Rust,  it 
has  been  easily  rubbed  off,  and  the  Chain  has  been  restored 
to  its  brightness.     This,  we  hope,  will  always  be  the  Case,  and 


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THE  TREATY  OF  LOGG*S  TOWN,    1 752.  163 

that  our  friendship  may  continue  to  the  latest  posterity  we 
g^ve  you  this  String  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  String. 
Brethren : 

We  are  sorry  for  the  occasion  that  requires  us  to  com- 
plain to  you  of  an  Injury  done  us  by  one  of  your  people  who 
murdered  a  poor  Woman  on  the  new  River.  Murder  is  a  great 
Crime,  and  by  the  Consent  of  all  Nations,  has  been  usually 
punished  with  death;  this  is  ye  usage  among  the  English, 
whether  one  of  our  own  people  has  been  killed,  or  one  of  our 
Brethren,  the  Indians,  and  it  is  one  of  the  earliest  commands 
of  the  great  father  and  maker  of  us  all,  who  inhabits  the 
skies,  that  whoso  shedeth  Man's  Blood,  by  man  his  Blood 
shall  be  shed. 

We  understand  that  you  know  the  Man  that  is  accused  of 
the  Murder,  and  we  hope  you  will  give  him  up  to  be  tried 
by  our  Law.  You  may  be  assured  that  he  will  have  a  fair 
trial,  and  if  he  is  not  guilty,  he  will  be  sent  back  unhurt. 

We  must  inform  you  that  the  Governor  of  Virginia  expects 
that  you  will  deliver  the  person  supposed  to  be  guilty  up  to 
some  Magistrate  in  Virginia,  whom  we  shall  name  to  you 
that  he  may  send  him  to  W°''burg  for  his  trial. 

This  procedure  is  not  only  proper,  as  it  is  a  compliance  with 
the  law  of  God,  and  of  Nations,  but  it  is  necessary  to  warn  all 
hot-headed  men  who  are  not  guided  by  reason  to  forbear  from 
such  wicked  Actions,  by  which  their  Brethren  suffer. 
Brethren : 

We  desire  for  the  future  that  you  will  observe  the  Treaty 
of  Lancaster,  and  whenever  your  people  travel  through  Vir- 
ginia, that  they  will  take  such  passes  as  are  directed  by  that 
Treaty.  By  these  passes,  signed  by  Magistrates,  the  Men  will 
be  known,  which  will  be  some  restraint  on  them  as  to  their 
behaviour.  It  will  be  proper,  also,  that  a  man  of  prudence  & 
discretion  should  head  such  a  party  that  one  among  them,  if 
possible,  should  speak  English,  and  that  by  no  means  any 
French  or  french  Indians  be  suffered  to  go  with  them. 

We  might  have  mentioned  many  other  Irregularities,  but 
we  have  forborne,  in  hopes  that  for  the  future  you  will  give 


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164  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

your  people  such  orders  as  will  prevent  our  having  any  further 
occasion  to  complain.     To  inforcc  what  we  have  said  and  to 
induce  you  to  do  us  justice,  we  present  you  with  this  Belt  of 
Wampum, 
gave  a  Belt. 

The  Commissioners  then  spoke  to  the  Allies  of  the  Six  Na- 
tions, who  were  present,  having  first  advised  with  the  half 
King,  and  being  joined  by  him  in  the  Speeches  in  the  name 
of  the  Six  Nations. 

Brethren,  the  Delawares,  we  thank  you  for  the  kind  recep- 
tion you  gave  us  when  we  came  to  Shenapins,  which  we  shall 
never  forget.  We  advise  and  exhort  you  to  beware  of  french 
Councils,  &  that  you  will  adhere  to  a  strict  friendship  with 
us,  the  Six  Nations,  and  your  Brethren  who  live  towards  the 
Sun  setting,  which  will  strengthen  us  all,  and  be  a  sure  de- 
fence against  our  Enemies.  To  confirm  you  in  this  mind,  w-e 
present  you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum, 
gave  a  Belt. 

Brethren,  the  shawness,  your  Nation  has  suffered  much 
by  French  Devices  by  which  you  have  been  dispers'd.  We 
exhort  you  that  remain,  that  you  keep  firm  hold  of  the  great 
Chain  of  Friendship  between  us,  the  six  Nations  &  their  Allies, 
which  is  the  likeliest  Method  to  retrieve  your  Loss,  and  again 
'  to  make  you  an  happy  People.  We  present  you  with  this 
Belt  of  Wampum. 
Gave  a  Belt. 

Brethren,  the  Windots,  your  Nation  is  divided,  &  Part  is 
under  the  Direction  of  the  French ;  we  think  it  wou'd  be  good 
Policy  in  you  that  are  in  our  Interest,  to  endeavor  to  bring 
over  your  Brethren.  But  if  this  can't  be  done,  you  ought  to 
take  all  the  Care  in  your  Power,  that  they  do  not,  under  the 
Colour  &  Name  of  Friendship,  come  into  our  Country  &  hurt 
our  Inhabitants ;  or,  if  they  do,  that  you  will  endeavor  to 
secure  them  on  their  Return  &  give  them  up :  to  prevent  any 
Misunderstanding,  w^e  present  you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 
Gave  a  Belt. 

After  the  Speeches  had  been   spoke,  &  interpreted;   The 
Commissioners,  in  his  Majesty's  Name,  delivered  the  Present 


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THE   TREATY   OF   LOGG'S   TOWN,    1 752.  165 

of  Goods  to  the  half  King  &  the  other  Chiefs  of  the  Indian?, 
who  thankfully  received  them,  &  appointed  some  of  their  Men 
to  make  a  Division  of  them,  which  they  did,  without  the  least 
Noise  or  Disorder,  on  the  Spot,  among  the  several  Nations; 
whose  representatives  respectively  took  Charge  of  their  Parts, 
to  be  subdivided  when  they  carried  them  Home. 

The  half  King  then,  with  a  ten  rowed  Belt,  of  Wampum  in 
his  Hand,  directing  his  Speech  to  Eghnisara,  which  is  Mr. 
Montour's  indian  Name,  said: 

Child,  remember  that  you  are  one  of  our  own  People,  and 
have  transacted  a  great  Deal  of  Business  among  us  before ; 
you  were  emplo}ed  by  our  brethren  of  Pensylvania  and  Vir- 
ginia ;  you  are  Interpreter  between  us  and  our  Brethren,  which 
we  are  well  pleased  at,  for  we  are  sure  our  Business  will  go  on 
well  &  Justice  be  done  on  both  Sides.  But  you  are  not  Inter- 
preter only ;  for  )  ou  are  one  of  our  Council,  have  an  equal 
Right  with  us  to  all  these  Lands,  &  may  transact  any  publick 
Business  in  behalf  of  us,  the  six  Nations,  as  well  as  any  of 
us,  for  we  look  upon  you  as  much  as  we  do  upon  any  of  the 
chief  Counsellors ;  and  to  confirm  what  we  have  said,  we  pre- 
sent you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  Belt. 

Then  addressing  himself  to  the  Comnu'ssioners  of  Virginia, 
and  all  the  Indians  present,  with  a  String  of  Wampum  in  his 
Hand,  he  spoke  as  follows: 

Brethren,  it  is  a  great  while  since  our  brother,  the  Buck 
(meaning  Mr.  George  Croghan)  has  been  doing  Business 
between  us,  &  our  Brother  of  Pensylvania.  but  we  understood 
he  does  not  intend  to  do  any  more,  so  I  now  inform  you  that 
he  is  approved  of  by  our  Council  at  Onondago,  for  we  sent  to 
them  to  let  them  know  how  he  has  helped  us  in  our  Councils 
here ;  and  to  let  you  &  him  know  that  he  is  one  of  our  People 
and  shall  help  us  still  &  be  one  our  Council,  I  deliver  him  this 
String  of  Wampum. 

Gave  a  Belt. 

He  next  spoke  to  the  Shawness,  and  told  them  he  took  the 
Hatchet  from  them,  &  tied  them  with  black  Strings  of  Wam- 
pum, to  hinder  them  from  going  to  War  against  the  Chero- 


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166  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

kees ;  he  said  they  had  struck  their  own  Body  &  did  not  know 
what  they  were  doing ;  had  they  not  some  of  their  own  People 
whom  they  wou'd  get  back,  and  wou'd  it  not  .be  better  to  be 
at  Peace,  to  bring  them  back?  He  charged  them  not  to  go 
again  to  strike  their  own  People,  &  he  said  that  he  hoped  that 
the  Governors  of  Virginia  and  Pensylvania  wou'd  interest 
themselves  in  making  a  Peace. 

Gave  a  black  String  of  Wampum. 

Then  turning  to  the  Delewars,  he  said,  you  went  to  the 
Windots  &  delivered  them  a  Speech  &  a  Belt  of  Wampum,  to 
make  a  Peace  between  you  and  the  Cherokees,  &  after  you 
came  back,  you  let  your  young  Men  go  to  War  against  the 
Cherokees,  which  was  very  wrong  after  you  had  delivered  the 
Speech,  which  I  myself,  being  present,  heard. 

I  take  the  Hatchet  from  you ;  you  belong  to  me,  &  I  think 
you  arc  to  be  ruled  by  me,  &  I,  joining  with  your  Brethren 
of  Virginia,  order  you  to  go  to  war  no  more. 

Gave  a  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Taking  a  belt  of  Wampum  in  his  Hand,  he  proceeded  as 
followeth : 

Brethren,  the  Governors  of  Virginia  &  Pensylvania,  some 
Years  ago  we  made  a  Complaint  to  our  Brother  of  Pensylvania, 
that  his  Traders  brought  out  too  much  of  spirituous  Liquors 
among  us,  &  desired  that  there  might  not  come  such  Quan- 
tities, and  hoped  he  wou'd  order  his  Traders  to  sell  their  Goods 
&  Liquors  at  cheaper  Rates. 

In  Answer  to  our  request,  Conrad  Wieser  delivered  us  this 
Belt  of  Wampum,  &  told  us  that  we  must  pay  but  five  Buck- 
skins for  a  Cagg,  &  if  the  Traders  wou'd  not  take  that,  we 
shou'd  have  it  for  Nothing. 

Since  which  Time  there  has  been  double  the  Quantity 
brought  out  yearly  &  sold  as  formerly,  &  we  have  made  our 
C'omplaints  since  to  try  to  stop  such  large  Quantities  from 
being  brought,  but  as  there  has  been  no  Notice  taken  to  pre- 
vent it,  we  believe  Mr.  Wieser  spoke  only  from  his  mouth,  & 
not  from  his  Heart,  and  without  the  Governor's  Authority,  so 
we  think  proper  to  return  the  Belt. 

He  gave  the  Belt  to  Mr.  Croghan. 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGG'S  TOWN,    I752.  167 

Thursday,  June  nth. 
Present  : 

Joshua  Fry,  Lunsford  Lomax,  James  Patton,  Commissioners. 

Mr.  Christopher  Gist,  Agent  for  the  Ohio  Company. 

The  Chiefs  of  the  six  Nations. 

Mr.  Andrew  Montour,  Interpreter. 

The  Commissioners  of  Virginia  delivered  to  the  six  Na- 
tions a  String  of  Wampum  &  Suit  of  Indian  Clothing,  to  wipe 
away  their  Tears  for  the  Loss  of  one  of  their  Chiefs,  who 
lately  came  down  from  the  Head  of  Ohio  to  Loggs  Town,  & 
died  there. 

Afterwards  the  half  King  spoke  to  the  Delawars.  Nephews, 
you  received  a  Speech  last  Year  from  your  Brother,  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Pensylvania,  and  from  us,  desiring  you  to  choose  one 
of  your  wisest  Counsellors  t  present  him  to  us,  for  a  King,  as 
you  have  done  it,  we  let  you  know  that  it  is  our  Right  to  give 
you  a  King,  and  we  think  proper  to  give  you  Shingas  for 
your  King,  whom  you  must  look  upon  as  your  Chief,  &  witli 
whom  all  publick  Business  must  be  transacted  between  you 
&  your  Brethren,  the  English. 

On  which  the  half  King  put  a  laced  Hat  on  the  Head  of  the 
Beaver,  who  stood  Proxy  for  his  Brother  Shingas,  &  pre- 
sented him  also  with  a  rich  Jacket  &  a  suit  of  English  Colours, 
which  had  been  delivered  to  the  Half  King,  by  the  Commis- 
sioners for  that  Purpose. 

The  Commissioners,  addressing  themselves  to  the  Shawness, 
acquainted  them  that  they  understood  that  their  chief  King 
Cockawichy,  who  had  been  a  good  Friend  to  the  English,  was 
lying  bed-rid,  and  that  to  show  the  Regard  they  had  for  his 
past  Services,  they  took  this  Opportunity  to  acknowledge  it,  by 
presenting  him  with  a  Suit  of  Indian  Clothing. 

Then  the  half  King  spoke  as  follows: 

Brother  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  You  acquainted  us  yes- 
terday with  the  King's  Right  to  all  Lands  in  Virginia  as  far 
as  it  is  settled,  &  back  from  thence  to  the  Sun  setting,  when- 
ever he  shall  think  fit  to  extend  his  Settlements.  You  pro- 
duced a  Copy  of  the  Deed,  made  by  the  Onondago  Council  at 


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168  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  &  desired  tliat  your  Brethren  of  Ohio 
might  likewise  confirm  that  Deed. 

Brother,  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  We  are  well  acquainted 
that  our  chief  Council,  at  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  confirmed  a 
Deed  to  you  for  a  Quantity  of  Land  in  Virginia  which  you 
have  a  Right  to,  &  likewise  our  Brother  Onas  has  a  right  to 
a  Parcel  of  Land  in  Pensylvania.  We  are  glad  you  have  ac- 
quainted us  with  the  Right  to  those  Lands,  &  we  -assure  you 
we  are  willing  to  confirm  any  Thing  our  Council  has  done  in 
Regard  to  the  Land,  but  we  never  understood,  before  you  told 
us  Yesterday,  that  the  Lands  then  sold  were  to  extend  further 
to  the  Sun  setting  than  the  Hill  on  the  other  Side  of  the  Alle- 
gany Hill,  so  that  we  can't  give  you  a  further  Answer  now. 

Brother,  you  acquainted  us  yesterday  that  the  French  were 
a  designing  People,  which  we  now  see  &  know  that  they  de- 
sign to  cheat  us  out  of  our  Lands ;  you  told  us  that  the  King 
of  England  designed  to  settle  some  Lands  on  the  South  East 
Side  of  Ohio,  that  it  might  be  better  in  our  Brethren's  Power 
to  help  us,  if  w-e  were  in  Need,  than  it  is  at  Present  at  the 
great  Distance  they  live  from  us :  we  are  sure  the  French  de- 
sign nothing  else  but  Mischief,  for  they  have  struck  our 
Friends,  the  Twightwees.  We  therefore  desire  our  Brethren 
of  Virginia  may  build  a  strong  House,  at  the  Fork  of  the 
Mohongalio,  to  keep  such  Goods,  Powder,  Lead  &  necessaries 
as  shall  be  w^anting,  and  as  soon  as  you  please :  and  as  we  have 
given  our  Cousins,  the  Delawars,  a  King,  who  lives  there,  we 
desire  you  will  look  upon  him  as  a  Chief  of  that  Nation. 

Gave  a  large  String  of  Wampum. 

Brethren,  your  Brothers  that  live  on  the  Ohio  are  all  War- 
riors &  hunters,  &  likew^ise  your  Brothers,  the  Traders,  ai^c 
not  all  wise  Men :  there  has  been  Reason  for  many  Complaints 
for  some  Time  past,  but  we  will  not  complain  of  our  Brethren, 
the  Traders,  for  we  love  them,  &  can't  live  without  them,  but 
w-e  hope  you  will  take  care  to  send  none  among  us  but  good 
Men,  sure  you  know  them  that  are  fit,  &  we  hope  you  will 
advise  them  how  to  behave,  &  we  will  take  all  the  Care  we 
can  of  our  young  Men,  that  they  shall  behave  better  than 
thev  have  done. 


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THE   TREATY   OF    LOGG's   TOWN,     I752.  169 

We  well  remember  when  first  we  saw  our  Brethren,  the 
English,  &  we  remember  the  first  Council  we  had  with  them,  & 
we  shall  do  all  we  can  to  keep  the  Chain  of  Friendship  from 
Rust. 

This  Evening  the  Commissioners  had  a  private  Conference 
with  the  half  King,  on  the  Subject  of  the  strong  House,  for  it 
had  been  alleged,  that  the  Expression  implied  a  Settlement  of 
People,  as  well  as  an  House.  The  Question  being  asked 
whether  he  meant  it  in  that  Sense  or  not.  He  answered  in  the 
Negative. 

The  Commissioners  then  told  him  that  a  Trade  cou'd  never 
be  carried  on  with  them  to  their  Advantage,  unless  we  had  a 
Settlement  of  People  near  to  raise  Provision  &  make  them 
plenty  &  cheap,  for  whilst  the  Traders  were  obliged  to  bring 
theirs  from  Pensylvania,  or  purchase  of  those  who  brought 
them  for  sale,  they  were  oblig'd  to  lay  a  greater  Advance  on 
their  Goods  to  answer  that  Charge.  &  that  if  at  any  Time  they 
themselves  shou'd  stand  in  need  of  Assistance  against  an 
Enemy,  it  would  be  easier  for  their  Brethren,  the  English,  to 
send  ]\Ien  than  to  support  them  afterwards  with  Provisions. 

Fryday,  the  12th  of  June. 

The  half  King  &  the  deputy  from  the  Onondago  Council, 
with  a  String  of  Wampum,  informed  the  Commissioners  that 
one  Fraizer  a  Smith,  in  the  Town  of  Wivvango.  threatened  to 
remove;  that  they  did  not  desire  he  should  leave,  them,  but,  if 
he  did,  they  wished  another  might  be  sent  to  them,  &  they 
said  they  had  not  a  sufficient  Number  of  Traders  there  to 
supply  them  with  Goods. 

To  which  the  Commissioners  replied  that  they  wou'd  repre- 
sent their  Case  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  &  hoped  they 
wou'd  be  supplied  according  to  their  Desire. 

The  same  Day  the  Chiefs  of  the  Shawnese.  with  a  String 
of  Wampum,  thanked  the  Commissioners  for  their  good  Ad- 
vice. They  acknowledged  that  they  had  been  led  astray  by 
the  French,  &  had  suffered  for  it,  &  said  that  they  wou'd  take 
Care  not  to  be  deceived  by  the  French  again,  but  would  keep 


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170  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

fast  hold  to  the  Chain  of  Friendship  between  the  English,  the 
six  Nations  &  themselves. 

The  Commissioners  thanked  them  for  their  Attachment  to 
the  English,  &  desired  their  Compliments  might  be  made  to  the 
young  King  of  the  Shawnese,  who  was  generously  gone  to 
the  Assistance  of  the  Pitts ;  they  sent  him  also  a  laced  Hat  and 
a  rich  Jacket. 

A  little  before  the  Treaty  began,  a  Trader's  Man  about  fort}' 
Miles  above  Loggs  Town,  cut  an  Indian  of  the  six  Nations 
dangerously  across  the  Wrist  with  a  Knife,  &  took  his  Gun 
from  him,  which  much  exasperated  the  Indian,  &  he  threatened 
to  revenge  it  on  some  of  the  Traders.  To  pacify  him  the 
Commissioners  gave  him  a  Gun,  &  Mr.  George  Croghan  a 
thousand  of  Wampum  to  pay  for  the  Cure,  on  which  the  In- 
dian returned  thanks  for  the  Care  his  Brethren  had  taken,  & 
assured  them  they  had  removed  all  Anger  from  his  Breast,  and 
that  he  wou'd  think  no  more  of  what  had  happened. 

Saturday,  June  the  13th. 
Present  : 

Joshua  Fry,  Lunsford  Lomax,  James  Patton,  Commissioners. 

Mr.  Christopher  Gist,  Agent  for  the  Ohio  Company. 

The  Chiefs  of  the  six  Nations. 

Mr.  Andrew  Montour,  Interpreter. 

Thonarison,  speaking  to  the  Commissioners,  said: 

Brethren,  you  told  us  you  sent  a  Present  of  Goods  in  the 
Year  1748,  which  you  say  Conrad  Wieser  delivered  at  this 
Town ;  he  may  have  told  you  so,  but  we  assure  you  we  never 
heard  of  it  from  him ;  it  is  true  he  did  deliver  us  Goods  then, 
but  we  understood  him  they  were  from  our  Brother  Onas** 
he  never  made  mention  of  the  great  King,  our  Father,  nor 
of  our  Brother  Assaragos" 

i<*Onas.  the  Indian  name  for  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania. 
^^Assaregos,  or  Assaregoa,   the   Indian   name  for  the  Governor  of 
Virginia. 


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THE  TREATY   OF   LOGG's  TOWN,    I752,  171 

Then,  directing  his  Speech  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  he 
said: 

Brother,  you  complained  to  us  that  some  of  our  People  had 
murdered  a  Woman  in  Virginia ;  it  is  true  there  has  been  such 
a  Thing  done  &  Brother  we  know  the  Man  that  did  it;  he  is 
one  of  our  six  Nations,  although  he  has  lived  some  time  among 
the  French.  We  cannot  make  an  Excuse  for  so  barbarous  a 
Murder,  but  we  assure  you  he  did  it  without  our  Knowledge,  & 
we  beleive  the  evil  Spirit  tempted  him  to  do  it ;  we  will  let  the 
Onondago  Council  know  what  has  been  done,  &  we  believe 
they  will  try  to  get  him,  &  make  a  satisfaction  for  the  Crime 
committed. 

Gave  a  String  of  black  &  white  Wampum. 

Brother,  we  have  heard  what  you  said  in  Regard  to  the 
King's  Design  of  making  a  Settlement  of  his  People  on  the 
Waters  of  the  River  Ohio;  you  likewise  told  us  you  had  a 
Deed  for  those  Lands  signed  by  our  Council  at  the  Treaty  of 
Lancaster ;  we  assure  you  of  our  Willingness  to  agree  to  what 
our  Council  does  or  has  done,  but  we  have  not  the  full  Power 
in  our  Hands  here  on  Ohio. 

We  must  acquaint  our  Council  at  Onondago  of  the  Affair, 
and  whatsoever  they  bid  us  do,  we  will  do. 

In  Regard  to  our  Request  of  Building  a  strong  House  at  the 
Mouth  of  Mohongalio,  you  told  us  it  wou'd  require  a  Settle- 
ment to  support  it  with  provisions  &  necessaries.  It  is  true, 
but  we  will  take  Care  that  there  shall  tie  no  Scarcity  of  that 
Kind,  untill  we  can  give  you  a  full  Answer;  Although  in  all 
our  Wars  we  don't  consider  Provisions,  for  we  live  on  one 
another;  but  we  know  it  is  different  with  our  Brethren,  the 
English. 

Gave  three  Strings  of  white  Wampum.. 

The  Commissioners  having  drawn  an  Instrument  of  writ- 
ing for  confirming  the  Deed  made  at  Lancaster,  &  containing 
a  Promise  that  the  Indians  wou*d  not  molest  our  Settlements 
on  the  South  East  Side  of  Ohio,  desired  Mr.  Montour  to  con- 
fer with  his  Brethren,  the  other  Sachems,  in  private,  on  the 
Subject,  to  urge  the  Necessity  of  such  a  Settlement  &  the 


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172  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

great  Advantage  it  wou'd  be  to  them,  as  to  their  Trade  or  their 
Security. 

On  which  they  retir'd  for  half  an  Hour,  &  then  return'd,  & 
Mr.  Montour  said  they  were  satisfied  in  the  Matter  &  were 
willing  to  sign  &  seal  the  Writing,  which  was  done  &  witnessed 
by  the  Gentlemen  then  present. 

The  half  King  spoke  as  followeth : 

Brethren,  the  Governors  of  Virginia  &  Pensylvania,  you  ex- 
pressed your  Regard  for  our  Friends  &  Allies,  the  Twightwees, 
&  have  considerecl  their  Necessities  at  present,  we  return  you 
our  Thanks  for  your  Care  of  them ;  we  will  join  with  you,  & 
desire  you  will  deliver  them  this  Belt  and  let  them  know  from 
us,  that  we  desire  them  not  to  forget  what  they  did  in  Pen- 
sylvania when  they  were  down  four  Years  ago  and  Joined  in 
Friendship  with  our  Brethren,  the  English :  we  desire  they  may 
hold  fast  by  the  Chain  of  Friendship,  &  not  listen  to  any  but 
their  Brethren,  the  English.  &  us,  the  six  Nations,  Delawars  & 
Shawnese,  as  we  will  stand  by  them ;  we  expect  they  will 
come  down  &  confirm  the  Friendship  they  have  engaged  in 
with  the  English. 

He  delivered  the  Belt,  to  be  sent  to  the  Shawnese. 

The  Commissioners  then  opened  the  Road  to  \'irginia  with 
a  Belt  of  Wampum,  &  the  following  Speech : 

Brethren,  we  have  travelled  through  a  long  &  dark  Way  to 
meet  you  at  this  Council:  we  have  now  compleated  our  Busi- 
ness with  Pleasure  &  Satisfaction,  both  to  you  &  us,  &  as  we 
are  now  returning  back,  we  do  in  the  name  of  the  great  King, 
Your  Father,  as  also  in  the  Name  of  your  Brother,  the  Gov- 
ernor of  X'irginia.  remove  all  Obstacles  out  of  the  way,  &  make 
clear  the  Road  that  you  may  at  any  time  send  Messengers  >o 
us  on  any  Occasion,  and  we  shall  always  be  ready  to  receive 
them  kindly,  and  look  upon  you  as  our  Brethren :  and  in  Token 
of  our  Sincerity  of  our  Hearts,  we  present  you  with  this  Belt 
of  Wampum. 

Gave  the  Belt. 

The  Commissioners  added: 

Brethren,  at  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  the  Commissioners 


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THE   TREATY   OF   LOGG'S   TOWN,    I752.  173 

informed  you  of  a  large  House  built  among  us  for  the  edu- 
cating of  Indian  Children,  &  desired  that  you  would  send  some 
of  Yours ;  we  now  make  you  the  same  Offer,  but  if  you  think 
it  too  far  to  send  your  Children,  we  desire  to  know  whether 
it  wou*d  be  agreeable  to  you  that  Teachers  shou'd  be  sent 
among  you. 

The  Advantage  of  an  Etiglish  Education  are  greater  than 
can  be  imagined  by  those  who  are  unacquainted  with  it.  By  it 
we  know  in  that  Part  of  the  World  from  whence  we  came; 
how  Nations  for  some  thousands  of  Years  back  have  arose, 
grown  powerful,  or  decayed ;  how  they  have  removed  from  one 
Place  to  another;  what  Battles  have  been  fought;  what  great 
Men  have  lived, &  how  the\  have  acted,  either  in  Council  or 
in  War. 

In  this  Part  of  the  World  we  know  from  the  first  Time  the 
Spaniards  came  to  it,  how  cruelly  they  used  the  Indians,  then 
whollv  ignorant  of  fire  Arms.  And  we  know  the  Actions  of 
the  French  against  you  &  others.  There  are  many  Benefits 
arising  from  a  good  Education,  which  wou'd  be  too  long  to  be 
mentioned,  but  the  greatest  of  all  is,  that  by  it  we  are  ac- 
auainted  with  the  Will  of  the  great  God,  the  Creator  of  the 
World  and  Father  of  us  all,  who  inhabits  the  Skies,  by  which 
the  better  People  among  us  regulate  their  Lives,  &  hope  after 
Death  to  live  with  him  forever. 

Gave  a  String  of  Wampum. 

To  which  the  half  King,  after  a  short  Pause,  answered : 

Brethren,  we  heard  of  the  Offer  which  was  made  us  yt 
Lancaster,  &  we  thank  you  for  that  which  you  make  us  now, 
but  we  can  give  you  no  Answer  before  we  have  consulted  the 
Onondago  Council  about  it. 

A  Copy  of  the  Instrument  of  writing  before  mentioned. 

Whereas,  at  the  Treaty  of  Lancaster,  in  the  County  of  Lan- 
caster &  Province  of  Pensylvania,  held  between  the  Govern- 
ment of  Virginia  &  the  six  united  Nations  of  Indians,  in  the 
Year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  &  sevcnty-foi'.r 
[sic,  but  forty-four  is  of  cause  meant]  ;  the  Hon'ble  Thoma;^ 
Lee  and  William  Beverly,  Esqrs.,  being  Commissioners,  a  Deed 


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174  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

recognizing  &  acknowledging  the  Right  &  Title  of  his  Majesty 
our  sovereign  Lord,  the  King  of  great  Britain,  to  all  the  Lands 
within  the  Colony  of  Virginia,  as  it  was  then  or  hereafter, 
might  be  peopled  &  bounded  by  his  Majesty,  our  sovereign 
Lord,  the  King,  his  Heirs  &  Successors,  was  signed,  sealed 
&  delivered  by  the  Sachems  &  Chiefs  of  the  six  united  Nations, 
then  present,  as  may  more  fully  appear  by  the  s*  Deed,  refer- 
ence thereunto  being  had :  We,  Conogariera,  Cheseago,  Cown- 
sagret,  Enguisara,  Togrondoaro,  Thonorison,  Sachems  & 
Chiefs  of  the  s*  united  Nations,  now  met  in  Council  at  Loggs 
Town,  do  hereby  signify  our  Consent  &  Confirmation  of  said 
Deed  in  as  full  &  ample  a  Manner  as  if  the  same  was  here  re- 
cited. And  whereas  his  Majesty  has  a  present  Design  of 
making  a  Settlement  or  Settlements  of  British  Subjects  on 
the  southern  or  eastern  Parts  of  the  River  Ohio,  called  other- 
wise the  Allagany.  We  in  Council  (Joshua  Fry,  Lunsford  Lo- 
max,  &  James  Patton,  being  Commissioners  on  behalf  of  his 
Majesty)  do  give  our  consent  thereto,  &  do  further  promise 
that  the  said  Settlement  or  Settlements  shall  be  unmolested  by 
us,  and  that  we  will,  as  far  as  in  our  power,  assist  and  Protect 
the  British  Subjects  there  inhabiting. 

In  Witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto  put  our  hands  and 
Seals  this  thirteenth  day  of  June,  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord 
1752. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING   WILLIAM    PARISH. 


175 


THE    VESTRY    BOOK     OF    KING    WILLIAM 
PARISH,  VA.,  1707-1750. 

(continued) 
Antoine  Bernard,  i      Isaac  Robinson, 


Edward  Brayer, 

Thomas  Dikins, 

Henry  Bely, 

Tom, 

London, 

Gini, 

Matt, 

Maria, 

Jacob  Trabu,  London, 

Thomas  Martain, 

Marque, 

Betti, 

Jaque. 

Elie  Sasin, 

John  Williamson, 

Jean  Vilain,  j., 

Magfdelaine  Salle's  Bob, 

Pierre  Dep., 


Pierre  Salle,  Jimi,  2 

David  Bernard,  i 

Jean  Bernard,  i 

Jaque  Faure,  Pierre  Bioret,  2 
Jean  Bonduran,  Pierre  Bon- 

duran,  2 

John  Harris,   Patrick,  Fil- 

lis,  3. 

Daniel  Pero,  Stiphin  Reno, 

Joe,  3 

John  James  Florinoir,    '^ 
John  Worley,  I 

Sesar,  I"        4 

Yemma,  I 

Suky,  J 

Samuel  Wever,  i 

Jaque  Soblet,  i 

Jaque  Desasi,  i 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Sara,       2 
Isaac  Gori,  i 

Wm.  Stanford,  i 

Pierre  David,  Dick,  Manue, 

Dina,  4 


February  7,  1735-6.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  An- 
toine Benin,  Jean  Pierre  Billiebo,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre 
Faure,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy;  Guillieaume  Salle,  Pierre  Gueran, 
Andre  Amonet,  David  Lesueur.  Received  of  David  Lesueur 
one  pound  six  shillings  in  money. 

Jeax  Chastain. 

July  25,  1736.  The  vestry  assembled  at  the  close  of  the 
preaching.  Present:  Antoine  Benin.  Jean  Jaque  Bilbo,  Esti- 
ene Chastain,  Antoine  Rapine,  Pierre  Faure,  David  Lesueur, 
Guilieaume  Salle,  Pierre  Gueran,  Andre  Amonet.  We  agreed 
with  Mr.  Gavin  to  preach  26  sermons  per  year  in  our  church, 
he  binding  himself  to  preach  seventeen  on  Sunday  and  the 
rest  in  the  week,  at  twenty  shillings  per  sermon,  payable  in 
wheat  at  three  shillings  per  bushel  or  in  maize  at  eighteen 


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176  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

pence  per  bushel,   delivered  partly  below  and  partly  at  his 
place.*^ 

Jean  Chastain. 

List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  for 
THE  Year  1736. 


Willeam  Stanford, 

I 

Antoine  Rapine, 

7 

Thomas  Dickens, 

10 

Jean  Jaque  Florinoir, 

3 

Estiene  Calvet, 

4 

Mathieu  Oge, 

3 

Barthelemi  and  Pierre  Du- 

Jaque  Faure, 

I 

puy. 

2 

Pierre  Depp, 

3 

Andre  Amonnet, 

I 

Cp.  Jaque  Holman, 

2 

Jean  Levilain,  signor, 

5 

Daniel  Pero, 

4 

David  Leseiir,  constable^^ 

Christophe  Charlton, 

I 

Pierre  David, 

6 

Jaque  Brian, 

2 

Thomas  Porter, 

4. 

Estiene  Malet, 

4 

Antoine  Benin, 

7 

^lathieu  Jordin, 

I 

Jean  Porter, 

3 

John  Haris, 

I 

Pierre  Bilbo, 

2 

Benjamin  Haris, 

r 

Thomas  Bradley, 

I 

Samuel  Wever, 

I 

Guilieaume  Salle. 

5 

Eduard  Scott, 

7 

Edw.  Tanner  and  Edw. 

Ralph   Flipin, 

2 

Tanner,  jun.. 

2 

^Ma^rdelaine  Salle's  tithables 

I 

Jean  and  Pierre  Bonduran 

2 

Jean  Levilain, 

I 

Pierre  Salle. 

2 

Moyse  Eorqueran, 

I 

*2Mr.  Marye  was  transferred  to  St.  George's  Parish,  Spottsylvanta 
county,  in  October,  1735,  cf.  note  to  entry  of  August  16,  1730.  above, 
and  Rev.  Anthony  Gavain  seems  to  have  entered  at  once  into  his 
labors.  Mr.  Gavain's  first  engagement  in  the  parish  is,  however, 
brief,  as  he  becomes  dissatisfied  with  the  way  in  which  his  contract  is 
being  fulfilled,  and  retires  in  favor  of  Mr.  Brooke  in  December,  1736. 
The  agreement  with  him  is  renewed  in  1739,  1740,  1741  and  1743-44, 
when   he   appears   for  the  last  time   in   this   register. 

Mr.  (iavain  received  the  Bishop  of  London's  blessing  in  May,  I735t 
and  departed  for  the  Virginia  colony  in  that  year.  Cf.  a  letter  from 
him  in  Perry's  Papers  Relating  to  the  Church  in  Virginia,  pp.  360-61, 
dated  from  St.  James'  Parish,  Goochland,  Aug.  5,  1738.  Beyond  this 
reference,  which  I  owe  to  Mr.  \V.  G.  Stanard,  of  the  Virginia  Historical 
Society,  and  the  record  of  pne  baptism  performed  by  Mr.  Gavain  in 
King  William  Parish  in  1739  (Brock.  Uugcnot  Emigration,  p.  99),  I 
have  not  been  able  to  find  out  any  facts  concerning  him. 

^^ionctable.  The  present  list  contains  the  only  mention  of  such 
officers  in  the  register. 


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VESTRY  BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM  PARISH.  177 

Antoine  Chareron,  i  Jaque  Martain,  3 

Pierre  Louys  Soblet,  2  Jacob  Trabue,  2 

Pierre  Soblet,  i  Jean  Willeamson,  i 

The  Widow  Soulie's  tith-  Elie  Sasin,  i 

ables,  3  Edward  Bryer,  i 

Rene  Chastain,  3  Isaac  Robinson,  i 

Pierre  Faure,  2  Jean  Moriset,  i 

Antoine  Bernar,  i  Jean  Thomas,  2 

David  Thomas,  i  The  Widow  Dupre,  2 

Pierre  Loucadou,  i  The  Widow  Martain,  2 

Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  2  The  Widow  Dupuy,  i 

Kstiene  Farsi,  3  Daniel  Faure,  2 

Estiene  Chastain,  6  Jean  Faure,  i 

Patrick  Gilbliet,  I  Wm.  Lansdon,  2 

Willeam  Ashfield,  i  Jean  Smith,  I 

Joseph  Bingli,  4  Jaque  Robinson,  constable, 

Jean  Chastain,  2  Jaque  Soblet,  i 

Gedeon  Chambon,  4  Pierre  Gueran,  7 

The  vestry  assembled  August  3,  1736.  Present:  Antoine 
Benain,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Antoine  Rapine,  Pierre  Faure, 
wheat  and  a  bushel  and  a  half  of  maize  per  tithable. 

Jean  Chastain, 

The  vestry  assembled  December  3,  1736.  Present:  Jean 
Pierre  Bilbo,  Antoine  Rapine,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure, 
David  Lesueur,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Pierre  Gueran,  Antoine 
Benin.  Monr.  Gavin  having  encountered  difficulties  regard- 
ing his  payment,  he  stands  by  his  first  agreement.  He  had  not 
been  granted  ferriage  for  his  servants  nor  the  glebe. 

Jean  Chastain, 

This  day,  June  4,  1737,  the  vestry  agreed  with  Mr  Brook** 
to  preach  six  sermons  per  year,  and  we  are  to  pay  him  two 

i*Rev.  Zachariah  Brooke,  the  first  minister  of  St.  Paul's  Parish, 
in  Hanover  county.  Cf.  Meade,  I,  469.  He  had  already  found  time 
although  in  charge  of  a  phenomenally  large  parish,  to  perform  bap- 
tisms in  King  William  Parish  in  1727.  The  contract  with  him  is  re- 
newed for  twelve  sermons  per  year  in  1738;  but  in  the  following  year 
Mr.  Gavain  takes  his  place.  Mr.  Brooke  likewise  performed  baptisms 
in  the  parish  in  1737  and  1738.  Cf.  the  register  of  baptisms  in 
Brock,  Huguenot  Emigation  to  Virginia. 


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178  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

pounds  per  sermon  in  wheat  at  three  shillings  a  bushel,  in 
maize  at  eighteen  pence  a  bushel,  delivered  at  the  falls'  mill. 
He  commenced  on  this  arrangement  to-day. 

Jean  Chastain^ 

September  13,  1737.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  An- 
toine  Benin,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure, 
Guillieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Pierre  Gueran,  Andre 
Amonnet.  The  vestry  employed  Antoine  Chareron  to  carry 
a  letter  to  Mr.  Lapierre,  in  order  to  know  if  he  can  come^  and 
to  bring  us  the  answer  to  it.  The  vestry  assigned  him  three 
pounds,  ten  shillings,  payable,  three  pounds  in  wheat  and  in 
maize,  and  ten  shillings  in  money. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  assessment  was  made  of  one  bushel  of 
Wheat  and  one  bushel  of  maize  per  head. 

Jean  Chastain. 

September  23,  1737.  Estiene  Malet  and  Rene  Chastain 
took  the  oath  of  vestrymen  for  the  Parish  of  King  William. 
Present:  Antoine  Benain,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  David  Lesueur, 
Estiene  Chastain,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonnet,  Es- 
tiene Malet,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Rene  Chastain,   Pierre  Gue- 


ran. 


Jean  Chastain. 


The  same  day  Estiene  Malet  and  Rene  Chastain  took  the 
oath  as  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  church  wardens  are  to  make  a  contract  with  a  doctor 

to  cure  Isaac  Gori,  and  in  case  he  recovers,  he  is  to  repay 

the  parish. 

Jean  Chastain. 

April  21,  1738.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Malet,  Rene  Chastain,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure,  An- 
toine Benin,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Guilieaume  Salle,  David  Le- 
sueur, Andre  Amonnet,  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy.     It 


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VESTRY  BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH. 


179 


was  agreed  with  Mr.  Brook  to  pay  him  twenty-six  shillings 
per  sermon.  He  is  to  preach  twelve  times  per  year,  commenc- 
ing to-day.  He  is  to  be  paid  in  wheat  at  three  shillings  per 
bushel,  delivered  at  his  place,  in  maize  at  eighteen  pence  per 
bushel,  delivered  at  his  place. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  it  was  decreed  by  the  vestry  that  Estieni; 
Mallet  bind  himself  to  furnish  Isaac  Gori  with  food  and  lodg- 
ing and  bed  and  washing  for  a  year ;  and  in  case  of  death,  he 
shall  be  paid  in  proportion  as  is  agree,  viz:  six  (pounds)  per 
year,  payable  half  in  wheat,  half  in  maize,  at  three  shillings  for 
the  wheat,  the  maize  at  eighteen  pence. 

Jean  Chastain. 

List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  fok 
THE  Year  1737. 

Jean  Chastain, 
Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Bernard, 
Rene  Chastain, 
Pierre  Martain, 
Daniel  Perault, 
Jean  Porter, 
Estiene  Malet, 
Estiene  Farsi, 
Jean  Levilain,  s., 
Thos.  Gadsi, 
Jean  Trutin, 
Guilieaume  Salle, 
Barthelemi  Dupuy, 
Pierre  Dupuy, 
Pierre  Faure. 
Antoine  Benin, 
Jean  Dilion, 
David  Leseuer. 
Jaque  Brian, 
Estiene  Panetie, 


2 

Jaque  Faure, 

2 

1 

Edward  Tanner, 

I 

I 

Joseph  Bonduran, 

I 

I 

Jaque  Robinson, 

I 

6 

Thomas  Honi, 

I 

4 

Joseph  Bingli, 

4 

3 

Edward  Scott, 

9 

3 

Pierre  Soblet. 

I 

2 

Jean  Harris, 

4 

5 

Richard  Stones, 

I 

4 

Samuel  Wever, 

I 

I 

Thomas  Porter, 

2 

7 

l^dward  Sarp^ent, 

I 

I 

Benjamin,  Haris, 

I 

I 

Pierre  Gueran, 

6 

3 

Cholmen's  Wott, 

I 

7 

Jean  Jaque  Florinoir, 

3 

I 

Christophe  Charlton, 

I 

I 

Thomas  Dikins, 

8 

2 

Charle  Amonnet, 

I 

I 

The  Widow  Salle, 

T 

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180  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Jean  Panetie, 

I 

Jean  Levilain,  j., 

I 

Jean  Bottler, 

5 

Richard  Dine, 

2 

Pierre  Loucadou, 

I 

Moise  Forqueran, 

I 

Jean   Biblo, 

2 

The  Widow  Dupre, 

I 

Mathieu  Oge, 

3 

Jaque  Martain, 

3 

Pierre  David, 

7 

Jacob  Trabue, 

3 

The  Widow  Soulie. 

3 

Jean  Williamson, 

.  I 

Thomas  Bradli, 

I 

Elie  Sassin, 

I 

Pierre  Salle, 

2 

Edward  Bryer, 

I 

Jean  Bonduran, 

I 

Isaac  Robinson, 

2 

Pierre  Bonduran, 

I 

Jean  Morisset, 

I 

Pierre  Louis  Soblet, 

2 

Jean  Thomas, 

2 

Antoine  Chareron, 

I 

Charle  Pene, 

2 

David  Tomas, 

I 

The  Widow  Martain, 

2 

Estiene  Chastain. 

6 

Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 

2 

170 

July  15,  1738.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Malet,  Rene  Chastain,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Gueran,  An- 
toine Benin,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque 
Dupuy  were  elected  church  wardens,  having  already  taken  the 
oath  prescribed  by  law. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Mallet  and  Rene  Chastain  rendered 
their  account  of  their  administration  for  the  year  1737.  They 
gave  their  note  for  the  amount  which  they  owe. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Antoine  Benin  and  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  were 
discharged  of  their  administration  for  the  years  1735  ^^^ 
1736.     They  gave  their  note  for  the  money. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Guilieaume  Salle,  Jan 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure,  Andre  Amon- 
net,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Gueran,  David  Lesueur,  Estiene 
Malet.  The  levy  for  the  present  year,  1738,  amounts  to  one 
bushel  of  wheat  and  a  half-bushel  of  maize  per  head. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH. 


181 


June  II,  1739.  .The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Andre  Amonnet,  Jean  Pierre 
Bilbo,  Pierre  Faure,  Rene  Chastain,  Jean  Levilain,  le  June, 
and  Jean  Bernar  took  the  oath  of  vestrymen  for  the  Parish 
of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

List  of  Tithables  of  the  Parish  of  King  William  for 
THE  Year  1738. 


Barthelimi  Dupuy, 

I 

Edward  Tanner,  jun.. 

I 

Pierre  Dupuy, 

I 

Anne  David, 

6 

Pierre  Gueran, 

5 

Jaque  Soblet, 

2 

Rene  Chastain. 

3 

Pierre  Louys  Soblet, 

4 

Jean  Chastain, 

3 

Charle  Beler, 

2 

Thomas  Godsi, 

4 

Willeam  Banton, 

I 

Jcame  Th.  Dilion, 

I 

Thomas  Elsoan, 

I 

David  Thomas, 

I 

Anne  Scott, 

7 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 

2 

Estiene  Malet, 

2 

Thomas  Porter, 

4 

Jean  Levilain.  sig.. 

5 

John  Porter, 

2 

Jean  Jaque  Florinoir, 

4 

Antoine  Benin, 

5 

Roberd  Craghad, 

I 

Daniel  Pero, 

4 

Samuel  Wever, 

I 

Pierre  Martain, 

6 

Jean  Harris, 

4 

Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 

2 

Estiene  Chastain, 

6 

Pierre  Dep, 

2 

Jean  Bottler, 

3 

Estiene  Farsi, 

2 

Jaque  Gase, 

I 

Matthieu  Age, 

3 

Cp.  Holmen, 

I 

Richar  Dudleey, 

I 

Binjamen  Haris, 

2 

Joseph  Bingly, 

3 

Thomas  Dikins, 

I 

Jaque  Brian, 

2 

Willeam  Ashfild, 

I 

David  Lesueur, 

I 

Charles  Peen, 

2 

Andre  Amonnet, 

I 

The  Widow  Martain, 

2 

Guilieaume  Salle, 

4 

Jean  Moriset 

I 

Estiene  Panetie, 

I 

Isaac  Robinson, 

2 

Francoise  Soulie, 

4 

Edward  Brayer, 

I 

Jaque  Faure, 

2 

Elie  Sasain, 

I 

Jean  Bonduran, 

I 

Jonathan. 

I 

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182  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


The  Widow  Bonduran, 

3 

Jean  Willeamson, 

I 

Thomas  Bradli, 

I 

Jacob  Trabu, 

3 

Jean  Bernar, 

I 

Jaque  Hood, 

I 

Pierre  Salle, 

2 

Jaque  Martain, 

4 

Rober  Davidson, 

I 

The  Widow  Dupre, 

I 

Jaque  Robinson, 

2 

Moyse  Forqueran, 

I 

Pierre  Faure, 

3 

Richard  Dine. 

2 

Jean  Carner, 

I 

Jaque  Lester, 

I 

Pierre  Soblet, 

I 

Jean  Levilain, 

I 

Antoine  Trabue, 

I 

Charle  Amonnet, 

I 

— 

The  Widow  Salle, 

I 

88 

Thomas  Richison, 
John  Thomas, 

2 

1/8 

April  7,  1739.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Guillieaume 
Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Estiene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure,  Es- 
tiene  Malet,  David  Lesueur,  Rene  Qiastain,  Andre  Amonnet, 
Jeane  Pierre  Bilbo.  The  vestry  gave  full  power  to  the  church 
wardens  to  prosecute  Pierre  Martain  for  the  money  which 
Mr.  Rapine  was  owing  to  the  parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

August  20,  1739.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Guil- 
lieaume Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  David  Lesueur,  Pierre  Gue- 
rant,  Andre  Amonnet,  Estiene  Malet,  Jean  Bernar,  Jean  Jaque 
Bilbo.  The  vestry  appointed  Charle  Peen  and  Edward  Bryer 
to  procession  the  land  from  the  line  of  Jacob  Trabu  to  the  line 
of  Charle  Peene ;  Jacob  Trabu  and  Richard  Deen  from  Jacob 
Trabu  to  the  creek  below ;  and  Pr.  Louys  Soblet  and  Thomas 
Porter  from  the  creek  below  to  the  creek  above,  the  old  line 
of  the  ten  thousand  acres;  and  Edward  Kamton  and  Estiene 
Farsi  from  the  first  line  along  the  branch  to  Mr.  Dutoy  on 
both  sides ;  and  above  the  creek  Pierre  Martain  and  Jean  Har- 
ris. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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VESTRY   BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  183 

The  same  day  Jean  Bemar  and  Andre  Amonnet  took  the 
oath  of  church  wardens  in  the  accustomed  manner. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Guilieaume  Salle  and  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  ren- 
dered their  account  for  the  year  1738  in  the  presence  of  the 
vestrymen  named  above.  The  parish  owes  them  three  bushels 
and  one-half  of  wheat. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  late  Mr.  Chastain"  left  by  will  to  the  poor  of  the  parish 
of  King  Willam  five  pounds,  of  which  the  church  wardens, 
Guilieaume  Salle  and  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  have  paid  out  three 
pounds,  one  shilling  and  sixpence. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Estiene  Malet  has  received  a  guinea  from  Mr.  Chastain; 
from  Antoine  Benin  and  from  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  one  pound 
eighteen  shillings,  which  was  due  the  parish ;  from  Jean  Pape- 
ham,  four  pounds,  six  shillings  and  one  penny ;  and  Rene  Chas- 
tain has  received  fourteen  shillings  from  David  Lesueur,  which 
was  due  the  parish. 

September  i,  1739.  The  vestry  assembled  at  the  close  of 
the  preaching.  Present:  Andre  Amonet,  Jean  Bernar,  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Guilliaume  Salle,  Pierre  Ffaure,  Jean  Pierre  Bil- 
bos, Estienne  Mallet,  Pierre  Guerrant,  Rane  Chastain,  David 
Le  Sueur,  Jean  Levilain.  We  agreed  with  the  Reverend  Mr. 
Gavin  to  preach  in  our  church  seventeen  sermons  for  one  year, 
including  four  in  French.  He  is  to  give  us  one  Sunday  notice 
before  coming  to  preach  to  us ;  but  in  case  he  fail  of  preach- 
ing the  day  appointed,  one  sermon  shall  be  subtracted  from 
the  seventeen  sermons  for  each  time  that  he  shall  fail.  For 
which  we  oblige  ourselves  to  pay  to  him  at  the  hands  of  Mon- 
sieur Andre  Amonnet  two  barrels  of  maize  and  two  bushels 

"Probably  Etienne  Chastain,  who  a]>pears  for  the  last  time  in  the 
tax-list  of  1737.  He  and  his  wife  were  among  those  who  arrived  in  the 
colony  in  the  first  ship-load  of  French  emigrants,  1701.  Cf.  Brock. 
p.  45.    His  wife  died  in  1725,  aged  52  or  53. 


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184  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

of  wheat  for  each  sermon  that  he  shall  preach  to  us,  and  tiie 
said  Monsieur  Gavin  binds  himself  to  preach  to  us  on  Sunday 
from  the  month  of  April  to  the  month  of  September.  The 
maize  above  is  to  be  paid  after  Christmas  Day. 

Ant.  Gavin,  Minister. 
•   .  Andre  Amonnet, 

,  Jean  Bernard. 

Stephen  Mallet," 

GuiLLAUME  Salle, 

Rane  Chastain, 

Pierre  Guerrant, 

Pierre  Faure, 

John  Dupuy, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbou, 

Jean  Leuilain. 

David  Le  Sueur. 

September  8,  1739.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  An- 
dre Amonnet,  Jean  Bernar,  Estiene  Mallet,  Guillieaume  Salle, 
Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Jean 
Levilain.  The  levy  for  the  present  year  is  one  bushel  of 
wheat  and  one  bushel  of  maize  per  tithable,  and  those  who 
shall  pay  eight  pence  in  silver  shall  be  quit  of  half  a  bushel 
of  wheat.  The  eight  pence  in  money  arc  for  the  suit  at  Wil- 
liamsburg between  Thomas  Dikins  and  the  parish,  and  for  the 
moulding.^^ 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  it  was  agreed  to  give  Jean  Chastain  six 
pounds,  the  grain  to  be  accepted  as  in  the  first  contract. 

Jean  Chastain. 

November  17,  1739.    The  vestry  assembled.     Present:  An- 

i^The  signatures  are  personal. 

^^pour  le  prosse  de  williambourg  entre  Thomas  Dikins  et  la  paroisse 
et  pour  le  godron.  The  above  translation  is  simply  a  guess.  Godron 
has  a  number  of  uses,  signifying,  in  the  main,  boss-work  or  a  fluted 
decoration. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING   WFLLIAM   PARISH.  185 

dre  Amonnet,  Jean  Bernar,  David  Lesueur,  GuilHeaume  Salle, 
Jean  Jacque  Dupuy,  Estiene  Malet,  Jean  Levilain,  Rene  Chas- 
tain,  Pierre  Gueran.  The  vestry  received  the  moulding,  which 
Guileaume  Salle  bought  in  order  to  decorate"  the  church, 
amounting  to  twelve  shillings  in  money. 

The  exj^mses  of  Elstiene  Malet  and  Rene  Chastain,  on  ac- 
count of  the  suit  of  Dikins,  amount  to  seven  pounds  and  one 
penny,  for  which  we  have  made  the  levy  of  one  bushel  of  wheat 
and  a  bushel  of  maize,  likewise  in  order  to  defray  the  ex- 
penses of  the  parish ;  and  those  who  shall  pay  the  eight  pence 
in  silver  shall  be  quit  of  a  half-bushel  of  wheat,  according  to 
the  levy  made  Sept.  8,  1739. 

March  i,  1739  |  40.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  An- 
dre Amonnet,  Jean  Bernard,  Pierre  Faure,  David  Lesueur," 
Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  GuilHeaume  Salle,  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean 
Pierre  Bilbo,  Rene  Chastain.  The  vestry  gives  full  power  to 
the  church  wardens  to  prosecute  Pierre  Martain  for  the  to- 
bacco that  Mr.  Rapine  has  received  from  the  parish. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  vestry  gave  full  power  to  the  church 
warden  to  prosecute  Estiene  Panetie  for  the  levy  of  the  parish 
of  King  William,  for  not  being  listed  in  our  parish  above  men- 
tioned. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  it  was  decreed  by  a  plurality  of  votes  to  reit 
the  ferry  for  a  year. 

Jean  Chastain. 

March  8,  1740.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Andre 
Amonnet,  Jean  Bernard,  David  Lesueur,  GuilHeaume  Salle, 
Rene  Chastain,  Estiene  Mallet,  Pierre  Gueran.  The  church 
wardens  rented  the  ferry  for  a  year  for  five  pounds  and  one- 
half,  payable  in  wheat  and  maize,  viz.:  half  in  wheat  and  half 

^•le  godron    .    .    .    pour  godroner  leglise. 


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186  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

in  maize,  the  wheat  at  three  shillings  and  the  maize  at  eighteen 
pence.     The  grain  is  to  be  fetched  from  the  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 

October  6,  1740.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Andre 
Amonnet,  Jean  Bernar,  David  Lesueur,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 
Pierre  Gueran,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Jean  Pierre  Billiebo,  Jean 
Levilain.  David  Lesueur  and  Jean  Chastain  were  elected 
church  wardens  by  a  plurality  of  votees  for  the  present  year. 

Jean  Chastatn. 

The  same  day  an  agreement  was  made  with  the  Reverend 
Mr.  Gavain  to  give  him  twelve  bushels  and  one-half  of  maize 
per  sermon  and  a  bushel  of  wheat,  to  preach  ten  times  per 
year,  the  wheat  and  the  maize  to  be  fetched  from  the  church 
wardens.     Four  sermons  in  French. 

Ant.  Gavin. 

And  he  promises  to  preach  Sundays  from  April  i  to  Septem- 
ber I. 

Ant.  Gavin/* 

David  Le  Sueur,      )    ^,       ,   ,,.     , 
Jean  Chastain.       }   ^Intrch  Wardens. 

Pierre  Guerrant. 
Jean  Vilen, 
Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 
Guillaume  Salle, 
Andre  Amonnet. 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbout. 

November  12,  1740.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present: 
David  Lesueur,  Jean  Chastain,  Andrew  Amonnet,  Jean  Ber- 
nar, Guillieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Rene  Chastain,  Jean 
Pierre  Bilbo.  Andre  Amonnet  and  Jean  Bernar  rendered 
their  account,  and  they  owe  the  parish  one  pound,  thirteen 
shillings,  sixpence,  and  two  bushels  and  a  half  of  maize. 

Jean  Chastain. 

i»The  signatures  are  personal. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM  PARISH.  187 

The  levy  for  the  present  yeai^  is  a  bushel  and  a  half  of  maize 
and  a  half-bushel  of  wheat  per  head,  in  order  to  defray  the 
expenses  of  the  parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

October  19,  1741.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Jean  Chastain,  Andre  Amonnet,  Rene  Chastain,  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Faure,  Guillieaume 
Salle,  Jean  Bernar.  Pierre  Gueran  and  Jean  Villain  were 
elected  by  a  plurality  of  votes  church  wardens. 

October  23,  1741.  The  said  Sieurs  Pierre  Gueran  and  Jean 
Levilain  took  the  oath  and  the  test  according  to  the  usage  of 
the  Anglican  church.  Present:  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Levilain, 
David  Lesueur,  Jean  J.  Dupuy,  Rene  Chastain,  Pierre  Faure, 
Pierre  Bilbo,  Jean  Bernar,  Pierre  Faure,  Andre  Amonnet. 

Jean  Chastain. 

I  have  pledged  myself  to  the  French  vestry  to  preach  17 
sermons,  four  in  French ;  and  if  I  fail  any  time,  I  will  make 
good  after  my  year  is  finished,  so  that  my  year  shall  be  com- 
pleted when  I  shall  have  preached  the  17  sermons.  October 
23,  1741.     According  to  my  contract  made  the  past  year. 

Witnesses:  »  Ant.  Gavin. 

Jean  Vilen,"*  1    /-u      u  ixr    j 

•      Pierre  Guerrant,   }    Church  Wardens. 

David  Le  Sueur, 

Jean  Chastain, 

Rene  Chastain, 

Andre  Amonnet, 

Jean  Bernar, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 

Pierre  Faure, 

Jean  J.  Dupuy, 

The  same  day  David  Lesueur  and  Jean  Chastain  rendered 

*>The  signatures  are  personal. 


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188  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

their  account.  They  remain  owing  forty-five  bushels  of  maize 
and  a  peck  and  a  half-bushel  of  wheat,  for  which  we  have 
given  our  note. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  levy  for  the  present  year  is  one  bushel  of  maize  and  a 

half-bushel  of  wheat  per  head. 

Jean  Chastain," 
John  James  Dupuy. 
Pierre  Guerrant, 

]  Jean  Vilen, 

Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Bernar, 
David  Le  Sueur, 
Rane  Chastain, 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 
Pierre  Faure, 

July  lo,  1742.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Pierre 
Guerrant,  Jean  Levilain,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuis,  Andre  Amonnet, 
Guilliaume  Salle»  Estienne  Mallet,  Rane  Chastain  and  David 
Lesueur.  Estienne  Mallet  and  Rane  Chastain  rendered  accomit 
for  the  suit  against  Thos.  Dickins,  and  they  are  quit  by  the 
payment  of  nine  shillings,  ninepence,  which  is  the  amount  re- 
maining due  Monsieur  Guilliaume  Salle,  of  which  the  said 
Salle  acknowledges  payment. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  vestry  decreed  that  Sieur  Andre  Amon- 
net sell  for  money,  the  tobacco  which  has  been  recovered  from 
Pierre  Martain,  amounting  to  520  pounds  of  tobacco,  and  that 
he  rendered  account  for  the  same  to  the  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 
Pierre  Guerrant,^* 

Jean  Vilain, 

Estienne  Mallet, 

2iThe  signatures  are  personal. 
22The  signatures  are  personal. 


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vestry  book  of  king  william  parish.  189 

Jean,  Jacques  Dupuy, 
Rane  Chastain, 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
Andre  Amonnet, 
David  Le  Sueur, 

October  30,  1742.  Pierre  Faure  asked  his  discharge,  and 
it  was  granted  to  him,  in  the  presence  of  the  vestry  named 
below :  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Levilain,  David  Lesueur,  Estiene 
Malet,  Andre  Amonnet,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Jean  Bemar,  Rene 
Chastain,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Daniel  Pero  took  the  oath  of  vestryman  for 
the  parish  of  King  William  in  the  presence  of  the  vestrymen 
named  above. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Mallet  and  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  took  the 
oath  of  church  wardens  for  the  present  year. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day.  The  levy  for  the  parish  of  King  William  is 
a  bushel  of  maize  and  a  half-bushel  of  wheat  per  tithable.  In 
the  presence  of  the  vestrymen  named  above. 


Stephen  Mallet,  *■ 
Jean   Pierr  Bilbo, 
Rane  Chastain, 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
David  Le  Sueur, 
Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Jacques  Dupuy, 
Pierre  Guerrant, 
Jean  Vilain, 
Daniel  Pero. 
Jean  J.  Dupuy. 


Jean  Chastain. 


•The  signatures  are  personal. 


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190  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

April  i6,  1743.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Estiene 
Mallet,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  David  Lesueur,  Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Jaque  Dupui,  Guillieaume  Salle,  Jean  Levilain,  Rene 
Chastain.  The  vestry  deputed  Estiene  Mallet  and  Guillieaume 
Salle  to  go  to  speak  with  the  Governor  in  order  (to  urge 
him)  to  maintain  the  parish. 

Jean  Chastain. 

September  12,  1743.  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  and  Guilleaume 
Salle  were  installed  as  church  wardens.  Present:  Estiene 
Mallet,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Andre  Amonnet,  Daniel  Pero, 
Jean  Vilain,  David  Lesueur,  Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Malet  and  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  rendered 
their  account  for  the  year  1742.  Estiene  Mallet  is  qiiit  of  all 
and  there  is  owing  to  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo  8  shillings. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day,  Andre  Amonet  and  Jean  Bernar  are  quit 
of  all. 

Jean  Chastain. 

January  7,  1743  |  4.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Guil- 
ieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonnet,  Pierre 
Gueran,  Rene  Chastain,  David  Lesueur,  Jean  Vilain,  Daniel 
Pero,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo.  The  vestry  agreed  with  the  Rever- 
end Mr.  Gavain  to  preach  twelve  sermons  for  the  present  year, 
two  of  which  have  been  preached,  at  twenty  shillings  per  ser- 
mon; that  is,  he  shall  preach  twelve  sermons  from  December 
17  passed  to  December  17  next,  1744.  And  the  vestrymen 
bind  themselves  to  pay  him  the  twenty  shillings  according  as 
they  and  Gavin  shall  agree  together,  and  Gavin  binds  him- 
self to  preach  Sundays  from  April  to  September. 

Ant.  Gavin,  Minister,^* 
GuiLLAUMK  Sallp:. 

[N.  B.  Though  it  was  expected  that  the  King  William  vestry  book 
would  be  concluded  in  this  number  of  this  Magazinej;  but  it  has  been 
found  impossible  to  do  so.  The  concluding  portion  will  be  printed  in 
January.] 

(to  be  continued) 


2*Signatures    personal. 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS  IN   ENGLAND.  191 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


G>ininunicated  by  Mr.  Lothrop  Withington,  30  Little  Russell  street, 
W.  C,  London  (including  "Gleanings"  by  Mr.  H.  F.  Waters, 
not  before  printed.) 
(continued) 
Theodore  Gultston^  of  St.  Martyn  Ludgate  Hill     Doctor 
of    Medicine.     Will    April   26    1632;   Proved    i    June    1632. 
To  my  father    William  Gultston    and  my  mother    Elizabeth 
his  wife,  i20  each.     To  my  sister    Elizabeth  Allen    widow. 
£20.     To  hiis  wife  Ellen's  two  sisters.  i20  each.     To  my  sis- 
ter   Dorothy  Hill    £10.     To  my  brother    Nathaniel  Gulstori, 

£20.     To  my   sister,    Martha,    £10.     To    Whitworth, 

grocer.  Old  Bayley,  £10.  For  a  lecture  of  Physicke,  Col- 
lege of  Physicians,  London,  £20  yearly.  To  be  distributed 
amongst  my  kindred,  £500.  To  my  cosin  Ellis  Sotherton, 
£20,  his  wife.  Rachel,  20s  each  to  buy  rings.  To  my  sis- 
ter     Stubbes,  £5.     To  Stephen  Barkham,  £20.     To 

Abraham  Allen,  my  sister's  son,  £10.  To  John  Toomes  Apo- 
thecary, £10.  To  my  friends  Drs.  Yonge,  Gettaker,  Na- 
thaniel Sute,  Mr,  Foxley,  Ministers,  £3  each.  To  Samp- 
son Kerrill,  son  of  William  Kerrill,  deceased,  £5.  To  Eliza- 
beth Ayres,  my  maid  servant,  £5.  To  the  parson,  curate  an. I 
lecturer  of  St.  Martyns,  £5  each.  To  the  parson  for  a  fu- 
neral sermon,  £4.  To  the  poor  of  Said  Parish,  £20.  Lease  I 
hold  or  Deane  and  Chapter  of  St.  Paul's  to  the  6  younger*  sons 
&  daughters  of  my  Brother  John,  after  my  wife's  death.  Exe- 
cutrix wife  Ellen.  Overseers:  Ellis  Sotherton  and  Stephen 
Basleham.  To  my  wife  Ellen,  my  rectory  of  Bardwell,  Suf- 
folk ;  after  her  decease  to  my  nephew  Richard  Gurton.  Lands 
in  Warwickshire,  one-fifth  to  my  godson,  Theodor  Gurton, 
the  remainder  to  my  brother  John's  children.  Witnesses: 
Jenkyn  Griffith,  Thomas  Ilodgkin,  To  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 

£20. 

Audley,  64. 

[Dr.  Theodore  Gulston  was  a   celebrated   London   physician,  and  a 


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192  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

prominent  member  of  the  Virginia  Company.  He  was  bom  in  1572, 
studied  at  Merton  College,  Oxford,  where  he  took  his  doctor's  degree, 
April  30,  1610,  was  fellow  (Dec.  29,  161  ij  and  Censor  of  the  College  of 
Physicians,  and  practised  with  great  success .  in  London.  In  1616  he 
frequently  entertained  Sir  Thomas  Dale  and  Uttomakin,  Powhatan's 
counsellor,  who  had  been  sent  to  England.  On  June  14, 1619,  Dr.  Gulston 
was  appointed  on  the  committee  of  the  Virginia  Company  in  regard  to 
the  college.  On  Dec.  15,  1619,  he  bought  ten  shares  of  land  in  Vir- 
ginia from  various  persons.  He  was  made  one  of  the  King's  Council 
for  the  Company  in  England,  on  July  8,  1620,  and  in  July  1621,  he  re- 
commended Dr.  Pott  for  appointment  as  physician-general  of  Virginia. 
Dr.  Gulston  was  distinguished  as  a  Greek  and  Latin  scholar,  and  trans- 
lated several  works  from  Greek  into  Latin.  He  married  Helen,  daugh- 
ter of  George  Sotherton.  a  merchant-tailor  and  M.  P.  of  London,  and 
died  May  4,  1623.    See  Brown's  Genesis  and  First  Republic.  ] 

William  Parke.  Will  13  November  1633;  proved  18 
August  1634.  To  my  youngest  son  Daniel  Parke,  £100.  To 
my  wife  Sarah  Parke,  £150.  If  my  wife  marry  again,  her 
husband  give  security  on  behalf  of  my  eldest  son  William  to 
Francis  Columbell  of  London  and  Nathaniel  Fulden  of  Lon- 
don. To  James  Stone  of  London,  Merchant,  50s.  To 
Daniel  Bourche,  Purser  of  the  good  ship  Blessinge,  25s. 
To  Adam  Thorowgood  of  Virginia,  gent.,  50s  worth  of 
commodities.  Executor :  my  son  William  Parke.  Witnesses : 
James  Stone,  Thomas  Rey,  John  Felgate,  Daniell  Boulcher. 

Seager,  75. 

[Neither  the  will  nor  the  probate  act  gives  the  residence  of  the  testa- 
tor, though  the  latter  states  that  he  died  beyond  seas.  There  is  good 
reasoh  to  believe  that  he  died  in  Virginia,  and  that  he  was  the  father 
of  Daniel  Parke,  the  elder,  ot  that  colony,  whose  will  will  appear  later 
in  this  series.  That  the  family  of  William  Parke  was  in  Virginia  is  shown 
by  the  fact  that  many  years  after  his  death,  the  land  due  for  the  emigra- 
tion of  members  of  his  family  to  the  Colony  was  taken  up.  Under  a 
patent,  dated  1655,  for  land  in  York  County,  appear  the  names  of  Wil- 
liam Parke,  Mrs.  Sarah  Parke,  and  William  Parke,  Jr.,  as  head-rights. 
William  Parke  was  witness  to  a  deed  in  York  County,  in  1652,  to  Dan- 
iel Parke.  Daniel  Parke,  Sr.,  was  bom,  according  to  a  deposition 
about  1628. 

The  epitaph  of  Daniel  Parke,  Sr.,  and  the  will  of  his  son,  Daniel 
Parke,  Jr.,  state  that  the  family  was  of  Essex,  England.  Morant*s  Es- 
sex II,  309,  gives  an  account  of  a  family  of  Parke,  resident  in  that  coun- 
ty, from  the  time  of  Edward  III,  to  that  of  Charles  I,  and  the  Visitation 


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VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN   ENGLAND.  193 

of  Essex  1634  {Harleian  Society)  has  a  pedigk-ee  of  four  generations  of 
the  lamily;  but  though  the  name  William  appears  he  does  not  seem  to 
be  identical  with  the  testator  above.  ] 

John  Thompson  of  Surrey  County,  James  River,  Virginia. 
Will  27  January  1698/99;  proved  16  March  1698/99.  To  my 
sister  Katherine  Paine,  wife  of  Robert  Paine,  £50.  To  my 
sister  Elizabeth  Catlet,  wife  of  William  Catlet,  £50.  To  my 
Brother  William  Thompson,  iioo  when  21.  To  my  Brother 
Samuel  Thompson,  all  rt\^  lands.  Slaves,  etc.,  failing  him  to 
my  Brother  William.  To  my  friends  Thomas  Haistwell, 
Coll.  Harry  Hartwell,  Major  Arthur  Allen,  and  Captain 
Francis  Clements,  a  Ring  to  each  of  them.  All  the  rest  to 
my  Brother  Samuel  Thompson.  Executor:  Samuel  Thomp- 
son. Executors  in  triist:  Thomas  Haistwell  and  Coll.  Henry 
Hartwell.  Witnesses:  John  Burgis,  Anne  Bradley,  Wm.  Sto- 
rey, Notary. 

Pett,  50. 

[The  first  of  the  testators  family  of  whom  anything  is  known,  was 
Rev.  William  Thomson,  or  Thompson,  who  became  minister  of  South- 
wark  Parish,  Surry  county,  Virginia,  in  or  shortly  before  1662.  It  is 
possible  that  he  was  a  son  of  Rev.  William  Thompson,  one  of  the  three 
pastors  who  were  sent  about  1642  or  1643  from  New  England  to  minis- 
ter to  the  Virginia  dissenters;  but  who  soon  returned  home  and  died  at 
Braintree.  Mass.,  Dec.  10,  1666,  aged  68.  There  was  (a  high  authority 
states),  a  William  Thompson,  of  New  London,  who  is  believed  to  have 
been  a  son  of  the  New  England  minister.  Rev.  William  Thompson,  of 
Surry  county,  Va.,  bought  property  in  New  London. 

On  August  J 6,  1675  the  County  Court  of  Surry  put  on  record  that 
**On  ye  parte  of  Mr.  William  Thompson  now  after  13  years  experience, 
wee  report  him  an  Orthodox  faithfuU  &  painfull  minist'rof  a  quiett,  so- 
ber &  Exemplary  Life  &  Conversation  becoming  his  function  unre- 
proachable."  On  August  r,  1661,  William  Thompson,  of  Surry  coun- 
ty, minister  God's  word,  gave  a  general  power  of  attorney  to  George 
Jordan.  There  is  a  deed,  dated  November  i,  1673,  from  William  Thomp- 
son. Clerk,  and  Katherine,  his  wife.  In  or  before  1690  he  became 
minister  of  Washington  parish,  Westmoreland  county.  There  is  record- 
ed in  Surry  a  deed  dated  August  4.  1690  from  William  Thompson,  of 
Wcstm»>reland  county,  for  150  acres,  and  appointing  his  sons,  Samue' 
and  John  Thompson,  of  Surry,  his  attorneys.  Also,  in  Surry,  another 
deed,  dated  Dec.  2,  1690,  from  William  Thompson,  Clerk,  of  Westmore- 
land county,  conveying  to Bagge,    150  acres  in  Surry,  which  had 

6 


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194  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

been  granted  to  said  Thompson,  April  20,  1684.  Katherine,  wife  of 
William  Thompson,  Clerk,  of  the  parish  of  Washington,  Westmore- 
land, joins  in  a  deed,  April  19,  1690.  These  items  enable  us  to  fill  gaps 
in  the  lists  of  ministers  of  Southwark  and  Washington.  Mr.  Thomp- 
son is  not  mentioned  in  Meade's  Old  Churches. 

Rev.  William  Thompson  and  Katherine,  his  wife,  had  issue  :  (1 ) 
John,  (2.)  Samuel,  (3,)  William.  (4. )  Katherine  married  Robert  Payne,  (5,) 
Elizabeth,  married  William  or  Robert  Catlett. 

John  Thompson,  the  testator  above,  was  born,  according  to  a  deposi- 
tion, about  1661.  He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  for  Surry, 
at  the  Sessions  of  March  1692-3,  April  1695,  April  1696  and  September  1696. 
He  married  Elizabeth,  widow,  first  of  John  Salway,  of  Surry,  (whose 
will  dated  April  10,  1678,  left  her  his  whole  estate  with  reversion  to  his 
next  of  kin  in  England, )  and  second,  of  Joseph  Maiden  of  Surry.  Surry 
Records. 

There  are  two  wills  of  John  Thompson  in  record  of  Surry.  The  ear- 
liest was  dated  August  2nd,  1698,  and  proved  Nov.  7,  1699.  He  gave 
his  brother  Samuel  Thompson  ^^50  sterling,  and  brother  William 
Thompson  ^"50  sterling.  To  wife  the  labor  of  his  slaves  during  her 
life — after  her  death  they  go  to  his  brothers.  If  brother  Samuel  should 
desire  to  return  and  live  in  Surry,  he  was  to  have  the  plantation  called 
Gilberts,  on  condition  that  he  paid  testator's  executrix  20  shillings  per 
annum  during  her  life.  To  his  two  brothers  and  Mr.  Robert  Paine  and  Mr. 
Robert  [jjV]  Catlett  25  shillings  each  for  a  rinj.  To  wife,  all  estate 
given  her  by  the  will  of  Mr.  John  Salway.  Remainder  of  estate  to  wife, 
Elizabeth,  and  she  appointed  executrix. 

It  is  evident  that  soon  after  the  date  of  the  will  just  given,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Thompson  died,  and  that  her  husband  went  at  once  to  England. 
The  will  which  is  given  in  the  text  was  proved  and  recorded  in  Sur- 
ry, May  14,  1702.  It  begins  :  "I,  John  Thomson,  of  James  River,  in 
Virginia,  merchant,  at  present  in  London,  very  sick." 

Samuel  Thbmpson,  another  son  of  Rev.  William  Thompson,  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Surry,  at  the  sessions  of 
August  1701,  May  1702,  June  1702,  August  I7i5and  April  1718  .In  March, 
1682,  Mr.  Samuel  Tliompson  had  married  Mary,  daughter  and  heire.ss 
of  Major  William  Marriott,  of  Surry.  {Surry  Records.)  The  will  of 
Samuel  Tliompson  was  dated  Sept.  20,  1720,  and  proved  in  Surry  May 
17,  1 72 1.  Legatees:  brother  William  Thompson,  nephew  Samuel 
Thompson,  cousins, [nephew,]  William  Moseley,  cousin  Samuel  Thomp- 
son, cousins  Katherine,  VVilliam  and  John  Thompson,  William  and 
Mary  Moseley — to  William  Marriott,  *'my  seal  ring,  that  was  my  wife's 
father's  ring,"  cousin  Robert  Payne,  wife  Mary,  and  brother  William 
Thompson,  executors. 

William  Thompson,  the  third  son  vnamed  above)  of  Rev.  William 
Thompson,  was  born  according  to  a  deposition  about  1662.  He  died 
in  1 73 1  or  1732,  and  by  will  recorded  in  Surry  bequeathed  his  property 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  195 

to  his  children,  Samuel,  John,  Katharine  and   Hannah,  and  grand-chil- 
dren, Samuel  and  Mary.] 

Robert  Throckmorton,  of  Paxton  Parva,  County  Hunt- 
ingdon.    Will  I  March  1698/99;  proved  3  May,  1699. 

Pett,  83. 

[Robert  Throckmorton  was  a  son  of  John  Throckmorton,  formerly  of 
Ellington,  Huntingdonshire,  England,  and  afterwards  of  Virginia.  Rob- 
bert,  the  testator,  was  bon)  in  Virginia,  in  1662  ;  but  returned  to  Eng- 
land and  died  at  Paxton  Parva,  Hunts.,  March  9,  1698-9.  A  picture  of 
his  tomb  in  the  church  there,  and  a  copy  of  the  inscription  are  given  in 
the  number  of  this  Magazine,  cited  above.  The  Virginia  Throckmor- 
tons  descended  from  his  brothers,  Albion  and  Gabriel,  who  remained 
in  the  Colony.  For  Throckmorton  genealogy,  documents,  Ac,  see 
Wiiiiam  <3f  Mary  Qufirterty  II,  241  ;  III,  46,142,240,280;  IV,  128,  202  ; 
V,  54  and  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography  V,  Nos.  4,  and 
VIl,  numbers  1  and  3.  Mr.  C.  Wickliffe  Throckmorton  of  503  5th  Avenue, 
New  York  City,  is  preparing  an  elaborate  history  of  the  Thockmortons 
of  England  and  America.] 

[Abstracts  of  this  will  are  printed  in  Virginia  Magazine  of 
History  and  Biography,  VIIT,  85,  86,  and  Wm.  &  Maty 
Quarterly,  III,  48.] 

Peter  Efford.  Will  24  August  1665;  proved  2  October 
1665.  To  my  daughter  and  son  Nicholas  Efford,  all  my  real 
and  personal  estate  here,  or  in  the  plantation  of  Virginia.  To 
them  all  my  tobiacco  in  custody  of  Mr.  John  Curell  of  Ab- 
church  Lane  and  Mr.  Jonathan  Smith  in  Bow  I^ane.  To  my 
son  Nicholas,  and  Sarah  my  daughter,  £100,  equally  between 
them;  if  they  die,  to  my  kinsman  Mr.  Tirrell,  Prebend  of 
Winsor.  John  Weldon,  minister  of  Newington,  and  Albertus 
Skinner,  gent.,  executors,  to  give  me  as  decent  a  burial  as  my 
distemper  will  permit.  Witnesses :  William  Cocke,  Joane  V.a- 
ker,  Joane  Wooding. 

Hyde,  113. 

[Peter  Efford  resided  in  York  county,  Va.,  where  his  will  was  proved 
Oct.  and,  1666.  On  Feb.  10,  1660  "Mr  Peter  Efford"  had  a  grant  of  900 
acres  in  the  counties  of  James  City  and  York,  lying  between  Powhatan 
Swamp  [which  extends  to  James  River]  and  Queen's  Creek  [running 
into  York  River,]  adioining  the  land  of  Bradshaw,  Vardy,  "Mr.  Kemp, 
Esq."  and  Richard  Ford— 400  acres  of  said  land  bought  by  Efford  from 


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196  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

John  Barker,  the  assignee  of  John  Bromfield,  the  assignee  of  Captain 
John  Shepard,  and  Lucy,  his  wife,  the  assignees  of  Captain  David  Maun- 
sell,  under  whose  name  and  that  of  Lucy  Webster,  the  original  patent 
of  looo  acres,  was  granted  January  9,  1640,  and  re-granted  to  the  said 
Shepard,  March  20,  1650,  and  the  other  500  acres  due  said  Efford  for 
the  transportation  of  10  persons  into  the  Colony. 

Sarah  Efford,  his  only  surviving  child,  married  Samuel  Weldon,  J.  P. 
for  James  City  county,  who  was  doubtless  a  son  or  brother  of  Rev.  John 
Weldon  mentioned  in  the  will.  In  1692-3  Mrs.  Sarah  Weldon  *'widow 
of  Major  Samuel  Weldon,"  brought  an  action  of  ejectment  by  Poynes 
Weldon,  her  attorney.  Her  husband.  Major  Samuel  Weldon,  of  Lon- 
don, came  to  Virginia  in  1675  as  factor  for  Philip  Foster,  of  London, 
merchant,  and  settled  in  James  City  county.  The  family  of  Weldon 
was  long  a  resident  in  Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  Samuel  Weldon. 
of  James  City  county,  married  in  1725,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Daniel 
Allen,  and  widow  of  Robert  Cobbs,  of  York  county.  He  removed  to 
Chesterfield  county,  and  his  will  names  his  children  (under  age.)  Dan- 
iel. Benjamin,  (who  received' lands  in  Goochland,)  Samuel,  Elizabeth 
and  Priscilla,  son-in  law  Roderick  Easley,  wife's  daughters  Sarah 
Jones  and  Martha  Richardson,  and  her  grand-children,  Allen.  Willie  and 
Charlotte  Jones,  (Mrs.  Weldon  had  by  her  marriage  with  Robert  Cobbs, 
two  daughters,  Sarah,  who  married  Robert  Jones.  Jr.,  of  Sussex  coun- 
ty, Va.,  who  emigrated  to  North  Carolina,  and  was  Attorney  General 
of  that  colony,  and  Martha,  who  married  Dudley  Richardson.  Mrs. 
Jones  was  the  mother  of  the  distinguished  Allen  and  Willie  Jones.) 

Benjamin  Weldon,  of  Southampton  county,  Va.,  in  his  will  dated 
August  5,  1755,  and  proved  Feb.  9,  1756,  names  his  brothers  Daniel  and 
Samuel  Weldon,  sisters  Elizabeth  and  Priscilla,  and  cousins  Allen,  Wil- 
lie and  Martha  Jones,  and  appoints  Robert  Jones  and  Gray  Briggs,  ex- 
ecutors. 

In  1749  Daniel  Weldon  was  one  of  the  North  Carolina  Commissioners 
to  run  the  boundary  line  with  Virginia,  and  Samuel  Weldon,  was  mem- 
ber of  the  North  Carolina  Convention  of  1776.  The  city  of  Weldon,  N. 
C.  is  named  after  the  family.     (See  IPi/iiam  &  Mary  Quarterly  II,  lai.) 

Efford  was  a  family  name  in  theChannell  Islands— Guernsey  and  Jer- 
sey.    See  Foster's  Alumni  Oxonienses.'\ 

William  Guy,  Citizen  and  Haberdasher  of  London.  Will 
14  November  1665;  proved  29  November,  1665.  To  be  bur- 
ied in  the  parish  churchyard  of  St.  Mildred,  Breadstreete, 
London.  To  my  brother,  Robert  Guy,  40s.  to  buy  him  a 
rin^,  and  £6.  To  my  said  brother  Robert's  eldest  daughter 
by  his  first  wife,  £50.  To  my  said  Brother's  son  William  Gu3% 
£50,  and  to  his  son  John  Guy,  £50.  To  my  sister  Sarah  Tarl- 
ton,  £100.     To  my  daughter  in  law    Elizabeth  Nowell,  £20. 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  197 

To  Joseph  Drewe,  my  accompt  and  £20.  To  my  friend  Roger 
Martin,  £$.  To  my  friend  John  Martin  the  elder,  £5.  To 
my  kinswoman  Abigail  How,  £5.  To  Elizabeth  Biscoe,  £5. 
To  my  sister  Ann  Fisher's  two  daughters,  Sarah  and  Martha 
Fisher,  £20  each.  To  my  friend  William  Browne,  Ribbon 
weaver  in  Shoreditch,  £5.  To  my  cousin  John  Gate,  at  pres- 
ent in  Virginia,  £40.  To  my  friend  William  Allen  of  Lon- 
don, Merchant,  and  Anthony  Field,  my  executors,  £20  each, 
and,  if  any  be  left,  £50  to  my  sister  Sarah  Tarlton.  the  rest 
amongst  the  children  of  brother  Robert  Guy  and  sister  Anne 
Fisher.  Witnesses:  Wm.  Blanchard,  John  Martin,  junior. 
Wilbeard  Watts,  Anne  Martin. 

Hyde,  140. 

Sparks  Martin  of  Withy  Bush  House,  County  Pem- 
broke. Esqr.  Will  12  September  1786:  proved  3  August 
1787.  All  my  manor  of  Pendergast,  with  all  Royalties.  Pro- 
fits, etc.,  from  lands  in  County  Pembroke.  Haverfordwest, 
County  Middlesex.  City  of  Bristol,  or  elsewhere  in  Great 
Britain,  to  my  sister  Elizabeth  Phelps  for  life,  subject  to 
charges  made  upon  certain  of  my  estates  through  the  will  of 
my  late  wife  Martha  Martin,  to  be  held  in  trust  by  Right 
Honble.  Richard  (Phillips)  Lord  Milford  of  Kingdom  of  Ire- 
land and  the  Right  Honble.  William  (Edwards)  Lord 
Kensington  of  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  to  preserve  to  her 
use  the  said  estates,  and  after  her,  to  her  son  Thomas 
Phelps,  and  his  eldest  son  in  succession,  failing 
him,  to  John  Phelps,  second  son  of  my  said  sister 
Elizabeth,  and  his  heirs,  failing  him,  to  my  brother  Henry 
Martin,  who  went  to  Virginia,  in  America,  many  years  ago, 
and  his  eldest  son  in  succession,  failing  him,  to  my  Brother 
John  Martin,  who  also  went  to  Virginia  many  years  ago. 
Whoever  inherits  to  take  the  arms  and  name  of  Martin.  To 
my  housekeeper  Mary  Probert,  £100  a  year  for  life.  To 
Elizabeth  Probert  her  sister,  £5  a  year  for  life.  To  Marth.a 
Jones,  £5  a  year  for  life.  Executrix:  Elizabeth  Phelps. 
Witnes.ses:  Thos.  Ormes,  junior,  Hannah  Wills,  Joseph  Wills, 
all  of  Charles  Square,  Hoxton. 

Major,  170. 


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198  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

[In  the  printed  Journal  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Delegates  covering 
the  period,  is  an  entry  of  a  petition  received  January  12,  1784,  from 
James,  Lord  Clifden,  and  Edmund  Perry,  Esq.,  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  Ireland,  in  behalf  of  certain  persons  interested  under  the 
will  of  Col.  John  Martin,  deceased,  in  a  certain  estate  which  was  escheat- 
ed, and  also  a  petition  of  George  Martin  to  the  same  effect.  The  peti- 
tions are  not  now  among  the  legislative  files  for  1784  in  the  Virginia 
State  archives,  and  it  is  probable  that  they  were  withdrawn  for  use  at  a 
later  session.  Unfortunately  there  are  no  printed  journals  accessible 
for  a  number  of  years  after,  so  that  it  is  impossible  to  learn  anything 
more  in  regard  to  the  petitions. 

James  Ager,  of  county  Kilkenny,  Ireland,  (created  Baron  Clifden  in  1776 
and  Viscount  in  1781),  married  March  20,  1760,  Lucia,  eldest  daughter  of 
John  Martin,  Esq.,  (she  died  July  26,  1802),  and  widow  of  Henry  Boyle, 
youngest  son  of  Henry,  first  Earl  of  Shannon  ;  and  Edmund  Sexton  Per- 
r\'  or  Pery  (1719-1806),  Speaker  of  the  Irish  House  of  Commons,  1771- 
1785,  and  created  Viscount  Pery  in  1785,  married  in  1756,  Patty  young- 
est daughter  of  John  Martin,  Esq.  What  was  the  relation  between  these 
ladies  and  Col.  John  Martin,  of  Virginia,  does  not  appear,  though  it  is 
evident  that  it  was  on  their  account  that  the  Virginia  Legislature  was  pe 
titioned.  As  Sparkes  Martin  made  two  Irishmen  his  trustees,  it  seems 
probable  that  his  brother,  John  Martin,  was  the  Col.  John  Martin,  of 
Virginia. 

Col.  Martin,  of  Virginia,  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Bu!*gesses 
or  Caroline  county,  at  the  sessions  of  November  1738  and  May  1740, 
and  for  King  William  county,  at  the  sessions  of  Feb.  1752,  Nov.  1753. 
Feb.  1754,  Aug.  1754,  On.  17.S4,  May  1755,  Aug.  1755,  Oct.  1755  and 
March  1756.     He  died  during  the  last  session. 

All  the  records  of  King  William  have  been  destroyed,  and  all  those 
of  Caroline  except  the  court  proceedings,  ("Order  books"),  but  from  the 
latter  a  few  notes  can  be  gleaned.  John  Martin  was  J.  P.  for  Caroline 
in  1732.  On  Nov.  10,  1738,  John  Martin,  Jr.,  qualified  as  an  attorney. 
On  Oct.  17,  1752  was  recorded  a  deed  from  John  and  George  Martin,  of 
the  city  of  Bristol,  merchants,  (by  John  Martin,  gent,  of  Virginia,  their 
attorney),  to  Thomas  Turner,  gent. 

In  the  Virginia  Gazette,  Jan.  27,  1750-51  (Cited  in  the  William  & 
Mary  Quarterly  XII,  741  is  an  advertisement  signed  by  John  and  Sam- 
uel Martin,  of  King  William  county,  announcing  the  proposed  sale  of 
the  house  and  land,  where  Col.  John  Martin  lately  lived  in  Caroline 
county,  containing  2700  acres,  and  in  the  same  paper  for  Dec.  8-15.  1738, 
is  advertised  a  reward  for  the  return  of  a  silver  pint  cup,  fluted  on  both 
sides,  which  had  been  stolen  from  Col.  John  Martin,  of  Caroline  county. 
It  had  engraved  on  it  his  coat  of  arms,  "a  chevron  between  three  half 
moons  " 

At  "Clifton,"  Caroline  county,  is  a  tomb  with  the  following  epitaph, 
{W.  and  M.  Q.,  XI,  146). 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN    ENGLAND.  199 

** Interred  beneath  this  Stone, 

lyes  the  Body  of  Mrs. 

Martha  Martin,  wife  of  Col. 

John  Martin,  of  Caroline 

County,  and  daughter  of 

Lewis  Burwell,  Esq.,  of  Gloss- 

ter  county,  who  departed  this 

life  the  27th  of  May  1738,  in 

the  36th  year  of  her  age  &  left 

three  sons  &  four  daughters." 

It  is  evident  that,  at  the  time  of  the  Revolution  some  or  all  of  Col. 
Martin's  sons  were  residents  of  Great  Britain,  or  were  Tories.  In  the 
Virginia  Council  Journal  1777-7S  is  an  order  in  regard  to  the  estates  in 
Goochland  counties,  of  heirs  of  Lewis  B.  (doubtless  Lewis  Burwell,)  and 
Samuel  Martin,  who  were  British  subjects.] 

John  Handford  of  Ludlowe,  County  Salop,  Esqre.  Will 
17  September  i66q;  proved  24  January  1669I70.  To  my 
son  John  Handford,  gent.,  my  manor  of  Shobden,  and  the 
avowson  of  said  Parish  in  County  Hereford.  All  my  estates 
in  Ledicott,  nether  Shobdon,  East  Hampton,  Ap  Hampton, 
Hill  Hampton  als  Newton  Byton.  and  Betgatt,  sold  by  one 
Barnecombc  Wissmore  by  indenture  inrolled  in  Chancery, 
dated  the  7  June.  1658,  or,  however.  I  doe  enjoy  the  same,  to 
his  heirs  male,  and  after,  to  the  females,  failing  his  issue,  to 
Tobias  Handford,  gent.,  now  living  in  Virginia,  one  of  the 
sons  of  Hugh  Handford,  late  of  London,  deceased,  and  then 
to  his  eldest  sons  in  succession,  and  for  want  of  such  issue, 
the  tithes  of  Shobdon  for  an  augumentation  to  the  minister, 
and  the  property  to  maintain  a  preaching  minister,  and  the 
rest,  in  case  my  said  son  and  the  said  Tobias  die  without  issue, 
to  Walter  Handford  of  Wollashall,  County  Worcester,  Gent., 
and  his  heirs  male  in  succession,  failing  him,  to  the  right 
heirs  of  me  the  said  John  Handford.  To  my  son  all  my 
bookes  of  Divinity,  History,  etc.,  except  those  my  wife  uses 
as  her  own.  To  the  minister  who  preaches  my  funeral  ser- 
mon. 40s.  To  Sir  Walter  Williams  of  Upton  Bishopp.  Coim- 
ty  Hereford,  Bart.,  Sir  John  Winford  of  Ashley,  County 
Worcester,  Knt.,  the  Lady  Winford.  his  wife  (my  wife's  sis- 
ter), and  to  Mrs.  Mary  Williams,  another  of  my  wife's  sisters, 
and  to  her  kinswoman    Mrs.  Eleanor  Williams,  £5  each.     To 


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200  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

every  servant  living  with  me  at  my  death,  40s  each.  All  the 
rest  not  bequeathed  I  give  to  my  wife.  Executors :  Sir  Wal- 
ter Williams,  Bart.,  Sir  John  Winford,  and  my  wife.  My 
son  to  be  left  at  school  till  he  can  enter  one  of  the  Honourable 
Societies  of  the  Inns  of  Court  to  study  Law.  To  the  poor 
of  Ludlow,  £3.  Witnesses:  Richard  Wright,  Jo.  Edwardesi 
Henry  Browne,  John  Browne. 

Penn,  6. 

[The  testator  evidently  belonged  to  a  family  seated  at  Wallashall,  in 
the  parish  of  Nafford,  Worcestershire,  but  which  had  representatives 
in  other  parts  of  England.  In  Nash's  IVorces^frshire,  II,  i8o-i82«  is  an 
account  of  the  family  at  Wallashall.  Thomas  Hanford  or  Handford 
(stated  to  be  descended  in  the  8th  generation  from  Sir  John  Hanford,  of 
Cheshire),  named  Margaret,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  William  Hig- 
ford.  of  Nafford,  and  had  issue  :  I,  Margaret,  married  Thomas  Copley, 
of  Norton :  2,  John  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Richard  Rake  :  3,  Cath- 
erine married Whittington,  of  Norgrave.    John  and  Anne  (Rake) 

Hanford  were  the  parents  of  Francis  Hanford,  (living  Ump.  Charles  I), 
who  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Walter  Gifford,  of  Chillington.  and 
was  the  father  of  Walter  Hanford,  who  married  Frances,  daughter  of 
Sir  Henry  Compton,  Knight  of  the  Bath.  Walter  and  Frances  (Comp- 
ton)  Hanford  had  issue  :  i,  Compton  who  married  ist — Chaumont  and 
had  no  issue,  and  2d— Slingsby  :  2.  Edward,  who  was  the  father  of 
Charles  Hanford,  of  Rid  Marley.  Compton  and  —  (Slingsby)  Hanford 
had  issue  :  i.  Edward  married  Elizabeth  Hurst,  of  Haverhill,  Essex  ; 
2,  Charles  :  3.  Elizabeth.  Edward  and  Elizabeth  (Hurst)  Hanford  had 
issue  :  i.  James  :  2.  Edward  :  3.  Charles :  4  Eleanor.  The  name  ap- 
pears to  have  been  spelt,  indifferently,  Hansford,  Hanford  or  Handford. 
Sir  Humphrey  Hansford  or  Handford,  of  London,  was  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  Virginia  Company,  and  John  Hansford,  of  London,  merchant 
tailor,  was  also  a  member.     See  Brown's  Genesis. 

Tobias  Hansford,  named  in  the  will,  lived  in  Gloucester  county,  Va. 
On  Jan.  8,  1666,  Tobias  //ans/ord  hstd  a  grant  of  324  acres,  in  Ware  Par- 
ish, Gloucester,  beginning  at  a  point  at  the  mouth  of  Deep  Creek,  in 
Mockjack  Bay,  and  running  down  the  bay  and  then  along  Christopher 
Robins's  land  to  the  mouth  of  Finches'  Creek.  On  the  same  date  "Mr. 
Tobias  Handford"  had  a  grant  of  324  acres  in  Gloucester,  on  the  East- 
ern side  of  Wolf  Creek,  beginning  at  the  mouth  thereof— a  marsh  divi  • 
ding  this  land  from  that  of  Col.  Augustine  Warner,  &c. — 150  acres,  part 
thereof,  was  granted  to  Col.  John  Walker,  Esq.,  by  patent  dated  March 
15,  i65i,and  174  acres,  the  remainder,  taken  up.  On  Oct.  24,  1673, 
Philip  Ludwell,  Tobias  Handford  and  Richard  Whitehead  renewed  a 
grant  of  20,000  acres  in  New  Kent  county,  on  the  southside  of  Mattapo- 
ny  river — due  for  the  importation  of  400  persons  into  the  Colony.] 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  201 

MoTTRAM  Wright  of  Milend,  St.  Dunstan's,  Stepney, 
County  Middlesex,  Merchant.  Will  8  October  1700;  proved 
10  October  1700.  To  my  daughter  Frances  Wright,  iioo 
and  700  acres  of  land  on  north  side  of  Rappahamack  Creeke, 
in  Virginia.  To  my  son  Mottrom  Wright,  i6oo  and  all  my 
lands,  etc.,  in  Virginia  (except  the  said  7000  acres),  and  6  ne- 
groes. To  my  cousin  John  Wright  of  Puttomack  River,  in 
\'irginia,  £$0  of  England.  To  each  and  every  other  of  my 
children  born  of  the  body  of  my  wife  Ruth  Wright,  20s. 
apiece  and  noe  more.  The  rest  and  residue  to  my  two  chil- 
dren Frances  and  Mottrom ;  if  they  die,  to  go  to  my  cousin 
John  Wright.  My  son  Mottrom  to  be  brought  up  in  the 
Church  of  England.  Executor:  Mottrom  Wright.  Over- 
seer: Captain  John  Pyrvis.  Witnesses:  J.  Sharpe,  A.  M., 
James  Berouth,  Hannah  Bradley,  Thomas  Quilter,  N.  P. 

Noel,  189. 

[The  testator  was  a  party  to  one  of  the  very  few  legal  separations  of 
husband  and  wife  which  appear  in  the  early  records  of  Virginia. 

The  family  of  Wright  was,  like  so,  many  others  in  Virginia,  of  Lon- 
don origin.  Richard  Wright,  of  London,  a  merchant  or  master  of  a 
ship  in  the  Virginia  trade,  is  recorded  as  carrying  tobacco  from  Virgin- 
ia to  Holland  in  1653.  This  is  of  record  in  Northumberland  county,  a 
contract,  dated  May  29,  1656,  between  Richard  Wright,  of  London — 
* 'being  homeward  bound,*'  to  transport  60  hogsheads  of  tobacco.  A 
little  later  Wright  settled  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  justice  of  Northumber- 
land in  1659.  He  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Col.  John  Mottram,  of  Nor- 
thumberland county,  Tshe  afterwards  married  David  Fox )  and  died  in 
1663.  His  will  is  preserved  in  a  much  mutilated  record  book  in  Nor- 
thumberland. He  gives  his  wife  Anne,  one  half  his  land  Machodoc  and 
Potomac  rivers— * 'that  is  the  half  that  joins  my  brother  Spencer  (Nicho- 
las Spencer,  Esq.,  of  Cople  parish,  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  and  for- 
merly of  Cople,  Bedfordshire,  England,  Governor  of  Virginia,  &c.,  who 
had  married  Frances,  daughter  of  Col.  John  Mottram),  with  reversion 
at  her  death  to  his  son  Francis  Wright.  To  wife  two  negroes  (named.) 
All  of  the  English  servants,  negroes,  not  otherwise  bequeathed,  and 
rest  of  personal  estate  in  Virginia  and  Maryland,  to  be  divided  into 
three  equal  parts,  of  which  wife  is  to  have  one  part  and  his  three  chil- 
dren the  other  two  parts.  To  son.  Mottram  Wright,  all  his  land  on  Elk 
Run,  Maryland.  To  my  ***  land  lying  ♦♦.—♦♦  Francis  **.—♦♦  for  dis- 
charging education  all  my  money  in  England  •*.  To  daughter  **  land 
in  the  freshes  of  Potomac.  To  my  brother***  land  at  ♦*.  To  my  broth- 
er Nicholas  Spencer,  and  sister  Mrs.  Frances  Spencer,  and  brother  John 


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202  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Mottram,  each  a  ring.  Brothers  Spencer  and  Mottram,  overseers.  Cou- 
sin Mathew  Merriton,  of  London,  merchant,  an  overseer  in  England, 
dated  Aug.  i6,and  proved  in  Northumberland,  Dec.  lo,  1663.  The  inven- 
tory of  the  personal  estate  of  Mr.  Richard  Wright  was  recorded  March 
10,  1663-4,  and  was  appraised  at  23,334  lbs.  tobacco. 

Before  March  12,  1684,  Mottram  Wright,  the  testator  above,  and  the 
son  of  Richard  Wright,  whdse  will  has  been  given,  married  Ruth,  daugh- 
ter of  Robert  Griggs,  a  well-to-do  planter  of  Northumberland  county, 
and  widow  of  John  Mottram,  Jr.,  who  was  uncle  to  Mottram  Wright. 
An  uncle's  widow  was  within  the  prohibited  degrees  of  affinity,  and  it 
seems  strange  that  such  a  marriage  should  have  been  solemnized  under 
English  jurisdiction,  but  such  the  records  show,  was  certainly  the  case. 
After  at  least  ten  years  of  marriage,  and  after  giving  birth  to  children, 
Mrs.  Wright  appears  to  have  become  horrified  at  the  sinfulness  of  her 
union,  and  secured  a  separation.  There  is  on  record  in  Lancaster  coun- 
ty, a  bond  dated  Oct.  12,  1694,  reciting  that  Mottram  Wright  married 
Ruth  Mottram,  widow  of  Major  John  Mottram,  who  was  the  said  Mot- 
tram Wright's  mother's  brother,  "which  marriage  was  incestious  and 
unlawful,"  and  had  been  the  occasion  of  the  said  Ruth's  departing  from 
her  husband  'choosing  rather  to  lead  her  life  in  banishment  from  her 
friends,  country  and  estate,  than  continue  any  longer  in  that  sinful  mar- 
riage," therefore  said  Mottram  Wright  agrees  that  said  Ruth  shall  live 
separately  and  apart,  and  to  pay  her  a  suitable  alimony,  and  that  the 
daughter  be  had  in  marriage  with  her  shall  be  put  to  school  where  he 
shall  think  fit.  There  is  on  record  in  Lancaster,  the  marriage  contract, 
dated  Dec.  11,  1701,  between  Robert  Gibson  and  Mrs.  Ruth  Wright, 
widow  of  Mottram  Wright. 

Of  course  such  a  marriage  as  that  between  Wright  and  Mrs.  Mottram 
would  now  be  legal. 

Mottram  Wright,  Ir.  died  without  issue,  and  most  of  his  father's  estate 
passed  to  the  daughter,  Frances,  who  married  Joseph  Belfield,  of  Rich- 
mond county.  Mottram  Wright's  will  (above)  was  also  recorded  in 
in  Lancaster  to  July,  1701.I 

Henry  Woodhouse  of  parish  of  Linhaven,  County  of 
Lower  Norfolk,  Virginia.  Will  29  January  i686|7;  proved 
24  July  1688.  To  my  eldest  son  Henry  Woodhouse,  my 
plantation  I  now  live  on,  being  500  acres.  To  my  second  son 
Horatio  Woodhouse,  my  plantation  called  Moyes  land.  If 
the  survey  of  my  land  run  into  Noyes  neck,  he  to  have  it.  To 
my  son  John  Woodhouse,  my  land  next  to  land  of  Richard 
Bonney  whereon  Richard  Dobbs  dwells.  To  my  two  sons 
Horatio  and  John,  my  land  I  bot  of  Mr.  William  Bassnett, 
Senior,  lying  in  woods  byjohn  Swell's  lands.    To  my  son  Hen- 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN    ENGLAND.  208 

ry  Woodhouse,  my  two  Negroes,  Roger  and  Sarah  by  name. 
Wiien  my  children  Horatio  and  John  are  at  age,  and  my 
daughters  Elizabeth  and  Luce  i6,  the  rest  of  negroes  to  be  di- 
vided among  them.  To  my  daughter  Mary  the  wife  of  William 
More,  Negro  woman  called  Kate,  2,000  lbs.  of  Tobacco,  iio, 
and  3  silver  spoons.  To  my  daughter  Sarah,  wife  of  Earon 
More,  iio,  2,000  lbs.  of  Tobacco,  and  3  silver  spoons, 
the  money  being  due  from  Mr.  Thomas  Minnford. 
All  the  rest  between  Henry,  Horatio,  John,  Elizabeth 
and  Luce.  Executor:  Son  Henry,  he  to  plant  an  afple  or 
chard  in  the  next  two  years.  Witnesses:  William  Cornick, 
Mala  Thruston. 

Exton.  102. 

[Henry  Woodhouse,  the  testator,  was  son  of  Henry  Woodhouse,  of 
Lower  Norfolk  county,  Va.,  who  died  in  1655,  and  grandson  of  Capt. 
Henry  Woodhouse,  Governor  of  the  Bermudas  1623-26.  The  last  named 
was  second  son  of  Sir  Henry  Woodhouse.  of  Waxham,  Norfolk, 
England.  For  accounts  of  the  Woodhouse  family,  and  will  of  Henry 
Woodhouse,  who  died  1655.  ^  well  as  that  of  Rev.  Horatio  Wood- 
house,  Rector  of  Collingtree,  Northamptonshire,  England,  who  was 
also  a  son  of  Governor  Woodhouse,  and  who  died  in  1697,  See  H^i/- 
Ham<5f  Sfary  Quarterly  I,  227-232,  II,  262-264,  V,  41-44,  and  Vols.  I-IV. 
Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary.  The  name  is  still  promi- 
nently represented  in  Princess  Anne  county,  a  part  of  old  Lower  Nor- 
folk.] 

Thomas  Blagrave  of  Westminnster,  gent.  Will  14  May 
1686.  proved  4  December  1688.  To  my  wife  Margaret 
Blagrave,  my  house  and  land  in  Teddington,  County  Middle- 
sex. To  my  kinsman  Thomas  Blagrave,  £40.  To  my  kins- 
man Ambrose  Searle,  iio.  To  my  kinsman  John  Goodwin, 
£20,  and  forgive  what  he  owes  me.  To  my  kinswoman  Anne 
Williams,  in  Virginia,  £5.  .  To  my  Kinsman  Henry  John- 
son, £5.  To  my  Kinsman  John  Blagrave,  my  brother  An- 
thony Blagrave's  youngest  sonne.  £5.  To  the  poor  which  shall 
be  near  at  my  interment,  20s.  All  the  rest  to  my  beloved  wife 
Margaret  Blagrave,  whom  I  make  executrix.  Witnesses: 
John  Clayton,  Elias  Silvester,  Tho.  Jennings. 

Exton,  106. 


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201  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

[There  have,  apparently,  been  several  families  of  Blagrave,  or  Bla- 
grove,  in  Virginia.  A.  Henry  Blagrave,  was  a  justice  of  Lunenburg 
county,  prior  to  the  Revolution,  and  Rev.  Benjamin  Blagrove,  son  of 
John,  of  Oxford,  England, //^^.,  matriculated  at  St.  Mary  Hall,  Oxford, 
Oct.  15,  1764,  at  ihe  age  of  18,  came  to  Virginia  in  1772,  (Foster's  Aiutn- 
fit  Oxonien%es,  and  Fothergill's  Emigrant  Ministers).  He  became 
Minister  of  Southwark  parish,  Surry ;  tof>k  the  American  side  during  the 
Revolution,  and  was  a  memberoftheSurry  Committee  of  Safety  in  1776. 

John  Blagrave,  son  of  Anthony  B'agrave,  of  Berks,  Wrw.,who  ma- 
triculated at  Magdalen  College,  Feb.  i,  1731-2,  aged  19,  may  have  been 
the  nephew  John,  named  in  the  will] 

Edward  Dewai.l  of  Warrasquoyke,  servant  to  Symon 
Cornocke  of  the  same.  Will  11  November  1636;  proved  23 
November  1640  ["Edward  Dewell,  of  Warwicke  Squeake,  in 
Virginia,  defunct,"  in  sentence.].  To  Symon  Coornocke  of  War- 
rasquoyke, in  Virginia,  one  Messuage  being  an  Hoast-house 
or  Inne  in  a  Towne  called  Redding,  County  Berks,  England, 
in  the  parish  of  Saint  Maries,  in  Minstrell  Streete,  now  or 
late  in  the  tenure  of  Richard  Marcombe.  my  uncle,  as  tenant 
to  mee,  given  to  me  by  my  father  George  Dewell  in  his  life 
time  being  the  signe  of  the  Rose,  and  also  all  houses  and 
money  left  me  by  my  mother,  Joane  Duell.  Executor :  Symon 
Cornocke.  Witnesses:  John  Army,  Nicholas  Spackman,  Wil- 
liam Clappum.  Sentence,  same  date,  for  will  in  cause  between 
executor  Simon  Curnocke  and  brother  Humphry  Dewell, 
claiming  to  be  administrator. 

Coventry,  139. 

[This  will  gives  an  unusual,  though  not  unique  instance,  of  a  servant 
owning  lands  or  houses.] 

Elizabeth  Draper  of  London.  Widow.  Will  17  August, 
1625 ;  proved  3  September  1625.  To  my  son  Vincent  Draper, 
in  lieu  of  his  child's  pte..  ii50.  To  my  grandchild  Darcis 
Draper,  daughter  of  said  Vincent,  £150  when  18  or  day  of 
marriage,  her  Aunt  Sara  Symons  to  have  the  education  of 
her.  If  she  die,  one-half  to  her  father  and  the  other  half  to 
her  said  aunt.  To  my  grandchildren  Elizabeth  and  Mary 
Peirsey,  daughters  of  my  sonne-in-law  Abraham  Peirsey, 
merchaunte,  resident  in  Virginia.  £100  apiece  when  18  or  mar- 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  205 

riage;  if  they  die,  the  money  to  be  divided  between  the  said 
Vincent  and  Sara.  To  Abraham  Peirsiey  a  ring  of  value  of 
30s.  To  my  son  in  law  Thurston  Symons,  one  Ringe  value 
30s.  To  Mrs.  Cowley,  my  cosen,  30s.  to  make  her  a  Ringe. 
To  my  god-daughter  Elizabeth  Cowley,  one  Ring  with  eight 
Dyamond  Stones  in  it.  To  my  daughter  Elizabeth  Peirsey  one 
dyamond  Ringe.  To  Alary  Peirsey  one  Dyamond  Ringe  set 
after  the  Duch  fashion.  To  Darkis  Draper,  one  Opell  Ringe 
with  sixe  Opelle  stones  of  several  colours  in  yt.  To  my  cosen 
Smythson,  20s.,  and  to  his  wife,  20s.,  and  his  daughter  Eliza- 
beth, 20s.  To  the  poore  of  St.  Clements  neare  Candlewicke 
streete,  in  London,  wherein  I  nowe  dwell,  50s.  To  John  Pen*- 
sye,  13s,  ^d.  To  Mr.  Price,  Clarke  of  St.  Clements  paryshe. 
20s.  To  Netherwood,  the  sexton  of  same  p'sh.,  los.  To  Kath- 
erin  Ruter,  my  mayde  servant,  50s.  To  Robert  Mincharde, 
Scrivener,  13s.,  4d.  All  the  rest  to  my  executors  in  trust  for 
my  daughter  Sara  Simmons,  her  husband  and  Thurstone 
Symons  not  to  have  any  claim  (he,  notwithstanding  his  pre- 
tensions of  giving  up  his  vile  and  lewd  courses,  having 
wronged  me).  Executors:  my  lovinge  Cozens  Mr.  Richard 
Berisford,  marchante  of  London,  that  sometime  dwelt  uppon 

Newe  Fyshstreet  Hill,  London,  and  Warriner,  mer- 

chante.  dwelling  in  Mark  Lane,  in  London.  Mem,  of  Scriv- 
ener, Robert  Mincharde,  that  the  said  testatrix  did  order  me 
to  draw  up  her  will  in  the  aforesaid  manner  in  the  presence  of 
Katherin  Ruter. 

Clarke,  93. 

[Abraham  Persey  orPiersey,  who  dieH  in  1628,  was  a  member  of  the 
Council,  and  was  reputed  to  be  the  wealthiest  man  of  his  day  in  Virg:in- 
ia.  He  married  twice,  his  first  wife,  evidently  the  daughter  of  Mrs.  Dra- 
per, was  the  mother  of  his  two  children.  Elizabeth  and  Mary.  His 
will  was  printed  in  full  in  Neill's  Virginia  Caroiorium,  404-406,  and  an 
abstract  from  the  P.  C.  C,  gjiven  in  the  Magazine  XII,  177-178.  See 
also  this  Magazine  I,  187-188  ] 


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206  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


VIRGINIA  MILITIA  IN  THE    REVOLUTION. 


(continued.) 


1777. 

Jan'y  20.  Smith,  Owen,  for  a  Gun,  by  Capt.  Lew.  Jones's 
Certificate,  3.  — .  — . 

31.  Smiths  Savage  &  Comply,  for  Gunpowder,  as  P. 
Acco't,  1792.  10.  — . 

Feb'y  3.  Shermer,  Robert,  for  one  Rifle  furnish' d  Capt. 
Bates's  Comp'y  Cherokee  Exp'n,  4.  15.  — . 

Sheald,  Daniel,  for  Do.  Do.  Do.,  16.  10.  — . 

4.  Straughan,  Reubin,  for  17  days  service  and  rations  as 
Q'r-Master  Serg't  to  2d  Battalion  to  Oct.  7,  incl.,  2.  8.  i>4. 

10.  Sharp,  Rich'd,  for  2  Muskets  P.  Turner  Southall's  Cer- 
tificate, 9.  — .  — . 

19.  Sutton,  Ebenezer,  for  horse  hire  to  an  Express  from 
Fort  Pitt,  4.  7.  6. 

Mar.  7.  Seward,  Capt.  William  C,  for  pay  &  Rations  of  his 
Comp'y  Surry  Militia  to  8th  inst.,  iii.  4.  4. 

17.  Stephen  &  Hunter,  for  3  Waggons  furnished  from  Octo. 
I  to  Mar.  12  and  returning,  262.  10.  — . 

Skinner,  John,  for  Wood  furnished  the  Militia  at  Hampton, 

4-  5.  — • 

22.  Smith,  William,  for  Cart  hire,  9.  — .  — .  Do.,  Do.,  for 
Wood  framing  &  Plank,  72.  — ,  ii>i>. 

Smith,  John,  for  his  Wages  Sc  Negro  hire  at  Portsmouth, 
22.  4.  — . 

Scott,  John,  for  5)^2  days  work  at  Fort  Stephen,  i.  2.  — . 
Ditto  for  33 J^  do.  on  Gun  Carriages,  6.  14.  — . 

Scott,  Tenant,  for  25  do.  for  self  &  177,' j  of  five  Negroes  at 
Fort  Stephen,  43.  15.  — . 

Sikes,  Caleb,  for  19  Do.,  Do.,  3.  16.  — . 

Stewart  8c  Mohun,  for  Smith's  Work  to  the  3d  of  February, 
112.  I.  — . 

April  I.  Syme,  Col.  John,  for  provision  furnished  Capt. 
Johnson's  Comp'y  Militia,  6.  10.  10. 


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VIRGINIA   MILITIA   IN   THE   REVOLUTION.  207 

4.  Smith,  William,  for  one  Gun  delivered  Col.  John  Wilson, 
4.  — .  — . 

8.  Smith,  Capt.  Thomas,  for  pay  &  rations  of  his  Comp'y 
Cherok.  Exped'n,  &c.,  203,  i.  i. 

22.  Simmonds,  Capt.  John,  for  pay  &  rations  of  his  Comp*y 
Militia  to  Mar.  31,  164.  3.  5. 

23.  Southall,  James,  for  85  diets  furnished  Capt.  Lewis's 
Comp*y  N.  Kent  Militia,  2.  2.  6. 

24.  Sykes,  Jesse,  for  Work  done  on  Fort  Stephen.  P.  cert., 
16.  16.  — . 

28.  Smith,  John,  for  his  Wages  &  Negro  hire  to  the  26th 
instant,  19.  19.  10. 

Shipp,  John,  for  Hiccory  for  Ax  helves  &  Handspikes  fur- 
nished P.  Acco't.  II.  3.  8. 

Stewart  &  Mohun,  for  Smith's  Work  for  Gun  Carriages,  &c., 
to  Ap'l  26th  inst.,  68.  13.  9.      ' 

Stroud,  William,  for  7  days  Work  getting  Timber  for  Gun 
Carriages,  Portsm'th,  i.  15.  — . 

May  10.  Stewart,  Charles,  for  a  Gun  furnished  the  Louisa 
Militia,  3.  — .  — . 

13.  Smith,  Capt.  William,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  the  Gloster  Do., 
P.  Acco't,  79.  19.  2. 

15.  Sale,  Capt  John,  for  Waggonage  &  Provisions  to  his 
Comp'y,  76.  19.  8. 

16.  Shackleford,  William,  for  a  Gun  for  Capt.  Jas.  Turner's 
Min't  Do.,  2.  15.  — . 

Smith,   James,    for    3    Tomahawks,    &c.,    furnished    Ditto, 

-.  13.  6. 

17.  Stoval,  Thomas,  for  a  Gun  paid  P.  Carrington,  2.  15.  — . 
20.     Scott,  John,  his  Estate   for    2   houses   for  Barracks  for 

Min't  men,  &c.,  to  Dec.  3d  last,  8.  6.  8. 

22.  Simpson,,  Southy,  for  pay  lead,  &c.,  as  P.  Acco't, 
II.  14.  — . 

Ditto   for  sundry  Persons,   Provisions,   &c.,   P.    Acco't,  62. 

13-  —• 

24.  Scruggs,  Valentine,  for  1  Gun  furnished  Capt.  Ballows 
Min't  Comp'v,  3.  15.  — . 

26.  Severe,  Valentine,  for  51  days  pay  as  a  Spy  against  the 
Cherokees  (n-  5s,  12.  15.  — . 


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208  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

27.  Stone,  Stephen,  for  i  Gun  delivered  Capt.  John 
Winston,  2.  15.  — . 

30.  Sullens,  John,  for  bal.  due  for  Waggon  hire  on  Cherokee 
Exped'n,  P.  Acco't,  6.  3.  — . 

June  2.  Smith,  Arthur,  for  Waggon  hire  to  the  troops  at 
Portsmouth,  28.  — .  — . 

9.  Smith,  John,  for  self  and  others  for  sundry  Work,  &c., 
on  the  Fort  at  Portsmouth,  P.  Acco*t,  99.  11.  9. 

Southail,  Capt.  James,  for  pay  &  rations  of  his  Comply  on 
duty  in  Feb'y  last,  37.  9.  4. 

13.  Simms,  John,  for  a  Gun  furnished  Capt.  Charles  Dab- 
ney*s  Min't  Comply,  2.  — .  — . 

Shoat.  Edward,  for  a  Rifle  furnished  Capt.  Perkins's  Comp'y, 
Cherokee  Expedition,  6.  — .  — . 

17.  Southail,  Capt.  James,  for  360  rations  omitted  in  pay 
roll,  9.  12.  — . 

18.  Strode,  John,  for  one  Gun  &  Bayonet  furnished  Capt. 
Walter  Towles  Min't  Comp'y,  6.  — .  — . 

25.  Selden,  William,  for  140  large  Pine  Trees  furnished  for 
the  Battery  at  Hampton,  70.  — .  — . 

27.  Smith,  William,  for  carriage  of  Bacon  &  horse  hire  & 
procuring  Provisions  P.  Acco't,  — .  17.  — . 

July  9.  Smith,  John,  for  pay  of  self  &  sundry  Workmen 
at  Portsmouth,  P.  Acco't,  141.  9.  6. 

Aug'st  2.  Sinclair,  Alexander,  for  sundries  furnished  Capt. 
Bowyer's  Comp'y  Cherokee  Exp'n,  5.  15.  6. 

5.  Stewart,  John  &  Elias  Wingate,  for  9  days  each  work'g 
on  Gun  Carriages  at  4s,  3.  12.  — . 

23.  Seawell,  Joseph,  for  victualling  Capts.  Hubard's  and 
Row's  Comp'y  of  Militia,  P.  Acco't,  7.  i.  6. 

26.  Sandifer,  John,  for  victualing  46  of  the  Warwick  Militia, 
&c.,  P.  Acco't,  20.  2.  — . 

Sept'r  1.  Smith,  Capt.  Lawrence,  for  pay,  &c.,  of  Sussex 
Militia,  P.  Acco't,  S'^,  7.  3. 

Shields,  Capt.  James,  for  pay  of  his  Comp'y  of  York  Militia, 
P.  Acco't,  42.  12.  5. 

(TO    BE    CONTINUED.) 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  209 

HISTORICAL  AND  GENEALOGICAL  NOTES 
AND  QUERIES. 


[The  editor  of  the  Magazine  is  indebted  to  President  McCabe  for  an 
acquaintance  with  Mr.  Austen  Leigh's  investigations  into  the  history  of 
Eton.  That  a  number  of  Virginu  boys  were  at  that  famous  college  has 
not  been  before  known.  The  following  appears  in  Foster's  Alumni  Ox- 
onienses  in  regard  to  Lewis  Bur  well  the  younger  who  is  referred  to  be- 
low: **Burwell,  Lewis,  s.  Lewis,  of  Virginia,  America,  arm.  Balliol 
Coll.  matric  30  March,  1765,  aged  18."  This  Lewis  Burwell  represented 
Gloucester  county  in  the  House  of  Burgesses  and  Conventions.  The 
letters  copied  below  were  printed  in  Thti  Eton  ColUfre  Chronicle. '\ 

AMERICANS  AT  ETON  IN  COLONIAL  DAYS. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Eton  College  Chronicle: 

Dear  Sir,— It  may  not  be  generally  known  that  it  was  a  no  un- 
common practice  in  the  i8th  century  for  Americans  to  send  their  sons 
to  England  for  their  education.  Some  of  these  boys  naturally  found 
their  way  to  Eton,  but  in  the  almost  complete  absence  of  any  records 
here,  the  difficulty  is  to  discover  their  names.  A  few  however  can  be 
rescued  from  various  sources,  thus  the  Eton  Parish  Register  records  the 
death  of  Beverley  Randolph,  'scholar  from  Virginia,'  who  was  buried 
at  Eton,  29  April,  1763.  Again  the  registers  of  some  of  the  colleges  at 
Cambridge  gives  us  other  names.  At  Caius  and  at  St.  John's  a  carefull 
register  was  kept  of  every  student's  birth-place  and  school.  Thus  we 
find  at  St  fohn's,  Paul  Trapier  from  South  Carolina,  and  William  Ot- 
teley,  described  as  *from  America,' both  at  Eton  under  Dr.  Barnard: 
and  at  Caius  College,  Louis  Burwell.  of  Virginia,  who  was  seven  years  at 
Eton  under  Drs.  Bland  and  George;  Thomas  Lynch  from  South  Caro- 
lina, at  Eton  under  Dr.  Barnard  ;  and  William  Huger  from  South  Caro- 
lina, at  Eton  under  Dr.  Foster. 

Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend  Colonel  McCabe  of  Richmond, 
Virginia,  I  have  been  supplied  with  details  about  all  the  above  names 
with  the  exception  of  Otteley.  Colonel  McCabe  tells  me  that  the  in- 
formation may  be  absolutely  relied  on  as  it  has  been  given  him  for 
Randolph  and  Burwell  by  Mr.  G.  W.  Stanard,  Corresponding  Secretary 
of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society;  and  for  Lynch,  Huger  and  Trapier, 
by  Mr.  A.  S.  Salley,  Junr.,  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  South  Caro- 
lina Historical  Society, 

N.  B. — The  matter  within  square  brackets  is  added  from  the  registers 
in  Caius  and  St.  John's  College. 

Randolph,  Beverley,  was  a  son  of  either  Beverley  or  John,  sons  of  Sir 
John  Randolph,  Knt.,  Speaker  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Burgesses. 

Burwell,  Lewis, son  of  Nathaniel,  was  afterwards  of  Caius  College, 

7 


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210  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Cambridge.  He  was  President  of  the  Council  of  Virginia  and  Acting 
Governor,  1750-51.  This  Lewis  Burwell,  of  Eton  and  Caius,  was 
certainly  the  father  of  the  Lewis  Burwell  of  Balliol,  Oxford. 

Lynchf  Thomas,  son  of  Thomas  Lynch,  Esq.,  of  Prince  George's 
Parish,  Winyah,  South  Carolina;  [b.  Aug.  5lh,  1749;  school,  Eton  4  years 
under  Mr.  Barnard,  age  18,  admitted  fellow  Commoner  at  Caius  Coll. 
Cambridge,  May  i8th,  1767;  admitted  at  Middle  Temple,  1767];  Captain 
Continental  Army,  1775-1776  ;  Member  of  Congress,  1776-7777  ;  signed 
the  Declaration  ol  Independence;  was  lost  at  sea,  1779. 

////^^^^T,  Francis  [«<?/ William]  son  of  Daniel  Huger,  Esq.,  of  Lime- 
rick plantation,  St.  John's  Parish,  Berkeley  County.  South  Carolina  ; 
[b.  June  19th,  1751  ;  educated  4  years  under  Mr.  Wilton;  then  at  Eton 
2  years  under  Mr.  Foster;  age  18  ;  admitted  Fellow  Commoner  at  Caius 
Coll.  Cambridge,  March  26th,  1768];  Captain  in  Continental  Army; 
d.  Aug.   1800. 

Trapier,  Paul,  son  of  Paul  Trapier,  gent,  of  Prince  George's  Parish, 
Winyah,  South  Carolina  ;  [school  Eton  (Dr.  Barnard);  admitted  Pen- 
sionerat  St.  John's,  Cambridge,  Mar.  2olh,  1766,  aet.  18;  Student  of  Inner 
Temple,  Feby.  17,  1767];  m  Klizabeth  Foissin,  1771  ;  Captain  of  State 
Artillery,  1776. 

Etonians  have  taken  part  in  many  great  events,  but  it  will  probably 
be  news  to  most  of  us  that  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  In- 
dependence was  educated  here. 

Yours  faithfully, 

Eton  College,  R.  A.  Austen  Leigh. 

March  22,  1905. 

Dear  .Sir,— I  hope  this  subject  is  of  sufficient  interest  to  warrant 
another  leUer.  Through  the  courtesy  of  the  Corresponding  Secretaries 
of  the  Virginia  and  Maryland  Historical  Societies,  I  am  now  enabled  to 
supply  a  further  list  of  Americans  who  came  to  Eton  in  the  eighteenth 
century. 

BurweU,  James  [entered  Eton,  Sept  30,  1760]  (if  a  Virginian),  of  the 
same  family  as  Lewis  Burwell,  and  was  son  of  Nathaniel  Bacon  Burwell 
{E.  C.  C  No.  1086). 

Dulany,  Daniel  [entered  Eton,  Ju'y  10,  1762],  son  of  Hon.  Daniel 
Dulany  (the  younger)  and  Rebecca  Tasker  his  wife,  was  born  in  Annap- 
olis, Province  of  Maryland,  about  1750  or  1751,  and  in  July  1761  was 
taken  to  England  by  his  father  to  be  educated.  He  lived  for  many  years 
in  Downing  Street,  London,  and  at  Patcliam  or  Patching,  Su.sse.x.  Mr. 
Dulany  never  returned  to  America  but  once  after  he  was  taken  to  Eng- 
land to  be  educated,  and  that  was  in  17.S5,  when  he  paid  a  visit  to  his 
only  brotlier.  Col.  Benjamin  Tasker  Dulany,  of  Fairfax  Co.,  V^irginia, 
U.  S.  A.  General  George  Washington  in  his  diary  thus  writes,  "Thursday, 
Dec.  22,  1785,  at  Mount  Vernon,  went  a  foxhunting  with  the  gentlemen 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  211 

who  came  here  yesterday,  Daniel  Dulany,  Jr.,  Benjamin  Dulany,  Samuel 
Hanson,  Thos.  Hanson,  Philip  Alexander,  together  with  Ferdinando 
Washington  and  a  Mr.  Shaw."  He  died  in  1824,  and  was  buried,  as 
was  also  his  mother  (aet.  98)  at  the  Parish  Church  of  Palcham  or 
Patching.  Mr.  Dulany 's  father,  the  Hon.  Daniel  Dulany  (the  younger), 
was  one  of  the  ablest  lawers  in  the  Province  of  Maryland,  and  being 
a  loyalist  had  his  large  estate  in  Maryland  confiscated  in  1781,  and  this 
was  one  of  the  reasons  why  his  eldest  son,  Daniel  Dulany  (3rd)  chose 
England  as  his  home  instead  of  returning  to  live  in  America. 

FUzhufrh,  George  Lee  Mason  [entered  Eton,  May  22,  1758],  son  of 
Colonel  William  Kitzhugh  of  Rousby  Hall,  Calvert  County,  Mainland, 
who  was  a  native  of  Virginia.  G.  L.  M.  F.  was  born  in  Stafford  County, 
Virginia,  Aug.  18,  1748,  and  died  1836. 

Qrymes,  Philip  and  John  [entered  Eton,  Sept.  19,  1760].  sons  of  Hon. 
Philip  Grymes,  Escj.,  of  Brandon,  Middlesex  Co.,  Virginia,  Receiver- 
General  of  the  Colony  and  Member  of  the  Council.    They  had  an  elder 
brother  John,  who  died  June  20,  1740,  in  London,  and  was  hurried  in 
the  Temple  yard, 
(i )   Grymes,  Philip  Ludwell,  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  and  State 
Legislatures,  and  in  1803  was  appointed  to  the  Virginia  Council  of 
State.     He  was  of  Brandon,  and  died  May  18,  1805. 
(2)   Grytnes,  John  Randolph;  b.  about  1746;  d.  about  1820.     Took  the 
Loyalist  side,  and  joined  Lord  Dunmore,  the  last  English  Governor 
of  V^irginia,  who  was   making  an   attempt  to   regain  his  place  by 
force.     Lord  Dunmore  was  much  elated  at  the  accession  of  Grymes, 
and  wrote  to  Lord  George  Germaine  that  he  was  a  great  acquisition, 
was  of  the  first  family   in  Virginia,  a  gentleman  of  fortune,  amiable 
character,  strict  honour,  brave,  active  and  able.     Grymes  is  said  to 
have  served  with  credit  as  a  major  in  the  Queen's  Rangers  under 
Simcoe  till  1778,  when  he  resigned  and  went  to  England,  where  he 
married  and  lived  for  a  number  of  years.     He  was  an  officer  in  the 
corps  of  American  Loyalists  raised    when    it  was    expected    that 
Napoleon  would  invade  England. 
Lee,  Philip  Thomas  fat  Eton  from  1753  to  1756,  and   afterwards   at 
Christ's  College,  Cambridge],  the  second  son  of  Richard  Lee  and  Grace 
Ashton  his  wife,  died  Nov.  28th,  1788,  at  Blenheim,  his  father's  seat  on 
the  Potomac.     He  married  a  Miss  Russell,  of  England.     He  was  of  the 
same  family  as  General  R.  E.  Lee. 

Randolph,  William,  probably  a  brother  of  Beverley  R.,  see  E.  C  C. 
No.  1086  [they  b9th  entered  Eton,  June  28,  1762]. 

Spotswood,  Alexander  and  John  [both  entered,  Eton,  Jan.  8,  1760], 
sons  of  John  Spotswood  of  Newport,  Spotsylvania  Co.,  Virginia,  and 
grandsons  of  Major-Gen.  Ale.xander  Spotswood,  Governor  of  Virginia. 
The  last-named  served  under  Marlborough  and  was  wounded  at  Blen- 
heim.    These  boys  were  at  Eton  from  1760-64.     Alexander  became  a 


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212  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

brigadier-general,  and  John  a  captain  in  the  American  army  during  the 
Revolution. 

Tilghman,  Richard  [entered  Eton,  July  lo,  1762]  (b.  Dec.  17th,  1746, 
d.  Nov.  24th,  1796),  son  of  James  and  Anna  Tilghman.  was  educated  in 
England,  returned  home  and  studied  law  under  Daniel  Dulany.  At 
the  soKcitation  of  his  relative,  Sir  Philip  Frances,  the  reputed  author  of 
the  letters  of  Junius,  he  went  to  Bengal,  India,  via  England.  In  respect 
to  his  political  sentiments  and  proclivities  he  was  permitted  to  depart 
in  June  1776,  in  company  with  Gov.  Robert  Eden,  in  the  British  sloop- 
of- war  **Fowey,"  Captain  Montague.  He  died  on  the  second  voyage 
from  India. 

]^ormeley^  Ralph  [entered  Eton,  Sept.  12,  1757],  son  of  Ralph  Wor 
meley  of  Rosegill,  Middlesex  Co.,  Virginia.  He  inherited  and  lived 
on  that  estate.  He  was  born  in  1744  and  died  Jan.  19,  1806.  In  a  letter 
which  has  been  preserved  Mr.  Wormeley  speaks  of  Robert  Darcy  Hil- 
liard  of  Winestead  as  his  contemporary  at  Eton,  and  at  Trinity  Hall, 
Cambridge.  His  portrait  in  cap  and  gown  is  preserved,  and  also  another 
portrait  in  a  group  of  four,  either  at  Eton  or  Cambridge.  He  was  ap- 
pointed in  1 77 1  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Council,  and  his  loyal  sym- 
pathies were  so  strongly  shown  at  the  beginning  of  the  American 
Revolution  that  he  was  confined  for  a  year  or  two  to  one  of  his  father's 
estates,  and  compelled  to  give  heavy  bond.  After  the  Revolution  he 
lived  quietly  at  Rosegill  and  was  noted  as  a  book-collector.  His  great- 
grandfather, Ralph  Wormeley,  Esq.,  also  of  Rosegill,  and  Secretary  o! 
State  of  Virginia,  was  one  of  the  first  natives  of  the  colony  at  Oxford. 
He  entered  Oriel  College,  July  14,  1665. 

Yours  faithfully, 

R.  A.  Austen  Leigh. 

Eton  College,  July  18,  1905. 


Notes  from  the  Records  of  Goochland  County. 

At  a  Ct.  held  May  21,  1728 

A  Commission  from  Hon.  Wm.  Gooch,  Lt.  Gov.  &  Commander-in- 
chief,  to  Thos.  Randolph,  John  Fleming,  Wm.  Mayo,  John  Woodson, 
Daniel  Stoner,  Renee  Laforee,  Tarlton  Fleming,  Alien  Howard  &  Edw'd 
Scot,  gent,  to  be  justices  of  the  peace  &  Tarlton  Fleming  &  Allen  How- 
ard gent,  administered  the  oaths. 

Henry  Wood  produces  a  commission  from  Hon.  John  Carter,  Esq. 
Sec'ty  of  this  Colony  to  be  Clerk  of  this  County. 

Daniel  Stoner,  gent,  produces  a  commission  from  Wm.  Gooch,  Esq., 
to  be  Sheriff  of  this  County. 

Wm.  Mayo,  gent,  produces  a  commission  from  Hon.  Peter  Beverley. 
Esq.  Surveyor  General  of  this  Colony  to  be  surveyor  of  this  County. 

On  motion  of  Daniel  Stoner,  gent,  sheriff,  his  protest  against   the 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  213 

county  for  all  damages  that  shall  happen  unto  him  for  want  of  a  prison, 
is  entered. 

June  i8,  1728. 

Thos.  Prosser  presented  a  commission  as  deputy  attorney  for  this 
County. 

Sept.  18,  1728. 

Levy  :  1132  tithables  @  26  lbs  [tobacco]  per  poll.  Richard  Randolph 
and  John  Boiling,  Jr.,  paid  for  services  as  burgesses. 

May  20,  1729. 
Was  read  a  new  commission  of  the  peace  adding  George   Paine, 
William  Cabbell  and  James  Holman,  gent,  to  the  Court. 
May  20,  1729— Daniel  Stoner  produced  commission  as  shenff. 

Oct.  I,  1729, 
Levy  :  1 165  tithables  @  29  lbs.  per  poll. 
Oct.  21,  1729. 
Thos.  Prosser,  deputy  King's  attorney,  allowed  1000  lbs.  tobacco  an- 
nually for  his  services. 

Jan.  19,  1729. 

Negro  tried  for  felony  (housebreaking)  and  acquitted,  but  as  some 
of  the  stolen  goods  were  found  in  his  possession  and  he  not  accounting 
for  them  was  ordered  to  receive  39  lashes. 

Jan.  9,  1739. 

Stephen  Hughes,  a  Quaker,  made  affirmation. 
July  18,  1730. 
[Contempt  of  Court.] 

John  Fleming,  Wm.  Mayo,  Allen  Howard,  George  Payne,  and  Wil- 
liam Cabbell,  justices,  present. 

* 'Thomas  Prosser,  attorney  for  Luke  Wiles  vs.  Stephen  Hughesi 
asking  several  questions  of  the  Defendant  before  any  witnesses  were 
sworn  in  the  Cause,  and  being  told  bv  the  Court  that  he  ought  not  to 
proceed  in  that  manner,  but  that  he  ought  to  suffer  the  witnesses  first 
to  be  sworn,  and  then  to  ask  leave  of  such  questions  as  he  proposed 
might  be  asked  them,  and  thereupon  the  said  Thomas  Prosser  saying  that 
if  he  could  not  be  suffered  to  speak  for  his  Client  he  should  think  injus- 
tice done  his  Client  and  that  he  would  ask  what  questions  he  pleased 
in  behalf  of  his  Client,  it  is  the  opinion  of  the  Court  the  said  Thomas 
Prosser  enter  into  bond  with  good  and  sufficient  Security  for  jiis  good 
behaviour,  which  he  refusing  to  give,  it  is  ordered  that  the  Sheriff"  take 
into  his  custody  ^he  said  Thomas  Prosser  and  him  safely  keep  in  the 
goal  of  this  County,  untill  he  enter  into  bond  with  good  and  sufficient 
Security  in  the  sum  of  fifty  pounds  Current  money  conditional  for  his 
good  behaviour  for  one  year  and  a  day. 


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214  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Upon  Thomas  Prosser's  being  committed  to  prison  pursuant  to  the 
former  order,  the  Jury  who  were  sworn  in  the  Cause  between  Luke 
Wiles  Pit.  and  Stephen  Hughes,  Defend't,  proceedings  to  try  the  same, 
are  informed  by  the  Clerk  that  after  he  had  rec'd  the  declaration  at  the 
request  of  Thomas  Prosser  aforesaid  he  delivered  it  to  him,  and  there- 
upon the  Sherif  being  sent  the  Goal  to  demand  of  him  the  said  declar- 
ation, and  his  answer  to  the  sherif  being  that  if  he  had  it  he  would  keep 
it,  the  Clerk  is  thereupon  ordered  to  go  to  the  Goal  and  demand  of 
him  the  said  declaration,  and  upon  the  return  of  the  Clerk,  he  reports 
to  the  Court  that  the  said  Thomas  Prosser's  answer  to  him  was  that  he 
was  a  prisoner  and  would  not  unbundle  his  papers  to  look  for  any 
declaration,  and  thereupon  the  Sherif  is  ordered  to  bring  the  said 
Thomas  Prosser  into  Court,  who  upon  his  appearance  and  his  being 
asked  to  deliver  to  the  Clerk  the  said  declaration,  [said]  that  he  did 
not  know  if  he  had  it  or  not  and  would  not  trouble  himself  to 
look  for  it,  but  that  he  was  a  prisoner  and  would  answer  ever>'thing  he 
should  do  as  such  and  that  he  would  justihe  his  whole  behaviour  so 
long  as  he  was  worth  a  penny,  upon  Consideration  of  the  premises  he 
is  guilty  of  a  breach  of  his  behaviour  and  it  is  thereupon  ordered  that  he 
be  fined  to  our  Sovereign  Lord  the  King  in  the  Sum  of  five  pounds 
sterling  money  and  that  the  sherif  keep  him  in  the  Goal  of  this  County 
untill  he  pay  the  said  fine  with  costs. 


Thomas  Prosser  being  together  with  his  papers  ordered  to  be 
brought  into  Court  that  the  declaration  mentioned  in  the  former  order 
may  be  searched  for,  the  Sherif  makes  return  that  he  defends  himself  in 
the  Goal  with  his  naked  s\*ord.  and  refuses  to  come  before  the  Court  or 
to  suffer  his  papers  to  be  brought  into  Court,  whereupon  it  is  ordered 
that  the  Sherif  summon  a  sufficient  Guard  to  keep  him  in  the  Goal  with- 
out victuals  or  drink  until  he  deliver  up  his  sword  and  such  other 
offensive  weapons  as  shall  be  found  on  him,  and  also  his  papers  that 
search  may  be  made  for  the  said  declaration  and  if  the  said  declaration 
s  not  found  that  the  Sherif  shall  keep  him  in  irons  until  the  next  Court. 

Sept.  15,  1730, 
Prosser  was  released  on  giving  bond   for  good   behaviour,  and  was 
refused  an  appeal 

May  17,  1730, 

Was  published  a  proclamation  from  Governor  Gooch  for  preventing  the 
unlawful  meetings  and  combinations  of  negro  and  other  slaves. 
Also  one  for  |:)roroguing  the  General  Assembly. 

[Pav.ments  for  Printed  Laws  ] 
"On  Mr.  William  Parks's  letter  to  the  Court  it  is  ordered  that  there 
be  levied  for  him  eight  hundred  pounds  of  tobacco  cask  and  conveni- 
ences at  the  next  levy  for  which   the  said   Parks  is  to  furnish   twelve 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  215 

copys  of  the  laws  of  the  last  Session  of  the  Assembly  for  the  use   of  the 
Justices."     [This  entry  is  under  date  May  17,  1730.] 


Great  Storm  at  Norfolk,  1785. 

Bahimore,  August  30,  1785. 
We  are  just  informed  from  Norfolk,  in  Virginia,  that  on  Saturday, 
August  14th,  they  had  there  a  dreadful  Gust  of  Thunder,  Hail.  Wind 
and  Rain.  The  Wind  was  so  strong  as  to  blow  several  Vessels  from 
their  moorings  ashore  ;  happily  none  were  lost.  Three  small  vessels 
were  overset,  and  it  was  with  difficulty  that  the  people  were  saved. 
Several  Chimnies  were  blown  down,  and  the  Roof  and  Gable  End  of  a 
large  Brick  House  belonging  to  Captain  Archer,  blown  off.  The  Hail 
was  so  violent  as  to  break  numbers  of  Windows,  and  some  of  the  Stones 
measured  Two  and  a  Half  Inches  in  circumference. 

{From  the  Maryland  Journal  and  Baltimore  Adertiser.) 


Freshet  in  James  River,  1786. 

Richmond,  June  8.  1786. 
From  the  quantity   of  water  which   has   fallen   within  this  fortnight 
passed  caused  one  of  the  highest  freshes  that  has  been  known  for  these 
14  years,  which  has  done  considerable  damage  to  all  the  crops  upon  the 
low  grounds  lying  upon  this  river  for  many  miles  down  it. 

{From  the  Maryland  Journal  and  Baltimore  Advertiser.) 


Town  Officers  of  pETERsnuRo,  1786. 

Petersburg,  September  14,  1786. 
On  Thursday  last  were  elected  out  of  the  twelve  Gentlemen  chosen 
the  day  before,  by  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants  of  this  town,  to  com- 
pose the  Corporation  thereof,  Dr.  John  Shore,  Mayor ;  Robert  Boiling, 
Elsq.,  Recorder,  and  Thomas  G.  Peachy,  Samuel  Davies,  Christopher 
McConnico,  and  Alexander  McNabb,  Esquires.  Aldermen. 

{From  the  Virginia  Gazette  and  Petersburg  Intelligencer.) 


St.  John's  Dav,  Rich.mond.  1791. 

Richmond,  Dec.  23,  1791. 
On  Tuesday  next  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Festival  of  St.  John 
the  Evangelist,  the  two  Lodges,  Nos.  10  and  19,  intend  to  unite  upon 
this  occasion  at  the  Masonic  Hall—From  thence  *  *  [part  missing]  will 
be  performed,  and  a  charity  sermon  preached  by  the  Rev.  John 
Buchanan,  and  a  Collection  made  for  the  benefit  of  the  poor  of  this 
metropolis. — A  band  of  instrumental  music  is  to  be  provided  to  accom- 
pany the  Richmond  Choir,  who  will  sing  several  Anthems  in  parts. 
{From  the  Virginia  Gazette  and  Weekly  Advertiser. ) 


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216  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


GENEALOGY. 


THE  MALLORY  FAMILY. 


Arms :  Mallory  of  Studley  :  Or,  a  Hon  rampant,  gules,  tail  forked,  col- 
lared ar.  Impaling,  Zouch :  gu.  fifteen 
bezants,  5,  4,  j,  2,  i,  a  canton  erm,  crest :  a 
nag's  head,  couped,  gu, 
(also J  or,  a  lion  rampant,  gules,  collared  ar. 
crest :  a  nag^s  head,  gu, 
Thos.  Mallory,  Dean  of  Chester  :  Or,  a  lion  rampant,  gules,  in  dexter 

chief  a  crescent,  of  the  second,  for  dif- 
ference (From  **A  Cheshire  Ordinary  of 
Arms,  I629,"  {Cheshire  Sheaf,  Vol.  II.) 

That  the  compiler  is  enabled  to  present  a  corrected  and  thoroughly 
authenticated  account  of  this  ancient  family,  begining  with  the  lords  of 
the  manors  of  Hutton-Conyers  and  Studley-Royal  in  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, and  coming  down  to  the  present  generation  in  America,  is  due  to 
the  kindness  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  John  S.  Mallory,  U.  S.  A.,  in  allow- 
ing his  large  collection  of  family  history  to  be  used,  and  to  the  fortu- 
nate discovery,  by  Mr.  Lothrop  Withington,  of  the  will  of  Rev.  Philip 
Mallory. 

Various  English  genealogical  writers  have  thought  it  probable  that 
the  Mallorys  of  Hutton-Conyers  and  Studley  descended  from  the  fami- 
ly of  the  name  seated  from  a  very  early  date  at  Kirkby-Mallory  and 
Walton-on-the  Wolds,  Leicestershire.  In  Nichols's  History  of  Leicester- 
shire, Vol.  4,  part  2,  p.  761,  &c.,  is  an  account  of  the  Kirkby-Mallory 
family  beginning  in  the  time  of  King  Stephen,  and  ending  in  an  heiress 
who  died  in  1482.  The  Mallorys  of  Walton-on-the-Wolds  sprang  from 
the  Kirkby-Mallory  family,  and  the  estate  was  owned  by  a  John  Mallo- 
ry temp.  Edward  III.  The  arms  of  the  Leicestershire  families  were  the 
same  as  of  that  in  Yorkshire.  Old  glass  in  several  churches  in  Leices- 
tershire show  them  to  have  been  :  or,  a  lion  rampant,  queue  furchee 
gules.  Nichols  cites  from  Le  Neve's  MSS  a  statement  that  the  Yorkshire 
Mallorys  branched  from  the  Leicestershire  family  in  the  time  of  Ed- 
ward II.  There  is  no  positive  evidence  that  this  is  so,  but  from  the 
similarity  of  arms,  a  strong  probability. 

When  the  account  of  the  Yorkshire  Mallorys  is  begun  conjecture 
ceases  and  practically  every  link  in'the  line  of  descent,  through  a  period 
of  five  hundred  years,  is  thoroughly  authenticated. 

The  best  account  of  the  Yorkshire  Mallorys  is  in  a  Genealogical  and 
Biographical  Memoir  of  the  Lords  of  Studley  in  Yorkshire,  by  John 
Richard  Walbran,  Ripon,  1S41,  reprinted  in  Vol.  LXVII,  Surtees 
Society  Publications,  1878.  James  Raine,  the  Secretary  of  the  Surtees 
Society,  and  editor  of  the  volume  after  Mr.  Walbran's  death,   states 


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GENEALOGY.  217 

that  he  has  not  hesitated  to  make  great  changes  in  the  text,  when  re- 
quired by  the  results  of  later  investigations.  The  work  will  be  largely 
quoted  here. 

The  pedigree  is  also  contained  in  the  Visttaiion  of  Yorkshire^  ^5^3-4* 
Harleian  Society,  1581. 

Walbran  begins  his  account  by  tracing  the  descent  of  the  manor  of 
Studley  until  it  came  to  the  Mallorys. 

Richard  le  Aleman  was  lord  of  Studley  in  1 180  and  the  manor  passed 
through  several  generations  of  his  family  until,  by  an  heiress,  it  went 
to  the  family  of  Le  Gras,  and  from  them,  in  the  same  manner,  to  Isa- 
bel, wife  of  Sir  Richard  Tempest,  Kt,  second  son  of  Richard  Tempest, 
of  Bracewell.  She  died  in  1421,  and  the  property  descended  to  her  son. 
Sir  William  Tempest  of  Studley,  Knight,  who  was  upwards  of  thirty 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  mother's  death.  He  was  knighted  be- 
fore 1409,  and  married  Eleanor,  only  daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Washington,  of  Washington,  in  the  couniy  of  Durham,  by  Marga- 
ret, his  wife,  daughter  and  heiress  of  fohn  Morvill.  They  (William  and 
Eleanor),  were  cousins,  being  related  to  each  other  in  the  3rd  and  4th 
degrees,  but  their  marriage  was  legalized  by  dispensation  from  the 
Archbishop  of  York,  Oct.  20,  1409,  long  after  they  had  been  married 
and  children  bom  to  them  {TesL  Ebor.  Ill,  319).  She  died  Jan.  2,  1451, 
and  was  found  seised  of  half  of  the  manor  of  Washington  {,Inq.  p,  m, 
24th  Jan.  XIV,  Neville.  1451) 

William  Tempest,  of  Studley,  esq,  their  eldest  son  and  heir,  lived 
but  a  short  time  after  inheriting  the  estate.  He  died  Jan.  4,  1444  {Inq. 
p,  m.  1446^  in  36  Col,  4,  p.  i6g).  The  name  of  his  wife  is  not  record- 
ed. He  left  one  son,  John,  then  two  years  old,  who  died  soon  after- 
wards, and  two  daughters,  who  became  his  co-heirs. 

I.  Isabel,  married  Richard  Norton,  of  Norton  Conyers,  esq. 

II.  Dionisia.  married  William  Mallory,  of  Hutton  Conyers,  esq.,  and 
was  thirty-six  years  of  age,  Oct  24th,  1451. 

William  Mallory,  Esq.,  who  thus  became  lord  of  Studley,  jure 
uxoriSf  was  the  representative  of  an  ancient  well-allied  family.  They 
became  possessed  of  Hutton  Conyers,  Yorkshire,  by  the  marriage  of 
Sir  Christopher  Mallory  (son  of  Sir  Thomas  and  a  daughter  of  Lord 
Zouch)  with  Joan,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Robert  Conyers,  of  that 
place,  whose  ancestor,  Robert  Conyers — the  representative  of  the  elder 
branch  of  Conyers,  of  Sackburn  —possessed  it  in  1246,  as  appears  by  his 
grant  of  land  there  to  the  church  of  St.  Peter,  at  York,  in  that  year. 

Sir  Christopher*  Mallory  had  issue  Sir  William',  of  Hutton,  who  by 
his  wife  Katherine,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Ralph  Nunwick,  of  Nun- 
wick,  had  William*)  Mallory,  who  by  his  marriage  with  Joan,  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Plumpton,  of  Plumpton,  near  Knaresborough,  had  Wil- 
liam* Mallory,  before  mentioned,  who  married  Dionisia  Tempest,  of 
Studley. 

After  the  family  had  acquired  Studley,  it  does  not  appear  that  they 


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218  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

abandoned  the  manor  house  at  Hutton,  but  frequented  it  occasionally 
until  the  end  of  the  Sixteenth  century,  about  which  time  the  present 
building,  now  used  as  a  farm  house,  seems  to  have  been  erected.  A 
picturesque  gable  on  the  north  side,  and  richly  ornamented  ceiling  (the 
lion  of  the  Mallory  arms  is  displayed  in  the  compartments)  in  a  neglect- 
ed apartment  in  the  southeast  wing  remain  of  this  date.  Large  por- 
tions of  the  rest  of  the  building  have  been  altered  in  subsequent  repairs, 
and  seem  to  confirm  the  tradition  that  the  house  was  set  upon  in  the 
Civil  warsby  a  troopof  Parhamentarians  in  the  absence  of  the  owner, 
Sir  Jonn  Mallory,  who  from  his  zeal  in  the  Royal  cause,  must  indeed 
have  been  particularly  obnoxiou>  to  them.  Several  cannon  balls  and 
some  weapons  of  war  have  been  found  in  the  fields  around.  There  are 
also  some  remains  of  a  rampari  of  earth,  running  at  right  angles  on  the 
north  and  west  sides  of  the  garden,  which  may  have  formed  part  of  the 
agger  of  the  moat  to  the  original  structure.  The  mansion  is  shaded  by 
a  goodly  show  of  great  sycamores,  which  give  it  a  pleasing  air  of  so- 
lemnity, and  seem  still  to  assert  its  claim  to  a  rank  above  that  of  an 
ordinary  iarm  house. 

On  Oct.  25.  1458,  Archbishop  Booth  granted  an  oratory  for  three 
years  to  William  Mallory,  esq.,  Dionisia,  his  wife,  and  their  children 
{/^e£^.  204  a  )  which  privilege  was  renewed  to  them  for  the  same  period 
on  Nov.  17,  1467  Kf^eg. S7  a-)  This  was  ihe  beginning  of  the  Chapel  of 
the  Blessed  Virgin  at  Studley. 
The  will  of  Mr.  Mallory  is  preserved  at  York. 

"In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  Ego  Willelmus  Malliore  senior,  Armiger. 
Sepel  iendumin  eccles.  S.  Petri  Ripon  Coram  altare  B.  Mariae.  Op- 
timum animae  nomine  mortiiam.  Lego  Johannae  filiae  meae  dere  adititi- 
bus  de  Hoton  juxta  Ripon,  etOver  Dedinsall  c  marcas.  Ad  maritagi- 
um  Margaretae  filiae  mea  c.c.  marcas.  Volo  Henricus  Malliore,  Cristo- 
forus  Malliore,  Georgius  Malliore  et  Ricardus  Malliore,  filii  mei  habeant, 
terras,  protermino  vitae  suae,  ad  valieram  xl  marcarum,  in  villis  de  Lyn- 
ton  in  Craven,  Brompton,  Coppidhawk,  Grantley,  VVynkysley,  Wode- 
house,  and  Hytson  Flygham  in  com.  Westom,  quae  sunt  de  jure  &  he- 
reditate  Dionisiae  uxoris  mei  dicti  VVillelmi.  Do  et  lego  monasterio 
S.  Roberti  &  fratribus  suis  pro  uno  obitu  pro  anima  mea  VI  s.  VIII  d. 
Resdiuum  lego  Dionsiae  uxori  meae,  Cristofero  et  Johannae  sorori  ejus 
quos  facis  executoris.  Dat.  I  May  mcccclxii.  Prob.  25  Ap.  1475  {Reg. 
Test.  Ebor.  IV,  125. 

William*  Mallory  had  by  the  heiress  of  Tempest:  I.John*  (of  whom 
later),  II.  William;  III.  Thomas;  IV.  Christopher.  On  Jan.  15. 
14S5-6,  there  is  a  license  for  Chr.  Mallory  and  Isabel  Malthouse, 
of  Ripon,  to  be  married  in  the  Chapel  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  there, 
without  asking  the  bans.  (  Test.  EborWl,  350).  In  1473  a  Chr.  Mau- 
lore,  gent  became  a  member  of  the  Corpus  Christi  Guild  at  York, 
V.Richard.     In  1506-7  the  will  of  Richard   Mallory  was   proved  by 


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GENEALOGY.  219 

George  Mallory,  esq  ,  his  brother  and  executor  {Ripon  Chapter  Act 
Book.  329).  In  1475  a  Richard  Mallory,  gent,  became  a  member 
of  the  Corpus  Christi  Guild  at  York.  VI.  Henry,  VII.  Margaret, 
named  Sir  John  Constable,  of  Halsham,  Knight,  and  died  without 
issue.  In  1498  admon.  of  the  effects  of  Lady  Margaret  Constable 
was  granted  to  George  and  Richard  Mallory  {Reg.  Test.  Ebor.  III> 
333) :  VIII.  Jane;   IX.  Isabel;  X.  Elizabeth;  XI.  Joan;  XII.  Eleanor. 

Sir  John*  Mallory,  of  Studley,  and  Hutton  Conyers,  Knight,  the 
eldest  son  and  heir,  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Lawrence    Hamerton, 

of  Hamerton,  in  Craven,  (Yorkshire),  and  widow  of Radclifte,  of 

Lancanshire  ;  although  placed  by  the  herald,  Glover,  in  his  V^isitation, 
as  eldest  son  and  his  brother  William  as  second,  it  appears  doubtful 
whether  the  latter  was  not  in  reality  the  elder,  for  in  1475,  William  Mal- 
lory, son  and  heir  of  Sir  William  Mallory  and  Dionisia  Tempest,  held 
livery  of  half  the  manor  of  Washington  (Surtees  froui  Hot.  Booth,  anno 
18**),  and  that  he  also  died  without  issue,  whereby  the  inheritance  de- 
volved on  his  nephew,  Sir  William,  son  of  ^ir  John— for  in  I497,  Sir 
William  Mallory  had  license  to  giant  his  moiety  of  the  manor  and  the 
will,  tohU  son  William  Mallory  {Idem  from  Rot.  Fo.r  anno  3.) 

Sir  John  Mallory's  will  is  not  preserved  ;  but  it  is  evident  that  he  was 
the  founder  of  the  Chantry  of  St.  Wilfred,  in  Ripon  minister,  at  which 
were  commemorated  th^  souls  of  Sir  John  Mallory,  and  Elizabeth,  his 
wife,  Sir  William  Mallory,  and  Joan,  his  wife,  and  those  of  their  chil-  ♦ 
dren ;  Richard  Ratcliffe  and  Agnes,  his  wife,  Sir  Richard  Hamerton, 
and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  and  John  Holm.  Chaplain  ( Ripon  Chapter  Act* 
320-1. 

In  1535  among  the  disbursments  for  St.  Wilfred's  Chantry  there  is  a 
payment  of  200  for  theobit  of  Sir  John  Mallory,  KnL,  the  founder  ( Vator 
Eccl.  Henry  VIII.  V.  252.) 

The  Chantry  of  Sl  John,  the  Evangelist,  in  Ripon  Minister,  was  found- 
ed about  the  year  1487,  by  Eliz  widow  of  Sir  John  Mallory,  {Ripon 
Chapter  Acts,  282.) 

(TO    BE   CONTINUED.) 


THE  BRENT  FAMILY. 

Compiled  by  W.  B.  Chilton,  Washington,  D.  C 

(continued.) 

The  Brents  of  Kent. 


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220 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


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GENEALOGY.  223 


THE  BROOKE  FAMILY  OF  VIRGINIA. 

(By  Prof.  St.  George  Tucker  Brooke,  Morgantown,  W.  Va.) 

(continued) 

The  will  of  Robert  Brooke,  oldest  son  of  Robert  Brooke,  Jr.,  the 
Knight  of  the  Golden  Horse  Shoe.  See  this  Magazine  for  April,  1902, 
P-  436. 

January  the  28th,  Ann.  Dom.,  One  Thousand  Seven  Hundred  and 
Eighty  Five,  I  Robert  Brooke,  gentleman,  of  the  county  of  Essex,  and 
Parish  of  St  Ann's,  seriously  considering  the  uncertainty  of  human  life, 
and  being  desirous  of  disposing  of  my  worldly  affairs,  as  justice  and 
equily  seem  to  direct,  do,  while  in  perfect  health  and  memory,  God  be 
praised,  make  and  ordain,  this  my  last  will  and  testament,  in  manner 
and  form  following,  viz  :  (i) 

First,  I  most  humbly  recommend  my  soul  to  the  extensive  mercy  of 
that  eternal  supreme  intelligent  being  who  gave  it  me,  hoping  and  as- 
suredly believing,  through  the  merits  of  Jesus  Christ,  my  Savior,  to  be 
made  partaker  of  life  everlasting  ;  and  my  body  to  the  earth  whereof 
that  is  made.  Item,  I  give,  devise  and  bequeathe  to  my  son,  Humphrey 
Booth  Brooke  (2)  and  his  heirs  forever,  the  capital  messuage  wherein  1 
now  live,  and  all  other  houses  within  the  curtilage  of  the  same,  with 
one  moity  of  the  tract  of  land  whereon  1  now  live,  to  be  laid  off^  in  quan- 
tity and  quality,  so  as  the  other  moiety  may  partake  of  equal  advanta- 
ges and  benefits  with  the  same,  and  in  case  he  should  die  before  my- 
self; 1  give,  devise  and  bequeath  the  same  to  my  son,  Edmund  Brooke, 
and  his  heirs  forever.  Item.  1  give,  devise,  and  bequeath  to  my  son, 
Edmund  Brooke  (3)  and  his  heirs  the  reversion  of  the  m<?^suage,  or  tene- 
ment called  by  the  name  of  Newfoundland,  wherein  Mrs.  Lydia  Bush- 
rod  Brooke  (4)  now  lives,  by  virtue  of  a  settlement  of  the  same  for  her 
natural  life,  with  the  other  moiety  of  the  tract  of  land  whereon  I  now 
live,  to  be  laid  off  as  aforesaid  ;  and  if  he  should  die  before  myself,  to 
my  son,  Humphrey  Booth  Brooke,  in  such  manner  as  the  other  moiety 
is  above  limited,  to  be,  and  remain  to  my  son  Edmund  Brooke,  and 
his  heirs  forever.  1  give,  devise,  and  bequeath  to  each  of  my  daugh- 
ters, Mary  (5),  Catherine  (6),  Susannah  (7),  Sarah  (8).  and  Elizabeth 
Brooke  19),  after  my  debts  and  legacies  are  paid,  an  equal  portion  of 
my  slaves,  to  be  divided  by  commissioners,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Court  or  the  Executors  of  my  will.  Item.  I  give  and  beijueath  to  my 
grand-daughter  Anne  Pettitt  Brooke,  a  bracelet  of  three  gumeas  value. 
Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  the  residue  of  my  estate  of  every  kind  & 
nature  whatsoever,  to  be  equally  divided  between  my  sons  Humphrey 
and  Edmund  Brooke,  who  I  ordain  and  make  my  Executors.  And  do 
renounce  and  revoke  all  former  wills,  and  publish  this  to  be  my  last 
will  and  testament.     In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  put  my  hand, 


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224  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

this  day  and  year  first  above  written  by  me.     Interlined  before  publi- 
cation. R.  Brooke. 
Witness  to  the  publishing  hereot : 

John  Scrosby, 

Edward  Voss  ( lo). 

Edwards  Matthews. 

Merriday  Brown, 

John  Matthews. 

At  a  Court  held  for  Essex  County,  at  Tappahannock,  on  the  i8th  day 
of  January  1790,  this  last  will  and  testament  of  Robert  Brooke,  dec'd, 
being  presented  in  Court  by  Humphrey  Brooke  and  Edmund  Brooke, 
the  execu*^ors  herein  named,  and  was  proved  by  Merriday  Brown,  one 
of  the  witnesses  hereunto,  and  also  by  the  oath  of  the  said  executors, 
and  is  ordered  to  be  certified  ;  and  a  certificate  is  granted  to  the  said 
Humphrey  Brooke  and  Edmund  Brooke,  in  order  to  their  obtaining 
probate  hereof  in  due  form.  Test :       John  P.  Lee. 

And  at  a  Court  held  for  the  said  county  at  the  place  aforesaid  on  the 
20th  day  of  September  1790  this  last  will  and  testament  of  Robert 
Brooke  deceased  was  further  proved  by  the  oath  of  Edwards  Matthews, 
another  of  the  witnesses  thereto  and  ordered  to  be  recorded. 

Test :        John  P.  Lee,  D.  Clk. 

A  Copy,  Test :     A.  Southworth,  Clerk. 

Notes  to  the  Foregoing  Will. 
(i)  His  wife  was  Mary  Fauntleroy,  daughter  of  William  Fauntleroy,  of 
Richmond  County.     It  is  noteworthy  that  he  does  not  mention  her  in 
his  will  although  she  certainly  survived  him. 

(2)  Humphrey  Booth  Brooke,  like  his  father  and  grandfather, was  a  sur- 
veyor.    His  wife  was  Sally .     He  and  his  family  moved  from  Essex 

and  nothing  is  known  by  this  writer  of  this  Lost  Tribe  of  the  House  ol 
Brooke. 

(3)  Edmund  Brooke  married  Harriet  Whiting. 

(4)  She  w^s  the  widow  of  the  testator's  son,  Robert  Brooke  IV. 

(5)  Mary  married  Major  Daniel  Duval,  of  the  Revolutionary  Army 
and  of  Nailors  Hole,  Essex  ;  issue  Maria  Brooke  Duval,  married  Wil- 
liam French,  of  North  Carolina,  issue  James  Strother  Fiench. 

(6)  Catherine,  born  Feb.  14th,  1762,  died  October  23rd,  1821,  married 
Peter  Francisco,  b ?,  died  January  i6th,  1831  (date  of  marriage  un- 
known), of  the  Revolutionary  army  and  of  Buckingham  County  ;  issue, 
( i)  Susan  Brooke  Francisco,  married  Col.  Edward  Pescud  and  (2) 
Catherine  Brooke  Francisco  married  Dandridge  Spotswood,  3rd  son  of 
Capt.  John  Spots  wood,  of  "Orange  Grove,"  Orange  County,  Va.,  and 
of  his  wife  Sally,  daughter  of  Col.  John  Rowzie,  of  Essex. 

(Ill)  Peter  Francisco,  physician,  never  married. 

(TO    BE   CONTINTED.  ) 


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PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


"  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  New  Series.  Edited 
by  R.  A.  Brock,  Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society, 
(Seal)  Richmond,  Va.  Published  by  the  Society.''  Eleven  annual 
Yolumes,  uniform.  8vo.,  cloth,  issued  1882-92,  carefully  indexed,  as 
follows : 

The  Official  Letters  of  Alexander  Spotswood,  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
the  Colony  of  Virginia,  17 10- 1722.    Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  Volumes.    Portrait  ana  Arms,    pp  xxi-179  and  vii-568.  K  00 

The  Oflficial  Records  of  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the 
Colony  of  Virginia,  1751-1758.    Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.     Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes,   pp.  lxix-528  and  xviii-768.    Portraits,  facsimile  of  letters  of  presentation 
Iran  W.  W.  Corcoran,  cut  ot  Mace  of  Borough  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  reproduction  of  the 
Map  of  Virginia,  Maryland,  Delaware  and  Pennsylvania,  engraved  for  Jeflferson's  Notes 
•a  Virginia,  1787.  5  5 

Documents.  Chiefly  Unpublished,  Relating  to  the  Huguenot  Emigration 
to  Virginia  and  to  the  Settlement  at  Manakin  Town,  with  an  Appen- 
dix of  Genealogies,  presenting  data  of  the  Fontaine,  Maury,  Dupuy, 
Trabue,  Marye.  Chastaine,  Cocke  and  other  Families. 
Piqpes  xxi-247.    Contains /ac-xiMf/^  of  plan  of  "King  William's  Town."  t  hO 

Miscellaneous  Papers,  1 672-1865.  Now  first  printed  from  the  manuscript 
in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  Comprising 
Charter  of  the  Royal  African  Co.,  1672;  Report  on  the  Huguenot 
Settlement  1700;  Papers  of  George  Gilmer  of  "Pen  Park,"  1775-78; 
Orderly  Book  of  Capt.  George  Stubblefield,  1776;  Career  of  the 
Iron-clad  Virginia,  1862;  Memorial  of  Johnson's  Island,  1862-4;  Beale's 
Cav.  Brigade  Parole,  1865. 
Fages  viii-374.  2  50 

Abstract  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Company  of  London,  1619- 
1624,  Prepared  from  the  Records  in  the  Library  of  Congress  by 
Conway  Robinson,  with  an  introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  IL 
Two  volumes.     Pages  xlvii-aiS  and  300.    The  introduction  contains  a  valuable  critical 

mm!f  oa  the  sources  of  information  for  the  student  of  Virginia  History.  6  00 

The  History  of  the  Virginia  Federal  Convention  of  1788,  with  some  ac- 
count of  the  Eminent  Virginians  of  that  era  who  were  members  of 
the  Body,  by  Hugh   Blair  Grigsby.  LL.  D  ,  with  a    Biographical 
Sketch  of  the  Author  and  illustrative  notes.     Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes.    Pages  xxvii-37a  and  411.  ."i  00 

Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  at  the  Annual  Meeting 
held  December  21-22,  1891,  with  Historical  Papers  read  on  the  oc- 
casion and  others. 
Piqpes  xix-586.    Contains  papers  on  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence  and  the 
Can  for  the  First  Congress;    Historical  Elements  in  Virginia   Education  and   Literary 
Efibft ;  Notes  on  Recent  Work  in  Southern  History ;  Ancient  Epitaphs  and  Descriptions 
ia  York  and  James  City  Counties,  Washington's  First  Election  to  the  House  of  Burgesses: 
Sfliitbfield  Church,  built  In  1653,  Richmond's  First  Academy ;  FacU  from  the  Accomac 
Comity  Records,  Relating  to  Bacon's  Rebellion ;  Thomas  Hansford,  first  Martyr  to  Ameri- 
CSB  Uberty ;  Joamal  of  Captain  Charles  Lewis  in  Washington's  Expedition  against  the 
FtCBch  io  1755;  Orderly  Books  of  Major  Wm.  Heatl>    ''77,  and  Capt.  Robert  Gamble,  1779, 
lad  Memoir  of  General  John  Cropper.  r^  Of^WTp' 

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The  full  set  of  these  publications  can  be  obtained  for  $3 1 .00,  or  the  separate 
publications,  at  the  prices  named. 

CATALOGUE  OF  THE  MANUSCRIPTS  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society 
and  also  of  Some  Printed  Papers.  Compiled  by  order  of  the  Executive  Committee.  Supplement  to 
the  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,    Richmond :  Wm.  Ellis  Jones,  Printer.    1901. 

Paper,  120  pp.  Price,  |i.oo.  Sent  free  to  members  and  subscribers  on  receipt  of  10  cents'for  post* 
age,  &c. 

AN  ABRIDGMENT  OF  THE  LAWS  OF  VIRGINIA.  Compiled  in  1694.  From  the  origina 
manuscripts  in  the  collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.    80  pp.,  paper.    Richmond,  190^ 

An  edition  of  300  copies,  reprinted  from  the  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography.  Price, 
li.oo. 

Discount  allowed  to  booksellers. 

Virginia  Magazhje  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  Edited  to  October 
I  St,  1898,  by  Philip  A.  Bruce,  and  since  that  date  by  William  G.  Stanard, 
Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society,  (Seal).  Pub- 
lished Quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  Richmond,  Va. 
House  of  the  Society,  No.  707  East  Franklin  St. 

Volume  I — Octavo,  pp.  484-viii-xxvi-xxxii. 

Contains  cut  of  the  Society's  Building,  accounts  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of 
the  Society  for  the  year  1893,  and  many  exceedingly  valuable,  original  historical  docnments 
and  papers  which  have  never  before  appeared  in  print.  Among  others  may  be  mentioned, 
Discourse  of  the  London  Company  on  its  administration  of  Virginia  affairs,  1607-1624; 
Abstracts  of  Colonial  Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  beginning  in  1624, 
with  full  genealogical  notes  and  an  extended  Genealogy  of  the  Claiborne  Family ;  The 
Mutiny  in  Virginia  in  1635 ;  Samuel  Matthew's  Letter  and  Sir  John  Harvey's  Declaration ; 
Speech  of  Governor  Berkeley  and  Declaration  of  the  Assembly  with  reference  to  the  change 
of  Government  in  England  and  the  passage  of  the  First  Navigation  Act  of  1651 ;  Petition 
of  the  Planters  of  Virginia  and  Maryland  in  opposition  to  the  Navigation  Act  of  1661 
Bacon's  Rebellion,  1676;  His  three  proclamations,  Letters  of  Sherwood  and  Ludwell,  Pro- 
posals of  Smith  and  Ludwell,  and  Thomas  Bacon's  Petition  ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh 
(1650-1701),  a  Leading  Lawyer  and  Planter  of  Virgmia,  with  a  genenlogical  account  of  the 
Fitzhughs  in  England  ;  Lists  of  Public  Officers  in  the  various  Counties  in  Virginia  late  in 
the  17th  and  early  in  the  i8th  centuries ;  Roster  of  Soldiers  in  the  French  and  Indian  Wan 
under  Colonel  Washington ;  Officers,  Seamen  and  Marines  in  the  Virginia  Navy  of  the 
Revolution  ;  Roll  of  the  4th  Virginia  Regiment  in  the  Revolution ;  Diary  of  Captain  John 
Davis  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  in  the  Yorktown  Campaign ;  General  George  Rc^^er* 
Clark, — Roll  of  the  Illinois  and  Crockett's  Regiments  and  the  Expedition  to  Vincennet ; 
Department  of  "  Historical  Notes  and  Queries."  containing  contributions  by  Hon.  Wm. 
Wirt  Henry,  and  many  other  items  of  value ;  Department  of  "  Book  Reviews ; "  A  full 
Index.  S  M 

Volume  II— Octavo,  pp.  482-ii-xxiv. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of  the  Society  for  the 
year  1894,  and  the  following  list  of  articles  copied  from  the  original  documents :  Report 
of  Governor  and  Council  on  the  Ccmdition  of  Affairs  in  Virginia  in  i6a6 ;  Abstracts  of  Col- 
onial Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  with  full  genealogical  notes  and 
extended  enealofiries  of  the  Fleet.  Robins  and  Thoroughgood  Families ;  ReporU  of  Griev- 
ances by  the  Counties  of  Virginia  after  the  suppression  of  Bacon's  Insurrection ;  A  full  his- 
tory of  the  First  Legislative  Assembly  ever  held  in  America  (that  in  1619  at  Jamestown), 
written  by  Hon.  Wm.  Wirt  Henry ;  The  concluding  list  of  Virgmia  Soldiers  engaged  in 
the  French  and  Indian  Wars ;  The  opening  lists  of  the  Virginia  Officers  and  Men  in  the 
Continental  Line,  compiled  from  official  sources ;  A  valuable  account  of  the  Indian  Wan 
in  Augusta  County,  by  Mr.  Joseph  A.  Waddetl,  with  the  lists  of  the  killed  and  wounded  ; 
Instructions  to  Governor  Yeardley  in  1618  and  1626,  and  to  Governor  Berkeley  in  1641 ;  Let- 
ters of  William  Fitzhugh  continued,  with  full  genealogical  notes;  The  Will  of  William 
Fitzhugh;  A  completr  List  of  Public  Officers  in  Virginia  in  170a  and  1714;  Valuable  ac- 
count of  Horse  Racing  in  Virginia,  by  Mr.  Wm.  G.  Stanard ;  The  first  instalment  of  an 
article  on  Robert  Beverley  and  his  Descendants ;  Wills  of  Richard  Kemp  and  Rev.  John 
Lawrence,  both  bearing  the  date  of  the  17th  century;  Short  Biographies  of  all  the  memhert 
of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  who  died  in  the  course  of  1894;  An  elaborate  Genealogy 
of  the  Floumoy  Family,  throwing  light  on  the  Huguenot  Emigration ;  Department  of  His- 


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8 

torical  Notes  and  Queries,  containing  many  valuable  short  historical  papers  and  also  Gene- 
mtogical  contributions,  among  which  the  Carr  and  Landon  Genealogies  are  of  special 
interest ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  criiical  articles  by  well  known  historical 
scholars.    Volume  il,  like  Volume  I,  has  been  thoroughly  indexed.  5  00 

VoLUMB  III— Octavo,  pp.  460-ii-xxviii. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Society  for  the  year  1895,  and  the  follow- 
ing list  of  articles  copied  from  original  documents :  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  con- 
tinued; Instructions  to  Berkeley,  1662;  Virginia  under  Governors  Harvey  and  Gooch; 
Causes  of  Discontent  leading  to  the  Insurrection  of  1666  under  Bacon ;  Will  of  Benjamin 
Harrison  the  Elder;  Culpeper's  Report  on  Virginia  in  1683;  Defense  of  Col.  Edward  Hill ; 
A  series  of  Colonial  letters  written  by  William  Byrd,  Jr.,  Thomas  Ludwell,  Robert  Carter, 
Richard  Lee,  and  Sir  John  Randolph ;  Decisions  of  the  General  Court  of  Virginia,  1626- 
i6a8,  first  instalment ;  Indictment  of  Governor  Nicholson  by  the  leading  members  of  his 
Council;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents,  extending  to  1635,  with  full  genealogical 
notes;  A  History  of  Roberi  Beverley  and  his  Descendants,  with  interesting  Wills  and  new 
matter  obtained  from  England ;  Genealogies  of  the  Floumoy,  Cocke,  Carr,  Todd  and  Chap- 
pell  Families ;  Voluminous  Historical  Notes  and  Queries  of  extraordinary  original  value, 
relating  to  a  great  variety  of  subjects ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  articles 
£nmi  the  pens  of  well  known  historical  scholars.  Volume  III,  like  the  preceding  Volumes, 
has  a  full  index.  fi  00 

VoLUMB  IV— Octavo,  pp  492-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  Contents :  A  Marriage  Agreement  between  John 
Cnstis  and  his  wife ;  A  Perswasive  to  Tovms  and  Cohabitation  by  Rev.  Francis  Mackemie 
1705;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents  for  1635-6;  Army  Supplies  in  the  Revolution, 
Series  of  original  letters  by  Judge  Innes;  Attacks  by  the  Dutch  on  Virginia  Fleet,  1667  ; 
Boondary  Line  Proceedings,  for  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  1710;  Charges  against  Spots- 
wood  by  House  of  Burgess  17 19 ;  Council  Proceedings.  1716-1717;  Decisions  of  Virginia 
General  Court,  1626-38  Continued  ;  Defence  of  Colonel  Edward  Hill  Continued  Depositions 
of  Revolutionary  Soldiers  from  County  records ;  Early  Spotsylvania  Marriage  Licenses: 
Genealogy— Cocke,  Floumoy,  Trabue,  Jones,  and  Rootes  Families ;  Historical  Notes  and 
Queries ;  A  full  list  of  House  of  Burgesses,  1766  to  1775;  Instructions  to  Governor  Francis 
Nicliolson :  Letter  and  Proclamation  of  Argall ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ;  Narrative  of 
Bacon's  Rebellion  by  the  English  Commissioners ;  full  abstracts  of  Northampton  County 
Records  in  17th  Century ;  Ordeal  of  Touch  in  Colonial  Virginia  :  Patent  of  Auditor  and 
Sorveyor-General ;  Prince  George  County  Records  with  much  information  as  to  its  families ; 
Proceedings  of  Visitors  of  William  and  Mary  College,  1716;  A  list  of  Shareholders  in  Lon- 
don Company,  1783 ;  also  of  Slave  Owners  in  Spotsylvania  County,  1783 ;  Virginia  Tobacco 
in  Russia  in  17th  Century.    Volume  IV  has  a  full  index.  6  00 

VoLUMB  V— OcUvo,  pp.  472-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  ContenU:  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patenu, 
1636;  and  Patents  and  Grants,  1769;  Rappahannock  and  Isle  of  Wight  Wills,  17th  Century  ; 
Government  of  Virginia,  1666 ;  Bacon's  Men  in  Surry ;  and  List  of  Persons  Suffering  by  the 
R^Mllion;  Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  1710;  Carier  Papers;  Case  of  Anthony  Penton; 
Colonial  and  Revolutionary  Letters,  Miscellaneous ;  Early  Episcopacy  in  Accomac ;  Depo- 
sitions of  Continental  Soldiers;  Families  of  Lower  Norfolk  and  Princess  Anne  Counties; 
Genealogy  of  the  Cocke,  Godwin,  Walke,  Moseley,  Markham,  Carr,  Hughes,  Winston, 
Calvert,  Parker  and  Brock enbrough  Families;  General  Court  Decisions,  1640, 1641,  1666; 
Memoranda  Relating  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  1685-91 ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell  in  Yam- 
msttrr  War;  Letters  of  Lafayette  in  Yorktown  Campaign ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh ; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams,  1769-71 ;  Public  Officers,  1781 ;  Northampton  County  Records, 
17th  Century ;  List,  Oath  and  Duties  of  Viewers  of  Tobacco  Crop,  1639 ;  Petition  of  John 
Mercer  Respecting  Marboro  Town;  Price  Lists  and  Diary  of  Colonel  Fleming,  1788-98; 
Abstract  of  Title  to  Greenspring ;  Tithables  of  Lancaster  Coun  y,  17th  Century ;  The  Me- 
herrin  Indians:  The  Trial  of  Criminal  Cases  in  i8th  Century.    Volume  V  has  a  full  index  6  00 

VoLUMB  VI— OcUvo,  pp.  4/3-iv-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents:  The  Acadians  in  Virginia; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell ;  Vindication  of  Sir  William  Berk- 
eley ;  Will  of  Mrs.  Mary  Willing  Byrd ;  Inventory  of  Robert  Carter ;  Virginia  Society  of 
the  Cincinnati ;  Epitaphs  at  Brandon ;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Jacobitism  in 
Virgtnla ;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents ;  Letters  of  Lafayette ;  A  New  Clue  to  the 
Lee  Ancestry  i  Letters  of  General  Henry  Lee ;  Sir  Thomas  Smythe's  Reply  to  Bargrave ; 
Yirginim  in  1623,  i622-4,  and  1771 ;  Virginia  Borrowing  from  Spain ;  The  Virginia  Company 
and  the  House  of  Commons ;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution ;  Washington's  Capitu- 
lation at  Fort  Necessity;  Election  of  Washington  (Poll  List),  1758;  Burning  of  William 
and  Mary  College,  1705;  Reminiscences  of  Western  Virginia,  1770-90,  &c.,  &c.,  &c.,  with 
tallfaidex  6  00 


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CAPITAL, $400,000 

SURPLUS,        ......        $100,000 

WM.  H.  PALMER,  President.  E.  B.  ADDISON.  Vice-President. 

«p.i905-iyr.  J.  W.  SINTON,  Cashier. 

Capital,  $200,000.00.  Surplus,  $700,000.00. 

Deposits.  $4,000,000.00. 

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JOHH  P.  BRANCH.  President.  J.  R.  PERDUE,  Asst.  Cashier. 

JOHN  KERR  BRANCH.  Vice-Prest.  THOS.  B.  McADAMS,  Asst.  Cashier. 

JOHN  F.  GLENN.  Cashier.  GEO.  H.  KEESEE,  Asst.  Cashier. 

oct.i904-iyr. 

Medical  College  of  "Virginia, 

BSTABLI8HKD  1888. 

DEPARTMENTS  OF  MEDICINE.  DENTISTRY  ft  PHARMACY 

THE  SIXTY-EIGHTH  SESSION  WILL 
COMMENCE     SEPTEMBER    26,    1905 

Excellent  Theoretical  Course  with  Thorough  Practical  and 
Clinical  Instniction  in  the  Memorial  Hospital,  City  Free 
Dispensary,  and  New  and  Well-Eqipped  Laboratories,  all 
under  the  exclusive  control  of  the  College,  together  with 
the  State  Penitentiary  Hospital,  City  Almshouse  and  other 
Public  Institutions. 

FOR   CATALOGUE,  ADDRESS 

CHRISTOPHER    TOMPKINS,    M.    D.,  Dean. 
326  College  Street,  Richmond,  Va. 

»pl.<ftjy.05. 

FENLAND  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 

Edited  by  REV.  W.  D.  SWEETING.  M.A.. 
Holy  Trinity  Vicarage.  Rotherhithe.  London,  S.  E. 
A  Quarterly  Journal  devoted  to  the  Antiquities,  Geology,  Natural 
Features,  Parochial  Records,  Family  History.  Legends  and  Traditions, 
Folk  Lore,  Curious  Customs,  etc..  of  the  Fenland,  in  the  Counties  of 
Huntingdon,  Cambridge.  Lincoln,  Northampton.  Norfolk  and  Suffolk. 
Price  IS.  6d.  per  quarter,  by  post,  is.  8d.  A  year's  subscription,  if  paid  in 
advance,  6s  — post  free.  Vols.  I,  II,  III  and  IV  now  ready,  neatly  bound, 
leather  back,  cloth  sides,  g^lt  top,  lettered,  15s.  each. 

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with  a  dollar  I  Why  don't  you  b^n 
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fortune's  ladder  by  laying  away  a 
dollar  in  the  safe  coffers  of  our  Bank 
and  let  it  be  a  magnet  to  draw  more 
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Our  *' banking-by-mail"  system 
is  a  convenience  to  many.  Drop  us 
a  postal.  We  shall  be  glad  to  tell 
you  about  it. 

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Capital,  Surplus  and  Profits. 

$1,135,000.00. 


ANTIQUES. 

J".    IP.    Bia-C3-S, 

5/5  EAST  MAIN  STREET,         -  RICHMOND,  VA. 

Largest  collection  of  Original  Old  Pieces  in  the  State.  Antique 
Furniture,  Old  Brass,  Cut  Glass,  Copper  Plate,  Old  China,  Engravings, 
Paintings,  etc.  Special  attention  given  to  packing  all  goods  sent  out 
of  the  City.  apl.05-lyr. 

OUR  ANCESTORS. 


THE   HISTORY  OF  FAMILIES   OF  PITTSYL- 
VANIA COUNTY,  VIRGINIA. 


Pittsylvania  County  is  the  largest  county  in  the  State  of  Virginia, 
and  was  once  even  larger,  embracing  the  territory  now  known  as  the 
counties  of  Patrick  and  Henry.  Being  incorporated  in  1767,  Pittsyl- 
vania has  had  an  interesting  history  of  its  own  for  138  years,  covering 
the  turbulent  times  of  the  Revolution. 

The  records  and  will  books  of  the  county  are  very  complete  and 
thorough,  and  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservation,  giving  a  list  of  all  offi- 
cers in  the  early  magisterial  courts;  many  rosters  of  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  Revolution  and  Civil  Wars  and  numbers  of  declarations  of  the 
Revolutionary  soldiers. 

From  this  county  have  gone  many  pioneers  of  iron  nerve,  who 
settled  the  vast  South  and  West,  and  the  descendants  of  these  men 
would  find  the  records  of  this  county  of  untold  interest. 

I  am  in  a  position  to  furnish  copies  of  and  data  from  these  records 
at  a  nominal  price,  and  would  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  any  one 
desiring  information  concerning  them. 

Mrs.  NATHANIEL  E.  CLEMENT, 
Member  of  Virginia  Historical  Society, 

Chatham,  Pittsylvania  County,  Va. 


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OUT«OF»PRIJirT  Books,  not  in  stock,  sought 
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This  department  has  the  personal  attention  of  our 
Mr.  J.  j.  English,  Jr.,  formerly  with  Randolph  & 
English.  Mr.  English  has  had  forty  years*  experience 
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and  at  reasonable  prices,  any  books  needed. 

Correspondence  and  lists  of  books  solicited  from 
collectors  everywhere. 

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The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biograpiiy. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  which  is  issued 
quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Socieiy,  will  accept  for  publica- 
tion a  limited  number  of  advertisements  of  a  suitable  character. 

The  special  attention  of  Schools.  Colleges  and  Booksellers  are 
called  to  these  rates. 

The  edition  of  the  Magazine  is  1,200  copies,  and  its  circulation  is 
constantly  increasing  among  foreign  and  American  scholars. 

Those  who  have  old    books,  pamphlets,  antique  furniture,  curios, 

etc.,  for  sale  will  find  it  of  advantage  to  avail  themselves  of  this  medium 

of  advertising  them. 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD,  Editor, 

707  E.  Franklin^  Richmond,  Va. 


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RICHMOND,  VIRGINIA. 


CAPITAL,         -        -        -        -        $500,000 
SURPLUS  &  PROFITS,       -        $270,000 


JOHN  S.  ELLETT.  President,  WM.  M.  HILL,  Cashier. 

JULIEN  H.  HILL,  As^t  Cashier. 


Z>IRSOTOXiS. 


J.  M.  Fourqurean,  Alexander  Cameron,  Jno.  S.  EUett, 

James  D.  Crump,  Wm.  M^  Hill.  Granville  G.  Valentine, 

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(Paid  in  Capital _ „.t8eo,(IOO.OO> 

CAPmL|^-ed^8urgue^.^^..... ,.^  ».«}  ♦1.1^0,000.00 

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Loans 4,500,000.00 

Total  Bosoorees 6,500,000.00 

This  is  the  largest  Bank  in  Vii^nia,  and  by  reason  of  its  large  volume 
of  business  and  favorable  connections  North,  South,  East  and  West,  ex- 
tends facilities  at  rates  which  smaller  Banks  can  not  afford.  The  expense 
of  handling  a  large,  well  systematized  business  is  also  less  in  proportion  than 
that  of  a  smaller  institution. 

The  First  National  Bank,  in  addition  to  the  large  business  of  its  Rich- 
mond patrons,  handles^  BY  MAIL,  hundreds  of  accounts  for  Merchants, 
Manufacturers,  Corporations,  Individuals  and  Banks  throughout  Virginia, 
West  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina  and  Georgia. 

We  invite  personal  interviews  or  correspondence  from  prospective 
patrons. 

John  B.  Purcbll,  President. 

John  M.  Miller,  Jr.,  Vice-President  and  Cashier. 
Chas.  R.  Burnett,  Assistant  Cashier. 

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The  Virginia  Historical  Society. 


^[tcnbcTs  arc  requesled  to  solicit  contribudoDs  of  books,  maps,  pof  • 
tratts,  and  manuscriptii  of  historical  value  or  iniportanoe*  particularly 
fiiicii  as  may  throw  light  upon  the  political^  social  i^  rdigious  life  of 
tbe  people  of  VlrjfiEita. 

The  Society  will  become  the  custodian  of  sittch  artides  of  this  char* 
acter  aa  the  possessors  loay  from  aoy  cause  be  uowilli0g  to  give,  aod 
ill  the  case  of  family  papers  or  other  manuscripts  w!iich  it  may  be 
undesirable  to  publish,  it  will,  upon  requestt  keep  tJiem  cofi^dential^ 

•^A  large  ^rr  pr&of  safe  has  been  scctircd  and  placed  \n  the 
Socie(y*s  baildmg,  m  which  all  Diaouscripts  and  papers  of  value  are 
carefully  preserved  by  the  Ltbrar^ao. 

In  the  vici^tude:!  of  war,  and  the  repeated  removals  to  vbicb  the 
Society 's  Library  has  been  subfccted,  many  voltimes  have  been  lost 
and  the  sets  broken.  Odd  volumes  lirom  tbe  coUectioas  of  its  mem- 
bers and  well'  wishers  will  therefore  be  gratefully  received. 

It  i$  especially  dcmmble  to  secure  as  complete  a  collectton  as  possi- 
ble of  early  Virginia  newspapet^f  periodicab  and  aUroanacs, 

Any  book  or  pamphlet  wriuen  by  a  native  or  resident  of  Virginia, 
published  or  printed  in  Vin^nia,  or  in  any  way  relating  to  Virginb 
or  Virginians,  will  be  accepted  and  preserved. 

The  Sacufy  re^uesis  gifts  ofpk^i&gra^A^  (ca^mei  liMe)  pf^idpcr^ 
iraiii  Qf  Virgiidm^^  or  ph^&grafiks,  drmtnm^t  &c,,  tf/  €0^  &f 
Anm  ^  Virginia  famiiiis.  A/^ums  ka^t  been  provided  and  an  in* 
iertsiing  €0ik€Han  has  ainady  bten,  modi* 


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THE 


VIRGINIA  MAGAZINE 


OF 


HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


PUBLISHED  QUARTERLY  BY  THE 

VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY, 

RICHMOND,  VA. 


VOL.  XIII— No.  a.         JANUARY.  10O6. 


Entered  at  the  Postoffice  at  Richmond,  Va.,  as  Second-class  Matter. 


WM.  ELLIS  JONES.  PRINTER,  Digitized  by  GoOglc 


iao7  E.  Franklin  St. 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE. 


ARCHER  ANDERSON,       CHAS.  V.  MEREDITH, 
E.  W.  JAMES.  E.  V.  VALENTINE, 

Rev.  W.  MEADE  CLARK. 


EDITOR  OF  THE   MAGAZINE, 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


CONTENTS. 

1.  A  Treaty  Between  Virginia  and  the  Catawbas 

and  Cherokees,  1756 225 

2.  The  Vestry  Book  of  King  William  Parish,  Va., 

1707-1750 265 

3.  The   Early   Westward   Movement  of  Virginia, 

1722-1734 281 

4.  Commission  to  Governor  Yeardley  and  Council, 

March  14,  1^25-6 298 

5.  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England 303 

6.  Carriage  Owners,  Gloucester  County,  1784 313 

7.  Hungars  Church,  Northampton  County,  Va 315 

8.  Genealogy 318 

The  Brent  and  Mallory  Families. 

9.  Book  Reviews 329 


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THE 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND   BJOGIIAPHY. 


Vol.  XIII.  JANUARY,  1906.  No.  3. 


A  TREATY 

Between  Virginia  and  the  Catawbas  and 
Cherokees,  1756. 


[In  the  collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  is  a  pamph- 
let (S^xiof^  inches)  containing  25  pages,  which  was  printed  in 
Williamsburg  in  1756,  and  which  contains  accounts  of  treaties 
made  in  that  year  with  the  Catawba  and  Cherokee  Indians.  A 
reduced  fac  simile  of  the  title  page  of  this  rare  work  is  given  on 
the  next  page. 

This,  which  is  stated  to  be  an  official  publication,  gives  an 
introductory  account,  Governor  Dinwiddle's  letter  to  the  com- 
missioners, their  commission  and  "instructions,  his  speeches  to 
the  two  tribes,  the  proceedings  and  texts  of  the  two  treaties, 
the  Governor's  message  to  the  House  of  Burgesses  and  the  res- 
olution adopted  by  that  body.  All  of  these  are  copied  here  in 
full,  for  though  the  Governor's  speeches  and  instructions  are 
printed  in  the  Official  Records  of  Robert  Dinwiddle^  (Virginia 
Historical  Society  Collections),  II.  298-305.  it  is  not  deemed 
proper  to  break  the  continuity  of  this  record  by  omitting  them 
here. 

The  sole  object  of  the  treaty  was,  of  course,  to  secure  the  aid 
of  the  two  nations  of  Indians  against  the  French.] 


*  Commonly  cited  as  the  Dinwiddle  Papers. 


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TREATY 

HELD    WITH    THE 

CJTATTBA  and  CHEROKEE  INDIANS, 

AT    THE 

Catawba-Town    <7/;// Bro  a  d-Ri  ve  R, 

IN    THE 

Months  of  February  and  March  1756. 

By  Virtue  of  a  Commlflion  granted  by  the  Honorable 
ROBERT  DINWIDDIE,  Efquire,  HisMajefty'* 
Lieutenant-Governor,  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Colony 
and  Dominion  of  V  I  R  G  I  N  I  A,  to  the  Honorable 
Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Efquires,  Members  of 
His  Majefty's  Council  of  the  (aid  Colony. 

Publijhed  by  Order  0/  /-fe  G  O  V  E  R  N  O  R. 


•WILLIAMSBURG:  Printed  by  W. Hunter.    Kdcclvi. 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  227 


INTRODUCTION. 

His  Honor  the  Governor*  having  received  several  undoubted 
Assurances  of  the  sincere  and  hearty  Dispositions  of  the  Cataw- 
bat  and  CherokeeJ  Indians  towards  His  Britannic  Majesty's  Sub- 
jects in  general,  and  this  Colony  in  particular,  and  considered 
the  great  Importance  of  securing  those  warlike  Nations  to  our 

*  From  the  beginning  of  his  administration  Governor  Dinwiddie 
realized  the  necessity  of  retaining  the  friendship  and  securing  the  active 
assistance  of  the  Southern  Indians.  The  Dinwiddie  Papers  contains  a 
great  amount  of  information  in  regard  to  his  negotiations  with  them, 
and  the  relations  of  the  Cherokees  and  Catawbas  to  the  colonies  in 
general  and  to  Virginia  in  particular. 

In  February,  1754,  Abraham  Smith,  an  interpreter  and  militia  officer 
of  Augusta  county  (for  whom  see  Boogher's  Gleanings  of  Virginia 
History,  p.  333,  &c.),  went  on  a  mission  from  the  Governor  to  the  Chero- 
kees and  Catawbas,  asking  that  a  force  be  sent  to  join  General  Braddock 
(Dinwiddie  Papers,  I,  60,  6r,  99,  &c.),  and  Governor  Glen,  of  South 
Carolina,  was  also  asked  to  use  his  influence  with  them.  The  Indians 
promised  aid,  but  did  not  keep  their  promise.  Dinwiddie  accounted 
for  this  failure  by  the  presence  of  French  emisaries  among  the  Chero- 
kees, and  by  the  fact  that  Governor  Glen  was  negotiating  with  their 
chiefs  for  a  meeting  with  himself. 

t  The  Catawbas  occupying  the  country  between  the  Yadkin  and 
Catawba  rivers,  on  each  side  of  the  boundary  line  between  North  and 
South  Carolina,  numbered  at  this  time  only  about  400  warriors,  and 
even  this  number  was  composed  of  the  remnants  of  more  than  twenty 
different  tribes.  The  Catawbas,  who  could  muster  1,500  warriors  in 
1682,  had  been  reduced  by  disease  (small-pox  chiefly)  and  constant  and 
bitter  warfare  with  the  Iroquois,  Cherokees,  Shawneseand  other  nations, 
to  but  a  small  and  feeble  tribe.  Peace  had  been  made  some  time  be- 
fore with  the  Cherokees,  and  the  Broad  river  fixed  as  the  boundary  of 
the  two  tribes  (Mooney's  Siouan  Tribes  of  the  East,  p.  69),  and  the 
struggle  with  the  Iroquois  was  ended  by  the  conference  at  Albany  in 
175 1  ;  but  the  Western  tribes  still  continued  their  attacks. 

The  principal  village  of  the  Catawbas  was  on  the  western  side  of  the 
Catawba  river,  in  what  is  now  York  county,  S.  C,  opposite  the  mouth 
of  Sugar  creek.  This  was  probably  the  **  Catawba  Town  "  of  the  treaty. 
The  tribe  remained  steadfast  friends  to  the  English  colonists. 

For  the  Catawbas,  see  Siouan  Tribes  of  the  East,  by  James  Mooney, 
Bureau  of  Ethnology,  Washington.  1894,  pp.  67-74. 
X  The  great  nation  of  the  Cherokees  had  at  one  time,  it  was  supposed. 


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228  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Interest  at  this  perilous  Juncture,  when  the  French  are  laboring 
to  seduce  them  from  their  Fidelity  to  us.  was  pleased  to  propose 
in  Council  the  sixth  of  November  last,  That  proper  Commission- 
ers should  be  sent  as  soon  as  possible  to  those  Indians  with  an 
handsome  Present,  and  to  conclude  a  firm  and  permanent  League 
with  them.  Whereupon  the  Council  seeing  that  no  better  Use 
could  be  made  of  Part  of  the  Money  His  Majesty  had  been  gra- 
ciously pleased  to  advance  and  send  to  his  Honor  for  the  gene- 
ral Service,  unanimously  agreed  thereto.  And  Peter  Randolph 
and  William  Byrd,  Esquires,  being  nominated  and  approved  of 
as  Gentlemen  perfectly  well  qualified  to  conduct  and  carry  into 
Execution  the  proposed  Treaties  ;  they,  in  Consequence  thereof 
having  received  his  Honor's  Letter,  with  his  Commission,  and 
Instructions,  and  Speeches  to  the  Chiefs  of  the  said  Nations, 
started  immediately  on  their  Journey,  and  concluded  the  Trea- 
ties and  Engagements,  which  are  presented  to  the  Public  in  the 
following  pages. 

A  Letter  from  the  Governor  to  Peter  Randolph*  and 
William  BYRD,t  Esquires. 

Williamsburg,  December  23d,  1755. 
Gentlemen 

*'  Inclosed  you  have  your  Commission,  my  two  Speeches  to 

been  able  to  raise  6,000  warriors,  but  in  1738  the  small-pox  reduced 
their  numbers  one-half  within  a  single  year.  About  1756  it  was  believed 
that  their  warriors  numbered  about  2,300.  They  were  "settled  nearly 
in  an  east  and  west  course,  about  140  miles  in  length  from  the  lower 
towns  where  Fort  Prince  George  stands,  to  the  late  unfortunate  Fort 
Loudon,"  on  the  Tennessee  river,  about  thirty  miles  above  the  site  of 
Knoxville,  and  claimed  a  wide  extent  of  territory  in  South-west  Vir- 
ginia, the  present  West  Virginia,  Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  See  The 
Cherokee  Nation  of  Indians,  by  ChaHes  C.  Royce,  Fifth  Annual  Report 
of  the  Bureau  of  Ethnology.  Mr.  Royce  appears,  however,  not  to  have 
read  the  Dinwiddie  Papers,  to  have  been  ignorant  of  the  treaty  here 
printed,  and  is  entirely.mistaken  when  he  says  (p.  145)  that  Fort  Loudon 
was  built  by  South  Carolina. 

*  Col.  Peter  Randolph,  of  **  Chats  worth,"  Henrico  county,  Virginia, 
was  a  son  of  William  Randolph,  of  '*  Turkey  Island."  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  House  of  Burgesses  for  Henrico  in  1749,  a"d  was  appointed 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  229 

the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees,  with  some  Instructions  for  you 
which  are  but  short,  as  I  have  a  great  Dependence  on  your 
known  Capacity  and  Understanding  ;  I  think  proper  to  give  you 
a  few  Hints  which  may  be  of  Service  in  your  Negotiations  with 
those  People. — You  will  first  meet  with  the  King  and  great  Men 
of  the  Catawbas  ;  after  the  Council  is  met  and  Ceremonies  o 
Reception  over,  you.  are  first  to  read  your  Commission,  after 
that  (as  the  Custom  of  the  Indians  is)  you  are  to  tell  them  their 
Brother,  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  is  going  to  speak  to  them  : 
then  read  my  Speech  ;  as  they  are  tedious  in  their  Councils  they 
probably  will  require  some  Time  to  answer  it.  You  are  to  take 
all  possible  Care  to  convince  them  of  our  Regard  and  Love  for 
them  ;  let  your  Treaty  with  them  be  offensive  and  defensive, 
which  must  be  committed  to  Writing,  and  signed  by  all  the  Chiefs 
present,  and  the  Counter- Part  by  you  in  Behalf  of  this  Colony. 
Endeavour  to  get  them  to  mention  the  Number  of  Warriors  they 
may  agree  to  supply  us  with,  and  the  Place  they  will  march  them 
into  our  Country,  when  we  may  have  Occasion  for  their  Assis- 
tance, and  by  what  Message  we  are  to  give  them  Notice  to  come 
in  to  join  our  Forces,  that  we  may  provide  for  their  Reception. 
If  they  should  intimate  any  Expectations  of  being  paid  for  the 


to  the  Council  in  1750;  was  County-Lieutenant  of  Henrico,  and  was 
Surveyor-General  of  the  Customs  for  the  Middle  District  of  North 
America.  He  married  Lucy,  daughter  of  Robert  Boiling,  of  "Boiling- 
brook,"  and  died  in  1767.  One  of  his  sons,  Beverley  Randolph,  was 
Governor  of  Virginia,  1788-91  ;  another,  Robert  Randolph,  of**Eastem 
View,"  Fautiuier  county,  was  a  Captain  of  Cavalry  in  the  Revolution, 
and  was  ancestor  of  the  Rt.  Rev.  A.  M.  Randolph.  Bishop  of  ihe  Diocese 
of  Southern  V^irginia,  and  a  daughter.  Anne,  who  married  William 
Fttzhugh,  of"  Chatham,"  was  ancestor  of  Mrs.  General  R.  K.  Lee.  Col. 
Peter  Randolph's  will  is  given  in  VV^aters's  G  leant  figs,  I,  513-514. 

t  Col.  William  Byrd,  of  "Westover,"  third  of  the  name,  was  the  only  son 
of  the  well-known  founder  of  Richmond,  and  author  of  the  "Weslover 
Manuscripts."  He  inherited  the  greatest  estate  in  Virginia,  but  wasted 
most  of  it.  In  his  will  (which  was  printed  in  this  magazine  IX,  80)  he 
bitterly  repents  his  folly.  He  was  appointed  to  the  Council  in  1754, 
was  Colonel  of  the  Second  Virginia  Regiment  in  the  P'rench  and  Indian 
War.  During  the  Revolutionary  struggle  hissxmpaihy  was  with  Eng- 
land, though  he  took  no  active  part,  on  account  of  failing  health.  He 
died  at   '  Westover,"  January  ist,  1777,  aged  48. 


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230  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Men  they  may  send  in  to  our  Assistance,  you  may  come  into  such 
Terms  as  you  may  think  reasonable  ;  but  if  they  do  not  mention 
any  Thing  of  that  Nature,  you  may  assure  them  of  being  prop- 
erly taken  Care  of. — Do  all  you  can  to  raise  their  Resentment 
against  the  French  and  their  Indians,  and  that  they  may  discour- 
age and  hinder  their  coming  into  their  Nation, 

The  Catawbas,  I  hear,  have  long  complained  of  being  so  much 
confined  by  the  English  settling  on  their  Land,  that  they  wanted 
to  sell  their  Land,  and  go  further  to  the  Westward  ;  if  they  men- 
tion any  Thing  of  this,  you  may  assure  them  I  shall  do  every  Thing 
in  my  Power  with  the  Neighbouring  Governors  for  their  Service. 
You  will  have  Occasion  to  go  thro'  the  forementioned  Ceremo- 
nies, &c.,  with  the  Cherokees  ;  but  you  are  to  consider  them  as 
a  much  more  numerous  Nation,  and  their  Lands  very  extensive  ; 
The  French  have  been  endeavouring  for  many  Years  to  bring 
them  over  to  their  Interest,  and  to  build  Forts  in  the  upper  Cher- 
okee Country,  but  I  hope  they  have  not  as  yet  built  them  ;  if 
they  have,  endeavour  to  prevail  with  the  Indians  to  destroy  them, 
and  by  no  Means  to  allow  them  any  Settlement  in  their  Nation  ; 
and  if  possible,  to  hinder  any  of  the  French  or  their  Indians, 
having  any  Consultations  with  them,  unless  they  bring  a  Certifi- 
cate or  Message  by  one  of  the  Six  Nations  or  their  Brothers  the 
English,  otherways  they  will  endeavour  to  deceive  them.  Per- 
suade them  to  take  great  Care  of  the  Passes  over  the  Mountains 
to  the  Upper  Cherokees  to  prevent  any  Surprize. — Make  an 
Excuse  for  not  sending  them  some  Arms,  let  them  know  they 
were  not  to  be  had  here,  but  we  will  endeavour  to  provide  some 
for  them,  you  will  find  the  Traders*  from  South-Carolina,  will  do 
all  they  can  to  harrass  *  *  your  Treaty.  There  is  one  Smith 
a  Native  of  this  Country,  and  a  Trader  from  Charles-Town,  he 
bears  a  good  Character,  you  may  send  for  him,  he  probably  will 
be  of  Service  to  you.  Be  sure  to  return  the  Cherokees  hearty 
Thanks  for  the  Men  they  sent  in  with  Mr.  Paris  to  our  Assistance 
against  the  Shawnese.t 

♦  Governor  Dinwiddie  accused  the  South  Carolina  traders  of  trying 
to  persuade  the  Indians  to  ^o  on  hunting  trips,  that  they  might  have 
skins  and  furs  to  sell  to  them,  rather  than  send  their  warriors  to  the 
aid  of  the  Virginians. 

t  These   men   were    130  in    number,  and  came  to  Virginia  under  the 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  231 

As  many  Things  may  occur  in  the  Course  of  your  Negotia- 
tions, that  I  cannot  foresee  your  own  good  Sense  must  be  your 
Puide,  and  I  accordingly  refer  it  entirely  to  you.  The  Attorney- 
General  brings  you  the  £^50  you  wrote  for.  1  am  greatly  disap- 
pointed in  Wampum,  having  wrote  to  Col.  Hunter  to  bring  me  a 
Quantity  *  *  he  is  not  returned  ;  I  think  you  wrote  me  Col. 
Eaton  would  supply  you,  he  would  let  you  know  the  Quantity 
necessary. 

Inclose  you  have  Invoice  of  Goods  for  a  Present,  packed  up 
and  directed  for  each  Nation  ;  and  I  hope,  if  the  Weather  per- 
mits, to  send  them  from  this  on  Monday  or  Tuesday  next,  for 
Petersburg.  The  ten  Pieces  of  Dutch  Blanketing,  from  Mr. 
Turnbull,  are  for  the  Cherokees,  and  if  there  be  any  Thing  want- 
ing ,have  it  from  him,  and  desire  him  to  send  me  the  Account. 
— As  the  Cherokees  are,  by  Report  ten  to  one  of  the  Catawbas, 
I  have  proportioned  the  Powder  and  Lead  accordingly,  which 
you  may  alter  if  you  see  proper. — Two  Cherokee  Boys,  who 
were  taken  Prisoners  by  the  Northern-Indians,  were  retaken  by 
a  Company  of  our  Rangers  ;  I  ordered  them  back  to  their  Na- 
tion, pray  enquire  about  then 

Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  a  Letter  from  Mr.  Dobbs, 
Governor  of  North-Carolina,  he  appoints  two  Commissioners 
to  go  to  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees  :  he  proposes  their  meet- 
ing you  at  a  Place,  I  think  he  calls  it  Salisbury  which  he  says  is 
near  the  Indian  Road,  which  Rout  he  supposes  you  will  take. 
I  wrote  him,  I  believed  you  would  set  out  from  this  the  4th  or 
6th  of  January. 

If  I  have  omitted  any  Thing  as  Hints  for  your  Conduct,  please 
send  me  word  and  I  shall  answer  you  — That  you  may  have  your 
Health,  Success  in  your  Negotiations,  and  a  safe  Return  is  the 
sincere  Wish  of  Gentlemen, 

Your  affectionate  humble  Servant, 

Robert  Dinvviddie. 
To  the  Hon.  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 


charge  of  Richard  Pearls,  or  Paris,  a  trader  who  lived  on  the  Holston. 
These  Cherokees  took  part  in  the  abortive  expedition  against  the  Shaw- 
nese  in  February  and  March.  1756. 


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232  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant- 
Governor  AND  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Colony 
AND  Dominion  of  Virginia. 

To  the  Honorable  Peter  Randolph,  Esquire,  one  of  his  Majes- 
ty's Council,  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Henrico,  and  Surveyor- 
General  of  His  Majesty's  Customs;  and  William  Byrd,  Enquire, 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  and  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of 
Lunenburg. 

By  Virtue  of  the  Power  and  Authority  invested  in  me,  as  His 
Majesty's  Lieutenant-Governor,  andConimander-in-Chief  of  this 
Dominion,  I  hereby  nominate  and  appoint  you,  the  said  Peter 
Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires,  Commissioners  to  the 
Catawba  and  Cherokee  Nations  of  Indians  ;  hereby  giving  you 
full  Power  and  Authority  to  conclude  and  setde  a  firm  Treaty 
of  Peace  and  Friendship  with  both  those  Nations,  they,  being 
our  old  Friends  and  Allies. 

Given  under  my  Hand,  and  caused  the  Great  Seal  of  this 
Colony  to  be  affixed  thereto  at  Williamsburg  this  Twenty  Third 
Day  of  December,  One  Thousand  Seven  Hundred  and  Fifty  Five. 

Robert  Dinwiddie. 


Instructions,  for  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd, 
Esquires,  appointed  Commissioners  to  treat  on  Behalf 
OF  the  Colony  and  Dominion  of  Virginia,  with  the 
Catawbas  and  Cherokees. 

I.  You  shall  hold  yourselves  in  Readiness  to  set  forward  to 
the  Place  of  Treaty  pursuant  to  your  Commission  in  order  to 
arrive  at  the  Catawba  and  Cherokee  Nations  of  Indians  with  all 
due  Speed,  and  being  there  arrived,  you  shall  with  all  proper 
Dispatch  convene  the  Chiefs  of  the  said  Nations,  and  having 
adjusted  the  necessary  Forms  and  Ceremonies,  you  are  at  the 
first  general  and  public  Conference  to  acquaint  the  Indians,  thkt 
you  are  come  purposely  to  assure  them  of  the  kind  and  friendly 
Dispositions  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Colony  towards  them,  as 
well  as  of  the  Care  that  has  been  taken  on  their  Part,  to  preserve 
the  most  perfect  Harmony,  and  good  Understanding  with  their 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY    OF    I756.  233 

ancient  Friends  of  those  Nations  in  particular,  and  in  general, 
with  all  others  with  whom  they  have  ever  made  Friendship 
and  Alliance.  You  are  then  to  compliment  them  on  their  steady 
Adherence,  and  to  desire  of  them  to  concur  with  you  in  estab- 
lishing and  Confirming  for  all  future  Time,  our  unmovable  friend- 
ship with  their  Brethren  whom  you  represent. 

2.  You  are  then  to  present  my  Speech  to  them,  and  proceed 
to  acquaint  them  with  the  Present  you  are  charged  with  for  them, 
and  to  enlarge  on  the  Kindness  and  Friendship  *  *  towards 
them  ;  and  this  will  lead  you  to  magnify  the  Grandeur  and  Muni- 
ficence of  the  King,  after  which  you  are  in  the  most  affecting 
Manner  to  present  the  Present  as  directed. 

3.  Having  thus  and  by  whatever  other  Means  the  Time  and 
Circumstances  suggest,  introduced  yourselves  to  the  Favor  of 
the  Indians,  you  are  to  animate  them  against  the  unjust  Disturb- 
ances given  to  the  Peace  of  Mankind  by  the  restless  and  *  * 
thirst  of  Dominion,  which  is  ever  actuating  the  French  to  covet 
and  encroach  upon  the  Possessions  of  not  only  the  English,  but 
all  the  Indian  Nations  in  America.  To  this  End  you  will  acquaint 
them  with  their  Breach  of  Faith,  and  the  unprovoked  Rapines 
and  Murders  committed  by  them  on  the  Frontier  Inhabitants  of 
the  Colonies  in  Time  of  Tranquility  and  Peace  ;  and  let  them 
know  that  they  have  prevailed  on  the  Delawares  and  Shawnese, 
to  do  Mischief  when  they  pretended  to  be  our  Friends.  After 
having  duly  represented  these  Perfidies  and  Violences,  you  are 
to  acquaint  them  that  the  Six  Nations  have  joined  us  against  the 
French,  and  to  desire  their  Assistance,  and  to  agree  on  some 
Distinction  or  Signal  whereby  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees  may 
be  distinguished  from  other  Indians,  when  they  come  into  our 
Inhabitants,  and  to  know  what  Number  of  Men  they  will  furnish, 
and  when. 

4.  You  are  to  inform  yourselves  particularly,  what  Indian 
Nations  they  can  bring  into  our  Alliance,  and  what  Settlements 
the  French  have  made  in  their  Neighborhood,  their  Extent, 
Strength,  and  at  what  Period  of  Time  they  were  made.  And 
you  are  to  endeavor  to  make  yourselves  acquainted  with  the  Arts 
made  Use  of  by  the  French  to  alienate  the  affections  of  Indians 
from  the  English.  You  are  to  exhort  them  not  to  be  drawn 
away  by  deceitful  empty  Speeches,  the  peculiar  Talent  of  that 


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334  VIHGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

cunning  People,  nor  to  suffer  them  on  any  Pretence  whatsoever, 
to  erect  any  Fort  in  their  Country.  But  in  every  Attempt  that 
shall  be  made  to  shake  their  Duty  to  our  common  Father,  let 
them  consider  what  real  Acts  of  Friendship  have  been  done 
them  by  the  English,  and  what  by  the  French  ;  let  them  weigh 
these  Things  well  in  their  Minds,  and  then  determine  who  best 
deserves  their  Esteem  and  Regard,  for  it  is  not  by  vain  unmean- 
ing Words  that  true  Friendship  is  to  be  discovered,  but  by  its 
Effects. 

5.  Whatever  Treaty  you  shall  enter  into  with  either  of  these 
Nations,  you  are  to  take  special  Care  to  have  it  signed  by  all  the 
Sachems  or  Chiefs  who  shall  be  present  at  it. 

6.  If  any  Thing  incidentally  occur  in  the  Negotiations,  not 
particularly  .taken  Notice  of  by  these  Instructions,  you  are  to 
conduct  yourselves  in  such  M  inner,  as  ,  the  Nature  and  Ex- 
pediency of  the  Subject  Matter,  Time  and  Place  may  require, 
according  to  the  best  of  your  Discretion. 

I  wish  you  Success  in  your  Negotiations,  an  agreeable  Journey, 
and  a  safe  Return.     And  I  am  Gentlemen, 

Your  most  humble  Servant, 

Robert  Dinwiddie. 


Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant- 
Governor  AND  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Colony 
AND  Dominion  of  Virginia. 

To  the  King,  Sachems,  and  Warriors,  of  the  Catawba  Nation. 

Wishing  you  Health  and  Prosperity. 
Brothers  and  Friends, 

This  will  be  delivered  you  by  the  Honorable  Peter  Randolph 
and  William  Byrd,  Esquires,  two  of  His  Majesty's  Council  of 
this  Dominion,  who  will  shake  Hands  with  you,  and  are  come 
this  long  and  tedious  Journey  to  assure  you  of  our  real  Friend- 
ship and  Love  for  you  ;  they  have  my  Commission  to  treat  with 
you,  and  to  brighten  and  Strengthen  the  Chain  of  Friendship 
that  has  so  long  subsisted  between  you  and  your  Brothers  the 
English,  and  am  in  great  Hopes  the  Treaty  you  are  to  make  with 
the  above  Gentlemen  in  Behalf  of  this  Dominion  in  particular, 


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THE   INDIAN  TREATY   OF    I756.  236 

and  all  the  English  Inhabitants  on  this  Continent,  will  continue  as 
long  as  the  Sun  gives  Light. 

The  French,  by  their  Emissaries  are  endeavouring  all  in  their 
Power  to  gain  over  the  friendly  Indians  to  their  Interest,  I  there- 
fore advise  you  to  be  on  your  Guard  against  their  invidious 
Insinuations,  for  their  Speeches  consist  of  Falsehoods  and  unjust 
Reports.  The  Six  Nations  have  taken  up  the  Hatchet  against 
the  French  and  their  Indians,  and  joined  our  Forces  to  drive 
the  French  from  the  Lands  they  have  unjustly  invaded,  have 
lately  given  them  a  remarkable  Defeat,*  killed  many  of  their  Peo- 
ple and  taken  *  *  of  their  great  Officers  Prisoners  ;  and  I 
hope  next  Year  they  will  be  able  to  confine  them  to  the  barren 
Lands  of  Canada. 

Lately  many  of  the  French  joined  with  the  Shawnese  came 
into  our  Country,  *  *  and  murdered  many  of  our  Breth- 
ren ;  Our  Friends  and  Brothers  the  Cherokees,  knowing  the 
Truth  thereof,  immediately  took  up  the  Hatchet  against  the 
French  and  Shawnese  and  sent  into  our  Country  a  Number  of 
their  Warriors  to  protect  our  Frontiers,  and  to  war  against  those 
perfidious  People. — And  I  hope  Brothers  you  will  also  take  up 
the  Hajtchet,  against  the  French  and  their  Indians  ;  and  as  I  have 
great  Reason  to  expect  many  of  the  Cherokee  Warriors  on  any 
Occasion,  to  go  to  War  against  your  Enemies  and  ours,  I  there- 
fore hope  you  will  also  assist  with  a  Number  of  your  brave  War- 
riors. 

The  Commissioners  will  also  deliver  you  a  Present  sent  from 
our  Father  the  Great  King,  and  this  Dominion,  to  assure  you  of 
our  Sincerity  to  continue  in  true  Friendship  with  the  Catawbas. 
Whatever  the  Commissiouers  tell  you,  you  are  to  believe  as 
spoke  by  myself,  and  I  am  in  hopes  you  will  conclude  with  them 
a  Treaty  of  Peace  and  Friendship  which  may  continue  as  long  as 
the  Rivers  run  and  Trees  grow,  which  will  be  confirmed  by  me, 
and  transmitted  to  our  Father  the  other  Side  of  the  great  Water. 
May  you  live  long,  and  that  we  may  always  act  with  true  Friend- 
ship, for  each  other,  is  my  sincere  Wish. 


*  This  refers  to  the  battle  at  Lake  George  in  September,  1755,  in 
which  the  provincial  forces,  and  their  allies  of  the  Six  Nations,  under 
Major-General  William  Johnson,  totally  defeated  the  French  under 
Baron  Diskau. 


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236  VIRGINIA    HISrORICA       MAGAZINE. 

Given  at  Williamsburg,  under  my  Hand  and  the  Great  Seal  o 
this  Colony,  this  Twenty-Third  Day  of  December,  One  Thous- 
and Seven  Hundred  and  Fifty-Five. 

Robert  Dinwiddie 

In  Confirmation  of  the  above  I  give  you  a  Belt  of  Wampum. 


Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  AND  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Colony 
AND  Dominion  of  Virginia. 

To  the  Emperor,  Old- Hop,*  and  the  other  Sachems,  and  War- 
riors, of  the  great  Nation  of  the  Cherokees. 
Wishing  Health  and  Prosperity. 

This  will  be  delivered  you  by  the  Honorable  Peter  Randolph 
and  William  Byrd,  Esquires,  two  of  His  Majesty's  Council,  who 
will  take  you  by  the  Hand  ;  they  have  undertaken  this  long 
Journey  to  assure  you  of  the  real  Love  and  Friendship  your 
Brothers  of  this  Dominion  have  for  you  ;  they  have  my  Com- 
mission to  enter  into  a  Treaty  of  Peace  with  you,  to  brighten 
and  strengthen  the  Chain  of  Friendship  that  has  so  long  sub- 
sisted between  your  Brothers  the  English,  and  the  brave  Chero- 
kees, I  desire  you  will  receive  what  they  say  to  you,  as  if  spoke 
to  you  by  myself. 

I  am  in  hopes  the  Treaty  now  proposed  to  be  made  with  the 
above  Gentlemen  in  Behalf  of  this  Dominion  in  particular,  and 
all  your  Brothers  on  this  Continent,  will  continue  as  long  as  the 
Sun  and  Moon  give  Light.  The  French  by  their  Emissaries  are 
endeavouring  to  poisen  the  Minds  of  our  Friendly  Indians,  and 
to  withdraw  them  from  their  Brothers  the  English  ;  I  advise  you 


*  Old  Hop  was  one  of  the  principal  chiefs  of  the  Cherokees.  Gov- 
ernor Dinwiddie,  in  a  letter  to  Richard  Pearis,  August  2,  1754  (Din- 
widdie Papers,  I,  267),  states  that  he  had  always  thought  that  the  **  Em- 
peror "  was  their  chief  man  ;  but  that  now  he  had  learned  that  Old  Hop 
was  even  a  greater  man  he  would  treat  him  with  due  respect.  He 
remained  on  friendly  terms  with  the  English  during  the  whole  of  Dinwid- 
die's  administration.  His  son  was  at  the  head  of  a  delegation  of  Chero- 
kees who  had  a  consultation  with  Dinwiddie  in  Williamsburg  on 
September  5,  1775,  and  the  speech  of  the  Cherokee,  together  with  the 
Governor's  reply,  are  printed  in  the  Dinwiddie  Papers,  II,  187-189. 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  237 

to  be  on  your  Guard  against  them,  their  Speeches  are  made  up 
of  Falsehoods  and  unjust  Reports,  let  none  of  them  remain 
among  you,  and  by  no  Means  allow  them  to  build  any  Forts  on 
the  River  Hogohegee,  in  the  Upper  Cherokee  Country,  for  their 
Intentions  are  with  evil  Design  against  you  and  your  Brothers 
the  English. — The  Six  Nations  have  taken  up  the  Hatchet 
against  the  French  and  their  Indians,  and  joined  our  Forces  to 
the  Northward  with  a  great  Number  of  their  Warriors  ;  and  in 
a  Batde  with  the  French,  we  killed  a  great  Number  of  their  Men, 
and  took  several  of  their  chief  Officers  Prisoners,  obtaining  a 
compleat  Victory  over  them  ;  and  I  hope  on  Occasion  you  will 
be  ready  and  willing  to  give  us  your  Assistance. 

The  Treaty  now  proposed  to  be  made  shall  be  confirmed  by 
me,  and  transmitted  to  our  Father  the  King  of  Great-Britain, 
&c.  the  other  Side  of  the  great  Water.  The  Commissioners 
will  deliver  you  some  Powder,  Lead,  and  other  Goods,  from 
your  Father  and  your  Brothers  of  this  Dominion,  to  convince 
you  of  our  sincere  Friendship  to  your  Nation. 

That  you  may  remain  an  happy  people,  and  that  true  Love 
may  subsist  between  you  and  your  Brothers  the  English,  till  the 
End  of  Time,  is  my  sincere  Wish. 

Given  at  Williamsburg,  under  my  Hand  and  the  Great-Seal 
of  this  Colony,  this  Twenty  Third  Day  of  December,  One 
Thousand  Seven  Hundred  Fifty  Five. 

Robert  Dinvviddie. 

In  Confirmation  of  the  above  I  give  you  a  Belt  of  Wampum. 


A  Treaty  &c.  At  the  Catawba-Tovvn,  the  2oth 
OF  February,  1756. 

Present. 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 

Commissioners  for  Virginia. 

Thomas  Adams,*  Esquire,  Secretary. 

•Thomas  Adams  (1730-1787)  was  a  member  of  the  United  States 
Congress,  1778,  and  of  the  State  Senate.  His  home  at  this  time  was 
in  Henrico  county.     See  fVm.  and  Mary  Quarterly^  V,  159-164. 


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238  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Heigler,*  King  of  the  Catawbas,  and  all  the  Sachems  and 

Warriors  of  that  Nation* 

William  Giles,   Interpreter. 

The  Commissioners  having  first  produced  their  Deputation, 

and  the  same  being  read  and  interpreted,  they  spoke  as  follow- 

eth: 

Brethren,  King,  Sachems,  and  Warriors,  of  the  Great  Catawba 
Nation. 
**Our  common  Father,  the  Great  King  of  England,  has  been 
pleased  to  direct  your  Brother,  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  to  send 
Commissioners  hither,to  assure  you  of  his  Affection,  and  to  pre- 
sent you  with  as  many  Goods  in  Token  thereof  as  it  was  conve- 
nient to  send  so  far,  at  this  Season  of  the  Year.  It  was  his 
Pleasure  to  appoint  us  to  that  charge,  and  at  the  same  Time',  to 
direct  us  to  deliver  you  a  Speech  in  his  Name,  with  a  Belt  of 
Wampum,  which  we  are  now  ready  to  do,  and  hope  you  will  be 
attentive  thereto.*' 

To  which  King  Heigler  answered. 

'*We  shall  always  listen  to  every  Thing  that  comes  from  our 
Brothers  of  Virginia  with  great  Attention,  and  are  now  prepared 
to  hear  whatever  you  may  be  directed  to  say  to  us  in  the  Name 
of  the  Governor  of  that  Colony.'* 

The  Secretary  then  proceeded  to  read  the  Governor's  Speech, 
which  was  Interpreted. 

(See  the  Governor's  Speech,  Page  ii)t 

Upon  which  the  Indians  gave  the  Yo-hah. 

Then  the  Commissioners  spoke  as  follows. 
Brothers  and  Friends, 

**You  have  heard  his  Honor  the  Governor  of  Virginia's 
Speech,  wherein  he  has  confirmed  what  we  just  now  told  you, 
that  we  are  sent  here  to  represent  him  and  the  Colony  under  his 
Command,  in  order  to  brighten  the  Chain,  and  strengthen 
the  Friendship,  which  has  subsisted  between  you  and  them,  since 
a  much  earlier  Time  than  our  oldest  Men  can  remember.  It  is 
not  Brethren  in  Behalf  of  Virginia  alone,  that  we  have  come  so 


♦In  1762  King  Heigler  was   killed  near  his  own  village  by  a  small 
party  of  Shawnese  (Siouan  Tribes ^  (Sfc.^  p.  72). 
t  This  refers  to  the  page  \\\  the  pamphlet. 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    1 756.  239 

br  to  tell  you,  how  highly  we  value  and  commend  your  steady 
Friendship  to  the  great  King  George,  and  his  Children  in  Vir- 
ginia, but  of  all  his  Subjects  in  America,  who  have  ever  held 
you  in  high  Esteem,  having  always  found  you  our  fairhfull  Friends 
and  make  no  Doubt  but  that  you  will  continue  such  to  all  future 
Time  :  To  convince  you  of  our  great  Dependence  upon  your 
unshaken  Love,  we  present  you  with  this  String  of  Wampum.*' 

**  You  cannot  be  Strangers,  brave  Catawbas,  to  the  late 
unjustifiable  Steps  taken  by  the  French,  that  crafty  Enemy  of  all 
Mankind,  to  debauch  the  Principles  and  poison  the  Minds  of  not 
only  the  Indians,  but  of  all  other  Nations,  who  are  in  Alliance 
with  the  great  King  our  Father.  They  are  a  People,  Brothers, 
whose  Thirst  of  Power  is  such  that  nothing  but  an  intire  Reduc- 
tion of  the  whole  World  to  their  Subjection,  can  satisfy  their 
boundless  Ambition.  By  their  dark  Measures,  and  deceitfuU 
Practices,  they  have  so  unhappily  succeeded,  as  to  prevail  on  the 
Shawnese  and  Delaware  Indians  to  make  Incursions  on  the  Fron 
tiers  of  Virginia,  Maryland  and  Pennsylvania,  to  murder  in  the 
most  inhuman  Manner,  defenceless  Husbandmen  at  their  Labor, 
weak  Women  in  their  Beds  with  their  tender  Infants  at  their 
Breasts,  resting  secure  in  their  own  Innocence  in  time  of  a  set- 
tled Peace.  And  thus  those  Nations  continue  still  to  act  in  open 
Violation  of  a  solemn  Treaty  concluded  on  at  Loggs-Town,*  about 
three  Years  past,  between  our  Commissioners  and  their  Chiefs. 

*•  Our  Friends  the  Six  Nations  concerned  for  the  Misfortunes 
of  their  Brethren,  and  enraged  that  the  French  and  their  Indians 
pay  so  little  Regard  to  their  Engagements,  have  taken  up  the 
Hatchet  against  them,  and  joined  General  Johnson  last  Fall,  on 
Lake  St.  Sacrament,  where  alter  a  bloody  Battle,  it  pleased  the 
Great  God,  to  bless  our  Arms  with  V^ictory,  and  to  enable  our  Men 
to  destroy  the  greatest  Part  of  their  Enemies,  to  captivate  their 
General,  and  slay  many  of  their  commanding  Officers.  To  con- 
firm the  Truth  of  what  we  have  told  you,  we  give  you  this  String 
of  Wampum. 

**  We  are  desired  by  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  to  inform  you 


*  The  Journal  of  the  Virginia  Commissioners  in  the  treaty  at  Logg's 
Town,  together  with  other  documents  in  regard  to  it,  were  printed  in 
this  Magazine,  XIII,  i43-'74' 


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240  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

That  we  now  stand  in  need  of  your  Assistance  ;  and  from  the 
many  Instances  of  your  Friendship,  we  hope  you  will  join  our 
Forces  with  such  a  Number  of  Warriors,  as  you  think  you  may 
with  Safety  to  yourselves  spare,  whenever  there  may  be  Occa- 
sion for  them,  of  which  you  shall  have  due  Notice. 

**  Your  Compliance  with  this  Request  will  give  us  our  Oppor- 
tunity of  representing  to  the  King  your  Father,  your  Readiness 
to  defend  His  Dominions,  on  this  Side  of  the  great  Water.  And 
that  you  may  be  encouraged  to  march  against  the  Enemy  with 
greater  Steadiness,  we  promise  you  that  your  Men  shall  be  sup- 
plied with  Arms,  Ammunition,  and  every  Thing  necessary  for 
War.  To  confirm  the  Truth  of  what  we  have  said,  and  en- 
force our  Request,  we  give  you  this  Belt  of  Wampum.** 

Upon  which  the  Indians  gave  the  usual  Cry  of  Approbation. 

King  Heigler,  then  repeated  the  Substance  of  what  had  been 
said,  and  that  there  shall  be  no  Mistakes,  desired  the  Interpre- 
ter to  attend  him  and  his  Chiefs  in  a  Council  that  Evening,  and 
at  the  same  Time  told  the  Commissioners  that  he  proposed  to 
give  them  an  Answer  in  the  Morning. 


Febuary  21st,  1756. 
Present. 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William   Byrd,  Esquires, 
Commissioners. 
Thomas  Adams,  Esquire,  Secretary. 
Heigler,  King  of  the  Catawbas,  and  all  the  Sachems  and 
Warriors  of  that  Nation. 
William  Giles,  Interpreter. 
King  Heigler  spoke  as  follows, 
Brothers  and  Friends, 

"  At  the  Request  of  my  Brother,  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  I 
made  him  a  Visit  last  Year.  After  much  Talk  with  him,  which 
I  have  treasured  up  in  my  Breast,  and  hope  he  has  done  the  same 
he  told  me  that  he  did  not  then  want  my  Assistance,  but  desired 
that  I  would  hold  my  Warriors  in  Readiness,  not  doubting,  but 
that  he  should  have  Occasion  for  them  soon.  It  was  at  the 
repeated  Request  of  the  Northern  Governors,  that  we  concluded 
a  Peace  with  their  Indians,  which  we  have  hitherto  strictly  ob- 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    1 756.  241 

served.  But  as  the  Shawnese  and  Delawares,  have  broke  the 
Chain  of  Friendship,  between  them  and  our  Brethern  the  English, 
we  think  ourselves  bound  in  Gratitude  to  declare  them  our  Ene- 
mies, and  shall  immediately  take  up  the  Hatchet  against  them, 
and  you  may  be  assured,  never  lay  it  down  'till  we  have  suffi- 
ciently revenged  the  Blood  of  our  Friends.  We  have  always 
been  supplied,  with  Cloaths,  Guns  and  Ammunition,  by  the 
Great  King,  on  the  other  Side  of  the  Water,  and  have  the  most 
greatfull  Remembrance  of  his  Kindness  to  us,  which  has  link'd 
us  to  his  Interest  with  a  Chain  stronger  than  Iron.  Our  War- 
riors delight  in  War,  and  our  young  Men  are  equally  pleased 
that  they  have  an  Opportunity  of  going  to  Battle  It  is  my  Reso- 
lution to  lead  them  on  whenever  the  Governor  of  Virginia  thinks 
proper. 

**  We  are  in  perfect  Amity  with  the  Cherokees,  Cowetaws  and 
and  Chickasaws.  The  Cherokees  have  ever  been  our  Friends, 
and  as  they  are  a  numerous  Nation,  we  acknowledge  them  to  be 
our  elder  Brother. 

**  We  hope  they  will  shew  a  good  Example  by  sending  a  great 
Number  of  their  Warriors  to  join  us  and  our  Brethern  of  Vir- 
ginia against  the  French  and  their  Indian  Allies.** 
Gave  a  Belt  of  Wampum. 

King  Heigler,  then  desired  his  Warriors  to  speak  for  them- 
selves, upon  which  Prenchee  Uraw  spoke  as  foUoweth, 
Friends  and  Brothers. 

**  I  am  a  young  Man,  and  have  not  yet  distinguished  myself  in 
War  but  I  am  not  a  litde  pleased,  that  I  have  an  Opportunity  of 
d4)ing  it.  If  I  should  be  so  fortunate  as  to  do  any  Thing  that 
deserves  Commendation,  I  shall  have  the  Thanks  of  the  Great 
King  George,  and  my  Brethern  the  English.  But  whether  I  am 
successful  or  not,  my  Endeavours  shall  be  such  as  to  convince 
them  of  the  Integrity  of  my  Intentions.*' 

Chippapaw,  then  rose  up  and  spoke  as  follows. 

Brothers, 

**  You  have  put  a  bright  Hatchet  in  our  Hands,  which  we 
have  accepted  and  hold  fast.  You  have  also  directed  us  where  to 
strike  it.  I  am  determined,  either  to  dye  it  in  the  Blood  of  our 
Enemies,  or  to  lose  m;^  Life  in  the  Attempt. 


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242  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Hixa-Uraw,  then  spoke  to  the  following  Purpose, 
Brothers, 

*  *  I  have  listened  attentively  to  what  the  King  and  Warriors 
have  said.  Their  Readiness  in  complying  with  your  Request, 
has  given  me  great  Pleasure,  aud  as  I  have  *  *  as  well  as 
they,  I  shall  not  stay  at  Home,  if  they  are  able  to  support  me." 

The  other  Warriors  present  said  that  the  King  and  those  who  . 
had  already  spoken,  had  expressed  their  Sentiments,  and  that 
they  were  ready  whenever  they  were  called  on,  to  hazard  their 
Lives  in  defence  of  their  Brethern  the  English. 

The  Commissioners  immediately  made  the  following  Reply. 
Brethern, 

**  Your  Answer  has  given  us  great  Satisfaction,  and  we  doubt 
not,  but  that,  by  your  future  Actions,  you  will  approve  your- 
selves to  be  that  brave  People  your  Brethern  the  English,  have 
ever  esteemed  you. 

'*  We  have  Instructions  from  our  Governor,  to  desire  that  you 
will  inform  us,  the  Number  of  Men  you  can  send  to  our  Assis- 
tance, by  which  Means  he  will  be  the  better  Judge  of  our 
Strengh. 

Our  Enemies  the  French  will  undoubtedly  exert  themselves  to 
carry  their  Schemes  into  Execution,  and  therefore  it  is  the  more 
necessary  we  should  act  with  Vigor  and  Unanimity.  That  there 
may  be  no  Missapprehensions,  we  have  prepared  our  Instrument 
of  Writing,  containing  Six  Articles,  to  be  signed  by  us  in  Behalf 
of  the  Colony  we  represent,  and  by  your  King  and  Sachems  in 
Behalf  of  your  Nation.  We  shall  leave  them  with  you  for  your 
Consideration,  and  when  they  have  been  interpreted  to  you,  and 
you  have  in  Council  consulted  your  People,  we  hope  they  will 
meet  with  your  Approbation. 

"We  have  left  a  Blank  for  the  Number  of  Men  with  which 
you  are  to  supply  us,  which,  we  flatter^ourselves,  will  be  so  great, 
as  to  be  of  real  Service  to  us,  and  demonstrate  your  Zeal  for  our 
common  Defence. 

"The  Goods,  we  have  before-mentioned  to  you,  are  now 
exposed  your  Views,  and  whenever  it  is  agreeable  to  you,  you 
may  proceed  to  divide  them  among  you." 

The  Commissioners  then  withdrew,  and  the  King  and  Sachems 


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THE   INDIAN  TREATY  OF    1756.  248 

after  a  short  Consultation,  desired  them  to  return,  and  after  being 
again  seated,  King  Heigler  spoke  as  follows. 

Brethren, 

•*  We  have  had  the  Articles  proposed  to  us  under  our  Consider- 
ation, and  we  entirely  approve  of  them.  A  great  Number  of 
our  Warriors  being  now  in  the  Woods,  we  can  only  venture  to 
assure  you  of  Forty  Men,  altho'  it  is  more  than  probable  that  we 
shall  send. double  that  Number.  But  that  we  may  preserve  the 
Reputation  of  a  steady,  faithful  People,  we  will  engage  for  noth- 
ing more  than  we  can  with  the  greatest  Certainty  comply  with. 
We  have  seen  the  Goods  and  accept  them  as  a  Token  of  your 
Affection,  which  we  hope  you  will  deservedly  continue  to  us  so 
long  as  the  World  exists." 

The  Articles  were  then  again  read,  and  signed  by  the  Com- 
missioners, the  King,  and  Warriors  of  the  Catawba  Nation 
respectively.  After  which  the  Indians  expressed  great  Satisfac- 
tion, and  the  Commissioners  calling  for  Wine  and  Punch,  drank. 
Health  to  the  Great  King  George  and  the  Catawba  Nation,  which 
put  an  End  to  the  Treaty. 

A  Copy  of  the  Articles. 
Be  it  known  to  all  those  to  whom  these  Presents  shall  come. 
That  the  Honorable  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  and  Commander-in-Chief,  of  the  Colony  and  Domin- 
ion of  Virginia,  and  Arataswa  King,  Chupahaw,  Prenchee-Uraw, 
Hixa-Uraw,  Tannasee,  Yeaputkee,  and  Tooksesey,  Sachems  and 
Warriors  of  the  brave  Nation  of  Catawba  Indians,  laying  noth- 
ing more  tp  Heart,  than  by  new  Ties,  to  strengthen  the  good 
Correspondence  established  between  the  Subjects  of  the  King  of 
Great  Baltain,  residing  in  North -America,  and  their  Brothers 
and  faithful  Allies  the  Catawbas,  and  to  prevent,  by  Measures 
taken  in  Time,  the  Accidents  that  may  excite  a  War,  or  cause  a 
Disunion  :  The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph,  Esquire,  one  of  His 
Majesty's  Council,  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Henrico,  and  Sur- 
veyor-General of  His  Majesty's  Customs,  and  the  Honorable 
William  Byrd,  Esquire,  one  of  His  Majesty's  Council,  and  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  County  of  Lunenburg,  on  the  Part  and  Behalf  of  the 
said  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  and  the  said  Colony  of  Virginia, 


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244  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

and  the  said  Arataswa  King,  Chupahaw,  Prenchee-Uraw,  Hixa- 
Uraw,  Tannasee,  Yeaputkee,  and  Tooksesey,  Sachems  and 
Warriors  on  the  Part  and  Behalf  of  the  Catawba  Nation,  having 
full  Power  to  treat,  accord,  and  conclude  the  following  Articles: 

I.  That  the  ancient  Alliance  between  the  English  and  Cataw- 
bas  be  renewed,  and  the  old  Chain  brightened. 

II.  That  if  the  French  King  shall  at  any  Time  wage  War 
against  the  King  of  England,  the  Catawbas  shall  wage  War  with 
all  their  Power  against  the  French  King,  and  all  his  Indian 
Allies. 

III.  That  the  Catawbas  shall  march  into  Virginia,  Forty  or 
more  able  Warriors,  within  Forty  Days  from  the  Date  of  these 
Presents,  to  such  Fort  or  Place  as  the  Governor  of  Virginia 
shall  direct. 

IV.  That  the  Men  who  shall  be  employed  in  the  Service  of  the 
English,  in  the  Colony  of  Virginia,  as  Warriors,  be  found  and 
provided  with  all  necessary  Cloaths,  Victuals,  Arms  and  Am- 
munition. 

V.  That  neither  the  Catawbas  nor  Virginians,  shall  protect 
the  disobedient  Subjects  of  the  other,  or  entertain  Rebels,  trait- 
ors or  F'ugitives,  but  within  Twenty  Days  after  due  Requisition 
made,  shall  deliver  them  up. 

VI.  That  if  any  Subjects  belonging  to  the  King  of  Great- 
Britain,  residing  in  Virginia,  or  any  Indian  belonging  to  the 
Catawba  Nation,*  shall  offend  against  this  Treaty,  they  shall  be 
punished,  without  the  Treaty  being  any  Way  thereby  infringed. 

Done  and  signed  at  the  Catawba-Town,  the  21st  Day  of  Feb- 
ruary, 1756. 

Peter  Randolph.  [L.  S.] 

William  Byrd.  [L.  S.] 

Arataswa  (mark)  or  Heigler.  [L.  S.] 

Chupahaw.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 

Prenchee-Uraw.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 

Hixa-Uraw.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 

Tannasee.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 

Yeaputkee.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 

Tooksesey.  (mark)  [L.  S.] 


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THE    INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  245 

Broad-River,  March   I3.th,  1756. 

Present. 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 

Commissioners  for  Virginia. 

Thomas  Adams,  Esquire,  Secretary. 

The  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  Cherokees. 

Richard  Smith,  Abraham  Smith  and  Daniel  Carrol, 

Interpreters. 

The  Little-Carpenter**spoke  as  follows. 
Friends  and  Brothers, 

**The  Waters  are  high,  and  as  we  are  numerous,  and  there 
are  no  Canoes  to  carry  us  over  the  River,  we  shall  be  obliged  to 
you  to  come  over  to  us.  We  should  not  presume  to  expect  this 
Favor,  but  that  you  may  pass  the  River  in  one  Canoe,  and  our 
People  are  all  desirous  of  being  present  at  the  Treaty.  We  are 
impatient  to  return  Home,  and  therefore,  altho  we  are  much  fa- 
tigued, hope  you  will  join  with  us  in  expediting  the  Business  as 
fast  as  possible.'* 

To  which  the  Commissioners  replied, 

**  Your  Request  is  very  »'easonable,  and  therefore  we  shall  chear- 
fully  comply  with  it.  We  are  pleased  to  find  you  disposed  to 
enter  on  Business  immediately,  and  we  shall  be  ready  to  speak 
to  you  To-morrow  at  Twelve  o' Clock." 


March  14th,  1756, 
Present 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 

Commissioners. 

Thomas  Adams  Esquire  Secretary. 

The  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  Cherokees. 

Richard  Smith,  Abraham  Smith,  and  Daniel  Carrol, 

Interpreters. 

*  AttakullakuUa,.'*  King  or  Emperor"  of  the  Cherokees,  also  called 
The  Little  Carpenter.  About  1738  he  was  chosen  vice-king  under 
Oconostota.  He  wa<5,  at  the  time  of  the  treaty  a  staunch  friend  of  the 
English.  After  the  massacre  at  Fort  Loudon  he  rescued  Captain  Stuart 
and  conducted  him  safely  to  the  frontiers  of  Virginia. 


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246  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  Commissioners  spoke  as  follows, 

Brethern,  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  great  and  powerful 
Nation  of  Cherokees. 

**The  Governor  of  Virginia,  having  by  his  Commission  under 
the  Great-Seal  of  that  Colony,  deputed  us  to  visit  you  our  Breth- 
ern, in  order  to  consult  you  on  some  Affairs,  in  which  our  Inter- 
ests are  mutually  concerned  ;  we  heartily  bid  you  welcome.  We 
have  waited  a  long  Time  for  your  coming,  but  we  presume,  from 
the  remote  Situation  of  many  of  your  Towns,  that  your  Sachems 
could  not  be  convened  sooner,  and  therefore  we  the  more  chear- 
fully  acquiesce  under  the  many  Inconveniences  we  have  been 
subjected  to  thro*  your  Delay.  You  could  not  have  given  us  a 
greater  Evidence  of  your  Esteem,  than  by  your  meeting  us  so 
much  lower  down  than  the  Place  you  first  appointed  ;  the  Bad- 
ness of  the  Roads,  which  are  almost  impassable  for  Waggons  and 
the  Scarcity  of  Corn  having  made  our  Journey  both  tedious  and 
expensive.  We  are  first  to  deliver  you  a  Speech,  in  the  Name 
of  our  Governor,  with  a  Belt  of  Wampum,  which  we  hope  you'll 
hear  with  Attention,  and  that  it  will  have  that  Influence  with  you 
which  he  expects." 

The  Secretary  then  read  the  Governor's  Speech,  which  was 
interpreted. 

(  See  the  Governor's  Speech,  Page    *    *  ) 

Upon  which  the  Indians  gave  the  Yo-hah. 

Then  the  Commissioners  spoke  as  follows, 

'*  As  you  are  now  acquainted  with  the  Intention  of  our  under- 
taking this  long  and  fatiguing  Journey,  permit  us  to  a.ssure  you 
of  our  Readiness  to  concur  in  brightening  and  strengthening  the 
Chain  of  Friendship  which  has  hitherto  remained  unviolated,  and 
which  we  on  our  Parts  shall  endeavor  to  preserve  unshaken,  so 
long  as  the  Sun  and  Moon  shall  endure. 
Brethern, 

Your  Fidelity  and  steady  Adherence  to  the  Interest  of  the 
English,  of  which  the  sending  of  your  Warriors  to  the  Assistance 
of  your  Brethern  the  Virginians  in  a  recent  instance,  have  had  such 
an  happy  Influence  upon  the  King  your  Father,  that  He,  always 
disposed  to  reward  his  dutiful  Children,  has  ordered  a  Present  of 
Goods  to  be  sent  to  you.  And  in  Obedience  to  his  Majesty's 
Commands,  we  were   immediately   dispatched  with   them,  and 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  247 

they  are  now  ready  for  your  Acceptance.  We  are  sorry  to  tell 
you,  that  altho*  your  Brother  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  spared 
no  Pains  in  purchasing  the  most  suitable  Goods  for  you,  yet  he 
could  by  no  Means  procure  a  sufficient  Number  of  such  fire 
Arms,  as  would  be  acceptable  to  you.  We  have  however  his 
Permission  to  assure  you,  that  you  shall  be  supplied  with  them 
hereafter. — In  Confirmation  whereof  we  give  you  this  String  of 
Wampum. 
Bret  hern, 

'  'You  have  undoubtedly  heard  that  many  skulking  Parties  of 
Indians,  prompted  thereto  by  our  treacherous  and  most  perfidi- 
ous Enemies,  the  French,  have  made  Incursions  upon  our  Fron- 
tiers, murdering  and  captivating  all  the  Men,  Women  and 
Children,  who  were  so  unhappy  as  to  fall  into  their  Way.  The 
Indians  principally  concerned  in  this  *  *  are  the  Shawnese 
and  Delawares,  who  delighting  in  Blood  and  not  observing  the 
most  solemn  Treaties,  at  which  they  have  always  had  a  large 
Share  of  the  Royal  Bounty  have  by  the  Cunning  and  Artifice  of 
the  French,  been  withdrawn  from  their  Allegiance  to  the  Great 
King,  the  Father  of  us  all,  and  prevailed  on  to  fake  up  the  mur- 
derous Hatchet  against  his  Children.  Thus  the  French,  contrary 
to  the  Law  of  Nature  and  Nations,  are  for  ever  pushing  on  our 
own  Allies  to  destroy  us,  and  what  may  we  not  all  expect,  if  we 
do  not  vigorously  unite  to  frustrate  their  wicked  Designs.  The 
Frontier  Inhabitants  of  the  Northern  Colonies  have  been  as  yet 
the  only  Victims  of  their  *  *,  but  be  assured,  Brethern,  that 
unless  you  take  the  necessary  Steps  to  prevent  it,  you  will  like- 
wise be  involved  in  the  same  Calamity.  That  we  may  never  be 
again  exposed  to  the  Treachery  and  Deceit  of  those  cruel  Sav- 
ages, we  have  resolved  to  cut  them  off  from  the  Race  of  Mankind, 
and  we  do  in  Behalf  of  the  People  we  represent,  return  you  our 
Sincere  and  unfeigned  Thanks  for  your  kind  and  friendly  Assis- 
tance in  the  Execution  of  that  Design. 

Brethren, 

**The  French,  who  have  nothing  less  in  View  than  universal 
Monarchy,  and  are  for  ever  encroaching  upon  the  Lands  of  not 
only  the  English,  but  of  all  the  Indian  Nations  in  America,  have 
built  Forts  upon  our  Lands  ;  And  the  better  to  support  their 


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248  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ambitious  Views,  they  have  used  every  Artifice  in  their  Power 
to^win  the  Six  Nations  to  their  Interest.  But  they  detesting  their 
perfidious  Practices,  and  being  by  dear-bought  Experience  con- 
vinced, how  little  their  Promises  are  to  be  regarded,  would  not 
be  deluded  by  their  fallacious  Speeches,  but  taking  up  the 
Hatchet  against  them  and  their  Indians,  joined  our  Forces  to  the 
Northward  with  a  great  Number  of  their  Warriors,  where  our 
Army  under  the  Command  of  General  Johnson,  obtained  a  com- 
plete Victory  over  them.  In  Testimony  whereof,  we  give  you 
this  Belt  of  Wampum. 
Brethren, 

**  Remember  how  this  cruel  People  usurped  the  Land  of  the 
Nochess,*  and  chased  them  from  their  Country.  Forget  not  also 
their  Endeavours  to  destroy  the  Chickasaws,  who  having  timely 
Noticejof  their  evil  Intentions,  gave  them  a  brave  Repulse.  You 
must  have  heard  of  the  many  Attempts  they  have  made  to  cut 
off  the  Six  Nations,  but  they  diligently  pursuing  the  most  prudent 
Measures  for  their  Security,  have  hitherto  avoided  the  fatal  Blow. 
We  could  enumerate  a  thousand  Instances  of  their  Cruelty,  and 
defy  them  to  point  out  a  single  Instance  of  ours  :  No,  Brethern  ; 
on  the  contrary,  many  Nations  of  Indians  reduced  by  War,  and 
unable  to  withstand  the  Torrent  of  their  Enemies,  have  fled  to 
us  for  Refuge,  and  have  always  found  a  secure  Retreat  among  us. 
Brethren, 

*'  The  American  Colonies  no  longer  able  to  bear  the  Insults  of 
the  French,  are  resolved  to  unite  in  revenging  the  Injuries  they 
have  received  from  that  perfidious  Nation.  And  we  have  the 
most  sanguine  Hopes,  that  you,  fired  with  Indignation  at  their 
repeated  Acts  of  Barbarity,  and  animated  with  that  Spirit,  for 
which  the  Cherokees  have  been  ever  remarkable,  will  not  suffer 
the  Blood  of  your  Brothers  the   English,  who  are  always  ready 

♦  The  Natchez,  who  lived  originally  about  the  site  of  the  present  city 
of  the  name,  became  involved  in  a  war  with  the  French  in  1729,  which 
resulted  in  their  complete  destruction  as  a  tribe  in  the  following  year. 
The  remnant  fled  in  various  directions,  and  at  the  time  of  this  treaty 
many  of  them  were  living  among  the  Cherokees  {Siouan  Tribes^  &c,^ 
83-84).  A  reference,  therefore,  to  their  misfortunes  could  be  made  to 
the  Cherokees  with  peculiar  effectiveness. 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    1 756.  249 

to  sacrifice  their  Lives  and  Fortunes  in  your  Defence,  to  remain 
unavenged.  Wherefore,  we  invite  you  to  follow  the  Example 
of  the  Six  Nations,  by  joining  not  only  your  own  Force  with 
ours,  but  likewise  by  calling  on  all  the  Nations  either  in  Alliance 
with  you,  or  depending  on  you,  to  assist  us.  By  which  Means 
you  will  manifest  your  Duty  to  the  King  your  Father,  and  your 
Love  to  your  Brethren.  For  that  Purpose  you  shall  be  fur- 
nished with  Arms  and  Ammunition,  Cloathing  and  Provision. 
In  Confirmation  whereof,  and  to  enforce  our  Request,  we  present 
you  with  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Which  was  received  with  the  usual  Cry  of  Approbation. 
Brethren, 

**  We  have  heard,  that  the  French  have  been  endeavouring  by 
their  false  Reports  and  cunning  Insinuations,  to  alienate  your 
Affections  from  the  English,  but  we  have  too  great  Confidence  in 
your  Integrity,  to  suspect  that  you  can  be  influenced  by  their 
deceitful  and  empty  Speeches:  And  we  flatter  ourselves  that  you 
will  on  all  Occasions,  give  us  the  best  and  earliest  Intelligence, 
of  any  Designs  that  may  be  formed  to  our  Disadvatage.  By 
such  generous  and  candid  Behaviour,  you  will  not  only  establish 
a  Friendship  with  us  upon  a  lasting  and  permanent  Foundation, 
but  also  merit  the  Esteem  of  the  King  your  Father,  who  never 
fails  to  feed  his  dutiful  Children  when  they  are  hungry,  and 
cloath  them  when  they  are  naked. — In  Pledge  of  the  Truth  of 
what  we  have  spoken,  and  of  our  Inclination  to  live  and  die  with 
you,  we  give  you  this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Which  was  received  with  the  usual  Cry  of  Approbation. 
Brethren, 

**It  gives  us  Concern  to  hear  that  you  should  suspect  your 
Friend,  Richard  Smith,  of  endeavouring  to  prevail  on  us,  to 
leave  Part  of  the  Goods  designed  for  you  at  the  Catawbas,  by 
insinuating  that  you  were  not  a  People  worthy  of  a  large  Pres- 
ent. We  assure  you  that  the  Report  is  without  the  least  Foun- 
dation, and  that  if  he  had  attempted  to  lesson  you  in  our  Esteem, 
we  should  have  treated  him  with  the  greatest  Disdain.  Your  Bre- 
thren of  Virginia,  truly  sensible  of  your  inviolable  Attachment  to 
the  Interest  of  the  English,  have  taken  every  Opportunity  of  giv- 
ing you  Demonstrations  of  their  Affection.    The  Present  indeed  is 


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250  VIRGINIA   HISTORICA       MAGAZINE. 

not  SO  large  as  we  could  wish,  for  the*  Reason  already  mentioned 
that  the  most  material  Articles,  were  not  to  be  had  in  our  Col- 
ony. To  remove  these  Jealousies  for  the  future  we  would  fain 
have  you  send  some  of  your  Boys  to  Virginia,  where  we  have  a 
School*  erected  for  their  Education.  We  promise  you  that  all 
due  Care  shall  be  taken  of  them,  both  with  Respect  to  their 
Cloaths  and  Learning.  When  they  have  come  to  be  Men,  they 
will  be  acquainted  with  the  Manners  and  Customs  of  us  both, 
and  our  Children  will  naturally  place  such  Confidnnce  in  them  as 
to  employ  them  in  settling  any  Disputes  that  may  hereafter  arise. 
In  Token  of  the  Sincerity  of  our  Intentions,  and  of  our  great 
Desire,  that  you  should  accept  of  our  Invitation,  we  give  you 
this  Belt  of  Wampum. 

Which  was  received  with  the  usual  Cry  of  Approbation. 

CulloughcuUa,  repeating  to  the  Interpreter  what  had  been 
said,  desired  to  know  if  he  had  understood  him  right :  which 
when  the  Interpreter  answered  in  the  Affirmative,  he  addressed 
himself  to  the  Commissioners,  telling  them  that  they  would  de- 
liberately consider  every  Thing  that  had  been  said  to  them,  and 
return  them  an  Answer  To-morrow. 


March  15th,  1756. 

Present 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph   and  William  Byrd  Esquires, 

Commissioners. 

Thomas  Adams,  Esquire,  Secretary. 

The  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  Cherokees. 

Richard  Smith,  Abraham  Smith,  Daniel  Carrol, 

Interpreters. 

Culloughculla's  Answer  to  the  Commissioners*  Speech 

delivered  yesterday. 
Brothers, 

*'This  Day  is  appointed  from  above,  for  our  Meeting,  and  I 
rejoice  in  seeing  our  eldest  Brothers  the  Virginians  here  ;  and 
that  we  may  give  you  the  earliest  Assurance  of  our  Affection 
for  you,  I  present  you  with  this  String  of  Wampum.     I  have 


♦The  Indian  School  of  William  and  Mary  College,  generally  known 
as  the  Brafferton. 


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THE  INDIAN   TREATY  OF    1756.  251 

been  in  England,  and  have  seen  the  Great  King,  you  have  so 
often   had   Occasion  to  mention.     He  then  acknowledged  the 
Cherokees  to  be  his  Children,  as  well  as  the  English,  and  desired 
that  we  might  continue  Brethren  for  ever.     I  shall  always  remem- 
ber my  Father's  Command,  and  shall,  whenever  I  have  an  Oppor- 
tunity, give  the  strongest  Demonstrations  of  my  Readiness  to 
obey  them.     It  gives  me  the  greatest  Concern  to  hear  of  the 
horrid  Murders  committed  by  the  Indians  on  the  Frontier  Inhab- 
itants of  Virginia,  and  our  Endeavours  shall  not  be  wanting,  to 
prevent  such  Massacres  for  the  future  ;  altho*  I  must  tell  you  that 
all  our  People,  who,  by  their  Situation,  can  be  most  useful  on 
this  Occasion,  live  in  the  upper  Towns,  who  are  as  much  exposed 
to  the  Incursions  of  the  French  and  Indians,  as  your  Frontier 
Inhabitants  ;  and  unless  we  have  a  Fort  built  for  the  Protection 
of  our  Wives  and  Children,  in  the  Absence  of  our  Warriors,  it 
will  not  be  safe  for  us  to  leave  them.     We  have  had  frequent 
Promises  from   the  Governor  of  South-Carolina,  to  build  us  a 
Fort ;  and  it  was  stipulated  at  a  Treaty*  held  at  Saludy  last  Sum- 
mer, when  we  signed  a  Release  for  our  Lands  to  the  Great  King 
George  :  But  we  do  not  find,  that  that  Governor  has  yet  made 
the   least   Preparations   towards   performing   his    Engagement. 
Wherefore,  we  are  sorry  to  tell  you,  that  we  don't  much  rely  on 
him.     The  King,  our  Father  told  me,  that  we  should  mutually 
assist  each  other,  and  therefore,  as  we  are  unacquainted  with  the 
manner  of  building  Forts,  and  had  not  the  necessary  Materials, 
we  thought  ourselves  justifiable  in  making  our  Application  to 
Governor  Glen,  who,  I  must  again  repeat  it.  has  forfeited  his 
Word.     I  have  a  Hatchet  ready,  but  we  hope  our  Friends  will 
not  expect  us  to  take  it  up,  'til  we  have  a  Place  of  Safety  for  our 
Wives  and  Children.     When  they  are  secured,  we  will  immedi- 
ately send  a  great  Number  of  Warriors  to  be  employed  by  your 
Governor,  where  he  shall  think  proper.     I  have  given  a  true 
State  of  the  Condition  of,  our  Country,  and  desire  you  will  make 

•  The  treaty  with  Governor  Glen  of  South  Carolina,  concluded  at 
Saluda,  S.  C,  November  24,  1755,  by  which  the  Cherokees  ceded  the 
lands  within  the  present  limits  of  Abbeville,  Edgefield,  Laurens,  Union, 
Spartanburg,  Newberry,  Chester,  Fairfield,  Richland  and  York,  South 
Carolina.    (Royce,  The  Cherokee  Nation  of  Indians.) 


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252  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

a  true  Representation  of  our  Situation  to  your  Governor,  and  at 
the  same  Time  tell  him.  that  if  no  Steps  are  taken  for  our  Secur- 
ity, the  French  will  extinguish  the  Friendly  Fire  between  us  :  If 
he  should  have  any  Message  to  send  us  hereafter,  or  should  think 
it  expedient  to  send  Commissioners  again  to  us,  we  desire  they 
may  come  the  Northward  Path,  it  being  the  nearest.  As  it  is  a 
very  dangerous  Way,  we  need  not  recommend  it  to  him  to  send 
a  strong  Guard.  Our  Governor  is  old  and  infirm,  and  can  by 
no  Means  cross  the  Mountains,  to  meet  you  on  the  Southern 
Path,  but  I  am  instructed  to  tell  you,  that  he  will  on  any  Oc- 
casion meet  you  at  Stalnacker's,*and  he  hopes  that  the  Governor 


*  Samuel  Stalnaker,  probably  one  of  the  numerous  German  emigrants 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  western  part  of  Virginia,  was  at  one  time  the 
latter  colony's  most  western  inhabitant. 

Dr.  Thomas  Walker,  in  his  journal  {Fiison  Club  PubHcations,  No.  13, 
pp.  41,  42),  states  that  in  April,  1748,  he  met  Stalnaker,  then  on  his  way 
to  the  Cherokees  between  the  Reedy  Creek  settlement  and  the  Holston 
river»  Stalnaker  was  already  an  experienced  trader  and  hunter,  and  is 
believed  to  have  told  VV^alker  of  Cumberland  Gap  at  that  time.  On 
March  23,  1750  Dr.  Walker  and  his  associates,  on  their  w^y  to  Kentucky, 
again  met  Stalnaker  (who  had  just  come  to  the  p  ace  to  settle)  on  the 
Middle  Fork  of  Holston,  and  helped  him  to  build  his  house.  This  was 
then  the  last  settlement  in  Virginia  to  the  westward.  On  Fry  and 
Jefferson's  Map^  1751,  this  settlement  is  located  on  the  Middle  Fork  of 
Holston,  on  the  north  side,  a  few  miles  above  iis  junction  with  the 
South  Fork.  This  was  no  doubt  the  place  where  the  Cherokees 
wished  to  meet  any  future  conmiissioners  from  Virginia. 

On  June  78,  1755,  Samuel  Stalnaker,  **of  Holston,"  was  captured  by 
the  Shawnese,  and  his  son  Adam  and  a  Mrs.  Stalnaker  killed  by  the 
same  party  (Waddell's  Annah  of  Augusta,  p.  154.)  The  statement  of 
Withers  i^Border  War/are^  new  edition,  p.  343)  that  the  elder  Stalnaker 
was  never  actually  in  the  hands  of  the  Indians,  but  escaped  by  hard  riding, 
is  contradicted  by  the  "Preston  List,"  cited  by  Waddell,  and  by  several 
letters  from  Governor  Dinwiddle,  of  various  dates  in  June  and  July, 
1756,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  one  Stalnaker,  an  inhabitant  of  Augusta 
county,  had  been  captured  by  the  Shawnese,  but  had  escaped  and  had 
reported  on  the  number  of  French  and  Indians  he  had  seen.  {Dinwid- 
die  Papers,  II,  447,  448,  451.) 

In  September,  1756,  the  Governor  wrote  to  Col.  Clement  Read, 
County-Lieutenant  of  Lunenburg,  directing  him  to  give  Stalnaker  /*ioo 
to  qualify  him  to  raise  his  company  and  to  build  a  little  fort  at  Draper's 
Meadows  (now  Smithfield,  Montgomery  county).     The  settlement  here 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY    OF    1756.  253 

of  Virginia,  will  not  refuse  him  a  Meeting  there.     To  convince 
you  of  our  Attachment  to  your  Interest,  and  to  enforce  our  Re- 
quest, we  give  you  this  String  of  Wampum. 
Brothers, 

**It  gives  us  Concern  to  find,  that  for  so  many  Years  our 
Brethren  of  Virginia,  have  declined  a  Trade  with  us.  The  King 
our  Father,  when  I  was  in  England,  assured  me  that  we  should 
constantly  be  supplied  with  Goods  :  but  we  have  hitherto  found 

was,  at  the  time,  the  first  west  of  the  Alleghany  d'vide,  and  the  first 
on  Wood's,  or  New  River. 

The  garrison  was  probably  not  long  retained  here,  as  Dinwiddie, 
writing  to  Major  Lewis,  December  17,  1756,  says  that  he  does  not 
think  that  Stalnaker  should  complain  at  the  reduction  of  the  number  of 
fort<,  but  thinks  it  would  be  well  to  appoint  him  a  lieutenant  in  a  fort, 
"being  well  acquainted  with  the  woods,  and  a  good  Pilot  or  Guide  upon 
occasion."     {Dinwiddie  Papers,  II.  567.) 

Stalnaker  was  present  at  a  council  of  war  held  at  Staunton,  July  29, 
1756,  to  determine  the  location  of  forts  to  be  built  on  the  frontier 
(Summers's  History  of  Southwest  Virginia,  pp.  66,  67^.  Mr.  Summers 
thinks  that  it  was  at  his  request  that  stockade  forts  were  built  at 
Dunkard's  Bottom,  on  New  River,  and  at  Davis's  Bottom,  on  the  head 
waters  of  the  Middle  Fork  of  Holston.  It  was  intended  that  Captain 
Stalnaker  should  take  part  in  an  expedition  against  the  Shawnese 
which  was  in  preparation  in  the  beginning  of  1757,  but  the  campaign 
wa*i  abandoned. 

About  1768  or  '69,  J.  F  D.  Smyth,  the  English  traveller,  visited  South- 
west Virginia,  and  found  Stalnaker  living  at  his  old  home  on  the 
Middle  Fork  of  Holston.  He  says  that  after  crossing  that  stream  three 
times  during  the  day,  '*  at  night  we  came  to  Sialnaker's,  where  a  few 
people,  indeed  all  the  inhabitants,  had  also  erected  a  kind  of  wretched 
stockade  fort  for  protection  against  the  Indians  ;  but  they  had  all  left 
it  a  few  days  before  our  arrival  and  returned  to  their  respective 
homes.  We  remained  for  two  days  at  the  old  Dutchman's  house,  for 
rest  and  refreshment  for  ourselves  and  horses,  ♦  *  »  and  also  to 
make  inquiry  concerning  our  future  route  "to  Kentucky.  The  old 
pioneer,  still  wise  in  all  the  learning  of  the  wilderness,  was  able  to 
describe  to  Smyth,  as  he  had  many  years  before  to  Walker,  a  new 
route  to  Kentucky,  which  had  recently  been  discovered,  and  which  was 
a  nearer  way  than  that  commonly  used. 

This  seems  to  be  the  last  notice  of  the  sturdy  frontiersman  who 
played  no  unimportant  part  in  the  advancement  of  Virginia  towards 
the  west 


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264  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

it  Otherwise.  We  tell  you  this,  in  hopes  that  when  your  Gov- 
ernor knows  it,  he  will  give  proper  Encouragement  to  some  of 
his  People  to  open  a  Trade  with  us.  You  perceive  the  Naked- 
ness of  our  People,  and  are  very  sensible,  that  we  are  unable  to 
make  any  Thing  but  Bows  and  Arrows  for  our  Defence ;  they 
are  but  bad  Weapons,  compared  with  Guns  which  kill  at  a  great 
Distance.  The  French  supply  their  Indians  with  the  best  of 
Fire-Arms,  and  in  that  they  have  the  advantage  of  us  :  and 
therefore  we  again  repeat  our  Request  to  you,  to  begin  a  Trade 
with  us,  which  we  hope  will  be  to  our  mutual  Advantage. — To 
enforce  our  Request  we  present  you  with  these  Skins. 
Brethren, 

*  *  Our  Governor  gave  us  a  particular  Charge  to  let  you  know 
our  Wants,  and  at  the  same  Time  to  assure  you,  that  the  Path 
shall  be  cleared  for  your  Traders,  in  such  a  Manner,  as  that  it 
shall  never  wear  out.  He  also  directed  us  to  desire  that  you 
will  transmit  this  Treaty  to  the  Great  King  on  the  other  Side  the 
Water,  who,  we  doubt  not  is  quite  ignorant  of  our  Circum- 
stances, and  will  relieve  us  as  soon  as  he  is  acquainted  with  them. 

To  remind  you  of  this  Request  we  give  you  these  Skins. 

Cunnetalogo,  then  rose  up  and  spoke  as  follows, 

'*  I  am  sent  a  Messenger  by  the  Governor  of  our  Nation,  with 
this  Belt  of  Wampum,  to  acquaint  you  of  his  Infirmities,  and 
that  he  could  not  possibly  cross  the  Mountains,  but  that  if  the 
Governor  of  Virginia,  should  hereafter  think  proper  to  have  a 
Meeting,  with  him,  he  could  very  conveniently  come  to  Stal- 
naker's.  He  also  desired  me  to  inform  you  that  he  thought 
himself  in  great  Danger,  and  that  he  could  not  possibly  send  out 
any  Warriors  to  your  Assistance,  *til  he  had  a  place  of  Security, 
in  their  Absence,  for  their  Wives  and  Children  ;  he  therefore 
hopes  the  Men  will  be  sent  immediately  to  erect  a  Fort.  I  am 
also  directed  to  acquaint  you,  that  the  Trade  we  have  with  Caro- 
lina, is  not  sufficient  to  supply  us  with  Necessaries,  which  you 
may  judge  from  our  Nakedness.  I  do  in  our  Governor's  Name 
entreat  you,  to  represent  our  Condition  to  your  Governor,  who, 
we  make  no  doubt,  when  he  is  informed  of  our  Poverty,  from 
the  Mouths  of  Men  he  can  rely  on,  will  send  Traders  to  us.  We 
will  open  the  Path  and  keep  it  clear. 


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THE   INDIAN  TREATY   OF    1 756.  255 

Gave  a  Belt  of  Wampum. 

The  Commissioners  desired  the  Interpreter  to  tell  them,  that 
they  would  consider  on  what  they  had  severally  said,  and  give 
them  an  Answer  To-morrow. 


March  i6th,  1756. 
Present. 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 

Commissioners. 

Thomas  Adams,  Elsquire,  Secertary. 

The  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  Cherokees. 

Richard  Smith,  Abraham  Smith,  Daniel  Carrol, 

Interpreters. 

The  Commissioners  spoke  as  follows, 
Brethren, 

**  We  are  much  pleased  at  the  Satisfaction  you  expressed 
Yesterday  of  seeing  and  talking  with  your  Brethren  of  Virginia. 
But  at  the  same  Time  it  gave  us  no  small  Concern,  to  hear  from 
the  Mouth  of  one  of  your  greatest  Warriors,  who,  we  presume, 
spoke  the  Sentiments  of  you  all,  that  you  are  not  in  a  Condition 
to  assist  us.  You  reminded  us  of  our  mutual  Obligation  to  assist 
each  otiier  in  Case*  of  a  War  with  the  French,  which  we  ac- 
knowledge. And  the  Treaties  for  that  Purpose  gave  us  the 
strongest  Assurance  that  you  would  when  called  upon  to  join  our 
Forces  on  the  Ohio,  with  at  least  Five  Hundred  of  your  Warriors, 
which  we  hoped  mij^ht  be  well  spared,  as  your  Nation  is  very 
numerous.  You  tell  us  that  your  Towns  situated  on  the  upper 
Side  of  the  Mountains,  are  equally  exposed  with  our  Frontier 
Inhabitants  to  the  Incursions  of  the  French,  but  as  we  have 
always  heard,  that  there  were  only  a  few  Men  employed  in  build- 
ing the  Fort  you  mention,  and  those  at  a  great  Distance  from 
you,  we  had  no  Reason  to  apprehend  you  to  be  in  immcdiae 
Danger.  However,  as  you  thmk  otherwise,  we  must  allow,  that 
Self  Defence  ought  to  be  first  provided  for,  and  therefore,  to 
remove  all  Objections,  we,  in  Behalf  of  the  Colony  of  Virginia, 
do  engage,  that  thev  shall  contribute  their  Proportion  of  the 
Expence  of  building  a  strong  Fort  for  your  Protection,  provided, 
that  you  in  Behalf  of  your  Nations,  will  contract  to  supply  us 


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256  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

with  a  large  Number  of  your  Warriors,  when  that  is  completed  ; 
to  be  marched  into  any  Part  of  our  Colony,  upon  the  first  Notice. 
And  in  the  mean  Time,  if  you  can  supply  us  with  only  Two 
Hundred  Men,  you  will  have  the  greater  Pretensions  to  the 
Protection  of  the  King  your  Father.  We  are  the  more  solicitous 
for  your  Assistance  at  this  Juncture,  as  there  are  many  Indians 
in  the  French  Service,  whose  Method  and  Manner  of  Fighting, 
you  are  much  better  acquainted  with,  than  our  People. 

**  We  shall  faithfully  represent,  every  Thing  you  have  said  to 
us  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  who  will  transmit  this  Treaty  to 
the  King  your  Father,  and  not  only  use  his  good  Offices  with 
His  Majesty  in  your  Behalf,  but  also  his  Influence  on  the  Inhab- 
itants of  that  Colony,  to  engage  them  to  be  Adventurers  in  a 
Trade  with  you. 

•*  We  have  great  Hopes,  that  another  Meeting  will  be  quite 
unnecessary,  as  we  are  now  invested  with  a  full  Power  of  con- 
cluding a  Treaty  with  you,  and  you  may  be  assured,  our  Engage- 
ments will  be  punctually  performed.  If  our  Proposals  meet  with 
your  Approbation,  it  is  necessary  that  we  should  enter  into  an 
Obligation  to  perform  our  respective  Parts,  and  we  shall  prepare 
a  Writing  for  that  purpose,  and  send  it  to  you  this  Evening  for 
your  Perusal. 

"When  you  have  considered  it  and  consulted  your  People, 
you  will  then  acquaint  us  with  your  Thoughts  of  it,  for  which 
Purpose  we  will  attend  you  early  in  the  Morning,  and  shall  then 
hope  to  finish  our  Business.*' 

Culloughculla  answered,  that  they  were  very  desirous  of  bring- 
ing the  Treaty  to  a  Conclusion,-  and  that  they  would  take  the 
Articles  as  soon  as  they  were  prepared  under  their  immediate 
Consideration,  and  be  ready  to  give  a  final  Answer  in  the  Morn- 
ing. 


March  17th,  1756. 

Present 

The  Honorable  Peter  Randolph  and  William  Byrd,  Esquires, 

Commissioners  for  Virginia. 

Thomas  Adams,  Esquire,  Secretary, 

The  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  Cherokees. 


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THE   INDIAN  TREATY   OF    1 756.  257 

Richard  Smith,  Abraham  Smith,  Daniel  Carrol, 
Interpreters. 

Culloughculla  spoke  as  follows,  ' 

**The  Writing  you  sent  us  last  Night  has  been  interpreted  to 
us.  and  having  duly  considered  it,  we  approve  of  every  Thing 
contained  therein,  and  are  now  ready  on  our  Part  to  sign  it. 
We  will  engage  to  assist  you  with  Four  Hundred  Men  at  least, 
as  soon  as  the  Fort  is  completed,  and  we  are  not  without  Hopes; 
but  that  we  shall  then  be  able  to  send  you  double  that  Number.*' 

The  Commissioners  immediately  signed  it  in  Behalf  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  the  Sachems  in  Behalf  of  their  Nation  ;  after  which 
the  Sachems  by  the  Invitation  of  the  Commissioners  dined  with 
them,  when  the  Commissioners  drank  '  The  King's  Health,  the 
Royal  Family,  and  Success  to  the  Cherokee  Nation/  and  the 
Indians  returning  the  Compliment,  drank  '  His  Majesty,  the 
Royal  Family,  and  Prosperity  to  their  Brethren  the  English.* 
The  Indians  then  retired  to  their  Camp,  taking  first  leave  of  the 
Commissioners  and  those  present  and  expressing  themselves 
well  pleased  with  every  Thing  that  had  been  done. 


A  Copy  of  the  Articles. 

Be  it  known  to  all  those  to  whom  these  Presents  shall  come 
That  the  Honorable  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Esquire  Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor, and  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Colony  and  Dominion  of 
Virginia,  and  Ammoscosettee,  Emperor,  Otterle,  Culloughculla, 
Counnerculogo,  Onconago,  WuUonowa,  Occonnistoto,*Chuchu, 


♦  Oconostota,  head  king  of  the  Cherokees,  and  one  of  their  most 
noted  warriors.  He  visited  England  in  1730.  Though  he  is  generally 
stated  to  have  been  elected  head  king  of  his  nation  about  1738,  it  is 
evident  from  the  references  to  the  "Governor"  which  appear  in  the 
text,  that  Oconostota  was  not  at  this  time  the  supreme  head  of  the 
nation. 

For  a  time  he  was  friendly  to  the  English,  but  when  the  breach 
occurred  he  was  the  chief  leader  of  the  Cherokees  in  their  attacks  on 
Forts  Prince  George  and  Loudon  and  along  the  entire  frontier.  He  was 
defeated  and  reduced  to  submission,  but  again  in  1776,  took  the  lead  in 
the  plan  by  which  the  Indians,  in  alliance  with  the  English  forces,  were 
t 


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258  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Ukiyourough,  Ammoloyonker,  Kealkirustkee,  Telletchee,  Chu- 
noyounkkee,  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  the  great  and  powerful 
Nation  of  the  Cherokee  Indians,  laying  nothing  more  to  Heart, 
than  by  new  Ties,  to  strengthen  the  good  Correspondence  estab- 
lished between  the  Subjects  of  the  King  of  Great- Britain,  resid- 
ing in  North-America,  and  their  Brothers  and  faithful  Allies  the 
Cherokees,  and  to  prevent  by  Measures  taken  in  Time,  the 
Accidents  that  may  excite  a  War,  or  cause  a  Disunion  :  The 
Honorable  Peter  Randolph,  Esquire;  one  of  His  Majesty's  Coun- 
cil, Lieutenant  of  the  County  of  Henrico,  and  Surveyor-General 
of  His  Majesty's  Customs,  and  the  Honorable  William  Byrd, 
Esquire,  one  of  His  Majesty's  Council,  and  Lieutenant  of  the 
County  of  Lunenburg,  on  the  Part  and  Behalf  of  the  said  Robert 
Dinwiddie,  Esquire,  and  the  said  Colony  of  Virginia,  and  the 
said  Ammoscosettee,  Emperor,  and  Otterle-Culloughculla,  Coun- 
nerculogo,  Onconago,  Wullonowa,  Occonistoto,  Chuchu,  Uki- 
you  rough,  Ammotoyoukee,  Kealkirustkee,  Telletchee,  Chuno- 
younkkee,  Sachems  and  Warriors  on  the  Part  and  Behalf  of  the 
Cherokee  Nation,  having  full  Power,  do  treat,  accord,  and  con- 
clude the  following  Articles. 

L  That  the  ancient  Alliance  be  renewed,  and  the  old  Chain, 
brightened  between  the  English  and  Cherokees. 

II,  That  if  the  French  King  shall  at  any  Time  wage  War 
against  the  King  of  England,  the  Cherokees  shall  wage  War 
with  all  their  Power  against  the  French  King,  and  all  his  Allies. 

III.  That  Virginia  shall  assist  in  contributing  their  Proportion 
towards  the  building  a  strong  Fort,*  in  such  Part  of  the  Cherokee 


to  attack  the  Southern  States.  This  attack  was  everywhere  defeated, 
and  Oconostota  was  dethroned  by  his  own  people.  He  was  living  as 
late  as  1809,  a  drunken  vagabond,  who  would  wail  for  hours  over  his 
departed  greatness. 

♦Immediately  after  the  passage  of  the  resolution  of  the  Assembly 
Governor  Dinwiddie  took  active  measures  to  have  the  fort  built.  On 
April  24,  1756,  he  sent  Major  Andrew  Lewis  instructions  to  enlist  60 
men,  including  as  many  who  could  use  saw  and  ax  as  possible,  to 
purchase  100  beeves  to  drive  along  with  his  party  for  food,  and  to  pro- 
ceed with  all  possible  expedition  to  Chotte  (Choto)  in  the  Cherokee 
country.  On  his  arrival  he  was  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  chiefs  and 
consult  them  as  to  the  best  place  for  the  fort  and  also  to  obtain  from 


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jTHE   INDIAN  TREATY   OF    1756.  259 

Country  as  the  Sachems  and  Warriors  of  that  Nation  shall  direct, 
for  their  Protection. 

IV.  That  as  soon  as  the  said  Fort  shall  be  built,  the  Cherokees 
shall  within  Forty  Days  Notice,  march  into  Virginia,  Four  Hun- 
dred able  Warriors  to  such  Fort  or  Place,  as  the  Governor  of  that 


them  a  number  of  young  men  to  assist  as  laborers.  Whpn  the  fort  was 
finihhed  he  was,  if  it  should  be  thought  proper,  to  have  some  cannon 
mounted  on  it,  and  leave  a  garrison.  The  Governor  expected  assist- 
ance from  South  Carolina,  but  none  was  received. 

Lewis  carried  out  his  instructions  promptly,  and  after  consultation 
with  the  Cherokees,  built  a  fort  on  the  south  side  of  the  Tennessee 
river,  about  thirty  miles  above  the  site  of  Knoxville,  which  he 
named  Fort  Loudon,  in  honor  of  the  English  commander-in-chief  in 
North  America.  There  was  already  another  Fort  Loudon  at  Winches- 
ter. The  fort  among  the  Cherokees  was  considered  to  be  one  hundred 
miles  from  the  nearest  white  settlement. 

By  September  20,  1756,  most  of  the  force  under  Lewis  had  returned  • 
under  the  command  of  his  subordinate,  Captain  Samuel  Overton ;  but 
Major  Lewis  remained  behind  to  bring  in  the  expected  quota  of 
Cherokee  warriors.  By  August  26,  however,  the  Governor  had  heard 
of  the  completion  of  the  fort,  and  wrote  on  that  date  that  it  had  been 
built  by  Virginia  entirely  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Cherokees  and 
without  the  least  assistance  from  South  Carolina.     {Dinwiddie  Papers^ 

II,  490.) 

Major  Lewis  had  to  return  without  the  expected  aid,  and  though 
the  Virginia  Assembly  voted  ^2,000  for  a  garrison  of  50  men  to  be 
placed  in  Fort  Loudon  on  the  Tennessee,  it  is  not  certain  that  the  fort 
was  ever  garrisoned  by  Virginians.  A  little  later  the  Earl  of  Loudon 
placed  in  it  two  hundred  English  troops  under  Captains  Demere  and 
Stuart.  The  number  of  settlers  around  Fort  Loudon  increased  and  by 
1760  there  was  a  considerable  village  there.  When  war  between  the 
Cherokees  and  the  whites  began  the  Indians  invested  Fort  Loudon, 
which  from  its  remote  situation  was  in  great  danger.  The  govern- 
ment of  Virginia  sent  out  a  force  of  six  hundred  men  under  Col. 
William  Byrd  to  relieve  the  fort ;  but  he  was  greatly  hampered  by  lack 
of  supplies,  and  for  this  and  other  unknown  reasons,  his  advance  was 
very  slow.  On  reaching  the  Long  Island  of  Holston  he  built  a  fort  and 
spent  here  the  winter  of  1760,  and  though  while  here  he  was  joined  by 
five  hundred  North  Carolinians  under  Col.  Hugh  Waddell,  no  vigorous 
effort  seems  to  have  been  made  to  relieve  Fort  Loudon.  At  last 
reduced  to  starvation  the  fort  surrendered,  the  Indians  engaging  to 
allow  the  garrison  to  go,  unmolested,  to  Fort  Prince  George.     On  the 


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260  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Place  shall  order  or  appoint,  to  be  employed  in  the  Service  of 
the  said  Colony  as  Soldiers,  in  defending  the  Inhabitants  thereof 
against  the  Encroachments  of  the  Frtnch  and  Indians  in  their 
Alliance.  * 

first  night,  however,  after  the  English  troops  had  left  the  fort  they  were 
attacked  by  the  Indians  and  almost  to  a  man  were  killed  or  captured. 
This  was  the  bloody  end  of  Fort  Loudon.  (See  Dinwiddie  Papers,  II, 
389.  39 ».  393.  403,  433,  445.  485,  486,  493,  509,  533,  537,  539,  and 
Summers*s  History  of  Southwest  Virginia,  citing  Haywood,  68  75.) 

*The  armed  assistance  of  the  Souihern  Indians,  for  which  Governor 
Dinwiddie  struggled  so  hard,  was  probably  on  the  whole  of  but  little 
real  benefit,  and  in  the  -end  resulted  in  the  bloody  outbreak  of  the 
Cherokees.  In  August,  1756,  the  Governor  was  expecting  that  Lewis 
would  bring  in  at  least  150  Cherokee  warriors,  and  a  little  later  it  was 
thought  that  400  would  come ;  but  agents  of  the  French  Indians 
went  to  the  tribe,  and  for  a  lime  their  allegiance  to  the  English  was  so 
much  shaken  that  when  Maior  Lewis  returned  but  seven  men  came 
with  him.  The  Governor  was  very  indignant  at  the  ill-fnith  of  his  Indian 
allies,  but  on  November  sent  another  messenger  with  letters  to  various 
chiefs,  especially  to  Outacite  "  the  Man  Killer,"  who  had  shown  himself 
very  friendly  to  Lewis.     {Dinwiddie  Papers,  II,  348,  349,  353  ) 

In  the  spring  of  1757,  the  vacillating  Indians  again  determined  to 
assist  the  English,  and  before  April  6th,  300  Cherokees,  Catawbas, 
Tuscaroras  and  Nottoways  were  in  Virginia.  In  May  it  is  stated  that 
they  numbered  400  warriors.  They  went  northward  towards  Win- 
chester by  way  of  Bedford  C.  H.,  and  on  their  way  committed  many 
outrages.  The  Governor  mentions  that  they  ravished  one  person,  and 
scalped  a  Chickasaw  in  the  yard  of  Col.  Clement  Read  of  Lunenburg 
county.  He  thanked  Col.  Read  for  quieting  the  people's  resentment 
and  took  steps  to  prevent  further  violence  on  the  part  of  the  Indians. 

When  the  Indians  reached  Winchester  the  Governor  directed  that 
theyshouM  go  with  parties  of  the  English  "  a  scalping.'*  **A  barba- 
rous method  of  war,"  says  Dinwiddie,  ''introduced  by  the  French, 
which  we  are  obliged  to  follow  in  our  own  Defence." 

They  were  very  fickle  and  uncertain  in  their  movements.  In  June  a 
party  of  30  Cherokees  under  Outacite,  instead  of  going  to  Winchester, 
as  was  desired,  came  down  to  Williamsburg,  and  had  to  receive  many 
presents  before  they  could  be  induced  to  go  to  the  front.  In  the  same 
month  220  Catawbas,  Tuscaroras  and  Nottoways,  who  had  been  in 
service  but  a  short  time,  returned  home,  coming  by  Williamsburg  on 
their  way.  They  left  180  Cherokees  still  with  the  Virginia  forces 
(Dinwiddie  /^/^rj.  II,  6^5,  609,  641,  etc ),  and  these,  who  may  have 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY    OF    1756.  261 

V.  That  if  the  French  shall  at  any  Time,  directly  or  indirectly 
make  use  of  any  Means,  either  by  coming  into  the  Nation  them- 
selves, or  sending  their  Indians  with  Belts  of  Wampum,  or  by 
any  other  Way  whatsoever,  endeavour  to  prevail  on  the  Chero- 
kees  to  infringe  this  Treaty,  the  Cherokees  shall  forthwith  dis- 
patch a  Messenger,  in  whom  they  can  confide,  to  the  Governor  of 
Virginia,  to  acquaint  him  with  the  same,  and  the  particular 
Measures  so  taken. 

VI.  That  if  the  Cherokees  at  any  Time  shall  know,  or  be  in- 
formed of,  any  Schemes  that  the  French  or  their  Indians  may 
plan,  to  the  Prejudice  of  the  English,  they  shall  give  immediate 
Intelligence  thereof  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia. 

VII.  That  the  Warriors  which  shall  be  employed  in  the  Ser- 
vice of  the  English,  in  the  Colony  of  Virginia,  be  found  and 
provided  at  the  Expence  of  that  Colony,  with  all  necessary 
Cloaths,  Victuals,  Arms  and  Ammunition. 

VIII.  That  neither  the  Cherokees  nor  Virginians,  shall  protect 
the  disobedient  Subjects  of  the  other,  or  entertain  Rebels,  Trai- 
tors or  Fugitives,  but  within  Twenty  Days  after  due  Requisition 
made,  shall  deliver  them  up. 

IX.  That  the  Cherokees  shall  not  suffer  or  permit  the 
French  to  build  any  Fort  or  Fortification,  on  any  of  their  Lands 
on  the  Waters  of  the  Mississippi  or  elsewhere,  that  may  annoy 
the  English,  if  in  their  Power  to  prevent  it 

X.  That  if  any  Subject  belonging  to  the  King  of  Great- Britain, 
rc-siding  in  ^'irginia,  or  any  Cherokee  belonging  to  the  Cherokee 
Nation,  shall  ofliend  against  this  Treaty,  they  shall  be  punished, 

'  without  the  Treaty  being  any  Way  therefore  infringed,. 

Done  and  signed  at  Broad- River,  in  the  Province  of  North- 


been  reinforced  later,  took  part  in  Forbes's  capture  of  Fort  Duquesne  in 
1759,  and  were  soon  afterward  dismissed  and  returned  home.  On  their 
way  they  committed  various  outrages  on  the  frontier  inhabitants, 
who  retaliated  by  killing  tw<flveor  fourteen  of  them  and  taking  others 
prisoners.  This  aroused  the  deep  resentment  of  the  Cherokees,  who 
immediately  took  up  arms  against  the  settlers  all  along  the  southern 
border.     Their  capture  of  Fort  Loudon  has  been  told. 


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262  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Carolina,  this  Seventeenth  Day  of  March,  in  the  XXIXth  Year 
of  His  Majesty's  Reign,  Anno.  Dom.  1756. 

Peter  Randolph  [L.  S. 

William  Byrd  [L.  S. 

Ammoscosette,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Chuchu,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Otterle-Culloughculla,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Counnerculogo,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Oncohago,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Wullonowa,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Occonistoto,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Ukiyourough,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Ammotoyouker,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Kealkirustkee,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Telletche'e,  (mark)  [L.  S. 

Chunoyounkkee,  (mark)  [L.  S. 


His  Honor  the  Governor  was  pleased  the  12th  of  April.  1756. 
to  send  the  following  Message  to  the 

House  of  Burgesses.  . 

Mr.  Speaker,  and  Gentlemen  of  the  House  of  Burgesses, 

**  I  have  thought  it  proper  to  communicate  to  your  House,  my 
Commission  and  Instructions  to  Peter  Randolph  and  William 
Byrd,  Esquires,  appointed  Commissioners,  to  treat  on  Behalf  of 
this  Government  with  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees,  with  my 
Letter  to  those  Gentlemen,  containing  some  Observations  which  I 
judge  might  be  of  Service  in  their  Negociations  with  those  People, 
and  my  two  Speeches  to  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees.  And  to 
give  you  all  the  Satisfaction  I  am  at  present  capable  of,  I  send  you 
the  joint  Letter  of  the  Commissioners  to  me,  dated  the  17th  of 
last  Month.  The  Treaty  I  have  not  yet  received,  nor  expect  it 
before  their  Return. 

The  said  Letter  from  the  Commissioners  signified  they  had 
that  Day  concluded  their  Business  with  the  Cherokees,  who 
would  by  no  Means  consent  to  part  with  any  of  their  Warriors 


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THE   INDIAN   TREATY   OF    I756.  263 

*til  they  had  a  Fort  built,  for  the  Protection  of  their  Women  and 
Children  in  their  Absence,  but  engaged  as  soon  as  it  was  com- 
pleated  to  send  Four  Hundred  of  their  Warriors  to  our  Assis- 
tance. That  their  Sachems  would  engage  for  no  more,  but  at 
the  same  Time  assured  them,  they  might  probably  send  at  least 
a  Thousand  which  there  was  little  Reason  to  doubt  of,  as  they 
appear  to  have  particular  Regard  for  Virginia.  That  it  was  the 
Opinion  of  Mr.  Smith,  who  is  well  acquainted  with  their  Situa- 
tion, that  if  we  should  neglect  to  build  the  Fort  this  Summer, 
they  will  be  under  a  Necessity  of  joining  the  French  ;  wherefore, 
they  (the  Commissioners)  had  stipulated  and  promised  in  Behalf 
of  this  Colony,  that  a  Fort  should  be  actually  erected  in  the 
Cherokee  Country  with  all  possible  Expedition. 

Upon  this  the  House  of  Burgesses  came  to  the  following 
Resolutions,  viz. 

Resolved,  That  a  Fort  be  erected  in  the  Country  of  the  Cher- 
okees. 

Resolved,  That  an  humble  Address  be  made  to  the  Governor 
to  desire  that  his  Honor  will  be  pleased  to  pay  for  erecting  the 
said  Fort  out  of  the  money,  which  His  Majesty  was  pleased  to 
send  to  him  for  the  Use  of  this  Colony  now  remaining  in  his 
Hands. 

To  which  the  Governor  sent  the  following  Answer. 
Mr.  Speaker,  and  Gentleman  of  the  House  of  Burgesses, 

**In  Answer  to  your  Resolve,  I  am  to  acquaint  you,  That 
since  the  Conversation  between  your  Committee  and  myself, 
concerning  the  Application  of  the  Ballance  remaining  in  my 
Hands  of  the  Money  His  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  to  send 
for  the  Protection  of  the  Colony,  I  have  disbursed  several  large 
Sums  in  the  Purchase  of  Beeves,  and  other  Necessaries  for  the 
Forces;  however,  I  will  engage  to  furnish  Eight  Hundred 
Pounds  towards  that  necessary  Work,  the  erecting  a  Fort  you 
have  resolved  on  in  the  Cherokee  Country.  But  I  should  be 
glad  you  would  appoint  some  proper  Pesrons  tJ  make  an  Esti- 
mate of  the  Expence  of  the  Undertaking,  that  a  suitable  Pro- 
vision may  be  made  to  go  on  with  the  Work  with  Dispatch  and 
Regularity. 


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264  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  House  of  Burgesses  after  that  Message,  came  to  the 
following  Resolution. 

Resolved,  That  an  humble  Address  be  made  to  the  Governor, 
to  desire  that  his  Honor  will  be  pleased  to  appoint  Major  Andrew 
Lewis,*  and  Captain  Samuel  Overton  f  to  manage  and  overlook 
the  Building  a  Fort  in  the  Cherokee  Country,  and  to  Assure 
his  Honor  that  this  House  will  make  good  any  Deficiency  that 
the  Sum  his  Honor  has  been  pleased  to  say  he  would  pay  to- 
wards erecting  the  said  Fort,  shall  fall  short,  so  as  the  same  do 
not  exceed  Two  Thousand  Pounds  in  the  whole. 

To  which  his  Honor  answered,  *'He  was  well  satisfied  with 
the  Resolution  of  their  House,  and  should  appoint  Major  Lewis, 
to  oversee  the  Construction  of  the  said  Fort." 

And  in  Consequence  thereof,  the  Governor  was  pleased  to 
order  Major  Lewis,  to  march  immediately  with  Sixty  Men,  Tools, 
Utensils,  and  Provisions  to  Choto,  in  the  Cherokee  Country, 
for  that  Service. 

FINIS. 

Correction.— The  date  1775  in  the  note  on  page  236  of  ihis  Maga- 
zine should  be  1755. 


*For  Andrew  Lewis,  one  of  the  most  distinguished  Virginians  of 
his  lime,  and  accounts  of  the  Lewis  family,  see  Peyton's  History  of 
Augusta  County ;  VVaddell's  Annals  of  Augusta  County ;  Withers's 
Chronictes  of  Border  Warfare,  Thwaite's  edition;  Summers's  History 
of  Southwest  Virginia ;  The  West  Virginia  Historical  Magazine,  II, 
19;  IV,  81,  94,  109,  116,  136,  142. 

t  Captain  Samuel  Overton,  of  Hanover  county,  was  an  active  and 
efficient  officer  throughout  ihe  French  and  Indian  War.  It  was  in 
connection  with  a  sermon  preached  August  17,  1755,  before  his  company 
of  Hanover  volunteers,  sai<i  to  have  been  the  first  raised  in  Virginia 
after  Braddock's  defeat,  that  Kev.  Samuel  Davies  made  the  famous 
reference  to  Washington.  It  is  shown  by  various  papers  among  the 
Virginia  French  and  Indian  War  land  bounty  vouchers,  that  he  com- 
manded a  company  of  rangers  in  1755  and  1756,  and  he  appears  to  have 
later  been  a  captain  of  Virginia  regulars. 


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VESTRY  BOOK   OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  265 

THE    VESTRY    BOOK     OF    KING    WILLIAM 
PARISH,  VA.,  1707-1750. 
(continued) 
January  21,  1743.  The  vestry  assembled:  Present  GuiHeaume 
Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Etiene  Malet,  Andre  Amonnet,  Jean 
Pierre  Bilbo,  David  Lesueur,  Jean  Vilain,  Daniel  Pero.    The 
vestry  made  the  allotment  in  tobacco  for  discharging  the  ex- 
penses of  the  parish  of  King  William.     For  the  Reverend 
Monsieur  Gavain,  twelve  pounds  in  money,  amounting  to  1997 
lbs.  of  tobacco ;  for  the  Clerk,  eight  months'  arrears,  666  lbs., 
and  for  a  year's  salary,  1,000  lbs.;  for  the  sexton,  250  lbs., 
and  for  the  coclecte  (collecteV^  234  lbs.    The  church  war- 
dens shall  levy  eighteen  pounds  of  tobacco  per  tithable,  the 
whole  amounting  to  four  thousand  one  hundred  and  forty- 
seven  pounds. 

Jean  Jacques  Dupuy,** 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
EsTiNNE  Mallet, 
Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Vileain, 
Daniel  Perro, 
David  Le  Sueur, 

The  same  day  David  Lesueur  and  Jean  Chastain  settled  their 
note,  which  they  owe  to  the  parish,  and  they  are  quit  for  the 
year  1740. 

GuiLLAUME  Salle," 
Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  . 
EsTiENNE  Mallet, 
Andre  Amonnet, 
Jean  Vilain, 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 
Daniel  Pereaud. 

The  year  of  the  clerk  commences  Christmas,  1743. 

Jean  Chastain. 

••A  collection  for  the  poor  of  the  parish  is  probably  meant. 
"•Signatures  personal.  ^rsignatures  personal. 


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266  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

October  i,  1744.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Andre  Amonnet,  David  Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran, 
Jean  Levilain,  Jean  Bernar,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Faure. 
The  vestry  appointed  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  and  Jean  Levilian  to 
go  to  Wmbourg  to  bear  a  petition  to  the  Governor  and  to  the 
Council  to  maintain  our  parish. 

Jean  Chastain. 

November  17,  1744.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Jean 
Jaque  Dupuy,  Guilieaume  Salle,  David  Lesueur,  Jeai^  Levilian, 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Daniel  Perro,  Jacob  Trabu,  took  the  oath 
and  the  test  of  vestryman  for  the  parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

January  19,  1744I5.  Pierre  David  took  the  oath  of  vestry- 
man for  the  parish  of  King  William,  in  the  presence  of  the 
vestry  named  below:  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Guilieaume  Salle, 
David  Lesueur,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Jacob  Trabu,  Pierre  Gue- 
ran, Jean  Villain,  Andre  Amonnet,  Daniel  Perro. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Daniel  Perro  and  Jean  Chastain  were  named 
Church  Wardens  by  the  vestry  present  for  the  present  year, 
and  took  the  usual  oath. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  Sieurs  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  and  Guilieaume 
Salle  rendered  account  of  their  administration  for  the  year, 
1744.    They  are  quit  of  all. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Daniel  Pero,** 

Jacob  Trabue, 

Peter  David, 

Andre  Amonnet, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 

Pierre  Guerrant, 

Jean  Vilean, 

David  Lesueur. 

"Signatures  personal. 


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VESTRY   BOOK  OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  267 

The  same  day,  January  19,  1744IS.  The  levy  for  the  present 
year  was  made.  The  levy  amounts  to  fifteen  pounds  of  tobacco 
per  head,  viz  :  one  thousand  pounds  for  a  minister,  one  thou- 
sand for  the  clerk,  two  hundred  and  fifty  for  the  sexton,  for  the 
poor,  six  hundred,  for  the  expenses  of  the  parish,  two  hundred 
and  fifty,  amounting  to  3,500. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Novmber  2,  1745.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Andre  Amonnet,  Guiliaume  Salle,  Pierre  Gueran, 
Daniel  Pero,  Pierre  David,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo.  The  vestrymen 
took  the  oath  prescribed  by  the  canon  law  in  the  usual  manner. 

The  same  day  Andre  Amonnet  and  Pierre  David  took  the 
oath  of  church  wardens. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Daniel  Perro  and  Jean  Chastain  rendered 
their  account  for  their  administration   for  the  year    1744. 
They  owe  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  of  tobacco. 


Jean  Chastain^ 
Church  Wardens. 


Peter  David,^** 
Andre  Amonnet, 
David  Le  Sueur, 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
Pierre  Guerrant, 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 
Daniel  Perot. 

November  2,  1745.  The  vestry  having  assembled,  the  assess- 
ment was  made,  amounting  to  sixteen  pounds  of  tobacco  per 
head.    The  whole  amounts  to  3,840. 

Jean  Chastain. 
Andre  Amonnet,    f     ^-t       «   -,ir    j 
Peter  David.  \     Churchwardens. 

GiLLAUME  Salle,'® 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 
David  Le  Sueur, 
Daniel  Perot. 

"Signatures  personal.  "^Signatures  personal. 


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Church  Wardens. 


268  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

April  I,  1746.  The  vestry  assembled  according  t^  the  cus- 
tom prescribed  by  law.** 

Jean  Chastain. 
Andre  Amonnet,^^    ) 
Peter  David.  j 

David  Le  Sueur, 
Jacob  Trabue, 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
Pierre  Guerrant, 

December  i,  1746.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Andre 
Amonnet,  Pierre  David,  David  Lesueur,  Guilaume  Salle,  Jacob 
Trabu,  Daniel  Perro,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Guerran,  Jean 
Chastain. 

The  same  day  Pierre  Gueran  and  David  Lesueur  were 
named  as  church  wardens  for  the  present  year,  1746,  in  the 
presence  of  the  vestrymen  above  mentioned,  and  they  took  the 
oath  prescribed  by  law. 

December  i,  1746.  Andre  Amonnet  and  Pierre  David  ren- 
dered their  account  of  their  administration  for  the  year  1745, 
in  the  presence  of  the  vestrymen  named  above.  They  owe 
eighty-two  pounds  of  tobacco,  payable  to  the  church  wardens 
of  the  present  year. 

The  same  day,  by  order  of  the  vestry  named  above,  the  glebe 
will  be  let  from  the  creek  to  the  highroad  on  the  river,  under 
such  conditions  as  the  church  wardens  shall  find  proper. 

The  same  day  Andre  Amonnet  asked  his  discharge,  and  it . 
was  granted  him. 

Pierre  Guerrant/'  )    ^^      l  Txr    j 
David  Le  Sueur,       }    ^^'''''^  Wardens. 

Daniel  Perot, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 

GuiLLAUME  Salle, 

Jacob  Trabu, 

Jean  Chastain. 

•*No  business  seems  to  have  been  transacted. 

•"Signatures  personal.  "Signatures  personal. 


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VESTRY  BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  269 

March  7,  1746I7.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy, 
Jacob  Trabu,  Daniel  Perro,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo.  Isaac  Dutoy 
took  the  oath  of  vestryman  for  the  parish  of  King  William. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  it  was  agreed  that  the  service  shall  be  half  in 
English  and  half  in  French. 

Jean  Chastain. 

March  7,  1746I7.  Daniel  Pero  and  Jean  Chastain  settled 
their  account  for  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  of  tobacco, 
which  they  owed  on  their  administration  of  the  year    1745. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  levy  was  made  for  the  present  year, 
1746I7,  of  sixteen  pounds  of  tobacco  per  head ;  viz. : 

For  the  minister   i  ,000 

For  the  clerk .1,000 

For  the  sexton 150 

John  Chendler,  for  the  poor  girl 150 

For  Jaque  Brian,  for  burying  a  poor  man 150 

For  Samuel  Wever,  for  Judith  Lahane 50 

For  Monfor,  poor  (man) 200 

For  Mr.  Gueret,  pauper 300 

For  a  Bible  for  the  church  400 


David  Le  Sueur,       )     ^,       1   ^ir     t 
Pierre  GuERRANT.    /    Churchwardens. 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 
GuiLLAUME  Salle, 
John  J.  Dupuy, 
Jacob  Trabue, 
Daniel  Pero, 
Isaac  Dutoy. 


3400 
Jean  Chastain. 


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270  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

June  24,  1747.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Pierre  Gueran,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Daniel  Perro, 
Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Guilieaume  Salle,  Isaac  Dutoy,  Jacob  Trabu. 
The  vestry  appointed  Pierre  David  and  Charle  Amonnet  to 
run  the  lines  from  the  creek  below  to  the  county  line;  and 
between  the  two  creeks,  Benjamin  Haris  and  Isaac  Dutoy  for 
the  first  five  thousand  acres ;  and  from  the  creek  above  to  the 
line  above,  Wm.  Harris  and  James  Holman ;  from  the  road  of 
Frenc  Jamse  to  Etiene  Malet,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  and  Etiene 
Malet ;  and  from  the  creek  to  the  road  of  Frenc  Jamse  as  far 
as  the  branch  of  Dutoy,  and  from  the  branch  of  Dutoy  to  the 
creek  below,  Jean  Panetie  and  Pierre  Depe,  and  from  the  creek 
above  to  the  road  of  Frenc  Jamse  up  to  the  branch  of  Dutoy.** 

Jean  Chastain. 

Pierre  David  and  Charle  Amonnet,  the  first  Monday  of  No- 
vember ; 

Benjamin  Haris  and  Isaac  Dutoy,  the  second  Monday; 

Wm.  Haris  and  Jamse  Holman,  the  third  Monday ; 

Thomas  Smith  and  Jean  Bonduran,  the  fourth  Monday ; 

J.  Jamse  Dupuy,  Steve  Malet,  the  first  Monday  of  Decem- 
ber; 

Jean  Panetie  and  Pierre  Dep,  the  second  Monday. 

February  6,  I747|8.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  David 
Lesueur,  Pierre  Guerand,  Jean  Jaque  Dupuy,  Jean  Pierre 
Bilbo,  Isaac  Dutoy,  Estiene  Malet.  Abraham  Salle  took  the 
oath  of  church  warden  of  the  church  of  the  parish  of  King 
William,  and  took  the  oath  of  loyalty  and  signed  the  test. 
Jean  Jaque  Dupuy  and  Estiene  Malet  took  the  oath  of  loyalty 

and  took  the  test. 

Estiene  Malet, 
John  James  Dupuy, 
Abraham  Salle. 


"The  passage  is  altogether  innocent  of  punctuation,  and  consequently 
far  from  c'ear.  It  is  evident  that  this  is  another  of  the  *  *  procession- 
ings,"  the  last  mentioned  in  the  Register. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  271 

The  same  day  Jacob  Trabu  received  his  discharge,  as  he  is 
no  longer  willing  to  conform  to  the  canon  of  the  Anglican 
church,  and  he  is  no  longer  vestryman  of  the  parish  of  King 
William." 

The  same  day  Mr.  Jean  Harris  took  the  oath  of  loyalty  and 

took  the  test.    The  same  day  he  took  the  oath  as  vestryman 

of  the  church  of  the  parish  of  King  William  and  signed  the 

test. 

John  Harris. 

The  same  day  Isaac  Dutoy  and  Estiene  Malet  took  the  oath 
of  church  wardens  of  the  parish  of  King  William  for  the  pres- 
ent year. 

Jean  Chastain, 

EsTiENNE  Malet, 
Isaac  Dutoy. 

February  13,  1747I8.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Isaac 
Dutoy,  Pierre  Gueran,  David  Lesueur,  Daniel  Perro,  John 
Harris,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo.     Samuel  Florinoir  took  the  oath  of 

loyalty  and  signed  the  test. 

Samuel  Flournoy. 

The  same  day  Samuel  Florinoir  took  the  oath  of  vestryman 
of  the  parish  of  King  William  in  the  presence  of  the  vestry 
above  named. 

The  vestry  made  an  agreement  with  Samuel  Wever  to  ser^e 
as  sexton  at  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  of  tobacco  per  year, 
commencing  February  13,  1747I8. 

The  vestry  assembled  February  24,  1747.  Present:  Isaac 
Dutoy,  Estiene  Mallet,  David  Lesueur,  Pierre  Guerand,  Guil- 
lieaume  Salle,  Daniel  Perro,  Samuel  Florinoir.  The  church 
wardens,  David  Lesueur  and  Pierre  Gueran,  rendered  account 
of  their  administration  for  the  year   1746.    They  are  quit  of  all 


"The  only  mention  of  doctrinal   defection  on  the  part  of  a  member 
of  the  parish,  if,  indeed,  we  may  assign  Trabue's  defection  to  this  cause. 


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272  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

that  they  have  received,  both  as  regards  what  was  levied  and 
what  was  g^ven  into  their  hands  during  the  said  year. 

Jean  Chastain. 
Isaac  Dutoy, 
Stephen  Mallet. 
Church  Wardens. 

The  same  day  the  levy  was  made  for  the  parish  of  King 
William.  It  amounts  to  twenty-five  pounds  of  tobacco  per 
head,  viz.: 

For  the  minister i,6oo 

For  the  clerk   * i,ooo 

For  the  sexton 250 

For  Monfor3« 300 

For  Judith  I^hon^^ 1,000 

.For  Sarah  Chandler,^^  for  arrears   500 

For  Sarah  Chandler  to  the  month  of  October 1,200 

For  Mary  Goin,^°  for  one  week lOO 

5,950 

The  tithables  of  Gooch'" ; 205 

The  tithables  of  Enrico 42 

247 
The  church  wardens  have  in  their  hands  718  lbs.  of  tobacco, 

carried  over  from  the -year  1746. 

Jean  Chastain. 

David  Le  Sueur.  Stephen  Mallet^ 

Samuel  Flournoy,  Isaac  Dutoy. 

GuiLLAUME  Salle,  Church  Wardens. 
Pierre  Guerrant. 

March  10,  1747.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present:  Isaac 
Dutoy,  Estiene  Mallet,  John  Harris,  David  Lesueur,  Guilie- 

"A  pauper,    of.  entry  of  March  7,  1746-7. 

"Probably  for  maintaining  the  poor  of  the  parish,  or  herself  a  pauper 

"Goochland,  Henrico. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM   PARISH. 


273 


aume  Salle,  Jean  Pierre  Bilbo,  Pierre  Gueran.     The  vestry 

assembled  to  receive  the  returns  of  the  processioners  named 

below:  Isaac  Dutoy,  Benjamin  Harris,  Estienne  Mallet,  Jean 

Jaque  Dupuy,  \Vm.  Harris  and  James  Holeman,  Pierre  David 

and  Charles  Amonnet. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Isaac  Dutoy, 
Stephen  Mallet. 
Church  Wardens. 

John  Harris, 

David  Le  Sueur, 

Pierre  Guerrant, 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo, 

GuiLLiAUME  Salle. 

November  lo,  1748.  Samuel  Florinoir  and  Abraham  Salle 
took  the  oath  of  church  wardens  in  the  presence  of  the  vestry- 
men named  below :  Isaac  Dutoy,  Estiene  Mallet,  Pierre  Gueran, 
Daniel  Perrg. 

Abram.  Salle, 
Saml.  Flournoy. 

Church  Wardens. 
Stephen  Mallet, 
Isaac  Dutoy, 
Peter  Guerrant, 
Daniel  Paro, 
John  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  lev}'  was  made  for  the  present  year, 
amounting  to  twenty  pounds  of  tobacco  per  head,  viz. : 

For  the  minister,  one  thousand,  three  (  ?)  hundred. 

For  the  clerk,  one  thousand. 

For  Benton,  one  thousand  for  Sara  Chandler. 

For  Peter  Dep,  one  hundred  and  sixty  pounds. 

For  the  sexton,  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds. 

For  arrears,  two  hundred  and  sixteen  pounds  for  Isaac 
Dutoy. 

The  number  of  parishoners  amounts  to  250. 


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274  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  same  day  the  above-mentioned  Isaac  Dutoy  and  Estiene 
Mallet  rendered  their  account  for  their  administration  for  the 
year  1747,  in  the  presence  of  the  vestrymen. 

Abram.  Salle, 
Samuel  Flournoy. 

••I  promise  to  pay  unto  the  Church  Wardens  of  King  Wil- 
liam parish  four  pounds,  two  shill,  and  two  pence,  current 
mony,  for  value  reed,  of  the  parish. 

Wittnis  my  hand  this  loth  day  of  Dec,  1748. 

Stephen  Mallet. 

Pierre  Depp  has  taken  Monfor  for  another  year  for  one 
hundred  and  sixty  pounds  of  tobacco,  commencing  February 
24,  1749. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Isaac  Dutoy  has  made  a  bargain  with  Wm.  Banton  for  Sar  i 
Chandler  at  1,000  lb.  of  tobacco  for  a  year,  commencing  No- 
vember I,  1748. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Abraham  Salle  and  Samuel  Florinoir  put  Elizabeth  Rober 
out  of  the  parish  November  21.* 

Jean  Chastain. 

*®The  vestry  assembled.    Present :  Abraham 


'•The  original  of  the  receipt  is  in  English,  a  proof  of  the  growing 
disuse  of  F'rench  among  the  parishoners.  Clerk  Chastain's  P'rench  is 
ragged  enough,  and  Mr.  Mallet,  although  a  vestryman  and  a  man  of 
dignity  in  the  parish,  no  longer  ventures  to  write  the  tongue  of  his  fathers. 

*  Some  light  is  thrown  on  this  drastic  action  of  the  church  wardens  by 
the  following  entry  in  the  Register  of  Baptisms  in  King  William  Parish; 
Brock,  p.  10 1 : 

**The  14th  June,  1741,  was  born  Jesse,  reputed  son  of  John  Harris  and 
of  Elizabef  Roberd;  had  for  godfather,  John  Bemar  and  Jean  Chastain; 
for  godmother,  Charlote  Judith  Chastain." 

^The  date  is  obliterated  from  the  top  of  the  page.  Possibly  it  is 
December  9,  1749,  certainly  some  time  in  that  year. 


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VESTRY  BOOK  OF  KING  WILLIAM   PARISH.  275 

Salle,  Samuel  Florinoir,  Estene  Malet,  Jean  Chastain.  Joseph 
Bonduran,  Jean  Bonduran,  Jean  Chastain  j.  took  the  oath  of 
vestrymen  for  the  parish  of  King  William. 

John  Bondurant, 
Joseph  Bondurant, 
John  Chastain,  Jun." 

The  same  day  Joseph  Bondurant  and  Jean  Chastain  took 
the  oath  of  church  wardens  for  the  present  year. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  church  wardens,  Samuel  Florinoir  and 
Abraham  Salle,  rendered  their  account.  They  owe  281  lbs.  of 
tobacco,  for  which  they  have  given  their  note. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  the  levy  for  the  present  year,  1749,  was  made. 
It  amounts  to  16  lbs.  of  tobacco  per  tithable. 


Jean  Chastain. 


1,600  for  the  minister. 
1,000  for  the  clerk. 
1,000  for  Sara  Chendler. 

300  for  Sara  Lahene. 

150  for  Peru. 

250  for  the  sexton. 


4,300 

I 

February  3,  1749I50.  The  vestry  assembled.  Present: 
Samuel  Florinoir,  Guillicaume  Salle,  Es'iiene  Mallet,  Isaac 
Dutoy,  David  Lesueur,  Daniel  Perro,  Jean  Chastain. '  Jean 


*'The  following  quaint  memorandum  is  pinned  over  the  foregoing  entry: 
'*  Rec'd  of  the  Church  Wardens  of  King  William  Parish  £^  s.  4  for  the 
Church  Bible  for  the  Yous  of  John  Harris. 

December  9,  1749.  Sam'l  Floumoy. " 


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276  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Bonduran,  Joseph  Bonduran,  Jean  Chastain  took  the  oath  of 
vestrymen  for  the  parish  of  King  William  and  took  the  test. 

Jean  Chastain  and  Joseph  Bonduran  took  the  oath  of  church 
wardens  for  the  present  year. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Estiene  Mallet  settled  his  note,  which  was 
due  for  four  pounds,  two  shillings,  two  pence. 

The  same  day  the  levy  for  the  present  year  was  made  of 
sixteen  pounds  of  tobacco  per  head,  viz. : 

For  the  minister i,6oo 

For  Sara  Chandler i,ooo 

For  the  clerk   i,ooo 

For  the  poor 300 

For  Peru 150 

For  the  sexton  250 

4,300 

By  note  inspetcur   {?) 140 

By  the  note  of  the  church  wardens  for  the  year  1749 281 

The  number  of  tithables  for  the  year  1749 266 

*^The  proceedings  of  December  9  are  cancelled.  The  vestry 
agreed  that  the  service  is  to  be  two-thirds  in  English. 

Jean  Chastain. 
Joseph  Bondurant, 
John  Chastain. 

Church  Wardens. 
William  Salle, 
David  Le  Sueur, 
Stephen  Mallet, 
John  Bondurant, 
Daniel  Paro, 
Isaac  Dutoy, 
Samuel  Flournoy. 

♦n'he  entry  referred  to  is  not  recorded  in  this  Register.  The  conces- 
sion to  the  everincreasing  number  of  English-speaking  parishioners  is 
apparent. 


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VESTRY   BOOK   OF   KING   WILLIAM    PARISH.  277 

December  28,  1750.  This  day  Captain  Porter  and  Charles 
Clarck  took  the  oath  of  vestrymen  for  the  parish  of  King  Wil- 
liam in  the  presence  of  Joseph  Bondurant,  Jean  Chastain,  Isaac 
Dutoy,  David  Lesueur,  Samuel  Floumoir,  Jean  Bonduran, 
Daniel  Perro. 

Jean  Chastain. 

The  same  day  Charle  Clarck  and  Jean  Bonduran  took  the 
oath  of  church  wardens  and  took  the  test,  in  the  presence  of 
the  vestrymen  named  above. 

Jean  Chastain. 

Joseph  Bonduran  and  Jean  Chastain  rendered  their  account 
of  their  administration  for  the  year  1749.  They  owe  86  lbs. 
of  tobacco. 

The  same  day  the  levy  was  made  for  the  present  year.  It 
amounts  to  twenty-two  pounds  of  tobacco  per  head,  viz.: 

For  the  minister,  two  thousand,  four  hundred. 

For  the  clerk,  one  thousand  pounds. 

For  Sara  Chandler,  one  thousand  pounds. 

For  the  sexton,  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds. 

For  Sara  Ocquebe,  three  hundred  pounds. 

For  repairing  the  church,  five  hundred  and  eighty-four. 

Chas.  Clerke^ 
John  Bondurant. 
Church  Wardens. 

John  Chastain, 

David  Le  Sueur, 

Saml.  Flournoy, 

Jos.  Bondurant, 

Isaac  Dutoy, 

Thos.  Porter, 

Jean  Chastain,  Junior, 

Daniel  Perrow. 

Daniel  Pero  asked  his  discharge  and  the  vestry  granted  his 
request. 

Jean  Chastain. 


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278  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

*»List  of  land  which  each  holds  in  the  parish  of  King  Wil- 
liam and  adjacent  thereto : 

Tobit  la  Fitt,  acres I33 

Estiene  Bocard 093 

Mathieux  Agee 220 

Pierre  Louy  Soblet 133 

Pierre  Faure 107 

Estiene  Reynaud 133 

Charle  Perot  133 

Antoine  Rapine  . . .  .^ 122 

Estiene  Malet   123 

Danielle  Meban,  Jatob  Capon 046 

Tobit  la  Fitt  075 

Nicolas  Soullie   I33 

Pierre  Soblet  089 

Anthoine  Maton   165 

Jean  Jouanis   840 

Madame  Timson    168 

Pierre  David,  jun  ..." 066 

Jean  Farcis,  040 

Estien  Chastain 981 

Pierre  Dutoy 461 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo 162 

Isaac  Parenteaux    044 

Jacob  Capon   034 

Danielle  Guerand    059 

Glaud  Goris 050 

Pierre  Chastain    65. 

Gedeon  Chan 

Pierre  Dep 076 

Pierre  Sabatiee 088 

"This  list  is  on  the  last  remaining  leaf  in  the  book.  It  bears  no  date, 
but  its  date  may  be  approximately  deduced  as  follows:  Anthoine  Trabue, 
whose  name  appears  in  the  list,  died  January,  1723-4  (Brock,  p.  iii), 
thus  affording  a  terminus  ad  quern  for  the  list.  The  hand-writing  appears 
to  be  that  of  Jacques  Soblet,  whose  clerkship  begins  in  1722.  It  is  pro- 
bable therefore  that  the  list  belongs  to  1722  or  the  preceding  year. 


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VESTRY  BOOK   OF   KING  WILLIAM  PARISH.  279 

Bartelmis  Dupuy 208 

Pierre  Dupuy   068 

Anthoine  Givodan 128 

Jacob  Amonet  274 

Pierre  David,  signor 088 

Jean  Chastain   ' 090 

Abraham  Soblet   088 

Jean  le  Vilin  200 

Francois  Fleurinoy 133 

Danielle  Croom 052 

Jean  le  Grand 051 

Anthoine  Trabue 268 

Abraham  Sallee 477 

Jhon  Levingston 170 

Jean  Martin 1200 

Jean  Pierre  Perut 122 

Jean  Forquerent 170 

Moyse  Levereaux 117 

Adam  Vigne  025 

Elisabeth  Sasine  172 

Jean  Spulaigre 275 

Sum  total  of  land 490 

**List  of  the  lands  which  each  inhabitant  of  the  parish  of 
King  William  owned  in  the  year  1727I8: 

Pierre  Chastain 1063 

Gedeon  Chanbon 0033 

Glaude  Gori 0050 

Pierre  Dep 0076 

Daniel  Guerand oo59 

Joseph  Bingley   0047 

Tobie  Lafite 0208 

.  Jean  Pierre  Billebo 0044 

**The  list  is  on  a  loose  sheet  torn  from  the  back  of  the  Register.  On 
the  establishment  of  the  parish  in  1 700-1  each  family  was  allowed  133 
acres,  cf.  Calendar  of  State  Papers  of  Virginia,  I,  189,  quoted  by  Brock, 
page  68.  In  a  majority  of  cases  the  amount  of  land  held  seems  to  have 
been  reduced  or  increased  by  purchase  in  the  decades  following. 


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280  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Estiene  Chastain  0909 

Barbary  Dutoy   0061 

Estiene  Malet   0125 

Jacob  Capon 0047 

Susane  Kerner ^^77 

Nicolas  Soulie oi33 

Antoine  Rapine 01 33 

M.  Joannis (figures  erased)  0909 

Rager  Prat 0133 

Pierre  Faure   0107 

Pierre  Champagne   0090 

Louis  Soblet 0133 

Matieu  Age  021 1 

Pierre  Bocar   0091 

Daniel  Pero 0133 

Pierre  Calvet * 0444 

Pierre  Soblet 0088 

Pierre  David,  s 0088 

Jaque  Soblet    0088 

Pierre  David,  j 0066 

Jean   Legrand 0050 

Jorge  Merhbenc   0402 

Pierre  Sabatie   oo83 

Jacob  Amonet   0270 

Jean  Chastain  00.0 

Jean  Levilain 0200 

Thomas  Givodan 0128 

Isaac  Salle  oo55 

Guilaume  Salle   OQ57 

M.  Timson 0168 

M.  Tillitt    0582 

Antoine  Trabu 0186 

Jean  Pierre  Bilbo 01 19 

M. . .  Alaigre 0180 

M.   Amonet 0182 

Daniel  Faure 0296 

. . . .  d  Moriset   oi.^O 

Jean   Loucadou 0103 

Daniel  Guerand 0133 

Ed wd.   Bryers 0092 

Elie  Sasain 0104 

(concluded,  ) 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  281 


THE    EARLY  WESTWARD    MOVEMENT  OF 
VIRGINIA,  1722-1734. 


As  Shown  by  the  Proceedings  of  the  Colonial  Council. 


Edited  and  Annotated  by  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Washington,  D.  C. 


(continued.) 


June  7,  1732. 

On  reading  at  the  Board  a  Letter  from  the  Right  Hon**  the 
Lords  Commissioners  for  executing  the  Office  of  Ld.  high 
Treasurer  of  great  Britain  bearing  date  the  29th  day  of  Fcb'^ 
last  &  directed  to  the  Governor  &  Council  directing  them  to 
examine  the  Demand  of  Coll.  Alexander  Spotswood  late  Lieut. 
Governor  of  this  Dominion  for  the  sum  of  six  hundred  pounds 
for  defraying  the  Charges  he  was  at  in  a  journey  to  treat  with 
the  Indians  at  Albany  &  Conestogo*  &  to  report  to  their  L* 
ships  what  may  be  just  &  reasonable  to  allow  in  Satisfacon  for 
the  same — It  is  ordered  that  a  Copy  of  their  Lord  ships  said 
L're  be  forthwith  sent  to  Col"  Spotswood  &  that  he  be  desir'd 
as  soon  as  convenient  may  be  to  lay  before  this  Board  the  Accot 
of  his  Expenses  &  such  Vouchers  as  he  hath  for  proof  thereof 
to  the  End  this  Board  may  be  the  better  enabled  to  make  a 
Suitable  Report  thereupon. 

June  14,  1732. 

Ordered   that   Mr.   Drury  Stith   Surveyor  ot  the  County  of 
Brunswickf  Cause  the  line  of  the  s**  County  to  be  run  &  mark'd 


♦In  April,  1721,  Sir  William  Keith,  Governor  of  Pennsylvania,  visited 
Governor  Spotswood  at  Williamsburg,  and  while  there  filed  with  him  a 
memorial  in  reference  to  Indian  affairs.  {Minutes  of  the  Provincial 
Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  1 16-117.)  No  doubt  this  visit 
was  instrumental  in  bringing  about  the  Albany  Conference  of  1722. 

t  Preceding  orders  and  notes  have  shown  that  the  territory  embraced 
in  original  Brunswick  county  developed  more  slowly  than  Spotsylvania. 

The  immigration  which  came  to  Virginiathrough  the  Capes  naturally 


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2S2  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

from  that  part  of  Bush  river  where  he  formerly  left  of  to  the 
nearest  place  on  Appomattox  River  as  the  Boundary  between 
that  County  &  the  County  of  Prince  George, 

went  up  the  tidal  streams,  while  the  Scotch-Irish  and  Germans  from 
Pennsylvania  followed  the  valleys  between  the  Blue  Ridge  and  Alle- 
ghany Mountains  in  their  migrations  southward.  The  Roanoke  Valley 
enjoyed  none  of  these  advantages  of  location,  and  its  fertile  lands  re- 
mained vacant  in  large  measure  until  nearly  the  middle  of  the  eigh- 
teenth century.  Colonel  William  Byrd  conceived  the  idea  of  settling  a 
colony  of  Swiss  and  other  foreign  Protestants  on  the  Roanoke,  and  in 
I735»  obtained  a  Council  order  for  100,000  acres  of  land  for  that  purpose. 
( CaUndar  of  Virginia  State  Papers,  Vol.  I,  p.  223. )  He  also  pub- 
lished, in  1737,  a  German  book  entitled  Neu-Ge/undnes  Eden  in  Vir» 
ginia  [New-Found  Eden  in  Virginia],  which  describes  the  advantages 
of  soil  and  climate  enjoyed  by  the  section,  in  question.  {Virginia 
Magazine,  Vol.  XI,  p.  381,  note.)  His  enterprise  was  not  successful, 
and  this  portion  of  Virginia  was  left  to  develop  gradually  as  the  count- 
ies on  the  east  became  more  thickly  settled.  It  was  a  frontier  line,  which 
receded  gradually  with  the  natural  increase  of  population  in  southeast- 
ern Virginia.  Its  early  annals  are  devoid  of  special  interest.  Fort 
Christanna,  and  the  Indian  school  established  there  by  Governor  Spots- 
wood,  passed  out  of  existence  when  he  retired  from  office.  The  Tus- 
carora  Indians,  who  fled  into  the  Roanoke  Valley  after  their  defeat  in 
North  Carohna,  soon  removed  to  New  York,  and  the  tributary  Indians 
who  remained  were  so  decayed  in  all  respects  that  no  serious  troubles 
ever  occurred  between  them  and  the  whites.  The  first  settlers  were 
almost  entirely  of  English  descent,  but  later  a  considerable  number  of 
Scotch-Irish  Presbyterians  came  and  settled  principally  in  present  Bed- 
ford county.  {Virginia  Magazine,  Vol.  XII,  pp.  417-421.)  The  set- 
tlers in  this  section  were  chiefly  small  farmei^  and  planners.  Few  great 
estates,  like  those  in  Tidewater  and  the  valleys  of  the  James  and  Rap- 
pahannock, were  acquired,  but  the  population  was  industrious,  intelli- 
gent and  law-abiding.  They  were  active  in  defense  of  the  frontiers 
during  the  French  and  Indian  War.  (Boogher,  Gleanings  of  Virginia 
History,  Washington,  1903,  pp.  58-110.)  During  the  Revolution  they 
were  highly  patriotic  under  the  leadership  of  Patrick  Henry,  who  resided 
then  in  territory  once  a  part  of  old  Brunswick  county. 

The  boundaries  of  Brunswick  were  never  defined  with  certainty  by 
the  General  Assembly,  and  the  extent  of  its  original  territory  can  only 
be  determined  by  legislative  acts  establishing  new  counties.  In  1734,  a 
portion  of  its  territory  lying  north  of  the  Nottoway  river  was  cut  off, 
and,  with  a  part  of  Prince  George  county,  formed  into  the  county  of 
Amelia.    Lunenburg  followed  in  1745,  and  then  came  Halifax  (1752); 


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early  westward  movement  of  virginia.         283 

June  15,  1732. 

Joost  Held*  in  behalf  of  himself  &  partners  having  entered 
a  Caveat  to  stop  the  granting  a  Patent  to  William  Russell  for 
Land  in  the  Western  Side  of  the  River  Sherundo  granted  by 
Order  of  this  Board  in  June  1730,  to  John  Vanmeter.  It  is 
ordered  that  the  pretencons  of  the  Several  parties  be  heard 
before  this  Board  on  the  second  day  of  the  next  general  Court 
&  in  the  Mocon  of  the  s**  Wm.  Russell  leave  is  granted  him  to 
take  Deposicons  of  witnesses  in  the  province  of  West  Jersey  to 
be  made  use  of  at  the  time  of  hearing  he  giving  the  said  John 
Vanmeter  &  Joost  Heid  timely  notice  when  &  where  he  will 
take  the  Examinacon  of  the  s*  Witnesses. 


June  16,  1732. 
Coll*.  Spotswood  this  day  attended  the  Board  &  pursuant  to 

Prince  Edward  and  Bedford  (1753  ^  Mecklenburg  and  Charlotte  (1764); 
and  Pittsylvania  (1766).  The  organization  of  these  counties  from  terri- 
tory once  a  part  of  Brunswick,  gradually  carried  the  frontier  line  to  the 
Blue  Ridge,  beyond  which  the  original  county  never  extended.  The 
country  west  of  the  mountains  fell  within  the  imperial  boundaries  of 
Augusta  when  what  county  was  created  in  1738. 

♦This  Order  indicates  that  Jost  Hite  had  probably  reached  the  Valley 
of  Virginia  with  his  family  at  the  dale  of  its  entry,  and  Kercheval's 
statement  that  he  came  in  the  summer  of  1732,  seems  to  be  confirmed. 
(History  of  the  Valley^  2nd  ed.,  1850,  p.  4f.)  It  is  also  evidence  that 
Hite's  diflSculties  concerning  lands  commenced  immediately  upon  his 
arrival  in  the  Valley.  Subsequent  Orders  show  that  his  controversy 
with  William  Russell  was  speedily  settled  in  his  favor,  but  the  liti- 
gation with  Lord  Fairfax,  which  begun  in  1736,  was  not  decided  until 
1786.  {Revised  Code  of  Virginia,  18 19,  Vol.  II,  pp.  346-47-)  The 
decision  was  finally  in  favor  of  Hite  and  those  claiming  under  him.  In 
this  controversy  the  right  of  the  case  was  undoubtedly  with  Hite. 
While  the  lands  in  dispute  unquestionably  fell  within  the  boundaries  of 
the  Northern  Neck  as  fixed  by  the  commission  of  1745,  yet  Lord  Fair- 
fax, in  accepting  the  Rapidan  as  the  southern  boundary  of  his  grant, 
agreed  that  all  crown  grants  made  prior  to  that  date  should  be  con- 
firmed. This  agreement  was  not  kept,  and  his  litigation  with  Hite 
served,  in  considerable  measure,  to  arrest  the  development  of  the 
lower  Valley. 

William  Russell,  mentioned  in  this  Order,  was,  as  a  subsequent  order 


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284  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  Directions  the  Rt.  hon**  the  1/  Com'"  of  his  Majesty's  Treas- 
ury delivered  in  the  accot  of  his  Disbursments  on  the  Treaty 
with   the    Northern  Indians  at  Albany  in  the  year  1722.     He 
also  laid  before   the  Board   several  Extracts  of  the  Minutes  of 
Council  Sc  Assembly  whereby   he  was  requested  to  take  the 
Trouble  of  presiding  in  the  Negotiacon  of  the  s**  Treaty  &  pro- 
ducing some  Vouchers  to  shew  the  greatness  of  the  Expence 
submitted  to  the  Consideracon  of  this    Board  whether   it  was 
possible  to  Keep  a  particular  account  of  every  sum  disbursed 
considering  the  Variety  of  the  Expence  Whereupon  the  Board 
taking  the  same  into   consideracon  &  being  Sensible  that  the 
keeping  regular  Vouchers  for  every  article  expanded  in  that  st- r- 
vice  was  impracticable  from  the  Nature  of  the  Thing  thought 
fit  to  propose  that  Coll.   Spotswood  should  make  oath  to  what 
he  believes  in  his  Conscience  that  Journey  &  Service  cost  over 
&  above  the  one  Thousand  pounds  given  by  the  Gen'.  Assembly 
and  accordingly  the  said  Coll.   Spotswood  made  Oath  that  he 
verily   believed    the   expence   of  the   s**  Journey  &   Treaty  at 
Albany  did  not  cost  him  less  than  the  sixteen  hundred  Pounds 
charged  in  his  Accot  The  Governour  <!fe  Council    came  to  the 
following  Resolution: 

That  inasmuch  as  it  appears  that  the  said  Journey  to  Albany 

will  show,  one  of  the  earliest  adveniurers  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia. 
He  was  a  native  of  England  and  is  said  to  have  come  over  with  Gov- 
ernor Spotswood  in  17 10.  It  is  also  staled  that  he  accompanied  the 
Governor  across  the  Blue  Ridge  in  1716,  and  1  onsequently  was  a 
*'  Horse  Shoe  Knight."  In  1722,  he  was  a  resident  of  King  and  Queen, 
and  in  that  \ear  purchased  land  in  Spotsylvania  county.  He  died  in 
Culpeper  county,  October  i8th,  1759,  aged  seventy-two  years.  (See 
IVilliam  Russell  and  )m  Descendants^  Lexington,  Ky.,  pp.  1-3  ;  Spot- 
sylvania County  Records,  New  York,  1905.  p.  93.)  Colonel  William 
Russell  of  the  Virginia  line  in  the  Revolution,  was  his  eldest  son,  and 
Russell  county,  Va..  was  named  for  him. 

The  object  in  taking  the  depositions  here  mentioned  is  not  under- 
stood. Possibly  Russell  was  trying  to  prove  that  Van  Meter  had  not 
brought  the  requisite  number  of  families  to  settle  upon  the  land  con- 
ditionally granted  to  him  by  Council  Order  of  June  17th,  1730.  As 
shown  in  the  last  issue  of  the  Magazine,  the  Van  Meters  came  to  Vir- 
ginia from  Salem,  West  Jersey,  which  town  is  now  the  county  seat  of 
present  Salem  county,  New  Jersey. 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  285 

was  undertaken  by  Coll.  Spotsvvood  at  the  joint  Request  of  the 
Council  &  House  of  Burgesses  met  in  Assembly  and  that  it  is 
generally  acknowledged  that  his  presence  at  the  s*  Treaty  was  of 
Singular  service  for  the  establishing  that  Peace  with  the  Indians 
which  ever  since  has  kept  the  Frontiers  of  this  Colony  in  quiet 
it  is  highly  reasonable  his  Expences  on  that  Service  should  be 
paid  what  appears  to  amount  to  six  hundred  pounds  Virginia 
Currency  at  that  time  fifteen  P.  Cent  less  in  Value  that  Sterl. 

But  in  regard  he  hath  lain  so  long  out  of  his  Money  &  hath 
been  put  to  the  trouble  &  expense  of  divers  Journies  to  Solicit 
the  payment  thereof  first  from  the  Gen'  Assembly  and  after- 
wards from  this  Board  it  is  fit  he  should  be  repaid  in  Sterl.  as 
much  as  the  S**  Expences  Amount  to  And  whereas  it  also  ap- 
pears that  during  Coll.  Spotswoods  Absence  on  the  service  afs* 
he  was  superseded  in  his  Governm*  by  the  Arrival  of  Coll. 
Drysdale  it  seems  unjust  that  he  should  serve  this  Governm*  in 
so  important  a  Negotiacon  at  his  own  expence  when  the  Com*^" 
that  attended  him  had  a  honourable  allowance  from  the  time  of 
their  Departure  till  their  return  and  therefore  it  seems  reason- 
able that  Coll.  Spotswood  on  whose  Conduct  the  Success  of 
that  Treaty  chiefly  depended  should  at  least  have  double  the 
allowance  given  to  the  first  Commissioners  chosen  out  of  his 
Majesty's  Council  which  was  six  &  Twenty  shillings  P.  Diem  & 
that  a  Report  pursuant  hereto  be  prepared  to  be  signed  by  the 
Gov""  &  Council  &  transmitted  to  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
the  Treasury  &  to  assure  their  Lorhships  that  if  upon  the  whole  - 
They  Shall  be  of  opinion  that  Coll.  Spotswood  ought  to  be 
paid  out  of  his  Majesty's  revenues  the  s**  Sum  of  six  hundred 
pounds  the  Ballance  of  his  Disbursments  together  with  the 
aforemencon'd  Gratificacons  for  his  personal  Trouble  &  Services 
this  Board  will  readily  order  the  Paym^  thereof  upon  the  first 
significacon  of  their  Lordships  Pleasure. 


July  I,  1732. 

A  Report  to  the  Lords  of   the  Treasury  in  return  to  Coll. 
Spotswoods  Services  &  Disbursments  being  prepared  pursuant 


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286  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

to  the  Resolucon  of  the  Board  of  the  i6*^  of  last  month  was  this 
day  Sign'd  by  the  Governour  in  Council. 


Oct.  20,  1732. 

Whereas  upon  the  Complaint  of  the  Saponie*  Islands  IStC; 
but  evidently  Indians  is  meant]  the  great  Men  of  the  Nottoways 
were  ordered  to  attend  here  to  justifie  themselves  &  their 
Nacon  of  the  murder  of  some  of  the  Saponie  Nacon  with  which 
they  are  charged  &  have  neglected  to  appear,  It  is  Ordered 
that  the  Comanding  officer  of  the  Militia  of  the  County  of 
Surry  do  forthwith  cause  the  s^.  Nottoway  Great  Men  to  be 
seiz'd  &  brought  under  a  guard  to  Williamsburgh  in  order  to 
their  Exam* con. 


Oct.  27,  1732. 

On  hearing  this  day  at  the  Board  the  matter  in  dispute  on  the 
Caveat  of  Joost  Heyd  Assignee  of  John  &  Isaac  Van  meter  t 
for  stopping  a  Patent  sued  out  by  W".  Russell  for  land  on 
Sherundo  River,  It  is  ordered  that  the  s*.  Joost  Heyd  have  a 
Grant  of  all  that  Tract  of  Land  included  in  the  Entries  of  John 
&   Isaac  Van  meter  which  lyes  on   the  lower  side  of  the  first 

♦  It  has  been  shown  in  the  course  of  these  notes  that  the  Saponi  In- 
dians were  driven  from  their  original  home  on  the  Yadkin  River  in  North 
Carolina  by  constant  attacks  of  the  Five  Nations.  At  this  date  they 
were  settled  near  Fort  Christanna.  (Mooney,  Siouan  Tribes  of  the 
East,  p.  43.)  The  building  of  this  fort  was  commenced  in  August,  1714. 
(Spotswood,  Official  Letters^  Vol.  II,  p.  212.) 

The  Nottoway  Indians  were  of  the  same  stock  as  the  Iroquois,  and  a 
subsequent  Order  shows  their  close  intimacy  with  those  tribes. 

tThis  land  lay  in  the  southern  portion  of  present  Frederick  county, 
Va.  The  Carter  grant  adjoined  it  on  the  east.  The  Valley  Railroad 
and  Valley  Turnpike  pass  through  it,  and  the  North  Branch  of  the 
Shenandoah  constitutes  its  southern  boundary.  **Cape  Leanock"  was 
evidently  the  Indian  name  for  that  river  and  here  appears  for  the  first 
time.  The  correct  spelling  would  probably  have  made  it  a  word  of  one 
syllable,  like  Cacapehon,  now  Capon  river. 

This  Order  brings  us  to  a  period  when  actual  settlers  were  coming 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF   VIRGINIA.  287 

Western  Branch  of  Sherundo  otherwise  called  Cape  Leanock  & 
the  Branches  thereof  including  the  Land  between  that  &  the 
Mountains  next  to  Opeckon  &  extending  from  Sherundo  river 
along  the  lines  of  the  Land  taken  up  by  Robt.  Carter  Esq', 
dec'd  to  the  s^  Mountains  &  thence  Westerly  as  far  as  will  in- 
clude the  Quantity  of  20,000  acres  granted  to  the  s^.  John  & 
Isaac  Van  meter  &  that  if  the  s*  W".  Russell  will  take  up  the 
quantity  of  land  he  pretends  to  claim  by  virtue  of  his  entries  & 
Surveys  he  be  permitted  to  make  a  new  Entry  for  the  same  be- 


into  the  Shenandoah  Valley  in  considerable  numbers,  and  a  brief  notice 
concerning  them  is  indispensable  to  a  proper  understanding  of  Virginia's 
first  great  extension  toward  the  west.  The  earliest  settlers  in  the  Valley 
of  Virginia  were  Germans,  not  Dutch  in  the  sense  of  being  Hollanders, 
a  misnomer  which  still  clings  to  them.  They  came  almost  entirely  from 
the  upper  valley  of  the  Rhine  and  sprung  from  the  purest  strains  of  the 
Teutonic  race.  Their  homes  were  chiefly  in  the  lower  Palatinate,  an 
old  principality  of  Germany,  and  the  adjacent  states  of  Mainz,  Treves, 
Baden,  Alsace,  Lorraine,  and  Wurtemberg.  Coming  from  this  section, 
they  were  called  Palatines,  a  term  finally  applied  to  all  German  imi- 
jrrants  to  this  country  during  the  colonial  period.  Two  wars  waged  by 
Louis  XIV  of  France  caused  an  exodus  from  the  Palatinate  and  ad- 
jacent districts.  The  first,  known  as  the  War  of  the  Grand  Alliance, 
had  no  other  object  in  view  than  to  annex  Alsace  and  Lorraine  to 
France.  This  war  commenced  in  1686,  and  the  devastation  of  the 
Palatinate  by  the  French  armies  has  no  parallel  in  modern  history. 

The  second  was  the  War  of  the  Spanish  Succession — France  against 
all  Germany.  In  these  great  conflicts  the  Palatinate  was  made  a  desert, 
and  its  people  became  wanderers  in  every  country  of  Europe  not  con- 
trolled by  Louis  XIV.  Not  even  the  Hugenots  of  France  suffered  a 
greater  martyrdom  than  the  Germans  of  the  Palatinate. 

They  sought  an  asylum  in  America,  and  in  17 10,  four  thousand  came 
to  New  York.  Their  experience  in  that  colony  was  not  satisfactory^ 
and  they  then  turned  to  Pennsylvania.  Commencing  in  1717,  they  began 
to  arrive  in  large  numbers,  landing  at  Philadelphia.  They  first  settled 
in  Lancaster  and  adjoining  counties,  and  many  of  them  then  removed  to 
Virginia  in  1730-32.  Among  them  was  also  a  small  element  of  Swiss. 
These  Germans  were  almost  unanimously  Protestants,  chiefly  of  the 
Lutheran  and  German  Reformed  denominations.  They  were  a  literate 
people  upon  their  arrival  in  America,  and  their  descendants  have  so 
continued.  The  Peaked  Mountain  church  record  shows  that  an  agree- 
ment to  build  a  union  church  by  the  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Congrega- 
tions at  McGaheysville,  Rockingham  county,  Va.,  in  1768,  was  signed 


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283  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

ginningf  over  against  the  mouth  of  Happy  Creek,  &  running  up 
the  Western  side  of  the  s**.  Western  branch  but  not  to  cross  the 
same  so  as  to  interfere  with  the  grant  hereby  made  to  the  s*. 
Joost  Heid  But  for  as  much  as  during  the  dispute  between  him 
&  the  s**.  Russell  he  hath  been  interrupted  in  seating  the  s*"  Land 
according  to  the  Condicon  on  which  the  same  was  granted  to 
the  s**.  Van  meter  further  time  is  allowed  him  till  the  next  Gen- 
eral Court  for  complying  with  the  sd.  Condicon  &  he  is  accord- 
ingly hereby  directed  to  have  the  number  of  Families  on  the  sd. 
Land  by  that  time  in  pain  of  forfeiting  this  p'sent  Grant. 


On  the  peticon  of  W".  Russell  leave  is  granted  him  to  survey 
20,000  Acres  of  Land  in  lieu  of  the  19.000  formerly  Surveyed 

by  forty-eight  men,  of  whom  forty-four  wrote  their  names.  (  Uri/iiatn 
and  Mary  Col/e^e  Quarterly,  Vol.  XIII,  pp.  248-49.)  During  the  French 
and  Indian  War,  these  early  Germans  in  the  Valley  were  active  par- 
ticipants. (Boogher,  Gleanings  of  Virtrinia  History,  pp.  30-58).  In  the 
Revolution  they  chiefly  composed  the  8th  Virginia,  or  "German  Regi- 
ment," commanded  by  Muhlenberg,  and  many  of  them  also  served  in 
the  7th  Virginia  Regiment,  Daniel  Morgan's  celebrated  "  Rifle  Corps." 
The  Valley  Germans  are  popularly  supposed  to  be  without  military 
spirit,  but  it  can  be  truthfully  said  of  them  that  in  the  War  of  the  Revo- 
lution they  participated  in  nearly  every  engagement  of  importance,  from 
Boston  Heights  to  Yorktown. 

The  d^iscendants  of  these  pioneer  Germans  have  always  been  the 
governing  element  in  the  lower  Valley,  and  they  stiM  hold  leadership  in 
that  section.  For  several  generations  the  German  language  was  almost 
exclusively  spokert,  and  this,  together  with  different  customs,  tended  to 
isolate  them  from  eastern  colonial  Virginia.  They  have,  however  been 
gradually  blending  with  English  Virginia,  and  to-day  their  diff*erent 
origin  is  in  a  large  degree  denoted  only  by  the  surnames  which  they 
bear.  The  German  Baptist  Brethren,  familiarly  known  as  Dunkards, 
were  not  among  the  pioneer  Germans  of  the  Valley  in  any  numbers. 
Nearly  all  of  this  prosperous  element  of  Virginia  came  to  the  State 
after  the  Revolution,  between  the  years  1790  and  1800,  and  their  history 
does  not  fall  within  the  scope  of  this  work.  For  accounts  of  tlie  de- 
struction of  the  Palatinate,  see  Macaulay*s  History  of  England,  Menzel's 
History  of  Germany,  and  Cobb's  Story  of  the  Palatines.  In  Rupp's  Col- 
lection of  Thirty  Thousand  German  Natnes,  &c.,  will  be  found  the  names 
of  nearly  all  the  early  German  settlers  of  the  Valley. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  289 

lor  him  lying  on  both  sides  of  Sherundo  River  above  Happy 
Creek  &  in  the  fork  of  the  sd.  River*  joining^  upon  the  land  of 
Joost  Heid  &  others  interested  in  the  Entry  of  John  Van  meter 
as  the  same  is  this  day  ascertained  by  the  Board. 


On  the  peticon  of  Alex'  Ross  &  others  his  partners  t  for  a 

*The  land  embraced  in  this  Order  was  situated  at  the  junction  of  the 
North  and  South  branches  of  ihe  Shenandoah.  Present  Riverton  and 
Front  Royal  are  within  its  boundaries.  The  descriptions  given  show 
that  the  tract  covered  territory  lying  directly  within  the  fork  of  the  two 
rivers. 

The  Council  Orders  show  that  this  general  locality  was  much  favored 
by  the  earliest  seekers  of  land  in  the  Valley.  The  fertile  soil  and  the 
easy  passes  through  the  Blue  Ridge  in  this  section  doubtless  furnished 
the  reason.  The  gaps  in  this  immediate  section  still  bear  the  names 
givrii  to  them  by  the  early  settlers — Chester's,  Manassas  Ashby's,  and 
Williams'  Gaps.  An  important  Indian  trail  passed  through  one  of  them, 
probably  Chester's  Gap.  Reference  is  made  in  an  Act  of  1732  to  **The 
Indian  Thoroughfare  of  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains,"  in  Prince  William 
county.     (Hening,  Vol.  IV,  p.  367;  Kercheval,  p.  33.) 

t  The  persons  engaged  in  this  enterprise  were  known  among  the 
Society  of  Friends  as  Alexander  Ross  and  Company.  It  has  been  shown 
that  Ross  was  a  resident  of  Cecil  county,  Md.,  at  the  time  of  his  re- 
moval to  the  Valley.  •  Josiah  Ballinger,  James  Wright,  Evan  Thomas, 
and  others  in  the  colony,  came  either  from  Pennsylvania  or  the  Elk 
River  section  in  Maryland.  Ballinger  and  Wright  originally  resided  at 
Salem,  West  Jersey.  About  the  year  1725  they  removed  to  the  upper 
part  of  old  Prince  George  county,  Maryland,  and  settled  near  the  Mo- 
nocacy,  and  thence  removed  to  the  lands  mentioned  in  prior  Council 
Orders,  near  Winchester.  Permission  wafe  obtained  from  the  Quarterly 
Meeting  of  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  to  build  a  meeting-hou>e  in  Virginia, 
and  Hopewell  congregation  was  formed.  About  the  year  1733  Amos 
Janney,  of  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  and  other  Friends,  settled  in  present  Loudon 
and  Fairfax  counties,  where  they  built,  in  1741,  a  meeting-house  called 
Fairfax,  probably  at  or  near  the  site  of  present  Fairfax  Court  House- 
In  1733  Richard  Beesonand  others  settled  on  and  near  Tuscarora  Creek, 
a  branch  of  the  Opequon,  where  a  meeting-house,  called  Providence, 
was  erected.  (Smith's  History  of  the  Province  of  Pennsylvania ,  printed 
in  Hazard's  Res^ister  of  Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia,  1831,  Vol.  VII,  pp. 
134  35)  The  records  seem  to  demonstrate  that  the  Quakers,  or  Friends^ 
were  the  religious  pioneers  in  forming  congregations  and  building 
churches  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia. 


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290  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Grant  of  20,000  acres  of  Land  joining  on  the  So.  Side  of  the 
Line  of  the  Province  of  Pensilvania  &  on  the  west  Side  of  the 
Boundary  of  my  Lord  Baltimore's  Grant  for  the  province  of 
Maryland  &  joining  to  the  Lands  lately  entr'd  for  by  John 
Robinson  Esq'  It  is  ordered  that  the  Entry  of  the  petitioner  for 
the  sd.  Tract  be  received  &  that  if  upon  Settling  the  Boundries 
of  Pensilvania  &  Maryland  the  Said  Land  shall  appear  to  be 
within  this  Government  the  Pet',  be  prefer' d  to  a  Grant  thereof 


Ordered  That  the  surveying  the  several  Grants  made  to  John 
Robinson  E^q',  Augustine  Moore  Sc  John  Robinson  Jun'  Gent, 
for  Land  on  Conicathigah  [Conacocheague]  &  Audeltank  [Antie- 
tam]  be  Suspended  until  the  Bounds  of  the  province  of  Maryland 
be  first  settled. 


Oct.  28,  1732. 

The  great  Men  of  the  Nottoway  &  Sapony  Indians  this  day 
attending  the  Governor  in  Council  upon  the  Complaint  of  the 
said  Sapony  Indians  against  the  Nottovv.iys  for  divers  Murders 
committed  on  their  people  since  their  return  into  this  Govern- 
ment &  more  particularly  for  joining  with  divers  foreign  Indians 
in  an  attack*  made  on  the  said  Sapony  Indians  at  their  Fort  in 
the  month  of  August  last  Contrary  to  the  express  Orders  sent 
them  by  the  Governour  &,   it  appearing  to  the  Board   by  the 


*  This  Order  is  positive  evidence  that  the  Six  Nations  were  not  ob- 
serving the  treaty  stipulations  agreed  upon  at  Albany  in  1722,  which 
restricted  them  to  the  territory  west  of  the  BUie  Kidge  in  their  travels 
through  Virginia,  and  bound  them,  U{)on  pain  of  death,  not  to  molest 
the  tributary  Indians  of  the  colony,  among  whom  were  the  Saponi. 

The  Nottoway  town  was  at  this  lime  is  Kle  of  VVi>*hl  county,  on  the 
Black  Water  river.  It  was  visited  in  1728,  by  Colonel  William  Byrd, 
who  gives  an  amusing  account  of  his  entertainnitfnt  tlierc.  He  states 
that  they  then  numbered  two  hundred  souls  and  were  about  the  only 
Indians  of  any  ccmsequence  remaining  in  Virginia.  {B\rd,  History  of 
the  Dividing  Lin^,  1728-29.  p.  74.  Richmond,  Va.,  i}:'66.)  In  1722,  ihe 
Nottoways  were  living  in  Surry  county.  Va.,  and  then  numbered  about 
one  hundred  warriors.  They  were  described  as  being  "of  late  a  thriv- 
ing and  increasing  people."  {\\ii\^v\y,  Histoiy  of  I'ir/^iuia,  L(>ndon, 
1722,  p.  184;  reprint,   1855.) 


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EARLY   WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  291 

Testimony  of  Mary  Tatum  that  one  Jenning  [?]  a  Nottoway  In- 
dian on  his  return  from  the  Sapony  Fort  owned  at  her  House 
that  he  &  others  of  that  Nation  had  been  that  day  fighting  with 
the  Saponies  and  it  also  appearing  that  the  said  Nottoways  have 
at  their  Town  four  Prisoners  of  the  Saponie  Nation  taken  from 
the  plantacon  of  Coll.  R^  Mountford  [Munford].  It  is  ordered 
that  the  said  Nottoway  Indians  for  their  Contempt  in  disobey- 
ing the  Orders  of  the  Governour  be  fined  in  the  Sum  of  ten 
pounds,  to  be  paid  to  the  Saponies  or  the  Value  thereof  in 
Goods,  being  the  Compensation  they  agree  to  accept  for  the 
loss  they  have  sustained  by  means  of  the  said  Nottoway  Indians 
and  that  the  same  be  accordingly  paid  before  the  fifteenth  day 
of  April  next,  and  it's  further  Ordered  that  the  sd.  Jenning  [?]  & 
two  other  of  the  great  Men  of  the  Nottoway  Indians  be  com- 
mitted to  the  publick  Goal  &  there  detained  until  the  Sapony 
Prisoners  be  delivered  up  to  their  Na'con  and  for  the  better 
preserving  the  Peace  between  the  sd.  Nations  for  the  future  It 
is  ordered  that  Neither  of  the  sd.  Nottoway  or  Sapony  Indians 
do  presume  hereafter  to  disturb  or  molest  one  another  in  their 
Hunting  and  if  either  of  them  shall  offend  herein  the  Indians 
found  guilty  of  being  the  first  Aggressours  shall  be  transported 
out  of  this  Colony  and  if  any  murder  shall  be  committed  by 
either  of  the  sd.  Nations  on  the  other  that  Nation  whose  Indians 
shall  comit  the  same  shall  be  answerable  for  such  muder  unless 
they  deliver  up  the  P'sons  concern' d  therein  to  be  tried  &  pun- 
ished according  to  Law  and  whereas  the  Nottoway  Indians 
frequently  entertain  at  their  Town  parties  of  the  Tuscarooro's 
inhabiting  in  No.  Carolina  &  under  Colour  thereof  do  receive 
among  them  divers  of  The  Six  Nac'ons  under  the  Governm't 
of  New  York  who  by  their  Treaties  of  peace  are  bound  not  to 
pass  through  any  part  of  this  Country  to  the  Eastward  of  the 
great  Mountains  or  to  the  Northward  of  Roanoke  River  with- 
out a  Passport  from  the  Governour  of  New  York  and  then  not 
exceeding  ten  in  one  Company  the  said  Nottoway  Indians  are 
for  the  future  to  forbear  entertaining  at  their  Towns  or  giving 
encouragement  to  their  Coming  in  this  Colony  any  of  the  said 
foreign  Indians  on  pain  of  being  made  accountable  for  any 
mischief  or  Injury  the  sd.  Tuskarooro's  or  other  foreign  Indians 
shall  do  either  to  his  Majesties  Subjects  or  to  the  Saponies  and 


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292  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

on  the  other  hand  the  Sapony  Indians  are  to  be  accountable  for 
any  Injury  or  mischief  which  Shall  be  done  to  his  Majesty's 
Subjects  or  to  the  Nottoways  by  any  of  the  Cattabaw  Indians 
their  Confederates  who  shall  resort  to  their  Town. 

Which  Orders  &  Injunctions  aforemenconed  being  com'uni- 
cated  &  fully  explained  to  the  s**  Nottoway  &  Sapony  Indians 
where  by  their  respective  g^reat  Men  severally  agreed  &  sub- 
mitted to  and  it  is  Ordered  that  Copies  hereof  be  delivered  to 
the  Interpreters  of  the  said  several  Nations  to  be  by  them  com- 
municate to  all  the  Indians  at  their  respective  Towns. 


Dec.  15,  1732. 

Whereas  Information  was  this  day  given  to  the  Board  that 

the  Tuscarooro  Indians  in  Conjunction  with  divers  Indians  of 

the  Six  Nations  *  under  the  Governm't  of  New  York  are  now 

amongst  the  Frontier  plantacons  iii  the  County  of  Brunswick 

♦The  Tuscarora  Indians  mentioned  in  this  Order  consisted  of  that 
portion  of  the  tribe  which  remained  neutral  in  the  war  of  1711-13. 
The  hostiles  were  defeated  with  overwhelming  loss  in  March,  1713,  at 
Snow  Hill,  Greene  county,  North  Carolina,  by  the  South  Carolina 
forces  under  Colonel  James  Moore.  (Fiske,  Old  Virgima  and  Her 
Neighbors,  Vol.  II,  p.  304.)  It  is  well  known  that  the  defeated  rem- 
nant fled  into  Virginia,  and  after  remaining  there  a  short  time  removed 
to  New  York  and  became  the  Sixth  Nation  of  the  Iroquoian  confed- 
eracy. The  date  of  their  migration  is  not  drfinitely  known,  but  it  was 
probably  in  the  spring  or  summer  of  17 14.  An  Order  of  the  New  York 
Council  passed  June  15th,  1713,  recites  that  the  Tuscarora  Indians  being 
then  at  war  with  her  Majesty's  subjects  in  Carolina  and  the  Flatheads 
(Catawbas),  should  not  be  allowed  to  settle  in  New  York  until  peace 
had  been  declared.  {Collections  Neiv  York  Historical  Society,  .869, 
Vol.  II,  p.  463.) 

In  a  letter  to  the  Commissioners  of  Trade,  dated  July  21st,  1714, 
Governor  Spotswood  speaks  of  the  peace  which  then  existed  with  the 
Indians,  and  this  would  indicate  that  the  Tuscaroras  were  allowed  to 
join  the  Five  Nations  in  17 14.  (Spotswood,  Official  Letters,  Vol.  II,  p. 
70.)  These  Indians  were  a  source  of  anxiety  to  Governor  Spotswood 
during  nearly  the  whole  of  his  official  career.  Visits  of  the  Five  Na- 
tions to  the  Tuscarora  town  in  Bertie  county,  North  Carolina,  and  their 
attacks  upon  the  tributary  Indians  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Chris - 
tanna,  were  undoubtedly  the  impelling  reasons  for  the  Treaty  of  Albany 
in  1722. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  293 

lying  in  wait  to  cut  off  the  Sapony  Indians  for  paventing  [pre- 
venting] the  Mischiefs  w*"*  may  happen  as  well  to  the  Inhabitants 
on  the  sd.  Frontier  as  to  the  sd.  Saponee  Indians  living  under  the 
•protection  of  this  Government.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  Board 
&  accordingly  Ordered  that  the  Commanding  Officers  of  the 
Militia  in  the  Several  Frontier  Counties  give  immediate  Orders 
to  take  up  &  secure  all  such  of  the  Northern  Indians  as  shall  be 
found  on  the  North  side  Roanoke  river  &  East  sides  the  great 
Mountains  within  the  Limits  of  this  Colony  not  having  passports 
from  the  Governour  of  New  York  conformable  to  the  Treaty 
made  with  them  in  year  1722,  &  all  Tuscarooro  Indians  living 
within  the  province  of  North  Carolina  who  shall  be  found  within 
the  Bounds  of  Virginia  without  Lisence  to  cause  them  &  every 
of  them  to  be  Conveyed  under  a  Guard  to  W°"Burg  there  to  be 
proceeded  ag*  according  to  the  Directions  of  the  act  of  Assembly 
in  that  Case  made  &  provided. 


May  4,  1733. 

A  Warrant  under  his  Sign  Manual  dated  the  25th  of  Jan'' 
last  <S:  countersigned  by  the  Lords  Com"  of  his  Majestys  Treas- 
ury was  this  day  read  in  Council  directing  of  the  payment  of  the 
Sum  of  nine  hundred  thirty-six  pounds  twelve  shillings  to  Coll. 
Alex'  Spotswood  *  out  of  the  revenue  of  two  shillings  p  hhd  in 


*  This  Order  records  the  payment  to  (iovernor  Spotswood  of  a  debt 
justly  due  him  for  eleven  years.  Payment  was  doubtles-i  delayed  by  the 
sami  influences  which  secured  his  removal  from  oftice.  Upon  his  re- 
tirement he  devoted  himself  to  the  management  of  his  large  estate, 
particularly  the  iron  mines  and  fuMiaces.  On  July  i8th,  1722,  he  pur- 
chased from  William  Beverley  his  interest  in  15,000  acres  of  whdt  was 
known  as  the  "  Ironmine  land."  The  deed  recites  that  Alexander 
Spotswood,  Robert  Beverley,  of  King  and  Queen,  and  Thomas  Jones,  of 
VVilliamsburg,  merchant,  had  entered  into  a  copartnership  for  the  pur- 
pose of  melting  and  casting  iron.  This  copartnership  was  formed  prior 
to  February  20th,  1719,  when  the  patent  for  the  "Ironmine  land"  was 
secured.  <  Spotsylvania  County  Records,  New  York,  1905,  p.  89.)  The 
recitals  in  a  deed  dated  December  21st,  1725,  show  that  Governor  Spots- 
wood  was  then  residing  in  London,  and  a  deed  dated  February  26th, 
1728,  indirates  that  he  was  still  in  England.     A  deed  dated  November  6th 


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294  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

full  of  all  demands  for  his  Expenses  &  Service  in  Negotiating  a 
Treaty  with  the  Indians  at  Albany  in  the  year  1722.  And  it  is 
accordingly  ordered  that  a  Warrant  be  prepared  for  the  Gov- 
ernor's Signing  for  the  Payment  of  the  af 'sd  Sum  pursuant  to 
his  Majestys  pleasure  in  that  behalf 


June  13,  1733. 

The  Indians  of  the  Sapony  &  Nottoway  Nations  this  day 
attended  the  Gov'  in  Council  &  represented  that  in  Order  to  put 
an  end  to  the  Hostilities  *  between  them  they  had  entred  into 
Terns  of  peace  &  amity  in  which  the  Tuscarooro  Indians  were 
willing  to  be  included  &  it  was  this  day  agreed  between  them 
that  the  great  Men  of  the  Sapony  &  Nottoway  Nations  meet  at 
the  Tuscarooro  Town  &  there  conclude  a  peace  amongst  them- 
selves &  at  the  request  of  the  Saponies  Leave  is  granted  them 
to  incorporate  with  the  Tuscarooro' s  if  they  see  fit  upon  this 
Condicon  that  neither  of  the  said  Nacons  do  presume  to  hunt 
upon  any  patented  Lands  within  this  Government  nor  come 
amongst  the  Inhabitants  in  any  greater  number  than  three  in  a 
Company,  and  Leave  is  also  granted  the  said  Saponies  to  re- 
main where  they  now  are  until  the  Corn  be  gathered  in  and  then 
if  they  do  not  cohabit  with  the  Tuscarooro' s  that  they  remove 
to  some  place  without  the  Inhabitants  between  Roanoke  &  Ap- 


1732,  shows  that  he  had  then  returned  to  Virginia.  {Idem,  pp.  97,  106, 
123.)  Recalled  to  the  service  of  the  King  and  made  Major-General  in 
the  Brili-ih  army,  he  died  June  7th,  1740,  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  upon  the 
eve  of  his  departure  as  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  expedition  against 
Carthagena.  He  will  live  in  the  history  of  V^irginia  as  the  best  of  her 
colonial  governors.  His  short  journey  from  Germanna  to  the  Shenan- 
doah was  the  first  march  in  "The  Winning  of  the  West." 

♦Council  Order  of  May  5,  1732,  in  reference  to  the  Saponi  Indians, 
fixes  the  date  of  their  return  to  V^irginia.  They  were  again  seeking 
protection  agaui'it  their  ancient  enemy,  the  Iroquois.  It  was  shown  in 
the  July  number  of  the  Magazine  that  they  finally  made  peace  with  the 
Six  Nations,  and  removed  fir^t  to  Pennsylvania,  in  1740.  and  thence  to 
New  York  about  1753.  Their  removal  to  Pennsylvania,  was  probably 
coincident  with  the  transfer  from  North  Carolina  to  New  York  of  that 
portion  of  ihe  Tuscarora  nation  which  remained  for  a  time  in  North 
Carolina  after  the  conclusion  of  hostilities. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD    MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  295 

poniatox  rivers  where  a  sufficient  Tract  of  Land  shall  be  assijjn'd 
them  according  to  the  former  directions  of  this  Board  and  it  is 
ordered  that  M'  R'  Hix  do  attend  the  sd.  Saponies  in  their  pres- 
ent Treaty  with  the  Tiiscarooro's  &  report  to  this  Board  the 
Condicons  of  the  peace  concluded  between  them. 


Oct.  17,  1733. 

On  hearing  this  day  in  Council  the  petition  of  divers  of  the 
Inhabitants  of  St.  Georges  Parish  in  the  County  of  Spotsylvania, 
complaining  that  the  Vestry  of  the  said  Parish  have  ordered  two 
new  Churches  to  be  built  neither  of  which  are  any  way  con- 
venient to  the  upper  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Parish,  and  on  Con- 
sidering what  was  in  behalf  of  the  Vestry,  it  appearing  to  the 
Board  that  no  Complaint  was  offered  to  [by?]  any  of  the  Inhab- 
itants until  after  the  said  Churches  were  begun  to  be  built  and 
that  the  same  is  now  so  far  proceeded  in  that  the  work  cannot 
be  interrupted  without  putting  the  Parish  to  a  very  great  &  con- 
siderable Charge.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  Board  That  the 
saide  Petition  be  rejected  but  nevertheless  that  the  said  Vestry 
according  to  the  Proposal  this  day  made  in  their  behalf  do  with 
all  Convenient  Speed  cause  a  Chappel  of  Ease  to  be  built  for 
the  use  of  the  upper  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Parish  as  shall  be 
found  most  suitable  for  that  purpose. 


Dec.  12,  1733. 
William  Beverly  Gent,  having  entered  a  Caveat*  for  stopping 


♦This  Order  fixes  the  date  of  the  Massanutton  settlement,  discussed 
in  note  4,  p.  120,  of  the  October  number  of  the  Magazine.  It  shows  the 
end  of  the  litigation  between  William  Beverly  and  Jacob  Stover,  indenti- 
fies  the  land  in  dispute,  and  demonstrates  that  1733  was  the  year  in  which 
the  petition  was  filed.  The  petitioners  had  settled  there  about  four 
years  prior  to  that  date,  and  therefore  must  have  come  in  1729  or  1730, 
in  all  probability  the  latter  year. 

As  the  place  of  the  first  permanent  settlement  made  by  white  men 
west  of  the  Blue  Ridge  in  Virginia,  the  location  of  Massanutton  is  of 
more  than  local  historical  importance.  Some  uncertainty  has  surrounded 
the  question  of  its  exact  location,  but  these  doubts  have  been  resolved. 


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296  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

a  Patent  sued  out  by  Jacob  Stover  for  a  Tract  of  Land  lying  on 
both  sides  Sherrando  River,  and  in  the  second  Fork  thereof. 
On  hearing  the  Parties  by  their  Council    It  is  the  Opinion  of 


The  southwestern  boundary  was  about  three  miles  northeast  of  present 
Elkton,  Rockingham  county,  Virginia.  This  is  demonstrated  by  the 
following  facts:  By  patent  dated  Dec.  13,  1738,  and  recorded  in  the 
land  oflice  at  Richmond,  Va.,  Jacob  Stover  was  granted  800  acres  of 
land  lying  on  the  south  (southeast)  side  of  the  Shenandoah  river,  ihen 
in  Orange  county,  **adjoinmg  another  tract  of  the  said  Stover  contain- 
ing 5,000  acres."  By  deed  dated  Oct.  21,  1741,  recorded  at  Orange, 
Va.,  Jacob  Stover  sold  to  Joseph  Bloodworth  a  tract  of  land  *' contain- 
ing by  estimation  820  acres,  be  the  same  more  or  less,"  lying  in  Orange 
county  on  the  east  (southeast)  side  of  the  Shenandoah  river  adjoining 
*•  Stovers  pattent  [5/V]."  In  this  deed  the  point  of  departure  is  given 
as  being  between  Hawksbill  Run  and  Elk  Run.  The  latter  stream 
flows  into  the  Shenandoah  immediately  at  Elkton  ;  the  former  about 
one  and  one-half  miles  to  the  southwest.  By  deed  dated  March  9,  1741, 
and  recorded  at  Orange,  Va.,  Joseph  Bloodworth  sold  to  Adam  Miller 
the  same  tract  of  land  "containing  by  estimation  820  acres,  be  the  same 
more  or  less,"  lying  on  the  east  (southeast)  side  of  the  Shenandoah. 
The  same  point  of  departure  is  given  as  above,  and  the  closing  lines 
touch  the  cources  of  "Stover's  pattent  [Sic].'*  It  will  be  observed 
that  Bloodworth  sold  to  Miller  before  acquiring  title  from  Stover.  By 
deed  dated  Sept.  27,  1764,  and  recorded  at  Staunton,  Va.,  Adam  Miller 
conveyed  280  acres  of  land  to  his  son-in  law,  Jacob  Bear,  "being  the 
same  plantation  on  which  said  Adam  Miller  now  lives,  and  which  he  pur- 
chased from  Joseph  Bloodworth,  and  he  from  Jacob  Stover,  and  is  part 
of  a  greater  tract  of  820  acres."  The  Bear  family  still  reside  upon  this 
land,  which  includes  the  well-known  Bear  Lithia  Spring.  Here  Adam 
Miller,  the  first  of  the  Valley  pioneers,  lived  and  died. 

These  deeds  are  positive  evidence  that  one  of  Stover's  5,000  acre 
grants  commenced  about  three  miles  northeast  of  present  Elkton.  The 
location  of  the  other  grant  is  positively  known  to  have  been  immedi- 
ately below  present  Port  Republic,  as  shown  in  the  last  issue  of  the 
Magazine,  and  therefore  can  be  eliminated  from  this  discussion.  The 
courses  and  distances  of  the  grant  under  discussion  do  not  extend  far 
back  from  the  river  on  either  side,  and  being  surveyed  in  a  narrow 
strip,  5,000  acres,  approximately  eight  square  miles,  could  easily  have 
been  extended  down  the  river  a  distance  of  twelve  miles,  or  perhaps 
further,  and  this,  it  seems,  was  the  case.  The  northeastern  boundary 
of  Massanutlon  seems  to  have  been  in  the  neighborhood  of  Newport,  a 
village  in  present  Page  county,  distant  about  twelve  miles  from  Bear 
Lithia  Spring,   the  southwestern  boundary  of  Stover's  lower  grant 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  297 

this  Board  and  accordingly  Ordered  That  a  Patent  be  granted 
the  said  Sfover  For  ye  Tract  of  Land  in  dispute,  pursuant  to 
the  grant  thereof  made  to  him  in  the  Year  1730,  and  that  the 
said  Caveat  be  set  aside. 


Gottschalk,  the  Moravian  missionary,  described  it  in  1748  as  *' a  narrow, 
small,  and  oblong  district."    (  Virgima  Magazine,  Vol.  XII,  p.  229) 

The  Fairfax  Line  crossed  the  Page  Valley  at  Newport.  Before  tlie 
organization  of  Rockingham  county  in  1778,  the  county  of  Augusta  ex- 
tended down  the  Shenandoah  to  this  point.  North  and  east  of  the 
Fairfax  Line  was  original  Frederick  county.  In  1746,  the  estate  of 
Abram  Strickler,  one  of  the  petitioners,  of  1733,  was  appraised  in 
Augusta  county,  and  that  of  Michael  Rinehart,  another  petitioner,  in 
1749.  (Waddell,  Annals  of  Augusta  County,  2nd  ed.,  pp.  78,  80.)  In 
addition,  Mathias  Seizor,  still  another  petitioner,  was  appointed  a  mem- 
ber of  the  county  court  of  Augusta  in  1751.  (Summers,  History  of 
Southwest  Virginia,  p.  821.)  On  the  26th,  of  June,  1740,  Abram  Strick- 
ler and  others  presented  a  petition  to  the  County  Court  of  Orange  for  a 
public  road  from  Smith's  Creek  over  the  "  Buffiloe  Mountains"  to  the 
mouth  of  **  Massanutten"  and  thence  over  the  Blue  Ridge  to  Mr. 
Thornton's  mill.  Petition  granted,  and  Abram  Strickler  and  Philip 
Lung  (Long),  another  of  the  petitioners,  were  ordered  to  lay  off  and 
supervise  the  construction  of  the  road.  Massanutton  Creek  flows  out 
of  that  range  of  mountains  into  the  Shenandoah  in  the  vicinity  of 
Newport. 

These  court  records  are  cited  to  show  that  all,  or  nearly  all,  of  the 
petitioners  of  1733,  resided  in  territory  which  became  a  part  of  Augusta 
when  that  county  was  organized,  and  therefore  south  of  the  Fairfax 
Line.  The  court  orders  fix  the  location  of  Massanutton  on  the  Shenan- 
doah between  Bear  Lithia  Springs  on  the  southwest  and  Newport, 
Page  county,  Va.,  on  the  northeast.  The  **  Buffalo  Mountains  "  appear 
for  the  first  time  in  this  petition,  and  this  was  probably  the  name  given 
to  the  Massanutton  range  by  the  first  settlers.  The  road  in  question  is 
probably  that  which  crosses  the  mountains  from  New  Market  to  Luray. 
The  two  grants  of  5,000  acres  each,  dated  December  i.sth,  1733,  were 
the  first  crown  patents  issued  for  lands  in  Virginia  lying  west  of  the 
Blue  Ridge. 

In  1733  ^his  interesting  colony  numbered  fifty-one  persons,  and  nine 
plantations  had  been  cleared.  They  state  that  a  few  persons  had  pre- 
ceded them  in  that  locahty,  and  this  must  refer  to  Adam  Miller  and  his 
family,  who  were  frequently  visited  by  the  Indians.  (Palmer,  Calendar 
of  Virginia  State  Papers,  Vol.  I,  pp.  219-20.) 


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298  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


COMMISSION  TO  GOVERNOR  YEARDLEY  AND 
COUNCIL.  MARCH  14,   1625-6. 


(From  Copy  in  Robinson  MSS,  Virginia  Historical  Society.) 


[This  is  a  renewal  by  Charles  I  of  the  commission  as  Governor 
pro  tern,,  issued  by  James  I  on  September  18,  1625.  On  April 
19,  1 6x6.  Yeardley  was  commissioned  Governor-in-Chief.  For 
instructions  bearing  the  latter  date,  see  this  Magazine  H,  393- 
396.] 

Charles,  by  the  Grace  of  God  &c.  To  our  trusty  &  well  be- 
loved Sir  George  Yeardley  knight,  Francis  West  Esqr.,  John 
Harvey  Esqr.,  George  Sandis  Esqr.,  John  Pott  Doctor  of  phi- 
sick,  Roger  Smith  Esqr.,  Ralph  Hamor  Esqr.,  Samuel  Mathews 
Esqr.,  Abraham  Percey  Esq.,  William  Claybourne  Rsqr.,  Wil- 
liam Tucker  Esqr.,  Jabes  Whitakers  Esq.,  Edward  Blaney  R^^q. 
&  William  Farrer  Esqr.  Greeting  Whereas  our  late  Royal! 
father  King  James  of  happy  memory  deceased  by  his  Commis- 
sion under  his  great  Seal  of  England  bearing  date  the  six  & 
twentieth  day  of  August  in  the  two  &  twentieth  year  of  his  reign 
of  England  France  &  Ireland  &  of  Scotland  the  eighth  and  fif- 
tieth for  the  better  ordering  manageing  &  governing  of  the 
affairs  of  the  Colony  &  plantation  in  Virginia  &  of  the  persons 
then  there  inhabiting  and  that  thereafter  should  be  &  inhabite 
there  untill  some  other  settled  &  constant  course  might  be  re- 
solved of  &  established  by  himself  Did  nominate  and  assigne  Sir 
Francis  Wyatt  Knight  to  be  the  then  present  Governor  &  him 
&  you  the  said  George  Yardley,  Francis  West  and  divers  others 
in  the  said  Commission  particularly  mentioned  to  be  the  then 
present  Councel  of&  for  the  said  Colony  &  plantation  in  Virginia 
with  diverse  priviledges  &  authorities  in  the  said  Commission 
Expressed  &  set  down  as  in  &  by  the  same  may  more  at  large 
appeare  And  whereas  our  said  late  Royall  father  upon  informa- 
tion that  George  Wyatt,  Esqr.,  father  of  the  said  Sir  Francis 
Wyatt  was  then  lately  deccrased  in  the  realme  of  Ireland  by  rea- 


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COMMISSION   TO  GOVERNOR    YEARDLEY.  299 

son  whereof  happily  the  s'd  Sir  Francis  might  desire  to  return 
into  England  about  his  own  private  occasions  which  our  said 
father  notwithstanding  the  great  &  weighty  importance  of  his 
affairs  in  that  country  was  graiiously  inclined  to  yeild  unto  if 
himself  should  so  desire  &  his  occasions  so  require  And  yet  for 
that  in  the  absence  The  s*d  Sir  Francis  Wyatt  (if  no  other  Gov- 
ernor should  be  appointed  for  him)  many  inconveniences  might 
happen  which  in  a  business  of  such  consequence  were  necessary 
to  be  provided  for  by  another  Commission  under  this  great  seal 
of  England  bearing  date  eighteenth  day  of  September  in  the 
said  two  &  twentieth  year  of  his  Highness  Reign  of  England 
France  &  Ireland  &  of  Scotland  the  eight  ^  fiftieth  Did  give  & 
grant  unto  the  said  Sir  Francis  Wyatt  free  liberty  licence  &  au- 
thority at  his  own  will  and  pleasure  when  he  shall  so  think  fitt  to 
return  &  take  his  voyage  for  towards  and  into  this  realme  of 
England  for  the  performance  &  execution  of  his  own  private 
affairs  And  .to  the  end  that  the  service  in  the  first  recited  Com- 
mission Expressed  might  not  in  the  meantime  be  neglected  our 
said  late  fathers  will  &  pleasure  was  &  he  did  by  the  said  last 
mentioned  Commission  nominate  &  appoint  you  the  s'd  Sir 
George  Yardley  in  the  absence  of  the  s'd  Sir  Francis  Wyatt  or 
upon  his  search  if  it  should  so  happen  to  be  the  then  present 
Government  you  the  s'd  Francis  West  in  the  s'd  former  Com- 
mission mentioned  to  be  the  then  present  councel  of  &  for  the 
s'd  Colony  &  plantation  in  Virginia  giving  &  by  the  s'd  latter 
Commission  granting  unto  you  &  them  &  the  greater  number 
of  you  &  them  respectively  full  power  and  authority  to  perform 
Si  execute  the  places  powers  &  authorities  incident  to  a  Governor 
&  Councel  in  Virginia  respectively  according  to  the  tenour  effect 
&  true  meaning  of  the  s'd  former  recited  Commissioner  in  that 
behalf  to  them  &  you  directed  together  with  diverse  priviledges 
Si  authorities  in  the  said  last  mentioned  Commission  expressed 
as  in  &  by  the  same  may  more  at  large  appear.  Now  know  ye 
that  we  lake  into  our  princejy  consideration  the  care  &  provi- 
dence of  our  s'd  late  Royall  father  having  respect  to  the  good 
of  that  plantation  so  happily  begun  which  we  conceive  to  be  a 
business  of  that  consequence  w'ch  we  ought  to  encourage  &  by 
all  good  means  to  bring  to  perfection  we  being  forced  by  many 


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300  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Other  urgent  oceasions  in  respect  to  our  late  access  to  the  crown 
continue  the  same  means  that  formerly  was  thought  fitt  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  s'd  Colony  &  plantation  untill  we  should  find 
some  more  convenient  means  upon  mature  advice  to  give  more 
ample  directions  for  the  same  &  reposing  assured  trust  &  confi- 
dence in  the  understanding  care  fidelity  experience  &  circum- 
spection of  you  the  s*d  Sir  George  Yardley,  Francis  West, 
John  Harvey,  George  Sandis,  John  Pott,  Roger  Smith,  Ralph 
Hamer,  Samuel  Mathews,  Abraham  Percey,  William  Clayborne, 
William  Tucker,  Jabes  Whitakers,  Edward  Blaney  &  William 
Farrer  have  nominated  &  assigned  &  by  these  presents  Do  nom- 
inate &  assigne  you  the  s'd  Sir  George  Yeardley  to  be  present 
Governor  &  you  the  s'd  John  Harvey  &  the  rest  before  men- 
tioned to  be  present  Councel  of  and  for  the  's'd  colony  &  plan- 
tation in  Virginia  giving  &  by  these  presents  granting  unto  you 
&  the  greater  number  6f  you  respectively  full  power  &  authority 
to  perform  &  execute  the  places  power  &  authorities  incident  to 
a  Governor  &  Councel  of  Virginia  or  in  any  of  the  Isles  ports 
havens  creeks  or  territories  thereof  either  in  time  of  peace  or  war 
&  to  order  &  direct  the  affairs  touching  or  concerning  that  col- 
ony or  plantation  in  those  forrain  parts  only  &  to  execute  & 
perform  all  and  every  Other  matters  &  things  concerning  that 
plantation  as  fully  &  amply  as  any  Governor  &  Councel  resident 
thereat  any  time  within  the  space  of  five  years  now  last  past  h?.d 
or  might  perform  or  execute.  And  because  by  the  directions  of 
Industrious  &  well  Experienced  men  the  limits  &  bounds  of  the 
said  plantation  may  be  augmented  &  the  trade  &  commerce  of 
the  maintenance  of  the  inhabitants  there  from  time  to  time  re- 
siding much  advanced. 

Our  will  Sc  pleasure  is  &  we  do  by  these  presents  give  &  grant 
unto  you  the  s'd  George  Yardley  and  the  rest  of  you  hereinbe- 
fore mentioned  or  any  four  or  more  of  you  (whereof  the  Gov- 
ernor for  that  time  being  we  will  shall  be  always  one)  full  power 
&  authority  to  grant  one  or  more  Commission  or  Commissions 
unto  any  our  subjects  thereunto  addressing  themselves  for  the 
discovery  of  the  s'd  Country  &  ports  bounds  limits  &  extent 
thereof  &  also  for  the  finding  out  what  trades  shall  be  most  nec- 
essary to  be  undertaken  for  the  benefit  &  advantage  of  the  s*d 


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COMMISSION   TO  GOVERNOR   YEARDLEY.  301 

Colony  &  plantation  &  the  good  of  the  people  inhabitiug  or 
which  shall  inhabite  there  both  by  sea  &  land  And  further  upon 
all  occasions  as  you  or  any  four  or  more  of  you  (whereof  the 
Gov'r  for  the  time  being  to  be  always  one)  shall  see  fitt  to  send 
out  forces  for  the  subduing  of  the  Indians  &  savages  of  the  s*d 
country  &  likewise  to  make  war  &  peace  with  them  in  all  such 
cases  as  it  may  stand  with  the  safety  of  the  ,i*d  colony  &  our 
honor  keeping  allways  sufficient  forces  for  the  holding  of  the 
places  there  now  enjoyed  And  if  it  shall  happen  the  said  Sir 
George  Yeardley  to  dye  then  our  will  &  pleasure  is  &  we  do  by 
these  presents  nominate  &  assign  you  the  s'd  John  Harvey  upon 
the  death  of  the  s*d  Sir  George  Yeardley  to  be  our  present  Gov- 
ernor &  you  the  s'd  Francis  West  &  tlie  rest  of  our  s'd  Com'rs 
to  be  our  present  councel  of  the  s'd  Colony  &  plantation  in  Vir- 
ginia giving  and  granting  unto  you  or  the  greater  number  of 
you  respectively  full  power  &  authority  to  execute  the  places 
powers  &  authorities  of  a  Gov'r  &  Council  in  Virginia  respec- 
tively as  aforesaid  And  if  it  shall  happen  the  s'd  John  Harvey 
likewise  to  dye  or  in  case  the  s'd  Sir  George  Yeardley  his  uriirent 
occasions  (allowed  by  four  or  more  of  our  s'd  councel  there") 
shall  call  him  thence  at  any  time  then  our  will  &  pleasure  is  & 
we  do  hereby  give  &  grant  unto  you  the  s'd  Francis  West  & 
the  rest  of  the  Com'rs  before  named  or  the  greater  number  of 
you  full  power  Sc  authority  in  the  absence  of  the  s'd  John 
Harvey  to  elect  nominate  &  assign  one  of  our  councel  afores'd 
to  be  the  present  Governor  for  the  s'd  colony  &  plantation  in 
Virginia  &  so  to  do  from  time  to  time  as  often  as  the  case  shall  be 
required  And  we  do  by  these  presents  nominate  &  assign  such 
person  by  you  or  the  greater  number  of  you  so  from  time  to 
time  to  be  elected  &  chosen  to  be  the  present  Governor  Sc  , 
you  the  rest  of  our  s'd  Com'rs  to  be  our  present  councel  for 
the  s'd  colony  Si  plantation  of  Virginia  giving  &  by  these  pres- 
ents granting  unto  you  &  the  greater  number  of  you  respectively 
full  power  &  authority  to  execute  &  perform  the  places  powers 
&  authorities  of  a  Gov'r  and  councel  for  Virginia  respectively  in 
manner  &  form  afores'd.  Nevertheless  our  will  and  pleasure  is 
that  ye  &  every  of  you  proceed  herein  according  to  such  instruc- 
tions as  are  in  these  presents  contained  or  as  ye  or  such  of  you 


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302  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

as  have  heretofore  of  our  councel  there  have  received  or  accord- 
ing to  such  instructions  as  you  shall  hereafter  receive  from  us  or 
our   Com'rs  here  to  that  purpose  appointed  or  to  be  appointed. 

And  our  further  will  &  pleasure  is  &  we  do  hereby  give  fall 
power  &  authority  unto  &  do  will  &  command  that  you  the  s*d 
Sir  George  Yardley  &  John  Harvey  or  either  of  you  who  have 
already  been  of  the  councel  in  those  parts  for  the  plantation 
there  And  have  already  taken  your  oaths  before  our  privy  coun- 
cel in  England  shall  administer  under  the  s'd  Francis  West,  John 
Pott,  William  Tucker,  Jabes  Whitakers,  Edward  Blaney  &  Wil- 
liam Farrer  &  every  of  them  the  like  oath  upon  the  holy  Evan- 
gelist as  ye  or  either  of  you  have  already  taken  as  counsellor  of 
or  for  the  s'd  Colony  or  plantation  willing  &  requiring  you  to  be 
diligent  &  attendant  in  the  execution  of  this  our  service  &  com- 
mandm't  &  also  willing  and  commanding  all  other  our  loving 
subjects  there  to  be  directed  &  governed  by  you  or  the  greater 
number  of  you  in  all  things  according  to  the  intentions  &  true 
meaning  of  these  presents  &  for  as  much  as  the  affairs  of  state 
of  the  s'd  Colony  &  plantation  may  necessarily  require  some 
person  of  Quality  &  Trust  to  be  employed  as  Secretary  for  the 
writing  &  answering  such  letters  as  shall  be  from  time  to  time 
directed  to  or  sent  from  the  said  Governor  &  Councel  of  the 
Colony  aforesaid  Our  will  8c  pleasure  is  Sc  we  do  by  these  pres- 
ents nominate  &  assign  you  the  s'd  William  Clay  borne  to  be  our 
Secretary  of  state  of  &  for  the  s'd  Colony  &  plantation  of  Vir- 
ginia residing  in  those  parts  giving  &  by  these  presents  granting 
unto  you  the  said  William  Clayborne  full  power  &  authority  to 
do  execute  &  perform  all  &  every  thing  <&  things  w'tsoever  to 
the  s'd  office  of  Secretary  of  Slate  of  tS:  for  the  s'd  Colony  & 
plantation  of  Virginia  incident  Sc  appertaining  And  Lastly  our 
will  &  pleasure  is  that  this  our  Commission  shall  continue  in 
force  untill  such  time  as  we  by  some  other  writing  under  signet 
privy  seal  or  great  seal  of  England  shall  signify  our  pleasure  to 
the  contrary.  In  witness  whereof  &c.  witness  ourself  at  West- 
minster the  fourteenth  day  of  March  Anno  Regni  Regis  Caroli 
Aug't  et  primo. 

t^    IPSUM  Regem. 

March  14,  1625-6. 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  303 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND. 


Communicated  by  Mr.  LothropWithington,  30  Little  Russell  street, 

VV.  C,  London  (including  ** Gleanings"  by  Mr.  H.  F.  Waters, 

not  before  printed.) 

(CONTLNUED) 

Richard  Barnabe,  London,  Marchant,  bound  on  a  voyaj^e 
by  God's  grace  to  the  East  Indyes  with  good  shipp  or  vessell 
named  the  Mary  of  London  of  the  burden  of  One  Thousand 
Tunnes  or  thereabouts.  Will  19  January  1630  |  i;  proved  11 
July  1636.  To  be  buried  neere  late  wief  in  church  of  St.  Kath- 
erine  Coleman,  London.  All  to  daughters  Elizabeth  Barnabe 
and  Mary  Barnabe,  executrixes.  Overseers:  brothers  in  lawe 
Mr.  John  Boulteel,  Clarke,  and  George  Rookes,  Marchant, 
goodes  to  remayne  in  their  hands  till  daughters  are  21;  if  either 
die,  or  refuse  said  [sic]  Samuell  Fortrc  to  join  with  surviver  or 
Refuser,  and  if  Samuel  Kortre  die  or  refuse,  then  my  brother  in 
lawe  Samuel  Gatre  vncle  of  my  children  to  ioyne  etc.  etc. 
Whereas  ;{^6oo  given  by  will  of  Mrs.  Anne  Gatree  late  of  Lon- 
don, widdow,  etc.  dated  5  December  1627  given  to  said  daugh- 
ter Elizabeth  and  Mary  and  due  tome  if  they  die  before  marriage 
or  21,  whereof  ;{^200  is  in  charge  of  Mr.  John  Fortree,  ;^200  in 
hands  of  said  Samuel  Fortree  and  ^200  in  hands  of  said  John 
Boulteel,  three  of  executors  of  will  of  said  Anne  Gatree:  To 
Loving  brother  John  Barnabe  resident  in  X'ir^iiiia  and  Planter 
there  ;^ioo,  and  my  brother  James  Barnabe  resident  in  Virginia 
j^^ioo,  to  be  paid  to  them  if  living,  or  if  dead  to  their  sons  and 
daughters.  If  none  be  living,  then  to  children  of  said  brother 
in  law  George  Rookes,  Merchant.  To  sister  Elizabeth  Rookes 
;^30.  and  to  her  seven  children  ^70,  viz.  George  Rookes  the 
younger  ^20  and  residue  of  ^^50  to  others,  at  21  to  sons,  and  to 
daughters  at  21  or  marriage.  To  sister  Martha  Hjnnabe,  some- 
time wief  of  John  .Sargenson,  vintner,  deceased  /30,  and,  to  her 
sonn  William  Sargenson  ^^20  at  21,  or  if  he  die,  tu  children  oi 
John  Boultell.  To  si.ster  Katherine  Clarke  £t,o,  and  to  her  son 
Robert  at  21  and  daughter  Katherine  at  21  or  marriage  ^10 
each  etc.     To  Anne  Barnabe,  daughter  of  uncle  John  Barnabe, 


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304  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

novve  wief  of Edwards,  Merchant,  ;^50,  and  if  dead,  to  her 

children.     To   sometyme  servant  Elizabeth   Rivers  als  Marsh 
j{^20.     Residue  of  ;^6oo,  viz:  jC^3o  to  Masters  and  Wardens  of 
Company  of  Drapers  of  London  (whereof  I  am  a  brother)  to 
pay  ;{^io,  yearly,  viz:  ;^5  for  some  godly  and  vertuous  Preacher  to 
preach  five  sermons  yearly  in  church  of  St.  Katherine  Colman 
neere  billeter  lane,  London,  whereof  one  sermon  on  New  Yeares 
day  at  20s  per  sermon  and   I2d  weekely  upon  Sabbath  day  in 
bread  to  poore  of  parish  of  St.  Katherine  Colman  and  20s  a 
year  on  New  Yeares  daye  and  to  Sexton  at  same  time  3s.  for 
ever;  and  to  poore  of  St.  Martin  in  Vintry  in  London  los  upon 
New  Yeares  day  forever;  and  to  poore  of  Lambeth  ditto,  for  the 
love  I  beare  said  parishes  and  places  for  that  my  late  deare  wife 
and  her  mother  and  my  Chrisome  Child  lye  interred  in  same 
parish  church  of  St.  Katherine  Colman,  and  for  that  two  of  my 
children  lye  interred  in  parish  church  of  St.  Martin  in  the  Vin- 
try, and  three  of  my  children  lye  interred  in  parish  church  of 
Lambeth.     As  to  ;^ioo  left  to  my  children  by  their  aunt  Jane 
Cuthbert  due  to  me  in  case  they  dye,  ^^50  in  hands  of  said 
James  Fortrie  and  /50  in  hands  of  said  John  Boulteel,  I  give  to 
sister  Mrs.  Mary  Boulteel  /^^o,  to  god  daughter  Elizabeth  Boul- 
teel ;^5o  at  21  or  marriage,  and  John  Boulteel  the  younger,  god 
son  of  my  late  dear  wife  Ann  Barnabe,  ^20  at  21,  and  if  they  die, 
to  the  other  children  of  John  Boulteel.      To  cousin  Mary,  wife  of 
John  Chaundler,  ;^io.     To  good  wife  Vale  of  Hadley  neere  Bar- 
nett,  sometymes  nurse  of  my  daughter  Mary,  ;^6-i3s-4d  if  lyving. 
To  Nurse  Abbott,  widdowe,  dwelling  in  the  parish  of  Creechurch 
neere  Algate,  ;{^3-6s-8d.     Rest  to  twoe  brethren  John  Barnabe 
and  James  Barnabe,  yf  lyving,  and  yf  dead,  to  their  children  yf 
lyving;    yf  dead,  then  to  children  of  my  said   brother  George 
Rookes.      If   daughters  Elizabeth  and  Mary  die,  said  Samuel 
Fortrie,  John  Boulteel  senior,  and  George  Rookes  to  be  execu- 
tors.    Witnesses:  James  Merrifield,  William  Taylor,  Robert  Min- 
chard  Not.  Pub.      "Appendix  to  will  made  in  England  by  me 
Richard  Barnaby,  Merchant.     In  good  shipp  Hart  now  bound 
for  England,  viz:  To  friend  Captain  Richard  Swanley  one  Japan 
Cutter  and  one  paire  of  Buffe  gloves.     To  friend  Thomas  Rob- 
inssonne  merchant  one  Capp  wrought  with  silke  and  gold  and 
one  cappof  lynnen  with  needle  worke  purles.    To  nephe  George 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN   ENGLAND.  305 

Rookes  imbroidered  girdle  with  silver  buckles.  To  apprentice 
Willm  Curtis  his  freedome  and  liberty,  also  i  cloth  sute,  i  peece 
of  white  damaske,  3  little  batting  bands,  i  paire  of  shoes  and  i 
paire  of  slippers.  To  Samuell  Lathorppe  now  Chirurgeon  of 
the  shipp  Hart  i  woollen  cloth  cote  and  i  silver  spoone.  To 
William  Pearce  chirurgeon's  mate  i  cloth  sute,  i  pewter. seringe 
with  a  silver  pipe.  To  Richard  Foster,  Barber,  i  pare  of  Bayes 
Breeches,  i  pare  of  cloth  stockings,  i  pare  of  shoes,  and  i  pare 
of  slippers.  To  Henry  Hayman  one  red  woollen  capp.  To 
George  Swanley  one  cloth  capp  with  gold  lace.  To  John  Swan- 
ley  The  Practis  of  Piety.  *  Rest  for  daughters  Elizabeth  Barnabe 
and  Mary  Barnabe  in  trust  to  Samuell  Fortrie  and  John  Boulteel. 
Overseers:  Captain  Richard  Swanley  and  Mr.  Thomas  Robin- 
sonne.  24  April  1635.  Witness:  James  Mathew,  purser's  mate. 
Administration  to  sister  Elizabeth  Rookes  als  Barnabe  during 
minority  of  Elizabeth  Barnabe  and  Mary  Barnabe. 

Pile,  84. 

[The  census  of  Virginia,  1624-5,  gives  the  *'  Muster  *'  of  John  Barnabe, 
at  Elizabeth  City.  It  includes  himself,  aged  21,  who  came  in  the  Lon^ 
don  Marchant'm  1620  (Notten*s  Emigrants,  p.  247.) — Ed.] 

George  Ruggles  of  the  University  of  Cambridge,  Master 
of  Artes.  Will  6  September  1621;  proved  3  November  1622. 
To  the  the  poor  of  the  towneof  Lavenham,  County  of  Suffolke, 
where  I  was  borne,  20  markes.  To  the  poor  of  Parish  where  I 
shall  be  buried  ^^5.  To  him  that  .shall  preache  at  my  buriall  £^. 
To  the  two  prisons  in  Cambridge  ^^5  between  them.  To  the 
Chappie  of  Clarehall  20  marks  to  buy  a  silver  bason  to  be  used 
at  the  Communion  for  the  collection  of  the  Poore.  '*  Item.  I 
further  give  and  bequeath  unto  Clarehall  in  Cambridge  aforesaid 
one  hundred  pounds  to  be  Payed  within  one  yeare  nexte  after 
my  decease  to  the  intent  that  it  may  alwaies  remayne  in  parte  of 
their  stocke  to  be  imployed  for  the  better  makinge  of  provision 
at  the  best  handes  for  the  benefitt  of  the  said  Colledge  and  the 
students  in  it  And  that  at  their  Audits  or  accompte  once  a  yeare 
I  will  that  the  one  hundred  poundes  be  alwaies  brought  in  and 
tituled  by  the  name  of  George  Ruggles  one  hundred  Poundes." 
To  Clarehall  Library  all  my  books  whatsoever  the  Master  and  fel- 
lowes  shall  think  fittinge.     The  rest  of  my  books  to  the  children 


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306  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  Mr.  Toddy  Pallyvicine.  All  my  papers  and  paper  books  to 
be  burned.  To  my  sisters  Mary  Dardes  and  Sara  Liminall, 
both  living  in  the  City  of  Westchester,  ;^ioo  each.  To  all  my 
sister's  children  ^^lo  each.  I  give  and  bequeath  ;^ioo  towards 
bringing  up  the  Infideirs  Children  in  Virginia  in  Christian  Re- 
ligion, to  be  disposed  of  by  the  Virginia  Company.  To  Mrs. 
Jane  Pallavycine,  wife  of  said  Toby,  plate  to  value  of  ;^io.  To 
my  loving  Aunt  Mrs.  Alice  Vigoris  of  Ipswich,  to  Mr.  Henry 
Coppinger  the  elder  of  Lavenham,  to  Mr.  William  Greenhalt 
sometyme  my  schoolmaster,  40s.  each  for  ringes,  To  my  friends 
of  Clarehall,  Augistine  Linsell.  D.  D.,  Th-^mas  Winston,  Doctor 
of  Physicke,  Thomas  Parke,  D.  D.,  Mr.  William  Lake,  Mr. 
Thomas  Pa»-kinson,  Mr.  Nicholas  Ferrer,  Mr.  Samuell  Linsell, 
and  Mr.  Jam.es  Harley,  40s.  each  for  ringes.  To  my  friends  Mr. 
Edward  Mannesty,  Mr.  John  Sherman  the  elder  of  Cambridge, 
and  Clement  his  wife,  and  their  son  Mr.  John  Sherman  the 
younger,  and  to  Mr.  Thomas  Sherman  thelder,  40s.  apiece  for 
rings.  To  Mr.  John  Crane  and  Mr.  Thomas  Wake,  both  of 
Cambridge,  to  Mr.  William  Parker  of  Sproughton  neare  Ispwich, 
and  to  Mr.  Thomas  Lake  of  London  40s.  each  to  make  them 
ringes.  To  Mr.  William  Bryarte  of  London  Merchant  40s.  To 
my  friend  Myles  Goulsborrow  and  his  heires  20  nobles.  To 
John  Briggs.  some  timesmy  poor  scholar.  ^3.  To  Sir  Edmond 
Varney.  Knighte,  dwelling  in  Buckinghamshire,  an  especiall 
friend  of  Mr.  Toby  Pallavicine,  Plate  to  the  value  of  ^5.  All 
the  rest  to  Mr.  Toby  Pallavicine  and  his  heirs.  Executor:  Sir 
Edmond  Varney.  Witnesses:  Tho.  Abbott,  Scr.  East  Smith - 
field,  Co.  Middx,  John  Johnson,  Tho.  Boden,  servant  to  said 
Scr. 

Savile,  loi. 

[  George  Ruggle  or  Ruggles,  son  of  Thomas  Ruirgle,  of  Suffolk,  was 
born  November  13,  1575,  and  entert-d  St  John's  College,  Cambridgo,  in 
his  fourteenth  year.  He  received  his  A.  M  from  Trinity  in  1597,  and  in 
1598  became  a  Fellow  of  Clare  Hall.  In,  1614,  during  a  visit  of  King 
James  to  the  University,  a  Latin  comedy  by  Rnggle  was  performed  l-y 
the  students,  and  received  great  applause  from  the  Kirg.  In  1619  he 
retired  from  the  University,  and  Secretary  Ferrar,  of  the  Virginia  Com- 
pany, states  that  from  that  time  until  his  death  his  labors  were  almost 
entirely  given  to  the  Company  and  to  the  cause  of  English  colonization. 


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VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS   IN    ENGLAND.  307 

He  was  thout^ht  to  be  the  author  of  a  treatise  on  planting  which  the 
Company  sent  to  Virg;inia  for  the  Councillors  to  read.  He  died  in  1622, 
and  in  his  will  bequeathed  £100  for  the  education  of  Indian  children  in 
Virginia.  A  Life  of  George  Ruggle^  by  J.  S.  Hawkins,  was  published 
in  London  in  1787. — Ed.] 

George  Hawker  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Martains  Ludgate, 
London,  Combemaker.  Will  20  November  1657;  proved  15 
January  1657-8.  To  my  mother  Ann  Hawker  5s.  To  my  sister 
Ann  Knight  5s.  To  my  brother  Edward  Hawker  living  in 
Virginia  is.  All  these  legacies  to  be  paid  within  one  month 
of  my  decease  by  my  executrix,  my  loving  wife  Martha,  to  whom 
I  bequeath  all  the  remainder  of  my  estate,  my  debts  and  funeral 
expenses  being  paid.  Witnesses  :  William  Trigge  &  Fran  : 
Bartlett  Scr.  att  Holborne  Conduitte,  Grace  Davenish. 

VVootton,  3. 

Cornelius  Wattes,  of  St.  Cuthbertes  in  the  City  of  Wells, 
in  the  County,  of  Somersett,  Vintener.  Will  3  January  1 640-1, 
proved  2  October  1640.  To  be  buried  in  the  Churchyard  of  St. 
Cuthberts.  To  John  Davis  of  Shipton  Mallet  and  his  wife  one 
Arrisoe  Coverlett  and  a  blew  Rugg  and  twoe  siluer  wine  boles 
and  40s.  a  piece  to  buy  each  of  them  a  ring.  To  Margarett 
Davies,  daughter  of  said  John  Davies,  40s.  To  William  Watts, 
which  is  now  in  Virginia,  my  house  next  below  the  Ashe-in-the- 
well  and  ;^io.  If  he  dothe  not  returne  again,  my  son  Edward 
Watts  to  have  the  house  but  not  the  money.  To  the  Church  of 
St.  Cuthberts  los.  To  the  people  of  Thalmeshouse  of  Bp. 
Bubwith's  and  Bp.  Stil  their  foundations  los.  All  the  rest  to  my 
wife  Ann  Watts  and  Edward  Watts  my  son  and  Anne  Watts  my 
daughter  whom  I  make  executors.  Witnesses:  Richard  Deane, 
Clarke,  Willm  Sherman,  John  Oldford. 

Coventry,  129. 

[  VVilliani  Watts  and  Richard  Davis"  patented,  Iuly3o,  1638,  seventy- 
five  acres  on  Queens  Creek,  adjoininjj:  the  lands  of  Robert  Booth  and 
Lieutenant  Popeley  ;  due  as  follows  :  Fifty  acres  for  the  adventure  of 
said  Walts  and  wife,  the  second  year,  to  Charles  River,  and  twenty-five 
acres  for  the  adventure,  the  second  year,  of  the  said  Davis  to  Charles 
River. 

The  •*  adventure"  refers  to  the  bounty  in  land  offered  those  who 


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308  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

would  settle  on  Charles  (now  York)  river,  then  a  frontier  of  the  Colony. 
See  grant  to  John  Chew,  July  6,  1636,  reciting  an  order  of  Council  of 
October  8,  1630  (th if,  Magazine  V,  341-342).  Queens  Creek  flows  into 
York  River  not  far  from  Williamsburg.  — Ed.] 

Richard  Phillips  of  the  City  of  Bristol,  Marriner.  being 
bound  to  Sea.  Will  3  January  1703-4  proved  20  December  1704. 
One  half  of  my  goods  and  personal  estate  to  the  children  of  my 
uncle  John  Phillips  in  Virginia  equally  between  them,  and  the 
other  half  to  Hannah  Cockayne,  Spinster,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Cockayne  of  the  said  City,  victualler.  Executor  :  Jeoffry  Peniell 
of  said  City,  Linnendrapen,  Witnesses  ;  Margaret  Lewis,  J. 
Freke. 

Ash,  239. 

[  There  was  a  John  Phillips,  of  Lancaster  county,  who  may  have  been 
the  uncle  referred  to.  On  January  f,  1652,  he  was  made  Clerk  of  the 
county,  and  at  the  same  time,  commissioned  Sheriff,  "because  the 
county  was  then  in  its  infancy,  and  could  not  afford  a  subsistence." 
The  County  Court  was  held  in  his  house  in  August,  165:3.  No  doubt, 
the  records  of  Lancaster  county  could  give  more  details  in  regard  to 
him,  and  as  to  his  children,  if  he  left  any.  The  records  of  this  old  county 
are  quite  complete,  and  the  files  of  vellum  bound  books  is  unbroken  ; 
but  the  county  authorities  deserve  severe  condemnation  for  leaving  these 
most  valuable  records  in  a  room  with  a  brick  floor  and  without  fire, 
where  it  is  so  damp  that  they  have  very  perceptibly  faded  within  the  past 
few  years. 

John  Phillips,  referred  to,  had  the  following  grants  : 

( I )  John  Phillips,  240  acres  on  the  north  of  Rappahannock,  adjoining 
the  land  of  George  Eaton,  March  2,  1652  ;  (2)  John  Phillips,  100  acres 
in  the  county  of  Lancaster  on  Powells  Creek,  March  3,  1652  ;  (3)  Mrs. 
John  Phillips,  400  acres  in  the  county  of  Lancaster  on  the  north  of  Rap- 
pahannock at  the  head  of  a  dividend,  form-rlv  surveyed  for  Captain  Dan- 
iel Gookins,  by  **  the  side  of  a  mountain"  [this  probably  means  a 
hill],  and  on  the  west  bank  of  Cassatawomen  river,  July  13,  1653  ;  (4) 
John  Phillips,  250  acres  in  Lancaster  north  of  Rappahannock,  fuly  13, 
1653  ;  (5)  John  Phillips,  100  acres  in  Lancaster  north  of  Rappahannock, 
adjoining  his  own  land  and  that  of  Kvan  Griftith,  July  13,  1653  •  i^)  John 
Phillips,  200  acres  in  Lancaster  on  south  of  Rappahannock,  and  on 
**  Barham  or  Burnham  Creek  or  Sunderland,"  lying  at  the  head  of  a 
dividend  of  200  acres  in  the  possession  of  Edward  Boswell,  and  adjoin- 
ing the  land  of  Evan  Davy  and  Den.  Conier,  September  3,  1653  *.  (7) 
John  Phillips,  200  acres  in  Lancaster,  south  of  Rappahannock  at  the 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN    ENGLAND.  309 

head  of  300  acres  surveyed  for  Mr.  David  Fox,  and  adjoining  the  land  of 
Thomas  Browne,  Oliver  Carvrr  and  Mr.  Richard  Parrett,  September  2, 
1652  ;  (8)  John  Phillips  and  John  Batt*?,  500  acres  on  the  north  side  of 
the  freshes  of  Rappahannock  in  Lancaster  county,  about  14  miles  above 
the  "  NanzemunTowne,"  adjoining  100  acres  surveyed  for  John  Weyre, 
September  7,  1654  ;  (9)  John  Phillips,  300  acres  on  a  branch  of  Occu- 
pason  Cretrk  and  on  a  creek  called  VVassanasson,  said  land  formerly 
granted  by  patent  to  Richard  Colem.\n,  January  11,  1652,  and  by  him  re- 
linquished and  now  granted  to  Phillips,  June  14,  1655;  (10)  Thomas 
Meads  and  John  Phillips,  rooo  acres  on  the  south  side  of  the  freshes  of 
Rappahannock,  opposite  a  tract  of  1400  acres  surveyed  for  Richard 
Coleman,  September  7,  1654;  (11)  John  Weyre,  John  Gillet.  Andrew 
Gilson  and  John  Phillips,  4000  acres  on  the  south  side  of  the  freshes  of 
Rappahannock,  about  twelve  miles  above  Nanzemun  town,  and  on 
\Ve>re*s  creek,  September  7,  1654;  (12)  Sarah  Pnillipsand  Lr.  Col.  Moore 
Fauntleroy,  250  acres  in  Lancaster  on  the  north  of  Rappahannock,  due 
them  by  virtue  of  letters  of  administration  on  the  estate  of  Mr.  John 
Phillips,  deceased  and  formerly  granted  to  him  July  13,  1653,  now  re- 
granted  January  5,  1656.— Ed.] 

Edward  Chandler  of  Ware,  County  Hertford,  Draper. 
Wills  May  1650  ;  proved  24  April  1657.  To  my  wife  Elizabeth 
Chandler  my  houses  in  Ware,  one  wherein  I  now  life,  the  one 
purchased  of  Will  Beecke  of  London,  Linnen  Draper,  the  other 
of  John  Geates,  Bricklayer,  of  Hunsden,  for  life,  and  after  her 
decease  to  my  son  Edward  Chandler,  failing  him,  to  my  son 
John,  failing  him  to  my  son  Noah.  To  my  said  wife  houses  in 
Hartford  and  Buchery  Green,  lately  purchased  of  Will  Beeke 
and  John  Brett,  Linen  Draper,  of  London,  and  after  her  deathe 
to  my  son  Edward.  To  my  son  John  Chandler  house  in  Drad 
Lane  in  tenure  of  Edward  Gillett,  bought  of  William  Burchett 
and  Thomasine  his  wife,  and  ;/^20.  To  my  son  Noah  the  Barne 
and  garden  in  Drad  lane,  which  I  bought  of  Mr.  Will  Love, 
and  two  closes  in  Annoell  March,  bought  of  Elizabeth  Challis, 
widow,  sometime  the  wife  of  Nicholas  Slater.  To  my  daughter 
Susan  Chandler  j^8o.  To  my  daughter  Mary  Holly  40s.  To  my 
son  Danial  Chandler  ;^io  to  be  paid  him  or  sent  over  in  com- 
modities to  Virginia  and  to  my  daughter  Sara  Chandler,  now  in 
Virginia,  ;{^5.  To  my  youngest  daughter  Rebecca  ;/^30.  To  my 
daughter  Martha  j^20.  Household  stuff  to  my  wife  for  life,  and 
after  her  decease   to   my   children,    Susan,    Martha,    Rebecca, 


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310  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Edward,  Job,  and  Noah.  To  my  son  Edward  all  debts  owing 
me,  the  wares  in  my  shops  at  Hartford  and  Ware,  my  maults  in 
the  Mault  Lought  and  barley  Lought,  and  all  my  money  in  the 
house  except  £60  which  my  wife  is  to  have,  and  he  to  pay  her 
;^2o  of  the  payment  of  ;^8o  to  my  daughter  Susan.  Executors  : 
Elizabeth  my  wife  and  Edwarde  my  sonne.  Witnesses  :  William 
Love,  Mary  Randall. 

Grey,  63. 

John  Seward  of  Bristoll,  Merchant  (  being  bound  to  sea  ). 
Will  16  September  1650;  proved  23  May  1651.  To  my  youngest 
daughter  Rebecca  Seward  ;^300.  To  my  second  daughter  Mary 
Seward  ;^250.  To  my  eldest  daughter  Sarah  Seward  ^250, 
and  to  my  wife's  daughter  ( by  her  former  husband)  Brigitt 
Eyton  ;^50.  all  when  21  or  married.  To  my  eldest  son  John 
Seward  ;/^2oo  when  21.  To  my  son  James  Seward  ;{^25o  when 
21.  If  any  die,  their  shares  to  go  to  survivors.  My  farm  in 
Butcombe,  county  Somerset,  to  my  wife  during  widowhood,  and 
after  her  decease  to  my  son  John,  he  to  pay  ;^20  yearly  to  my 
son  James.  The  house  I  now  dwell  in  situate  in  parish  of  St. 
Leonard,  Bristol,  bought  of  Mr.  John  Griffith  of  Winterbourne, 
clerke,  to  my  wife,  and  after  her  decease  to  my  son  James. 
Lands  at  Bevington  and  Baddington,  County  Somerset,  held  by 
lease  from  Mr.  Bamfield,  to  my  said  daughter  Sara.  My  plan- 
tation called  Levenecke  (1350  acres),  Isle  of  Wight  County,  Vir- 
ginia, to  my  son  John.  My  Plantation  called  Blackwater  in  said 
County  (1600  acres)  to  my  son  James.  All  horses,  servants,  mer- 
chandize in  Virginia  to  my  said  two  sons.  To  the  poor  of  St. 
Thomas  in  Bristol  50s.  To  the  poor  of  Redcliffe  50s.  All  the  rest 
to  my  executrix,  my  wife.  Overseers  :  William  Carey  of  London, 
mch't.,  Francis  Yeoman  of  Bristow,  gent  Walter  Stephens  the 
younger  of  Bristoll,  Mercer.  Witnesses  :  Francis  Yeoman,  Not. 
Public,  Matthew  Wolfe,  Den.  Long,  John  Hellier. 

Grey,  98. 

[See  this  Magazine  X,  406.! 

Edward  PoRTEOUS.  Will  23  February  16934:  proved  24 
October  1700.  To  the  poor  of  Petsoe  Parish  where  I  now  live 
£S.     To  Mary  Cox  and  her  children  all  the  debt  her  deceased 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IX    ENGLAND.  311 

husband  owed  me  and  ;^4  more.  To  George  Major,  Senior,  £s- 
To  James  Murr  two  cowes,  to  his  sister  Rachell  two  cowes  and  £^. 
To  the  poor  of  Newbottle  parish  in  Scotland  where  my  fathers 
estate  is  /^S  to  be  remitted  to  my  friend  Mr.  James  Fowlis  in 
London,  and  by  him  to  be  sent  to  my  sisters  for  distribution. 
To  William  Allen  one  cow.  To  John  Gardner  and  his  wife  one 
cow,  and  to  Nathaniel  Mills  a  cow  and  a  calfe.  To  Mr.  Thomas 
Buckner  and  his  wife  ;^io.  To  Mr.  David  Alexander  and  his 
wife  ;^io.  To  my  sister  Mary,  wife  of  Mr.  Thomas  Lowny,  ;^2o. 
To  my  sister  Isabell  £2^.  To  my  sister  Elizabeth  ;^20.  To 
my  sister  Christian  ^{^25.  To  my  wife  my  horse  Jack,  silver 
Tankard,  and  Caudle  Cupp,  and  household  stuff,  and  the  time 
that  my  Eng^lish  Servant  Betty  hath  to  serve,  and  my  negfro  girl 
Cumbo.  My  estate  not  to  be  valued,  but  my  wife  to  have  one 
third,  the  rest  to  my  son  Robert.  My  property  and  estate  in 
Virginia  to  my  son  Robert  and  his  heirs,  /^iC^  out  of  ;^20  that 
was  my  Brother  John's  to  be  sent  to  Mr.  James  Fowlis  for  the 
use  of  my  said  sisters;  if  he  is  dead,  to  Jeffery  Jefferies,  to  whom 
I  give  20s.  My  fathers  estate  in  Newbottle,  Scotland,  incum- 
bered with  debt  and  in  the  arangement  of  my  brother  in  law 
Thomas  Lowny,  said  estate  to  be  redeemed  for  my  son  Robert. 
The  produce  of  my  plantations  to  be  sent  to  England  every 
year.  Executor:  Captain  John  Smith,  to  whom  ^^9  and  20s.  to 
his  Lady.     Witnesses:  Sarah  Buckner,  Richard  Bradshaw. 

Noel,  107. 

[  Edward  Porteus  was  living:  in  Gloucester  Co  inty,  Virginia,  in  16S1, 
where  he  was  a  vestryman  of  Petsworth  (comm')nly  called  Petsoe)  parish. 
In  1693  the  Governor  included  him  in  a  list  of  "  gentlemen  of  estate  and 
standing  suitable  for  appointment  to  the  Council,"  wliich  he  sent  to 
England.  Edward  Porteus  was,  however,  not  one  of  those  appointed. 
He  married  the  *'  Relirt  of  Robert  Lee,"  who  left  ^7  to  the  poor  of  the 
parish.  "Violet  Banks,  on  York  River  and  Poropotank  Creek,  is  the 
modern  name  of  the  house  of  Hdward  Porteus,  the  emigrant.  It  is  an 
old  square  brick  building,  two  stories  and  a  half,  with  four  rooms  to  the 
floor.  Though  abandoned,  it  still  reJains  the  fine  panelling  and  interior 
carving  of  the  long  past."  {U'i//iam  and  Man'  Quarterly,  III,  58-59.^ 
His  tomb,  on  which  the  inscription  is  not  entirely  legible,  remains  at 
this  place.     It  is  : 


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312  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

'*  Here  lies  the  Body  of  Edward  Porteus 
ofPetsworih  Parish,  Gloucester  County, 
Merchant,  Departed  this  life  the    *    *    * 
169*  in  the  ♦*^*  Year  of  his  Age, 
leaving  only  Sir  Robert  to 
Succeed  him." 

(William  and  Mary  Quarterly^  III,  28.) 

The  son  Robert  Porteus,  born  1679, died  Augusts,  1758,  lived  at  "New 
Bottle,"  now  called  **  Concord,"  in  Gloucester.  Hodgson,  in  his  life  of 
Bishop  Porteus,  says  that  the  Bishbp  had  **a  singular  picture  which, 
though  not  in  the  best  style  of  coloring,  was  yet  thought  valuable  by 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  as  a  specimen  of  the  extent  to  which  the  art  of 
paintings  had  at  that  time  reached  in  America,  and  he  himself  very 
highly  praised  it  as  exhibiting  a  faithful  and  interesting  representation  of 
his  father's  residence." 

Robert  Porteus  was  appointed  to  the  Council  in  1713,  and  remained  a 
member  of  that  body  until  he  removtd  to  England  sometime  between 
1725  and  1730.  He  settled  in  the  city  of  York,  and  afterwards  at  Ripon. 
To  the  latter  place  he  was  probably  led  by  the  fact  that  his  wife  was 
Elizabeth  (died  Januar>'  20,  1754,  aged  80,  buried  at  St.  Martins,  Coney 
street,  York),  daughter  of  Edmund  Jenings  of  "  Ripon  Hall,"  Virginia, 
and  formerly  of  kipon,  Yorkshire. 

In  Ripon  Cathedral,  on  the  wall  of  the  south  aisle  of  the  choir,  is  a 
mural  tablet  with  the  following  inscription  : 

"Near  this  Place 

Are  detx)sited  the  Remains 

Of  Robert  Porteus,  Esquire, 

A  Native  of  Virginia,  and  a  Member  of  His  Majesty's  Council, 

Or  Upper  House  of  Legislature  in  that  Province, 

From  thence  he  removed  to  England, 

And  resided  first  at  York,  afterwards  at  this  Town, 

Where  he  died  August  8,  1758, 

Aged  79  years." 

Robert  Porteus  was  the  father  of  Beilby  Porteus,  born  at  York  May  8, 
1 73 1,  died  May  14,  1808,  successively  Bishop  of  Chester  and  London. 

Ed.] 

(to  be  continued) 


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CARRIAGE  OWNERS,  GLOUCESTER   COUNTY.  313 


CARRIAGE  OWNERS,  GLOUCESTER 
COUNTY,  1784. 


Communicated  by  Edward  Wilson  James. 
[From  **  List  of  taxable  property  within  the  District  of  Mor- 
gan Tomkies,  Commissioner  in  the  county  of  Gloucester,  the 
year  1794.'*  **Copy  C.  Pryor,  D.  C.  C.**  The  chair  had  two 
wheels,  the  post  chaise,  phaeton  and  stage  wagon  four  wheels 
each.] 

Ambrose  Anderson,  i  Chair. 

Matt  Anderson,  Post  Chaise  and  i  Chair. 

John  Avery,  Est.,  i  Chair. 

Susan  Bentley,  i  Chair. 

James  Baytop,  i  Post  Chaise. 

Will  Brooking,  i  Chair. 

Lewis  Bur  well.  Post  Chaise. 

John  Boswell,  Chair. 

Thomas  Boswell,  Chair. 

Thomas  Booth,  Post  Chaise.    ' 

William  Booth,  Chair. 

William  Camp  Jr.,  Chair. 

John  Catlett,  Stage  Waggon. 

Thomas  Cooke,  Stage  Wagon. 

Joseph  Cluverius,  Stage  Wagon. 

Samuel  Cary,  Chair,  Stage  Wagon. 

James  Collier,  Chair,  Stage  Wagon. 

William  Duvall,  Chair. 

Ann  Debnam,  Chair. 

John  Eanse,  Chair. 

John  Ellis,  Post  Chaise. 

James  Fontaine,  Post  Chaise. 

Stephen  Fields,  Chair. 

John  Fox,  Phaeton. 

Ann  Fost.  Post  Chaise. 

Christopher  Garland,  Chair. 

Hannah  Hobday,  Chair. 

Wm.  Hall,  Post  Chaise. 


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314  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Francis  Hall,  Chair. 
John  Hughes,  Chair. 
Jasper  Hughes,  Chair. 
Nicholas  Hewlett,  Chair. 
John  Jones,  Chair. 
Matthew  Kemp,  Chair. 
John  Kemp,  Chair. 
Benj'n  Keiningham,  Chair. 
James  Lewis,  Est.,  Post  Chaise. 
Addesson  Lewis,  i  Phaeton — i  Chair. 
Warner  Lewis,  i  Coachee — i  Chair. 
Richard  Leigh,  Chair. 
Wm.    Marshall,  Post  Chaise. 
James  Mitchell,  Chair. 
Jno.  Nicholson,  Chair. 
John  Page,  i  Coach — i  Chair. 
Mann  Page,  Phaeton. 
Christo'r  Pryor,  Phaeton. 
Will  Robins,  Stage  Wagon. 
Will  Robins,  Jr.,  Chair. 
Ann  Ranson,  Chair. 
John  Sea  well,  i  Post  Chaise — i  Chair. 
Will  Thornton,  Chair. 
Morgan  Tc»mkies,  Stage  Wagon. 
Robert  Thruston,  Chair. 
Charles  Tomkies,  Chair. 
Philip  Tabb,  Coachchee — Chair. 
.  War.  Throckmorton,  Est.,  Post  Chaise. 
James  Wiatt,  Jr.,  Chair. 
Wm.  E.  Wiatt,  Phaeton. 
James  Wiatt,  Chair. 
Thomas  Wright,  Chair. 
Nat  Wallington,  Chair. 
Francis  Whiting,  Chair. 
Thomas  J.  Whiting,  i  Post  Chaise — i  Chair. 
Thomas  Whiting,  Stage  Wagon. 
Francis  Willis,  Coach — Chair. 
Peter  B.  Whiting,  Post  Chaise— Chair. 


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HUNGARS  CHURCH.  315 


HUNGARS  CHURCH,  NORTHAMPTON 
COUNTY,  VA. 

Surrounded  and  concealed  by  a  body  of  pine  woods  in  the 
midst  of  an  ancient  grove  of  sycamores  some  seven  miles  north 
of  Eastville  is  old  Hungars  Episcopal  Church.  It  is  beautifully 
located  on  the  north  side  of  Hungars  creek  at  the  head  of  navi- 
gation for  small  craft,  and  near  by  is  the  old  village  of  Bridge- 
town at  which  in  the  early  years  of  the  settlement  the  courts 
were  held4 

Hungars  Church  is  one  of  the  oldest  church  edifices  in  the 
State,  and  has  been  in  use  for  over  two  hundred  years,  for  the 
tradition  is  that  it  was  built  about  1690  to '95,  and  there  are 
evidences  that  this  is  the  actual  fact,  though  the  exact  record  is 
unfortunately  lost.' 

Hungars  parish  was  made  soon  after  the  county  was  estab- 
lished and  the  first  minister  was  Rev.  Wm.  Cotton,  and  the  first 
vestry  was  appointed  in  1635.  The  following  is  the  order  made 
at  that  time  : 

'*At  a  court  holden  in  Accawmacke  the  14th  day  of  Sept. 
1635  j'*  (Northampton  being  then  called  Accomack.) 

'*  At  this  court  Mr.  VVm.  Cotton,  minister,  presented  an  order 
of  the  court  from  James  Citty,  for  the  building  of  a  Parsonage 
house  upon  the  Glebe  land  which  is  by  this  board  referred  to  be 
ordered  by  the  vestry  and  because  there  have  heretofore  been 
no  formal  vestry  nor  vestrymen  appointed,  we  have  from  this, 
present  day  appointed  to  be  vestrynien  these  whose  names  are 
underwritten  : 

Wm.  Cotton  minister,  Capt.  Thomas  Graves,  Mr.  Obedience 
Robins,  Mr.  John  Howe,  Mr.  Wm.  Stone,  Mr.  Burdett,  Mr. 
Wm.  Andrews,  Mr.  John  Wilkins,  Mr.  Alex.  Mountjoy,  Mr. 
Edw.  Drew,  Mr.  Wm.  Beniman,  Mr.  Stephen  Charlton. 

And  further  we  do  order  that  the  first  meeting  of  the  syd. 
vestrymen  shall  be  upon  the  feast  day  of  St.  Michael  the  Arch- 
Angel,  being  the  29th  day  of  September." 


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316  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

In  accordance  with  that  order  of  the  court  the  vestry  meeting 
was  held  and  record  entered  of  the  same  as  follows: 

**A  vestry  heald,  29th  day  of  Sept.  1635. 
Present 

Capt.  Thomas  Graves,  Mr.  John  Howe,  Mr.  Edward  Drew- 
Mr.  Obedience  Robins,  Mr.  Alex.  Mountjoy,  Mr.  Wm.  Burdett, 
Mr.  Wm.  Andrews,  Mr.  Wm.  Stone.  Mr.  Wm.  Beniman.*' 

At  this  meeting  an  order  was  made  providing  for  building  the 
parsonage  house. 

At  one  time  there  were  two  parishes,  the  upper  or  Hungars, 
and  the  lower.  In  1691  the  parishes  were  united  as  will  be  noted 
in  the  order  following,  entered  in  the  old  records  in  the  clerk's 
office  : 

*'Atta  council  held  att  James  City,  Apr.  the  21st.  1691. 

Present 

The  Rt.  Hono'ble  Francis  Nicholson  Esq.  Lt.  Gov.  &.  coun- 
cil. 

*' Major  John  Robins  and  Mr.  Thomas  Harmonson,  Burgesses 
of  the  County  of  Northampton,  on  behalf  of  the  County,  by 
their  petition  setting  forth  that  the  said  county  is  one  of  the 
smallest  in  the  colony,  doth  consist  of  a  small  number  of  titha- 
bles,  and  is  divided  in  two  parishes,  by  reason  whereof  the  Inhab- 
itatns  of  both  parishes  are  soe  burdened  that  they  are  not  able 
decently  to  maintain  a  minister  in  each  parish  and  therefore 
prayed  the  said  parishes  might  be  joyned  in  one  and  goe  by  the 
name  of  Hungars  parish,  not  being  desirous  to  infringe  any  gift 
given  to  Hungars  parish,  and  more  especially  one  by  the  last 
will  of  Stephen  Charlton,  which  parishes  soe  joined  will  not  only 
be  satisfactory  to  the  inhabitants  but  make  them  capable  to  build 
a  decent  church  and  maintain  an  able  divine;  On  consideration 
whereof  Itt  is  the  opinion  of  this  board  and  accordingly  ordered 
that  the  whole  County  of  Northampton  be  from  hence- forth  one 
parish  and  goe  by  the  name  of  Hungars  Parish,  and  that  the 
same  shall  be  noe  prejudice  to  the  gift  of  the  aforesaid  Charlton 
to  the  said  parish  of  Hungars  and  it  is  further  ordered  that  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  sd.  parish  shall  meet  at  such  time  and  place 


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HUNGARS   CHURCH.  317 

as  the  court  of  the  said  county  shall  appoint  and  make  choice 
of  a  vestry  according  to  law.  Cop.  vera,  test,  W.  Edwards, 
cl.  cou.** 

Then,  in  acordance  with  the  appointment  of  the  court,  at  a 
meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  county  of  Northampton, 
at  the  court  house  thereof  the  22nd  day  of  June,  1691,  the  fol- 
lowing vestrymen  were  elected  : 

Major  John  Robins,  Capt.  Custis.  Capt.  Foxcroft,  John  Shep- 
heard,  Benj.  Stratton,  Priece  Davis,  Benjamin  Nottingham,  John 
Powell,  Jacob  Johnson,  Thomas  Eyre.  John  Stoakley,  Michael 
Dickson.  It  was  evidently  soon  after  this  step  was  taken  that 
the  Hungars  church  building  was  erected. 

The  church  in  lower  Northampton  was  perhaps  older  than 
Hungars.  It  was  situated  in  what  is  locally  known  as  the  Ma- 
gothy  Bay  section  and  on  the  old  Arlington  estate.  Unfortu- 
nately it  was  allowed  to  go  to  decay  and  in  1824  the  walls  and 
some  of  the  material  was  sold.  Nothing  but  the  foundation  is 
now  left  to  mark  the  spot.  The  communion  set,  now  used  in 
Christ  Church,  Eastville,  was  a  '*  gift  of  John  Custis  of  W"burgh 
to  the  lower  church  of  Hungars  Parish,  741,'*  according  to  the 
inscription.  The  plate  now  used  in  Christ  Church  is  inscribed 
**Ex  dono  Francis  Nicholson,"  Lt.  Gov.  1690-2,  and  again 
later. 

Christ  Church,  Eastville,  was  erected  as  near  as  can  be  stated 
in  1826  or  7. 

Old  Hungars  Church  became  untenable  in  1 850  so  as  to  be  unfit 
for  holding  services. 

It  was  repaired  in  1851  and  reduced  somewhat  in  size  but 
practically  unchanged  in  general  appearances  from  its  original 
style.  It  is  an  interesting  landmark  that  has  stood  like  a  beacon 
light  to  many  generations. 

Thos.  B.  Robertson. 

Eastville,  Va. 


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318  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


GENEALOGY. 


THE  BRENT  FAMILY. 

Compiled  by  \V.  B.  Chilton,  Washington,  D.  C. 

(continued.) 

The  Brent  Family  of  Charing. 

It  will  be  noticed  in  the  foregoing  account,  that  Sir  Robert  de  Brent 
who  married  Claricia,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Adam  de  la  Ford,  had 
a  second  son  John,  who  settled  at  Charing  in  Kent,  and  was  the  ances- 
tor of  a  family  which  continued  there  for  many  generations. 

The  account  given  of  this  branch  of  the  family  in  Hasted's  history  of 
Kent  is  quoted  in  full  in  the  following  pages,  and  a  few  wills  and  records 
of  administrations  have  been  inserted  : 

The  History  of  Kent. 

(1367.)* 

Wickifis  is  a  manor  in  the  Southern  part  of  this  parish,  adjoining  to 
Wesiwelly  in  which  part  of  the  lands  of  it  lie.  It  was  originally  the 
patrimony  of  the  family  of  Brent*  and  was  their  most  antient  seat. 
RobertDrent,  the  first  of  this  name  mentioned  in  their  pedigree,  lived  in 
the  reign  of  K.  Edward  II,  and  is  styled  of  Charing ^  as  were  his  several 
descendants  afterwards,!  ""e  of  whom,  llit/iatn,  son  of  Hugh 
Brent,  married  y////fl«a,  relict  of  Thomas  PauHsherst^  of  this  parish,  by 
whom  he  inherited  the  Manor  of  Pevington,  and  other  estates  near  this 
place. t  He  died  anno  27  Henry  VI,  leaving  issue  a  Son  Hugh  Brent^ 
who  WHS  of  Charing^  and  had  issue  four  Sons,  of  whom  Wit/iam  Brent, 
Esq.  the  eldest,  inherited  this  Manor,  and  resided  at  it ;  and  Robert,  the 
.second  Son  of    U  i/sborough,  an  ancestor  of  the  Brents  uf  that  place. 


♦Weover  says.  p.  294.  They  were  branched  out  of  the  anlient  slock  of  Brent  in  the 
CO.  of  Somrrst'l .  of  whom  Sir  /\oht'tt  df  lUnit  was  a  Bartm  of  I*'ArliauietU  in  the  reign 
of  K.  Kdward  1,(12721.  When  the  church  here  was  hurned  in  i.v^o,  the  windows  and 
gravestones,  in  which  this  family  was  noticed  were  mostly  defaced  ;  but  on  the  outside 
of  the  behry.  the  w^rer,  being  the  arms  of  Huiih  lirrnt,  Esq.,  yet  remains. 

tPhilipott,  p.  loi,  says  that  Jn/tn.Si^u  of  Rohrrt  Bttrnt.  Son  of  the  above  Kobert, 
paid  aid  in  the  20th  year  of  K.  ICdward  HI  f  1327),  for  hi^  lands  here  ;  hut  I  find  no  men- 
tion of  it  in  the  Book  of  Aid. 

JShe  was  the  daughter  of  John  Gabion  of  the  co.  of  Kssex,  by  his  wife  At/wbilia, 
daughter  of  John  Ptvingion,  of  Pninuton   and  heir  to  her  two  brothers 


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GENEALOGY.  819 

*At  length  his  great-grand  son  Thofnas  Brent^  Esq.,  succeeding  to 
this  Manor,  resided  at  it  till  the  12th  year  of  Q.  Elizabeth,  when  becom- 
ing heir  to  Wilshorou^h,  by  the  devise  of  his  kinsman  Robert  Brent,  of 
that  place,  who  died  without  issue,  he  removed  thither,  where  he  died 
•likewise  without  issue  in  1612,  and  was  buried  there.  By  his  last  will 
he  bequeathed  his  manor  or  tenement  called  IVickins  Device  and  Cap- 
<ron8  in  Charing  and  Westwelh  and  all  the  lands  and  appurtenances 
.thereto  belonging,  to  his  nephew  Christopher  Dering^  of  Charing  who 
then  occupied  them.  He  was  the  fifth  and  youngest  son  of  John  Dering 
of  Surrenden- Dering,  Esq  ;  by  Margaret,  sister  of  the  above-mentioned 
Thomas  Brent*  and  married  Mildred,  daughter  of  Francis  Swann,  of 
Wye,  gent,  by  whom  he  had  several  children,  of  whom  the  eldest, 
John  Dering,  was  of  X^ickins  gent,  as  was  his  eldest  son  Christopher 
Dering,  gent. 

Wills. 

(  P.  C.  C.  Vox  32.)     (Latin  ) 

The  will  of  William  Brent  of  Charrynge,  dated  21  December,  1495. 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  SS.  Peter 
and  Paul  of  Charrying,  next  the  tomb  of  Roger  Rey,  if  there  be  room. 

I  be<ieath  to  the  high  altar  there,  for  my  tithes  forgotten  5s;  and  i2d. 
each  to  each  of  the  lights  in  the  church, 

To  my  daughter  Anne,  wife  of  Edmund  Millys,  13s.  4d. 

To  John,  Edward,  William  and  Margaret,  children  of  the  said  Ed- 
mund and  Anne,  68.  8d.  apiece. 

To  Elizabeth  Wombwell,  my  daughter  138.  4d.  ;  to  John  Wombwell, 
son  of  John  Wombwell  and  the  said  Elizabeth  6s.  8d. 


^John  was  the  third  Son  whose  will  is  in  the  Prerog.  off.  Cant,  proved  anno  1501,  by 
which  he  ordered  his  body  to  be  buried  in  the  new  chapel  of  St.  Mary  in  this  church,  in 
which  no  burial  had  then  been  ;  rind  Thomas  the  fourth  Son,  was  L.  L.  D.  lyiiiiatn  Brent 
the  eldest  brother  made  his  last  will  an.  10  Hen.  Vll.  (1505);  he  left  his  widow  Amy  sur- 
viving, whose  will,  proved  anno  1516,  is  in  the  Prerog.  off.  Cant,  by  which  it  seems  she 
was  buried  in  the  chapel  of  our  Lady,  of  her  own  Edification,  in  this  church.  1  heir  son 
Thomas  possessed  this  manor  and  resided  here.  He  died  anno  20  Henry  VII,  (1505)  as 
did  their  son  John  about  the  2nd  and  3rd  year  of  Philip  and  Mary,  (1556)  leaving  by  Anne 
his  wife.  dau.  anci  coheir  of  Thomas  Berkeley,  two  sons  and  two  daughters,  viz.  William 
who  died  without  issue,  and  Thomas,  who  succeeded  to  this  Manor  ;  Margaret,  married 
first  to  John  Dt^ring;,  of  Surrenden- Dering ,  Esq  ;  remarried  to  More,  and  Amy,  to  IV il- 
Ham  Crispe,  Lieut,  of  Dover  Cast'e.  John  Brent,  Esq  :  above- mentioiictl,  feasted  K. 
Henry  VIII,  in  this  house,  as  he  passed  this  way  towards  his  then  intended  siege  of  Bul- 
ierin,  Weever,  p.  29s,  who  further  says,  that  the  hall-window  of  this  seat  was  full  stored 
with  the  badges  of  K.  luiward  IV,  in  everj  <juarry  of  glass. 

*Aft/honv  Dering,  Estj.  the  second  son  of  John  Dering,  Esq.  by  Margaret  Brent, 
was  likewise  of  Charing,  where  he  possessed  lands  l)y  the  device  of  Thomas  Brent,  of 
Willesborough,  Es<i ;  who  died  in  161 2.  His  eldest  son  Finch  Dering.  of  Charing^  after- 
wards died  fKJSsessed  of  them  in  1625,  and  was  succce<led  by  his  eldest  son  Mr.  Brent 
Dering,  who  (1625-49),  lived  here  in  the  reign  of  K.  Charles  I. 

From  The  History-  of  Kent,  by  Edward  Hasted-Canterbury  1790      Vol.  Ill,  p.  214. 


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320  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

To  Margaret,  my  daughter,  4oli.  to  her  marriage. 

I  will  that  my  Chaplain,  William  Fitz  James,  shall  continue  to  cele- 
brate for  my  soul. 

Also  that  my  exors  shall  provide  10s.  yearly  out  of  a  meadow  called 
Broktonysmede,  to  be  received  by  the  occupants  of  my  mansion  in 
Charryng,  to  keep  my  anniversary  in  the  church  of  Charryng. 

The  residue  of  my  goods  I  give  to  Anne  my  wife,  to  Thomas  Brent 
L.  L.  D.,  and  John  Brent  my  brothers,  and  William  Brent  my  nephew, 
whom  I  ordain  my  exors. 

Witnesses:  Robert  Rowe,  my  brother,  Roger  Pende,  and  John 
Duke. 

Proved  19th  Feb.  1495-6  by  master  Thomas  Brent  and  John  Brent, 
with  power  reserved,  &c. 

The  last  will  of  the  said  William  Brent.     ( Ibid.  fol.  34.) 

I  bequeath  all  my  lands,  <&c.  in  Charrying,  Perevington,  Smerden, 
Boughton.  Materbe,  Challoke,  Kenyngton,  Wyllysbergh,  Henxsell 
Lymme,Wy  &  Boughton  Allhof!  to  John,  Lord  Fyneux.  Thos.  Brent, 
clerk,  John  Nethersole.  Christopher  Elenden,  John  Anger,  John  Duke 
and  Roger  Pende.  in  trust  to  the  uses  of  my  will. 

I  give  my  dwelling  house  in  Charing  to  my  wife  Anne  till  my  son 
John  comes  to  the  age  of  22 ;  &  then  he  shall  suffer  his  mother  to  have 
all  the  chambers  my  Lady.Moile  had  with  the  parlours  under  the  same. 
If  my  son  John  die,  before  that  age,  then  my  son  Thomas  shall  do  the 
same  ;  and  if  Thomas  die,  then  my  son  Roger. 

The  manor  and  advowson  of  Perevington  shall  remain  to  my  son 
Thomas  after  my  wife's  death  ;  and  the  manor  of  Rippell  Wicheley  and 
Halsicke  to  my  son  Roger. 

Note. — This  Wlliam  Brent  was  the  second  son  of  William  Brent  and 
Juliana  relict  of  Thomas  Paunsherst. 


(P.  C.  C.  Doggett  2.)    (Latin) 
The  will  of  Robert  Brent 
Dated  30  Oct.  1491  Proved  a  Dec.  1491. 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  church  of  S.  Thomas  the 
Martyr  of  Aeon  London. 

I  give  to  the  parish  church  of  Alyngton*  one  missal,  one  portuous 
and  one  vestment  provided  the  Rector  and  parishioners  pray  for  my 
soul. 

I  will  that  all  my  ^oods  now  in  the  castle  of  Alyngton  shall  be  divided 


♦From  Villarc  Cantianum-Phillipot-AIlington  in  the  Hundred  of  Larkfield  was  in 
possession  of  the  family  of  Brent  in  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Edward  IV  (1461).  In 
the  eight  year  of  Henry  VII  (1493)1  John  Brent  passed  the  manor  and  castle  of  Allington 
to  Sir  Henry  Wiat. 


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GENEALOGY.  321 

into  three  equal  parts,  whereof  I  give  one  part  to  my  wife,  and  one  part 
to  my  executors,  to  dispose  for  my  soul  and  the  third  for  the  payment 
of  my  debts.  I  will  that  my  son  shall  have  my  lands  at  Willesbrugh 
charged  with  an  annuity  of  20  marks  to  my  wife. 

I  will  that  my  daughter  Ellen  shall  have  one  manor  called"  le  More  " 
with  the  lands  thereto  adjacent. 

Item,  that  Hylham  and  all  the  lands  I  bought  of  Elys  shall  remain  to 
my  son  William  Brent  that  he  may  pay  my  debts  if  my  other  goods  do 
not  suffice,  and  that  he  may  help  his  sister  Ellen. 

I  will  that  a  priest  shall  celebrate  for  the  soul  of  Margaret  Brownyng 
at  Chyltham  for  half  a  year;  and  that  her  daughter  Joan  Elys  shall  have 
the  lands  called  Hookes,  unless  my  son  can  make  some  other  arrange- 
ments with  her. 

The  residue  of  my  goods  I  bequeath  to  my  executors  Robert  Rowe 
&  my  son  William  Brent ;  and  I  make  Thomas  Brent,  clerk,  overseer 
of  this  my  will. 

Proved  2  December  1491  by  the  executors  named. 

Note.— Robert  Brent  the  maker  of  the  foregoing  will,  was  the  son 
of  Hugh  Brent  and  the  nephew  of  Wm.  Brent,  the  maker  of  the  will 
immediately  preceding:. 

(P.  C.  C.  Blamyr.v)* 

The  will  of  Agnes  Drakes,  widow,  late  the  wife  of  Richard  Drakes. 
Dated  in  the  feast  of  St.  I^wrence,  1500. 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  chapel  of  St.  Anne  in  the 
parish  church  of  St.  Aunteyn  in  London,  beside  the  sepulture  of  Richard 
Brent,  my  ist  husband. 

I  give  to  the  high  altars  of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Little  in  London,  and 
of  the  parish  church  of  Bekynham  in  Kent,  20s.  each 

To  each  of  the  4  orders  of  friars  in  London  los.  each. 

I  will  an  honest  priest  shall  sing  for  the  soul  of  Richard  Drakes,  my 
late  husband,  for  20  years,  according  to  his  will,  and  for  the  souls  of 
Richard  Brent,  my  first  husband,  and  my  father  and  mother,  in  the  church 
of  St.  Antenye  aforesaid.  I  will  that  there  will  be  given  to  the  poor  in 
alma  in  conveying  my  body  to  London,  4.//. 

I  give  to  Edmund  Brogreve,  priest,  my  brother  10//. 

To  the  house  of  friars  of  Hicchon.  6li  138.  4d. 

To  Frier  John  Plumer  of  the  same  house  408. 

To  Agnes  Plumer,  mother  of  the  said  John,  20s. 

To  Ann  Brogreve,  daughter  of  William  Brogreve,  40s. 

To  Sir  William  Derrant,  frior  of  the  said  place  of  Hicchen  208. 


•  ThU  will  is  probably  that  of  the  widow  of  one  of  the  Brents  of  Charing.    Her  hus- 
band, Richard  Brent,  is  not  named,  however,  in  the  published  accounts. 
7 


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322  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

To  Nicholas  Brogreve,  and  Alice  Brogreve,  my  sister,  all  my  manors, 
lands  and  tenements,  that  be  freehold  by  deed  or  copy-hold  in  the  town 
of  Hicchon,  VValden,  Preston,  Poletts,  Ikilford,  and  VVymondlev,  in  the 
counties  of  Hertford  and  Bedford,  to  hold  to  them  and  their  heirs,  to 
be  divided  equally  between  the  said  Nicholas  and  his  sister,  to  whom  I 
give  the  residue  of  my  goods,  to  pray  for  my  soul,  making  them  my 
exors  &  Master  Thomas  Brent,  doctor  in  the  law,  my  supervisor. 

Witnesses: — John  Garter,  Richard  Dawes,  Thomas  Lorkyn,  John 
Aldey  and  Richard  Aldey. 

Proved  24  Sept.  1501  by  the  exors  named. 

The  following  interesting  description  of  Charing  Church  is  transcribed 
from  a  paper  by  John  Sayer,  Esq.,  of  Pett  Place,  Charing. 

[  Large  parts  of  this  account  have  been  necessarily  omitled  from  con- 
siderations of  space.] 

Charing  Chtrch. 
By  John  Sayer  of  Pett  Place  Esq. 

The  name  of  this  parish  used  to  be  pronounced  Char-ing.  or  the  Mar- 
ket Place.  When  had  Charing  first  a  church.^  None  is  mentioned  in 
Domesday  Book,  but  1  think  there  must  have  been  a  chunrh  here  prior 
to  the  Norman  Conquest  and  long  prior  to  any  distinguishable  portion 
of  the  present  edifice.  A  reference  to  the  church  of  Charing,  with  its 
chapel  (meaning  Egerton)  is  found  in  the  Taxation  of  Pope  Nicholas 
A.  D.  1291. 

In  the  Parish  Church  the  oldest  visible  marks  of  date  will  be  found 
in  two  lancet  windows  ;  one  in  the  nortli  wall  of  the  nave,  and  another 
(with  a  slightly  diflferent  heading  1  in  the  north  wall  of  the  clianctl. 
There  are  also  remains,  now  covered  vviih  pLister,  of  an  early  English 
string-course,  running  just  below  the  window  sills,  along  the  north  and 
south  wails  of  the  nave  and  round  the  n  )rth  transept. 

Guessing  from  the  dnte  of  these  remains,  the  earliest  portion  of  the 
present  church  may  have  been  erected  between  A.  D.  1220  and  A.  D. 
1250,  built  perhaps  when  Henry  III  was  King,  and  when  Stephen 
Langton,  as  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  resided  from  time  to  time  in 
the  adjoining  Manor  House. 

The  transepts  appear  to  be  of  a  little  later  •''.ate,  although  the  string 
course  before  mentioned  wis  four!  in  the  n.)rth  tnnsept;  but  the 
labels  above  the  windows  there  are  in  character  transitional,  between 
Early  English  and  Decorated.  The  south  transept  has  been  much 
altered. 

In  tlie  chancL-l  are  three  Sedilia  of  varying  height,  for  the  priest,  dea- 
con, and  sub-deacon;  here,  perhaps  occupied  by  the  Archbishop,  his 
chaplain  and  cross  bearer. 

The  present  sedilia  are  for  the  most  part  a  modern  restoration  by  Mr. 


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GENEALOGY.  323 

Christian,  Sir  Stephen  Glynne,  in  1854,  called  them  "three  plain  rude 
sedelia  mis-shapen  and  obtuse. 

The  windows  of  the  church  vary  much  in  character,  and  indicate  in  a 
marked  manner  the  people's  progressive  desire  for  more  light ;  increas- 
ing from  the  narrow  Early  English  lancet  to  the  Perpendicular  window 
of  unusually  large  size,  to  be  seen  on  the  north  side  of  the  nave  below 
the  transept. 

On  the  south  side  of  the  nave  is  a  Decorated  reticulated  window  of 
great  size,  which  is  very  remarkable  of  its  kind.  It  is  square  headed, 
and  is  itself  nearly  a  perfect  square.  The  design  is  ingenious  and  the 
effect  good,  I  believe  it  to  be  pure  Decorated  of  about  A.  D.  1350.  In 
the  north  transept  there  are  also  reticulated  windows,  probably  of  the 
same  datt;. 

The  chapel  known  as  the  Wicken  Chapel,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
chancel,  deserves  particular  attention.  This  is  the  chapel  of  St.  Mary, 
built  by  Amy  Brent,  the  widow  of  VVm.  Brent,  who  lived  in  an  interest- 
ing old  house  in  this  parish  called  Wickens.  She  died  in  the  year  1516, 
and  by  her  will  directed  that  she  should  be  buried  "in  the  chapel  of 
Our  I^dy  of  her  own  edification."  John  Brent,  the  brother  of  Amy 
Brent's  husband,  by  his  will,  proved  in  1501,  likewise  ordered  his  body 
to  be  buried  in  the  new  Chapel  of  St.  Mary,  in  which  no  burial  then 
had  been ;  so  that  as  to  the  Wickens  chancel  there  is  no  question  as  to 
the  date  of  the  building  being  circa  A.  D.  1499. 

Attention  should  next  be  directed  to  the  tower,  with  its  fine  arch 
opening  into  the  nave  ;  a  singularly  well  proportioned  example  of  what 
have  been  called  Kentish  towers,  and  having  angle  buttresses  of  a  re- 
markable character,  the  face  of  each  buttress  being  formed  anglewise. 
The  porch  plainly  appears  to  have  been  built  at  the  same  time  as  the 
tower ;  both  being  of  good  ragstone  masonry  and  of  Perpendicular 
work.  Weever,  writing  about  the  year  1592,  said  :  **On  the  outside  of 
the  belfry  do  remain  carved  in  stone  the  badge  of  Edward  IV  (being  a 
rose  within  the  sun  beams),  and  a  wivern.  being  the  arms  of  Hugh 
Brent,  who  in  the  reign  of  Edward  IV,  was  the  principal  founder  of  this 
belfry,  which  was  before  of  wood." 

The  tower  has  a  fine  west  doorway,  no  doubt  intended  as  the  proces- 
sional entry  for  the  Archbishop  and  his  attendants  ;  the  porch  having 
been  built  for  the  use  of  the  people,  to  supersede  an  older  and  loftier 
doorway,  traces  of  which  may  be  seen  above  the  inner  porch  door. 

Within  the  porch  are  the  remains  of  the  stoup  for  holy  water,  with 
a  hooded  covering,  and  outside,  between  the  porch  and  the  tower  is  a 
niche  intended  doubtless  for  an  image  or  statue,  of  which  however, 
there  is  no  vestige.  For  the  fine  roofs  in  both  nave  and  chancel,  of  dis- 
tinctive Elizabethan  character,  the  church  is  indebted  to  those  parish- 
ioners who  witnessed  the  great  fire,  which  happened  in  the  year  1590  ; 
respecting  which  Robert  Honywood  of  Pett,  a  lineal  ancestor  of  the 


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324  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

present  owner  of  Rett  Place,  who  is  the  writer  of  this  paper,  made  at 
the  tlie  time  following  nute  in  his  diary  ;  "  mem.:  The  parish  church  of 
Charing  was  burnt  upon  Tuesday  the  4th  of  Augnst,  1590,  and  the  bells 
in  the  steeple  melted  with  the  extremity  of  the  flre  :  nothing  of  the 
church  was  left  but  the  bare  walls,  except  the  floor  over  the  porch  and 
the  floor  ovf  r  the  turret,  where  the  weather-cock  doth  stand.  The  fire 
chanced  by  means  of  a  birdinx-piece  discharged  by  one  Mr.  Dios, 
which  fired  in  the  shingles  ;  the  day  being  very  hot  an»i  the  same 
shingles  very  dry." 

(TO    BE    CONTINUED.) 


THK  MALLORV  FAMILY. 
(co.vtinued) 

On  account  of  several  errors  in  printing  in  the  will  of  William  Mallory 
given  in  the  October  Magazine,  page  218,  it  is  reprinted  here. 

**  In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  Ego  VVillelmus  Malliore  senior,  armiger 
Sepeliendum  in  eccles.  S.  Petri  Ripon  coram  altare  B.  Mariae.  Opti- 
mum animae  nominie  mortuarii*.  Lego  [ohannae  Filiae  meae  de  reddi- 
titibus  provenientibus  de  Hoton  iuxta  Ripon,  et  Over  Dedinsall  C 
Marcas.  Ad  maritagium  Magaretae  filiae  mea,  C  Marcas.  Volo  quod 
Henricus  Malliore  Christolorus  Malliore,  Georgius  Malliore  and  Ricar- 
dus  Malliore,  filii  mei,  habeant  terras  pro  termino  vitae  suae  ad  valen- 
cii\m  X  L  marcarum,  in  villis  de  Lynton  in  Craven  Brompton  Coppid- 
hewyk,  Granteley,  Wynkysley  Wodehouse  and  Hylton  Flyghan  in  com. 
Westm.  quae  sunt  de  jure  &  hereditate  Dionisiae  uxoris  mei  dicti  Wil- 
lelmi  Malliore.  Do  et  lego  monasterio  S.  Roberti  &  fratribus  suis 
pro  uno  obitu  pro  anima  mea  vjs.  viij.  d.  Residuum  lego  Dionisiae 
uxori  meae,  Christofero  Malliore  and  Johannae  sorori  ejus,  quos  facio 
executores.  Dat  1  May  MCCCCLXX  ij.  Prob  25  April  1475.  (Reg. 
Test,  Ebor.  IV  125.") 


Sir  John  had  issue: 

L  William',  11.  Robert^    HI.  John'. 


(•)  popular  antiquities  of  great  britain.   hazlitt— vol.  ii, 
Pages  199-200 

MORTl'ARIKS. 

The  payment  o{  mortuaries  is  of  ^reat  antiquity.  It  was  anciently  done  by  leading  or 
driving  a  horse  or  cow,  &c.,  before  the  corpse  of  the  deceased  at  his  funeral.  It  was  con* 
sidtred  as  a  gift  left  by  a  man  at  his  death,  by  way  of  recompense  for  all  failures  in  the  pay> 
ment  of  tithes  and  oblations,  and  called  a  corse  present.  It  is  mentioned  in  the  National 
Council  of  Ensham  about  the  year  1006.     (Collier's  "  Ecelesiast.  Histor>',"  Vol.  I,  p.  487.) 

Mortuaries  were  called  by  our  Saxon  Ancestors  Soul  j/ro/,  or  paymeftt.  (Sec  a  cari- 
ous account  of  them  m  Dugdale's  *'  Hist,  of  Warwickshire,"  ist  edit.,  p.  679.  Sec  also, 
Cowel's  "Interpreter  in  vocr,"  and  Selden's  '*  History  of  Tithes,"  p.  287,)  "  Offeringtx 
at  Hutialles  "  are  in  a  list  of  "  Grosse  Poyntes  of  Poperie,  evident  to  all  Men,"  in  **  A 
Parte  of  a  Register,  condemned,"  &c.      [circa  1593.] 


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GENEALOGY.  325 

Sir  William'  Mallory,  of  Studleyand  Hutton,  eldest  son  and  heir, 
married  Joan,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Constable,  of  Halsham,  by  Lora  his 
wife,  daughter  of  Henry,  Lord  Fitzhugh,  to  whom  he  left  !)y  will  in  1473 
the  large  sum  of  500  marks  towards  her  marriage.  {Test.  Ebor.  iii,  279.) 
It  appears  that,  in  1475,  William  Mallory,  son  and  heir  of  Sir  John  Mal- 
lory, knL,  and  heir  of  William  Mallory,  his  grandfather,  did  service  to 
the  Chapter  of  Ripon  for  his  lands  at  Ripon  and  Hutton  Conyers  {Ripon 
Chapter  Act  Book,  246-7.)  In  1497  Sir  William,  his  wife,  and  John  his 
son,  became  members  of  the  Corpus  Christi  Guild  at  York.  (From  the 
evidence  as  10  the  manor  of  Washington,  already  quoted,  it  appears 
that  Sir  William  had  a  son  William,  but  Glover,  who  seems  to  have 
perused  the  family  papers,  assigns  him  but  one  son.) 

••  Inq.  p.  m.  Sir  Wm.  Malory  knt,.  4th  Nov.  15th  Hen.  VII  [1499]  m* 
61.,  taken  at  York  Cast  e,  4th  Nov.  Was  seized  of  the  manors  of  Stud- 
ley  and  HuUon  and  being  so  seized,  he  granted  by  his  Charter  the  same 
to  Sir  Stephtrn  Hamerton,  knt..  and  his  heirs  to  fulfil  his  last  will.  The 
said  manor  of  Studley  is  held  for  Thomas,  Archbishop  of  York,  by 
fealty  and  rent  of  20.,  and  is  worth  annually,  ultra  reprisasj  twenty 
marks.  The  manor  of  Hutton  is  held  of  the  Bishop  of  Durham,  by 
fealty  only,  and  is  worth,  ultra  reprisas^  ^20.  He  died  2d  July,  14th 
Hen.  VII  [1498]  and  John  Malory  is  his  next  heir,  aged  26  years  and 
more." 

Sir  John**  .Mallory,  of  Studley  and  Huion,  knt.,  §on  and  heir,  was 
four  times  married  First,  to  .Margaret,  daughter  of  Edmund  Thwaittsof 
Lund  on  the  Wolds,  who  mentions  her  in  his  will  (  Test  Ebor  IV,  177) 
P2sq.  Secondly,  to  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Hugh  Hastings,  of  Fen- 
wick,  CO.  York,  to  whom  her  father  bequeathed,  in  1482,  3(X)  marks  for 
her  marriage  {Test  Ebor.  Ill,  274).  Sir  John  Mallory's  third  wife  was 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Reade,  of  Burkshall  in  Oxfordshire.  The 
license  for  him  to  marry  her  in  the  chapel  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  at 
Studley,  is  dated  Nov.  24th  15 15  \^  Test  Ebor.  Ill,  368).  His  fourth  wife 
was  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  York,  Mayor  of  the  Staple  at  Calais 
and  a  rich  merchant  at  York.  The  license  for  them  to  marry,  addressed 
to  the  curate  of  Bra>ton,  near  Selby,  is  dated  Nov.  29th  1521  {Test 
Ebor.  Ill,  372).  In  1554  Lady  Anne  Mallory,  in  compliment  to  her 
father,  was  made  Iree  of  the  city  of  York. 

Sir  John  Mallory  died  in  1527-8,  and  on  his  decease  the  following  in- 
quisition was  taken  : 

*'  Inq.  p.  m.  Sir  John  Malory,  taken  at  Howden,2oth  Oct.,  20th  Hen. 
VIII.  He  was  seized  in  his  demsene  as  of  fee,  on  the  day  when  he  died, 
of  the  manors  of  Studley  Magna  and  Hutton  Conyers,  as  also  of  100 
acres  of  arable  land,  30  acres  of  meadow,  50  acres  of  pasture  and  30 
acres  of  wood,  in  .Studley  Magna  and  Hutton  ;  also  of  10  messuages, 
20  acres  of  arable  land,  10  acres  of  meadow,  100  of  moor  and  30  of  wood 
and  1 2d  free  rent  in  Grantley,  also  of  8  burgages  in  Ripon,  Studley,  and 


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326  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

Crantley,  and  burgages  in  Ripon  held  of  the  Archbishop  of  York.  Hut- 
ton  held  of  the  manor  of  Northallerton.  The  premises  in  Studley  and 
Grantley  worth  /■45.12.8  per  ann.,  and  those  in  Hutton  Conyers  /"40. 
They  say  also  that  John  Byrtby,  of  Ripon,  Chaplain,  was  seized  in  de- 
mesne as  of  fee  of  a  close  called  Bright  Close,  in  Hutton  Conyers,  also 
of  two  water  corn  mills  there  to  the  use  of  one  Wm.  Mallory,  Junior,  son 
and  heir  of  John  Mallory,  knt.,  and  of  his  heirs,  and  that  so  seized  of 
the  i2th  of  Feb.  nth  Edw.  IV(i47i-2),he  granted  the  same  to  the  said 
William  Mallory,  Junior,  Johanna  then  his  wife,  and  the  heirs  male  of 
the  said  William  and  Johanna.  They  also  say  that  John  Darneton,  late 
abbot  of  Fountains,  Mr.  Wm.  Potman,  late  provost  of  Beverley,  John 
Constable,  of  Halsham,  knt.,  Stephen  Hamerton,  knt.,  and  Brian  Rowth, 
esq.,  were  seized  in  their  demesne  as  of  fee  of  a  close  called  la  Bright 
in  Hutton  Conyers  and  of  the  New  Close  there,  and  of  a  messuage  and 
a  bovate  of  arable  land  there  &c.,  to  the  use  of  Wm.  Malory,  knt.,  and 
being  so  seized,  by  indenture  dated  20th  Dec.  22d  Edward  IV  ( 1482) 
they  conveyed  the  same  premises  to  Wm.  Malory  and  Johanna  his  wife 
and  their  heirs  another  settlement  of  the  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Nun- 
wick.  Other  trustees  enfeoffed  by  Sir  John,  of  the  manor  of  Lynton  in 
Craven,  namely  Sir  George  and  Anthony  Darcy,  Roger  Lassells,  and 
Richard  Norton,  esqrs.,  to  the  use  of  Ann  York,  daughter  of  Richard 
York,  knt,  for  her  life,  in  satisfaction  of  dower  on  any  part  of  the  in- 
heritance of  the  said  Sir  John.  The  date  of  the  feofft  is  not  given.  Sir 
John  died  23  Mirch  19  Henry  VIII  (i527-S)and  William  Malory,  esq., 
his  son  and  next  heir  is  now  30  years  old  and  upward." 

Sir  John^  Mallory  had  issue  : 

(By  ist  M.)     I.     William* 

(By  2d  M. )  II.  Christopher.®  of  Tickhill,  who  married  and  had  an 
only  son  Sampson,  who  was  buried  at  Ripon,  Aug.*  17,  1600.  The  will 
of  Sampson'*^  Mallorie,  of  Ripon  Parks,  gentleman,  was  dated  i  March, 
1599-1600,  and  proved  Sept.  27,  1600,     He  died  without  issue. 

III.  Joan',  wife  of  Thomas  Slingsby,  of  Scriven,  esq  ,  who  was  buried 
in  Knaresborough  Church,  Sept.  26,  1581. 

(By  4th  M.)  IV.  George^  of  Tickhill  Castle,  esq.  His  will  was 
dated  Nov.  28,  1580,  and  proved  Feb  16,  1580-81.  He  married  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  Hugh  Wyrrall,  of  Leversal,  and  died  without  issue. 

Sir  William*  Mallory,  of  Studley  and  Hutton,  knt.,  eldest  .<ion 
and  heir.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Norton,  of  Norton 
Conyers,  knt.,  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Ward,  of  Givendale, 
and  had  issue  by  her  two  sons  and  seven  daughters.  He  was  buried  at 
Ripon.     (?) 

*  Inq,  p.  m.  Wm.  Mallory,  knt..  taken  at  York  Castle  24th  Sept.,  ist 
Edward  VI  (1547)-  He  was  seized  on  the  day  he  died  in  his  demesne 
as  of  fee  of  the  manor  of  Studley  Ma^na  as  held  of  the  king  as  of  his 
manor  of  Ripon  by  fealty  at  rent  of  38s.,   and  worth  per.    ann.    £40, 


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GENEALOGY.  327 

Also  of  lo  messuages,  a  cottage  and  divers  lands  and  tenements  in 
Grantley  and  Winksley  held  of  ihe  manor  of  Ripon  by  fealty  only,  and 
worth  per  ann.  £S.  18.6;  also  of  6  messuages  and  of  divtrs  closes, 
lands,  meadows  and  pastures  held  of  the  King's  Manor  of  Ripon  by 
tealty  only,  and  worth  ^^5;  also  one  burgage  in  Ripon  held  in  socage  and 
worth  26s.  8d  per  ann.  The  manor  of  Hutton  Conyers  and  divers  lands 
there,  together  with  2  messuages  and  lands  at  Brompton  are  held  of  the 
Hishop  of  Durham,  as  of  his  manor  of  Northallerton,  by  knight's  ser- 
vice and  are  worth  yearly  /"ro.  Also  of  Manor  of  Linton  in  Craven,  5 
cottages  and  divers  lands  held  of  the  King  as  of  his  manor  of  SpofTorth 
by  knight's  service,  viz:  by  12th  part  of  one  knight's  fee,  and  worth 
per  ann.  ;i"i2.8.  For  his  lifetime  he  was  seized  also  of  a  moiety  of  the 
manor  of  Nunwick  and  ot  divers  lands  there  held  of  the  King  as  of  his 
manor  of  Ripon  by  service  of  6  parts  of  one  knight's  fee.  and  worth 
;^?c,  and  by  writing  dated  8th  June,  33d  Hen.  VIII  (IS^O  he  granted 
the  said  }4  manor  and  premises  in  Nunwick  to  VV^m.  Mallory,  his  son, 
for  the  term  of  his  life.  S;iid  \Vm.  Mallory  [the  father]  died  27th  April 
I  Kdward  VI  (1547)  and  Chr.  Mallory,  his  son  and  heir,  is  now  aged  22 
years  and  more." 

Sir  VVillam  Mallory  left  issue: 

I.  Christopher'^  eldest  son  and  heir,  married  Margery,  daughter  of 
Sir  Christopher  Danby,  of  Thrope  Perrow,  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Richard,  Lord  Latimer;  but  had  no  issue.  He  died  young,  23d  March 
^553-4,  his  brother  William  Mallory,  esq.,  being  found  by  his  /fig.  post 
Mortum  to  be  his  next  of  kin,  then  being  23  years  of  age  and  more. 

II.  William''^  heir  to  his  brother. 

IIL  Margaret  married  John  Conyers,  of  Katon  onUsk,  mother  of 
Christopher  Conyers,  who  married  a  sister  of  the  celebrated  Cardinal 
Allen. 

IV.  Catherine,  wife  of  Sir  George  Radcliffe,  of  Cartington  and  Dils- 
ton  in  Northumberland  ,  Lord  of  Dervventwater  and  Lord  warden  of  the 
East  Marches  towards  Scotland.     He  died  31st  May,  1588. 

V.  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  William  Ingilby,  of  Ripley,  knt.  treasurer  of 
Qerwick-on-Tweed.  There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Ripley  Castle,  where 
he  is  represented  in  Armour,  richly  inlaid  with  gold,  a  small  ruff  around 
his  neck,  short  hair  and  whiskers,  and  a  beard  aftei"  the  fashon  of  the 
day.  Lady  Ingilby  was  interred  at  Ripley,  Feb.  20,  1587-8.  Her  hus- 
band died  on  the  23d  of  Febuar>'.  1577-8. 

VI.  Elizabeth,  married  first  Sir  Robert  Stapleton,  of  Wighhill,  knt., 
who  died  in  1557,  and  secondly,  Marniaduke,  second  son  of  Thomas 
Slingstby,  of  Scriven.  esq. 

VI I.  Dorothy  married  the  celebrated  Sir  George  Bowes,  of  Streatlam 
in  the  county  of  Durham  who  so  vigorously  withstood  the  Earls  of 
Northumberland  and  Westmoreland  in  the  rebellion  of  1569;  and  gar- 
risoned and  held  out  Barnard  Castle  against  their  united  forces  for  ten 


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328  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

days.  He  was,  by  special  Commission,  appointed  marshall  north  of  the 
Trent,  and  he  certainly  executed  the  office  with  dreadful  sternness  and 
severity.  The  marriage  articles  of  Sir  George  and  his  wife  are  dated 
7th  Oct.,  2oth,  Henry  VIII  (1529.)  By  her(who  washis first  wife)he  had 
Sir  William  Bowes,  ambassador  to  Scotland  and  treasurer  of  Berwick. 
VIII.  P'rances,  wife  of  Ninian  Staveley,  of  Ripon  Parks,  esq. 
IX.  Joan,  second  wife  of  Nicholas  Rudston,  of  Hayton.  esq. 

Sir  Willia.m'"  Mallory,  of  Studley  and  Hutton,  heir  to  his  brother 
Christopher.  During  the  Rising  of  the  North  in  1569,  he  took  the  side 
of  the  Crown,  giving  news  and  advice  to  the  Earl  of  Sussex.  In  the 
following  year  he  was  appointed  High  Steward  ot  Ripon,  an  office  which 
he  seems  to  have  held  during  the  rest  of  his  life  {Calendar  of  State 
Papers^  Elizabeth.)  In  1585  Sir  William  was  M.  P.  for  Yorkshire.  He 
was  High  Sheriff  of  the  county  in  1592,  and  was  exceedingly  zealous  in 
the  suppression  of  Popery  {Troubles  0/ Our  Catholic  For  ('fathers,  3d 
series,  pp.  46,  69,  83,  92).  In  1575  the  Commissioners  at  York  for  Ec- 
clesiastical Causes  requested  him  and  Mr.  Ralph  Tunstall  "to  pull 
downe  the  golden  tabernacle  at  Rippon  breast  lowe  and  the  same  to  be 
employed  in  repairing  the  Channcell."  In  1577  he,  with  Mr.  Wandes- 
ford  and  Mr.  Lister,  was  directed  to  see  that  the  churchwardens  of 
Ripon  did  their  duty.  The  Reformation  had  made  scant  progress  in 
the  Ripon  district,  and  Sir  William  was  very  keen  in  advancing  it.  He 
was  an  exceedingly  active  and  able  person.  He  married  Ursula,  daugh- 
ter of  (leorge  Gale,  esq.,  of  York,  master  of  the  Mint  there,  and  sometime 
Lord  Mayor  of  that  city.  By  will,  dated  1536,  George  Gale  gave  to 
his  daughter  and  her  husband  the  ^£"20,  which  he  had  lent  to  Christopher 
Mallory,  Sir  William's  brother.  In  the  following  year  Dame  Mary 
Gale  bequeathed  to  her  daughter  Mallory  her  "  tablett  of  golde," 
and  to  her  goddaughter  Jane  Mallory  her  "  flowre  of  golde  wythe  the 
stone  in  yt,  and  wythe  a  iytle  chyne  ot  golde."     (  Yorke  Registry.) 

The  following  are  some  extracts  from  Sir  Williams'  will  which  was 
proved  at  York  : 

"15  June,  28  Elizabeth  (1586),  W^illiam  Mallory  of  Hutton  Conyers, 
knight.  To  George  Mallory  my  sonne  one  anuitie  of  £\%  out  of  my 
mannor  of  W^lshington,  Co.  Durlseme.  To  Thomas  Mallory  my  sonne 
one  anuitie  of  /*I9  out  of  the  same.  To  Charles  my  sonne  one  anuitie 
of  /"17  out  of  my  lands  at  Hutton  Conyers.  To  Robert  Mallory 
my  sonne  one  anuitie  of  £\1  out  of  the  same.  To  Francis  Mall- 
ory my  sonne  one  anuitie  of  /"17  out  of  my  lands  at  Great  Stodeley. 
To  Anne  Mallory  my  daughter  ^300.  To  Dorothie  Mallory  my 
daughter  twelve  score  pounds.  To  Julian  Mallory  my  daughter 
/"300,  whereof  she  hath  already  paid  unto  her  ^50,  to  remain  with 
her  mother  until  she  be  20,  if  she  marry  without  her  mother's  con- 
sent she  to  have  but  200  markes,  and  the  other  100  markes  to  be 
paid  to  Elizabeth  Mallory  my  youngest  daughter.     To  John  Mallorie 


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BOOK    REVIEWS.  829 

my  Sonne  and  heir  my  lease  of  the  tythe  of  Raynton,  Aisentil  and 
Newby,  paying  j^io  a  year  to  Elizabeth  my  youngest  daughter  for 
ten  years,  and  for  her  further  advancement  I  rest  in  the  mercy  of  God 
and  her  mother's  goodness.  My  wife  to  have  the  occupacion  of  all 
my  plate,  and  after  her  death  it  to  remaine  to  John  my  sonne  if  he 
be  living,  if  not  to  William  Mallorie  his  sonne.  The  residue  to  Dame 
Ursula  my  wife  andj  ohn  my  sonne,  the  ex'rs.  Prob.  5  April,  1603,  and 
adm.  to  John,  Dame  Ursula  being  dead.     (/^e^.  Test.  Ebor,  XXIX,  3.) 

Sir  William  was  buried  at  Ripon  22nd  March,  1602-3. 

His  issue  was  very  numerous. 

(to  be  continued.) 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 


The  History  of  North  America.  Volume  XVII.  The  Rise  of  the 
New  South.  By  Philip  Alexander  Bruce,  late  Corresponding 
Secretary  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  Author  of.  The  Planta- 
tion Negro  as  a  Freeman,  Economic  History  of  Virginia  in  the 
Seventeenth  Century;  School  History  of  the  United  States  &c.,  &c. 
Printed  for  Subscribers  only  by  George  Barrie  &  Sons,  Philadelphia 
[^905],  PP-  XX,  491,  illustrated. 

"The  Rise  of  the  New  South,"  is  a  theme  for  which  Mr.  Philip  A. 
Bruce  has  peculiar  fitness  as  regards  temper,  training  and  identification 
with  the  forces  entering  into  his  subject.  Reared  in  the  South,  some- 
time Secretary  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Seciety,  author  of  "The  Eco- 
nomic History  of  Virginia,"  a  man  of  broad  experience,  liberal  views 
and  sane  judgment,  he  can  speak  with  authority  upon  the  recent  trend 
of  Southern  issues.  To  a  fine  historical  sense  he  adds  the  practical 
sagacity  of  a  statesman.  His  admirable  book  is  destined  to  exert  vital 
nfluence  upon  present-day  thought,  proving  a  mine  of  information  as 
to  economic,  social  and  political  conditions  in  the  South  since  1876. 
While  his  volume  throbs  with  sympathy  with  the  Southern  people  in 
their  tragic  and  heroic  history,  it  breathes  a  constructive  spirit  that  must 
needs  energize  all  the  progressive  forces  now  at  work  in  Southern  life. 

Mr.  Bruce  instances  seven  facts  of  supreme  importance,  in  which  he 
finds  the  kernel  of  all  that  the  Southern  people  have  accomplished 
since  the  abolition  of  slavery.  These  are  the  subdivision  of  lands;  the 
diversification  of  agriculture;  the  growth  of  manufactures;  the  extension 
and  consolidation  of  railroads;  the  spread  of  education;  the  more  rapid 


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330  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

expansion  of  the  white  than  the  black  population;  and  finally  the  restric- 
tion of  the  suffrage. 

The  chapters  which  Mr.  Bruce  devotes  to  literature,  social  life  and 
politics  in  the  South  are  extremely  interesting  and  instructive.  While 
the  volume  is  too  encyclopedic  for  me  to  indicate  even  in  outline  its 
value  to  the  students  of  conditions  in  this  section,  it  is  proper  to  point 
out  the  signal  ability  shown  in  the  discussion  of  education  and  its  place 
in  the  complex  of  progressive  forces  in  the  South. 

"  In  public  instruction,  offered  without  cost  to  every  individual  in  the 
community,  of  whatever  color  or  condition  in  life,  is  to  be  discovered 
the  firmest  ground  of  hope  for  the  moral  and  intellectual  improvement 
of  the  Southern  people,  as  well  as  for  the  wisest  use  by  them  of  the 
varied  natural  advantages  which  Providence  has  bestowed  upon  their 
region  of  country  almost  without  stint.  There  are  many  persons  in  the 
Southern  States  to-day  who  have  fully  grasped  the  relation  that  public 
education  is  to  bear  to  the  general  development  of  these  States  in  the 
future.  *  ♦  *  One  of  the  most  promising  features  of  its  contempo- 
rary growth  is  the  number  of  men  of  great  capacity  who  are  giving  the 
full  force  of  their  talents  and  training  to  the  cause  of  Southern  Educa_ 
tion,  with  the  keenest  sense  of  the  exalted  character  of  their  profession 
and  with  the  justest  appreciation  of  its  relation  to  the  general  progress 
of  the  South.  *  *  *  It  is  on  these  teachers  chiefly  that,  for  many 
years  to  come,  the  masses  must  rely  for  that  general  advancement  in 
information  which  will  enable  them  to  form  a  correct  judgment  in  decid- 
ing all  questions  affecting  their  nearest  interests.  It  is  not  going  too  far 
to  say  that,  as  a  body,  the  teachers  in  the  different  Southern  institutions 
are  the  most  important  agents  for  the  general  improvement  of  the  whole 
community  to  be  found  in  that  part  of  the  Union." 

He  declares  that  these  men  have  looked  beyond  the  ordinary  objects 

of  general  education  to  the  supreme  object  of  restoring  through  it  the 

Southern  States?  to  their  former  commanding  power  and  influence  in  the 

Union. 

S.  C.  Mitchell,  Richmond  College. 

JOITRNALS    OF    THE    HoUSE    OF     BURGESSES    OF   ViRGINLV,     I773-I776, 

laclulinjj  the  Records  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  Ed- 
ited by  John  Pendleton  Kennedy  [Colonial  Seal  of  Virginia].  Rich- 
mond, Virginia.  M.  C.  M.  V,  500  copies  printed  from  type.  Pub- 
lished by  authority  of  the  Library  Board  of  the  Virginia  State 
Library,  pp.  xxiii,  301,  with  index. 

All  who  are  interested  in  the  history  of  Virginia,  and,  indeed,  of  the 
American  Colonies,  will  give  a  hearty  welcome  to  this  beautiful  book, 
with  which  the  State  of  Virginia  resumes  the  publication  of  its  records. 

It  is  published  by  the  authority  of  the  State  Library  Board,  and  excel- 
lently edited  by  Mr.  John  Pendleton,  Kennedy,  State  Librarian.    To  Mr- 


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BOOK    REVIEWS.  331 

Kennedy  is  also  due  the  unusually  handsome  way  in  which  the  book  is 
made.  It  is  probably  the  best  example  of  such  work  ever  produced  in 
Virginia. 

After  careful  consideration,  the  Library  Board  and  the  Librarian  de- 
termined to  begin  their  publication  of  the  records  with  a  series  of  re- 
prints and  original  publications  of  the  Journal  of  the  House  of  Burgesses. 

No  other  class  of  sources  of  Virginia  history  has  been  so  much  in 
demand  by  students  or  so  difficult  to  reach  as  our  legislative  records  of 
the  Colonial  period.  The  decision  of  the  Board  in  making  this  selection 
was  eminently  wise. 

After  the  same  mature  consideration  it  was  determined  to  begin  pub- 
lication with  the  latest  journals,  as  most  important,  and  work  backwards, 
obtaining  from  the  English  Record  Office  copies  of  Manuscript  journals 
which  do  not  exist  here. 

The  period  covered  by  the  present  publication,  1773-76,  was  so  criti- 
ical  a  one  and  so  filled  with  important  events,  that  there  are  but  few 
pages  of  this  volume  which  do  not  have  value  to  the  historian. 

The  journals  of  the  sessions  included  in  this  volume  have  never  be- 
fore been  printed  in  full.  In  the  preface  the  editor  refers  to  three  dif- 
ferent publications  of  the  journals  as  a  whole  or  in  part ;  but  there  is 
one  which  he  appears  to  have  overlooked.  In  the  American  Archives^ 
4th  Series,  Vol.  I.  350-352,  is  an  extract  from  the  proceedings  of  the 
Session  of  May,  1774,  aud  Vol.  II,  1185-1272,  appears  to  contain  the 
whole  of  the  journals  from  the  beginning  of  the  session  of  June  to  the 
end  of  the  Assembly  in  May,  1776. 

The  preface  contains  much  matter  of  value  and  interest,  including 
several  unpublished  proclamations  and  letters  of  Dunmore,  derived  from 
the  Bancroft-Transcripts  and  other  sources  in  the  Library  of  Congress, 
The  annotations  are  well  done  and  very  properly  (in  the  publication  o' 
a  document  of  this  kind  and  in  this  manner)  only  made  when  necessary 
information  is  to  be  supplied. 

The  index  is  a  very  good  one,  and  ihe  only  amendment  that  can  be 
suggested  is  that  hereafter  there  shall  be  (as  is  the  case  in  the  publi- 
cation of  the  Maryland  Archives),  a  separate  index  showing  the 
history  of  bills  and  resolutions.  The  volume  includes  the  proceedings 
and  correspondence  of  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence  for 
the  years  named. 

As  illustration,  there  appears  a  fac-simile  of  the  last  page  of  the 
Journal  of  the  last  Colonial  legislature  with  its  emphatic  Finis,  and  en- 
gravings of  the  rare  Council  book-plate  and  of  several  Virginia    seals- 

In  manner  and  matter,  in  this  their  initial   volume,  the  Board  and  the 
Librarian  have  produced  a  book  of  high  value,  and  have  made  a  mos 
p!V>pitious  beginning  of  a  work,  which  has  been  so  long  anxiously  looked 
forward  to  by  historical  students. 
The  Library  has  recently  obtained  from  England  copies  of  the   jour- 


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332  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

nals  of  1766  aud  1767  which  had  been  entirely  lost  sight  of,  and  were 
not  only  not  to  be  found  in  America,  but  were  not  known  to  be  in  the 
British  Public  Record  Office. 

A  second  volume  of  Journals  will  he  publishtd  in  the  same  beautiful 
shape,  about  March,  1906. 

Documentary  Historv  of  Dunmore's  War,  1774.  Ccmpiled  from 
the  Draper  Manuscripts  in  the  Library  of  the  Wisconsin  Historical 
Society  and  published  at  the  charge  of  the  VXisconsin  Society  of  the 
the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution.  Edited  by  Reuben  Gold 
Thwaites,  L.  L.  D.,  Secretary  of  the  Society,  and  Louise  Phelps 
Kellogg,  Ph.  D.,  Editorial  Assistant  on  the  Society's  Staff. 
[Seal  of  the  Society].  Madison,  Wisconsin  Historical  Society,  1905. 
pp.  xxviii,  472. 

The  editors  say  in  their  valuable  introductory  '*  Lord  Dunmore's  War 
was  in  a  sense  a  focal  point  in  Western  history.  Here  were  gathered  in 
either  wing  of  the  army  the  men  who  by  dint  of  daring  enterprise  had 
made  their  way  to  the  frontier,  and  had  carried  American  institutions 
across  the  Appalachian  barrier  *  *  *  From  Point  Pleasant  and 
Camp  Charlotte  they  scattered  far  and  wide  to  fight  ihe  coming  battle 
for  independence  *  ♦  *  The  victory  at  Point  Pleasant  opened  an 
ever  lengthening  pathway  to  Western  Settlement.  Thenceforward  new 
vigor  was  infused  into  the  two  chief  forces  of  the  future  century — 
American  expansion  and  American  Nationalism." 

These  words  emphasize  correctly  the  great  importance  of  the  cam- 
paign made  by  the  Virginians  against  the  Western  Indians  in  1774  and 
known  as  '*  Dunmore's  W^ar." 

There  has  been  hardly  any  important  era  of  our  history  concerning 
which  documentary  information  has  been  more  lacking  than  that  of  this 
campaign  of  1774. 

There  has  been  published  a  considerable  amount  of  matter  in  regard 
to  the  battle  of  Point  Pleasant,  but  as  regards  the  war  as  a  whole,  and 
the  operations  of  the  force  under  Dunmore  in  particular,  we  have  had 
vague  and  unreliable  accounts. 

All  the  remaining  documentary  history  of  the  period  is,  practically  in 
the  Draper  Collection,  and  when  the  Wisconsin  Society  t^ons  of  the 
American  Revolution  ollered  to  defray  the  cost  of  publication  of  a  vol- 
ume made  up  from  the  Historical  Society's  Collections,  they  did  a  most 
patriotic  and  praiseworthy  act,  which  it  is  hoped  will  be  emulated  by 
other  organizations  or  by  individuals. 

The  editors  state  that  the  volume  now  published  contains  only  about 
half  of  the  material  in  regard  to  Dunmore's  War  which  is  in  the  Draper 
Collection.  It  is  greatly  to  be  hoped  that  the  rest  of  the  papers  on  the 
subject  will  appear  in  print  at  no  distant  date. 


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BOOK    REVIEW.  333 

It  is  needless  to  say  that  the  editing  is  learned  and  illuminating,  or  to 
lay  further  stress  on  the  obvions  importance  of  this  work. 

Thb  Woods-McAfee  Memorial  Containing  an  Account  of 
John  Woods  and  James  McAfee  of  Ireland  and  Their  De- 
scendants In  A.MERICA.  Copiously  illustrated  with  maps  drawn 
expres^Iy  for  this  work  and  embellished  with  one  hundred  and  fifty 
handsomely  engraved  portraits,  scenes,  etc.  By  Rev.  Neander  M. 
Woods,  D.  p.,  LL.  D..  with  an  Introduction  by  Hon.  Reuben  T. 
Durrett  A.  M.  LL.  D.,'of  Louisville  Ky.,  President  of  the  Filson 
Club.  In  which,  besides  considerable  new  matter  bearing  on  Vir- 
ginia and  Kentucky  history,  will  be  found  mention  of  the  families 
of  Adams,  Alexander,  Arm.strong,  Bebee,  Boone,  Borden,  Bowyer, 
Bruce,  Buchanan,  Butler,  Caperton,  Campbell,  Clark,  Coates,  Craw- 
ford, Curry,  Daingerfield,  Daviess,  Dedman,  Duncan,  Dunn,  Durrett, 
Forsyih,  Foster,  Gachet,  Gooch,  Goodloe,  Goodwin,  Guthrie,  Hale, 
Haines,  Henderson,  Johnston,  Lapsley,  Macfarlane,  Macgowen, 
McGoffin,  McAfee,  McDowell,  McKamey,  Phillips,  Reed,  Ricken- 
baugh,  Rogers,  Royster,  Shelby,  Sampson,  Speed,  Suddarth,  Tay- 
lor, Todd,  Thompson,  Warner,  Wade,  Walker,  Wallace,  White, 
Williamson,  Woods,  Word,  Wylie,  Young  and  five  hundred  others 
as  will  be  seen  by  the  index.  Also  some  hitherto  unpublished  docu- 
ments which  constitute  a  valuable  contribution  to  the  pioneer  His- 
tory of  Virginia  and  Kentucky.  Louisville,  Ky.  Journal  Job  Printing 
Co.,  1905.  pp.  xiii,  507. 
Of  all  the  Scotch-Irish  genealogies  which  have  been  recently  so  much 
to  the  fore,  this  volume  is  easily  the  largest  and  most  elaborate.  Its 
size  and  contents  are  well  indicated  by  the  title,  and  the  work  of  prep- 
aration and  compilation  seems  to  have  been  done  with  the  care  and 
thoroughness  which  should  characterize  such  a  work. 

It  treats  primarily  of  Michael  Woods,  a  native  of  the  north  of  Ireland 
who  in  1734.  settled  close  under  the  Blue  Ridge,  in  Albemarle  County, 
Virginia;  and  of  James  McAfee,  also  a  Scotch-Irishman,  who  about 
1746,  settled  on  Catawba  Creek,  then  in  Augusta,  and  now  in  Roanoke 
County,  and  of  their  descendants.  No  pains  have  been  spared  to  obtain 
as  far  as  possible,  the  minutest  details  of  the  life  of  the  pioneers,  who 
were  winning  the  great  West,  and  the  various  lines  of  their  descendants. 
as  well  as  of  the  Wallaces,  descended  from  Michael  Woods'  sister  are 
traced  with  the  same  fullne.ss  and  care. 

Valuable  as  the  book  is,  considered  as  a  genealogy,  it  is  of  greater 
value  as  a  contribution  to  the  history  of  the  settlement  of  the  Western 
frontier  of  Virginia,  and  of  Kentucky.  In  17^4,  Michael  Woods  was  the 
most  western  resident  of  what  is  now  Albemarle  County.  This  alone 
makes  him  of  interest.  The  especial  claim  of  the  McAfees  to  eminence  in 
pioneering  history  is  given  in  full  in  the  Chapter  entitled  "Tour  of  the 


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334  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

McAfee  Company  to  Kentucky  in  the  Summer  of  1773,  and  what  it 
meant  for  the  actual  settlement  of  Kentucky."  The  McAfees  appear  to 
have  attempted  the  first  permanent  settlement  in  "  The  Dark  and  Bloody 
Ground." 

The  illustrations  from  photographs  are  especially  interesting. 

They  include  views  of  Wood's  (now  Jarman's)  Gap  ;  the  farm  of 
Michael  Woods  on  James  River  in  Botetourt  Co.;  Cumberland  Gap, 
Waseoto  Gap,  Ky.;  McAfee's  Spring  on  Salt  River,  Ky.;  a  sketch  of 
Boone's  Trace,  near  Pineville,  Ky.;  Kentucky  River  at  the  mouth  of 
Drennon's  Creek  ;  Cumberland  Mountain  near  Cumberland  Gap,  view 
on  the  Cumberland  river,  Kentucky  river  at  its  mouth,  and  other  places 
of  note  in  the  early  westward  movement,  and  along  the  route  to  Ken- 
tucky. 

A  very  important  and  unique  feature  of  The  Woods -McAfee  Mem- 
orial, is  the  series  of  maps,  specially  drawn  for  the  purpose  to  illustrate 
the  settlement  of  the  Western  portion  of  Virginia,  and  early  routes  to  the 
West.  These  are  (i)  Vicinity  of  Charlottesville.  Va.,  showing  sites  of 
houses  of  settlers  between  that  place  and  the  Blue  Ridge;  (2)  Map  of 
Kentucky,  &c.,  to  illustrate  the  homeward  route  of  the  McAfee  Com- 
pany in  August,  1773,  and  also  the  routes  of  the  Walker  (1750),  Gist 
(1751)  and  Boone's  Trace;  (3)  Route  of  the  McAfee  Company,  July- 
Aug.,  1773,  from  Botetourt  Co.,  Va,,  to  Central  Kentucky;  (4)  Map  of 
Long  Hunters  Road.  &c.,  of  the  Wilderness  Road  and  Boone's  Trace  ; 
(5)  Portions  of  Mercer  and  adjoining  counties  in  Kentucky,  illustrating 
the  route  of  the  McAfee  Company;  (6)  Map  of  *'The  Parting  of  the 
Ways,"  near  Draper's  Meadow,  Va.,  with  various  old  roads  and  trails, 
houses,  &c.;  (7)  Map  of  Southwestern  Virginia,  Southeastern  Kentucky 
and  Northeastern  Tennessee,  illustrating  various  expeditions,  routes, 
&c.,  and  the  settlement  of  the  West,  1750- 1800.  These  maps  greatly 
facilitate  the  study  of  the  history  of  the  frontier. 

Dr.  Woods  and  his  collaborators  have  made  a  valuable  addition  to 
liistory  and  genealogy. 

Sons  of  the  Descendants  of  Samlel  (Converse,  Jr.,  of  Thomp- 
son Parish,  Killingly,  Conn.  Major  James  Converse,  Woburn, 
.Mass  ;  Hon.  Denman  Allen,  M.  C,  of  .Vlilton  and  Burlington,  Vt.  • 
Captain  Jonathan  Bixby,  Sr.,  of  Killingly,  Conn.  Compiled  and 
Edited  by  Charles  Allen  Converse,  2  vols.  Eben  Pumam,  Pub- 
lisher, Boston,  Mass.,  pp.  xix,  961.     Copiously  illustrated. 

Rarely  has  there  been  published  a  work  on  American  genealogy  as 
sumptuous  and  beautiful  as  this.  And  what  is  of  much  higher  impor- 
tance the  genealogical  work  contained  in  these  two  handsome  volumes 
shows  evidence  of  the  greatest  skill  and  thoroughness.  No  time  nor 
money  was  evidently  spared  in  obtaining  all  possible  information  in 
regard  to  the  families  treated  in  this  book. 


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BOOK    REVIEWS.  335 

It  is  of  much  more  present  importance  than  a  book  of  ordinary 
jfenealogical  reference,  comprising  a  dull  array  of  names  and  dates ; 
for  the  illustrations  of  American  patriotism  in  it  are  authoritatively 
drawn  from  actual  experience,  and  are  saliently,  vitally  such  as  should 
be  pondered  in  these  changeful,  eventful  times.  Its  study  is  educative. 
Its  encyclopedic  information  is  of  elementary  significance  for  that  stu- 
dent of  American  history  who  would  know,  and  properly  estimate,  the 
spirit  of  true  American  life. 

Its  editoiial  construction  is  dommated  by  thorough  literary  culture, 
judgment,  orderliness,  and  the  possession  of  a  terse,  vigorous,  attrac- 
tive pen.  Scattered  through  its  text  are  pertinent  drawings  and 
portraits.  In  the  regard  of  rine  book  craftsmanship  it  is  a  model. 
Whatever  person  or  library  that  possesses  its  rare  volumes  of  nearly  a 
thousand  pages  is  to  be  congratulated. 

In  the  Appendix  valuable  sketches  are  given  of  a  large  number  of  New 
England  families  connected  with  the  branch  of  the  family  to  which  the 
author  belongs,  including  the  families  of  Edgecombe,  Hawkes,  Smead, 
Bates,  Belden,  VVaite,  Nash,  Stone,  Coleman,  Porter,  Field,  Baldwin, 
Prentis,  Rogers,  Griswold,  Wolcott,  Gilbert,  Lord,  Stanton,  Underwood, 
Bishop,  Perkins,  Bixby,  and  numerous  quotations  from  early  records 
and  from  authentic  printed  sources  concerning  the  militar>'  and  civil 
services  of  nitrmbers  of  these  families,  aie  incorporated  in  these  sketches. 
So  great  has  been  the  intermarriage  of  old  New  England  families  that 
in  these  j)ages  many  of  the  readers  of  this  book  will  undoubtedly  firjd 
details  concerning  maternal  ancestors,  even  if  the  entire  line  of  descent 
does  not  appear.  This  section  of  the  book  makes  it  of  the  utmost  value 
as  a  general  reference  work  of  New  England  genealogy.  Similar  ances- 
tral records  are  inter^•persed  throughout  the  book,  whenever  informa- 
tion regarJing  maternal  ancestry  of  members  of  the  family  was  received. 
The  general  index  contains  approximately  6,5sX)  references  to  individ- 
uals, and  the  index  to  marriages  over  2,000  names  of  persons  married 
to  Converses. 

'In  some  instances  special  research  was  carrie<l  on  in  England  to 
obtain  the  information  desired.  This  was  so  in  the  case  of  the  Con- 
verse family,  the  Edgecombe  and  Stanton  families,  and  in  minor 
degree  of  others. 

In  addition  to  New  England  people  many  Southerners  are  represented. 

The  Anckstry  op  Rosalie  Morris  Ioiinson,  daughter  of  George 
Calvert  Murris  and  Elizabeth  Kuhn,  his  wife.  Compiled  by  R. 
Winder  Johnson.  1905.  Printtrd  for  private  circulation  only  by 
Ferris  &  Leach,  pp.  294. 

This  volume,  which  is  alike  an  admirable  example  of  careful  and 
thorough  genealogical  work  and  handsome  book-making,  is  a  memorial 


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336  VIRGINIA    HISTORCIAL    MAGAZINE. 

to  the  late  wife  of  the  compiler.  Mrs.  Johnson  was  descended  from 
numerous  families  who  from  personal  worth  and  public  service  have 
ranked  among  America's  best. 

Brown,  of  Northampton  county,  Virginia  ;  Carrington  of  Barbadoes; 
Calvert,  of  Maryland;  the  distinguished  Pennsylvania  families  of  Franks, 
Hamilton,  Moore,  Morris,  Shippen,  and  Willing  are  a  few  of  the  numer- 
ous names  treated  of.  As  will  be  seen  from  this  list,  there  is  much 
matter  of  special  interest  to  Virginians. 

Researches  have  been  made  in  England,  Belgium,  Holland,  Germany, 
the  West  Indies  and  the  United  States  to  obtain  the  results  set  forth. 

A  large  number  of  letters,  diaries,  etc.,  give  an  unusual  amount  of 
human  interest  to  the  various  genealogical  narratives. 

History  of  Nathaniel  Evans  and  his  Descendants  By  James 
Daniel  Evans  of  the  Philadelphia  Bar  ;/.  p.  n.  d.  [1905]  pp.  viii,  98, 
IV.     Illustrated  with  portraits,  arms,  etc. 

This  is  a  carefully  prepared  account  of  Nathaniel  Evans,  a  Welshman, 
who  settled  in  South  Carolina  about  1736,  and  of  his  descendants,  who 
have  included  a  number  of  people  of  prominence. 

There  are  also  notices,  of  greater  or  less  extent,  of  the  South  Caro- 
lina families  of  Godbold.  Gregg,  McCoUum,  Gary,  Witherspoon,  etc., 
and  of  various  Virginia  families  connected  with  that  of  Evans. 

The  book  is  handsomely  pnnted  and  well  illustrated,  and  is  an  excel- 
lent example  of  family  history.    The  index  is  full. 

The  only  criticism  to  be  made  in  regard  to  this  volume,  and  one  that 
might  include  many  others,  is  the  practice  of  illustrating  with  engrav- 
ings of  coats  of  arms  where  there  is  no  positive  proof  that  the  families 
ever  used  or  were  entitled  to  them. 


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PROCEEDINGS 


Virginia  Historical  Society 


AT   ITS 


ANNUAL  MEETING 


HELD    IN    THE 


Y.  M.  C.  A.  HALL,  JANUARY  4th,  1906 


J    '^wu, 


WITH   THE 


LIST  OF  OFFICERS  AND  MEMBERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 


RICHMOND: 

WM.  ELLIS   JONES,  BOOK    AND   JOB    PRINTER. 
1906. 


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PROCEEDINGS 


OF  THE 


Virginia  Historical  Society 


IN 


Annual  Meeting  heid  January  ^,  igo6. 


The  annual  meeting  was  held  in  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  Hall — a  large  audience  being  present. 

President  W.  Gordon  McCabe  called  the  meeting  to  order  at 
8.15  P.  M.,  and  stated  that  in  order  to  expedite  business,  unless 
there  was  objection,  he  would  appoint  a  Nominating  Committee, 
who  would  be  asked  to  retire  in  consultation  at  once,  and  to 
report  after  the  address  of  the  evening. 

He  appointed  as  members  of  this  committee,  Messrs.  Robert  B. 
Munford,  Jr.,  Wm.  Ellis  Jones  and  W.  Clayton  Torrence. 

The  President  then  read  the  annual  report. 

The  President's  Report. 

To  the  Members  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  : 

I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report,  giving 
in  detail  the  work  of  the  Society  and  presenting  a  precise 
statement  of  its  condition  as  to  its  finances,  membership  and 
property  for  the  year  ending  November  12th,  1905 — which 
report  has  been  carefully  e.xamined,  verified  and  unanimously 
approved  by  your  Executive  Committee. 


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IV  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Membership. 


During  the  current  year,  the  increase  in  membership  has 
been  most  gratifying,  our  rolls  showing  753  members  as 
against  729  at  the  time  of  the  last  annual  report.  The  usual 
average  of  accessions  to  membership  (from  60  to  65)  has  been 
more  than  maintained,  while  our  losses  through  resignation, 
death  and  dropping  for  persistent  non-payment  of  dues  have 
fallen  from  66  to  47. 

This  encouraging  result  amply  vindicates  the  drastic  ac- 
tion taken  by  your  Executive  Committee  last  year  in  purging 
the  rolls  of  such  delinquents  as  persisted  after  repeated  warnings 
in  ignoring  the  courteous  reminders  of  indebtedness  sent  them 
by  the  Secretary. 

But  while  the  great  majority  of  our  members  have  paid 
their  dues  with  commendable  promptness,  there  are  still  some 
who,  through  culpapble  carelessness  or  lack  of  a  becoming 
sense  of  obligation,  remain  deaf  to  all  appeals. 

The  Society,  as  was  pointed  out  in  the  last  report,  is 
almost  entirely  dependent  for  support  upon  the  annual  dues  of 
its  members,  its  expenses  for  maintaining  the  SocietyHouse,  for 
publication,  salaries,  etc.,  necessarily  heavy,  yet  these  delin- 
quents, knowing  all  this,  go  on  complacently  receiving  the 
valuable  publications  of  the  Society,  which,  they  must  be  quite 
aware,  are  being  paid  for  by  their  more  conscientious  fellow- 
members. 

The  Excutive  Committee  has  therefore  decided  to  give 
these  few  delinquents  until  the  15th  of  January,  1906,  to  pay 
up  their  dues,  and  in  the  event  of  their  failure  to  do  so  to  drop 
them  from  the  rolls. 

Members  can,  of  course,  resign  at  any  time,  but  they  must 
bear  in  mind  that  dues  run  up  to  the  date  of  resignation.  Such 
is  the  invariable  rule  in  all  reputable  societies  of  a  kindred 
nature.  It  may  be  pertinent  to  mention  here,  as  indicative  of 
the  constantly  increasing  interest  felt  in  the  aims  and  purposes 
of  the  Society,  that  of  our  new  members  twenty-two  sent  in 
their  applications  during  the  last  two  months. 

It  is  the  pleasing  duty  of  your  Committee  to  state  that 
the  finances  of  the  Society  are  in  a  tlioroughly  sound  and  satis- 


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PROCEEDINGS.  V 

factory  condition,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  subjoined  report  of 
our  accurate  and  zealous  Treasurer. 

Treasurer's  Report. 

Balance  on  hand  November  12,  1904 $     264  48 

Receipts. 

Annual  dues 13,052.28 

Life  members 100  00 

Magazines  (sales) 197  28 

Publications  (sales) 79  10 

Interest 228  00 

Advtfrtisements  (in  Magazine) 1 12  25 

Gift  of  Byam  K.  Stevens,  Esq 50  00 

Miscellaneous  sources 1 2  00 

3.830  91 

4,095  39 
Expenditures 

General  expenses {360  45 

Stationery,  binding,  and  new  books 55  45 

Postage — express  and  stamps 94  72 

Insurance   . .   60  00 

Printing  Magazine,  etc 1.035  10 

Salaries 1,650  00 

Wages 240  00 

Permanent  fund 455  60 

3.951  32 

Balance  in  bank  November  1 1,  1905  {    144  07 

The  Treasurer  holds,  in  addition,  on  account  of  the  **  Per- 
manent Fund  "  3 %  bank  certificate 455  60 

Virginia  3  %  Century  bond 100  00 

Mortgage,  running  3  years  at  5%  from  May  4,  1904 4,500  00 

I5.055  60 

It  is  gratifying  to  note  that  our  '*  Permanent  Fund  " 
has  now  passed  the  $5,000  mark,  and  worthy  of  mention  that  with 
the  exception  of  $50,  given  this  year  by  our  staunch  and  gen- 
erous friend,  Byam  K.  Stevens,  Esq.,  of  New  York,  and  of 
$100  given  several  years  ago  by  the  '*  Daughters  of  the  Amer- 
ican Revolution,"  no  part  of  our  endowment  has  been  derived 
from  donations.  The  interest  from  this  "Permanent  Fund" 
is  used  for  the  current  expenses  of  the  Society. 


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VI  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

The  receipts  for  the  current  year,  as  will  be  seen  on  com- 
paring the  above  statement  with  that  last  submitted,  have  been 
less  than  in  1904.  This  has  been  due  in  chief  measure  to  the 
unusually  large  loss  of  members  from  death  in  1904,  the  effects 
of  which  show,  for  the  first  time,  in  decreased  annual  dues  of  this 
Report.  Another  reason  is  to  be  found  in  the  fact  that  during 
a  limited  period  of  the  last  year  your  Committee,  with  the  view  of 
adding  to  the  **  Permanent  Fund,"  offered  special  inducements 
to  secure  **  Life  Members. "  In  accordance  with  the  *  *  bye-laws  *' 
of  the  Society,  all  fees  from  Life  Membership  are  turned  over  to  the 
*'  Permanent  Fund,"  and  thus  this  Fund  was  increased  by  these 
fees  several  hundred  dollars  above  the  normal,  which  corres- 
pondingly swelled  the  receipts  for  1904.  The  difference  in  re- 
ceipts between  this  year  and  last  is  however  materially  counter- 
balanced by  the  decrease  in  expenditures,  our  disbursements 
for  1905  being  $267.42  less  than  in  1904. 

Additions  to  the  Library. 

The  acqui.iitions  made  by  the  Library  during  the  year  consist 
of  1,173  books  and  pamphlets.  Among  the  donors  of  books 
and  objects  of  historical  interest,  to  whom  the  Society  owes 
grateful  acknowledgement,  may  be  mentioned:  Messrs  Philip  L. 
Schuyler,  Chiis.  H.  Hart,  Dunbar  Rowland,  C.  Ellis  Stevens, 
Prof  J.  A.  C.  Chandler,  Maryus  Jones,  Edward  Wilson  James, 
Howard  R.  Bayne,  William  Wallace  Tooker,  Byam  K.  Stevens, 
John  Cropper,  Ro.  B.  Munford,  Jr.,  Heth  Lorton,  W.  R.  Gerard, 
W.  G.  Stanard,  John  F.  Mayer,  Burrows  Bros.  Co.,  Hon.  Arm- 
stead  C.  Gordon,  Judge  W.  J.  Leake.  Lt.  Col.  Jno.  P.  Nicholson, 
Maj.  General  Wm.  Birney,  Mrs  Julia  M.  Pratt,  Mrs.  Margaret 
E.  Crenshaw,  Mrs.  C.  Hodges,  {nee  Crenshaw),  Mrs.  Frank  W. 
Chamberlayne,  Mrs.  Phillips,  Mrs  J.  B.  Newton,  Mrs.  J.  Jack- 
son. Mrs.  James  Pleasants,  Miss  Minnie  Baughman  and  Miss 
Grace  V.  Bicknell. 

Of  special  interest  and  value  have  been  the  donations  of  Mrs. 
James  Pleasants  and  Mr.  Ro.  B.  Munford,  Jr.,  both  of  Rich- 
mond, of  Edward  Wilson  James,  Esq.,  of  Norfolk,  and  of  Mrs. 
Margaret  C  Hodges  of  German  town.  Penn. 

Mrs.  Pleasants  has  given  us  a  very  large  number  of  the 
older  English  and  American  Magazines  and  Reviews,  thusenab- 


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PROCEEDINGS.  Vll 

ling  US  in  several  instances  to  complete  our  sets;  and  has  also 
donated  an  almost  complete  set  of  Skinner's  rare  **  American 
Turf  Register,"  besides  many  other  interesting  books  and 
pamphlets. 

Messrs.  James  and  Munford  have  also  given  substantial 
proof  of  their  keen  interest  in  the  Society  by  donations  of  valu- 
able books,  while  Mrs.  Hodges  has  given  us  (through  Mr.  C.  A. 
Robinson)  two  bound  volumes  of  the  very  rare  *' Richmond 
Argus"  (newspaper)  for  1809  and  1810. 

As  during  the  preceding  year,  the  work  of  arranging  col- 
lecting and  binding  our  pamphlets  and  collection  of  serial 
publications  issued  by  various  historical,  antiquarian  and  geneal- 
ogical societies,  has  gone  steadily  forward,  and  complete  sets  of 
these,  arranged  in  order  in  a  separate  room  of  the  Society 
House  and  thus  easily  accessible,  now  constitute  a  collection  of 
documents  of  the  highest  moment  to  historical  students  and 
antiquarians.  In  addition  to  the  bound  volunies  of  this  collec- 
tion, we  have  97  binding-cases  containing  pamphlets  which  have 
been  deemed  worthy  of  preservation. 

The  Library  has  been  open  to  members  and  visitors  from 
9  A.  M.  to  5  P.  M.  every  day  throughout  the  year  (save  on 
Sundays  and  legal  holidays),  and  has  been  used  by  a  large 
number  of  readers  and  students,  who  are  always  welcomed 
heartily  to  the  Society  House  by  our  courteous  Secretary  and 
his  assistant. 

During  the  past  year,  our  expert  copyist,  having  finished  the 
transcripts  of  the  somewhat  confused  "  Executive  Journals  "  of 
the  Colonial  Councils  from  1738  to  1763,  and  having  arranged 
them  chronologically  for  future  publication,  has  made  substantial 
progress  in  transcribing  five  Revolutionary  *' Order  Books," 
belonging  to  our  MS  collection.  These  **  Order  Books,"  often 
in  the  handwriting  of  illiterate  "Orderly  Sergeants,"  have 
been  in  many  cases  most  difficult  to  decipher,  but  our  copyist  is 
an  expert  and  the  work  is  being  done  in  very  satisfactory  and 
intelligent  fashion. 

It  is  pertinent,  just  here,  to  make  mention  of  the  auspi- 
cious beginning  of  the  publication  of  the  "Journals  of  the  House 
of  Burgesses,"  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Library  Board. 
The  volume  for  1773-75  has  been  issued  under  the  editorship  of 


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Vlll  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

John  P.  Kennedy,  Elsq.,  State  Librarian,  and  is  not  only  most 
attractive  to  the  bibliophile  as  a  beautiful  piece  of  book-making, 
but  reflects  the  highest  credit  on  its  editor  for  the  taste,  learning 
and  discretion  displayed  in  the  annotations. 

The  hope  expressed  in  the  last  annual  report  that  the 
''Minutes  of  the  General  Court  and  Council  of  Virginia, 
1623-1632,"  as  well  as  the  many  valuable  unpublished  letters 
and  proclamations  of  that  period  relating  to  Virginia,  now  in  the 
Congressional  Library  at  Washington,  might  soon  be  issued 
by  the  Government  in  book  form,  is,  we  are  glad  to  say,  destined 
to  be  speedily  realized. 

**The  Minutes  of  the  London  Company"  will  appear  first, 
to  be  followed  soon  by  the  priceless  documents  named  above, 
supplemented  by  contemporaneous  records  taken  from  Eng- 
lish sources. 

Your  Committee  begs  again  to  call  the  attention  of  the 
members  of  the  Society  and  of  our  Senators  and  Representatives 
in  Congress  to  the  bill  which  will  be  offered  at  this  session  of 
the  national  legislature,  providing  for  the  establishment  of  a 
**  United  States  Record  Commission,"  similar  to  the  commis- 
sions long  established  in  England,  France  and  other  European 
countries,  having  for  its  aim  the  systematic  investigation  of 
foreign  and  state  archives  and  cognate  records  dealing  with  the 
early  exploration,  colonization  and  subsequent  development  of 
our  country — these  investigations  to  be  ultimately  published  by 
the  Government  in  such  shape  as  to  be  easily  accessible  to 
historical  studenfs.  The  importance  of  such  a  commission  was 
dwelt  upon  in  our  last  annual  report  and  is  too  obvious  to  need 
further  argument. 

Gifts  and  Loans. 

Among  gifts  and  loans,  other  than  those  of  books  and 
pamphlets,  the  following  are  worthy  of  special  mention  : 

Mrs.  Frank  W.  Chamberlayne,  of  Richmond,  has  made 
a  loan  of  the  oil  portrait  of  William  Dandridge.  It  cannot,  at 
present,  be  definitively  stated  whether  the  portrait  is  that  of 
Captain  William  Dandridge,  R.  N.,  or  of  his  son,  who  bore  the 
same  name,  but  the  probabilities  are  that  it  is  of  the  former. 
The  same  lady  has  also  loaned  the  Society  a  handsome  sword, 


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PROCEEDINGS.  IX 

bearing  on  its  blade  the  date  '*  April,  1738."  This  sword  was 
presented  to  Captain  William  Dandridge  by  His  Grace,  John, 
Duke  of  Montague,  who  was  First  Lord  of  the  Admirality  at  the 
time  that  William  Dandridge  was  a  Captain  in  the  Royal  Navy. 

One  of  the  greatest  attractions  of  the  Society  House  is  the 
large  collection  of  original  portraits  of  the  Boiling  family,  kindly 
loaned  by  Richard  Boiling,  Esq.,  of  this  city.  To  this  collection, 
the  same  public-spirited  gentleman  has  this  year  added  the 
portrait  in  oils  of  Elizabeth  Boiling,  wife  of  William  Gay,  Esq: 

Our  sister  organization,  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society, 
has  generously  sent  us  two  large  sets  of  photographs  of  the 
Virginia  Senate,  and  House  of  Delegates  of  the  Session  of  1857- 
58.  These  are  of  much  greater  moment  than  may  appear  at 
first  sight,  for  among  them  are  the  "presentments,"  not  extant 
elsewhere,  of  not  a  few  of  the  chief  actors  in  the  great  drama 
of  the  War  between  the  States. 

Judge  W.  J.  Leake  has  given  the  Society  two  MS  books 
of  decidedly  unique  value,  one — the  memorandum-book  of 
Duncan  Rose,  merchant  in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  1770—71,  giv- 
ing the  prices  of  all  sorts  of  commodities  -the  other,  the  diary 
of  a  peddler,  who  journeyed  on  foot  through  Virginia  in  1807  and 
1808. 

Mrs.  Phillips  sends  us  as  a  loan  a  most  interesting  relic — 
a  certificate  as  to  good  character  and  reputable  standing,  given  to 
Antoine  Trabue,  ancestor  of  a  well-known  Huguenot  family  of 
that  name  in  this  State,  by  Jean  Combe,  his  pastor  at  Montauban, 
France,  in  1688. 

It  is  not  improbable  that  many  such  certificates  were  given 
by  French  pastors  to  members  of  their  flocks  about  to  emigrate 
after  the  **  Revocation"  in  1685,  but,  so  far  as  we  know,  this  is 
the  only  one  extant — at  least  in  this  State. 

Noteworthy  also  are  the  gifts  of  a  photograph  of  **  Eastern 
Shore  Chapel,"  Princess  Anne  Co.,  Virginia,  (built  1754),  from 
Edward  Wilson  James,  Esq.,  a  member  of  this  Committee — of 
two  clay  roofing-tiles  of  colonial  date  and  make,  taken  from  the 
ruins  of  *'  Warner  Hall,"  in  Gloucester,  and  presented  by  A.  C. 
Withers,  Esq.,  of  that  county  through  St.  George  T.  C. 
Bryan,  Sr.,  Esq.  ;ofa  cannon-ball  from  a  Revolutionary  battle-field, 
given  by  Mrs.  Julia  Snead  of  Fork  Union,  Virginia;  of  a  very 


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X  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

quaint  round  travellings-trunk  of  about  the  year  1800,  from  Wil- 
liam L.  Sheppard,  Esq.;  of  a  photogragti  of  Hayes-Barton, 
Devon,  England,  birth  place  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  from  W'lU 
liam  G.  Stanard,  Esq. ;  of  a  framed  collection  of  photographs  of 
Brington  church,  Northamptonshire,  England,  of  the  Washing- 
ton tombs  in  the  church  (with  copies  of  the  epitaphs),  and  of  the 
Washington  house  at  Brington,  the  gift  of  Miss  Katherine 
Stiles ;  of  a  large  number  of  Confederate  treasury-notes 
of  various  denominations  from  Capt.  Jno.  F.  Mayer,  who 
has  also  given  a  large  contemporary  lithograph  of  "Libby 
Prison"  during  the  war;  of  several  interesting  MSS  from  Robert 
B.  Munford,  Jr.,  Esq.;  of  an  engraved  portrait  of  "James,"  a 
negro,  who  for  loyal  services  during  the  Revolution  was  given 
his  freedom  by  the  State  of  Virginia.  Accompanying  this  en- 
graving is  SL  /aC'Stmt/e  of  General  Lafayette's  certificate  as  to  the 
high  character  of  the  colored  patriot — both  of  them  the  gift  of 
Mrs.  J.  Jackson  of  Macon,  Georgia;  of  a  photograph  of  the 
original  portrait  of  George  Sandys  at  Omsbersley  Court,  Eng- 
land, presented  by  Messrs.  Burrows  Brothers  of  Cleveland,  Ohio; 
and  of  several  articles  of  minor  historical  interest  donated  by 
George  A.  Barksdale,  Esq.,  Dr.  J.  L.  Miller  and  others. 

To  all  of  these  generous  patrons,  the  Society  desires  to  make 
its  most  grateful  acknowledgments. 

It  may  be  stated  here  that  the  collection  of  portraits,  prints 
and  photographs  and  the  cab^inets  of  relics  in  the  Society  House 
have  been,  as  heretofore,  constantly  drawn  upon  by  artists  en- 
gaged in  illustrating  historical  works. 

Publication  Committee. 

The  Magazine  has  steadily  adhered  to  its  settled  policy  of 
printing  only  original  "first-hand"  documents.  In  the  very 
rare  cases  where  deviation  has  been  made,  it  has  been  done  for 
some  reason,  that,  after  careful  consideration,  has  been  deemed 
of  sufficient  weight  to  warrant  the  exception.  As  many  of  you 
are  aware,  this  purpose,  to  publish  only  original  material  bear- 
ing on  the  history  of  Virginia,  has  characterized  the  conduct  of 
the  Society  from  its  establishment  more  than  seventy  years  ago, 
and  has  given  to  its  publications  a  value  that  has  amply  vindi- 
cated the  course  pursued. 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XI 

Some  of  its  earlier  work  consisted  in  having  hitherto  unpub- 
lished documents  printed  in  the  pages  of  the  "Southern  Liter- 
ary Messenger,"  at  that  time  one  of  the  most  conspicuous  mag- 
azines in  our  periodical  literature.  Then  followed  from  1848  to 
1853  (inclusive)  its  own  publication,  The  Virginia  Historical 
Register,  edited  with  marked  ability  by  that  scholarly  antiqua- 
rian, William  Maxwell,  Esq. ,  and  made  up  in  chief  measure  of  orig- 
inal colonial  papers.  These  six  volumes  of  the  Register  are  now 
regarded  as  of  "first-hand**  authority  and  importance,  as  many 
of  the  originals  of  the  documents  printed  have  been  lost  or  de- 
stroyed by  fire.  From  1854  to  i860,  at  intervals,  appeared,  as 
successor  to  the  Register,  the  Virginia  Reporter,  which  com- 
prises among  much  matter  of  prime  moment,  Grigsby's  Vir- 
ginia Convention  of  i82g-^^o.  Of  course,  nothing  was.  done 
during  the  four  years  of  war,  nor  for  some  years  after,  owing  to 
the  poverty  of  our  people.  But  from  1882  to  1892  the  Society 
published  eleven  volumes  of  its  Collections,  which  compelled 
the  attention  of  historical  students  at  home  and  abroad,  and 
confirmed  the  Society's  place  in  the  first  rank  of  kindred  organi- 
zations. 

Since  that  time,  our  Magazine,  which  has  printed  nearly  4,000 
pages  of  hitherto  unpublished  historical  documents,  has  worthily 
carried  out,  under  the  able  editorship  of  our  Secretary,  the  pur- 
poses of  the  founders  of  the  Society,  and  to-day  we  may  claim, 
without  undue  immodesty,  ranks  with  the  foremost  periodicals 
of  its  kind  either  at  home  or  abroad. 

The  conclusive  proof  of  the  value  of  the  documentary  matter 
thus  published  is  found  in  the  significant  fact,  that  no  historical 
work,  treating  in  whole  or  in  part  of  Virginia  history,  that  has 
appeared  within  the  last  fifty  years,  fails  to  quote  and  make 
generous  use  of  the  material  made  accessible  to  students  solely 
through  the  publications  of  the  Society. 

Your  Committee  has  requested  one  o\  its  members  to  write 
a  detailed  history  of  the  Society  and  this  gentleman  has  con- 
sented to  do  so. 

During  the  current  year,  the  work  of  the  Magazine  has  related 
largely  to  a  subject,  which  the  historians  of  the  colony  have 
either  ignored  through  lack  of  precise  data,  or  at  best  barely 
touched  upon,  yet  a  matter  of  prime  importance — namely,  the 


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Xll  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

persistent  determination  of  the  colonists  to  extend  their  West- 
ern frontier  despite  the  measures  taken  by  the  home  government 
to  restrict  expansion  in  that  direction. 

The  *'  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspon- 
dence," completed  during  the  year,  deals  at  considerable  length 
and  in  most  interesting  fashion  with  these  strenous  efforts  made 
by  the  colonists  during  1769-71,  to  push  their  boundaries  to  the 
Southwest  and  to  confirm  that  extension  by  permanent  settle- 
ments. 

The  completion  during  the  year  of  the  "  Diaries  of  the  Morav- 
ian Missionaries,"  describing  the  ministerial  visits  of  these  godly 
men  through  the  western  portion  of  Virginia  from  1747  to  1753, 
demands  renewed  expression  of  high  commendation  for  the 
erudite  labors  of  Rev.  W.  J.  Hinke,  of  Philadelphia,  and 
Charles  E.  Kemper,  Esq.,  of  Washington,  D.  C,  who,  in  con- 
junction, translated  these  "  Diaries"  from  tl)e  German  originals 
at  Bethlehem, Pa. 

Admirably  translated  and  annotated  with  scholarly  precision^ 
these  "  Diaries."  the  earliest  contemporary  records  of  travel 
through  the  Valley  region,  not  only  emphasize  the  great  impor- 
tance of  the  German  element  in  the  settlement  of  Virginia,  but 
constitute  a  veritable  mine  of  information  Tor  all  students  of  the 
early  history  of  our  Western  border. 

In  the  April  (1905)  number  of  the  Magazine  began  the  pub- 
lication of  every  entry  in  the  "Council  Journals,  1721-3^"  re- 
ferring to  the  Western  portion  of  the  colony  and  to  colonial  re- 
lations with  the  Indians. 

These  extracts  are  edited  by  Charles  E.Kemper,  Esq.,  with  a 
wealth  of  intimate  local  knowledge  and  an  enthusiasm  for  his 
subject,  which  could  only  be  found  in  one  born  and  bred  "a 
Virginian  of  the  Valley." 

These  entries  will,  it  is  expected,  be  concluded  in  the  April 
number  for  1906,  and,  when  finished,  must  prove  the  definitive 
foundation  for  any  full  and  accurate  history  of  that  great  section 
of  the  Commonwealth. 

We  have  also  published  a  series  of  papers,  copied  from  the 
originals  in  the  British  Public  Records  Ofllice,  dealing  with  the 
relations  between  Virginia  and  the  Cherokees  in  1769,  together 
with  the  very  interesting  Journal  of  the  "Virginia  Commission- 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XUl 

ers,'*  who  represented  the  colony  in  the  preliminary  negotia- 
tions with  the  Six  Nations  and  in  the  resulting  treaty  made  with 
them  at  Logg's  Town  in  1752. 

In  our  forthcoming  January  number,  will  be  concluded  the 
translation  of  the  **  Vestry-Book  of  King  William  Parish"  (the 
Huguenot  settlement  on  the  James),  1 709-1 750. 

Admirably  translated  from  the  quaint  French  of  the  time  and 
annotated  with  apposite  learning  by  Prof.  R.  H.  Fife,  of  Wes- 
leyan  University,  Connecticut,  a  member  of  the  Society,  this 
Vestry-Book  will  be  carefully  indexed  by  the  accomplished 
translator  and  issued  by  the  Society  during  the  coming  year  in  an 
edition  limited  to  200  copies. 

Lothrop  Withington,  Esq.,  of  London,  to  whom  the  Society 
already  owes  a  heavy  debt  of  gratitude  for  repeated  services, 
has  continued  his  very  valuable  "Gleanings"  from  English 
wills,  derived  from  his  own  personal  investigations  and  those  of 
Henry  F.  Waters,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

These  abstracts  of  such  wills  as  in  any  way  refer  to  Virginia 
and  Virginia  colonists,  have  already  afforded  a  notable  fund  of 
precise  information  touching  the  social  condition  of  the  early 
settlers  and  regarding  the  localities  in  the  **  old  country  "  from 
which  they  emigrated,  and  are  of  prime  importance,  not  merely 
to  the  trained  genealogist,  but  to  the  social  and  economic  his- 
torian as  well. 

Even  the  general  reader  may  gather  some  suggestive  results 
from  a  casual  perusal  of  them.  Taking  at  random  a  hundred  in- 
dividuals, whose  British  homes  are  given  as  well  as  the  social 
class  to  which  they  or  their  kinsmen  belonged,  we  find,  of  this 
number  44  Londoners,  i  Scotchman,  4  Irishmen,  while  the  re- 
maining 51  are  from  26  different  towns  and  counties  in  England. 

As  regards  social  status,  we  find  one  of  noble  birth,  22  be- 
longing to  the  gentry,  10  clergymen,  10  merchants.  29  divided 
among  various  business  avocations  and  handicrafts,  and  the 
remaining  28  undistinguishable. 

It  is  not,  of  course,  to  be  understood  that  this  proportion  will 
hold  good  for  the  whole  body  of  Virginia  colonists,  for,  apait 
from  the  fact  that  more  wills  of  Londoners  are  recorded  in  the 
Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury  (the  chief  source  of  these 
**  Gleanings")  than  are  likely  to  be  found  elsewhere,  it  must  be 


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XIV  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

borne  in  mind  that  the  poorer  classes  made  no  wills,  and  that 
naturally  the  names  of  small  yeoman,  mechanics,  laborers  and 
servants  are  not  to  be  found  among  probate  records. 

There  has  been  much  other  matter  of  substantial  value  and 
interest  published  in  the  Magazine — notably  the  **  Legislative 
Papers,"  of  which  two  instalments  were  printed  during  the 
year.  These  papers  consist  of  documents  of  all  sorts — letters, 
petitions,  reports  and  intercepted  communications,  which  were 
sent  directly  to  the  Virginia  legislature,  or  conmiunicated  to 
that  body  by  the  Governor, 

We  have  caused  careful  copies  to  be  made  from  the  originals 
in  the  State  Archives,  containing  a  great  amount  of  valuable 
matter  for  the  years  1 774-1 776  (inclusive),  and  propose  to  con- 
tinue the  series  throughout  the  coming  year. 

The  mention  of  the  State  Archives  makes  this  an  opportune 
place  to  acknowledge  the  unvarying  courtesy  and  consideration 
shown  to  the  officers  of  the  Society  and  especially  to  our  copyist 
by  the  State  Librarian,  John  P.  Kennedy,  Esq.,  and  his  staff. 

Another  important  |)ublication  projected  for  1906  is  the  printing 
in  full  in  the  Magazine  of  the  "Journals  of  the  Executive  Coun- 
cil of  Virginia."  covering  (though  not  cjinpletely)  the  period 
from  1738  to  1763.  The  only  remaining  records  of  these  sessions 
of  the  Council  (as  Executive'i  originally  consisted  of  a  number  of 
small  volumes,  in  sheets  and  unbound,  but  which  were  finally 
bound  up  at  some  indeterminate  period  since  the  Revolution  in 
several  large  volumes,  not  observing,  however,  the  proper 
sequence,  and.  through  carelessness  or  ignorance  on  the  part 
of  their  custodians,  including  papers  dealing  with  extraneous 
subjects. 

Some  of  the.se  '  'Journals' '  are  only  rough  drafts  of  minutes  with 
omissions,  while  others  are  full  and  fair  records  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Council. 

Accurate  copies  have  been  made  of  all  these,  and  the  trans- 
cripts, arranged  in  chronological  sequence,  will  be  published  in 
full. 

The  chief  .significance  of  the  earliest  of  these  is  that  they  con- 
stitute a  continuation  of  the  history  of  the  Westward  extension 
of  the  colony,  taking  up  the  subject,  after  a  gap  of  four  years, 
where  the  serir»s  of  extracts,  now  being  published,  leaves  it  off 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XV 

Later  on,  they  deal  with  the  war  between  England  and  Spain 
and  the  part  taken  by  Virginia  in  the  expedition  under  Vernon 
against  Carthagena — then  with  what  used  to  be  styled  *'King 
George's  War,"  followed  by  the  minutes  relating  to  the  '*  French 
and  Indian  War." 

As  will  be  seen  from  this  brief  risume,  these  "Journals" 
cover  a  very  important  period  in  our  history,  yet  they  have 
never  been  published.  They  will,  of  course,  be  carefully  anno- 
tated and  edited.  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Esq.,  having  kindly  con- 
sented to  elucidate  by  notes  all  references  to  the  Western  bor- 
der and  to  the  Indians. 

A  long  and  important  article  in  the  January  (1906)  number 
of  the  Magazine  will  be  practically  unpublished  matter,  though, 
in  fact,  a  reprint  of  a  very  rare  pamphlet  belonging  to  the 
Society's  collections. 

This  pamphlet,  printed  at  Williamsburg  by  order  of  Governor 
Dinwiddle,  gives  a  very  full  account  (including  instructions, 
letters,  journals  and  treaty -texts)  of  the  treaties  made  between 
the  colony  and  the  Catawbas  and  Cherokees  in  1756,  the  object 
of  that  treaty  being,  of  course,  to  secure  to  the  colonists  the  aid 
of  these  tribes  against  the  French  and  their  Indian  allies.  The 
extreme  rarity  and  importance  of  the  pamphlet  have  seemed 
to  the  "  Publication  Committee"    to  justify  its  being  reprinted. 

Of  other  original  matter  of  importance  awaiting  publication 
in  due  time  in  the  Magazine,  mention  may  be  made  of  the 
following  :  (i)  Abstracts  and  copies  of  records  relating  to  Vir- 
ginia, made  from  the  originals  in  the  British  Public  Records 
Office  ;  (2)  the  *'  Randolph  MSS,"  containing  most  valuable 
17th  century  material  ;  (3)  copies  of  early  Virginia  records  from 
the  originals  in  the  Congressional  Library  ;  (4)  a  collection  of 
proclamations  of  the  later  colonial  Governors,  transcribed  from 
the  State  Archives  ;  (5)  the  Corbin,  Ludwell,  Campbell,  Massie 
and  Lee  MSS.,  all  belonging  to  the  Society's  collections. 

Still  another  set  of  documents,  that  will  appeal  to  patriotic 
interest  everywhere,  is  a  series  of  small  MS.  volumi^s  containing 
brigade  and  regimental  orders  issued  to  the  main  army  under 
Washington  at  Valley  F'orge  and  elsewhere  during  the  cam- 
paigns of  1778  and  1779.  These  order-books,  which  were  given 
to  the  Society   many   years  ago   by   the  heirs  of  Col.  Charles 


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XVI  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

Dabney  of  the  Virginia  Line,  and  which  afford  a  vivid  and.  at 
times,  a  somewhat  startling  picture  of  the  life  of  the  Revolution- 
ary soldier,  and  of  the  discipline  or,  rather,  lack  of  discipline, 
prevailing  at  the  time  in  the  Continental  army,  we  propose  to 
begin  publishing  during  the  coming  year. 

The  few  students  who  have  given  them  close  examination  are 
unanimous  in  pronouncing  them  of  the  highest  historical  pith 
and  interest. 

Deaths. 

The  following  members  have  died  during  the  past  year 
(1905): 

Life  Members. 

Hon'l  Benjamin  Blake  Minor,  L  L.  D.,  of  Richmond,  Va. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Annual  Members. 

R.  H.  Cunningham,  Henders')n,  Kentucky. 

G.  F.  Edwards,  Portsmouth,  Virginia 

Major-General  Fitzhugh  Lee,  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

Mrs.  Thos.  L.  Moore,  Richmond,  Virginia. 

Major,  E.  T.  D.  Mvers,  Richmond,  Virginia. 

J.  A    Patteson.  New  York  City. 

W.  B.  Saunders,  Philadelphia,  Penn. 

Prof.  Charles  W.  Shields,  Princeton  University,  N.  J. 

Alexander  Tunstall,  M.  D.,  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

In  the  death  of  the  Honorable  Benj.  Blake  Minor,  we  mourn 
the  loss  of  the  last  surviver  of  the  devoted  little  band  of  schol- 
ars and  antiquarians,  who  in  1847  re-organized  this  Society, 
then  in  a  moribund  condition,  and  who  by  unremitting  zeal  and 
energy  restored  it  to  its  former  high  position  among  kindred 
associations. 

Sprung  of  a  long  line  of  colonial  and  Revolutionary  patriots, 
his  loyalty  to  his  state  wa^  m  irked  by  that  note  of  personal  de- 
votion that  chiracterlzed  the  men  and  women  of  Virginia  of 
his  generation. 

Educated  in  chief  measure  at  the  University  of  Virginia, 
wh^re  he  graduated  in  a  number  of  "schools."  and  at  William 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XVll 

and  Mary  College,  where,  before  he  was  of  age,  he  took  his 
degree  in  law  under  Judge  Beverly  Tucker,  he  begun  in  1840 
the  pratice  of  law.  But  his  love  of  letters  was  greater  than  that 
for  the  **  jealous  mistress"  he  had  chosen,  and  in  1843  he  pur- 
chased The  Southern  Literary  Messenger,  which  he  edited  for 
more  than  four  years.  This  responsible  position  he  finally  re- 
linquished for  educational  work,  in  which  he  had  become  greatly 
interested  and,  after  filling  various  positions  in  that  field,  was 
elected  in  i860  President  of  the  University  of  Missouri.  There 
his  tenure  of  office  was  brief,  the  Federal  military  authorities 
closing  that  institution  in  March,  1862,  because  of  the  pro- 
nounced '*  Southern  Sympathies"  of  the  President  and  Fac- 
ulty. 

Again  Prof.  Minor  went  back  to  school  work,  meanwhile  a 
chieving  marked  success  throughout  the  South  and  West  as  a 
popular  lecturer  t)n  scientific  and  Biblical  subjects. 

While  practicing  law.  Prof.  Minor  "edited  a  new  and  complete 
edition  of  the  Reports  of  Chancellor  George  Wythe  (prefixing 
to  it  a  memoir  of  that  illustrious  jurist),  and,  later  on,  brought 
out  a  new  edition  of  Hening  and  Munford's  Reports  of  the 
Decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Virginia. 

His  contributions  to  magazines  and  to  the  daily  and  weekly 
press  are  too  numerous  for  detailed  notice  here. 

Suffice  it  to  say,  in  passing,  that,  possessed  of  an  easy  and 
graceful  style  and  endowed  with  a  retentive  memory,  that  made 
instantly  available  a  great  wealth  of  reminiscences  of  the 
famous  men  of  his  earlier  days,  he  contributed  many  articles  of 
notable  interest  to  various  periodicals. 

Happily,  he  lived  to  see  the  appearance  in  book  form  of  the 
darling  of  his  old  age — a  history  of  The  Southeryi  Literary  Mes- 
senger,  1 834-1 864,  which  forms  a  valuable  commentary  touch- 
ing the  contributors  and  contributions  to  that  famous  old  period- 
ical. His  face  and  figure  were  long  familiar  on  our  streets,  and 
many  of  us  shall  miss  his  cheery  bearing  and  alacrity  of  move- 
ment, which  were  so  conspicuous  even  after  he  had  passed  the 
span  allotted  by  the  Psalmist. 

To  the  last,  his  wiis  an  optimism  that  no  vicissitudes  of  for- 
tune had  been  able  to  break,  and  though  by  reason  of  strength 
his  days  were  fourscore,  their  strength  was   yet  not  labor  and 


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XVlll  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

sorrow,  but  rather  a  placid,  yet  very  real,  interest  in  the  affairs 
of  life,  and  a  serene  enjoyment  of  what  Cicero  terms  the 
*' pleasures  of  old  age." 

He  died  in  this  city  on  the  ist  day  of  August,  1905,  mourned 
by  a  large  circle  of  friends  and  kindred. 

By  order  of  the  President,  a  beautiful  wreath  was  placed  upon 
his  coffin  in  the  name  of  the  Society,  and  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee attended  his  funeral  in  a  body. 

The  death  of  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  snaps  yet 
another  of  the  many  ties  that  bind  the  two  great  Commonwealths 
of  Massachusetts  and  Virginia. 

Inheriting  his  distinguished  father's  affection  and  admiration 
for  the  Old  Dominion,  and  nourished  in  the  best  traditions  of 
the  early  days  of  the  Republic,  he  was  ever  a  staunch  friend 
of  the  Society,  and  always  evinced  the  liveliest  interest  in  its 
purposes  to  perpetuate  the  names  and  virtues  of  the  great  Vir- 
ginians, who  bore  so  great  a  part  in  founding  the  new  nation, 
and  in  shaping  its  destinies. 

In  the  hearts  of  resident  members  of  the  .Society,  grief  is  still 
fresh  and  poignant  for  the  loss  of  two  of  our  most  distinguished 
fellow- members — one.  Major  Edmund  T.  D.  Myers,  a  man  of 
acute  intellect,  large  acquirement  and  varied  learning,  whose 
high  civic  virtues,  spotless  integrity  and  scrupulous  administration 
of  the  great  trusts  confided  to  him,  commanded  the  admiration 
and  confidence  of  the  general  public,  while  his  many  accom- 
plishments, ready  wit  and  kindly  sympathies  claimed  the  affec- 
tion and  regard  of  all  who  enjoyed  the  privilege  of  his  personal 
friendship.  The  other,  Major-General  Fitzhugh  Lee,  was  in 
every  relation  of  life,  public  and  private,  worthy  of  the  noble 
stock  from  which  he  sprung.  Whether  in  field  or  forum, 
whether  as  the  dashing  beau  sabreiir  of  the  thrice  glorious 
*'Army  of  Northern  Virginia,"  or  as  Governor  of  this  Com- 
monwealth, he  ever  "  stood  four  square  to  all  the  winds  that 
blew,"  and,  having  endeared  himself  to  North  and  South  alike 
by  his  splendid  courage,  decisive  vigor  and  lovable  personality, 
died  at  last  mourned  by  a  nation. 

Though  trained  to  the  profession  of  arms,  and  by  instinct  and 
tradition  a  soldier  first  of  all,  to  whom  the  gaudiiim  certaminis 
seemed  the  very  breath  of  life,  yet  when  peace  came  and  grave 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XIX 

civic  trusts  were  confided  to  him,  first  by  his  mother-state  as 
her  Chief  Executive,  and  later  on  by  a  re-united  country  as  her 
diplomatic  representative,  he  proved  himself  a  sagacious  and 
well-poised  statesman,  who  knew  how  to  keep  himself  well  in 
hand,  and  in  most  critical  events,  bore  himself  with  equa- 
ble prudence  and  serene  dignity.  His  wit  was  keen  and 
the  lambent  play  of  his  humor  illumined  all  that  it  touched, 
yet  even  when  he  was  in  the  most  exuberant  spirits,  one  marked 
the  saving  grace  of  underlying  common-sense,  which  was  indeed 
the  dominant  note  in  his  character,  and  which  enabled  him  to 
penetrate  intuitively  to  the  very  core  of  the  most  perplexing 
problems. 

To  the  general  public  throughout  the  whole  country,  he 
became  a  popular  hero — to  his  Iriends  and  to  the  men  who  fol- 
lowed him  through  the  dust  and  sweat  of  battle,  he  was 
always  simply  •*dear  old  Fitz." 

These  simple  words  tell  the  whole  story  of  his  brilliant  valor, 
his  soldierly  frankness,  his  generosity,  simplicity  and  winning 
camaraderie. 

Those  who  witnessed  the  imposing  pageant  of  his  obsequies 
here  in  Richmond  and  who  saw  through  misty  eyes  scores  upon 
scores  of  bronzed  and  bearded  veterans  shaken  with  a  passion 
of  sobs,  as  they  followed  all  that  was  mortal  of  their  old  leader  to 
his  last  resting-place,  could  not  doubt  that  a  man  who  could 
compel  such  passionate  grief,  had  knit  these  men  to  him  by  ties 
as  beautiful  and  tender  as  they  were  stern  and  heroic. 

He  came  of  a  great  race,  the  very  pride  and  glory  of  our 
**01d  Dominion"  from  Colonial  days,  a  race  that  found  its 
consummate  flower  in  the  foremost  captain  of  our  time,  and  it  is 
his  noblest  epitaph  to  say  simply  and  soberly  that  he  wore 
worthily,  and  shed  no  mean  lustre  on,  the  historic  name  he  bore. 

Miscellaneous. 

At  the  October  meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee,  Mr. 
Edward  V.  Valentine  introduced  a  proposition  to  encourage  the 
study  of  our  county  history  and  the  investigation  of  county 
records,  with  a  view  to  securing  accurate  data,  that  would  serve 
for  a  series  of  county  histories,  which,  all  agree,  are  greatly 
needed.      The  matter  was  discussed  at  length  and  favorably, 


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XX  VIRGINIA    HISrORJCAL   SOCIETY. 

the  Committee  deeming  it  probable  that,  if  an  annual  prize  of 
money  were  offered  for  monographs  treating  of  county  history, 
or  some  great  event  in  county  history,  based  in  chief  measure 
on  original  investigations  of  county  records,  the  desired  result 
would  be  attained. 

Messrs.  Valentine,  McCabe,  and  James  having  offered  to  fur- 
nish tbe  necessary  funds  to  test  the  experiment  for  the  first  three 
years,  a  resolution  was  offered  and  unanimously  adopted,  estab- 
lishing such  annual  prize  in  the  Society's  name,  to  be  open  to 
the  competition  of  all  students  of  Universities  and  Colleges  in 
Virginia,  and  to  be  awarded  only  for  original  work  based  on 
direct  investigation  of  county  records, 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  Committee,  a  sub-committee 
was  appointed  consisting  of  Messrs.  Valentine,  McCabe,  Mitchell 
and  James,  with  instructions  to  fornrulate  details  of  the  scheme, 
and  to  report  back  to  the  full  Committee. 

The  limits  of  this  Annual  Report  preclude  anything  but  the 
barest  mention  of  the  actual  and  prospective  improvements  at 
Jamestown. 

The  great  work  that  has  engaged  our  sister  society,  '*The 
Association  for  the  Preservation  of  Virginia  Antiquities,"  has 
been  accomplished.  The  sea-wall,  designed  to  protect  that 
historic  site  from  the  ravages  of  encroaching  tides,  and 
constructed  under  the  supervision  of  our  colleague  on  the  Com- 
mittee, Samuel  H.  Yonge,  Esq.,  U.  S.  Engineer  in  charge,  has 
been  practically  finished,  and  will  long  remain  an  enduring 
monument  to  the  devoted  patriotism  of  these  Virginia  women. 
Plans  have  been  perfected  for  a  building  to  be  erected  by  the 
''National  Society  of  Colonial  Dames."  It  will  be  a  reproduc- 
tion, as  nearly  as  possible,  of  the  old  church,  whose  ruined 
foundations  have  been  uncovered  by  the  excavations  of  recent 
years.  These  ruins  will  not  be  disturbed,  but  will  be  enclosed 
within  the  walls  of  the  new  structure.  The  floor  of  the  new 
building  is  to  consist  of  a  granolithic  pavement,  and  an  iron 
railing,  running  around  a.id  inside  the  old  foundations,  will 
amply  protect  them.  The  "  National  Society  of  the  Daughters 
of  the  American  Revolution  "  has  also  made  an  appropriation  for 
a  building,  which  will  probably  be  a  reproduction  of  Raleigh's 
birth-place,  Hayes-Barton  in  Devon,  than  which  no  more  appro- 


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PROCEEDINGS.  XXI 

priate  model  could  be  found.  The  building  is  to  be  at  once  a 
monument  to  the  first  permanent  settlement  in  America  and  to 
the  father  of  English  colonization  in  the  New  World. 

The  government  of  the  United  States  has  also  appropriated 
$50,000  for  a  monument  tp  be  erected  somewhere  on  the  island, 
but  no  site  has  as  yet  been  chosen  and  no  plans  formulated. 

Plans  are  now  under  discussion  for  a  monument  to  Pocahon- 
tas, the  witchery  of  whose  romantic  devotion  still  casts  its 
magic  spell  over  gentle  and  simple  alike,  white  the  Episcopal 
**  Diocese  of  Southern  Virginia* 'proposes  to  erect,  prior  to  the 
Tercentennial,  a  fitting  memorial  to  the  Rev.  Robert  Hunt,  the 
first  clergyman  who  ministered  to  the  original  settlers. 

By  a  wise  amendment  to  the  constitution  of  our  Society, 
passed  a  few  years  ago,  the  President  of  the  Society  having 
served  three  consecutive  terms  of  one  year  each,  is  not  eligible 
to  re-election  until  after  an  interim. 

Your  retiring  President,  deeply  sensible  of  the  great  honor 
thrice  accorded  him  by  your  generous  partiality,  now  desires  to 
tender  his  most  grateful  acknowledgedments  to  the  officers  of 
the  Society,  to  his  faithful  colleagues  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, and  to  his  fellow- members  in  general  for  the  loyal  and 
generous  support  they  have  given  him  during  his  whole  tenure 
of  office. 

He  will  ever  count  it  the  chief  honor  of  his  life  that  he  has 
been  thus  long  the  executive  head  of  a  Society,  that  has  done  so 
much  to  perpetuate  the  glories  of  our  mother  state,  and  that  from 
the  time  of  John  Marshall,  its  first  President,  down  through 
more  than  seventy  years,  has  borne  upon  its  rolls  the  names  of 
so  many  illustrious  "Virginia  Worthies." 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

W.  Gordon  McCabe, 

President. 

On  the  conclusion  of  the  report,  which  was  received  with 
applause.  President  McCabe  introduced  Professor  William  Peter- 
field  Trent,  of  Columbia  University,  who  was  to  deliver  the 
annual  address. 

Professor  Trent's  address  was  on  ''History  as  Literature — a 
plea  for  its  more  attractive  presentation."  It  was  a  very  valua- 
ble and  scholarly  paper,  and  was  heard  with  great  interest. 


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XXU  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

At  the  conclusion  of  Professor  Trent's  address  a  vote  of  thanks 
was  tendered  to  him  by  the  Society. 

The  President  then  called  for  the  report  of  the  Nominating 
Committee,  and  Mr.  Robert  B.  Munford  Jr.,  Chairman  of  that 
Committee,  made  the  following  report: 

Report  of  Nominating  Committee. 
Mr,  President,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : 

Your  committee  being  regretfully  reminded  that  the  pres- 
ent President  of  the  Society,  who  has  so  ably  directed  its  affairs 
for  the  past  three  years,  is  not  eligible  under  the  Constitution, 
for  re-election  at  this  meeting,  we  take  pleasure  in  nominating 
as  his  successor  Mr.  Joseph  Bryan,  who  has  heretofore  filled 
this  office  with  signal  success. 

The  complete  list  of  nominations  submitted  for  such  action 
as  you  may  deem  proper  is  as  follows  : 

President — ^Joseph  Bryan. 

Vice-Presidents — Archer  Anderson,  Edward  V.  Valentine, 
Lyon  G.  Tyler. 

Corresponding  Secretary  and  Libraian — William  G.  Stanard. 

Recording  Secretary — David  C.  Richardson. 

Treasurer — Robert  T.  Brooke. 

Executive  Committee — W.  Gordon  McCabe,  C.  V.  Meredith, 
B.  B.  Munford,  Edward  W.  James.  Chas.  W.  Kent,  W.  Meade 
Clark,  A.  C.  Gordon.  S.  S.  P.  Patteson,  S.  C.  Mitchell,  J.  P. 
McGuire,  S.  H.  Yonge,  W.  J.  Leake. 

The  officers  nominated  were  unaminously  elected. 

It  was  moved  that  the  President  vacate  the  chair,  which  was 
then  occupied  by  Mr.  D.  C.  Richardson. 

A  motion  was  made,  which  was  adopted  by  unanimous  vote, 
thanking  the  retiring  President  for  the  zeal  and  ability  with 
which  he  had  filled  his  office  for  the  past  three  years. 

The  President  resuming  the  chair  made  his  acknowledge- 
ment in  a  few  graceful  words  for  the  vote  of  thanks. 

There  being  no  further  business  the  meeting  adjourned. 


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OFFICERS  AND  MEMBERS 


Virginia  Historical  Society, 

JANUARY,    1G06. 


President. 
Joseph  Bryan,  Richmond.  Va. 

Vice-  Presidents, 
Archer  Anderson,  Richmond,  Va. 
Edward  V.  Valentine,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lyon  G.  Tyler,  Williamsburg,  Va. 

Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian, 
William  G.  Stanard,  Richmond,  Va. 

Recordinj^  Secretary. 
David  C.  Richardson,  Richmond,  Va. 

Treasurer. 
Robert  T.  Brooke,  Richmond,  Va. 

Executive  Committee. 

W.Gordon  McCABE,Richmond,Va.  A.  C.  Gordon,  Staunton,  Va. 
C.  V.  Meredith,  Richmond.  Va.       S.  S.  P.  Patteson,  Richmond,  Va. 
B.  B.  MuNFORD,  Richmond,  Va.        S.  C.  Mitchell,  Richmond,  Va. 
Edw.  Wilson  James,  Norfolk,  Va.    J   P.  McGuirk,  Richmond,  Va. 
Chas.  W.  Kent,  University  of  \^a.    S.  H.  Yonge,  Richmond,  Va. 
W.  Meade  Clark.  Richmond,  Va.    W.  J.  Leake,  Richmond,  Va. 

and  ex-officio,  the  President,  Vice-Presidents,  Se^^retaries, 
and  Treasurer. 


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THE  LIST  OF  MEMBERS. 


HONORARY  MEMBERS. 


Arber,  Prof.  Edward,  BirmiiiKham,  Ens:. 
Brown.  Alexander,  Norwood,  Va. 
Gilbeil,  Hon.  J.  W  ,  New  York.  N.  Y. 


Robertson,  Captain  Harrison  Charlottes- 
ville, Va. 
Sportiird.  Hon.  A.  R.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Jones,  Rev.  John  Wm.,  D.  D.,  Richmond,    Stewart,  Mrs.  John,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 


V;i 
Keane,  Prof.  A.  H.,  London,  England. 


Whitsitt,  Rev.  W.  H.,  D.  D..  Richmond.  Va. 


CORRESPO^NDING  MEMBERS. 


Atrill,  Chas.  H.,  London,  Eng'd. 
Bacon.  H.  F.,  Bury  St.  Edmund,  Eng'd. 
Banks,  Chas.  b  ,  M.  D.,  Chelsea,  Mass. 
Barber,  E.  A,,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Bryant,  H.  VV.,  Portland,  Maine. 
Campeau,  Hon.,  F.  R.  E.,  Ottawa,  Canada. 
Carrington,  Gen.  H.  B.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Champiin,  J.  D.,  Jr.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Craig,  Isaac,  Alleghany,  Pa. 
Darling,  Gen.  C.  VV.,  Ulica,  N.  Y. 
Drake,  Col.  S.  A.,  Kennebunkport,  Me. 
Fernow,  Berthold,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Green,  Hon.  S.  A.,  M.  D  ,  Boston,  Mass. 


Hart,  Chas.  H..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Hay  den.  Rev.  H.  E  .  Wilkes- Barre,  Pa. 
Hoes,  Rev.  R.  R.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Judah,  George  F.,  Spanish  Town,  Jamaica. 
Nicholson,  Col.  J.  P.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Phillimore,  W.  P.  VV.,  London,  Eng'd. 
Richemond,  .Mons.  Meschinel  De,  La  Ro- 

chelle,  France. 
Ro8e,Josiah,  London,  England. 
Ross,  Hon.  D.  A.,  Quebec.  Canada. 
Thwing,  E.  P.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Wright,  W.  H.  K.,  Plymouth,  England. 


LIFE  membh:rs. 


Adams,  Wm.  Newton,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Alexander,  H.  M.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Andrews,  A.  B  ,  Raleigh.  N.  C. 
Andiews,  O.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Bain,  George  M.  Jr.,  Norfolk.  Va. 
Barksdale,  George  A..  Richmond,  V^a. 
Barksdale,  R.,  .M.  D.,  Petersburg,  Va. 
Blackwell,  Henr>,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Brooks,  P.  C  ,  Boston,  Mass 
Bryan,  Joseph,  Richmond,  Va. 
Bryan.  Jonathan,  Richmond,  Va. 
Br>an.  Robert  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Bryan,  St   George,  Richmond,  Va. 
Bryan,  J   Stewart,  Richmond,  Va. 
Byrd,  George  H.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Cabell,  J.  Alston,  Richmond,  Va. 
Childers,  Col.  Gracey,  Clarksville,  Tenn. 
Cox.  Mrs.  Wm.  Rufiin,  Richmond,  Va. 
Clement,  Capt.  H.  C,  U.  S.  A  ,  Dallas, 
Texas. 


Clements,  Mrs.  Helen  I.,  Saint  I^uis,  Mo. 
Cleburne,   C.  J.,    M.    D.,   United    States 

Navy. 
Conway.  M.  D.,  New  York,  N,  Y. 
Cottrell,  James  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Deats,  H.  E.,  Flemington.  N.  J. 
Downman,  R.  H  ,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Garnett,  Judge  T.  S.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Gary.  J.  A.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Gibbs.  Mrs.  \Mrginia  B.,  Newport,  R.  I. 
Grafflin,  John  C,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Grandy,  C.  Wiley,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Gratz,  Simon.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Grigsby,  H.  C,  Smithville,  Va. 
Hearst,  Mrs.  Phoebe  A.,  Pleasanton,  Cal. 
Hughes,  R.  M.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Huntington,  Archer  M.,  Baychesler,  N.  Y. 
Ingalls,  M.  E.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Jones,  Wm.  Ellis,  Richmond,  Va. 
Keith,  Charles  P..  Philadelphia.  Pa. 


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LIST    OF   MEMBERS. 


XXV 


Kinsolving,  Walter  O.,  Austin,  Texas. 

Langhome,  J.  C,  SUlem,  Va. 

I..ee,  Edmund,  J.,  M   D.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lee,  General  G.  VV.  C.  Burks,  Va. 

Lee,  W.  H.,  St.  Louis  Mo. 

Leigh,  C.  J  ,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Logan,  General  T.  M..  Howardsville,  Va. 

Low,  Hon.  Seth,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Mason.  Wm.  Peyton,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Miller,  Dr.  J.  L.,  Ashland,  Ky. 

McCormick,  Cyrus  Hall,  Chicago,  111. 

Richardson,  D.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Rives,  Hon.  Geo.  Lockhart.  New  York,N.Y. 

Robinson,  Morgan  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Sheppard,  Wm.  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 


StevenM  Byam  K.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Stubbs.  Wm.  C,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Talcolt,  Col.  T.  M.  R.,  Bon  Air,  Va. 

Tray  lor,  R.  L.,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Van  de  Vyver,  Rt.  Rev.  A.,  D.  D.,  Rich- 
mond. Va. 

Waterman,  W.  H..  New  Bedford,  Mas.s. 

Webb,  W.  Seward,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Whitehead,  J.  B..  Norfolk,  Va. 

Wickham.  Henr>'  T.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Williams,  A.  D.,  Richmond.  Va. 

Williams,  Thomas  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Winslow,  H.  M.,  Harriman,  Tenn. 

Woodson,  Capl.  R.  S.,  U.  S.  A.,  Fort  Clark, 
Texas. 


ANNUAL  MEMBERS. 


Abney,  John  R.,  Shinnecock  Hills,  Long 

Island.  N   Y. 
Adams,  Gilmer  S.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Adams,  Walter,  Frammgham.  Mass. 
Addison  E.  B..  Richmond.  Va. 
Adkins,  S.  B.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Aguilar  de,  Mrs.  F.  B  ,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Alexander,  L.  D.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Alger,  General  Russell  A  .  Detroit,  Mich. 
Ambler,  Ben.  Mason.  Parkersburg^  W.  Va. 
Anderson,  Colonel  Archer.  Richmond,  Va. 
Anderson,  B.  R.,  M.  D.,  Colorado  Springs, 

Col. 
Anderson,  Davis  C,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Anderson,  Edward  L  ,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Anderson,  W.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Andrews,  Wm.  H.,  Jr..  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Atkinson.  J.  B..  Earlington,  Ky. 
Atkinson,  Thomas,  Richmond,  Va. 
Austin-Leigh,  Richard  A..  London, 

England. 
Avery,  Dr.  Elroy  M.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Axtell,  Decatur,  Richmond.  Va. 

fiagby.  Mrs.  Parke  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
Baker.  Colonel  R.  H..  Norfolk,  Va. 
Baker.  Mrs.  R.  M..  Hampton.  Va. 
Banta,  Theodore  M..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Barbour,  John  S..  Culpeper,  Va. 
Barr,  H.  D  .  Anniston,  Ala. 
Barton,  R.  T  ,  Winchester,  Va. 
Battle.  Prof.  K.  P.,  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C. 
Bayne.  Howard  R.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Beall,  Mrs.  H.  A..  Parkesburg,  Pa. 
Belmont,  August,  NcwYork,  N.  Y. 


Belt,  Mrs.  Eliz.  Talbot,  Millen,  Ga. 

Best.  Frank  E.,  Chicago.  111. 

Billups,  Celey,  Norfolk,  Va. 

Blackford,  Prof.'L.  M.,  Alexandria,  Va. 

Blackstock,  Ira  B.,  Springfield,  111. 

Blair,  Miss  Louisa  Coleman.  Richmond,  Va. 

Bland,  Robert  L.,  Weston,  W.  Va. 

Blow,  Capt.  W.  W.,  U.  S.  A.',  Monterey, 

Cal. 
Boisseau,  P.  H.,  Danville.  Va. 
Boisseau,  Sterling,  Richmond.  Va. 
Boiling,  Stanhope.  Richmond,  Va. 
Bondurant.  Dr.  Eugene  D.,  Mobile,  Ala. 
Boyd,  Mrs.  Fred.  W.,  Waukesha,  Wis. 
Boykin,  Colonel  F.  M.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Boyle,  Mrs.  J.  A.,  Davenport,  Iowa. 
Branch.  Major  John  P..  Richmond,  Va. 
Brent,  F.  C,  Pensacola,  Florida. 
Brent,  Frank  P.,  Accomac  county,  Va. 
Brent,  Mrs.  Henry  M.,  Lima.  Peru. 
Bients,    Judge    Thomas     H.,    Wallawalla, 

Washington. 
Brittain,  Louis  H.,  Englewood,  N.J. 
Brodhead,  Lucas,  Versailles.  Ky. 
Brockelt,  Mrs.  Albert  D..  Alexandria,  Va. 
Brooke,  Richard  N.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Brooke,  Robert  T.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Brooke,  S.  S.,  Roanoke,  Va. 
Brooke,  Prof.  St.  George  T.,  Morgantown, 

W.  Va. 
Brooks,  Dr.  Swepson  J.,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 
Broun.  Major  T.  L.,  Charleston,  W.  Va. 
Brown.  Prof.  W.  G.,  Columbia.  Mo. 
Bruce,  Philip  Alexander,  Clarkton.  Va. 
Bryan,  Mrs.  Joseph,  Richmond,  Va. 


*This  list  also  includes  subscribers  to  the  Magazine. 


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XXVI 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Bryant,  C.  B.,  Martinsville.  Va. 
Buchanan,  Mrs.  Lylle,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Bnchanan,  Wra.  I..  Lon<l<>n,  I£iik. 
Budlong,  Mrs.  M.  J.,  HartKml,  Conn. 
Bulord,  Commander  M.  B.,  U.  S.  N.,  Watch 

Hill.  R.  I. 
Bukey,  Mrs.  John  Spencer,  Vienna,  Va. 
Bullard,  Mrs.  B.  T.,  Savannah,  Ga. 
Bullitt,  W.  C,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Burgis,  Richard  F.,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Burruss,  Mrs.  Nathaniel,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Burwell,  D.  S.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Butler,  Hugh,  Denver,  Col. 
Byrd,  S.  M.,  Eastman,  Ga. 

California  S.  R.,  Los  Angeles.  Cal. 
Callahan,  G.  C,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Cameron,  Alexander.  Richmond,  Va. 
Cameron,  Col.  Benehan,  Stagville.  N.  C. 
Camp,  Mrs.  Francis  M.  G.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
Cannon,  G.  Randolph,  Richmond,  Va. 
Capps,  W.  L.,  U.  S.  N..  Washington,  D.  C. 
Cargill,  Mrs.  S.  R.,  Mason  City,  111. 
Carne,  Rev.  R.  L.,  Fort  Monroe.  Va. 
Carpenter,  Franklin  R.,  Denver,  Col. 
Carter.  Frank,  Asheville.  N.  C. 
Cary,  Wilson  Miles,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Casey,  Prof.  Joseph  T..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Chalmers,  J.  F.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Chandler,  Prof.  J.  A    C,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Chandler,  Walter  T.,  Chicago,  Ills. 
Chauncy,  Mrs.  Agnes.  Narberth.  Pa. 
Chew,  Philemon  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Chilton.  H.  P..  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Chilton,  Robert  S.,  Toronto,  Can. 
Chilton,  W.  B..  Washington,  D  C. 
Christian,  Judge  Geo.  L.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Christian.  Walter,  Richmond,  Va. 
Clark,  Mrs  J.  M.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
Clark,  M.  IL,  Clarksville.  Tenn. 
Clark,  Rev.  W.  M.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Clarke,  P.  N.,  Louisville.  Ky. 
Clement,  Mrs.  N.  E..  Chatham,  Va. 
Clyde,  W.  P  .  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Cocke,  Charles  P.,  New  Orleans.  La. 
Cocke,  Dr.  W.  Irby,  Port  Washington,  N.  Y. 
Coe  Brothers,  Springfield,  III. 
Coke,  Captain  John  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Cole,  J.  Edward,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Coleman,  Charles  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Coles,  Mrs.  T.  B..  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Colston,  F   M.,  Baltimore.  Md. 
Colston,  Edward.  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Conrad,  Major  Holmes.  Winchester,  Va. 
Constant,  S.  V..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Cooke,  H.  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Cooke,  Dr.  G.  Wythe,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Cooke,  John  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Coolidge,  Archibald  C,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Corbin,  Richard  W..  Paris,  France. 
Corning,  John  Herbert,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Coutanl,  Dr.R.  S  ,  Tarrytown,  N.  Y. 
Cox.  Mrs.  L.  B..  Chicago,  111 
Craighill,  Gen.  W.  P  ,  U.  S.  A.,  Charles- 
town,  W.  Va. 
Crenshaw,  M.  Millson.  Washington,  D.  C. 
Crenshaw,  S.  Dabney,  Richmond,  Va. 
Crocker,  Major  J.  F..  Portsmouth,  Va. 
Cropper,  John,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Crozer,  Wm.  A.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Crump,  Beverly  T.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Cullingworth,  J.  N.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Cumming,  Dr.  Hugh  S..  Angel  Island,  Cal. 
Cutshaw,  Colonel  W.  E.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Dabney,  Prof.  R   H..  University  of  Va. 
Dandridgc.  Miss  Mary  E.,  Cincinnati,  O. 
Danforth,  Elliott,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Dangerfield,  Elliott,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Daniel,  Hon.  John  W..  Lynchburg,  Va. 
Daspit,  Mrs.  Harry,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Daugherty,  Wm.  G.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Daughters  A.  R.,  Auburn,  Ala. 
Daughters  A.  R  ,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Davenport,  G.  A  ,  Richmond,  Va. 
Davies,  W.  G.,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Davis,  Frederick  L.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Denham,  Edward,  New  Bedford,  Mass. 
Dickinson,  Colonel  A.  G.,  New  York,  N.  V. 
Dimmock.  Capt.  M.  J..  Ric4imond,  Va. 
Dismukes,  Elisha  P..  Columbus,  Ga. 
Dobie.  Louis  T..  Richmond,  Va. 
Dold.  Dr.  Wm.  E  ,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Donally,  Mrs  Miriam  W.,  Charleston,  W.Va. 
Donigan,  Mrs.  R.  W.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Doran,  J.  J  .  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Doremus.  Mrs.  C.  A..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Doyle,  John  A..  Pendarreii.Crickhowell.Eng. 
Draper.  Mrs.  James  R.,  Oxford,  Ala. 
Duke.JudgeR.T.W.,Jr  ,  Charlottesville, Va. 
Dulaney,  Col.  R    H..  Loudoun  Co.,  Va. 
Dunlop,  Boutwell,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Dunn,  John,  M.  D.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Dupont,  Col.  H.  A.,  Winterthur,  Del. 
Dupuy,  Rev.  B.  H.,  Davis,  W.  Va. 
Durrett,  Colonel  R.  T  ,  Louisville,  Ky. 

Easley,  J.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 
East,  John  P.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Eaton,  George  G.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Edwards,  Thos   H.,  West  Point,  Va. 
Eggloston,  J.  D.,  Worsham.  Va. 
Elkins.  Hon.  S.  B.,  Elkins,  W.  Va. 
Ellinger,  William,  Fox  Island,  Va. 


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LIST   OF   MEMBERS. 


XXVll 


Ellis,  Powhatan,  Richmond,  Va. 
Ely,  Mrs.  Jno   H.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
English.  Mrs.  W.  E.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Eppes.  Miss  Emily  H.,  City  Point,  Va. 
Evans,  J.  D.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Eustace,  Wm.  Corcoran,  Leesburg,  Va. 

Farragut,    Loyall,    New    York,    New 
York. 

Farrar,  B.  J.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Farrar,  Edgar  H.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Feild.  W.  P  ,  Little  Rock,  Ark. 

Ferrell,  Mrs.  Chas.  C,  Anson,  Texas. 

Ficklen,  Carter  B.,  Havana,  Cuba. 

Fife,  Prof.  R.  H.,  Middletown,  Conn. 

Fitzhugh,  Gen.  Chas.  L.,  Alleghany,  Pa. 

Fleet.  Col.  A. F..Supt.  Culver  Military' Acad- 
emy, Culver,  Indiana. 

Fleming.  R.  I..  Washington,  D.  C. 

Folsom,  Albert  A.,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Fontaine,  W.  W.,  Austin.  Tex. 

Ford,  VVorthington  C,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Fountain,  General  S.  \V.,  U.  S.  A.,  Phila- 
delphia. Pa. 

Fox,  W.  F.  Richmond.  Va. 

Franklin.  James,  Jr  ,  Lynchburg.  Va. 

French,  Jno.  Herndon,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Fuller,  Chief  Justice  Melville  W.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Fulton,  J.  H.,  Wytheville,  Vh. 

Gaines,  C.  Carrington,  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
Gaines.  R.  H.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Gaines,  Maj.  R.  V.,  Mossingford,  Va. 
Gantt,  Judge  J.  B.,  Jefferson  City,  Mo. 
Garland,  Spotswood,  Wilmington.  Del. 
George,  Major  J.  P.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Gibson.  Rt.  Rev.  Robt.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Gillis,  H.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Glover,  Chas.  C,  Georgetown.  D.  C. 
Good.  D.  Sayler,  Roanoke,  Va. 
Goodwin,  Rev.  W.  A.  R.,  Williamsburg, 

Va. 
Goodwyn.  Mrs.  W.  S.,  Emporia,  Va. 
Gordon,  Armstead  C,  Staunton,  Va. 
Gordon  Mrs.  W.  W.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Gray,  Henr>'  W.,  Jr.,  Boston.  Mass. 
Gray.  W.  F.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Green,  B.  W..  M.  D..  Charlottesville,  Va. 
Greenway.  G.  C.  M.  D.,  Hot  Springs.  Ark. 
Grinnan,  Judge  Daniel.  Richmond,  Va. 
Guillardeu,  W.  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Gummey,  Charles  F..  Jr..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Gunnell,  Mrs.  Allen  T  .  Colorado  Springs. 

Hagner,  Judge  A.  B..  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hagan,  John  C  ,  Richmond,  Va. 


Hall.  Charles  H.,  M.  D  .  Macon,  Ga. 
Hamilton.  Peter  J.,  Mobile,  Ala. 
Hamilton.  S.  M.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Harris,  John  T..  Jr.,  Harrisonburg,  Va. 
Harrison,  Francis  Burton,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Harrison,  Geo.  T.,  M.  D..  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Harrison.  Robert  L..  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Harrison,  W.  Preston,  Chicago,  III. 
Harvie,  Miss  Anne  F.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Hawes.  S.  H  ,  Richmond,  Va. 
Heffelfinger,  Jacob,  Hampton,  Va. 
Henley,  Mrs.  Charles  F.,  Mountainville, 

Tenn. 
Hemming,  Mrs.  C.  C,  Colorado  Spgs.,  Col. 
Herbert,  Colonel  A  .  Alexandria.  Va. 
Herndon,  Flugene  G.,  Germantown,  Pa. 
Herndon,  J.  W.,  Alexandria,  Va. 
Higgins,  Mrs.  D.  F  ,  Joliet,  111. 
Hill.  W.  M..  Richmond.  Va. 
Hitt.  Isaac  R..  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hitt,  Hon   R.  R..  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hobson.  Henr>'  W.,  Jr  .  Denver,  Col. 
Hoen,  E.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Holt,  R.  O.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Hord,  Rev.  A.  H  ,  Germantown.  Pa. 
Horton,  Mrs.  H.  C,  Franklin,  Tenn. 
Howard.  Major  McH..  Baltimore,  Md. 
Howell,  M.  B.  Nashville.  Tenn. 
Huffmaster.  J.  T.,  Galveston,  Texas. 
Hughes.  Charles  J.,  Jr.,  Denver,  Co!. 
Hughes,  A.  S.,  Denver,  Col. 
Hume,  Frank,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hunnewell,  J.  F..  Charlestown.  Mass. 
Hunt,  Gaillard,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hunt.  George  W.  P.,  Globe,  Arizona. 
Hunter,  James  W.,  Norfolk.  Va. 
Hunter,  Major  John.  Jr..  Richmond,  Va. 
Hunter,  Mrs.  Robert  W  ,  Alexandria,  Va. 
Hurt,  George  A  ,  Atlanta.  Ga. 
Hutcheson.  Mrs.  J.  C.  Houston.  Texas. 
Hutchins,  W.  S.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Hutchinson,  Francis  M.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Hutzler,  H.  S..  Richmond.  Va. 

Irving,  A.  D.,  Irvington,  N.  Y. 

Jacoby,  H.  F.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
James,  Edward  Wilson.  Norfolk,  Va. 
Jarman.  Prof.  J.  L  ,  Farmville,  Va. 
Jeffress.  T.  F  .  Richmond.  Va. 
Jeffrey ,  Miss  Mary  Lee,  Marion,  Va. 
Jeffries,  Miss  Susie  A.,  Janesville,  Wis. 
Jenkins,  Edward  Austin,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Jenkins,  Luther  H..  Richmond.  Va. 
Jewett,  W.  K..  Colorado  Spgs.,  Colorado. 
Johnson,  B.  F.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Johnson,  Capt.  Wm.  R.,  Crescent,  W.  Va. 


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XXVlll 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Johnston,  Christopher,  M.  D  ,  Baltimore, 
Md. 

Johnston,  Dr.  Geo.  Ben.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Johnston,  Miss  Mary,  Richmond,  Va. 

Johne,  Adrian  H..  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Tones,  Rev.  J.  William,  Richmond,  Va. 

Jones,  W.  Strother.  Red  Bank,  N.  J. 

Jones,  Wm.  L.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Jordan.  Scott,  Chicago,  111. 

Judkins,  Mr«.  W.  D.,  Lausanne,  Switzer- 
land. 

Keach,  Mrs.  O.  A.,  Wichita,  Kas. 
Keeling,  Judge  J.  M.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Keim,  Mrs.  Betty  L.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Keith,  Albert  G.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Kelley,  James,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Kemper,  Charles  E.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Kemper,  Dr.  G.  W.  H..  Muncie,  Ind. 
Kemper,  Willis  M  ,  Cincinnati   Ohio. 
Kennedy,  Mrs.  S   D.^  Warrenton,  Va. 
Kent,  Prof.  C   W.,  University  of  Va. 
Kidd,  J.  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Kilby,  Judge  Wilbur  J..  Suffolk,  Va. 
Knabe.  William.  Baltimore,  Md. 

Lambert,  Mrs.  W.  H.,  Cermantown,  Pa. 
La  Monte.  Geo.  M.,  Bound  Brook.  N.  J. 
Lancaster,  R.  A.,  Jr  ,  Richmond,  Va. 
Larus,John  R.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Lassiter,  Major  F.  R.,  Petersburg,  Va. 
Lathrop.  Bryan,  Chicago.  III. 
Lea,  Mrs.  Overton,  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Leach,  J.  Granville,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Leach,  James  A.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Leake,  Judge  Wm.  Josiah,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lee,  Rev.  Baker  P.,  Lexington,  Ky. 
Lee,  Richard  Bland,  Jr.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Lee.  Captain  R.  K.,  West  Point.  Va. 
Lee,  R.  E.,  ]r  ,  Fairfax  county,  Va. 
Leib.  Mrs   Lida  C.  G.,  San  Jos^,  Cal. 
Le  Grand.  Mrs.  j.  H  ,  Tyler,  Tex. 
Leigh,  Egbert  G..  Jr  ,  Richmond.  Va. 
Letcher,  S.  Houston,  Lexington,  Va. 
Lincoln,  Solomon,  Boston.  Mass. 
Livezey.  John  G  ,  Newport  News.  Va. 
Lodge,  Hon.  H.  C,  Nahant,  Mass. 
Logan,  John  S.,  St.  Joseph.  Mo. 
Logan.  Walter  S  .  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Lomax,  E.  L  ,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Lorton,  Heth,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Loyall,  Captain  B.  P..  Norfolk.  Va. 
Lyon,  Mrs.  George  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Lyster,  Mrs.  H.  F.  L.,  Detroit.  Mich. 

Maddox,  E.  L.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 
Maddux,  L.  O.,  Cincinnatti,  Ohio. 


Maffit,  Mrs.  John  N..  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Malone,  Prof.  T.  H.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Mallory,  Lt.-Col.  J.  S.,  U.  S.  A  ,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

Markham,  George  D.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Marshall,  Thos.  S  ,  Salem,  111. 

.Matthews,  Albert,  Boston,  Mass. 

Matthews.  Dr.  J.  C,  Griffin,  Ga. 

Maury  Colonel  R.  L.,  Richmond,  \^a. 

Maxwell,  John  W.  C.  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Mayo,  E.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Mayo,  P.  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Mayo,  Rev.  Robt.  A.,  West  River,  Md. 

Maynard,  Mrs.  John  F.,  Utica,  N.  Y. 

Mcntz,  Mrs.  J.  E  ,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Meredith.  Charles  V  ,  Richmond.  Va. 

Merrick,  Dr.  T.  D.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Merrill.  Mrs.  Lida  W.,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Meyers,  Barton.  Norfolk,  Va. 

Meysenburg,  Mrs.  D.  C,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Miller,  Rudolph  P  ,  New  York.  N.  Y. 

Mitchell,  Kirk  wood.  Richmond,  Va. 

Mitchell,  Prof.  S.  C,  Richmond,  Va. 

Moore.  Josiah  S.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Moore,  Warner.  " 

Morehead,  C.  R.,  El  Paso,  Texas. 

Morgan,  Dr.  James  D.,  Washington.  D.  C. 

Morrison,  Mrs.  Portia  Lee.  Farmville,  Va. 

Morton,  Dr.  Daniel,  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

Morgan,  Dr.  D,  H.,  U.  S.  N. 

Munford.  B.  B..  Richmond.  Va. 

Munford,  R.  B.,  Jr  .  Richmond,  Va. 

McAllister,  J .  T..  Hot  Springs.  Va. 

McBryde,  Dr.  J.  M.,  Blacksburg,  Va. 

McCabe,  Capt  W.  Gordon,  Richmond,  Va. 

McCarty,  Allen.  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

McGuire,  Mis.  Frank  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

McGuire.J.  P. 

Mcllwaine,  Prof.  H.  R.,  Hampden-Sidney 
College,  Va. 

Mcllwaine.  W.  B.,  Petersburg,  Va. 

McLcllan.  Mrs.  Aurora  P.,  Athens,  Ala. 

McLemore,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Pope,  Memphis. 
Tenn. 

Munsell's  Sons.  J  ,  Allenhurst,  N.  J. 

Nash,  H.  M..  M.  D..  Norfolk,  Va. 

Nay  lor,  Hugh  E..  Front  Royal,  Va. 

Neardenwold,  Mrs.  Ida  G..  Honolulu,  H.  I. 

Nelson,  Rev.  James,  D.  D.,  Womans'  Col- 
lege, Richmond,  Va. 

NichoUs,  Rt.   Rev.  W.  F.,  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

Noblit,  J.  H..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Nolting,  W.  Otto,  Richmond.  Va. 

Ogden,  Robt.  C.,  New  York. 


Digitized  by 


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LIST   OF   MEMBERS. 


XXIX 


Old,  Major.  W.  W..  Norfolk.  Va. 
Oliver.  Dr.  A.  S.,  Elberton,  Ga 
Otter.  John  B.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Owen,  Thomas  M.,  Montgomery,  Ala. 

Page,  Mrs.  Mann,  Elizabeth.  N.J. 
Page.  S.  Davis.  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Page.  L.  W.,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Page,  Rose  well,  Richmond,  Va. 
Page.  Thomas  Nelson,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Palmer,  Col.  William  H.,  Richmond,  Va 
Parish,  Robert  L.  Covington,  Va. 
Parker,  Col.  John,  Browsholme  Hall, 

Clelhiroe,  Lancashire,  Eng. 
Parker,  Mrs.  H.  H  ,  Portland,  Oregon. 
Parker,  W  S.  R.  Beaumont,  Texas. 
Patterson.  James  A  ,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Patteson,  S.  S.  P  .  Richmond,  Va. 
Patteson,  J.  A..  New  York.  N.  Y 
Pegram,  John  Combe,  Providence,  R.  I. 
Penn,  Mrs.  James  G.,  Danville.  Va. 
Pennington,  William  C.  Baltimore,  Md. 
Pescud,  Peter  F.,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Peterkin,  Mrs.  George  W.,  Parkersburg, 

W.  Va. 
Pettus,  William  J.,  M.  D.,  U.  S.  Marine 

Hospital  Service,  Washington.  D,  C. 
Phifer.  Robert  S..  Richmond   Va. 
Ph'niry,  Mrs   Billups.  Athens.  Ga. 
Pickett,  Thomas  E.,  M.  D.,  Maysville,  Ky. 
Pinckard,  W.  P.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 
Pittman,  Mrs.  H.  D.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Pitts,  A.  D.,  Selma,  Ala. 
Poindexter,  Charles  E  ,  Jefferson ville,  Ind. 
Pollard,  Henr>-  R  ,  Richmond.  Va. 
Potwin,  Mrs.  Eliza  Lewis.  Evanslon,  111. 
Powell,  J.  E..  Washington,  D.  C 
Prentiss.  Judge  R.  R.,  Suffolk.  Va. 
Price,  Judge  John  W..  Bristol   Va. 
Price.  Theodore  H.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Pritchett,  Carr  W  ,  Independence,  Mo. 
Pr\-or.  Gen.  Roger  A  .  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Pugh,  A.  H.,  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
Pullen,  Charles  L  ,  New  Orle  <ns.  La. 
Pulliam,  D   L.,  Manchester,  Va. 
Purcell,  Col.  J.  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Raines,  Judge  C.  W.,  Austin,  Texas. 
Raines,  Dr.  Thomas  H  ,  Savannah.  Ga. 
Ramsay,  Mrs.  Wm.  .McC,  Westover.  Va 
Randolph,  Beverley  S  ,  Berkeley  Springs, 

W.  Va. 
Randolph,  Rt.  Rev.  A.  M.,  D.  D.,  Norfolk, 

Va. 
Randolph,  G.  A.,  Warrensburg.  Ills 
Randolph,  Dr.  John,  Arvonia,  Va. 


Raymond.  C.  H.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Read,  Samuel  R.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
Reinhkrt,  J.  W.,  Netherwood,  N.  J. 
Rennolds,  Robert  G..  Richmond,  Va. 
Reeves,  Mrs.  W.  E..  Newton,  Iowa. 
Reynal-Upham,  W.  H..  Exmouth,  Eng. 
Richardson,  Albert  Levin.  Baltimore   Md. 
Ridenour,   Miss    Emma   B.,   Indianapolis, 

Ind. 
Ridgeley,  Mrs.  Jane  M.,  Springfield.  Ills. 
Rivers,  Flournoy,  Pulaski.  Tenn. 
Rive*},  Mrs.  VV.  C,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Rixey,  Surgeon-General  P.  M  ,  U.  S.  N., 

Washington,  D.  C. 
RoBards.  Col  John  Lewis,  Hannibal,  Mo. 
Robertson,  Mrs.  Fred.  S  ,  Manchester,  Va. 
Robertson.  Thos.  B.,  Eastville,  Va. 
Robins.  William  B.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Rockwell,  .Mrs.  Eckley.  West  Philadelphia, 

Pa. 
Roller.  Gen.  John  E.,  Harrisonburg.  Va. 
Roosevelt,    Hon.   Theodore,   President  ot 

the  United  States,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Roper,  Bartlett,  9>en.^  Petersburg,  Va. 
Rowland,  Miss  Kate  Mason,  Georgetown, 

D.  C. 
Ruggles.  Mrs.  Va.  Cabell,  Wauwatosa,  Wis. 
Ryan.  Thos.  F.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Sands,  Conway  R.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Savage,  N.  R.,  Richmond.  Va. 

Schindel,  Mrs.  D.J.  Bvard,  Fort  Leaven- 
worth. Kansas. 

Schouler,  Prof.  James.  Boston,  N^ass. 

Scott.  Mrs.  .Matthew.  Bloomington,  Ills. 

Serimgeour.  Mrs.  Josephine  N.,  Galveston, 
Texas. 

Shelby,  Mrs.  *5usan  H..  Lexington.  Ky. 

Shepherd,  John,  Chicago,  Ills. 

Shippen,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Lloyd.  Baltimore, 
Md. 

Sitterding.  Fritz.  Richmond,  Va. 

Slaughter,  A.  D  ,  Chicago,  111. 

Smith.  Mrs.  K,  P.,  Austin,  Texas. 

Smith.  Miss  Frances  M.,  Flast  Oakland, 
Cal. 

Smith.  Willis  B.,  Richmond.  Va. 

Smith.  Mrs.  Rosa  Wright.  Fort  Hancock, 
N.  Y. 

Smith.  Lieutenant  Commander  R.  C,  V. 
S.  N..  Washington.  D  C. 

Snowden.  W.  H..  Arcturus,  Va. 

Spears.  Harry  D.,  New  York.  N   Y. 

Spencer.  Mrs.  Samuel.  Washington,  D.  C. 

Spencer,  J.  H.,  Martinsville.  Va. 

Spots  wood.  Mrs.  W.  F.,  Petersburg,  V^a.    • 


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XXX 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Stanard,  W.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Steiger,  E.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Stewart,  Miss  Annie  C,  Brook  Hill,  Va. 
Stewart,  Miss  E.  Hope,  '* 

Stewart,  Miss  Norma,  " 

Stewart,  Miss  Lucy  W.,  " 

Stewart,  Rev.  J.  Calvin,  Richmond,  Va. 
Stewart,  J.  A.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Stimson,  Mrs.  Daniel  M.,  New  York. 
Stokes,  Mrs.  T.  D.,  Elk  Hill,  Va. 
Stone,  Rev.  A.  E.,  D.  D.,  Peabody,  Kansas 
Stone,  Mrs.  Mary  F.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Straler,  Mrs.  Charles  G.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Stratton,  Miss  Mabel  Ladd,  Richmond,  Va, 
Stringfellow,  Maj.  Chas  S  ,  Richmond,Va. 
Strother,  Hon.  P.  W.,  Pearisburg.  Va. 
Sturdevant,  Col.  R.,  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo. 
Summers.  L  P  ,  Abingdon,  Va. 
Sydenstricker,  Edgar,  Lynchburg.  Va. 

Taber,  Dr.  George  E.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Taliaferro,  Mrs.  Richard  P.,  Ware  Neck, 

Va. 
Tandy,  Mrs.  L.  M.  B.,  Columbus.  Mo. 
Tarvin,  Mrs.  J.  P  ,  Covington,  Ky. 
Taylor,  Dr.  P  ielding  L.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Taylor.  W.  E.,  Norfolk.  Va. 
Terhune,  Mrs.  E.  T.,  Pamplin  Lake,  N.  J. 
Theus,  Mrs.  W.  R.  Jackson.  Tenn. 
Thomas.  Douglas  H.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Thomis,  Mrs.  John  B.   Baltimore,  Md. 
Thomas,  John  L.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Thomas,  R.  S.,  Smithfield,  Va. 
Thornton,  G.  B,  Jr.,  Memphis,  Tenn. 
Thornton,  Mrs.  Champe  F.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Throckmorton,  C.Wickliffe,  New  York. N.Y 
ThrustoM,  R.  C.  Ballard.  Louisville,  Ky. 
Todd,  George  D.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Torrencc,  W.  Clayton.  Fredericksburg,  Va 
Travers,  S.  W..  Richmond,  Va. 
Tree,  J.  B.. 

Tucker,  J.  D..  South  Boston,  Va. 
Tunstall,  Richard  B..  Norfolk,  Va. 
Tyler,  vlrs.  A.  M.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Tyler,  Prof.  Lyon  G.,  Williamsburg,  Va. 

Underwood,  Gen.  John  C,  Covington,  Ky. 
Upshur,  Rear  Admiral  John  H.,  U.  S.  N., 

Washington,  D.  C. 
Upshur,  r.  T  ,  Nassawaddox,  Va. 

Valentine,  B.  B.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Valentine,  E.  P., 
Valentine,  K.  V.,  " 

Valentine,  G,  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Valentine,  M   S.,Jr.,     " 


Vermillion,  John,  Norfolk,  Va 
Vinal,  Alvin  A.,  Accord,  Mass. 
Vinsonhaler,^Judge  D.  M.,  Omaha,  Neb. 

Waddell,  J.  A.,  Staunton,  Va.      - 
Waddey,  Everett,  Richmond,  Va. 
Waggener,  B.  P  ,  Atchinson,  Kan. 
Walke,  Cornelius.  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Walke,  Mrs.  Frank  Anthony,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Walker.  G.  A.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Walker,  J.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Walker,  L.  S.,  Woodstock,  Va. 
Ward,  Colonel  John  H.,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Warren,  L.  R.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Washington,  Joseph  E.,Wessyngton,  Tenn. 
Washington,  W.  De  H.,  New  York. 
Waters,  Arnold  Elzey,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Watts,  Judge  Legh  R..  Portsmouth,  Va. 
Wayland,  J.  W.,  Bridgewater,  Va. 
Weddell.  A.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Wellford.  Judge  B.  R.,  Richmond.  Va. 
Welch,  Charles  A.,  Boston,  Mass. 
White,  J.  B.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 
White,  Miles,  Jr.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
White,  W.  T.,  Waco.  Texas. 
Whitner.  Charles  F..  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Whitsitt,  Rev.  W.  H.,  D.  D.   Richmond, 

Va. 
Whiltet,  Robert,  Richmond,  Va. 
Whilty.J.  H., 

Willard,  .Mrs.  Joseph  E..  Fairfax  Co.,  Va. 
Williams,  Mrs.  F.  L..  Bristol,  R.  I. 
Williams,  Henry,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Williams,  John  G.,  Orange,  Va. 
Williams.  J.  P.,  Savannah,  Ga. 
.Williams.  John  Skelton.  Richmond,  Va. 
Williams,  Mrs.  Robt   K.,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Williams,  S.  D.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Williamson,  D  A.,  Covington,  Va. 
Williamson,  J.  T.,  Culhoky,  Tenn. 
Willis,  Mrs  S.  A.,  Lichfield,  Conn. 
Wilson,  H.  Allen,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
Winston,  James  B.,  Glen  Allen,  Va. 
Wingo.  Chas.  E..  Richmond,  Va. 
Wise,  Mrs.  Barton  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 
Wise,  Prof.  Henry  A.,  Baltimore.  Md. 
Wise,  John  C.  M.  D.,  U.  S.  N.,  Wash- 

iiigtt>n.  n.  C. 
Wise.  Keai -Admiral  Wm.  C.  U.  S.  N., 

Fort  Monroe   Va. 
Withers,  Alfred  D.,  Roane's.  Va. 
Withers,  H.  C,  Austin.  Texas. 
Withington,  Lothrop.  London,  Eng. 
Woodhull.  Mrs.  Oliver  J.,  San  Antonio, 

Texas. 
Woodhouse,  Miss  Adelaide,  Nimrao  Va 


Digitized  by 


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LIST   OF   MEMBERS. 


XXXI 


Woodhouse,  J.  Paul,  Nimmo,  Va.  Yonge,  Samuel  H.,  Richmond,  Va. 

Woods,  Hon.  Micajah,  Charlottesville,  Va.  Young,  Hon.  B.  H.,  Louisville,  Ky. 

VVrenn,  John  H.,  Chicago.  III.  Young,  Mrs.  E.  Alice,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
Wright,  Mrs.  Selden  S.,  San  Francisco, 

Cal,  Zimmer,  W.  L  ,  Petersburg,  Va. 

Wysor,  Hairy  B.,  Muncie,  Indiana.  Zimmer,  W.  L.,  Jr.,  Petersburg,  Va. 


LIBRARIES — Annual  Members. 


American  Geographical  Society,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 

Boston  Public  Library,  Boston,  Mass. 
Brooklyn  Public  Library,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Brooklyn  Library,  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn, 

N.  Y. 
Brown  University  Library, Providence,R  I. 

Carnegie  Library,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
Carnegie  Free  Libary.  Alleghany,  Pa. 
Carnegie  Library,  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Carnegie  Free  Library,  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Central  Library,  Syracuse.  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Public  Library,  Chicago,  111. 
Chicago  University  Library,  Chicago,  Ills. 
Cincinnati  Public  Library,  Cincinnati,  O. 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  Public  Library. 
Cornell  University  Library,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 


Maine  State  Library-,  Augusta,  Me. 
Marietta  College,  Marietta,  O. 
Massachusetts  State  Library,  Boston,  Mass. 
Mechanics  Benevolent  Association  Library, 

Petersburg,  Va. 
Mercantile  Association  Library,  New  York, 

N.  Y 
Milwaukee  Public  Library,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
Minneapolis  Athenaeum  Library,  Minne- 

apolis,  Minn. 

Navy   Department   Library,   Washington, 

D.  C. 
Nebraska     University     Library,    Lincoln, 

Neb. 
Newberry  Library',  Chicago,  111. 
New  Hampshire  State  Library,  Concord, 

N.  H. 
Norfolk  Public  Library,  Norfolk,  Va. 


Department  of  Archives  and   History, 

Jackson,  Miss 
Detroit  Public  Library,  Detroit,  Mich. 


Oberlin  College  Library,  Oberlln,  Ohio. 
Ohio  State  Library,  Columbus,  O. 
Omaha  Public  Library,  Omaha,  Neb. 


Grosvenor  Pub,  Library,  BuflTalo,  N.  Y. 

Hampton   N.    and   A.    Institute    Library, 

Hampton,  Va. 
Harvard  University   Library,  Cambridge, 

.Mass. 
Hearst  Free  Library,  Anaconda,  Mon. 

Illinois  Society  S  A.  R.,  Chicago,  Ills. 
Indiana  Slate  Library.  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Iowa,  Historical  Dept.  of,  Des  Moines,  I. 

Kansas  City  Public  Library,  Kansas  City, 

Mo. 
Kansas  Historical  Society,  Topeka,  Kan. 


Parliament  Library*.  Ottawa,  Canada. 

Peabody  Institute,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Pennsylvania  State   Library,   Harrisburg, 
Pa. 

Pennsvlvania  State  College,  State  College, 
Pa. 

Peoria  Public  Library,  Peoria,  III. 

Pequot  Library,  Soulhport,  Conn. 

Philadc'lphia  Institute  Free  Library,  Chest- 
nut and  iSih  Sts..  Phildelphia,  Pa. 

Philadel|>hia    Law    Association    Library, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Pratt  Free  Library.  Baltimore,  Md, 

Princeton  University  Library,  Princeton. 
N.J. 


Lexington,  Ky.,  Public  Library.  Randolph-Macon   College  Library,   Ash- 
Library  of  Congress,  Washington,  D   C.  land,  Va. 

Long  Island    Historical    Society  Library,  Randolph- Macon  Womaiis  College.  Col- 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  lege  Park,  Va. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  Public  Library. 


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XXXll  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Southern    Baptist  Theological   Seminary,  University  of  Minnesota  Library,  Minne- 

Louisville,  Ky.  apolis,  Minn. 

Springfield  City   Library  Asso'n,  Spring-  University  of  Virginia  Library,  Charlottes- 
field,  Mass.  ville,  Va. 

State    Department    Library,  Washington,  University  of  West  Virginia  Library,  Mor- 

D.  C.  gantown,  W.  Va. 

Vanderbilt  University  Library,  Nashville, 

Stanford  University  Library,  Cal.  Tenn. 

St.  Louis  Mercantile  Library,  St.  Louis,  Virginia  State  Library,  Richmond,  Va. 

Mo.  Virginia  Military  Institute  Library,  Lex- 
ington, Va. 

Syracuse  Public  Library,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  Virginia  Polytechnic  Institute  Library, 

Toronto  Public  Librar>',  Toronto,  Canada.  Blacksburg,  Va. 

Trinity  College,  Durham,  N.  C. 

Trinity  College  Librar>',  Hartford,  Conn. 

Tulane  University   Library,  New  Orleans,  West  Virginia  Historical  Society  Library, 

La.  Charleston,  W.  Va. 

War  Department  Library, Washington,  D.  C. 

Union    Theological    Seminary    Librar>',  Wheeling  Public  Library,  Wheeling,  W.  Va. 

Richmond,  Va.  Worcester  Free  Public  Library,  Worcester, 

University  of  California  Library,  Berkeley,  Mass. 

Cal.  Wyoming  Historical  and  Geolosical  Soci- 

University  of  Indiana  Library,   Blooming-  ety,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 
ton.  Ind. 

University  of  Michigan  Library,  Ann  Ar- 
bor Mich.  Yale  University  Library,  New  Haven,  Con. 

LIBRARIES— Life  Members. 

Astor  Library,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Library  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Boston  Athenaeum  Library,  Boston.  Mass.     New  York  State  Library,  Albany,  N.  Y. 

California  State  Library,  Sacramento,  Cal.     Richmond  College  Library,  Richmond,  Va. 

Columbia    College    Library,    New    York,    Washington  and   Lee  University  Library, 
N.  Y.  Lexington,  Va. 


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PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


IsTETTT-  SERIES. 
"Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  New  Series.  Edited 
by  R.  A.  Brock,  Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society, 
(Seal)  Richmond,  Va.  Published  by  the  Society.**  Eleven  annual 
Tolumes,  uniform.  8vo.,  cloth,  issued  1882-92,  carefully  indexed,  as 
follows : 

The  Official  Letters  of  Alexander  Spotswood,  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
the  Colony  of  Virginia,  17 10- 1722.    Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  Volumes.    Portrait  and  Arms,    pp  xxi-179  and  vii-368.  8  00 

The  Official  Records  of  Robert  Dinwiddie,  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the 
Colony  of  Virginia,  1751-1758.  Now  first  pnnted  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.     Vols.  I  and  II. 

Two  volumes,  pp.  lxix-538  and  xviH-768.  Portraits,  fac-stmile  of  letters  of  presentation 
from  W.  W.  Corcoran,  cut  ot  Mace  of  Borough  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  reproduction  of  the 
Map  of  Virginia,  Maryland,  Delaware  and  Pennsylvania,  engraved  for  Jefferson's  Notes 
on  Virginia,  1787.  6  6 

Documents,  Chiefly  Unpublished,  Relating  to  the  Huguenot  Emigration 
to  Virginia  and  to  the  Settlement  at  Manakin  Town,  with  an  Appen- 
dix of  Genealogies,  presenting  data  of  the  Fontaine,  Maury,  Dupuy, 
Trabue,  Marye.  Chastaine,  Cocke  and  other  Families. 
Pages  xxi-247.    Contains/ar-jtrntT^of  plan  of  "King  William's  Town."  2  60 

Miscellaneous  Papers,  1 672-1 865.  Now  first  printed  from  the  manuscript 
in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  Comprising 
Charter  of  the  Royal  African  Co.,  1672;  Report  on  the  Huguenot 
Settlement  1700;  Papers  of  George  Gilmer  of  "Pen  Park,"  1775-78; 
Orderly  Book  of  Capt.  George  Stubblefield,  1776;  Career  of  the 
Iron-clad  Virginia,  1862;  Memorial  of  Johnson's  Island,  1862-4;  Beale's 
Cav.  Brigade  Parole,  1865. 
Pages  viii-374.  a  W 

Abstract  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Company  of  London,  1619- 
1624,  Prepared  from  the  Records  in  the  Library  of  Congress  by 
Conway  Robinson,  with  an  introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes.    Pages  xlvii-218  and  500.    The  introduction  contains  a  valuable  critical 

CMAy  on  the  sources  of  information  for  the  student  of  Virginia  History.  6  OO 

The  History  of  the  Virginia  Federal  Convention  of  1788,  with  some  ac- 
count of  the  Eminent  Virginians  of  that  era  who  were  members  of 
the  Body,  by  Hugh   Blair  Grigsby.  LL.  D.,  with  a   Biographical 
Sketch  of  the  Author  and  illustrative  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes.    Pages  xxvii-372  and  411.  6  00 

Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  at  the  Annual  Meeting 
held  December  21-22,  1891,  with  Historical  Papers  read  on  the  oc- 
casion and  others. 
Pages  xix-386.    Contains  papers  on  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence  and  the 
Can  for  the  First  Congress;   Historical  Elements  in  Virginia  Education  and  Literary 
Eflbrt;  Notes  on  Recent  Work  in  Southern  History;  Ancient  Epitaphs  and  Descriptions 
in  York  and  James  City  Counties,  Washington's  First  Election  to  the  House  of  Burgesses; 
Snithfield  Churchy  built  in  1632,  Richmond's  First  Academy ;   Facts  from  the  Accomac 
CottDty  Records,  Relating  to  Bacon's  Rebellion ;  Thomas  Hansford,  first  Martyr  to  Ameri- 
can Lft>erty ;  Journal  of  Captain  Charles  Lewis  in  Washington's  Expedition  against  the 
French  in  1755;  Orderly  Books  of  Major  Wm.  Heatb    ^77,  and  Capt.  Robert  Gamble,  1779,^ 
■ad  Memoir  of  General  John  Cropper.  ^.^^^^^  ^^ 


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The  full  set  of  these  publications  can  be  obtained  for  $3 1  .OO,  or  the  separate 
publications,  at  the  prices  named. 

CATALOGUE  OF  THE  MANUSCRIPTS  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society 
and  also  of  Sonic  Printed  Papers.  Compiled  by  order  of  the  Executive  Committee.  Supplement  lo 
the  Virgifiia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography.    Richmond  :  Wm.  Ellis  Jones,  Printer.     1901. 

Paper,  120  pp.  Price,  |i. 00.  Sent  free  to  members  and  subscribers  on  receipt  of  10  cents  for  post- 
age, &c. 

AN  ABRIDGMENT  OF  THE  LAWS  OF  VIRGINL\.  Compiled  in  1694.  From  the  origiaa 
manuscripts  in  the  collection  of  the  V^irginia  H  slorical  Society.    So  pp.,  paper.    Richmond,  1903. 

An  edition  of  300  copies,  reprinted  from  the  /  'irginia  Magazine  of  Histoty  and  Biography,  Price, 
$1.00. 

Discount  allowed  to  booksellers. 

Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History'  and  Biography,  Edited  to  October 
ist,  1898,  by  Philip  A.  Bruce,  and  since  that  date  by  William  G.  Stanard, 
Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society,  (Seal).  Pub- 
lished Quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  Richmond,  Va. 
House  of  the  Society^  No.  707  East  Franklin  St. 

VoLUMK  I — Octavo,  pp.  484-viii-xxvi-xxxii. 

Coniains  cut  of  the  Society's  Building:,  accounts  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  ol 
the  Society  for  the  year  1893,  and  many  exceedingly  valuable,  original  historical  documents 
and  papers  which  have  never  before  appeared  in  print.  Among  others  may  be  mentioned. 
Discourse  of  the  London  Company  on  its  administration  of  Virginia  affairs,  1607-1624; 
Abstracts  of  Colonial  Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Ofiice,  beginning  in  1624, 
with  full  genealogical  notes  and  an  extended  Genealogy  of  the  Claiborne  Family ;  The 
Mutiny  in  Virginia  in  1635:  Samuel  Matthew's  Letter  and  Sir  John  Harvey's  Declaration; 
Speech  of  Governor  Berkeley  and  Decluratipn  of  the  Assembly  with  reference  to  the  change 
of  Government  in  England  and  the  passage  of  the  First  Navigation  Act  of  1651 ;  Petition 
of  the  Planters  of  Virginia  and  Mar>land  in  opposition  to  the  Navigation  Act  of  1661 
Bacon's  Rebellion,  1676;  His  three  proclamations,  Letters  of  Sherwood  and  Ludwell,  Pro- 
posals of  Smith  and  Ludwell,  and  Thomas  Bacon's  Petition  ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh 
(1650-1701),  a  Leading  Lawyer  and  Planter  of  Virgmia,  with  a  genealogical  account  of  the 
Fitzhughs  in  England  ;  Lists  of  Public  Officers  in  the  various  Counties  in  Virginia  late  in 
the  17th  and  early  in  the  i8th  centuries ;  Roster  of  Soldiers  in  the  French  and  Indian  Wars 
onder  Colonel  Washington ;  Officers.  Seamen  and  Marines  in  the  Virginia  Navy  of  the 
Revolution  ;  Roll  %yi  the  4th  Virginia  Regiment  in  the  Revolution  ;  Diary  of  Captain  John 
Davis  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  in  the  Vorktown  Campaign ;  General  George  Rogers 
Clark,— Roll  of  the  Illinois  and  Crockett's  Regiments  and  the  Expedition  to  Vincennes ; 
Department  of  '*  Historical  Notes  and  Queries/'  containing  contributions  by  Hon.  Wm. 
Wirt  Henr>',  and  many  other  items  of  value;  Department  of  "Book  Reviews;"  A  full 
Index.  ft  •• 

Volume  II— Octavo,  pp.  482-ii-xxiv. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of  the  Society  for  the 
year  1894,  and  the  following  list  of  articles  copied  from  the  original  documents :  Report 
of  Governor  and  Council  on  the  Condition  of  Affairs  in  Virginia  in  1626;  Abstracts  of  Col- 
onial Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virgmia  Land  Office,  with  full  genealogical  notes  and 
extended  enealogies  of  the  Fleet.  Robins  and  Thoroughgood  Families;  Reports  of  Griev- 
ances by  the  Counties  of  Virginia  afler  the  suppression  of  Bacon's  Insurrection  ;  A  full  his- 
tory of  the  First  Legislative  Assembly  ever  held  in  America  (that  in  1619  at  Jamestown), 
written  by  Hon.  Wm.  Wirt  Henr>- ;  The  concluding  list  of  Virgmia  Soldiers  engaged  in 
the  French  and  Indian  Wars ;  The  opening  lists  of  the  Virginia  Officers  and  Men  in  the 
Continental  Line,  compiled  from  official  sources ;  A  valuable  account  of  the  Indian  Wars 
in  Augusta  County,  by  Mr.  Joseph  A.  Waddell,  with  the  lists  of  the  killed  and  wounded ; 
Instructions  to  Governor  Yeardley  in  1618  and  i6a6,  and  to  Governor  Berkeley  in  1641 ;  Let- 
ters of  William  Fitzhugh  continued,  with  full  genealogical  notes;  The  Will  of  William 
Fitzhugh :  A  complete  List  of  Public  Officers  in  Virginia  in  1702  and  1714 ;  Valuable  ac- 
count of  Horse  Racing  in  Virginia,  by  Mr.  Wm.  G.  SUnard ;  The  first  instalment  of  an 
article  on  Robert  Beverley  and  his  Descendants ;  Wills  of  Richard  kemp  and  Rev.  John 
Lawrence,  both  bearing  the  date  of  the  17th  century ;  Short  Biographies  of  all  the  memheri 
of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  who  died  in  the  course  of  1894 ;  An  elaborate  Genealogy 
of  the  Flournoy  Family,  throwing  light  on  the  Huguenot  Emigration ;  Department  of  His- 

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3 

torical  Notes  and  Queries,  containing  many  valuable  short  historical  papers  and  also  Gene- 
alogical  contributions,  among  which  the  Carr  and  Landon  Genealogies  are  of  special 
interest ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  critical  articles  by  well  known  historical 
scholars.    Volume  II,  like  Volume  I,  has  been  thoroughly  indexed.  5  00 

Volume  III — Octavo,  pp.  46o-ii<xxviii. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Society  for  the  year  1895,  and  the  follow- 
ing list  of  articles  copied  from  original  documents :  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  con- 
tinued; Instructions  to  Berkeley,  1662:  Virginia  under  Governors  Harvey  and  Gooch  : 
Causes  of  Discontent  leading  to  the  Insurrection  of  1666  under  Bacon ;  Will  of  Benjamin 
Harrison  the  Elder  ;  Culpeper's  Report  on  Virginia  in  1683  ;  Defense  of  Col.  Kdward  Hill ; 
A  series  of  Colonial  letters  written  by  William  Byrd,  Jr.,  Thomas  Ludwell,  Robert  Carter, 
Richard  Lee,  and  Sir  John  Randolph ;  Decisions  of  the  General  Court  of  Virginia,  1626- 
1628,  first  instalment:  Indictment  of  Governor  Nicholson  by  the  leading  members  of  his 
Council;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents,  extending  to  1635,  with  full  genealogical 
notes;  A  History  of  Robert  Beverley  and  his  Descendants,  with  interesting  Wills  and  new 
matter  obtained  from  England  ;  Genealogies  of  the  Flournoy,  Cocke,  Carr,  Todd  and  Chap- 
pell  Families  :  Voluminous  Historical  Notes  and  Queries  of  extraordinary  original  value, 
relating  to  a  great  variety  of  subjects ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  articles 
from  the  pens  of  well  known  historical  scholars.  Volume  III,  like  the  preceding  Volumes, 
has  a  full  index.  5  00 

VOLUMB  IV— Octavo,  pp  492-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  Contents:  A  Marriage  Agreement  between  John 
Custis  and  his  wife  ;  A  Perswasive  to  Towns  and  Cohabitation  by  Rev.  Francis  Mackemicr 
1705;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents  for  1635-6;  Army  Supplies  in  the  Revolution. 
Series  of  original  letters  by  Judge  Innes;  Attacks  by  the  Dutch  on  Virginia  Fleet,  1667  : 
Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  for  V'irginia  and  North  Carolina  1710;  Charges  against  Spots- 
wood  by  House  of  Burgess  17 19  ;  Council  Proceedings,  1716-1717;  Decisions  of  Virginia 
General  Court,  1626-2S  Continued  ;  Defence  of  Colonel  Edward  Hill  Contitiued  Depositions 
of  Revolutionary  Soldiers  from  County  records ;  Early  Spotsylvania  Marriage  Licenses: 
Genealogy — Cocke,  Flournoy,  Trabue,  Jones,  and  Rootes  Families:  Historical  Notes  ami 
Queries ;  A  full  list  of  House  of  Burgesses,  1766  to  1775;  Instructions  to  Governor  Francis 
Nicholson;  Letter  and  Proclamation  of  Argall;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ;  Narrative  of 
Bacon's  Rebellion  by  the  English  Commissioners ;  full  abstracts  of  Northampton  County 
Records  in  i7lh  Century  ;  Ordeal  of  Touch  in  Colonial  Virginia;  Patent  of  Auditor  an. I 
Surveyor-General ;  Prince  George  County  Records  with  much  information  as  to  its  families  ; 
Proceedings  of  Visitors  of  William  and  Mary  Collegt;,  1716;  A  list  of  Shareholders  in  Lon- 
don Company,  1783 ;  also  of  Slave  Owners  in  Spotsylvania  County,  17S3  ;  Virginia  Tobacco 
in  Russia  in  17th  Century.    Volume  IV  has  a  full  index.  5  00 

VoLUMS  V — Octavo,  pp.  472-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  lisi  of  Contents:  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents, 
1636;  and  Patents  and  Grants,  1769;  Rappahannock  and  Isle  of  Wight  Wills.  17th  Century  ; 
Government  of  Virginia,  1666;  Bacon's  Men  in  Surry ;  and  List  of  Persons  Suffering  by  the 
Rebellion;  Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  1710;  Carter  Papers;  Case  of  Anthony  Pen  ton ; 
Colonial  and  Revolutionary  Letters,  Miscellaneous;  Early  Episcopacy  in  Accomac  ;  Depo- 
sitions of  Continental  Soldiers;  Families  of  Lower  Norfolk  and  Princess  Anne  Counties: 
Genealogy  of  the  Cocke,  Godwin,  Waike,  Moseley.  Markham,  Carr,  Hughes,  Winston, 
Calvert,  Parker  and  Brockenbrough  Families;  General  Court  Decisions,  1640,  1641,  1666; 
Memoranda  Relating  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  1685-91 ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell  in  Vani- 
maasee  War;  Letters  of  Lafayette  in  Yorktown  Campaign  ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams,  1769-71 ;  Public  Officers,  1 78 1 ;  Northampton  County  Records, 
17th  Centur>';  List,  Oath  and  Duties  of  Viewers  of  Tobacco  Crop,  1639;  Petition  of  Jobu 
Mercer  Respecting  Marboro  Town;  Price  Lists  and  Diary  of  Colonel  Fleming,  1788-98: 
•  Abstract  of  Title  to  Greenspring ;  Tithables  of  Lancaster  Coun  y,  I7lh  Century;  The  Me- 
lierrin  Indians:  The  Trial  of  Criminal  Cases  in  i8th  Century.    Volume  V  has  a  full  index  5  00 

VoLUMB  VI— Octavo,  pp.  4/3-iv-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents:  The  Aca'iians  in  Virginia; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell ;  Vindication  ol  Sir  William  Berk- 
eley; Will  of  Mrs.  Mary  Willing  Byrd;  Inventory  of  Robert  Carter;  Virginia  Society  t»f 
the  Cincinnati ;  Epitaphs  at  Brandon  ;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Jacobitism  in 
Virginia;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents;  Letters  of  Lafayette;  A  New  Clue  to  the 
Lee  Ancestry  i  Letters  of  General  Henry  Lee ;  Sir  Thomas  Smythe's  Reply  to  Bargrave : 
Virsinia  in  1633,  1623-4,  and  1771 ;  Virginia  Borrowing  from  Spain  ;  The  Virginia  Company 
and  the  Honse  of  Commons ;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution ;  Washington's  Capitu- 
latioa  at  Fort  Necessity;  Election  of  Washmgton  (Poll  List),  1758:  Burning  of  William 
and  Mary  College,  1705;  Reminiscences  of  Western  Virginia,  1770-90,  &c.,  &c.,  &c.,  with 
f«U  index  5  00 


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Volume  VII — Octavo,  pp.  476-iv-xix. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents :  An  Additional  Chapter  to 
Waddell's  Histor>'  of  Augusta  County ;  Augusta  County  Marriage  Licenses,  1749-73 ;  In- 
ventory of  Estate  of  Hon.  Robert  Carter:  Extracts  from  Register  of  Farnham  Parish, 
Richmond  County,  Va.;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Indians  of  Southern  Vir- 
ginia, 1650-171 1 ;  John  Paul  Jones,  as  a  Citizen  of  Virginia  ;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land 
Patents ;  The  Case  of  Captain  John  Martin ;  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of 
Governor  Nicholson  and  to  the  Founding  of  William  and  Mary  College ;  Richmond  During 
the  War  of  1812;  Virginia  Census  of  1624-5:  Virginia  in  1624-30— Abstracts  and  Copies 
rom  the  English  Public  Records;  Virginia  Game  and  Field  Sports,  1739;  Virginia  Militia 
in  the  Revolution ;  Unpublished  Letters  of  Washington ;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes  and 
Queries,  &c.,  with  a  full  index.  ft  00 

Volume  VIII— Octavo,  pp.  481 -iv-xxvii.  , 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents :  The  Indians  of  Southern  Vir- 
ginia; The  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  Boundary  Line,  1711 ;  Inventory  of  Lord  Fairfax; 
Letters  from  Mrs.  Ralph  Izard  to  Mrs.  Wm.  Lee;  Virginia  in  1631-35,  from  English  Public 
Records ;  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of  Governor  Nicholson  and  to  the  Found- 
ing of  William  and  Mar>'  College ;  Notes  from  the  Council  and  General  Court  Records,  1641- 
77;  Unpublished  Letters  of  Jefferson  ;  Extracts  from  Virginia  County  Records ;  Letters  0/ 
Harrison  Gray  and  Harrison  Gray,  Jr.;  Members  of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  Lists;  Militia 
Companies  of  Augusta  county,  1742;  Petitions  of  Virginia  Towns  for  Establishment  of 
Branches  of  the  United  States  Bank,  1791  ;  Virginia  Newspapers  in  Public  Libraries;  Life 
of  General  Joseph  Martin  ;  Register  of  St.  Paul's  Parish,  King  George  county  ;  Proceedings 
of  the  House  of  Burgesses,  1^^2-1661 ;  Delegates  Irom  Kanawha  ;  Ter-Centcnar>'  of  James- 
town ;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution  ;  Wills,  Epitaphs,  Genealogies,  Notes  and  Queries, 
Book  Reviews,  otc,  with  a  full  index.  ft  00 

Volume  TX— Octavo,  pp.  480-iv-xx. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents :  Virginia  Newspapers  in  Pub- 
lic Libraries;  Papers  Relating  to  the  Administration  of  Governor  Nicholson  and  the 
Founding  of  William  and  Mary  College ;  Virginia  in  1636-38,  from  the  English  Public  Re- 
cord Office;  Notes  from  the  Council  and  General  Court  Records,  16^1-1678;  Virginia  As- 
sembly of  1641 ;  Selections  from  the  Campbell  Papters;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution; 
Will  of  William  Byrd,  3d:  Eastern  Shore  History;  Letters  of  William  Byrd,  2d;  Henry 
County,  Virginia,  Records  ;  Diary  of  a  Prisoner  of  War  at  Quebec ;  Sainsbury's  Abstracts 
and  the  Colonial  History  of  Virginia;  Abridgment  of  the  Laws  of  Virginia,  1694;  The 
Germans  of  the  Valley;  Virginia  Legislative  Documents  :  John  Brown  Letters;  History  of 
the  Battle  of  Point  Pleasant ;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes  aud  Queries,  Book  Reviews,  ike., 
with  a  full  index.  ft  00 

Volume  X— Octavo,  pp.  480-xvi-x. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents:  Virginia  Legislative  Docu- 
ments; John  Brown  Letters;  The  Germans  of  the  Valley;  Abridgment  of  Virginia  I^ws, 
1694;  Eastern  Shore  Histor>';  Extracts  from  Records  of  Henry  County,  Va  ;  Batttle  of  Point 
Pleasant;  Ferrar  Papers,  from  Magdalene  College.  Cambridge;  Pioneer  Days  in  Alleghany 
County;  Tithables  of  Northampton  County,  1666;  Vir|?iiiia  Newspapers  in  Public  Libraries; 
Slave  Owners  of  Westmoreland  County,  1782;  Virginia  in  1636- '38,  from  English  Public 
Record  Office;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills,  &c.);  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolu- 
tion; Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence,  i759-'67:  Virginia  Finances,  i776-'qo;  Vir- 
ginia  Colonial  Records;  Books  in  Colonial  Virginia;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes  and  Queries, 
00k  Reviews,  Ac,  with  several  illustrations  and  fac-similes  and  a  full  index.  ft  00 

Volume  XI— Octavo,  pp.  490-iv-xxv. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents:  Proceediiif^  of  Va.  Committee 
of  Correspondence,  1759-64;  John  Brown  Letters:  Surrender  of  Virginia  in  1651-2;  Ferrar 
Papers  at  Magdalene  College.  Cambridge;  Virginia  in  1638-39  from  the  English  Public 
Records;  Some  Colonial  Virginia  Records;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills)*  Isle  of 
Wight  County  Records;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution;  Records  of  Henr>-  County, 
Va.;  Moravian  Diaries  of  Travels  Through  Virginia,  1743.  &c  ;  Virginians  Governors  of 
Other  States;  The  "  Chesapeake  War: "  Orderiy  Book  of  James  Newell,  Pt.  Pleasant 
Campaign,  1774;  The  Site  of  Old  "James  Towne,'"  1607-98;  Council  and  General  Court 
Records,  1640-41;  Vestry  Book  of  King  William  Parish  (Huguenot),  1707-50;  Jame.stown 
and  the  A.  P.  V.  A.;  Prosecution  of  Baptist  Ministers  1771-73;  Wills,  Genealogies,  Notes 
and  Queries,  Book  Reviews,  Ac,  with  several  illustrations,  fac-similes,  and  map,  and  a  full 
index.  ft  00 

Volume  XII— Octavo,  pp.  487-iv-xxxii. 

Contains  the  following  general  table  of  principal  Contents :  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia 
Committee  of  Corresponocnce.  1759-70;  Vestry  Book  of  King  William  Parish  (Huguenot). 
1707-1750;  The  Site  of  Old  "James  Towne,"  1607-1698;  Moravian  Diaries  of  Travel 
Through  Virginia.  1747  Ac;  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England  (wills);  Extracts  from  Vir- 
ginia County  Records;  Letters  ofJefTerson,  Ac,  in  McHenry  Papers;  Virginia  Militia  in 
the  Revolution:  The  Early  Westward  Movement  of  Virginia,  1722-34,  as  shown  by  the 
Virginia  Council  Journals;  Virginia  in  1639  abstracts  and  copies  from  English  Public 
Record  Office;  Virginia  Legislative  Papers  1774;  Address  of  Council,  171^,  and  Resolu- 
tions of  Burgesses,  1712;  Wills,  Genealogies  Notes  and  Queries.  Book  Reviews,  with  sev- 
eral illustrations,  plans,  fac  similes,  Ac,  and  a  full  index.  ft  00 

Discount  allowed  to  booksellers. 


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The  Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary. 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  IV.  p^cE, 

Land  and  Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1778 i 

St.  Paul's  Church,  Norfolk,  1848 8 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 9 

Slave  Owners,  P.  A.  Co.,  1779 26 

Norfolk  Academy,  1848 29 

The  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 32 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1850 34 

Soap  and  Candles,  1767 35 

Witchcraft  in  Virginia 36 

Price  of  Sugar,  1787 .-. 36 

Schools 36 

The  Marchant  Family 39 

Princess  Anne  County  Marria)s:es 40 

A  Valuable  Relic 46 

The  Owners  of  Watches,  Princess  Anne  County,  1859 47 

The  Norfolk  and  Richmon(tf  team  Boat,  18 16 49 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 54 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1780 64 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 69 

Trinity  Church,  Portsmouth 72 

A  List  of  White  Persons  and  Houses  in  Princess  Anne  in  March,  1785    75 

Undertakers  Bill,  1809 75 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  i860 76 

Billiards 77 

The  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 78 

M^irriages  Performed  by  Rev.  Smith  Sherwood 89 

Marriages  Performed  by  Rev.  H.  J.  Chandler 93 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 96 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 100 

Duelling , 106 

Norfolk  Schools,  1795 106 

The  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 109 

Store  Bill,  1753 113 

Property  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1782 1 14 

Large  Families  in  P.  A.  Co 146 

Princess  Anne  Marriages 147 

The  Norfolk  Academy,  1840 150 

Free  and  Slave,  Norfolk  County,  1782 163 

Carriage  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1852 166 

Miss  Serena  Holden  and  Her  School 169 

Abstracts  from  Norfolk  County  Marriage  Bonds 170 

Slave  Owners,  Princess  Anne  County,  1840 174 

Store  Bill,  1807 182 

The  Church  in  Lower  Norfolk  County 183 

Rev.  George  HaI#on 184 

An  Invitation  from  General  Arnold  186 

Baltimore:  Press  of  the  Friedenwald  Company,  1904. 

Circulation  Private.  ap.i904-i)T. 


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\ 


CITY  BANK  OF  RICHMOND, 


VIRC3H2>TIA.- 


CAPITAL, $400,000 

SURPLUS,        ......        $100,000 


WM.  H.  PALMER.  President.  E.  B.  ADDISON.  Vice-President. 

ap.i905-iyr.  J.  W.  SINTON,  Cashier. 

Capital,  $200,000.00.  Surplus,  $741,877.00. 

Deposits,  $4,848,000.00. 

Merchants   National    Bank, 

RICHMOND,   FA. 

United  States,  State  and  City  Depository. 

n^  INTEREST  PAID   IN 
0%  SAVINGS  DEPTM'T 

Mercantile  Accounts  Handled  on  Most  Favorable  Terms. 


JOHH  P.  BRANCH,  President.                               J.  R.  PERDUE.  Asst.  Cashier. 
JOHN  KERR  BRANCH.  Vice-Prest.                     THOS.  B.  McADAMS,  Asst.  Cashier. 
JOHN  F.  GLENN,  Cashier.                                     GEO.  H.  KEESEE,  Asst.  Cashier. 
oct.i905-iyr. 

Medical  College  of  Virginia, 

ESTABLINHED  183S. 

DEPARTMENTS  OF  MEDICINE.  DENTISTRY  &  PHARMACY 

THE  SIXTY-EIGHTH  SESSION  VS^ILL 
COMMENCE     SEPTEMBER    26,    1905 

Excellent  Theoretical  Course  with  Thorough  Practical  and 
Clinical  Instruction  in  the  Memorial  Hospital,  City  Free 
Dispensary,  and  New  and  WeU-Eqipped  Laboratories,  all 
under  the  exclusive  control  of  the  College,  together  with 
the  State  Penitentiary  Hospital,  City  Almshouse  and  other 
Public  Institutions. 

FOR   CATALOGUE,  ADDRESS 

CHRISTOPHER    TOMPKINS,    M.    D.,  Dean, 
326  College  Street,  Richmond,  Va. 

apl.<ftjy.05 

FENLAND  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 

Edited  by  REV.  W.  D.  SWEETING.  M.A., 

Holy  Trinity  Vicarage,  Rotherhithe,  London,  S.  E. 

A  Quarterly  Journal  devoted  to  the  Antiquities,  Geology,  Natural 
Features,  Parochial  Records,  Family  History,  Legends  and  Traditions. 
Folk  Lore,  Curious  Customs,  etc.,  of  the  Fenland,  in  the  Counties  of 
Huntingdon,  Cambridge.  Lincoln,  Northampton,  Norfolk  and  Suffolk. 
Price  IS.  6d.  per  quarter,  by  post,  is.  8d.  A  year's  subscription,  if  paid  in 
advance, 6s  — post  free.  Vols.  1,11,  111  and  IV  now  ready,  neatly  bound, 
leather  back,  cloth  sides,  gilt  top.  lettered,  15s.  each. 

Peterborough :  Geo.  C.  Caster,  Market  Place. 

London:  Simpkin  Marshall  &  Co.,  Ld.;  and  Elliot  Stock. 


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LOWEST  PBICES.  FINEST  GOODS. 

DIAMONDS. 

WATCHES.   JEWELRY, 

STERLING  SILVERWARE 

Fine  Repairing.     Crests  and  Coats  of  Arms  Artis- 
tically Engraved. 

€.  liUJIISDSN    A   HOIS, 

apl.-oot.05.  731  E.  Main  SU^  Michmond,  Va. 

i^NTIQXJES. 

J",    in.    BIO-QS, 

515  EAST  MAIN  STREET,         -  RICHMOND,  VA. 

Largest  collection  of  Original  Old  Pieces  in  the  State.  Antique 
Furniture,  Old  Brass,  Cut  Glass,  Copper  Plate,  Old  China,  Engravings, 
Paintings,  etc.  Special  attention  given  to  packing  all  goods  sent  out 
of  the  City.  apl.05-lyr. 

OUR  ANCESTORS. 

THE   HISTORY  OF  FAMILIES   OF  PITTSYL- 
VANIA COUNTY,  VIRGINIA. 


Pittsylvania  County  is  the  largest  county  in  the  State  of  Virginia, 
and  was  once  even  larger,  embracing  the  territory  now  known  as  the 
counties  of  Patrick  and  Henry.  Being  incorporated  in  1767,  Pittsyl- 
vania has  had  an  interesting  history  of  its  own  for  138  years,  covering 
the  turbulent  times  of  the  Revolution. 

The  records  and  will  books  of  the  county  are  very  complete  and 
thorough,  and  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservation,  giving  a  list  of  all  offi- 
cers in  the  early  magisterial  courts;  many  rpsters  of  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  Revolution  and  Civil  Wars  and  numbers  of  declarations  of  the 
Revolutionary  soldiers. 

From  this  county  have  gone  many  pioneers  of  iron  nerve,  who 
settled  the  vast  South  and  West,  and  the  descendants  of  these  men 
would  find  the  records  of  this  county  of  untold  interest. 

I  am  in  a  position  to  furnish  copies  of  and  data  from  these  records 
at  a  nominal  price,  and  would  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  any  one 
desiring  information  concerning  them. 

Mrs.  NATHANIEL  E.  CLEMENT, 
Member  of  Virginia  Historical  Society, 

Chatham,  Pittsylvania  County,  Va. 


I 


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WBITE   US  when  looking  for  rare  and  choice 
books,  particularly  Virginiana. 

OUT.OF«PRIJrT  Books,  not  in  stock,  sought 
for  and  supplied  promptly. 

This  department  has  the  personal  attention  of  our 
Mr.  J.  J.  English,  Jr.,  formerly  with  Randolph  & 
English.  Mr.  English  has  had  forty  years'  experience 
in  the  book  trade,  thereby  fitting  us  to  supply  speedily, 
and  at  reasonable  prices,  any  books  needed. 

Correspondence  and  lists  of  books  solicited  from 
collectors  everywhere. 

The  Bell  Book  &  Stationery  Co. 

914  E.    MAIN    STREET, 
i„,y,^..,,  RICHMOND,  VA. 


The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  which  is  issued 
quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  will  accept  for  publica- 
tion a  limited  number  of  advertisements  of  a  suitable  character. 

The  special  attention  of  Schools,  Colleges  and  Booksellers  are 
called  to  these  rates. 

The  edition  of  the  Magazine  is  1,200  copies,  and  its  circulation  is 
constantly  increasing  among  foreign  and  American  scholars. 

Those  who  have  old   books,  pamphlets,  antique  furniture,  curios, 

etc.,  for  sale  will  find  it  of  advantage  to  avail  themselves  of  this  medium 

of  advertising  them. 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD,  Editor, 

707  E,  Franklin^  Richmond^  Va, 


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The  Virginia  Historical  Society. 


Mentbem  art  rcqu«Hted  to  solidt  coritril)utiaiis  of  books,  itiaps,  pof* 
uai  tH,  nod  maniiscripts  ol  hbtoricaJ  value  or  importaoce,  parUciilarly 
idcb  as  mv^y  throw  U^bt  upon  the  poUllcal,  social  or  relJKicMis  life  cif 
ihe  people  af  Virc^iJiia. 

*rhc  Sockiy  w^  become  tb€  custodian  of  Audi  artkle&  ot  \hm  ctmr* 
^trr  as  the  poescssotv  may  from  any  caitse  be  unwUluig  lo  give,  nod 
in  die  case  of  faintly  papers  or  other  mantiacrtpts  wbkh  it  may  be 
tint]eftirab]e  to  puliliiihr  it  will,  upoa  request,  keep  them  co<ifidenH»l. 

M^A  Urgxi  Jire  finra/ safe  has  been  seaircd  and  placed  in  the 
Sodcty*s  biutdlog,  ui  whidi  all  aianuscripis  and  papefB  of  value  are 
euefuEy  preierved  by  the  Librarian* 

In  the  vlci^itiidcit  of  war,  aod  the  repealed  removals  to  which  the 
Society^s  Library  has  been  subjected,  many  Tottunef  have  been  lost 
and  the  sets  broken.  Odd  vc^amesi  from  the  collectiooi  tdlts  metn- 
beia  and  ucll^wishefa  mil  therefore  be  gratefully  received* 

It  i$  evpecialty  desirable  to  secure  as  complete  a  collection  as  possi- 
ble of  early  Virginia  newspap^^rs,  periodicals  and  almanacs. 

Any  t>ook  or  paujplilct  wtitiefi  by  a  naJive  or  resident  of  Virginia, 
published  or  printed  ui  Viri^nta,  or  in  any  way  relating  to  Virginia 
or  Virginians,  will  be  accepted  and  prederved. 

TAe  S&ci^ly  requests  ^fts  9/ pk^ipgmphs  {i^a^mel  si^e)  c/ ^M  fi^^* 
iraiis  q/  Virginians^  or  pk&fagrapks,  driumngs^  &c.^  &f  Conis  pf 
Arms  q/  VirgimaJ^miiiis^  Ai^ums  Amfr  &i^H  pravid^^  and  am  i«- 
i^resH^g.  c^I^tH^n  Aas  already  ^tn  m4id£. 


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THE 


STATE  BANK  OF  VIRGINIA, 


RICHMOND,  VTRGrNIA, 


CAPITAL,         ,        -        _ 
SURPLUS  &  PROFITS, 


$800,000 
$270,000 


JOHN  S^  ELLETT,  /^M'dmt  WM-  Iki  HILL»  OMfr. 


Ate?cancler  Cameron^ 
Win.  M,  Hill. 
Horace  S  Hawes* 


J.  L*  Anifim* 


ShVB   DEPOSIT   BOXES   hX)R    REin\ 


mta,t9^ttr* 


The  First  National  Bank 

OF  RICHMOND,  VA. 


tuii4i?id»d  PM0CM. — .«-„.«^.p —  lao^ooj  v*t*"v,«wv.vv 

Depusltl.. ..**...... - -..- 4t500,000.(K> 

Ixwtii -.-,,,,,,,, -„...„ .-.,  4,50O,M0.W 

IbUI  RmmrMi....... ,.« e^saaiOOO.OO 

Tbb  i5  ihr-  Tftr£f-Ft  Bank  in  Vlttfiola,  and  by  rrnsati  of  its  larg^  volume 
of  Uusiitt:;!^  and  favorabk  couuecnoui^  North,  Soulti^  East  tnd  West,  e^- 
XnmXs  fficitkie^  a.1  mtt!^  which  *!imalicr  Banlcii  can  not  a.6bnl  Tbe  expense 
of  iiandtin^  .1  krgi;,  wrM  sy^tc^matiAc^d  bunness  »  also  less  in  pmpoition  than 
UiM  af  u  3m^li«r  iTLSlitution. 

Tke  First  Hatf<^iial  Banit  in  addition  to  the  Urge  bu^indss  of  lis  Rkfa- 
mofid  piUrun.'i,  b;indlt;i,  BY  MAIL,  hundr^da  of  accauat^  Uxr  Mertluiiits, 
Manufactarerx,  Corporiition:^,  ladividuatx  and  Banks  tlirongfioriit  Vinpnmj 
West  Virginia^  Nurlh  Carahas,  South  Caraltni  and  Geori^. 

We  ja^ie  personal  iatervit«5  or  corrcipoadence  from  prospective 

janii  M  MiLLsxJf^  Vice'Pre5iiiieat«ad  Cashier* 
CiiA^E.  R.  BimNKTT.  AssiftiniCasMftr, 

J»  C  JoFUtK,  Afii^Rtfutt  CaslHer. 

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i 


$5.00  per  Annum.  Single  No.  $1.50 

THE 

VIRGINIA  MAGAZINE 

OF 

HISTORY  AND  BIOGRAPHY. 


PUBLISHED  QUARTERLY  BY  THE 

VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL    SOCIETY, 
RICHMOND,  VA. 


VOL.  XIII— No.    4.  AHRIL,  1G06. 


Entered  at  the  Postotlice  at  Richmond,  Va.,  as  Second-dasa  Matter. 

VVM.  ELLIS  JONES.  PRINTER,         ^'^'^'^^"^  ^^ 
1307  R*  Franklin  St. 


Google 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE. 


ARCHER  ANDERSON,       CHAS.  V.  MEREDITH, 
E.  W.  JAMES,  E.  V.  VALENTINE, 

Rev.  W.  MEADE  CLARK. 


EDITOR  OF  THE   MAGAZINE, 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD. 


CONTENTS. 

1. 1  Revolutionary  Army  Orders,  for  the  Main  Army 

under  Washington,  1778-1779 337 

2.  The    Early  Westward    Movement    of  Virginia, 

1722-34 351 

3.  Virginia  in  1639-40,    From  the  English  Public 

Record  Office 375 

4.  Council  and  General  Court  Records 389 

5.  Virginia  Gleanings  in  England 402 

6.  Meade,  R.  K.,  Letter  of 409 

7.  Virginia  I^egislative  Papi^rrA,  1774-75 411 

8.  Historical  and  Genealogical  Notes  and  Queries 425 

9.  Fredericksburg     Virginia    Gazette,    1787-1803. 

Memoranda  from 425 

10.  Genealogy 441 

The  Brent,  Brooke  and  Mallory*  Families. 

11.  Book  Reviews 447 

12.  History  in  its  Relation  to  Literature.  An  Ad- 

dress Before  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Historical  Society.  By  Prof.  W.  P.  Trent.       451 


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THE 

Virginia  Magazine 

OF 

HISTORY  AND   BJOGI^PHY. 


Vol.  XIIL  APRIL,  1906.  No.  4. 

REVOLUTIONARY  ARMY  ORDERS 
For  the  Main  Army  under  Washington.     1778-1779. 


(From  Originals  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.) 


[Among  the  manuscript  collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical 
Society  are  five  small  volumes  somewhat  worn  and  faded,  and 
frequently  the  writing  is  difficult  to  read. 

These  books  were  presented  to  the  Society  many  years  ago 
by  the  heirs  of  Col.  Charles  Dabney,  amongr  whose  papers  they 
were  found. 

Charles  Dabney  was  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Second  Vir- 
ginia Regiment,  and  is  on  the  roll  as  such  on  June  17th,  1778. 
He  subsequently  served  as  Colonel  of  a  Virginia  State  Regi- 
ment from  1778  to  1781.  These  orders — none  of  which  have 
ever  been  printed — cover  the  operations  of  the  main  army  under 
General  Washington  nearly  throughout  the  momentous  years 
1778  and  1779. 

From  the  writing  and  spelling  it  is  evident  that  most  of  them 
have  been  copied  in  the  books  by  persons  of  very  limited  educa- 
tion, who  have  apparently,  as  far  as  spelling  is  concerned,  not 
transcribed  the  orders  correctly.  From  other  sources  it  is  known 
that  many  of  the  persons  who  issued  these  orders  were  better  ac- 
quainted with  the  ordinary  rules  of  spelling  than  those  who  made 


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338  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  copies  now  preserved.  It  appears  from  the  dates  given  on 
the  fly  leaf  of  the  first  volume,  that  several  months  in  the  early 
part  of  1778  are  missing  from  the  record.] 


Revolutionary  Order  Book — Headquarters,  Jan.  1778 
TO  Headquarters,  June  3,  1778. 

May  3  1778.* 

Brigadier  to  morrow  Maxwell*  F.  O.  Colo  Wesson'  &  Maj' 

Brigade  Major  Bannester* 

The  Inspector  from  Larnards* 

For  Detachment  Cololonel  Hall  &  Major  Sumner. 

In  future  no  Guard  in  Camp  is  to  be  suffered  to  remain  on 
Duty  more  than  48  hours  without  being  releived.  On  Monday 
next  the  several  Brigades  will  begin  their  exercise  at  Six  o' Clock 
and  Continue  till  8  O* Clock  in  the  morning  and  from  5  to  6 
O'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  men  for  Guard  not  to  attend  the 
exercise.  The  Medicine  Chests  from  L*  Sterlings'  Devision  to 
be  sent  to  the  Yellow  Springs  immediately  to  be  Refilled  by  the 
Apothecary  Gen' — The  Paymaster  of  the  Marqus'  and  Gen* 
Wains  Devision  are  to  Call  on  the  P.  M.  Gen'  for  a  months  Pay 
next  Monday.  Poors',  Glovers*  the  Barren  De  Calbs  on  Tues- 
day,   Weedens*"   Muhlenburgs   the   Artillery    &    Maxwells   on 

*  At  the  date  upon  which  these  orders  begin  the  American  Army  un- 
der General  Washington  was  still  stationed  at  Valley  Forge  where  it 
had  passed  its  famous  winter. 

On  June  18th  the  British  Forces  evacuated  Philadelphia. 

*  Brigadier  William  Maxwell  of  New  Jersey. 
•Col.  James  Wesson  of  Massachusetts. 

*  Probably  Captain  Seth  Banister  of  Massachusetts. 

*  Brigadier  General  Ebenezer  Lamed  of  Massachusetts. 

•Maj.  Gen.  William  Alexander,  commonly  called  from  the  Scottish 
title  claimed  by  him  Lord  Sterling. 
^  Marquis  de  la  Fayette. 
®  Brigadier  General  Enoch  Poor  of  New  Jersey. 

*  Brigadier  General  John  Glover  of  Massachusetts. 
^®  Brigadier  General  George  Weedon  of  Virginia. 


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REVOLUTIONARY  ARMY  RECORDS.  339 

Wednesday,  late  Conways,  Varnoms"  &  Mclntoshes"  on  Thurs- 
day. 

for  Guard  ...  ^ic        *        * 

W.  Command  .         .  *        *        * 

Muhlenburgs  *        *        * 


May  4  1778. 

A  Brigade  Court  Martial  whereof  Major  *  *  *  is  Presi- 
dent to  set  to  morrow  at  the  President's  Quarters  at  10  O* Clock 
for  the  Tryal  of  all  the  Prisoners  in  the  Brigade.  G.  O.  Bri- 
gadier Gen*  to  morrow  Waine  F.  O.  Col**  Martin  Maj'  Hust. 
Brigade  Major  Haskell."    The  Inspector  from  Pattersons." 

The  Sub  &  Brigade  Inspectors  are  to  be  pointedly  exact  in 
pursueing  the  writen  instructions  of  the  Inspector  General — 
that  the  strictest  uniformity  may  be  observed  throughout  the 
whole  army  they  are  not  to  practice  a  single  manoeuver  without 
his  directions  nor  any  method  different  from  it  any  alteration  or 
innovation  will  again  plunge  the  army  into  that  contrarity  and 
confusion  from  which  it  is  indeavouring  to  amend.  The  hours 
of  exercise  are  also  to  be  exactly  attended  to  by  each  Brigade 
for  which — that  no  difference  may  arrise  in  account  of  watches, 
*  *  *  attention  is  to  be  added  to  the  Order  of  the  ist  April 
last,  for    *    *    *    them  by  that  of  the  Adjutant  Gen* . 

The  Commander  in  Chief  requests  the  Brigadiers  &  Officers 
Commanding  Brigades  will  see  that  these  Orders  are  strictly 
complyed  with,  hopeing  we  shall  not  slip  the  golden  oppertunity 
which  now  presents  its  self  of  disciplineing  the  army  and  that 
each  Brigade  will  vie  with  each  other  in  arriveing  at  the  highest 
and  earliest  pitch  of  excellency.  For  the  sake  of  decency  the 
Gen*  hopes  that  the  Commanding  Officers  of  Regiments  will 
order  their  necessaries  to  be  hid  with  boughs  or  hurdles — the  last 
tho  more  troublesome  at  first  will  allways  serve  as  they  can  easyly 


"  Brigadier  General  James  M.  Varnum  of  Rhode  Island. 
"  Brigadier  General  Lachlan  Mcintosh  of  Georgia. 
"  Major  Elnathan  Haskell  of  Massachusetts. 
**  Brig.  General  John  Paterson  of  Massachusetts. 


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340  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

be  removed — stricter  attention  is  Requested  to  the  Order  15th 
last  March  respecting  hides. 


C 

S 

S 

c 

P 

for  Guard 

I. 

- 

I. 

I. 

6 

Weeks  Comm* 

. 

I. 

0. 

0. 

2 

Muhlenburgs 

. 

- 

- 

I. 

9 

Court  Martial 

2. 

I. 

- 

- 

- 

3- 

2. 

I. 

2. 

17 

Head  Quarters  May  5  1778. 

Brigadier  to  morrow  Poor  F.  O.  Colo^  Nagle"  &  Maj'  Gilman. 

Brigade  Major  Seely"  Inspector  from  VVeedons  Brigade. 

Aaron  Ogden"  Esq'  is  appointed  Brigade  Major  in  General 
*    *    *     Brigade  and  is  to  be  obeyed  and  Respected  as  such. 

Mr.  Davis  Bevan  is  appointed  by  the  Quarter  Master 

superinting  the  Artificers  and  to  Deliver  out  boards  plank  &c 
in  future.  Therefore,  when  boards  or  planks  are  wanting  or 
Artificers  are  necessary  to  do  any  Jobs  in  the  army,  an  Order 
signed  by  a  General  Officer  or  Officers  Commanding  Brigades 
or  Brigade  Quarter  Masters  and  derected  to  Mr.  Bevan  at 
Sullivans  Bridge  will  be  duly  attended  to.  If  their  are  any 
Comb  makers  in  the  Army  the  Brigadiers  and  Officers  Com- 
manding Brigades  are  desired  to  make  a  return  of  them  to  the 
Adjutant  General.  A  Flag  goes  into  Philadelphia  next  fry- 
day.  At  a  Gen*  Court  Martial  whereof  Col*  Tyler  was 
President  at  the  Gulph  Mills  May  2,  '78,  Jn*  Maneld 
a  Soldier  in  Colonel  Henry  Jackson's**  Regiment  Tryed 
for  desertion  from  his  Post  whilst  on  Gentry  and  unanimously 
found  guilty  of  a  Breach  of  Article  the  i"  Section  6  &  Article 
the  6  Section  13  of  the  articles  of  war  and  unanimously  Sentenced 
to  be  hanged  by  the  neck  till  he  is  Dead.     At  a  Brigade  Court 


"Col.  Geo.  Nagel  of  Pennsylvania. 
*•  Major  Isaac  Seeley  of  Pennsylvania. 
"  Aaron  Ogden  of  New  Jersey. 

"Col.  Henry  Jackson  of  Massachusetts.       The  Virginia  Historical 
Society  possesses  many  of  his  letters  and  other  papers. 


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REVOLUTIONARY    ARMY   ORDERS.  341 

Martial  whereof  Colonel  Becker  was  President  Ap*  24,  '78 
Thomas  Hartnel  a  soldier  in  the  2  Pennsylvania  Regiment  tryed 
for  deserting  to  the  Enimy  found  Guilty  and  unanimously  Sen- 
tanced  to  be  hanged  by  the  neck  till  he  is  Dead,  his  Excellency 
the  Commander  in  Chief  approves  the  foregoing  Sentences. 
The  General  Court  Martial  whereof  Colonel  Tyler  was  Presidant 
is  disolved.  • 

S  C  P 

for  Guard     .         .         .         .         i.  -  6 

W  Command        ...  3 

Muhlenburgs  .  i.  i.  10 

2.  I.  19 

After  General  Orders 


Mav  5  1778. 

*  It  haveing  pleased  the  almighty  Ruler  of  the  Universe  Propi- 
tiously to  defend  the  Cause  of  the  United  American  States  and 
finally  by  Raising  us  up  a  powerfuU  friend  amongst  the  Princes 
of  the  Earth  to  establish  our  Liberties  &  Independance  upon 
lasting  foundations — it  becomes  us  to  set  apart  a  day  for  great- 
fully  acknowledging  the  Divine  Goodness,  &  Celebrating  the 
important  event  which  we  owe  to  his  benign  interposition 
— the  several  Brigades  are  to  assemble  for  that  purpose  at 
9  O'clock  tomorrow  morning  when  their  Chaplains  will  Com- 
municate the  Inteligence  contained  in  the  Pennsylvania  Gazette 
of  the  2  Instant,  and  offer  a  thanks  given  and  deliver  a  discourse 
suitable  to  the  occasion — at  half  after  ten  o'Clock  a  Cannon  will 
be  fired  which  is  to  be  a  signal  for  the  men  to  be  under  arras. 
The  Brigade  Inspectors  will  then  inspect  their  dress  and  arms, 
form  the  Battilions  according  to  the  instructions  given  them,  and 
announce  to  the  Commanding  officer  of  Brigade  that  the  Bat- 
tilions are  formed — the  Brigadier  or  Commandants  will  then 
appoint  the  Field  Officers  to  Command  the  Battilions  after  which 
Battilions  will  be  ordered  to  load  and  Ground  their  arms — at 


♦On  February  6,  1778,  France  made  treaties  of  friendship  and  com- 
merce and  of  defensive  alliance  with  the  United  States,  and  in  March 
formally  communicated  to  England  her  treaties  with  America. 


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842  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

half  after  eleven  a  second  Cannon  will  be  fired  as  a  signal  for 
the  march,  upon  which  the  several  Brigades  will  begin  their 
march,  by  wheeling  to  the  Right  by  Platoons,  and  proceed  by 
the  nearest  way  to  the  left  of  their  ground  in  the  new  Position, 
this  will  be  pointed  out  by  the  Brigade  Inspectors,  a  third  signal 
will  be  given  upon  which  their  will  be  a  discharge  of  13  Ginnon, 
when  the  13th  *  *  a  runing  fire  of  the  Infantry  will  begin 
on  the  right  of  *  *  *  ,  &  Continuing  thro  out  the  whole 
frunt  line — it  will  then  be  taken  up  on  the  left  of  2d  line  and  . 
Continue  to  the  Right — upon  a  signal  Given  the  whole  army 
will  Huzza  long  live  the  King  of  France.  The  Artillery  then 
begin  again  and  fires  13  Rounds  this  will  be  succeeded  by  a  second 
General  discharge  of  Musketry  in  runing  fire — Huzza  and  long 
live  the  Friendly  Europion  Powers — then  the  last  discharge  of 
13  Pieces  of  Artillery  will  be  given,  followed  by  a  General  run- 
ing fire  &  Huzza  to  the  American  States,  their  will  be  no  exer- 
cise in  the  morning  and  the  dayly  guards  will  not  Parade  till 
after  the  Feu  de  Joye  is  finished — when  the  Brigade  Majors  will 
march  them  out  to  the  Grand  Parade,  the  Adjutants  then  tell 
off  their  Battalions  with  8  Platoons  and  the  Commanding  Officers 
re-conduct  them  to  their  Camps  marching  from  the  left.  Maj' 
Gen*  Lord  Sterling  will  Command  on  the  Right — the  Marquis 
De  La  Fayette  on  the  left — and  Baron  De  Calb  the  2d  Line- 
each  Major  General  will  Conduct  the  first  Brigade  of  his  Com- 
mand to  its  Ground.  The  other  Brigades  will  be  conducted  by 
their  Commanding  officers  in  seperate  Columns,  the  post  of 
each  Brigade  will  be  pointed  out  by  the  Baron  Stubins**  Aids. 
Maj'  Walker  will  attend  L*  Sterling,  Maj'  Duponso  the  Marquis 

De  La  Fayette  & Linfant,  the  Baron  De  Calb — the  line 

is  to  be  formed Interval  of  a  foot  between  the  Files. 

Each  man  is  to  have  a  Jill  of  Rum,  the  Quarter  Masters  of  the 
several  Brigades  are  to  apply  to  Adjutant  General  for  an  Order 
on  the  Commissary  of  Military  Stores  for  the  number  of  Blank 
Cartridges  that  may  be  wanted. 


"  Baron  Von  Steuben. 


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REVOLUTIONARY   ARMY   ORDER^.  848 

Head  Quarters  Valley  Forge  May  6  1778. 
S       S       C       P 
Detail  for  Guard  .         .         i.       i.       -        5 

Muhlenburgs        .         .         .         ^       -        i.       9 

I.       1.       I.     14 


Head  Quarters  May  7th  1778. 

Brigadier  to  morrow  Muhlenburg — F.  O.  Colo  Farmer**  & 
Maj'  Varnom. 

Brigade  Major  Tynechie  Inspector  from  Muhlenburgs. 

Brigadier  Maxwell  Colo  Broadhead"  Colo*  Bruger  L*  Col* 
Sherman"  L*  Colo  Haskell  Maj'  Hopkins  &  Major  Porter. 

The  Detachment  to  be  on  the  Grand  parade  this  evening  at  4 
O'clock — 12  Captains  24  subs  24  Serjeants,  24  Corporals,  4 
Drums  &  fifes  &  576  Privates  to  be  paraded  this  afternoon  pre- 
paired  for  a  weeks  Command — two  light  field  pieces  are  to  be 
attached  to  this  Command,  Colo  Vanskykers  Regiment  will 
mount  the  Piquet  at  Cuckolds  town  till  further  orders. 

W"  Barber"  Fsq'  is  appointed  A.  D.  C.  to  Maj'  Gen*  Lord 

Sterling  Vice Williams  resigned  and  is  to  be  respected 

accordingly. 

The  Hono  Congress  have  been  pleased  by  a  resolution  of  the 
3  February  last  to  require  all  officers  as  well  Civell  as  Military 
holding  Commissions  under  them  to  take  and  subscribe  the  fol- 
lowing Oath  or  Affirmation  according  to  the  Circumstances  of 
the  Parties: 

I  do  acknowledge  the  united  States  of  America  to  be  free  In- 
dependant  &  Soverign  States  and  declair  the  people  thereof 
owe  no  allegiance  or  obediance  to  George  the  3d  of  Great 
Britain,  and  I  renounce  refuse  and  abjure  any  allegiance  to 
him  and  I  do  swear  (or  Affirm)  that  I  will  to  the  utmost  of  my 
power  support   maintain  and  defend   the  said   United   States 

^  Probably  Col.  Lewis  Farmer  of  Pennsylvania. 
"  Col.  Daniel  Broadhead  of  Pennsylvania. 
"Lt.  Col.  Isaac  Sherman  of  Connecticut. 
"Maj.  Wm.  Barber  of  New  Jersey. 


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844  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

against  the  said  King  George  the  3d  his  heirs  and  successors 
and  his  and  their  abettors  assistants  and  adherants  and  will  serve 

the  said  United  State  in  the  office  of which  I  now  hold 

with  fidelity,  according  to  my  best  skill  and  understanding. 

Sworn  to  before  me  at . 

In  order  to  accomplish  this  very  interesting  and  essential 
work  as  early  as  possible.  The  following  Officers  are  to  ad- 
minister the  oath  and  give  Certificates  to  Officers  of  the  Division 
or  Brigade  and  Corps  set  against  their  names,  including  the 
Staff— Maj'  Gen*  L*  Sterling,  Marquis  De  La  Fayette,  to  those 
of  Woodfords"*  and  Scotts**  Brigades.  Baron  De  Calb  to  those 
of  Glovers  and  Learnards  Brigades,  Brig'  Mcintosh  to  those  of 
the  North  Carolina  Brigades,  Brig'  Gen*  Maxwell  to  those  of  his 
own  Brigade,  Brigadier  General  Knox  to  those  of  the  Artillery 
in  Camp  and  Officers  of  Military  Stores,  Brigadier  Gen*  Poor  to 
those  of  his  own  Brigade,  Brigadier  Gen*  Varnum  to  those  of 
his  own  and  Huntingtons  Brigades,  Brig'  Gen'  Patterson  to 
those  of  his  own  brigade.  Brig'  Waine  to  those  of  the  ist  &  2d 
Pensylvania  brigades,  Brigadier  Muhlenburg  to  those  of  his 
own  and  Weedons  brigades.  Printed  copies  of  the  oath  will  be 
immediately  lodged  in  the  hands  of  the  Major  and  Brigadier 
Generals  to  facilitate  the  business,  the  Gen*  administering  the 
oaths  will  keep  a  duplicate  of  the  same  and  to  grant  Certificates 
when  it  is  made — in  the  beginning  of  the  oath,  the  Names,  Rank 
and  Corps  of  the  party  makeing  it  are  to  be  inserted,  the  duplicate 
of  the  oath  and  Certificate  is  to  be  returned  to  head  Quarters  by 
the  Generals  who  will  also  keep  those  respecting  the  officers  of 
each  Regiment  by  themselves,  that  an  arraingment  of  the  whole 
may  be  made  with  greater  ease  and  accuracy.  Major  General 
Green  is  to  administer  the  same  oath  and  grant  the  same  Certifi- 
cate to  the  officers  of  his  department.  The  Commissary  of  Pro- 
visions both  Issuing  and  purchaseing  and  to  the  Commissary  of 
Forage  and  his  deputies,  besides  which  he  is  to  administer  to 
the  said  Officers  respectively  the  following  oath  and  to  grant 

duplicate  Certificates,  I do  swear  (or  Affirm)  that 

I  will  faithfully  truly  and  impartially  execute  the  Office  of 

**  Brigadier  General  William  Woodford  of  Virginia. 
"  Brigadier  General  Charles  Scott  of  Virginia. 


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REVOLUTIONARY  ARMY  ORDERS.  346 

to  which  I  am  appointed  and  render  a  true  account  when  their- 
unto  required  of  all  publick  monies  by  me  received  or  expended 
and  of  all  Stores  and  other  Effects  to  me  intrusted  which  belongs 
to  the  united  States,  and  will  in  all  respects  discharge  the  trust 
reposed  in  me  with  Justice  and  integrity  to  the  best  of  my  skill 

and  understanding.     Sworn  to  by  me  this  day  of 1778. 

The  Commander  in  Chief  takes  occation  to  proclaim  Pardon 
to  all  prisoners  whatsoever,  now  in  confinement  wether  in  the 
Provost  or  any  other  Place:  this  he  is  induced  to  do  from  a 
desire  that  the  influence  of  our  prosperity  may  be  as  extencive 
as  possible  and  from  an  unwillingness  of  those  who  merit  punish- 
ment rather  than  favour  shoud  be  excluded  from  the  benefit  of 
an  event  so  interesting  to  mankind  as  that  which  has  lately 
happened  in  the  affaii*s  of  America.  He  hopes  the  indulgence 
will  not  be  abused  but  will  excite  gratitude  in  all  those  who  are 
objects  of  it,  and  produce  a  change  of  Conduct  and  an  abhor- 
rence of  every  Practice  inconsistant  with  the  duty  they  owe 
their  Country.  The  Commander  in  Chief  takes  perticular  pleas- 
ure in  acquainting  the  army  that  their  Conduct  Yesterday  af- 
forded him  the  highest  satisfaction,  the  exactness  and  order 
with  which  their  movements  were  performed  is  a  pleasing  evi- 
dence of  the  progress  they  are  making  in  Military  improvements, 
and  an  earnest  of  the  perfectness  to  which  they  will  shortly 
arrive  with  a  Continuance  of  that  laudible  Zeal  and  emulation 
which  so  happily  prevails.  The  General  at  the  same  time  pre- 
sents his  thanks  to  Baron  Stuben  and  the  Gentlemen  acting 
under  him  for  the  Indefatigable  exertions  of  the  dutys  of  their 
office,  the  good  effect  of  which  are  allready  so  apparent,  and  for 
the  care,  activity  &  propriety  manifested  in  conducting  the 
Bussiness  of  yesterday. 

Head  Quarters  Vally  Forge  May  8  1778. 
Brigadier  Gen*  to  morrow  Patterson,  F.  O.  L*. 
Colonel  Syme  &  Major  Pauling. 
Brigade  Major  Marvin. 
Inspector  from  Maxwell. 

S       C       P 
For  Guard        .         .         .         .  i.       -        5 

Gen*  Muhlenburgs     .  .  i.       i.       9 


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346  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Head  Quarters  Vally  Forge  May  9  1778. 

Brigadier  to  Morrow  Waine  F.  O.  Colonel. 

Selia  &  L'  CoP  Gray. 

Brigade  Major  Johnson. 

Inspector  from  late  Con  ways. 

The  hours  appointed  for  the  exercise  of  the  Troops  having 
been  changed  makes  it  necessary  to  alter  the  hours  appointed  for 
the  Drumers  to  practice  which  will  for  the  future  be  from  5  to  6 
in  the  morning  &  from  4  to  5  in  the  afternoon,  any  Drumer  that 
shall  be  found  practiceing  at  any  other  time  than  the  above 
mentioned  shall  be  severely  punished. 

The  Adjutants  of  the  several  Regiments  are  to  pay  perticular 
attention  to  this  order  as  they  will  bfe  answerable  for  the  execu- 
tion of  it.  The  use  of  the  drums  are  as  signals  to  the  army  and 
if  every  Drumer  is  allowed  to  beat  at  their  pleasure  the  inten- 
tion is  intirely  distroyed  as  it  will  be  impossibe  to  distinguish 
wheter  thay  are  beating  for  their  own  pleasure  or  for  a  signal 
for  the  Troops. 

The  Congress  has  been  pleased  to  appoint  Baron  Stuben  In- 
spector General  with  the  rank  of  Major  General  and  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief  being  invested  with  power  to  appoint  the  In- 
spector and  Brigade  Inspectors  he  Continues  in  Office  those 
who  have  allready  bin  nominated  and  appointed — The  languid 
progress  of  the  essential  works  of  defence  which  have  bin 
traced  by  the  Engineers  gives  the  Commander  in  Chief  real 
concern — The  calls  upon  those  officers  who  superintend  them  to 
use  their  utmost  exertions  to  have  them  Completed  without  loss 
of  time — At  a  General  Court  Martial  whereof  Colo*  Febeger 
was  Presidant  May  5  78  Robert  Anderson  late  Waggon  Master 
in  the  Marquis  Division  Tryed  for  selling  a  Riffle  marked  U.  S. 
found  guilty  and  sentanced  to  redeem  the  Riffle  and  return  it  to 
the  first  Pensylvania  Regiment  to  which  the  person  who  lately 
had  it  in  possession  belonged,  approved  and  ordered  to  take 
place.  At  the  same  Court  L*  McDonold  of  the  3d  Pensylvania 
Regiment  Tryed  for  absenting  himself  from  his  Reg*  without 
the  concent  of  his  Commanding  Officer — upon  mature  Concider- 
ation  of  the  Charge  and  Evidences  the  Court  are  of  opinion 
that  the  Prisoners  Justifycation  is  sufficiant  &  acquit  him  of  the 


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REVOLUTIONARY  ARMY  ORDERS.  347 

the  Charge  exhibited  against  him — The  Commander  in  Chief 
confirms  the  opinion  of  the  Court  &  orders  L'  McDonold  to  be 
released  from  his  arrest. 

S       C      P 

for  Guard i.        -      5  • 

Gen*  Muhlenburg    .         .         .         .-1.9 

I.       I      14 


Head  Quarters  Vally  Forge  May  10  1778. 

Brigadier  to  morrow  Poor. 

F.  O.  L*  Colonel  Starr*  &  Maj'  Nicholas. 

Brigade  Major  Minnis" 

Inspector  from  Huntingtons"  Brigade. 

C  S 

for  Guard        .         .         ,     -  i. 

W  Command  with  2  days  Pro'  - 

W  Command       .         .         -  - 

Gen*  Muhlenburg         .        -  - 


s 

c 

p 

I. 

I. 

5 

- 

I. 

I 

I. 

I. 

6 

I. 

I. 

9 

I.         3.         4.       21 


D.  O.  May  10  1778. 

The  Gentlemen  Officers  of  Gen'  Greens  division  are  re- 
quested to  attend  at  Gen*  Muhlenburgs  Quarters  to  morrow  and 
the  day  after  in  the  forenoon  to  take  the  oath  as  proscribed  by 
a  Resolve  of  Congress  and  the  General  Orders  of  the  7  Instant. 

Peter  Muhlenburg  Brigadier 
Commadant. 


Head  Quarters  May  11  1778. 
Brig'  to  morrow  Mcintosh,  F.  O,  Colo* 

"•Lt  Col.  Josiah  Starr  of  Connecticut. 

^  Probably  Callowhill  Minnis  of  Va. 

•Brig.  General  Jabez  Huntington  of  Connecticut. 


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348  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Parker*  &  L'  Colo*  Nevell** 

Brig.  Major  Claybourn. 

The  Inspector  from  Varnoms  Brigade. 

A  Court  of  Inquiry  to  set  to  morrow  morning  at  9  O*  Clock 
at  Gen*  Varnoms  hutt  to  take  into  Consideration  a  Complaint 
exhibited  by  Colonel  Green**  against  Colonel  Steward  Bng' 
Gen'  Varnom  is  appointed  Presidant  Colonels  Grayson"  &  Biga- 
low^  L*  Colonels  Wisingfield  &  Brily  and  Major  Ward  will  at- 
tend as  members. 

The  Gen'  Officers  are  desired  to  attend  at  head  Quarters  to 
morrow  at  11  O' Clock  A.  M.  that  they  may  take  the  oath  ap- 
pointed by  Congress  in  the  Resolution  of  3*  of  Feb*y  last,  and 
was  published  in  Gen'  Orders  of  the  7  instant.  At  a  Gen'  C.  M. 
whereof  Colonel  Febiger  was  President  Ap'  28  1778  Capt  Thomas 
Lucas'*  of  Colonel  Malcolmns  Regiment  Tryed  for  assuming  the 
Rank  of  Captain  when  a  Lieutenant  2°**'^  for  discharging  an 
Enlisted  Soldier  and  also  for  receiving  a  sum  of  money  for  so 
doing  thirdly  for  returning  the  said  Soldier  deserted  in  the 
Muster  Roll  after  discharging  of  him  found  Guilty  of  the  Charges 
exhibited  against  him  being  Breaches  of  Article  the  5.  18  Sec- 
tion &  2d  Article  of  the  3d  Section  also  of  the  5  Article  and  5 
Section  of  the  Articles  of  war  and  sentanced  to  be  discharged 
the  Service — Also  L*  Barron  of  Colonel  Wigglesworths"  Regi- 
ment Tryed  for  strikeing  L'  Page  &  2°^*''  for  un  Gentlemanlike 
behaviour,  found  Guilty  of  the  Charges  exhibited  against  him 
and  Sentanced  to  be  Cashiered  and  rendered  incapable  of  ever 
serving  in  the  United  States  in  a  Military  Capacity  The  Com- 
mander in  Chief  approves  the  sentance  &  orders  it  to  take  place 
immediately.  At  the  same  Court  Capt  Morrison"*  of  the  ist 
Jersey  Regiment  tryed  for  selling  as  substitutes  Men  who  were 

»  Probably  Col.  Richard  Parker  of  Va. 

•^Lt.  Col.  John  Neville  of  Va. 

»» Col.  John  Green  of  Va. 

"  Col.  William  Grayson  of  Va. 

^  Col.  Timorthy  Bigelow  of  Massachuetts, 

••  Capt.  Thomas  Lucas  of  New  York. 

**  Col.  Edward  Wigglesworth  of  Massachusetts. 

*•  Isaac  Morrison  of  New  Jersey. 


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REVOLUTIONARY  ARMY  ORDERS.  349 

deemed  incapable  by  an  express  Law  of  the  State  of  being  such 
&  for  selling  Soldiers  as  substitutes  who  were  before  inlisted  for 
the  common  bounty,  upon  Consideration  of  the  Charges  and 
evidence  the  Court  are  unanimously  of  opinion  that  Captain 
Morrison  is  Guilty  but  as  he  does  not  appear  to  have  been  actu- 
ated by  self  interested,  as  his  actions  which  are  most  centured 
have  arose  from  a  desire  of  promoting  the  good  of  the  Service 
the  Court  determins  that  he  does  not  merit  censure.  The 
Gen*  Confirms  the  Sentence,  at  the  same  time  he  cannot  forbare 
remarking  that  the  practice  of  selling  Soldiers  as  substitutes  is 
an  abuse  of  the  highest  nature  &  pregnant  with  the  most  perni- 
cious consequences  tho  their  is  every  Reason  to  hope  in  the 
present  Instance  that  it  did  not  proceed  from  selfish  Pecuniary 
motives  yet  it  is  in  its  self  of  so  daingerous  attendancy  and  so 
inconsistent  with  every  Rules  of  propriety  that  he  cannot  but 
merit  the  severest  reprimand  Captain  Morrison  is  releaved  from 
his  arrest.  At  the  same  Court  by  adjournment  Ap'  29,  78  Ad- 
jutant Thomson  of  the  9  Pensy'  Regiment  tryed  for  refusing  to 
come  when  sent  for  by  Major  Nicholas  &  2d  for  treating  Major 
Nicholas  after  comeing  to  him  with  ill  language  acquited  of  the 
first  Charge  but  found  Guilty  of  the  second  &  Sentenced  to  be 
privately  reprimanded  by  the  Officer  Commanding  the  Brigade. 
The  General  remits  the  Sentance  from  a  Consideration  that  the 
Conduct  observed  towards  Mr.  Thomson  must  exceedingly 
wound  his  fealings  and  excited  him  to  a  warmth  of  expression 
for  which  he  was  Censured.  Adjutant  Thomson  is  released  from 
his  arrest. 

S         C         P 
for  Guard  .         .         .         .         i.         o.         5 

Week  Command       ...         -         -  2 

In  Guards  .         .         .         .         -  i.         9 

I.         I.        16 


Head  Quarters  May  12,  1778 
Brigadier  to  Morrow  Muhlenburg 
F.  O.  L*  Co'  Bedlam  &  Major  Murphey 
Brig*  Major  McCormack 
Inspector  from  Mclntoshes  Brigade 
The  Court  Martial  whereof  Colo'  Febeger  was  President  is 


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350  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

disolved  &  another  Ordered  to  set  to  morrow  at  the  usual  place 
whereof  Colon*  Bowman"  is  appointed  President  a  Captain  from 
each  Brigade  is  to  attend  as  members.  Elnathan  Haskell 
Esquire  is  appointed  Brigade  Major  in  Gen*  Pattersons  Brigade 
Vice  Major  McClure  and  is  to  be  obeyed  as  such. 

S        S        C        P 

Detail  for  Guard  .  .  -  -  -  5 
Weeks  Command  .  .  -  -  -  3 
In  Guards         .        .         .        -        -         i.        9 

Head  Quarters  May  13  1778. 
Brigadier  Gen  to  morrow  Patterson. 
F.  O.  Colonel  Gibson"  &  L*  Colonel  Ball" 
Brig*  Major  McKinney. 
The  Inspector  from  Woodfords  Brigade. 
Taken  up  the  11   May  two  Stray  Horses  one  14  hands  high 
a  light  Gray  the  other  a  dark  Bay  about  12  hands  high  the  one 
6  or  7  Years  old  the  other  9  or   10  the  owners  are  desired  to 
prove  their  property,  pay  Charges  and  fetch  them  away  from 
Anthony  Richards  Charles  Town  Chester  County. 


S 

S 

c 

p 

Detail  for  Guard 

I. 

I. 

I. 

5 

fortnights  Command  . 

I. 

0. 

I 

In  Guards 

. 

I. 

I. 

9 

fatigue 

. 

I. 

0. 

17 

Quarter  Guards  . 

. 

- 

I. 

6 

I.       4-       3-     38 
R.  O.  May  14  1778. 
A  Regimental  Court  Martial  to  set  to  day  for  the  Tryal  of  all 
the  Prisoners  that  may  be  brought  before  them 
Capt  Crump  President 
Members 
V  Campbell  L*  Rudder 

L'  Piper  L'  Best 

(TO   BE   CONTINUED.) 


"Col.  Abraham  Bowman  of  Virginia. 

"  George  and  John  Gibson  were  Colonels  in  Revolution  from  Vir- 
ginia. 
'*Lt.  Col.  Burgess  Ball  of  Virginia. 


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EARLY    WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  851 


THE  EARLY  WESTWARD  MOVEMENT  OF 
VIRGINIA,  1722.1734. 


As  Shown  by  the  Proceedings  of  the  Colonial  Council. 


Edited  and  Annotated  by  Charles  E.  Kemper,  Washington,  D.  C 


(concluded.  ) 


April  23.   1734. 

On  reading  a  Petition  from  the  Inhabitants  on  the  North 
West  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge  of  Mountains,  praying  that  some 
person  may  be  appointed  as  Magistrates*  to  determine  Differ- 

*This  ofder  evidences  the  further  advance  of  civilization  in  Vir- 
ginia toward  the  West.  The  administration  of  justice  had  now  be- 
come necessary,  and  Fredericksburg,  to  which  place  the  county  seat  ot 
Spotsylvania  was  removed  in  1732,  was  at  least  eighty-five  miles  dis- 
tant from  the  Opequon  settlement,  with  the  Blue  Ridge  between 
them.  The  prayer  of  these  petitioners  was  soon  granted.  In  August, 
1734,  the  county  of  Orange  was  formed  from  Spotsylvania.  East  of  the 
Blue  Ridge  it  included  territory  embraced  in  present  Orange,  Culpep- 
er,  Rappahannock,  Madison  and  Green,  while  on  the  west  it  extended 
to  "the  utmost  limits  of  Virginia."     (Hening,   Vol.  IV.,  pp.    450-51.) 

This  was  probably  the  greatest  political  subdivision  of  territory 
ever  created  by  legislative  enactment  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race.  It 
included  all  the  territory  then  belonging  to  Virginia  west  of  the  Blue 
Ridge,  which  comprised  all  of  present  West  Virginia,  and  the  States  of 
Kentucky,  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois.  Its  jurisdiction  was  real  as  far 
as  the  white  settlements  then  extended  westward. 

The  first  Justices  compo.sing  the  County  Court  of  Orange  were 
Augustine  Smith,  Goodrich  Lightfoot,  John  Taliaferro.  Thomas  Chew, 
Robert  Slaughter,  Abraham  Field,  Robert  Green,  James  Barbour,  John 
Finlason,  Richard  Mauldin,  Samuel  Ball.  Francis  Slaughter,  Zachary 
Taylor, John  Lightfoot, James  Petlow,  Robert  Eastham,  Benjamin  Cave, 
Charles  Curtis,  Joist  Hite,  Morgan  Morgan,  Benjamin  Burden,  John 
Smith  and  George  Hobson.  The  five  justices  last  named  are  the  same 
persons  mentioned  in  this  Order,  and  all  of  them  resided  in  the  vicinity 
of  present  Winchester.  No  person  living  within  the  limits  of  present 
Augusta  county  appears  in  this  list,  which  indicates  that  in  1734  nearly 


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352  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ences  and  punish  Offenders  in  regard  the  Petitioners  live  fer 
remote  from  any  of  the  established  Counties  within  the  Colony, 
It  is  the  Opinion  of  the  Council  that  Joost  Hyte.  [Jost  Hite] 
Morgan  Morgan,  John  Smith,  Benjamin  Bourden  [Borden] 
and  George  Hobson  be  appointed  Justices  within  the  Limits 
aforesaid,  and  that  they  be  added  to  the  Com'n  of  Spotsylvania 
until  there  be  a  sufficient  Number  of  Inhabitants  on  the  North- 
west side  of  the  said  Mountains  to  make  a  County  of  itself, 
But  that  the  Persons  above  named  be  not  Obliged  to  give  their 
attendance  as  Justices  of  the  Court  of  the  County  of  Spotsylva- 
nia. 

A  Petition  of  the  Inhabitants  on  Shenando  River  in  behalf  of 
themselves  and  others  intending  to  settle  there  praying  that  an 
address  may  be  made  to  His  Majesty  to  remit  to  the  s'd  In- 
habitants the  Quit  Rents*  of  their  Lands  for  a  Term  not  exceed- 


all  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Virginia  Valley  resided  in  the  present 
county  of  Frederick. 

The  westward  movement  of  Virginia  was  now  commencing  in  earn- 
est, although  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  country  west  of  the 
Blue  Ridge  was  still  an  almost  unbroken  wilderness. 

♦In  the  act  establishing  Orange  County,  the  inhabitants  of  the  Valley 
were  exempted  from  all  taxes  and  parish  levies  for  the  space  of  three 
years.  (Hening,  Vol.  IV,  pp.  450451).  Of  Vincent  Pearse  and 
William  Allen  there  is  no  definite  information,  except  that  the 
former  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  the  vicinity  of  Winchester. 
Charles  Chiswell  was  mentioned  in  the  October  number  of  the  Maga- 
zine, p.  135,  note  15. 

The  land  embraced  in  this  Order  appears  to  have  been  located  far 
up  the  Valley  of  the  Potomac,  probably  in  the  vicinity  of  present  Cum- 
berland, Md.  The  long  dispute  between  Pennsylvania  and  Virginia 
relative  to  the  boundary  of  the  former  colony  is  here  foreshadowed. 
The  details  of  this  controversy  are  well  known.  In  1779  George 
Bryan,  John  Ewing  and  David  Rittenhouse,  representing  Pennsylva- 
nia, and  Rev.  James  Madison  and  Robert  Andrews,  representing  Vir- 
ginia, were  appointed  to  settle  the  question.  The  line  between 
Maryland,  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania  was  agreed  upon  August  31, 
1779,  conditionally  ratified  by  Virginia  June  23,  1780,  and  by  Pennsyl- 
vania September  23,  1780.  April  i,  1784,  the  agreement  as  ratified  by 
Virginia  was  nccepted  by  Pennsylvania  and  the  question  finally  settled. 
(.See  Craig's  Controversy  beliveen  Pennsylvania  and  Virginia^  etc., 
Pittsburg,  1843).  The  territory  in  dispute  embraced  the  present  city 
of  Pittsburg,  then  Fort  Pitt,  and  was  supposed  by  the  Virginia   Gov- 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  363 

ing  twelve  years  as  an  Encouragement  for  the  more  speedy 
peoplingthat  remote  place  of  this  Dominion;  and  Also  a  Peti- 
tion of  Vincent  Pearse,  William  Allen  &  Charles  Chiswell  Gent, 
in  behalf  of  themselves  &  others  praying  a  grant  of  Sixty 
Thousand  Acres  of  Land  on  the  West  side  of  the  River  Co- 
hingorooton  [Cahongoronta]  and  bounding  northerly  on  the 
East  7  West  Lines  of  the  Proprietors  of  Pennsylvania,  were 
severally  read  at  the  Board,  and  thereupon  it  was  resolved  that 
application  be  made  to  His  Majesty  for  removing  all  obstruc- 
tions to  the  settlement  of  that  part  of  the  county  &  for  grant- 
ing such  Temporary  Exemptions  and  Encouragements  to  such 
of  His  Majesty's  Subjects  and  foreign  Protestants  as  shall  come 
to  inhabit  there,  as  His  Majesty  shall  judge  most  proper  for  the 
speedy  Settlement  of  that  Frontier,  And  further  consideration 
of  the  said  last  mentioned  Petition  is  postponed. 

April  30,  1734. 
On  reading  a  Letter  from  Mr.   Robert  Brooke,   Surveyor  of 
the  Lands  on  Shenando  [Shenandoah]   River.     It  is  Ordered 
That  the  said  Robert  Brooke  do  prepare  a  Map*  of  the  Lands 


eminent  to  be  within  the  limits  of  Augusta  county.  Sessions  of  the 
Augusta  County  Court  were  held  at  Fort  Pitt  in  1775  and  1776  by  ad- 
journment from  Staunton,  Va.  For  names  of  Justices  composing  tljis 
court  and  its  proceedings,  see  Annals  of  Carnegie  Museum^  Vol.  I.  pp. 
525-68,  1902. 

*No  copy  of  this  map  is  known  to  be  in  existence,  although  Council 
Order  ot  June  13,  1734,  shows  that  it  was  prepared.  The  only  contem- 
poraneous maps  of  this  period  extant  are  the  Courses  of  the  Rivers 
Rappahannock  and  Potowmack,  etc.,  f7s6-/7J7y2ir\<\  The  Survey  of  the 
Northern  Neck  of  Virginia^  etc.,  1736-1737.  Copies  of  these  maps  are 
in  the  Library  of  Congress.  They  are  both  anonymous,  but  Phillips, 
in  his  Virginia  Cartography,  states  that  the  former  was  probably 
prepared  by  the  surveyors  of  Lord  Fairfax,  and  the  latter  by  Col. 
William  Mayo.  In  the  United  Coast  Survey  Office  there  is  a  manuscript 
map  prepared  by  Robert.  Brooke,  showing  the  Potomac  river  from  the 
mouth  of  the  Shenandoah  to  Chapawamsick  Creek,  surveyed  in  1737. 
The  maps  first  above  mentioned,  correctly  show  the  general  topogra- 
phy of  the  country  and  illustrate  the  fact  that  the  Piedmont  section  of 
the  Northern  Neck  and  the  Shenandoah  Valley  then  constituted  the 
western  verge  of  civilization  in  the  colony.  The  settlements  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  Valley  are  not  shown,  doubtless  because  they  were 
not  within  the  controverted  bounds  of  the  Northern  Neck. 


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364  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

lying  on  the  said  River  and  attend  the  Board  with  the  same  at 
the  next  Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  for  the  better  Explaining 
what  is  contained  in  the  said  Letter. 


.    June  12,  1734. 

Joost  Hite  having  made  proof  of  the  Seating  the  Lands 
Conveyed  to  him  by  John  &  Isaac  Vanmader  [Van  Meter]  on 
the  western  side  of  Sherrando  [Shenandoah]  River  by  bring- 
ing thereon  to  Dwell  one  Family  for  each  1000  Acres  and  also 
part  of  the  Land  granted  him  and  Robert  Mackay  and  others 
thereunto  adjoining,  It  is  ordered  that  patents*  be  granted  to 
the  Several  Masters  of  Families  residing  there  for  the  Quanti- 
ties of  Land  Surveyed  for  them  respectively  pursuant  to  the 
Condition  on  which  the  s'd  Land  was  First  taken  up  and  the 
Surveys  now  returned  into  the  office. 

On  hearing  this  Day  at  the  Board  the  matter  in  dispute  Be- 
tween Henry  Willis  Gent,  and  William  Russellf  touching  a 

*An  examination  of  the  land  records  at  Richmond  shows  that  the 
patents  here  mentioned  were  not  issued  by  the  Colonial  government. 
It  has  been  observed  that,  commencing  with  the  Council  Orders  to 
John  Van  Meter  and  Jacob  Stover  in  1730,  Colonel  Robert  Carter,  as 
agent  of  Lord  Fairfax,  had  filed  protests  against  these  grants  of  land 
in  the  lower  valley,  claiming  that  they  were  within  the  Northern  Neck. 
The  Council  was  put  upon  notice  to  this  effect  as  early  as  1728,  when 
Colonel  Carter  filed  a  caveat  against  the  grant  to  Larkin  Chew  and 
others  tor  lands  in  the  vicinity  of  Front  Royal.  (  Virginia  Magazine^ 
Vol.  XllI,  pp.  1 14-115).  In  1733  Lord  Fairfax  addressed  a  petition  to 
the  King,  setting  up  his  claims  to  the  lands  in  controversy,  and  an 
Order  was  made  in  Council  restraining  the  Virginia  Government  from 
perfecting  these  grants  until  the  boundaries  of  the  Northern  Neck 
could  be  definitely  ascertained  and  settled.  {Revised  Code  of  Vir- 
ginia^ 1819,  Vol.  II  ,  pp.  344-46).  This  Order  is  evidence  that  in  1734 
forty  families  were  settled  on  and  near  the  Opequon  in  the  vicinity  of 
Winchester,  and  the  colony  must  then  have  numbered  about  two 
hundred  and  fifty  souls. 

tit  is  almost  certain  that  this  was  the  land  taken  up  by  Larkin  Chew 
and  others  prior  to  October  18,  1728,  mentioned  in  previous  note.  This 
efiort  of  William  Russell  and  Larkin  Chew  was  the  first  attempt  made 
by  civilized  man  to  acquire  land  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia. 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  356 

Tract  of  Land  Lying  in  Spotsylvania  County  on  the  East  side 
of  Sherrando  River  first  taken  up  by  the  said  Russell  and  divers 
other  his  partners  in  the  year  1728.  It  is  ordered  that  unless 
the  said  Russell  do  at  the  next  Court  of  oyer  and  Terminer  to 
be  held  in  the  month  of  December  produce  proper  assignments 
from  the  persons  who  were  first  petitioners  for  the  said  Land 
and  perfect  his  Survey  of  the  10,000  acres  granted  him  in 
Spotsylvania  County  as  a  part  of  the  20,000  acres  formerly 
allowed  for  him  to  Survey  on  Sherrando  River  and  be  ready 
then  to  take  out  his  patent  for  the  same  he  be  excluded 
from  all  benefit  of  his  Former  Grant  so  far  as  Relates  to  the 
Land  on  the  East  side  Sherrando  River  and  that  the  same  be 
granted  to  the  said  Henry  Willis  and  it  is  further  ordered  that 
the  Survey  shall  not  Extend  above  ten  miles  up  the  River 
from  the  beginning  at  the  Mouth  of  Happy  Creek. 

On  hearing  this  Day  the  matter  in  dispute  between  Robert 
Mackay  Joost  Hite*  and  others  their  partners  and  William 
Russell  touching  the  right  to  Certain  Lands  on  Sherrando  River 


*The  subsequent  history  of  this  grant  is  involved  in  the  long  litiga- 
tion between  Jost  Hite  and  Lord  Fairfax,  of  which  frequent  mention 
has  been  made  in  these  notes.  By  the  year  1736  Hite  and  his  partners 
had  succeeded  in  settling  fifty-four  families  upon  this  tract,  when  Fair- 
fax entered  a  caveat  against  the  issuing  of  patents  to  them,  and,  in  addi- 
tion, the  restraining  Order  of  1733  mentioned  in  a  previous  note  was 
still  in  force.  When  the  dispute  between  Fairfax  and  the  Crown  was 
ended,  in  1745,  Hite  and  his  associates  claimed  their  patents,  insisting 
that  the  Council  Orders  for  their  lands  should  be  construed  as  grants 
within  the  meaning  of  the  Act  of  1748,  which  recited  the  boundary  line 
controversy  and  confirmed  the  grantees  of  the  Crown  in  possession  of 
their  lands.  This  Fairfax  resisted,  claiming  that  the  only  titles  con- 
firmed by  that  Act  were  those  cases  in  which  patents  had  actually  been 
issued  by  the  Crown.  Hite  and  company  then  instituted  a  chancery 
suit  against  Fairfax,  in  1749.  In  October,  1771,  a  decree  was  entered  in 
favor  of  the  plaintiffs,  from  which  Fairfax  appealed  to  the  King  in 
Council,  but  the  Revolution  ended  the  appeal.  The  case  was  finally 
decided  by  the  Virginia  courts  in  1786  in  favor  of  Hite  and  his  associ- 
ates. {Revised  Code  of  Virginia^  1819,  Vol.  II,  pp.  344-47.)  The 
papers  in  this  cause  are  said  to  have  contained  a  full  account  of  the  cir- 
cumstances attending  the  settlement  of  the  country  around  Winchester, 
but  they  were  unfortunately  destroyed  with  all  other  records  of  the 
General  Court  when  Richmond  was  evacuated  in  1865. 


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356  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Claimed  By  the  said  Russell  and  Included  within  a  Grant  to  the 
said  Mackay  and  Hite  for  100,000  acres.  It  is  ordered  that  Mr. 
Rob't  Brooke  do  Survey  the  Ten  Thousand  acres  of  Land 
Granted  the  said  Russell  in  the  Fork  of  Sherrando  so  as  the 
said  Survey  do  not  Extend  to  the  said  Robert  Mackay*s  pres- 
ent Settlem*  then  one  mile  nor  above  Ten  miles  along  the  River 
from  his  beginning  place  at  the  mouth  of  the  Fork,  and  if  within 
these  bounds  he  cannot  have  the  aforesaid  Quantity  of  Ten 
Thousand  acres  that  then  the  Survey  be  Extended  back  in  a 
Streight  Course  from  the  River  towards  the  North  Branch  to 
Compleat  the  same. 

and  forasmuch  as  during  the  Dispute  Between  the  said  partys 
the  Settlement  of  that  Tract  Granted  to  Mackey  and  Hite  hath 
been  obstructed  Further  time  is  hereby  allowed  them  &  their 
partners  until  Christmas  1735  to  Comply  with  the  Terms  of  their 
Grant  and  in  the  mean  time  they  may  proceed  to  Survey  the 
same. 

On  the  Petition  of  Henry  Willis  Gent,  leave  is  granted  him 
to  take  up  10,000  Acres  of  Land  in  Spotsylvania  County  Begin- 
ning at  the  mouth  of  Happy  Creek*  on  the  Line  of  the  Land  of 
William  Russell  and  Running  Northerly  between  Sherrando 
River  and  the  mountains  to  Compleat  that  Quantity. 

On  the  petition  of  William  Beverly  and  Robert  Brooke  leave 
is  granted  them  to  take  up  4000  acres  of  Land  in  Spotsylvania 
Countyt  joining  to  the  Land  of  Charles  Burgess  Deceased  and 
the  great  Mountains. 

Whereas  a  barbarous  Murder  was  sometime  since  committed 
in  Spotsylvania  County  by  some  of  the  Northern  IndiansJ  and 
there  being  just  Cause  to  suspect  that  the  same  was  done  by  the 

♦This  land  lay  on  the  east  bank  of  the  Shenandoah.  Its  southern 
boundary  was  at  present  Front  Royal,  and  it  extended  down  the  river 
into  the  present  county  of  Clarke. 

fThis  land  lay  in  the  Little  Fork  of  the  Rappahannock,  in  the  pres- 
ent county  of  Culpeper,  Charles  Burgess  was  a  resident  of  Lancaster 
County,  Va.,  and  in  August,  1734,  the  General  Assembly  passed  an  Act 
concerning  the  settlement  of  his  estate,  which  refers  to  land  owned  by 
him  in  the  Little  Fork.     ^Hening,  Vol.  IV,  pp.  451-53) 

%  Governor  Gooch  had  anticipated  this  action  of  the  Council  by  send - 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF  VIRGINIA.  867 

Nation  of  the  Coonays  [Conoys]  under   the   Government  of 
Pennsylvania  The  Governor  is  requested  to  write  to  the  Gov- 


ing  a  letter  to  Hon.  Patrick  Gordon,  then  Governor  of  Pennsylvania, 
which  bears  date  July  13,  1733,  and  states  in  substance  that  a  man  and 
his  wife  had  been  murdered  and  scalped  in  Spotsylvania  County,  Va., 
in  April  of  that  year,  by  the  Conay  (Coney)  Indians.  The  murdered 
persons  evidently  lived  east  of  the  Blue  Bidge,  because  the  Governor 
stated  that  the  Indians  had  shown  the  scalps  to  "the  inhabitants  at  the 
back  of  the  Great  Mountains.**  He  also  stated  that  these  Indians 
lived  in  Pennsylvania  under  the  protection  of  the  Six  Nations.  Gov- 
ernor Gordon  replied  by  letter  dated  August  10.  1734.  He  expressed 
regret  and  promised  to  do  all  in  his  power  to  bring  the  Indians  to  jus- 
tice. He  also  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  murder  had  been  com- 
mitted in  April,  1732,  a  year  prior  to  the  date  fixed  by  Governor  Gooch. 
The  Pennsylvanians,  he  ^id,  called  these  Indians  Ganawese.  {Min- 
utes of  the  Provincial  Council  0/  Pennsy/vania^  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  564-65.)  In 
1 701,  the  Ganawese,  or  Conoy,  Indians  were,  with  other  tribes,  parties 
to  an  agreement  with  William  Penn.  They  were  described  as  **  inhabit- 
ing in  and  about  the  northern  part  of  the  Potomac.'*  (Proud's  History 
of  Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia,  1798,  Vol.  I,  p.  429.)  The  residence  of 
this  tribe  upon  the  upper  waters  of  the  Potomac  makes  the  suggestion 
more  certain  that  the  Conai  (Conoy),  now  Lost  River,  derived  its 
ancient  name  from  them.    (  Virginia  Magazine,  Vol.  XIII,  p.  131.) 

Further  investigation  conclusively  establishes  the  fact  that  there  were 
no  permanent  Indian  settlements  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia  when  the 
whites  came,  except  the  Shawnee  town  at  Winchester,  and  the  Tusca- 
rora  settlement  on  the  creek  of  that  name  in  present  Berkeley  County, 
West  Virginia.  After  the  return  of  Governor  Keith,  of  Pennsylvania, 
from  his  visit  to  Williamsburg  in  the  spring  of  1721,  noticed  in  the  last 
issue  of  the  Magazine,  he  held  a  conference  with  the  Conestoga  Indians 
at  their  town  on  July  6,  1721.  In  addressing  them  he  said:  "But  the 
Governor  of  Virginia  expects  that  you  will  not  hunt  within  the  Great 
Mountains  on  the  other  [south]  side  of  the  Potomac  River,  being  it  is  a 
small  tract  of  land  which  he  keeps  for  the  Virginia  Indians  to  hunt  in.*' 
^Minutes  of  the  Provincial  Council  of  Pennsylvania,  Vol.  Ill,  p.  122  ) 
There  is  also  earlier  evidence  of  the  same  fact.  At  the  Albany  con- 
ference of  1684,  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  then  Governor  of  Vir- 
ginia, in  addressing  the  Five  Nations  stipulated  with  them  as  follows: 
"That  you  do  not  hinder  or  molest  our  friendly  Indians  from  hunting 
in  our  Mountains,  it  having  been  their  country  and  none  of  yours.** 
(Golden,  History  of  the  Five  Nations^  London,  1755,  Vol.  I,  p.  37,  re- 
print, 1902.)  It  thus  seems  certain  that  the  Iroquois  had  conquered  the 
four  tribes  living  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge  prior  to  1684.  ( Virginia  Mag- 
azine,  Vol.  XIII,  pp.   5-6,  note.)    In  this  conference  Lord  Howard 


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358  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

ernor  of  that  Province  to  Enquire  into  the  Truth  of  the  Fact 
and  to  use  his  authority  for  delivering  up  the  murderers  that 
they  may  be  punished  for  the  said  Crime. 


June  13,   1734. 

Ordered  That  there  be  paid  to  Major  Robert  Brooke  for  his 
Trouble  in  preparing  a  Map  of  the  Lands  of  the  West  Side 
Sherrando  River  and  attending  to  inform  this  Board  of  the 
Settlements*  made  thereon,  the  Sum  of  Ten  Guineas  out  of  his 
Majesty's  Revenue  of  2  p.  Hogshead  &c. 


June  14,  1734. 
[Granted]  To  Richard  Randolph.!  John   Boiling  &  William 

charged,  and  the  Five  Nations  admitted,  that  they  had  for  a  number  of 
years  past  committed  outrages  upon  the  white  and  Indian  inhabitants 
living  at  the  heads  of  the  Virginia  rivers.  The  authorities  quoted 
establish  the  fact  historically  that  the  Valley  of  Virginia  was  an 
Indian  hunting  ground  for  many  years  prior  to  the  coming  of  the  whites 
in  1730-32.  If  any  such  tribe  as  the  Senedos,  mentioned  by  Kercheval 
and  other  writers  as  living  on  the  North  Branch  of  the  Shenandoah, 
ever  existed,  they  were  certainly  exterminated  by  the  Iroquois  before 
1722.  At  the  Treaty  of  Albany  (1722),  Governor  Spotswood  expressly 
named  each  Indian  tribe  then  living  in  Virginia,  and  the  Senedos  were 
not  among  them. 

*This  map,  if  in  existence,  would  be  of  the  greatest  value  to  the  his- 
tory of  Virginia  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge.  Evidently  it  was  prepared, 
and  doubtless  located  each  settlement  then  made  beyond  the  moun- 
tains. As  stated  in  a  previous  note,  the  map  prepared  in  1736-1737  by 
Robert  Brooke  simply  shows  the  general  topography  of  the  Northern 
Neck. 

tThis  was  evidently  Richard  Randolph,  of  Curls,  son  of  William  Ran- 
dolph, of  Turkey  Island,  founder  of  that  distinguished  family  in  Vir- 
ginia. He  married  Miss  Boiling,  a  sister  of  John  Boiling  here  men- 
tioned. (Meade,  Old  Churches,  Ministers  and  Families  of  Virginia^ 
Vol.  I,  pp.  138-39,  note).  William  Kennon  resided  at  **  Conjuror's 
Neck",  on  the  Appomattox  River.  His  sister  Mary  married  John  Boil- 
ing, of  Cobbs,  who  was  probably  the  person  of  that  name  mentioned  in 
this  Order.  (  William  and  Mary  College  Quarterly^  Vol.  IV,  pp.  132-33). 


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EARLY   WESTWARD  MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  859 

Kennon  10,000  acres  in  Brunswick  County  beginning  five  miles 
below  the  great  Swamp  on  little  Roanoak  running  ten  miles  up 
the  said  River  including  the  Land  on  both  sides  the  said  River 
to  be  laid  out  in  one  or  more  tracts. 


Sept.  5,  1734. 

A  Letter  *  from  Patrick  Gordon  Esq'.  Governor  of  the  Province 
of  Pennsylvania  and  dated  the  Tenth  Instant  was  read  Signify- 
ing that  the  Conai  [Conoy]  Indians  had  in  Conference  with  him 
denyed  their  being  in  any  way  concerned  in  the  Murther  Com- 
mitted in  Spotsylvania  County  and  its  ordered  that  further  En- 
quiry be  made  into  the  Circumstances  and  time  of  the  said  Murder. 


The  Cherokee  Indians  J  having  sent  to  the  Governor  by  Wil- 
liam Bellew  an  Indian  Trader  a  Copy  of  the  agreements  Con- 
cluded by  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  Trade  and  Their  Deputys 
with  a  Message  desiring  Leave  to  trade  here,  It  is  the  opinion  of 
the  Council  that  it  is  for  the  Public  Service  and  benefit  of  the 
Colony  to  preserve  the  Friendship  of  the  said  Indians  and  there- 
fore that  all  due  Encouragement  be  given  them  to  continue  to 
Trade  with  this  Colony. 

Sept.  2£,  1734. 
For  Reasons  appearing  to  this  Board  It  is  this  Day  Ordered 

♦  This  Order  should  be  read  in  connection  with  note  9. 

t  The  Cherokees  were  the  strongest  of  the  southern  Indian  tribes. 
They  occupied  the  mountain  regions  of  North  and  South  Carolina, 
Georgia  and  east  Tennessee.  In  Virginia  they  claimed  the  southwest- 
cm  portion  of  the  Valley  as  far  north  as  the  Peaks  of  Otter.  This  tribe 
is  identified  as  the  Rechahecrian,  or  Rickohockan,  Indians,  who  came 
down  from  the  mountains  in  1654  or  1656  and  defeated  the  Virginians 
and  Pamunkeys  in  the  greatest  Indian  battle  ever  fought  in  the  colony. 
This  engagement  occurred  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  present  Rich- 
mond, Va.  (Mooney,  TAe  Siouan  Tribes  of  the  East,  pp.  8,  28).  In 
1721  the  Cherokees  numbered  3,800  warriors;  were  a  warlike  nation, 
and  lived  in  the  Appalachian  Mountains.  {North  Carolina  Colonial 
Records,  Vol.  II,  p.  422).  The  later  history  of  this  tribe  is  too  well 
known  to  require  further  mention  here. 


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860  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

by  the  Governor  in  Council  that  the  time  Limitted  to  William 
Russell  by  an  order  of  Council  the  21st  Day  of  Jun^  last  to  Sur- 
vey Lands  on  the  Eastern  Side  Sherrando  River  be  extended 
to  the  fifteenth  Day  of  April  next. 


Oct.  28,  1734. 

On  Reading  at  the  Board  the  petition  of  John  Tayloe  and 
Thomas  Lee  Esq",  and  William  Beverly  Gent,  praying  a  Grant 
for  60000  acres  of  Land  on  the  West  Side  the  great  Mountains  on 
Sherrando  [Shenandoah]  River  beginning  on  Jacob  Stover's 
upper  Tract*  upon  the  Condition  of  Seating  thereon  one  Familie 

*Jacob  Stover's  upper  tract  lay  on  the  Shenandoah  immediately  be- 
low the  present  village  of  Port  Republic,  Rockingham  county,  Va.,  and 
therefore  the  land  granted  by  this  Order  embraced  territory  to  the  south 
and  west  of  that  place. 

The  will  of  Robert  Brooke,  Jr.,  "Knight  of  the  Golden  Horse  Shoe," 
dated  April  15,  1736,  states  that  he  had  been  employed  to  survey  this 
tract,  and  had  already  partially  completed  his  task.  He  and  William 
Russell  were  each  to  receive  twelve  thousand  acres  of  the  grant.  The 
will  also  indicates  that  a  supplemental  Order  concerning  this  tract  had 
been  passed  April  23,  1735.  ( Virginia  Magazine,  Vol.  IX,  pp.  436-37). 
Near  Port  Republic  is  "Madison  Hall,"  the  birthplace  of  Rev.  James 
Madison,  first  Bishop  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Virginia.  The  present 
owner  of  this  place  is  Dr.  Albert  S.  Kemper.  John  Madison,  father  of 
the  Bishop,  removed  from  Orange  County  to  the  Valley  before  the 
organization  of  Augusta,  of  which  latter  county  he  was  the  first  clerk. 
In  1755  he  built  a  fort  at  "  Madison  Hall  **  for  protection  against  the  In- 
dians. (Waddell, -/l««a/.y  0/  Augusta  Counfy,  2nd  ed.,  1902,  pp.  na- 
na). 

In  many  respects  this  is  one  of  the  most  important  Orders  of  the 

series,  because  the  Virginia  Council  now  commenced  to  deal  with  ter- 
ritory lying  in  the  present  county  of  Augusta.  It  also  completes  a  series 
of  large  grants  lying  along  the  Shenandoah  and  extending  up  that  stream 
from  Front  Royal  to  Port  Republic.  None  of  the  previous  Orders  in- 
dicate any  grants  prior  to  this  date  in  the  main  Valley  of  Virginia  west 
of  the  Massanutton  range  and  south  of  present  Frederick  County.  The 
grants  to  Jacob  Stover  in  1730;  John  Fishback  and  his  associates  in 
173 1,  and  Francis  Willis  and  William  Beverly  in  1732,  all  of  which 
were  on  the  South  Branch  of  the  Shenandoah,  conclusively  show  that 
the  tread  of  settlement  up  the  Valley  of  Virginia  was  along  that  stream 
between  the  Massanutton  range  and  the  Blue  Ridge.   Unfortunately,  no 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  361 

for  each  Thousand  acres  within  two  years  It  is  ordered  that 
Leave  be  granted  the  petitioners  to  Survey  and   Patent  said 

contemporaneous  history  of  these  settlements  is  known  to  exist,  but  the 
conclusion  must  follow  that  the  grantees  of  these  lands  made  every  effort 
to  comply  with  the  conditions  imposed  to  settle  one  family  upon  each 
thousand  acres  within  two  years.  It  therefore  follows  that  by  the  year 
1736  the  section  between  Port  Republic  and  Front  Royal  was,  in  a  limited 
degree,  an  inhabited  country. 

At  the  date  of  this  Order  the  present  county  of  Augusta  was  in  its 
very  infancy,  but  was  soon  to  be  settled  by  the  Scotch-Irish.  John 
Lewis  was  the  first  of  that  race  to  locate  in  the  upper  Valley.  He  came 
in  1732,  and  his  home  was  on  the  present  New  Hope  road  about  two 
miles  east  of  Staunton.  Within  six  years  from  the  coming  of  Col.  Lewis 
he  was  joined  by  many  other  Scotch-Irish  families.  All  of  these  early 
settlers  took  title  to  their  lands  from  William  Beverly,  who  acquired,  on 
Sept.  7,  1736,  a  grant  of  118,491  acres,  including  the  site  of  present 
Staunton  and  surrounding  country.  This  tract  was  known  as  "  Beverly's 
Manor.**     (Waddell,  Annals  of  Augusta  County  y  p.  29). 

By  the  year  1734  the  westward  movement  of  Virginia  began  to  assume 
definite  shape  and  purpose.  The  few  settlements,  however,  were  widely 
separated  and  large  areas  of  country  entirely  destitute  of  inhabitants. 
**  The  Moravian  Diaries  of  Travel  through  Virginia,**  which  have  ap- 
peared in  recent  issues  of  this  Magazine,  show  how  sparsely  the  country 
was  settled  in  the  years  1743,  1748,  and  1751.  The  country  abounded  in 
game,  and  the  buffalo,  elk,  deer,  and  bear  were  to  be  found  everywhere 
in  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  Wolves  were  so  numerous  that  in  1742  the 
inhabitants  of  present  Augusta  County  petitioned  the  General  Assembly 
to  levy  a  tax  to  be  used  in  hiring  persons  to  destroy  these  animals,  and 
in  1745  legislation  of  a  similar  nature  was  enacted  for  the  benefit  of 
present  Frederick  County.  (Heniug,  Vol.  V,  pp.  187-89,  373-75).  Al- 
though destitute  of  Indian  inhabitants,  the  Valley  was  still  a  great  highway 
through  which  the  contending  tribes  of  north  and  south  passed  and  re- 
passed in  their  perpetual  wars.  After  the  year  1734  the  westward  ex- 
tension of  Virginia  begins  to  fall  within  the  domain  of  written  history, 
but  at  this  period  the  white  man  had  just  established  himself  in  the 
Valley  of  Virginia.  It  has  been  seen  how  liberal  was  the  policy  of  the 
Colonial  Government  in  granting  lands,  provided  actual  settlers  were 
brought  to  live  upon  them.  Within  twelve  years  (1722-1734;  the  frontier 
line  had  advanced  from  the  head  of  Tidewater  to  the  Alleghanies,  a 
distance  of  about  one  hundred  miles  in  a  straight  line.  The  times  con- 
sidered, this  was  a  great  accomplishment.  The  Blue  Ridge,  regarded 
for  more  than  a  century  by  the  early  inhabitants  of  the  colony  as  an  in- 
surmountable barrier,  had  been  crossed,  and  lands  lying  beyond  the 


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362  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Quantity  of  6oocx>  acres  of  Land  lying  above  the  said  Stover's 
upper  Tract  upon  the  Terms  proposed  by  them  on  giving  Bond 
to  his  Majesties  the  usual  purchase  of  Rights  for  so  much  there- 
of as  Shall  not  be  so  Seated  by  them  within  the  Time  before 
mentioned. 


ADDITIONS. 

[The  Council  Order  here  printed  is  believed  with  certainty  to 
be  the  first  record  made  in  Virginia  concerning  the  German 
colonists  who  settled  at  Germanna  in  1714.  The  hitherto  un- 
published extracts  from  the  court  records  of  Spotsylvania  County, 
Virginia,  which  follow,  also  furnish  for  the  first  time  positive 
evidence  as  to  the  persons  who  composed  the  colony  of  17 14, 
as  well  as  the  later  colony  of  17 17.  Germanna  was  founded  by 
Governor  Spotswood,  who  led  the  westward  movement  of  Vir- 
ginia in  the  early  years  of  the  i8th  century,  and  therefore  it  is 
deemed  peculiarly  appropriate  to  conclude  with  this  material, 
which  was  not  discovered  until  after  the  series  had  been  com- 
menced.— Editor]. 

[Order  of  the  Virginia  Executive  Council]. 

April  28,  17 14. 

The  Governor  acquainting  the  Council  that  Sundry  Germans 
to  the  number  of  forty  two  men  women  &  children  who  were 
invited  hither  by  the  Baron  de  Graffinreid*  are  now  arrived, 

first  ridges  of  the  AUeghanies  acquired.  To  explore,  settle,  and  civilize 
the  country  beyond  the  latter  mountains  was  the  next  task  of  the  men 
of  the  Valley  of  Virginia,  and  how  well  and  quickly  the  work  was  done 
constitutes  one  of  the  most  fascinating  chapters  in  our  national  history. 

*This  order  positively  confirms  the  conclusions  reached  by  several 
writers  in  lecent  years  concerning  the  German  Reformed  colony  of 
17 14,  the  first  to  settle  at  Germanna,  and  fully  identifies  it  as  the  colony 
whose  arrival  was  expected  by  Governor  Spotswood  in  the  spring  of 
that  year.  The  evidence  is  now  complete  that  it  was  the  same  colony 
which  Baron  De  Graffenreid  met  in  London  in  the  summer  of  17 13,  and 
which,  accordiug  to  his  autobiography,  sailed  to  Virginia  in  the  spring 
of  1714.    It  also  proves  conclusively  that  these  colonists  came  directly 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF  VIRGINIA.  368 

but  that  the  said  Baron  not  beinj?  here  to  take  care  of  this  Settle- 
ment, The  Governor  therefore  proposed  to  settle  them,  above 
the  falls  of  Rappahannock  River  to  serve  as  a  Barrier  to  the  In- 
habitants of  that  part  of  the  Country  against  the  Incursion  of  the 
Indians  and  desiring  the  opinion  of  the  Council  whether  in  con- 
sideration of  their  usefulness  for  that  purpose  the  Charge  of 
building  them  a  Fort,  clearing  a  road  to  their  settlement   & 

from  Germany,  and  were  not  a  remnant  of  the  Newbern  colony,  as  con- 
jectured by  Dr.  Shraghter  in  his  History  of  SL  Mark*s  Parish, 

Further  record  evidence  concerning  this  colony  is  to  be  found  in 
Spotswood*s  Official  Letters,  Vol.  II,  (indexed  under  German  Pro- 
testants, etc.),  and  the  Genealogy  of  the  Kemper  Famify,  by  Willis  M. 
Kemper,  Esq.,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  his  sketch  entitled  **The  First 
German  Reformed  Colony  in  Virginia,  1714-1750,"  Rev.  William  J. 
Hinke,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  has  admirably  summed  up  the  history  of 
this  colony,  based  upon  documentary  evidence  gathered  from  many 
sources.  The  documents  here  printed  simply  place  beyond  contro- 
versy the  conclusions  reached  by  these  two  writers.  For  Prof.  Hinke's 
valuable  article,  see  foumal  of  the  Presbyterian  Historical  Society, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Vol.  II,  1903,  pp.  7-17,  98-110,  140-150.  For  further 
reference  to  the  colony  of  17 14,  see  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and 
Biography,  Vol.  XI,  pp.  231-34,  241-42,  375-78;  Vol.  XII,  pp.  74-75- 

The  history  of  Germanna  is  of  importance  because  the  colonists  of 
1714  were  the  first  organized  body  of  Germans  who  came  as  permanent 
settlers  to  Virginia,  and  were  the  pioneers  of  that  sturdy  element  which 
has  done  so  much  to  develop  the  western  part  of  the  State.  Germanna 
was  the  first  county  seat  of  Spotsylvania  in  1722,  and  continued  as  such 
until  1732.  It  was  originally  in  old  Essex  County,  but  is  now  in  the 
eastern  portion  of  present  Orange  County,  on  the  south  bank  of  the 
Rapidan,  about  thirty  miles  above  Fredericksburg.  For  at  least  seven 
years  Germanna  was  an  armed  fort  on  the  extreme  western  frontier  of 
Virginia,  as  it  then  existed. 

This  Council  Order  shows  that  the  first  employment  of  these  colo- 
nists consisted  in  guarding  the  frontiers  in  that  section  of  Virginia. 
Commencing  in  1684,  and  continued  by  various  Acts  of  Assembly, 
rangers  were  appointed  to  scout  and  patrol  the  upper  parts  of  James, 
York,  Rappahannock  and  Potomac  rivers,  as  safeguards  against  Indian 
incursions.  (Hening,  Vol.  Ill,  pp.  17-21).  The  act  under  which  the 
colonists  of  17 14  were  designated  as  rangers  was  passed  in  November, 
17 1 1,  and  provided  that  each  company  should  consist  of  a  lieutenant  and 
eleven  men— just  the  number  of  adults  in  the  colony.  {Idem^  Vol.  IV, 
pp.  9-12). 


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364  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

carrying  thither  two  pieces  of  Canon  &  some  ammunition  may 
not  properly  be  defrayed  by  the  publick. 

It  is  the  unanimous  opinion  of  this  Board  that  the  S"*  Settle- 
ment, tending  so  much  to  the  Security  of  that  part  of  the  Front- 
iers, It  is  reasonable  that  the  expense  proposed  by  the  Gover- 
nor in  making  thereof  should  be  defrayed  at  the  publick  charge 
of  the  Government,  and  that  a  quantity  of  powder  &  ball  be  de- 
livered for  their  use  out  of  her  Majesties  Magazine.  And  be- 
cause the  S"*  Germans  arriving  so  late  cannot  possibly  this  year 
cultivate  any  ground  for  thepr]  Subsistance,  much  less  be  able 
to  pay  the  publick  Levies  of  the  Government,  It  is  the  opinion 
of  this  Board  that  they  be  put  under  the  denomination  of  Rangers 
to  exempt  them  from  that  charge,  And  for  the  better  enabling 
the  S*.  Germans  to  supply  by  hunting  the  want  of  other  pro- 
visions, It  is  also  ordered  that  all  other  persons  be  restrained 
from  hunting  on  any  unpatented  Lands  near  the  Settlement. 


[Extracts  from  the  Court  Records  of  Spotsylvania  County, 
Virginia.  In  these  Orders  the  present  forms  of  surnames,  and 
in  some  cases  the  full  Christian  names,  are  shown  in  square 
brackets.  The  original  forms  of  surnames  are  given  in  notes. 
It  will  be  observed  that  the  English  clerk  who  made  the  en- 
tries distorted  some  of  these  German  names  almost  beyond 
recognition. — Editor.] 

At  a  Court  held  per  adjournment  from  yesterday  the  7th 
day  of  July  Anno  Dom.  1724. 

In  the  action  of  debt*  brought  by  Coll.   Alexander  Spots- 

*Council  Order  of  April  23,  1724,  relates  to  the  petition  of  Zerichias 
Fleshman  and  George  Utz,  representing  themselves  **and  fourteen 
other  high-Germans,'*  then  being  sued  by  Col.  Spotswood  on  account 
of  their  transportation  charges  to  Virginia  They  resided  at  that  time 
near  Germanna.    (  Virginia  Magazine,  History  and  Biography,  Vol. 

XII,  pp.  350-51). 

The  names  of  eighteen  defendants  are  given  in  this  group  of  Court 
Orders,  but  two  of  them  (Ballenger  and  Holt)  are  clearly  not  German 
names.  The  names  of  the  remaining  sixteen  defendants  positively  in- 
dicate their  German  origin.  The  original  forms  of  the  surnames  of  this 
group  are  as  follows:    Paulitz,  Jeager,   Blankenbecker,   Klohr,  Koch, 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  365 

wood  pit.  against  Philip  Paulitz  defend' t.  The  defndt.  failing 
to  appear  and  answer  the  same,  order  is  granted  against  him 
&  the  Sheriff. 

Scheibli,  Schmidt,  Meyer,  Kaffer,  Fleischman,  Utz.  Bryol  is  perhaps 
Briel,  and  Auburge  is  given  in  a  subsequent  Order  as  Ausbergur.  Of 
these  defendants,  three  stated  when  proving  their  importations  that 
they  came  to  Virginia  in  1717,  and  four  others  that  they  came  "about 
nine  years  since,"  i.  e.,  prior  to  May  2,  1727.  It  is  therefore  safe  to 
affirm  that  all  these  defendants  came  in  1717.  Four  others  (Christopher 
Zimmerman,  Jacob  Bryol,  Andrew  Kerker,  and  Christopher  Pavlur,  or 
Parlur)  do  not  appear  in  this  list,  although  the  importation  Orders  show 
that  they  came  in  17 17.  This  was  probably  because  their  obligations  to 
Colonel  Spotswood  had  been  discharged.  These  four  persons,  added 
to  the  sixteen  defendants  named,  make  twenty  families,  which  accounts 
in  full  for  the  colony  of  17 17. 

A  third  colony,  numbering  forty  families,  came  to  Germanna  or  its 
immediate  vicinity  in  1719  or  1721,  as  evidenced  by  the  importation 
Orders  of  John  Broil,  (2d),  and  William  Carpenter.  These  two  colonies 
were  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  faith,  and  probably  in  the  year  1726 
removed  to  the  Robinson  River  section,  in  the  present  Madison  County, 
Va,,  where  they  built  Hebron  Church  in  1740. 

Other  certified  Court  Orders  from  Spotsylvania  show  that  Mr.  Henry 
Conyers  was  attorney  for  the  Germans,  and  Col.  William  Robinson  for 
Col.  Spotswood.  These  Orders. also  show  that  on  July  6,  1725,  upon 
petition  of  Michael  Cook,  Henry  Snyder  and  other  Germans,  leave  was 
granted  them  to  clear  a  road  from  the  ferry  at  Germanna  to  Smith's 
Island  up  the  Rapidan.  This  indicates  that  these  Germans  were  then 
living  in  the  neighborhood  of  Germanna. 

Octobers,  1725,  William  Beverly,  Gent.,  was  allowed  one  day's  at- 
tendance (sixty  pounds  of  tobacco)  in  the  action  against  Conrad  Aus- 
burg,  *'as  one  that  lives  in  another  county  "—probably  Stafford. 

Nov.  I,  1726,  on  petition  of  the  Germans,  Franris  Kirkleyand  George 
James  were  ordered  ''to  lay  out  and  make  the  most  convenient  way  for 
ye  Germans'  Mountain  Road,"  and  Michael  Holt  was  appointed  over- 
seer. This,  in  all  probability,  was  the  year  of  their  removal  from  Ger- 
manna, the  term  **  Mountain  Road"  meaning  the  way  to  their  settle- 
ment near  the  base  of  the  Blue  Ridge. 

August  2,  1727,  Mr.  Robert  Spotswood  asked  the  Court  to  remove 
Michael  Holt  as  surveyor  of  the  ''Mountain  Road",  which  was  done, 
and  Michael  Clore  appointed  in  his  place. 

July  2,  1728,  Michael  Clore  and  George  Outz  (Utz),  on  behalf  of  them- 
selves and  "several  other  of  the  German  inhabitants  of  this  county  at 
Smith's  Island,"  asked  leave  to  clear  a  road  from  said  island  into  the 


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366  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

Ditto  against  Conrad  Auburge  [?],  the  same  order,  he  not 
appearing. 

Ditto,  against  Nicholas  Jeager  [Yager],  he  not  appearing  the 
same  order  is  granted. 

Ditto,  against  Balthaser  Blanker  bucker  [Blankenbaker],  the 
same  order  granted,  he  not  appearing. 

Ditto,  against  Michael  Clore,  continued  by  consent  of  each 
partie. 

main  road  from  *'Germania  Ferry  to  the  Mountain  run.*'  Petition  granted, 
and  Michael  Clore  appointed  overseer. 

June  3,  1729,  Michael  Clore's  petition  was  presented  to  have  a  road 
cleared  from  Mr.  John  Lightfoot's  plantation  uito  the  Germanna  road. 
Granted,  and  Conrad  Ausbergur  and  others  were  ordered  to  assist 
Clore,  with  Christopher  Zimmerman  as  overseer. 

August  5,  1729,  Michael  Holt  and  others  obtained  permission  to  clear 
a  road  from  the  island  in  the  first  fork  of  White  Oak  Run,  "for  to  roll 
their  tobacco.** 

March  3,  1729,  Michael  Cook  was  appointed  to  **  serve  as  Constable 
for  the  Germans  above  the  Crooked  Run  in  the  fork  of  the  Robinson 
and  so  to  the  North  River  in  this  County.** 

June  I,  1725,  Robert  Turner,  one  of  the  Germans  who  proved  his  im- 
portation as  of  the  year  1720,  was  appointed  a  Constable. 

Other  Orders  relating  to  roads  in  old  Spotsylvania  County  were  en- 
tered at  this  period,  showing  the  trend  of  settlement  up  the  valley  of  the 
Rapidan.  Feb.  2,  1730,  an  Order  was  entered  extending  a  road  from 
John  Christopher's  to  a  point  in  the  fork  of  Robinson  River,  and  thence 
to  the  foot  of  NeaFs  Mountain.  Finally,  on  May  i,  1733,  Isaac  Norman 
was  discharged  as  overseer  of  the  road  from  the  '*  Mountain  Tract  to 
Jonas  Jenkins  at  the  Great  Mountain,"  and  John  Naul  ordered  to  serve 
in  his  stead.  No  doubt  this  road  was  soon  extended  across  the  Blue 
Ridge  by  way  of  Swift  Run  Gap. 

These  Germans  were  visited  by  Gottschalk,  the  Moravian  missionary, 
in  1748,  who  states  that  most  of  them  came  from  Wurtemberg,  Ger- 
many. ( Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography^  Vol.  XI,  pp. 
230-31).  The  contemporaneous  documentary  history  of  these  Germans 
is  brief  and  fragmentary,  but  Prof  Hinke  presents  it  clearly  in  his  sketch 
of  the  German  Reformed  colony  of  17 14,  cited  in  a  previous  note.  The 
removal  of  the  Lutheran  colonists  to  the  Robinson  River  in  1726,  was 
the  second  advance  of  Virginia  to  the  west  during  the  period  covered 
by  these  Council  Orders.  The  frontier  line  was  now  at  the  eastern  base 
of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  preceding  Orders  and  notes  have  shown  its  ex- 
tension beyond  these  mountains. 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT   OF   VIRGINIA.  367 

Ditto,  against  Michael  Cook,  continued  by  consent  of  each 
partie. 

Ditto,  against  Andrew  Ballenger,  there  being  no  appear- 
ance of  either  party:  ordered  that  the  suit  be  dismissed. 

Ditto,  against  George  Sheible:  at  ye  defendants  motion 
Oyer  is  granted. 

Ditto,  against  John  Bryol  [Broil],  the  defendants  failing  to 
appear  &  answer,  order  is  granted  against  ye  Sheriff  and  de- 
fendant. 

Ditto,  against  Michael  Smith,  the  same  order  granted. 

Ditto,  against  George  Mayer  [Meyer],  the  same  order. 

Ditto,  against  Michael  Kaifer  [Kaffer]:  the  same  order. 

Ditto,  against  Mathias  Blan  ker  bucker  [Blankenbaker]  :  the 
same  order. 

Ditto,  against  Michael  Holt :  the  plaintiff  not  appearing  to 
prosecute,  ordered  that  the  said  suit  be  dismissed. 

Ditto,  against  Gyracus  [Zerichias]  Fleshman;  continued  by 
consent  of  each  party. 

Ditto,  against  Nicholas  Blankerbucker  [Blankenbaker]  is  con- 
tinued by  consent. 

Ditto,  against  Hendrick  Snider  [Snyder] :  the  defendt.  fail- 
ing to  appear  &  answer:  order  is  granted  against  him  and  the 
Sheriff. 

Ditto,  against  George  Utz:  the  plaintiff  failing  to  appear  and 
prosecute,  ordered  that  the  said  suit  be  dismissed. 
A  true  copy 

Teste:        T.  A.  Harris,  Clerk. 

[Jan.  loth,  1906]. 

At  a  Court  held  for  Spotsylvania  County  on  Tuesday  the  7th 
day  of  April  1724.     (Will  Book  A,  p.  69). 
Jacob  Holxrow  [Holtzclaw],*  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to 

*The  original  German  forms  of  the  surnames  of  the  1714  colonists 
are:  Holzklau,  Kemper,  Martin,  Spielmann,  Fischbach,  Hoffmann, 
Kuntz,  Richter,  Brumbach,  Weber,  and  Heide.  Of  these  names,  Kemper 
and  Martin  alone  remain  unchanged  in  all  respects.  These  colonists 
were  invited  by  Baron  De  Graffenreid  to  come  to  Virginia  for  the  ex- 
press purpose  of  developing  Governor  Spotswood's  iron  properties. 


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363  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that 

Their  original  homes  were  in  the  old  principality  of  Nassau  Siegen, 
Germany,  now  a  part  of  Westphalia,  and  they  resided  in  the  city  of 
Siegen,  the  town  of  Muesen,  and  adjacent  places.  Although  residents 
of  Stafford  County,  they  doubtless  proved  their  importations  at  Ger- 
manna  because  of  their  acquaintance  with  Governor  Spotswood. 

Colonel  Spotswood  made  the  positive  claim  to  Colonel  William  Byrd 
in  1732  that  he  had  built  the  first  blast  furnace  in  North  America,  and 
that  in  New  England  and  Pennsylvania  they  had  relied  altogether  upon 
"bloomeries"  until  his  example  made  them  attempt  greater  things. 
(Byrd,  History  of  the  Dividing  Line^  Vol.  II,  p.  60).  T\i^  Fry  and 
Jefferson  Map  (1751 )  shows  *' Tubal  '*  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Rappa- 
hannock about  ten  miles  northwest  of  Fredericksburg.  This  was  the 
furnace  built  by  the  colony  of  17 14,  and  here  comparatively  modem 
methods  in  the  manufacture  of  iron  in  this  country  were  introduced. 

These  colonists  remained  at  Germanna  until  the  ]^ear  1721,  when  they 
acquired  lands  in  the  Northern  Neck  and  removed  about  twenty  miles 
northward  from  Germanna,  locating  in  old  Stafford  County.  That  sec- 
tion of  Stafford  fell  into  Prince  William  in  1730,  and  later  (1759)  into 
present  Fauquier  County.  Their  new  home,  called  Germantown,  was 
on  Licking  Run  about  eight  miles  south  of  present  Warrenton,  Va. 
Midland  Station,  on  the  Southern  Railroad,  is  near  this  ancient  settle- 
ment, which,  in  1721,  marked  the  farthest  westward  advance  of  civiliza- 
tion in  Virginia.  The  importance  of  the  preceding  Council  Order,  and 
the  Court  Orders  relating  to  the  colonists  of  1714,  consists  in  the  fact 
that  these  documents  settle  every  doubt  which  has  been  raised  with 
reference  to  the  time  when  and  place  from  which  they  came.  The 
Court  Orders  also  furnish  for  the  first  time  positive  evidence  with 
reference  to  the  names  of  all  the  persons  who  composed  this  colony. 
One  of  them,  Jacob  Holtzclaw,  was  naturalized  July  11,  1722,  and  his 
papers  state  that  he  was  a  native  of  Nassau-Siegen.  {Spotsylvania 
County  Records,  1905,  p.  96).  These  colonists  were  visited  in  1748  by 
Gottschalk  and  Spangenberg,  missionaries  of  the  Moravian  Church, 
who  relate  in  their  diaries  that  these  people  were  natives  of  Nassau- 
Siegen.  (  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography^  Vol.  XI,  pp. 
232-33,  241).  On  p.  231  of  the  Magazine  quoted  above,  the  Christian 
name  of  John  Kemper's  wife  (ancestress  of  the  writer)  is  given  as  Ells- 
beth.  This  is  an  error.  Her  name  was  Alice  Kathrina,  as  shown  by 
the  Court  Order  of  her  husband  proving  their  importation.  The  writings 
of  Willis  M.  Kemper,  Esq.,  and  Rev.  William  J.  Hinke,  referred  to  in  a 
previous  note,  embody  all  the  known  history  of  Germanna  and  German- 
town.  To  the  latter,  the  writer  is  much  indebted  for  valuable  assist- 
ance in  properly  rendering  the  German  names  which  appear  in  these 
Orders. 


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EARLY  WESTWARD  MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  869 

he  cam^  into  this  country  in  the  month  of  Aprill  17 14  and  that 
he  brought  with  him  Margaret  his  wife,  and  John^  and  Henry 
his  two  sons,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  proving  their  said 
importation,  whereupon  certificates  is  ordered  to  be  granted 
them  of  right  to  take  up  two  hundred  acres  of  land. 

John  Camper  [Kemper],  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take 
up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter;  made  oath  that  he 
came  into  this  country  in  the  month  of  Aprill,  17 14,  and  that 
he  brought  with  him  Alice  Kathrina  his  wife,  and  that  this  is 
the  first  time  of  proving  their  said  importation,  whereupon 
certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  one 
hundred  acres  of  land. 

Johannas  [John  Joseph]  Martin  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to 
take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter:  made  oath  that 
he  came  into  this  Country  in  the  month  of  Aprill  17 14,  and 
that  he  brought  with  him  Maria  Kathrina  his  wife,  and  that 
this  is  the  first  time  of  proving  their  said  importation,  where- 
upon certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take 
up  one  hundred  acres  of  land. 


At  a  Court  held  per  adjournment  from  yesterday  the  2nd. 
day  of  June,  1724,  for  Spotsylvania  County.    (Will  Book  A,  pp. 

3-4). 

John  Spellman  [Spillman]  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take 
up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter  :  made  oath  that  he 
came  into  this  colony  to  dwell  in  the  year  17 14  and  that  he 
brought  with  him  his  wife  Mary;  and  that  this  is  the  first  time 
of  proving  their  said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  order- 
ed to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  one  hundred  acres  of 
land. 

Hamon  Fitshback  [Herman  Fishback]  in  order  to  prove  his 
right  to  take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter;  made 
oath  that  he  came  into  this  Colony  to  dwell  in  the  year  1714: 
and  that  he  brought  with  him  Kathrina  his  wife,  and  that  this  is 
the  first  time  of  proving  their  said  importation :  whereupon  cer- 
tificate is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  one 
hundred  acres  of  land. 


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370  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

John  Huffman  [John  Henry  Hoffman].'  the  same  order  for 
himself  and  Kathrina  his  wife. 

Joseph  Guntz  [Coons],  the  same  order  for  himself  and  Kath- 
erina  his  wife,  and  his  son  John  Annalis  Isic]  and  Kathrina  his 
daughter. 

John  Fitshback  [Fishback],  the  same  order  for  himself  and 
Agnes  his  wife. 

Jacob  Rickart  [Rector],  the  same  order  for  himself  and  Eliza- 
beth his  wife  &  his  son  John. 

Milchert  [Melchior]  Brumback,|the'same  order  for  himself  and 
his  wife  Elizabeth. 

Dillman  Weaver,  the  same  order  for  himself  and  Ann  Weaver 
his  mother. 

Lekewin  [Likewise  ?]  Peter  Hitt,  the  same  order  for  himself 
and  Elizabeth  his  wife. 

These  certificates  were  not  issued  until  May  30th.  1729. 
A  true  copy, 

Teste:        T.  A.  Harris,  Clerk. 

[Jan.  10,  1906]. 

[On  the  same  day  the  following  Germans  also  proved  their 
importations,  recorded  in  Will  Book  A,  pp.  68-69]  • 

John  Broil  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up  land  accord- 
ing to  the  Royal  Charter  made  oath  yt.  he  came  into  this  Coun- 
try in  the  month  of  November  1719:  and  that  this  is  the  first 
time  of  proving  his  said  importation;  whereupon  certificate  is 
ordered  to  be  granted  him  of  right  to  take  up  fifty  acres  of 
land. 

Frederick  Cobbler  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up  land 
according  to  the  Royal  Charter:  made  oath  that  he  came  into 
this  country  in  the  month  of  January  1718.  and  he  brought  with 
him  Barbara  his  wife:  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  proving 
their  said  importation;  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be 
granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  one  hundred  acres  of  land. 


At  a  Court  held  for  Spotsylvania  County  on  Thursday  the 
fifth  day  of  April  Anno  Dom.  1726.  (Order  Book  1724  to  1730, 
pp.  107-108). 


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EARLY   WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  371 

On  petition  of  Christopher  Zimerman  in  order  to  prove  his 
right  to  take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made 
oath  that  he  came  into  this  country  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  on« 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventeen,  and  that  he  brought 
Elizabeth  his  wife  and  John  and  Andrew  his  children  with  him, 
&  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his  proving  their  said  importation, 
whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to 
take  up  one  hundred  acres  of  land. 

On  petition  of  Henry  Snyder  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to 
take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that  he 
came  into  this  country  in  the  year  of  Our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  seventeen,  and  that  he  brought  Dorathy  his 
wife  with  him,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his  proving  their 
said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted 
them  of  right  to  take  up  one  hundred  acres  of  land. 

On  petition  of  Mathew  [Michael]  Smith  in  order  to  prove  his 
right  to  take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made 
oath  that  he  came  into  this  country  in  the  year  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  seventeen,  and  brought  with  him  Kathrina 
his  wife,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  proving  their  said  im- 
portation, whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  them 
of  right  to  take  up  one  hundred  acres  of  land. 

Michael  Cock  [Cook]  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up 
land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter  made  oath  that  he  came 
into  this  country  in  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
seventeen,  and  brought  his  wife  Mary  with  him,  and  that  this  is 
the  first  time  of  proving  their  said  importation,  whereupon  cer- 
tificate is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  to  take  up  one  hundred 
acres  of  land. 

Andrew  Kerker  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up  land 
according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that  he  came  into 
this  country  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1717,  and  brought  Marga- 
rita his  wife  and  Barbara  his  daughter  with  him  and  that  this  is 
the  first  time  of  his  proving  their  said  importation,  whereupon 
certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  one 
hundred  &  fifty  acres  of  land. 


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372  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

William  Carpenter*  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up 
land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that  he  came 
into  this  country  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1721,  and  brought 
Elizabeth  his  wife  with  him,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his 
proving  their  said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered 
to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  100  acres  of  land. 

Christopher  Pavlur,  or  Parlur  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to 
take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that 
he  came  into  this  country  in  the  year  17 17,  and  brought  his 
wife  Pauera  with  him,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his  proving 
their  said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be 
granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  100  acres  of  land. 


At  a  court  held  for  Spotsylvania  County  on  Tuesday  ye  second 
day  of  May  1727.     (Order  Book  1724  to  1730,  p.  142). 

On  petition  of  Jacob  Bryol  [Broil]  in  order  to  prove  his  right 
to  take  up  land  according  to  the  Royal  Charter,  made  oath  that 
he  came  into  this  country  about  nine  years  since  wi[th]  Capt. 
Scott,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his  proving  his  said  im- 
portation, whereupon  certificate  is  ordered  to  be  granted  him  of 
right  to  take  up  fifty  acres  of  land. 

On  petition  of  John  Bryoll  [Broil]  in  order  to  prove  his  right 
to  take  up  land  according  to  his  Maj*ties  Royal  Charter,  made 
oath  that  he  came  into  this  country  about  nine  years  since  wi[th] 
Capt.  Scott,  and  that  he  brought  Ursley  his  wife  and  two  chil- 
dren named  Conrad  and  Elizabeth  with  him  and  that  this  is  the 
first  time  of  his  proving  the  said  importations,  whereupon  certifi- 
cate is  ordered  to  be  granted  them  of  right  to  take  up  two  hun- 
dred acres  of  land. 

♦Carpenter  is  the  English  translation  of  Zimmerman.  In  1733  and 
1734.  Michael  Cook,  Michael  Smith,  Michael  Clore,  Andrew  Kercher 
and  George  Utz,  whose  names  appear  in  these  Orders,  were  church 
wardens  of  Hebron  church.  The  name,  Hans  Zeuche,  also  appears  in 
this  connection  in  1734.  {Orange  County  Records;  Wills;  1735-1743, 
pp.  54-57). 


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EARLY  WESTWARD   MOVEMENT  OF  VIRGINIA.  378 

On  petition  of  Nicholas  Yeager  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to 
take  up  land  according  "^o  his  Maj'ties  Royal  Charter,  made 
oath  that  he  came  into  this  country  about  nine  years  since  wi[th] 
Capt.  Scott,  and  that  he  brought  Mary  his  wife  and  two  children 
Adam  and  Mary  with  him,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of 
proving  the  said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered 
to  be  granted  him  of  right  to  take  up  two  hundred  acres  of 
land. 

Philip  Paulitz  in  order  to  prove  his  right  to  take  up  land  ac- 
cording to  his  Maj'ties  Royal  Charter  made  oath  that  he  came 
into  this  country  about  nine  years  since  wi[th]  Capt.  Scott,  and 
that  he  brought  with  him  Rose  his  wife  and  two  children  named 
Margaret  and  Katherina,  and  that  this  is  the  first  time  of  his 
proving  the  said  importation,  whereupon  certificate  is  ordered 
to  be  granted  him  of  right  to  take  up  two  hundred  acres  of 
land. 


At  a  Court  held  and  continued  for  Spotsylvania  County  No- 
vember 8th,  1727.     (Order  Book  1724  to  1730,  p.  214). 

On  petition  of  Robert  Turner,  a  German,  in  order  to  prove 
his  right  to  take  up  land  according  to  his  Majesties  Royal 
Charter,  made  oath  that  he  came  into  this  Colony  in  the  year 
one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  twenty  and  that  he  brought 
his  wife  named  Mary  and  his  children  named  Christopher, 
Christianna.  Kathrina,  Mary  &  Parva,  and  that  this  is  the  first 
time  of  proving  the  said  importation,  thereupon  certificate  is 
ordered  to  be  granted  him  of  right  to  take  up  three  hundred 
and  fifty  acres  of  land. 


CORRECTIONS. 

In  the  April  number,  1905,  of  the  Magazine,  on  pp.  338  and 
345  (notes),  for  Colonial  History  of  New  York,  read  Docu- 
ments Relative  to  the  Colonial  History  of  New  York,  In  the 
same  number,  p.  344,  the  date  of  map  cited  should  read  1758. 

On  p.  119,  October  number,  1905,   in  Revised  Code  of  Vir- 


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874  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ginia,  for  1818,  read  1819  (note).  In  the  same  number,  p.  124, 
for  Governor  Hamilton,  read  Goverrfor  Keith.  In  the  same 
number,  p.  133,  a  statement  is  made  from  which  an  unfavorable 
inference  may  be  drawn  relative  to  Jost  Hite  and  Robert  McKay. 
This  note  was  based  upon  a  copy  of  the  Council  Order  to  which 
it  relates,  from  which  an  entire  line  had  been  inadvertently 
omitted  and  the  sense  preserved.  This  line  was  sdbsequently 
inserted  after  the  note  had  been  written,  but  consideration  was 
not  given  to  its  effect  upon  the  note.  It  is  but  just  to  say  that 
the  fullest  investigation  leads  to  the  conclusion  that  Hite  was 
eminently  fair  in  all  of  his  land  transactions,  while  himself  suffer- 
ing much  injustice  at  the  hands  of  Lord  Fairfax. 

In  the  January  number  of  the  Magazine,  p.  286,  in  the  note 
concerning  "Cape  Leanock"  river,  it  was  intended  to  say  that 
the  correct  spelling  would  have  made  it  read  one  word  instead 
of  two. 


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 

It  is  again  desired  to  express  grateful  acknowledgment  to 
William  G.  Stanard,  Esq.,  Editor  of  the  Magazine,  for  valuable 
advice  and  assistance,  often  sought  and  always  promptly  and 
kindly  given,  especially  with  reference  to  the  land  records  at 
Richmond.  To  John  A.  Garber,  Esq.,  a  native  Virginian  re- 
siding in  Washington,  sincere  thanks  are  extended  for  valuable 
aid  in  preparing  the  material  for  publication,  which  task  he  also 
performed  in  connection  with  the  * 'Moravian  Diaries  of  Travel 
through  Virginia,"  recently  published  in  the  Magazine.  Thanks 
are  also  extended  to  T.  A.  Harris,  Esq. ,  Clerk  of  Spotsylvania 
County,  Virginia,  for  prompt  and  intelligent  investigations  of  his 
records. 


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VIRGINIA   IN    1639-40.  375 


VIRGINIA  IN   1639.40. 


Wyatt's  Second  Administration. 


(Abstracts  by  W.  N.  Sainsbury,  and  copies  in  the  McDonald  and  De 
Jarnette  Papers,  Virginia  State  Library.) 


(continued.) 


Report  on  Sir  Thomas  Gates's  Estate. 
(Abstract.) 

July  30.  1639. 

Report  of  the  Sub  Committee  for  Foreign  Plantations  to  the 
Lords  of  the  Privy  Council,  on  petition  of  Edmund  Dawber 
administrator  of  the  estate  of  Sir  Thomas  Gates*  deceased. 
That  similar  letters  to  those  written  by  their  Lordships  30th  Nov' 
1632  to  the  Earls  of  Dorset  and  of  Danby  on  behalf  of  Marga- 
ret Dawber  and  Elizabeth  Gates,  daughters  and  orphans  of  Sir 
Thomas  Gates,  and  of  Margaret  relict  of  his  eldest  son  for  re- 
covery of  the  estate  left  them  by  Sir  Thomas  Gates  then  de- 
ceased of  which  estate  pet^  hath  since  taken  forth  letters  of  ad- 
ministration in  right  of  said  Orphans  be  now  granted  on  behalf 
of  Pet'  and  directed  to  the  Gov'  and  Council  of  Virginia  for  the 
time  being  for  the  full  recovery  unto  the  Pet'  of  the  whole  estate 
belonging  to  said  Sir  Thomas  Gates  within  the  Government  of 
Virginia — Signed  by  Sir  Will  Becker  Abrah.  Williams,  Sir  Fran- 
cis Wyatt  and  Geo.  Sandys. 

{Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  31.) 


The  long  explanatory  and  defensive  letter  from  Governor 
Harvey  and  his  Council  printed  in  this  Magazine  III,  21-34, 
should  be  dated  1639. 

♦See  Brown's  Genesis,  II,  894-896. 


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376  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Francis  Wyatt  Jr.,  at  Cambridge. 
(Abstract.) 

Westminster  Palace,  Aug.  7,  1639. 
The  King  to  the  provosts  of  King's  College  Cambridge  and  of 
Eton  College  and  to  the  electors  there,  Recommends  Francis 
Wyatt  a  Scholar  of  Eton  College  and  son  of  Sir  Francis  Wyatt 
Governor  of  Virginia  to  be  chosen  &  admitted  at  this  election 
to  the  first  or  second  place  in  King's  College  Cambridge — Signed 
by  the  King. 

(^Domestic  Correspond:  Charles  I,  Vol.  427,  No.  28,) 


Report  on  Petition  of  Rev.  Anthony  Panton. 

(Abstract.) 

Aug.  10,  1639. 

Report  of  the  Sub-Committee  for  Foreign  Plantations  to  the 
Lords  of  the  Privy  Council  on  petition  of  Anthony  Panton* 
rector  of  York  &  Cheskayack  in  Virginia  against  Richard  Kemp 
Secretary  of  that  Colony.  Have  heard  pet"  witness  &  the  sen- 
tence given  against  him  and  examined  what  relations  have  been 
sent  over  from  the  Gov'  and  Council  of  Virginia  concerning 
this  business.  That  pet'  is  an  able  Preacher  and  conformable  to 
the  church  of  England,  diligent  in  his  calling  and  without  scan- 
dal in  his  life  that  he  is  sentenced  to  a  fine  of  ;^5oo  to  the  king- 
public  Submission  to  [in?]  all  the  parishes  in  the  Colony — dis- 
abilities ever  to  claim  or  possess  anything  in  it  &  banishment 
firom  it  on  pain  of  death — the  informations  are  charges  of  muti- 
nous speeches  &  disobedience  to  Sir  John  Harvey  &  scandals 
against  Rich.  Kemp  who  framed  said  informations  also  a  charge 
of  counterfeiting  and  publishing  a  ridiculous  letter  from  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury  all  of  which  pet'  denies — Cannot  find 
out  any  proofs  but  rather  that  ten  months  before  said  sentence 
pet'  was  presented  by  Sir  John  Harvey  to  a  benefice,  tho*  he  is 
accused  of  mutinous  behaviour  during  the  whole  six  or  seven 

♦  Rev.  Anthony  Panton  minister  of  York  had  incurred  the  displeasure 
of  Secretary  Kemp  and  been  banished  from  Virginia.  See  this  Ma|^a- 
zine,  V,  123-128,  XI,  170-172. 


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VIRGINIA   IN    1639-4XX  377 

years  of  his  residence  '  *  which  seems  to  us  very  strange. ' '     The 
whole  matter  should  be  referred  to  the  New  Governor  going 
thither  but  Sir  John  Harvey  and  Kemp  not  to  assist   &  the 
former  sentence  suspended.     3  pp. 
(^Colonial  Papers t  Vol.  10,  No.  32.) 


Petition  of  Anthony  Panton. 
(Abstract.) 

1639  ?  (see  August  10.) 

Petition  of  Anthony  Panton,  rector  of  York  and  Cheskiack 
in  Virginia  to.  the  Lords  of  the  Privy  Council.  Upon  report 
from  the  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Plantations  their  Lord- 
ships directed  letters  to  Sir  Francis  Wyatt  the  now  Governor 
and  the  council  concerning  an  injurious  sentence  against  pet"  to 
rehear  said  case  and  suspend  that  part  touching  pet"  banish- 
ment. For  as  much  as  he  doubts  not  but  at  the  rehearing  to 
manifest  his  innocence  &  integrity  and  is  informed  that  Sir  John 
Harvey  who  hath  pet"  goods  &  estate  in  his  hands  hath  already 
wasted  part,  so  that  he  fears  it  will  be  all  irrecoverably  con- 
sumed before  his  cause  be  ended.  Prays  that  directions  may  be 
given  to  deliver  same  into  the  hands  of  Sir  Francis  Wyatt,  that 
if  pet'  be  found  innocent  he  may  be  restored  to  his  cure.  Un- 
derwritten is  a  mem. 

The  Lord's  first  letter  was  dated  Aug.  11,  1639. 

{Colonial Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  33.) 


Petition  of  Howard  Horsey  in  Regard  to  Quit  Rents. 

(Abstract.) 

Sept.  20,  1639. 

Petition  of  Howard  Horsey  to  the  King.  An  annual  rent  of 
I2d  upon  every  fifty  acres  in  Virginia  reserved  to  the  King  has 
never  been  paid  and  the  Receiver  General  is  lately  dead  without 
giving  any  account  of  his  service  in  regard  to  his  great  charges 
&  trouble  because  of  the  wildness  of  the  plantation. 

The  rent  being  a  badge  of  sovereignty  which  ought  not  to  be 
omiitted,  and  the  pet'  settled  there  having  great  experience  and 


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378  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

able  to  raise  the  rent  to  a  good  value,  prays  for  a  grant  of  the 
office  of  Receiver  General  and  a  lease  for  14  years  or  the  nomi- 
nation of  two  lives,  at  a  reasonable  rate,- for  which  pet'  will  pay 
a  yearly  rent  to  be  estimated  with  power  to  compound  for 
arrears  and  survey  all  lands  granted  by  patent  or  order  of  Court. 
With  reference  to  the  Lord  Keeper,  Lord  Treasurer,  Earl  of 
Dorset  &  Lord  Cottington  to  report  on  the  whole  business. 
Whitehall,  1639,  Sept.  2. 

(^Domestic  Charles  /  Vol.  403,  p.  43.) 


Petition  of  Ship  Owners. 
(Abstract.) 

Sept.?  1639. 

Petition  of  the  Merchants  Masters  and  Owners  of  the  William 
&  Sara,  the  Charles,  the  George,  and  the  Charity  of  London 
to  the  Lords  of  the  Privy  Council.  That  said  ships  came  from 
Virginia  about  April  and  May  last  with  great  quantities  of  to- 
bacco &  other  commodities  to  the  port  of  London  for  which 
pet"  paid  his  Maj.  great  sums  of  money  for  custom — are  now 
ready  to  go  with  said  ships  to  Virginia  with  passengers  &  pro- 
visions for  supply  of  their  plantations  there  but  cannot  be  per- 
mitted to  clear  their  ships  without  order  from  their  Lordships. 
Prays  that  orders  be  given  to  the  officers  of  his  Maj.  Custom^ 
to  suffer  pet"  to  clear  said  ships  together  with  the  passengers  & 
provisions  and  that  said  passengers  be  examined  &  take  the 
oaths  of  allegiance  &  supremacy  at  gravesend  as  hath  been 
usual. 

{Colonial Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  37.) 


[Inclosures  in  Above.] 

List  of  provisions  on  board  the  William  &  Sara,  the  George 
the  Charity  and  the  Charles — with  100  passengers  on  each  ship 
(not  named). 

License  from  the  Privy  Council  to  the  officers  of  his  Maj^ 
Customs  within  the  Ports  of  London  and  Gravesend  for  the 
ships  above  named  with  the  passengers  and  provisions  to  pass 


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VIRGINIA   IN    1639-40.  879 

on  in  their  intended  voyage  without  hinderance  or  molestation 
provided  that  all  the  said  passengers  first  take  the  oaths  of  al- 
legiance and  supremacy  1639  Sept  15.     Draft  with  corrections. 
(^Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  Nos.  37,  I,  II.) 


Petition  OF  Vassall  &c.,  Merchants. 
(Abstract.) 

Petition  of  Samuel  Vassall,*  William  Felgate  and  Maurice 
Thompson  of  London  Merchants  to  the  Lords  of  the  Privy 
Council,  Have  freighted  the  Anne  &  the  James  of  London,  for 
a  yoyage  to  St.  Christopher's  &  Virginia,  heretofore  stayed  by 
a  general  stay  in  the  Thames  and  afterwards  in  regard  of  the 
urgent  necessity  of  supply  in  said  Plantations  released.  But 
driven  by  contrary  winds  into  Plymouth  they  are  there  again 
detained  to  the  great  damage  of  pet"  having  already  lost  three 
months  by  the  said  stays  and  contrary  winds — Pray  in  regard  of 
their  excessive  charge  having  on  board  about  two  hundred 
passengers  besides  Mariners,  for  a  warrant  for  release  of  said 
ships. 

(^Colonial Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  44.) 


Tobacco  Planting  Restricted. 
(Abstract.) 
Mem  :  that  Instructions  were  sent  for  the  restraining  the  ex- 
cessive planting  of  tobacco  and  that  for  the  two  next  ensuing 

♦  Samuel  Vassall,  an  eminent  merchant  was  M.  P.  for  London  1640-60, 
and  was  one  of  the  original  patentees  of  Massachusetts  lands.  He  was 
son  of  John  Vassall  of  London,  who  fitted  out  at  his  own  expense  & 
Commanded  two  ships  against  the  Spanish  Armada.  Samuel  Vassairs 
brother  William  resided  at  Barbadoes,  where  he  died  in  1657.  William 
Vassall  had  a  son  Col.  John,  who  had  many  interests  in  Virginia,  espec- 
ially in  Rappahannock  County,  and  his  daughter  Anna,  married  Nicholas 
Ware,  whose  administration  was  printed  in  this  Magazine,  XII,  303. 
See  Walters' %  Gleanings,  II,  13 10-1322. 

For  William  Felgate  see  this  Magazine,  II,  181-182,  and  for  Maurice 
Thompson,  I,  188-189. 


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380  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

years  there  should  not  be  planted  above  twelve  hundred  thous- 
and weight  per  annumn  for  the  advancement  of  the  price 
thereof, 

(^Minute,  Colonial  Correspondence ^  Vol.  I,  No.  20,  p.  i.) 


Petition  of  Ralph  Wyatt. 

(Abstract.) 

1639? 

Petition  of  Ralph  Wyatt  to  the  King.     Served  in  his  Maj. 
service  in  the  troop  of  horse  in  the  Isle  of  Rhe  where  "  he  lost 
much  blood'*  besides  the  consumption  of  his  means  for  which 
he  hath  had  no  recompense  sufficient  to  discharge  the  costs  of 
surgery. 

Forasmuch  as  pet'  had  married  the  widow  of  Capt  Wm. 
Button  to  whom  by  virtue  of  a  letter  from  the  Lords  of  the 
Council  certain  land  was  assigned  in  Virginia  by  orders  of  Court 
there  amounting  to  7000  acres  and  now  in  the  podsession  of  pet' 
Prays  the  confirmation  there  of  to  him  under  the  Great  Seal  in 
right  of  his  wife  whose  estate  hath  been  greatly  impoverished 
by  seeking  the  said  land,  there  being  nothing  left  her  by  said 
Button  but  the  hopes  of  enjoying  it  for  ;^t5oo  disbursed  by  her. 

{Colonial Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  45.) 


Order  of  Privy  Council  in  Regard  to  Horses  to  be 
Sent  to  Virginia. 

(Abstract.) 

Jan.  1639-40. 

The  Lords  of  the  Privy  Council  to  the  Governor  &  Council 
of  Virginia.  An  order  was  made  at  the  Quarter  Court  held  at 
James  City  26  March  1639  allowing  Thomas  Stegg*  artd  Jeremy 
Blackman  to  furnish  Virginia  with  horses,  mares  and  such  like 
beasts  of  carriage  and  to  export  from  thence  the  like  number  of 
neat  cattle.     Recommend  the  same  to  the  now  Governor  and 

♦  Thomas  Stegg,  a  London  Merchant,  who  frequently  resided  in  Vir- 
ginia See  this  Magazine,  VI,  300.  His  will  and  that  of  his  sdn  Thomas 
Stegg,  are  given  in  trailers' s  Gleanings,  101-102. 


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VIRGINIA   IN    1639-40.  381 

Council  and  if  they  see  no  cause  to  alter  it  to  confirm  said 
order. 

Drafts  with  Corrections. 

(^Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  57.) 


Governor  Wyatt*  to . 

(Copy.) 
Indorsed  Virginia. 

A  letter  from  Mr.  Francis  Wyatt  dat.  25  March,   1640,  rec*d 
at  Whitehall,  the  5th  of  June,  1640. 
Sir: 

Since  my  arrival  in  Virginia  wee  have  beene  (in  a  manner) 
wholly  taken  up  about  the  regulation  of  tobaccof  the  excessive 
planting  whereof  hath  beene  so  greate  an  hindrance  to  the 
growth  of  this  Colony.  By  reason  of  the  vast  quantities  made 
this  yeare  we  have  been  forced  to  a  strict  way  of  destroying  the 
bad  and  halfe  the  goode  which  was  propounded  to  us  &  desired 
by  the  principal  merchants  about  London  as  the  only  means  to 
raise  the  price  and  though  the  physicke  seems  sharp  yet  I 
hope  it  will  bring  the  body  of  the  Colony  to  a  sound  constitution 
of  health  then  ever  it  enjoyed  before.  We  have  represented  in 
our  petition  to  their  L**^  the  necessary  reasons  for  it  in  opposi- 

♦  Sir  Francis  Wyatt*s  second  administration  as  Governor  of  Virginia , 
extended  from  November,  1639  to  February,  1641-3,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Sir  William  Berkeley.  For  notices  of  Governor  Wyatt  and 
the  Wyatt  family  see  this  Magazine,  III,  177-180;  VII,  46-48;  and  U'illiam 
6f  Mary  Quarterly  II,  152;  III.  35*74;  VI.  257;  X,  59;  XI,  35-45,  111-116. 
Sir  Francis  Wyatt  was  greatly  liked  in  Virginia,  and  after  Harvey's  un- 
popular administration  he  was  especially  welcome. 

t  At  the  session  of  Assembly  beginning  Jan.  6,  1639-40,  a  determined 
effort  was  made  to  improve  the  character  of  Virginia  tobacco.  The 
amount  to  be  planted  was  restricted  and  elaborate  provisions  made  for 
inspections.  In  Hening  I,  224-225,  brief  abstracts  of  the  various  tobacco 
laws  are  given,  but  the  Robinson  MSS,  Va.  Historical  Society  Col- 
lection, contains  the  full  text  of  the  acts  of  this  session.  A  list  of  the 
numerous  * 'viewers'*  (inspectors)  appointed  and  the  portions  of  the  act 
which  prescribe  their  duties  and  the  oath  to  be  taken,  were  printed  in 
this  Magazine,  V,  1 19-123,  274-277. 


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382  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

tion  to  any  refractory  person  that  may  question  the  act,  and  I 
hope  we  shall  find  your  Honor  one  Patron  to  joine  in  protect- 
ing us  against  any  causeles  complaint  conseming  it,  and  that  it 
Will  be  judged  as  Service  acceptable  to  his  Maj****  and  their 
L'P**'.  I  am  farther  in  my  owne  particular  to  move  your  Honor 
that  whereas  it  pleased  his  Maj*^  to  grant  to  S'  John  Harvey  my 
predesessor  the  Fines  &  Amerceaments  and  other  the  like 
profitts  wh.  the  Governors  here  have  usually  enjoyed  to  their 
own  use  without  accompt  for  their  better  support  in  the  many  and 
great  charges  incident  to  the  place  I  am  become  an  humble 
Suitor  to  his  majesty  that  he  will  be  pleased  to  grant  the  like 
gracious  Letters  of  Privie  Seale  to  me,  and  I  shall  humbly  be- 
seech your  Honor  to  prefer  and  recommend  My  Suite  to  his 
Maj'**  hoping  that  I  shall  not  be  denied  to  enjoy  the  advantages 
incident  to  my  place  thereby  to  take  off  from  the  charge  as  fully 
as  my  predecessor  who  held  the  Government  ten  yeares  enjoyed 
them. 

The  experience  of  your  Honores  many  favores  embolden  me 
their  favre  and  oblige  me  to  remaine  Your  Honours  most 
ready  to  do  you  iiumble  service. 

Francis  Wiat. 

March  25th,  1640. 

(^Colonial X,  No.  62.) 


Richard  Kemp  to . 

(Copy.) 

March  20,  1639. 

Right  ho*''^ 

Since  ye  late  change  by  ye  arrivall  of  new  Gov'  was  Sir 
Francis  Wiate,  They  of  the  old  Commission  have  bene  perse- 
cuted with  much  malice,  the  weight  whereofe  hath  hitherto  prin- 
cipallye  fallen  upon  S'  John  Harvey  whose  estate  is  wholly 
sequestred  att  p" sent  and  att  the  next  Court  now  approaching 
will  assuredly  be  swept  away.  His  present  intendments  are  to 
repaire  for  England  this  yeare,  but  it  is  questionable  whether  ye 
passage  will  be  free  and  open  for  him,  perhaps  fearing  some 
new  trouble  to  themselves. 

I  am  an  humble  supplyant  to  yo'  Hono'  to  move  his  Maj**'  for 


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VIRGINIA   IN    1639-40.  383 

his  gratious  license  to  me  to  see  England  ye  next  yeare,  with 
power  to  depute  some  other  during  ye  tyme  of  my  absence  w'** 
deputacon  I  would  conferr  upon  Mr.  Georg  Read  with  helpe  to 
assist  him  for  ye  execucon  thereofe. 

I  will  enable  myself  in  ye  meane  tyme  to  give  his  Ma"*  as 
perfect  Accompt  of  his  Revenue  here  and  of  all  other  perquisites 
to  him  w"**  other  matters  much  inducing  to  his  service. 

Thus  humbly  resting. 

Your  hono"  humbly  devoted, 

Rich  Kemp. 
James  Cittie  this  in  March,  1639. 

{State  Papers y  Colonial,  Vol.  10,  No.  61. 


Richard  Kemp  to  Secretary  Windebanke. 
(Copy.) 

[April  24,  1640.] 
Rt  Hona**"* 

I  am  to  my  much  griefe  assured  by  the  order  of  their  Ld"*" 
and  others  of  your  Honors  of  his  Majties  Most  bono*"*  privie 
Councill  transmitted  hither  this  yeare  to  the  new  governor  & 
councell  for  the  rehearing  of  a  cause  &  examining  of  the  grounds 
of  a  sentence  passed  in  October  1638  against  one  Mr.  Anthony 
Panton  a  minister  how  much  I  suffer  by  the  misinformation  of 
the  said  Mr.  Panton  tp  that  most  honorable  Board  touching  that 
matter  as  if  by  my  unjust  pracetyses  &  malicious  complaints 
and  not  anie  guilt  in  him  had  procured  the  act  of  banishment 
against  him.  But  the  greatest  of  my  miseries  is  that  I  am  tra- 
duced by  him  to  have  spoken  irreverently  and  to  the  dishonor 
of  my  Lord  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  his  Grace  w**  he  preten- 
deth  to  her  [hear]  to  this  effect  &  with  this  circumstance. 

That  upon  his  demand  of  an  appeal  I  should  ask  him  to 
whom  &  yt  upon  his  saying  that  he  would  appeal  to  the  King 
&  my  Lord  of  Canterbury  I  should  answer  I  thought  where  I 
should  have  you  from  hence  to  Canterbury  &  from  Canterbury  to 
Roame,  to  which  are  words  never  uttered  by  me,  neither  did  I 
ever  harbour  Anie  disrespect  in  my  breast  towards  his  Grace. 

I  am  sensible  witfi  what  disadvantage  I  now  plead,  the  accu- 


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384  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

sation  having  been  urged  in  my  absence  and  assisted  with  credit 
by  mediation  and  friendshipp  noe  defence  being  neare  for  me 
in  which  point  alone  my  innocence  hath  betrayed  mee. 

I  am  an  humble  suppliant  to  your  Honor  to  acquaint  my 
Lord  Archbyshopp  his  Grace  with  this  Certificate  from  the  then 
Gov'  &  the  whole  counsell  then  present  &  resident  in  the 
Collony  excepting  one  who  is  since  dead  as  also  with  this  testi- 
monie  under  the  hand  of  the  Clark  of  the  Court  then  present 
who  is  ready  to  depose  the  same. 

To  which  purpose  I  could  procure  the  oathes  of  all  or  most 
who  were  then  in  presence  whose  qualitie  deserves  creditt,  But  y't 
I  cannot  send  authentique  Certificates  of  them  as  the  termes  now 
stand  with  mee,  And  I  humbly  crave  that  some  circumstances 
may  be  heard  for  mee,  for  at  that  time  Mr.  Panton  was  knowne 
to  mee  to  have  much  offended  especiall  manner  against  his  Grace 
by  Counterfeiting  a  Letter  from  his  Grace  as  also  by  other 
words  of  Scandall  towards  him  wh.  were  certified  upon  oath 
from  the  Govornor  &  Counsell  which  Letter  since  the  last  ar- 
rivall  of  the  said  Mr.  Panton  to  ye  Colony  he  hath  affirmed  his 
Lordship  did  acknowledge  was  sent  from  him  as  will  bee  proved 
upon  oath  against  him  by  one  Capt.  Richard  Townshend  now  in 
England  and  who  hath  deposed  the  same  already  here.  Though 
(as  I  understand)  hee  did  (with  what  cunninge  I  cannot  device) 
wrest  that  matter  to  my  injurye.  I  will  not  trouble  your  Honor 
with  any  thing  further  at  this  time  in  ye  cause  concerning  Mr. 
Panton  wh.  will  bee  transmitted  at  large  very  shortly. 

But  I  humbly  desire  your  Honor  to  represent  to  my  Lord 
Archbishop  his  Grace  these  proofs  &  instance  of  my  clearness 
&  innocense  in  any  disrespect  towards  him  to  whom  I  humbly 
bend  with  all  reverence  &  humility  which  I  had  personally  before 
this  time  done  were  I  not  detained  here  (I  confess)  with  faire 
pretence  of  the  necessitie  of  my  attendance  to  ye  service,  but 
I  may  assure  myself  out  of  no  other  end  than  that  my  absence 
might  prejudice  my  cause  neither  did  I  expect  any  other 
measure  from  this  new  change  of  government  or  ye  persons 
trusted  therein  the  ground  of  whose  enmitie  toward  mee  I  shall 
not  be  ashamed  in  time  &  place  to  deliver  which  was  the  motive 
to  my  humble  Suite  the  last  >eare  to  your  Honor  for  his  Maj*** 


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VIRGINIA  IN    1639-40.  386 

Letter  to  License    my  repaire  for  England  wherein  I  againe 
humbly  implore  your  Honour  favor  to  his  Maj***. 

I  present  these  lines  by  the  hands  of  one  Mr.  Christopher 
Higgison*  a  near^  kinsman  to  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Ely  to  whom 
I  have  sent  a  copy  of  the  Certificates  from  the  late  Govornor  & 
Councill  and  this  gentleman  hath  promised  to  do  me  all  right  in 
the  reporting  of  my  cause  to  his  Lo^'  which  he  is  the  better 
enabled  to  do  in  respect  Mr.  Panton's  enormities  are  so  well 
known  to  him;  Thus  resting  in  all  submission. 

Your  Honour  humbly  to  serve  you 

Rich:  Kemp. 
James  Cittie,  this  24th  of  April,  1640. 

{Colonial  X,  No.  64,  III.) 

[Indorsed]  W.  Indos.  The  duplicate  of  my  letter  to  Mr.  Sec- 
retary Windebanke,  Virginia,  24th  April,  1640. 


Richard  Kemp  to  Robert  Reade. 
(Abstract.) 

James  City,  April  24,  1640. 
Richard  Kemp  Secretary  of  Virginia  to  Robert  Reade.  Has 
sent  inclosed  copies  of  his  letters  to  Sec.  Windebank  and  Lord 
Baltemore  and  craves  his  good  assistence  to  this  gentleman. 
Mr.  Higgenson  a  near  kinsman  to  my  Lord  of  Ely  whose 
strength  he  hopes  will  be  added  to  his  cause. 

Is  extremely  injured  and  shall  suffer  without  guilt  unless  his 
friends  now  assist  him  in  his  absence  being  bandied  between  the 
Sub-committee  and  the  new  Governor  &  Council  here  who  aim 
at  his  ruin — Beseeches  his  endeavours  and  pains  herein. 
{Colonial  Papers,   Vol,  lo,  No.  64.) 
[Indorsed]  rec.  28  June  by  Mr.  Higgenson. 


*  Christopher  Higginson  lived  in  lames  City  Co.,  and  was  a  brother 
of  Humphrey  Higginson,  member  of  the  Virginia  Council.  Christopher 
Higginson  died  in  1673.  Bishop  Wren  was  at  that  time  the  incumbent 
of  the  see  of  Ely. 


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386  virginia  historical  magazine. 

Richard  Kemp  to  Lord  Baltimore. 

(Inclosure  in  Above.) 

(Abstract.) 

Richard  Kemp  to  Lord  Baltemore  account  of  the  case  as  con- 
cerns himself  and  one  Panton  a  Minister  who  was  last  year 
banished  the  Colony  by  Sir  John  Harvey  and  the  rest  of  the 
then  Council.  Panton  on  his  arrival  in  England  found  Capts. 
West,  Mathews,  and  the  rest  of  that  faction  ready  to  abet  him 
in  any  complaint  against  us  and  to  colour  his  foul  offences — 
their  malice  found  out  a  way  to  Kemp's  ruin  by  charging^  Kemp 
with  saying  in  reply  to  Panton' s  speech  that  he  should  appeal 
to  the  King  and  my  Lord  of  Canterbury — **oh!  I  thought 
where  I  should  have  you  first  to  Canterbury  and  then  to  Rome." 
Humbly  beseeches  his  Lordships  interest  with  Sec.  Windebank 
to  acquaint  my  Lord  of  Canterbury  with  the  circumstances  to 
clear  Kemp,  for  he  und^erstands  his  Lordship  is  much  incensed 
against  Kemp.  Hopes  to  be  in  England  before  the  case  comes 
before  the  Sub-committees  if  he  can  get  away  by  stealth*  Sir 
John  sleeps  away  care  and  complies  with  his  enemies  to  his 
further  misfortune.     2  pp. 

(^Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  64,  L) 


Certificate  of  Governor  Harvey  &  Council  in 
Regard  to  Kemp. 
(Abstract  Inclosure.) 
Certificate  of  the  Governer  and  Council  of  Virginia.     That 
Richard   Kemp,    Secretary   of  the  Colony,    preferred  by  their 
special  order  a  bill  of  information  on  behalf  of  his  Maj.  against 
one  Anthony   Panton,   clerk,  touching  several  rebellions  muti- 
nous &  riotous  words  and  actions  done  &  spoken  by  Panton  in 
contempt  of  the  Govern'  and  authority  established  by  his  Maj; 
in  this  Colony.     And  that  Panton  being  upon  eviction  banished 
the  Colony  hath  reported  that  Kemp  should  have  said  when 


*  Kemp  finally  escaped  from  Virginia  by  stealth.  A  ship  owner  or 
master  was  summoned  before  the  Virginia  Council  to  answer  for  assisting 
Richard  Kemp  to  depart  secretly  out  of  the  country. 


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VIRGINIA    IN    1639-40.  387 

Panton  craved  to  be  admitted  to  appeal  '*You  will  appeal  first  to 
Canterbury  and  then  to  Rome.** 

That  no  such  words  or  anything  to  that  sense  or  purpose 
were  spoken  at  that  time  by  Kemp,  for  Panton  did  in  plain  and 
direct  words  appeal  for  England  and  Kemp's  reply  was — That 
he  did  not  conceive  it  fitting  for  it  would  be  a  means  to  dis- 
people the  King's  Colony  if  all  the  witnesses  against  Panton 
were  sent  along  with  him.  And  Panton  excepting  in  general 
terms  against  all  the  witnesses,  Kemp  replied:  Here  is  no 
competent  judge  for  you  nor  no  competent  witness  against  you, 
as  you  allege.  I  think  you  will  at  least  appeal  for  Rome  as  the 
fittest  place  for  such  an  Incendiary,  no  mention  being  of  his 
Grace  of  Canterbury.  That  said  imputation  of  words  is  most 
malicious  and  scandalous  savoring  of  revenge  and  deserving  of 
exemplary  punish'.  Panton  has  been  many  years  a  turbulent 
wrestler  with  authority  <&  hath  heretofore  been  banished  the 
Colony. 

2  pp.  signed  by  Harvey  Browne  8c  Brocas,  29th  Oct.,  1639. 

(^Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  64  II.) 


George  Reade  to  Robert  Reade. 
(Abstract.) 

James  City,  April  24,  1640. 
George  Reade  to  his  brother  Robert  Reade  Secretary  to  Sec. 
Windebank  Prays  his  brother  to  pay  Capt.  Peirce  * 'which  God 
knows  I  am  not  able  to  do."  If  his  brother  knew  his  necessities 
is  sure  he  would  not  blame  him.  Hopes  he  has  received  money 
to  supply  him  with  two  servants  which  may  well  be  transported 
hither  for  ;^io  a  man  with  bedding  clothes  and  all  things  fitting 
for  servants  by  whose  labours  and  his  own  endeavours  he  hopes 
of  a  subsistence  without  any  further  trouble  to  his  brother.  Sec- 
retary Kemp  intends  to  go  for  England  to  clear  himself  of  those 
vile  aspersions  which  Panton  hath  endeavoured  to  fix  upon  him 
** which  my  conscience  tells  me  he  is  innocent  of."  Kemp  being 
gone  he  has  no  friend  left  here  for  Sir  John,  by  the  time  his 
creditors  have  done  with  him  will  have  little  for  himself.  Both 
Evans  and  Peirce  stay  in  the  country  this  year  and  if  the  money 
be  not  paid  shall  look  to  be  prosecuted  by  them  both,  for  he  ex- 


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388  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

pects  no  favor  at  all  from  this  new  change  of  Government.     In- 
dorsed **rec.  28  June  by  Mr.  Higgenson." 
(^Colonial  Papers,  Vol.  10,  No.  66.) 


Sir  John  Harvey*  to  Secretary  Windebanke. 

(Copy.) 
Right  Hon^'^ 

I  am  soe  narrowly  watched  that  I  have  scarce  time  of  privacye 
for  these  few  lines  w***  doe  humble  crave  of  you  to  acquainte  his 
Maj*'  how  much  I  groan  under  the  oppression  of  my  prevayling 
enemies  by  whome  the  King's  honor  hath  so  much  sufltered  and 
who  are  now  advanced  to  be  my  judges  and  have  soe  far  al- 
ready proceeded  against  me  as  to  teare  from  me  my  estate  by 
an  unusual  way  of  inviting  my  creditors  to  clamor  and  not  so 
content  but  I  am  denyed  my  passage  for  England  notwithstand- 
ing my  many  infirmities  &  weaknesses  of  Body  doe  crave  advice 
&  helps  beyond  the  skill  &  judgment  which  this  place  can  give. 

These  with  many  others  which  I  have  not  time  to  put  into 
writing  are  the  motives  of  my  earnest  &  humble  Suite  to  your 
Honor  to  move  his  Maj"**  for  his  Royall  Warrant  and  mandate 
for  my  repay  re  to  England  where  I  shall  at  the  feete  of  his  sacred 
Maj*'  give  account  of  his  service  and  of  my  sufferings  therein. 

Humbly  resting  your  Honors. 

Humblest  Servant, 

John  Harvey. 
Poynt  Comfort,  this  6th  of  May,  1640. 
State  Papers y  CoL,  Vol.  10,  No.  67. 

[Endorsed]  6  May,  1640,  Sir  John  Harvey  from  Virginia  by- 
Mr.  Kemp,  Sec'r.,  these  30  June. 

[Directed]  to  Right  Hono'ble  Sir  Francis  Windebank,  Kn't 
Principle  Seer,  to  his  Maj'ty  these  humble  p'sent. 

*  This  is  the  last  of  the  numerous  letters,  petitions,  &c.,  from  Sir  John 
Harvey,  which  appear  in  the  records  relating  to  Virginia.  In  this 
melancholy  fashion  he  disappears  from  our  history.  Most  of  our  his- 
torians have  shown  Harvey's  character  and  administration  in  a  very  bad 
light;  but  no  one  should  form  a  final  opinion  without  studying  the  very 
learned  and  able  editorial  note  to  Kemp's  letter  of  May  17,  1635,  in  the 
Aspinwall  Papers,  Mass,  Historical  Society  Collections,  4th  Series,  Vol. 

IX,  131-149. 


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COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT  RECORDS.       389 


NOTES  FROM  COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL 
COURT  RECORDS. 


By  the  late  Conway  Robinson,  Esq. 


[See.  this  Magazine,  Vol.  VIII,  64-65,  In  addition  to  the 
publications  of  these  notes  there  cited.  See  also  the  same  Vol., 
65-73»  162-170,  236-244,  407-412;  IX,  44-49.  186-188,  306-309; 
XI,  277-284.  Certain  entries  copied  by  Mr.  Robinson  in  this 
section  'of  his  notes  have  been  printed  in  Hening,  I,  pp.  145, 
146,  551,  552,  and  are  omitted  here.]     1 630-1 640. 

Sept.  14,  1630.  Capt.  Mathews  to  have  sole  trade  in  the  bay 
a  year  for  building  ye  fort  at  pt.  Comfort  and  after  that  the 
Gov*r  and  Council  to  have  ye  benefit  thereof. 

8**'  8,  1630.  Capt.  Jno.  West  &  Capt.  Utie  Seat  in  Chiskiaclc 
on  pamunkey  River  &  have  600  acres  apiece  for  it. 

Dec.  7,  1630.  Q'ter  Court  levy  ioo,ooq  lbs.  Tobo.  on  titha. 
persons  for  ye  fort  at  pt.  Comfort  and  app'd  Com'rs  of  ye  peace. 

Feb.  23,  1630.     Perjury  punished  by  pillory  &  loss  of  ears. 

24.     Order  to  proceed  in  the  salt  work  at  Accomack. 

March  12,  1630.     Land  given  to  undertakers  saw  mills. 

Ap'l  26,  1631.  An  Inquest  in  the  body  of  Wm.  Stogdill 
found  felo  de  se. 

Ap*l  27,  1630.  A  fine  of  a  house  and  garden,  ack'd  8**'  6, 
1631.  Ord'rs  of  Court  under  Signett.  Three  men  layed  neck 
and  heels  during  divine  Service  for  nicknaming  houses  abusing 
men  &  their  wives  &  night  walking  &  if  they  do  so  again  serve 
Colony  I  year,  ist  time,  2  yrs;  2d,  3  years,  3d  time  and  so 
forward. 

6  8***',  1631.  A  Councellor  failing  to  attend  Q'ter  Court  to 
be  fined  40  s.  to  the  Gov'r. 

Secretaries  fees  being  in  Tobo.  when  12  p.  ct.  are  now  altered 
to  mony  at  that  rate  because  Tobo.  is  fai'en. 

Secretary  to  take  up  for  his  place  600  acres  of  Land  as  near 
as  he  can  to  James  City. 

June  13,  1632.     provost  Marshall  w'th  one  chosen  by  Ex'ror 


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390  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Ad'mr  to  app.  all  dead  men's  estates  fee  lo  p.  cent  to  be 
divided. 

14.     Gov*r  to  parly  with  Chickahominy  Indians. 

Wni.  Gallopin  &  Jane  Champion  wife  of  Percival  Champion 
Indicted  by  Gd.  Jury  for  murder  &  concealing  ye  death  of  ye 
sd.  Jane's  child  supposed  to  be  got  by  ye  sd,  Wm.  pleaded, 
found  guilty  by  petty  Jury  &  sentenced  to  be  hang'd. 

Wm.  Musgrave  Indicted  for  murder  found  chance  medly  by 
the  pettit  Jury  &  acquitted,  paying  fees. 

30  7**",  1632.  a  peace  with  pamunkeys  &  Chicka.  Indians 
but  a  procl.  issues  not  to  parly  with  or  trust  them. 

Jan.  7,  1632.  Mischiefs  done  by  said  Indians  &  every  20th 
man  sent  to  parly  w'th  em. 

24  June,  '33.  A  woman  Marg't  Hatch  Indicted  for  murder- 
ing her  child,  pet.  Jury  find  her  guilty  of  manslaughter  sen- 
tenced to  be  hang'd,  pleads  pregnancy  &  Jury  of  Matrons  find 
her  not  pregnant. 

31  Aug't,  '33.  The  Gov'r  surrenders  500  acres  at  archers 
hope  &  has  in  lieu  500  at  powhatan's  Swamp  near  Powhatan's 
tree. 

5  June,  '33.  Two  men  ord'd  to  serve  ye  Governor  each  a 
month  for  dealing  &  parling  with  Indians  &  to  give  each  wit- 
ness against  them  a  daies  work. 

7th  Dec'r,  '33.  Min'rs  dues  all  put  together  and  equally  di- 
vided between  them  yet  Dr.  Pott  and  Mr.  Minefie  having  sent 
for  Mr.  Panton  a  min'r  out  of  Engl'd  get  exempted  from  that 
gen'l  order  &  80  tithables  made  apart  for  Panton. 

The  Secretary  has  power  to  lease  ye  land  belonging  to  his 
place  at  Accomack  for  21  years.      10  Dec'r,  1633. 

Ab't  this  time  Sec'y  Hen.  Finch  turned  out.  See  Roll,  No. 
1 1,  page  76. 

[Page]  7.  The  Gov'r  &  Com'rs  of  Maryland  complain  of 
evil  practices  of  Capt.  Wm.  Clayborne  with  ye  Ind'ns  to  ye 
subversion  of  both  colonies  for  wh.  he  is  confined  at  Jas.  City 
till  witnesses  ex'd  ag't  him.  July  34. 

23.  »This  day  viz:  6  Dec,  1634,  was  read  the  dec's  from 
privy  Council  dated  24  July.  1634,  wherein  his  m'ty  pleasure 
was  signified  that  the  like  p'  portions  of  Land  should  be  granted 


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COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT  RECORDS.       391 

to  every  freeman  of  this  Colony  as  was  due  before  the  year 
1625. 

25.  The  Compl't  of  Maryland  Com'rs  agt.  Clayborn  heard 
&  wit.  exa.  &  he  &  the  depo.,  &c.  sent  to  England  8  Dec, 
1634,  Leonard  Calvert  Gov.  of  Maryland. 

30.     A  Jury  ord'd  in   Deer.   Mr.  Rich.  Kemp  Sec'y  in  Feb. 

34- 

176.  Mr.  Panton  abuses  Mr.  Sec'y  Rich.  Kemp  by  calling 
him  Jackanapes  &  saying  ye  King  was  misinform' d  of  him, 
that  he  was  unfit  for  his  place  would  be  shortly  turned  out  as 
ye  other  Secr'y  was,  that  he  was  poor  and  proud  and  that  he'd 
preach  ag't  his  pride  of  a  Lock  he  had  tyed  up  with  a  ribbon  as 
old  as  Pauls. 

174,  10  Oct.  1635.  Sheriffs  app.  for  the  Sev'l  Counties. 
Acts  in  1634  among  wh.  one  is  that  ye  Secr'y  or  his  deputy  at- 
tend his  office  from  8  to  10  morning  &  from  2  till  4  evening  ex- 
cept Sundaies  Si  holydaies. 

29  Ap'l,  1635.  Ord'd  that  during  vacancy  of  ye  Gov'r  the 
Sec'y  should  sign  Commissions  <&  passes  &  discharge  for  ships 
and  manage  ye  affairs  of  the  Indians. 

An  Assembly  to  be  called  to  receive  Compl'ts  ag't  Sir  John 
Harvey  on  ye  pet.  of  many  inhabitants  to  meet  7  May. 

On  28  Ap'l,  1635.  Sr.  Jno.  Harvey  thrust  out  of  his  Gov'mt 
&  Capt.  Jno.  West  acts  as  Gov'r  till  the  King's  pleasure  known. 

In  1634  The  Country  divided  into  8  shires  w'ch  are  to  be 
governed  as  the  shires  in  Engl'd  the  names  of  ye  shires  are 
James  City,  Hen'co,  Chas.  City,  Eliz.  City,  Warwick  River, 
Warosquoyacke,  Cha.  River  8c  Accomack.  And  Lieutenants' 
to  be  app.  ye  same  as  in  Engl'd  &  in  a  more  especial  manner  to 
take  care  of  ye  warr  ag't  Indians,  and  as  in  Engl'd  Sheriffs 
shall  be  ellccted  to  have  ye  same  power  as  there,  and  Serjeants 
&  bailiffs  where  need  requires. 

April  28,  1635.  Com'rs  instead  of  5  1.  causes  may  determine 
10  1.  causes,  and  one  of  ye  Council  to  have  notice  to  attend  Sc 
assist  in  each  Court  if  [?]  shire  Com'rs  appointed. 

Ld.  Baltemore  sends  order  to  Capt.  Clayborn  to  quit  this 
Colony  &  come  to  his  ye  Lds.  plant' n  to  wh.  he  belongs.  The 
op'n  of  the  Council  agt.  it,  My  Lds.  patent  now  in  dispute  in 
Engl'd. 


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392  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

14.     Le*re  of  admon.  signed  by  Gov'r  Wyatt  an  Or'd  Cur. 

21.  The  proclamacon  about  Tobo.  mencond  in  3d  act  made 
in  1639. 

34.  Sir  John  Zouch  &  his  son  began  upon  an  iron  work  w'ch 
came  to  nothing  their  partners  failing  them . 

A  Bishop  court  grants  admons  cum  Testamento  of  Sir  John 
Zouchs  will. 

S3»  37-  Q-  Court  held  at  James  City  8  apl.  [pagej  40  See. 
nth  Oct.  1639;  a  judgm't  according  to  the  8th  Oct.  1639. 

38.  a  Bill  valued  p.  Cur.  to  700  lbs.  Tobo.  a  3d  p*tt  a  judm. 
&  ace.  to  the  2d  act  1639. 

Execucon  could  not  be  iss*d  till  after  10  daies. 

39.  Damages  &  Costs  upon  a  non  Suit  80I.  Tobo. 

89,  40.  Antho.  Pauton  Clk.  in  '38  when  Harvey  Gov*'  be- 
ing Banished  in  apl.  1640  Cur.  receive  an  order  to  suspend  the 
sentence  from  the  privie  Council. 

Sev**  admons,  granted. 

41.  At  Capt  Wm  Hawley*s  mocon  (he  was  Dep.  Gov''  of 
Carolina)  an  order  made  in  favour  of  my  Lord  Maltravers  pro- 
prietor of  that  Colony. 

44.  Sir  Jno  Harvey  knt.  late  Gov'r  is  now  councilor  and  has 
been  a  great  while. 

45.  a  Sherif  acco'tt  and  a  quietus  est  granted  him. 

47.  Satisfacon  of  a  Judge,  ack'd. 

a  Grand  Jury  ret*d  an  Indictm't  for  murder,  Ignored  and  ye 
prisoner  after  proc'l  acquited  &  cleared. 

48.  62.  an  appl.  from  monthly  to  Q*ter  Court  admin,  revoked 
on  producing  a  p'bate  granted  in  Eng'd. 

Sir  John  Harvey  being  in  debt  the  Court  ord*d  that  all  his 
land  be  sold  to  pay  his  debts  but  he  is  to  have  his  life  in  it,  and 
so  is  his  pe'sonal  estate  to  be  sold  excepting  some  stock  &  fur- 
niture for  his  subsistance. 

49.  A  pettit  jury  for  murder  24  men,  for  felony  but  12 — both 
not  guilty,  disch*d  by  proclama.  Runaways  whipt. 

50.  for  dealing  w'th  servants,  punish*  mt  i  mo.  Imprism't  & 
4  times  value. 

Special  bail  given. 

causes  refer' d  by  Q'ter  to  monthly  court  to  determ'e. 

51.  Nihil  Decit  definitive. 


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COUNCIL  AND  GENERAL  COURT  RECORDS.       393 

A  Burgess  is  allowed  his  necessary  expences  &  monthly  court 
ord*d  to  levy  it  acc.  to  act.  A  Jury  ord*d  in  a  cause  ab't 
Land  ab*t  1640. 

52.  phisitians  accot.  &  funeral  exp.  preferred  to  all  other 
debt. 

Judgm't  if  assetts. 

by  consent  pt'rs.  a  judg't  in  L'd  cause  without  a  jury  ref.  to 
auditors;  report  to  be  made  to  Cur. 

53.  ref.  to  Mo.  [monthly]  Cur.  to  report  to  Q'ter  Court  ref  d 
to  arbitrators  by  consent. 

54.  an  erronious  Judg't  (as  adjudged  given  by  com'rs  of 
Mo.  Court  for  which  the  Comm'rs  are  fined. 

a  man  dangerously  hurt  another  and  imprisoned  till  he  per- 
fectly recover' d. 
59.     Geese  21s.  sterl.  apeice. 

61.  The  Court  gives  leave  to  transp.  Tob'o.  by  way  of  N. 
Engl'd  but  secur.  to  be  given  not  to  unlade  any  where  but  at 
London  acc.  ord*r  privy  Council. 

62.  Bond  to  be  given  to  stand  to  award  of  ye  Court. 
66.     a  probate  and  an  admicon  signed  by  Gov'r  Wyatt. 

72.  Tho.  Stegg  fined  5olb  sterl,  &  is  to  be  Imprisoned  dur- 
ing Gov'rs  pleasure  for  aiding  and  asisting  Sec.  Kempe  to  go 
out  of  ye  Country  without  License  &  furnishing  him  with  many 
in  Engl'd  because  it  endangered  the  records  some  of  w'ch  he 
had  carried  with  him  and  because  he  was  gone  in  contempt  of 
ye  Governm't  in  having  refused  to  answ'r  Pan  ton's  Complt. 
pag.  172,  J^  remitted. 

73.  8  p.  Cent,  accord  to  act  of  Ass.  allowed  p.  forbearance 
by  the  Court. 

Judgm't  that  a  man  shall  consumate  matrimony  with  his  maid 
or  shee  is  to  be  free  on  paying  him  500  1.  Tobo.  bans  having 
been  pub'd. 

75.  A  Juryman  summ'd  &  not  app'g  fined  los.  to  ye  other 
jurors. 

79.  Capt.  Wm.  Clayborns  grant  for  Land  at  Candanngack 
on  pamunkey  Riv'r  where  ye  English  under  his  Com'd  first 
land'd  and  fought  ye  Indians  and  cut  down  their  corn,  Anno. 
1629. 


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394  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

80.  Adultery  punished  by  ye  Court.  The  Gov'r  appoints 
Sherifs. 

82.  Loyds  estate  sequestued  for  Debt. 

83.  Recommended  to  Gov'r  8c  Council  by  priv.  Council  to 
grant  to  Edw'd  Dawber  who  married  Sr.  Thomas  Gates' 
daught'r  8000  acres,  half  of  w'ch  is  to  be  free  of.  Quit  rents. 
Gates  was  formerly  Gov'r  here. 

84.  Nicho.  Farrar,  Merch't  in  London  by  his  will  gave  a 
stock  of  300  1.  sterl.  the  Interest  whereof  was  to  be  p'd  to 
such  as  would  bring  up  3  Indian  Children  in  Learning  & 
Christianity. 

138.  Induction  to  a  benefice,  something  ab't  it. 

139.  Sec'rys  fees  formily  in  money  to  be  p'd  in  Tobo.  as 
also  the  fees  of  his  Dep.  Cl'ks  of  his  office,  sherifs  or  the  in- 
ferior clerks  of  ye  Mo.  Courts  or  distress  to  be  made. 

144.     Sherifs  oath  &  power. 

The  matters  belonging  to  ye  Sec'rys  office  &  to  the  great  seal 
office  (now  to  be  erected)  seperated. 

147.  Pantons  cause  again,  great  blame  laid  on  Mr.  Sec'y 
Kempe  who  is  in  England  <&  has  ye  pap's  relating  to  this  cause 
&  was  ye  chief  cause  (being  not  only  a  Judge  but  advocate)  of 
ye  sentence  of  exilem't. 

162.  John  Burton  fined  for  killing  an  Indian  &  remitted. 

163.  bv  intercession  of  Opaskankanow  &  his  great  men. 
174.     An  assembly  to  meet  25  Jan'y,  1640. 

190.  In  regard  ye  great  distance  of  Accom'k  fro.  Ja.  City 
Com'rs  there  impowered  to  try  all  causes  there  not  exceeding 
20  1.  sterl  or  400  1.  Tobo. 

A  fine  ack'd  before  Gov'r  &  3  Councell'rs  for  Ld.  in  Essex. 

200.     Clayborn  in  England. 

210.  A  difference  int.  Gov'r  &  Sec'ry  ended  by  consent  [of] 
Sec'ry's  attorneys. 

Thomas  Rolf  petitions  governer  to  let  him  go  see  Opachan- 
keno  to  whom  he  is  allied  and  Cleopatra  his  mother's  sister,  17 
December,  164 1.     Randolph  MSS. 

1617-1634. 

[Wm.  Cradock  provost  marshall  his  Com.  shows  his  duty 
w'ch  no  other  Com.  does. 


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council  and  general  court  records.  395 

Proclamacons  or  Edicts. 

97.  Goods  to  be  sold  for  25  p.  cent.  8c  Tobo.  at  3s  p.  lb.  & 
not  under  or  over,     penally  3  years  slavery  to  the  Colony.] 

[The  above  enclosed  in  square  brackets  erased  by  a  line  in 
orijj^inal.] 

John  Hudson  sometimes  provost  marsh' 11  General,  for  divers 
crimes  <&  misdemeanors  comitted  agt.  ye  just  and  sacred  articles, 
laws  &  g^ov'mt  of  this  Colony  8c  commonwealth  was  at  Q. 
marshalls  courts  condem'd  to  die  <&  according  to  Le'rs  from  Sr. 
Tho.  Smith  Treas'r  for  ye  Compa.  to  Sr.  Tho.  Dale  Gov'r  re- 
prieved in  hopes  of  amendm't,  and  now  has  been  guilty  of  more 
errors,  Therefore  to  prevent  ye  danger  in  harb*eg  so  ungrate- 
full  a  viper  in  the  young  8c  tender  bosom  of  this  so  religious 
and  hopefull  an  action,  He  is  exiled  &  banished,  8c  if  he  returns 
to  be  put  to  death  without  further  judgment.* 

7  June,  16 17.  Ag't  private  Trucking  with  savages  8c  putting 
down  pallisadoes. 

[Ag't  teaching  Indians  to  shoot  with  guns  on  pain  of  death 
to  learner  8c  teacher  and  none  to  hunt  deer  or  hogs  without 
Gov'rs  leave. 

to  go  armed  to  church  8c  to  work,  keep  watch,  hoggs  in  Jas. 
Town  2d  time  forfeit  to  Colony,     hogs  to  be  ringed  at  Bermuda. 

No  man  to  take  hay  to  sweat  Tobo.  because  it  robs  the  poor 
beasts  of  their  fodder  and  sweating  Tobo.  does  it  little  good  as 
found  by  experience. 

Every  man  to  set  2  acres  with  corn  (except  Tradesmen  fol- 
lowing their  trades)  penalty  forfeit' re  of  corn  8c  Tobo.  be  a  slave 
a  year  to  ye  colony. 

No  man  to  shoot  but  in  defence  of  himself  ag't  Enemies  until 
a  new  supply  of  amun'n.] 

[Portion  within  square  brackets  erased  by  lines  in  original.] 

An  old  Book  mark'd  E. 
Tho.  Rolph  petitions  Gov'r  to  let  him  go  to  see  Oppachanko. 
to  whom  he's  allied  and  Cleopatre  his  mother's  sister. 

17  Dec'r,  1641.     K.   Car.   ye  first  on    15th  June  in  his  14th 


•  Taken  from  a  MS  volume  in  the  library  of  congress.     Ch.  23,  No. 
221. 


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396  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

year  gives  the  Gov'r  &  Council  all  fines  &  amerciam'ts  in  a 
loose  pp. 

Laws  in  1642  in  w*ch  it  appears  that  Geo.  Sandis  Esq*r  (who 
was  by  an  act  of  Asseml.  in  1639  appointed  Agent  for  Virg'a) 
in  ye  name  of  ye  Inhabitants  petitioned  the  parliament  to  restore 
to  ye  late  Treas'r  &  Compa.  Whereupon  the  assembly  declare 
it  was  without  their  advice  or  desire  and  for  many  reasons  pro- 
test ag't  the  Compa.  and  every  body  concerned  in  their  behalf. 

dated  19  Car.  Harvey,  Gov'r  in  1638. 

(This  answers  all  Sir  Robt.  Heaths  letters.)  The  assemblies 
to  His  Ma'tys  L'er  ab't.  In  Randolph  copy  June  16.  Tobo. 
and  other  Comodities  dated  Mar.  26,  1628.  That  the  rumour 
of  monopolizing  their  Tobo.  has  spoiled  their  trade  8c  disheart- 
ened ye  people  from  works  of  greator  consequence,  deeming  it 
a  place  wherein  there  could  be  no  certainty  or  stabilty  of  their 
affaires  seeing  all  things  are  acted  without  their  Consent,  thank 
the  King  for  favors  in  disolving  former  contracts  &  for  Exhibi- 
ting Spanish  Tobo.  That  ye  raising  other  stable  Comodities 
mentioned  in  the  King's  L'er  is  too  great  a  work  for  such  poor 
people  to  perfect  &  hope  for  his  help  therein.  As  to  Tobo. 
they  agree  the  King  shall  have  it  all  at  3s.  6  p.  lb  here,  that 
it  shall  be  very  good,  But  if  it  must  be  delivered  in  Engl'd  at 
4s.  a  pound,  And  if  the  King  won't  have  all  the  Tobo.  to  let 
them  after  they  have  p'd  Custom  for  it  transport  so  much  as  he 
will  not  have  to  Hol'd,  Irel'd,  Turkey  or  elsewhere. 

That  the  K.  may  be  sure  of  having  good  Tobo.  Sworn  triors 
are  appointed,  plants  are  to  be  set  4)^  foot  distant  &  but  1 2 
leaves  to  a  plant  instead  of  25  or  30,  can't  agree  to  6  leaves, 
striping  will  spoil  ye  Tobo.  and  hinder  other  work,  &  war  with 
Indians  they  have  stinted  Tobo.  but  not  so  much  as  required 
because  ye  people  owe  much,  every  master  may  make  200I.  & 
125I.  for  a  servant  w'ch  will  amount  to  412.500  [stc]  there  being 
ab't  3,000  people  here  to  accept  of  J<3  in  hand  and  the  rest  at  5 
<&  5  months  cant  agree  to  *  *  cant  make  pitch  &  tarr  because 
not  worth  ye  pains  they  must  be  at,  having  no  horses  or  con- 
veniences for  bringing  in  ye  wood  potashes,  nobody  knows  how 
to  manage  or  make  it,  pipe  staves  too  great  labour  for  little 
profit  freight  so  dear.     Iron  they  have  sent  samples  of,  but  too 


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COUNCIL  AND   GENERAL   COURT    RECORDS.  397 

great  expence  for  them  to  undertake,  falling  Creek  is  a  good 
place  for  an  Iron  work  but  ye  tools  formerly  sent  there  are  all 
wasted  are  thrown  into  ye  River  by  the  Indians  in  ye  Massacre. 
As  for  mines  of  gold,  silver,  copper  &c.  they  hope  ye  moun- 
tains are  very  rich  by  a  discovery  ab*t  19  years  ago,  4  daies 
journey  from  the  falls  of  Ja.  River  of  a  silver  mine  as  is  sup- 
posed but  want  horses,  carriages  &c.  for  that  business. 

Nobody  knows  anything  of  vines — The  Vignerons  not  having 
learn' t  anybody  or  done  anything,  however  some  are  planted  & 
kept  pruned  &  grow  well,  wish  more  Vignerons  might  be  sent 
over.  There  is  no  doubt  but  Bay  Salt  may  be  made  here  and 
the  fishery  is  as  good  as  that  of  Canada  in  all  likelihood. 

67.  The  assemblys  petition  to  the  King  to  take  500  thousand 
p'ds  of  Tobo.  at  ye  price  in  ye  foregoing  ans'r  and  that  they 
may  transport  the  rest  to  Hoird  &c.  lay  all  this  ill  success  upon 
the  unconscionable  merchants  Then  follows  their  sev'l  petitions 
to  the  p'vie  Council  to  Henry  Visc't  Mandvill,  to  Edw.  Earle  of 
Dorset,  &  to  my  L*d  La  Ware  to  do  them  good  offices  &  pre- 
vent any  contract  by  any  unjust  merch't  with  ye  King  for  ye  sole 
benefit  of  Tobo. 

71.  And  then  give  commission  to  S'r  Fra.  Wyatt  knt.  &  Mr. 
Edw.  Bennett  &  Mr.  Mich'l  Marshall — In  the  name  of  this 
Colony  to  refuse  ye  p' positions  of  ye  contract  or  establish  them 
so  that  they  may  be  at  some  certainty  in  their  affairs,  to  find 
how  ye  business  of  the  contract  stands  &  to  join  with  the  Agents 
of  Bermudas  &  Lt.  Ch*r  ag*t  it.  to  settle  the  custom  &  im- 
port at  6d  p.  lb.  and  to  take  of  6d  p.  lb.  of  ye  price  the  assembly 
set  on  Tobo.  if  the  King  refuses  to  give  it  upon  occasion  to  dis- 
patch a  barque  of  50  Tons  for  further  advice  &  to  lade  her  with 
arms  &  amunition,  meale  &  other  p' visions  &  20  men  to  per- 
suade ye  Lords  that  the  importacon  of  all  Tobo.  to  Lond*n 
&  p'hibiting  Spanish  Tobo.  will  make  that  city  ye  staple  of 
Tobo.  and  that  other  countries  will  come  there  for  it  as  they 
used  to  Spain,  which  will  greatly  increase  His  Ma'tys  Customs, 
dat.  29  Mar.,  1628. 

At  midsummer  Quarter  Court,  viz:  i  June  ye  Min'r  &  Ch. 
Wardens  to  present  upon  oath  with  a  reg'r  of  burials.  Chris- 
tenings &  marriages  &  acco'ts  of  levies  &c.  Ch.  Wardens  to  be 


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398  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

chose  at  Easter  &  to  take  an  oath  in  ye  act  set  down  w'ch  is  to 
p'vent  all  vices.     [1631.] 

The  Burgesses  write  to  the  privy  Council,  6  Mar.,  1631,  ex- 
pressing joy  that  the  K.  had  comissionated  them  to  take  care  of 
this  Country,  desire  a  favourable  interpretacon  of  the  acts  of 
Ass.  now  sent.  That  all  former  grants  lib'rties  &  privileges 
may  be  confirmed  ace.  to  Le'rs  pat't  granted  since  dissolucon 
of  ye  Compa.  pray  for  a  free  trade  everywhere  except  Tobo. 
and  that  no  undertakers  may  intrench  upon  ye  limits  of  this 
plant' n  to  24  June,  1625.  All  comers  had  50  acres,  pray  con- 
firm'n  thereof  &  that  all  since  have  25  and  all  for  7  years  to 
come  12  acres,  that  a  coin  debased  to  25  p.  cent,  be  sent 
hither,  tell  them  ye  great  charge  of  the  building  ye  fort  &  pray 
for  the  land  ajoining  to  it  to  help  to  pay  for  it,  complain  of  their 
poverty  by  means  of  unconscionable  merch'ts  and  pray  allow- 
ance of  their  act  to  make  Tobo.  5d.  p.  lb.  that  none  but  plan- 
ters have  liberty  to  trade  in  ye  bay.  That  the  Gov*r  is  forced 
to  spend  his  own  estate  ye  former  means  for  Govr's  gone  there- 
fore recomend  his  case  to  their  consid'n,  that  Capt.  S.  Mathews 
has  spent  his  fortunes  ab't  fort  &  pray  ye  Customs  thereof  be 
granted  him  and  begg  them  to  deliver  their  peticon  to  the  King 
(which  is  not  entred.) 

The  Gov'r  &  Council  ye  same  day  also  Write  to  ye  privy 
Council  excuse  their  not  yet  having  got  better  staple  than  Tobo. 
8c  ye  forms  of  their  acts  wanting  men  capable  to  do  it  &  pray 
for  Tradesmen  &  others  <&  ministers  to  come,  want  mynors  to 
go  on  with  Iron.  That  ye  arr'ges  of  qt.  rents  may  be  now  de- 
manded that  all  ought  to  be  obliged  to  seat  &  referr  to  ye 
Burg's  L'er. 

Assembly  ist  fTeb'y,  1632. 

A  Le'r  from  the  p.  Council  that  ye  K.  will  confirm  ye  same 
Intrests  <&c.  as  before  recalling  ye  patents,  and  that  ye  Gov'r 
dispose  ye  land  to  all  free  planters  as  before  1625.  recomends 
Capt.  Button  &  orders  him  some  land  at  appumattox  in  p'p'tion 
to  his  servants,  22  July,  1634. 

A  Le'r  from  Sr.  Robt.  Heath  w'ch  directs  the  Improving 
Tobo.  making  Iron  salt  pitch  &  tarr  pipe  staves  potashes  & 
sending  samples  8c  also  of  Rich  mines— no  date. 

End  of  the  Book. 


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COUNCIL   AND   GENERAL   COURT    RECORDS.  399 

1 626- 1 634. 

Book  No.  43. 

Stur^ion  fishery  here  costs  advent' ers  1700  1.  but  no  acco't 
of  their  profit  begun  &  cons' d  5  years  appears  by  L're — 30 
Augt.  1626,  ft-om  p.  Council. 

The  K.  offended  at  their  sending  their  Tobo.  to  the  Low 
Countries  to  diminution  of  his  p'fit. 

pag.  1.  A  Comission  to  Nath  Bass  with  3  others  to  try  all 
causes  in  a  plantacon  except  capital  offences. 

None  to  go  abroail  but  in  p'ties  Nor  to  go  to  work  without 
a  continual  watch  to  be  kept  at  night  through  the  whole  Colony, 
not  to  spend  powder  in  drinking;  by  procl.  26  Augt.  1626. 

divers  Comicons  to  trade  Sc  for  Captains. 

Capt.  Nat.  Basse  to  Ransom  Englishman  prisoners  to  the 
Nansemung  Indians. 

divers  Comicons  to  go  ag't  ye  Indians  in  July,  27. 

In  December  1627  ffra.  West  Governor. 

A  procl.  to  be  carefull  of  ye  Indians  the  Eng.  hav'g  dis- 
covered their  Intencons  to  go  to  warr  next  spring,  dat — 12 
Ap'l  27. 

The  price  of  Tobo.  falling  on  the  pet.  of  advent' ers  the  Court 
resolves  the  people  shall  pay  their  debts  this  year  And  that  they 
will  p'ceed  according  to  Equity  and  Justice  <&  pass  by  the  Law 
when  too  rig'rous.     4  Dec'r  1627. 

Another  procl.  not  to  spend  powder  at  meetings  drinkings 
marriages  8c  entertainments  &c.  because  a  warr  is  expected 
with  Ind'ns  next  spring  as  it  happened  last  summer,  dat.  30 
Ap'l  1628. 

The  people  making  great  quantities  of  Tobo.  &  that  bad  for 
want  of  managm't  And  neglected  the  corn  by  w'ch  a  great 
scarcity  is  occasioned.  The  Gov'r  w'th  ye  advice  of  ye  Coun- 
cil &  Gen'l  Assembly  have  order' d  a  stint  <&  appointed  a  way 
to  manage  Tobo.  and  to  oblige  the  planting  of  corn.  30  Ap'l 
1628. 

L'd  Baltemore  &  family  comes  here  from  his  plant' n  at  new 
foundland  the  oaths  tender' d  him  w'ch  he  refused.  A  L'er 
thereof  to  the  privie  Council.     30  Nov.  1629. 

Sev'l  Englishmen  being  taken  pris'rs  by  the  Indians  a  peace 


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400  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

is  to  be  made  till  they  are  del'd  up  &  ye  English  see  a  fit  oppor- 
tunity to  break  it.  And  a  procl.  is  issued  to  make  known  that 
the  Indians  are  not  to  be  taken  as  friends  but  care  to  be  taken 
of  them  as  if  enemies  in  actual  warr.     12  Aug*t  1628. 

John  Pott  Esq'r  Gov*r,  20  March  1628,  Signs  Sev*l  Com's  for 
Comanders  of  sev*l  precincts,  hund'ds  &  necks  &  for  monthly 
Courts  in  sev'l  places  according  to  order  of  Court  dated  7, 
March  1628  in  which  any  3  of  the  Com*rs  (Quorum  Unus)  have 
power  to  determine  suits  under  100  1.  Tobo.  or  ye  value  and 
they  are  to  keep  the  peace  &  proclamacons  &  punish  breach 
thereof  bv  fine* or  otherwise,  (except  life  &  member)  provide 
p*ties  may  app'l  to  the  court  at  Ja.  City  held  by  the  Gov'r  & 
Council  and  they  ye  s'd  Com*rs  are  to  keep  records  of  all 
Judgm'ts  orders  &  other  matters  of  moment.  And  the  Coman- 
ders of  hundreds  were  Conservators  of  the  peace  &  had  the 
care  of  the  militia.  The  s'd  Gov'r  also  sign'd  Comicons  to 
trade  with  the  Indians  in  the  bay  &  Rivers  and  the  Com*r  had 
power  to  punish  his  men  according  to  the  laws  of  ye  sea  life 
excepted. 

In  July,  1629,  (in  Randolph  MS.  Nov*r  6,  1629)  he  gives 
Com'ds  to  go  ag't  Indians  according  to  order  of  Court  9th 
instant  &  utterly  destroy  them  and  the  Command' r  has  the 
same  power  in  punishing  &c.  as  the  K*gs  Com* con  will  give 
him.     Great  numbers  of  people  arrive. 

Sr.  John  Harvey  kn't  Gov'r  signs  a  Com' con  6  Mar.,  1631, 
to  Nat.  Basse  to  trade  between  34  &  41  No.  Lat.  &  to  go  to  it, 
Engl'd,  Nova  Scotia  or  ye  West  Indie  Islands  with  Instrucons 
to  invite  the  Inhabitants  hither  if  any  so  inclined  especially  if 
those  of  N.  Engl'd  dislike  coldness  of  ye  Climate  or  barrenness 
of  ye  soil  to  offer  them  Delaware  Bay.  Offer  corn  at  25s.  p. 
barrel  or  15s.  if  they  fetch  it  &  cattle,  hoggs,  goats  at  good 
rates.  And  also  Coms.  to  trade  to  ye  Dutch  plant' n  &  Canada, 
And  also  Com's  for  monthly  Courts  in  w'ch-  he  gives  ye  same 
power  as  Justices  of  ye  peace  &  requires  the  Com'rs  to  proceed 
according  to  the  Laws  of  Engl'd  all  causes  und'r  5  1.  He  signs 
a  Com.  to  Clayborn  to  discover  unknown  places. 

Security  to  be  given  when  any  p'son  appealed  from  Mo. 
Court. 


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COUNCIL   AND   GENERAL   COURT    RECORDS.  401 

Warr  with  the  Indians  continues  and  a  great  drought  in  ye 
Sum'er  32,  occasions  a  scarcity  of  corn  Whereupon  sev'l  have 
corn's  to  trade  with  the  Indians  for  corn  dat.  14  ffeb.  same  year. 

Com.  for  Comand'r  of  ye  fort  at  pt.  Comfort  to  ffra.  Pott 
und'r  Sam'l  Mathews. 

Sev'i  Com's  to  go  to  warr  with  ye  Ind'ns  our  irreconcilable 
enemies  in  July,  1634. 

The  other  side  of  ye  same  book. 

Blank  to  page  57.  A  L'er  to  p.  Council  excusing  their  ex- 
porting Tobo.  to  ye  Low  Countries.  The  owners  of  ye  ship 
being  advent'rs  of  the  Virg'a  Compa.  And  we  had  no  order 
ab't  those  matters,  for  ye  future  bonds  shall  be  taken  to  deliver 
all  Tobo.  in  Engl'd.  That  it  is  reported  that  Mr.  Amis  Sc  ais 
solicit  ye  K.  for  a  contract  upon  our  Tobo.  &  for  p' mission  to 
bring  in  yearly  50,000  1.  of  Spanish  Tobo.  which  will  entirely 
ruin  this  plant' n  and  therefore  humbly  supplicate  ye  Council 
that  such  things  may  not  be  granted  by  his  Matie,  5  Ap'l,  1627. 

58.  Another  L'er  to  p.  Council  that  the  Gov'r  Sr.  Geo. 
Yeardley  is  dead  in  praise  of  whom  much  is  said.  That  they 
have  chosen  Capt.  ffra.  West,  Gov'r,  that  there  is  nothing  to 
support  the  Gov'rs  or  other  places  but  their  private  estates, 
that  last  sum'er  if  they  had  not  wanted  shot  they  should  have 
entirely  extirpated  the  salvidges,  desire  soldiers  &  other  supplies 
and  again  pray  ag't  any  monopoly  of  their  Tobo.  20  Dec, 
1627. 

See  ye  L'er  pagre  13.  A  L'er  to  Sr.  Robt.  Heath  the  K. 
Atto.  Gen'l  in  ans'r  to  a  L'er  of  his  that  they  cannot  try  ye 
goodness  of  ye  Tobo.  made  last  year  being  all  strip't  for  deliv- 
ery of  w'ch  at  Lond'n  they  have  taken  secur'ty  w'ch  thev 
should  have  done  to  ye  ships  gone  if  they  had  not  rec'd  the 
Kings  procl.  that  no  Tobo.  should  be  imported  into  any  of  his 
Dominions  without  lycense  under  great  ^eal  of  England,  that  an 
assembly  shall  be  called  to  consult  ab't  Tobo.  &  that  great  care 
shall  be  taken  to  make  good  Tobo.  pray  ag't  monopoly  and 
that  ye  K.  will  be  content  with  less  than  usual  1,000  men  being 
lately  come  in  &  comod'ty  being  excessive  dear  hardlyjable  to 
subsist. 

(to  be  continued) 


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402  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 


VIRGINIA  GLEANINGS  IN  ENGLAND, 


Communicated  by  Mr.  Lothrop  Withington,  30  Little  Russell  street, 

W.  C,  London  (including  "Gleanings"  by  Mr.  H.  F.  Waters, 

not  before  printed.) 


(Continued) 


Hugh  Nelson  of  Penrith,  Co.  Cumberland,  gent.  Will  13 
December,  1708.  Proved  16  February,  1708-9.  All  land  and 
houses  in  Penrith  unto  the  Reverend  Richard  Holme  of  Lowther 
Co  Westmoreland  and  Robert  Wilson,  Thomas  Nelson  and 
Thomas  Fisher  all  of  Penrith  in  trust  for  the  use  of  my  wife 
Sarah  Nelson  for  life,  and  then  I  give  (the  Shops  and  Ware- 
houses called  Redmans  excepted'i  to  the  said  trustees  for  the 
use  of  my  eldest  son  now  living  Thomas  Nelson  he  to  pay  my 
sons  John  Nelson,  Hugh  Nelson,  and  to  my  daughters  Dorothy 
wife  of  George  Wilkinson  and  Bridget  Nelson  ;^300.  If  he 
make  default,  in  such  case  I  give  the  whole  to  said  trustees  (ex- 
cept the  house  and  shop  called  Redmans)  for  the  use  of  my  son 
John,  he  to  pay  the  said  ;^300  If  he  make  default,  to  my  son 
Hugh.  If  all  fail,  the  estate  to  be  divided  amongst  them  all. 
To  my  grandson  William  Nelson  now  in  Barbadoes,  ^20  (having 
formerly  laid  out  and  payd  upon  the  account  of  his  father  ;^500, 
to  be  paid  when  he  is  21.  To  my  grand  child  Sarah  Wilkinson 
;^20.  To  my  grand  child  Dorothy  Wilkinson  ;^20.  To  my 
servants  Samuel  Denny  and  Ellenor  Robinson  20s.  each.  The 
house  &c  called  Redmans  formerly  mortgaged  to  William  Nel- 
son my  father,  and  all  the  rest  of  my  goods  to  Sons  John  and 
Hugh  and  Daughters  Dorothy  and  Bridget  my  joint  executors. 

Overseers  aforesaid  trustees.  Witnesses  :  Jos.  Langhorne, 
John  Sandson,  Geo.  Sandson 

Consistory  Carlisle  Filed  Will. 

[Thomas  Nelson,  the  son  who  is  named  in  the  will,  emigrated  to  Vir- 
ginia and  settled  at  Yorktown.  He  became  a  man  of  influence  and 
acquired  a  large  estate.  He  married,  ist,  Margaret  Reade  and,  2nd, 
Mrs.  Frances  Tucker  n^e  Houston.     He  was  the  father  of  VVm.  Nelson, 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS   IN    ENGLAND.  403 

member  Council  and  acting  governor,  and  of  Thomas  Nelson,  Secre- 
tary of  State  and  last  President  of  Council  under  Colonial  regime. 
Thomas,  son  of  Wm.  Nelson,  was  theVell-known  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence,  Governor  of  Virginia,  and  Commander  of  the 
militia  of  the  State  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown.  The  tomb  of  the  emi- 
grant remains  in  the  churchyard  at  Yorktown,  and  bears  the  following 
arms  :  Per  pale  argent  ami  sable ^  a  chevron  between  three  fleus-de-tis 
countercharged.  Crest.  A  fletis  delis  per  pale  argent  and  sable  and 
the  following  epitaph  : 

Hie  Jacet 

Spe  certa  resurgendi  in  Christo 

Thomas  Nelson.  Generosus 

Filius  Hugonis  et  Sariie  Nelson 

de  Penrith  in  Comitatu  Cumbriae 

Natus  2o'mo  die  Februarii  Anno  Domini,  1677 

Vitae  bene  gestae  finem  implevit 

7  mo.  die  Octobris,  1745.     Aetatis  suie  68.— Ed.] 

Hugh  Nelson  of  Penrith,  Co  Cumberland.  Will  i  Septem- 
ber, 1734;  proved  23  October,  1734.  To  my  cousin  William 
Bleamire  of  Penrith,  the  elder,  Brazier  and  to  my  nephew 
William  Cookson  of  Penrith,  grocer,  all  my  lands  in  Penrith  be- 
queathed to  me  by  my  Uncle  John  Nelson.  I  also  give  them 
all  debts,  note  books,  a  legacy  left  me  by  my  father  Hugh 
Nelson  in  trust  to  be  sold  and  conveyed  to  my  Brother  Thomas 
Nelson  of  Yorktown  in  Virginia,  America,  to  be  distributed 
among  such  of  the  children  of  my  late  brother  George  Wilkinson 
of  Penrith  deceased,  by  my  sister  Dorothy,  now  wife  of  William 
Richardson  of  Penrith  aforesaid.  Witnesses  :  William  Wilkin- 
son, William  Barton,  Dorothy  Cookson. 

Peter  Moulsen  of  London,  gent.  Will  29  May  1674, 
proved  30  June  1674.  To  be  buried  in  Little  St  Bartholomew, 
behind  the  South  door  of  the  Church  where  I  used  to  sit.  My 
funeral  charges  not  to  exceed  ,^20.  To  my  Brother  Foulke 
Moulson,  who  is  now  beyond  the  seas  in  Virginia,  if  he  be  liv- 
ing, ;^2oo  of  English  money,  he  to  come  to  England  for  it,  and 
give  a  legal  discharge.  If  he  be  living  at  my  death,  and  shall 
not  come  over  within  two  years  with  a  full  determination  to  live 
and  die  in  England,  only  ;^ioo.  If  he  die  first,  ;{^ioo  to  my 
three  nieces,  Anne  Roades,  widow,  Margaret  Pommell,  wife  of 
Pemmell,  and  Mary  Cary,  wife  of  Mr.  Daniele  Gary,  and 


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404  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

;^ioo  to  my  friend  Mrs.  Margarett  Blague,  my  executrix.  To 
nephew  Peter  Moulson  of  Warton  als  Waverton  ;^ioo.  A  lease 
I  hold  of  P.  Dutton  Esqre,  in  occupation  of  said  Peter  and  niece 
Ann  Roades,  to  said  Peter  Moulson.  To  Ann  Roades.  cattle, 
sheep,  cows,  etc.,  household  stuff  and  furniture,  and  ;^66  13s.  4d. 
To  Margarett  Pemmell  ;^50.  To  Mary  Gary  ;^66.  13s.  4d,  and  I 
forgive  her  and  her  husband  Daniel  a  debt  of  ;^I50.  To  Dame 
Moulson,  mother  of  said  Peter,  ^10  To  Margarett  Harding, 
wife  of  Mr.  Edward  Harding,  ;^io.  To  him  and  his  two  sons 
Edward  and  William  /^^  apiece.  To  Thomas  Yates,  another 
of  said  Margarett's  sons,  ;^io.  To  Richard  Mills,  Treasurer 
of  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,  40s.  To  Edward  Arryes 
40s.  To  Mr.  John  Haynes  20s.  To  said  Mr.  Richard  Mills 
and  the  Governor  of  said  Hospital  for  the  use  of  poor  ^30.  To 
Churchwardens  of  Parish  of  Warton  in  Ghester  where  I  was  born 
;^20.  To  poor  of  Little  St.  Bartholomews  40s.  To  Dr.  John 
Micklethwaite  40s.  To  my  friends  Nicholas  Raynton,  Thomas 
Raynton,  George  Raynton,  and  Lady  Rye  20s.  each.  To  Mr. 
William  Gawthorne  ;^io.  To  Ghristopher  Gawthorne  £^.  6s. 
8d.  To  Mrs.  Margarett  Varward  20s.  To  Mrs.  Margaret 
Blague  ^150,  and  all  the  rest  and  residue.  Witnesses:  Thos 
Gooke,  John  Haslipp,  Wm.  Gawthorne. 

Bunce,  74. 

[Edward  Moalsen  was  granted  50  acres  in  York  county  on  North 
branch  Chisman's  Creek,  adjoining  the  lands  of  William  Hawkins  and 
Samuel  Tucker,  November  25th,  1657.  Renewed  to  him  March  18, 
1662.— Ed.] 

William  Goudrey  of  Londen,  gent.,  now  bound  forth  to 
Virginia.  Will  7  July  1637;  proved  24  April  1638  and  2  July 
1638.  Being  bound  for  Virginia  in  the  ship  "Rebecca"  of  Lon- 
don. To  my  sister  Susan  Jepson,  wife  of  Robert  Jepson,  ;^5. 
All  the  rest  to  my  mother  Anne  Preston.  Executors:  My  mother 
Anne  Preston  and  William  Palmer  of  London,  Merchant  taylor. 
Witnesses:  William  Jennison,  John  Dewer,  servant  to  John 
Wheariey  Scr.,  John  Lewin. 

Lee,  47. 

William  Quicke,  Citizen  and  Grocer  of  London.     Will  26 


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VIRGINIA   GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  405 

October  1614;  proved  21  January  1614-5.     [Printed  in  Wafers' s 

Gleanings,  p.  20.] 

Rudd,  I. 

[William  (Juick,  Grocer  and  Apolhecary  of  London,  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  Company  under  the  second  charter  and  paid  ^62. 
los.— Ed.] 

Thomas  Stacie  of  Maidstone,  County  Kent,  gentleman. 
Will  31  August  1619;  proved  13  September  1619.  To  my 
nephewe  William  Joye  (sonne  of  my  brother:in-lavve  Roberta 
Joye)  all  my  lands,  tenements,  situate  and  being  in  Virginia,  to 
him  and  his  heirs  for  ever.  To  the  said  Roberte  Joye  all  my 
Goods  and  chattels  in  whose  hands  soever  as  well  in  England  as 
in  Virginia  or  elsewhere,  which  said  Roberte  Joye  I  make  my 
executor.     Witnesses:  Tho:  Ayerest,  Thomas  Skelton. 

Parker,  88. 

[Wm.  Joy  was  living  at  Elizabeth  City  at  the  time  of  the  census  of 
February,  1623.  Thomas  Stacy  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Com- 
pany, and  paid  ^25.  "Mr.  Robert  Stacy"  was  Burgess  for  Martin's 
Brandon  in  the  first  Virginia  Assembly  in  1619.— Ed.] 

Edward  Fleetwood  of  London,  gentleman.  Will  9  No- 
vember 1608;  proved  19  December  1609.  To  my  mother  ^50. 
To  my  brother  William  Sergeant  ^^50.  To  my  Brother  Francis 
Fleetwood  ;^50.  To  my  Kynes woman  germaine  Elizabeth 
Howse  ;^5o.  To  my  cosen  Sir  Fleetwood  Dormer,  Knt.,  ;^50. 
To  my  lovinge  friend  and  hoste  Robert  Brett,  Shomaker,  £20. 
To  my  sister  the  Lady  Cordelia  Fouls  ;^ioo.  Rest  to  my 
Brother  Sir  William  Fleetwood  of  Great  Missenden,  County 
Bucks,  Knight,  executor.  A  Remembraunce  of  such  things  as 
I  lefte  with  Mr.  Robert  Brett  at  my  departure  for  Virginia,  the 
eighth  of  Maye  A.  D.  1609.  My  bookes  in  a  presse  of  the  said 
Mr.  Bretts,  An  Emptie  Truncke,  and  An  Emptie  Deske,  a 
Cipresse  Cheste,  A  broad  sworde,  A  rapier  and  dagger,  A 
Bagge  of  Instruments  for  Sea,  Gown,  yellow  Cloathe,  A  Stuflfe 
case  Anglerodd,  A  Waynskott  chiste  to  be  given  my  Kins- 
woman Elizabeth  Howse  if  I  die.  A  Celler  of  Glasses  which 
my  cosen  Edward  White  left  with  me  at  his  goyng  to  spruce- 
land.     Edward  Fleetwood. 

Dorset,  116. 


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406  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

[Edward  Fleetwood,  Esquire,  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Com- 
pany under  the  second  charter  and  paid  £t2.  los.  He  was  son  of  Sir 
William  Fleetwood,  Recorder  of  London.  His  brother,  Sir  William, 
was  long  M.  P.,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Company.  The 
cousin.  Sir  Fleetwood  Dormer,  was  of  Lee  Grange  and  Purton,  Bucks, 
and  died  Feb'uary  ist,  1638-9.  He  was  the  father  of  another  Sir  Fleet- 
wood Dormer,  of  Arle  Court  in  Gloucestershire,  who  emigratid  to  Vir- 
ginia (Burk's  Extinct  Baronetage. ^  By  deed  December  26,  1649,  John 
WMiite,  of  James  Parish  in  Virginia,  merchant,  sold  (in  consideration  of 
15,000  pounds  of  tobacco  and  cask)  i,or,o  acres  near  the  Falls  of  James 
river,  called  "My  Lord's  Island,"  "Prince's  Island,"  and  other  lands  ad- 
joining to  Fleetwood  Dormer,  gent.  The  witnesses  to  this  deed  were 
Thomas  Lunsford,  Philip  Honywood  and  John  Meare,  two  of  them  cer- 
tainly officers  in  the  King's  army,  but  recently  come  to  Virginia.  On 
March  i8th  of  the  same  year  Dormer  sold  this  land  to  Robert  Lesley  of 
James  City,  rector,  later  the  land,  which  included  parts  of  the  present 
sites  of  Richmond  and  Manchester,  passed  to  the  Steggs,  and  later  to 
the  Byrds.  This  will  is  especially  interesting  as  giving  an  instance,  of 
whi(  h  there  were  no  doubt  many  examples  of  the  influence  of  a  mem- 
bership in  the  Virginia  Company  on  the  settlement  of  Virginia.— Ed.] 

Nathaniel  Bugge,  of  Branderton,  County  Suflfolk,  Gierke. 
Will  undated;  proved  24  April  1656.  To  Mary  Bugge,  my 
wife,  my  goods,  etc.  To  Joseph  Bugge,  my  kinsman,  my 
house  in  Tenderinge,  to  pay  to  George  Bugge  of  London  ;^6o, 
40s  a  year  to  Marie  Bugge  widow  of  Samuel  Bugge  deceased, 
and  £^0  to  increa.se  the  portions  of  sixteen  of  my  kinsmen  and 
women.  To  Samuel  Bugge,  son  of  Samuel  Bugge  deceased, 
my  house  at  Tender:  he  to  pay  to  Joseph  Bugge  his  brother 
;^4o  and  ;^40  to  the  portions  of  the  rest  of  my  kindred.  To 
Joseph  Bugge,  my  Brother,  my  house  at  Laxfield,  he  to  pay 
^140  to  my  kindred.  My  house  at  Titshall  to  be  sold  by  my 
executors,  and  the  money  to  be  equally  divided  amongst  these 
following :  To  Thomas  Bugge,  son  of  Thomas  Bugge, 
deceased,  now  in  Virginia,  if  he  shall  come  over 
to  give  a  discharge;  Jane  Puckle  (wife  to  Richard  Puckle) 
and  Sara    Bugge,    children   of    Thomas    Bugge;  Marie,    Sara, 

Joanna,  and Bugge,  children  of  Samuel  Bugge,  deceased; 

Anne  and  Frances,  daughters  to  John  Bugge;  Nathaniel 
and  John  Bugg,  children  of  John  Bugg  whoe  deceased 
at  Birch  in  Suffolk  1653;  and  Nathaniell  Maxwell,  Samuel 
Maxwell,  Sara  Twisse  (wife  of  Samuel   Twisse),    and  Rebecca 


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VIRGINIA    GLEANINGS    IN    ENGLAND.  407 

Maxwell,  children  of  Richard    Maxwell   and   Sara  my   sister. 

To  Nathaniell  Bugge,  son  of  John  Bugge  deceased,    my  house 

in  Batisford,  he  to  pay   to    Nathaniel    Bugge,    son   of  Thomas 

Bugg,    ;^ioo  and  to  Sara  Maxwell,   my   sister    "The   some   of 

Five  of  good  and  lawful  money  of  England."      To  Joseph,  my 

Brother,  all  my  ready  money,   to  pay  my  funeral   charges   and 

to  give  ;^5,  half  to  the  Poore  of  Nedam   Market,  half  to  the 

other  poor  in  the  Town.     Executor:  my  Brother  Joseph  Bugge. 

No  witnesses. 

Berkeley,  114 

[Samuel  Bugg  died  in  St.  Peter's  Parish,  New  Kent  county,  Va. 
September  13,  1716.  An  account  of  his  descendants  is  given  in  U^illiam 
and  Mary  Quarterly^  Vol.  X,  271-272. — Ed.] 

Richard  Wheeler,  citizen  and  Inholder  of  London.  Will 
3  February  1656-7;  proved  5  January  1657-8.  To  my  grand- 
child Richard  Moye  ;^i5o,  and  to  his  Brother  John  Moye,  now 
residing  in  Virginia,  ^50;  if  either  die,  the  portions  to  go  to  the 
survivors  of  them,  the  said  John  to  come  to  England  to  receive 
his  legacy,  or  it  will  not  be  paid.  To  my  sister  Margarett 
Wheeler  the  sum  of  40s.  a  year  for  life.  To  my  Cozin  Stephen 
Wheeler  of  Chelsey  J[^%  and  to  his  son  Arthur  Wheeier  40s.  To 
my  kinsman  John  Langford  40s. ,  and  to  his  son  Cecill  20s.  To 
Katherene  Freeke  and  her  son  John  Freeke  20s.  apiece  and  to 
her  daughter  los.  To  my  kinsfolks  Thomas,  Ann,  and  Eliza- 
beth Kelsey  40s.  each,  and  to  Simon  Kelsey,  who  lives  with 
me,  ^3.  To  these  four  Kelsies  household  stuff  value  of  ;^4. 
To  Joane  Wheeler,  my  brother's  daughter  40s.,  and  to  the  now 
wife  of  Richard  Smith  my  kinswoman  20s.,  and  to  her  son 
Hayes  my  godson  40s.  To  my  brother  in  law  Hitchcock  in 
Wiltshire  los.,  to  his  three  sons  5s.  each,  and  to  his  daughter 
los.  To  George  Cooke  and  Arthur  Cooke  his  brother  I2d. 
each  out  of  my  property  called  * 'the  Cocke  in  the  hole"  in 
Moorefields,  London,  after  the  above  legacies  are  paid,  as  fol- 
lows: To  my  grandchild  Richard  Moye  ;^i6  per  annum;  to 
Susan  Kelsey,  who  formerly  lived  with  me  and  whom  I  brought 
up  from  Childhood,  a  house  in  tenure  of  one  John  Francklin. 
All  the  rest  to  my  brother  in  lawe  George  Kelsey,  with  ^5,  and 
;^5  per  annum  as  long  as  my  Lease  doth  run.     Executor:   said 


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408  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

George  Kelsey.  Overseers:  My  Cosen  Stephen  Wheeler  and 
William  Cunningham  of  Moorefields;  victualler.  Wittnesses: 
William  House,  John  Slater,  William  Hall  Scr. 

Wootton,  2. 

[John  Moye,  son  in-law  of  Richard  VVheeler,  lived  at  Linhaven  in 
lower  Norfolk  county,  Va.,  and  died  1645.  At  August  Court,  J 645, 
Robt.  Davyes  was  ordered  to  sell  the  estate  of  John  Moye,  deceased, 
for  the  benefit  of  his  creditors  and  orphans.  At  the  next  Court  the  in- 
ventory was  recorded.  There  are  other  records  of  these  Moyes  and  of 
Richard  Wheeler  in  later  records  of  the  county. — Ed.] 

Susanna  Farley,  of  St.  Stephen  in  Coleman  Streete,  Lon- 
don, widdow.  Will  17  March  1655-6,  proved  10  April  1656. 
To  be  buried  in  St.  Stephen  Walbrooke,  beside  my  husband 
Humphrey  Farley.  To  son  William  Farley,  apprentice  at  Wor- 
cester, a  lease  of  the  house  in  Walbrooke  London.  To  my  son, 
Thomas  Farley  a  court  cupboard,  5  chaires,  etc.,  in  posses- 
sion of  Henry  Robinson,  of  Black  Friars,  Taylor.  To  his  wife 
Joyce,  a  black  gown.  To  my  daughter  Susanna,  the  wife  of 
Charles  Gregory  of  Virginia,  a  bed  and  belongings.  To  my 
daughter  Anne  Mitchell,  wife  of  Peter  Mitchell,  my  wearing  ap- 
parell.  To  my  sister  Jane  Pickering,  my  small  Hooper  ring  of 
gould.  To  my  sister  Bridget  Shippey  my  redd  clothe  petticoate, 
and  her  husband  John,  my  best  hatt.  To  their  daughter 
Susanna,  my  goddaughter,  my  Turkey  moihair  petticoate.  To 
my  cousin  Mary  Harvey,  widow,  my  nightgown  and  a  furr  pet- 
ticoate. All  the  rest  (except  my  books  to  Thomas  Farley  my 
son)  to  my  Brother  John  Shippey,  Citizen,  Tyler,  and  Bricklayer 
of  London.  Executor.  Said  John  Shippey.  Witnesses:  John 
Vaughton,   Mary  Vaughton,    John  Alsope  Scr.,   Isabell  Smith, 

Anne  Breesford. 

Berkeley,   125. 

Daniel  Hopkinson.  Will  21  November  1636:  proved  8  April 
1 637.  My  Brother  Joseph  Clifton  to  be  my  executor  and  attorney 
to  pay  wages  and  receive  money,  tobacco,  etc.  from  Virginia, 
and  appoint  seamen  etc.  for  the  ship  Tristam  and  Jane.  To  wife 
Sarah  my  share  in  said  ship.  To  my  father  Clifton  and  Mother 
Clifton  two  bever  Hattes.  To  my  mother  Katharine  Hopkin- 
son a  bever  hatt,  to  my  brother  Abraham  a  bever  hatt,  to  my 


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LETTER    OF   COL.    RICHARD    K.    MEADE.  409 

brother  Joseph  Clifton  a  bever  hat,  and  to  my  brother  Michael 
Markland  my  surgery  chest.  To  my  brother  and  sister  Lole 
two  bever  hats;  my  ring  to  my  sister  Barbary  Clifton.  To  Mr. 
Reeves  the  freighte  of  two  tunne  of  goods  homeward  bound. 
To  Mr.  Hart  the  same  and  25s  to  buy  him  a  ring.  Witnesses: 
Robert  Reeves,  Thomas  Mant. 

Goare,  52. 

John  Ringe  of  London,  Yoeman,  being  bound  for  Virginia  in 
the  Ship  the  Create  Hopewell.  Will  31  August  1636:  proved 
19  April  1637.  To  my  Brother  Matthew  Ringe,  plummer,  of  the 
Strand,  London,  one  half  of  my  goods,  etc.,  and  to  Thomas 
Fluellinge,  livinge  att  the  Pottashe  quarter  in  Virginia,  the  other 
half,  except  as  follows:  To  my  friend  Master  Richard  Atkins, 
three  hundred  weight  of  Tobacco,  and  my  gold  signet  ring;  to 
Mrs.  Abigail  Atkins,  his  wife,  my  Drumme  cupp  of  silver;  to 
Margaret  Burnett,  wife  of  Robert  Burnett,  my  silver  spoone;  to 
Raphael  Shemans,  Chirurgeon  of  said  ship,  my  bible  and  20s. 
Exeeutors:  Matthew  Ringe  my  Brother,  and  Richard  Atkins. 
Witnesses:  Edward  North,  Richard  Havne,  William  Baulke, 
N.  P. 

Goare,  54. 

[Joseph  Ring,  merchant  of  York  couuty,  was  born  1646,  and  died 
February  26  in  1702-3.  He  lived  at  "Ringfield,'*  where  his  tomb  bear- 
ing his  arms  remains  He  left  a  iarge  and  valuable  estate.  For  notice 
of  the  family  see  William  and  Mary  Quarterly,  VI,  148,  149.— En.] 


LETTER  OF  COL.    RICHARD    KIDDER    MEADE. 


[We  are  indebted  to  Rev.  F.  A.  Meade  for  the  copy  of  this 
letter  from  Col.  Meade,  an  active  and  distinguished  Revolutionary 
officer,  who  was  one  of  Washingtion's  aids.] 

Tapan,  Oct.  3d,  1780. 

I  wrote  to  you,  my  good  friend,  I  know  not  the  precise  time, 
but  in  the  course  of  last  month,  on  a  subject  that  keeps  me 


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410  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

anxious.  I  have  been  absent  for  some  days  with  the  General, 
on  an  interview  between  him  and  the  General  and  Admiral  of 
the  French  army  and  navy.  On  my  return  I  expected  to  have 
been  gratified  with  a  line  from  you  in  answer.  I  have  however 
now  been  here  five  or  six  days,  and  cannot  find  a  single  line 
from  you.  You  know  I  have  patience,  and  I  shall  exhibit  it  on 
this  occasion,  as  I  know  you  are  well  employed,  and  then  I  am 
confident  there  was  nothing  offensive  in  my  letter,  and  that 
there  is  still  time  for  your  advice.  I  am  prompted  now  to  give  you 
this  hint,  not  because  I  conceive  you  will  not  give  it  an  answer, 
but  in  consequence  of  a  recent  infernal  conduct  that  has  lately 
taken  place,  which  you  must  have  been  warned  of  before  now. 
This  circumstance,  though  I  have  ever  looked  on  Arnold  as  an 
avaricious,  unprincipled  villain,  has  added  fresh  proofs,  from  the 
pain  I  have  felt  on  the  occasion,  to  evince  that  I  have  no  more 
business  in  Public  life  than  I  have  to  cut  the  throat  of  you  my 
friend.  As  I  expect  to  see  you  not  at  a  very  distant  period, 
and  you  will  have  been  informed  of  this  black  affair,  tho*  not  of 
all  the  particulars  of  it,  I  shall  reserve  them  until  then.  I  will 
only  add  that  poor  Andre,  the  British  Adjt.  General  was  ex- 
ecuted yesterday  ;  nor  did  it  happen,  my  D*r  Sir  (though  I 
would  not  have  saved  him  for  the  world),  without  the  loss  of  a 
tear  on  my  part.  You  may  think  this  declaration  strange,  as  he 
was  an  enemy,  until  I  tell  you  that  he  was  a  rare  character. 
From  the  time  of  his  capture  to  his  last  moment  his  conduct 
was  such  as  did  honor  to  the  human  race.  I  mean  by  these 
words  to  express  all  that  can  be  said  favorable  of  man.  The 
compassion  of  every  man  of  feeling  and  sentiment  was  excited 
for  him  beyond  your  conception.  This  affair  I  know  will  furnish 
us  when  we  meet  with  matter  for  some  hours  conversation,  and 
I  will  on  my  way  to  Virginia,  allot  as  much  time  as  possible  for 
this,  and  other  purposes.  Both  you  and  the  good  woman  are 
entitled  to  all  the  respect  and  friendship  that  I  can  bestow. 
Remember  me  sincerely  to  her,  and  be  assured  my  dear  friend, 
that  I  am 

Yours 

R.  K.  Meade. 


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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  411 


VIRGINIA  LEGISLATIVE  PAPERS. 


From  Originals  in  The  Virginia  State  Archives. 


(Continued  from  XIII,  50.) 


[Election  of  Delegates  in  Berkeley  County,  1775*.] 
Advertisement,  t 

The  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee  for  Berkeley  are  Requested 
to  meet  without  fail  at  the  Court  house  on  the  first  day  of  May, 
next  ensuing  to  take  under  consideration  matters  of  the  great- 
est Importance  Respecting  their  existance  as  Freeman — It  is 
wished  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Vestry  were  appointed  to  meet  the 
same  day  at  the  same  place  as  their  advice  and  concurrence  is 
much  desired. 

The  second  day  of  May  is  appointed  for  General  Muster  at 
the  same  place  when  all  officers  of  the  militia  Volunteer  Com- 
panies &  others  are  ordered  to  attend  as  they  wish  well  to  them- 
selves &  Country. 

The  Freeholders  are  Requested  to  meet  the  same  day  to 
choose  Delegates  who  are  to  continue  for  one  year  to  represent 
them  in  Colony  Convention. 

Adam  Stephen. t 

[Certificate  in  Regard  to  Notice  of  Election.] 
Mr.  Hill  having  some  objections  to  the  Method  that  was  taken 

*The  first  four  papers  relate  to  a  disputed  election  case  in  Berkeley 
county,  Va.  On  July  27,  1775,  the  Convention  declared  the  election 
irregular  and  ordered  a  new  one. 

t  Probably  this  was  a  written  notice  posted  in  various  places  in  the 
county. 

t  Adam  Stephen,  Colonel  of  a  Virginia  regiment  in  the  French  and 
Indian  war  and  served  with  distinction;  was  a  Colonel  in  the  Continen- 
tal Line,  was  at  Trenton,  Brandywine  and  Germantown,  and  was 
promoted  major-general.  He  was  accused  of  intoxication  and  dis- 
missed from  the  service. 


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412  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  advertising  the  Election  of  Provincial  Delegates  for  this 
County  desir'd  me  to  certify  what  I  know  of  the  matter.  I  do 
therefore  Certify  that  there  never  was  any  advertisement  given 
me  to  pubHsh,  tho'  I  have  four  places  of  divine  Worship  to  at- 
tend in  this  County.  The  within  Advertisement  I  saw  at  the 
Church  Door  on  Sunday  the  24th  Day  of  April  last  after  I  came 
out  of  Church  and  was  informed  that  it  was  set  up  before  divine 
service  began  &  there  I  found  it  last  Sunday  when  I  took  it 
down  :     Given    from    under   my    hand  this  23rd  day  of  May, 

1775- 

Daniel  Sturges, 

Rect'r  of  Norborne  Parish  in  Berkeley  C'ty. 


[Petition  ok  Freeholders  of  Berkeley  County  to  the 
Convention,   1775.] 

To  the  Honourable  the  Moderator  and  the  Delegates  of  the 

Colony  of  Virginia  in  Convention  assembled  : 

The  Petition  of  the  Freeholders  of  the  County  of  Berkeley 
Humbly  sheweth  That  it  being  represented  to  the  Inhabitants  of 
the  Colony  by  the  late  Convention  that  the  State  of  publick 
affairs  rendered  it  indispensably  necessary  for  each  County  in 
the  Colony  to  Elect  two  Delegates  to  represent  them  the  en- 
suing year  with  full  powers  to  make  all  such  Regulations  for  the 
Conduct  of  the  Colony  from  time  to  time  as  might  be  found  ex- 
pedient. That  your  Petitioners  conceive  at  a  Time  when  the 
greatest  dangers  seem  to  threaten  the  whole  Continent  with  the 
total  Destruction  of  what  ought  to  be  esteemed  in  Life  it  be- 
hoves the  Inhabitants  of  each  County  to  be  particularly  atten- 
tive to  the  Choice  they  make  of  persons  who  are  to  guide  and 
direct  their  Country  in  times  of  such  Difficulty  and  Distress,  To 
which  End  they  apprehend  the  most  publick  notice  of  the  time 
and  place  of  Election  ought  to  be  given  to  the  Inhabitants 
of  each  County  that  the  whole  Inhabitants  might  be  apprized 
of  a  Transaction  of  such  Consequence  to  them  and  further 
that  such  a  Period  should  be  fixed  for  the  Election  from  the 
time  of  notice  that  they  might  have  it  in  their  Power  to  can- 
vass and  consider  the  merits  and  abilities  of  such  persons 
as  might  be  proposed  for  their  Choice,  That  an  entire  Disregard 


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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  413 

to  those  two  essential  points  (^by  which  a  person  who  is  alto- 
gether improper  at  this  time  has  been  returned  to  represent 
this  County)  oblige  your  Petitioners  to  trouble  your  Honors 
with  a  state  of  the  Transaction  upon  the  occasion. 

That  Colo.  Adam  Stephen  without  consulting  any  person  in 
the  County  as  far  as  your  Petitioners  have  been  able  to  learn 
arrogated  to  himself  the  sole  power  of  appointing  the  time  of 
Election  and  notifying  it  to  the  public.  That  the  time  fixed 
upon  by  him  for  the  Election  succeeded  so  quickly  to  the  Noti- 
fication and  the  Notification  was  given  in  so  partial  and  private 
a  manner  that  a  great  number  of  Freeholders  did  not  hear  of 
the  Election  until  it  was  over  and  many  of  those  who  did  attend 
were  not  acquainted  with  it  till  the  very  day  of  the  Election. 

That  many  of  your  Petitioners  who  were  present  could  view 
these  measures  in  no  other  Light  than  a  .scheme  laid  by  that 
Gent  to  procure  himself  to  be  elected  against  the  general  sense 
of  the  Country  which  they  openly  declared  and  requested  that 
another  day  might  be  appointed  for  the  purpose  or  if  that 
should  not  be  judged  expedient  that  the  Poll  might  be  kept 
open  till  a  succeeding  day  that  proper  notice  might  be  conveyed 
to  those  who  were  as  yet  unapprized  of  the  Election,  a  proposal 
which  your  Petitioners  conceived  no  persons  of  Candour  could 
make  the  least  objection  to.  However,  Colo.  Stephen  refused 
to  adopt  either  of  the  measures  and  imperiously  declared  that 
he  viewed  himself  as  duly  elected  and  whatever  might  be  the 
opinion  of  the  County  was  determined  to  attend  whenever  a 
Convention  should  be  summoned  which  induced  many  to  sub- 
mit to  the  Proceedings  of  the  Day. 

That  your  Petitioners  conceive  this  to  be  a  most  daring  and 
violent  attack  upon  their  Liberty  of  Suffrage  at  a  time  when  the 
publick  Voice  in  all  matters  referred  to  them  ought  to  be  col- 
lected in  the  most  free,  open  and  unbiassed  manner,  and  there- 
fore hope  that  you'll  take  the  same  under  your  Consideration 
and  refuse  the  said  Colo.  Stephen  a  seat  among  you  untill  a  free 
and  open  Election  may  be  procured  in  the  said  County. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  pray,  Sec. 

Jacob  Hite,  Samuel  Kerchevall, 

Joseph  Barny,  William  Morgan, 


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114 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


John  West, 
John  Rion, 
Horatio  Gales, 
Peter  Burr, 
William  Lucas, 
Mickel  Ingel, 
Daniel  Hendricks, 
Philip  Engle, 
Timothy  Sewell, 
Martin  Walford, 
James  Morris, 
Walter  Baker, 
Adam  Endler, 
John  Taylor, 
Samuel  Taylor, 
Gerry  Smid, 
Robert  Lonery, 
£dvvard  Lucas,  Senr., 
Adam  Moler, 
Casper  Peltels, 
Wm.  Morgan,  Capt., 
Andreas  Hieronymus, 
George  Hoegels, 
James  Hendricks, 
Moses  Tullis, 
George  Hant, 
Jacob  Coons, 
Heinrich  Enlers, 
Henry  Strup, 
Thomas  Nelson, 
Thomas  Hall, 
Adam  Birker, 
George  Maret, 
William  Strup, 
Caspar  Sever, 
John  Smith, 
Jacob  Miller, 
John  N.  Alvin, 
Jonathan  Britton, 


Edward  Lucas,  Jun., 
William  Darke, 
Daniel  Schanebley, 
Cornelius  Thompson, 
George  Cloak, 
Andrew  McCarmick, 
John  Strode, 
Wm.  Vestall, 
Henry  Schutz, 
Heinrich  Fink, 
Michael  Hentzel, 
Mardin  Endler, 
John  Sewell. 
Thomas  Crow, 
Phillip  Thyts, 
Peter  Wals, 
Jacob  Israel, 
Isaac  Israel, 
Nicholas  Hain, 
George  Bishop, 
Thomas  Hart,  Sr., 
Thomas  Hart,  Junr., 
Jeremiah  Stillwell, 
Michal  Billmires, 
Robert  Lemen,  Junr., 
Nicodemus  Purck  Dull, 
Thomas  Pearce, 
Henry  Hanes, 
Melser  Pope, 
Thomas  Worly, 
John  Jamyson, 
Adrian  Wynkoop, 
Benjamin  Blackford, 
Michail  Bedinger, 
Jacob  Wren, 
Michael  Welsh, 
Michael  Engel, 
Joseph  Swearenger, 
Benoni  Swearenger, 


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VIRGINIA    LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  415 

William  Right,  Wm.  Brown, 

Abel  Morgan,  John  Swearenger, 

John  Nowland,  Henry  Etter, 

Wm.  Morgan,  Thomas  Swearenger, 

William  Hall,  John  Gentt, 

James  Keith,  John  Jannuste, 

Anthony  Gholson,  Michael  Blene, 

Ulric  Nachmann,  Samuel  Roberts, 

George  Ludwig  Rosenberger,  Thos.  Rutherford, 

John  Hite,  Junr.,  Joseph  Hite, 
Wm.  Coyle,  (X)  his  mark. 


[Proceedings  of  Berkeley  County  Committee, 
June  1775.] 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee  for  the  County  of  Berkeley 
at  the  Court  house  on  the  Second  Wednesday  in  June  1775. 

According  to  Adjournment.  Present  15  Members.  A  copy 
of  a  petition  to  the  Colony  Convention  which  this  Committee 
were  Informed  was  promoted  by  Jacob  Hite  and  Thomas  Hite 
seting  forth  "that  there  was  not  proper  notice  given  to  the  free- 
holders for  an  Election  of  Delegates  to  represent  this  County  in 
the  said  convention  for  one  year  and  that  Colo.  Adam  Stephen 
had  appointed  the  day  for  the  same  in  an  arrogant  manner, 
&c.,"  being  read  Resolved^  that  (upon  enquiry)  It  appears  to 
this  Committee  that  the  sd.  Adam  Stephen  in  appointing  the 
day  for  the  said  Election  acted  by  the  advice  of  several  mem- 
bers of  this  Committee. 

Resolved,  that  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee  that  the 
day  appointed  for  the  said  Election  was  very  proper  for  the 
same  it  being  the  day  appointed  for  a  General  Muster  of  the 
Militia  and  the  next  succeeding  day  after  the  seting  of  the  Com- 
mittee &  Vestry  and  that  by  reason  of  the  publick  notariety 
thereof  a  numerous  &  Respectable  body  of  the  freeholders  ap- 
peared and  voted  on  the  said  Election  and  this  Committee 
further  Considering  that  the  subject  of  this  petition  upon  a 
motion  made  to  the  Committee  on  the  day  of  Election  who 
were  then  sitting  by  the  sd.  Jacob  Hite  &  Thomas  Hite  by  the 
Consent  of  all  the  Candidates  had  been   twice  Referred  and  as 


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416  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

often  determined  by  a  majority  to  be  a  fair  Election.     Therefore 
we  cannot  help  thinking  That  the  said  petition  is  groundless 
and  only  tends  to  create  Jealousies  and  Divisions  in  this  County. 
A  copy. 

Phil.   Pendleton,  Cl'k, 

C'ommrs. 


[Petition  For  a  Ferry  in  Amherst  County.] 

June  5.  1775. 

To  the  Hononable  the  Speaker  &  the  Gent  of  the  House  of 
Burgesses. 

The  Petition  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Amherst  on 
Harris's  Creek  &  the  parts  adjacent  thereto  Humbly  Sheweth. 

That  your  Petitioners  have  frequently  business  at  Bedford 
Court  &  that  having  the  Fluvanna  River*  to  Cross  in  their  way 
thereto  are  for  the  convenience  of  Crossing  at  a  Ferry,  obliged  to 
go  greatly  out  of  their  way  or  be  under  the  necessity  of  Swim- 
ming their  Horses  which  from  its  being  a  large  &  rapid  stream 
is  not  only  very  inconvienent  but  dangerous.  That  a  Ferry  be- 
ing established  a  Cross  the  same  &  at  or  near  the  lower  end  of 
Henry  Trents  plantation  on  the  North  side  in  the  County  of 
Amherst,  to  the  opposite  land  of  Nicholas  Davies  in  the  County 
of  Bedford  would  not  only  be  convienent  to  your  petitioners  by 
having  an  opp'ty  of  going  the  most  direct  way,  but  also  to 
travellers  in  Crossing  the  Country  Si  cannot  as  we  conceive  be 
in  the  least  prejudicial  to  any  person  as  the  land  through  which 
the  roads  will  go  too  «S:  from  the  same  are  mostly  Barran  Sc 
unfit  for  Cultivation.  Your  petitioners  therefore  Humbly  pray 
that  a  Ferry  may  be  established  &  at  the  place  aforesaid  Si  they 
as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  <&c. 

James  McNey,  John  Phillips, 

James  Ownlev,  Obodiah  Henderson. 

George  Weir,  Battaile  Harrison, 

(}eorge  Finn,  Benjamin  Mences, 

John  Tinsley,  Larkin  Gatewood, 


*  The  James,  above  its  junction  with  the  Rivanna,  was  then  called 
Fluvanna. 


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VIRGINIA  LEGISLATIVE  PAPERS. 


417 


George  Mackdaniel 
Archibald  Cox, 
Micajah  Goodwin, 
John  Rucker, 
John  Hardwick, 
Benjamin  Rucker, 
John  Ritchie, 
Anthony  Street, 
David  Wade 
Jos.  Goodwin, 
Thomas  Street, 
Thos.  Gillennaters, 
Samuel  Giles, 
Edward  Honchin, 
James  Pendleton, 
John  Ward, 
Richard  Powell, 
Gah'l  Penn. 
Wm.  Johns, 
Richa*d  Shelton, 
Dudley  Gate  wood, 
David  Shiphord, 
John  Bonny, 
Henry  Franklin,  Jr., 
David  Woodwax, 
Chas.  Miller, 
John  Harrison, 
Edmond  Pendleton, 
Joshua  Shelton, 
William  Whitsett, 
John  Henry  Goodwin, 
John  Bonds, 
James  Crews, 
Ballenger  Wade, 
Matthew  Harris, 


George  Lee, 
William  Penn, 
John  Sale, 
James  Menus, 
Moses  Penn,  Jun'r, 
John  Ownley,  Jun'r, 
Richard  Harrison, 
Reuben  Cowhard, 
William  Paterson, 
Edward  Tinsley, 
Henry  McDaniel, 
Joshua  Tinsley, 
Wm.  Whitton, 
Jno.  Morsett, 
John  Franklyn; 
Ambrose  Rucker, 
John  McDanill, 
John  Burford, 
Thomas  Lumpkin, 
William  Staton, 
John  Giles, 
Isaac  Tinsley, 
Richard  Pond,  Jun*r, 
Thomas  Powell,  Jun*r, 
Jas.  Franklyn, 
William  Hugh, 
John  Floughin, 
Joseph  Fost, 
Thomas  Warters, 
William  Banks, 
Thomas  Jenkins, 
John  Jenkins, 
Joseph  Crew, 
John  Goodwin. — 79 


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418                            VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 
[*0C0N0ST0T0   TO  .] 

June  24th,  1775. 
Dr.  Friends  &  Brother. 

Now  I  am  going  to  let  you  know  what  has  happen  since  I 
went  to  see  to  our  Brothers  the  white  people,  at  long  Cain  & 
Mr.  Cammeron.  That  some  Two  Evil  disposed  Malicious  of  our 
men  has  killed  Two  of  your  men,  which  accident  we  are 
very  sorry  for  and  as  there  is  some  evil  minded  people  amongst 
Whites  that  will  not  adhear  to  the  law  but  according  to  their 
own  Malicious  suggestions  Commit  murder  or  any  Mischief 
they  see  Cause  in  spite  Thereof,  we  Therefore  are  in  hopes  the 
whites  our  Brothers  will  rest  fully  assured  &  satisfy ed  That  we 
utterly  abhor  &  disallow  all  such  proceedings  &  as  it  is  our 
ardent  desire  to  live  in  perpetual  peace  &  friendship  with  our 
Brothers  the  Whites  we  shall  use  all  assidious  means  we  Can  to 
bring  the  perpetrators  of  so  unnatural  &  attrocious  a  Crime  to 
Condign  punishment  as  soon  as  possible,  in  Consequence  of 
which  we  are  in  hopes  our  Brothers  the  whites  will  lay  aside  all 
Thought  of  revenge  and  &  Bury  the  remembrance  of  the  late 
Transaction  in  oblivion  Sc  we  humbly  request  the  favour  of  you, 
our  Brothers  to  send  us  an  answer  by  the  first  oppy.  while  we 
remain  your  loving  friends  &  Brothers  &c.  &c.  &c. 

The  great  Warrior, 

Chotah. 

P.  S. — &  in  a  further  Token  of  our  love  and  desire  of  peace 
we  will  send  the  little  Carpenter  in  soon  to  Aver  the  Truth 
thereof. 

Oconestoto. 


[t  Westmoreland   Co.,  Pa.,  Committee  to .] 

Gentlemen :  i775- 

We  have  this  Day  met  and  Constituted  our  Brethren  in  Com- 
mitte  for  our  County  concerning  the  present  dangerous  dis- 
pute Subsisting  this  long  time  between  the  Colonies  of  Virginia 

♦On  July  27,  1775,  the  journal  of  the  Virginia  Convention  records 
that  a  letter  from  "  Oconostoto,  the  great  Indian  Warrior  was  laid  before 
the  Convention  and  read,'*  and  referred  to  a  committee. 

fThis  and  the  next  two  papers  relate  to  the  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania 
boundary  dispute. 


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VIRGINIA   LEGISLATIVE  PAPERS.  419 

and  Pennsylvania  and  as  we  Repose  Confidence  in  these  Gentle- 
men members  of  your  Committee  that  you  will  Maturely, 
Deliberately  and  honestly  consider  the  Injuries  that  daily  arise 
from  these  Disputes  to  Every  Inhabitant  of  this  young  and  once 
Peaceable,  unanimous  and  very  prosperous  country.  We  have 
thought  it  prudent  in  order  to  have  annimosities  and  Feuds  of 
Every  Kind  as  well  as  Jealousies,  Hostilities  and  Violent  pro- 
ceedings Entirely  Removed  to  propose  to  your  Honourable 
Chamber  a  Treaty  of  Peace  and  Reconciliation  by  settling  a 
Temporary  Line  or  Boundary  as  soon  as  Possible.  We  have 
appointed  Mr.  James  Kinkead,  a  member  of  our  Committee  to 
attend  on  your  Honors  and  will  expect  the  sence  of  your 
Chamber  by  him  at  his  Return  next  Tuesday  we  meet  to  Receive 
your  answer,  and  will  proceed  further  agreeable  thereto. 
Signed  by  order  of  the  Committee, 

John  Proctor,  Chairman. 

A  Copy  :  James  Berwick, 

Cl'k  to  the  Com' tee  of  West  Waters. 
Wesmoreland  County  Committee  Chamber,  29th  June,  1775. 


[West  Augusta,  Va.  Committee  to  Westmoreland  Co., 

Pa.,  Committee.] 
Gentlemen : 

We  are  now  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  Letter  of  the 
29th  of  June  of  Mr.  Kinkead  and  are  very  sensible  of  the  dis- 
tressed and  unhappy  situation  of  the  People  on  this  Side  of  the 
Laurell  hill  arising  from  the  causes  which  you  have  mentioned. 
We  have  considered  the  subject  with  that  mature  deliberation 
which  a  matter  of  so  much  consequence  deserves,  and  are  earn- 
estly desirous  of  contributing  everything  in  our  Power  to  restore 
peace  and  Tranquility  to  this  unfortunate  County. 

But  we  are  fully  convinced  the  mode  that  you  prescribe  for 
that  purpose  by  striking  a  Temporary  line  far  exceeds  the  power 
of  a  Committee  and  can  only  be  effected  by  the  Executive 
powers  of  both  Governments,  Therefore  the  only  method 
in  our  power  to  accomplish  so  desirable  an  end  must  be  by 
a  Joint  petition  sign'd  without  distinction  by  all  the  Inhabi- 
tants to  the  Westward  of  the  Laurel   Hill  to  the  Governors 


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420  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania,  beseeching  them  to  have  a 
Temporary  line  drawn  as  soon  as  possible  and  as  we  have  Re- 
solved on  this  mode  of  proceeding  if  agreeable  to  you  be  assured 
we  will  use  every  endeavour  and  influence  to  expedite  the 
Petition  and  promote  its  success.  As  no  community  can  subsist 
without  a  due  submission  to  the  civil  Laws  the  people  residing 
within  the  Limits  ascertained  by  Lord  Dunnmore's  Procla- 
mation must  untill  the  prayers  of  the  Petition  is  obtained  be 
amainable  to  the  Laws  of  Virginia,  The  civil  majestrates  of 
which  Colony  we  are  fully  determined  to  support  in  the  execu- 
tion of  their  ofiices  as  the  only  security  for  the  wellfare  of  the 
People. 

This  to  every  disinterested  and  unprejudiced  person  must  ap- 
pear to  be  the  most  probable  means  of  restoring  Harmony  and 
Tranquility  to  his  Country  for  whilst  the  two  Governments  are 
contending  for  the  jurisdiction  daily  outrages  will  be  committed 
the  Rights  of  the  people  violated  as  evidently  appears  from 
some  very  recent  instances. 

You  can  not  but  be  sensible  that  his  Majesty  has  the  Jin- 
doubted  authority  &  Dominion  over  all  his  Territorys  and  a 
Right  to  all  quit  rents,  &c.,  where  it  does  not  appear  that  he 
has  precluded  himself  by  his  Royal  Grant,  Therefore  untill  the 
proprietors  of  Pennsylvania  make  it  Evidently  appear  in  Legal, 
Judicial  manner  that  their  Grant  doth  include  this  Country  the 
Inhabitants  ought  not  to  be  subject  to  the  Laws,  &c.,  of  that 
Government.  To  remove  every  doubt  ot  our  sincere  intentions 
for  the  Public  good  we  here  with  send  you  two  Resolves  the 
first  of  which  proves  at  least  that  we  have  not  been  wanting  in 
that  particular  and  the  latter  empowers  each  District  or  Town- 
ship to  send  members  to  represent  them  in  this  Committee. 

We  are  Gentlemen 

Signed,         John  Campbell,  &c. 

A  Copy  :  July  3d,  1775. 

James  Berwick, 

Cl'k  to  ye  Committee  of  the  lles/eni  Wafers, 


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virginia  legislative  papers.  421 

[Pennsylvania   Committee    to   Virginia   Committee   at 
Pittsburgh.] 

Hannahs  Town  July  3d,  1775. 
Gentlemen  : 

Your  Letter  without  date  in  answer  to  ours  of  the  29th,  Ulto. 
by  Mr.  Kinkaid  we  have  received.     The  subject  of  that  Letter 
certainly  deserved  that  mature  deliberation  you  are  pleased  to 
say  you  have  bestowed  upon  it  as  the  peace  &  Tranguility  of 
the  Country  are  intimately  connected  with  it. 

We  did  not  mean  to  lead  you  into  a  discussion  of  the  powers 
of  Committees  it  would  be  difficult  perhaps  to  ascertain  them, 
your  Gentlemen  we  supposed  were  the  representatives  of  the 
People  West  of  Laurel  Hill  who  acknowledge  the  Jurisdiction 
and  wish  to  live  under  the  Laws  of  Virginia  we  are  the  repre- 
sentatives of  those  who  submit  to  the  Government  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  that  capacity  we  conceived  there  would  be  no  impro- 
priety in  our  consulting  upon  and  fixing  some  boundary  line 
conveinent  for  both  on  the  several  sides  of  which  the  respective 
Laws  and  forms  of  Government  to  which  our  several  constituents 
had  been  accustomed  might  have  operated  and  by  that  means 
the  great  obsticle  to  our  uniting  in  the  common  cause  of  Liberty 
removed. 

Gentlemen  we  have  not  forgot  the  first  rise  of  the  dispute 
that  now  subsists  between  the  Colony  of  Virginia  &  Pennsyl- 
vania nor  are  we  afraid  of  being  charged  with  want  of  candour 
when  we  say  that  it  was  owing  to  the  Avarice  of  some  Indi- 
viduals and  to  the  Viliiany  of  others  with  which  we  make  no 
doubt  some  of  your  Committee  are  very  well  acquainted. 
That  their  Designs  unhappily  coincided  with  the  passions  & 
prejudices  of  a  Weak  Governor  and  the  vices  of  an  inciduous 
and  wicked  Ministry  inimical  to  the  rights  of  Mankind  and  of 
the  Americans  in  particular  and  ever  has  been  our  opinion  that 
that  Dispute  was  set  on  foot  on  purpose  to  forward  their  Views 
and  by  involving  two  Great  Colony's  in  a  Quarrel  about  Terri- 
tory detach  them  from  the  common  Cause  or  at  least  prevent 
their  giving  their  proper  attention  to  it. 

A  Joint  Petition  to  the  different  Governors  to  establish  a 
temporary  line  signed  without  distinction  by  all  the  Inhabitants 


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422  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE.       • 

Westward  of  the  Laural  Hill  we  think  an  absurdity,  seperate 
Petitions  would  probably  produce  no  effect  as  we  know  the 
Governor  of  Virginia  has  repeatedly  rejected  such  a  proposal 
from  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  positive  institutions  of  every  Society  are  certainly  binding 
upon  the  Members  of  that  Society  and  a  power  to  compel  obe- 
dience is  necessarily  incident  but  how  Lord  Dunnmore's  Proc- 
lamation is  to  give  authority  from  this  position  or  how  his 
intrusion  intojthe  possessions  of,  seizing  the  Government  of  a 
Society  which  never  made  any  compact  with  him  nor  owes  him 
obedience  are  to  be  justifyed  by  it  we  do  not  discover  the  Juris- 
diction of  Pennsylvania  in  this  Quarter  of  the  Country  has  been 
confirmed  by  the  highest  authority  and  cannot  be  Suppressed 
by  any  act  of  the  subordinate  nor  will  Ten  Thousand  Proclama- 
tions alter  the  nature  of  the  Case  or  render  our  Inhabitants 
amenable  to  the  Courts  of  Virginia. 

We  entreat  you  to  reflect  upon  the  cause  which  has  caird  all 
America  into  arms  part  of  it  certainly  is  the  wanton  abrogation 
of  Established  constitutions  that  had  been  entered  into  by  the 
mutual  consent  of  the  crown  and  the  People.  America  is  now 
Banded  to  procure  the  restitution  of  the  Antient  Form  of  Gov- 
ernment in  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  we  pray  you  to  believe 
whilst  we  are  ready  to  assist  that  Colony  in  repelling  the  In- 
croachments  of  the  crown  we  will  not  suffer  another  to  obtrude 
their  Government  upon  us.  The  Majistrates  of  every  Country 
ought  to  be  supported  in  the  Execution  of  their  very  important 
office  &  we  shall  not  be  behind  Hand  in  affordmg  those  of  our 
Government  every  necessary  continuance. 

The  Bounds  of  a  Letter  (nor  indeed  the  design  of  this)  will 
not  allow  us  to  enter  into  the  Question  of  Precedence  or  how 
far  the  granting  of  it  to  Virginia  might  contribute  to  restore 
Harmony  and  Tranquility  to  this  Country  we  conceive  it  foreign 
to  the  purpose.  Suffice  it  to  say  the  Right  of  Persons  &  the 
Property  of  the  People  have  not  only  recently  but  for  a  length 
of  time  by  past  been  violated  in  so  open  &  outrageous  a  manner 
by  officers  pretending  to  act  under  the  Authority  of  Virginia  as 
has  been  sufficient  to  create  the  utmost  abhorence  and  detesta- 
tion of  that  Government  and  that  those  men  being  continued 
in  their  office  unreproved  reflects  the  greatest  Disgrace  upon  the 


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VIRGINIA   LEGISLATIVE   PAPERS.  423 

executive  power  of  that  Country.  The  Kings  Authority  & 
Dominion  over  all  his  territory  and  His  right  to  Quit  rents  are 
distinct  in  themselves  and  arise  from  very  different  considera- 
tions why  they  are  classed  in  your  Letter  or  why  introduced  at 
all  we  cannot  imagine  nor  is  it  easy  to  understand  the  sequel  of 
that  paragraph.  The  Crown  has  not  yet  charged  Proprietors  of 
Pennsylvania  with  Incroachment  when  it  does  there  is  no  doubt 
that  they  will  make  it  evidently  appear  in  a  Legal  &  Judicial 
manner  that  they  have  not  extended  the  Laws,  &c.  of  their 
Government  beyond  their  just  limits  and  that  consequently  the 
People  owe  neither  obedience  nor  Quit  Rent  to  Virginia. 

When  your  resolves  have  consistency  they  may  possibly  con- 
vince us  that  you  suppose  that  we  have  common  sence  but 
whilst  they  are  evidently  otherwise  whilst  a  vote  of  thanks  to 
such  a  paracide  as  George  Gibson  for  an  action  acknowledged 
by  Himself  to  be  contrary  to  the  Laws  of  His  Country  disgrace 
Your  minutes  you  will  hardly  persuade  us  of  your  sincere  In- 
tentions for  the  Publick  Good. 

Your  Letter  with  a  Copy  of  his  answer  we  shall  immediately 
transend  to  the  Continental  Congress.  We  are  Gentlemen 
your  very  Humble  Servants. 

Signed  by  order  of  the  Committee, 

James  Kinkaid,  Clerk. 
[Endorsed]  To  the  Committee  at  Pittsburgh. 

A  Copy  :  James  Berwick, 

Clerk  of  the  Com'ee  of  Augusta, 

West  of  the  Laurel  Hill. 


[Deposition  of  John  Gibson  in  Regard  to  Delaware 

Indians.] 
Augusta  County  S.  S. 

Personally  appeared  before  me  John  Gibson  one  of  his  Maj- 
esties Justices  for  the  County  of  Augusta,  Garet  Pendergrass, 
who  being  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God 
Deposeth  and  Saith  that  he  left  the  Delaware  towns,  on  Mus- 
kingam  on  Monday  last,  that  he  was  informed  there  By  some 


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424  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

of  the  Delawares  that  a  number  of  their  people  had  lately  come 
from  Detroit,  that  one  Babee  a  french  Trader  had  held  a  Coun- 
cil with  them  and  that  he  desired  them  immediately  to  strike 
the  White  people  that  the  Wiandots  and  all  other  tribes  would 
join  that  he  would  furnish  them  and  at  the  same  time  offered  them 
ammunition  for  that  purpose.  He  also  told  them  the  white 
people  were  now  quite  Round  them  and  Intended  soon  to  fall 
on  the  Indians  that  they  told  Babee  they  coud  not  join  in  any- 
thing of  the  kind  as  their  head  men  had  made  a  firm  peace  with 
their  Brethren  the  English  and  refused  Receiving  any  ammuni- 
tion from  him  and  further  saith  not.  Sworn  and  subscribed  this 
20th  July  1775  at  Logstown  Garret  Pendergrass  Junior.  Befo^re 
me. 

Jno.  Gibson. 


[♦Public  Money  in  The  Hands  of  Richard  Corbin, 
Receiver  General,  July  26,  1775.] 

I  Robert  Prentis  do  hereby  most  solemnly  swear  before  God 
&  on  the  sacred  Evangelist  that  the  sum  of  three  hundred  and 
seventeen  pounds  fourteen  shillings  &  25^  is  all  the  Publick 
money  that  I  have  on  Hand  as  Clerk  to  the  Hon'ble  Richard 
Corbin,  Esq'r,  Receiver  General  and  that  I  will  not  directly  or 
indirectly  pay  away  any  sum  that  I  have  at  present  by  me  or 
may  hereafter  collect  but  to  such  purposes  as  shall  be  directed 
by  the  convention  in  pain  of  confiscation  of  my  whole  Estate  & 
being  treated  as  a  Traytor  to  this  Continent. 

Sworn  to  by  Robt.  Prentis  before  me  this  26th  Day  of  July, 

1775. 

Joseph  Hornsby. 

*The  public  money  in  the  hands  of  Richard  Corbin,  Receiver  General, 
had  been  seized  as  security  for  the  powder  which  had  been  removed 
from  the  magazine  in  Williamsburg  by  Dunmore's  order. 

(to  be  continued) 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES.  425 

HISTORICAL  AND   GENEALOGICAL  NOTES 
AND  QUERIES. 


The  State  Library. 

All  persons  interested  in  Virginia  History  have  been  greatly  pleased 
by  the  announcement  of  the  creation  of  two  new  departments  in  the 
Virginia  State  Library,  viz :  of  Archives  and  History  and  of  Virginia 
Bibliography,  which  are  to  be  respectively  in  charge  of  Messrs.  H.  J. 
Eckenrode  and  W.  Clayton  Torrence.  The  appointments  are  happy 
ones.  The  gentlemen  named  are  young  men  full  of  enthusiasm  and 
energy,  and  much  benefit  to  the  study  of  Virginia  History  may  confi- 
dently be  expected  from  their  work. 

Mr.  Eckenrode  is  favorably  known  as  the  author  of  a  monograph  on 
Reconstruction  in  Virginia,  as  is  Mr.  Torrence  as  the  compiler  of  a 
volume  containing  abstracts  of  the  records  of  Spotsylvania  county. 

The  State  Librarian,  Mr.  J.  P.  Kennedy,  has  in  the  press  a  very 
valuable  report  on  the  State  archives,  which  will  also  contain  a  com- 
plete catalogue  of  the  Sainsbury  Abstracts. 


Memoranda  from  the  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Gazette,  1787-1803. 

[The  notes  here  printed  were  compiled  from  the  file  of  the  newspaper 
now  in  the  Library  of  Congress,  Washington,  D.  C.  The  notices  of 
schools  are  of  especial  interest  at  this  time.  The  Gazette  was  Federal- 
ist in  politics.] 

1788. 

June  5.         Two  advertisements  of  the  Fredericksburg  Academy. 
Letter  from  Richmond  in  regard  to  the  Convention. 
Advertisement  of  school  for  French  and  dancing  by  Mr. 

Cenley. 
Advertisement  of  '*The  Olio  of  Theatrical  Entertainments.'* 
June  12.       Meeting  of  the  trustees  of  Fredericksburg  Academy.     Rules 
adopted  for  the  school. 
Letter  from  Richmond  in  regard  to  the  Convention. 
June  19.       Duel  between  Col.  VVm.  Fountain  and  Mr.  Macon  in  regard 

to  an  election  in  Hanover. 
July  9.  Report  of  meeting  of  trustees  of  the  Fredericksburg  Acad- 

emy. 
Aug.  7.       Advertisement  of  public  examinations  at  the  Academy. 
Sept.  4.        Advertisement  by  Berry-  and  Cartes  of  their  school  for  teach- 
ing French  (in  Fredericksburg.) 
Sept.  25.      Advertisement  by  Francis  Conway  of  sale  of  700  acres  of 
land  on  the  Rappahannock  River,  nine  miles  below  Fred- 
ericksburg, known  as  Conway's  Warehouse. 


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426  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Oct.  2.         Lottery  for  the  Fredericksburg  Academy. 
Oct.  23.        Died  on  Friday  night  last,  Mr.  John  Hall,  merchant,  in  his 
40th  year. 
Died  in  Norfolk  on  the  nth  inst,  in  his  36th  year.  Rev. 
Walker  Maury,  minister  of  Elizabeth  River  parish,  and 
Master  of  the  Norfolk  Academy,  &c. 
Advertisement  of  a  teacher  of  French  and  another  of  singing. 
Nov.  6.        Died  on  the  25th  ult.,  Gabriel  Gait,  at  Richmond. 

Died,  Captain  Archibald  Greig,  the  eldest  Commander  in 
the  Virginia  and  Maryland  trade,  and  a  near  relation  of 
Admiral  Greig  of  the  Russian  service. 
Nov.  20.       Died  at  Richmond,  on  Friday  last.  Dr.  Alexander  Skinner. 
Nov.  27.      Meeting  of  the  trustees  of  the  Fredericksburg  Academy. 

1789. 

Jan.  I.         Account  of  celebration  of  St.  John's  Day  in  Fredericksburg. 
Jan.  15.        Address  to  the  Freeholders  of  Spotsylvania  Co.,  in  behalf 

of  Madison. 
Jan.  27.        Extract  from  a  "Letter  from  James  Madison,  Jr.,  to  his  friend 

in  the  Country.*' 
Advertisement  of  sale  of  Popcastle  and  Lambs  Creek,  King 

George  Co.,  on  the  river  15  miles  below  Fredericksburg. 

Popcastle,  containing  12S8  acres,  was  occupied  by  the  late 

Col.  VVm.  Champ.    Lambs  Creek,  667  acres,  buildings 

greatly  out  of  repair.     It  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Col. 

Lewis  Willis.    Advertisement  signed  by  Francis  Willis, 

Georgia. 
Election  in  Spotsylvania,  &c. 
Died  at  his  seat  on  Bull  Run,  John  Carter,  Esq. 

Died  in  this  town  yesterday,  John  Taliaferro,  Esq.,  of 

Hayes,  aged  44. 
Letter,  dated  Orange,  Jan.  29,  1789,  from  James  Madison, 

Jr.,  to . 

Died  at  Hill  Park,  Essex,  his  seat,  on  the  19th  inst.,  Bennett 

Browne,  Esq. 
Married  on  Sunday  the  26th  ult.,  Mr.  John  Mitchell,  mer- 
chant, of  Baltimore,  and  Mary,  daughter  of  Col.  William 

Peachey,  of  Mildenhall,  Richmond  Co. 
Advertisement  of  the  Port  Conway  races — ^to  be  run  under 

the  rules  of  the  Bowling  Green  Jockey  Club. 
Died,  Thursday  last,  age  61,  Jacob  Whitely,  for  many  years 

innholder. 
Prices  of  tobacco  in  London. 
Died,  Saturday  last,  Captain   Alexander  Kennedy,  a  native 

of  Scotland,  aged  about  60. 


Feb. 
April 

5. 
9. 

April 

16. 

April 

30. 

May 

14. 

Aug. 

30. 

Sept. 

10. 

Sept. 
Oct. 

17. 
15. 

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NOTES   AND  QUERIES. 


427 


Died,  Monday  last,  Mr.  Wm.  Wright,  aged  89. 
Oct.  22.       Died,  Friday  last,  Mr.  Walter  Davids,  comedian. 

Advertisement  of  play,  "  The  Suspicious  Husband  " 
Nov.  5.        Died,    Monday    last,   Mr.    Lack  Ian    Campbell,   merchant, 
aged,  43- 
Advertisement  of  play. 
Nov.  12.*     Died,  Thursday   last,   Mrs.    Peggy,  wife  of  Mr.  Peter  Cast, 

merchant  of  this  place. 
Dec.  24.      Complaint  in  regard  to  the  action  of  the  House  of  Delegates 
as  to  a  chaplain. 

1790. 
Jan.  7.  Reply  to  above  in  regard  10  a  chaplain  of  the  House  of 

Delegates. 
Jan.  14.        Address  of  the  Committee  of  the  United   Baptist  Church 
in  Virginia  to  the  President  of  the  U.  S.  and  his  reply. 
Died,  Mr.  Thos.  Brown,  innkeeper,  aged  61. 
Jan.  28.       Married  :  Wm.  Minor  and  Mildred,  daughter  of  John  Lewis. 
Died  in  Richmond,  Lucy,  wife  of  Joseph  I^tie,  of  that  place. 
Also,  in  Richmond,  died  Hugh  Patlon,  merchant. 
Died  at  his  seat  in  Essex,  Robert  Brooke  Esq. 
Died  on  the  22d  ult.  at  the  island  of  Barbadoes,  Mrs.  Frances 
Thornton  of  Orange  Co. 
Feb.  17.      Celebration  of  Washington's  birthday  in  Fredericksburg — 
"  this  morning." 
Article  on  free  schools  in  New  England. 
March  11.     Died  in  Caroline  Co.,  Dr.  George  Tod,  aged  80. 

Died,  on  Friday  last,  Mrs.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Fitzhugh 
of  Stafford  Co.  in  her  6ist  year. 
March  25.     Died,  Hon.  Wm.  Grayson. 
April  5.        Died  on  the  5th  inst.  Rosanna,  wife  of  Col.  John   Dixon, 

printer,  Richmond. 
May  6.  Died  in  Orange,  Mr.  John  Bell. 

June  24.       Died  on  Monday  last,  Francis  Dade  Jr.,  aged  14. 
Oct.  7  Notice  that  the   Richmond  Academy  had  been  turned   into 

a  theatre. 
Oct.  14.        Died  in  Culpeper  Co.,  in* her  41st  year,  Molly,  wife  of  Col. 

]ames  Duncanson.  of  Fredericksburg. 
Dec.  16.       Notice  of  the  consecration  of  Bishop   Madison  and  of  his 
arrival  in  Va. 

1791. 
Jan.  6.  Died  Friday  last,  John  Sunderland,  merchant,  of  this  place. 

Died  at  Orange  C.  H.,  Joseph  Wood,  aged  56. 
Jan.  13.        Died,  Jan.  5,  at  Salisbury,  Loudoun  Co.,  Mrs.  Jane  Love,  in 

her  45th  year. 
Jan.  27.        Died  at  Jacksonborough.  S.  C,  Dr.  James  Wallace,  late  sur- 
geon in  Bayler's  regiment,  in  35th  year. 


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428  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Feb.  10.       Died,  in  this  County,  Tuesday  night,  Mrs.   Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Col.  Charles  McGill  of  Winchester. 
Advertisement  of  the  Fredericksburg  Assembly  (dancing. ) 

Feb.  17.      Died  at>Port  Royal,  Mr.  John  Tankersley,  aged  42. 

March  10.     Died  last  week,  Nathaniel   Burwell,  of  Kings  Creek,  York. 
Died,  Sir  Thomas  Grey  Skipwith,  of  Newbold   Hall,  Eng- 
land, who  has  left  to  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Peytcm  Skip- 
with, of  Prestwould,  Va.,  a  landed  estate  of  ^'4,900  sterl- 
ing per  annum. 

April  7.     .  Died  in  Richmond,  on  the  29th  ult.  Mrs.  Sarah,  wife  of  Mr. 
Gordon,  comedian. 

April  14.      Visit  of  Washington  to  Fredericksburg, 
Price  current. 

April  21.     Visit  of  Washington  to  Alexandria  and  Richmond. 

May  5.         Died  on  the  27th  ult  in  his  52nd  year,  Neill  McCoull,  a  na- 
tive of  Scotland. 

Aug.  4.        Died  on  the  i6th  inst..  General  Adam  Stephen.     He  was  a 
native  of  Scotland. 

Aug.  II.      Died,  Mrs.  Margaret,  wife  of  James  Pottinger  of  this  place. 

Aug.  25.      Notice  of  visitation  by  Bishop  Madison. 

Sept.  8.        Died  in  Middlesex,  on  the  28th  inst.,  Wm.    MuUin,   of  Staf- 
ford, aged  57. 

Sept  20.      Notice  of  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons. 

Nov.  10.        Notice  of  meeting    of  the    Grand  Lodge  at  Richmond  ; 
Thomas  Mathews  re-elected  Grand  Master. 

1799. 

Jan.  II.        Died,  lately,  at  Boyds  Hole,  Mr.  John  Dalryniple,  formerly 
merchant  of  this  town. 
Died  in  this  county,  Mr.  James  Frazier 
Died  at  Port  Royal,  Mr.  Wm.  Gray,  merchant 
Cold  weather  in  Fredericksburg. 
Jan.  22.        Died  in  this  county,  on  Sunday,  Frances,  wife  of  Major 
Benj.  Alsop. 
Appointments  to  U.  S.  Army  from  Va. 
Jan.  25.       Appointments  to  U.  S."  Army  from  Va. 

Married,  on  the  17th  inst.,  Foushee  Tebbs.  of  Richmond 
County,  and  Ann,  daughter  of  Captain  Henr^  Quarles,  of 
Paradise,  Essex  Co. 
Advertisement  by  the  trustees  of  St.  George's  parish. 
Jan.  29.        Advertisement  of  school  by  John  Gayle. 
Feb.  I.         Died,  Hon.  Henry  Tazewell,  in  Philadelphia. 
Feb.  5.        Advertisement  offering  reward  for    discovery  of  persons 

who  damaged  the  Fredericksburg  theatre. 
Feb.  8.        Notice  of  Fredericksburg  Charity  School. 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES. 


429 


Advertisement  announcing  the  publication  of  "The  Genius 
of  Freedom,**  (newspaper  in  Fredericksburg.) 
Feb.  12.      Died,  Feb.  5th,  at  Stoney  Hill,  his  seat  in  Stafford,  John  R. 

Peyton. 
Feb.  15.      Died  on  Tuesday,  the  wife  of  Richard  Johnston,  merchant 
of  this  place. 
Letter  signed   "A  Christian,**  in  regard  to  John  Taylor*s 

resolutions  on  the  Alien  and  Sedition  laws. 
Advertisement  by  trustees  of  St.  George's  Parish. 
Feb.  19.       Address  of  John  Nicholas,  member  of  Congress. 
Feb.  22.       Letter  in  regard  to  printing  the  minority  address  (in  the  Va. 

Legislature)  on  the  Alien  and  Sedition  laws. 
Feb.  26.       Celebration  of  Washington's  birthday  in  Fredericksburg. 
March  5.      Died  in  Culpeper,  Mr.  John  Williams,  Sr. 

Letter  from  Judge  Bushrod  Washington,  dated  Feb.  10, 

1799. 
March  8.      Died  on  Monday  in  this  town,  Lachlan  Mcintosh,  aged  52. 
Died  Tuesday,  John  Day,  tayler. 
Died  in  the  County,  Ann,  wife  of  Major  John  Willis. 
Advertisement  of  theatre. 
March  15.    Advertisement  of  Tappahannock  races. 
March  19.    Resolutions  of  Prince  Wm.  County  Court  refusing  to  have 
the  Alien  and  Sedition  resolutions  (of  the  Va.  Legislature) 
read. 
March  29.    Advertisement  of  the  Fredericksburg  Fire  Company. 
April  2.        Meeting  of  the  Subscribers  to  St.  George's  Church. 
April  9.        Great  fire  in  Fredericksburg. 

Died  in  this  town  on   Friday,    Mr.  George   Hazleton,  of 

Norfolk. 
Died  same  day,  Ann,  wife  of  John  Lewis. 
Died  on  Saturday  morning  the  wife  of  Captain  James  Allan. 
April  12.      Died  Thursday,  Captain  John  Legg,  of  this  town. 

Died  at  Fauquier  C.  H.,  Septimus  Norris,  merchant. 
April  23.      Died  in  this  town  on  Saturday  last,  Lucy,  (aged  19)  daughter 
of  the  late  Thos.  Walker. 
Died  in   Stafford  yesterday  morning,   Mrs.   Mary   Brown, 
relict  of  the  late  Raleigh  Brown. 
April  26.      Election  returns. 

April  30.      Tuesday— Died  Sunday,  Mr.  James  Allen,  Sr.,  aged  84  years 
and  12  days.     Was  a  native  of  Scotland  and  came  to  Fred- 
ericksburg in  1739. 
Election  returns. 
May  3.  Died  in  this  county  on  Monday,  Edward  Herndon,  Sr.,  in 


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480  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

his  67th  year,  was  the  senior  magistrate  of  Spotsylvania 

Co. 
Election  returns. 
May  7.         Died  in  Caroline,  Richard  Laughlin. 

Letter  in  regard  to  a  political  publication  by  the  President 

of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  Va. 
Letter  from  Patrick  Henry  to  Henry  Lee. 
May  10.       Advertisement  of  the  theatre. 

Letter  in  regard  to  politics  in  the  theatre. 
May  24.       Article  in  regard  to  the  number  of  Federalists  in  Fredericks- 
burg. 
June  18.       Died,  Patrick  Henry. 
July  5.  Died  lately  in  Middlesex,  Hudson  Muse. 

July  26.        Advertisement  of  the  sale  of  a  large  collection  of  books  and 

music,  the  property  of  the  late  Col.  John  Caspar  Stadler. 
Notice  of  the  Charity  School. 
Aug.  6.        Died  on  the  28th  ult.,  Thos.  Wade  West,  manager  of  the 

Alexandria  Theatre. 
Discussion  in  regard  to  articles  in  the  Republican  paper 

*The  Genius  of  Liberty.'* 
Aug.  27.       Resolutions  of  Pittsylvania  County  Court  refusing  to  have 

the  Alien  and  Sedition  Resolutions  read. 
Sept.  3.        Article  in  regard  to  a  sermon  of  Bishop  Madison's. 
Sept.  10.     Advertisement  of  match  race,  five  miles,  for  200  guineas  on 

Tappahannock  course,  between  Col.  Tayloe's  Leviathan, 

180  lbs.,  and  Col.  Tomlin's  Wildair,  no  lbs. 
Sept.  17.      Account  of  action  between  American  Ship  Planter  from 

Hampton  Roads,  and  a  French  privateer. 
Sept.  24.     Account  of  the  race  between  Leviathan  and  Wildair,  won  by 

the  former  by  4  inches. 
Oct.  22.       Died  in  Richmond  Co.,  Thomas  Beale,  aged  63  years. 
Oct.  29.       Advertisement  of  the  Marine  Insurance  Company  of  Alex- 
andria. 
[It  appears  by  a  reference  at  this  time  that  Robert  Mercer 

was  editor  of  the  "Genius  of  Liberty."] 
Nov.  22.      Married  on  the  17th  inst.  at  Chestnut  Hill,  Richmond  Co., 

Lieutenant  Jesse  Ewell  and  Mildred  Beale. 
Dec.  3.        Died  on  the  i8th  [ult.]  in  Lancaster,  Col.  Henry  Towles  in 

his  53d  year. 
Dec.  6.        Married  last  evening  Willis  Lee,  of  Fauquier,  and  Polly, 

daughter  of  John  Richards,  of  this  place. 
Jan.  24.        Notice  of  Alexandria  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Jan.  28.        Notice  of  Fredericksburg  Charity  School. 
Feb.  18.       Resolutions  in  Fredericksburg  on  the  death  of  Washington. 


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NOTES    AND   QUERIES. 


431 


Feb.  28.       Died  in  this  town  yesterday,  Robert  Brooke,  late  Governor 

of  Virginia. 
Advertisement  of  Fredericksburg  Dancing  Assemblies. 
March  7.      Advertisement  of  lease  of  the  houses  of  the  Academy,  now 

the  property  of  the  Charity  School. 
March  11.    Died  last  week  in  Caroline,  Major  John  Thornton,  of  King 

George. 
March  14.    Letter  against  act  passed  by  the  last  Assembly  for  choosing 

Presidential  electors. 
March  21.    Letter  signed  ** Freeholders,"  King  George  Co.,  criticising 

Madison's  Report. 
April  18.      Died  at  Blandfield,  Robert  Beverley,  in  his  6oth  year. 
June  3.         Married  on    Wednesday   last  in  Caroline    county,    Philip 

Thornton,  Esquire,  to  Miss  Sally  Conway,  daughter  of  the 

late  Francis  Conway,  Esquire. 
June  6.         An  address  to  the  voters  for  electors  in  Va.  for  President 

and  Vice-President,  in  behalf  of  the  American  Republican 

ticket  [Federalist]. 
July  I.         Letter  on  the  partisan  methods  of  the  Republican  State  Ad- 
ministration (in  Va.) 

July  4.         Died  yesterday,  French  Strother,  of  Culpeper,  State  Senator. 

July  8.         Celebration  of  the  4th  of  July  in  Fredericksburg. 

Married  in  Stafford  on  Thursday  last,  Alexander  Morson  and 
Anne  Casson  Alexander,  daughter  of  \Vm.  Alexander,  of 
Snowden. 

July  II.        Mail  routes  in  Va. 

July  22.        Letter  in  reply  to  one  charging  the  Republican  State  ad- 
ministration with  unfairness. 

Aug.  19.      Another  letter  on  same  subject. 

Sept.  9.        Died,  John  Blair,  Esq.,  of  Williamsburg. 

Sept.  12.      Died  yesterday   morning,   Robert    Mercer,   editor  of  The 
Genius  of  Liberty. 

Sept.  16.      Gabriel's  Insurrection. 

Sept.  19.      Gabriel's  Insurrection. 

Sept.  23.      Gabriel's  Insurrection. 

Died  in  Northumberland,  Catesby  Jones,  in  45th  year. 

Oct.  3.         Gabriel's  Insurrection. 

1802. 

Feb.  26.       Died  at  his  seat  in  Richmond  Co.  on  the  20th  inst,  Mr.  John 

Fawcett. 
March  4.      Account  of  great  religious  revival  in  Kentucky. 
March  16.    Teacher  for  Fredericksburg  Female  Charity  School. 
April  27.      Died  yesterday  Mr.  Samuel  Stevens,  ropemaker. 


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432  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

May  4.         Died  yesterday,  Alfred,  youngest  son  of  Thomas  Daniell  of 
this  town. 

May  18.       Advertisement  of  Orange  Springs. 

June  14.       Died  on  the  7th  inst.,  Col.  Wm.  Peachey,  of  Milden  Hall, 
Richmond  Co.,  in  74th  year. 

June  18.       Preparations  for  celebrating  the  4th  of  July. 

June  29.      Advertisement  by  Philip  Temple,  King  William  Co.,  of  the 
press  &c.,  in  the  late  office  of  the  Fredericksburg  News 
Letter. 
Advertisement  of  sale  of  personal  property  at  Mount  Ver- 
non. 

July  6.  Celebration  of  the  4th  of  July  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H. 

July  9.  Oration  of  Garrett    Minor,  Esq.,   on  the  4th  of  July  at 

Spotsylvania  C.  H. 
Died,  on  the  2nd  inst.,   Mrs.  Mary,    wife  of  Col.  David 

Jameson  of  Culpeper,  in  30th  year. 
Advertisement  of  Caroline  Springs. 

July.  13.  Fourth  of  July  oration  by  Thomas  Ritchie  on  the  Academy 
Green,  Fredericksburg. 

July  16.        Died,  Gilbert  Harrow. 

Tuly  20.        General  Lewis  Littlepage  died  yesterday. 

July  27.        Advertisement  of  Wax- works  exhibition. 

July  30.  Died  in  Culpeper,  the  wife  of  Major  Churchill  Jones,  of  The 
Wilderness. 

Aug.  24.  Letter  from  Patrick  Henry  against  slavery,  copied  from  the 
Philadelphia  Magazine. 

Oct.  5.  Judge  Tucker's  charge  to  the  District  Court  grand  Jury, 
Fredericksburg. 

Dec.  14.      Article  on  electing  a  chaplain  for  the  House  of  Delegates. 

Dec.  17.       Election  of  John  Page,  Governor  &c. 

Resolution  denouncing  the  abuse  of  the  President  by  the 
Federal  press. 

Dec.  21.  Advertisement,  sale  by  Catlett  Conway,  executor  of 
the  land  where  Francis  Conway,  deceased,  lived  for 
several  years  before  liis  death,  being  1040  acres  (700  of 
which  first  class  meadow,  so  that  10,000  lbs.  of  actual 
grass  or  hay,  may  be  made  from  it,)  lying  immediately  on 
the  Rappahannock,  seven  or  eight  miles  below  Fredericks- 
burg. 

1803. 

Jan.  21.        Notice   of  the  Alexandria   Marine   Insurance  Company. 
Gift  to  Washington  Academy  by  the  Cincinnati. 


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NOTES   AND   QUERIES. 


483 


Feb.  i8.       Letter  on  candidacy  of  Col.  New  for  Congress. 

March  4.  Letters  on  same  subject  and  on  the  candidacy  of  John  Tay- 
lor of  Caroline. 

March  11.  Letter  on  same  snbject. 

April  I.  Proposals  for  the  publication  of  a  Republican  paper  in 
Fredericksburg  to  be  called  The  Apollo. 

July  22.        Death  of  John  Thompson  Callender. 

Married  on  Thursday,  the   14th  inst.,  William  Brooke  of 
Fredericksburg,  and  Mary  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Col.  Lar- 
kin  Smith,  of  King  &  Queen. 

Aug.  16.  Advertisement  by  Charles  B.  Carter,  of  **  Richmond  Hill,  ** 
of  sale  of  his  entire  estate,  7895  acres  on  Totuskey  Creek, 
about  four  miles  from  the  Rappahannock  river.  Large 
two  story  frame  dwelling,  five  rooms  on  a  floor  and  closets, 
all  the  houses  built  within  the  last  ten  years. 

Sept.  13.         Advertisement  of  Middleburg  Academy  in  Loudoun  Co. 

Sept.  16.     Yellow  fever  in  Fredericksburg. 

Nov.  22.  Advertisement  of  sale  of  personal  property  of  Mann  Page, 
deceased,  of  Mannsfield. 

Nov.  27.  Advertisement  by  Cottom  and  Stewart,  Fredericksburg,  of 
a  circulatiitg  library. 

1804. 

Jan.  13.  Advertisement  of  sale  of  personal  property  and  lease  of 
Salisbury,  King  Ceorge  Co.,  1700  acres,  property  of  the 
late  John  L.  Alexander. 

Feb.  7.  Meeting  of  members  of  the  Legislature  and  others  to  nomi- 
nate a  Republican  electoral  ticket. 

Feb.  17.  Died  on  Monday  last,  Benjamin  Grymes,  of  Eagles  Nest, 
Staflford  Co.  [King  George  ?] 

March  2.      Great  fire  at  Norfolk. 

Meeting  in  regard  to  the  Female  Institution  of  Fredericks- 
burg. 

March  6.      Meeting  in  regard  to  same. 

March  30.    Notice  of  Stevensburg  [Culpeper]  Academy. 

April  13.      Letter  in  regard  to  banks. 

April  20.      Died  on  Saturday,  in  Fauquier,  Martin  Pickett. 

May  4.         Norfolk  prices,  in  rhyme. 
Charity  School. 

May  II.       Subscription  for  the  Bank  of  Va.  in  Fredericksburg. 

May  18.       Marine  Insurance  Co.  of  Alexandria. 

May  22.  Married  on  the  19th  inst.,  Thos.  Pope  Bayse,  merchant  of 
Fredericksburg,  to  Miss  Hannah  Lee  Turberville,  of 
Westmoreland. 

June  5.         Married  in  Prince  William  on  the  17th  ult.,  Robert  Hooe,  of 


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434  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Stafford  and  Margaret,  daughter  of  the  late  Landon  Carter, 
of  Prince  William. 
Married  on  the  24th  of  May  at  the  home  of  L.  W.* Tazewell, 
Norfolk,  Col.  Larkin  Smith,  of  King  and  Queen  and  Miss 
Taliaferro. 
Meeting  of  the  Republican  stockholders  of  the  Bank  of  Vir- 
ginia in  Petersbury. 

June  15.       Notice  of  barbacue  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H. 

Letter  from  Stith  Mead,  June  5,  1804,  describing  revival  of 

religion  in  Bedford  Co. 
William  and  Mary  College  lottery. 

June  29.       Meeting  of  Fredericksburg  Sockholders  of  the  Bank  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

July  6.         Celebration  of  the  4th  of  July. 

July  10.       Camp  meeting  in  Powhatan  Co. 

July  17.        Celebration  of  the  4th  of  July  at  Germanna. 

Aug.  7.        Resolutions  of  Va.  Society  of  Cincinnati  on  the  death  of 
Alexander  Hamilton. 

Sept.  II.      Notice  of  the  Bank  of  Potomac,  Alexandria. 

Oct.  12.        Friday — Died  at  his  seat  in  Stafford  on  Monday  last,  Wm. 
Alexander,  Esq. 

Nov.  23.       Died  on  the  21st  inst.,  Mrs.  Sarah  Griffin  Mortimer,  relect  of 
Dr.  Charles  Mortimer. 

Dec.  21.       Died  in  Georgia  in  November  last,  Philip  B.  Rootes,  for- 
merly of  Fredericksburg. 
(The  dates  given  are  those  of  the  papers.) 


Virginia  Newspapers  in  the  Library  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Historical  Society. 

We  are  indebted  to  Mr.  John  W.  Jordan,  editor  of  the  Pa.  Mag,  of 
History  and  Biography  for  the  following  list : 

Virginia  Gazette,  Williamsburg,  Nov.  i,  1770;  Jan'y  3,  1771;  Dec.  31, 
1772;  July  28,  1775  (with  lacunae.) 

Virginia  Journal  and  Alexandria  Advertiser^  Vol.  2,  Feb.  3,  1785; 
Jan'y  26,  1786. 

Richmond  Enquirer,  181 7. 

Norfolk  and  Portsmouth  Herald^  1820. 

Constitutional  U^hig^  Richmond,  Feb'y  20,  1827;  May  24,  1828. 

The  Magnolia :  A  Southern  Home  Journal.  2  Vols.,  folio,  Richmond, 
1863  and  1864. 

Brown.— Will  you  try  to  find  Chastain  William  Scott  Brown?  He  is 
said  to  be  the  son  of  William  Brown  and  Ann  (or  Nancy)  Scott,  of  Cul- 
peper,  Virginia.     (C  W.  S.  Brown  was  born  Oct.  i,  1818.) 

Mrs.  S.  a.  Hillis,  Lichfield,  Conn. 


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GENEALOGY.  435 


GENEALOGY. 


THE  BRENT  FAMILY. 

Complied  by  W.  B.  Chilton,  Washington,  D.  C. 

(continued.) 

The  church  is  dedicated  to  Saints  Peter  and  Paul,  a  dedication  which 
it  shares  with  thirty  or  more  other  churches  in  the  county,  though  not, 
I  believe,  common  in  other  parts  of  England. 

The  church  plate  is  at  present  as  follows  : 
********************* 

5.  A  silver  gilt  cup  and  cover,  height  i  foot  7  inches,  weighing  37 
ozs  ;  date  mark  1599  >  ornamented  with  scallop  shells  ;  a  very  handsome 
and  interesting  piece  of  plate  bequeathed  to  the  church  by  the  will  of 
Elizabeth  Ludwell,  who  died  in  1765,  and  which  in  Mr.  Lambert^s 
judgment,  is  an  ancient  goddet  or  grace  cup,  and  was  not  originally  in- 
tended for  sacred  purposes. 

6.  A  large  two  handed  cup  or  bowl,  with  cover ;  date  mark  1676 ; 
inscribed.  **Gift  of  Mrs.  Ludwell  to  the  Parish  Church  of  Charing  for 
the  use  of  the  Communion  Table." 

The  parish  registers  commence  in  August,  1590,  the  earlier  books 
having  been  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  of  that  year  mentioned  by 
Robert  Honywood  of  Pett. 

The  old  manor  house  known  as  Wickins,  now  used  as  a  farm  house, 
is  situated  about  a  mile  from  Charing  and  is  an  interesting  specimen  of 
early  English  architecture.  The  present  structure  is  only  about  a 
fourth  part  of  the  original  mansion  in  which  John  Brent  entertained 
Henry  the  Eighth  on  his  way  to  the  siege  of  Bullerin. 


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436 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


DENEBAND, 
of  Hinton  S.  George. 
Sr.  John  Deneband=Alice,  d.  and  h. 


Ld.  of  Porscenet 
in  Wales. 


Thomas  Gifford 
of  Hinton. 


VVm.=Alice. 

^1 


Phillipe=Cicely,  d.  Simon  Grindham, 
I    al's  Grondynham. 


I,  Agnes=Wm.=Joan,  2, 

I  Stocklyns. 


Robert  Brent, 


Thos.=Joan. 


Robert=Eliz. 

I 


Wm. 


John,  i573=Florence,  d.  Rich, 
Archdeacon. 


Robert 
Brent. 


Jotin. 


Eliz.=Sir  Wm.  Pawletf,  Kt. 


John. 


From  the  Visitations  of  the  County  of 

Somerset,  by  F.  W.  Weaver,  Exeter,  1885,  page  20. 

BRENT  OF  COSSINGTON. 

Arms: — Gu.  a  Wivern  passant  Arg. 

[John]  Brent  [d.  1557]= 


I.  Stephen  Brent  of= 
Cossington  in 
Com.  Somerset. 


2.  Giles  Brent, 

Vide  Dorsett, 

[Sims'  Index,  page  88.] 


I  I 

Margaret.       John  Brent= 


John  Brent  of  Cossing-= 
ton  [d.  1610.]  I 


Elizabeth  ux  James 
Andrews  of  Blackford. 


[John]  Brent,  sonne  and 
heire  [d.  s.  p.  1692]. 


Barbara,  ux.  George 
Mathew. 


From  the  Visitation  of  the  County  of 

Somerset,  by  F.  W.  Weaver,  Exeter,  1885,  page  96. 


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GENEALOGY. 


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GENEALOGY.  439 

(P.  C.  C.  Cope  57.) 
The  will  of  Roger  Brent,  of  Thrupp,  alias  Thorpp.  Co,  Oxon,    gent» 
dated  i  March,  1615-6, 

I  bequeath  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Kidlingto  n 
and  give  to  the  same  church  10s.  All  my  goods  whatsoever,  after  m  y 
debts  are  discharged,  I  give  to  my  wife,  Katherin  Brent,  whom  I  make 
my  executrix. 

(Signed)  Roger  Brent. 

Witnesses :  Edward  BuUiphant ;  John  Cooke,  his  mark ;  John 
Hoare. 

Proved,  13  June,  1616,  by  the  executrix  named. 
Salisbury. 

At  Salisbury  a  family  of  Brents  resided  whose  connection  with  th  e 
Somersetshire  family  is  unknown.  Copies  of  a  few  wills  of  members 
of  this  branch  are  given  as  interesting  specimens  of  early  testamentary 
documents. 

Will  of  Andrew  Brent, 

Of  the  city  of  New  Sarum,  of  the  parish  of  S.  Edmund  the  Arch- 
bishop, dated  21  November,  1472.     Proved  20  November,  1475. 

I  desire  to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  S.  Edmund,  near  the 
Altar  of  S.  Andrew. 

I  bequeath  to  the  fabric  of  the  Cathedral  of  the  Blessed  Mary  of 
Sarum  35.  4^.  (Other  bequests  to  the  Cathedral,  to  the  church  of  S. 
Edmunds,  and  to  priests  etc.,  for  funeral  observances  follow.) 

I  bequfeath  to  Margaret  now  my  wife  three  girdles,  etc.,  a  "blak- 
notte**  which  was  bequeathed  to  me  by  John  Wyott,  brewer  of  the 
aforesaid  city,  deceased,  featherbed  etc.  Also  I  will  that  for  the  exe- 
cution of  this  my  last  will,  Margaret  my  wife  have  all  that  my  messuage 
etc.,  in  which  I  now  inhabit  in  Wynman  strete  and  Brownestrete  in  the 
city  aforesaid,  between  the  tenement  late  of  Richard  Ballew  now  of 
Thomas  Lampwals,  and  the  tenement  of  John  Stokes  Esqre.,  for  term 
of  her  life,  paying  the  rent  I  am  accustomed  to  pay  ;  and  I  will  also 
that  she  have  my  tenement 'situated  in  Wynchestrete,  and  another  tene- 
ment in  that  neighborhood  ;  which  tenements  are  to  be  sold  after  the 
death  of  my  wife  and  the  money  given  to  the  Altar  of  S.  Andrews  ;  in 
the  church  of  S.  Edmund's  of  Sarum,  for  my  own  soul,  and  for  the 
souls  of  John  Gerveys,  of  Isabell  and  Alice,  late  my  wives,  for  the 
souls  of  William  and  Agnes  my  children,  for  the  souls  of  John  Aliander 
John  Wyott,  Brewer,  and  Alice  late  his  wife  and  for  the  souls  of  all  the 
faithful. 

And  as  to  my  lands  and  tenements  in  Alyngton,  co.  Wilts  I  wish 
them  to  be  sold  at  my  death,  and  disposed  of  as  above  written.  I  be- 
queath to  John  Rooke,  my  servant,  five  horses,  etc  To  Henry  Baw- 
son,  my  uncle  my  cloak  etc.  To  John  Blythewode,  cloak  etc.  To 
Margaret,  late  my  servant,  a  silver  spoon  etc      To  John  Cristyan  six 


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440  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

silver  spoons;  to  Maud,  his  wife,  folding  table  etc.  To  William 
Baranebroke  a  pair  of  sheets  etc.  To  the  servant  of  the  late  John 
Gerveys,  a  smock  etc.  To  Robert — all  that  belonged  to  William  late 
my  son,  deceased.    To  William  Smyth  a  pair  of  drinking  pots. 

Other  bequests  to  John  Bedman,  John  Hore,  to  Alice  late  my  servant 
to  the  mending  of  the  roads  near  Mylford,  to  Edith  lately  wife  of  John 
Attwode,  to  Joan  wife  of  John  Hore,  to  John  Palmer,  to  John  Helyer, 
to  Robert  Helyer,  to  John  Stephens,  to  William  Nessingwyke,  and  to 
John  Moone. 

Residuary  Legatees  and  Executors — William  Nessyngwyke  and  John 
Moone. 

Witnesses  :— Master  Hugh  Wolflf,  priest  of  the  parish  Church  of  S. 
Edmund,  aforesaid,  Richard  Billion,  gent,  Margaret,  my  wife  and  many 
others. 

Proved :— 20  November  1475  by  Mr.  William  Nessyngwyke,  one  of 
the  executors,  in  the  person  of  John  Newton,  his  attorney,  to  whom 
administration  was  granted  of  one  part  of  the  goods  of  the  deceased  ; 
and  the  same  day  admon  of  the  other  part  was  granted  to  Mr.  Nicholas 
Godefrith,  bachelor  of  laws. 

Will  of  Margaret  Brente,  Widow 
Dated  29  October  1474,  proved  27  January  1474 

I  desire  to  be  buried  in  the  church  of  S.  Edmund,  New  Sarum,  next 
my  husband. 

I  bequeath  to  the  High  Altar  for  my  tithes  forgotten  2od, 

To  the  Mother  Church  of  Sarum  \2d. 

To  the  founding  of  a  great  canapy  one  ^brazen  mortar  weighing  63 
pounds. 

To  John  Palmer  six  silver  spoons.  To  the  parish  preist  i2</.  To 
Thomas  Tomysyn  2od.  To  Elena  Makmete  my  gilded  girdle  etc.  To 
Joan  Sampson  a  girdle.  To  Joan  Waring  a  cloak  furred.  To  Robert 
Waryn,  my  (filiolo)  grandson,  a  cloak  etc.  To  John  Cristyan  one  nap- 
kin. To  Agnes  Waryn  a  pair  of  "preculae.'*  To  the  High  Altar  of 
S.  Andrews  a  chest.    Other  bequests  for  the  "  health  of  my  soul." 

Residuary  Legatees  and  Executors  : — Philip  Marsh  and  John  Samp- 
son. 

Witnesses  :  — Dom :  Thomas  Thomyson,  John  Cristyan,  John  Mak- 
mett,  and  Thomas  Thame,  etc. 

Proved  :— 27  January  1474,  by  Philip  Marsh,  one  of  the  executors. 

Will  of  William  Brent, 
Of  Kenyll,  dated  7  May  1494,  proved  i  June  1494. 
I  bequeath  to  the  Cathredral  church  of  Sarum  12^.,  to  the  church   of 
A.ystone  2od.    To  the  church  of  S.  Martin  at  Bishops   Kyngesbury  6s. 
8d.  for  my  soul,  and  the  souls  of  my  parents. 
(Other  bequests  follow  to  the  above  churches.) 


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GENEALOGY.  441 

I  bequeath  to  Edith  Mylle,  a  girdle,  etc.  To  Robert  Lucas  my  best 
gown  etc.  To  William  Lucas  my  .second  best  gown  etc.  To  Maud 
Lucas  a  **nutte."  Bequests  to  John  Lucas,  senior,  son  ol  my  wife,  to 
John  Lucas  his  brother,  to  Walter  Lucas  their  brother ;  to  Avillin  Ban- 
ister, my  son  {sic.)  To  William  Gylbard  of  Stepalharston  my  son  {sic) 
and  to  all  my  grandchildren  (jUio/is)  in  the  parish  ot  Knell  i2d. 

Residuary  Legatees  and  Executors  :— Agnes,  my  wife. 

Witnesses : — William  Lane,  Robert  Lucas,  Walter  Atwoode,  John 
Harrys,  Nicholas  Pedyll,  and  many  others. 

Proved  : — i  June  1494,  by  Robert  Donof,  attorney  of  Agnes  the  relict 
and  executor  named. 

Note. — Filiolus — a  little  son.  Theie  is  nothing  here  to  show  whether 
filiolus  means  godson  or  grandson. 

(to  be  continued.) 


THE  MALLORY  FAMILY. 
(continued.  ) 
L     John"  Mallory,  eldest  son. 

II.  Christopher",  who  was  buried  in  Ripon  Minster  on  July  2nd,  1598. 

He  came  to  an  untimely  end.  According  to  a  letter  from  Queen 
Elizabeth,  preserved  among  the  Johnston  MSS  at  Campsall,  it 
appears  that  young  Mallory  had  been  in  attendance  upon  his 
father  in  Ireland,  and  that,  as  he  was  returning  home,  was  mur- 
dered, whilst  riding  on  the  highway,  by  Michael  Cubbadge,  ser- 
vant to  Sir  Edward  York,  and  a  person  of  the  name  of  Johnson, 
who  was  indicted  ( Catalogue  of  Hist.  MSS,  VI,  450.) 

III.  George,*  who  was  married  at  Ripon,  Oct.  19,  1603,  to  Frances  Daw- 

son. He  lived  at  Hollin  Close  and  was  intered  in  the  minster  on 
July  7,  1615.  The  following  is  an  abstract  of  his  will :  **8June, 
16 1 5.  George  Mallorie  of  Hollin  Close,  neere  Ripon,  esquier. 
To  be  buried  in  the  Collegiate  church  of  Ripon,  neere  the  place 
on  the  south  side  where  my  ancestors  have  beene  usually  buried. 
To  Frances,  my  wife,  my  right  in  the  Mannor  of  Raynton  and  my 
tythes  of  Raynton,  Assienby,  alias  Agenby,  and  Newby  in  as 
ample  a  manner  as  Sr.  William  Mallorie,  knt.,  my  late  father  had 
them,  nevertheless  my  will  is  that  if  my  loving  nephie,  William 
Mallorie,  esq.,  shall  secure  to  the  said  Frances  or  her  ex' rs  the 
sum  of  ^78.3.4,  yearly  he  shall  have  them.  I  give  /'6.3.4  to  be 
lent  from  year  to  year  forever  to  some  twoe  poore  tradesmen  of 
Rippon  on  securitie,  and  after  as  my  wief  during  herliefe  with  the 
consent  of  the  little  deane  or  prebendarie  residensarie  shall  think 
fitt  and  after  as  tbe  deane  or  prebendarie  residensarie  together 
with  the  consent  of  the  overseers  of  the  poore  shall  lyke  of.  The 
residue  to  my  wiefe,  in  token  of  my  unfeyned  love  to  her.  The 
ex'r  and  my   trustie  and  well   beloved  brother,  John  Legard, 


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442  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Addressed  **To  the  right  honorable  my  very  good  Lo.  the  lo« 
Burleighe  Lo.  treasurer  of  Inglande  gyve  these." 

Endorsed  by  L*d  Burligh  Sec'y  CLXXXII,  8  July,  1594,  S'r 
Wm.  Mai  lory  to  my  L.  His  suppicion  y't  his  sonne  Robert 

Mallory  is  become  papist  beyond  ye  seas.     Prayes  your  L*p 
order  for  his  stay. 

VI.  Peter  baptized  at  Ripon,  April  16,  1576. 

VII.  Francis. 

VIII.  Joan,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Lascelles,  of  Brakenburgh  near  Thirsk. 

IX.  Anne,  second  wife  of  Sir  Hugh  Bethell,  of  EUerton. 

X.  Dorathy,  married  Edward  Copley,  of  Batley,  esq. 

XI.  Eleanor,  married  Sir  Robert  Djlman,  of  Pocklington,  226.  Sept., 

'579.  and  died  May,  1623. 

XII.  Julian. 

XIII.  Elizabeth,  bap.  ist  Oct.,  1573  or  1574,  married  John  Legard,  of 

Canton,  esq.,  and  died  June  21,  1627. 

XIV.  Frances. 

Sir  John"  Mallory,  of  Studley  and  Hutton,  knt.,  eldest  son  and 
heir,  was  appointed  in  1599,  and  1602,  a  member  of  the  Council  of  the 
North.  He  served  in  parliament  as  a  member  for  Thirsk  in  1601  and  for 
Ripon  in  1603.  He  sold  the  manor  of  Trefforth  and  his  part  of  the 
manor  of  Washington.  He  married  first,  Anne,  daughter  of  William, 
Lord  Eur 5,  of  Witton  Castle,  Durham,  by  Margaret,*  daughter  of  Sir 
Edward  Dymoke.  of  Scrivelsby,  knt.  Of  his  children  the  following 
may  be  noticed  here  : 
I.         William**  Mallory,  son  and  heir. 

III.  Christopher,"  bap.  Sept.,  i,  1580.  About  this  person  there  are 
some  curious  notices  in  the  State  Papers  of  the  Time  of  Charles 
I.  He  was  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  in  the  month  of  August 
1628,  was  arrested  on  the  Tower  Wharf  in  London,  whilst 
looking  curriously  at  the  ordinance.  He  was  charged  also  with 
inducing  a  Mr.  Lancaster,  a  Londoner,  to  leave  his  property  in 
trust  for  the  benefit  of  the  Carthusian  Monastaries  of  Mechlin 
and  Newport.  Soon  after,  the  strange  story  crops  up  that 
Mallory  has  acted  in  a  play  at  the  house  of  Sir  John  York,  of 
Goulthwaite,  in  Yorkshire,  a  convert  of  popery.  It  is  gravely 
Slated  that  Mallory  acted  the  part  of  the  devil,  and  in  that 
character  carried  off  King  James  on  his  back  to  a  supposed 
hell,  alleging  that  all  Protestants  were  damned.  When  Mal- 
lory speaks  for  himself  he  denies  all  share  in  the  play,  or  in 
the  affair  of  Mr.  Lancaster.  He  describes  himself  as  of  Ripon 
and  says  that  he  had  come  over  to  England  for  his  health  after 
residing  for  twenty-two  years  in  the  Archduchess's  Country 


♦  A  sister  of  this  lady  was  grandmother  of  George  Read,  of  Virginia. 


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GENEALOGY.  443 

esquire,  supervisor.  Witnesses  :  William  Mallorie,  George  Daw- 
son, Chr.  Lyndall,  Thos.  Smith,  Pr.  5  Oct.,  1615,  Adm.  to  Ex." 
KReg,  Test.  Ebor.,  XXXIII.  675) 

IV.  Thotnas^^  afterwards  Dean  of  Chester.     See  later. 

V.  Robert,  about  whom  nothing  is  known  save  the  information  con- 

tained in  the  following  letter,  (Lansdowne  MS,  77,)  which  shows 
that  all  Sir  William's  care  could  not  prevent  one  at  least  of  his 
children  from  deserting  his  faith. 

"My  verye  good  L.,  as  I  have  alwaies  founde  your  honorable 
favors  towards  me  which  makes  me  boulder  att  this  tyme,  to  im- 
part onto  your  Lo'p  a  cause  that  greves  me  very  much;  w'ch  is 
this  my  good  Lo'p,  one  of  my  sonnes  called  Robert  Mallorie, 
whom  I  did  seeke  to  plaice  in  Lincoln's  Inn,  where  he  haythe 
continewed  a  studente  since  Mychilmasse  last  was  tow  years  in 
w'ch  tyme  (tyll  now  or  layte)  I  was  in  great  hope  he  would  halve 
reaped  some  good  frewtee  of  his  travell,  the  whiche  I  was  rayther 
indewced  to  believe  through  the  commendations  of  my  good 
frende  Mr.  Rokesby  and  dyvers  others  of  my  acquayntance  in 
that  plaice  but  my  sonne-in-law  Haughe  Bethel  being  att  Lon- 
donne  all  the  last  tearme,  did  dyvers  tymes  repaire  unto  his 
chamber  but  could  not  att  any  tyme  meet  wythe  him;  whearupon 
he  did  enquire  alter  him  of  the  stewarde  of  the  house  whoe  gayve 
him  to  understand  that  he  thoght  him  to  be  corned  downe  into 
the  countrye  for  that  he  had  soulde  the  intereste  w'ch  he  had  jn 
his  chamber  and  had  put  himselfe  forthe  of  Commons.  At  the 
same  tyme,  my  sonne  Bethell  was  hear  wythe  me  acquayntinge 
me  wythe  soe  muche  as  he  knewe,  I  receyved  this  letter  hear  in- 
closed from  a  sonne  of  myn,  who  haythe  contenewed  this  ten 
yeares  a  student  in  Cambridge.  In  consideringe  whereof,  y*t 
maikes  me  greatlye  to  feare,  that  my  sonne  Roberte,  should  be 
carryed  awaye  from  that  which  of  all  things  I  was  most  cairfull 
to  bringe  him,  and  al  the  rest  to  the  trew  knowledge  of  whiche  is 
the  trew  proposion  of  the  gospell  of  Jesus  Christe.  Whearfor 
synce  he  is  downe  into  the  countrye,  neyther  havinge  hearde  any 
thinge  from  him  of  layt,  these  causes  maikes  me  greatlye  feare, 
that,  seeing  he  haythe  forgotten  his  dewtye  to  Gode,  that  he  may 
taike  that  course,  whiche  may  prove  an  utter  undoing  to  himselfe, 
and  a  great  discomfort  to  me  his  father :  Whearfor  y't  yt  would 
please  your  good  Lo'p  to  dow  me  that  speciale  favore,  as  that 
yf  anye  means  might  be  maid  to  staye  him  for  the  passage  into 
daungers,  your  lordship  should  thereby  maik  me  bounde  unto 
you  for  ever :  This  humblye  recommendinge  my  whole  service 
to  your  Lordshippe  I  talk  my  leave  :  Ilewton  parke,  this  Vlllth 
of  Julye  [1594.] 

Your  lordship  ever  to  Commande. 

W.  Mallorve." 


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444  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

[Flanders].     He  seems  to  have  been  detained  some  little  time 
in  prison. 

VIII.  Edward,"  baptized  June  lo,  1596.  In  1622  a  Sir  Edward  Mallory 
of  Yorkshire  was  committed  to  the  Tower,  where  he  remained 
for  some  eight  months.  The  "Country''  opposed  his  arrest  and 
many  would  have  accompanied  him  if  they  had  been  allowed 
to  do  so.  The  nature  of  his  offence  is  unknown. 
It  is  not  known  when  Sir  John^^  died ;  but  in  the  published  poems 

(4  to,  162 1)  of  John  Ashmore,  master  of  Ripon  school,  are  two  which 

refer  to  him. 

To  Sir  John  Mallorv,  Knight,  After   His  Recovery  From  A 
Great  Sickness. 
"Of  late,  when  sickness  on  thy  limbs  did  seize 
Which  physick's  skill  could  nothing  help  or  ease, 
And  with  an  Habeas  Corpus  death  was  preset 
With  Non  OmiitaB  reddy  the  t'arrest 
Each  corner  of  thy  house  was  fil'd  with  wo 
And  sense  distracting  grief  ran  to  and  fro 
Which  heard,  the  cry  o'th'  poor  about  thy  gates 
So  sh'akt  the  doors  of  adamantime  fates. 
That  by  their  page  th*  a  Supersedeas  sent 
To  death,  to  shew  th'  altered  their  intent. 
For,  if  we  take  him,  one  of  them  did  say 
How  many  will  with  hunger  pine  away  !'* 

When  Sir  John  died  the  same  poet  broke  out  into  Latin  verse  in  the 
form  of  a  Dialogue  between  tlie  Ure  and  the  Skelle  [in  Yorkshire]  be- 
wailing the  decease.  Of  this  there  is  an  English  version.  The  first 
three  stanzas  of  the  Latin  are  as  follows : 

Ur.     Die  mihi  Skelle  precor^  solitus  qui  te  dare  nobis 
Laetum^  cur  subito  solvens  in  lacrymas  ? 
An  tibi  quis  liquidas  iurbairit  flu  mine  lymphas 
An  diltcta  tibi  Nympha  proterva  fuitf 
Sk.     Non  hoc  aut  illud :  gravior  me  causa  fatigii 
Nostraque  sollicito  corda  dolor e  premit. 
Nonne  tibi  nota  est  Comtnnis  causa  doloris  f 
Nonne  Malorei  funera  nota  tibi  f 
U R .    An  Malaoreus  obit  f  Pa rcae potuere  feroces 
Talis,  et  heu  tanti,  sumpere  fila  viri  f 
An  Malaoretis  obit  f    Fatorum  O  ferrea  jura! 
Et  nunquam  {heu  /)  satiata  Ma/is .'" 

Willi a.m"  Mallorv,  Esq.,  of  Studley  and  Hutton,  eldest  son  and 
heir,  was  five  years  old  at  the  Herald's  Visitation  in  1585.  He  was  M. 
P.  for  Ripon  in  six  Parliaments  between  1614  and  1640.     He  married 


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GENEALOGY.  445 

Alice*,  daughter  of  Sir  James  Bellingham,  of  Over  Levens,  by  Agnes, 
daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Curwen,  of  Workington.  He  was  buried  in 
Ripon  Minster,  March  4. 1645-6.    His  3d,  but  surviving  son  and  heir  was  : 

Sir  John"  Mallory,  knt,  Mf.  P.  for  Ripon  1640.  He  was  also 
Colonel  of  a  regiment  of  dragoons  and  of  the  Train  Band  Foot  Regi- 
ments of  the  Wapentakes  of  Staincliflfe  and  Ewecross  in  the  West 
Riding.  He  took  an  active  part  in  the  Civil  War,  and  performed  several 
efficient  services  for  the  King.  As  governor  of  Skipton  Castle  he  held 
that  fortress  three  years.  He  died  at  Studley  and  was  buried  at  Ripon 
Minster,  Jan.  24,  1655-6.  He  had  been  obliged  by  Parliament  to  pay  a 
composition  of  j£2,2ig.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Moseley, 
Esq.,  of  York.  His  only  son,  William'*  Mallory,  died  unmarried  in 
1666. 

Sir  John's  second  daughter,  Mary**,  born  1640,  married  Mr.  George 
Aislabie.  of  York,  and  became  the  heiress  of  the  estates. 

Mr.  Aislabie  came  to  his  end  in  1674  ^^  a  very  unfortunate  manner. 
Miss  Mallory,  his  wife's  sister,  had  been  to  a  party  at  the  Duke  ol 
Buckingham's  house  on  Bishophill  (York),  at  the  close  of  which,  she 
was  escorted  home  to  her  brother-in-law  Aislabie's  house,  by  Mr. 
Jonathan  Jenings,  brother  of  Sir  Edmund  Jenings  of  Ripon.  By  some 
mischance  they  could  not  get  in,  and  so  Mr.  Jenings  was  obliged  to  lake 
the  lady  to  the  residence  of  his  brother-in-law.  Dr.  Watkinson.  On  the 
following  day  Jenings  told  Aislabie  that  it  was  hard  Sir  John  Mallory's 
daughter  must  wait  at  George  Aislabie's  gates  and  not  be  admitted.  This 
produced  a  quarel  and  a  challenge,  and  the  two  met  at  Penley  Croft, 
close  to  the  city,  the  signal  of  the  meeting  being  the  ringing  of  the 
Minster  bell  to  prayers  on  a  good  Sunday  morning.  Mr.  Aislabie  was 
killed.  An  account  of  the  transaction  was  left  by  Oliver  Hey  wood,  the 
nonconformist,  in  his  Diary,  and  the  original  depositions  referring  to  it 
have  been  published  by  the  Surtees  Society.  No  event  in  Yorkshire  in 
the  latter  half  of  that  century  caused  so  great  a  sensation.  Mr.  Jenings 
was  influential  enough  to  obtain  his  pardon  from  the  King,  but  it  was 
long  before  the  incident  was  forgotten.  Jenings  was  afterwards  knighted 
and  prepared  for  publication  a  tract  entitled  "Naked  Truth,"  to  vindi- 
cate his  character  from  the  slur  the  duel  had  thrown  upon  it,  but  it 
never  went  through  the  press.  Sir  Jonathan  Jenings  was  the  uncle  of 
Edmund  Jenings,  Governor  of  Va.  ( l^a.  Mag,  History  and  Big. 
XII,  308.) 

THE  BROOKE  FAMILY  OF  VIRGINIA. 
(By  Prof.  St.  George  Tucker  Brooke,  Morgantown,  W.  Va.) 

(TO   BE   CONTINUED.) 

(IV)  Benjamin  Morris  Francisco,  Physician  and  Farmer,  m.  ist,  Mary 
♦A  sister  of  this  lady  was  mother  of  William  Claiborne  ol  Virginia. 


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446  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Lawrence  of  Louisa  county,  Va.;  issue,  Henry  Lawrence,  killed  ist 
battle  Manassas;  m.  2nd,  Anne  Goodwin  of  Louisa  Co.,  Va.;  issue, 
Fannie  Brooke,  Kate,  Benj.  M.,  Willie,  Mattie,  John  C.  Calhoun. 

(I)  Susan  Brooke  Francisco  and  Col.  Edward  Pescud  had  issue; 

I  Peter  Francisco  Pescud,  m.  Mary  Israel  Wilson.  2,  Norbome 
Spotswood  Pescud  (never  married).  3,  Robert  Brooke  Pescud  (never 
married).  4,  Catherine  Fauntleroy  Pescud,  m.  Jan.  1855,  Jonathan 
White  Albertson,  of  Hertford  Pesquimans  County,  N.  C.  5,  Marceline 
Armita  Pescud,  m.  George  Washington  Gatling  of  Gatesville,  Gates 
County,  N.  C,  May  ist  1855,  died  Prince  George  County,  Va.,  Oct.  30, 
1904,  aged  77  years. 

The  following  is  a  newspaper  obituary  : 

Petersburg,  Va.,  Oct.  30.— Mr.  George  Washington  Gatling,  one  of 
the  most  prominent  citizens  of  Prince  George,  died  at  his  home  in  that 
county  this  afternoon  at  2  o'clock  after  a  protracted  illness.  He  was  a 
native  of  Gates  county.  North  Carolina,  and  was  77  years  old.  He  is 
survived  by  four  sons  and  one  daughter.  One  of  his  sons,  George  W. 
Gatling  is  a  prominent  druggist  of  Norfolk. 

I.  Peter  Francisco  Pescud  and  Mary  Israel  Wilson  had  issue  :  (a) 
Susap  Brooke  Pescud,  m.  Wm.  F.  Craig  of  Marion  N.  C,  (issue,  Margie 
Craig,  d.  y.,  William  Pescud  Craig);  (b)  John  Shaw  Pescud,  Lieut.  C.  S. 
Army  aged  16,  m.  Isabella  Hinton  of  Raleigh  N.  C,  issue :  Jennie, 
Mary  Hinton,  m.  Percy  P.  Lynch  of  New  Orleans  (issue  Peter  Fran- 
cisco, Percy  P.  Jr;  Isabelle);  (c)  Peter  Francisco  Pescud  m.  Margaret 
Maginnis,  of  New  Orleans,  June  13,  1883,  (no  issue);  (d)  Jennie  Pescud 
d.  y.;  (e)  Edward  Pescud  d.  1895,  unmarried  ;  (f)  Mollie  Israel  Pescud, 
unmarried. 

(4)  Catherine  Fauntleroy  Pescud  and  Jonathan  White  Albertson,  had 
issue  (a)  Susan  Brooke  Albertson,  d.  y.;  (b)  Jonathan  White  Albertson, 
m.  Bertha  Hamilton  Vaughan,  of  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C,  Dec.  28,  1888  ; 
(c)  Marceline  Pescud  Albertson  ;  (d)  Judge  Robert  Brooke  Albertson. 
of  Seattle,  Wash.,  m.  Aug.  24,  1892,  Nancy  Beverley  De  Wolfe,  of 
Seattle,  Wash.;  (e)  Rebeka  Albertson;  (f )  Catherine  Fauntleroy  Albert- 
son  ;  (g)  Thomas  Edward  Albertson. 

5.  Marceline  Armita  Pescud  and  George  Washington  Gatling  had 
issue  :  (a)  Edward  Brooke  Gatling  m.  Birdie  Bibee;  (b)  William  Faunt- 
leroy Galling  m.,  1889,  Fannie  Clarendon  Hubert  of  Charleston  S.  C, 
issue,  Hubert  Rathbone  Gatling,  1890,  and  Annie  Jayne  Gatling,  1894  ; 
(c)  Peter  Francisco  Gatling  m.  Pearl  McGowan,  issue  John  Gatling  ;  (d) 
Catherine  Fauntleroy  Gatling,  d,  y.;  (e)  Daisy  Gatling  d.  y.;  (0  Norbome 
Spotswood  Gatling,  m.  Margare  Payne,  of  Amherst,  Va. 

(II)  Catherine  Brooke  Francisco  and  Dandrige  Spotswood  had  issue. 
(1)  William  Francisco  Spotswood,  b.  Feb.  16,  1827,  d.  April  13,  1895,  ^. 
Isabella  Matoaco  Dunlop,  dau.  of  James  Dunlop,  of  Petensburg,  Va., 
whose  wife  was  Isabella  Lenox  Maitland  of  N.  Y;  (2)  Joseph  Edwin 


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BOOK    REVIEWS.  447 

Spotswood,  m.  Lucy  Cooper;  (3)  Eliza  Robinson  Spotswood,  b.  Aug. 
2,  1840,  m.  Nov.  13,  i860,  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  Frederick  Nash  Strud- 
wick  of  Hillsboro  N.  C;  (4)  Alexander  S.  d.  y.;  (5)  Peter  F:  d.  y.;  (6) 
Benjamin  M.,  d.  y.,  (7)  Rosa  Brooke  Spotswood  b.  Jan.  17, 1836,  d.  Aug. 
9,  1901;  (8)  Alexander  Elliott  b.  June  2,  182 1,  Petersburg,  Va.,  d.  Nov. 
21,  1834;  (9)  Dandridge  Rowzie,  b.  Oct.,  12, 1823,  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  d. 
Sept..  I,  1830;  (10)  Alexander  Dandridge  Spotswood.  b.  July  18,  1838,  d. 
July  9,  1840. 

(f )  William  Francisco  Spotswood  and  Isabella  Matoaco  Dunlop  bad 
issue  ;  (a)  Dandridge  Spotswood,  180  Broadway  N.  Y.,  m.  June  20,  1904, 
Catherine  Franciska  Wolff,  dau.  of  Dr.  Lawrence  Wolff,  of  Phila- 
delphia, who  was  b.  in  Bavaria  and  was  s.  of  Baron  von  Wolff;  (b) 
Alexander  Spotswood,  of  San  Francisco,  m.  May  21,  1903,  Edna 
Mallagh,  of  San  Louis  Obispo,  Cal;  (c)  Francisco  Spotswood  ;  (d)Calin 
McKenzie  Dunlop  Spotswood ;  (e)  Martha  Bogle  Dunlop  Spotswood, 
(other  children  d.  y.) 

(TO    BE  CONTINUED.) 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 


An  Introduction  to  The  Records  of  the  Virginia  Company 
OF  London.  With  a  Bibliographical  List  of  the  Extant  Docu- 
ments. By  Susan  M.  Kingsbury,  A.  M.,  Ph.  D.,  Instructor  in  His- 
tory, Vassar  College.  Library  of  Congress,  Washington,  Govern- 
ment Printing  Office,  1905,  pp.  214. 

Enthusiasm  is  not  a  term  that  can  usually  be  used  with  propriety  in 
regard  to  the  feeling  which  is  produced  by  reading  the  introduction  to 
a  bulky  historical  document.  Here,  however,  to  the  true  student  of  the 
colonial  history  of  America  in  general  and  of  Virginia  in  particular,  no 
other  word  would  seem  to  suit.  Miss  Kingsbury's  masterly  essay  is 
so  full  of  learning,  so  full  of  just  the  things  that  the  student  has  wanted, 
but  did  not  know  how  to  get,  that  he  is  bound  to  feel  the  keenest  sense 
of  appreciation. 

With  natural  capacity  of  a  high  order  and  with  thorough  training  for 
her  work.  Miss  Kingsbury  has  investigated  in  the  most  thorough  and 
scholarly  manner  the  history  and  records  of  the  Virginia  Company,  of 
London,  and  of  all  cognate  documents  which  were  to  be  found  in  Eng- 
land and  Am  3rica,  and  the  result  has  been  a  marvelous  increase  in  our 
knowledge  of  the  documentary  sources  of  the  period. 

It  is  sincerely  regretted  that  limations  of  space  prevent  anything  like 
a  full  appreciation  of  her  work  in  this  magazine,  but  a  general  idea  of 
the  contents  of  the  introduction  may  be  given. 


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448  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

The  first  section  treats  of  the  character  of  the  Virginia  Company  with 
a  comparison  of  this  organization  with  the  earlier  movements  for  dis- 
covery and  trade  and  concludes  with  a  statement  of  the  importance  of 
the  records  of  the  Company. 

The  next  division  treats  of  the  records  of  the  Company  under  Sir 
Thomas  Smythe  with  such  sub-divisions  as  Organization  of  the  Com- 
pany under  the  Charter  of  1606;  change  in  character  from  1606  to  1609, 
and  classes,  character  and  value  of  the  records. 

The  third  section  gives  an  account  of  the  various  collections  of  docu- 
ments, 1616-1624  which  exist  in  England  and  America  and  a  valuable 
description  of  what  they  are. 

The  records  of  the  Company  under  the  Sandys— Southampton  ad- 
ministration form  the  subject  of  the  fourth  section,  and  here  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Company,  methods  of  procedure,  record  books  provided 
by  the  Company,  the  extant  records  (the  two  volumes  now  in  the 
Library  of  Congress),  the  extant  supplementary  records  and  the  value 
of  all  of  these  documents  receive  full  and  scholarly  investigation. 

The  last  section  of  the  introduction  proper  is  devoted  to  the  fate  of 
the  original  records  of  the  Company.  The  appendices  include  a,  most 
valuable  bibliographical  list  of  764  documents  relating  to  Virginia 
covering  the  period  from  1606  to  1625,  and  also  a  list  of  printed  works 
and  of  authorities  cited. 

This  resume,  of  course,  gives  but  a  faint  and  meagre  idea  of  the 
value  of  Miss  Kingsbury's  work.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  it  is 
absolutely  indispensible  to  all  students  of  our  early  history,  and  is  a 
most  worthy  prologue  to"  the  records  of  the  Virginia  Company  which 
the  Library  of  Congress  now  has  in  the  press. 

Though  a  minute  examination  has  not  been  possible,  several  slips 
have  been  noticed.  George  Ruggles  is  called  Rugh\  and  Sir  John 
Zouch  almost  always  styled  Lord  Zouch.  No.  39  in  the  list  of  records 
is  not  published  in  the  Virginia  Historical  Magazine,  IV.  28-29,  and 
the  abstract  of  the  letter  of  Argall,  which  is  printed  there,  is  dated  June 
9th,  not  7th.  The  commi.ssion  to  William  Craddock  (No.  65  of  the  list) 
is  given  in  full  in  the  Randolph  MSS,  Va.  Hist.  Society,  and  is  printed 
in  the  Magazine  IV,  29.  The  references  in  the  list  under  42-52,  55-57, 
"see  remarks  under  40,"  should  evidently  refer  to  the  remarks  under  39. 

The  exact  meaning  of  "Kingsbury  Rec.  Va.  CofPtpany  II,"  is  not 
exactly  clear.  It  would  naturally  be  presumed  that  it  is  the  intention  of 
the  Library  of  Congress  to  publish  a  supplementary  volume  of  records, 
which,  like  the  Company  books,  will  be  edited  by  Miss  Kingsbury,  but 
constantly  throughout  the  list  of  records  published  with  this  introduction, 
we  find  items  prefixed  by  a  mark  which,  it  is  stated,  indicates  that  "the 
document  is  reproduced  in  the  present  collection.*'  In  a  number  of  in- 
stances, however,  this  mark  does  not  precede  a  title  which  is  followed 


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BOOK    REVIEWS.  449 

by  * 'Kingsbury  Rec,    Va,  Company^  II."    We  presume  that  the  omis- 
sion was  simply  an  inadvertance. 

Maryland  Historical  Magazine.  Published  by  the  Maryland  His- 
torical Society  for  subscribers.  Issued  quarterly.  Annual  sub- 
scription, I3.00;  single  numbers,  75  cents.  Vol.  I,  No.  i,  March, 
1906,  Baltimore,  for  sale  at  the  Athenaeum  Building,  St.  Paul  and 
Saratoga  Sts. 

A  general  and  hearty  welcome  will  greet  this  new  venture  of  the 
Maryland  Historical  Society;  but  nowhere  should  the  welcome  be  quite 
as  warm  as  among  us  here  in  Virginia.  Our  political  and  family  his- 
tories have  always  been  so  closely  associated  that  but  little  can  be  said 
of  Maryland  which  is  not  of  interest  to  Virginia. 

Maryland  is  very  fortunate  in  having  its  public  records  to  a  great 
extent,  provided  for  in  that  model  series  of  Archives  which  the  State 
publishes  through  the  agency  of  the  Historical  Society.  There  is  there- 
fore ample  reason  for  the  existence  of  a  medium  for  the  publication  of 
more  disconnected  documents  and  of  original  historical  papers  and  con- 
tributions to  genealogy.  The  State  Historical  Society  is  of  course  the 
proper  body  to  conduct  such  a  publication  and  in  this  its  initial  number 
has  made  a  happy  beginning.  That  its  editorial  direction  will  be 
everything  it  should  be  is  assured  by  the  fact  that  Dr.  William  Hand 
Browne  is  the  editor. 

The  table  of  contents  for  the  present  number  is  as  follows  :  Saluta- 
tory; Early  County  Seats  of  Baltimore  County,  by  Judge  Albert  Ritchie; 
A  Pirate  in  the  Chesapeake  Bay,  by  Henry  F.  Thompson;  Baltimore 
and  its  Defences,  by  Gen.  W.  P.  Craighill;  Unpublished  Letters  of 
Washington;  Migrations  of  Baltimore  Town,  by  Rev.  G.  A.  Leakin;  The 
Tuesday  Club,  of  Annapolis;  The  Brooke  Family,  by  Dr.  Christopher 
Johnston;  Notes  and  Queries;  and  Report  of  Annual  Meeting  of  Mary- 
land Historical  Society.  Mr.  Thompson's  article  is  of  special  interest 
to  Virginians,  as  it  gives  a  minute  account  derived  from  hitherto  un- 
known sources  of  the  actions  of  a  pirate  off  the  Capes  and  in  the  Bay 
in  the  year  1700,  and  of  the  final  destruction  of  the  corsair  after  a  hotly 
contested  fight  with  his  Majesty's  ship  Shoreham. 

The  Magazine  is  handsomely  printed  on  good  paper  and  is  in  every 
way  a  credit  to  the  Society.  It  should  receive  wide  support  both  in 
and  out  of  Maryland. 

The  Mississippi  Territorial  Archives  1798-1803.  Executive 
Journals  of  Governor  Winthrop  Sargent  and  Governor 
William  Charles  Cole  Claiborne.  Compiled  and  edited  by 
Dunbar  Rowland,  Director,  Mississippi  Department  of  Archives 
and  History.  Vol.  I.  Nashville,  1905,  pp.  VIII,  615. 
As  in  the  case  of  Maryland  we  have  here  again  to  welcome  a  new  de- 
parture in  historical  publication.    The  accomplished  Director  of  the 


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450  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

Department  of  Archives  and  History  of  Mississippi  has  in  this  volume 
admirably  begun  the  publication  of  the  records  of  his  State. 

The  Executive  Journals  and  the  Letters  of  the  gubernatorial  admin- 
istrations of  Winthrop  Sargent  and  W.  C.  C.  Claiborne  constitute  fun- 
damental and  indispensable  documents  for  the  early  history  of  Mississippi, 
and  must  be  studied  by  all  historians  whose  subject  includes  that  State. 

This  volume  is  well  printed  and  of  course  well  edited,  but  might  have 
a  more  exhaustive  index.  It  is  illustrated  with  portraits  of  the  two 
Governors. 

This  volume  will  be  succeeded  by  others  which  will  contain  territorial 
archives,  and  documents  relating  to  the  history  of  Mississippi  of  earlier 
and  later  dates. 

Americans  of  1776,  by  James  Schouler.  New  York,  Dodd,  Mead 
and  Co.,  1906,  pp.  XIII,  317. 

It  is  solely  due  to  the  fact  that  this  book  reached  us  just  on  the  eve 
of  the  publication  of  this  number  of  the  Magazine  that  a  more  exten- 
sive notice  of  it  is  not  given. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  say  that  an  original  study  of  life  and  manners, 
social,  industrial  and  political  for  the  Revolutionary  period  by  Mr. 
Schouler  must  be  of  great  interest  and  value.  In  the  absence  of  time 
in  which  to  make  an  examination  of  the  volume  we  regretfully  have 
to  confine  our  notice  to  giving  a  list  of  chapter  titles.  These  will  show 
how  varied  and  attractive  the  contents  of  the  book  are. 

The  chapters  are  as  follows  : 

I.  The  Thirteen  Colonies  and  their  People.  2.  Freemen  and  Bonds- 
men. 3.  Crimes  and  Disorders.  4.  Births.  Marriages  and  Deaths.  5. 
Houses  and  Homes.  6.  The  Casualties  of  Life.  7.  The  Three  Public 
Vocations.  8.  Dress  and  Diet.  9.  Recreations  and  Amusements.  10. 
Colonial  Literature.  11.  Colonial  press.  12.  The  fine  Arts.  13.  Phil- 
anthrophy  and  Disease.  14.  Common  School  Education.  15.  Colleges 
and  the  Higher  Education.  16.  Religious  Influences.  17.  Libraries 
and  Clubs.  18.  Industrial  Pursuits.  19.  Provincial  Politics.  20. 
Symptoms  of  Independence. 

Maryland  Calendar  of  Wills,  compiled  and  edited  by  Jane 
Baldwin  (Jane  Baldwin  Cotton).  Wills  from  1685-1702.  Vol. 
II.     Kohn  and  Pollock,  Publishers.     Boston,  1906,  pp.  252,  LXXV. 

We  are  glad  to  note  the  appearance,  after  a  considerable  interval,  of 
the  second  volume  of  this  very  excellent  calendar  of  Maryland  wills. 


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The  Relations  of  Historu  and  Literature. 


AN     ADDRESS 

Bu  WILLIAM  PETERFIELD  TRENT,  A.  M.,  Ph.  D., 

OF  COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITV. 


Deli?ered  before  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Virginia  Historical 
Society,  January  4,  1906. 


Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : 

The  invitation  to  deliver  the  annual  address  before  this 
society  came  to  me  as  a  great  compliment  and  pleasure,  and  also 
as  a  commission  which  there  could  be  no  thought  of  declining. 
As  I  increase  in  age  and  in  prudence,  I  try  to  manage  to  have  a 
theme  for  an  address  before  I  accept  an  invitation  to  speak;  but 
in  this  case  I  broke  my  precautionary  rule,  feeling  that,  if  the 
Historical  Society  of  my  native  State  was  willing  to  hear  me, 
some  sort  of  tutelary  spirit  would  suggest  a  proper  subject  to  me 
before  my  six  months  of  grace  were  completely  over.  As  the 
weeks  went  by,  however,  I  realized  that,  while  my  conduct  in 
one  sense  had  been  dutiful — perhaps,  though  my  lot  has  long  been 
cast  in  other  places,  I  may  still  say  filial — in  another  sense  it  had 
been  very  rash.  No  subject  that  seemed  appropriate  suggested 
itself,  for  the  very  obvious  reason  that,  although  my  university 
training  was  specifically  historical,  my  later  studies  have  chiefly 
lain  in  the  adjacent  fields  of  literary  history  and  criticism. 
Wanderers  who  return  to  their  former  homes  never  have  much 
difficulty  in  holding  forth  about  what  they  themselves  have  seen 
and  done;  if  they  are  wise,  they  seldom  attempt  to  discuss  what 
has  happened  at  home  during  their  absence.  It  is  better  for 
them  to  ask  questions  and  to  listen.  Just  so,  in  all  that  con- 
cerns present  knowledge  and  study  of  Virginia  history,  it  would 
be  better  for  me  to  occupy  a  retired  seat  on  this  floor.  History, 
like  all  other  studies,  is  a  jealous  mistress,  and  in  these  days  of 
special  scholarship  and  of  widespread  interest  in  matters  histor- 
ical and  antiquarian,  it  is  astonishing  how  far,  in  the  short  space 


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452  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

of  a  decade,  a  student  who  has  not  been  heart-whole  in  his  de- 
votion can  drop  behind  his  fellow  workers.  You  will  surely, 
therefore,  in  view  of  what  I  have  said,  expect  from  me  no 
direct  contribution  to  your  valuable  labors  in  the  domain  of  local 
historical  research  and  of  constructive  historical  writing;  nor 
will  you  even  look  for  specific  expert  criticism  of  the  work  you 
have  accomplished. 

But,  while  it  is  true  that,  no  man  or  body  of  men  can  today 
reasonably  expect  to  achieve  much  success  in  any  field  of  activity 
without  a  loyal  and  almost  completely  unswerving  devotion  to 
the  chosen  calling,  it  is  equally  true  that  no  subject  of  human 
inquiry  stands  in  absolute  isolation.  It  follows  that  students  of 
one  branch  of  knowledge  will  occasionally  do  well  to  hear  from 
students  of  cognate  branches  discussions  of  points  lying,  if  I 
may  so  express  it,  in  the  mark  or  boundary  between  the  con- 
tiguous provinces  of  knowledge.  Thus,  for  example,  the  student 
of  history  can  learn  not  a  little  from  the  anthropologist,  the 
archaeologist,  and  the  geographer.  I  hesitate  to  suggest,  for 
reasons  which  will  be  abundantly  clear  as  we  proceed,  that  in 
these  days  of  scientific  history  the  student  of  that  subject  has 
much  to  learn  from  the  student  of  literature;  yet,  as  some  old- 
fashioned  people  still  think  of  history  as  a  branch,  and  a  very 
noble  branch  of  literature,  and  as  even  the  scientific  historians 
themselves  do  not  deny  that  the  alliance  between  history  and 
literature  was  extremely  close  not  a  hundred  years  ago,  I  venture 
to  hope  that  some  remarks  on  the  relations  of  the  two  subjects 
may  not  be  out  of  place  at  this  annual  gathering  of  many  of  those 
Virginians  who  are  interested  in  the  annals  of  their  Mother 
State.  I  cannot  but  think  that  you  are  as  much  concerned  in 
having  the  world  at  large  obtain  an  adequate  acquaintance  with 
the  essential  facts  of  Virginia's  history  as  you  are  in  knowing 
those  facts  yourselves,  and  practically  the  only  knowledge 
of  history  the  general  reader  has  ever  gained,  so  far  as  I  am 
aware,  has  hitherto  been  got  through  the  medium  of  litera- 
ture. I  do  not  myself  believe  that  history  and  literature  can  be 
divorced  without  great  loss  to  both.  At  any  rate,  if  they  have 
already  been  separated,  as  some  historians  tell  us  they  have 
been,  or,  if  they  are  destined  to  be  parted  in  the  near  future,  I 
should  like  to  have  the  privilege,  as  one  who  has  loved  them 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  463 

both  and  tried  to  serve  them  in  a  modest  way,  briefly  to  review 
their  past  and  present  relations  and  to  protest  against  a  hasty 
granting  of  that  decree  of  divorce  which  some  of  my  fellow 
students  of  history  treated  as  an  accomplished  fact  nearly  twenty 
years  ago. 

I  trust  that  my  request  to  be  allowed  this  privilege  would 
not  be  deemed  too  bold  by  any  audience;  I  am  quite  sure  that 
it  will  not  be  so  deemed  here  in  Virginia.  For  we  Virginians, 
who  are  preparing  to  celebrate  the  three  hundredth  anni- 
versary of  the  planting  of  Jamestown,  who  delight  to  recount 
the  romantic  story  and  the  pathetic  fate  of  Pocahontas,  are 
surely  not  insensible  to  the  facts  that  the  age  of  the  heroic  ex- 
plorers and  first  settlers  was  also  the  greatest  creative  epoch  in 
the  literature  of  our  race,  that  George  Sandys  translated  Ovid 
on  the  banks  of  the  river  that  flows  past  our  present  capital, 
that  about  the  time  Captain  John  Smith  was  sending  over  to 
London  the  manuscript  of  his  **True  Relation."  the  first 
English  book  written  on  American  soil,  the  master  dramatist 
.  of  the  world,  at  the  very  height  of  his  powers,  was  depicting 
the  passion,  dire  yet  forever  enrapturing,  of  Antony  and 
Cleopatra.  It  was  a  fascinating  history  and  a  fascinating  litera- 
ture that  were  in  the  making  three  hundred  years  ago,  and 
when  the  student  of  the  one  is  not  also  and  by  that  very  fact 
the  student  of  the  other,  the  two  should  at  least  try  to  meet 
frequently  on  a  common  ground  and  report  to  each  other  their 
experiences. 

But  suppose  our  two  students  thus  meeting  should  accost  each 
other  with  the  very  natural  and  appropriate  questions — What 
is  History  ?  What  is  Literature  ?  Is  it  not  conceivable  that 
their  last  state  might  be  worse  than  their  first?  No  one,  to 
my  knowledge,  has  ever  succeeded  in  satisfactorily  defining 
literature,  and,  to  judge  from  the  numerous  attempts  to  define 
history,  it  is  not  clear  that  a  consensus  of  opinion  as  to  what 
their  favorite  study  really  is  prevails  today  among  historians, 
or,  at  least,  that  any  such  consensus  has  prevailed  long  enough 
to  give  it  practical  authority.  We  are  constantly  told  in  the 
words  of  Lord  Bolingbroke,  which  he  thought  he  got  from 
Dionysius  of  Halicarnassus,  that  history  is  philosophy  teaching 
by  example.     This  phrase  is  not  inapt  as  a  description  of  a  cer- 


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454  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

tain  type  of  classical  historical  writing — for  example,  the  histories 
of  Thucydides  and  Tacitus.  **  Political  philosophy  teaching 
by  example  *' would  perhaps  characterize  not  unfairly  Grote's 
massive  **  History  of  Greece.*'  But  apply  the  phrase  to  such 
a  treatise  as  Stubbs*s  *•  Constitutional  History  of  England  *'  or 
to  such  a  narrative  as  Prescott's  **  Conquest  of  Mexico,'*  and 
it  appears  at  once  to  be  almost  ludicrously  inappropriate. 
Philosophy,  it  would  seem,  should  be  written  by  persons  with  a 
philosophical  training  and  cast  of  mind  ;  but  our  graduate 
schools  for  historical  study,  while  they  may  insist  on  a  knowledge 
of  French  and  German,  do  not  insist  on  any  knowledge  of 
philosophy  as  a  prerequisite  to  successful  work.  The  most 
famous  definition  or  description  of  history  is  therefore  seen  to 
be  much  too  narrow. 

Lord  Macaulay  said,  "that  history,  at  least  in  its  state  of  ideal 
perfection*,  is  a  compound  of  poetry  and  philosophy."  This  is 
delightfully  vague.  Cowper  once  got  from  the  heel  of  an  old 
shoe  the  suggestion  for  a  fairly  good  poem ;  but  if  Stubbs  had 
been  alive  and  writing  in  Cowper' s  day,  the  amiable  poet  would 
have  been  sorely  tasked  if  he  had  tried  to  extract  any  subject  for 
poetry  from  the  threfe  most  famous  volumes  of  the  eminent  pre- 
late-historian, unless,  to  be  sure,  he  had  written  a  satire  upon 
the  universal  aridity  of  scientific  history.  *'  A  compound  of 
poetry  and  philosophy"  indeed  !  Even  Lord  Macaulay*s  own 
fascinating  **  History  "  is  not  that  for  those  of  us  who  see  in  that 
famous  work  a  good  deal  more  than  the  rhetorical  proclamation 
of  the  glories  of  English  Whigism  which  some  disdainful 
moderns  have  discovered  in  volumes  declared  by  their  fathers 
to  be  more  interesting  than  most  novels.  What  could  Macau- 
lay  have  found  better  to  say  of  Milton's  "Comus"  than  that  it 
was  a  "compound  of  poetry  and  philosophy?"  And  what 
would  he  have  said  to  Burke  and  Fox,  who,  arguing  with  the 
Duke  of  Richmond,  maintained  that  truth  was  to  be  found  in 
poetry  rather  than  in  history  ?  Those  two  eminent  men,  one  of 
whom  wrote  history,  evidently  believed  that  poetry  and  history 
were  somewhat  antithetical.  Finally,  where  is  the  rash  man  who 
who  will  undertake  to  tell  us  what  poetry  is  and  what 
philosophy  is  ? 

But   the   distinguished   names  I  have  been  mentioning,  save 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  455 

that  of  Stubbs,  belong  to  what  my  friends  of  the  present  histori- 
cal school  are  just  too  polite  to  call  **The  Dark  Ages  of  His- 
toriography. *'  Let  us  descend  the  stream  of  time  until  we  come 
to  a  Norman  keep  still  in  a  fair  state  of  preservation — I  mean, 
in  unfigurative  language,  let  us  pass  on  to  the  historian  of  the 
Norman  Conquest,  the  late  Mr.  Edward  Augustus  Freeman, 
who,  although  he  confined  himself  as  closely  to  printed  sources 
as  he  did  to  Saxon  words  and  to  prehistoric  plainness  of  speech, 
will  perhaps  be  accepted  by  the  modem  school  as  one  of  them- 
elves.  When  I  was  a  student  of  history  at  the  Johns  Hopkins 
University,  my  eyes  were  confronted  each  day  with  a  senten- 
tious utterance  of  Mr.  Freeman's  which  my  excellent  teacher, 
the  late  Professor  Herbert  B.  Adams,  had  had  painted  in  large 
letters  upon  the  wall  of  his  seminary  room  and  library,  so  that  all 
who  came  to  read  might  at  least  read  that.  **  History  is  past 
politics  ;  Politics  is  present  history,"  that  was  the  legend  that 
stared  us  in  our  innocent  faces.  I  thought  then,  and  I  still 
think,  that  Mr.  Freeman  was  very  hard  on  his  favorite  study. 
Man  never  has  lived  by  politics  alone.  Some  individuals  have 
done  it,  some  continue  to  do  it ;  but  they  have  run  and  still 
run  great  risk  of  becoming  disreputable.  The  historian  who 
confines  himself  to  politics  past  and  present  is  not  disreputable ; 
he  is  only  one-sided  and  often  one-eyed.  Perhaps  it  is  im- 
polite to  suggest  that  the  reason  political  historians  have  so 
long  exercised  a  sort  of  sway  over  readers  of  history  becomes 
clear  the  moment  we  remember  that  the  one-eyed  man  is  king 
among  the  blind. 

This  finding  flaws  in  definitions  and  descriptions  is,  however,  a 
facile  and  a  comparatively  unprofitable  operation.  We  are  all 
convinced  that  there  is  such  a  study  as  history  as  well  as  a  body 
of  writings  called  historical,  both  of  which  we  can  separate  in  a 
rough  and  ready  manner  from  chemistry,  let  us  say,  on  the 
one  hand  and  from  the  drama  on  the  other.  Such  a  definition 
as  that  given  by  **The  Century  Dictionary,''  suffices  for  most 
of  our  purposes.  History,  says  that  authority  is  **  the  recorded 
events  of  the  past,  also,  that  branch  of  science  which  is  occupied 
with  ascertaining  and  recording  the  facts  of  the  past."  You  as 
a  historical  society  are  occupied  with  ascertaining  and  recording 
the  facts  of  Virginia  history.      I,  as  a  teacher  of  English  litera- 


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456  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

ture,  ain  occupied  with  introducing  my  students  to  the  most 
important  works  in  prose  and  verse  in  which  the  writers  of  our 
race  have  embodied  their  thoughts  and  feelings.  Both  history 
and  literature  as  complex  conceptions  of  the  mind  may  entirely 
elude  our  respective  efforts  to  define  them;  but  we  shall  none 
the  less  continue  to  love  and  prosecute  our  chosen  studies. 

And  sometimes  a  catholic-minded  man  applies  himself  to  de- 
fining or  describing  our  studies  in  such  a  way  as  to  enlighten 
us — at  least  for  the  time  being.  When  Professor  C.  H.  Firth 
delivered  his  inaugural  lecture  at  Oxford,  he  gave  a  description 
of  history  to  which  I  personally  take  little  or  no  exception. 
History  seemed  to  him  *'to  mean  the  record  of  the  life  of  so- 
cieties of  men,  of  the  changes  which  those  societies  have  gone 
through,  of  the'  ideas  which  have  determined  the  actions  of 
those  societies,  and  of  the  material  conditions  which  have 
helped  or  hindered  their  development."  Nor  did  history  ap- 
pear to  him  to  be  '*  only  a  branch  of  learning  to  be  studied  for 
its  own  sake,  but  a  kind  of  knowledge  which  is  useful  to  men  in 
daily  life,  the  end  and  aim  of  all  history  being,  as  Sir  Walter 
Raleigh  says,  *to  teach  us  by  example  of  times  past  such 
wisdom  as  may  guide  our  desires  and  actions.'  " 

Professor  Firth  went  on  to  ask  whether  history  is  a  science  or 
an  art,  and  he  answered  his  own  query  by  saying  that  to  him 
*' truth  seems  to  lie  between  these  two  extremes.  History  is 
neither,  but  it  partakes  of  the  nature  of  both.  A  two  fold  task 
lies  before  the  historian.  One  half  of  his  business  is  the  dis- 
covery of  the  truth,  and  the  other  its  representation." 

These  temperate  words  constitute  a  description  of  history 
broad  enough,  it  would  seem,  to  satisfy  the  most  exigent.  The 
historian  of  institutions,  the  historian  of  political  events,  the  his- 
torian of  manners,  and  the  historian  of  the  arts  finds  his  re- 
spective and  specific  field  of  research  included  within  the  con- 
fines of  history,  as  Professor  Firth  understands  the  term.  Even 
the  historian  of  literature  may  stand  without  shame  beside  the 
historian  of  battles  and  sieges.  The  writer  of  a  minute,  labori- 
ous monograph  has  a  place  as  well  defined  as  that  of  the  author 
of  a  picturesque  narrative  or  the  bold  generalizer  in  that  rather 
nebulous  study  known  as  the  philosophy  of  history. 

But,    unfortunately,  temperate    words   are   not   usually   wel- 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  457 

corned  by  men  flushed  with  victory,  and  the  scientific  study 
of  history  has  won  so  many  splendid  triumphs  in  the  past  fifty 
or  seventy-five  years  that  its  votaries  have  apparently  been  in- 
toxicated by  success  and  have  become  in  consequence  some- 
what arrogant  and  intol.erant.  They  speak  with  open  disdain, 
not  merely  of  former  imperfect  attempts  to  philosophize  on  the 
facts  of  history,  but  even  of  any  present  or  future  dream  of 
such  an  attempt.  They  seem  to  view  with  an  eye  of  grieved 
concern  such  of  their  number  as  are  guilty  of  imparting  to 
their  writings  the  graces  of  style  or  display  even  a  rudimentary 
sense  for  the  picturesque  and  the  dramatic  elements  of  composi- 
tion. Too  frequently,  when  they  have  occasion  to  refer  to  the 
writers  whom  we  are  accustomed  to  denominate,  **the  standard 
historians,*'  they  are  contemptuous,  when  they  are  not  insult- 
ing. Gibbon  indeed,  they  leave  to  the  attacks  of  Mr.  Ruskin 
and  the  ultra-orthodox — but  Hume  and  Robertson,  Macaulay, 
.Carlyle,  and  Michelet  they  treat  as  proper  targets  for  every  sort 
of  missile.  When  a  spirit  of  compunction  seizes  them,  they 
administer  a  coup  de grace  to  their  victim  by  declailng  that  he 
is  merely  a  great  writer  whom  they  turn  over  to  that  useless  but 
rather  harmless  freak,  the  critic  of  literature.  Sometimes  they 
are  even  scornful  enough  to  ignore  the  very  existence  of  the 
**  standard  historians.'*  One  of  the  ablest  historical  students  in 
this  country  confessed  to  me  not  long  since  that  he  had  scarcely 
read  oiie  of  them  through  in  his  life.  He  occasionally  referred 
to  their  volumes,  but  got  nothing  for  his  pains.  They  did  not 
know  how  to  use  their  ** sources,"  and  my  friend  did,  for  he 
had  been  trained  in  the  scientific  school.  Our  conversation 
ended  with  the  "standard  historians'*  in  eclipse  for  that  even- 
ing at  least,  since  it  scarcely  seemed  worth  while  for  me  to  make 
certain  observations  which  I  shall  now  venture  to  present. 

Yet,  after  all,  is  it  worth  while  for  a  single  voice  to  lift  itself 
in  opposition  to  a  chorus  of  self  satisfied  and  successful  men 
who  pause  from  their  useful  labors  just  long  enough,  it  would 
seem,  to  sing  their  own  praises  and  to  chant  the  dirges  of  their 
unfortunate  predecessors  ?  Or  it  is  worth  while,  instead  of  try- 
ing to  drown  their  chorus,  to  ask  them  to  pause  and  listen  to  a 
few  questions  ? 

Is  not  the  sort  of  historical  writing  most  in  vogue  today  the  re- 


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458  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

suit  of  a  perfectly  natural  evolution  from  the  credulous  story-tell- 
ing of  Herodotus,  for  whom  truth  and  fiction,  history  and  poetry 
were  but  crudely  differentiated,  through  the  successful  attempt 
of  Thucydides  to  make  a  philosophic  grouping  of  events  in  order 
to  explain  a  catastrophe,  on  through  the  wider  survey  of  peoples 
and  their  achievements  made  by  Polybius,  through  Livy's 
patriotic  exposition  of  a  nation's  rise  and  progress  and  through 
Tacitus' s  dark  and  partisan  portrayal  of  an  empire's  shame  and 
decline,  through  these  famous  narratives  and  others  scarcely 
less  famous  to  the  works  of  feebler  men  in  periods  becoming 
darker  and  more  confused,  until  history,  like  every  other  branch 
of  learning,  suffered,  not  extinction  indeed,  but  a  great  and 
prolonged  dimming  of  its  light  in  the  ages  that  witnessed  the 
death  of  the  ancient  and  the  birth  of  the  mediaeval  world? 
Mixed  with  literature,  mixed  with  philosophy,  colored  with 
patriotism,  colored  with  partisanship,  springing  out  of  the  dark- 
ness of  unconsciousness,  ending  in  the  darkness  of  confusion, 
history  obviously  had  little  chance  to  grow  into  a  science, 
though  a  spirit  of  investigation  and  a  demand  for  truth  were 
then  abroad  in  the  world,'  as  well  as  a  zest  for  speculation  in 
philosophy.  History  in  those  days  could  not  be  very  critical, 
though  the  narratives  we  owe  to  it  are  priceless  even  today, 
when  inscriptions  and  coins  often  furnish  us  with  safer  data  for 
constructing  the  records  of  the  past  than  are  given  by  the  pro- 
fessed historians.  But  the  mere  encouragement  of  the  spirit  of 
inquiry,  the  spread  of  the  love  of  truth,  the  fostering  of  national 
pride,  the  chastising  of  public  and  private  vices — these  services 
rendered  by  history  and  historians  were  not  small  ones,  and  the 
development  of  the  power  of  generalizing  on  events,  of  order- 
ing a  clear  consecutive  narrative,  in  a  word,  the  laying  of  the 
foundations  of  the  art  of  historical  writing,  might  well  be  termed, 
by  students  at  least,  an  inestimable  service.  History  was  a 
branch  of  literature,  historians  being  given  one  of  the  muses 
for  their  special  protection,  and  the  relationship  was  not  then 
regarded  as  a  cause  for  shame  and  should  not  now  be  looked 
upon  as  a  subject  for  surprise. 

If  history  could  not  become  a  science  in  classical  times,  it 
was  still  less  likely  to  undergo  such  an  evolution  in  the  Middle 
Ages — the   Ages   of  Faith.       It   suffered   as   literature  did,  as 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF    HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  459 

science  did,  and  it  could  but  slowly  recover  what  it  had  lost  as 
an  art.  With  literature,  however,  and  the  other  arts,  it  has 
left  us  materials  out  of  whch,  after  many  centuries  of  neglect, 
scholars  have  been  able  to  construct  something  that  is  not  a 
caricature  of  one  of  the  most  interesting  phases  of  human  evo- 
lution. With  the  Renaissance  came,  of  course,  a  greatly  in- 
creased opportunity  and  desire  to  study  the  masterpieces  of 
classical  historiography,  and  writers  like  Machiavelli  modeled 
themselves  upon  ancient  historians.  The  mediaeval  chronicle 
still  survived,  however,  in  the  form  of  annals,  and  the  earlier 
modern  historians  like  Lord  Bacon  showed  through  their  un- 
critical method  of  handling  their  sources  that  the  influence  of 
the  Ages  of  Faith  was  still  upon  them.  Neither  as  a  science 
nor  as  an  art  did  history  make  much  overt  progress,  the  ener- 
gies of  men  of  learning  being  chiefly  directed  to  the  necessary 
amassing  of  linguistic  and  antiquarian  knowledge,  and  men  of 
letters  still  finding  in  the  various  forms  of  poetry  the  best 
medium  of  expression  for  their  genius.  But  when  at  last  the 
seventeenth  century  had  laid  the  foundations  of  modern  prose, 
especially  in  French  and  English,  when  it  had  stored  up  in 
great  books  of  reference  and  in  annotated  editions  of  the  classics 
the  work  of  its  herculean  scholars  and  antiquaries,  and  when  it 
had  settled  political  and  ecclesiastical  questions  to  such  an  ex- 
tent at  least  that  national  development  on  a  broad  scale  was  as- 
sured to  some  countries  as  a  present  possession  and  promised  to 
others — after  all  these  necessary  steps  had  been  taken,  history 
as  an  art  made,  as  might  have  been  foreseen,  a  very  rapid  ad- 
vance. Great  Britain,  to  cite  only  one  country,  produced  in 
the  first  half  of  the  eighteenth  century  a  number  of  writers  ^ho 
attempted,  like  Defoe,  to  give  clear  and  consecutive  accounts 
of  political  events,  particularly  since  the  Restoration — and  dur- 
ing the  second  half  of  the  century  Hume,  Robertson,  and  Gib- 
bon raised  the  writing  of  history  to  the  level  of  a  true  art.  At 
about  the  same  time  Johnson  and  Boswell  performed  a  similar 
service  for  biography,  and  Richardson  and  Fielding  for  that 
form  of  fictitious  history  known  as  the  novel. 

It  has  recently  been  declared  that  it  was  in  the  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries  that  history  in  its  modern  sense  was  at 
its  lowest  ebb.      Gibbon,  to  be  sure,  is  not  included  in  this  ex- 


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460  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

treme  statement,  because  Gibbon  was  not  only  a  great  writer 
with  a  broad  philosophical  grasp  and  imaginative  sweep,  but 
also  a  great  scholar  endowed  with  zeal,  patience,  and  critical 
sagacity.  The  reasons  some  members  of  the  modern  school  are 
so  hard  on  Gibbon's  most  distinguished  contemporaries,  seem 
to  be  two  ;  first  because,  owing  to  their  want  of  zeal  and  criti- 
cal acumen  and  to  their  lack  of  adequate  collections  of  docu- 
ments and  the  aids  for  using  them,  they  produced  books  that 
are  full  of  errors  of  fact ;  secondly,  because  they  paid  great  at- 
tention to  details  of  composition  and  took  frequent  occasion  to 
generalize  and  philosophize  on  the  meaning  of  events  and  move- 
ments with  which  they  often  had  but  a  vague  and  narrow  ac- 
quaintance. 

These  grave  charges  against  the  historians  who  preceeded 
the  critical  German  school  of  Niebuhr  and  Ranke  are  neither 
unfounded  nor  new.  Dr.  Johnson  more  than  a  hundred 
years  ago  pointed  out  as  pithily  as  need  be  the  essentially  un-» 
critical  character  of  Lord  Bacon's  historical  work,  though  he 
naturally  thought  more  of  his  own  contemporaries  in  the  field  of 
history  than  we  are  able  to  do  ;  and  not  many  years  later 
Southey  called  Robertson  a  rogue  because  that  exemplary 
Scotch  divine  had  not  read  the  laws  of  Alonso  the  Wise  before 
writing  his  famous  introduction  to  his  Charles  V,  Yet  it  would 
be  a  mistake  to  suppose  that,  whatever  Robertson's  lapses  from 
that  zeal  for  accuracy  which  characterizes  the  best  modem 
scholars,  he  was  insensible  to  the  necessity  of  gathering  accurate 
historical  materials  ;  for,  not  only  do  his  notes  show  a  varied 
erudition,  but  he  is  represented  in  Bos  well's  Tour  to  the  He- 
brides  as  heartily  agreeing  with  Dr.  Johnson  that  steps  should 
be  taken  to  secure  from  every  possible  source  information 
about  the  uprising  of  1745.  Love  of  truth  and  desire  for  accuracy 
were  not  born  with  Niebuhr  and  the  Germans,  but  they  have 
been  made  vastly  more  effective  since  nations  have  learned  to 
cherish  and  render  accessible  their  archives,  since  scholars  have 
learned  to  co-operate,  to  apply  the  methods  of  study  known 
loosely  as  critical  and  comparative,  and  to  utilize  not  only  the 
materials  furnished  by  such  practically  new  sciences  as  archae- 
ology and  anthropology,  but  also  the  example  set  by  all  scien- 
tists in  their  demand  for  a  precise   methodology,  for  a  testing  of 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  461 

results,  and  an  objective  attitude  toward  their  work.  The  mo- 
ment we  say  this  and  realize  what  the  total  intellectual  advance 
of  the  nineteenth  century  meant  to  the  men  engaged  in  any 
form  of  investigation,  philological,  literary,  historical,  scientific, 
we  perceive  how  more  than  ungracious  it  is  in  those  who  are 
today  profiting  from  the  work  of  their  immediate  forerunners  to 
cast  reproach  upon  the  scholars  of  the  eighteenth  century  who 
came  between  the  colossal  gatherers  of  erudite  information  that 
adorned  the  seventeenth  century  and  the  resolute  wielders  of  a 
critical  method  that  made  memorable  the  nineteenth.  If  only 
one  of  the  three  great  English  historians  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury could  accomplish  work  permanent  b^th  from  the  point  of 
view  of  literary  art  and  from  that  of  scientific  accuracy,  all  three 
helped  on  immensely  the  cause  of  history  in  one  important  re- 
spect. 

They  made  it  popular  with  the  reading  public  because 
they  brought  it  back  to  the  standing  as  literature  it  had  had  in 
classical  times.  They  showed  men  once  more  that  it  was 
possible  to  select  and  combine  the  multitudinous  events  of  the 
past  into  picturesque  and  philosophic  narratives.  Two  of  them 
drew  poorly  and  the  colors  they  used  have  faded  ;  but  the  art 
they  practiced  has  lived  on.  Without  their  labors  who  shall 
say  that  one  of  the  chief  glories  of  our  own  literature  would  have 
been  the  great  group  of  the  American  historians?  Before  Hume 
and  Robertson  wrote.  Sir  Robert  Walpole  in  his  retirement, 
when  his  son  Horace  proposed  to  read  history  to  him,  exclaimed, 
*'  No,  don*t  read  history  to  me  ;  that  can't  be  true."  Some  of 
Sir  Robert's  contemporaries  like  Defoe  did  their  best  to  base 
their  histories  on  authentic  documents,  but  they  were  generally 
partisan  and  nearly  always  dull,  and  no  one  who  knows  them  will 
blame  the  old  statesman  for  not  wanting  to  hear  them  read 
aloud.  I  cannot  help  believing,  however,  that,  if  he  had  lived 
in  the  time  of  Hume,  he  might  have  listened  to  that  Tory's 
perversions  of  history,  and  reserved  his  objurgations  until  the 
sound  of  the  polished  periods  had  died  away.  It  is,  I  repeat, 
no  small  achievement  for  the  representatives  of  any  form  of 
learning  to  gain  the  public  ear. 

It  is  plain  that  the  attention  thus  secured  has  been  held.    His- 
tory and  biography  have  grown  steadily  in  favor,  until  they  may 


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462  VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL    MAGAZINE. 

truly  be  said  to  be  formidable  rivals  of  poetry  and  fiction. 
There  were  few  more  popular  writers  in  America  than  the  late 
John  Fiske  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Macaulay,  whatever  his 
limitations,  was  and  is  •  widely  read.  Prescott,  Motley,  and 
Parkman  won  renown  quickly,  and  even  Bancroft,  for  all  his 
rhetoric,  was  better  known  as  a  historian  than  as  a  statesman. 
And,  what  is  perhaps  more  to  the  point,  it  has  been  found 
profitable  to  translate  the  massive  works  of  great  foreign  his- 
torians such  as  Ranke  and  Mommseii.  A  similar  story  may  be 
told  of  the  fortunes  of  biography  throughout  the  past  hundred 
years.  Though  a  writer  like  Matthew  Arnold  could  still  speak 
of  history  as  that  Mississippi  of  falsehood,  readers  with  an  in- 
creasing sense  of  the  value  of  facts  turned  to  it  as  perhaps  the 
most  satisfactory  form  of  literature.  But  whatever  may  have 
been  the  triumphs  of  literature  during  the  nineteenth  century — 
and  they  were  undoubtedly  great — it  is  plain  that  the  triumphs 
of  science  were  greater.  If  we  were  to  use  the  phrase  "  the  age 
of  Tennyson  "  we  should  refer  merely  to  an  important  but  not 
consummately  great  epoch  of  English  literature  ;  but  if  we  used 
the  phrase  "the  age  of  Darwin,"  we  might  legitimately  be 
supposed  to  refer  to  the  most  important  age  of  scientific  dis- 
covery in  the  entire  annals  of  the  human  race.  Now  as  the  ma- 
terials of  history  and  biography  are  what  we  call  facts,  as  facts 
must  be  verified,  and,  as  the  verification  of  facts  implies  impartial 
scrutiny  and  the  employment  of  the  best  available  methods  of 
research,  it  follows  that  in  a  scientific  age  the  spirit  in  which  his- 
tory is  studied  and  the  methods  by  which  its  materials  are 
gathered,  sifted,  and  arranged  would  inevitably  resemble,  so 
far  as  the  differing  natures  of  their  respective  materials  would 
allow,  the  spirit  and  methods  of  the  workers  in  the  various 
fields  of  natural  science.  The  rise  and  triumph  of  the  modern 
critical  or  semi-scientific  school  of  Niebuhr  and  Ranke  was  a 
phenomenon  which  might  have  been  predicted  as  readily  as  the 
rise  of  artistic  history  in  the  eighteenth  century  and  of  histori- 
cal writing  of  a  stricdy  classical  type  in  the  sixteenth.  The 
scientific  article  and  monograph  concerned  entirely  with  the 
announcement  of  some  new  bit  of  scientific  information  or  some 
modification  or  confirmation  or  refutation  of  a  scientific  theory 
was  of  necessity  paralleled  by  the   historical  article  and  mono- 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  463 

graph  having  similar  purposes   and  characteristics.      And  just 
as   scientific  work  was  best  done  in  well  equipped   laboratories, 
especially  in  those  connected   with  large  universities,  so  histori- 
cal work  of  the  modern  critical  type  was   best   done  in  connec- 
tion with  archives  and  libraries  and  by  trained    specialists  occu- 
pying  chairs   in   universities  situated  where    books  and   docu- 
ments  could  be  most   readily  and   most  abundantly   obtained. 
There  is  much  to  be  thankful  for  in  all  this,  but  I  fail  to  see 
anything  altogether  wonderful  it  is,  unless  it  be  the  extraordinary 
delusion  that  this  quite  explicable  growth  of  the  scientific  school 
of  historians  gives  that  school  the   right  to  despise  its  predeces- 
sors and  to  fancy   that  its   own  success  means  the  extinction  of 
history  as  a  branch  of  literature.     We  have  been  told  recently 
that  the  writing  of  history  has  practically  passed  into  the  hands 
of  the  professors  of  history  and   that  these  have  not  the  time  to 
study  the  gfraces  of  style,  in  other  words,  to  endeavor  to  make 
their  books  attractive  to  the  public.       They  are  to  write  as  stu- 
dents of  history  for  other  students.       I  trust  that  this  last  state- 
ment  will    continue  in  a  sense  to   be   true  ;  but    I   perceive  no 
reason  why  students  who  write   should  not  try  to  write  well,  or 
why   students  who  read   should  not   prefer  and  demand   books 
worth  reading,  not  merely  for  their  substance  but  for  their  style.  . 
I    cannot   see   why,    if  a  knowledge   of  the  larger  matters  of 
science  and  history  is  both  interesting  and  beneficial  to  the  pub- 
lic, there  should  not  continue  to  be  a  need  for  writers  capable  of 
serving   as   intermediaries   between    the   active   workers  in  the 
fields  of  science  and  history  and  the   world   of  readers.       Hux- 
ley was  such  a  scientific  interpreter  or  intermediary  and  Fiske, 
after  more  or  less   abandoning   philosophy,    held  a  similar  posi- 
tion among  historians.     Neither  was  perhaps   a  worker,  an  in- 
vestigator of  a  very  high  rank  ;  both  were  literary  men  of  con- 
siderable eminence.       It  is  often  taken  for  granted  that  it  is  im- 
possible for  the  investigator  and  the   eminent   man  of  letters  to 
be  one  and  the  same  person.       This  proposition  is  unfounded. 
The  combination    was   seen  in  Gibbon,    and,    if  there  has  been 
only  one  Gibbon,  it  is  equally  true  that  there  has  been  only  one 
Shakspere,  one  Milton,  one  Newton.      Do  dramatists  and  poets 
and  scientists,  however,  cease  on  that  account  to  strive  to  reach 
the   highest  position   in    their   calling  that  is  possible   with  the 


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464  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 

genius  or  the  talents  they  possess  ?  The  modern  dramatist,  ii 
he  is  sensible,  will  not  imitate  Shakspere  in  a  slavish  fashion, 
but  he  will  endeavor  to  interpret  in  the  most  effective  way  the 
life  of  his  own  times  in  accordance  with  the  fundamental  and 
venerable  principles  of  dramatic  art.  He  makes  use  of  every 
device  of  the  modern  stage  ;  but  he  is  none  the  less  one  of  the 
numerous  progeny  of  Aeschylus.  It  seems  to  me  that  the  true 
historian  ought,  in  a  similar  fashion,  to  be  glad  to  count  himself 
one  of  the  numerous  progeny  of  Herodotus.  The  picture- 
frame  stage  of  today  with  its  electric  lighting  and  elaborate  ma- 
chinery is  about  as  different  from  the  orchestra  in  which  the  two 
actors  of  Aeschylus  stalked  on  buskins  and  spoke  their  parts 
through  masks  as  the  methods  employed  by  the  modern  his- 
torian to  gather  and  sift  his  facts  are  from  those  used  by  He- 
rodotus. But  still,  after  all  these  centuries  the  prime  purpose 
of  the  dramatist  is  to  interpret  life  through  human  action  ex- 
hibited on  a  stage,  and  the  prime  purpose  of  the  historian  is  to 
give  a  record  of  the  past  through  the  medium  of  written  words. 
The  dramatist  who  constructed  plays  only  for  the  enjoyment 
^  of  his  fellow  dramatists  would  be  a  laughing  stock.  Is  the  his- 
torian who  writes  history  only  for  the  instruction  of  his  fellow 
historians  any  less  a  laughing  stock  ?  Leave  the  public  out  of 
your  calculations,  especially  in  this  democratic  age,  and  you  are 
sure  to  come  to  grief — whether  you  are  an  artist,  or  a  scientist, 
or  a  historian,  or  a  political  boss,  or  the  president  of  a  life-in- 
surance company.  If  insensibility  to  the  claims  of  the  public 
brings  no  other  loss  to  the  historian  than  the  loss  of  knowledge 
of  men  and  of  sympathy  with  them  that  characterizes  all  per- 
sons of  a  preponderatingly  academic  type,  the  consequence  will 
be  sufficiently  serious.  Does  the  professor-historian  of  the 
present  suppose  that  he  can  sit  in  his  study  year  in  and  year  out 
and  construct  from  the  card  index  to  his  notes  a  satisfactory 
account  of  Roman  politics  in  the  days  of  Caesar  and  Cicero  ? 
If  he  does,  I  should  like  with  all  due  modesty  to  advise  him  to 
take  a  few  less  notes  and  a  little  more  interest  in  the  politics  of 
his  wArd,  or  else  to  cultivate  his  imagination  by  reading  the 
great  novels  and  plays  in  which  political  scenes  are  depicted,  and 
to  model  his  manner  of  presenting  the  results  of  his  study  upon 
that  of  the  men  of  letters  he  is  wont  to  look  down  upon.      Let 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF  HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  465 

him  be  as  scientific  as  he  can  in  amassing  his  material^  but  let 
him  remember  that  if  he  divorces  history  from  present  life  on 
the  one  hand  and  from  literature  on  the  other,  he  runs  constant 
risk  of  committing  blunders  of  every  kind  and  degree — blun- 
ders of  perspective,  blunders  in  assigning  motives,  blunders  in 
comprehension  of  details. 

Now  what  is  the  drift  of  these  remarks  if  it  is  not  toward  a 
warning  against  the  creation  among  historians  of  what  is  called 
in  other  fields  of  activity  a  mandarin  class  or  caste.  In  criti- 
cism, whether  of  literature  or  of  the  plastic  arts,  the  past  half 
century  has  witnessed  too  many  attempts  on  the  part  of  men  of 
culture  to  hold  thems^ves  aloof  as  an  elect  body  and  to  look 
down  on  the  public  as  uncultivated  and  therefore  incapable  of 
passing  judgment  in  matters  literary  and  artistic.  That  the 
public  is  capable  of  applying  the  principles  and  rules  of  techni- 
cal criticism  no  sane  man  would  affirm,  nor  is  it  any  more  capa- 
ble of  testing  accurately  the  statements  contained  in  the  his- 
tories and  biographies  it  reads.  But  it  is  equally  plain  that  the 
poem,  the  drama,  the  novel,  the  picture,. the  statue,  the  history, 
the  biography  that  holds  the  attention  only  of  men  of  letters, 
of  artists,  or  of  historians  has  failed  of  the  largest  and  highest 
purpose  its  author  or  creator  can  have — with  the  exception  of 
his  desire  to  serve  the  cause  of  truth,  beauty  and  good- 
ness— I  mean  the  purpose  of  adding  to  the  information,  the 
moral  elevation,  and  the  aesthetic  pleasure  of  the  largest  pos- 
sible public — which  is,  after  all,  but  the  practical  result  of  his 
desire  to  serve  the  cause  of  truth,  beauty,  and  goodness.  This 
means  simply  that  the  labors  of  the  artist,  the  man  of  letters, 
even  the  scientist  ought  not  to  be  considered  an  end  in  them- 
selves— that  much  at  least  of  the  dignity  of  such  labors  comes 
from  the  fact  that  they  advance  the  cause  of  civilization,  that  is, 
redound  to  the  advantage  of  every  living  man  and  woman  and 
of  the  generations  yet  to  come.  This  is  not  to  say  that  those 
labors  of  the  scientist  or  of  the  historian  which  result  only  in 
experiments  and  researches  and  the  writing  of  books  and  mono- 
graphs in  which  the  public  can  take  no  true  interest  are  not  neces- 
sary and  highly  creditable.  Countless  specialists  working  in 
their  laboratories  and  libraries  are  needed  to  furnish  the  facts 
from  which   constructive   minds  may  develope   the   inventions, 


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466  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

the  discoveries,  the  theories,  and  the  works  of  art,  which,  by 
fostering  the  emotional  and  intellectual  capacities  of  the  race 
make  life  better  worth  living.  Thus,  for  example,  the  progress 
of  history  is  undoubtedly  dependent  upon  the  labors  of  archi- 
vists, index-makers,  collectors,  archaeologists,  antiquaries, 
writers  of  articles  and  monographs,  and  last  but  not  least,  of 
teachers  of  history  and  historical  methodology,  most  of  whom 
must  live  and  die  unknown  to  the  larger  world  of  readers,  un- 
honored  and  uncomprehended  save  by  their  fellow  workers. 
They  are  engaged  in  the  essential  task  of  furnishing  and 
fashioning  the  stones  of  which  the  edifice  is  to  be  composed. 
The  architect  will  receive  all  or  nearly  all  the  praise,  and  in 
this  fact  there  is  a  certain  injustice  which  is  attributable,  not  to 
human  ingratitude,  but  to  the  finite  capacity  of  the  mind  lor 
remembering  details.  These  unapplauded  workmen  are  sus- 
tained in  their  labors  by  their  devotion  to  truth,  by  their  love  of 
their  work,  and  by  the  sympathy  and  commendation  of  their 
fellow  toilers.  If  however,  they  imagine,  as  some  of  them  seem 
to  do,  that  the  quarrying  and  polishing  of  stones — the  discovery 
and  presentation  of  historical  details — is  an  end  in  itself  worthy 
of  benediction,  they  make,  it  would  appear,  a  flagrant  mistake. 
Their  labors  must  result  in  an  edifice  or  they  are  in  vain.  And 
the  edifice  must  be  well  built,  or  shame  rather  than  glory,  loss 
rather  than  profit  will  ensue.  To  drop  my  metaphors,  history 
in  any  true  sense  of  the  word,  is  not  synonymous  with  historical 
research  and  the  materials  it  furnishes.  It  is  based  upon  these 
and  in  so  far  it  has  its  affiliations  with  science;  it  is  also  indls- 
solubly  connected  with  literature,  and  with  philosophy  as  the 
latter  term  is  broadly  understood,  and  in  so  far  it  has  its  affilia- 
tions with  art  and  thought.  It  is  well  that  this  is  so  ;  otherwise 
we  might  be  compelled  to  give  assent  to  the  clever  generaliza- 
tion contained  in  Anatole  France's  question  **  Who  does  not 
know  today  that  the  historians  preceded  the  archaeologists  as 
the  astrologists  preceded  the  astronomers,  as  the  alchemists  pre- 
ceded the  chemists,  as  monkeys  preceded  men!  "  Here  a  lite- 
rary man  has  amusingly  turned  the  tables  on  the  gentlemen  who 
abuse  Robertson  and  Carlyle.  The  true  "latter-day**  scien- 
tists are  the  archaeologists — those  amiable  destroyers  of  Pres- 
cott's  Aztec  palaces   and  other   historical    creations  ;  who    will 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF   HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  467 

make  the  archaeologists  '*seem  old-fashioned/*  M.  France  does 
not  venture  to  predict,  and  we  may  imitate  his  prudent  reticence, 
especially  ii  we  concur  with  Professor  Firth  in  believing  that 
history  is  both  a  science  and  an  art,  and  if  we  have  confidence 
that  these  will  continue  to  be  two  of  the  main  foundation  stones 
of  civilization, 

We  are  now  prepared,  I  hope — not,  indeed,  to  indicate  with 
precision  the  relations  between  history  and  literature,  for  we 
gave  up  the  attempt  to  define  these  many-sided  studies — but  to 
conclude  that  their  relations  need  at  no  time  be  antagonistic  and 
may  often  with  advantage  be  friendly.  Neither  those  students 
who  hold  that  the  historian's  aims  and  methods  must  be  en- 
tirely scientific  nor  those  who  confine  the  term  "  literature"  to 
writings  of  an  imaginative  type  can  justly  be  said  to  take  a 
catholic  point  of  view  warranted  by  logic  and  by  experience. 
Almost  from  the  earliest  times  an  artistic  presentation  in  written 
words  of  the  record  of  man's  achievements  has  given  the  pleas- 
ure that  is  denominated  literary;  hence  history  has  been  rightly 
regarded  as  a  branch  of  literature.  For  history  to  cease  to  be  a 
form  of  literature  would  mean  a  loss  to  that  great  body  of  books 
which  is  probably  the  most  important  basis  of  the  world's  cul- 
ture; it  would  also,  as  we  have  perceived,  mean  a  loss  to  his- 
tory itself  through  the  inevitable  narrowing  of  the  historian's 
appeal  to  his  fellow  men  and  of  his  grasp  upon  the  facts  of  life 
present  and  past.  The  historian  must  be  more  than  a  man  of 
letters,  for  if  his  work  is  to  endure  he  must  be  a  scientific  inves- 
tigator ;  but  in  this  respect  he  is  no  worse  off  than  the  dra- 
matist, who  truly  to  succeed,  must  master  both  the  art  of  the 
writer  in  verse  or  prose  and  the  craft  of  the  playwright,  the  man 
who  fits  an  action  for  representation  on  a  stage.  Both  history 
and  the  drama  are  more  than  literature  ;  both  in  their  best 
estate  are  literature.  So  it  has  always  been  ;  so,  unless  the 
the  needs  and  capabilities  of  the  race  change  greatly,  may  it 
always  be. 

There  are  other  aspects  of  this  question  that  I  should  like 
to  discuss,  but  my  time  is  drawing  to  a  close.  It  would  be 
worth  while  to  endeavor  to  show  that  much  of  the  inaccuracy 
that  is  charged  against  historians  is  due  to  the  fact  that  they  are 
errant  human  beings  and  not  to  the  methods  of  research  and 


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468  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

writing  they  employ.  A  narrow-minded  man  will  do  injustice 
to  the  great  figures  of  the  past  with  whom  he  deals,  whether  or 
not  he  try  to  follow  scrupulously  every  precept  contained  in 
that  admirable  compendium,  Introduction  to  Historical  Studies, 
by  Langlois  and  Seignobos.  A  skilled  artistic  historian,  who 
is  at  the  same  time  a  partisan,  will  unintentionally  dissem- 
inate errors  which  the  labors  of  generations  of  scholars  will  not 
suffice  to  dispel.  Milton's  conviction  that  a  noble  life  is  the 
indispensable  basis  for  every  noble  poem  holds  true,  with  mod- 
ifications, of  great  history  and  great  criticism,  and,  indeed,  oi 
every  phase  of  man's  dealing  with  his  fellow  man.  Take,  for 
example,  the  important  matter  of  assigning  motives  for  conduct. 
Will  absolute  accuracy  with  regard  to  the  external  features  oi 
our  great  Civil  War  enable  any  historian  to  describe  that 
struggle  satisfactorily,  if  he  imputes  motives  and  feelings  to  the 
leaders  of  either  side  which  those  who  knew  and  fought  with 
them  cannot  accept  as  characteristic  of  the  men  ?  Here,  it 
seems  to  me,  we  have  a  common  ground  on  which  historians  of 
all  kinds  can  very  profitably  meet  and  join  in  a  litany.  **From 
hasty  and  prejudiced  judgments,  good  Lord,  deliver  us.'*  Mr. 
Hrllaire  Belloc,  in  a  recent  article  entitled  "Ten  Pages  of 
Taine,**  has  apparently  shown  how  misleading  is  the  portrait 
that  famous  historian  painted  of  Danton  ;  yet,  in  his  paper,  he 
constantly  argues  that  Taine  was  deliberately  trying  to  deceive 
his  readers.  Such  a  procedure  suggests  a  man  holding  on  to  the 
coat  of  another  in  rapid  motion,  and,  while  he  is  tugging  and 
calling  "Stop  thief,"  endeavoring  to  pick  the  pocket  of  the  coat 
he  is  clutching.  I  suppose  that  no  honest  biographer  or  his- 
torian will  refuse  to  confess  that  he  would  willingly  blot  out 
many  a  line  which  he  originally  penned  with  all  honesty  of 
intention  and  under  the  conviction  that  he  had  exhausted  every 
accessible  source  of  pertinent  knowledge.  He  has  not  grown 
more  honest  and  perhaps  he  has  received  no  specific  new 
information  of  any  importance  ;  he  has  only  grown  wiser  and 
more  charitable  through  living,  through  fuller  opportunities  to 
study  his  fellow  men.  Historians  do  not  willingly  cheat  them- 
selves and  their  readers,  as  one  might  infer  to  be  their  unhappy 
custom,  if  one  were  to  rely  upon  the  charges  and  inuendoes  of 
their  hostile,  self-assertive  critics  ;   but  they   sometimes  seem 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF  HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  169 

to  make  statements  loose  enough  to  warrant  Carlyle's  speaking 
of  history  as  *'a  distillation  of  Rumour."  They  would  escape 
many  such  errors  if  they  would  resolutely  avoid  the  imputation 
of  motives  and  also  if  they  would  suppress  to  a  fair  degree  their 
own  egotism.  For  example,  if  Carlyle  himself,  as  Professor 
Morse  Stephens  tells  us,  had  not  been  offended  at  the  refusal  of 
the  authorities  of  the  British  Museum  to  give  him  a  working- 
room  to  himself,  he  would  doubtless  have  become  far  better 
acquainted  with  the  pamphlet  literature  of  the  French  Revolu- 
tion, with  the  probable  result  that  he  would  have  gained  in 
reliability  without  necessarily  losing  in  picturesqueness. 

But  what  in  conclusion,  (going  back  to  our  main  theme),  can 
you  as  a  historical  society  find  of  value  in  the  conception  of 
history  as  in  its  best  estate  a  branch  of  literature  upon  which  I 
have  insisted  throughout  this  discussion.  It  seems  to  me  that, 
if  you  accept  this  conception  fully,  several  advantageous  con- 
sequences ought  to  follow. 

As  a  society  in  its  corporate  capacity  cannot  produce  a  living 
book,  a  true  piece  of  literature,  you  will  regard  yourselves  as 
primarily  concerned  in  scientific  historical  research  and  in  pub- 
lishing the  results  of  such  research — that  is  to  say,  as  engaged 
in  ancillary  labors  rather  than  in  what  may  be  termed  the 
masterwork  of  construction.  This  is  not  to  say  that  as  individ- 
uals you  may  not  or  should  not  have  the  hope  and  the  intention 
of  contributing  a  chapter  or  a  volume  to  the  history  of  our  na- 
tive state  which  readers  beyond  Virginia's  confines  may  be 
glad  to  peruse.  It  means  only  that  as  a  society  your  chief  func- 
tion is  to  encourage  research,  to  collect  documents  and  other 
materials  illustrating  Virginia  history,  to  publish  such  documents 
as  well  as  papers  and  books  embodying  the  work  of  research, 
and  to  foster  in  every  way  public  interest  in  local  historical 
studies.  But  as  a  society  you  cannot  well  construct  history  in 
the  artistic  or  the  philosophical  sense  of  the  term,  and,  this  not 
being  your  function,  it  follows  that  you  can  find  no  real  justifica- 
tion for  limiting,  hampering,  or  in  any  way  endeavoring  to 
shape  the  work  of  those  students  who  devote  themselves  to  the 
production  of  artistic  or  philosophical  history.  It  is  not,  I  con- 
ceive, your  function  to  say  that  you  will  collect  materials  that 
throw  light  on  one  phase  of  our  past,  but  will  leave  in  oblivion 


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470  VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL.  MAGAZINE. 

materials  that  bring  into  relief  manners  or  customs  or  institu- 
tions with  which  you  do  not  sympathize  and  the  existence  of 
which  you  would  willingly  forget.  Your  prime  purpose  is  to 
furnish  materials  which  shall  assist  in  the  determination  of 
historical  truth,  so  far  as  there  is  such  a  thing  as  historical  truth. 
This  means  that  your  work  is  scientific  in  character  and  that 
your  standards  and  methods,  whether  of  collection,  or  examina- 
tion, or  publication,  should  be  scientific.  Which  of  your  so- 
called  facts  or  truths  the  literary  or  philosophical  historian 
selects  or  rejects  in  the  composition  of  his  narrative  or  treatise 
is  a  matter  that  concerns  you  mainly  or  entirely  in  your  indi- 
vidual capacity  as  critics  of  his  book.  You  should  give  him  a 
free  hand,  because  to  limit  creative  art  or  philosophical  thought 
is  neither  more  nor  less  than  to  impede  civilization  ;  it  is  to  take 
us  a  step  backward  toward  the  dark  ages.  You  will  limit  art 
and  thought  if  you  fail  to  furnish  »them  with  the  most  ample 
materials  on  which  to  work  ;  you  will  also  limit  them  if  you  at- 
tempt in  the  least  to  prescribe  the  manner  in  which  they  shall 
handle  their  materials. 

Your  position  is,  I  repeat,  an  ancillary  one  with  regard  both 
to  writers  and  thinkers  on  historical  matters  and  to  the  general 
public.  The  public  has  always  turned,  and  I  think  always  will 
turn  for  its  information  to  artists  and  thinkers  who  write  rather 
than  to  investigators  or  collectors  or  students  or  teachers  who 
are  not  endowed  with  special  literary  gifts.  The  artists  and 
thinkers  must  be  investigators  themselves,  or  else  must  rely  up- 
on the  work  of  the  latter,  who  thus  stand  at  one  remove  from 
the  public,  but  are  none  the  less  popular  benefactors. 

In  view  of  what  I  have  just  said  you  will  not  be  surprised 
when  I  add  that  I  believe  you  can,  as  a  society,  in  no  better 
way  aid  the  cause  of  Virginia  history  than  by  increasing  your 
collection  of  books  and  manuscripts  in  every  legitimate  fashion, 
by  cataloguing  it  in  the  most  minute  manner,  by  indexing 
unedited  documents,  and  by  giving  students  at  a  distance  every 
opportunity  to  use  such  of  your  materials  as  are  not  unique  or 
very  rare.  Perhaps  no  one  feature  of  the  astonishing  develop- 
ment of  our  national  system  of  library  management  is  more 
remarkable  than  the  system  of  inter-library  loans,  which  is 
gradually  placing  at  the  disposal  of  the  student  with  proper 


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THE   RELATIONS  OF .  HISTORY  AND  LITERATURE.  471 

credentials  a  large  proportion  '  of  the  entire  stock  of  books 
owned  by  the  public  libraries  of  the  country.  I  should  like  to 
see  the  day  come  when  a  student  in  the  smallest  village  of 
Virginia  could  secure  at  his  home  through  the  State  Library 
and  the  library  of  this  society  practically  every  book  of  impor- 
tance having  a  bearing  on  our  history  as  well  as  photographic 
reproductions  of  every  important  document.  A  beginning  of 
this  good  work  has  already  been  made,  and  its  completion  is  no 
Utopian  dream.  I  have  no  desire  whatsoever  to  disparage  the 
importance  of  individual  research  and  publication  on  the  part  of 
the  members  of  this  or  any  other  historical  society  ;  I  do  not  un- 
derestimate the  value  of  the  genealogical  work  which  such  socie- 
ties are  wont  to  undertake;  I  recognize  the  usefulness  and  the 
attractiveness  of  the  studies  in  colonial  history  which  some  of 
them  have  prosecuted  almost  to  the  total  neglect  of  other  periods 
of  history,  but  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  that  in  my  judgment  the 
first  and  most  important  work  any  historical  society  should 
attempt  is  to  develope  and  facilitate  the  use  of  its  archives  and  its 
library. 

This  means  that  collecting  and  cataloguing  and  indexing 
and  publishing  and  loaning  whatsoever  will  aid  the  student  of 
history  to  prosecute  his  studies  in  whatever  spot  fortune  has  made 
his  home,  will  do  more  to  stimulate  the  writing  of  history  and  to 
encourage  a  public  interest  in  history  than  the  elucidation  of  a 
thousand  knotty  points  by  a  thousand  acute  scientific  papers  and 
monographs  can  possibly  do.  Let  us  have  the  acute  papers 
and  monographs  by  all  means,  but  let  us  also  have  strong 
corporate  efforts  to  make  possible  the  writing  of  dignified  histor- 
ical books  and  the  spread  of  a  love  of  history  throughout  the 
masses  of  the  people.  If  history  is  a  science  to  be  prosecuted 
by  professors  and  a  few  students  and  to  be  caviare  to  the  public, 
I  wish  it  and  them  all  success  ;  but  I  cannot  perceive  any  very 
solid  ground  on  which  State  appropriations  and  individual 
benefactions  can  be  demanded  or  requested  in  order  that  the 
scientists  may  pursue  their  studies  under  the  best  auspices. 
But  if,  as  I  have  tried  to  show,  history  is  not  only  a  science  but 
an  art ;  if  it  is  a  branch  of  literature,  and  as  such  an  important 
factor  in  the  culture  of  the  people  at  large,  then  it  seems  to  me 
that  we  are  all,  scientific  students  of  history,  writers  of  historical 


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472  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 

narratives,  philosophical  historians,  and  readers  of  history  and 
biography,  coworkers  in  one  of  the  noblest  of  all  tasks — the 
task  of  preserving  the  memory  of  the  deeds  of  our  fathers  for 
the  encouragement  and  the  warning  of  ourselves  and  our  chil- 
dren and  our  children's  children — to  the  end  that  civilization 
may  be  advanced  and  the  ways  of  God  be  justified  to  men. 
The  most  sublime  epic  in  all  literature  was  written  with  this  lofty 
purpose,  to  **justify  the  ways  of  God  to  men,"  and,  whether  or 
not  the  poet  succeeded  in  his  task,  there  can  be  but  one  opinion 
as  to  the  transcendant  importance  of  his  undertaking.  If  the 
same  lofty  purpose  is  kept  in  view  by  all  who  deal  with  history, 
there  will  be  fewer  attempts  to  divorce  that  great  study  from 
literature,  and  every  lover  of  his  kind  will  be  impelled  to  bid 
**God  speed  "  to  you  and  to  every  other  Society  engaged  in 
historical  labors. 


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GENERAL  INDEX. 


Titles  op  Separate  Articles  are  Indicated  by  Small  Capitals. 


Abbeville,  251 

Abbott,  304,  306 

Abergaveny,  222 

Abemathy,  loi 

Abigton,  87 

Abingdon,  438 

Adams,  237,  264,  333 

Admiralty,  Court  of,  139 

Accomac  county,  94,  315.  3^*  390i 

Aeon,  320 

Age,  67-80 

Agenby,  441 

Ager.  198,  275 

A3:erest,  405 

Aisentil,  329, 

Aislabie,  445 

Alaigre,  65,  66 

Albarny,  5,  15,  124,  136,  292 

Albany,  Treaty  of,  15 

Albemarle,  143,  144 

Albertson,  446 

Aldermen,  215 

Aldey,  322 

Aleman,  217 

Alexander,  211.  311,  333,  431 

Alexandria,  428,  434 

Alexandria,  bank  at,  434 

Alexandria  Marine  Ins.  Co.,  432 

Algate,  304 

Aliander,  439 

Alien  and  Sedition  Laws,  429 

Allan,  429 

Alleghany,  26,  253,  282,  e^  seq.  361 

Allen.  35,  37,  94,  95,  107,  191,  193, 

196,  197.  3",  327,  334,  352,  353, 

42? 
Allierd,  67,  80 
AUiguippe,  157 
Allonby,  95 
Alsope,  408 
Alsop,  428 
Alvin,  414 
Alyngton,  439 
Amelia,  16 


American  Ship  Planter,  430 

Americans  at  Eaton  in  Co- 
lonial Days,  209,  et  sea, 

Americans  of  1776.  By  James 
Schouler.  Review,  450 

Amherst  co.,  45,  416 

Amherst  00.  Petition  for  Ferry  in 
1775.  416  et  seq. 

Amis,  401 

Ammoloynker,  258 

Ammunition,  168,  241 

Amonet,  65,  66,  67-80,  175-189, 
265,  280 

Anderson  xx,  11,  19,  37,  40,  47, 
^      94.  loi,  313,  346 

Andre,  Remarks  on,  410 

Andrews,  96,  315,  316,  352 

Anger,  320 

Annapolis,  210,  449 

Antietam,  120,  290 

Apalatian,  Mts,  113,  et  seq 

Aplewhite,  63 

Apothecaries,  338 

Applewhite,  95 

Appomattock,  58 

Appomattox  river,  294 

Arataswa,  243 

Archers  Hope,  390 

Arlington,  317 

Armour.  327 

Arms,  403,  405 

Armstrong,  333 

Army,  204 

Arrisoe  Coverlet,  307 

Arryes,  404 

Artillery,  210 

Arondal,  26 

Arundel,  58,  107,  iii 

Ashby,  289 

Ashfield,  177,  et  seq.,  181 

Ash  more,  444 

Assaregoa,  125,  170 

Assienby,  441 

Aston,  54 

Atkins,  409 


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474 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Atkinson,  87 

AttakullakuUa,    Cherokee    Chief, 

note  on,  245 
Attwode,  440 
Atwoode,  441 
Aubrey  95 
Augusta,  365,  366 
Augusta  Co.,  II,    12,  93,  114,   139, 

143,  227-264,   283,  297,  351.  353 
Augusta  county,    first  settlement 

of,  360,  et  seq 
Ausber^ur,  366 
Austin ville,  21 
Avery,  313 
Awkir,  93 
Ayot,  61 
Ayres,  191 

Bacon,  17,  54,  61 
Bacons  Bridge,  93 
Baden,  287 
B^idditigtciti,  310 
Baker,  195,  414 
Balcony  Falls,  11 
Baldttfjn,  335 
Baliol^  209 

Ball  94,35^.351 

Ballandine,  j8 

Ballard.  63 

Batienger  364,  367 

Ballinger  2S9 

Ballew   439 

Br*ni>*iVs,  207 

Baltimore,  426,  449 

Baltimore,  (Lord),   290,   391,   399, 

426 
Banks,  417,  433,  434 
Bank  of  Potomac,  434 
Bank  of  Va.,  433.  434 
Banister,  338,  441 
Baptist  Church,  427 
]■-.       .     !.',454 
Barbadoes,  427 
Barber,  94 
Bardose,  93 
Bardwell,  191 
Barkham,  191 
Barker,  196 
Barking  ch.,62 
Barliiy  Loft,  310 
Barlington,  334 
Barlone,  351 
Barlow,  20 
Barham,  308 
Barksdale,  X 
Barnabe,  303,  305 


Bamabe,  Richard,  will  (1636)  with 

note,  303 
Barnabvj  304 
Barnarti,  209,  210 
Barnard  Castle,  327 
Barnecombe  VVlssmore,  199 
Bam  fields  310 
Harnes,  96 
Barney,  413 
Barret,  47,  48 
Barron,  348 
Bartlett,  307 
Barton,  402 
Bass,  399 
Basse,  400 
Basleham,  191 
Bassnett,  202, 
Bates,  206,  335 
Bath,  98 

Bath  and  Wejls,  107 
Batt,  94 
Batley,  442 
Batts,  309 
Batting  bands,  305' 
Battles,  173 
Batom,  67,A) 

Barbadoes,  336,  343,  379,  402 
Baugh,  58 

Baugh,  land  grants  to,  58 
Bau^hman,  vi 
Baulke,  409 
Bavaria,  447 
Bawdrepe,  108 
Bawson,  439 
Bayler,  427 
Baylor,  loi 
Bayly,  55 
Bayne,  vi. 
Baysalt,  397 
Bayse,  433 
Baytop,  313 
Beale,  430 
Bear,  296,  361 
Bear  Lithia  Spring,  296 
Beauchamp,  105 
Bearer,  155 
Bebee,  333 
Becker,  375 
Beckner.  341 
Becknell.  vi. 
Bed  clothes,  387 
Beddman,  221 

Bedford,  18,  45,  260,  283,  322,  434 
Bedinger,  414 
Bedlam,  349 
Bedman,  440 
Bee,  63 


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INDEX. 


475 


Beecke,  309 

Beeson,  289 

fiekyh^m,  321 

Beldcin,  335 

Beler,  181,  eiseq, 

Bel  field,  202 

Belgium,  336 

Bell.  427 

Bellingham,  445 

Belly.  68-80 

Bely.  175-189 

Bender,  93 

Bengal,  212 

Benger,  loi 

Beniman,  315,  316 

Benin,  67-80,  175-189 

Bennett,  397 

Beniley,  313 

Benton,  273 

BtTi^hjri.!.  ro^ 

Berkeley  Co.,  357,  4"»  4^5 

Berkeley  Co.,  contested  election, 

Berkeley  Co.,  petition  ol  freehold- 
ers of    775.  412  ^/j^^. 

Berkeley  Co.,  S.  C,  21c 

Berry,  425 

Berwick,  419,  423 

Best,  J50 

Bethel  1.  442 

Beverley,  594,  116,  121,  123,  et  seq. 
130.  136,  141,  145.  173.  290,  326 
356.  431 

Beverley  Manor,  123 

Bevan,  340 

Bevington,  310 

Bermuda  Hundred,  58 

Bermuda  Hundred  Neck,  58 

Bermudas,  397 

Bernar,  266-280 

Bernard.  67-80,  175-189 

Berouth,  201 

Berwick,  328 

Bible,  145,  269 

Big^e,  56,  348 

Bilbo,  68-8o,  175-189,  265-280 

Billeter  Lane,  304 

Billiard,  62 

Billion,  440 

Billmires,  414 

Binford,  37,  39 

Bingley,  181,  279 

Bioret,  67-80,  175-189 

Birch,  4oi5 

Birney,  vi 

Biscoe,  197 

Bishop,  335,  414 


Bishopsgate,  54 

Bishop's  hill,  445 

Bishops  Kyngsbury,  440 

Bixby,  334,  335 

Bixley,  106 

Black.  141,  142 

Blackford,  414,  436 

Black  Friars,  408 

Blaknotte,  439 

Black  p^eople,  67 -So 

Black  river,  93 

Blacksburg,  145 

Blackw^ater  Swamp,  58 

Piack water.  7.  290,  310 

Blagrave,  203,  204 

Blagrave,  Thomas,  will  (1688)  with 

note,  203 
li  la  {J  lie,  404 
Blair,  20,  23^  431 
Biatiiyer,  321 
Blanchard,  59,  197 
Bland,  48  209 
Bland  Be  Id,  431 
Blankenbaker,  364,  366,  367 
Blanev,  290-302 
Blanton.87 
Bleamire,  403 
■  Blene,  415 
Blessed  Margaret,  107 
HUrssiir^  Ship,  192 
Bloodworth.  296 
Bloomeries,  368 
Bloxsom,  47 
Blue  Ridge,  i,  3,  5,  6,  9,  11.  115, 

282,  et  seq.' $$2,  et  seq,  357,  361 
Blunt,  27 
Bly,  57.  58 

Bly,  John,  will  (1664),  with  note,  57 
Blythewode,  439 
Bobbing,  222 
Bocard,  278 
Boden,  306 

Boiling,  ix,  215,  229.  358 
Bonds,  417 

Bondurant,  67-80,  175-189 
Bonny,  417 
Borden,  333 
Boogher^  227,  282,  288 
Books,  305-405.  408.  430 
Book  Reviews: 

Americans  of  1776,  by  James 
Schouler,  450 

An  Introduction  to  the  Re- 
cords of  the  Va.  Company 
of  London,  by  Susan  M. 
Kingsbury,  447 


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476 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


Documentary   Hist,  of   Dun- 

more's  War,  1774,  332 
History  of    Nathaniel   Evans 

and  his  Descendants,  336 
History  of  North  America,  Vol. 
xvii.    The  Rise  of  the  New 
South.    By  P.  A.  Bruce,  329 
et  seq,  ! 

Journals  of  the  House  of  Bur-  I 
gesses  of  Virginia,  1773-76, 
330,  et  sea.  1 

Maryland  Calendar  of  Wills.  | 
Vol.  ii,  1685-1702.     By  Jane 
Baldwin,  450 
Maryland  Historical  Mafi^azine 
published  by  the  Maryland 
Historical  Society,  440 
Mississippi     Territorial     Ar- 
chives, 1798-1803,  449 
Some  of  the  Descendants  of 
Samuel  Converse  Jr.,  334  et 
seq. 
The  Ancestry'  of  Rosalie  Mor- 
ris Johnson,  335  et  seq. 
Woods-McAfee  Memorial,  333 
et  seq. 
Boone,  333 

Booth,  57,  218,  307,  313 
Borch,  77 
Borden,  352 
Border  Warfare,  264 
Borgars,  68 
Boston,  334 
Boston  Heights,  288 
Boswell,  308,  313 
Botetourt,  18,  23,  27,  28,  30  34,  129, 

174 
Botetourt,   Lord,   Instructions    to 

Lewis  and  Walker,   1769,  28, 

etseq. 
Bottes,  68-80 
Bottler,  181 
Bough,  57,  320 
Boulcher,  192 
Boulteel,  303 
Bourche,  19-' 
Bowes,  327,  328 
Bows  and  Arrows,  254 
Bowles,  39,  96 
Bowling,  94 
Bowling  Green,  426 
Bowling  Green  Jockey  club,  426 
Bowman,  123.  et  seq.  350 
Bowyer.  45,  46,  94,  208,  333 
Boyds  Hole,  428 
Boyle,  152 
Boyse,  55 


Brafferton,  151 

Braddock,  227 

Bradley,  37,  39,  77,  176  189,  193,  201 

Bradshaw,  195,  311 

Brakenbrugh,  442 

Brian,  269 

Branch,  57 

Branderton,  406 

Brandon,  211 

Brandy  wine,  411 

Braintree,  193 

Brasses  (Brent),  in 

Brassier,  95 

Brass  Kettle,  157 

Bray,  94. 

Brayer,  65,  80,  175,  189 

Brayton,  325 

Brean,  67 

Breastplates,  155 

Breesford,  408 

Bremo.  55 

Brent,  105,  112,  219,  222,  318,  324, 

435.  441 
Brent,  Andrew,  will  (1475),  439 
Brent,  Brasses  and  Effigies,  1 1 1 
Brent  Family,    105  et  seq.,   219 

et  seq.,  318,  et  seq.,  435  ^^  ^^9- 
Brent,  Giles,  will  (1616)  109 
Brent,  John,  Epitaph  (1691),  in 
Brent,  John,  will  (1524^  108 
Brent,  John,  will  (1651),  109 
Brent,  John  and  Wife  ;  Effigies 

(1500)  Illustration,  in 
Brent,  Margaret,  will  (1474),  440 
Brent,  Robert,  will  (149 1),  320 
Brent,  Robert,  will  (1508),  107 
Brent,  Roger,  will  (1616),  439 
Brent,  Stephen,  will,  (1580),  no 
Brent,  William,  will  (1494),  440 
Brent,  William,  will  (1496),  319 
Brenton  or  Brent  Town,  61 
Breynton.  98 
Britt,  309,  405 
Brian,  68 
Bricklayer,  309 
Bridgewater,  107,  in 
Briel,  365 
Brigadiers,  340 
Briggewater,  108 
Briggs,  306 
IJrily,  348 

Brinstead  Co.,  Southampton,  59 
Brington,  x 
Brittle  well,  59 
Britton,  414 
Bristol,  197,  308,  310 
Bristow,  59,  310 


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INDEX. 


477 


Bristow,  Robert,  will  (1707)   with 

note,  59 
Bristow  Sta..  61 
Broadcloth,  56 
Broadhead,  343 
Broad  River,  227 
Brocas,  387 
Brock,  143 
Broderick,  112 
Bro^reve,  321,  322 
Broil, ^65,  370,  372 
Bromneld,  196 
Brompton,  327 
Brooke,  xxii,  100-104,  109, 114, 144, 

197,  223,  224.  313,  353, 358,  431. 

445-449 
Brooke  Family,  100  et  seq,,   223 

et  seq.,  445  et  stq, 
Brooke,  Humphrey,  will,  1763,  102 
Brooke.  John,  will  17S8,  100  j 

Brooke,  Robert,  will,  1778,  103         I 
Brooke,  Robert  Jr.,  will  (1790)  225,  I 

226 
Brousse,  67,  80  I 

Brown,  127,  197,  200,  224,  309,  336,  \ 

375,  387,  415,  426.  427,  429,  434 
Browning,  321  1 

Bruce,  54,  329,  330,  333 
Bruger,  343  , 

Brumbach,  367,  370  ■ 

Brunswick,  3-8,  14,  136,  281 
Brunswick  county,  note  on,  281,  et 

seq.  i 

Brupecker,  122 

Bruton  Parish,  64  ' 

Bryan,  xxii,  loi,  127,  130,  352  , 

Bryarte,  306 
Bryer,  180 
Bryers,  280 
Bryol,  365,  367 
Bub  with,  307 
Buchan,  81-87 
Buchanan,  12,  13,  333 
Buchanan,    James.   How    Made 

President.     By  J.  A.  Parker, 

81  et  seq. 
Buchery  Green,  309 
Buckingham.  104 
Buckinj^hamshire,  306 
Buck  Horn  Swamp,  7 
Buckner,  311 
Bucks  Co  ,  Pa.,  289 
Buckson, 94 
Buflfaio,  361 
Buffalo  Mts,,  297 
Buker,  414 
Bullerin,  435  I 


Bulliphant,  439 

Bull  Run,  426 

Bulton,  398 

Bunce,  404 

Bnnhill  Feilds,  59 

Burch,  136 

Burchett,  309 

Burden,  351 

Burdett,  315,  316 

Burford,  109.  417 

Burgcj^se^,    vii,    48,  63,  84.  94,  139- 

174,  193.  330,  332,  356,393,  398 
Burgesses  fees,  393 
Hurgt*f^se:>,  House  of,  list  of  mem- 

b<.^rs.  1 69 1,  94 
Burke,  61 
Burke  Co.,  Ga.,  91 
Burkshall,  325 
Burleigh,  442 
Burnett.  5,  400 
Burnett's  Hills,  26 
Burnham,  55,  308 
Burr,  414 
Burrows,  vi 
Burton,  37,  39,  394 
Burwell,  117,  209,  313,  428 
Burwell,  James  at  Eton,  210 
Burwell,  Lewis  at  Eton,  209 
Butcombe,  310 
Butler.  93,  333 
Button,  380 
Bylham,  321 

Byrd,  i,  27^262.  2^2  et  seq,,  290,  368 
Byrd,  William  ( 3d)  note  on  229 
Hyrkyll,  107 
Byrtby,  326 
Byschford,  107 
Cabell,  213 
Cabot,  88 
Cm-assehon,  131 
Cahnowas-Konow,  131 
Caius,  7 1 0-2 1 2 
Caius  Coll.,  209 
Cahimets,  154 
Calvert,  211,  336,  391 
Calvet,  67  80,   176-189 
Cambridge,  209,  212,  315,376 
Cambuley,  Kng.,  95 
Cameron,  29.  418 
Camp.  313 

Camphrlf.  XV,  48,  333,  350,  420,427 
Camp  Charlotte,  332 
Camp  meeting,  434 
Canada,  1-2,  136,  152,  397 
Canada  creek,  26 
Candarngack,  393 
Cannon,  342 


Digitized  by 


Google 


478 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Cannon  balls,  218 

Canoes,  157 

Canon,  364 

Canter,  93 

Canterbury,  xiii,  57,  106,  322,  383, 

387,  388 
Cape  Fear,  93 
Caperton,  333 
Capon,  i^r 
Capon  River,  286 
Caprons,  319 
Carleton,  48-49 
Carlisle,  402 
Carnegie,  353 
earner,  182  et  seq. 
Caroline,  143,  145, 198,  427, 43i,  432, 

433 
Carpenter,  133,  372 
Carriages,  313,  314,  397 
Carriage  Owners,  Gloucester 

County,  1784,  313  et  seq, 
Carrington,  207,  336 
Carrol,  250 
Carter,  37,  38,  39,  94,  114,  116,  128, 

212,  286,  354,  360,  433,  434,  442 
Carthagena,  xv 
Carthusian  Monastery,  442 
Cartington,  327 
Cartes,  425 
Cartridges,  342 
Carver.  309 
Cary,  95,  310,  3 1 3,  403 
Caskie,  86 
Cass,  85 

Cassatarromen,  308 
Catawba   Indians,  xv,  3,  8,  9,  11, 

13,  16,  115,  225,  et  seq.  226-264 
Catawba  Indians  note  on,  8,  9,  11, 

227 
Catawba  town.  226,  et  seq. 
Catlett,  101,  102,  193.  194.  313 
Cattle.  56,  151,  400,  404 
Cawthorne.  404 
Cayuga,  2,  15,  27 
Cecil  Co.,  Md  ,  127 
Cedar  elk.,  133 
Cedar  Creek,  119,  131,  133 
Cedar  Lick,  116 
Cenley,  425 
Chadwick,  91 
Chaises.  313,  314 
Challis,  309 

Challoke,  320  * 

Chamberlayne,  vi,  viii,  437 
Champ,  426 
Champion.  390 
Champlain,   136 


Chan,  278 

Chandler,  vi,  272,  275,  276,309,310 

Chandler.  Edward,  will  (1657,)  309 

Chantry,  219 

Chapman,  67-80 

Chareson,  178-189 

Charing  Church,  435 

Charing  Church,   Kent,  Eng. 
Illustration,  322 

Charing,  Kent,  220,  318-324 

Charity  school,  430,  433 

Charity  ship,  378 

Charles  Co.,  54 

Charles  City  Co.,  16,  54,  55,  391 

Charles  river,  307,  308,  391 

Charles  river,  land  given  to  sett- 
lers on,  307 

Charles  ship,  378 

Charlestown,  21,  230,  350 

Charlotte  Co.,  45,  283 

Charlton,  176-189.  315-316 

Chastain,  65,  67-80,   175-189,   267- 
280 

Chatham,  21^ 

Chatsworth,  228 

Chaumont,  200 

Chelemford,  53,  54 

Chelsey,  407 
I  Chendler,  269 

Chennghiata,  27 

Cherokee  Indians,  xii,    xv,   20-36, 
139-174,  220,225,  et  seq.,2ti, 

264,  359, 
Cherokee  Indians,  note  on,  227 
Cherokees  and   Catawbas  as  allies 
of  the  English  Colonies  in  the 
French   and   Indian   war,  225, 
et  seq. 
Cherokee     Indians,    Treaties 
WITH    Virginia,   1768,    1770, 
20,  et  seq. 
Cherokees  and  Virginia  Trea- 
ties, 1768,  1770,  ly^s^tseq. 
Chesapeake,  128. 
Cheseago,  174 
I  Chesley,  64 
Chesley,    Philip,  will   (1675)   with 

note,  63 
Chestnut  11  ill.  430 
I  Chester,  251,  289,  312.350,  404,  443 
I  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  127 
Chesterfield,  37,  190 
I  Chester's  Gap,  115  ^ 

I  Chew,  7,  114,  308,  351,  354 
Chickahominy,  64 
Chickahominy  Indians,  390 
Chicahominy  Swamp,  36,  37 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


479 


Chiefs  or  Sachems,  141-174 

Chillington,  200 

Chilton,  219,  222,  435 

Chiskiack,  389 

Chisman,  404 

Chiswell,  32,  135,  352,  353 

Chiswell  mine,  21 

Chippawa,  241, 

Cholmondeley,  51 

Clioto,  258 

Chrisome,  304 

Christenings,  397 

Christian,  37,  38,  39,  439,  440 

Christiana,    37 

Christ iftna  Fort,  9 

Christ's  College,  211 

Chunoyounkkee^  258 

Chupahaw,  243 

Churches,  no,  265  et  seq.,  295,  315 

et  seq. 
Church  of  St.  Andrews,  440 
Church  of  St.  Edmund,  440 
Church   of  St.  Peter  and  Paul,  435 
Churchill,  94 
Church  Wardens,  1 79-1 81,  265-280, 

397 
Chyltham,  321 

Cincinnati,  Society  of  the,  434 
Circutntiiij;  Library,  433 
Clanhorn  (Cornwall)  in 
Clare  Hall,  306 
Clarehall  Chapel,  305 
Clapham,  129 
Clappum,  204 

Clarke,  xxii,  13,  18,  117,  303,  333 
Clay  borne,  298.  348,  390,  391,  393, 

394.  400,  449,  450 
Clayton,  203 
Clements,  193 
Cleopatra  (Indian),  394 
Clergymen,  41 
Clifden,  198 
Clifton,  198,  408 
Clinton,  16 
Clive,  106 
Cloak,  414.  439 
Cloak,  furred,  440 
Clore,  365,  366,  372 
Cloth^^,    70,  241,  305 
Cluveriu^,  3  3 

Cobbler,  370 
Cobb,  «5 

Cobbs,  196,  288,  358 
Cockayne,  308 
Cocke,  37,  39,  55,  195 
Code,  54 


'  Cohongaratron,  127,  129-130,  137, 

353 
Colchester,  54 

Coleman,  62,  93,  303,  309,  335 
Collenses,  93 
Collier,  313 
Collingtree,  203 
Collins*  48-49 
Collinson,    07,  'in 
Colman,  304 
Colonial  Council,  113 
Culumbell,    92 
Combe  maker,  307,  340 
Commissary  of  Bp.  of  London,  pay 

of,  51 
Communion  plate,  317 
Compton,  201 
Conacocheague,  129,  290 
Conai,  131 
Conaquieso,  27 
Conasetego,  160 
L*jmlukJ,  45,  312 
Conecakigh,  130 
Conecock  Path.  58 
Conestoga,  124 
Congeree,  93 

Congressional  Library,  116 
Conier,  308 
Conjurors  Neck,  358 
Connecticut,  347 
Conogart'cra,    74 
Conoy  Indians,  132,  357,  359 
Conoy  Indians,  note  on,  132 
Constable,  325 
Contempt  of  Court,  case  of,  1730, 

213  et  seq. 
Converses,  334,  335 
CoNVKRSE,  Samuel,  Jr.,  Some  of 

THK  I  tKSCENDANT^  OF.     By  C. 

\   r  .  ■ :    I  rse  Re  vii_'^\ ,  334  et  seq, 
Conway,  339,  340,  425,  431,  432 
Conway  River,  115 

i  Convers,  327 

'  Coghan,  144 
Cooke.  62,  101.  313,  365*366,367, 

37^^  376*404,  4 J  7,  439 
Cook  son,  403 
Coonay,  357  et  seq. 
Coons,  103.  370,  414 
Cooper,  447 
Copley,  2CO,  442 
Copper,  397 
Coppinger,  306 
Corbin,  xv,  51-53 
CoRBiN  Papers,  51  et  seq. 
Corbin    Rich'd,    Public    money   in 

hands  of,  1775,  424 


Digitized  by 


Google 


480 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Corlaer's  Lake,  136 
Corn,  294,  395.  4oo 
Corn,  price  of,  1631,  400 
Corn^  price  of,  173I1  65 
Cornick,  203 
Comocke,  ^04 
Cossington,  105^  112,  436 
CosfitNGTON  Lodge,  Illustration, 

CossiNGTON  Rectory,  Illustra- 
tion, 112 

Cotton,  315,  433 

Commerculogo,  257-262 

Council  and  General  Court 
Records,  Notes  from,  389 

Council  Orders,  9^389,  362 

Council  of  War,  63 

Counltes,  Formation  of,  391 

County  Clerk,  95 

County  Courts,  391 

Coursey,  15 

Court  Martial,  340,  341  350i 

Court,  393 

Courts^  Commission  for,  1628,  400 

Coventry,  307 

Cowel,  324 

Cowetans,  241 

Cowherd,  417 

Cowley,  205 

Cownsagiet,  174 

Cow  Pasture,  114 

Cowpens,  93 

Cows,  311 

Cox,  310,  417 

Coyle,  415 

Crabbtree,  93 

Cradock,  394,  449 

Craj?had,  181 

Craig,  446 

Craighill,  449 

Crane,  306 

Craven,  326 

Crawford,  333 

Crawley,  15 

Creuk  Nation^  23 

Crekyn,  220 

Crenshaw,  vi 

Cresap,  153 

Cresup,  147 

Crewkern,  108,  112,  144 

Crews,  or  Cruse,  54,  55,  4^7 

Crips,  222 

Crockett,  64 

Croghan,  George,  note  on,  158 

Croghan,  43 

Crooked  Run,  366 

Croom,  279 


Cropper,  vi 

Crow,  414 

Crowly,  221 

Crown  Pt,  136 

Crump,  39 

Cruse,  ^ 

Crutchfield,  37,  39 

Cuckolds,  343 

Culpeper,  102 

Cunningham,  xvi,  408 

CullonghcuUa,  256,  262 

Culp,  g3 

Culpeper,   106,  284,  35i»  35^,  360, 
427,  429.  43 ^  433»  434 

Cumberland,  93 

Cumberland  creek,  144 

Cumberland  Gap,  252 

Curell,  195 

Curls.  358 

Currency,  37,  52,  61,  62,  72,  87,  122, 
183,  191,  281,  306,  307,  311.  378 

Curry,  333 

Currypool,  106,  108,  112 

Curtis,  305,  351 

Curwen,  445 
i  Custis,  317 
I 

I  Dabney,  xvi,  208,  337,  35° 
■'  Dabnev,  Col.  Charles,  337 
I  Dabonle,  17 
I  Dade,  4^7 
I  Dai nger field*  333 
1  Dale,  192 
I  Dalryniple,  428 
i  Dalton,  97 
!  Danby.  327,  375 

Dancing  school,  425 

Dandridge,  viii-ix 

Daniel   431 

Darcy,  326 

Dardes,  306 

Darke,  414 

Darneton,  326 

Darpet,  91 

D'Auvergne,  96 

Davenish,  307 

David,  268-280 

Davids,  427 

Da  vies,  215.  264.  307,  333,  408,  416 

Davis,  47,  81,  87,  9i»  97,  253,  307. 
3'7 
;  Davy,  308 
I  DawbeV,  375,  394 
!  Dawes,  322 
I  Dawson.  51,  52,  441,  443 
I  Day,  429 
I  Dead  Lane,  309 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


481 


Deane,  307 

Deaths,  xvi 

Debnam,  313 

DeCalb,  338,  342,  344 

DeCourcy,  ri2 

Dedman,  333 

Deekins,  67-80 

Deep  Creek,  300 

Deering,  105 

Deer,  361 

Deer  skins,  29 

Dejamette,  375 

De  LaFay*;tte,  342,  344 

De  a  Ford  105,  jrS 

De  \.^  W^rr.  f  Lord,)  397 

Delaware  bay.  400 

Delaware  Indians,  9,   24,  64,    115, 

155,  164.  239,  423^ 
Delaware   Indians,   deposition    in 

regard  to,  1775,  425  e/  seg. 
Delegates,  House  of,  427,  432 
Deniband,  105,  220,  436 
Denny,  402 
Dep,  273 
Depp,  176  e/  seg. 
De  Popham,  112 
De  Red  vers,  112 
Dertng   ;^3  2  319 
DerranI,  32 
Dervisses  corner,  21 
DervvciUw.itt^r,  327 
Desk,  405 
De  Soto,  137 
Devon,  221 
Dewall,  Edward,    will  (1640,)  with 

note,  204 
Dewer,  404 
De  VVolftf,  446 
Dick,  93 

Dickens,  176-189 
Dickenson,  47 
Dickson,  317 
Digues,  140,  221 
Dikins,  175-189 
Dilkins,  175-189 
Dilsonf,  179-189 
Dilston,  327 
Dine,  68-80 
Dine,  180-182 
Dingley,  63 
Dinwiddie,  xv,  34,   143,    152,    153, 

225  e^  seq. 
Dinwiddie,  Governor,  Instructions 

to  Randolph  and  Byrd,    1756, 

2^2  et  seq. 
Dinwiddie,  Governor,  Letter,  1756, 


to  Colonels  Randolph  and  Byrd 

228  e(  seq, 
D\  Vemai,  112 

Divorce  Case  of  in  Va.,  1694,  202 
Dixon,  48,  103,  427 
Dobbs,  202,  231 
Dolman,  442 
Dona,  88 
Donof,  441 
Doremus,  91 
Dormer,  405 

Dorset,  1 10,  375,  378,  405,  436 
Dorset,  Earl  of,  397 
Douglas.  86 
Dover  Castle,  222 
Dowlas,  54 

Drakes,  Agnes,  will  (1501),  321 
Draper,  204-205,  304 
Draper,  Elizabeth,  will  (1625)  with 

note,  204 
Draper's  Meadow,  145,  252 
Drew,  ,97,  3.5,  3  6 
Drinking  Pols,  440 
Drummers,  346 
Drysdale,  115,  124 
Ducre,  67,  80 
Dudley,  181 
Duels,  425 
Duerai,  68 
Duke,  320 
Dulaney.  210,  211 
Dulany,  Daniel,  at  Eton,  210 
Dull,  414 
Duncanson,  427 
Dunlop,  446-447 
Duncan,  333 
Dunkard's  Bottom,  253 
Dunmore,  48,  50,  52,  $3.  332.  420 
Dunmore,  Lord,  to  Rich'cf  Corbin, 

1775.52 
Dl'nmork's    War,    1774,    Docu- 
mentary  History  of  Wis. 

Hist.  Society,  review,  332 
Dunn,  333 
Duponso,  342 
Duping.  65-66-67,  80.    175-189,  265- 

280 
Durham,  217,  327,  442 
Durrett,  333 
Dutch  Blanketing,  231 
Dutoi,  67-80 
Dutoy,  265  et  seq, 
Dutch,  287 
Duval,  104,  224,  313  . 
Dwelling,  433 
Dymoke,  442 


Digitized  by 


Google 


482 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Eagle's  Nest,  433 

Eause.  313 

Eare,  no 

Earle,  56 

Earls  Hall,  60 

Eastern  Shore  Chapel,  ix 

Eastern  View,  229 

Eastertide,  398 

Easthams,  351 

East  Marches,  327 

East  Smithfield,  Eng.,  306 

Eastville,  317 

Eaton,  231,  308 

Eaton-on-usk,  327 

Eckenrode,  425 

Economy,  144 

Eden,  212 

Edgecombe,  335 

Edgefield,  251 

Eddows,  438 

Education,  173,  209  et  seq.,  250 

Edwards,  xvi,  136,  145,  200,  304 

Effigies,  'v Brent),  Reverse,  no 

Effingham,  15,  125,  357 

Efford,    Peter,    will     (1665,)    with 

note. 195 
Eghnisara.  165 
Elenden,  320 
Election  returns,  430 
Elizabeth  City,  55,  60,  62,  95,  305, 

391,  405 
Elizabeth,  (Queen,)  105 
Elizabeth  River  Parish,  426 
Elk,  361 
Elk  Run,  296 
Elkton,  n8,  296 
Ellerton,  442 
Elliott,  95-99.  447 
Elliott,  General  Roger,  portrait  of, 

to  face  p.,  96 
Elliott,    General  Roger,    note  on, 

95  et  seq. 
Ellis,  313 
Elmhurst,  99 
Elm  Tree,  21 
Elsoan,   181 
Ely,  Bishop  of,  385 
Elys,  321 
Embrey,   136 
Emmanuel    College,    Cambridge, 

14.S 
Endler,  414 
Engel,  414 

England,  57,  336,  385-400 
English  money,  403 
English  Traders,  158 
Engursara,  174 


Enlers,  414 

Eppes,  37,  39 

Eps,  94 

Epitaphs  : 

John    Brent    and   wife   (i500>, 

John  Brent  (1691),  ni 
Mrs.  Martha  Martin,  (1738),  199 
Thos.  Nelson,  (1745),  403 
Edward  Porte  us  (1700);  Robert 
Porteus(i758),  312 

Erskine,  94 

Esopus,  115 

Essex  county,  18,  53,  104.  114,  128, 
144,  220,  224,  318,  365.  394 

Est i toe,  32 

Ethnology,  (American),  144 

Eton,  209,  210,  212,  376 

Eton  College,  Americans    at 
I         IN  Colonial  Days,  209  etseq. 

Etonians,  209-212 
I  Eure,  442 

Evans,  15,  152 

Evans,  Nathaniel,  and  his  De- 
scendants, History  of.  By 
J.  VV.  Evans.     Review,  336 

Ewecross,  445 

Ewell,  430 
j  Ewing,  352 

Exeter,  436 

Exton,  203 

Eyre,  317 

Eyton,  310 

Fairfax,  94,  115,  128,  134,  283,  289. 

297,  354-360,  374 
Fairfax  Line,  297 
Fans,  37,  39 
Farley,  408 

Farley,  Susannah,  will  (1656)  408 
Farley,  Vale,  51-53 
,  Farmer.  343 
Farrand,  144 
Farrar,  394 
Farrellchild,  56 
Farrers,  298 
Farsi.  67-80 
Faucin,  56 

Fauntleroy,  102,  104,  309 
Fauquier,  18,  22,  103,  433 
Fauquier  Co.,  229 
Faure,  65,  66,  67,  80,  175-189,  224, 

266  280 
Fawcett,  431 
Febiger,  346,  348,  349 
Federalists,  430,  431 
Feld,  109 
Felgate,  64,  192,  329 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


483 


Female  Ins.,  433 

Fenchurch,  59 

Fenwick,  325. 

Ferrar,  306 

Ferrer,  306 

Ferrick  62, 

Ferries,  37,  39,  60,  416 

Feu  de  joie,  342 

Feed,  197,  313,  335,  351 

Fielding,      Eppa,     Revolutionary 

diary  of,  1782,  92  etseq, 
Fife,  xiii 
Filson,  333 
Finch,  39,  390 

Finch,  Henry,  Secretary  State,  390 
Fink,  414 
Finlason,  351 
Finn,  416 
Fire  Arms,  157 
Fire  in  Fredericksburg,  429 
Fish,  157 

Fishback,  132,  134,  367,  369,  370 
Fisher,  197,  402 
Fishing  Creek,  94 
Fitz-Gamelin,  112 
Fitzhugh,  211,  229,  427 
Fitzhugh,  George  Lee  Mason,  at 

Eton,  211 
Five   Nations,  (Indians,)  i,  3,  8,  9, 

137,  286,  357  €t  seq. 
Five   Nations,  note  on,  5,  6,  9,  11, 

12, 13,  16,  357-358 
Flatheads,  292 
Fleetwood,  405,  406 
Fleetwood,    Edward,    (1609,)  with 

note,  405 
Fleming,  212,  213 
Fleshman,  365,  367 
Flippin,  176-189 
Florida,  23 

Florinoir,  77,  175--189 
Florghin,  417 
Flournoy,  27 1-- 280 
Fluelling,  409 
Fluvanna,  416 
Fly  (ship),  89 
Foissin,  210 
Fontaine.  114,  313 
Forbes,  261 
Ford,  107,  195 
Fores,  Scotland,  104 
Fork  Union,  14 
Forney.  82 
Forsyih,  333 
Forts.  148,  389 
Fort  Duquesne,  261 
Fort  Christiana,  286,  292 


Fortescue.  95 

Fort  London,  228,  245,  261 

Fort  Pitt,  26,  158,  352 

Fortre,  303 

Fort  Stanwix,  26,  27 

Fort  Stanwix,  Treaty  of,  23  et  seq 

Fort  Stephen,  207 

Fost,  417 

Foster,  144,  196,  209.  313,  333 

Fouls,  405 

Fountaine,  425 

Fountains,  326 

Fourqueran,  176,  189 

Fowey,  212 

Fowke,  119 

Fowlis,  311 

Fox,  48.  136,  201,  309,  313 

Foxcroft,  317 

Foxley,  191 

France,  341 

France,  Treaty  with,  Celebra- 

bration  of  in   \^f6  at  Valley 

Eorge,  341  etseq, 
Frances,  212 

Francisco,  104,  120,  224,  445 
Franklin,  27,  417 
Franks,  336 
Frazier,  428 
Freeke,  407 
Freeman,  59 
Frederick  Co.,  117,  119,  127,  731, 

286,  297,  561 
Frederick  (ship),  57 
Fredericksburg,  48,  87-90,  114  et 

seq,  35',  363*  3^8,  428,  433,  434 
Fredericksburg  Academy,  425-432 
Fredericksburg  Charity  School, 

428,  430,  431 
Fredericksburg    Dancing    Assem- 
blies, 431 
Fredericksburg    Female    Charity 

School,  431 
Fredericksburg  Fire  Co  ,  429 
Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Gazette^  1787- 

1803,  Memoranda  from,  425  et 

seq 
Fredericksburg  Theatre,  428 
Freeholders,  412 
Freke  308 
French,  224-264 
French  Indians,  2-16,  153 
French  King,  161 
French  School.  425 
French  War,  264 
French  and  Indian  War,  Indians 

in,  225  et  seq,  264,  282 
Freshet  in  James  River,  1786,  215 


Digitized  by 


Google 


484 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Friend,  33 

Friends,  289 

Frome,  112 

Front  Royal,  115,  132,  289,  360 

Fulden,  192 

Furniture,  57,  63,  192 

Fur  Petticoat,  408 

Fry,  49»   M3,  146,  I47-I74,  252,  368 

Fry,  Joshua,  note  on,  144 

Fyneux,  320 

Gabriers  Insurrection,  430 

'^ichet,  333 

Gadsi,  179-189 

Gale,  328 

Gallasay,  87 

Gallopin,  390 

Galudoghson,  14 

Ganawese,  357 

Ganing,  Petition  vs.,  1775,  47 

Ganton,  442 

Garber,  374 

Gardner,  57,  311 

Garland,  313 

Garnett,  48,  10 1 

Garter,  322 

Gary,  336 

Gase,  181 

Gast,  427 

Gates.  197,  375»  394,  414.    ,^ 

Gates,  Sir  Thos.,  estate  in  Va.,  393 

Gates,  Sir  Thomas,  Report  on  his 

estate,  1639,  375 
Gates  Co.,  N.  C,  446 
Gatesville,  446 
Gatewood,  416,  417 
Gathright,  37,  39 
Gatling,  446 
Gatree,  303 
Garam,  77,  265  et  seq. 
Garin,  175-189 
Gay,  ix 
Gayle,  428 
Geatis,  309 
Geading,  221 
Genius  of  Liberty.  430 
Gentt,  4»5 
Ge  irge,  209 
George,  ship,  378 
Georgia,  23,  426 
Gerard,  vi 

Germanna,  1 14-139,  294,  3^2,  434 
Germanna,  Ferry,  366 
Germanna,  German  settlement  at, 

362  et  seq. 
Germans  in  Spotsylvania  Co.,  court 

orders  in  regard  to,  364  et  seq; 


proofs  of  immigration,  367  et 

seq. 
Germans  in  Virginia,  1 15-135,  281 

et  scq.y  283  et  seq.,  286  ei  seq., 

295  et  seq.,  395  et  seq ,  354,  374 
Germans  Mountain  Road,  365 
Germantown,  411 
Germany,  287,  336 
Gerveys,  439,  440 
Gettaker,  191 
Gholson,  415 
Gebliet,  177-189 
Gibson,  202,  350,  423,  424 
Gifford,  200 
Gilbert,  335 
Giles,  238,  417 
Gillenaters,  417 
Gillet,  309 
Gilliard,  93 
Gilman,  340 
Gilson,  309 
Girdles,  439 
Gissing,  56 
Gist,  r43 
Givendall,  326 
Givodan,  279 
Glascow,  88 
Glasses,  405 
Glastonbury,  105 
Glebe  Land,  315 
Glen,  227,  251 
Gloucester  Co.,  17,  18,  55,  61,  94, 

128,  138,  209,  312 
Gloucester  County,  Carriage 

Owners  in  1784,  313  et  seq. 
Gloucestershire,  63 
Glover,  325,  338,  344 
Glynne,  323 
Goanie,  99 
Goare,  409 
Gobion,  220,  318 
Godbold,  336 
Godefrith,  440 
Godwyn,  106 
Goin,  272 
Gold,  6,  142,  397 
Golden  Horseshoe,  102,  125 
Golden   Horse  Shoe,  Knights  of, 

125 
Golden  Tabernacle,  328 
Gold  lace  cap,  305 
Golfin,  93 
Gondrey,  404 
Gooch,  12.  13,  14,  34,   40,   94,    130, 

2f2,  214,  333 
Goochland,  63,  196 


Digitized  by 


Google 


r 


INDEX. 


486 


Goochland    county,    first  justices 

etc.  of,  212 

Goochland  county,  notes  from  the 

records  of,  212  et  sea, 
Goochland  county,  tithables,  1728, 

1729,  213 
Goode,  81 
Goodin,  67 
Goodloe,  333 

Goodwin,  203,  333,  417,  44^ 
Goodwins  Bower,  106 
Gookin,  308 

Gondrey,  Wm.,  will  (1638,)  404 
Gordon,  vi,  xxii,  428 
Gostrax,  27 
Gotrig,  67-80 
Gottschalk,  297,  366 
Goulsborrow,  306 
Goulthwaite,  442 
Graffenried,  362 
Graham,  95 
Grantley,  325,  327 
Graves,  315,  316 
Gray.  346,  428 
Grayson,  348,  427 
Great  fire  at  Norfolk,  433 
Great  Mountains,  6 
Great  Road,  6 
Great  Seal,  380 
Gieen,  83.  222,  348,  351 
Greenchurch,  304 
Greene  Co.,  292 
Greenhalt,  306 
Gregg,  336 
Gregory,  408 
Gresham,  107. 
Grey,  310,  428 
Greyson,  48 
Griffith,  191,  308,  310 
Grifin,  67-80 
Grigsby,  xi, 
Grindham,  436 
Griswold,  335 
Grymes,  211,  433 
Grymes,     Philip     and     John,     at 

Eaton,  211 
Guards,  350 
Guerand,  68-80 
Gueret,  269 
Gulston,  191,  192 
Gultston,    Theodore,    will    (1632) 

with  note,  191 
Gun  carriages,  19 
Gundey,  55 
Gunpowder  order   in  regard    to, 

1628,  399 
Guns,  170,  395 


Gulph  Mills,  340 

Gurton,  191 

Guthrie,  333 

Guy,  196,  197 

Guy,  William,  will  (1665),  196 

Gylbard,  441 

Hadleyvale,  304 

Hailey,  93 

Ham,  414 

Haines,  333 

Haistwell,  193 

Hale.  333 

Halthiude,  62 

Halifax,  17,  93,  94,  283 

Halifax  minute  men,  18 

Halkking,  155 

Hall,  313,  314,  338.  408,  414,415, 

426 
Hallam,  54,  55 
Hallam  family,  note  on,  55 
Hallome,  54 
Hamerton,  219,  325-326 
Hamilton,  144,  33^,  374,  434 
Hampton,  199,  208 
Hampton  Co.,  64 
Hansford.  199,  200 
Handford,  John,  will  (1670)   with 

note,  199 
Hanging  Rock,  9 
Hanes,  414 
Hanover  Co.,   16,  36,  37,  48,  ?o4, 

4?5 
Hanover  Presbytery,  40.46 
Hansford,  Tobias,  note  on,  200 
Hanson,  211 
Hants,  414 

Happy  Creek,  115,  356 
Hardidge,  95 
Hardny,  464 
Hardwick,  417 
Hardy,  63,  93 
Hardy  Co.,  W.  Va  ,  131 
Hacewell,  105 
Harley,  306 
Harmonson,  94,  316 
Harris,  47,  61,  67-80,  175-189,  270- 

280,  370,  374,  417,  441 
Harrison,  3,  7,  9,  56,  95,  loi,  298, 

416,417 
Harrow,  432 
Hart,  vi,  414 
Hartford,  310 
Hartham,  98 
Hartnel,  341 
Hartwell,  94,  193 


Digitized  by 


Google 


486 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Harvey,   298,   375,   376,    377,  382,  I 
386-,^88,  39T,  392,  396,  4CX)   408 

Harvey,  Governor  Sir  John,  375  et 
seq. 

Harvey,  Sir  John  to  Windebauke, 
1640,  388 

Harwood,  37,  39 

Haskell,  339»343.  350 

Hasliff,  404 

Hastings,  325 

Hatch,  64,  390 

Haverfordwest,  197 

Hawkes,  George,  will  (1658,)  307 

Hawkes,  335 

Hawkins,  404 

Hawksbill  Creek,  120 

Hawksbill  Run,  296 

Hawley,  392 

Haydon,  no  » 

Hayes,  407,  426 

Hayes  Barton,  x 

Hayman,  305 

Hayne,  409 

Haynes,  404  ' 

Haywood,  93 

Hazlett,  324 

Hazleton,  429 

H earns,  70 

Heath,  396,  398,  401 

Heathfield,  98 

Hebron  Church,  135,  365,  372 

Heide,  367 

Heigler,  238,  240 

Hellier,  310,  440 

Hemersordum,  no 

Henderson,  333,  416  i 

Hendricks  411  | 

Hening,  361  1 

Henrico  county.  36,  37,  94,  237,391  i 

Henrico  and  Hanover.   Bound- 
ary line  of,  1764,  36  et  seq.         \ 

Henshaw,  56 

Hentzel,  414 

Henry,  48,  282,  430,  432 

Henxell,  320 

Hereford,  199 

Herndon,  429 

Hei-tford,  309,  32a 

Heslup,  87 

Heyd,  133 

Heyman,  54 

Heywood,  445 

Hev%es,  87-90 

Hewirk,  51 

Hewitt.  15 

Hewlett,  314 

Hewton,  443 


Hicchon,  321,  322 

Hicks,  15-16 

Hieronemus,  414 

Higginson,  Christopher,  385 

Highgate,  107 

Highsteward,  328 

Highing,  63 

Hill.  62,411 

Hilliard,  212 

Hillis,  434 

Hill  Park,  Essex  county,  426 

Hillsborough,  Lord,  to  Lord  Bote- 
tourt, letter  1770,  139-140 

Hinke.  xii,  363,  366 

Hinton,  436,  446 

Hipkins,  100 

Historical  and  Genealogical  Notes 
and  Queries,  91  et  seq.^  209  et 
seq.,  42s  et  seq 

History  and  Literature,  The 
Relations  of,  an  address  by 
William  Peterfield  Trent,  A. 
M.,  Ph.  D.,  of  Columbia  Uni- 
versity, Delivered  before  the 
Annual  Meeting  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Historical  Society,  Janu- 
ary 4,  1906,  451  et  seq. 

Hitchcock,  407 

Hite,  133,  134,  283,  351.  352,  360, 
.^4,  413-415 

Hite,  Joist,  note  on,  133,  134 

Hitt,  370 

Hix,  15.  295 

Hixa-Uraw,  243 

H oast- House,  204 

Hobbs,  107 

Hobday,  313 

Hobson,  351,  352 

Hoby,  106 

Hodges,  vi,  vii,  48,  107 

Hodgkin,  191 

Hodgson,  312 

Hody,  106,  107 

Hoffman,  367,  370 

Hoes,  395 

Holborne,  307 

Hole,  no 

Holland,  47,  115,  336,  396,  397 

Hollanders.  287 

Hollin  Close,  441 

Holm,  219 

Holman,  176-189,  213,  270 

Holmen,  181 

Holmes,  402 

Holston,  2.^1,  252 

Holston  River,  36 

Holt.  64,  48,  3^4,  365.  366,  367 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


487 


Holtzclow,  132,  367,  368 

Holy  Water,  323 

Hone,  433 

Honesbrooke,  109 

Honywood,  323,  406,  435 

Hood.  112,  182 

Hookes,  321 

Hooperring,  408 

Hopewell,  127,  289 

Hopkins,  343 

Hopkinson,  Daniel,  will  (1637,)  408 

Hornsby,  424 

Horses.  311.  350,  380,  397 

Horses  in  Virginia,  order  in  re- 
gard to,  1639,  380 

Hor^e  Race,  430 

Horse  Shoe  Knight,  284 

Horsey,  105,  no,  377 

Holt  presses,  54 

Houchin,  417 

Hough,  63 

Hough,  Francis,  will  (1648,)  with 
note,  62 

Houk,  67-80 

House,  408 

House  of  Burgesses  of  Vir- 
ginia, 1773-76,  Journals  of, 
Edited  by  J.  P.  Kennedy,  Vir- 
ginia State  Librarian  and  pub- 
lished by  Library  Board,  330 
et  seq. 

Lord  Hillsborough's  comment 
on,  1770,  139 

Household  stuff,  57,  309,  404 

Houston,  402 

How,  107 

Howard,  15,  125,  212,  213,  357 

Howden,  325 

Howe,  315,  316 

Howett.  55,  56 

Howett,  John,  will  (1659,)  55 

H6wly,  221 

Howse,  405 

Hozohoge  River,  26 

Hovels,  414 

Hubard,  208 

Hubert,  446 

Hudson,  39,  395 

Hudson,    John,    Provost   Marshall 

395 
Huger,  209-210 
Huger,  Francis,  at  Eton,  210 
Hugh,  417 

Hughes,  213,  214,  314 
Huguenots,  1 14  e/ j^^. 
Huguenot  settlement  in  Virginia, 

King  William    Parish   Vestry 


Book,  1707-50,  65  et  seq.,  265 
et  seg.,  175  et  seq. 

HuNGARS  Church,  Northamp- 
ton Co.,  Va.,  315  ^/  seq\  Ill- 
ustration, 315 

Hungars  Creek,  315 

Hunsden,  309 

Hunt,  57 

Hunter,  15,  48,  206,  226,  231 

Huntingdon,  195 

Huntington,  347 

Huntington  Brigade,  344 

Hurst,  200 

Huse,  94 

Hust,  339 

Huiton,  325-329,  442.  444 

Hutton.Conyers,  216,  328 

Illustrations  :  Charing  Church, 
Kent,  Eng.,  322;  Cossington 
Rectory,  Cossing  Lodge,  112; 
Effigies  of  John  Brent  and  wife 
(1500),  hi;  Fac  simile  of  title 
page  of  pamphlet  "Treaty  with 
the  Catawba,'*  &c.,  Williams- 
burg, 1756,  226;  Hungar*s 
Church,  Northampton  Co.,  Va. 
(315);  Hutton  Conyers,  York- 
shire, En;jr.,  324;  Portrait  of 
General  Roger  Elliott,  06; 
Wickins,  Kent,  222;  Woods- 
McAfee,  334. 

Independence,  Declaration  of,  210 

India,  212 

Indians,  1-36,  113-139,  i^^etseq., 
225  et  seq.,  230-264.  281,  282, 
283,  284,  285,  286,  294,  297,  356, 
360,  390-399»  401 

Indian  Chiefs,  20-36 

Indian  Children,  173 

Indian  Clothing,  167 

Indian  Excursions,  3 

Indians,  First  Fight  with  in  Valley 
of  Va.,  12,  13 

Indian  Land  Titles,  144 

Indian  Murders,  239 

Indian  Names,  131 

Indians  flew  permanently  settled  in 
Valley  of  Virginia,  357 

Indian  Road,  6,  231 

Indian  School,  250 

Indian  Traders,  12 

Indian  Treaties,  225-264 

Indian  War,  63,  264 

Ingall,  414 

Ingilby,  327 

Inner  Temple,  107 


Digitized  by 


Google 


488 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Innis,  49,  50 

Inskale  Creek,  63 

Ipswich,  306 

Irby,  1^6 

Ireland,  396 

Irishmen,  xiii 

Ironmine  land,  293 

Iron  works,  19,  392 

Iroquois,   5-14,   125,   132,  137,  227- 

264,  notices  of  1-14 
Iroquoian  League*  1 1 
Isle  of  Wight,  7,  95,  290,  310 
Islington,  no 
Israel,  414 

ackets,  167 

ackson,  vi.  x,  8r,  93,  lor,  340 
'  acksonboro,  427 

ail,  151.  291 
"  ames,  vi,  vii,  xx,  xxii,  72,  93,  98, 

363,  365 
Tames  City,  94,  315,  389,  400 
James  City  county,  64,  94,  391 
James  River,  6, 11,  54,  58,  114,  193, 

215.  416 
James  River,  freshet  in,  1786.  215 
Jameson,  432 
Jamestown,  3,  64 
amyson,  414 
anney,  289 
annuste,  415 
auncy,  54 
Jeager,  364 

Jefferson,  104,  144,  252,  311 
Jefferson  county,  117 
Jenkins,  417 

Jennings,  5,  142,  203,  312,  445 
Jennison,  404 
Jepson,  404 

Jewelry,  57,  191,  205,  306,  307 
Joce,  107 
Jockey  Club,  426 
Johns,  417 

Johnson,  24,   25,  35,   48,    132,  158, 
207,  235,  239,  306,  317,  333, 335, 
346,  429 
Johnson,   Rosalie  Morris,  the 
Ancestry  of,  by  R.  W.  John- 
son, review,  335  el  seq, 
Johnston,  429,  449 
ones,  ii,  vi.  15,  55.   56,   87-90,  93, 
120,  125,  195,  196,  206,314,  431, 
432, 
Jones,  Paul,  Letter  to  Joseph 

Hewes,  1776,  87  et  9eq. 
Jordan,  193,  434 
Jouanis,  278, 


'Ounhaty,  13 

oumals.  House  of  Burgesses,  xiv 
>ye.  405 
judds,  33 
Juryman,  393 

Kaffer,  365,  367 

Kamton,  182 

Kanawha,  21,  25,  34.  143 

Kansas  Nebraska  Bill,  86 

Kaufman,  121 

Kealington,  437 

Kealkernstkee,  258,  262 

Keith,  9,  281,  357,  374,  415 

Keive,  ro9 

Kelsey,  407 

Kemper,  xii,  xv,  3.  351,  360,  367, 

368,369 
Kemper,   C.   E.,    113  et  seq,,  281- 

297 
Kemp.  56,  195,  314,  376,  377,  382, 
,^     383.  385-388.  391,  393,  394 
Kemp,  Rich'd  certificate  m  regard 

to,  386 
Kemp,  Rich*d,  letter,  1639,  382 
Kemp,  Rich*d,  to  Lord  Baltimore, 

386 
Kemp,   Rich'd,  to  Robert  Reade, 

1640,  385 
Kemp,     Kich'd,    to    Windebank, 

1640,  383 
Kemp,   Rich'd,   reference  to  will 

with  note,  56 
Kendall,  15 

Kennedy,  viii,  xiv,  330,  425,  426 
Keningham,  314 
Kenner,  95 
Kenniston,  221 
Kennon,  358,  359 
Kennon  Family,  note,  91 
Kenington,  197 

Kent,  xxii,  105  106,  219,  318,  324 
Kentish  Towers,  323 
Kentucky,  143,  253,  333,  431 
Kenyll,  440 
Kenyngton,  320 
Keove,  108 
Kercher.  372 

Kercheval,  8,  116,  133,  413 
Kerker,  365 
Kemer,  280 
Kerrill,  191 
Kettles,  19 
Keyt,  437 
Kilford,  322 
Kilkenny,  Ireland,  198 
Kellingly,  Conn.,  334 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


489 


King,  47,  48,  83  136, 

King  George  Co.,  43',  453 

King  &  Queen  Co^  51,  128,  284, 

433' t  434 
King  William  county,  198,  265-280 

432 

King  William  Parish,  xni 

King  Wm.  Parish  the  (Hugue- 
not Settlement,)  Vestry 
Boor  of,  65  *&g.,  1707-1750, 
175  &c.,  265  &c. 

Kings  College,  376 

Kings  Creek^  4?S 

Kings'  Manor.  327 

Kingston,  N.  Y.,  1  5 

Kinkeftd,  419,  421   422 

Kittannin^^  26 

Kircubrifht,  Scotland,  145 

Kirk,  97 

Kirkham,  58 

Kirkby-Maltory,  216 

Kirk  ley,  93,  138 

Kirthbren,  36 

Klohr,  364 

Knaresborough,  217 

Knell,  441 

Knight,  307 

Knox,  344 

Koch,  364 

Kohn.  450 

Kudlinton,  438 

Kuhn,  335 

Kuker,  370 

Kukley,  365 

Kuntz,  367 

LaFayette,  x 

LaFett,  278 

Laforce,  212 

Lain,  92 

Lake,  306 

Lake  George,  235 

Laliene,  275 

Lambs  Creek,  426 

Lampwais,  439 

Lancaster,   5,  6,  11,  14,  15,  6r,  94, 

128,  131,  141,  142,  143,148,160, 

168,  171,  308,  356.442 
Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  121 
Lancaster,  treaty  of,  129 
Lancesters    Treaty   of,    1744, 

141-142 
Land,  122-123,   128,  129.  134,  137, 

138,  177-189,  307,  356.  362,  370. 

395 
Lane,  441 
Laneyille,  53 


Lake,  306 

Lang,  121 

Langford,  407 

Langhorne,  402 

Langlade,  152 

Langley,  57 

Langton,  322 

Lanheron,  107 

Lapierre.  178-189 

Lapsky,  ^3^^ 

l^rnard.  33S 

Lamed.  344 

Larkbeld,  320 

Lascelles,  442 

Lassells,  326 

Lathorpe,  305 

Latie,  427 

Latimer,  105,  327 

LatJ^ut>,  93,  372 

Laiighlin,  430 

Laurel  Fork,  36 

laurel  Hill,  419,  421 

Lawrtnce,  63,  64,  loi,  446 

Lawren,  251, 

Lawson,  94 

Lavenham,  306 

Lax  He  Id  406 

Leach,  3^5 

Leake,  vi,  ix,  xxn,  87 

Leakin.  449 

r.eatujck,  374 

Leanock,  (Cape),  286 

Lederer,  137 

Ledicott,  199 

Lee,  XV,  xvi-xix,  5,   100,  104,  132, 

141,  142,  173,  2",  224,229,  311, 

406,417,430 
Lee,  Philip  T.  at  Eton,  211 
Lc  Kvre,  105 
Legard,  441.  442 
Leg^   429 

Legislature  of  Va.,  433 
Leheup,  136 
Leigh,  95,  209  212,  314 
Leigh,  R.  A.  Austen,  paper  by  on 

Americans  at  Eton,  209  e/  seq. 
Leily,  97 
Leizer,  297 

Lemon,  23,  27,  141,  414 
Leonard,  39 

Leseur,  67,  80,  176-189,  265-280 
Lester,  182 
Levereaux,  279 
Levenecke,  310 
Leversal,  326 
Leviathan  (Horse),  430 
LeVelam,  65,  176-189 


Digitized  by 


Google 


490 


VIRGINIA    HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Levington,  279 
Lewin,  404 

Lewis,  28  &c.,  37,  39.  46,47.    114. 
120,  138,  207,  253,  258,  259,  264, 

308,  3«4,  361,427,  429 
Lewis,  Andrew,  note  on,  264 
Lewis  and  Walker,  report  to  Lord 

Botetourt,  1769,  30  Ac,  52 
Libby  Prison,  x 
Lichfield,  434 
Licking  Run,  368 
Liecestersiiire,  216 
Liggon,  39 
Lightfoot,  35  r,  366 
Lillisdon,  105 
Linen,  54 
Linen  Cap,  304 
Linendraper,  308,  309 
Linhaven,  202,  408 
Linsell,  306 
Linton,  327 
Liquor,  61 

List  Members,  xxiii-xxxii 
Little  Carpenter,  245,  418  &c. 
Little  Fork,  156 
Little  Neck  Creek,  64 
Littlepage,  432 
Little  St.  Barcholomew,  403 
Lizeais,  94 
Lizemore,  19 
Llewellin,  54 
Llewellin,  Daniel,  will  (1664,)  with 

note,  53 
Lloyd,  54 
Lluellin.  53,  54 
Lochaber,  20 

Logg'8  Town,  xiii,  143-174,  239 
Logo's  Town,  Treaty  of,  1752, 

143  &c. 
Lomax,  143,  145,  147-174 
Lomax,  Lunsford,  note  on,  145 
London,  56,  107,  211,303,  306,  312, 

393.  394.  407,  426,  442 
London,  Bishops  of,  51 
Londoners,  xiii 
Looney's  Ferry,  6 
Long,  121,  297,  310 
Long,  Cain,  418 
Lorain,  59 
Lord,  335 

Lords,  Commr.  trade   and   planta- 
tions, 21 
Lorkyn,  322 
Lorton,  vi 
Loiiisa  county,  446 
LoursA  County,    Petition  from, 

vs.  Canning,  1775,  47 


Louisville,  333 

Loucadou,  68 

Loudoun  county,  viii,  289,  427.  433 

Loudoun,  Fort,  on  the  Tennessee, 

note  on,  257,  258  &c. 
Love,  309,  310,  427 
Low  countries,  399,  401 
Lower  Norfolk,  94,  202 
Lowney,  311 
Lowther,  402 
Loyalists,  130 
Loyds,  394 

Lucas,  19,  348,  414,  441 
Ludgate,  99 
Ludlow,  91,  107,  III 
Ludwell,  XV,  58,  435 
Lumsden,  47 
Lumpkin,  417 
Lund-on-the-Wolds,  325 
Lunenburg  Co.,  204,  258,  282 
Lung,  121 
Lunsford,  45,  406 
Luray,  Va.,  132 
Lymme,  320 
Lynch,  209,  446 
Lynches  Creek,  93 
Lynch,  Thomas,  at  Eton,  210 
Lyndale,  443 
Lynn,  114 
Lynton,  326 
Lysse,  112 

Macaulay,  288 

Mackdaniel,  417 

Macfarlane,  333 

Macferson,  93 

Macgowen,  333 
I  Machlin,  136 
j  Machodoc,  201 
I  Mackay,  140,  354,  35^ 
j  Macon,  425 
'  Mad^wick,  59 

I  Madison,   135,   351,  352,  360,   426, 
I         427,  428,  430 
I  Madison  Co.,  115 

Madison  Hall,  360 
I  Madison's  Report,  431 

Maginnis,  446 

Magnolia,  434 

Maitland,  446 

Maize,  65,  77,  185 
I  Major,  197,  311 
!  Makmete,  440 
I  Malcolm,  348 
I  Maiden,  194 

,  Malet,  67,  80,    106,  loS,   112,   265- 
I  280 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


491 


Mallagh,  447 

Mallorie,  George,  will  (161 5,)  441 

Mallory,  61,  216-219,  324-329,   444 

&c. 
Mallory  arms,  216 
Mallory    Family,  216   &c.,  324 

&c.,  441  &c. 
Mallory,  William,  will  U475,)  324 
Mallory,  Sir.  Wm.,  will  (1603,)  329 
Malthouse,  218 
Malt  Loff,  310 
Malts,  310 
Manassass,  289,  446 
Mandeville,  397 
Maneld,  340 
Mankiller,  260 
Mann,  39 
Manning,  222 
Mannsell,  196 
Mannsfield,  433 
Manongohela,  35 
Mant,  409 
Maps,  334 
Mason.  55,  94 
Masons,  428 
Masons    of  Richmond,    celebrate 

St.  Johns  Day,  1791,  215 
March,  309 
Marcombe,  204 
Marit,  414 
Marine  Ins.  Co.,    Alexandria   Va., 

430,  432,  433 
Marine,  49 
Marion,  N  C,  446 
Markland,  409 
Markum,  93 
Marlboro,  99,  211 
Marriages,  397,  399 
Marriott,  194 
Marsh,  440 

Marshall,  xxi,  314,  389,  397 
Martain,  175-189 
Martin,  64,  67-80,  197-199.  339»  367, 

369 
Martin  Family  (Caroline  and  King 

William),  note  on,  198 
Martin,  Mrs.  Martha,  epitaph  (1738), 

199 
Martin,   Sparks,    will    (1787)    with 

note,  197 
Martins  Brandon,  405 
Marvin,  345 
Marye,  65,  66,  77,  176 
Maryland,  6,  15,  129,  138,  210,  211, 

290,  336,  352,  390,  391,  449.  450 
Maryland  Calendar  of  Wills, 


Vol.  ii,  1685-1702,  by  Jane 
Baldwin,  notice,  450 

Maryland  Historical  Maga- 
zine, published  by  the  Mary- 
land Historical  Society.  Re- 
view, 449 

Massacre,  397 

Massanutton,  120  etc.,  295,  360 

Massanution  Creek,  297 

Masanutton  settlement,  295  etc. 

Massanutting  Town,  138 

Massie,  xv 

Materbe,  320 

Matheses,  93 

Mathews,  37,  39,  224,  2^8,  315, 
389,  398,  401,  428 

Maton,  278 

Mattapony,  200 

Mauldon,  351 

Maury,  426 

Maxwell,  xi,  338.  343,  344,  345, 
406 

Mayer,  vi,  x,  58,  212,  213,  353,  438 

Mayo,  144 

McAfee,  333 

McCabe,  xx,  xxi,  xxii,  209 

McClure,  350 

McCollum,  336 

McCommico,  215 

McCormick,  349,  414 

McCoull,  428 

McDaniel,  417 

McDonald,  346,  347,  375 

McDowell,  12,  331,333 

McDugle,  93 

McGili,  428 

McGoffin,  333 

McGowan,  446 

McC-iuire,  xxii 

Mcintosh,  339,  344,  347,  349,  429 

McKarney,  333 

McKay,  133,374 

McKinney.  350 

McNabt,  215 

McNey,  416 

Mead,  434 

Meade,  409-410 

Meade,  Col.  R.  K.,  letter  1780, 
409  &c. 

Meadows,  160 

Meare,  406 

Mechlin,  442 

Medicine  chests,  338 

Meherrin,  ^3.  94 

Membership  V.  H.  S.,  iv 

Mences,  416 


Digitized  by 


Google 


492 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Menns,  417 

Menzel,  288 

Mercer,  103,310,430,  43' 

Meredeth,  xxii 

Merhbenc,  280 

Meriwether,  48,  64 

Merrifield,  304 

Merton,  438 

Meyer,  365,  367 

Miamis,  143,  152,  153 

Michaux,  104 

Michelson,  54 

Michael,  93 

Micheldeves,  59 

Mickhethwaite,  404 

Micou,  104,  105 

Middleburg  Academy,  433 

Middle  Fork,  252 

Middlesex  county,  21,  62,  94,  140, 
107,  201,  203,  21  r,  212,  306 

Middle  Temple,  210 

Middlezoy,  105 

Mildenhall,  427,  432 

Milend,  201 

Military  stores,  342 

Militia,  3,  54 

Militia,  Virginia,  in  the  Revo- 
lution, 16  &c.,  206  &c. 

Miller,  x,  120-138,  296,  414,  417 

Mills,  114,  311,  404 

Mill  Swamp,  64 

Milner,  94,  95 

Milton,  63,  334 

Minnicker,  94 

Minchard,  205,  304 

Minefie,  390 

Mines,  398 

Mingjoes,  24 

Ministers,  193,  194,  315,  316.  390 

Minnis,  347 

Minor,  xvi,  427,  432 

Missenden,  405 

Mississippi,  449 

Mississippi  Territorial  Ar- 
chives, Executive  Journals  of 
Governors  Sargent  and  Clai- 
borne, Review,  449 

Mitchell,  XX,  xxii,  314,  330,  408, 
426 

Mitchell,  Prof.  S.  C.  Review  of  The 
Rise  of  the  New  South,  by  P. 
A.  Bruce.  329  &c. 

Mohair  Petticoat,  408 

Mohawks,  ^,  15,  27 

Mohawk  River,  35  1 

Mohun,  19,  206,  207  I 

Moler,  414  1 


Monfor,  269,  272 

Monocacy,  138 

Monongahela,  168 

Montgomery,  11,  17,  135,  252 

Montacute,  105 

Montague,  49,  212 

Montour,  143,  144,  150 

Moone,  440 

Mooney,    2-16,   131,    137,  227  &c., 

286-295 
Moore,  xvi,  129,  143,  222,  290,  336 
Moorefield,  407 
Moravians,  9,  297 
Moravian  Missionaries,  xii 
More,  203 

Morgan,  6,  288,  351,  352,  413,  414 
Monset,  80,  177-189,  280 
Morris,  335,  336,  414 
Morrison,  -^8 
Morris  Plains,  94 
Mors,  109 
Morsett,  417 
Morson,  431 
Mortar,  440 
Mortimer,  434 
Mortuaries,  394 
Morrill,  217 
Mosely,  194 
Mottram,  201 
Moulsen,   Peter,  will  (1674,)    with 

note,  403 
Mountjoy,  315,  316 
Moye,  407,  408 
Mojres,  202 
Mt.  Vernon,  210,  432 
Muesen,  368 
Muhlenburg,  338,  339,  340,  341,345, 

347.  349 
Mullord,  197 
Myllin,  428 

Munford,  ii,  vi,  vii,  x,  xxii,  203,  291 
Murder,  171,  390,  392 
Murphey,  349 
Murr,  311 
Murray,  46 
Murry,  93 
Muse,  93,  430 
Music,  430 

Music  in  Richmond,  1791,  215 
Musgrave,  390 
Muskingum,  143 
Muster  Roll,  348 
Mutres,  93 
Myers,  xvi,  xviii 
Mylcome,  108 
Mylford,  440 
Mylle,  441 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


493 


My  Lord's  Island,  406 

Nachmann,  415 

Naflford,  200 

Nagle,  340 

Nansemond  Co.,  7, 17-18, 19,  63,  95 

Maasemond  Indians,  7,  399 

Nansemond  Town,  309 


Nash,  98,  xss 

Nasau  Hall,  45 

NassU'bltgcix,  ^6S 

Natfhejj,  34B 

Natoht^/  Tn-lirMis.  note  on,  245 

Naul.  366 

Nawll,  107 

Naylor,  aai 

Naylor's  Hole,  104 

Ne^rs  Mounts  366 

Nebraska,  H2 

Neck-of  Land.  55 

Neele,  108  | 

Negro,  loyal  during  Revolution,  x  j 

Nelson,  402-403,  414 

Nelson  Arms,  403 

Nelson,    Hugh,    will    (1708)    with 

note.  402,  403 
Nelson,  Hugh,  will  (1738),  403 
Nelson,  Thos.,  epitaph  ( 1745).  403 
Nessingwyke*  440 
Nethersole,  330 
Ne  t  her  wood  t  205 
Nctt,  107 

Neu  Gefimdnes,  Eden  in  Va.,  282 
Nevill,  222,  348 
Nevison.  100 
New,  433 
Newberry,  251 
Newbold  HjiII,  428 
New  Boule,  311,  312 
Newby,  329,  441 
New  England,  393,  400,  427 
New  Foundland,  399 
New  Fychsiryt  Htfl,  205 
New  Hope  Church,  3 
New  Jersey,  27,  94,  285,  regiment  of 

MS 
X.  -.A  K-n?  C  ,  63,95,  200 
Newport,  211,  296,  442 
New  Sarum,  439 
Newspapers,  434 
Ne\vtt>n,  ■■.  \  44  J 
Newton  Limaddy,  Ireland,  145 
New  York,  15,  132,  136,  373 
New  York  Council,  292 
Nicholas,  19,  347,  349.  429 
Nicholson,  vi,  314,  317 
Norborne  Parish,  412 


Noel,  201 

Norfolk,  215,  434 

Norfolk  Academy,  426 

Norfolk,  great  storm  at,  1786,  215 

Norfolk  and  Portsmouth  Herald, 

434 
Norris,  429 
North,  409 

Nonhallerion,  326.  337 
North  American  Indians,  16 
Northampton,  i8p  94,  3t4-3i7»  33^ 
Northamptonshire,  x 
North  Branch,  286 
North  Carolina,  20,  93, 137,  144,  231, 

iSo 
North  Carolina  brigade,  344 
Northern  Neck,  115,  117,  144,  283, 


363  &c  ,  368 
rth    " 


North  Mountains,  6 
NorihuiubcilriiKi,  95,  201,  327 
Norton,  217 
Norton-Conyers,  217 
Nottingham,  127,  317 
Ntmouay    Indians,   3-16,    93,    286, 
290-295,  note  on  290,  notice  of 

3,  7 
Nottoway  River,  282 
Nottoway  Town,  8 
NuVM  :^:f_nl:t,  400 
No  well    J  96 
Nowtnnd,  415 
Nozes  Neek,  202 
Nun  wick.  327 
Nutmeg  Qua  iter,  63 
Nutt,  99 

Oconostota,  257,  4:8  &c. 
Oconostota,  Cherokee  Chief,  note 

on,  257 
Occupason  Creek,  309 
Ocquebe,  277 
Officers,  V.  H.  S.,  xxiii 
O^den,  340 

Ohio  River,  6,  143,  148,  171 
Okebey,  77 

Okonostoto,  letter  from,  1775,   418 
Old  Bay  ley,  99.  191 
Old  Britain,  152 
Old    Hop,  Cherokee   Chief,    note 

on,  236 
Ombersley  Court,  x 
Onconago,  257,  262 
Onas,  170 

Oneedas,  11,  13,  15,  27,  150 
Oneida  Castle,  N.  Y.,  118 
Oneyedo,  13 

Onondago,  13,  15,  27,  167,  171 
Opaskankano,  394 


Digitized  by 


Google 


494 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Opequon,  127,  131,   287,    289,   351, 

354 
Orange  county,  114-139,   224,296, 

351.  363,  372,  426,  427,432 
Orange  Co.,  organization  of,  351 
Orange  grove,  224 
Orange  Hill,  43a 
Orde   Booke,  vi 

Ortli.'T  Books  of  Revolution,  338-350 
Oriel  College,  51,  212 
Orrin  Bridge,  94 
Osborne,  55 
Oswegy,  26 
Otteley,  209 
Otterle,  257 
Quia  cite,  260 
Over  1. evens,  445 
Overton,  SamueJ,  note  on,  264 
Owens,  37,  38,  39 
Ovvnlev,  416,  417 
Oxford,  5 J,  144.  ^04,  325 

Page,  117 -120,    128,    138,296,314, 

348,  432,  433 
Page-Land,  117 
Page  Valley,  123 
Paine,  193,  213 
Palace,  50 
Palatinate,  287 
Palmer,  297,  404,  440 
Pally vicine,  306 
Pamuukey  River,  389,  393 
PamuTikeys,  390 
Panete,  71,  179-189 
Panton,  376,  383.  385-388,  390,  392, 

393 
Panton,   Rev.  Anthony,   case,  383 

&c.,  386,  387 
Panton,  Rev.  Anthony,   report  on 

petition  of,  1639,  376 
Panton,  Rev.  Authouy,  petition  of 

1639,  376 
Paradise,  Essex  county,  428 
Paris.  230 
Parish,  47 
Parishioners,  273 
Parke,  63,  64,  192,  ^06 
Parke,  William,  will    (1634,)    with 

note,  192 
Parker,  19, '81--87,  306.  348,  405 
Parker,  John  A.,  sketch  of,  81  &c. 
Parkinson,  306 
Parks,  214 
Parrett,  309 
Parsons,  1 10 
Pasteur,  Dr.   \Vm.,   deposition   as 


to  removal  of  powder,  Wil- 
liamsburg, 1775,  48  &c. 

Patcham,  Sussex,  210 

Patching,  211 

Paterson,  337,  419 

Patman,  326 

Patterson,  xvi,  xxii,  93,  344,  345, 
350 

Patton,  12.  123,  143,  145-174,  427 

Patton,  Jas.,  letter,  Dec.  18,  1742, 
12 

Patton,  James,  note  on,  145 

Paul,  87 

Paulett,  108 

Pauling,  345 

Paulitz,  364,  365,  373 

Paunsherst,  220,  318 

Pavlur.  365,  372 

Pawktt.  107,  43^ 

Pax ton  Parva,  195 

Payne,  194,  213,  446 

Peachey,  215,  426,431 

Peaks  of  Otter,  45 

Pearce,  305,  414 

Pearcey,  58 

Pearis,  236 

Pearse,  352,  353 

Pedee,  93 

Pedyll,  44r 

Peen,  67-80,  181 

Peirsey,  204,  205 

Pembroke,  197,  428 

Pende,  320 

Pendergast,  197 

Pendleton,  416,  417 

Pene,  180 

Peniell,  308 

Penley  Croft,  445 

Penn,  417 

Pennsylvania,  6.  9,  13,  26,  123,  134. 
281,  289,  290,  336,  349,  352,  357, 
418-424 

Pennsylvania  and  Virgin ia.  Papers 
in  regard  to  boimdary  line  dis- 
pute, 1775,  4»8  &c. 

Pennsylvania,  Council  of,  14,  144 

Penrith,  402-403 

Pequa,  143 

Percy,  298 

Perjurers,  Punishment  of,  389 

Perjury,  389 

Perkins,  208,  335 

Pero,  67-80,  175-189,  265-280 

Perrott,  62 

Per  row,  327 

Perry,  176,  198 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


495 


Pery,  109 

Peru,  275 

Perut,  279 

Pescud,  224,  446 

Peters,  27 

Petersburg.  Va.,  93,  215,  434,  447 

Petersburg,  town  officers  of,  1786, 

«     ^'5 

Petey,  77 

Petlow,  351 

Petsoe  Parish,  310 

Pelt.  323,  435 

Pett  Place,  322 

Pettels,  414 

Pettus,  47 

Pets  worth,  311 

Pevinton,  220 

Peyton,  124,  429 

Phelps.  197 

Philad^lplila,  89,  J7g,  363,  447 

Phvladtlpbia  Synod,  40 

Philadt^lpliin,  ship,  90 

Phillips,  vi.  ix,  47,   130,   135,   308, 

309,  333,  416 
Phillips,  John,  land  grants  to,  308, 

309 
Phillips,  Richard,  will  (1704)  with 

note,  308 
Pickeit,  433 
Piedmont,  3 
Pierce,  82 
Pillory,  389 
Pipe.  305 
Pipe  staves,  396 
Piper,  350 
Pipes,  154 
Piqua,  152 
Piquet,  .^3 
Pitch  and  tar,  396 
Pitt,  58,  97 
Pitts,  170 

Pittsburg,  144.  352 
Pittsylvania,  283,  430 
Plank.  19 
Pleasants,  vi,  37 
Pledges,  93 
Plumer,  321 
Plumpton,  217 
Pockering,  408 
Pockinses,  94 
PocklinKtoii,  442 
Point  Comfort.  389,  401 
Pokmwell^  ro9 
Polelts,  322 
Foley,  60 
Polk,  81 
Pollock,  450 


Pommell,  403 
Pond,  417 
Poor,  338,  344 
Popcastle,  426 
i  I 'ope,  414 
Pfjptrley,  107 
Pople,  toS 

Poropotank  Creek,  311 
Porscenet,  436 
Porter.  335.  343 
Porleous,  310,  311,  312 
Porteus,  Edward,  epitaph,  (1699,) 

Porteous.  (Porteus)  Edward,  will 
(1700,)  with  note,  310 

Porteus  family,  note  on,  311,  312 

Porteus,    Robert,  epitaph,   (1758,) 
312 

Ports,  93 

Port  Conway,  races  at,  426 

Portobago,  145 

Port  Royal,  428 

Portsmouth,   19 

Port  Republic,  120,  360 

Portyr,  71 

Potash  quarter,  409 

Potumac.  6,  9.  94, 117,  129,  201,  352 
J53.  357-360*  363 

Poll,  ^98.  390,  400,  401 

Poltinger,  428 

Potter,  62 

Poulett,  106 

Pounceforf,  106,  109 

Powder,  399 

Powder- Horn,  48-50 
.  Powder  removal  of,  from  Williams- 
I  bur^  magazine,  48  &c. 

FowtflL^S,  508.  317   417 

Powhatnii  county,  134 
,  i'owhatan's  Swamp," 390 

Powhatan's  Tree,  390 

Powldom,  107 

Powlett,  109 

Prat,  280 

Pratt,  vi 

Prenchie-Uran,  243 

Prentis,  52,  335 

Prerogative  Court,  xiii 

Presbyterian i^m  in  Virginia,  40  &c 
Presbvtkrian  Protest  vs.  Tol- 
eration ACT,  40  &c. 
Presents,  156 

President's'Report,  11  to  XXII. 
Preston,  62,  252,  322,  404 
Prestley,  05 
Prestwould,  428 


Digitized  by 


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496 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Price,  37.  39,  55,  205 

Prince  Edward,  17 

Prince  Edward  County,  283 

Prince  George  County,  15,  17,  257, 

282,  289,  446 
Prince  William,  61,  117,  438,  434 
Prince  William  County  Court,  429 
Prince's  Island,  406 
Princess  Ann,  17,  18 
Printed  Laws  of  Virginia,  1730,  214 
Prisoners,  16,  399 
Privy  Council,  378,  398 
Probert,  197 

"Processioning,"  note  on,  66 
Proctor,  419 
Proud, 357 
Prosser,  213,  214 
Prostestants,  282 
Prouet,  68,  80 
Providence  (sloop),  88 
Provost  Marshall,  389,  394,  395 
Pryor,  314 

Publication  Committee,  XI 
Public  Money,  424 
Puckle,  406 
Puritans,  108,  145 
Purton,  406 
Purvis,  201 
Puryear,  39 
Putnam,  334 

Quakers,  213 

Quakers  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia, 

289 
Quantain,  67 

Quarter  Court,  389,  397,  392 
Quarles,  i^  ^j% 
Quarter  Master,  340 
Queens  Crk,  64,  307,  308 
Quicke,  Wm..  Reference  to  Will, 

(1615),  with  Note,  404 
Quilter,  201 

Quit   Rents,  10,  14,  16,  51,  352,  423 
Quit  Rents  in  Virginia,   Petition, 

1639,  in  regard  to,  377 

Racing,  426,  429,  430 

Radcliffe,  327 

Ragland,  48 

Raglen,  39 

Raine,  216 

Raines,  17 

Rake,  200 

Raleigh,  x 

Ralins,  112 

Randall,  310 

Randolph,  xv,  16,  17,  48,  55,  58,  94, 


99,  209,  2 1 1-2 13,    228-262,  358, 

396,  448 
Randolph,  Beverley,  at  Eton.  209 
Randolph,  Peter,  note  on,  228 
Randolph,  William,  at  Eton,  211 
Ransdell,  18 
Ranson,  17,  314 
Ratcliffe,  219 
Rations,  17.  18,  19 
Rapidan.  115,  363 
Rapine,  175-189 
Rappahannock,  4,  65,  66,  95,  129, 

20  r,  308,  351,  353-368 
Rappahannock  River,  433 
Rawlinon,  437 
Raynton,  329,  404,  441 
Reade,  17,  252,  260,  324,  385-388, 

402,  442 
Reade,  Geo.,    to    Robert  Reade, 

1640,  387 
Rebecca,  ship,  404 
Rector,  370 
Redcliffe,  310 
Redding,  Eng.,  204 
Redman,  18 
Redmans,  402 
Reed,  333 
Reeder,  82 
Reedy  Island,  89 
Reedy  River,  21 
Reves,  409 
Reid,  133 

Religion,  265  &c.,  315  &c.,  431 
Religious    toleration    in    Vir9inia, 

1774, 40  &c.  .      , 

Religious    toleration  in  Virginia, 

bill  for,  1772,  40  &c. 
Rentfro,  18,  19 

Republican  electral  ticket,  433 
Republican  newspaper,  433 
Republican  paper,  430 
Revenue,  135 
Revenue  Laws,  139 
Revington,  318 
Revolution,  130,  134,  337-350 
Revolution,   Virginia    Militia 

IN,  16  &c. 
Revolution,  movements   of  south- 
ern army,  1782,  93  &c. 
Revolutionary   Army   Orders, 

FOR  THE  Main  Army  Under 

Washington,    1778- 1779,   337 

&c. 
Revolutionary  Convention,  46 
Revolutionary  diary,  1782,  92  &c. 
Rey,  192 
Reynolds,  312 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX^ 


497 


Rhine,  287 

Rhode  Island,  88 

Ribbon  Weaver,,  197 

Rice,  17,  45 

Rice,  David,  note  on,  45 

Rich,  4^6 

Richards,  56 

Richardson,  xxii,  17, 196,  350,  403 

Richland,  251 

Richlin,  jx^ 

Richmond,  93,  182,  425,  428 

Richmond,  celebration  of  St  John's 

Day  in,  17^1,  215 
Richmond  Choir,  The,  1791,  215 
Richmond  county,  19,  224,  430,  431 
Richmond  Enquirer,  434 
Richmond  Hill,  433 
Richmond,  Music  in,  1791,  215 
Rich  Neck,  56 
Richter^  367 
Rickahock,  64 
Rickenbaugh,  333 
Riddick,  17,  18 
Rifle  Corps,  288 
Rifles,  346 
Right,  414 
Rinehart,  121,  297 
Ring,  94 
Ringe, John,  Will  (1637),  with  Note, 

409 
Ringfleld,  409 
Rion,  414 
Ripley.  327 

Ripon,  219,  327,  441,  442 
Ripon  Cathedral,  312 
Ripon  School,  444 
Ripon  Hall,  312 
Ripon  Marks,  326 
Ripon  Minster,  441,  445 
Rise,  the,  of  the  New  South, 

BY  P.  A.  Bruce,  Review,  329, 

&c. 
Ritchie,  81,  87,  417,  432 
Rite's  Place,  93 
Rittenhouse,  352 
Rivanna,  416  • 
Riverton,  117,  289 
Rives,  16 
Roades,  403,  404 
Roam,  18 

Roanoke,  6,  8,  94,  294 
Roberts,  17,  18,  317,  415 
Robins,  18,  94,  3M,  3i5,  316,  3^7 
Robinson,  17,  18.  51,  52,  70-80,  93, 

94,114,128,  129,130,  132,  135, 

137,  175,  189,  290,  304.365,  381, 

389,  402,  408 


Robinson,  Commissary  Wm.,  War- 
rant for  Pay,  51 

Robinson,  Rev.  Wm.,  Note  on,  51 

Robinson  River,  3,  365 

Rocheford,  59 

Rockbridge,  6,  11 

Rockett,  Francis,  Will  (1749),  with 
Note,  63 

Rockingham  County,  Va.,  118,  296 

Rockingham,  N.  C,  137 

Rodgers,  18 

Rogers,  16,  17,  93,  333,  335 

Rokesbjr,  443 

Rolfe,  Thomas,  petition,  1641,  394, 

395 
Rolhson,  18 
Roman  Catholic,  442 
Romans  of  the  West,  16 
Rood,  121 

Rookes,  303,  305,  439 
Rootes,  434 
Rope  Maker,  431 
Rose,  100,  102 
Rosegill,  140,  212 
Ross,  127,  130,  289  &c. 
Rossmadress,  221 
Rousby  Hall,  211 
Rouviere,  67-80- 
Row,  208 
Rowe,  320,  321 
Rowland,  vi,  18,  19,  449 
Rowbright,  Magua,  437 
Rowth,  326 
Rowzie,  224,  447 
Roxwell,  54 
Royall.  39,  54,  58 
Royal  Charter,  369,  373 
Royce,  228,  144 
Royster,  18,  333 
Royston,  16 
Rubsaman,  17 
Rucker,  17,  18,  417 
Ruddell.  18 
Rudder,  350 
Ruger,  18 

Rug.  19,  54,  57,  307 

Ruggles,  305,  306,  448 

Ruggles,  George,  will  (1622)  with 

note,  305 
Rum,  342 
Rumbottom,  17 
Runaways,  392 
Rupp,  288 

Russell,  211,  283,  284,   286-295,  354 
Russell,  William,  note  on,  283  &c. 
Rust,  18 
Rqter,  205 


Digitized  by 


Google 


498 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


Rutherford,  415 
Rye,  404 

Sachims,  5.  94,   141  -i47,   160-174, 

234-264 
Saddles,  94 
Sainsbury,  375 
Sale,  207,  417 
Salem,  284,  289 
Salisbury,  231,  427,  433,  439 
Salle,  65,  66,  67-80,  i75-i89»  265- 

280 
Sallens,  208 
Sallcy,  209 
Salt  Cetchu  Ferry,  93 
Salter,  54 
Salt  Works,  389 
Sal  way,  194 
Sampson,  333,  440 
Sandson,  402 

Sandys,  x,  298,  375,  39^,  447 
Sandifer,  208 
Sandsford,  94 
San  Louis  obispo,  447 
Santee,  93 
Sapony  Indians,  i  Ac,  137,   280, 

286,  290,  294 
Sara  Indians,  137 
Sargenson,  303 
Sarum,  440 
Saunders,  xvi 
Savannah,  9^ 
Savannah  River,  21,  23 
Saw  Mills,  389 
Sayer,  322 
Scalping,  260 
Scarborough,  94 
Scarlett,  94 
Schanebley,  414 
Scheibli,  365 
Schell,  135 
Schmidt,  365 
Schnell,  9 
Schoolcraff,  118 
Schools,   250,  425,  426,    427,   428, 

431,  432,  433 
Schouler,  450 
Schutz,  414 
Schuyler,  vi 
Scioto,  143 
Scotelar,  67 
Scotchmen,  xiii 
Scotch-Irish,  282  &c. 
Scotland,    105  Ac,    311,  327,  344, 

361,  373,  426,  429 
Scott,  19,  67-80.  i8r,  202,  206,  212, 

434 


I  Scrivelsby,  442 
I  Scriven,  326,  327 
I  Scrosby,  224 
I  Scruggs,  207 
I  Seager,  192 
!  Searle,  203 
I  Sea  well,  208,  314 

Secretary  of  State,  389,  390,  391 
I  Seely,  340 

Selby,  325 

Selden,  37,  39,  208,  324 

Selzer,  121,  122 

Senecas,  15,  27,  160 

Senedos,  358 

SenzabacK,  133 

Servants,  67-80,  108,  175-189,  387 

Servants,  white  owning  property, 
1636,  204 

Sesauaressua,  27 

Settler,  133 

Sever,  207,  4I4 

Seward,  206 

Seward,  John,  will  (1651)  with  note, 

310 

Sewell,  414 

Sexion,  275 

Shackelford,  19,  207 

Shaflsbury,  108 

Shamoken,  2 

Sharp,  58,  201,  206 

Shaw,  211 

Shawnese,    24,  129,  134,  165,  227- 
264,  357 

Sheald,  206 

Sheets,  440 

Sheible,  367 

Shelby.  333 
I  Shelton,  47,  48,  417 

Shenandoah,   114,  115-139,  287-297, 
I         353-360       ^ 

I  Shenandoah  River,  note  on,    118 
,         &c. 
!  Shenapins,  164 

Shepsy,  222 
I  Sherundo,  283,  352 

Sheriffs,  391.  392,  394 

Sherlock,  51 
;  Sherman,  87.  306,  307,  343 

Shermer,  206 

Sheppard,  x,  39,  317 

Shields,  xvi.  208 
I  Shingas,  155 

Shiphood,  417 
;  Shipman,  94 

Ship  Owners,  1639,  petition  of,  378 
I  Shipp,  207 

Shippen,  336 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


499 


Shippey,  408 

Shipton  Mallet,  307 

Shirley,  54 

Shoat,  208 

Shobden,  199 

Shoes,  315 

Shopkeeper,  54 

Shore,  215 

Shoreditch,  197 

Shower,  133 

Sidway,  56 

Sikes,  206 

Silk  cap,  304 

Silver  Bluff,  23 

Silver  cup,  435 

Silver  mine,  397 

Silver  plate,  306 

Silverspoons,  440 

Silverware,  311,  397,  435.  44° 

Silvester,  203 

Simmonds,  205,  207 

Simpson,  207 

Simms,  208 

Sinclair,  208 

Siouan,  Tribes,  2-14,  137,  227-264 

Sirrell,  195 

Six  Nations,  (Indians,)  5,   xiii,  13, 

23,  125  &c.,  132,  i4i-'-i74,  233, 

264,  290,  357  &c. 
Six    Nations,  (Indians,)   note  on, 

124,  131,  132  &c. 
Six  Nations,  (Indians,)  treaty  with 

at  Fort  Stanwix.  1768,    23  &c. 
Six  Nations,  (Indians,)  treaty  with 

at  Logg*s  Town,  1752,  143  &c. 
Sizemore,  19 
Skelle,  444 
Skelton,  405 
Skiminoe  Swamp,  64 
Skinner,  206,  426 
Skins,  254 
Skipton  Castle,  445 
Skip  with,  428 
Slater,  408 

Slaughter,  17,  145,  351,363 
Slavery,  84,  395,  432 
Slingsby,  200,  326,  327 
Slippers,  305 
Smaley,  444 
Smallpox,  227 
Smead,  335 
Smerden,  320 
Smith,    19,   27, 37,  39,   48,   94,  95, 

100,  113.  128,  129,  130,  169,  195 

206,  207,  208,  227,  248,  249,  253, 

257-264,    289,    298,    311,  351, 


I   .      352,  367.  370,  372,  395, 407,  408, 
'  414,  433,  434.  443 

Smyth  e,  448,  480 

Smythson,  205 

Snead,  ix 

Snowden,34t 

Snow  Hill,  292 

Snud,  414 

Snyder.  365,  367 
I  Soblet,  65,  66,  67-So 

Soldiers,  349 

Somerset,  307,310 

Somerset  Home,  56,  97 

Somersetshire,  England,  144 

Sotherton,  191 

Soulie,  67-80 

Sou  thai!,  19,  206,  207,  208 

Southampton,  59,  448 

South  Branch,  94.  129 

South  Carolina,  20,  137,  251 

South  Fork,  252 
I  Southern  Indians,  260 
I  South wark  Parish,  Surry,  59,  193, 
IQ4,  204 

South  worth,  104,  224 

Spackman,  204 

Spanish  Armada,  379 

Sparling,  19 

Spartanburg,  251 

Spears,  37 
i  Speed,  333 
I  Spencer,  201 
i  Spetelhouses,  108 

Spielmann,  367 

Spillman,  369 
,  Spotsylvania,  2,  3,  7,  8,  14,  16,  114- 
139,  211,  281  &c,,  320.  351,  352, 
356,  360,  363,  374 

Spotswood,  3,  9,  10,  15,  95-99.  Joo, 
"3,  139,  211,  224,  281-297,  358, 
362,  446 

Spotswood,  Alexander  and  John  at 
Eton, 211 

Spotswood,  Alexander,  paid  for 
services  at  Treaty  at  Albany, 
2S3  et  seg.,  293  et  seq. 

Spotswood  Family,  note  on,  95-99 

Sproughton,  306 

St.  James,  Goochland,  176 

St.  John  Coll.,  209 

St.  John's  Day,  215,  426 

St.  John's  Day,    Richmond,   1791, 

215 
St.  George's  Church,  429 
St.  George's  Parish,  295,  428 
St.  George's  War,  xv 


I 


Digitized  by 


Google 


500 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


St.  Leonard,  310 

St.  Algates,  Oxford,  438 

St.  Andrews,  439 

St.  Aunteyn,  321 

St.  Aystone  Church,  440 

St.  Bartholomew,  The  Little,  321 

St.  Cuthberts,  307 

St.  Dunstans,  201 

St.  Edmunds,  439 

St.  Marty n,  Ludgate  Hill,  191,  307, 

312 
St.  Martin  in  Vintry,  304 
St.  Marv  Overeys,  59 
St.  P^ul,  191 

St.  Peter,  Dorsetshire,  no 
St.  Peter&-the-Poof,  4« 
St.  Stephen,  408 
St.  Thomas,  310 
St.  Tolls,  438 
St.  Wilfred,  219 
Stacie,  Thomas,  will   (1619,)  with 

note,  405 
Stadler,  430 
Stafford,  61,  94,  211,   346,  368,  427, 

429,  433.  434 
Stage  wagons,  313,  314 
Staincliffe,  445 
Stalnaker,  252,  253 
Stalnaker,   Samuel,    note  on,  252 

253    . 
Stanard,  vi,  x,  xxii 
Stanford  176--189 
Stanton,  335 
Stanwix,  23.  27 
Stapleton,  327 
Starling,  10 1 
Starr,  19,  347 
State  Legislature,  46 
Stator,  417 
Staunton,  6,  150,  296 
Stavely.  328 
Steger,  loi 
Ste^g,  380,  393 
Stemkirk,  98 
Stenford,  78 
Stephen,  2or,    206,  310,   411,  413, 

428,  440,  441 
Stepney,  64 
Sterling,  338,  343,  344 
Steuben,  342 

Stevensburg,  Academy,  433 
Stevens,  v,  vi,  59,  431 
Stewart,  19,  206,  207,  208,  348,  433 
Stickly,  122 
Stiles,  X 
Still,  307 
Stillwell,  414 


Stith,  48.  54,  281 

Stoakley,  317 

Stocklyns,  436 

Stockton,  84 

Stockwood,  62 

Stogdill,  389 

Stokes,  439 

Stone,  37,  39,  95,  122, 192,  208,212, 

315,  316,  335. 
Stoney  Hill,  429 
Stony  Lick,  116 
Storer,  120-138,  295,  354-360 
Storey,  193 
Storm,  215 
Story,  68-80 
Stoup,  323 
Stourton,  106 
Stoval,  207 
Stover,  120-138 
Strasburg,  117,  133 
Stratton,  317 
Stratton-Major,  51 
Straughan,  206 
Streatlam,  327 
Street,  417 

Strickler,  121.  122,  297 
Strode,  207,  208,  414 
Strother,  431 
Strudwick,  446 
Strup,  414 

Stuart,  20,  23,  140,  245 
Stuart,  John,  letter   to  President 

Blair,  1768,  20  et  seq, 
Stuben,  345 

Studley,  217,  325-329,  442,  445 
Studley,  Magna,  326 
Studley-Royal,  216 
Sturges,  412 
Sturgeon  Fishing,  399 
Stury,  105 
Suddarth,  333 
Suffolk,  305,  406 
Summers,  03,  253,  264,  297,  338 
Sunderland,  308 
Sunderlans,  427 
Surgery  Chest,  409 
Surtees,  216.  445 

Surry,  15,  56,  95,  193,  194,  204,  290 
Sute,  191 
Sutton,  206 

Suspicious  Husband,  427 
Susquehannah,  6,  26 
Sussex,  54,  208 
Sussex  Militia,  16 
Swanley,  304,  305 
Swann,  319 
Swearinger,  414,  415' 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX. 


501 


Swell,  302 
Swepson,  19 
Swiff  creek,  94 
Swiss,  282 
Sycamores,  2i8> 
Sykes,  207 
Syme.  206  345 
Symon  (Horse),  ic8 
Symons,  204 
Syringe,  305 

Tabb,  61,  314 

Tabernacle  Alley,  59 

Taliaferro,  3,  loi,  102,  351,  426,  434 

Taiinjisee,  243 

Tangier,  98 

Tanner,  176-189 

Tappahannock,  86,  100,  224 

Tappahannock  Race*  429 

Tare,  93 

Tarlton,  196,  197 

Tasker,  210 

Tatum,  291 

Taunton,  107 

Tayloe,  430 

Taylor,   91-92,   304,  333.  35i»  360- 

368,  414,  429 
Tazewell,  428,  434 
Tebbs,  428 
Tedding^on,  203 
Tegaya,  27 
Telletchee,  258,  262 
Tempest,  217 
Tempie,  432 
Tempi  em  an  >  87 
Temple  yard,  211 
Terrel,  39,  47 
Teutonic  race,  287 
Teyanhasire,  27 
Thalnies  house,  307 
Tb  a  ran  ton,  76 

Theatre,  4^5-427,  4^8,  429,  430 
Thirsk,  442 
Thomas,  5,  13,  14,   48,  56,  77,  I44, 

289 
Thomas,  William,  will  (1660,)  with 

note,  56 
Thompson,  193-1941   333.  349.  379, 

4  4   43l>  435.  449 
Thompson  family  of  Surr>'  county, 

note  on*  193-195 
Thompson,  John,  will  (1699,)   with 

note,  193 
Thompson,  Rev.  Wm.,  (1661,  &c,) 

note  on,  193  et  seq. 
Thonariss,  J  60 
Thonorison,  174 


I  Thomehill,  109 

!  Thornton,  314,  427,  431 

;  Thoroughgoodj  192 

Throckmorton,  195,  314 
I  Throckmorton,   Robert,  reference 
;         to  will  (1699,)  with  note,  195 

Thrope  Perrow,  327 

■  Thrupp,  439 
Thrup  Manort  437 
Thruston,  203,  314 

;  Thwaites,  144,  325,  332 

Thyts.  414 

Tick's  Ford,  94 
I  Tickhill,  326 

;  Tidewater,  Va.,  4,  128,  361 
•  Tilghman,  27,  217 
I  Tilghman,  Richard,  at  Eton,  212 
I  TilRtt,  280 
I  Timberlake,  39,  48 
I  TitMdhora,  26 

TinsJey,  416,  417 
I  Tioga,  N.  Y.,  6 
I  Tithables.  68-80.  176-189 
I  TitshaJl,  406 

■  Tobacco,   55,  57,  62,  63,  72,    157, 

265-280.  381,  389,  392,  393,  395, 
i         3961  397,  39?i  40  f.  426 
Tobacco*  negotiations  in  regard  to, 

396  d  scq.  ^ 

Tobacco  plantmg  restricted,  1639, 

!  ^  .^79 
I  Tod,  427 

Todd,  ^33 

Toleration  Bill,  41 

Toley,  437 

Tomkies,  314 

Tomnas,  80 

Tomysyn,  440 

Tooksesey,  243 
!  Toolsey,  93 
;  Tuomes*  J91 
I  Torrence,  ii,  425 

Towahihie,  21 
,  Towles*  208,  430 

■  Townshend,  384 
Townson,  1 12 
Tower  street,  62 
Tower  wharf,  442 
Trabue,  175-189,  265-280 
Traders,  166 
Tradesmen,  395,  398 
Trad^ton,  26 

I  Trapier,  209 

I  Trapier,  Paul,  at  Eton,  210 

Travelling  trunk  of  1800,  x 

Tray  ton,  96 
I  Treasurers*  report,  v 


Digitized  by 


Google 


502 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


Treasury,  Lords  of,  285 
Tretheke,  105 

Treaties,  4  et  seq.y  130--174  \ 

Treaty  Between  Virginia  and 

THE  CaTAWBAS    and    ChERO- 

KEBs,  1756,  225  et  seq. 

Treaty  held  with  the  Cataw- 
ba AND  Cherokee  Indians,  { 
Williamsburg,  1756,  fac  simile,  , 
226 

Trent,  xxi,  xxii,  153,  328 

Trent,  Prof.  W.  P..  Columbia 
University.  History  in  its  rela- 
tion to  literature.  An  address 
delivered  before  the  annual 
meeting  of  the  Va.  Historical 
Society,  451  et  seq. 

Trenton,  411 

Treffortb,  442 

Trigges,  307 

Troops,  346 

Troop  of  Horse,  380 

Trucking,  395 

Trunk,  405 

Trenton,  179-189  I 

Tryon,  32 

Tryon  Mount,  21 

Tucker,  298-302,  402,  404 

Tullis,  414 

Tunstall,  xvi,  328 

Turberville,  no,  433 

Turf  Register,  vii 

Turkey,  306 

Turkey  Island,  54,  55,  58,  228,  358 

TumbuU,  231 

Turner,  64,  207,  366,  373  | 

Tuscarora  Indians,  5-9,  15,  27 

Tuscarora  Creek,  289 

Twightwee  Indians,  152,  168 

Twightwee  Indians,  note  on,  152, 

^    .^53 
Twisse,  406 
Tyler,  xxii,  340,  408 
Tyllen,  110 
Tynechie,  343 
Tyonondoa,  119 

Ukiyonroueh,  258,  262 
Underwood,  335 
Union,  251 

Umtell  Baptist  Church,  427  1 

United  States  Army,  appointment  I 
to,  428  *  I 

Upham,  63  ' 

Upton  Bishop,  199  I 

Ure,  444 
Usher,  58  1 


Uttomakin,  192 

Utie,  389 

Utz,  365,  367,  372 

Valentine,  xix,  xx/  xxii 
Valley  Forge,  xv,  342,  343.  347 
Valley  Forge,  army  orders  at,  1 778, 

337^/^^^. 
Valley  Home.  93 
Valley  Germans,  288 
Valley  Railroad,  286 
Valley  Turnpike,  286 
Valley  of  Virginia,  1 13-139,  281  et 

seq.,  351  ^tseq.,7,siy  2fio 
Valley  of  Virg^inia,  note  on,  113  et 

seq. 
Valley  of  Virginia,  notices  of,  1-14 
Van  Buren,  81 
Van  Dam,  135,  136 
Vandehouse,  133 
Van  Meter,    115,  116  et  seq.,  229- 

286,  354,  360 
Vardy,  195 
Varina,  58 
Vamey,  306 

Varnum,  339,  343,  344,  348 
Vass,  104 
Vassall,   &c.,   merchants,  petition 

of  1639,  379 
Vassall,  Samuel,  &c.,  note  on,  379 
Vaughton,  408 
Verrell,  54 
Vestall,  414 
Victuals,  244 
Vigne,  279 
Vignerons,  397 
Vigoris,  306 
Vilain,  265-280 
Violet  Bank,  311 
Vintner,  307 
Virginia  and  the  Cherokees, 

&c..    Treaties,    1768,    1770, 

139  et  seq. 
Virginia  and  the  Cherokees, 

&c..  Treaties,  20  et  seq. 
Virginia  Coast,  52 
Virginia  Company,  401-406 
Virginia  Company  of  London,  an 

introduction  to  the  records  of, 

&c.,  by  Susan  M.  Kingsbury. 

Review,  447 
Virginia,      Early     Westward 

Movement     to,     1722,     34. 

Council  Orders,  i  et  seq.,  113 

et  seq.,  281  et  seq.,  351  et  seq. 
Virginia  Gazette,  48,  434 


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Google 


INDEX. 


503 


Virginia  Gleanings  in  Eng'd  : 
Barnabe,  Richard  (1636),  303 
Blagrave,  Thomas  (I C88),  203 
Ely.  John  (1664).  57 
Bnstow,  Robert  (1707),  59 
Bugg«.  Nathaniel  (1656),  406 
Chandler,  Edward  (1657),  309 
Chesley,  Philip  (1675),  63 
Dewall,  Edward  (1640),  204 
Draper,  Elizabeth  (1625),  204 
Efford,  Peter  (1665),  195 
Farley.  Susannah  (1656),  408 
Fleetwood,  Edward  (1609),  405 
Goudrey,  William  ( 1638),  404 
Gulstston,  Theodore  (1632),  191 
Guy,  William  (1665),  196 
Handfordjohn  (1670),  199 
Hawkes,  George  (1658),  307 
Hopkinson,  Daniel  (1656),  408 
Hough,  Francis  (164S),  62 
Howett,  John  (1659),  55 
Kempe,  Richard  (1656),  56 
Lluellin,  Daniel  ( 1664),  53 
Martin,  Sparks  (1787),  197 
Moulsen,  Peter.  (1674),  403 
Nelson,  Hugh  (1709),  402 
Nelson,  Hup:h  (1734),  403 
Parke,  William  (1634),  192 
Phillips,  Richard  (1704),  308 
Porteous,  Edward  (1700),  310 
Quicke,  William  (16:5),  404 
Ringe,  John  (1637),  409 
Roclcett,  Francis  (1749),  63 
Ruggles,  George  (1622).  305 
Sewardjjohn  (1651),  310 
Stacie,  Thomas  (1619),  405 
Thomas.  William  (1660),  56 
Thompson,  John  (1699),  193 
Throckmorton,  Robt.  (1698),  195 
Wattes,  Cornelius  (1640),  307 
Wheeler,  Richard  ( 1658),  407 
Woodhouse,  Henry  (1688),  202 
Wright,  Mottram  (1700),  201 
Virginia    Historical    Society,    an- 
nual meeting,  ii~xxii 
Virginia  Historical  Society, 
Proceedings    o?     Annual 
Meeting  and  List  of  Mem- 
bers. January  Magazine 
Virginia    Historical    proceedings, 
officers,  list  of  members   &c., 
i-xxxii 
Virginia   in   1639-40,   from  Eng- 
lish public  records,  375  et  se^. 
Virginia  Journal  and  Alexandna 
Advertiser,  434 


Virginia  Legislative  Papers, 
^6  el seg.,  \ii  et  seq,^  418-429 

Virginia  Letter  from  General  As- 
sembly to  King,  1628,  396  ei 
seq, 

Virginia  Militia  in  Revolution 
16  et  seq,,  206  et  seq, 

Virginia  Newspapers  in  the  Li- 
brary of  the  Pennsylvania  His- 
torical Society,  434 

Virginia,  religious  toleration .  in 
1.774,  40  el  seq. 

Virginia,  Southwestern  Boundary 
of,  20  et  seq,  t  139-140 

Virginia,  Southwestern  Boundary 
of,  1768-70,  20  et  seq, 

Virginia,  Southwest,  historical 
maps  of,  in  Woods-McAfee 
Memorial,  324 

Virginia  Slate  Library,  20,  425 

Visitations  of  Somerset,  436 

Voss,  22,  224 

Vowell,  108 

Wabash,  142,  143 

Waddell,  12,  252,  259,  264,  297 

Wade,  333,  417 

Wadham  College,  144 

Wagons,  19,  313,314 

Wagon  Hire,  17 

Wagon  Master,  346 

Wapfon  Road,  129 

Waine,  339 

Waite,  335 

Wake,  306 

Wake  Court,  93 

Walbran,  216,  217 

Walbrooke,  408 

Walden,  322 

Walford,  414 

Walker,  27,  28,  et  seq,,  54;  63,  159, 

210,  252,  333,  342,  429 
Wall,  136 

Wallace,  45.  46,  333,  427 
Wallace,  Caleb,  note  on,  45 
Wallashall,  200 
Waller,  142 
Wallington,  314 
Wals,  414 
Walter,  91 
Walters,  379 
Walton,  136 

Walton-on-the- Wolds,  216 
Wampum,  29,  155-174,  231-264 
Wapentakes,  445 
Wapping,  63 
War,  399 


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504 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL  MAGAZINE. 


Ward,  94,  326,  417 

Ware  River,  61,  309,  310,  329 

Warfare,  401 

Warham,  106 

Waring,  100,  440 

Warner,  201,  333 

Warner  Hall,  ix,  138 

Warrasquoyke,  204,  391 

Warriner,  205 

Warriors,  24,  234-264 

Wars,  361 

Wartiers,  417 

Warton,  404 

Warwick,  95,  105,  208,  391,  437 

Warwick  River^  391 

Washington,  viii,  x,  xv,   82-85,  95, 

131,  160,  194,  200,210,  211,  217, 

J37.  428.  429,  442 
Washington  Academy,  432 
Washington's  Birth-day,  429 
Wassanasson,  309 
Waters,  xiii,  53,  191,  303,  402 
Watkins,  37,  39 
Watson,  47 
Wattes.  307 
Watts,  197,  307 
Waughoe,  21 
Waverton,  404 
Waxham,  203 
Waxsaws,  93 
Wax-works,  432 
Wayne,  344,  346 
Wearing  apparel,  54 
Weaver,  76,  370,  476 
Weber,  367 
Webster,  196 
Weedon,  196,  338,  344 
Weevers.  105,  323 
Weir,  416 

Weiser,  13,  14,  148,  170 
Weldon,  195 

Weldon  family,  note  on,  196 
Welford,  63 
Welsh,  61,  414 
Werg,  60 
Wesson,  338 
West,  57,  95,  107,  298-302,  389,  391, 

401,430 
W^est  Augusta,  16,  419 
VV^est  Bagborough,  106 
West  Branch,  26 
West  End,  26 
Western  N.  Carolina,  i 
Westum  Water,  420 
West  Indies,  336,  385,  400 
West  Jersey,  283,  284,  289 
Westminster,  59,  376 


Westmoreland,  18,  95,  193,  327, 
402,  433 

Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  418  ei  seq, 

Westphalia,  368 

Westover  Manuscripts,  229 

West  Riding,  445 

Westward  Movement  of  Vir- 
ginia, Early,  1722-34,  Coun- 
cil Orders,  i  &c.,  281  &c., 
357  Ac. 

West  well,  319 

Wett  Wott,  76 

Wever,  176-189,  269 

Weyre,  309 

Weyre's  Creek,  309 

Wheat,  65,  77,  185 

Wheatland,  84 

Wheatley,  404 

Wheeler,  407 

Wheeler,  Richard  will  (1658),  with 
note,  407 

Whig,  434 

Whigs  of  South  Carolina,  11 

Whitaker,  95,  298-302 

White,  48,  63,  93,  94,  333,  405 

Whitehead,  200 

Whiteoak  Run,  366 

Whitely,  426 

Whiting,  224,  314 

Whitlenton,  102 

Whitlock,  37 

Whitsett,  417 

Whittingdon,  200 

Whitton,  417 

Whitworth,  191 

Wiatt,  314 

Wickins,  222,  318-324 

Wicken  Chapel,  323 

Wickins,   Kent,  illustration,  222 

Wiggles  worth,  348 

Wieser,  161 

Wighill,  327 

Wild,  64 

Wilde,  63 

Wildair,  430 

Wilderness,  432 

Wiles,  213,  214 

Wilkinson's  Place,  93 

Wilkins,  315,  316 

Wilkinson,  37,  39,  402,403 

William  (ship),  53 

William  and  Mary  College,  48,  50, 
95,  144,  250,  434 

William  and  Mary  College  Lottery, 
434 

William  and  Mary  Quarterly,  124 

Williams,  93,  loi,  199,  375 


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INDEX. 


605 


Williamsburg,  xv,  30,  48,  50,  103, 
147,  i84i  226,  236-264,  286,  289, 
308,  317,  357,  434 

Williams*  Gap,  117 

Williams*  Ferry,  6 

Williams*  Forci,  94 

Williamsport,  Md.,  6,  129 

Williamson,  177-189 

Willis,  138,  220,  221,  354-356,  426, 

439 

Wills  : 
Andrew  Brent  (1475),  439 
Giles  Brent  (1616),  109 
John  Brent  (1524),  108 
John  Brent  (1651).  J09 
Margaret  Brent  (i474)»  44° 
Robert  Brent,  (1508),  107 
Robert  Brent  (1491),  320 
William  Brent  ( 149(5),  319 
Roger  Brent  (161 6),  439 
Stephen  Brent  (1580),  no 
William  Brent  (1494)*  440 
Humphrey  Brooke  (1763),  102 
Robert  Brooke  (1778),  103 
John  Brooke  (1788),  100 
Robert  Brooke,  Jr.,  (1710),  223 
Agnes  Drakes  (1501),  321 
George  Mallorie  (1615),  441 
William  Mallory  (1475),  324 
Sir  William  Mallory  (1603),  328 

Wilmot,  91       . 

Wilson,  95,  loi,  217,  402,  446 

Wilton,  210 

Winborne,  112 

Winchelsea,  61 

Winchester,  6,  106,  116,    119,    260, 

289,351,354,  357 
Windebanke,  387-388 
Winding  Sheet,  54 
Windmill,  62, 
Wine  bowls,  307 
Wine  Court,  54 
Winford,  199,  2od 
Wingate,  208 
Winksley,  327 
Winn,  39 

Winning  of  the  West,  294 
Winslow,  91 
Winstead,  212 
Winston,  37,  38,  209,  306 
Winterboarne,  310 
Winthrop,  xvi,  xviii,  449 
Wise,  84 
Wisingfeld,  348 
Withers,  ix,  252 
Witherspoon,  330 


Withington,  xiii,  53,  191-205,  216, 

303  et  seq  ,  402 
Withy  Bush  House,  197 
Witton  Castle,  442 
Wivem,  323 
Wiwango,  169 
Wobum,  Mass.,  334 
Wolcott,  335 
Wolfe.  133,  310,  417,  440 
Wollashall,  199 
Wolves,  361 
Wombell,  222,  319 
Wood,  55,  57,  87,  109,  212,  333/427 
Wood  Creek,  26 
Wpodford,  344,  350 
Woodhouse,  202,  203 
Woodhouse,    Henry,    will    (1688) 

with  note,  202 
Wooding,  195 
Wood  MSS,  437 
Woods,  333,  334 
Woods-McAfee,  Memorial.   By 

Rev.  N.  M.  Woods.     Review, 

333  ^^^^4^- 

Woodson,  76,  212 

Woodward,  55 

Woodway,  417 

Wooler,  145 

Woollen  cap,  305 

Wootton,  307,  408 

Worcester,  199 

Workington,  445 

Worley,  175  et  seq.,  414 

Wormeley,  140,  145,  212 

Wormeley,  Ralph,  at  Eton,  212 

Wott,  179-189 

Wotton,  105 

Wren,  385,  414 

Wright,  93.  200,  201,  202,  289,  314, 
427 

Wright  iamilV)  of  Northumberland 
county,  note  on,  201,  202 

Wright,  Mottram,  will  (1700)  with 
note,  201 

Wyatt,  298-302,  333,  375,  376,  377. 
380,  381,  382,  392,  393,  397 

Wyatt's  Second  Administra- 
tion AS  Governor  of  Vir- 
ginia, from  English  public  re- 
cords, 375  ei  seq, 

Wyatt,  Governor  Francis,  letter, 
1640,  381 

Wyatt,  Sir  Francis,  note  on,  381 

Wyatt,  Ralph,  petition,  1689,  380 

Wye,  319 

Wyllsbergh,  320 


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506 


VIRGINIA   HISTORICAL   MAGAZINE. 


Wymborne,  Mynster,  109 
Wymondley,  322 
Wynchestrete,  439 
Wynman,  439 
Wynkoop,  414 
Wynn,  136 
Wynne,  81 
Wyott,  439 
Wyrrall,  326 
Wullanyngton,  108 
Wullonowa,  257 

Yankin  River,  280 
Yager,  366 
Yarward,  404 
Yates,  404 
Yeager,  373 


Yeardley,  298-302 

Yeardley,  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil, Commission  to,  March 
14,  1625-6,  2<^etseq. 

Yellow  Springs,  338 

Yellow  Water,  21 

Yeoman,  310 

Yonge,  XX,  xxii 

York,  325,  326,  363,  376 

York  Castle,  326 

York  County,  404 

York  River,  308,  311 

York  town,  28i8,  402 

Young,  333 

Zimmerman,  365,  366,  371,  372 


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PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  VIRGINIA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


**  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  New  Series.  Edited 
by  R.  A.  Brock,  Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society, 
(Seal)  Richmond,  Va.  Published  by  the  Society."-  Eleven  annual 
volumes,  uniform.  8vo.,  cloth,  issued  1882-92,  carefully  indexed,  as 
follows : 

The  Official  Letters  of  Alexander  Spotswood,  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
the  Colony  of  Virginia,  1710-1722.    Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an   • 
introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 

Two  Volumes.    Portrait  and  Arms,    pp  xxi-179  and  vii-368.  8  00 

The  Official  Records  of  Robert  Dinwiddle,  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the 
Colony  of  Virginia,  1751-1758.    Now  first  printed  from  the  manu- 
script in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes.     Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes,   pp.  lxix-528  and  xviii-768.    Portraits,  fac-stmi/e  of  letters  of  presentation 
from  W.  W.  Corcoran,  cut  ot  Mace  of  Borough  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  reproduction  of  the 
Map  of  Virginia,  Maryland,  Delaware  and  Pennsylvania,  engraved  for  Jefferson's  Notes 
on  Virginia,  1787.  ft  ft 

Documents.  Chiefly  Unpublished,  Relating  to  the  Huguenot  Emigration 
to  Virginia  and  to  the  Settlement  at  Manakin  Town,  with  an  Appen- 
dix of  Genealogies,  presenting  data  of  the  Fontaine,  Maury,  Dupuy, 
Trabue,  Marye,  Chastaine,  Cocke  and  other  Families. 
Pages  xxi-247.    Contains/or-ft'mi^of  plan  of  "King  William's  Town."  2  50 

Miscellaneous  Papers,  1672-1865.  Now  first  printed  from  the  manuscript 
in  the  Collections  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society.  Comprising 
Charter  of  the  Royal  African  Co.,  1672;  Report  on  the  Huguenot 
Settlement  1700;  Papers  of  George  Gilmer  of  **Pen  Park,**  1775-78; 
Orderly  Book  of  Capt.  George  Stubblefield,  1776;  Career  of  the 
Iron-clad  Virginia,  1862;  Memorial  of  Johnson's  Island,  1862-4;  Beale's 
Cav.  Brigade  Parole,  1865. 
Pages  viii-374.  «  fto 

Abstract  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Company  of  London,  1619- 
1624,  Prepared  from  the  Records  in  the  Library  of  Congress  by 
Conway  Robinson,  with  an  introduction  and  notes.    Vols.  I  and  IL 
Two  volumes.    Pages  xlvii-218  and  300,    The  introduction  contains  a  valuable  critical . 

essay  on  the  sources  of  information  for  the  student  of  Virginia  History.  5  00 

The  History  of  the  Virginia  Federal  Convention  of  1788,  with  some  ac- 
count of  the  Eminent  Virginians  of  that  era  who  were  members  of 
the  Body,  by  Hugh   Blair  Grigsby,  LL.  D  ,  with  a   Biographical 
Sketch  of  the  Author  and  illustrative  notes.    Vols.  I  and  II. 
Two  volumes.    Pages  xxvii-372  and  411.  ft  00 

Proceedings  of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  at  the  Annual  Meeting 
held  December  21-22,  1891,  with  Historical  Papers  read  on  the  oc- 
casion and  others. 
Pages  xix-386.    Contains  papers  on  the  Virginia  Committee  of  Correspondence  and  the 
Call  for  the  First  Congress;    Historical  Elements  in  Virginia  Education  and  Literary 
EflTort ;  Notes  on  Recent  Work  in  Southern  History;  Ancient  Epitaphs  and  Descriptions 
in  York  and  James  City  Counties,  Washington's  First  Election  to  the  House  of  Burgesses; 
Smithfield  Church,  built  in  1632,  Richmond's  First  Academy ;   Facts  from  the  Accomac 
County  Records,  Relating  to  Bacon's  Rebellion ;  Thomas  Hansford,  first  Martyr  to  Ameri- 
can Liberty ;  Journal  of  Captain  Charles  Lewis  in  Washington's  Expedition  against  the 
French  in  1755;  Orderly  Books  of  Major  Wm.  Heath    -JTy,  and  Capt.  Robert  Gamble,'i779,     ^<^ 
and  Memoir  of  General  John  Cropper.  ^.^^^^^  ^^  C:WM)Q IC 


The  full  set  of  these  publications  can  be  obtained  for  931 .00,  or  the  separate 
publications,  at  the  prices  named. 

CATALOGUE  OF  THE  MANUSCRIPTS  in  the  Collection  of  the  Virginia  Historicid  Society 
and  also  of  Some  Printed  Papers.  Compiled  by  order  of  the  Executive.  Committee.  Supplement  to 
the  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography.    Richmond :  Wm.  Ellis  Jones,  Printer.    1901. 

Paper,  120  pp.  Price,  |i.oo.  Sent  free  to  members  and  subscribers  on  receipt  of  10  cents  for  post- 
age, &c. 

AN  ABRIDGMENT  OF  THE  LAWS.  OF  VIRGINIA.    Compiled  in  1694.    From  the  origina 
manuscripts  in  the  collection  of  the  Virginia  H'Storical  Society.    80  pp.,  paper.    Richmond,  1903. 

An  edition  of  300  copies,  reprinted  from  the  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  Price, 
$1.00. 

Discount  allowed  to  booksellers. 


Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  Edited  to  Octof>er 
ist,  1898,  by  Philip  A.  Bruce,  and  since  that  date  by  William  G.  Stanard, 
Corresponding  Secretary  and  Librarian  of  the  Society,  (Seal).  Pub- 
lished Quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  Richmond,  Va. 
House  of  the  Society,  No.  707  East  Franklin  St. 

Volume  I — Octavo,  pp.  484-viii-xxvi-xxxii. 

Contains  cut  of  the  Society's  Building,  accounts  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of 
the  Society  for  the  year  1893,  and  many  exceedingly  valuable,  original  historical  documents 
and  papers  which  have  never  before  appeared  in  print.  Among  others  may  be  mentioned, 
Discourse  of  the  London  Company  on  its  administration  of  Virginia  affairs,  1607-1624; 
Abstracts  of  Colonial  Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  beginning  in  1624, 
■  with  full  genealogical  notes  and  an  extended  Genealogy  of  the  Claiborne  Family ;  The 
Mutiny  in  Virginia  in  1635 ;  Samuel  Matthew's  Letter  and  Sir  John  Harvey's  Declaration ; 
Speech  of  Governor  Berkeley  and  Declaration  of  the  Assembly  with  reference  to  the  change 
of  Government  in  England  and  the  passage  of  the  First  Navigation  Act  of  1651 ;  Petition 
of  the  Planters  of  Virginia  and  Maryland  in  opposition  to  the  Navigation  Act  of  1661 
Bacon's  Rebellion,  1676;  His  three  proclamations,  Letters  of  Sherwood  and  Ludwell,  Pro- 
posals of  Smith  and  Ludwell,  and  Thomas  Bacon's  Petition ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh 
<i650-i7oi),  a  Leading  Lawyer  and  Planter  of  Virginia,  with  a  genealogical  account  of  the 
Fitzhughs  in  England  ;  Lists  of  Public  Officers  in  the  various  Counties  in  Virginia  late  in 
the  17th  and  early  in  the  i8th  centuries ;  Roster  of  Soldiers  in  the  French  and  Indian  Wars 
ander  Colonel  Washington ;  Officers,  Seamen  and  Marines  in  the  Virginia  Nav>'  of  the 
Revolution  ;  Roll  of  the  4th  Virginia  Regiment  in  the  Revolution ;  Diar>'  of  Captain  John 
Davis  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  in  the  Vorktown  Campaign ;  General  George  Rogers 
Clark,— Roll  of  the  Illinois  and  Crockett's  Regiments  and  the  Expedition  to  Vincennes; 
Department  of  "  Historical  Notes  and  Queries,"  containing  contributions  by  Hon.  Wm. 
Wirt  Henr>-,  and  many  other  items  of  value;  Department  of  "Book  Reviews;"  A  full 
Index.  S  00 

VoLUMB  II— Octavo,  pp.  482-ii-xxiv. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  and  transactions  of  the  Society  for  the 
year  1894,  and  the  following  list  of  articles  copied  from  the  original  documents :  Report 
of  Governor  and  Council  on  the  Condition  of  Affairs  in  Virginia  in  1626 ;  Abstracts  of  Col- 
onial Patents  in  the  Register  of  the  Virginia  Land  Office,  with  full  genealogical  notes  and 
extended  enealot^ies  of  the  Fleet.  Robins  and  Thoix>ughgood  Families ;  Reports  of  Griev- 
ances by  the  Counties  of  Virginia  after  the  suppression  of  Bacon's  Insurrection  ;  A  full  his- 
too'  of  the  First  Legislative  Assembly  ever  held  in  America  (that  in  1619  at  Jamestown), 
written  by  Hon.  Wm.  Wirt  Henry- ;  The  concluding  list  of  Virginia  Soldiers  engaged  in 
the  French  and  Indian  Wars ;  The  opening  lists  of  the  Virginia  Officers  and  Men  in  the 
Continental  Line,  compiled  from  official  sources ;  A  valuable  account  of  the  Indian  Wars 
in  Augusta  County,  by  Mr.  Joseph  A.  Waddell,  with  the  lists  of  the  killed  and  wounded  ; 
Instructions  to  Governor  Yeardley  in  1618  and  1626,  and  to  Governor  Berkeley  in  1641 ;  Let- 
ters of  William  Fitzhugh  continued,  with  full  genealogical  notes;  The  Will  of  William 
Fitzhugh ;  A  rompletr  List  of  Public  Officers  in  Virginia  in  1702  and  1714 ;  Valuable  ac- 
count of  Horse  Racing  in  Virginia,  by  Mr.  Wm.  G.  Stanard ;  The  first  instalment  of  an 
article  on  Robert  Beverley  and  his  E>escendants ;  Wills  of  Richard  Kemp  and  Rev.  John 
Lawrence,  both  bearing  the  date  of  the  17th  century ;  Short  Biographies  of  all  the  members 
of  the  Virginia  Historical  Society  who  died  in  the  course  of  1894;  An  elaborate  Genealogy 
of  the  Floumoy  Family,  throwing  light  on  the  Huguenot  Emigration;  Department  of  His- 


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torical  Notes  and  Queries,  containing  many  valuable  short  liistorical  papers  and  also  Gene* 
alogical  contributions,  among  which  the  Carr  and  Landon  Genealogies  are  of  special 
interest ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  critical  articles  by  well  known  historical 
scholars.    Volume  II,  like  Volume  I,  has  been  thoroughly  indexed.  S  00 

Volume  III — Octavo,  pp.  46o-ii-xxv!ii. 

Contains  a  full  account  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Society  for  the  year  1895,  and  the  follow- 
ing list  of  articles  copied  from  original  documents :  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  con- 
tinued;  Instructions  to  Berkeley,  1663;  Virginia  under  Governors  Harvey  and  Gooch; 
Causes  of  Discontent  leading  to  the  Insurrection  of  1666  under  Bacon ;  Will  of  Benjamin 
Harrison  the  Elder;  Culpeper's  Report  on  Virginia  in  1683 ;  Defense  of  Col.  Edward  Hill ; 
A  series  of  Colonial  letters  written  by  William  Byrd,  Jr.,  Thomas  Ludwell,  Robert  Carter, 
Richard  Lee,  and  Sir  John  Randolph  ;  Decisions  of  the  General  Court  of  Virginia,  1626- 
i6a8,  first  instalment ;  Indictment  of  Governor  Nicholson  by  the  leading  members  of  his 
Council;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents,  extending  to  1635,  with  full  genealogical 
notes;  A  History  of  Robert  Beverley  and  his  Descendants,  with  interesting  Wilis  and  new 
matter  obtained  from  England  ;  Genealogies  of  the  Floumoy,  Cocke,  Carr,  Todd  and  Chap- 
pell  Families ;  Voluminous  Historical  Notes  and  Queries  of  extraordinary  original  value, 
relating  to  a  great  variety  of  subfects ;  Department  of  Book  Reviews,  containing  articles 
from  the  pens  of  well  known  historical  scholars.  Volume  III,  like  the  preceding  Volumes, 
has  a  full  index.  6  00 

Volume  IV— Octavo,  pp  493-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  Contents :  A  Marriage  Agreement  between  John 
Custis  and  his  wife  ;  A  Perswasive  to  Towns  and  Cohabitation  by  Rev.  Francis  Mackemie 
1705;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents  for  1635-6;  Army  Supplies  In  the  Revolution, 
Series  of  original  letters  by  Judge  Innes;  Attacks  by  the  Dutch  on  Virginia  Fleet,  1667  ; 
Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  for  Virginia  and  North  Carolina  1710;  Charges  against  Spots- 
wood  by  House  of  Burgess  1719 ;  Council  Proceedings,  1716-1717;  Decisions  of  Virginia 
General  Court,  1626-28  Continued  ;  Defence  of  Colonel  Edward  Hill  Continued  Depositions 
of  Revolutionary  Soldiers  from  County  records ;  Early  Spotsylvania  Marriage  Licenses; 
Genealogy— Cocke,  Floumoy,  Trabue,  Jones,  and  Rootes  Families;  Historical  Notes  and 
Queries  ;  A  full  list  of  House  of  Burgesses,  1766  to  1775 ;  Instructions  to  Governor  Francis 
Nicholson  ;  Letter  and  Proclamation  of  Argall ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ;  Narrative  of 
Bacon's  Rebellion  by  the  English  Commissioners;  full  abstracts  of  Northampton  County 
Records  in  17th  Century  ;  Ordeal  of  Touch  in  Colonial  Virginia:  Patent  of  Auditor  and 
Surveyor-General ;  Prince  George  County  Records  with  much  information  as  to  its  families  ; 
Proceedings  of  Visitors  of  William  and  Mary  College,  1716;  A  list  of  Shareholders  in  Lon- 
don Company,  1783;  also  of  Slave  Owners  in  Spotsylvania  County,  1783  ;  Virginia  Tobacco 
in  Russia  in  17th  Centur>'.    Volume  IV  has  a  full  index.  6  00 

Volume  V — Octavo,  pp.  472-i-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  Contents:  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents, 
1636;  and  Patents  and  Grants,  1769;  Rappahannock  and  Isle  of  Wight  Wills,  17th  Century  ; 
Government  of  Virginia,  1666;  Bacon's  Men  in  Surry;  and  List  of  Persons  Suffering  by  the 
Rebellion;  Boundary  Line  Proceedings,  1710;  Carter  Papers;  Case  of  Anthony  Penton; 
Colonial  and  Revolutionary  Letters,  Miscellaneous ;  Early  Episcopacy  in  Accomac  ;  Depo- 
sitions of  Continental  Soldiers;  Families  of  Lower  Norfolk  and  Princess  Anne  Counties; 
Genealogy  of  the  Cocke,  Godwin,  Walke,  Moseley,  Markham,  'Carr,  Hughes,  Winston, 
Calvert,  Parker  and  Brockenbrough  Families;  General  Court  Decisions,  1640,  1641,  1666; 
Memoranda  Relating  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  1685-91 ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell  in  Yam- 
massee  War ;  Letters  of  Lafayette  in  Vorktown  Campaign  ;  Letters  of  William  Fitzhugh  ; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams,  1769-71 ;  Public  Officers,  1781 ;  Northampton  County  Records, 
17th  Centurj*:  List,  Oath  and  Duties  of  Viewers  of  Tobacco  Crop,  1639;  Petition  of  John 
Mercer  Respecting  Marboro  Tovm;  Price  Lists  and  Diary  of  Colonel  Fleming,  1788-98;  # 

Abstract  of  Title  to  Greensprmg ;  Tithables  of  Lancaster  Coun  y,  17th  Cenlur>' ;  The  Me- 
herrin  Indians;  The  Trial  of  Criminal  Cases  In  i8th  Century.    Volume  V  has  a  full  index  S  00 

Volume  VI— Octavo,  pp.  4/3-iv-xxiii. 

Contains  the  following  general  list  of  principal  Contents:  The  Acadians  in  Virginia; 
Letters  to  Thomas  Adams ;  Journal  of  John  Barnwell ;  Vindication  of  Sir  William  Berk- 
eley ;  Will  of  Mrs.  Mary  Willing  Byrd ;  Inventory  of  Robert  Carter ;  Virginia  Society  of 
the  Cincinnati ;  Epitaphs  at  Brandon ;  Trustees  of  Hampden-Sidney  College ;  Jacobitism  in 
Virginia;  Abstracts  of  Virginia  Land  Patents;  Letters  of  Lafayette;  A  New  Clue  to  the 
Lee  Ancestry ;  Letters  of  General  Henry  Lee ;  Sir  Thomas  Smythe's  Reply  to  Bargrave ; 
Virginia  in  1623. 1623-4,  and  1771 ;  Virginia  Borrowing  from  Spain ;  The  Virginia  Company 
and  the  House  of  Commons ;  Virginia  Militia  in  the  Revolution ;  Washington's  Capitu- 
lation at  Fort  Necessity;  Election  of  Washington  (Poll  List),  1758;  Burning  of  William 
and  Mary  College,  1705;  Reminiscences  of  Western  Virginia,  1770-90,  &c.,  &c.,  &c.,  with 
full  index  6  00 


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CITY    B^NK 

I  OOF"    KICHIMIOITID,    V^. 

CAPITAL, $400,000 

SURPLUS  AND  UNDIVIDED  PROFITS,        $180,000 


WM.  H.  PALMER,  President.  E.  B.  ADDISON.  Vice-President. 

ap.i9o6-iyr.  J.  W.  SINTON,  Cashier. 

Capital,  $200,000.00.  Surplus,  $741,877.00. 

Deposits.  $4,848,000.00. 

Merchants   National   Bank, 

RICHMOND,  VA. 

United  States,  State  and  City  Depository. 

n^  INTEREST  PAID  IN 
^70  SAVINGS  DEP'TM'T 

Mercantile  Accounts  Handled  on  Most  Favorable.  Terms. 


JOHH  P.  BRANCH,  President.  J.  R.  PERDUE,  Asst.  Cashier. 

JOHN  KERR  BRANCH.  Vice>Prest.  THOS.  B.  McADAMS,  Asst.  Cashier. 

JOHN  F.  GLENN,  Cashier.  GEO.  H.  KEESEE,  Asst.  Cashier. 

jan.Z9o6-iyr. 

FENLAND  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 

Edited  by  REV.  W.  D.  SWEETING,  M.A., 

Holy  Trinity  Vicarage,  Rotherhithe,  London,  S.  E. 

A  Quarterly  Journal  devoted  to  the  Antiquities,  Geology,  Natural 
Features,  Parochial  Records,  Family  History,  Legends  and  Traditions, 
Folk  Lore,  Curious  Customs,  etc.,  of  the  Fenland,  in  the  Counties  of 
Huntingdon.  Cambridge.  Lincoln,  Northampton,  Norfolk  and  Suffolk. 
Price  IS.  6d.  per  quarter,  by  post,  is.  8d.  A  year's  subscription,  if  paid  in 
advance,  6s. — post  free.  Vols.  I,  II,  III  and  IV  now  ready,  neatly  bound, 
leather  back,  cloth  sides,  gilt  top,  lettered,  15s.  each. 

Peterborough :  Geo.  C.  Caster;  Market  Place. 

London:  Simpkin  Marshall  &  Co.,  Ld.;  and  Elliot  Stock. 


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LOWEST  FBICE8.  FINEST  GOODS. 

DIAMONDS. 

WATCHES,  JEWELRY, 

STERLING  SILVERWARE, 

Fine  Repairing.    Crests  and  Coats  of  Arms  Artis- 
tically Engraved. 

€.  liVJHftBKN   A   HON, 

api.-oot.-jan.07.  731  E»  Main  SUf  Bichmand,  Va» 

ANTIQUE©. 

5t5  EAST  MAIN  STREET,         -  RICHMOND,  VA. 

Largest  collection  of  Original  Old  Pieces  in  the  State.  Antique 
Furniture,  Old  Brass,  Cut  Glass,  Copper  Plate,  Old  China,  Engravings, 
Paintings,  etc.  Special  attention  given  to  packing  all  goods  sent  out 
of  the  City.  apl.06.lyr. 

OUR  ANCESTORS. 

THE   HISTORY  OF  FAMILIES  OF  PITTSYL- 
VANIA COUNTY,  VIRGINIA. 


Pittsylvania  County  is  the  largest  county  in  the  State  of  Virginia, 
and  was  once  even  larger,  embracing  the  territory  now  known  as  the 
counties  of  Patrick  and  Henry.  Being  incorporated  in  1767,  Pittsyl- 
vania has  had  an  interesting  history  of  its  own  for  138  years,  covering 
the  turbulent  times  of  the  Revolution. 

The  records  and  will  books  of  the  county  are  very  complete  and 
thorough,  and  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservation,  giving  a  list  of  all  offi- 
cers in  the  early  magisterial  courts;  many  rosters  of  officers  and  soldiers 
of  the  Revolution  and  Civil  Wars  and  numbers  of  declarations  of  the 
Revolutionary  soldiers. 

From  this  county  have  gone  many  pioneers  of  iron  nerve,  who 
settled  the  vast  South  and  West,  and  the  descendants  of  these  men 
would  find  the  records  of  this  county  of  untold  interest. 

I  am  in  a  position  to  furnish  copies  of  and  data  from  these  records 
at  a  nominal  price,  and  would  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  any  one 
desiring  information  concerning  them. 

Mrs.  NATHANIEL  E.  CLEMENT,     • 
Member  of  Virginia  Historical  Society, 

Chatham,  Pittsylvania  County,  Va. 


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WBITE   US  when  looking  for  rare  and  choice 
books,  particularly  Virginiana. 

OUT.QF^PBIJTT  Books,  not  in  stock,  sought 
for  and  supplied  promptly. 

This  department  has  the  personal  attention  of  our 
Mr.  J.  J.  English,  Jr.,  formerly  with  Randolph  & 
English.  Mr.  English  has  had  forty  years'  experience 
in  the  book  trade,  thereby  fitting  us  to  supply  speedily, 
and  at  reasonable  prices,  any  books  needed. 

Correspondence  and  lists  of  books  solicited  from 
collectors  everywhere. 

The  Bell  Book  &  Stationery  Co. 

914  E.    MAIN    STREET,. 
i„,y^-.yr  RICHMOND,  VA. 


The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography. 

The  Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,  which  is  issued 
quarterly  by  the  Virginia  Historical  Society,  will  accept  for  publica- 
tion a  limited  number  of  advertisements  of  a  suitable  character. 

The  special  attention  of  Schools,  Colleges  and  Booksellers  are 
called  to  these  rates. 

The  edition  of  the  Magazine  is  1,200  copies,  and  its  circulation  is 
constantly  increasing  among  foreign  and  American  scholars. 

Those  who  have  old   books,  pamphlets,  antique  furniture,  curios, 

etc.,  for  sale  will  find  it  of  advantage  to  avail  themselves  of  this  medium 

of  advertising  them. 

WILLIAM  G.  STANARD,  Editor, 

yoy  E.  Franklin,  Richmond,  Va. 


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THE 


STATE  BANK  OF  VIRGINIA, 

RICHMOND,  VIRGINIA. 


CAPITAL,         «        -        .        -        $500,000 
SURPLUS  &  PROFITS,       -        $288,000 

JOHN  S.  ELLETT.  President.  VVM.  M.  HILL.  Cashier, 

JULIEN  H.  HILL,  Assi  Cashi-r. 

3DIRSOXORS. 

J.  M.  Fourqurean,  Alexander  Cameron,  J  no.  S.  Ellett, 

James  1).  Crump,  \Vm.  M.  Hill,  Granville  G.  Valentine, 

A.  R.  Ellerson,  Horace  S.  Hawes,  J.  L.  Antrim. 

SAFE  DEPOSIT  BOXES  FOR  RENT. 

apl.i9co-iy. 

The  First  National  Bank 

OF  RICHMOND,  VA. 

(  »»:«M  In  Cjipltal. - ^ .S»Jf«  (XW.no) 

t\VlMrAL    iv'n-.-.i  -.»n.ius i..:m)0(k.  -  ^1,250,000.00 

Deposits 5,000,000.00 

LouUN 5,500,000.00 

Total  Ki-soiims 7,000,000.00 

This  is  the  iar^^est  Bank  in  V'iijj:lni.i,  and  by  reason  of  it.s  larjce  volume 
of  business  and  l.ivoralile  conneciion-^  N»jrth.  South,  East  and  West,  ex- 
tends t'acihties  at  rates  wtiich  smaller  B.inks  cmu  not  atlord.  The  expense 
of  hanilHn;;  a  larj::*-,  well  sv-srematized  business  is  also  less  in  proportion  than 
that  (if  a  smaller  institution. 

'\\w  First  Natiniml  Ilank,  in  addition  to  the  lar^^e  business  of  its  Rich- 
mond patrons,  handles,  BY  .M.AIL,  hundreds  of  accounts  for  Merchants, 
Manuf.irturers.  Corporations,  Individuals  and  Banks  throughout  Virginia, 
West  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina  and  Georjjia. 

We  invite  personal  interviews  or  correspondence  from  prospective 
patrons. 

John  B.  ruRCELL,  President. 

John  M.  Millkr,  |r..  Vice-President  and  Cashier. 
Chas.  R.  BrRNKTT.  Assistant  Cashier. 

J.  C.  J opi. IN,  Assistant  Cashier^^^  , 

''!'   ■''*  Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


The  Virginia  Historical  Society. 


Members  are  requested  to  solicit  contributions  of  books,  maps,  por- 
traits, and  manuscripts  of  historical  value  or  importance,  particularly 
such  as  may  throw  light  upon  the  political,  social  or  religious  life  of 
the  people  of  Virginia. 

The  Society  will  become  the  custodian  of  such  articles  of  this  char- 
acter as  the  possessors  may  from  any  cause  be  unwilling  to  give,  and 
in  the  case  of  family  papers  or  other  manuscripts  which  it  may  be 
undesirable  to  publish,  it  will,  upon  request,  keep  them  confidential. 

I^'A  large  yJrtf  proof  safe  has  been  secured  and  placed  in  the 
Society's  building,  in  which  all  manuscripts  and  papers  of  value  are 
carefully  preserved  by  the  Librarian. 

In  the  vicissitudes  of  war,  and  the  repeated  removals  to  which  the 
Society's  Library  has  been  subjected,  many  volumes  have  been  lost 
and  the  sets  broken.  Odd  volumes  from  the  collections  of  its  mem- 
bers and  well-wishers  will  therefore  be  gratefully  received. 

It  is  especially  desirable  to  secure  as  complete  a  collection  as  possi- 
ble of  early  Virginia  newspapers,  periodicals  and  almanacs. 

Any  book  or  pamphlet  written  by  a  native  or  resident  of  Virginia, 
published  or  printed  in  Virginia,  or  in  any  way  relating  to  Virginia 
or  Virginians,  will  be  accepted  and  preserved. 

The  Society  requests  gifts  of  photographs  {cabinet  size)  of  old  por- 
traits  of  Virginians^  or  photographs^  drawings ^  &c,,  of  Coats  of 
Arms  of  Virginia  families.  Albums  have  been  provided  and  an  in» 
teresting  collection  has  already  been  made. 


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