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THE
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^aztnV
MAGAZINE^
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
RICHMONDj VA.
VOL. XIII— No. 1.
JULY. 1906
Ealered at the Postoffice at Richmond, Va., as Second-class Matter.
WM. ELLIS JONES, PRINTER. Digitized by GoOglc
I307 E. Franklin St
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.
ARCHER ANDERSON, CHAS. V. MEREDITH,
E. W, JAMES, E. V. VALENTINE,
Rev. W. MEADE CLARK,
EDITOR OF THE MAGAZINE,
WILLIAM G. STANARD.
CONTENTS.
1. The Early Westward Movement of Virginia,
1722-1734 1
2. Virginia Militia in the Revolution 16
3. Virginia and the Cherokees 20
4. Virginia Legislative Papers 36
5. The Corbin Papers 51
6. Virginia Gleanings in England 53
7. The Vestry Book of King William Parish, Va.,
1707-1750 65
8. How James Buchanan Was Made President 81
9. Letter from John Paul Jones to Joseph Hewes ... 87
10. Historical and Genealogical Notes and Queries.... 91
11. Genealogy 100
Brent and Brooke Families.
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0
THE
VIRGINIA MAGAZINE
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
Published Quarterly by
THE VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
FOR
THE YEAR ENDING JUNE, 1906.
VOLUME XIII,
Richmond, Va:
HOUSE OF THE SOCIETY,
No. 707 East Franklin St.
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L • •••
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•••• •••
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PUBLICATION COMMITTEE,
ARCHER ANDERSON.
C V. MEREDITH,
E. V. VALENTINE.
EDWARD WILSON JAMES,
Rev. W. MEADE CLARK.
Editor of the Magazine.
WILLIAM G. STANARD.
WM. ELLIS JONES. PRINTER,
RICHMOND, VA.
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Table of Contents.
Book Reviews 329, 447
Buchanan, James, How made President. Reminiscences of John
A. Parker 81
Carriage Owners in Gloucester County, Va., 1784. Communicated
by Edward Wilson James, Norfolk, Va . . 313
Corbin Papers, The 51
Council and General Court Records, Notes from 389
Fredericksburg, Va., Gazette. 1787-1803, Memoranda from 425
Genealogy— Brooke 100, 223, 445
Brent 105, 219, 318, 435
Mallory 216, 324, 44r
Historical and Genealogical Notes and Queries 91, 209, 425
History in its Relation to Literature. An Address before the
Annual Meeting of the Virginia Historical Society by Prof. W.
P. Trent, Columbia University 473
Hungars Church, Northampton County, Va. By Thos. B. Robert-
son. Eastville, Va 315
Illustrations — General Roger Elliott, 96a; Effigies of John Brent
and Wife, iioa; Cossington Rectory, 112a: Cossington Lodge,
112a; Wickins, near Charing. Kent, 222a; Hungars Church,
314a; Charing Church, Kent, 322a; Hutton Conyers, Yorkshire, 324a
Jones, John Paul, Letter to Joseph Hewes 87
King William Parish, Vestry Book of, 1707- 1750. Translated from
the French and Edited by Prof. R. H. Fife, Wesleyan Univer-
sity 65, 175, 265
Logg*8 Town, Treaty of, 1752 143
/Google
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IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Meade, Richard Kidder, letter of 409
Rovolutionary Army Orders, for a main army under Washington,
1778-1779 337
Virginia in 1639-40. From English Public Record Office 375
Virginia Gleanings in England. By Lothrop Withington, of Lon-
don, England, and H.T. Waters, of Massachusetts, 55, 191, 303, 402
Virginia and the Catawbas and Cherokees, A Treaty Between, 1756, 225
Virginia and the Cherokees, &c.. The Treaties of, 1768 and 1770. . . 20
Virginia, Early Westward Movement of, 1722-34. Council Orders.
Edited by Charles E. Kemper, Washington, D. C. i, 113, 281, 351
Virginia Legislative Papers, 1774-75 36, 411
Virginia Militia in the Revolution 16, 206
Yeardley, Governor Sir George, and Council, Commission to,
March 14, 1625-6 298
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THE
Virginia Magazine
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
Vol. XIII. JULY, 1905. No. i.
THE EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF
VIRGINIA, 1722-1734.
As Snowx BY THE Proceedings of the Colonial Council.
Edited and Annotated by Charles E. Kemper, Washington, D. C.
Nov. 5, 1724.
On reading this day at the Board Sundry Depositions taken
before the Justices of Spotsylvania County against a Saponie
Indian named Sawnie lately returned from Canada, whereby
it appears that the said Indian did behave himself very inso-
lently threatening the Inhabitants with a speedy Incursion of
the French Indians,^ and the said Indian being examined in
*It is probable that the Indians concerned in this affair belonged to
*» Five Naions. Certain tribes living in Canada were largely under
influence of this confederacy, but it does not seem possible that
• would be permitted to penetrate so far to the south through terri-
entirely within the jurisdiction of the Inxiuois.
this date the Saponi Indians were living at Fort Christanna,
». vick county, Va. Their original habitat was on the Yadkin river
cstern North Carolina, near the base of the Blue Ridge. They were
4* v-en from this place about the year 1703 by the Iroquois. (Byrd,
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2 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Council did acknowledge that he was taken by the French In-
dians, and carried into Canada about two years ago. That
he had been with the said French Indians in an -Incursion on
the people of New England but that last Summer he was per-
mitted to go to Albany in company with some of the said
French Indians, from whence 4)y the Favour of Capt. Collins
[and] the Officers of the Fort there, he had liberty to return
to Virginia; and the said Indian alledg'd whatever he said
at Germanna in the County of Spotsylvania was spoken whilst
he was in Drink. And being examined if he brought any mes-
sage from the French Indians to the Saponies or any other of
the Tributarys or if he intended to return to Canada as he
had formerly given out, he deny'd both, But forasmuch as
it appears to this Board that the said Indian hath by his
speeches & actions given just cause of Suspicion of his ill In-
tentions It is Ord*^ that he be committed to prison there to
remain until farther Orders unless the Great Men of his Na-
tion shall engage for his good behavior, and that he shall not
depart out of this Government or hold correspondence with
any Foreign Indians. And the Interpreter is directed to sig-
nify to the Saponie Nation the Terms upon W^** they may
have the said Indian delivered to them.
May 4th, 1725.
The Governor communicating to the Council the advices he
has received that on the 26th of last month divers Indians
plundered the Quarters of Mr. John Taliaferro near the great
History of the Dividing Line, 1728, p. 8.) About 1740 they removed
from Virginia to Pennsylvania and settled at Shamokin, which is the
present site of Sunbury. (Mooney, The Sioiian Tribes of the East,
Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, 1894, PP- 50-
51.) They were finally adopted by the Cayuga tribe and removed to
New York. The Saponi were described as "the honestest and bravest
Indians Virginia ever knew." A later Council Order seems to indicate
that at least a portion of the tribe went south and joined the Catawbas.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 3
mountains" in Spotsylvania County and committed divers other
outrages to the persons & goods of sundry of the Inhabitants
there and particularly some of the Guns belonging to and
mark'd with the name of Spotsylvania County and that one
John a Nottoway Indian was amongst the said Indians, It
is ordered that it be referred to Colo. Harrison to make en-
quiry which of the Nottoway Indians or other Tributaries
have been out ahunting about that time and to give order for
a search to be made for the Guns and other goods so car-
ried away, & if he finds any of the said Tributaries have been
concerned therein that he cause them to be secured & sent to
W™burg in order to their being punished. And ior the bet-
ter securing the Inhabitants from the like insult for the fu-
ture, It is ordered that a Warrant be prepared for the Gov-
ernor's signing, impowering & requiring the commanding Offi-
cer of the Militia in Spotsylvania County, on notice given to
him of the insolencies offered by any Indians to order out
^This Order throws a clear light upon conditions which prevailed
in Piedmont Virginia only fifty years prior to the commencement of
the Revolution, and strikingly illustrates the slow westward movement
of the Colony during that period. One hundred and eighteen years
had elapsed since the founding of Jamestown, and the country at the
base of the Blue Ridge was still open to Indian incursions.
The tradition has lingered in Madison county that the first Germans
who settled there in 1724-2$ occasionally suffered from Indian depre-
dations, and it is said that the last person killed by them in that locality
resided near the present site of New Hope church. (Slaughter, History
of St. Mark's Parish, p. 46.)
John Taliaferro, here mentioned, belonged to the well-known Virginia
family of that name. He was, as has been seen, one of the first justices
of Spotsylvania. His will was probated in that count>' Aug. 7, I744»
and to his son Lawrence he devised 1,200 acres on the Robinson river;
and here probably the Indian outrages mentioned in this Order oc-
curred. (Spotsylvania County Records, New York, 1905, Vol. I., p. 7.)
Colonel Nathaniel Harrison is doubtless the person referred to in
this Order. He was a member of the Governor's Council, accompanied
Governor Spotswood to New York when the Treaty of Albany (1722)
with the Five Nations was concluded, and is mentioned in the act
establishing Brunswick county.
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4 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
parties of the Militia to seize and apprehend all such as shall
be found ranging in those parts whither (whether) they be
Tributaries or foeign Indians And in case any such be of the
five Nations and have not such a passport as is prescribed by
the late articles of peace that the said Commanding Officer
cause every such Indian to be conveyed to W"*®burg there to
be proceeded against according to the late Act of Assembly
for inforcing the Treaties made with foreign Indians, And
in case any such Indian shall resist, the Officers of the Militia
to .whom such resistance shall be offered are to subdue them
bv force.
November sth, 1725.
Whereas by Orders of their Excellencies the Lords Justices
his Mat'^ pleasure hath been signified to allow any person
desiring the same' one thousand acres of land in the counties
of Brunswick & Spotsylvania^ free from the purchase of
Rights or payment of Quitt Rents for the term of seven
years, to be computed from the first of May 1721, The Gov-
ernor with the advice of the Council is pleased to order that
the Surveyors of the said counties be, and are hereby impow-
ered to receive Entries from any person not having taken the
benefit of the like indulgence before, any quantity of land,
not exceeding a Thousand acres to be granted by patent with-
out purchase of Rights, but if any one shall be desirous of a
greater quantity in either of those counties, the said Survey-
^Notwithstanding the encouragement given to persons intending to
settle in the frontier counties of Brunswick and Spotsylvania, their
development was slow. As we have seen, the first term of the Bruns-
wick county court was not held until 1732, on account of the sparseness
of population. Spotsylvania developed more rapidly, chiefly because
it was pierced by the Rappahannock and its tributaries, and the move-
ment of population from Tidewater went up the valley of that river to
the fertile lands of the Piedmont section. Even with these advantages,
its progress was slow. In the first decade of its history only 316 deeds
were admitted to record. {Spotsylvania County Records, New York,
1905. pp. 88-121.)
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 5
ors are not to receive Entries for the same without the iisuall
license from this Board, and producing Rights for the whol-i
quantity so entitled for.
A form of the patents to be granted for lands in the coun-
ties of I>runswick & Spotsylvania without Rights or payment
of Quitt Rents was this day laid before the Board and ap-
proved.
Feb. I, 1726.
On reading at the Board a letter from his ExcelK^ Will"*
Burnet, Esq., Governor of New York together with a tran-
script of the late conference between him and the Sachims of
the five Nations touching a complaint made from hence of a
murder committed by some of their Nation on one of the
Inhabitants of this Colony last summer at which conference
the said Sachims acknowledged that the said murder was
committed by some of their people in conjunction with some
French Indians and Tuscaruroes who they pretend were in
pursuit of certam Indian enemies^ who fled towards the house
*The Treaty of Albany was not entirely effectual in protecting the
tributar\' Indians of Virginia and did not end the long warfare between
the southern Indians and the Iroquois. It also seems to have left un-
settled in the minds of the Six Nations their claim to the country west
of the Blue Ridge, and in 1744 a conference was held with them at
Lancaster, Pa. The conference convened on June 22, and was attended
by Governor Thomas, of Pennsylvania, Hon. Edmund Jennings, and
Philip Thomas, Esq., of Maryland, and the Uonorables Thomas Lee
and William Beverley, of Virginia. The Six Ncitions were represented
by a number of deputies.
The Indians strongly asserted their ownership of all the territory in
Virginia west of the Blue Ridge, and when the Virginia Commissioners
demanded to know by what right this claim was made, one of the
Indian chiefs replied : "We have the right of Conquest — a right too
dearly purchased and which cost us too much Blood to give up without
any reason at all, as you say we have done at .\lbany. All the World
knows we conquered the Several Nations living on Susquehanna Cohon-
goranta, and at the back of the Great Mountains." He mentioned four
tribes which they had conquered in that territory, and gave their Indian
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6 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of the person murthered, and that thereupon the Indians in
firing killed the said person by mistake, and hoped that tliis
Government would excuse it. The Council taking the same
in consideration are of opinion that the Treaty of peace made
names. In reply, the Virginia Commissioners asserted that if such was
the case the Five Nations had never occupied the country and had laid
no claim to it until about eight years before (1736), and that when the
whites commenced to settle there "that part was altogether deserted and
free for any people to enter upon."
The Indians finally relinquished their claim to that great section of
country in Virginia between the Blue Ridge and the Ohio river. The
consideration which they received was 400 pounds, one half of which
was paid in goods and the remainder in gold. The Indians also com-
plained because they had been obliged to remove their trail to the
south through the Valley of Virginia so much further to the west, and
stated that it was then at the foot of the "Great Mountains" (Allegha-
nies), and asked that they be allowed to use "the road which was last
made (the wagon road), and to this the Virginia Commissioners
assented. (For Treaty of Lancaster, see Minutes of the Provincial
Council of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, 1851, Vol. IV., pp. 698-737.)
The great war trail of the Five Nations to the south started at Tioga,
in western New York, and, descending the north branch of the Sus-
quehanna, passed through Pennsylvania, Maryland, and the Valley of
Virginia. (Morgan, League of the Iroquois, Rochester, New York,
185 1, p. 438; work rare, copy in Congressional Library.) The road
selected by them at the Lancaster conference is shown on Fry and
Jefferson's map of Virginia (1751), and was called "The Great Road
from the Yadkin river thro' Virginia to Philadelphia, distant 435
miles," and in territory now embraced within the limits of Rockingham
county, it bears this legend, "Indian Road by the Treaty of Lancaster."
This road crossed into Virginia from Maryland at Williams Ferry
(now Williamsport, Md.), and passed through Winchester and Staun-
ton. At the latter place it turned westward and skirted the North
mountains in present Rockbridge county. James river was crossed at
Looney's Ferry, and then the rpute was to the south diagonally across
the upper Valley, passing near the present site of Roanoke, Va. The
Blue Ridge was crossed through the water gap of the Staunton or
Roaiioke river, and the road then turned to the southwest and ended
at the Yadkin river.
The same map also shows a section in old Hampshire county, Va.,
marked "Indian Road," some miles to the westward of the south branch
of the Potomac, but its course is not delineated.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 7
with the said Northern Indians will be rendered altogether
ineffectual if such excuses as this shall be accepted for the
murder of his Maj*^ subjects, since these Indians may* always
find the like pretence for coming into this Government con-
trary to the express words of the Treaty, and that therefore
it is fit that the Governor of New York be desired to inter-
pose his authority with the said Indians for obliging them to
deliver up the person or persons guilty of the said murder in
order to be punished as the crime deserves, and it is ordered
that a letter be prepared accordingly.
Nov. 2, 1726.
Sundry patents for land were read and granted as follows:
Thomas Chew 1600 acres above the little mountains in
Spotsylvania County.
Whereas divers murders have been lately committed on the
Frontiers of this Colony wherein the Nottoway Indians" are
greatly suspected to have been the actors and the said Indians
by their late behaviour rendering it highly necessary that a
strict watch be kept on their motions to prevent the like mis-
chiefs for the future, this board have therefore thought fit to
order that none of the said Indians do hereafter depart out
of the bounds of the lands appropriated for them without a
pass from Nathan^ Harrison, Esq^. who is hereby impowered
^The home of the Nottoway Indians was in southeastern Virginia on
the Nottoway and Black Water rivers. (Mooney, p. 7.) In 1744 they
were much reduced in numbers by sickness and other casualties, and
the General Assembly passed an act authorizing the sale of their lands
on the south side of the Nottoway river in Isle of Wight county, Va.
At that time their possessions had been reduced to a tract of land six
miles square. The Nansemond Indians are mentioned in the same act,
and 300 acres of land belonging to them in the county which bears their
name were directed to be sold. This latter tract was described as being
adjacent to "Buck-Horn swamp." The recitals in the act indicate that
these ancient tribes were rapidly nearing extinction in 1744. (Hening's
Statutes, Vol. V., pp. 270-273.)
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8 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
to grant such passes from time to time to such number and
with such Hmitations of time and place as he shall judge fit,
and he is hereby further authorized & empowered to appoint
a proper person to repair once a week or as often as it shall
be thought convenient to the Nottoway Town, & there examine
whether any of the said Indians be absent from thence without
such pass as is herein before directed, and also to enquire
whether the said Indians are gone & if those that have passes
do keep within the bounds prescribed therein ; of all which the
person so appointed is to make a true report to the end that
if any murders shall be hereafter committed by any of that
Nation, the same may be better detected & punished.
Feb. 1 6, 1727.
Whereas some doubt hath been made whether the exemp-
tion from purchasing Rights granted by his late Mat^ to the
persons taking up lands in the counties of Brunswick antl
Spotsylvania doth extend to lands which shall be surveyed
but not patented before the first of ^lay next. It is the opin-
ion of this Board that the said exemption doth extend to
all lands actually surveyed in the said counties before the first
day of May next, tho' patents shall not be passed for the same
and the Surveyors of the said counties are to cause the said
surveys to be returned into the Secretary's office with all con-
venient speed.
Oct. 17, 1727.
Whereas the Board is informed that the Inhabitants of this
Colony near Roanoak had lately been infested with a company
of the Cattawba Indians" who had committed sev* Robberies
°The original home of the Catawba Indians was on the river which
bears their name, close to the boundary line between North and South
Girolina. Their largest village was in the present county of York in
the latter State. (Mooney, pp. 70-71.) They seem to have been "the
bravest and most enterprising of all the southern tribes, sometimes
going as far north as Pennsylvania to wage war with the Five Nations.
Kerclieval makes frequent reference to this tribe as participants in
battles fought with the northern Indians in the Valley of Virginia
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 9
upon them, and that they expected they would return soon with
a more considerable number and do more mischief, not only
to the English Inhabitants, but to the Tributary Indians ; and
that there was some reason from their insolent behavior of late,
to apprehend they designed to take possession of Christiana
Fort in which there are several Cattawbas at this time, and
that they will do other acts of Hostility, Colonel Harrison is
prior to the coming of the whites. However, he gives no dates; the
localities are not fixed with exactness; his accounts rest entirely upon
tradition, and most of them are vague in one respect or another. (Ker-
cheval, History of the \' alley, 2nd ed., 1850, pp 29-34.) He invariably
states that the northern Indians engaged in this warfare were Dela-
wares, but the Council Orders and authorities cited in these notes make
it certain that they belonged to the Five Nations. He says that the
battle of Hanging Rocks was fought by the Catawbas and the Dela-
wares. but Schnell, the Moravian missionary, who passed the spot in
1749 states that the Mohaicks and Catawbas were the opposing tribes
in that engagement, {rirginia Magazine, Vol. XI., p. 118.)
A preceding note shows that the Five Nations exercised jurisdiction
over all that portion of Virginia lying to the westward of the Blue
Ridge, and that their war trail to the south passed through this section.
The Iroquois were not always successful in their forays against the
southern tribes. In a letter from William Keith, then Governor of
Pennsylvania, dated July 19, 1720, addressed to the Governor of New
York concerning Indian affairs, the following passage occurs: "For the
southern Indians being at last provoked beyond measure, came out this
spring to meet the Mighty Warriors of your Five Nations, and pursued
them with slaughter almost as far as the Potomeck river." (Minutes
of the Provineial Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. III., pp. 99-100.) This
battle is probably one of the traditional engagements mentioned by
Kercheval.
In a leter dated Jan. 25, i7i9-*20. Governor Spotswood addressed a
vigorous remonstrance to the President of the Council of New York
concerning the conduct of the Five Nations, stating that they had
assisted the Tuscaroras in Virginia in \y\2-i^\ that in 1717 a large body
of them passed to the south on the east side of the Blue Ridge, and
proceeding to the Catawba country, had fallen upon those Indians, cap-
turing a large number of them. The letter also declares that the settlers
on the frontiers of Virginia were suffering great annoyance at the hands
of the Five Nations, and if the Governor of New York did not restrain
them, the Virginians would do so, even if an Indian war resulted.
(Minutes of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. III., pp. 82-
89.)
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10 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
desired to take such measures as he shall think most expe-
dient for protecting the Frontiers against the Invasions of
those Indians.
Oct. 22, 1729.
An order of his ]\Iaj^*^ in his privy council bearing date
the 1st of feb*"-^ 1728 Whereby his Majesty is graciously
pleased to Order & direct that fifty nine thousand seven hun-
dred and eighty-six acres of I^nd in Spotsylvania County held
by Coll. Alex^ Spotswood by a defective Title be regranted to
him by Patent upon his procuring Rights for the same & de-
claring his Majesties pleasure that the same Exemption from
payment of quit Rents be extended to the said Lands as was
granted by his late Majesty to the Patentees of a thousand
acres of Land in the same county whereupon it being propos'd
to the consideracon of the Board how far other persons hav-
ing large Tracts of Land in the afs'd county for w'ch no Rights
were paid or produced at the time of the Grant ought to be
charged agreeable to his Majestie's Intentions it is resolved
and ordered That Coll. Spotswood ought to produce Rights &
pay Quit rents for the full Quantity of Land men'cond in the
above Order of his Maj>' in Council the S^ Quit rents to be
accounted from the first day of May 1728 & that the same
be demanded accordingly.
That for all the other large Tracts of Land taken up in the
said county & not within the benefit of his late Majesties
Bounty an Immediate Demand be made of the Rights for the
same which ought to have been & were not paid at the time of
the Grant excepting always such of the said Lands as have
been since lapsed & granted to other patentees when his Majes-
ty hath been satisfied for the rights thereof.
That in like manner where the first Patentees have continued
hitherto in possession of their several Tracts the Quit Rents
for the same be demanded from the first day of May 1728
but forasmuch as the S*^ Patentees have been already recom-
mended to his Majesties favour in relacon to the Arrears ac-
crued before the first dav of Mav It is resolved that the De-
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. U
mand of the Arrears be Suspended until his Majesties pleas-
ure be known.
Whereas the Catawbow Indians have by some of the Indian
traders signified their Desire to enter into a Treaty^ of Friend-
ship with this Government.
Its the Opinion of this Board that the S^ Indians be en-
couraged in their good Inclination and for that purpose be in-
vited to repair hither at the next General Court. But in case
the S*^ Treaty take effect it is insisted that the said Cattawbaw
Indians shall undertake for the peaceable behaviour of the
Sapony Indians who have lately deserted their settlement in
this Colony & Joined themselves to the S*^ Cattawbaw Indians:
Oct. 2Sth, 1729.
On reading at this [Board a] LVe from Coll. Montgomery
Governor of New York with a Transcript of a conference held
the 21'* July last between the Commissioners for Indian affairs
at Albany and some of the Chiefs of the Oneidas,® wherein the
^It is not definitely known whether the Treaty contemplated by this
Order was concluded, but at a later period the Catawbas became
the firm friends of the Virginia Government. They aided the colonies
in the war against the Tuscaroras (1711-13) and participated on the
English side in the French and Indian War. During the Revolution
they stood with the Whigs of South Carolina in their great struggle
against British invasion and occupation. (Mooney, p. 72.)
*The inveterate hostility between the Cataw^ba Indians and the Five
Nations was indirectly the cause of an encounter between the white
settlers of the upper Valley and the latter tribes, which for a time
threatened to involve the western border of Virginia in an Indian war.
The Treaty of Lancaster settled the Indian claim to the country west
of the Blue Ridge and amicably adjusted the still more serious question
of peace or war with the Iroquoian League. In December, 1742, a party
of Indians belonging to this confederacy were on their way south to
engage the Catawbas, when a battle between them and the white settlers
took place in the present county of Rockbridge, then Augusta, near
Balcony Falls, on the north branch of the James river. The true his-
tory of this fight is of considerable historical importance, because it
was the first battle of which there is record between the whites and
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12 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
S*^ Indians complain that a considerable number of their Nation
have been lately killed & taken prisoners by the Virginia In-
dians & designing repara'con. But it appearing to this Board
by several late accounts brought by the Indian Traders that
Indians in all the vast territory then belonging to Virginia west of the
Blue Ridge. Waddell gives an interesting account of this engagement,
based on a letter written in 1808 by Judge Samuel McDowell, son of
Captain John McDowell, who was killed in the action. He states, how-
ever, upon the authority of Judge McDowell, that the Indians engaged
were Dela wares, which was not the case. (Waddell, Annals of Augusta
County, 2nd cd.. 1902, pp. 46-47.) There is in existence a copy of a
letter written on the same day of the engagement, which sheds new
light upon the affair. This letter seems to have escaped the notice of
qll historians of the Virginia Valley. The following is a literal copy:
"Augusta County, 18 Dec, 1742.
Hon'd sir
A parcel of Indians appeared in hostlie manner among us, killing
and carrying off horses, etc. Captain John Buchanan and Captain John
McDowell came up with them this day and sent a man with a signal of
peace to them, which man they killed on the spot and fired on our men
which was returned with bravery, in about 45 minutes the Indians fled
leaving eight or ten of iheir men dead on the spot, and eleven of our
men are dead, amongst which is Captain McDowell. We have sundry
wounded. Last night I had an account of the Indians' behaviour and
immidiatly traveled towards them with a party of men and came up
within two or three hours after the battle was over. I have summoned
all the men in our county together in order to prevent them from doing
any further damage and (but by God's assistance) to repell them force
by force. We hear of many Indians on our frontiers. I beg your
Honour's Directions and Assistance both as to ammunition and men.
The particulars of the battle and motions of the enemy I have not now
time to write you.
I am, Yr Honour's M* Obed* Serv*.
James Patton.
P. S.
There are some white men supposed to be French amongst the In-
dians. Our people are uneasy but full of spirits and hope their behavior
will show it for the future, not being any way daunted by what has
happened.
To the Honot>l<? Will'm Gooch Esq»", &c»."
(Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New
y^ork, Albany, i855» Vol. VI., pp. 230-31.)
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 13
the attack defeat given to the said Oneyedo was by the Catta-
baw Indians on above Towns the said Oneydes had made a
secret attack and in the retreat were fallen upon by the Cat-
tabaw Indians without the Intervention of anv of the Indians
Until the discovery of this letter it was not known that Captain
Buchanan commanded one of the companies engaged in this battle.
Governor Gooch at once communicated with Lieutenant Governor
Clarke of New York, by letter dated Jan. 3, 1742-3, and Col. Patton's
letter as given above was transmitted as an enclosure. Governor Gooch
solicited the good offices of Governor Clarke in bringing the perpetra-
ors of this outrage to justice, and the interpreter to the Commissioners
of Indian Affairs of New York, was at once sent to the Six Nations.
He obtained no satisfaction, the Indians claiming that the whites had
been the aggressors. They also stated that there was one half-breed
in the party, but no white men. The Six Nations were restless at the
time, and the authorities of New York were apprehensive of the result.
{Documents Relative to the Colonial History of New York, Vol. VI.,
pp. 230-242.)
In the meantime Governor Gooch had also communicated with Gov-
ernor Thomas of Pennsylvania, who undertook to act as mediator in
order to avert an Indian war. Conrad Weiser, the celebrated inter-
preter and Indian agent of Pennsylvania, was sent to the Six Nations.
His Report to the Governor of Pennsylvania, and Journal of his visit
to the Iroquois, give a complete account of this affair from the Indian
standpoint. Among other things, he took the testimony of an Indian
who participated in the battle. This Indian stated, in substance, that
the party consisted of twenty-two Onondaga and seven Oneida Indians.
They passed peaceably through Pennsylvania where they were civilly
treated, but the people of Virginia received them in a different spirit,
refused to issue them a passport, and would not give them anything to
eat. He also stated that game was scarce, and they would have starved
if they had not killed a hog occasionally, which they did at Jonontore
(Shenandoah). They were several times interrupted by the whites on
their way up the Valley, but avoided difficulties with them, being on
their way south to fight the Catawbas. They had rested two nights
and one day near the place where the fight occurred, and then resumed
their march to the south, when a great number of white men on horses
assailed them. Two Indian boys in the rear were fired upon, but not
injured. The Indian captain, whose name was Jonnhaty (as given by
Weiser), told his men not to fire, because the whites carried a white
flag. The latter, however,, fired again, killing fwo Indians on the spot.
Their captain then told them to fight for their lives, which they did at
close quarters with hatchets. The Indian claimed that the whites were
worsted in the engagement, losing ten killed. He admitted an Indian
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li VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of this Colony. It is ordered that the same be signified to
the Governor of New York to prevent any Misunderstand-
ing with the Six Nations. But forasmuch as the Oneydes
seem principally concerned to recover their prisoners out of
the hands of the Cattabaws, It is ordered that a Message be
sent to the Cattabaws to desire that the S*^ Prisoners be del'd
up to this Government, as the surest means for their obtaining
a Peace with the Six Nations in which this Govemm't will
Employ this Mediation.
Apr. 29, 1730.
Whereas his Majesty by order in his privy Council bearing
date the 19^** Nov*" MDCCXXIX having been graciously
pleased to declare & order that the remission of Rights which
by Order in Council on the 6*^ of Aug* MDCCXXIII was
granted to the two new counties of Brunswick & Spotsilvania for
seven years be understood to extend to all grants of Land in the
County of Spotsilvania not exceeding 6000 Acres including
therein the 1000 Acres allowed by the afs'd Order in Council
& that the Grantees be permitted to hold the same upon con-
dition that they do pay the seven years Quit Rents now in Ar-
rear but that whoever shall be desirous to hold more than six
thousand Acres shall be obliged to pay both the same Rights
& Quit Rents for ever(y) acre exceeding that Number, as
Lands in any other part of Virg* are liable to, & It is Ordered
that the officers of his Majesties Revenue demand as well the
Quit Rents now in Arrears as the Money due for the Rights
loss of only two killed and five wounded. He also stated that ten of
them went up the river to the mountains and were pursued by the
whites to the Potomac, narrowly escaping with their lives. The engage-
ment, he said, was fought near the river called "Galudoghson," which
was evidently the Iroquoian name for the north branch of the James.
Upon full investigation of the affair, Governor Thomas reached the
conclusion that the whites were the aggressors, and so informed Gov-
ernor Gooch, who waived the point and gave the Six Nations one
hundred pounds by way of reparation. The matter was finally adjusted
by the Treaty of Lancaster. (For Report and Journal of Conrad
Weiser, see Minutes of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania, Vol.
IV., Harrisburg, 1851, pp. 640-646, 660-669.)
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 15
of all Tracts of I^nd exceeding the Quantity of six thousand
acres held by any one Patentee in the S^ county pursuant to
his Majesties Pleasure signified on the above recited Order and
it is further Ordered that the former Order of this Board for
Demanding the money due for Rights for the S^ Tracts of
Land be as it is hereby revok'd and that all Bonds given in the
Secretary's Office for paym't of the Rights for any Tracts of
Land not exceeding the quantity of six thousand Acres be
vacated.
On reading at this Board a report from R* Hicks* & Daniel
•In July, 1712, Robert Hix, of Surry, and John Evans, David Crawley,
Richard Jones, and Nathaniel Urven, of Prince George county, Va.,
received a license from Governor Spotswood to trade with the "Western
Indians." They gave a penal bond of three hundred pounds not to
trade with the Tuscaroras or any other Indians in league or alliance
with them. (Calendar of Virginia State Papers, Vol. I., p. 155.) In his
letter of Jan. 25, 1719-20, to the Governor of New York, Governor
Spotswood stated that during the Tuscarora War (1711-1713) two
hundred of the New York Indians had set upon and robbed a caravan
of Virginia Indian traders as they were going south, killing one of
them and nearly all of their horses. At the Treatj- of Albany (1722)
the Deputies of the Five Nations admitted that they had robbed "that
honest man. Captain Hicks," and promised to make reparation.
Because of the numerous references made to the Iroquois in these
notes, a brief statement concerning their history is deemed appropriate.
Mr. Mooney states, on page 21 of his learned essay, that this great
Confederacy was formed about 1570, quoting J. N. B. Hewitt as au-
thority. The League originally consisted of five tribes — the Mohawk,
Seneca, Cayuga, Oneida, and Onondaga ; hence their name, The Five
Nations. They came in contact with the Virginia colonists at an early
period. Col. Henry Coursey, representing Maryland and Virginia, first
met them at Albany in 1677, but the agreement then made was not
strictly observed by the Iroquois. In 1679, Col. William Kendall, as
agent of Virginia, held a conference with them at the same place. This
was followed by another conference also at Albany in 1684, in which
Lord Howard of Effingham, then Governor of Virginia, participated.
(Colden, History of the Five Nations, New York, ed. 1902, Vol. I., pp.
24-25, 31-32, 34-51.) The Treaty of 1722 has been mentioned, and this
was followed by the Lancaster conference of 1744. Negotiations were
also held with these tribes by the Virginia Government at the begin-
ning of the French and Indian War.
In 1720 Governor Hunter, of New York, estimated the warriors of
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16 \aRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Hicks who at the instance of the Governor of New York were
sent to the Cattabaw Indians to demand the liberty of certain
Prisoners of the five Nations taken by them It appearing to
the Board that the S^ Rob^ & Daniel have diligently p-formed
the service req*d of them. It is therefore Ordered that there
be p'd to each of them out of his Majesties Revenue of 2 S p
hhd the sum of thirteen pounds Curr^ Money for their
Trouble in the S^ Service.
On the application of the Sheriffs of the counties of Han-
over & Spotsilvania for a more suitable allowance to enable
them to collect & make convenient the Quit Rent of tob.- aris-
ing in these counties many of the Plantations lying some sixty
& eighty miles distant from Water Carriage It is ordered that
they be allowed 30 p Cent on all the Tobo they receive.
(to de continued)
VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTION.
(continued)
Rogers, David, for pay, &c., of West Augusta ]\Iilitia, P.
Acco't, 5,995. 6. II.
July 12. Randolph, Thomas. PaymasV to the Amelia Min't
Batt n for pay, &c., P. Acco't, bal'd, 261. 2. 7.
SepV I. Rives, Capt. George, for pay, &c., of his Comp'y
of Sussex Militia, in. 10. 5.
9. Royston, Capt. Peter, for Ditto Charles City Ditto, 96.
15. II.
the Five Nations at 2,000. {New York Documents, Vol. VI., p. 557)
They were unquestionably the strongest family in every respect among
the North American Indians. Governor Clinton, of New York, called
them 'The Romans of the West."
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VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTION. 17
1 6. Rogers, Capt. Peter, for Waggon hire with & bacon
furnished his Comp'y of Halifax Ditto, 12. 19. — .
18. Richardson, Thomas, for pay as Adjutant to the 7th
Bat'n of Ditto, 6. 6. 6.
19. Raines, Capt. John, for pay, &c., of his Comp'y of
Prince George Ditto, 75. 14. 7.
25. Riddick, Capt. Demsey, for Ditto Nansemond Ditto
43. 12. 9.
Oct'r 3. Rogers, Capt, Peter, for Ditto Halifax Ditto, bal'ce,
263. II. 10.
16. Ranson, Thomas, Ensign, for pay of a Guard of Glou-
cester Ditto, P. Acco't, 4. 17. 6.
Nov'r 4. Randolph, Richard, for Flour, &c., furnished the
Prince Edward Ditto, P. Acco't, 8. 13. 4.
7. Riddick, Willis, for sundry Persons for Provisions, &c.,
furn't Militia, P. Acco't, 67. 8. io>^.
14. Rice, Thomas, for a Rifle furnished Capt. Charles Al-
len's Comp'y ditto, 4. — . — .
19. Roberts. William, for Provisions furnished the Cul-
peper Ditto, P. Acco't, 46. 15. — .
Dec'r 10. Rogers, Peter, for waggonage to Halifax Militia,
&c., P. Acco't, 33. 5. — .
26. Reade, John, for ferriages to sundry Nansemond Mi-
litia, P. Acco't, 4. 12. 6.
31. Robinson, Capt. William, for pay of his Comp'y Prin-
cess Anne Militia, P. Acco't, 35. i. 11.
1778.
Jan'y 8. Rumbottom, James, for pay as Drummer in Capt.
John Slaughter's Comp'y, i. 10. — .
15. Rubsaman, Jacob, for Salt furnished the Montgomery
Militia, P. Acco't, 12. — . — .
21. Rogers, Capt. John, for pay, &c., of his Comp'y of
Northumberl'd Ditto, P. Acco't, 36. 18. i.
Feb'y 5. Riddick, Capt. Josiah, for Do. Nansemond Ditto,
P. Acco't, loi. II. 8.
April 21. Rucker, Capt. Ephraim, Pay, &c., of his Comp'y
in Culpeper to 5 Sep'r last, 49. 3. 5.
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18 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
May 6. Roberts, Samuel, for damage done his Gun, i. — .
23. Royster, Capt. Peter, for Rations for self and Officers,
2. 17. 4.
June 12. Rodgers, John, Oats, Pasturage, &c., 2. 6. 3.
22. Roberts, Major William, Culpeper Militia, 6. 12. — .
25. Rolleson, John, for 10 Diets to Gloster Militia, i. 10. — .
July 9. Riddick, Capt. Robt. M., for Pay of his Nansemond
Militia, 40. 5. 4.
Riddick, Henry, for riding Express to order Do. out to
Princess Ann, i. 10. — .
August 10. Redman, Stuart, Pay of himself and Guard
Westmoreland Militia, 2. 10. — .
12. Rust, James, Horse hire, &c., & Jno. Ballandine, &c.,
1. 10. — .
Octo'r 17. Roberts, James, for Beef to Pittsylvania Militia,
19. — . — .
20. Robins, Thos., for a Gun Halifax Minute Men, 2. — . — .
22. Robinson, Estate of John, for lead to Bedford Militia,
-. 7. 6.
Robins, Major Jno., for Pay & Rations, 16 Days Northamp-
ton Militia, P. Cert., 12. 10. 8.
29. Roam, Colo. Thomas, for Pay as Colo, of the Essex
Militia, P. Acco't, Sworn to, 2. 5. — .
NovV 3. Ransdell, John, for a Gun, Fauquier Minute Men,
2. 15. — .
10. Rucker, Capt. Ephraim, for Pay of 2 Militia men, P.
Roll, I. 9. 4.
16. Rentfro, Capt. William, for Pay of his Compi'y Botte-
tourt Militia, 434. 12. 8.
16. Renfro, Joseph, for horse hire for Do. Do., 6. 16. 6.
25. Ruddell, Capt. Isaac, for Pay of his CompV of Wash-
ington Militia sent under Colo. G. R. Clark to the Illinois P.
Pay Roll, & Cert., 883. 9. 4.
DecV 10. Ruger, Jacob, for Bacon furnished Henry Militia,
P. Cert's, 26. 17. 6.
Rowland, Mich'l, for provisions furnish'd Do., P. Do., 22.
13. 6.
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VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTION. 19
Rowland, Capt. Thomas, for Pay of his Comp'y, Bottetourt
Do., P. Pay Roll, 56. 4. 9.
16. Do. Do. for Rations, om*d in Do. Do., 4. 8. — .
Rentfro, Capt. William, for Rations omitted in his Pay Roil
1 6th NovV, 59. — . — .
1776.
S.
DecV 26. Sizemore, John, for one Rifle, sold Capt. James
Anderson for his Min*t Comp'y, 4. — . — .
Swepson, Richard, for his Rations & Waggon hire to Capt.
Lucas's Militia, Do. 11. 10. — .
Jan'y i. Shackelford, Richard, Messenger to the Commit-
tee of Richmond County, 12. — . — .
Smith, William, for Wood furnished the Garrison at Ports-
mouth, 25. — . — .
Starr, Elizabeth, for Nursing at the Hospital at Portsmoutli,
7. 8. -. \
Smith, William, for Plank fo^Ji«Fort at Portsmouth, 113.
19. y2. ^- ■
3. Scott, Joseph, for Rugs for Josiah Parker's Min't Comp'y
and Waggon hire, 38. 13. 4.
16. Sparling, Lawrence, & Comply for Kettles & Axes for
the Nansemond Militia, 6. 9. — .
17. Southall, Turner, for 7 Guns & provisions for the Hen-
rico Militia, 44. 11. 4>4-
18. Stewart & Mohun, for Iron Work at the Fort at Ports-
mouth, 71. 13. — .
20. Do. & Brown for Expences going to examine Gun
Carriages at York, i. 4. — .
(TO BE continued)
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20 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES, &c.
The Treaties of 1768 and 1770.
From Documents in the British Public Record Office
[In the Virginia State Library is a small manuscript vol-
ume, bought at the sale of the Barlow Collection, which con-
tains a number of certified copies of papers in the old State Pa-
per Office, relating to the treaties by which Virginia acquired
land from the Cherokees.
Much information bearing on these treaties, and the de-
sire of the Virginia people to obtain a legal title to the lands
to the West and Southwest, has already been given in this
magazine. See IX, 360-364 (where the text of the Treaty
of Lochaber, 1770, is given) ; X, 13, 14; XII, 225-240; 353-
357, the action of the Assembly on the subject in 1769 and
1770), and 357-364 (the letter of the Committee of Corres-
pondence in support of the proposed increase of territory).
The papers now published give additional details.]
John Stuart^ to President Blair.
Copy of a letter from Mr. Stuart, Superintendent, to Mr.
President Blair:
State Paper Office, America, Vol. 189.
Hard Labour, 17th Oct., 1768.
Sir, — I have the honor of acquainting you that in obedience
to His Majesty's commands, on the 13th Curr* I met at this
place all the principal chiefs of the Upper and lower Cherokee
Nations, and on the fourteenth, by his Majesty's Royal Au-
thority concluded a Treaty with said Indians, ratifying the
cessions of land lying within the Provinces of South Carolina,
North Carolina and Virginia by them to His Majesty and his
^For a note on John Stuart, Superintendent of Indian Affairs for
the Southern Department, see IX, 360.
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 21
heirs for ever; and confirming the boundary Line markM
by the JLords Commissioners of Trade and Plantations, accord-
ing to the several agreements entered into with said Indians.
The line now ultimately confirmed and ratified by said Treaty
was as follows :
From a place called Towahihie on the Northern Bank of
Savannah River a North 50 Degrees East course in a strait
Line to a place called Dervisses corner or yellow water, from
Dervisses Comer or yellow water a North 50 Degrees East
Course in a Strait line to the Southern Bank of Reedy River,
at a place called Waughoe or Elm Tree, where the line behind
S** Carolina terminates. From a place called Waughoe or
Elm Tree, on the Southern Bank of Reedy River a North
Course in a strait line to a mountain called Tryon Mountain,
where the great ridge of mountains becomes impervious.
From Tryon Mountain in a strait line to Chiswell's Mine^ on
the Eastern Bank of the Great Conhoway River about a N.
B. E. course, and from Colonel Chiswell's Mine on the East-
ern Bank of the great Conhoway in a strait line about a North
course to the confluence of the Great Conhoway with the
Ohio. As soon as possible after my return to Charlestown
I shall send you extracts of my conferences and an Authentick
Copy of the above-mentioned Treaty, concluded with said
Chiefs. I acquainted the Chiefs that I expected their Depu-
ties would set out immediately from this place with my Deputy
to meet your Commissioners at Colonel Chis well's Mine; in
order to finish marking the Boundary line as agreed upon;
but they objected and desired that service might be deferred
till the spring of next year; the reasons they urged for this
delay are as follows: That when they appointed the loth of
November for the time of meeting your commissioners to
proceed upon that very important service, they understood
that they had no more to mark than from the mountains,
where the line behind North Carolina ends, to Chiswell's Mine
on the Conhoway, as they considered the River from thence
to its confluence with the Ohio as a natural Boundary; but
as the line is to run in a strait course almost due North from
'Now Austinville, Wythe county.
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22 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the Mine to the mouth of the river, the advanced season of
the year will render that service impracticable before the
Spring, as the Line now ultimately agreed upon runs through
a large extent of mountainous country uninhabited, where in
the winter the cold will be extremely intense and there will
be no shelter for men or food for horses at that season. These
reasons appeared to me so good and just that I was obliged
to acquiesce in them, and I send this letter by express to pre-
vent as much as possible any disappointment that might re-
sult from this alteration. I hope you will receive it in time
to prevent your Commissioners setting out. The Chiefs have
appointed the loth of May next for meeting your Commis-
sioners at Chiswell's Mine, which I hope will prove agreeable,
and their seasons for altering their time satisfactory to you
I reproached the Cherokees severely with the murther of five
emigrants from your Province, who were going to the Mis-
sissippi, which was committed in summer last. They con-
fess'd it, and said the perpetrators were a party of Chilhowic
people, who urged in their own defence that their relations
had been killed in Augusta County in your Province in 1765,
for which they had never received any satisfaction, although
repeated promises had been made, either of putting the guilty
persons to death, or making a compensation in goods from
your province, which they believed because I had confirmed
them. That they nevertheless were disappointed, and being
tired with waiting, took that satisfaction which they cou'd
not obtain from our justice. All the warriors declared that
they disapproved of the action, but that the Chilhowie peo-
ple were authorised by the custom of their country to act as
they did, and their plea of never having received any satis-
faction was undeniable, that in any other instance nothing
shou'd prevent their executing strict justice on offenders ac-
cording to Treaties. It is not only extremely disagreeable to
myself, but very detrimental to His Majesty's service to be
obliged to fail in any promise I make to Indians. The com-
pensation of 500 Indian dressed Deer-skins value in goods for
every person murdered, which on the faith of Governor Fau-
quier's repeated letters I engaged they should receive early
in the spring, was extremely moderate, and this you will ac-
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 23
knowledge if you compare it with the sum expended by the
Province of Pennsylvania on a late similar occasion; and T
must confess that this disappointment will render me ex-
tremely cautious in making promises on any future occasion.
I am to meet the Chiefs of the Upper and Lower Creek
Nations at Silver Bluff, on Savannah River, the ist Novem-
ber to ratify the cessions to His Majesty in the two Floridas
and Georgia, and expect to be at Charlestown by the time the
bearer can return there. I have the honor of being very re-
spectfully, sir,
Your most obedient and very humble servant,
John Stuart.
P. S. — I have agreed to pay the bearer, Samuel Stainacre
[Stalnacre?] 22 pistoles.
The Hon^»<^ John Blair, Esq''^
[Endorsed]
Mr. Stuart to Mr. Pres* Blair, In Lord Botetourt (No. 4) of ^
10 Xov^ 1768.
I hereby certify that this is a true copy of the document de-
posited in Her Ma jesty*s' State Paper Office, London.
RoBT. Lemon, Chief Clerk.
L. S: State Paper OfUce, 20th July, 1841.
Treaty of Fort Stanwix.^
State Paper Office, America, Vol. 189.
Deed with the Indians dated, 5th November, 1768.
[Duplicate]
To all to whom these presents shall come or may concern,
we, the Sachems and Chiefs of the Six United Nations, and
^By this treaty the Six Nations ceded lands as far south as the
Cherokee (Tennessee) river. Though, of course, this treaty is well
known, it has been thought that it would be well to include it when
printing the other papers of this collection.
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24 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of the Shawanese, Delawares, Mingoes of Ohio, and other de-
pendant Tribes on behalf of Ourselves and the rest of our
several Nations, the Chiefs and Warriors of whom are now
here convened by Sir William Johnson, Baronet His Majesty's
Superintendant of our affairs, send Greeting. Whereas, His
Majesty was graciously pleased to propose to us in the year
1765 that a Boundary Line should be fixed between the Eng-
lish and us, to ascertain and establish our limits, and prevent
those intrusions and incroachments of which we had so long
and loudly complained, and to put a stop to the many frau-
dulent advantages which had been so often -taken of us in
land affairs, which boundary appearing to us as a wise and
good measure, we did then agree to a part of a Line and prom-
ised to settle the whole finally, whensoever Sir William John-
son should be fully empowered to treat with us for that pur-
pose. And whereas, his said Majesty has at length given
Sir William Johnson orders, Sir William Johnson has con-
vened the Qiiefs and Warriors of our respective nations, who
are the true and absolute Proprietors of the lands in question,
and who are here now to a very considerable number, and
whereas many uneasinesses and doubts have arisen amongst
us which have given rise to an apprehension that the Line may
not be strictly observed on the part of the English, in which
case matters may be worse than before, which apprehension,
together with the dependant state of some of our tribes and
other circumstances, which retarded the settlement and became
the subject of some debate. Sir William Johnson has at length
so far satisfied us upon, as to induce us to come to an agree-
ment concerning the Line, which is now brought to conclu-
sion, the whole being fully explained to us in a large Assembly
of our people before Sir William Johnson and in the presence
of His Excellency the Governor of New Jersey, the Commis-
sioners for the Provinces of Virginia and Pennsylvania, and
sundry other gentlemen, by which line, so agreed upon, a
considerable tract of country along several provinces is by
us ceeded to His said Majesty, which we are induced to, and
do hereby ratify and confirm to His said Majesty from the
expectation and confidence we place in his royal goodness,
that he will graciously comply with our humble requests as
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 26
the same is expressed in the speech of the several Nattons
addressed to His Majesty thro* Sir William Johnson on Tues-
day, the first day of the present month of November, wherein
we have declared our expectations of the continuance of His
Majesty's favor, and our desire that our ancient engagements
be observed and our affairs attended to, by the officer who
has the management thereof, enabling him to discharge all
these matters properly for our interest. That the lands occu-
pied by the Mohocks around their villages, as well as by any
other Nation affected by this our cession, may effectually re-
main to them and to their posterity, and that any engagements
regarding Property which they may now be under may be
prosecuted and our present grants deemed valid on our parts,
with the several other humble requests contained in our said
speech. And whereas at the settling of the said line it ap-
peared that the Line described by His Majesty's order was
not extended to the Northward of Oswegy, or the Southard
of Great Kanawha River. We have agreed to and continued
the line to the Northward, on a supposition that it was omit-
ted by reason of our not having come to any determination
concerning its course, at the Congress held in 1765 and in as
much as the line to the Northward became the most neces-
sary of any for preventing encroachments at our very towns
and residences, and we have given this Line more favourably
to Pennsylvania for the reasons and considerations mentioned
in the Treaty. We have likewise continued it South to Chero-
kee River, because the same is and we do declare it to be our
true bounds with the Southern Indians, and that we have an
undoubted right to the country as far South as that River;
which makes our cession to His Majesty much more advan-
tageous than that proposed. Now, therefore, know ye that
we, the Sachems and Chiefs afore mentioned, native Indians
and Proprietors of the Lands herein after described, for and
in behalf of ourselves and the whole of our confederacy for
the consideration herein before mentioned, and also for and in
consideration of a valuable present of the several articles in
use and among Indians, which, together with a large sum
of money, amount in the whole to the sum of Ten thousand
four hundred and sixty pounds seven shillings and three pence
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26 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Sterling to us now delivered and paid by Sir William John-
son Baronet, His Majesty's sole agent and Superintendan*
of Indian affairs for the Northern Department of America,
in the name and on behalf of Our Sovereign Lord George
the third by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France and
Ireland King, defender of the Faith, the receipt whereof we
do hereby acknowledge. We, the said Indians, have for us
our heirs and successors granted, bargained, sold, released
and confirmed, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell,
release and confirm unto our said Sovereign Lord, King
George the Third, All that Tract of Land situate in North
America at the Back of the British Settlements, bounded by
a Line which we have now agreed upon, and we do hereby
establish as the Boundary between us and the British Colo-
nies in America Beginning at the mouth of the Cherokee or
Hozohege River, where it emptys into the River Ohio and run-
ning from thence upwards along the South side of the said
River to Kittanning, which is above Fort Pitt ; from thence,
by a direct line, to the nearest Fork of the West Branch of
Susquehannah, thence thro' the Alegany Mountains along the
South side of the said West Branch till it comes opposite to
the Mouth of a creek caird Tradgton, thence across the West
Branch and along the South side of that creek, and along
the North side of Burnett's hills to a creek called Arvondal,
thence down the same to the East Branch of Susquehannah,
and across the same, and up the east side of that River to
Oswegy, from thence east to Delaware River, and up that
River to opposite where Tianadhera falls into Susquehannah.
Thence to Tianaderha and up the west side thereof and the
west side of its West Branch to the head thereof ; and thence
by a direct line to Canada Creek where it emptys into the
Wood Creek at the West end of the carrying place beyond
Fort Stanwix, and extended Eastward from every part of
the said Line as far as the Lands formerly purchased, so as
to comprehend the whole of the lands between the said Line
and the purchased lands or Settlements, except what is within
the Province of Pennsylvania, together with the hereditaments
and appurtenances to the same belonging or appurtaining,
in the fullest and most ample manner, and all the Estate,
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 27
Right, Title, Interest, Property, Possession, Benefit, claim and
Demand, either in Law or Equity of each and every of us,
of, in or to the same or any part thereof. To have and to
hold the whole Lands and Premisses hereby granted, bar
gained, sold, released and confirmed as aforesaid with the
hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging under
the reservations made in the Treaty, unto our said Sovereign
J^ovdy King George the Third, his heirs and successors, to
and for his and their own proper use and behoof for ever.
In witness weherof, we, the chiefs of the Confederacy,
have hereunto set our Marks and seals at Fort Stanwix the
5th day of Nov', 1768, in the 9th year of His Majesty's reign.
Signed, sealed and deliver'd in presence of —
Tevanhasire, or
Abraham, [L. S.] Mohock.
CoNAQUiESO, [L. S.] Onida.
Sesquaressura, [L. S.] Tuscarora.
Blunt, or
Chenughiata, [L. S.] Ohandago.
Tegaya, [L. S.] Cayuga.
GosTRAx, [L. S.] Seneca.
William Franklin,
Govr. N. Jersey.
Frederick Smith,
Chief Justice N. Jersey.
Thos. Walker,
Commr. from Virginia.
Richard Peters,
James Tilghman,
Of the Council of Pennsylva.
[Indorsed]
Treaty at Fort Stanwix In Lord Botetourt's Dup. (No. 6)
of 24 Dec', 1768.
I hereby certify that this a true Copy of the Original de-
posited in Her Majesty's State Paper Office, London.
RoBT. Lemon, Chief Clerk.
L. S: State Paper Oifie, 20th July, 1841.
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28 virginia historical magazine.
Instructions from Lord Botetourt to Col. Lewis and
Dr. Walker.*
State Paper Office, America, Vol. 189.
[Duplicate]
Williamsburg, Dec. 20, 1768.
Gentlemen,
As it has been the opinion of His Majesty's Council
upon reading and considering the papers you have laid before
them relative to the Treaty lately held with the six Nations at
Fort Stanwix( that you should immediately proceed to Mr.
Stuart, Superintendant of the Southern District to acquaint
him with the result thereof, and to represent to him the ne-
cessity of a fresh plan of operation with respect to the Boun-
dary to be fixed between the Cherokee Indians and His
Majesty's Colony of Virginia ; it has been thought proper that
I shou'd give some orders and Instructions for the regulation
of your conduct in this important affair.
You will consider that the principal object of your journey
is to convince Mr. Stuart that the Line he proposes to run
from Chiswell's mine to the mouth of the Great Konhaway,
will so much contract the limits of this Colony, as to make it
extremely prejudicial to His Majesty's Service, as well as in-
jurious to the people who have been encouraged to settle to
the Westward of his propos'd Boundary. You will observe
to him that it appears from one of Sir William Johnson's
letters to Mr. President Blair, dated the 23rd of April last,
that he, Sir William, had orders to consult the Governors
upon such points as might affect their several provinces, and
it presumable that Mr. Stuart's orders were agreeable to Sir
William's, tho' no consultation with the Governor of this
Colony hath been had upon this subject, nor any opportunity
allow'd to Virginia to shew their strong objections to this
very limited Boundary. If Virginia had been consulted upon
••Andrew Lewis, then of Botetourt county, and Dr. Thomas Walker,
(1715-1794), of Albemarle county. Their careers are well known.
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VIRGINIA AND THE CREROKEES. 29
this Line there wou'd have been an opportunity of shewing
that the Cherokees have no just title to the Lands between
the supposed Line and the Mouth of the Cherokee River,
which in fact were claimed and have been sold to His
Majesty by the Northern Nations at the late Treaty at Fort
Stanwix. You will observe that what Land the Council have
chiefly in view from this Negotiation with Mr .Stuart is to
get the period of meeting the Cherokees upon this business.,
still further protracted, so that we may have time fully to
state this whole matter to His Majesty and His Ministers,
in order to get the Boundary extended to the Cherokee River.
Shou'd Mr. Stuart object that he is not furnish'd with
money as Sir William Johnson was, you may assure him that
it is a part of my plan to implore His Majesty's ministers to
endeavor to assist us in that same manner, and that I am not
without hopes of success.
You are likewise to acquaint Mr. Stuart that in consequence
of the promise made by this Government, of 4,500 lbs. of
dressed deer skins in goods intended as a compensation for
those Cherokees who lost their lives in Augusta County,
those goods were actually purchased and sent off to be deliv-
ered to them at the Congress appointed to be held at Chis-
weirs Mines in November last; but that as upon examina-
tion several of them are found to be much damaged and im-
paired in their value, you are to accept of Mr. Cameron's
proposal signified to Mr. President Blair in his letter of the
9th of June, and are to have the proper goods to that amount
bought of the gentleman who has offered to deliver them at
Sequch, at an advance which Mr. Cameron thought reason-
able.
You are at the same time to procure a sufficient quantity
of Wampum for Belts, &c., to be given to the Indians. As [
know you to be perfectly acquainted with the business you arc
going upon, will trouble you with no further Instructions,
but refer to your judgment and discretion to do the best as
occasion shall offer. I have not the least doubt but that you
will give me the earliest intelligence of your Success during
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30 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the course of this very material transaction. Have the honor
to be, Gentlemen,
Your very obedient, humble servant,
( Signed ) Botetourt.
Williamsburg, Dec. 20th, 1768.
instructions to Col. Lewis & Dr. Walker.
[Indorsed]
Instructions to Commissioners — Duplicate, In Lord Bote-
tourt's Dup. (No. 6), of 24 Dec^ 1768.
I hereby certify that this is a true copy of the Original de-
posited in Her Majesty's State Paper Office, London.
RoBT. Lemon, Chief Clerk.
L. S: State Paper Office, 20 July, 1841.
Report of Col. Lewis and Dr. Walker to Lord Botetourt,
2 February, 1769.
State Paper Office, America, Vol. 189.
My Lord,
On receiving your Excellency's Instructions, we began
our journey to Charles Town, in South Carolina ; on the fifth
day of January we waited on His Excellency William Tryon,
Esq*", at Brunswick, by whom we were kindly received and
promised all the assistance in his power; on the next day we
went to Fort Johnson, near the mouth of Cape Fear, on the
8th Governor Tryon wrote us that some Cherokee Indians
were at Brunswick. Judd's Friend and Salue or the young
Warrior of Estatoe, were two of them, and that they would
that day be at Fort Johnson. His Excellency was kind
enough to come with them. On their arrival we informed
them we were going to their father, John Stuart, Esq^, on
business relative to the interest of their Nation, and should be
glad of their Company, and they readily agreed to go with
us. On the 9th the vessell we had engaged was ready to sail,
and we embarked with the two Cherokee Chiefs, two Squas
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 31
and an Interpreter. On the eleventh we waited on Mr. Stuart,
delivered your Lordship's letter and fully informed him of
our business. In answer Mr. Stuart told us that the Boun-
dary between the Cherokees and Virginia was fully settled
and ratified in Great Britain, and that any proposal of that
kind would be very alarming to them, but after some time
agreed* we might mention it to them, which we did on the
thirteenth of January. The Indian Qiiefs appeared much
pleased and agreed to wait on Mr. Stuart with us, and in his
presence Judds Friend spoke as follows:
"Father, on an invitation from Governor Tryon we left
our Country some time since; as soon as he saw us he told
us of those our two elder Brothers, Col. Lewis and Doctor
Walker, from Virginia, who had matters of importance to
mention to us that equally concerned our people as well as
theirs. This news gave us great joy, and we lost no time in
waiting on them, and with great pleasure took a passage with
them in order to wait on you, on the business which so much
concem'd us, as well as their People, and to convince you
that we like their talk ; we now take them by the hand, giving
them a hearty welcome and present them with this string of
Wampum."
"Father, they tell us that by running the Line lately men-
tioned as a Boimdary between our people and Virginia, a great
number of their people will fall within the bounds of our
Country, which would greatly distress those our poor Di oth-
ers, which is far from our intention ; and to convice you that
we are on all occasions willing to testify our brotherly affec-
tion towards them, we are heartily willing to join in such
negociations as may be thought necessary and most expedient
for fixing a new Boundary that may include all those people
settled on our lands in the bounds of Virginia, and we now
give them, in presence of you, our Father, this string of Wam-
pum as an assurance those people shall remain in peaceable
possession of those lands until a treaty is held for fixing a
new Boundary between them and our People."
Gives a string of Wampum.
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82 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
We then delivered the following Talk to the Warriors to
be by them communicated to their Nation :
To the Chiefs of the Cherokees — Brothers:
"On the 20th day of December last, being in Williams-
burg, we received instructions from Lord Botetourt, our Gov-
ernor, a great and good man, whom the Great King George
has sent to preside over his Colony of Virginia, directing us
to wait on your Father, John Stuart, Esq', Superintendant of
Indian Aflfairs, in order to have a plan agreed on for fixing
a new Boundary between your people and his Majesty's sub-
jects in the Colony of Virginia. On our way to this place,
to our great joy, we met with our good Brothers, Juds Friend
and the Warrior of Estitoe, who with, gr^at readiness took
a passage with us from Governor Tryon's to this place, where
we had the happiness of waiting on your Father, Mr. Stuart,
and with joint application represented to him the necessity of
taking such measures as may eflfectually prevent any misun-
derstanding that might arise between His Majesty's subjects
of the Colony of Vii*ginia, and our Brothers the Cherokees.
untill a full Treaty be opened and held for the fixing a new
Boundary that may give equal justice and satisfaction to the
parties concerned, and that His Majesty's subjects now set-
tled on the lands between Chiswell's Mine and the Great
Island of Holstons River remain in peaceable possession of
said lands untill a line is run between them and our good
brothers, the Cherokees, who will receive full satisfaction for
such lands as you our brothers shall convey to our Great
King for the use of his subjects. Your Father, Mr. Stuart's
message to you on this head makes it needless for us to say
any more on this subject. He will let you, at a proper time,
know both the time and place where this great work shall be
brought into execution. We have the pleasure to inform
you that Vour two great Warriors now present have heartily
concurred with us in every measure, and make no doubt of
such measures giving great satisfaction to the whole Nation."
Gave a string of Wampum.
Jan^ i6th.
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VIRGINIA A-ND THE CHEROKEES. 33
In answer to which Judds Friend and the Warrior of
Estitoe spoke as follows:
Father and our Brothers from Virginia:
"We have heard y«ur Talks which we think very good,
and shall with all convenient speed return to our Nation, and
when our Chiefs are assembled shall lay those talks before
them.
"Brothers, we are sorry to have it to say that for some
time bad blood and evil actions prevailed amongst us, which
occasioned a stroke from our Elder Brothers, but now I have
the satisfaction of telling you that our hearts are good and
strait, and you may depend on their continuing so, and that
you may depend the more on what we say, we take oflf those
black beads from the end of this string, that nothing may re-
main but what is pure and white, we now put the black beads
in your hands, which we call the remains of our Evil thoughts,
and desire you may now cast them away that they may never
be had in remembrance more.
"Brothers, we shall with great pleasure comply with the
request you have made with regard to the Lands you have
mentioned, and shall wait with impatience for a general meet-
ing, that we may have opportunity of convincing our Elder
Brothers of our friendly disposition towards the;n, by giving
up those Lands, as they may be of real use to them ; for to us
it is but little or none as we never hunt there, the deer do not
live in them mountains, and you in the meantime may depend
that your i^ople shall enjoy peaceable possession untill we
make a title to the Great King.
Brothers, we hope the measures now taken will be product-
ive of many advantages to our people as well as yours, who
by living so much nearer to us will have it in their power to
supply us with goods, for we are often imposed on greatly,
as we have no trade at present, but from this Province, and
we hope you our Brothers will signify to your Governor, who
we believe to be that great and good man you mention, our
great desire to have a trade with Virginia : that after this
business is happily finished, which we make no doubt of on
the part of our Nation, we may enjoy a friendly intercourse
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34 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
and an advantageous trade with our Brothers, the Inhabi-
tants of Virginia.
'^Brothers, we have often joined you in war against your
enemies and you may always depened on our assistance on
any future occasion."
Gives a string of Wampum.
After we had given Mr. Stuart our reasons for thinking it
absolutely necessary that a new Boundary should be agreed
on, he desired us to commit those reasons in writing and sign
them, which we did in the following words:
Sir, — His Excellency, the Right Honorable Norborne de
Lord Botetourt, Governor in Chief of the Colony of Virginia,
and the King's Council of that Dominion, having ordered
us to wait on you and assist in settling a Boundary between
that Colony and the Cherokee Indians, we beg leave to inform
you that the Line proposed to be marked from Chiswell's
Mines to the confluence of the Great Kanawha with the
Ohio ,would be a great disadvantage to the Crown of Great
Britain, and would injure many subjects of Britain that now
inhabit that part of the Frontier and have in making that
settlement comply'd with every known rule of Government
and the laws of that Colony.
Lands were first granted on the waters of the Mississipy
by Sir William Gooch, Governor of Virginia, and the Council
about the year 1746, in consequence of instructions from Eng-
land, and many familys settled on the lands so granted. In
the year 1752 the Legislature of Virginia passed an act'' enti-
tled "An Act to encourage the settlers on the Waters of the
Mississipy," by that act they were exempted from the pay-
ment of taxes for ten years. To this Act his late Majesty of
glorious memory gave his assent.
The next year another act" was passed, by which five years'
indulgence was added, and in that or the succeeding year
Robert Dinwiddie, Esq^ Governor of Virginia at that time,
received instructions from King George the Second, to grant
"See Hening, VI, 258.
•See Hening, VI, 355.
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 35
lands on those Waters exempt from the payment of the usual
right money, and free from Quit rents, for ten years.
Under these encouragements was that part of the Colony
settled, whilst the inhabitants were settling on those lands, the
Cherokee Indians were frequently at their habitations, and
never that we or either of us ever heard made the least com-
plaint of our settling, or laid any claim to the Lands we set-
tled, until Nov', 1763, after the King's proclamation issued in
that year.
The six United Nations did claim the lands that were set-
tled on the Branches of the rivers Kanhawa and Managahaly,
and were paid a proper consideration for them at Lancaster^
in 1744, when they executed a deed of Cession to His late
Majesty.
We flatter ourselves that the above is sufficient to convince
you of the justice and legality of making those settlements.
The Boundary Line that has been proposed would include
many of the inhabitants before mentioned within the limits of
the Cherokee Hunting Grounds. For all such lands and im-
provements the justice of the crown would be a sufficient in-
ducement to make some satisfaction to the owners, which
would be an expence to the Crown, and Injure the Inhabi-
tants much, and totally ruin many of them ; and the evil would
be increased by the loss of the Quit rents annually paid for
those lands, and would also give the Cherokees a large tract
of Country that was never claimed by them, and now is the
property of the Crown, as Sir William Johnson actually pur-
chased it of the six United Nations of Indians, at a very con-
siderable expence, and took a deed of Cession from them at
Fort Stanwix, near the head of the Mohocks River on the 5th
day of November last.
The Interest of the Crown and inhabitants of Virginia will
be the most served by fixing the Boundary with the Chero-
kees in 36 Degrees 30 minutes North Latitude, that Boun-
dary being already marked by proper Authority as far as
^Thc text of the treaty of Lancaster, July 2, 1744, is printed in
R. C. M Page's Page Family, 201-204.
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36 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Steep Rock Creek,® a branch of the Cherokee river, and is
the proper division between Lord Granvill's Propriatory and
the dominion of Virginia, and includes but a small part of
the lands now claimed by the Cherokees, they having often
disclaimed the lands lying between the Ohio and a Ridge
of Mountains called Steep Ridge that divides the waters of
Cumberland River from those of the Cherokee River.
This Boundary will give room to extend our settlements
for ten or twelve years, will raise a considerable sum by the
Rights, much increase the Quit rents, and enable the inhabi-
tants of Virginia to live without the manufacturing such mate-
rials as they raise.
And'w Lewis^
Thos. Walker.
Feb'y 2, 1769.
[Indorsed]
Report from Commissioner's. Duplicate, In Lord Botetourt's
(Xo. 8), Dup. of II Feb., 1769.
I hereby certify that this is a true copy of the document
deposited in Her Majesty's State Paper Office, London.
RoBT. Lemon^ Chief Clerk.
L. S: State Paper Office, 20 July, 1841.
(to be concluded)
VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS.
From Originals in Virginia State Archives.
(continued) ^
Petition in Regard to Boundary Line of Henrico and
Hanover.
May 23, 1774.
To the Honorable the Speaker and Gentlemen of the House ot
Burgesses :
Your Petitioners Humbly shew that they are deeply inter-
ested in the bounds of their Lands on Chicahominy Swamp.
8N0W the Laurel Fork, of Holston river.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS.
87
Therefore, we pray that if it shall be the Opinion of this
Honourable House that it is reasonable that the said Boun-
daries shall be ascertained by Commissioners that such com-
missioners may be chosen from Chesterfield, King William
or some distant County, >yho are in no way in affinity or con-
nected with any of the Proprietors of Lands on the said
Swamp, and your Petitioners in duty Bound shall Pray, &c.
Edward Curd, Daniel Price,
James Cocke, guardian for John Binford,
William & John Cocke,
Thomas Harwood,
Jo. Pleasants,
Martin Burton, Guardian for
William Sterling Smith,
Jacob Pleasants,
Thos. Watkins, Sr.,
Neare bottom Bridge,
Thomas Watkins, Jr.,
Miles Selden,
Joseph Lewis',
Julius Allen,
Anthony Mathews.
Wm. Gathright, Sr.,
John Gathright,
Jacob Ferriss,
Miles Gathright, Jr.,
William Carter,
John Paris,
John Carter,
[Endorsed]
20 May, 1774. referred to the Committee of Propositions
and Grievances.
Edward Finch,
James Bradley,
Joseph Bradley,
Gideon Bradley,
James Eppes,
John Bradlev, by
Jas. Eppes, his Guardian,
Dancey Bradley, by Do.,
Gideon Christian,
Joseph Gathright,
Caleb Stone,
Thomas Owen,
William Owen,
Nelson Anderson, Jun'r.,
Geddes Winston,
Ralph Crutchfield,
Nat. Wilkinson,
Robert Spears,
Nath. Whitlock.
Petition in Regard to the Boundary Line of Henrico
AND Hanover,
May 23, 1774.
To the Honorable the Speaker and Gentlemen of the House of
Burgesses :
The Petition of sundry Persons possessed of Lands adjoin-
ing Chickahominy Swamp Humbly sheweth,
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88 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
That your Petitioners have been informed that a petition will
be laid before this Honourable House praying that certain
Commissioners may be appointed to ascertain the main run
of the said Swamp being the dividing Line between your Pe-
titioners Lands.
That Divers disputes and controversies on different parts of
the said Swamp, where there are several runs, have already
been determined and the main run ascertained by the ordi-
nary course of Law or by arbitrators.
That your Petitioners apprehend that if Commisisoners
should be appointed agreeable to the prayer of the Petition
aforesaid that many of your Petitioners may be deprived of
their just Titles under the determination aforesaid, or at least
be obliged to Litigate the said disputes again at a Time when
the Most Antient and principle Witnesses are Dead.
That there is not the least Probability of there ever being a
dispute with regard to the Main run of the said Swamp be-
tween a large majority of the Proprietors of the Lands ad-
joining thereto.
That your Petitioners Humbly conceive and apprehend that
the new mode of ascertaining controverted bounds of Lands
in Chickahominy Swamp is concerted by some Persons who
are dissatisfyed with the determination of the County Courts
or Arbitrations made by their consents.
That your Petitioners apprehend that they will be Taxed
with a General unjust and unnecessary Expense, should the
new mode of proceedings Petitioned for take place.
That your Petitioners apprehend that good and salutar>'
Law now subsists in this Colony for ascertaining the Bounds
of every Person's Land by going round the same by way of
Procession once in four years.
Therefore, your Petitioners Humbly pray, . . shall here-
after arrive relative to the Bounds of their Lands that the
said disputes may be settled and determined by their
and your Petitioners in Duty Bound shall pray, &c.
Geddis Winston, John Carter,
William Owen, William Christian,
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS.
89
Ben. Timberlake,
Thomas Owens,
James Cocke, Guardian for
Wm. and John Cocke,
Thomas Harwood,
Martin Burton, Guardian for Thomas Bowles,
William Starlin Smith; Joseph Sheppard,
Thos. Watkins, Sr., near Bot
tom's Bridge;
His
Charles Hudson (X) Blunt,
Mark.
Thomas Mann,
John Winn,
Thomas Watkins,
Daniel Price,
Miles Selden,
James Royall,
His
Elijah (X) Liggon,
Mark.
Ralph Crutchfield,
Margaret Puryear,
John Harlow,
David Bowles,
Nathl Holman,
William Ford,
Susanna Puryear,
Her
Mary (X) Bowles,
Mark.
Joseph Lewis,
Anthony Matthews,
Anne Gathright,
Wm. Gathright, ,
John Gathright,
Jacob Ferriss, ,
William Carter,
John Bowles,
Miles Gathright, Jr.,
John Paris,
His
David (X) Wilkinson,
Mark.
John Bin ford,
Edward Finch,
Her
Elizabeth (X) Bradley,
Mark.
James Bradley,
Joseph Bradley,
Gideon Bradley,
James Eppes,
John Bradley, by Jas. Eppes,
his Guardian,
Dancy Bradley, by Jas. Eppes,
his Guardian,
Gideon Christian,
William Leonard, Sr.,
William Sheppard,
Benja. Sheppard,
Mary Bowles,
John Christian,
Richmond Terrell,
Nathaniel Raglen
William Raglen, by Rob't
Crump, their G.
Thomas Bowles,
Caleb Stone,
Nath'l Wilkinson.
23 May, 1774.
and Grievances.
[Endorsed]
Referred to the Committee on Propositions
(Reasonable.) » (A True Copy.)
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40 virginia historical magazine.
Presbyterian Protest Against a Proposed Toleration
ACT.^
June 5, 1774.
To the Honorable the Speaker and the Gentlemen of the House
of Burgesses :
The Petition of the Presbytery of Hanover in behalf of
themselves and all the Presbyterians in Virginia in particu-
lar and all Protestant Dissenters in general, Humbly Sheweth :
That upon application^ made by the rev'd Mr. James Ander-
son in behalf of the Synod of Philadelphia The Honorable
Governor Gooch with the advice of the Council did in the
year 1738 or about that time for the encouragement of all
Presbyterians who might incline to settle in the Colony Grant
an Instrument of writing under the Seal of the Colony con-
taining the most ample assurance that they should enjoy the
full and free exercise of their Religion and all the other privi-
ledges of good subjects. Relying upon this express Stipula-
tion as well as upon the Justice and catholic Spirit of the
whole Legislative body, several thousand families of Presby-
terians have removed from the Northern provinces into the
frontiers of this Colony ; exposed themselves to a cruel and
savage enemy, and all the other toils and dangers of settling
a New Country and soon became a Barrier to the former in-
habitants who were settled in the same commodious parts of
the Colony. Ever since that time we have been considered
and treated upon an equal footing with out fellow-subjects
nor have our ministers or people been restricted in their re-
ligious priviledges by any law of the Colcfny. Your humble
petitioners futther shew that with gratitude they acknowledge
*As this proposed act never became a law, it is not printed in the
Statutes at Large, nor is a copy known to exist. Its provisions can,
however, be ascertained from the protest here printed. For action
of the Presbyterians in regard to this act, see Foote's Sketches of Vir-
ginia, 319-322.
2For the petition of the Synod of Philadelphia and the answer of
Governor Gooch, dated May 28, 1738, see Footes Sketches of Virginia,
103-105.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 41
the Catholic design of our late honorable Assembly to secure
by law the religious liberties of all protestant Dissenters in
the Colony; accordingly they did in the year 1772 prepare
and print a Toleration Bill ; but as the subject was deeply in-
teresting it was generously left open for Amendment. But
notwithstanding we are fully persuaded of the Catholic and
generous design of our late representatives, yet we arc deep-
ly sensible that some things in the above named printed Bil!
will be very gievious and burdensome to us if passed into a law.
Therefore we humbly and earnestly pray that the said Bill
may not be established without such alterations and amend-
ments as will render it more agreeable to the principles of
impartial liberty and sound policy which we presume were the
valuable ends for which it was first intended. Therefore we
humbly beg leave while we are making the prayer of our peti-
tion in a more particular way to lay before the honourable
house in the most respectful manner, a few remarks upon the
Bill.
The preamble is agreeable to what we desire only we pray
that the preamble and every other part of the Bill may be so
expressed as will be most likely to obtain the royal assent.
We are also willing that all our Clergymen should be re-
quired to take the oath of allegiance, &c. usually taken by civil
officers and to declare their beliefs of the Holy Scriptures.
Likewise as is required in the said Bill we shall willingly
have all our Churches and stated places for public worship
registered if this honourable house shall think proper to grant
it. But every minister of the Gospel is under indispensable
obligations to follow the Example of our blessed Saviour
"who went about doing good" and the example of his apos-
tles who not only **taught in the Temple but in every house
where they came they ceased not to teach and preach Jesus
Christ;*' From which and their constant practice of travel-
ling into every quarter of the World we humbly trust that
it will appear to this Assembly that we cannot consistent with
the duties of our office wholly confine our ministrations to
any place or number of places and to be limitted by law would
be the more grevious because in many parts of the Colony
even where the majority of the inhabitants are Presbyterians
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42 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
it is not and perhaps it may not in any short time be easy to
determine where it would be the most expedient to fix upon
a stated place for public worship ; and indeed where we have
houses for worship already built generally the bounds of our
Congregations are so very extensive that many of our people
especially women, children and servants are not able to at-
tend by reason of the distance which makes it our duty as
faithful ministers of Christ to dcJuble our diligence and fre-
quently to Lecture and Catechise in the remote corners of our
Congregations: This restriction would also be very grevious
to us in many other respects ; we only beg leave to add that
the number of Presbyterians in this province is now very great
and the number of Clergymen but Small, therefore we are
obliged frequently to itenerate and preach through various
parts of the Colony, that our people may have an opportunity
to worship God and receive the Sacraments in the way agree-
able to their own consciences. As to our having meetings for
public worship in the night it is not a frequent practice among
our churches; yet sometimes we find it expedient to attend
night meetings that a neighborhood may hear a sermon or a lec-
ture, or to be catechised without being much interrupted
in their daily labour: And so long as our fellow-subjects
are permitted to meet together by day or by night for the
purposes of business or diversion we hope we shall not be
restrained from meeting together as opportunity serves us upon
business of all others the most important especially if it be
considered that the Apostles held frequent societies by night,
and once St. Paul continued his speech till midnight: ac-
cordingly it is well known that in city and collegiate churches
evening prayers and lectures have long been esteemed law-
ful and profitable exercises and to any bad influence this prac-
tice may have upon servants or any others it is sufficient to say
that there is nothing in our principles or way of worship that
tend to promote a spirit of disobedience or disorder but much
to the contrary, and if any person shall be detected in doing or
teaching anything criminal in this respect we presume he is
liable to punishment by a law already in being, therefore we
pray that no dissenting minister qualified according to law
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 43
may be subjected to any penalty for preaching or teaching at
any time or in any place in this Colony.
We confess it is easy for us to keep open doors in time
of divine service except in case of storm or other inclem-
ency of the weather ; yet we would humbly represent that such
a requirement implies a suspicion of our Loyalty and will fix
a stigma upon us to after ages such as we presume our hon-
ourable representatives will not judge that we have anyhow
incurred; therefore we pray that this Clause may also be re-
moved from the Bill.
And as to baptizing or receiving servants into our com-
munion we have always anxiously desired to do it with the
permission of their Masters; but when a servant appears to
be a true penitent and makes profession of his faith in Christ
upon his desire it is our indispensable duty to admit him into
our church and if he has never been baptized we are to bap-
tize him according to the command of Christ; "Go ye there-
fore and teach all nations baptizing them in the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost : teaching them
to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you and
I am with you always even unto the end of the world. Amen."
And we are so confidently persuaded of the liberal sentiments
of this house that in obeying the laws of Christ we shall never
be reduced to the necessity of disobeying the Laws of our
Country.
And we also having abundant reason to hope that we shall
be indulged in every other thing that may appear reason-
able; your Petitioners further pray,
For liberty and protection in the discharge of all the func-
tions and duty of our office as ministers of the Gospel ; and
that the penalties to be inflicted on those who may disturb
any of our congregations in the time of divine service or mis-
use the Preacher be the same as on those who disturb the con-
gregation or misuse the preachers of the Church of England ;
and that the dissenting clerg>% as well as the Clergy of the
established Church, be excused from all burdensome offices;
all which we conceive is granted in the English Toleration Act.
And we pray for that freedom in speaking and writing upon
religious subjects which is allowed by law to every member
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44 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of the British Empire in civil affairs and which has long been
so friendly to the Cause of Liberty. And also we pray for
a right by law to hold estates and enjoy donations and lega-
cies for the support of our Churches and schools for the in-
struction of our youth. Though this is not expressed in the
English Act of Toleration, yet the greatest Lawyers in Eng-
land have pled, and the best judges have determined that it
is manifestly implied.
Finally we pray that nothing in the Act of Toleration may
be so expressed as to render us Suspicious or odious to our
Countrymen with whom we desire to live in peace and friend-
ship: but that all misdemeanors committed by dissenters may
be punished by laws equally binding upon all our fellow sub-
jects without any regard to their religious Tenets Or if any
non-compliance with the Conditions of the Act of Tolera-
tion shall be judged to deserve punishment, We pray that the
crime may be accurately defined and the penalty ascertained
by the Legislature; and that neither be left to the discretion
of any magistrate or court what ever. May it please this
Honourable Assembly There are some other things which
we omit, because they are less essential to the rights of con-
science and the interest of our Church ; we trust that we pe-
tition for nothing but what justice says ought to be ours;
for as ample priviledges as any of our fellow subjects enjoy.
"To have and enjoy the full and free exercise of our Re-
ligion without molestation or danger of incurring any pen-
alty whatsoever." We are petitioning in favor of a church
that is neither contemptible nor obscure; It prevails in every
province to the Northward of Maryland and its advocates in
all the more Southern provinces are numerous and respecta-
ble; The greatest Monarch in the North of Europe adorns
it; It is the established religion of the populous and wealthy
states of Holland ; It prevails in the wise and happy Cantons
in Switzerland: and it is the profession of Geneva a State
among the foremost of those who at the Reformation eman-
cipated themselves from the Slavery of Rome: And some of
the first geniuses and writers in every branch of Literature
were sons of our Church.
The subject is of such solemn importance to us that corn-
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 45
paratively speaking our lives and our liberties are but of lit-
tle value; and the population of the Country and the honour
of the legislature as well as the interest of American liberty
are certainly most deeply concerned in the matter ; Therefore
we would willingly lay before this Honourable House a more
extensive view of our Reasons in favor of an unlimited im-
partial Toleration : but fearing we should transgress upon the
patience of the house we conclude with praying that the alwise
just, and merciful God would direct you in this, and all your
other important determinations.
Signed by order of Presbytery.
David Rice,^ Moderator,
• Caleb Wallce/ Clk.
At a session of the Presbytery In Amherst County, Nov. 1 1 ,
1774.
Deposition of Adam Wallace in Regard to John Bowyer '
Sept. id, 1774.
The Deposition of Adam Wallace of full age being first
^David Rice, one of the most eminent ministers of the Presbyterian
Church, was born in Hanover county. Va.. December 20, 1733, and
died June 18. 1816. He was educated at Nassau Hall, and entered
the ministry in 1762, serving congregations in Hanover, 1762-66:
and in the last year accepted a call to the congregations in Bedford
county. Concord, and Peaks of Otter. In 1782 he visited Kentucky,
and was the first Presbyterian minister within its bounds. In 1783
he received a call to Kentucky and speedily removed thither. His most
useful labors there, religious and civil, are well known, and have gained
him the title of "Patriarch of Presbyterianism in Kentucky." He mar-
ried Mary, daughter of Rev. Samuel Blair, and reared a family of
eleven children. See Foote, 78-87.
*Caleh Wallace, a native of Charlotte county, graduated at Prince-
ton in 1770, and in 1774 became minister of Cub Creek and Little
Falling River congregations, in Virginia. In 1779 he removed to
Botetourt, and in 1783 emigrated to Kentucky. He abandoned the
ministry for the law. in which he became eminent, and was a judge
of the Supreme Court of Kentucky. Like his colleague, David Rice,
he was a man of marked ability.
*John Bowyer was long a very prominent man in Botetourt coun-
ty, which he represented in the House of Burgesses, 1769-75, in all
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46 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
sworn on the Holy Evangelist deposeth & saith that some time
in June Last soon after Jno. Bowyer had Returned from the
Assembly ys. Deponnent was at the House of the sd. Bowyer
& on Conversation Relating to orders just before given by
Colo. Andw. Lewis to the Captains of some Companies near
him to have certain numbers of men in Readiness in Case of
further hostilities, The sd. Bowyer said yt. Colo. Lewis had
no orders for what he was Doing & that it was only to get
his Land Surveyed that Colo. Lewis was doing it out of his
own head, that the men would get no pay & that ye would be
Cursed Fools for going, as there was no penalty for Refusing
& that there should have been no such draught made in his
Company had he been at whom.'
This deponent further saith that some Time afterwards he
was at the House of the sd. Bowyer again & in Conversation
Relating to some orders for sending out men in Defence of
the Fronteers the sd. Boyer further said that he had seen Colo.
Lewis' orders & that he had no such orders as that, & that
the sd. Bowyer further said that the Governor had no Right
to give any such orders without the Assembly J this deponent
further saith that he believes the sd. Bowyer urged such ar-
guments with many others, & is sensible it was a great Hurt
to the Raising of men & further saith not.
Signed: Adam Wallace.
At Mr. Adam Wallace's Request taken before me loth
Sept. 1774, at ye Levels of Greenbryer.
John Murray.
(A Copy)
the Revolutionary conventions, and in the State Legislature. He had
evidently gotten into trouble by throwing obstacles in the way of
raising troops during "Dunmore's War." His expression of opin-
ion that the Governor had no right to give orders for raising troops ^
without the Assembly's assent, was significant of the feeling of the
time.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 47
;
Freeholders of Louisa Co. to Their Representatives In
Convention. — In Regard to Gaming.
Louisa, March 17th, 1775
To the Gentlemen the Convention appointed to meet at Rich-
mond the 20th March.
Gentlemen, — We the Freeholders of this County having deep-
ly at heart the common cause do cheerfully engage to undergoe
any hardships or self-denial consequent to our faithful and
steady adherence to the Continental resolves : we hope this like-
wise is the general determination of our Country, but as there
are some who have wantonly violated their most sacred engage-
ments (as we understand it) from no higher temptation than
that of an Idle divertion directly contrary to the Eighth re-
solve of the said Continental Congress ; vindicating their con-
duct by an insult on common sense (to wit) that Gaming for
small sums is not Gaming, they at once open the Door to all
that Excess, injustice, fraud, deception, and Idleness that al-
most constantly attend that pernicious practice, or at least
set evil examples that we think ought to be suppressed in
their first appearance as the General Congress plainly intend.
We desire, therefore, to lay this matter before you. Gentlemen,
whose business it is (we apprehend) to Superintend in some
measure the conduct of Committees as well as individuals of
this Province or be that as it may your Judgement in this
affair would be justly regarded had the Eighth Resolve been
faithfully adhered to. We doubt not those Idle hankerers
after that so baleful a practice would by this time have been
employing their time and Tallents in some useful way
Chas. Barret, John Watson,
FredTc Harris, Richd. Anderson,
Wm. Pettus, Thos. King,
David Terrel, Will Lewis,
Grco. Lumsden, Humphrey Parish,
Micajah Davis, Chas. Dickenson,
Richd. Phillips, Geo. Holland,
Richd. Bloxsom, Peter Shelton,
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48 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Jno. Ragland, Sackville King,
Thos. Johnson, Junr., Robt. Barret, Jr.,
Joseph Greyson, Joseph Holt,
Ben. Timberlake, Geo. Meriwether,
Wm. Johnson, Thos. B. Smith,
WilHam Garnett, Wm. Meriwether,
Anderson Thomson, Nicho. Meriwether,
William Smith, Wm. Hodges,
Jno. Fox, Joseph Shelton,
Thomas Adams, William Shelton.
Wm. White,
Deposition of Dr. William Pasteur." In Regard to thk
Removal of Powder^ from the Williamsburg
Magazine.
1775-
The Depon. of Dr. Wm. Pasteur being first duly sworn saith
On Friday morning the 22nd of April last, going up Town I
was informed by Mr. Richd. Carleton that .the Powder was
removed from the Magazine by Capt. Collins with a body of
*Dr. William Pasteur, of Huguenot descent, was a prominent phy-
sician and surgeon of Williamsburg. He married Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of President William Stith, of William and Mary College.
^The removal of the powder from the magazine at Williamsburg
by Governor Dunmore's orders, may be considered the beginning of
the Revolution in Virginia. For an account of this affair and of the
consequent excitement in Virginia, see Campbell's History of Vir-
ginia, 607-614; the Bland Papers, XXHI, XXIV; and Henrys Life
of Patrick Henry, I 276-291. The old brick magazine, "The Powder-
horn,'' now the property of the Association for the Preservation of
Virginia Antiquities, still remains in Williamsburg, a carefully pre-
served memorial.
The Virgihia Gazette (Dixon and Hunter), April 22, 1775, con-
tains the address of the Common Hall of Williamsburg to the Gov-
ernor, and his reply; that of the 29th (supplement) contains "A Se-
rious Admonition to the Inhabitants of Williamsburg," signed
"Civis," evidently by Peyton Randolph or some one of the more con-
servative party. May 6th has an account of the removal of arms
from the magazine by the people. On May 13th the resolution of the
Fredericksburg meeting and of the Hanover Committee are printed.
All refer to the removal of the powder.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 49
Marines before day that morning soon after which I was
summoned to meet the Corporation at the Hall; going there
I observed a great commotion among the Inhabitants & soon
afterwards there were many of them under arms & rendez-
vou'd at the Hall with many others unarmed. The Hall then
met, and there were present most of the inhabitants. The
Corporation then addressed the Govr. to return the powder
to ye Magazine & rec'd his answer published in the Virginia
Gazett; this they mentioned to the people on their return to
the Hall; requested them to be peaceable & disperse which
they accordingly did. That during this Convention I saw Capt.
Foy, Cap. Montague & Cap. Collins pass through the main
street unmolested; I saw no further commotion that day;
Next morning being call'd to the Pallace to visit a Patient I
accidently met with his Excellency the Governor who intro-
duced a conversation relative to what had pass'd the day be-
fore & seemed exceedingly exasperated at the People's having
being under Arms when I observed to his Excellency that
this was "done in a hurry & confusion, & that most of them
sccm'd convinced it was wrong, his Lordship then proceeded
to make use of several rash expressions & said that tho' he did
not think himself in danger, yet he understood some injury
or insult was intended to be offered to Capt. Foy & Collins,
which he should consider as done to himself, as these gentle-
men acted entirely by his particular directions, & then swore
by the living God, & many such like expressions that if a
grain of powder was burnt at Capt. Foy or Capt. Collins, or
that if any injury or insult was offered himself or either of
them, he would declare freedom to the slaves & reduce the
City of Wmsburg to ashes. He then mentioned seting up the
Royal Standard but did not say he wou'd actually do it, but
says he bclicv'd if he did he should have people & all the
Slaves on the side of Government, that he had once fought
for Virginians and that by God he wou'd let them see he
cou'd fight agamst them & declared that in a short time he
could depopulate the whole Country. This he desired me to
communicate to the Speaker & Gentlemen of the Town & to
do it immediately, that there was not an hour to spare, adding
that if Innes & George Nicholas® continued to go at large
'James Innes and George Nicholas must have been especially prom-
4
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50 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
what he had say'd wou'd from some misconduct of theirs be
certainly carr>''d into execution. This I immediately com-
municated to the Speaker & several other Gentlemen of the
Town, and it soon became publicly known in consequence of
which, as I believe, two of the principle Gentlemen of the
City sent their Wifes and Children into the Country, & soon
after this we were informed by an express from Fredericksburg
that the people in that part of the Country were in motion
towards the City; and next morning being at the Pallace to
visit a patient I accidentlly met with his Excellency again,
who declared to me that if a large body of People (a place
about thirty miles from town), that he wou'd immediately en-
large his plan and carry it into execution, but said that he
should not regard a small number of men, adding that he then
had two Hundred muskets loaded in the Pallace; His Ex-
cellency more than once did say he should not carry these plans
into Execution unless he was attacked. But, This Depont.
further saith that to the best of his knowledge at the time
Lady Dunmore & Family removed from W'burg" oh board
the Fowey man of War, the inhabitants were very peaceful,
Resolved, That his Excellency's menacing Declarations, and
have tended greatly to irritate the minds & excite Commotions
Among the People.
(to be continued)
inent in their denunciation of the Governor's conduct. The first a
son of Rev. Robert Innes, A. M. (Aberdeen), rector of Dr>'sdale
Parish, Caroline county, Va., was a man of ability and eloquence, and
of impetuous temper. He was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel 15th
Virginia Regiment in 1776, and saw much active service during the
war. On November 23, 1786, he was elected by the Legislature, At-
torney-General of Virginia. It is stated that Washington offered
him the position of Attorney-General of the United States. He died
in Philadelphia, and was buried there August 3, 1798.
George Nicholas was son of Robert Carter Nicholas, Treasurer of
Virginia, and died in Kentucky in 1799. He was appointed Captain
2d Virginia October 24, 1775, and rose to be Lieutenant-Colonel nth
Virginia ; was a prominent member of the Virginia Legislature and
Convention of 1788. In 1790 he removed to Kentucky and was largely
instrumental in framing the Constitution of that State.
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THE CORBIN PAPERS. 51
THE CORBIN PAPERS.
[Through the kind permission of the late Mrs. S. Wellford
Corbin, of "Farley V'ale," King George county, Va., we were
permitted to make .copies of a number of old documents which
have been preserved by the family. Richard Corbin, of "Lane-
ville," King and Queen county, was the last royal Receiver
General of Virginia.]
Commissary William Robinson.^
[Endorsed]
King's Warrant.
William Robinson, iioo Per Annum out of Virginia Quit
Rents as Commissary.
Ent.
Ent. in the Office of the Auditor General of the Plantations
20th November, 1765.
Rbt. Cholmondeley.
Ent. in y^ Aud" Office in Virginia, Appil 11, 1766.
John Blair, D. Aud^
George R.
Whereas, it hath been humbly represented unto Us on behalf
of William Robinson, Minister of the Gospel, now residing in
Our Colony of Virginia, that he was by an appointment from
Doctor Sherlock, formerly Bishop of London, bearing date the
eighteenth of April, 1761, constituted Commissary for exer-
cising Spiritual and Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction within the said
Colony in the room of Thomas Dawson then lately deceased,
and that a yearly Salary of One hundred Pounds had been al-
lowed and paid out of the Quit Rents in the said Colony as
UVilliam Robinson, son of Christopher Robinson, of "Hewick,"
Middlesex county, Va., matriculated April 2. 1737, at the age of twenty,
at Oriel College, Oxford, and received his B. A. degree in 1740. He
states in a paper, which has been printed, that after taking his degree,
he was chosen to one of "Dr. Robinson, Bishop of London's exhibi-
tions (who was my great uncle)." He was ordained in 1743, and
became minister of Stratton-Major, King and Queen county, in 1744,
continuing to be so until his death in 1767 or 1768. See Meade's Old
Churches and Families of Virginia, I, 377-37^-
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52 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
well to the said Thomas Dawson as to several of his predeces-
sors in the said Office in respect thereof, And We have been
humbly besought to allow a like yearly Salary unto the said
William Robinson during his continuance in the said Office
whereunto We are graciously pleased to condescend and agree.
Our Will and Pleasure therefore is. And We do hereby Direct,
Authorize and Command that out of any Monies which from
time to time shall be in your hands of Our Revenue of Quit
Rents arising in Our said Colony of Virginia, You do pay
unto the said William Robinson such sums of Money as are
already due, or from time to time hereafter quarterly or oth-
erwise shall become due unto him for and upon the yearly
Salary of One hundred Pounds, which We hereby Give and
Grant unto him in respect of his said Office, the said yearly
Salary to commence from the said Eighteenth day of April,
1 761, and to be payable and paid for ar^d during such time
as he shall continue to execute the said Office of Commissary,
Or until We shall signify Our Pleasure to the contrary. And
this, together with the acquittance or Acquittances of the said
William Robinson, shall be as well to you for making such
Payments as to the Auditor General for allowing thereof upon
your Accounts a sufficient Warrant. Given at Our Court at
Saint James's this nth day of NovV, 1765, In the sixth Year
of Our Reign.
Lord Dunmore' to Richard Corbin.
[Endorsed]
Lord Dunmore rec'd SepV, 1775.
[Addressed]
To Mr. Robert Prentis at W burg.
Sir,
Do be so good as to forward the inclosed as directed, and
you will much oblige Sir yours,
Dunmore.
[Endorsement on Enclosure]
Rec^d 7th SepV. R. P.
^On June 2, 1775, Lord Dunmore left Williamsburg and took refuge
on a British man-of-war. Until about mid-summer, 1776, he, with a
fleet under his command, was cruising on the Virginia coast, and en-
gaged in hostilities with the Virginians.
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THE CORBIN PAPERS. 5S
[Addressed]
To the Hon^^ Richard Corbin, EsqV, at Laneville.
Off Norfolk On board the William,
7ber 5th, 1775.
Dear Sir,
A few days ago I received yours of the i6th Ulto. inform-
ing me that notwithstanding your private Business required
your presence at Home, yet you did not choose to go, fearing
it might not be agreeable to some of your Countrymen in
their present moode of thinking, but that you had requested
your friend to mention your situation to the Convention at
Richmond, & that you find it is agreeable to them that you
should go home; I am sure if that is the Case, and you are
still of opinion that your private Business requires your pres-
ence, I know of nothing that need detain you a single moment
here, on the contrary I think if there is but a chance that your
going can be of the smallest service to this your native land,
nothing aught to prevent you, and if my concurrence is neces-
sary, you have it with all my heart, and from my Soul wishing
that you could be the means of reconciling these very unfor-
tunate differences, between two Countries whose mutual ad-
vantage it is to be firmly united, and wishing most sincerely
that on your return you may find this at present unhappy
and most wretchedly deluded Country, in the full exercise of
its late happy constitution & Government, which I know is
your sincere wish, & must be of every real well wisher to His
Country, but can be of none more than of your
Most Ob* & very H^^« ServS
DUNMORE.
To Col. Corbin.
VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND.
Communicated by Mr. Lothrop Withincton, 30 Little Russell street,
W. C, London (including "Gleanings" by Mr. H. F. Waters,
not before printed.)
(continued)
Daniel Lluellin of Chelmsford, Essex, planter. Will 6
February 1663 | 4 ; proved 1 1 March 1663 | 4. Lands, tene-
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^4 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ments, hereditaments in Charles county in upper part of James
River, in Virginia, to wife Anne for life, then to son Daniel
Llewellin. Ditto as to goods, but to daughter Martha Jones his
sister two seasoned servantes. Also to son Daniell Lluellin best
suite, cloake, coate and hatt, second best hatt with silver hat-
band, all Linnen, and my sayle skinn Trunck. To friend Mary
Elsing of Chelmsford, spinster, for care, one of best white ruggs
and my new peece of Dowlas, saving sufficient for a winding
sheet to bury mee. To Mary Deerington of Chelmsford, widow
one of worst white ruggs. To daughter Margaret Cruse 40s.
for ring and to her husband ditto. To son in law Robert Hal-
lom ditto. To master Chr. Salter living in Wine Court without
Bishopgate and Anne his wife ids. each for gloves. Goods
sent over this spring and summer to be sold for debts due.
Rest to son Daniel. Executors: Thomas Vervell of Roxwell,
Essex, gent, James Jauncy of Cateaton Streete, London, Mer-
chant. Giles Sussex of Thames Street, London, Hottpresser,
and Master William Walker of Colchest:, Essex, Shopkeeper.
To be buried in parish church of Chelmsford neare the Read-
ing deske and friend Doctor John Michelson to preach. Wit-
nesses: Robert Lloyd, Tim Code senior, scrivenor.
Bruce, 31.
[Daniel Lluellin, or Llewellyn, of Chelmsford, Essex, England, came
to Virginia in or before 1642, and settled near Shirley, in Charles
City county. On August 7, 1642, he patented 856 acres, bounded by
the land of Mrs. Heyman, the upper branches of Turkey Island
Creek, the lands of Mr. Aston and Joseph Royall, and the river.
Robert Hallome was a head right. Later he received several other
grants in the same neighborhood. Daniel Llewellyn was a justice
of the peace for Charles City, a captain of militia, and member of
the House of Burgesses for Henrico county at the sessions of March,
i642-*3, and October, 1644, and for Charles City at the sessions of
October, 1646, November, 1652, March, i654-'5, March, i655-'6, and
December, 1656. He married Anne, widow of Robert Hallam, or
Hoi lam.
The patent of 1642 was re-granted in 1666 to Daniel Llewellin, "son
and heir of the aforesaid Captain Daniel Llewellin." The son, accord-
ing to the records of Henrico county, was born in 1647, and, in 1677,
calls himself the "son-in-law" of Captain John Stith. The daughter,
Margaret Cruse, may have been the wife of Captain James Crews, of
Hfenrico, who was hung for his participation in Bacon's Rebellion,
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 55
though Crews was unmarried at the time of his death. See this maga-
zine, IV, 122-123.
Robert Hallam was living at the Neck of Land (in the upper parts)
in February, 1623, and at the census of i624-'5 was aged twenty-three,
and is stated to have come to Virginia in the Bonaventure in August,
1620. The census includes him as one of the servants in the "muster**
of Luke Boyse at Neck of Land, Charles City. That the term "ser-
vant" did not always mean, as used in this census, a menial, is shown
by the fact that on June 7, 1636, Robert Hallam had a grant of 1,000
acres in Henrico adjoining the land of Edward Osborne, and lying
on the river "right over against a creek called the fallen creek" [Fall-
ing Creek, Chesterfield county], Hallam had a re-grant of this land
on November i, 1637, and on May 6, 1638, there was granted to Anne
Hollam, widow, and to the heirs of Robert Hollam, deceased, 1,000
acres in Henrico, lying on the river, extending towards Bremo and
Turkey Island, and adjoining the lands of Mr. Richard Cocke and
John Price — the said tract being due to them by sale from Arthur
Bayly, merchant.
In the William and Mary Quarterly, VIII, 237-245, are printed a
number of letters (copied from an old Charles City record book),
dated in i655-'7f and addressed to Daniel Llewellin, the elder, by va-
rious relations in England.
These letters show the Hallams to have been of Essex, England.
One of the correspondents was William Hallam, of Burnham, Essex,
Salter, a brother of Robert Hallam, the elder, of Virginia. Another
brother was Thomas Hallam, dead in 1656, who had a son, Thomas
Hallam, Salter, of London, who made a voyage to Virginia in 1657.
Margaret, widow of Thomas Hallam, Sr., married William Mason,
another of the correspondents. Robert Hallam, Jr., of Virginia, was
living with the Masons. They speak highly of his character and
appearance, and state that he had been bound to one Wood, a pros-
perous tailor, who had married Ann, daughter of Thomas Hallam,
deceased. Samuel Woodward, of Charles City, who died in 1680,
married Sarah, daughter of Robert Hallam, and had a son, Samuel,
who was living in Boston, Mass., in 1705. There is recorded in Henrico
a deed dated June, 1691, from John Gundey, of Gloucester, and his
wife, Anne, daughter of Mr. Robert Hallam, conveying to Captain
William Randolph a tract of land at Turkey Island. Daniel Llewellin's
daughter, Martha Jones, may have been ancestress of the family in
Amelia, Prince George, &c., in which Llewellin was frequently a
Christian name.] . . !"
John Howett of Elixabeth Cittie in Virginia in parts beyond
the seas, Planter, bound on a voyage to Virginia. Will 6 Sep-
tember 1654; proved 28 July 1659. To wife Elizabeth Howett
if living and vnmarried contrary to now report from Virginia
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66 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
one third of my estate of Tobacco etc. To brother and all kin-
dred IS each. Rest to- friend Mr. Thomas Howett, Citizen and
cooper of London, executor. Witnesses : Robert Earle, scriv-
enor, Prior Henrv Fancin.
Pell, 425.
William Thomas. Will 2 January 1655 | 6; proved 19 Oc-
tober 1660. To wife Judith Thomas three parts of estate, but
if she deparf her lile, which God forbid, to her sister Francis
Henshaw the third, and another third to Thomas Jones here in
Virginia, and last third to Sarah Jones late wife of Richard
Jones ; and to said Sarah the fourth part given to wife, but if
Sarah depart life while she stayeth in Virginia or in twelve
months, then her fourth part to Thomas Bigge, etc. To god-
child Mr. Garrett Farrellchild two cowes and three sowes. To
Thomas Bigge one Cowe and Suite of Broadcloth. Thomas
Jones to dispose of estate till order from Proprietors and send
home good Tobacco this year. Executrix: my wife. Over-
seers: the Court. Estate to be sold at Cry. Witnesses: Ben
Sidway, John Richards.
Nabbs, 195.
[Benjamin Sidway, of Surry county, married Mary, widow of Ben-
jamin Harrison, first of the name. By order of court, Capt. Benja-
min Sidway sold on January 16, 1652, a tract of land belonging to
Peter, "orphan of Benjamin Harrison." Captain Sidway was appointed
a justice of Surry in 1652. The will of Mrs. Mary Sidway was dated
March i, i686-'7, and proved May 29, 1688. Her principal legatees
were her sons, Benjamin Harrison and Thomas Sidway. Thos. Sid-
way, by his will, proved December 3, 1695, left most of his estate to
his wife, Jean. He apparently had no children.]
Richard Kempe of Kich-neck [Rich-Neck] in Colonie of
Virginia, Esquire.
Berkeley, 455.
[Richard Kemp, Secretary of State of Virginia. He seems to have
been a brother of Sir Robert Kemp, of Gissing, Bart.]
[Printed in full in Va. His. Magazine, II, I74-I75- The
official copying clerks at Somerset House work as mere ma-
chines and have a most annoying way of omitting the proper
references to the verbatim wills which they copy from the
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 57
old registers, for which venerable records they have not the
least reverence, covering them with their own scrawls to mark
oflF their hack jobs. Worse than this, lately several precious
old illuminations in the manuscript have been slashed out of
the fine old Elizabethan register, Langley, of the Prerogative
Court of Canterbury. — L. W.]
John Bly. Will 3 January 1662 | 3; proved 16 May 1664.
Release £40 I was to have at my mother's death. Release £80
and £50 in hands of Master Richard Booth, Merchant, to be
shared as by order left in hands of brother Giles Bly. Release
brother William of £20. Desire £3 to be paid for silk rugge
I received from Richard West of money in hands of Brother
Giles, and release him the rest. To wife produce of 50 Hogs-
head of Tobacco shipped home for England in the Fredericks
as also shipped upon said joynt Cargoe. Desire shipped
this present year for England, if Tobacco may be pro-
cured, 220 Hogshead, and my Third conveyed to wife in such
goods she shall desire. To wife Goods and Household stuff I
brought over this yeare to furnish my house and desire her
father to make satisfaction to her of £120 for goods I bought
for her this yeare in England. To wife all Rings and Watches,
Deskes, and Trunckes and Chests, only one large chest to Mas-
ter William Bough Junior, and one middle sized ditto to brother
George Hunt, and in case he desires to returne to England, at
his returne to be paid by wife the produce of 10 hogshead of
Tobacco. Produce of 60 Hogsheads, whereof 40 are to shipp
home this yeare by the Frederick, to be divided to my Mother,
Brothers, and Sisters, and other 20 when they arrive in Eng-
land. Goods amounting to £26 left last yeare in hands of father
in law Abraham Wood, Esquire, besides other things, to be re-
turned to wife if she desires. To Master Christopher Branch,
senior, for writing my will one good Hogshead of Tobacco.
To Christopher Branch, junior, for care in sickness ditto in
such goods as he like of this yeare. To wife all Tobacco re-
ceived by bills and bonds. Executrix: wife Mary Bly, to be
advised by her father. Executor in England: brother Giles
Bly, to be advised by Richard Booth, merchant. Witnesses:
Thomas Branch, John Gardner. Proved 23 March 1662 | 3
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58 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
before the Governor and councill. Test : Fra : Kirkham, copia
vera F. K., Gierke to Hon^ Governor and councill of Virga.
Hen. Randolph, Not. Pub. Proved by Giles Bly as to goods
in England. Bruce, 46.
[A John Blyth received a grant from the Virginia Company in 1623.
William Baugh, Sr., was justice of Henrico 1656, 1669, &c. He
was born not later than 161 2, and died in 1687, when his will was
proved in Henrico. He has many descendants. His son, William
Baugh, Jr., died before him. See this magazine VII, 424, for a note
on Baugh. In addition to the grants there mentioned, the following
should be included (i) Assignment, June 13, 1636, of a patent to
John Baugh, of Varina, planter: (2) John Baugh, gent., 250 acres on
Appomattock river, adjoining the land lately belonging to Mr. Abra-
ham Pearcey, May 11, 1638; (3) John Baugh, gent., of 100 acres in
Bermodo Hundred, in Henrico county, 80 acres, part thereof, bounded
on the north by the land lately belonging to John Arundel, S. E. by
the Bay of Appomattock, W. S. W. by Powell's Creek and N. E. by
Conecock Path ; 4 acres bounded on the N. N. E. by James River,
E. S. E. by the land of James Usher, S. S. E. by the land of Michaell
Maysters, W. N. W. by the land of William Sharp; 16 acres lying
in Bermodo Hundred Neck, bounded on the south by the land of
Joseph Royall, N. N. E. by the swamp, and N. W. by the land of
Michaell Maysters, July 24, 1645; re-grant August 6, 1650; (4) Col.
Robert Pitt, and Mr. William Baugh, 1,800 acres in Isle of Wight
on a branch of Blackwater Swamp, February 18, 1664; (5) Col. Robert
Pitt, Captain Joseph Bridger, and Mr. William Baugh, 3,000 acres
in Isle of Wight, including 1,200 acres of the land formerly granted
to Pitt and Baugh, March 21, 1664.
Abraham Wood, member of the Council and Major-General of
Militia. See this magazine. III, 252.
The Branches were descendants of Christopher Branch, of Kings-
land," Henrico, Burgess 1639. For a notice of a part of this very nu-
merous family see the Richmond Critic.
Francis Kirkman was long Clerk of the Council. It may be men-
tioned, by the way, that the editors of the first volume of the Calendar
of Virginia State Papers read his signature "Fra." as "Ira."
Henry Randolph, a half brother of the poet, Thomas Randolph,
came to Virginia in 1642, and was Clerk of the House of Burgesses
from 1660 to his death in 1673. He was uncle of William Randolph,
of "Turkey Island." See this magazine, III, 261 ; XI, 58, and IVilliam
and Mary Quarterly, October, 1895. In March, 1661-2, the Assembly
appointed Henry Randolph notary public for the colony (Hening, II,
136), and he is stated to have held the office until his death. He was
succeeded by Thomas Ludwell, and he in turn by Robert Beverley
(Hening, II, 456, 457).]
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 59
Robert Bristow of the parish of Gabriel Fenchurch, Lon-
don, Merchant. Will 20 September 1700; proved 29 Novem-
ber 1707. To be interred in the family burying ground in Tab-
ernacle Alley belonging to the parish of Gabriell Fenchurch or
in burying ground in or near Bunhill Feilds: To poore of
Brinstead, County Southampton, where I was born, iio; to
poore of Micheldever in said county £5. Executors to pay to
loving wife in case she survive and not otherwise £4000 as by
marriage agreement as in recognizance in Court of Common
Pleas at Westminster 24 November 1680 in lieu of her third
as a Freeman's Widow of London ; also to wife a necklace of
pearls, diamond ring, and gold watch presented her before
marriage. To my daughter-in-law Catherine Bristow, widow
of my dear son Robert Bristow lately deceased, iiooo in
trust for my granddaughter Avarilla Madgwick, wife of Wil-
liam Madgwick of London, Merchant, or to Avarilla's chil-
dren if she die, and said Avarilla to release personal estate for
pretence to custom of London, etc. To my granddaughter
Katherine Baily £500 at 21, and in case of her father Arthur
Baily EsqV pay to said Avarilla Madgwick £500 and discharge
her real estate of £500 part of £1000 payable in right of her
mother his late wife, then to said Katherine Baily £500 more,
she to release as other granddaughter is directed to. To Wil-
liam Blanchard and John Blanchard, sons of my sister Jane
Blanchard, £20 each. Release to John Stevens son of sister
Alice Alice [sic] Stephens two bonds of £95. To Ann Blanch-
ard, Widow, relict of nephew Thomas Blanchard, £20. To
my six granddaughters the daughters of my said son Robert
Bristow deceased, viz: Katherine, Avarilla, Elizabeth, Anne,
Frances, and Rebecca Bristow £1000 each at 21, etc. To
granddaughter Katherine Bristow £100 more at 21 or mar-
riage. To grandson William Bristow all my land in the par-
ish of St. Mary Overeys in the Burrough of Southwark pur-
chased of Mr. John Lorain, being the Talbott Inn and other
houses leased at £240 per annum, and in default of issue of
said William Bristow to my grandson John Bristow, then to
my grandson Robert Bristow. To grandson John Bristow,
youngest son of said son Robert Bristow, lands at Brittlewcll
in Hundred of Rocheford, Essex, lately purchased of Thomas
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60 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Werg, EsqV, being the Moiety of Mannor of Earls Hall and
Lordshipp of Brittlewell and Farm lett to William Ferrys, and
Rectory lett to Thomas Short, all of ii8o per annum, other
Moiety whereof belongs to Mr. John Chambers, and also
1 20 acres in parish of East Wood Bury, Hundred of Roche-
ford, of annual value of £30, in default of issue of John, to
grandsons William and Robert. To my grandson Robert
lands and all money and debts owing to me in Virginia, in de-
fault of issue the same to my grandson William Bristow, in
default, to my grandson John Bristow. To my daughter-in-
law Katherine Bristow, the said William Madgwick, and Ben-
jamin Woolley of Mortlack Gent all the lands in the hundred
of Rocheford, Essex, which I purchased of the Right Hon-
oble Daniel Earle of Nottingham, in trust for my grandson
Robert Bristow with remainder as aforesaid. My daughter-
in-law Katherine Bristow to be executrix until she marry or
the said Robert, William, and John Bristow are 21, then they
to be executors with granddaughter Katherine Bristow. Resi-
due of estate other than in Virginia to 6 granddaughters chil-
dren of son Robert Bristow. If any except Robert claim un-
der custom of London, legacies to be void. If Robert claim,
said claim to be charged out of his legacy. To my wife and
daughter-in-law i20 each for mourning. To my said son-in-
law Arthur Baily and said William Madgwick iio ditto. To
each of my servants £5 ditto. Codicil, 3 April, 1707. Whereas
I have bought the Mannor of Havering in Parish of Home-
church, Essex, and several Farms in Essex from John Woolley.
merchant, to my daughter-in-law Katherine Bristow and Law-
rence Hatsell of London, Scrivener, in trust for the nine chil-
dren of my said daughter-in-law, the same, to be sold and the
money to be equally divided among the said nine children of
my said daughter Bristow by Mr. Robert Bristow, my son.
her Husband, deceased. Witnesses to both will and codicil.
Edward Northey, William Lang, Ja: Gibbon. Proved 21
March 1743] 4 by John Bristow, Esquire, one of the grand-
sons and surviving executors, reserving to other surviving
executors William Bristow and Katherine Bristow, grant to
Katherine Bristow Widow expiring by reason of said John
Bristow attaining age of 21. Poley, 275.
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 61
[In Burke's Landed Gentry, edition of 1847, is a pedigree of the
family to which the testator belonged. It states that Robert Bristow.
Esq., second son of Robert Bristow, Esq., of Ayot, St. Lawrence,
Hertfordshire, was born in 1643, and settled in Virginia, about 1660
(as stated in Byshes Visitation of Herts., 1669). In Virginia he pur-
chased in 1663, and following years, various estates in the counties
of Lancaster, Gloucester and Prince William (which was then Staf-
ford). He married in Virginia, Avarilla, daughter of Major Curtis.
Returning to England about 1680, he became a merchant in London,
and acquired a considerable fortune, and purchased estates in Lon-
don and elsewhere. His only son, Robert Bristow, Esq., associated
with him in business, was also very successful, and bought property
in Sussex and Essex. He was M. P. for Winchelsea in the Parlia-
ments of 1698 and 170a. The family seems to have been one of con-
siderable wealth and social standing.
This account is borne out by our records. Robert Bristow received
the following grants: (i) One thousand acres on Fleet's Bay, Lan-
caster county, formerly granted to Humphrey Tabb by patent, March
22, 1654, and by Thomas Tabb, son and heir of the said Humphrey,
assigned to Philip Mallory, and by said Mallory assigned to Bristow
and Edmund Welsh, who sold his share to Bristow, September 29,
1663; (2) 398 acres in Gloucester, on North River, in Mockjack Bay,
and adjoining the lands of Harris, Thomas Morris, Major Curtis, and
Mr. Richard Young — 288 acres, part thereof was formerly granted
to Mrs. Avarilla Curtis April 4, 1661 (being part of a grant of 410
acres), and by the said Avarilla assigned to "the said Mr. Bristow's
husband'' (evidently "Mr. Bristow, her husband," is meant) ; Octo-
ber 2$, 1665; (3) 184 acres in Gloucester, on Ware River, adjoining
his own land and that of Harris, May 7, 1666. After his return to
England he became a partner with Brent and others, about 1689 in the
purchase of 30,000 acres in Stafford, now in Prince William, called
Brent Town or Brenton. Bristow Station, well known during the
Civil War, doubtless derives its name from the Bristow estate in
Prince William, which remained in the possession of the family until
the Revolution, when it was confiscated.
Robert Bristow evidently returned to England about 1677. In the
report of the Bacon's Rebellion Commissioners on the sufferers in
that insurrection, made October 15, 1677, they say: "Major Robert
Bristow, a Gentleman of a good estate and an' Eminent sufferer in
his stock, Provision, Armes, Ammunition, Mr'chts (k>ods & consid-
erable Quantitys 01 Strong Liquors, as also in his person by being
kept a prisoner until Bacon's death and after, he hath had a general
knowledge of most passages relating to the late unhappy Troubles,
and is able not only to justify most Particulars of our Narrative, But
also is a person very fitt & necessary to be examined to divers par-
ticulars in the generall & personall Grievances. Being a man of good
understanding in the Virginia affaires and one of Integrity and mod-
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62 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
eracion, soe that wee could wish hee might bee sent where there shall
bee occasion & use of him in any of the aforesaid affaires being now
an Inhabitant in Tower Street, London, Agt. Barking Church."
Robert Bristow married Avarilla, daughter of Major Thomas Curtis,
of Gloucester, and Avarilla, his wife. They also had a daughter,
Sarah Curtis, born in Ware Parish, Gloucester, August i6, 1657,
who married, first, William Halfhide, and secondly, Richard Perrott,
of Middlesex county.]
Francis Hough of St. Peters the Poor, London, merchant.
Will (nuncupative) 25 July 1648; proved 27 July 1648. Eld-
est son William to be sent over to Virginia. To mother Mrs.
Christian Stockwood £150, and sister Mrs. Elizabeth Stock-
wood £50. To children William, John, Jane, and Anne Hough,
all Tobaccos, money, goods, etc. in England, Virginia, or else-
where. Estate of Tobacco due in Virginia to be received by
friend Mr. Richard Preston. Profits of severall plantations
in Virginia to be divided to four children till eldest son Wil-
liam is 21 and fit to manage same, then plantations to two sons
William and John. Eldest son William Hough to be edu-
cated, bred up, and made fitt to be sent over to Virginia to
manage those plantations for best use of himself and his
brother John Hough, and younger son John Hough to be like-
wise educated in England for managing such affairs as shall
be transported from eldest son out of Virginia to said young-
est son in England. Witnesses': Thomas Billiard, gent,
Thomas Potter, Grocer, Ann Hill, and others. Administra-
tion to Anne Cooke, grandmother of William, John, Jane, and
Ann Hough, children of Francis Hough deceased, during mi-
nority. Administration 6 September 1667 to John Hough,
Jane Hough als Andrewes, and Anne Ferrick als Hough, chil-
dren of deceased, former grant to Anne Cooke having expired.
Essex, 117.
[Francis Hough, or Huff, as it was sometimes spelt phonetically,
came to Virginia in the Sivan in 1620, and at the census of i624-'5,
when he was twenty years old, was living at Elizabeth City. He
assigned a patent for 50 acres in Elizabeth City in 1632. On Janu-
ary 3, 1633, he conveyed to Henry Coleman, of Elizabeth City, 60
acres there, formerly granted to Christopher Windmill, deceased, and
due Hough as marrying his widow. On November 12, 1635, lie pat-
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 63
ented 800 acres at the first creek on the south side of Nansemond
River, and extending to the mouth of the river. December 26, 1636,
he made a bill of sale for rights for 300 acres to Humphrey Swan.
On May 17, 1637, he obtained tour patents, aggregating 1,500 acres,
in Nansemond or Upper New Norfolk (see this magazine, VI, i8p).
He was a member of the House of Burgesses for Nutmeg Quarter
February, i632-'3, and in October, 1645, during the Indian War, was a
member of the "Council of War** for the "Associated Counties" of
Isle of Wight and Upper and Lower Norfolk. There is an entry in
the Lower Norfolk records, March 4, i647-'8, of certain bills, &c.,
delivered to Mr. Francis Hough "by God's p'vidence bound for Eng-
land."]
Francis Rockett, late of Parish of Goochland, county of
Henrico, province of Virginia, now of St. John Wapping, Lon-
don. Will 6 June 1748; proved 21 April 1749. To William
Fettiplace of St. John aforesaid, victualler, executor, my tract
of land in Goochland adjoining to Inskatt Creek, county Hen-
rico, Virginia, in America, with all Houses, Furniture, Wood
Undressed. Witnesses: Frans Seede, Will: Skeets.
Lisle, 120.
[From this family, "Rocketts," the port of Richmond, derives its
name.]
Philip Chesley, county York, Virginia. Will 18 De-
cember 1674: proved 10 May 1675. To brother Mr. Dan-
iel Wilde I2S for mourning ring. Ditto to sister Margaret
Wilde, brother Alexander Walker, sister Walker, cozen Fran-
cis Mitton, Fitz William Lawrence, Robert Bee, and Eliza-
beth Bee. To Esquire Ballard my scale ringe. To Daniel
Parke Esq. one mourning ring of 20s. To cozen Hugh Har-
dy one hogshead of Tobacco. To Mr. William Dingley, cozen
Mathew White, Mr. Jno. Wilde, cozen Henry Wilde, cozen
John Hardy, cozen Edward Highings, cozen John Highings.
and to every person whose surname is Chesley Inhabiting in
Welford in Gloucestershire, each one hogshead of Tobacco
year after demise. To two persons whose surname is Aple-
white livin<r in \'pham in Gloucestershire ditto each. To
poore of Welford £10. To wife Margaret Chesley all person-
al estate. To nephew Philip Chesley Plantation in Xew Kent
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64 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
County with servants, cattle, and household goods. To
nephew William Chesley ditto at Queenes Creek. Nephews
Philipp and William to be sent for vp to London apd put to
Schoole to learne to write and cast up Accompts. Four years
and after sent over to Virginia to be disposed at discretion
of executrix during her life. Cozen Richard Turner to be
sent home for London, his passage paid and a suite of Ap-
parell given him att London and 20s. to beare expenses into
Gloucestershire. My negro Joseph to serve eleven years and
noe longer. Executrix wife Margaret Chesley. Witnesses:
Daniel Parke, Fitz William Laurence, Anthony Hatch.
Dycer, 44.
[Captain Philip Chesley, of Queen's Creek, York county, who prob-
ably emigrated from Welford, Gloucestershire, was a church warden
of Bruton Parish in 1674. His will is of record in York county. He
obtained the following grants: (i) Four hundred acres on the east
side of Chickahominy River, in James City county, adjoining the
lands of Mr. Robert Holt, Mr. Felgate and James Crockett, on Little
Neck Creek, June 7, 1650; (2) Robert Wild and Philip Chesley, 100
acres in York count>-, in Hampton Parish, beginning at the Mill
Swamp, at the head of Queen's Creek, October 11, 1653; (3) Philip
Chesley and Nicholas Meriwether, 1,000 acres on the northeast side
of Skiminoe Swamp, adjoining the land of Wild and Chesley and the
Rickahock Path, June 7, 1655; (4) Philip Chesley and Daniel Wilde
750 acres in York, on the southwest side of York River, and on
Skiminoe Swamp, adjoining Rickahock Path, June 10, 1654.
In 1610 Lord Delaware appointed Mr. Robert Wild a clerk of the
store at Jamestown. His property was appraised in York county, No-
vember 24, 1647. In 1655 Robert and Daniel Wild were living in York
county, and the former died before 1662, leaving land in York county
to the other. Daniel Wild was sworn J. P. April 24, 1660, and married
Margaret (died February 12, 1675), widow of William Stephens,
cooper, and had an only child, Margaret, who married Captain John
Martin, of Stepney, mariner. Philip Chesley married Daniel Wild's
sister, Margaret (IVilliam and Mary Quarterly, IV, 4).
Thomas Ballard and Daniel Parke were members of the Council.]
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 66
THE VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM
PARISH, VA., 1707-1750.
(continued)
This day, September i, 1731, Jean Levilain* took the oatli
of vestryman in the usual manner in the presence of the ves-
try named below: Gille Alaigre, Estiene Chastain, Pierre
Louys Soblet, Antoine Rapine, Jean Jaque Dupui, Andre
Amonet, Guillaume Salle, Pierre Faure.
September i, 1731. The same day Mes. Antoine Rapine
(and) Abraham Salle conjointly rendered their account for
the year 1729. There is due to Mr. Rapine fourteen bushels
and one-half of wheat.
The same day the accounts of Mr. Rapine and of Isaac
Salle for the year 1730 were examined in full vestry. There
is shown to be owing forty-five bushels of wheat and sixty-
seven bushels of maize.
Jean Chastain.
The Sr. Antoine Rapine paid to the carpenter, Francois
James, the sum of nine thousand nine hundred and forty-seven
pounds of tobacco, in part payment for the church.
Mr. Marye received seventy- four bushels of wheat and
eighty-five bushels of maize on the amount due him, which
amounts to seventeen pounds, seventeen shillings, threepence.
There is (now) due him fifteen pounds, nine shillings, nine-
pence.
Jean Chastain.
This day the levy for the parish of King William for the
present year, 1731, was made, at forty pounds of tobacco and
a bushel of wheat and a bushel of maize per head. Present,
the vestry named above.
Jean Chastain.
This day the Sr. Guillieaume Salle took the oath of church
warden in the presence of the vestry above named.
Jean Chastain.
*Not the same one whbse resignation was accepted by the vestry
on August 19, above. There were two Jean Levilains in the parish,
probably father and son, as their names are usually bracketed to-
gether in the tax-lists.
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66 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
January i, 1731I2. The vestry assembled. Present: Es-
tiene Chastain, Gile Alaigre, Antoine Rapine, Jean Dupre,
Jean Jaque Dupui, Guilleaume Salle, Andre Amonet, Jean Levi-
lain, Jean Pierre Bonduran and Estiene Malet were appointed
to procession^ the land above the creek of Mr. Joni; Jean
Pierre Billiebo, Nicolas Soulie between the two creeks; Jean
Bernard, Jacob Trabue the other side of the creek below.
November 22, 1731. Antoine Rapine paid to Mr. Maton
forty bushels of wheat for the year 1730 of the balance due
him.
Jean Chastain.
2The first mention in the register of "processioning" or "perambu-
lating," a method of formally fixing the boundaries of the various
land-holders in the parish. By an Act of Assembly of March, 1661-2,
it was decreed that "within twelve months after this act, all the
inhabitants of every neck and tract of land adjoining shall goe in pro-
cession and see that the mark-trees of every mann*s land in these
precincts be renewed," and that the same course be taken once every
four years. Henings, Statutes at Large, II, 102. The same act pro-
vides "that each county court shall appoint and order the vestries of
each parish to divide the parishes into soe many precincts as they
shall think necessary for the neighbors to joyne and see each others
markes renewed," and fixes the period between Easter and Whitsuntide
for the processioning. In an act of October, 1705, the above act was
renewed, and the county courts were directed to order the vestries
to appoint two intelligent and honest freeholders in each prednct to
sec such processioning performed. These freeholders were required
to make report, which should be duly registered and certified to by
the church wardens. The period for processioning was by this act
fixed from the last day of September to the last day of March, and
the time was to be announced in advance by the committee. Bound-
aries three times processioned were to count as unalterably fixed.
Cf. Hening, III, 325. The last-mentioned act went into effect in
1708; but there is no notice of processioning in the present register
until the entry above. In the following pages committees arc ap-
pointed to procession on the following dates: March 29, 1735; Au-
gust 20, 1739; June 24, 1747. The custom was one of those brought
over from England; and it is of interest to note that according to
Rapalje and Lawrence, American and English Law Dictionary, II,
this manner of impressing boundaries still exists in some parts of
North Carolina and Tennessee.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
67
List of Tithables of the Parish of King Wiluam for
THE Year 1731.
rd, [
Jean Chastain, |
Charo, black, J
Jacob Amonet, | ^
Charlc Amonet, j
Andre Amonet, i
Jean Faure, i
Jean Bernard, ) ^
Antoine Bernard, J
Nicolas Soulie, 1
Jean Ducre, )
Mathieu Age, i
Jean Pierre Bonduran, ")
Jean Bonduran, r 3
Pierre Bonduran, )
Pierre Bibret, | ^
Jaque Faure, )
Pierre Brousse,
Francoi Allierd,
Andre Goodin
Thommas Deekens,
Roberd Peen,
Pierre Martin,
Jaque Houk,
Jacque Scott,
Nicolas Scotelar,
Edouard Scott,
Jean Quantain,
Dilsi, Debora,
Thommas,
Cooper,
Dick,
Brichis,
Robin.
Pierre Louy Soblet,
Pierre Soblett,
To. Grifin, .
Mark Gotrig,.
Francoi Dupui, I
David Bernard, i
)•
1
1
Pierre SaUe,
Jacque Brean,
Daniel Pero,
Estiene Malet,
W. Batom,
J. Ma. fil.,
Estiene Chastain,
Estiene Calvet,
Estiene Farsi,
Linbo,
Dick,
Panpi,
Mai,
Sara,
Antoine Benin, '
Joseph Benin,
Billi,
Cofe,
Jini>
W. Salle, ^
Gorge, I
Gini, j
Betti, J
Barbara Dutoi,
Jo,
Peg, black,
Jean Harris, 1
W. Harris, j
Barthelemi Dupui
Pierre Dupui,
Jean Jacue Dupui, )
Dick, black, j
Pierre Faure,
Jean Chapman,
Anne David,
Manuck,
Dick,
Dina,
David Lesueur,
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68
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Jean Loucadou,
Jean Pierre Bilbo, Sara,
Jean Peen, "^
Isaac Gk)ri, >
Antoine Calvert, )
Pierre Bocar,
Judith Giuodan, Betti,
Jaque Teler
Pierre Chastain,
Jean Mouni,
Piter,
Maria,
Jideon Chanbon,
Monoc,
Betti,
Jaque Soblet, |
Gouard Borgars, J
Jean Vilain,
Jean Vilain,
Antoine Vilain,
Piter,
Siser,
Marie,
Antoine Rapine,
Dick,
Sara,
Kett,
1
1 Pierre Guerand,
2 Glaude Rouviere,
Jame,
3 Jem,
Robin, Frenc,
1 Hand,
2 Mall,
Hanry Belly,
William Story,
5 James Holman (tithables) )
Jque Judith, J
Jean Dupre, tithables,
Gille Allaigre, tithables,
3 Daniel Faure, tithables,
Edouerd Brayer,
^ Elie Sasin,
Jacob Trabu,
Antoine Trabu,
Jean Martin,
, Jaque Martin,
Richard Dine,
Jean Dekey,
Jean Bottes,
Magdelaine Salle, Bob, )
. Agar, j
^ Thomas Prouet, )
Nicolas Duerai. j
Thomas Brian,
April 22, 1732. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Chastain, Antoine Rapine, Jeane Le vilain, Gillieaume Salle,
Jean Jaque Dupui, Andre Amonet, Pierre Louys Soblet. The
vestry discharged Glaude Gori from all future charge of the
parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Monsieur Rapine rendered his account for
the year 1730, and is quit of the same. Done in the presence
of the vestry as above.
Jean Chastain.
July 31, 1732. The vestry assembled. Present: Antoine
Rapine, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure, P. Louys Soblet, Jean
Jaques Dupuy, Guileaume Salle, Andre Amonnet. Mr. Es-
tiene Chastain was appointed to go and present to Mr. the
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 69
Governor a petition to fix the boundary of our parish of King
William. He was promised four shillings per day.
Jean Chastain, Clerk.
August 28, 1732. The vestry assembled. Present: Jean
Jaque Dupui, Guillieaume Salle, Estiene Chastain, Antoine
Rapine, Pierre Gaure, Louys Soblet, Andre Amonet. The
vestry gave full power to Mr. Marye to write to the gentle-
men of the Society for the twenty pounds which it had the
kindness to give to us in the last letter which we have received,
dated November 24, 1729.
The same day the church wardens, Guilieaume Salle (and)
Jean Jaque Dupi, rendered account of the maize. There is
due to them two bushels of maize, and they are discharged of
the wheat, saving errors in the account.
Jean Chastain.
September 30, 1732. The vestry assembled. Present: Es-
tiene Chastain, Gile Alaigre, Pierre Faure, Jean Dupre, Pierre
Louys Soblet, Andre Amonet, Guileaume Salle, Jean Jaque
Dupui. The church wardens rendered their account of the
tobacco. They still owe six hundred and seventy-seven pounds
of tobacco.
Jean Chastain.
The vestry, as above, made the levy for the present year of
a bushel and a half of wheat and a bushel and a half of maize
per tithable.
Jean Chastain.
The Sieurs Pierre Faure and Andre Amonet took the oath
of church warden in the presence of the vestry named above.
Jean Chastain.
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70
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William for
THE Year 1732.
Andre Amonet,
I
Peter Dupui,
I
Charlc Amonet,
I
Peter Louys Soblet, '
Jean Chastain & Charo, 2
Peter Soblet,
Thommas Dickins,
John Grifin,
4
Peter Martain,
Luci,
Willeam Giles,
John Peter Bilbo,
Sara,
/y
Nicolas Scotte,
7
^
James Scott,
Gedeon Chanbon,
Manac,
Bet,
James Houk,
3
Maria,
James Bryant,
I
John Quantain,
I
Willeam Salle, ^
James Smith,
I
George,
William Stanford,
I
Betti,
4
James Robinson,
I
Gini,
Rene Chastain, )
Betti, j
Edward Scott, ]
2
Dick,
John Bernard, ^
Robin,
'
6
Antoine Bernard, >
3
Cooper,
Nicolas Scott, )
Dilcey,
Moyse Forquera(?), )
David Bernar, j
2
Toni,
Thimote Eley,
I
John Watt, j
JimierWatt, j
0
Estiene Malet,
A
Edward Peen,
Tohn Harris, )
Tohn Mansfield,
4
Will Harris, [
3
Dick, J
Fillis, 3
Tames Soblet,
I
William Bottum,
I
Peter Faure,
I
Antoine Rapine,
John Faure,
I
Dick,
4
Nicolas Dueray,
I
Sara,
Estiene Chastain,
Kat, J
Linbo,
Antoine Calvet, 1
■7
Dick,
John Peen, }
Panpi,
Tack,
8
John Dupre,
3
Giles Allaigre,
4
Moll,
Daniel Faure,
2
Sara,
John Faure,
Jene,
Isaac Robinson,
Nicolas Soulie,
Sam, 3
/9
Edward Bryar,
2
Elie Sasin,
Antoine Benin, *\
Will,
Cofe,
Jene, J
Antoine Trabue,
A
Jacob Trabu,
2
4
John Dakar,
2
John Martain,
2
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
71
\
Thommas Portur,
Peter Loucadou,
John Loucadou,
Joseph,
Peg, 3
John Levilain, ^
.Antoine Vilain, I
Peter, )-
Sisar, |
Marie, J
Peter David
Dik,
Manuel, i
Daina, J
David Lesueur, |
Joseph Brian, )
Barthelemi Dupui,
Tohn James Dupui,
Dick,
Peter Dep,
Panetie,
John Pierre Panetie,
\
2
I
2
Jacque Martain,
Richard Dine,
5 Magdelaine Salle, her
tithable Bob,
John Villain,
John Adman,
58
70-
January 31, 1732I3. The vestry having assembled, it gave
full power to Monsieur Allaigre to ask of Major Alwes his
opinion regarding the tobacco which we are to pay to the
carpenter, viz: whether he shall pay thirty per hundred; and
he was directed to pay a guinea for his opinion. Present : An-
dre Amonet, Pierre Faure, Gile Alaigre, Antoine Rapine,
Pierre Louys Soblet, Jean Jaque Dupui, Guillaume Salle.
Jean Chastain.
March 8. 1732I3. The vestry assembled. Present: Pierre
Faure, Andre Amonet, Antoine Rapine, Guilieaume Salle,
Jean Jaque Dupui, Louis Soblet. It was agreed to give
Claude Gori two barrels of wheat and two barrels of maize
for cleaning the church, commencing March 11, 1732I33.
March 17, 1732I3. The vestry assembled. Present: Pi-
♦Gerk Chastain's figures are wrong. The sum should be 67.
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72 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
erre Fore, Louis Soblet, Anthoine Rapine, Jean Jaques Dupuy,
Jean Dupre, Andre Amonet, Giles Allegre, Jean Levillain,
Guilleaume Salle, Jean Chastain. Accounts were settled witli
Capn. Francis James,* and there appears due him from the
parish for. having built the church 5286 pounds of tobacco, in
accordance with which, as well as for 650 lbs. due to Capn.
Rapine, etc., a levy was made of 40 pounds per tithable, if
sufficient,* or 52 otherwise.
Antoine Rapine rendered his account of the tobacco for the
year 1730. There remains due him 160 lbs. of tobacco.*^
Jean Levilain asked his discharge. The vestry granted it
to him.
Jean Chastain.
November 23, 1734." Antoine Rapine received the tobacco
due him by the parish at the hands of Pierre Faure and An.
Amonet.
Antoine Rapine.
The vestry appointed as members David Lesueur and Jean
Pierre Bonduran to fill the vacant places.
Jean Chastain.
June 16, 1733. David Lesueur took the oath as vestryman
for the church of the parish of King William, in the pres-
'The contract made with Captain James is noted above under Oc-
tober 24, 1730. Cf. Va. Magazine of Hist, and Biog., XII, 4, p. 380.
In accordance with this contract, the full amount, 21,600 pounds,
was to be paid in three years from date. See below under date of
June 16, 1733.
*de 40 livres par tithables convenient ou bien 52 autrement.
•^11 se trouve redevable de 106 lb de tabac. Littre, Sachs, and other
lexicographers give redevable only in an active sense; but that it is
used passively in the above passage, is confirmed by the receipt whidi
follows. Elsewhere in the register it seems to have the same mean-
ing, and is doubtless a provincialism, or perhaps another evidence
of the degeneracy of the colonial French current in Manakintown
at this time.
«This receipt is written in at the bottom of the register, and is not
in chronological order. There is a tendency on the part of . Gerk
Chastain to let the receipt follow immediately on the entry showing
the obligation.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 73
ence of the vestry, as follows: Pierre Faure, Andre Chums
Amonet, Estiene Chastain, Antoine Rapine, Pierre Louys Sob-
let, Guilieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupui, Jean Chastain.
Guillieaume Salle and Jean Dupuy paid the tobacco which
they owed to the parish for their administration of the year
1731.
Jean Chastain.
The vestry the same day settled accounts with Captain
Jamse. In accordance with the account which we made with
him, we have paid him twenty thousand, nine hundred and
eighty-one pounds of tobacco, and we owe six hundred and
nineteen pounds.
Jean Chastain.
August II, 1733. The vestry assembled. Present: Pierre
Faure, Andre Amonet, Estiene Chastain, Antoine Rapine.
Jean Dupre, Guillieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Pierre Louis
Soblet, David Leseur. Isaac Paranto having asked to be re-
lieved from the charges of the parish, the vestry granted it
to him.
. The same day Gile Allaigre tendered his resignation. The
vestry accepted it.
Jean Chastain.
Augfust 18, 1733. Pierre Gueran took the oath as vestry-
man for the church of the parish of King William. Present :
Pierre Faure, Andre Amonet, Estiene Chastain, Antoine Ra-
pine, Guilieaume Salle, Pierre Louy Soblet, Jean Jaque Dupuy,
David Lesueur.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Pierre Louis Soblet tendered his resignation.
The vestry accepted it.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Pierre Faure and Andre Amonet rendered ac-
count of their administration for the year 1732, They gave
their note for the amount due in arrear.
Jean Chastain.
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74 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The same day Estiene Chastain and Jean Chastain were
elected church wardens by a plurality of votes.
February 4, 1731 | 2.^ The vestry agreed with Cp. Franc
Jamse to make the flooring for the vestry and shutters for the
windows of the church for five pounds, payable in wheat at
three shillings per bushel, delivered at Waric, in maize at
eighteen pence per bushel, delivered at Mr. Rapine's place.
August 27, 1733. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Chastain, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Antoine Rapine, Pierre Faure,
Guilleaume Salle, Andre Amonet, David Lesueur, Pierre Gue-
rand. We settled accounts with Monsieur Marye, the minis-
ter. The parish remains due him six pounds, thirteen shill-
ings, ninepence.
Jean Chastain.
August 27, 1733. The same day the vestry made a levy of
a bushel of wheat per tithable and a bushel of maize, payable
to the church wardens.
June 16, 1738. Pierre Faure and Andre Amonnet have set-
tled their note for the arrearage in their year as church ward-
ens, the year 1732.
Jean Chastain.
Present :
David Lesueur/
EsTiENNE Malet, ^^^^^^ Wardens,
Rane Chastain,
Anthony Bennin,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
EsTiENNE Chastain,
Jean Pierre Bilbou,
Pierre Guerrant,
John Dupuy.
^This entry, as will be noted, is a supplementary contract with Cap-
tain James, and stands here out of its chronological position. Cf. the
contract for the building, dated October 30, 1730.
8The signatures are personal.
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vestry book of king william parish. 75
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William fo«
THE Year 1733.
Barthelemi Dupuy, 1
Pierre Dupuy, i
Jean Jaque Dupuy, Dik, 2
Antoine Rapine, Dik, Ket, 3
Nicolas Soulie, Sem, Robin,
Mai, • 4
Pierre Gueran, Antoine
Trabu, 2
Jean Pierre Bilbo, Seri, 2
Pierre Faure, Pierre Bioret, 2
Jaque Soblet, i
Andre Amonet, i
Jaque Faure, 1
Jean Faure, i
Jean Jaque Florinoirs, his
blacks, 3
Jeame Le Vieux, Jeame
Franc*
Jean Edmen. Henri Colins, 2
David Thomas, i
Thomas Porter, Jo. Peg, 3
Charle Vemion, i
Pierre Louy Soblet, Grifin,
Lousi, 3
Estiene Farsi, Sem,
Jean Pierre Bonduran,
Jean Bonduran, \ 3
Pierre Bonduran,
James Holl, i
Willeam Higgins, i
Tohn Higgin, i
Willeam Smith, 1
Estiene Chastain, Limbo,
Dik, Panpi, Jac, Mall, 8
Seri, Gini,
Thomas Bradli, i
Pierre Loucadou, I
Rene Chastain, Jek, Betti, 3
Jean Harris, Willeam
Harris. Willeam Bot-
tom, Fillis, 4
]
tie, [
Panetie, )
lin, I
Pierre Dep,
Estiene Panetie,
Jean Pierre Panetie,
Jean Pcen, William Peen,
Thomas Dikeens,
Jamse Houk,
Nicolas,
Scotar,
Jean Martain,
Pierre Martain,
Daniel,
Mall, Agar,
Elie Sasin,
Edward Scott,
Joseph Scott,
Tam,
Brichis,
Pop,
Couper,
Dilso,
'^eh.
Jean Levilain, ^
irilain, j
Antoine Levilain,
}
J
Sizer,
Marie,
Xanni,
Estiene Cavet,
Estiene Calvet,
Dik,
Pierre Soblet,
Nicolas Dueray,
Jamse Jons,
Jamse Robinson.
Guillieaume Salle, 1
lean Qiimo,
Gorge,
Betti, Gini,
Jean Bemar, Antoin Ber-
nar,
David Bernar,
Pierre David, Dik, Manoni,
•The number of tithables is left blank in the register.
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76 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Pierre Salle, Jaque, black,
2
Dina,
4
Antoine Benin, Joseph
David Lesueur, Joseph
Benin, Cofe, Billi, Gini,
5
Brian,
2
Gile Allaigre, Chico, Be-
' aque Brian,
I
lander.
3
Jaque Martain, Betti,
2
Jeane Dupre, Pierre For-
Joseph Tharanton,
I
queran, Tobi, Nanni,
4
: )aniel Peraud, Job,
2
Jacob Trabu, London,
2
, ean Chastain, Charo,
2
Edward Bryer,
I
Gideon Chambon,
John Wett, Wott,
2
Monoc,
3
Daniel Faure, Pierre Peru,
2
Betti, 3
Jean Faure, Moyse Forque-
r^
William Stanford,
J
ran,
Isaac Robinson,
I
144*
Jean Levilain,
I
Charle Amonet, Bob,
2
Samuel Weaver,
1
Jean Deker, Jean Chapmen,
2
June I, 1734. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Chastain, Antoine Rapine, David Lesueur, Pierre Faure, Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonet, Guillieaume Salle, Pierre Gue-
ran, Jean Chastain. An agreement was made with Monsieur
Marye^® to give him twenty shillings per sermon, one of which
is to be preached every two weeks, payable in wheat at three
shillings per bushel (or) in maize at eighteen pence per bushel,
delivered partly at his place and partly at Warwick.
Jean Chastain.
The vestry in session chose as church wardens David Le-
sueur and Pierre Gueran, they having taken the usual oath.
Jean Chastain.
August 3, 1734. The vestry assembled and agreed with
Mr. Stephen Woodson to do the ferrying across the river for
the Parish of King William one year, commencing to-day. He
binds himself to transfer the people on foot, on horseback,
(and) laden horses from the break of day to dusk; we bind
ourselves to pay him six pounds, half in wheat and half in
♦Chastain's system of arithmetic is again unintelligible, as the figures
add up 150.
^^A renewal of the contract of August 16, 1730.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 77
maize, delivered with the church wardens, the wheat at three
shillings per bushel, the maize at eighteen pence per bushel.
He is to have the maize at the end of next April and the
wheat at the end of September of the year 1735. He is to
transfer the minister on account of the parish as a part of the
contract.^^
Jean Chastain.
The same day it was decreed that all of the acts passed with
respect to the parish of King William, as well as all of the
laws of Virginia, be procured and kept in the vestry.
Jean Chastain.
September 20, 1734. The vestry assembled. Present: Da-
vid Lesueur, Pierre Gueran, Estiene Chastain, Antoine Ra-
pine, Guilieaume Salle, Andre Amonet, Jean Jaque Dupuy.
We settled accounts with Mr. Marye. We remain due him
two pounds, nineteen shillings.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the levy was made for the present year, 1734,
of one bushel of wheat and a bushel and one-half of maize
per head.
Jean Chastain.
List of the Parish of King William for the Year 1734.
Capt. Antoine Rapine,
5
Thomas Dikens.
3
Samuel Birch,
I
Benjamin Haris,
I
Pierre Dep.
3
Jean Haris,
3
Estiene Chastain,
7
Edward Scott,
/
Barthelemi Dupuy.
I
Temse Petev,
I
lean Jaque Dupuy,
2
Pitar Salle.'
2
Pierre Dupuy,
I
John James Florinoir.
tith-
Pierre Lx)uys Soblet,
4
ables.
3
Tean Pierre Billiebo,
2
Thomas Bradley,
1
Thomas Porter.
3
David Thomas,
I
"A former contract of July 23, 1731, with Jean Okebey fixes the
amount to be paid for ferriage at five pounds, and does not include
free transfer for the minister. The free transportation of the min-
ister and' his household comes up later as a matter of dispute with
Reverend -Gavain. Cf. entry below, December 3, 1736.
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78
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Isaac Gori,
I
Pierre Loucadou,
Jean Levilain, signer,
5
Jean Bonduran, j.,
Pierre Faure,
I
Jaque Faure, Pierre Bio-
Jean Faure,
I
ret,
Jean Chastain,
2
Jean Pierre Bonduran,
Andre Amonet,
I
Estiene Calvet,
Anne David, her tithableSj
• 4
Estiene Farsi,
Antoine Benain,
4
John Edmonns,
Joseph Benain,
I
John Hamilton,
Daniel Perault,
3
Jaque Soblet,
David Lesueur,
3
. oseph Bingley,
Jaque Brian,
I
^ean Morises,
Jean Bernard,
I
^ ean Dupre,
\Rene Chastain, »
4
Ldward Bryar,
David Bernard,
2
Giles Allaigre,
Guillieaume Salle,
6
Daniel Faure,
Guilleaume Stenford,
I
Jean Faure,
Pierre Gueran,
3
Isaac Robinson,
Gedeon Chambon,
3
Elie Sassain,
Charle Vemion,
I
Jacob Trabu,
Nicolas Soulie,
4
Jean Martain,
Jaque Robinson,
0
Magdelaine Salle,
John Witt,
3
Jean Willeamson,
Samuel Wever,
I
Jean Vilain,
Estiene Malet,
3
I
2
I
O
1
I
I
4
1
3
I
2
I
I
2
. November 23, J 734. The vestry assembled. Present: Da-
vid Lesueur, Pierre Guerand, Antoine Rapine, Pierre Faure,
Guilieaume Salle, Andre Amonet. Antoine Benin took the
oath of vestryman.
Jean Chastain.
March 15, 1734-5. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Pierre Gueran, Estiene Chastain, Antoine Rapine,
Antoine Benin, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonet, Guilieaume
Salle. Jean Pierre Bilbo took the oath of vestryman for the
parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Chastain and Jean Chastain submit-
ted their account. They owe twenty-seven bushels and one-
half of wheat and seventeen bushels of maize for the year
1733.
Jean Chastain.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 79
March 29, 1735. The glebe was rented by the church war-
dens, David Lcsueur and Pierre Guerant. Louys Soblet rent-
ed it until next Christmas for three bushels of wheat, payable
to the church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
The vestry assembled. Present: David Lesueur, Pierre
Gueran, Antoine Rapine, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Guillieaume
Salle, Andre Ammonet, Jean Pierre Bilbo. The vestry ap-
pointed Jacob Trabu and Edoward Bryer to procession the
g^oimd beyond the creek below, and between the two creeks
Thomas Porter and Louys Soblet, and above the creek Jean
Harris and Daniel Pero.
Jean Chastain.
August 9, 1735. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Pierre Gueran, Antoine Rapine, Estiene Chastain,
Guilieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Antoine Benin, Jean
Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Faure. Antoine Bening and Jean Pierre
Bilbo took the oath of church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
The same day David Lesueur and Pierre Gueran rendered
account of their administration for the year 1734. They re
main owing twenty-two bushels and one-half of wheat, and
twenty-two bushels and one peck of maize, and two pounds
and four shillings in money.
Jean Chastain.
September 20, 1735. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
toine Benin, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Antoine Rapine, Guilieaume
Salle. Pierre Gueran, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonet. The
levy for the present year, 1735, is one bushel of wheat per
tithable.
Jean Chastain.
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80
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William fo:<
THE Year 1735.
Edward Scott, ^|
Edward Miller,
Cooper,
Dick,
Pope,
Gloster,
Friday,
Dilcy,
Tob, negro,
John Edmond, Bess, 2
Anthoiny. Mathieu Oge, 2
James Robinson, o
Rene Chastain, Jack, Nicl
Scottar, 3
William Salle, 1
John Chimon, j
John Below, ! ^
Gorg, f
Betti, j
Gini, J
Gideon Chambon, Monock,
Betti, Gorg, 3
Robert Ellis, 1
Louys Soblet, Lousi, 2
Charle Vernion, i
Jean Levilain,
Antoine Levilain,
Marie, j
Nafii, J
Estiene Chastain,
Limbo,
Dick,
Pampi,
Jack,
Sara,
Gini,
Andre Amonet,
Estiene Panetie,
Jean Panetie,
Pierre Loucadou
Jean Chastain, Charo, 2
Charles Amonet, i
nlam, I
]■■
David Lesueur, Joseph
Brian, i
Jaque Brian, I
Cp. Holman's Wott, Cain,
negro, 2
Barthelemi Dupuy, i
Jean Dupuy, Dick, 2
Pierre Dupuy, i
Pierre Faure, Pierre Faure,
Jean Faure, i
Thomas Porter, Joe, Peg, 3
Joseph Benin, i
Antoine Benin, ^
Billi, I
Cofe, J. 5
Jinc, I
Hanna, J
Williem Harris, i
Nicolas Soulie, Robin, Sam,
Mol, 4
Pierre Gueran,
Antoine Trabu,
Gorg,
Tom, J
Antoine Rapine, ^
Dick, I
Piter, y 5
Kate, I
Jinc, J
Christopher Charlton, 1
Piter Soblet, i
David Tommas, i
Joseph Bingli, i
Estiene Far si, Sam j
Estiene Calvet, i
Jean Martain, jun.. Jack,
Filis, 3
Janne Dupre, tithables, 4
Jean Faure, Pierre Peru, 2
Daniel Faure, i
Jean Moriset, i
(to be concluded in next number)
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ELECTION OF PRESIDENT BUCHANAN. 81
HOW JAMES BUCHANAN WAS MADE PRESI-
DENT, AND BY WHOM.
The Kansas-Nebraska Bill.
Reminiscences of John A. Parker, of Virginia.
Introduction.
The document printed below was found among the private
papers of the late Col. John A. Parker of Virginia. For ac-
cess to these papers, for permission to publish the one here
presented, and for the facts of Col. Parker's life here men-
tioned. I am indebted to the kindness of Col. Parker's only
surviving daughter, Mrs. R. E. Wynne.
Col. Parker was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia.
20th February, 1804. For nearly forty years he was officially
connected with the Federal Government. He appears to have
had unusual opportunities for obtaining information relating
to certain important phases of ante bell urn politics.
In his unpublished "Autobiography," Col. Parker says:
"In a life, long, eventful, and troubled, it was my good
fortune to become personally acquainted, with very many dis-
tinguished men, occupying the highest offices in the country.
I will mention a few, viz, Genl. Jackson, Mr. Van Buren,
James K. Polk, James Buchanan, and last but equally distin-
guished, Thomas Ritchie. I think I may add Jefferson Davis.
With the first three, I was personally well acquainted; and
towards Mr. Buchanan, I had confidential relations from 184/
to the day of his death, with a short interval when he changed
his 'Kansas Policy*, and which, / told him at his own table.
would hasten the disruption which the 'signs' so plainly indi-
cated. This was in 1858. . ."^
In 1835 Col. Parker was sent by President Jackson to
^''Autobiography of John A. Parker, so far only, as his public life is
concerned. Written at the request of friends; and among them, that
Reverend John Goode [?]. Xot written to be published during my life,
if ever."— Parker MSS.
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82 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Texas on a secret mission connected with the independence of
that country. In 1851 he was Librarian of the House of Rep-
resentatives of the United States.^
After the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill in 1854 the
Virginia delegation in Congress urged the appointment of
Col. Parker as Governor of the Territory of Kansas.*
In 185s Col. Parker was Secretary of the Judiciary Com-
mittee of the House which then had charge of the investiga-
2C0I. Parker was removed from the office of Librarian, 6 Dec. 1853,
by John W. Forney, Clerk of the House, in whom the appointment o^
Librarian was then vested. The removal seems to have occasioned
considerable agitation among the Virginia Congressional delegation.
An unsucessful attempt was made to take from the Clerk tlie power
of appointment, and to have the Librarian appointed by the House. The
proposition was defeated by only four votes. See the Richmond En-
quirer, December 9, 16, and 20, 1853. Also the Congressional Globe,
33d Congress, ist Session, Vol. 28, pt. L, pp. 22, 34, 35, 40.
5" As soon as that Bill passed, the Southern members in Con-
gress, desired President Pierce, to appoint to office Southern men, in
'Kansas', and Northern men in Nebraska. It was thought slavery might
be established in Kansas, but would not be, in Nebraska. While this
policy was being, urged on the President, the Virginia Delegation, in
Congress, and a portion of the delegations from other Southern States,
without consulting me, presented to the President, a written request
that he should appoint me Governor of 'Kansas'. (This, was supple-
mented by an appeal made, by Mr. Ritchie, then, on his death-bed;
and he sent for the President, and requested him, to call on him. The
President kindly did so and be made the appeal. Three days after, he
died.)
"The President, held, this 'Policy' under advisement, for some time,
and was inclined, as were the several members of his Cabinet, to adopt
it. But, unfortunately, for him, and perhaps, for the peace of the
country, he had given his confidence to [two words here illegi-
ble] John W. Forney, who had gained an influence over him, greater
than that of any member of his Cabinet, and it was this, which caused
the President to adopt the policy he did, viz., of sending Northern men
to 'Kansas', and Southern men to 'Nebraska'. Forney succeeded in
having the notorious *Reeder' appointed 'Governor', one of the worst
possible appointments he could have made. He, Reeder, soon plunged
the teritory into trouble and turmoil, bloodshed and anarchy, which
continued for years, and came very near causing civil war in the
U. S., and which did hasten it in 1861 " Parker MSS.
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ELECTION or PRESIDENT BUCHANAN. 83
tion of certain frauds consummated by one Gardiner and
others under the Mexican treaty.
In 1856 Parker was appointed Register of the Land Office
of Nebraska. The cause of his resignation is alluded to in
the document printed below. In i860 Parker was appointed
Consul at Honolulu. From this post, he was, at his own re-
quest, released in 1862.
About this time Col. Parker and Mr. Thomas Green, a son-
in-law of Thomas Ritchie, were appointed agents for the State
of Virginia to procure a settlement from the Federal Gov-
ernment for money loaned by the State to the Federal Gov-
ernment for the purpose of erecting public buildings, and
also for money loaned in the war of 181 2. In the settlement
of these claims, which were not finally adjusted until after
his death in 1894, Col. Parker was engaged for several years.*
P. O. Ray,
The Pennsylvania State College.
Reminiscences of J. A. Parker.
How James Buchanan, was made President of the U. S;
and by whom ; Reminiscences ; of J. A. Parker, of Va.
For years and up to 1852 I held Confidential Relations to-
wards James Buchanan of Penna. At that time, both Sena-
tors, and every Member of Congress in Va. was opposed to
him on acct. of his protective tariff Views. There was not a
single paper in the State advocating his election to the Presi-
dencv.
It was in FebV, 1852, in the City of Washington and at the
House of Hon. Wm. R. King a Senator from Alabama,* n
few of the confidential friends of Mr. Buchanan met; and a
campaign for Mr. Buchanan agreed on, in order to carry the
*A recent letter from Mrs. Wynne is authority for these last state-
ments. ,Mrs. Wynne also states that her father, although over ninety
years of age at the time of his death, was to the very last a man of mo.st
remarkable memory.
•Elected Vice-President on the ticket with Franklin Pierce in 185J
Sec **Some Papers of Franklin Pierce" V Edmund Burke to Frank-
lin Pierce. American Historical Rciiciv X, 114.
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84 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Southern States, and especially Virginia. It was decided to
press him for the Nomination in Baltimore in May — ^and prin-
cipally on the ground, that in his letter of 184/ to the "Har-
vest Hand'' in Penna he was the first Northern man of any
party, who had taken Strong Ground against the "Wilmot
Proviso" — a measure very unpopular in the South. His let-
ter too, was in other respects pro Slavery; These questions
it was thought — ^and afterwards proven, would over ride all
Others, and in the Canvass, the objections to Mr. Buchanan,
on the Tariff question would be forgiven. [?]
The first movement was to be made in Virginia. There
was but one prominent man in Virginia, who could be per-
suaded to Lead — and that man was Henry A. Wise. He was
the devoted friend of Com. Stockton, and it was supposed,
wished to see him nominated. He, however, was induced to
Lead (I will not say hoWy but the secret history is known to
me, and in Writing).
The Canvas, resulted in giving the vote of Va. in the Bal-
timore Convention to Mr Buchanan on ^2 ballots. This Vote
in 1852, was the ground work, of Mr. Buchanan's Nomina-
tion, (and election) at Cincinnatti in 1856,
This, was one of the most remarkable, events in the politi-
cal history of the U. S. — that, of State's being carried,
against the entire delegation, and without a single paper to
sustain the candidate — and yet, it is now history.
As soon as Mr B. was elected, he sent for Wise to visit
him at 'Wheatland*^ and offered him a Cabinet appointment;
This was declined — (He, Wise, then being Gov of Va) —
He Mr B — then requested Gov Wise to aid him in making
up his Cabinet, which he did.
On 24th March 1857 — only 20 days after he was inaugp:!-
rated he wrote to me, — his letter is now before me — and
said —
'*I should now, not be President of the U. S. but for the
action of Gov. Wise, and yourself in 1852 ; — without Virginia,
I could not have been. nominated, or elected."
•Near Lancaster, Pa.
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ELECTION OF PRESIDENT BUCHANAN. 85
But, Gov Wise, and myself soon had cause to regret, our
l>art, in electing Mr. Buchanan — we soon discovered, he had
placed his Administration in the hands of the Original 'Nul-
lifiers' — and we became satisfied his policy would lead to Se-
cession— We, and the Richmond Enquirer, had for years
worked against Nullification — the Parent of Secession — in
Vain we as his Original friends protested against his policy;
we warned him of the inevitable result ; In One of his letters,
(which is preserved) he said:
'7/ the personal Liberty Lazvs of the North, are not re-
pealed, the South will have a right to secede, and ought to
secede,"
Soon after this, Mr. Buchanan's, sudden change of his
'Kansas* policy, satisfied us, he had passed the ^Rubicon' —
and this led to the Open Breach, between Gov Wise and
President Buchanan — (but the strange spectacle was ex-
hibited, of the President of the U. S. waging a Warfare,
against his Original friends) J
'Parker's account of how his own former friendly relations with
Buchanan were restored is as follows: *' The alienation continued
until i860. I often visited Washington in 1858 and '59. I did not
call on the President. In i860, I received a letter from Genl. Cass,
Secretary of State, in which he said, 'The President requests me to
say 'he wishes you to come to Washington, and he wishes to talk
over matters of the past, the Present and the future; and to dine
with him on the day you reach Washington.'
**I did not hasten to Washington ; but, in about ten days I did go —
and at 12 o'clock on the day, I arrived, I called — it was his custom to
have the door thrown open at 12 o'clock — to admit all callers — I in-
tended to afford him, an opportunity to renew, if he thought proper, his
invitation to dine with him; As soon as he saw me in the crowd, he
beckoned me to come to him, and said, 'You must dine with me to-day
at 4 o'clock.' On my arrival I found only Genl. Cass, and Mr. Cobb,
Secretary of the Treasury, present. After dinner, the President in-
vited Genl. Cass, Mr. Cobb, and myself into his private room, where
we remained until ten. Of course, it is not my intention, nor
would it be proper for me (I being the only living person) to say
w^hat was said, or what took place, on that occasion — I can, however,
properly say, that the past, present, and . future matters were very
freely and fully discussed, respecting public men and measures, and
es]>ecially The Impending Crisis' — Our former relations were restored ;
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86 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Within 24 hours after this change, I resigned an important
office, which had been given me by President Pierce (a)
[Note in margin.] (a) ''Register of the Land Office, Oma-
ha, N. T."
The Original "Kansas Nebraska Bill" and President Buch-
anan's Action, led to Secession, and its awful Consequences.
"The Kansas- Nebraska'' Bill.
Only two persons are now living who know the Real Au-
thors of that Bill — its history and purposes. Judge Douglas,
was the reputed Author — ^and its patron, and the American
people, even now, think he was the Author; I know he was
not, — and / know how and zvhy he became its active patron.
The true history of that Bill, is written, it has never, yet
been published, but may be beiove I die — or afterwards, and
also these sketches, which will be found among my papers,
with my correspondence, to sustain, and fully Verify, every
statement I have made. * * * [Marginal note omitted.]
[Marginal note to the note omitted:] (a) Many of the
facts, * * * are known to President Davis — He was Sec'y
of War, at the time the "Kansas -Nebraska Bill passed, and
may recollect some conferences, he held, with Judge Caskie,*
and me.
In after Times — I wish my own action to be made known
to such as may feel any interest in it.
John A. Parker.
Tappahannock, Va., 28th March 1877.
Upon the back of this document are the following endorse-
ments :
[In Parker's handwriting:]
Sketches, &c, Buchanan and His Administration,
The Kansas-Nebraska Bill — From personal knowledge
Bv John A, Parker, of Va.
and I allude now to the incident, to show how we again came *to
smoke the calumet' " Parker MSS.
sProhably John S. Caskie, Representative from Virginia from 1851
to 1859, and member of the Judiciary Committee. Died, 1869.
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LETTER OF JOHN PAUL JONES. 87
|^=* Please return this to J. A. Parker Tappk, Va.
Read & returned as requested above.
Jefferson Davis.
22d Oct. 1883.
John A. Parker Esq.: Much obliged for the opportunity
of reading the enclosed.
John Sherman.. .
Nov IS, '79.
LETTER FROM JOHN PAUL JONES' TO JOSEPH
HEWES, May 19, 1776.
[The original of the following letter, which is referred to
in Sherburne's Paul Jones (p. 14, &c.), but, it is believed,
never printed in full, is included in the very valuable collection
of MSS. now preserved in the former home of Governor John-
ston, at Edenton, N. C. We are indebted to Mrs. John G.
Wood, of Edenton, and Judge W. J. Leake, of Richmond, for
the copy used.
Paul Jones had just returned from the cruise to the Baha-
mas, in which he served as first lieutenant of the Alfred. On
^It is worth noting that, while there is no doubt that John Paul
Jones lived for a time at Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania county, Virginia,
his name never appears in the records of the town or county. By
deed dated Aug. 16, 1770, Thos. Blanton and wife sold to William
Paul, for ii20 currency, lot 258 in the town of Fredericksburg. The
will of Wm. Paul was dated March 22, 1772, and proved in Spotsyl-
vania Dec. 16, 1774. He left his whole estate, which consisted chiefly
of his house and lot, to his sister, Mary Young, and her eldest chil-
dren, in Abigton, in the parish of Kirthbeen, in the Stewarty of Galla-
say. North Britain. He appointed Wm. Templeman and Isaac Heslup
executors; but, they refusing, John Atkinson, who had been one of the
witnesses to the will, was appointed. The house owned by Wm. Paul
is believed still to be standing on lot 258, but there is on record no
conveyance of the lot from Paul's representatives. See "John Paul
Jones as a Citizen of Virginia," this magazine, VH, 286.
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88 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the loth of May he had been ordered to the command of the
Providence, and arrived at New York on the i8th.]
On Board the Sloop Providence,
N. York, May 19th, 1776.
Sir,
I had the honor of writing you the History of our Cruise
in the Fleet from the Capes of Delaware 'till our arrival at N.
London the 14th ulto. inclosing an inventory of all the stores
taken at N. Providence, &c. — the letter contained a particular
account of the action with the Glascow in an Extract from
the Alfred's Log Book — it also contained some free thoughts
on Certain Characters in the Fleet — it was inclosed to Mr.
Sproat and by ill luck fell into hands not the most agreeable
on its way to the Post Office from which circumstances I much
fear it hath miscarried — for I have just now parted from
Captn. Lenox and tho' he is late from Philadelphia he hath
no account of any letters from me to his uncle Mr. Sproat.
I now inclose you the minutes of two Court Martials held on
board the Alfred, the Evidences at large excepted — the min-
utes have not yet been seen in print — in Consequence of the
last Trial I was ordered to take the Command of this Vessel
the loth Cur. I arrived here yesterday afternoon in 36 hours
from Rhode Island with a return of upward of 100 men be-
sides Officers which Genl. Washington lent to the Fleet at N
London. — I left the A. Doria & Cabot at Rhode Island ready
to sail together on a four weeks' Cruise. — What will become
of the Alfred and Columbus heaven only knows — the seamen
have been so very sickly since the Fleet returned to the Con-
tinent that it will be Impossible to man them without others
can be entered. — I have landed Genl. Washington's Soldiers
and shall now apply to shippingmen if any can be obtained but
it appears that the seamen almost to a man had entered into
the army before the Fleet was set on Foot, and I am well in-
formed that there are four or five thousand seamen in the
Land Service.
The unfortunate Engagement with the Glascow seems to
be a general reflection on the Officers of the Fleet — but a lit-
tle reflection will set the matter in a true light — for no Offi-
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LETTER OF JOHN PAUL JONES. 89
cer who acts under the eye of a Superior and who doth not
stand charged by that Superior for Cowardice or misconduct
can [be] blamed on any occasion whatever. — For my own part
I wish a General Enquiry might be made respecting the abili-
ties of officers in all Stations — and then the Country woulJ
not be Cheated.
I may be wrong but in my opinion a Captain of the Navy
ought to be a man of Strong & well connected sense with a
tolerable Education, a Gentleman as well as a seaman both in
Theory and Practice — for, want of learning and rude ungen-
tle manners are by no means the Characteristick of an Officer.
I have been led into this subject on feeling myself hurt as an
Individual by the Censures that have been indiscriminately
thrown out — for altho* my station confined me to the Alfred's
lower Gun Deck where I commanded during the action &
tho' the Commodore's letter which hath been published says —
"all the Officers in the Alfred behaved well" — yet still the Pub-
lic blames me among others for not taking the Enemy.
I declined the Command of this Sloop at Philadelphia — nor
should I now have accepted it had it not been for the Rude
unhappy Temper of my late Commander — I now reflect with
Pleasure that I had Philosophy sufficient to avoid Quarreling
with him — and that I even obtained his blessing at Parting —
may he soon become of an affable even disposition, and may
he find pleasure in communicating Happiness around him.
There is little Confidence to be placed in reports otherwise
the Lieutenants of the Fleet might have reason to be uncasier
when they are told that the several Committees have orders
to appoint all the Officers for the New Ships except only the
Captains. — I cannot think they will be so far overlooked who
have at first stept forth and shown at least a willingness — nor
can I suppose that my own Conduct will in the Esteem of the
Congress subject me to be superseded in favor of a younger
Officer especially one who is said not to understand Naviga-
tion.— I mean the Lieutenant of the Cabot — who was put in
Comm'd of the Fly at Reedy Island after I had declined it — I
was then told that no new Commissions would be given — and I
considered her as a paltry message Boat fit to be commanded
by a midshipman — but on my appointment to the Providence
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90 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
I was indeed astonished to find my seniority Questioned — ^the
Commodore told me he must refer to the Congress— -I have
reed, no new Commission. — I wish the matter in dispute may
first be cleared up. I will cheerfully abide by whatever you
may think is right — at the same time I am ready at any time
to have my pretensions enquired into by men who are Judges.
When I applied for a Lieutenancy I hoped in that rank to
gain much useful knowledge from men of more experience
than myself — I was however mistaken for instead of gaining
information I was. obliged to inform others. I formed an
Exercise and trained the men so well to the Great Guns in the
Alfred that they went thro' the motions of Broad Sides and
Rounds as Exactly as Soldiers generally perform the Manual
Exercises
When I get what men are to be had here — I am ordered
back to Providence for further Instructions — the Sloop must
be hove down — ^and considerably repaired and refitted before
she can proceed properly on any Cruise. I should esteem my-
self happy in being sent for to Philadelphia to act under the
more immediate direction of Congress especially one of the
new Ships. — I must rely on your Interest herein.
The largest and I think by far the best of the Frigates was
launched the day after I left Providence — ^but from what I
can hear neither of them will equal th^ Philadelphia ships. —
I left the Columbus heaving down and the Alfred hauling to
the wharf. — I send this by the Commodore's Steward who hath
leave to visit his wife at Phila. and will call on you on his
return in a day or two. I expect that he will overtake mc
here if I succeed in getting men — if not he will follow me to
Rhode Island and Providence. — May I hope for the honor of
a letter from you by his hands — it will most singularly oblige
me and greatly add to the favor already Conferred on
Sir
your much obliged
and very humble Servant
John P. Jones.
N. B. — If you have not reed, my last I will send a copy if
desired.
The Hon'ble Joseph Hewes, Esquire, Philadelphia.
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 91
HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL NOTES
AND QUERIES.
Kennon Record.
The family record of the Kennons is as follows:
Lewis Kennon, son of Charles Kennon and his wife, Mary Howell
(Lewis), was born in Halifax county, Va., 14th day of June, 1784.
Eliza Wyatt Winslow was born in Orange county, Va., 6th May,
1790.
Married to Lewis Kennon 23d January, 1816. Died 23d September,
1824.
(After her death.) — Dr. Lewis Kennon to Mary Chadwick, loth of
Jan. 1828, by Rev. Sam'l Davis, Burke county, Ga.
Children to Lewis Kennon and his wife, "Eliza" :
Charles Henry Kennon, born 8th March, 1817, Saturday, P. M. Dead.
Charles Henry Kennon, born 24th May, 1818, Sunday, i o'clock.
(The latter was my father who, to inherit large properties entailed,
took and retained the name of Winslow, his mother's maiden name. )
(My father married Maria Louisa Walter, daughter Jeremiah Wal-
ter and Elizabeth Wilmot, of Charleston, S. C.)
Children of Dr. Lewis Kennon and wife, Mary : Elizabeth W. Ken-
non, bom September 20, 1778; Mildred L. Kennon, bom May 18, 1781 ;
Lewis Kennon, born June 14, 1784; Charles H. Kennon, born August
3, 1786; Nancy Kennon, born December 16, 1790; Mary B. Kennon,
bom April 3, 1795; Patsy, born Nov. 16, 1796; Lucy Kennon, bom
May 26, 1798; Richard Kennon, bom May 28, 1800; William Hozvell
Kennon, born March 14, 1802; Rebekah Kennon, born October 28,
1804; Eliza Kennon, born May 7, 1806; Erasmiss Kennon, born Janu-
ary 31, 1810; Sally Kennon, born November 20, 1811.
Children of Henry Kennon Winslow and Maria Louisa Walter:
Randolph Bowling Winslow, Elizabeth Winslow.
William Poe Winslow married Annie L. Ludlow, New Orleans, Jan-
uary 31, 1880. Several children. He died New Orleans, May 8, 1899.
Elizabeth W. Kennon Winslow married Henry Darpit, April 25, 1881.
Children of Henry Darpit and E. W. K. Winslow ; Bush, born Feb-
ruary 4, 1882; Henry, born July 31, 1884; Walter, bom July 24, 1886;
Myrtle Dorothy, born December 11, 1893.
, New Orleans, La.
New Taylor Genealogy.
Mrs. Elizabeth Ward Doremus, of No. 2 E. 15th St., New York City,
(assisted by her cousin, Dr. T. Madison Taylor), proposes to publish
a new and accurate geneaology of the Taylors, carrying it back in
England, from James Taylor, of Carlisle, the first immigrant to Virginia.
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02 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
She has already some important new data ; but requests correspondence
with any and all who can and will assist her.
She is a granddaughter of Gen. James Taylor, of Newport, Kentucky.
Revolutioxary Diary Etc., of Eppa Fielding.
Copy of love letter written by Eppa Fielding, a soldier of the Revo-
lution, while stationed at Richmond, to his sweetheart, Mary Bar>'e,
of Northumberland county, who later became his wife. His diary
kept 1782-1783, is now owned by their grandson, William Eppa Field-
ing, Esq., of Arkansas.
Richmond, March 2, 1782.
Most adorable of thy Sex —
It is with pleasure & the greatest Sattisfaction that I em-
brace this happy oppertunity of unfolding my burthened mind to you
whose gracious Smiles Can at once dispell my Gloom of darkness, bless
my mournful hours with the hope of future hapi^iess. I am to my no
.Small Sattisfaction Stationed at this place where I expect to Continue
the Remainder of my time, but oh when I Consider that amidst my
unequal ed misfortunes I have the happiness of being where I Can with
Safety write her who is the only object, of my sincerest wish, but oh
when I consider the misfortune of my ncgligeant Stars that So long
forbids me the enjoyment of your Sweet Company I fear lest time or
absence may lessen me in your esteem which would break the truest
heart that ever lov'd & bury my unhappy Memory in the deep recesses
of the unsearchable Grave — But enough of this. Why should
I accuse you of what I have Not the least reason to believe. But my
dearest Jewell Lett fortune frown as it will & all the powers of nature
Combine Against us only prove time Constant, & all the powers of
earth & hell Can never frustrate our careful Desighns.
I expect to be down Next fall in order to cclebate the long wished
for nuptials, which will Constitue me the most happy mortal alive &
till the arrival of that happy moment I remain with the utmost rever-
ence & esteem your devoted adorer till Death shall (put) a final period
to my unhappy life, or kind providence shall Dispell my Gloom of
Darkness and turn my midnight night into the brightest day in the
enjoyment of your Sweet Company.
Eppa Fielding.
John Dennic .Fielding, a son of Eppa Fielding, and Mary, his wife,
was born November the i6th, in the year 1785.
Diary of Eppa Fielding, of Lancaster County.
[This itinerary illustrates the march of the reinforcements sent from
Virginia to Greene, and the activity of the Southern army at the close
of the war.]
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 93
Manchester, April ye i, 1782.
Marching orders came to me to go to three Diflferent places in that
day the i to Comberland C. house, the 2 to richmond, the 3 to Peters-
burg wich I obayd. The 10 of April I marched to the Suthard, the 14
I Crost Notoway the 17; crost Meherrin the 19; crost ronoke to
hallifax in North Carolina; left Hallifax the 28, and to Tare river, the
I of May, which is 50 miles. Ine 2 crost little river and Dury's, 12
miles; and the 3 to widow Rogers' ferry 8 miles on Muse river. The
6 crost Muse and Crabbtree to Colo. Lain's at Wake Court, 10 miles;
the 7 to Jones, 15 miles;" the 8 to Cape fair river, 17 miles; the 9 crost
Cape fair to Augis Mcdugle's, 3 miles ; the loth to Widow Con ers, 8
miles; the 1 1 to Coloms 6 miles; the 12 old Bcllo, 15 miles; the 13 to
cross Creek, 4 miles; the 16 to John Toolsey, 12 miles; the 17 to John
Patterson, 21 miles ; the 18 crost drowning creek at Cole's bridge
21 miles; the 19 to Hailey's ferry on Pedee. 12 miles; the
20 to old Pegees', 10 miles in South Carolina. The 22 to Capt. Pledges',
15 miles, the 2^ crost pede at Culp s ferry, and to Mr. Williams, 15 miles ;
the 25 to John Michaels, 15 miles ; the 26 to old berches on pede, 17
miles; the 28 to widow Ports on pede, 17 miles; the 29 crost Lynches
Creek, and to Major Jameses, 10 miles ; the 30 to Robin Dick's, 8 miles ;
the 31 to kingtree on black river, 13 miles. June thei, to Colo. Stark's.
on Sante, 17 miles, the 3 to Canter's, 9 miles ; the 4 crost Sante at Mur-
ry's ferry, and to Gilliard's, 12 miles; the 5 to Mr. Burdose, 10 miles:
the 7 crost Sante at Murry's ferry, to Colo. Stark's, 12 miles; the
26 crost Sante at Murry's, and to Awkir, 3 miles; the 27 to General
Mutres', 12 miles; the 28 Mr. Right's, 18 miles; the 29 to Bender's,
12 miles; the 30 to Governor Mattheses', 12 miles. July the 5, we were
all put in the Infantry; the 12 to Mr. butler's. 3 miles; the 31 to mumps
Corner to * * * bro. and to Mr. White's, 60 miles. The i August,
crost Sante at Murry's ferry, to Colo. Stark's. 5 miles ; the 2nd crost
Murry ferrie to Colo. Markum's. 7 miles ; the 3 to the governor's place,
40 miles; the 16 joined our regt. and marched to Summer's place. 4
miles, the 17 to Latson's. The 11 of September, to Latson * * * . The
14 of November, to button hall, 10 miles; the 18 to Macfcrson's, 8 miles.
The II of December crost Bacon's bridge to Rite's place. 12 miles; the
14 to Charles Town, 19 miles ; the 16 to Rite's place, 19 miles ; the 18
crost Bacon's Bridge to the Cowpens, 10 miles ; the 19 to Wilkerson's
Place, T5 miles; the 30 to Jackson bunier, 7 miles. Jan. i, 1783, to Ashe-
pie ferr\', 8 miles ; the 2 Salt Cetcher ferry, 18 miles : the 3 to Waxsaws.
22 miles ; the 5 to Mr. haywood's, 3 miles. Our command February the
4 to * ♦ * Shose, 15 miles; the 5 to Capt. Kirkley. 37 miles; the 6 to
Mr. Robberson's. 23 miles; the 7 to Golfin's, 20 miles; the 8 to Hardy,
8 miles ; the 9 crost Savana River at Valley home ferry and to aGust>'.
5 miles; Hardises. 6 miles; the 12 to Collenses, 25 miles. The 13 we
received an Express to go out to the Congeree, and got to Mr. Buck-
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VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
son's, 26 miles ; the 14 crost the Salt Cetcher river at Williamses ford,
and to Pickinszes, 25 miles; the 15 to the widdow Mimucker, 23 miles;
the 16 crost the Salt Cetcher at Orrin Bridge, and crost the Congeree
at one Cosrd's ferry to the widow Lezeais. * * ♦ * * * ♦
July the 20, crost Swift Creek and fishing Creek, and to Hallifax,
40 miles; the 21 crost Ronoke and Meherrin at Tickses ford, and to
Tickes, 20 miles ; the 22 to widow Lameces, 10 miles.
[On one page is a notice of repair work of saddles done for the
"3 Regt. L. D." The only names of the soldiers given are Col. White,
Henry Boyers, Charles Erskin and Jasper Huse.]
Ward. — Wanted the ancestry of Samuel Ward, born August 20, 1721,
or in 1724. Died at Morris Plains, N. J., April 15, 1799. Reared by
an elder brother on the South Branch of the Potomac river, Virginia,
where the family went about 1735, and occupied a free farm offered by
Governor Gouch. Having secured no title in due form, they were sub-
sequently obliged to vacate the farm by Lord Fairfax, and Samuel
removed to New. Jersey, and married first, Elizabeth ; second,
Mary Shipman, and had a large family.
C. D. Ward,
702 St. Nicholas avenue. New York City.
The House of Burgesses, 1691.
April 17, 1691. Journal of the House of Burgesses of Virginia
Thomas Milner elected Speaker, and Peter Beverley, Clerk.
List of Burgesses.
William Randolph,
Francis Eps,
Henrico County.
Henry Batt,
Robert Bowling,
Charles City County.
Henry Hartwell,
James City.
Henry Bray,
William Lewis,
James City County.
Tho. Barber,
Jos. Ring,
York County.
Lawrence Smith,
John Smith,
Gloucester County.
Arthur Allen,
Geo. Mason,
Martin Scarlett,
Stafford County.
Charles Scarborough,
William Anderson,
Accomack County.
John Robins,
Tho. Harmanson,
Northampton County.
Anthony Lawson,
John Sandiford,
Lower Norfolk County.
Chr. Robinson,
William Churchill,
Middlesex County.
Robert Carter,
William Ball,
Lancaster County.
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 95
Francis Mason, Richard Kenner,
Surrey County. Peter Prestly,
Arthur Smith, Northumberland County.
Henry Applewhite, William Hardidge,
Isle of Wight County. Lawrence Washington,
Tho. Milner, Westmoreland County.
John Brassier, William Wilson,
Nancymond County. Tho. Allonby,
Richard Whitaker, Elizabeth City County.
Miles Cary, Henry Aubrey,
Warwick County. John Stone,
John West, Rappahannock County.
William Leigh,
New Kent County.
The Clerk Sworn.
April 20. Major Arthur Allen having scruples about being sworn,
the fact was reported to the Lieutenant-Governor. ,
A new writ ordered for selection of a burgess in place of Mr. Arthur
Allen.
April 27. Benjamin Harrison sworn, being returned in place of Major
Arthur Allen.
Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, America and West In-
dies, 1689- 1692. Edited by the Hon. J. W. Fortescue. London: Eyre&
Spottiswoode. 1901. [pp. 412-413.]
This list is not included in the Colonial Virginia Register, as it was
not accessible when that was compiled.
General Roger Elliot, Half Brother to Gox-ernor Alexander
Spotswood.
[The Virginia family of Spotswood owned for several generations
a fine portrait of a man in armor, said, traditionally, to be a General
Elliott, half brother to Governor Spotswood. This portrait, together
with those of Governor and Mrs. Spotswood was presented by the
late Mr. John R. Spotswood to the State of Virginia, and is now one
of the most interesting pictures in the State Gallery. Nothing was
known of General Elliott until quite recently, when a descendant, Miss
Edith Eliot, of Camberley, England, kindly furnished the information
given below. William Elliott, Esq., of York Buildings, who is men-
tioned, appears to have been associated with Governor Spotswood in
his iron ventures. This William Elliot had a son, Charles Elliott, who
was Attorney General of North Carolina, and died in 1756. (See IV m.
& Mary Quarterly, II, 101-105). The "cousin," John Graham, named
in the will, came to Virginia as an agent for Spotswood, and was at
one time a professor at William and Mary College.]
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96 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Will of Roger Elliott.
This is the last will and testament of me, Roger Elliott, of Barnes,
in the County of Surrey, Esq re., made this 7th day of March, in the 12th
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lady Anne, by the grace of God of
Great Britain, rVance and Ireland, Queen, defender of the Faith, Anno
Domini, 1713. First. I resign my soul to Almighty God, stedfastly
believing through the merits of my Saviour, Jesus Christ, to obtain par-
don of all my sins, and I desire to be buried privately, as my executors
herein after named, shall think fitt and, whereas, I have intemarried
with Charlott, the daughter of Mr. William Elliott, and have already
made provision and Settlement for her in case she shall happen to
survive me, of two hundred pounds per annum in annuities ; now, I do
hereby further give unto my said wife all my goods, plate and furniture
of and in my house or tenement, I now live in, at Barnes, in the Said
County of Surry, with all her rings, watches, Jewells and other things
whatsoever there.
Item. I give to my son, Granvile Elliott and to his heirs for ever
all that my aforesaid messuage or tenement gardens and lands lying
in Barnes Aforesaid, with the Appertenantes which said messuage and
premises being copyholds, I have duly surrendered to the use of my
will.
Item. I give and bequeath to my brother, Alexander Spottswood, in
case my said children shall dye before they come to their ages of one
and twenty years, or unmarried, all the profitts of my reall and per-
sonall Estate for and during the terme of his naturall life, and no
longer, and from and after my said Brother Spottswood's decease. I
give and devise all my real and personall Estate wheresoever and what-
soever to my very loving Father-in-law, Mr. William Elliott, in York
Buildings, and to his heirs, executors and administrators for ever.
I give to my cousin John Grahme, twenty pounds to buy him mourn-
ing.
Item. I give to my sister, Margaret Andrews, the summe of three
hundred pounds, and to my brother, Alexander Spottswood, the sum
of five hundred pounds.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto sett my hand & seal the day and
year first above written ; and then published and declare the same to
be my last will and testament.
R. Elliott.
Signed, Sealed, published and declared in the presence of us,
Edward D'Auvergne.
Rich'd Bowles,
N. Traytox.
At London, March the Seventh, one thousand, seven hundred and
Thirteen years, I having made my will this day, and calling to remem-
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(IKNEkAL ROC.KK KLLIOTT,
HALF HkOTHKK (JP GOVERNOR ALKXANDKR SPOTSNVOOD.
(From the portrait In the VIrjjInIa Siate Librtio'.)
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 97
brance that there is a sum of money due by me to my brother, Col.
Alexander Spots wood, Governor of Virginia, near to, but not exceeding
two htmdred pounds, I do hereby acknowledge the debt, seeing there
is no other note. Bond or vouchers for it, and wills and allows the «ame
should be paid him over and above what Legacy, &c, he may be en-
titled to by my aforesaid will. In witness, whereof, I have signed this
day and place above written.
This will was probated at Somerset House, London, i6 November,
1 714, and copied by Edithe Eliot from the original.
The seal was copied, in the first instance, by the Richmond Herald
of Arms, College of Arms, London.
Edithe Eliot.
Extracts from the History of the 2nd Queen's Regiment.
By Col. John Davis, F. S. A.
Tangier Regt. of Foot.
1681. Considerable disturbances appear to have taken place amongst
the officers at the latter end of the year, and after reporting these dis-
turbances. Col. Kirk was ordered to cashier two Ensigns, who had
fought a duel (Ensigns Pitt and Elliott), John Leily was appointed to
succeed Elliot as Ensign in Sir. James Leslie's Company.
1682. Ensign Elliot, who had been discharged from the service of
the garrison, in consequence of a quarrel, proceeded home this month,
with a letter from the governor, recommending him to the King's notice
to be preferred to the first colours that should fall here (i. e., the
Ensign's commission vacant), as he had since his fault made satisfac-
tion by serving as a private soldier in the same company with credit
and distinction.
(Governor Colonel Percy Kirk.)
Officers on ist October, 1682.
Ensign Roger Elliot in Colonel Kirk's Regiment.
P. 251. R. Elliot Ensign in Sir. James Leslie's Co'y.
[R. Elliot's connection with Tangier s is easily explained as Robert
Spotswood, his step-father is given in Col. Dalton's Commission Lists
as "Chirurgeon to the garrison.]
Extracts from English Army Lists and Commission Registers.
By Col. Dalton.
Vol. L The Tangier Regt of Foot.
[From the list in Col. Davis' History of the 2nd Queen's Regt., Vol.
I, p. 228, extracted from the Dartmouth MSS.) Ensign Roger Elliot
Robert Spotswood, Chirurgeon to Tangier Garrison, 3rd Son of Sir
Robert Spottiswoode, Knt., Secretary for Scotland.
T
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98 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Vol. II. The Earl of Bath's Regt. of Foot.
November 1687. Lieutenant Roger Elliot, ist.
Adjutant Roger Elliot.
Note 9. — Roger Elliot was wounded at the Battle of Steinkirk.
Captain of the Grenadier Company in this regiment i March, 1690.
Major in do. 21 December, 1692.
Vol. III. Roger Elliot, promoted major 21 Dec, 1692. Appointed
Col. of a newly raised Regt. of Foot, 5 March, 1703. Served in Spain,
and was promoted Brigadier, i Jan., 1707.
Governor of Gibraltar 24 Dec, 1707.
Major-General i Jan., 17 10.
Vol. V. Colonel Roger Eliot's newly raised Regt. of Foot
Capt. Roger Elliot note.
Served as Ensign in the Tangier Regt. of Foot (the 2nd Queen's) ;
appointed ist Lieut, of Grenadiers in the Earl of Bath's Regt. of Foot
Capt. of Grenadiers 1690. Wounded at the Battle of Steinkerk; major
21 Dec, 1692. Brigr. General i Jan., 1707. Appointed governor of
Gibraltar, 24 December, 1707. Major G,eneral, i Jan., 1710.
Elliot (i) = Catherine Mercer = (2) Robert Spots wood
I I
Roger Elliot, Alexander Spotswood,
Governor of Gibralter. Governor of Virginia.
William Elliot, of Wells.
Roger Elliot, md., 3d March, 1710, Eleanor, md. Sir Gilbert Eliott,
Charlotte. of Stobbs., from whom de-
I scended George Augustus El-
I iott. first Lord Heathfield,
Granville Elliot, b. 1712, died Sind De/ender cf G\bra\ter.
1759, was on service in Germany,
Count of the Holy Roman Empire, Major-General in British
Service, Lieutenant-General in Elector Palatine's Service, Lieutenant-
General in Service of the State«5, General of the Netherlands; md.
Elizabeth, daughter of William Duckett de Hartham, in Wilts.
Francis Percival Eliot, of Elmhurst Hall, Staffordshire, b. 1755, died
i8r8. Captain T 4th Foot : Major Staffs. Yeo. Cav'y ; Lieutenant-Colo-
nel Staffs. Militia; md. Anne, daughter of John Breynton, D. D., of
Montgomeryshire.
1st. William Granville Eliot, of Valebrook, Ore.. Surrey, Lieutenant-
Colonel R. H. Artillery; 2d. Francis Breynton Eliot, Captain 40th
Reg't; 3d. Edward John Eliot. Captain 27th Reg't : 4th. George Au-
gustus Eliot, 62d and 103d Reg't; 5th. Lionel Duckett Eliot; 6th.
George Augustus Eliot, R. N.; 7th. Charles Turberville Eliot The
third son, Edward John Eliot, md. Margaret James.
Third son, Henry Augustus Eliot, Principal Bank of England, md.
Mary Louisa Sarah Nash.
I
I. Roger Elliot; 2. Granville Elliot; 3. Frank Percival Eliot; 4. Ed-
ward John Eliot; 5. Henry Augustus Eliot; 6. Edithe Eliot.
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 99
Major-General Roger Elliot died 15th May, 1714, and was buried in
Barnes Parish Church, 23d May, 1714. His death is referred to in
Musgravt^s Obituary, Helps to History, Le Neve's Monumenta Angli-
The William Elliot, of York Building, you mention is William Elliot,
of Wells, grandfather of ist Lord Heathfield, and Waggaman is his
son-in-law.
Account of Major General Roger Elliot, given by his son Gran-
ville, in the draft of a memorial concerning his transfer from the
Dutch to the English Service:
"is the Son of Major General Elliott, Governor of Gibraltar, and
*'Colonel of a Regt of foot in Queen Anne's Reign; his father besides
'^having an unblemished and distinguished character in his military
"capacity , was remarkable for his Whig Principles, and the strongest
"attachment to the Protestant Succession in the House of Hanover.
"An action by which he particularly distinguished himself was the
"Defence of Tongres in the year 1703, with only two Battalions for 48
"hours against the whole French army; in this action he was shot
"through the Body, and had a Regt. raised for him the winter after.
"When the Duke of Marborough was turned out. Major General Elliott
"lost his Government and his Regt. for the sake of his avowed princi-
"pies. His son was carefully bred up in those same principles, and has
"ever stedfastly adhered to them."
Rapin's History, Vol. HI, p. 613, says: "The two English regiments
of Elliot & Portmore made a gallant defence of Tongres in May, 1703,
but had to surrender to the French."
John Grame. — Miss Eliot would be much obliged for any information
concerning Mr. John Grame, cousin of Governor Alexander Spots-
wood, especially about his seal and will.
Elmhurst, Camberley, Surrey, England.
Edward Randolph. — Historical Register: containing An Impartial Re-
lation of All Translations, Foreign and Domestic, with a Chronologi-
cal Diary of All Remarkable Occurrences in Birth's, Marriages, and
Deaths, &c.
Vol. 14. — For the year 1729.
London : Printed and Sold by R. Nutt, in the Old Bailey, near Lud-
gate.
Page 20— 1729— Mar. 15.
"Captain Edward Randolph, a Virginia Merchant, of London, elected
Elder Brother of Trinity House, in the Room of Capt. John Merrj' —
Deceased."
[This was Edward, son of the first Wm. Randolph, of Turkey Island.]
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100 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
GENEALOGY.
THE BROOKE FAMILY OF VIRGINIA.
(By Prof. St. George Tucker Brooke, Morgan town, W. Va.)
(continued)
Will of John Brooke, 1788.
Will of John Brooke (Essex County Records).
In the name of God. This is the last will and Testament of John
Brooke, Gent. After recommending my soul to God, I give and De-
vise in manner following. I give to my beloved wife one-third part
of my whole estate During her natural life. Item. I give to my
son'* Wm. Thornton Brooke, all my lands in Essex to him and his
heirs forever, and in case of his death without such heir, then to
daughter Ann Brooke to her and her heirs forever. Item. My will
is that all my slaves and personal Estate be equally divided between
my two children* William Thornton Brooke and Ann Brooke, at the
time my said Daughter, Anne Brooke, shall come of age or marry,
and in case my two children* Wm. Thornton Brooke and Ann
Brooke should die without issue, I give my whole estate to be equally
divided between my three half brothers, Robert Spottswood, William
and Thomas Hipkins, to them and their heirs forever. I appoint Wil-
liam Thornton, John Rose and Edmund Brooke my Executors and
guardians to my children. In testimony whereof I have hereunto
set my hand this 28th Day of June, 1787.
John Brooke.
Test: James Nevison.
Wm. Waring.
At a Court continued and held for Essex Co. at Tappahannock on
the 22nd Day of April, 1788. This last Will and Testament of John
Brooke, dec'd, was offered to proof by Wm. Thornton, one of the
Executors therein named, who qualified to the same as the Law directs,
and was proved by the oath of Wm. Waring, one of the witnesses
thereto, which is ordered to be certified.
Test: John Smith, D. Clk.
And at a Court held for the said Co. at the place aforesaid, on
the i6th day of June, 1788. This last will and testament of John
Brooke, dec'd, was further proved by the Oath of James Nevison,
another of the witnesses thereto, which is ordered to be recorded.
Test: Hancock Lee, Clk.
Truly recorded.
Test: John Smith, D. Clk.
• The italics are ours. (St. G. T. B.)
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GENEALOGY. 101
A division of the slaves belonging to the estate of William Brooke,
dcc'd, between Mr. Richard Hipkins in right of his wife, and John
Brooke, heir at law. Lot No. i to heir at law. Lot No. 2 to Mrs,
Hipkins. January 25, 1771.
These old wills would be competent evidence in any court of law
or equity because they "came from the proper custpdy," and "are old
enough to prove themselves," and, ante litem motam, were "acted
upon;" the actual fact being that they are links whereby the Brooke
Bank estate has passed from William Brooke I (1734), to his great-
great grandson, William Hill Brooke, who died about 1896, aged about
75 years.
Lineal Descendants of William Brooke I, and of His Wife, Sarah
(Taliaferro) Brooke. *
n. Sarah (i), died unmarried, 1767; posthumous son H. William (2),
m. Ann Benger, dau. Elliot Benger and Dorothea Bryan, sister of
Lady Spots wood; issue.
in. John Brooke (i), m. Lucy, dau. of Col. Francis Thornton, of
King George Co., and of his wife, Sarah Fitzhugh, III. William (2),
d. in infancy.
HL John Brooke (i) and his wife, Lucy Thornton, had issue, IV.
William Thornton Brooke (i) and IV. Ann Brooke (2).
IV. William Thornton Brooke (i), m. Maria Whiting Baylor, and
had issue, V. Lucy Thornton Garnett Brooke (i), m. ist. Col. G. B.
Cooke, had two children, both died, m. 2nd John Williams, of Nor-
folk, Va., no issue; V. Alexander Tunstall Brooke (2), d. s. p.; V.
Eliza (3), d. y. ; V. Robert Baylor Brooke (4), and V. a 2nd Robert
Baylor Brooke (5), both died in childhood; V. William Hill
Brooke (6), m. ist Clarissa Jane Lawrence, dau. John Lawrence and
Hannah Starling, his wife; issue. VI. John Lawrence Brooke (i), m.
Maria Garnett, no issue; VI. William Thornton Brooke (2), m. Lina
F. Abemathy (issue, VII. Annie Wilson (i), m. Robert Hill Steger)
Vn. Gara (2), VII, Fannie (3) VIL Bayham (4). VII, Mildred (5),
VII. Betsy Thornton (6), VI. Lucy Garnett Brooke (3), m. George
William Catlett (issue, VII. William Brooked), and VII. Lucy
Brooke Catlett (2),). VI. Ella Brooke (4), m. James Hillhouse Perry,
U. S. N., (issue VII. John Stone Perry (i),) VI. Alexander Tunstall
Brooke (5), m. Harriet Thornton Catlett, no issue; VI. Roderick Bay-
ham Brooke (6), m. Ella Constantia Harrison (issue, VII. Wliliam
Hill Thornton Brooke (i), and VII. Amelia Brooke (2),) ; VI. Vir-
ginia (7), m. Joseph Page Anderson (issue, VII. Margaret (i) ; VII.
Virginia (2); VH. Alice (3); VIL Walter (4); VL Robert
Brooke (8), d. s. p.; VI. Mary Baylor Brooke (9) ; VI. Alice
Brooke (10), m. Thomas Branch Jackson, no issue.
*Tbe Roman numerals indicate the generations from William Brooke I, and the small
nomerals indicate the parties that were brothers and sisters.
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102 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
V. William Hill Brooke m. 2nd Lucy Beverley Catlett, issue; VI.
Ellen Bankhead (ii), m. Henry Latane Fauntleroy (issue, VH. Wil-
liam Brooke (i), and VH. Harriet Tunstall Fauntleroy (2),) VI. Har-
riet Catlett Brooke (12) m. Robert Bruce Fauntleroy (issue, VH,
Stuart (i) ; VH. Clifton (2) ; VH. Ella Perry (3) ; VH. Lucille (4)
Beverley (4) ; VIL Virginius (5) ) and VH., an infant (6) ; VL An-
nie (13), youngest child of Wm. Hill Brooke and his 2nd. wife, Lucy
Catlett.
Will of Humphrey Brooke.
Third son of Robert Brooke, Jr., "Knight of Golden Horseshoe."
In the name of God. Amen. Humphrey Brooke being very Sick And
Weak, but of Perfect Sence and memory, thanks be to god, do Con-
stitute and ordain this my last Will and Testament in manner and
form following: Imprimis. I recommend my soul to Almighty God
in hopes of a General Resurrection and my Body to the Earth to be
decently Buried by my Executor hereafter named, and as to what
Worldly Estate wherewith it hath Pleased God to Bless me, after the
Payment of my Just Debts and Funeral Expenses, I dispose thereof
as foUoweth, viz: —
Imprimus, I give and bequeath unto my loving Brother Richard
Brooke (i), and his heirs forever all my land in Culpeper County, and
all my other Estate both real and Personal whercT'er it may be found,
to him and his heirs forever.
Item, my will is that my Loving brother, Richard Brooke, be my
Executor of this my last Will and Testament.
In Witness whereof I have set my hand and seal this eleventh day
of May, 1758.
Humphrey Brooke, (L. S.)
Signed, Sealed & Delivered in Presence of us :
Hay Talliaferro, Thos. Catlett,
Catherine Rose, Elizabeth Talliaferro,
His
Thos. (X) Whitlenton.
Mark.
At a Court held for the County of Culpeper on Thursday, the 17th
Day of February, 1763.
This last Will and Testament of Humphrey Brooke, Dec'd, was ex-
hibited to the Court by Richard Brooke, the only Executor therein
named, and was partly proved by the oath of Hay Talliferro, one of
the witnesses thereto, and ordered to be certified. And at a Court
continued and held for the same County on Friday, the i8th day of
March, 1763, This said Will was fully proved by the oath of Eliza-
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GENEALOGY. 103
bcth Talliferro, Witness thereto, and ordered to be Recorded, and
on the motion of the said Executor Certificate is granted him for
obtaining a Probat thereof in Due form, he having sworn to the same
and given Bond and Security According to Law, and it is ordered that
Robert Brooke, Gent. (2), Brother & heir at Law of the said Decedent
be summoned to contest the validity of the said Will, if to him it
seems expedient.
Test: Roger Dixon, CI. Cur.
A copy, — Test: W. E. Coons, Clerk.
Will of Robin Brooke (Robert Brooke IV), son of Robert Brooke
III, and grandson of Robert Brooke, Jr., "Knight of the Golden Horse-
shoe."
1778.
I, Robin Brooke, of the County of Essex, and Commonwealth of
Virginia, seriously considering the uncertainty of human life do whilst
in a sound state of body and mind make this my last will and testa-
ment. I most humbly recommend my soul to (the) extensive mercy
of that Eternal Supreme and Intelligent Being who gave it me, most
earnestly at the same time deprecating his justice, hoping through the
merits of Jesus Christ to participate of the joys of heaven.
Imprimis. My will is that all my just debts be paid and discharged,
and in token of that filial affection which I owe to my beloved father,
Mr. Robert Brooke (a) and mother, Mrs. Mary Brooke (b), I give
and bequeath to each a gold ring of five guineas value.
Item. I give and bequeath to my brothers, Humphrey (c) and Ed-
mund Brooke (d), each one gold ring of 3 guineas value.
Item. I give and bequeath to each of my sisters, viz: Mary (e),
Catherine (f), Susannah (g), Sarah (h), and Elizabeth Brooke (i),
one bracelet of 3 guineas value. And as to my estate which I am
seized of, interested in or entitled to, of every kind and nature what-
soever, I lend the same to my beloved wife, Mrs. Lydia Bushrod
(i). This was Richard Brooke, of "Smitbfield,'' fourth and youngest son of Robert
Brooke, Jr., " Knight of the Golden Horseshoe.' '
(2). Of course, this Robert Brooke was the oldgsi brother "of the said decedent," or
he would not have been "the heir at law." By the common law if a man died intestate
and without children, his oldest brother was heir at law, even though his father was still
living ; but this Humphrey's father died in 1744. This will proves conclusively that this
Humphrey died either a bachelor or a widower without children or other /»«^a/ descend
ants, because (i) bis brother Robert would not have been ** the heir at law " if Humphrey
bad left /iw^a/ descendants, and (2) we are not to suppose that he would have left all of
*' his estate, both real and personal, whereaver found, to my loving brother, Richard
Brooke," without mentioning wife or children, if he had had a wife or children. See this
magazine October, 1902, p. 197.
Not improbably it was this Humphey Brooke, not Humphrey-, of Fauquier, who was
living in Williamsburg in 1752, when he subscribed for a copy of Mercer's Code of Vir*
ginia. See this magazine, January, 1902, p. 316. lb. July, 1902, p. 90.
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104 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Brooke (j), during her widowhood, and in case she should marry
again then 1 give or lend her only what the law allows.
Item. At my wife's death or in case she should marry, I give, devise
and bequeath all my estate of every kind and nature to the male heir
of my body (k) ; and in case of none such, or he should die under age
or without issue, I give, devise and bequeath the personal part of my
estate to the female heir of my body, and the real part thereof to my
beloved father, Mr. Robert Brooke, and in case of no such female heir
of my body, then I give all and every part of my estate whatsoever to
my beloved father, Mr. Robert Brooke, his heirs and assigns forever,
and appointing him, my said father, Robert Beverley, Esquire, and
Dr. John Brockenbrough executors of this my last will and testament.
I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 30th day of Sept., in the year
of our Lord One Thousand Seven hundred and seventy-eight.
Signed and sealed in presence of
Robert Brooke. (Seal).
At a Court held for Essex County at Tapp'a on the 20th day Sep-
tember, 1779, This instrument of writing purporting (to be) the last
will and testament of Robert Brooke Jun'r (1) dec'd was proved to be
the handwriting of the said decedent by Robert Beverley, John Mat-
thews and Richard Rouzee, and being sworn to by Robert Brooke
3en'r, one of the executors therein named, is admitted to record.
Test: Hancock Lee, Cl'k.
A Copy — Test: H. Southworth, Clerk.
Notes to the Will of Robin Brooke.
(a) Robert Brooke IIL See his will.
(b) She was the daughter of William Fauntleroy, of Richmond
county. See his will.
(c) He was Humphrey Booth Brooke. See this mag. Oct., 1902,
p. 197.
(d) See this mag. July, 1904, p. 108.
(e) Mary married Maj. Daniel B. Duval, of Revolutionary fame,
of Naylor's Hole, Essex county.
(f) Catherine married Peter Francisco, of Revolutionary fame, of
Buckingham county.
(g) Susannah married James Vass, late of Fores, Scotland,
(h) Sarah married Jesse Michaux.
(i) Elizabeth married Micou.
(j) See the will of Robert Brooke HL
(k) The testator evidently did not know that two years earlier,
Oct. 7, 1776, Jefferson's statute had abolished estates tail.
(1) The Italics are the Clerk's, who made the certified copy of this
will.
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GENEALOGY. 106
THE BRENT FAMILY.
Compiled by W. B. Chilton, Washington, D. C.
(continued)
Which Robert de Brent 5 Edw. I (1277) attended that King into Gas-
cony, as he did in most of his expeditions into Scotland, being then a
Knight. 25 Edw. I (1297) he was a knight of the shire for Somerset at
the parliament then held at Westminster. He died about 2 Edw. H
(1309) Isabella his wife, daughter of Simon de Montacute, surviving
him. He was the first of the family that used a seal of his arms, vis: a
wivern, as it is now borne, and has generally been used by his descend-
ants. He was the father of another Robert, who was also a knight and a
great benefactor to the abbey of Glastonbury. He married Garicia
daughter and heir of Sir Adam de la Ford, of Ford, in the parish of
Bawdrip, by whom he had the manor of Ford, and other lands in this
county, Wilts, Hants, and Essex. He had by her a son of his own
name, who succeeded him at Cossington, and also another son called
John, who, setting himself at Charing, in Kent, on some lands which
were Sir Adam de la Ford's, became the progenitor of a family which
continued there with great dignity for many generations, and at last
by some heir female had their possessions in the time of Queen Eliza-
beth transferred to the family of Deering.^
Besides these sons, he had two daughters, Havysia, the wife of Hugh
de Popham, and Joan, wife of Thomas Deneband. He was buried
on the north side of the choir of the abbey church of Glastonbury.
Robert de Brent, son of the last mentioned Robert, married Eliza-
beth, daughter of William Deniband, and died 25 Edw. Ill (1357),
being then succeeded by John Brent, who married Joan, daughter and
heir of John le Eyre, of Middlezoy, by whom he had a manor in that
parish held of the Lady Stury by the service of half a knight's fee, and
several other lands in this neighborhood.
John Brent, of Cossington, son of John, i Henry V (1413), was
twice married; his first wife was Ida, daughter of Sir John Beau-
champ, of Lillisdon, knt., by whom he had issue Sir Robert Brent, his
successor in the estate of Cossington, and Joan, first married to
Thomas Horsey, of Horsey, Esq., and afterwards to Thomas Trethekc.
of Tretheke, in the county of Cornwall, Esq. To his second wife he
married Joan, the daughter of Sir Robert Latimer, knt., by whom he
had a son called John.
Sir Robert Brent, his son by his former wife, and heir to this es-
tate, married Jane, daughter of John Harewell, of Wotton, in the
county of Warwick, who survived him and had this manor for her
I Weevers, funeral monuments, go, 19 (sic).
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106 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
dower, which was, after her death, together with the rest of the
estate, entered upon by Joan, his sister and heir by the whole blood,
to the exclusion of John, son of John Brent by the second marriage.
But this Joan being in a state of insanity, the fines that were levied
in her name were not sufficient to bar the heir male, who, after several
suits at law, and at length an arbitration by John Hody (afterwards
chief justice of the King's Bench) lo Henry VI (1440), was ad-
judged the right heir, by virtue of two entails made in the time of
Edw. II, and Ric. II (1307; 1377), and soon after this manor was
again entailed to this John Brent and the heirs of their body forever.
The eldest son of this John Brent was called Robert, and married
Margaret, daughter of Hugh Malet, of Currypool, by whom he had
another John, who added to his estate the manors of Goodwin's
Bower and West Bagborough, which he purchased of Thomas God-
wyn, as also (from his wife Maud, the daughter and co-heir of Sir
Walter Pouncefoot) the manor of Compton-Pouncefoot, and Pounce-
foot Hill, all which descended to JVilliam Brent, their eldest son,
under age.
Which William had livery of his lands granted him 15 Henry VIII
(1524), although he was not then twenty-one years old. He married
a daughter of Lord Stourton, by whom he had one son, Richard, who
died 23 Eliz. (1558), and was succeeded by Anne, his only daughter
and heir, married to Lord Thomas Poulett, son of the Marquis of
Winchester, and was mother of Elizabeth, wife of Giles Hoby, Esq.,
which two ladies sold and squandered away all the patrimony of this
ancient family. The manor of Cossington, with Ford, and part of
Godwin's Bower, was purchased by John Brent, the heir male of the
family, viz., son of Stephen, son of John, second son of John Brent
and Maud Pouncefoot. Which John, by that marriage, was an officer
under William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, and afterwards
under the treasurer of Calais. It appears by papers found at Cos-
sington that, upon the dissolution of the religious houses, he was
employed by the commissioners to take account of the lands and muni-
ments of such of them as were within this county, particularly of the
abbey of Clive, to which he seems to have been steward. This John
was twice married; his first wife was a daughter and co-heir of
Thomas Godwyn; his second was Mary, granddaughter and sole heir
of Thomas Culpeper, of the city of London. He died in 1557, and
was buried at Bexley, in the county of Kent.
Stephen Brent, son of John^ was a lawyer, and lived at Dorchester,
in a house that was his mother's, in whose right he had several other
lands in that county and in Kent, all which were sold by his son John,
upon his purchase of this manor of Cossington, an estate in which
he seems to have taken great delight. This John died here in 1610,
I Second son of John Brent and Maude Pouncefoot.
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GENEALOGY. 107
leaving behind him a son of his own name, who was seventy-eight
years in possession of this manor, and died A. D., 1692; but though
twice married, left no children. His first wife was Winifred, daughter
of Sir John Arundel, of Lanheron, in Cornwall, and his second was
Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Ludlow, knt. On his death one Hodges,
a poor man, then living near Highgate, was by Virdict found to be
grandson of Anne, daughter of Stephen, and real heir to the estate,
which he sold soon after to Mr. Robert West, of the Inner Temple,
who had assisted him in the discovery of his title to this inheritance.
Whence the manor of Cossington came to Sir John Gresham, bart.,
who sold it to Benjamin Allen, Esq., the present possessor.
The living of Cossington is rectorial, in the deanery of Pawlett, and
was in 1292 valued at ten marks. The Rev. Charles Hobbs is pat-
ron and incumbent
The church, which is dedicated to St Mary, is of one pace, with a
tower at the west end, containing a clock and five bells.
In the chancel floor is a brass plate, whereon are engraved the
effigies of John Brent, Esq., who died Aug. 22, 1524, and Maud, his
wife, with an inscription to their memory; and on the north wall
another inscription to John, son of John Brent, Esq., who died Jan.
24, 1691, aged 80 years.
From the History and Antiquities of the County of Somerset, by
John Collinson, London. 1791. Vol. Ill, p. 434-7.
(P. C. C. Bennett, 8.)
Will of Robert Brent, Esquire, and Lord of Cosvngton, Dated 27
August, 1500; Fronted 7 Non-ember, 1508.
I desire to be buried in the chancel of the Church of the Blessed
Mary of Cosyngton.
I bequeath to the fabric of the Church of Bath and Wells 20s.
To the glazing of the window in the tower of the parish church of
Cosyngton, 40s.
I will that Joan, my sister, have food and clothing from John, my
son and heir, while she lives.
I give to the prior of Byrkyll 2od.
To the friars Minor of Bridgewater, 6s., 8d.
To the poor of the Blessed Margaret next Taunton, 2od.
To Alexander Hody, now rector of Byschford, 6s., 8d.
To Richard Mylcome, rector of Cosyngton, 6s., 8d.
To John, my son and heir, my chest.
Residuary Legatees and Executors: Joan, my wife, and John, my
son. Witnesses: Richard Mylcome, John Nett, Jr., and John Joce.
I also bequeath to Dom. George Nawll, chaplain of Ford, 2od.
To John, the Hermit of St. Thomas on Powldom. 8d.
Proved: 7 November, 1508, by the oath of John, the son, to whom
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108 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
admon. was granted, power being reserved of making the like grant
to Joan, the widow and relict.
Note: The foregoing will is that of Robert Brent, who married
Margaret, daughter of Hugh Malet, of Currypool. Joan, mentioned
in the will, must have been a second wife. Both Collinson and the
Brent genealogy mention Margaret as the name of this Robert Brent's
wife; but Collinson, under the head of Currypool, states that Joan
Malet married Robert Brent, and that her sister, Margaret, married
John Crewkem. Possibly Robert Brent married first Margaret, the
widow of Crewkern, and second Joan, her sister.
(P. C C Bodfelde, 26.)
The Will of John Brent, Dated 20 Aug., 1524.
I bequeath my body to be buried in the chancel of the church of
our lady of Cos>Tigton, by Mawd, late my wife.
To the church of St. Andrew, in Wells, los.
To the church of Cosyngton, to buy a tenor bell, 2oli.
To the church of Bawdrepe, Puryton and Wullauyngton, 6s., 8d
apiece, and to the two chantry priests of Wullauyngton, Sir Nicholas
Neele and Sir John Pople, 6s., 8d.
To the Friars of Briggewater and Yevilchester, 6s., 8d. severally.
To the Spetilhouses of Taunton, Brewton, Lamport and Bath, 3s.,
4d. severally.
To all my servants, men and women, dwelling with me in my house-
hold, on the day of my death, a year's wages.
To Richard Brent, my son, 200 marks.
To Barbara, my daughter, 200 marks.
To Thomasyn, my daughter, 200 marks.
If any of my children die within the age of 16 years not married,
the portion of the child so dying shall be divided among the survi-
vors. If all my children thus die, their portions shall be put into lands,
to found a perpetual chantry in the church of Cosington, and my will
is, if it could be done, that the chantry of the Forde should be parcel
of the perpetuity in Cosyngton church. The residue of my goods I
give to William Brent and Richard Brent, my sons, to be equally di-
vided among them by the advice of Bawdon Mallett, William Vowell,
John Poxwell, clerk, and Sir Thomas Keove; and I make my said
sons my ex'ors, and Sir John Poxwell, parson of Cosyngton, and Sir
Thomas Keove, one of the chantry preests of Wullavvmgton, their
coadjutors.
To my sister, Agnes, a nun at Shaftsbury, I give 61i., 13s., 4^-
To my cousin, Mary Paulett, an ambling horse named Symon.
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GENEALOGY. 109
Witnesses: John Powlett; John Pokiswell, clerk, Thomas Kcwe,
William Broke, Richard Pery and John Mors.
Proved IS Oct., 1524, by Richard Feld, proctor for the ex'ors.
(P. C. C. Rudd, 22.)
The Will of Giles Brent, of Honesbrooke, in the Parish of Wym-
BORNE Mynster, Co. Dorset, Gent., Dated 3 June, 12 James I.
I give to the parish church of Wymborne Mynster 20s.
To the poor, 20s.
I give the use of my farm of Hunnesbrooke to my wife Anne for
21 years; and to my said wife and to Thomas, Giles, Edward, Pene-
lope and Dorothy Brent, my children, all my goods equally among
them.
To Grace Brent, my daughter, a feather bed and bolster.
I will that my son, John, shall pay to Giles, Penelope and Dorothy
Brent, 2oli. by the year out of the farm of Burford, for the time of
the lease of 21 years.
Ex'ors: my wife Anne, and son Thomas.
Overseers: my friends Edward Woodes and Thomas Thornehill,
gent.
The mark of Giles Brent: Witnesses: Edward Wood, John Brent.
Proved 4 March, i6i4-'5, by Thomas Brent, executor, with power re-
served, &c.
Note — Giles Brent, the maker of the foregoing will, was the son of
Richard Brent, and the grandson of John Brent and Maud Pounce-
foot.
(P. C. C Grey, 109.)
The Noncupative Will of John Brent, of Hennvbrooke, in the
Parish of Wimborne Minster, Co. Dorset, Gent., Made
About 26 January, i 650-1.
He declared he would give to his daughter, Mary Brent, 200/f., hav-
ing given her that sum in a will he had lately cancelled. The rest
of his estate, as also the lease of his tenements in Hennybrook, which
was to be holden after his decease by the life of one Ann Hardy, he
gave to his wife, Katherine Brent, for the benefit of herself and chil-
dren.
Made in the presence of divers good and credible witnesses 10 June,
1651, commission issued to Katherine Brent, the relict of deceased,
to administer according to the above will.
Note — ^John Brent, making the foregoing will, was probably the son
of Giles Brent, maker of the will immediately preceding.
(P. C. C. Administration Act Book 1611-14, folio 152.)
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110 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
John Brent.
II June, 1614. Commission issued to Thomas Parsons, one of the
creditors of John Brent, late of Cosyngton, Co. Somerset, deceased,
to administer the goods, &c., of the said deceased.
(P. C. C. Arundel, 39.)
The Will of Stephen Brent, of Dorchester, Co. Dorset, Dated
31 May, 1580.
I bequeath my body to be buried, if I happen to die in Dorset, by
my father-in-law, Christopher Hole, and Dorothy, his wife.
I give to the church of St. Peter, in Dorsettshire, 6s., 8d., and to the
churches of Holy Trinity & Allhallows there, 3s., 4d. each.
To John Coxe, my man, 40s.
To my brother Gyles, my signet that I do use to wear.
To my brother John, 20s.
If my mother be living at my death, I give her 3/1., to buy a gown
with.
To my daughter, Grace, towards her preferment in marriage, ioo/».,
and the gilt cup my father-in-law did use to drink in, at her mar-
riage or age of 20.
To my daughter, Anne, loo/i., and the great white silver cup I
do use to drink in. And if my farm of Haydon or Islington fall into
my wife's hands before they be married, my request is she give them
each lOo/i. more.
Whereas, I have bought a tenement in Bere Regis unto my son,
John, and daughter, Anne, jointly, and a tenement in Horsey, Co.
Somerset, to my daughters, Grace and Anne. I will my daughter
Anne shall not claim the moiety thereof until after their several
deaths.
I give to my wife my lease of the farm of Haydon, for life, the resi-
due to my son, John.
To my son, John, my great best standing cup of silver gilt, at his
age of 21.
The residue of my goods I give to my wife, Margaret, and son,
John, whom I make my executors; and I appoint as overseers of my
will, my uncle, William H.vmerford, clerk, Thomas Tubervile and
George Tyllen, Esquires, and my brother, Gyles Brent, gent.
Per me, Stephen Brent.
Witnessed per me, Guilielmum Hemerfordum, Richard Eare, by me,
Roger Baxley.
Proved Oct. 31, 1580, by Margaret Brent, the relict, with power
reserved, &c.
(P. C. C. Admon Act Book, 1692. February R, 32.)
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EFFIGIES IK COSSINGTON CHURCH.
JOHN HkE^rT and hts wifk maude,
(Frona nibblDge ftuai the bmsaea,)
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GENEALOGY. Ill
John Brent^ Esquire.
On the nth day a commission was issued to Mary Brent, Widow,
relict of John Brent, late of Cossington, in the County of Somerset
Esquire, deceased, to have and administer the goods, credits and chat-
tels of the said deceased, well, etc.
Inscription Surrounding Memorial Brasses on Tomb of John Brent
AND His Wife ..of Cossington ..St. Mary's Church
"Here Under Thys Stone Lyeth the Bodys of John Brent,
Esq'r, Late Lord of this Maner of Cosyngton, and Mawdb
His Wyfe — ^the Eldest Daught and Hayre of Syr Water Pansfote,
Our Lord God McCCCC, on Whose Soules and all Crysten
Solves Jhu Ha\'e Mercy."
Inscription in Cossington Church to the Memory of John Brent,
Who Died January 24, 1691.
"In memory of / John Brent, Esqr., was this monument erected. .
He was Lord of this Manner of Cosington 78 years / and from
the ace of 14 was marked to Winifed, Daw'ter of John Arundel,
Esqr., of Clanhern, in Cornell ..He lived with her 12 years / ..
After her death marked Mary, dau'ter of Sir Henry Ludlow, Knt.,
of Maiden Braley In ye county of Will'ts. He li\^ed with
her /44 years and departed this life Jan. ye 24TH, 1691. Aged 80.'*
The memorial to John Brent, who died 24 January, 1691, is on the
south wall, not the north wall, as stated by CoIIinson. There are two
shields in the tablet; in the first, gules a wivem; in the second, sable,
6 martels, three, two and one argent impaling argent a chevron be-
tween three animals (horses?), heads erased sable.
In the parish register is recorded in Latin the burial of John Brent,
Armiger, January 24, 169 1.
Cossington is situated about five miles north of Bridgewater, ad-
joining Chilton on the west, and derives its name from the moors
whereon it is situated, "Cors," in the British language, signifying a
marsh or moorish place, and "ton** in Saxon, a small town or en-
closure. It is a compact village, most of the houses, which are about
thirty in number, standing near the church. The poor are chiefly em-
ployed in cutting turf on the moors for sale. The cottages are in
many cases almost hidden from view by the fine old trees. One, a
venerable patriarch of the forest, is surrounded by a low circular wall.
There is a tradition that from its branches many of the unfortunate
adherents of Monmouth were hanged.
Cossington manor is a fine old house, and must have been built
about the end of the eleventh centur>', as services were held in it before
the church was built. The house stands behind the church, which is
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112 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
distant only a few feet, and is part of the manor. Mr. Edward Brod-
erip is the present Lord of the Manor, and Mr. F. Couper Townson,
the Rector of the parish. The interior of the church and of the manor
house have been modernized. The Rectory is on the opposite sid:
of the road, and here resided for many years John Somervillc Brod-
erip, whose wife was the gifted authoress, Fanny Hood, only daughter
of the writer of the "Song of the Shirt" and the "Bridge of Sighs."
The following additional notes are also taken from Collinson's His-
tory of Somerset:
Laverton. Against the fourth wall is a handsome monument of
stone "To the memory of John, eldest son of John Yerbury, of Frome,
in this County, Gent, by Mary, his wife, daughter and co-heiress of
John 6 rent, of Winborne, in the County of Dorset, Esqr. He mar-
ried Joan Ralins, of this place, and died July i, 1691, aged 25." Arms
of Yerbury and Brent (the Wivern).
CurrypooL Hugh Malet, son of Baldwin Malet, by Anne Lysse, was
Lord of CurrvT)ool. His daughter, Joan, married Robert Brent.
Another daughter, Margaret, married John Crewkern.
Stoke Courcy. Margaret, daughter of William de Courcy, 2 Henry
HI (1218), and widow of Baldwin de Redvers, married Falk de Brent,
a Norman by birth The said Falk de Brent, the builder
of this castle, was sentenced, 9 Henry HI (1225), to abjure the realm
forever, but died soon after.
Among list of those to whom lands were granted at the time of the
Norman Conquest was Odo Fitz-Gamclin.
William Malet was a Baron in the time of Henry H.
Among the principal possessors of land in Somerset in the time of
Edward I (1272-1307) :
William de Vernai,
William de Popham,
Hugh de Popham,
Robert de Brent.
(to be continued)
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THE RECTORY, COSSINGTON.
COSSINGTON LODGE.
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PUBUCATIONS OF THE VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
''G>Uections of the Virginia Historical Society. New Series. Edited
by R. A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society,
(Seal) Richmond, Va. Published by the Society.'' Eleven annual
volumes, uniform. 8vo., cloth, issued 1882-92, carefully indexed, as
follows:
The Ofiidal Letters of Alexander Spotswood, Lieutenant-Governor of
the Colony of Virginia, 1710- 1722. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. • Vols. I and IL
Two Volnmcs. Portrait and Arms, pp xxi>i79 and vii-368. 8 00
The Official Records of Robert Dinwiddle, Lieutenant-Governor of the
Colony of Virginia, 1751-1758. Now first pnnted from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volames. pp. lzix-538 and xviii-768. Portraits, /ac-simile of letters of presentation
from W. W. Corcoran, cnt ot Mace of Borough of Norfolk, Va., and reproduction of the
Map of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, engraved iSor Jefferson's Notes
•a Virginia, itS;. < 60
Documents, Chiefly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration
to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin Town, with an Appen-
dix of Genealogies, presenting data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy,
Trabue, Marye, Chastaine, Cocke and other Families.
Pages xxi-247. Contains /ac-ssmile of plan of "King William's Town." t M
Miscellaneous Papers, 1672-1865. Now first printed from the manuscript
in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. Comprising
Charter of the Royal African Co., 1672; Report on the Huguenot •
Settlement 1700; Papers of George Gilmer of 'Ten Park," 1775-78;
Orderly Book of Capt George Stubblefield, 1776; Career of the
Iron-clad Virginia, 1862; Memorial of Johnson's Island, 1862-4; Beale's
Cav. Brigade Parole, 1865.
Pages ▼iii-374. t W
Abstract of the Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London, 1619-
1624, Prepared from the Records in the Library of Congress by
Conway Robinson, \i-ith an introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volames. Pages xlvii-ai8 and 500. The introduction contains a valuable criUcal
•Bsay on the sources of information for the student of Virginia History. ft OO
The History of the Virginia Federal Convention of 1788, with some ac-
count of the Eminent Virginians of that era who were members of
the Body, by Hugh Blair Grigsby, LL. D., with a Biographical
Sketch of the Author and illustrative notes. Vols. I and II.
Two vohimcs. Pages xxvii-jTs aiid-4ii. 5 00
Proceedings of the Virginia Historical Society at the Annual Meeting
held December 21-23, 1891, with Historical Papers read on the oc-
casion and others.
Pages xiz-386. Contains papers on the Virginia Committee of Correspondence and the
Can for the First Coagrr^i; Historical ElcmenU in Virginia Bdocation and Utermry
Eflbrt ; Notes 00 Recent Work fai Soathem History; Andent Epitaphs and Descriptions
in York and James Citj Cwmtica, Washington's First Election to Uie House of Bnigcases;
Smithfield Church, built in i^, Mdmond's FhM Academf ; FacU from the Accomac
Coonty Rtcofdt, Rdatfang to Bacon's RebdUoo ; Thomas Hansford, lint If artyr to Amcri-
caa Liberty ; Journal of Captain Charies Lewis in Washington's Expedition against the
Pknnch in 1735: Ordcriy Books of Ifi^orWaLHcntli ^, and Capt. Robcft Gamble, 1779^ j
and Ifosoir of General John Cropper. Digitized by VjOQgiC
The full set of these publications cao be obtained for $8 1 .00, or the separate
publications, at the prices named.
CATALOGUE OF THE MANUSCRIPTS in the Collection of the Virsinia Hittorical Society
mad also of Some Printed Papers. Compiled by order of the Executive Committee. Sapplemeot to
the ytr^ftMia MagaMm4 ^ History and Biography, Richmond : Wm. EUii Jones, Printer. 190X.
Paper, lao pp. Price, |i.oo. Sent free to members and subscribers on receipt of 10 cents lor post-
age, &c.
AN ABRIDGMENT OF THE LAWS OF VIRGINIA. Compiled in 1694. Fran the origiM
manuscripts in the collection of the Virginia Historical Society. 80 pp., paper. Richmond, 1993.
An edition of 500 copies, reprinted from the Virginia Magazine of History and Biograpl^, Price,
I1.00.
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Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Edited to October
ist, 1898, by Philip A. Bruce, and since that date by William G. Stanard,
Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society, (Seal). Pub-
lished Quarterly by the Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.
House of the Society, No. 707 Elast Franklin St.
VOLUMB I— OcUVO, pp. 484-viii-XXVi-XXXli.
Contains cut of the Society's Building, accounu of the proceedini^ and transactions ol
the Society for the year 1893, and many exceedingly valuable, original historical documents
and papers which have never before appeared in print. Among others may be mentioned,
Discourse of the London Company on its administration of Virginia atibirs, 1607-1624;
Abstracts of Colonial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, beginning in 1634,
with full genealogical notes and an extended Genealogy of the Claiborne Family ; The
Mutiny in Virginia in 1635 ; Samuel Matthew's Letter and Sir John Harvey's Declaration ;
Speech of Governor Berkeley and Declaration of the Assembly with reference to the change
•of Government in England snd the passage of the First Navigation Act of 1651 ; Petition
<«f the Planters of Virginia and Maryland in opposition to the Navigation Act of x66i
'peon's Rebellion, 1676; His three proclamations, Letters of Sherwood and LudMrell, Pro-
posals of Smith and Ludwell, and Thomas Bacon's Petition ; Letters of William Fitzhugh
(1650-1701), a Leading Lawyer and Planter of Virginia, with a genealogical account of the
Fitzhughs in England ; Lists of Public Officers in the various Counties in Virginia late in
the 17th and early in the i8th centuries ; Roster of Soldiers in the French and Indian Wars
nnder Colonel Washmgton ; Officers, Seamen and Marines in the Virginia Navy of the
Revolution ; Roll of the 4th Virginia Regiment in the Revolution ; Diary of Captain John
Davis of the Pennsylvania Line in the Vorktown Campaign ; General George Rogers
Clark,— Ron of the Illinois and Crockett's RegimenU and the Expedition to Vincennes;.
Department of " Historical Notes and Queries," containing contributions by Hon. Wm.
Wirt Henry, and many other items of value ; Department of " Book Reviews ; " A full
Index. h ••
VOLUMB II— OcUVO, pp. 483-ii-XXiv.
Contains a full account of the proceedings and transactions of the Society for the
year 1894, and the folk>wing list of articles copied from the original documents : Report
of Governor and Council on the Condition of AffiiUrs in Virginia in x6a6 ; AbstracU of Col-
onial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, with full genealogical notes and
extended eneaIo«ies of the Fleet, Robins and Thoroughgood Families; Reports of Griev-
ances by the Counties of Virginia after the suppression of Bacon's Insurrection ; A fbll hit-
lory of the First Legislative Assembly ever held in America (that in 1619 at Jamestown),
written by Hon. Wm. Wirt Henry ; The conduding list of Virginia Sokliers engaged in
the French and Indian Wars ; The opening lists of the Virginia Officers and Men in the
Continental Line, compiled fix>m official sources ; A valuable account of the Indian Wan
in AugnsU County, by Mr. Joseph A. Waddell, with the lists of the killed and wounded ;
Instructions to Governor Veardley in 1618 and i6a6, and to Governor Berkeley in 1641 ; Let>
ters of William Fitzhugh continued, with fuU genealogical notes; The WiU of WiUiam
Fitzhugh; A complete List of Public Officers in Virginia in 1703 and 1714; Valuable ac-
count of Horse Racing in Virginia, by Mr. Wm. G. Stanard ; The first instalment of an
article on Robert Beverley and his DcscendanU; Wills of Richard Kemp and Rev. John
Lawrence, both bearing the date of the xTth century ; Short Biographies of all the members
of the Virginia Hiatorical'Sodety who died in the course of 1894 i An elaborate Genealogy
of the Floumoy Family, throwing light on the Huguenot Emigration ; Department of^His-
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torical Notes and Queries, containing many valuable short historical papers and also Gene-
alogical cootributioos, among which the Carr and Landon Genealogies are of special
interest ; Department of Book Reviews, containing critical articles by well known historical
■cbolars. Volume II, like Volume I, has been thoroughly indexed. 6 00
VoLiTMB III— OcUvo, pp. 46o-ii-zzviii.
Contains a full account of the proceedings of the Society for the year 1895, and the follow-
ing list of articles copied from original documents : Letters of William Fitzhugh con-
tinned; Instructions to Berkeley, 1663; Virginia under Governors Harvey and Gooch;
Causes of Discontent leading to the Insurrection of 1666 under Bacon ; Will of Benjamin
Harrison the Elder; Culpeper's Report on Virginia in 1683 ; Defense of Col. Edward Hill ;
A series of Colonial letters written by William Byrd, Jr., Thomas Ludwell, Robert Carter,
Richard Lee, and Sir John Randolph ; Decisions of the General Court of Virginia, i6a6-
161B, first insuhnent ; Indictment of Governor Nicholson by the leading members of his
Council; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents, extending to 1635, with full genealogical
notes; A History of Robert Beverley and his Descendants, with interesting Wills and new
matter obtained from England ; Genealogies of the Floumoy, Cocke, Carr, Todd and Chap-
pdl Families ; Voluminous Historical Notes and Queries of extraordinary original value,
relating to a great variety of subjects ; Department of Book Reviews, containing articles
from the pens of well known historical scholars. Volume III, like the preceding Volumes,
has a fuU index. 6 00
VoLUMB IV— Octavo, pp 493-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of Contents : A Marriage Agreement between John
Cnstis and bis wife ; A Perswasive to Towns and Cohabitation by Rev. Francis Mackemie
170s; Abstracu of Virginia Land Patents for 1635-6; Army Supplies in the Revolution,
Series of original letters by Judge Innes; Attacks by the Dutch on Virginia Fleet, 1667 ;
loundary Line Proceedings, for Virginia and North Carolina 1710.; Charges against Spots-
wood by House of Burgess 17 19 ; Council Proceedings, 1716-1717; Decisions of Virginia
General Court, i6a6-38 Continued ; Defence of Colonel Edward Hill Continued Depositions
of Revolutionary Soldiers from County records ; Early SpoUylvania Marriage Licenses;
Genealogy— Cocke, Floumoy, Trabue, Jones, and Rootes Families; Historical Notes and
Queries ; A iiill list of House of Burgesses, 1766 to 1775 ; Instructions to Governor Francis
Nicholson ; Letter and Proclamation of Argall ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ; Narrative of
Bacon's Rebellion by the English Commissioners ; full abstracts of Northampton County
Records in 17th Century ; Ordeal of Touch in Colonial Virginia ; Patent of Auditor and
Snrveyor-General ; Prince George County Records with much information as to its &milies ;
Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary College, 1716; A list of Shareholders in Lon-
don Company, 1783 ; also of Slave Owners in Spotsylvania County, 1783 ; Virginia Tobacco
In Russia in 17th Century. Volume IV has a full index. 6 00
VoLims V— Octavo, pp. 47»-i-xxiii.
ConUins the following general list of Contenu : AbstracU of Virginia Land Patents,
1636; and Patents and Grants, 1769; Rappahannock and Isle of Wight Wills. 17th Century ;
Government of Virginia, 1666 ; Bacon's Men in Surry ; and List of Persons Suffering by the
Rebellion; Boundary Line Proceedings, 17 10; Carter Papers; Case of Anthony Penton;
Colooial and Revolutionary Letters, Miscellaneous ; Eariy Episcopacy in Accomac ; Depo-
ritions of Continental Soldiers ; Families of Lower Norfolk and Princess Anne Counties ;
Genealogy of the (^ke, Godwin, Walke, Moseley, Markham, 'Carr, Hughes, Winston,
Calvert, Parker and Brockenbrough Families; General Court Decisions, 1640, 1641, 1666;
Memoranda Relating to the House of Burgesses, 1685-91 ; Journal of John Barnwell in Yam-
wswrr War ; Letters of Lafayette in Vorktown Campaign ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ;
Letters to Thomas Adams, X769>7i ; Public Officers, 1781 ; Northampton County Records,
17th Century: List, Oath and Duties of Viewers of Tobacco Crop, 1639: Petition of John
Mercer Respecting Marboro Town ; Price Listo and Diary of Colonel Fleming, 1788-98 ;
Abstract of Title to Greenspring ; Tithables of Lancaster Conn y, 17th Century ; The Me-
herrin Indians; The Trial of Criminal Cases in i8th Century. Volume V has a full index < 6 00
VoLiTMB VI— Octavo, pp. 4y3-iv-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents: The Aca^lians in Virginia;
Letters to Thomas Adams ; Journal of John Barnwell ; Vindication of Sir William Berk-
eley ; Will of Mrs. Mary Willing Byrd ; Inventory of Robert Carter ; Virginia Society of
the Cincianati ; Epitaphs at Brandon ; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Jacobitism in
Virginia; AbstimcUof Virginia Land Patents; Letters of La&yette; A New Clue to the
Lee Ancestry; Letters of General Henry Lee; Sir Thomas Smythe's Reply to Bargravc;
Vlfginia ia 160, 1603-4, and 177 1 ; Virginia Borrowing from Spain ; The Viivinia Company
and th« House of Commons ; Virginia Militia In the Revolution ; Washington's Capitn-
lat Port Necessity; Election of Washington (Poll List), 1758; Burning of William
Mary College, 1705; Reminiscences of Western Virginia, 1770-90, &c., &c., &c,
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VoLUMX VII— Octavo, pp. 476-iv-xlx.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents: An Additional Chapter to
Waddeirs History of Augusta County ; Augusta County Marriage Licenses, 1749-73 ; In-
ventory of Estate of Hon. Robert Carter: Extracts from Register of Famham F^suish,
Richmond County, Va.; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Indians of Southern Vir-
ginia, 1650-17x1 ; John Paul Jones, as a Citizen of Virginia ; Abstracts of Virginia Land
Patento ; The Case of Captain John Martin ; Papers Relating to the Administration of
Governor Nicholson and to the Founding of William and Mary College ; Richmond During
the War of i8ia ; Virginia Census of 1624-5 : Virginia in 1624-30— Abstracts and Copies
rom the English Public Records ; Virginia Game and Field Sports, 1759: Virginia Militia
in the Revolution ; Unpublished Letters of Washington ; Wills, Genealogies, Notes and
Queries, &c., with a fuU index. $ M
VOLUMB VIII— Octavo, pp. 48x-iv-xxvii.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents : The Indians of Southern Vir-
ginia ; The Virginia and North Carolina Boundary Line, 1711 ; Inventory of Lord Pairfiui ;
Letters from Mrs. Ralph Izard to Mrs. Wm. Lee ; Virginia in 1631-35, from English Public
Records : Papers Relating to the Administration of Governor Nicholson and to the Found-
ing of William and Mary College ; Notes from the Council and General Court Records, 1641-
77 ; Unpublished Letters of Jefierson ; Extracts from Virginia County Records ; Letters of
Harrison Gray and Harrison Gray, Jr.; Members of the House of Burgesses, Lists ; Militia
Companies of Augusta county, 1742 ; Petitions of Virginia Towns for Establishment of
Branches of the United States Bank, 1791 ; Virginia Newspaperi in Public Libraries ; Life
of General Joseph Martin ; Register of St. Paul's Parish, King George county ; Proceedings
of the House of Burgesses, i6-«2-i66i ; Delegates from Kanawha ; Tercentenary of James-
town ; Virginia Militia in the Revolution ; Wills, EpiUphs, Genealogies, Notes and Queries,
Book Reviews, £cc., with a full index. ft M
VoLUMB JX— Octavo, pp. 480-iv-xx.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents : Virginia Newspapers in Pub-
lic Libraries: Papers Relating to the Administration of Governor Nicholson and the
Pounding of William and Mary College : Virginia in 1636-38, from the English Public Re-
cord Office ; Notes from the Council and General Court Records, 1641-1678 ; Virginia As-
sembly of 1641 ; Selections from the Campbell Papers : Virginia Militia in the Revolution ;
Will of William Byrd, 3d: Eastern Shore History: Letters of William Byrd, ad: Henry
County, Virginia, Records ; Diary of a Prisoner of War at Quebec ; Sainsbury's Aostracts
and the Colonial History of Virginia: Abridgment of the Laws of Virginia, 1604; The
Germans of the Valley; Virginia Legislative Documents: John Brown Letters; History of
the Battle of Point Pleasant ; Wills, Genealogies, Notes and Queries, Book Reviews, &c.,
with a full index. ft M
Volume X— Octavo, pp. 480-xvl-x.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents: Virginia Legislative Docu-
ments: John Brown Letters; The Germans of the Valley; Abridgment of Virginia Laws,
1694; Eastern Shore History; Extracts from Records of Heory County, Vs.; Batttle of Point
Pleasant; Ferrar Papers, from Magdalene College, Cambridge; Pioneer Days in Alleghany
County; Tithables or Norihampton County, 1666; Virginia Newspapers in Public Libraries;
Slave Owners of Westmoreland County, 1782; Virginia in 1630- '38, from English Public
Record Office; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills, &c.); Virginia Militia in the Revolu-
tion; Virginia Committee of Correspondence. i7S9-'6i7: Virginia Finances, i776-*90; Vir-
^nia Colonial Records; Books in Colonial Virginia: WIUs. Genealogies, Notes and Queries,
Book Reviews, Ac., with several illustrations and fac-simli«s and afuU index. ft M
VoLUMB XI— Octavo, pp. 490-iv-xxv.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents: Proceedings of Va. Committee
of Correspondence, 1759-64; John Brown Letters; Surrender of Virginia in 1651-2; Ferrar
Papers at Magdalene College, Cambridge; Virp^lnia in 1638-39 from the English Public
Records* Some Colonial Virginia Records; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills); Isle of
Wight County Records; Virginia Militia in tM Revolution; Records of Henry County,
Vs.; Moravian Diaries of Travels Through Virginia, 1743, Ac; Virginians Governors of
Other States; The "Chesapeake War; '^Orderly Book of James Newell, Pt. Pleasant
Campaign, 1774; The Site of Old "Tames Towne,*' 1607-08: Council and (^neral Court
Records, 1640-41; Vestry Book of King WilUam Parish (Huguenot), 1707-50; Jamestown
and the A. P. V. A.; Prosecution of Baptist Ministers 1771:73: Wills, Genealogies, Notes
and Queries, Book Revievrs, Ac, with several illustrations, facsimiles, and map, and a full
inde£: , ftM
VoLUMB XII— Octavo, pp. 487-iv-xxxil.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents : Proceedings of the Virginia
Committee of Correspondence. 1759-70; Vestry Book of King William Parish (Hujsuenot).
1707-1750; The Site of Old "James Towne," 1607-1698; Moravian Diaries of^Travel
Through Virginia, 1747. Ac; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills); Extracts from Vlr^
' ginia County Records; Letters otjefferson, &c., in McHenry Papers; Virginia Militia in
toe Revolution; The Eariy Westward Movement of Virginia, 1722-34, as shown by the
Virginia Council Journals; Virginia in 1639, abstracts and copies from English Public
Record Office; Virginia Legislative Papers. 1774; Address of Council, 171^ and Resolu-
tions of Burgesses, 1712; Wills, C^enealogies. Notes and Queries, Book Reviews, with sev^
eral illustrations, plans, &c similes, &c., and a full Index. ft M
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The Lower Norfolk County Virginia Antiquary.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME IV. ^^q^^
Land and Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1778 i
St. Paul's Cburcb, Norfolk, 1848 8
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 9
Slave Owners, P. A. Co., 1779 26
Norfolk Academy. 1848 39
Tbe Cburcb in Lower Norfolk County 33
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1850 34
Soap and Candles, 1767 35
Witcbcraft in Virginia * 36
Price of Sugar, 1787 36
Scbools 36
Tbe Marchant Family 39
Princess Anne County Marriages. ^ 40
A Valuable Relic 46
Tbe Owners of Watches, Princess Anne County, 1859 47
Tbe Norfolk and Richmond Steam Boat, 1816. » 49
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 54
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1780 64
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 69
Trinity Cburcb, Portsmouth 72
A List of White Persons and Houses in Princess Anne in March, 1785 75
Undertakers Bill, 1809 *. 75
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, i860 76
Billiards 77
Tbe Church in Cower Norfolk County 78
Marriages Performed by Rev. Smith Sherwood 89
Marriages Performed by Rev. H. J. Chandler 93
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 96
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 100
Duelling 106
Norfolk Schools, 1795 106
The Church in Lower Norfolk County 109
Store Bill, 1753 113
Property Owners, Princess Anne County, 1782 1 14
Large Families in P. A. Co 146
Princess Anne Marriages 147
Tbe Norfolk Academy, 1840. 150
Free and Slave, Norfolk County, 1782 163
Carriage Owners, Princess Anne County, 1852 166
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 169
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 170
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1840 174
Store Bill* 1807 182
Tbe Church in Lower Norfolk County 183
Rev. George Halson 184
An Invitation from General Arnold 186
BaiHmore: Press of tbe Friedenwald Company, 1904.
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FENLAND NOTES AND QUERIES,
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A Quarterly Journal devoted to the Antiquities, Geolog:y, Natural
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OUR ANCESTORS.
THE HISTORY OF FAMILIES OF PITTSYL-
VANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA.
Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the State of Virginia,
and was once even larger, embracing: the territory now known as the
counties of Patrick and Henry. Being incorporated in 1767, Pittsyl-
vania has had an interesting history otits own for 138 years, covering
the turbulent times of the Revolution.
The records and will books of the county are very complete and
thorough, and in a perfect state of preservation, giving a list of all offi-
cers in the early magisterial courts; many rosters of officers and soldiers
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From this county have gone many pioneers of iron nerve, who
settled the vast South and West, and the descendants of these men
would find the records of this county of untold interest.
I am in a position to furnish copies of and data from these records
at a nominal price, and would be pleased to correspond with any one
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Mrs. NATHANIEL E. CLEMENT,
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THE
;VIRGINIA MAGAZINE
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
FUBUSHKD QUARTERLV BY THE
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
RICHMOND, VA,
vol, XIII— No 8. OOTOeeR. l©Oe.
^gf«d M ills romolttcic ai IUoMwmI, V«.« m &wsfm<i^iM% B^Stwt^
WM. EUiS JONES^ PRlKTKli, •Digitized by Google
wff PL truifvXiP ffT.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.
ARCHER ANDERSON, CHAS, V. MEREDITH,
W. JAMES, E. V. VALENTINE,
Rev, W, MEADE CLARK.
eOlTOR OF THE MAOA.ZINE.
WILLIAM G. STANARD.
CONTENTS.
1, Tbt Earl J Westward MoTcmeiit of Virginm,
1721J-1734..„.„ ,,,..,„, „..^.,... 1 13
2* Virgitiia ntifl the Cba-okee*,* ^..f.»^^...*.. 139
3. The Treaty of Lancaster ,,. ,„,.„,„„..„,.. 141-
4. Tbc Treaty of Loj^'s Town.,,.- .«, ,*. 14s^)
5. The Vcstiy Book of Kiog WilUara Pariah, Va.,
1707-1750 .......^ .,•,.,.. 17S
6* Vtrgiiiia Gleanings in Eagland.. ..«..^«oi.........^.. 101
7. Vtrgtnia Militta in the Rcvolntion....... ,......«.,^ 200
8, Historical and Genealogical Not^^s and Qncrics.,*. 209
0, Genealogy .. ., • 216
The MdUory. Wreot and Brooke Families
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TH E
Virginia Magazine
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGllAPHY.
•3
Vol. Xlll. OCTOBER, 1905. No. 2.
THE EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF
VIRGINIA, 1722-1734.
As Shown by the Proceedings of the Colonial Council.
Edited and Annotated by Charles E. Kemper, Washington, D. C.
(continued)
June 17. 1730.
Several T'etitions bein^ this Day offered to the Board
ror leave to take up land on the River Sherando, on the
North West side of the Great Mountains\ Rob't Carter.
Iisqr.. a^'ent for the Proprietors of the Northern Neck, moved
'This and the three succeeding Orders entered on the same day, may
lie fairly considered as fixing the date when the settlement of the
Valley of Virginia commenced. The first legislative recognition of the
country beyond the Blue Ridge appears to have been in 1705, when
the General Assembly of Virginia passed an act for free and open
trade with the Indians, and, among other provisos, it was enacted that
any person who should make discovery of "any town or nation of
Indians, situated or inhabiting to the westward of or between the
Appalatian Mountains." should have for the space of fourteen years
the style right to trade with them. ( Hening's Statutes, Vol. Ill, pp.
468-469.) The language here used, "between the Appalatian Moun-
tains," shows with certainty that the general topography of the Valley
was known as early as 1705. and consequently Governor Spotswood and
his party were not the first while men to enter or look upon that
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114 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
that it might be entered that he, in behalf of the S** Proprietors,
Claimed the land on the S** River Sherrimdo as belonging to
the S^ Proprietors & within the Limits of their grant, & that
it belonged solely to the Proprietors to grant the S** Lands W*'**
region. The main incidents of Spotswood's expedition across the
Blue Ridge are well known, and do not require lengthy mention here.
The party left Germanna, then in Essex, but now in Orange county,
August 29, 1 716. and returned to that place September 10, 1716. They
crossed the mountains through Swift Run Gap, and stopped at the
Shenandoah, in the vicinity of present Elkton, Rockingham county,
Virginia.
This expedition is notable because it was the first organized effort
made by any of the colonies to extend the frontier line beyond the
Appalachian mountains. Governor Spotswood desired to check the
rising power of the French in the West, and also to discover the
sources of the Virginia rivers. He likewise wished to establish friendly
relations with the Indians to the westward. (Spotswood, Official Let-
ters, Vol. III. p. 295.) The only account of this expedition known to
be in existence is contained in the Journal of John Fontaine, which
appears in the work entitled Memoirs of a Huguenot Family, reprinted
in Slaughter's History of St. Mark's Parish, pp. 39-41. It can be fairly
claimed that the history of our western explorations commenced when
Governor Spotswood and his party crossed the Blue Ridge mountains.
Upon this expedition was founded the organization popularly known as
"The Knights of the Golden Horse Shoe," which will be mentioned in
a subsequent note.
The next evidence known to exist concerning the exploration of the
Valley is contained in the petition of Robert Lewis. William L>nn,
Robert Brooke. Jr., James Mills, William Lewis and Beverly Robinson,
bearing date in the year 1727, and addressed to the Governor and
Council, praying for 50,000 acres of land on the Cow Pasture and James
rivers, "lying among the Great North Mountains." (Calendar of Vir-
ginia State Papers, Vol. I, p. 214.) This land was situated within the
limits of present Bath county, Va.
William Lynn, named in this petition, was a brother-in-law of John
Lewis, the pioneer settler of Augusta county, who probably went to
that locality upon information derived from his relative. He was a
physician, resided in l'>edericksburg, Va., and his will was recorded
in Spotsylvania county March 7, 1758. (Spotsylvania County Records,
New York, 1905, pp. 16-17.)
The next reference is also to be found in the Calendar, Vol. I, p. 215.
On October 28, 1728, Colonel Robert Carter tiled a caveat against the
issuing of a patent for 10.000 acres of land to Larkin Chew and others.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 115
Mo'con at his request is entred & then the Board proceeded
to the hearing of the S** Peticons.
On reading at this Board the Peticon of John Van Meter*
setting forth that he is desirous to take up a Tract of Land in
this Colony on the West side of the great Mountains for the
Settlement of himself & eleven children, & also that divers of
his Rela'cons & friends living in the Government of New York
are also desirous to remove with their families & Effects to
Settle in the same place if a sufficient Quantity of Land may
"lying on both sides of Happy Creek, joining on the Great Mountains/*
etc. This stream flows out of Chester's Gap in the Blue Ridge and
enters the Shenandoah immediately below Front Royal, Va.
This protest sounded the first note in the long dispute between
Lord Fairfax and the Crown with reference to the southern boundary
of the Northern Neck. This controversy, which began in 1736, was
finally settled favorably to Fairfax in 17^5. The Rapidan was declared
to be the true southern boundary of his grant in Eastern Virginia, and
the head spring of the Conway river, in present Madison county, was
fixed as the starting point when the Bhie Ridge was reached. The line
was then run a due northwest course to the head spring of the Potomac.
It crossed the main Valley of Virginia about two miles south of New
Market, in present Shenandoah county. This vast domain contained
nearly 6,000,000 acres of the most fertile lands in the colony, and was
the largest landed estate ever owned by a resident of this country.
Colonel Robert Carter, mentioned in this Order, was familiarly
known as "King Carter," because of his great possessions. He was the
agent for many years of the Fairfax estate, and in this way acquired
holdings in Virginia second only to his principal. He filled with great
credit nearly every important office in the colony, was a member of the
Council, and as president of that body acted as Governor during the
interregnum which followed the death of Governor Drj'sdale in 1727.
(Hcning's Statutes, Vol. IV, p. 5; List of Governors; preface.) His
history is so well known that only a passing notice of his career is
required here. He died in 1732, perhaps the foremost man of his day
in Virginia, and many of his posterity have been highly distinguished.
2John Van Meter, here mentioned, was a native of Holland, and set-
tled in or near Rsopus, now Kingston, X. Y., prior to 1700. It is related
by Kercheval that he was an Indian trader and visited the Valley of
Virginia with a company of Delaware Indians, who were on their way
south to fight the Catawbas. The time is said to have been some years
previous to the first white settlement, possibly about 1725. The northern
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116 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
be assigned them for that purpose, & praying that ten thou-
sand acres of Land lying in the fork of Sherrando River,
including the places called by the name of Cedar Lick & Stony
Lick, and running up between the branches of the S'* River
to compleat that Quantity, & twenty thousand acres of the
land not already taken up by Robert Carter & Mann Page,
Esqrs., or any other lying in the fork between the S** River
Sherrando and the River Cahongaroota, & extending thence
to Opeckon & uj) the South Branch thereof, may be assigned
for the Habitacon & Settlem't of himself, his family & friends.
The Governor, with the advice of the Council, is pleased to
give leave to the S'' John Van Meter to take up the S^ first
men'coned Tract of ten thousand acres for the Settlem't of
himself & his family, and that as soon as the petitioner shall
Indians, who were probably a raiding party of the Five Nations, were
defeated with great loss near present Franklin, Pendleton county. West
Virginia, and Van Meter barely escaped with his life. The beauty and
fertility of the country so impressed him that he advised his sons to
secure lands on the South Branch of the Potomac. (Kercheval History
of the J 'alley, 2nd. ed.. 1850, p. 46.) However, the natural objects men-
tioned in this and the succeeding Order show that the Van Meters
first took up lands in the main Valley of Virginia, near Winchester. The
family finally removed to the South Branch of the Potomac and settled
in the present counties of Hampshire and Hardy, W. Va. (See JVest
I'irginia Historical Magazine, Vol. HI. pp. 45-55.) Subsequent Orders
show that this grant was assigned to Jost Hite and his partners in 1731.
The first step to secure land in the Valley of Virginia by due process
of law seems to have been taken by Colonel Robert Carter. On April
20, 1743, William Beverly wrote to Lord Fairfax, who was then in
England, desiring to secure a grant of land on the Shenandoah river.
In describing this land Beverly refers to a tree bearing the initials and
date, "R. C 17-29" He also stated that the land was in the immediate
vicinity of Colonel Carter's grant, and the foregoing initials and date
may be accepted as fixing the time when the first legal survey west of
the Blue Ridge was made, and. in the broad sense of the term, it con-
stitutes Colonel Robert Carter the pioneer of the Valley settlements.
{William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. Ill, pp. 232-233.)
A map in the Library of Congress, entitled ''The Courses of the
Rivers Rappahannock and Futoxvmack, as surveyed according to Order,
in the years 1736 & 173?!' shows Colonel Carter's 50,000 acres on the
west bank of the main Shenandoah river. The grant was in the form
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 117
bring on the last men'coned Tract, twenty Families to inhabit,
or that this Board is satisfied so many are ready to remove,
thither Leave be, & it is hereby, granted him for surveying the
last men'coned Tract of twenty thousand acres within the Lim-
its above described in so many several Dividends as the pet' &
his S** partners shall think fit, and it is further ordered that no
p'son be permitted to enter for or take up any part of the
afs^ I^nd, in the meantime provided the s** Van Meter, his
family & the said twenty other Families of his Rela'cons and
Friends, do settle thereon within the space of two Years, ac-
cording to his proposal.
of a parallelogram. Its courses were from a starting point on the North
Branch of the Shenandoah about midway between present Riverton
and Strasburg, and the line ran nearly due northwest, then northeast,
then southeast, then southwest to the beginning. The southeast line
reached the Shenandoah about opposite Williams' Gap in the Blue
Ridge, then went up the river to Riverton, and followed the North
Branch to the point of departure. This was without doubt the land
sur\'eyed for Colonel Carter in 1729. Colonel Page's land (quantity
not given) is shown on the same map. It was also on the west bank
of the Shenandoah immediately below Colonel Carter's tract. The
courses are practically the same, except that the northeast line ended
at the Potomac a few miles above the site of present Harpers* Ferry.
The land books of the Northern Neck, now in the land office at
Richmond, show a grant to Landon and George Carter, sons of Colonel
Robert Carter, dated September 22, 1730, for 50,212 acres, and this
was the land above described. These two grants lay principally in the
present counties of Frederick, Jefferson and Clarke. Tn this section,
the Carters, Burwells, Pages, and related families, have lived for gen-
erations with credit to their family names, upon lands acquired by
their ancestors in the very infancy of the Valley.
Mann Page, Esq., resided at Rosewell, Gloucester county, Va., and
was influential in the affairs of the colony. The family to which he
belonged has contributed largely to the history of Virginia. The land
which he owned in the Valley was called "Page-Land," in 1744, and the
tract then contained 8,007 acres. He also owned large tracts in Prince
William, Spotsylvania, and other counties. (Hening's Statutes, Vol.
V, pp. 277-284.) He died in 1730, leaving a large personal estate in
addition to his lands. For full information relative to this distinguished
family, see Genealogy of the Page Family iti Virginia, by Richard Chan-
ning Moore Page, M. D.
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118 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Isaac Vannieter, of the Province of West Jersey, having bv
his petition to this Board set forth that he & divers other
German Families are desirous to settle themselves on the
West side of the Great Mountains in this colony, he, the
Petitioner, has been to view the Lands in those parts, & has
discovered a place where such settlement may conveniently
be made, & not yet taken up or possessed by any of the Eng-
lish Inhabitants, & praying that ten thousand acres of Land
lying between the Lands surveyed for Robert Carter, Esqr..
the fork of the Sherundo* River & the River Opeckon in as
many Several Tracts or Dividends as shall be necessary For
the accommodacon & Settlement of ten Families (including
^This river gives name to the Valley of the Shenandoah, which is
the richest and most picturesque section of the great Virginia Valley.
The earliest mention of this stream is contained in the Journal of John
Fontaine, who accompanied Governor Spotswood on the expedition of
1 716. It seems to be certain that this expedition reached the Shenan-
doah in the vicinity of present Elkton, Rockingham county, Va. Fon-
taine says, "We crossed the river, which we called Euphrates.'* (Slaugh-
ter, History of St. Mark's Parish, p. 41.) The next mention of the
river is found in the act establishing Spotsylvania and Brunswick coun-
ties, and there it is referred to simply as "the river on the northwest
side of the high mountains," meaning the Blue Ridge. (Hening, Vol.
IV, p. 77.) Fortunately, its beautiful Indian name in the end prevailed
to serve as a reminder of an almost forgotten race.
The Council Orders, which appear in this issue, give for the first time
to the Shenandoah names which approach the proper form of the word.
Sherendo, Shenando and Sherundo are clearly variants of the same
name. In June, 1730, Robert Beverly, William Beverly and John Corrie
filed a petition to take up 50,000 acres of land lying upon "Shenando
River." (Calendar of Virginia State Papers. Vol. I, p. 216.) In the
Northern Neck grant of September 22, 1730, to Colonel Robert Carter
and Mann Page. Esq., for 50.212 acres, the river is called "Chanandoah
Creek." The early deeds in Orange county, Va., give the river various
names — Gerando, Gerundo, etc. These variations were doubtless due
to the inability of the early pioneers to understand the Indian pro-
nunciation. Shenandoah, as stated above, is an Indian name, and the
evidence indicates that it was so called by the Oneida tribe of the Five
Nations. There died at Oneida Castle, in western New York, March
II, 1816, a celebrated Indian chief, whose name was Shenandoa. His
reputed age was no years. His name was also spelled Skenandoah, the
letter k in this spelling probably being a misprint. (Schoolcraft, Arch-
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 119
his own), which he proposes to bring on the s** Land. The
Governor, with the advice of the Council, is pleas'd to order
as it is hereby Ordered that the s^ Isaac V'anmeter, for himself
& his Partners, have Leave to take up the s** Quantity of ten
thousand acres of Land within the Limits above described, &
that if he brings the above number of Families to dwell there
within two years Patents be granted him & them for the same
in Such Several Tracts & Dividends as they shall think Fit, &
in the meantime that the same be reserved Free from the entry
of any other p'son.
ires of ."Iborigitial Knowledge, Philadelphia, i860. Vol. VI, p. 136;
Idem, Vol. V, p. 517)
Various meanings have been given to Shenandoah. The old tradi-
tion among those who have lived upon and near the stream is that it
signifies, in the Indian tongue, "Daughter of the Stars." A recent
writer gives it a more poetic version, "Shining Daughter of the Spark-
ling Stars." and advances the theory that perhaps the name was in-
vented to account for the somewhat mythical Senedo tribe which
Kercheval and others relate h'ved in the lower Valley. This writer aUo
states that the nan^eis a corruption of the Iroquoian word "Tyonondoa,"
which means literally, "In that place there is a high range of moun-
tains." (Fowke, Archaeological Investigations in James and Potomac
J 'alleys. Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, 1894,
pp. 72-73.) It is the judgment of the writer, who is a native of the
section in question, that the author last quoted is mistaken in all of his
conclusions, except that Shenandoah is an Iroquoian name. Whatever
its signification may be, the fact remains that it bears the name of an
Oneida chieftain. Probably the river was not named for this particular
individual, but that it is a word contained in the language of his tribe
is beyond controversy, and better evidence of its origin cannot l^^
oflfered.
The relationship of Isaac to John Van Meter is not definitely known,
but the latter is believed to have been the father. The family removed
from Ulster copnty, N. Y., to Salim. N. J., in 1714, but John Van
Meter is believed to have returned 10 New York before undertaking
his venture in Virginia, mentioned in the preceding note. (IVest Vir-
ginia Historical Magazine, Vol. Ill, pp. 48-50.) A subsequent Council
Order shows that the Van Meter lands were assigned to Jost Hite and
his associates. (See, also, Re^'ised Code of Virginia, 1818, Vol. II, p.
346.) The Van Meter grants lay between Cedar Creek and Winchester,
within the limits of present Frederick county, Va.
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120 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Whereas Jacob Stover*, a Native of Switzerland, hath by his
Peticon made humble Suit to this Board for Leave to take up
ten thousand acres of Land on the West Side [of J the great
Mountains, and on the Second fork of Sherundo River, on
both sides of the Branches thereof, for the settlement of him-
*This Order introduces to history one of the most unique characters
connected with the early settlement of the Shenandoah Valley, and for
the first time the place of his nativity is disclosed. Jacob Stover was,
in one sense, an enterprising man, but his land transactions were
tainted with fraud, and as a consequence a problem has been left to
history concerning the place of the first actual settlement by the whites
in this section, which can only b^ solved by the closest research.
The lands mentioned in this Order were actually granted to him
by two deeds bearing date December 15, 1733, each for 5,000 acres.
This fact is disclosed by the deeds themselves, which are recorded in
the land office at Richmond. One tract was situated on the Shenandoah
about four miles below the present site of Port Republic, and embraced
the fine estates owned in more recent years by the Weaver, Strayer,
and Lewis families. By deed dated June 25, 1740, Jacob Stover con-
veyed 3,100 acres of this land to Christopher Francisco, the elder, oC
Lancaster county, Pa., who was likewise a native of Switzerland. Deeds
from Francisco to Thomas Lewis and Gabriel Jones, recorded at
Staunton, Va., fix the location of the upper grant to Stover beyond dis-
pute. The location of the lower grant is still uncertain, but the proba-
bilities seem to be that it was in the present county of Page, on Hawks-
bill creek, near the present town of Luray.
The Indian name of this locality was Massanutton, and here, the
weight of evidence indicates, was made the first permanent white settle-
ment in the Valley of Virginia. The question is involved, but may be
stated as follows: The grants to Stover were finally made under the
head-right act, which gave fifty acres of land for each person imported
into the colony. This is evidenced by the fact that in each of the grants
to him the names of 100 persons are given, comprised in five family
names, which makes twenty persons in each family. With possibly two
exceptions, these names were fictitious, and Stover was clearly guilty
of fraud in this transaction. The persons named were not settled upon
the land, and it is related that he gave human names to his cows, dogs,
and hogs, in order to comply with the law. (Kercheval, History of the
Valley, 2nd ed., 1850, pp. 41-42.) In the Calendar, Vol. I, pp. 219-220,
appears the petition of Adam Mueller (Miller) and other Germans rela-
tive to certain lands which they had purchased "about four years past,"
from one Jacob Stover, for which they had paid "upwards of 400
pounds," and the land was "known by the name of Massanutting.'*
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 121
self & divers Germans & Swiss Families, his Associates, whom
he proposes to bring thither to dwell in two years space. It
is Ordered by the Governour, with the advice of the Council,
that ten thousand acres of Land lying within the bounds above
The petition recites that they had purchased this land in good faith
from Stover, believing his title to be valid; that they were not privy
to any fraud perpetrated by him in securing the land which was then
being claimed by William Beverly, Gent., who was suing Stover in the
General Court to recover it. The latter was described as being "very
poor and daily expected to run away." The petitioners alleged the
foregoing facts as equitaWe reasons why their purchase from Stover
should be confirmed to them. They came from Lancaster county, Pa.,
and their names, with the exception of Miller's, are incorrectly given
in the Calendar, soijie being represented as illegible. The original peti-
tion is still in existence, on file in the State Library at Richmond. A
recent examination of this paper shows the names of the petitioners
to have been Adam Mueller (Miller), Abram Strickler, Mathias Selzer,
Philip Lang (Long), Paul Lung (Long), Michael Rinehart, Hans
(John) Rood, and Michael Kaufman. Unfortunately, the petition is
not dated, although the Calendar assigns to it the year 1733.
Bearing in mind the averment in the petition that these pioneers had
settled at "Massanutting" about four years prior to the actual date of
the paper, external evidence must be sought to fix its date, anjd conse-
quently the year when their settlement was made. On pp. 217-218 of
the Calendar (Vol. I), is a letter from William Beverly to some person
whose name is not given, but probably his attorney. This letter is
dated April 30, 1732, and states that he desires to obtain an Order of
Council "for 15,000 acres of* land lying on both sides of ye main river
of Shenandoah, to include an old field known by ye name of Massanut-
ting Town." Beverly stated that he did not wish to supplant any one
else, and requested that the Council office be searched to ascertain if
there was an Order in force granting this land to other persons. He
also stated that "ye northern men are fond of buying land there,*'
because they could get it cheaper than in Pennsylvania, which averment
is positive proof that immigrants from that colony were settling on the
South Branch 6i the Shenandoah in the Page Valley, prior to April
30, 1732, the date of Beverly's letter.
A Council Order bearing date May 5, 1732, which will appear in
chronological sequence, shows that to William Beverly, Gent, was
granted "fifteen thousand acres on the North West Side of Sherundo
River, including a place called Massanutting Town, provided the same
do not interfere with any of the Tracts already granted in that part
of the Colony." Another Council Order, bearing date December 12,
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122 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Described be assigned the Petitioner to be laid of [f] in Such
Tracts as he shall think Fit for the accomodacon of himself
& his Partners, provided that one Family for each Thousand
acres do come to inhabit there within the time proposed, And
1733, shows that a caveat filed by William Beverly against Jacob Stover
concerning lands, was dismissed, and grants were ordered to be issued
to the latter, which was done December 15, 1733, as above stated. From
the foregoing statement of facts, the conclusions inevitably follow that
the land bought by these Germans was identical with the lands men-
tioned in Beverly's letter of April 30, 1732, and that granted to him by
Council Order of May 5, 1732. which both of these Orders located at
Massanutton, where the petitioners lived ; that it was the same land
mentioned in the Order of December 12, 1733, dismissing Beverly's
caveat against Stover and granting the latter two tracts of 5,000 acres
each on the Shenandoah ; that the petition of the Germans must have
been filed before the termination of these legal proceedings, which gives
the petition date some time in 1733; and finally, that they had settled
at Massanutton about four years prior to the latter date, which would
place them there in 1729 or 1730, most probably the latter year, when
the Council Order for 10,000 acres to Stover was passed.
There is, however, some evidence which points to a later date for
the Massanutton settlement, and it will be stated in order that future
investigators may be in full possession of all the facts. The original
papers in the chancery cause of Stone vs. Stover are on file in the old
records of Orange County Court. This suit was brought by Ludowick
Stone against Jacob Stover April 25. 1737, and the bill recites that some
time in or about the year 1734^ the complainant and his partners, then
residing in Pennsylvania, had purchased 5,000 acres of land from the
defendant, who conveyed 4,000 acres of the tract, but refused to execute
a conveyance of the remaining 1,000 acres to Philip Lung (Long),
according to agreement ; that Stover had executed his bond in the penal
sum of 500 pounds to convey the full quantity of land, but while com-
plainant was absent in Pennsylvania the defendant had persuaded Abram
Strickler, in whose possession the bond had been left, to surrender the
same, and Stover then refused to carry out his contract, and Stone
commenced the suit for specific performance. Stover answered various
interrogatories propounded in the bill. He set up several defenses, but
admitted all the material allegations. He gave the names of Stone*s
partners as follows: Abram Strickler, Mathias Selzer, Frederick Stone,
John Brupecker {Brubaker), and John Stickly. He also stated that
the consideration to be paid for the land was 230 pounds, and the
quantity which they were to receive was 3. too acres. This suit was
dismissed June 23, 1737. A counter suit was brought by Stover against
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 123
in the meantime that no P'son be permitted to enter for or take
the same other than the Pef^ & his Associates.
Sundry Peticons for takmg up Wast Lands were read &
granted as follows, (Viz.):
To Wm. Beverly" 12,000 acres of Land in Spotsilvania
Stone and his associates, the papers of which could not be found. It
was dismissed March 23. 1738. The land records of Orange county.
Va., show that by four deeds, bearing date December 15, 1735, Stover
had conveyed to all the foregoing parties, except Stickly, 3,100 acres of
land, which fact sustains, to that extent, his answer.
These particulars are stated at length in order to differentiate the
colonists who filed their petition in 1733 from Stone and his associates.
The lands of both colonies lay in the Massanutton district, a term
applied to the entire Page Valley, but the difference in the names of
the persons composing the two colonies seems sufficient to prove that
they were not one and the same, when considered in connection with
the difference in price paid by them for their lands. Of the eight peti-
tioners of 1733, the names of only three appear in the papers of Stone
vs. Stover — Abram Strickler, Mathias Selzcr, and Philip Long. Both
colonies came from Lancaster county. Pa., and the connection between
them was probably close. But all the facts stated above lead to the
conclusion that the petitioners of 1733 made their settlement on the
Shenandoah in the neighborhood of present Luray in the summer of
1730, and therefore was the first permanent white settlement west of
the Blue Ridge.
Jacob Stover died in Orange county, Va., in 1741, his son Jacob
qualifying as his administrator. The Christian name of his wife was
Ruth. A recital in a deed from him to Peter Bowman in 1736, recorded
at Orange, Va., shows that he was living at that time on the South
Branch of the Shenandoah.
"William Beverly, mentioned in this Order, was actively engaged in
the early development of the Shenandoah Valley. He was a native of
Essex county, Va., the son of Robert Beverly, the Virginia Historian,
and occupied a prominent position in the public affairs of the colony.
In 1736 he received, with others, a grant of 118,000 acres of land in the
present county of Augusta, then Orange. The city of Staunton is
situated within the bounds of Beverly's Manor, as the grant was termed.
A letter written by Colonel Beverly, August 8, 1737, to Captain James
Patton at Kircubright, Scotland, shows that they were then endeavor-
ing to induce immigrants from the north of Ireland, and, if necessary,
from Pennsylvania, to settle on these Valley lands. Tn this they were
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124 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
County, on Fox River Cannon's Rivers, by the Branches of
Elk River, red Oak Mountains & foot of the great Moun-
taine.
July 9, 1730.
On reading at this Board a memorial of Coll. Spotswood.
late Lieut. Governor of Virginia, setting forth that in the
year 1722, at the Instance of both Houses of Assembly, he
undertook a Journev of upwards of twelve hundred Miles to
treat with the Northern Indians* at Albany [and] at Conestogo
that upon his representing to the House of Burgesses how
highly successful, and to them is largely due the fact that the present
counties of Augusta and Rockbridge were peopled by the Scotch-Irish
race. (William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. Ill, p. 226.) Many
of Beverly's deeds to, these early settlers are recorded at Orange, Va.,
the first being to John Lewis for 2,071 acres. It bears date February 20,
1738. (Peyton History of Augusta county, 1882, p. 327.) Colonel
Lewis, however, had settled near the present site of Staunton in 1732.
The land mentioned in this Order was situated in the present county
of Culpeper, then a part of Spotsylvania. Cannon's river was an early
name for the Rappahannock, and is so called on maps of the Northern
Neck, 1736-37, referred to in a previous note.
•This Order has reference to the Treaty of Albany (1722),
of which mention was made in the April number of the maga-
zine. A subsequent Order shows that the Governor's just claim for
expenses was finally paid, and also discloses the fact that he was
superseded in his office by Governor Drysdale while absent on this
important mission. The negotiation of this treaty seems to have been
his last official act. It was among the most notable of his many bene-
ficial achievements for the colony, because it ended the ancient warfare
between the Five Nations and the tributary Indians of Virginia, al-
though it failed to stop the strife of more than a century between the
former tribes and the Catawbas, as has been shown.
While at Albany, Governor Spotswood determined to conclude a
treaty at Conestoga with the Indians, subject to the jurisdiction of
Pennsylvania, and made preparations to do so. Governor Hamilton of
that colony, who was also present at Albany, communicated Governor
Spotswood's purpose to his Council, which passed a resolution declaring
the proposed conference to be undesirable. (Minutes of the Provincial
Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. Ill, p. 202.) This accounts for the
language of the Order, "At Albany [and at] Conestoga."
The report of the proceedings at the Treaty of Albany shows that
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 125
the King's Revenue, given for the support of the Govern-
m*t, was that year so burthened with Extraordinary charges
that it would hardly be able to bear the Expense of the in-
tended Treaty without some assistance from them, they gave
one Thousand pounds for that service, which sum fell short
of the Expenses more than six hundred pounds, & which ex-
ceedings Governour Drysdale promised to lay before the next
assembly, but nothing being done in that behalf, he applyed
by a peticon in England for a reimbursement of the s* ex-
penses, but was answered that he should nrst apply to the
Governm't here for the same that before hs arrival in this
colony his atty. had given in that Claim to the House of Bur-
gesses, that the House had thereupon came to a Resolution
which doth not regret the charge, but only declares that they
have already paid as far as they had engaged to assist the Reve-
nue & adding divers Reasons why he conceived his said claim
Governor Spotswood closed the conference by making an address to
the Indian deputies of the Six Nations. The following is the literal lan-
guage used by the reporter of the proceedings, italics included : "Then
the Governor told them he must take particular notice of their Speaker
& gave him a golden Horse Shoe, which he wore at his Breast, & bid
the Interpreter tell him there was an inscription upon [it] which Signi-
fied that it would help to pass over the mountains, and that when any
of their people should come to Virginia with a pass they should bring
it with them." (Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the
State of Neiv York, Albany, 1855, Vol. V, p. 677.)
The foregoing was delivered at Albany on Septeml>er 12, 1722, and
is the positive evidence of Governor Spotswood himself that such an
organization as the "Knights of the Golden Horse Shoe" was formed
to commemorate the expedition of 1716. The language used also proves
that history and tradition have rightly handed down the motto of the
"Horse Shoe Knights," *'Sic juvat transcendere monies"— Thus it is a
pleasure to cross the mountains. (Hugh Jones, Present State of Vir-
ginia, London, 1724, p. 14; quoted by Fiske in Old Virginia And Her
Seighbors, Vol. II, p. 386.)
Governor Spotswood was addressed by the Five Nations, at Albany,
as "Assarigoe," the name given to the Governors of Virginia by the
Iroquois. It was first applied to Lord Howard of Effingham at the
Albany Conference of 1684. and signified a cutlass or scimetar. (AVit-
York Documents, Vol. V, p. 670.)
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126 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
to be a Debt which this Governni't ought in Honour & Justice
to see discharged, the Council took the s** Memorial into con-
sideracon, and are thereupon of Opinion that tho' it is reason-
able that Coll. Spotswood should be paid all necessary Dis-
bursements expended by him for the service of the Govern-
ment, yet the Services mencon'd in his said Memorial having
been performed Eight years ago, and no Demand for the
charges thereof made till now, it is fit to wait for Directions
from great Britain before any Determinacon thereof here &
to that purpose that the Governour be pleas'd to represent
the Case to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's Treas-
ury & Lords Commissioners of Trade & plantacons & to trans-
mit a copy of Coll. Spots wood's Memorial, and of the account
exhibited by him to the House of Burgesses, requiring their
Lordships directions thereon.
Oct. 28, 1730.
Whether his Majesty, by order of his Privy Council, bear-
ing date the 19th day of Xov'r, 1729, was graciously pleas'd
to declare his pleasure that the remission of Rights formerly
granted to the [patentees] of Lands in the counties of Bruns-
wick & Spotsilvania should be extended to all [other tracts of]
Land not exceeding six thousand acres in the said county of
Spotsilvania; [and whereas] divers P'sons entitled to his
Majesty's bounty have purchased the Rig/^ts [to the tracts of]
lands granted them by Patent, & have n^vv made application
for repayment of tlie same. It is Ordered that for all Tracts
of Lands taken up under the Encouragement of Remission of
Rights for (from) the first day of May, 1721, to the first of
May, 1728, and for which Rights have been purchased by hi;>
Majesty's Receiver Gen'l, the like number of Rights be re-
turned to the said Patentees, so as the quantity of Land for
which the same are to be return'd not do exceed six thousand
acres and the officers of his Majesties Revenue are hereby
empower 'd to deliver out- Rights accordingly to such P'sons
as are eiititul'd thereto.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. Vzl
Alexander Ross & Morgan Bryan^ of the province of Pen-
silvania, having by their petition to this board set forth that
they & divers other Families of the s* Province, amounting to
one hundred, are desirous to remove from thence & settle
themselves in the [this?] Government, & praying that 100,000
acres of land lying on the West and North side of the River
Opeckon, and extending thence to a mountain called the North
Mountain & along the River Cohangaruton & on any part of
the River Sherundo not already granted to any other P'son,
may be granted them in as many Tracts or Dividends as shall
be necessary for the accomodacon of the afs^ Number of fam-
ilies. The Governour, with the advice of the Council, is
pleased to order as it is hereby Ordered that the said Alex-
ander Ross & Morgan Bryan, the Petitioners in behalf at
— 1
'Alexander Ross and Morgan Bryan founded upon this grant a
colony of Friends, which flourished for many years in Frederick
county, Va. Ross, the leader in that movement, was a native of Ireland,
and came to America about the beginning of the i8th century, first
settling in Chester county, Pa., but later his home was in Cecil county,
Md. In 1732 he sold his possessions there and removed to the present
county of Frederick, Va., with Josiah Ballenger, James Wright, Evan
Thomas, and others. They formed Hopewell Monthly Meeting, which
church is five miles north of Winchester, on the Opequon river. The
records of Nottingham Monthly Meeting, which church is in the present
county of Cecil, Md., indicate that the Hopewell congregation was
formed in 1734. and therefore was probably the first church organiza-
tion of any denomination in the Valley of Virginia.
Of Morgan Bryan little is definitely known. He obtained several
grants of land in the vicinity of Winchester, which bear date November
i^. 1735- The Council Order upon which these grants issued is recited
as bearing date April 23, 1735, and indicates that the present Order had
l>een renewed, probably because Ross and Bryan had not been able to
settle the requisite number of families upon the land within the required
time. The Virginia land records at Richmond contain the names of
many Friends who obtained grants in the neighborhood of Winchester
at this period. All of these grants bear the same date, November 12,
1735. The writer is indebted to Mr. Kirk Brown, of Baltimore, Md., for
valuable information concerning the settlement of Friends in Frederick
county. (See also his article entitled "Early Settlement of Friends in
the Valley of Virginia," li'est Virginia Historical Magacine, Vol. Ill,
PP- 55-59 )
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128 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
themselves and their partners have liberty to take up the said
quantity of 100,000 acres of Land within the Limits above de-
scribed, and that upon the above number of families coming
to dwell there within two years Patents shall be granted them
in such manner as they shall agre to divide the same, and
in the mean time it is Ordered that the said lands be reserved
free for [from] the Entring of any other P'son.
Upon presenting the aforemencond Petition R^ Carter, Esqr ,
agent for the proprietor of the Northern Neck, desired that it
might be here Entred that he, in behalf of the said Proprietor,
claimed the said land now peticoned for as within th^ limits
of the said proprietor's Grant*.
Nov. 4, 1730.
Whereas divers p'sons have taken out patents for great
Tracts of Land in Spotsilvania County, for which they pur-
chased no Rights, but gave bond for the payment thereof
when his Majesty's pleasure should be known, and his Ma-
jesty having now signified his pleasure for omitting the Rights
^This Order shows that Colonel Robert Carter was vigilant in guard-
ing the interests of Lord Fairfax, whose lands were being rapidly
granted by the Crown.
In this connection the fact is worthy of historical preservation that
the first organized efforts to colonize the Valley of Virginia were
largely made by men of English .descent, whose homes were in Tide-
water Virginia, near Chesapeake Bay. Colonel Carter lived in Lan-
caster; Mann Page in Gloucester; William Beverly in Essex; John
Robinson in Essex; and Joseph Smith in King and Queen. This list
could be extended and made to include nearly every man bearing an
English name who was granted lands in the Valley of Virginia during
the period covered by these Council Orders. It is true that the actual
settlement of the country was made by men who belonged either to the
German or the Scotch-Irish race, and they were the people who laid
the foundations of organized society there and suffered the privations
and perils of frontier life, and to them must be accorded the credit of a
great accomplishment. In doing so, however, it should not be forgotten
that the leaders in the movement were Tidewater Virginians whose
keen foresight led them across the still vacant lands of Piedmont Vir-
ginia to the richer country beyond the Blue Ridge.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 129
[due Upon grant not exceeding] 6,000 acres, to each Patentee,
It is therefore Ordered that the Officers of his Majesty's Reve-
nue do demand of the several Patentees holding larg [er]
quantities than six thousand Acres, the money due to his
Majesty for the Rights of such surplus Land, &, upon refusal
of such payment, to cause their Bonds to be put in Suit.
Upon peticon of William Beverley, Joseph Smith & Joseph
Clapham, Gent. : leave is granted them to take up twenty thou-
sand acres of Land upon Cohohgaratoon [Potomac river], be-
ginning at the Mouth of Conecachigh [Conacocheague] River,
and up both sides thereof along the Bank of Conhongaratoon'
to include that quantity.
On the Peticon of Aug. More [Moore] & John Robinson.
Gent,*® leave is granted them to take up thirty thousand acres
"Cohongoronta was the Iroquian name for the Potomac river west
of the Blue Ridge. The word is spelled in various ways by different
authorities, but the above is given in the official proceedings of the
Treaty of Lancaster and may be accepted as authoritative.
The map entitled "The Courses of the River Rappahannock and Pato-
mac in Virginia, etc., in jy$6 & 1737," to which reference has been made,
shows two Shawnee villages on this stream, both marked "Deserted."
One was opposite the mouth of the South Branch of the Potomac; the
other about fifteen miles further up the main stream, and both were
on the northern bank. "The Waggon Road to Philadelphia" is also
shown, apparently crossing the Potomac at Williamsport, Md., and this
was probably the Yadkin river road to Philadelphia, mentioned in the
last issue of the magazine. This is the earliest reference to a road in
the Valley of Virginia, and it is probable that the great tide of German
and Scotch-Irish immigration, which was then sweeping into Virginia
from Pennsylvania, crossed the Potomac at the site of present Wil-
liamsport, Md..
'^The wording of this order indicates that the boundary line between
Maryland and Virginia was not clearly defined at this period. The
lands embraced in this grant were certainly north of the Potomac,
because the Antietam and Conacocheague flow into that stream from
the Maryland side. A subsequent Order shows that a doubt existed
2
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130 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of Land upon the River Cohong^ratoon, beginning at the
mouth of Andirton [Antietam] River, & extending to within
three Miles of the mouth of Conecakigh River.
Joseph Smith, Gent., having peticoned for twenty thousand
acres of Land lying on the North side of the River Opeckon.
It is Ordered that the s* Peticon be refer'd until tJie return
of Alexander Ross & Morgan Bryan & their Partners from
Pensilvania, in order to discover whether the Lands men-
coned in the s** peticon interfere with the Land granted to
them.
June lo, 1 73 1.
On reading at this Board the peticon of Will" Beverly, of
the County of Essex, Gent. : Joseph Smith, of the County of
King & Queen, Gent., Joseph Clapham, Tho* Watkins & Simon
Jeffries setting forth that they are desirous to take up & seat
in the minds of the Virginia Council as to the propriety of grantin«r
lands north of the Potomac. Disputes have arisen from time to time
between the two States concerning the boundary line as defined by the
Potomac, but these controversies occurred at a much later tifne and do
not concern the history of this period.
John Robinson, Gent, mentioned in this Order, was doubtless Hon.
John Robinson, a member of the Virpinia Council, President of that
body for a time after the retirement of Governor Gooch, and as such
Acting Governor of Virginia. His son, Beverly Robinson, married
Susanna Phillips, of New York, one of the ladies to whom tradition
assigns the honor of having refused the hand of General Washington.
By his wife, Beverly Robinson acquired a great estate in New York,
and removed to that colony. At the beginning of the Revolution he
was inclined to the popular cause, but the importunity of friends over-
ruled his better judgment and he finally cast his fortunes with the
Crown. He raised The Loyal American Regiment and saw much active
service. His five sons were also officers in the British service. Two
of his cousins, Christopher and Robert Robinson, of Virginia, also
served as officers in his regiment. All of them were gallant and meri-
torious soldiers, and they constitute the most distinguished family
group of Loyalists in the Revolution. (Sabine, Loyalists of the Ameri-
can Revolution, Boston, 1864, Vol. II, pp. 221-229.)
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 131
a large Tract of Land beyond the Mountains within this Do-
minion, upon the same Terms & Conditions as Lands have
been granted to John & Isaac Van Meter, Morgan Bryan &
others, and praying a grant of twenty thousand acres of Land
lying Westerly of the blew [Blue] Ridge of Mountains in
the main fork of Opeckon" & up the Northern Branch in fork
thereof to its head, & from thence to Conai als, the lost River,
& up the Southerly side thereof for the Northerly bounds of
the s^ Tract, & for the Southerly bounds to run up the south-
em branch of the said fork of Opeckon to the head thereof,
and from thence to Cedar Creek, which issues out of the North-
em branch or fork of Sherundo River, thence up the South -
em side of the said Creek & the most Southerly Branches
thereof to its head, & from thence westernly to a branch of the
afs* River Canai. or the lost River. It is Ordered that the
pet" have leave to take up the afs* quantity of twenty thousand
acfes of Land within the bounds above described, not being
^'Tt is difficult to locate with exactness the lands mentioned
in this Order, because the descriptions are somewhat vague.
However, it is certain that the grant was partfy in the southwestern
portion of present Frederick and the northwestern portion of
present Shenandoah counties. The headquarters of Cedar and Stony
creeks approach closely in that section, and this fact makes the identifi-
cation almost certain. The boundary lines also carry this grant across
the North Mountains to the headwaters of Capon river. "Conai," or
Lost river, here mentioned, is the upper course of present Capon
river, which in early times was called Cacapchon, doubtless an Indian
name. It rises in Hardy county. W. Va.. and flows in a northeasterly
direction. The present name is derived from the fact that in one por-
tion of its course it flows under a mountain for a distance of three
miles. Washington sur\'eyed lands on this stream in 1748-1750. and his
field notes show a sectional view of Lost river flowing under the
mountain. (Washington's Journal of My Journey Over the Mountains,
1747-48, Albany, N. Y., 1894, facing p. 73.)
In Mr. Mooney's valuable work, which has been frequently quoted
in these notes, reference is made, on page 22, to the tribes which the
Iroquois declared at the Treaty of Lancaster (1744) they had conquered
in the country west of the Blue Ridge, and suggests in an interrogative
way that one of them, the Cahnowas-Ronow, may have been the Conoy
Indians. The name Conai, or Canai, as given in these notes, suggests
that possibly this stream may have perpetuated for a time the name
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132 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
already granted to any other person. Upon condicon, neverthe-
less, that the pet" do within two years from the Date of the
P*sent Order bringing twenty families to inhabit the said
Tract or otherwise, this P'sent grant to be void, and it is
further Ordered that as soon as the pet" shall have settled the
said Land with twenty Families a Patent be granted to them
for the same upon the like Reservacon of Quit Rents & con-
dition of seating and planting as other Lands held of his Ma-
jesty within this Dominion.
June lo, 1731.
On the petition of John Fishback. Jacob Holtzclow." Henry
and place of residence of a tribe once identified with Appalachian Vir-
ginia.
In 1763 the Conoy Indians were living with the Iroquois in western
New York. Sir William Johnson, of New York, in a letter to Arthur
Lee, Esq.. of Virginia, dated February 28, 1771, gives some interesting
statistics of the Iroquois and western Indians. He places in one group
four tribes, among them the Conoys. The aggregate strength of these
four tribes was then only 200 souls, and he says they were "a people
removed from the southward and settled on and about the Susque-
hanna on lands allotted to the Six Nations." (Stone, Life of Sir Wil-
liam Johnson, Bari., Albany, 1865, Vol. II, p. 487.)
i2John Fishback and Jacob Holtzclaw were members of the first
colony which settled at Germanna in 1714. (Genealogy of the Kemper
Family, Chicago, 1899, pp. 5-53.) The other persons named in this
Order were probably members of the colony of 1717, who went to the
Robinson river section in 1724-1725. John Fishback. by his will dated
March 11. 1733, and probated in Prince William county, Va.. March iq,
1734, devised to his son. Frederick Fishback. 120 acres of land **on the.
southeast side of thanadore. on Curter line." This will was written by
a German, whose knowledge of English seems to have been imperfect,
and in the quotation given "thanadore" means Shenandoah, and
"Curter" is intended for Carter. The ownership by John Fishback of
land on the Shenandoah adjoining the Carter grant, fixes the location
">f this tract in the vicinity of Front Royal, at which place the North
and South branches of that stream unite. The recital in the Order that
the tract was "above the Land of Jacob Sover and his Partners," 13
clearly an error, and belozv is intended. 1. c'.. down the river from the
lower grant of 5.000 acres to Jacob Stover, which a previous note shows
was in the vicinity of present Luray, Va. What steps, if any, were
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 188
Settler, Jacob Senzaback, Peter Reid, Michael Shower, John
\'andehouse, George Wolf, Wm. Carpenter & John Richlu in
behalf of themselves and other German Protestants for leave
to take up fifty thousand acres of Land on the Westerly side
of the great Mountains. It is Of-dered that Leave be granted
the pet" to take up the said Quantity of Land on the East side
the second fork of the River Sherundo & running up that
fork & crossing the Neck of the s** fork above the Land of
Jacob Stover & his Partners upon Condicon that the Peti-
tioners do within two years from this date bring fifty Fam-
ilies to inhabit the s^ land. Otherwise, this present Grant to
be void, and if, upon their performing the s** Condicon, Pat-
ents be granted them for the S"* Land, under the same Condi-
cons of Cultivation & planting and paym't of Quit Rents as
the I^nds held of his Majesty within this Dominion.
Oct. 21, 1731.
On the peticon of Rob't McKay & Joost Heyd^**, of the
taken to colonize this land, are not known to the writer. The next
succeeding Order seems to indicate that the grant was assigned to
McKay and Hite, but John Fishback was still owning land on the
Shenandoah in 1734, as shown above. McKay and Hitc also seem to
have had designs upon both of Stover's grants previously mentioned,
but did not obtain them. However, Stover may have been one of the
*'German Protestants'* mentioned in this Order, whose names are not
recited.
*2This Order contains the first mention of Jost Hite, who
was among the earliest settlers in the Valley of Virginia. Frequent
mention will be made of him in the course of these notes. Upon the
authority of Kercheval, who wrote more than a hundred years after
the date of this Order, the claim has been persistently made that Hite
was the first white settler in the Valley of Virginia. (Kercheval, p. 41.)
That such was not the case is clearly demonstrated by the naturaliza-
tion papers of Adam Miller, who settled on the Shenandoah in 1726 or
1727. Oyiliiam and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. IX, p. 132.)
According to Kercheval, Hite came to the Valley in 1732, and settled
on the Opequon, about five miles south of Winchester. In 1748 he was
living on Cedar creek, in the vicinity of Strasburg. {Virginia Maga-
cine. Vol. XI, p. 288.) His entire family, including sons-in-law, came
with him to Virginia. They were active in developing the country, and
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134 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Province of Pensilvania, setting forth that they & divers other
Families to the number of one hundred are desirous to re-
move from thence & Seat themselves on the back of the great
Mountains within this Colony, & praying that one hundred
thousand acres of Land lying between the Line of the Land
granted to John Vanmeter, Jacob Stover, John Fishback &,
others may be assigned them, and that the Residue of the s*^
hundred thousand acres may be assigned upon & including the
several Branches of Sherundo River, above the Land of the
said Stover & Fishback and his Partners. The Governor,
with the advice of the Council, is pleas'd to order, as it is
hereby Ordered, that the pet™, in behalf of themselves & their
Partners, have leave to take up the S** Quantity of 100,000
acres of Land within the Limits above described, & that upon
the above Number of Families coming to dwell there within
two Years, Patents shall be granted them in such manner
as they shall agree to divide the same.
November 2, 1731.
Whereas by his Majesties Instructions to the Governour of
this Dominion a Mapp of this Colony hath been required to
be prepared & transmitted to his Majesty for the better com-
plying with his Majesty's Commands. It is resolved that John
Robinson, Esqr., be, & he is hereby, appointed to have the
Direction and Care of preparing a General Map" of this Col-
brought in many families from Pennsylvania. The lands which he
acquired in the lower Valley became the subject of long litigation
between him and Lord Fairfax, which was not ended until after the
close of the Revolution. Jost Hite was born in Strasburg, Germany,
and probably called the town of that name in present Shenandoah
county for his native city. He died in 1760, and has left a numerous
and highly respectable posterity. (See IVest Virginia Historical Maga-
zine, Vol III, pp. fjg-iig.)
^^It is a distinct loss to history that no copy of this map,
if prepared, is known to be in existence. The maps cited in pre-
vious notes, showing the Northern Neck grant, seem to l)e all which arc
in any degree contemporaneous with this period. The Fry and Jeffer-
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 135
ony from the Sea to the utmost extent thereof now inhabited,
& that as Soon as conveniently may be he lay before this
Board a Scheme for the better accomplishing this Work, to-
gether with a Computacon of the Expence thereof.
Nov. 4, 1 73 1.
Whereas John Robinson, Esqr., is appointed to have the
Care & Direction of Surveying & preparing a Gen* Mapp of
this Colony, It is Ordered that for his Trouble therein he be
allowed the Salary of one hundred & fifty pounds Sterl. P.
Annum, to commence from the 25th of 8**^ [ ?] last, & that the
same be paid out of his Majesty's Revenue of 2 s. p. hhd.
Dec. 15, 1731.
Sundry Peticons for Land were read & granted as follows :
To Charles Chriswell" 5,000 [acres] on the branches of the
Robinson & adjoining to the Land taken up by the Germafis
in Spotsilvania County.
April 18, 1732.
On reading at this Board a Lr'e [letter] from Rip Van Dam.
Esqr., President of his Majesty's Province of New York^*, de-
son Map of r75i is the best colonial map of Virginia. The reader is
referred to Phillips* Virginia Cartography, Smithsonian Institution,
1896, for further information relative to the ancient maps of Virginia,
most of which are to be found in the Library of Congress.
i*This was probably Charles Chi swell, a resident of Hanover county,
Va., in 1727. (Calendar of Virginia State Papers, Vol. I, p. 210.)
He probably owned the iron works in Spotsylvania county, mentioned
by Schnell, the Moravian missionary, in his diary of 1743-1744. (Vir-
ginia Magazine, Vol. XI, p. 379, note.)
The land here mentioned lay in the present county of Madison, and
the Order shows that the Germans who built Hebron Church had estab-
lished themselves on the Robinson river prior to 1731.
i»Upon the death of Colonel Montgomery, Lieutenant-Governor of
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136 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
siring the Concurrence of this Governm't on representing to
his Majesty the Encroachments made by the french from
Canada in building a Fort at Crown Point, on Corlaer's Lake,
within the Limits of the s** Province & within three days*
journey of Albany, the Council did thereupon request the
Goveniour to write to Mr. Leheup to be assisting to the Agent
of New York in any Application which shall be thought proper
to be made to his Majesty for removing the French from their
said settlem't at Crown Point, & preventing for the future any
Encroachm*** on his Majesty's Dominion on this Continent.
Apl. 22, 1732.
\^'hereas, in pursuance of the Act of Assembly, for erecting
the County of Brunswick a Court house for the said county, is
now built & by the increase of Inhabitants the said County
judged is a Capacity to have . Magistrates of its own, It is or-
dered that a Commission of the Peace be prepared for the s**
Cjounty, & that Henry Fox, tjenry Embry, John Wall, John
Irby, George Walton, R** Burch, Nathaniel Edwards, W*"
Wynn, Charles King & William Machlin, Gent., be appointed
Justices for the said County, and the said Rd. Burch is ap-
pointed Sheriff for the sd. County for the ensuing Year.
Ordered that a Writ issue for erecting [electing] two Bur-
gesses for the said County of Brunswick to serve in the next
Session of Assembly appointed to meet the 15th of next Month.
New York, who has been previously mentioned in these orders, Rip
Van Dam, Esq., as President of the Council, became Acting Governor
of that colony for a brief period. He was a prominent merchant of
New York City. (Stone, Life of Sir William Johnson, Bart., Vol. II,
pp. 34-35.)
"Corlaer's Lake" was Lake Champlain, so-called by the French and
Iroquois Indians from the name of an individual who was drowned
in its waters. The Five Nations also applied this name to the Governors
of New York. (Colden, History of the Five Nations, ed. 1902, Vol.
I, pp. 17, 29.) This order is significant in showing that at this early
date a community of interest was recognized as existing between the
northern colony of New York and the southern colony of Virginia.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 187
May 5, 1732.
Divers of the Sapony Indians being returned into this Colony
from the Cattabaws this day attended the Gov^ & in behalf of
their nation, desir'd that they may have leave to Settle again
under the protection of this Governm't intimating also that the
Saraw Indians*^ are willing to Cohabit with them, and it is
thereupon resolv'd That Leave be granted the s** Sapony In-
dians to return into this Colony with such of the Saraws as
shall think fit to incorporate with them & to seat themselves
on any Lands they shall chuse, not being already granted to
any of his Majesty's subjects, either on the River Roanoke or
Appomattox, & that upon their notifying to the Governor the
place they shall chuse, a Tract of Land be laid out for them
equal to that they formerly held at Christiana. [Fort Chris-
tanna.l
The following peticons for leave to take up ungranted Lands
this day read & granted as follows, (viz.) :
To John Robinson, Esqr., 20,000 acres on Monocassie, on
the North Side Cohongaratoon River, if the Sd. Lands appear
to be within the Bounds of this Colony^*.
i^Mooncy, in his Siouan Tribes of the East, pp. 56-61, gives an inter-
esting account of the Sara Indians, whose history begins in 1540, when
their town or village, Xuala, was visited by De Soto. This place is
given various names by different authors, but it is positively identified
as Sara, and was probably the principal town of that tribe. In the
year mentioned above their habitat was near the present boundary
line between North and South Carolina, southeast of Asheville. These
Indians were also visited by John Lederer in 1669- 1670. After this
date they made several removals. At that time they lived on the Dan
river, in present Rockingham county, N. C. Troubles with neigh-
boring tribes and with the colonists of North and South Carolina,
finally compelled them to seek protection under the Virginia govern-
ment. Mr. Mooney states that in 1726, and even as late as 1751, they
were still at variance with the Iroquois. In 1768 the remnant of the
tribe, some fifty or sixty in number, were living with the Catawbas.
^•This order expresses the doubt mentioned in a previous note, con-
cerning the right of the Council to grant lands on the north side of the
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138 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
"To W™ Beverley, Gent., 15,000 acres on the North west Side
of Sherundo River, including a place called the Massanutting
Town, provided the same do not interfere with any of the
Tracts already granted in that part of the Colony.
To Francis Willis. Gent., John Lewis & Francis Kirkley,
10,000 acres in Spotsilvania County, at Sherundo, beginning
on the North River, about a mile below Swift Creek,* running
up & down each side of the River, to compleat that quantity.
To Francis Willis, John Lewis, Gent., & Francis Kirkley,
10,000 acres at Sherundo, in Spotsilvania County, beginning
at the mouth of Hawk's Bill, on the South River, & running
up the River & on each side thereof to include that quantity.
Potomac. The Monococy was in Maryland territory, and clearly the
land mentioned here could not be granted by the Virginia Council.
'This is the land upon which the first settlement in the Virginia
Valley was made. The conditional terms of the order indicate that
the Council was not entirely certain as to the propriety of its action,
and the litigation between William Beverly and Jacob Stover, men-
tioned in a preceding note, followed as a natural consequence.
■''John Lewis and Francis Willis, named in this and the succeeding
order, were residents of Gloucester county, Va. The former resided
at "Warner Hall," and in 1751 was a member of the Council. Francis
Kirkley was a resident of Spotsylvania county, Va. The name was also
spelled Kirtley, which is its modern form.
The location of the first grant cannot be determined definitely at
this time, but it was probably within the limits of present Shenandoah
county, Va. The tract mentioned in the next order was in the present
county of Page, below Luray, and evidently near the lower grant of
5,000 acres owned by Jacob Stover, and purchased from him by the
petitioners of 1733, mentioned in a previous note. The rich lands along
the South Branch of the Shenandoah were being rapidly acquired in
1732, and the conclusion follows that they were occupied without delay
by actual settlers.
(TO BE continued)
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VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES. 139
VIRGINIA AND THE CHEROKEES, &c.
The Treaties of 1768 and 1770.
From Documents in the British Public Record Office.
(Concluded.)
Lord Hillsborough* to Lord Bottetourt.
Your Lordships despatches Nos. 34, 35, 36 and 37 have been
received and laid before the King ; and the Journals of the
Council and House of Burgesses, together with the Acts passed
in the last Sessionf of Assembly, having been by His Majesty's
command trasmitted to the Board of Trade, I am persuaded
their Lordships will not fail to take every step that shall be pro-
per in consequence thereof, and to lay before His Majesty such
of the laws as shall appear to require the royal confirmation,
either from their having clauses suspending their execution, or
from any other circumstances that shall make such confirmation
necessary.
I have long seen and lamented how greatly Assemblies in
America have been influenced in their proceedings and delibera-
tions by the private correspondence of persons here in England,
who seem to have no other view but to promote distress to the
Mother country, by all possible means, and there is little doubt
that both the Association for non- importation and the petition
of the House of Burgesses on the subject of Revenue Laws, and
the regulation of the Courts of Admiralty, have been encouraged
by advice of this sort; but I am at a loss to guess by what spe-
cies of reasoning it is that the House of Burgesses of Virginia
can, in these cases reconcile an implicit submission to the dic-
tates of turbulent individuals with their own dignity and with a
conduct that seems in every other respect to have no other ob-
ject than the public welfare.
I am convinced upon the fullest consideration that the ex-
♦ Willis Hill (1718-1793), Earl of Hillsborough, was Secretary of State
for the Colonies 1768-1772, and was principal Secretary of State for the
American department during the Revolution.
t This was the session which began May 21, 1770. Some of the pro-
ceedings have been printed in this Magazine, XII, 353-357.
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140 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
tension of the Boundary line* as proposed in the address of the
House of Burgesses to you in December last, would never have
been consented to by the Cherokees, or if their consent could
have been obtained, that settlement so hr to the Westward
would not only have been inconsistent with the true principles of
policy, but would also have been the j^^round of continual jeal-
ousy and disputes, and therefore it was very pleasing to me to
find that the House had receded from its claim and closed with
the proposal contained in my letter to you of the 13th May 1769.
It would have been very fortunate if this service could have
been completed for the sum originally estimated, and that your
Lordship had not been under the necessity of adopting so unu-
sual a measure as that of drawing upon His Majesty's quit-Rents
for the sum of ;^400, which Mr. Stuart thought fit to add to his
estimate. The King, however, acquiesces in the motives which
have induced your Lordship to take the step, fully confiding
that proper care will be taken that it shall not be drawn into pre-
cedent.
I am very happy that the answer I gave to Gen*l Mackay
on the subject of his recommendation of Mr. Wormleyt is ap-
proved by your Lordship. I agree with you in opinion that
his distant residence from the Seat of Government is a good
ground of objection to his being of the Council, and I shall not
fail to communicate to the Board of Trade what your Lordship
proposes in regard to Mr. Diggs ;I but I do not apprehend that
an appointment of that gentleman can take place until a vacan-
cy happens, when I have no doubt that your recommendation
will have its due weight.
I am, &c. Hillsborough.
[Endorsed.]
**Draft to Lord Bottetourt,
** Whitehall, Oct. 3rd, 1770. [''No. 37.*']
* This was the extension of the Virginia line to the Cherokee, or Ten-
nessee Kiver, advocated by the House of Burgesses.
t This was doubtless Ralph Wormdcy, Sr., of ** Rosegill," Middlesex
County. He was never in the Council, though his son Ralph Worme-
ley, jr., was appointed a member of that body in 1771.
t Probably Dudley Digges, of York County. He was never a member
of the Colonial Council, but was elected to the first State Council in
1776.
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THE TREATY OF LANCASTER, I744. 141
I hereby certify that this is a true copy of the document
deposited in Her Majesty's State Paper Office, London.
RoBT. Lemon, Chief Clerk.
L. S. State Paper Office, 20, July, 1841.
THE TREATY OF LANCASTER, 1744.
(From Copy in Collections of the Virginia Historical Society.)
[Though the text of this treaty is well known, it is thought
best not to omit it here. See note on the treaty, Va, Mag, of Hist,
& Biography, XIII, 5-6. In Page's Page Family (1893), is print-
ed (201-204) a copy, withybr similes of the marks of the chiefs,
derived from a copy on parchment formerly in the possession of
Dr. Thomas Walker. See Penn, Mag. of Hist. & Biog., Vols.
I and II, for the journal of William Black, Secretary of the Vir-
ginia Commission. This journal was edited and annotated by
Mr. R. A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary of Virginia Histori-
cal Society.]
To all people to whom these presents shall come Conasa-
tugo, Tachanoontia, Joneehat, Caxhayion, Torachdadon, Nee-
rohanyah, and Roiirrawarkto, Sachims or Chiefs of ye nation of
the Onondagoes, Saquihsonyunt, Gashraddodon,Hurasaly-akon,
Rowamhohiso, Ocoghquah, Seayenties, Sachims or Chiefs of
ye nation of ye Cahugas, Sw^d^my alias Shirketiney, Onishu-
dagua, Onothkallydaroy, alias Watsatuha, Tohashwaroiororow,
Arnighosh-harvand Tiorkaasoy, Sachims or Chiefs of the nation
of the Tuscaroras, Tansauegos, and Tanikiuntus Sachims or
Chiefs of ye nation of the Senekers send greeting — Whereas the
Six united Nations of Indians laying Claim io some Lands in the
Colony of Virginia signified their willingness to enter into a
treaty concerning the Same— Whereupon Thomas Lee, Esq., a
Member in Ordinary of his Majesty's honourable Council of State
and one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Judicature in
that Colony and William Beverly, Esq., Colonel and County
Lieutenant of the County of Orange and one of the representa-
tives of the people in the House of Burgesses of that Colony
were deputed by the Governor of the said Colony as Commis-
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H2 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
sioners lo treat with the said Six Nations or their Deputies
Sachims or Chiefs, as well of and concerning their said Claim^
as to renew their Covenant Chain between the said Colony and
the said Six Nations, and the said Commissioners having met at
Lancaster in Lancaster County and province of Pennsylvania
and as a foundation for a stricter Amity and peace at this junc-
ture, agreed with the said Sachims or Chiefs of the said six Na-
tions for a Disclaimer and Renunciation of all their Claim or
pretence of Right whatsoever of the said six nations and an ac-
knowledgement of the Right of our Sovereign the King of
Great Britain to all the Land in the said Colony of Virginia.
Now know ye that for and in consideration of the Sum of four
hundred pounds Current money of Pennsylvania, paid and de-
livered to the above named Sachims or Chiefs partly in Goods
& partly in Gold Money by the said Commissioners, they the
said Sachims or Chiefs on behalf of the said Six Nations Do here-
by renounce and disclaim not only all the Right of the said Six
Nations but also recognize and acknowledge the Right and Ti-
tle of our Sovereign the King of Great Britain to all the Land
within the said Colony as it is now or hereafter may be peopled
and bounded by his said Majesty our Sovereign Lord the King
his Heirs and Successors. In witness whereof the said Sachims
or Chiefs for themselves and on behalf of the people of the Six
Nations aforesaid have hereunto set their hands & Seals this
Second day of July in the i8th year of the reign of our Sover-
eign Lord George the Second King of Great Britain and in the
year of our Lord 1744.
Signed by all the above named Chiefs.
Signed Sealed and Delivered
in the presence of Edm'd Jennings.
At a General Court held at the Capitol Oct. 25th, 1744,
This Deed Poll was proved by ye Oaths of Edm'd Jennings,
Esq., Philip Ludwell Lee, Esq. and William Black, three wit-
nesses thereto and by the Court ordered to be recorded.
Test.
(Signed) Ben Waller, CI. Ct.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752. 143
THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN,* 1752.
Commission, Instructions, &c., Journal of Virginia
Commissioners, and Text of Treaty.
(From Contemporary Copies in the Collection of the Virginia Historical
Society. )
[Endorsed.] Instructions from the Hon. Robt. Dinwiddie
to Colo. Fry,^ Mr. Lomax,^ and Colo. Patton/ dated April,
1752, T. M. C.
Commission from Governor Dinwiddie.
Robert Dinwiddie. Esqr., his Majesty's Lieutenant Gover-
nor, Vice Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony,
and Dominion of Virginia.
^The object of the treaty of LogKStown, on the Ohio, was to obtain
from the Six Nations a confirmation of the treaty of Lancaster, made
in 1744; to facilitate the operation of the Ohio Company by securing
the good will of the Indians occupying or claiming the lands granted
to the Company, and to obtain the assistance of the tribes in the con-
test with France, which was seen to be near at hand.
To pave the way for the treaty, the celebrated pioneer, Christopher
Gist, agent for the Ohio Company, between October, 1750, and June,
1751. made a long trip down the Ohio, to Muskingum. Pequa, on the
Wabash, the Shawnee town near the mouth of the Scioto, and then
through Kentucky and across the Kanawha to his home on the Yad-
kin, During this trip he. together with George Croghan, and Andrew
Montour, secured the promise of the Shawnees, Miamis, etc., to meet
the Virginia Commissioners for a treaty at Loggstown. (See a sum-
mary of Gist's journey, derived from his journal, in The Northwest
Under Three Flails, by Charles Moore, pp. 75-80.)
The commissioners on the part of Virginia were Colonel Joshua
Fry, of Albemarle county; Lunsford Lomax, of Caroline, and Colonel
James Patton, of Augusta. For various letters, instructions, &c., in
regard to this treaty, see Dittividdic Papers, Va. Historical Society Col-
lections. Mr. Brock, the editor of the Dinwiddie Papers, states, in
a note, that Colonel Patton kept a journal of the proceedings of the
commissioners, which has been lost. Perhaps the journal printed here
is the one kept by Patton.
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144 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
To all whom these present Letters shall come or in any
Manner relate, sends greeting:
Whereas, his Majesty has been graciously pleased to make
a Present of extraordinary Value to the northern Indians in
The treaty of Loggstown is reported in the Minutes of the Provincial
Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. V, pp. 532-539- George Croghan and
Andrew Montour represented Pennsylvania, and the former reported
to Governor Hamilton by letter, dated June lo. 1752.
Ther^ have been various opinions as to the position of Loggstown,
but Mr. Thwaites (the highest authority) says that *it was just below
the present Economy, Pa., on the north side of the Ohio, eighteen miles
below Pittsburg. (Border Warfare j 413.)
In Lewis Evans's map, 1755, Loggstown is shown to be on the north
sire of the Ohio. (The Northwest Under Three Flags, p. 80.)
A valuable contribution to the history of Indian land titles and
cessions is contained in The Indian Boundary Line, by Prof. Max
Farrand, Am. Hist. Reviezv, for July 1905. The map accompanying
this paper is especially useful. See also Indian Land Cessions, by
Thomas & Royce. i8th Report, Bureau of American Ethnolojry.
2Joshua Fry was. according to an old tradition in the family in Vir-
ginia, born in Somersetshire, Eng., and educated at Oxford. This is
firmed by Foster's Alumni Oxonienses, which states that Joshua Fry
son of Joseph, of Crewkerne, Somersetshire, pleb., matriculated at
Wadham College, March 31. 1718, at the age of 18. From the style
given the father, it is evident that he was of that yeoman rank from
which such great numbers of Americans descend. Soon after leaving
Oxford, he seems to have emigrated to Essex county, Virginia. In
1728- '9, he was master of the grammar school of William and Mary
College, Williamsburg, and was later Professor of Mathematics in the
college. In 1738. together with Robert Brooke and William Mayo, two
prominent surveyors, he offered to the legislature proposals for pre- .
paring a map of Virginia. Later he carried out his design, working
in partnership with Peter Jefferson, father of the President. Fry and
Jefferson's Map of Virginia is well known. In i745-'46-'47-'48-*49-'52-*53
and February. 1754. he represented Albemarle county in the House
of Burgesses. On March 28. 1745, he was appointed coimty lieutenant
of Albemarle; in 1749, was one of the commissioners on the part of
the Crown for marking the boundaries of the Northern Neck; in 1749,
one of Virginia commissioners for running the line between
that colony and North Carolina; was a commissioner at Loggstown,
and was commissioned colonel, commanding the Virginia regiment sent
against the French in 1754. He died in service on May 31, and was
buried near Wills's creek, now Cumberland creek. See Memoir of
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, 1752. 145
Amity with us, and it has been agreed between this Govern-
ment and those Indians to have the said Present delivered at
Logg's Town in May next, and then and there to enter into a
Treaty for polishing and strengthning the Chain of Friend-
ship subsisting between us, and Whereas, for the Conducting
Colonel Joshua Fry, &c., by Rev. P. Slaughter, D. D., and note in
Dinwiddie Papers, I, 7-8.
•Lunsford Lomax, of *' Portobago,*' Caroline county, represented that
county in the House of Burgesses in i742-*44-'45-'46-*47-*48-'49-'S2-'S3;
Feby., '54 ; Aug. '54 ; Oct., '54 ; May, '55, and Oct., '55. He was a grandson
of Rev. John Lomax, M. A., Emmanuel College, Cambridge, a Puritan,
who was rector of Wooler, Northumberland, and was ejected under
the Act of 1662 for non-conformity. A family Bible, containing a
rcord, very unusual for the length of time covered and for the com-
pleteness of the entries, is in the possession of the Virginia family.
The record begins with Rev. John Lomax, and is continued in the
line of his son, John, who came to Virginia about 1700. This son,
John, was born June 7, 1667, and married, June i, 1703, Elizabeth, only
child (by this marriage), of Hon. Ralph Wormeley, and his wife,
Catherine Lunsford, only daughter of Sir Thomas Lunsford, the cele-
brated Cavalier officer, who had emigrated to Virginia. This marriage
of the son of an ejected Puritan minister with the granddaughter of
one who was represented (with much exaggeration) by the Parlia-
mentary writers as the extreme type of the lawless and dissolute cava-
lier, is an interesting example of how different strains of blood and
schools of politics united in America.
Lunsford Lomax, of the text, was born Nov. 5. 1705, and died June
10, 1772. He married twice: First, in 1729, Mary Edwards, and, second,
in 1742. Judith Micou.
^Colonel James Patton, a native of Newton Limaddy, Ireland, was
!)om in 1692, and is stated to have been in early life an officer in the
Royal Navy. Later, for many years, he was master of a merchant
vessel, and made many voyages to Virginia, bringing in immigrants.
He was largely interested in investments in Virginia lands, in part-
nership with William Beverley. In the IVf* and Mary Quarterly, III.
226-227, are two letters, dated 1737, from Be-erley to Patton, at Kircu-
hright, Scotland. Colonel Patton finally retl'-ed from the sea and set-
tled in Augusta, where, on May 27, 1742, he was commissioned Colonel
of militia; was County Lieutenant and representative in the House of
Burgesses in Aug., 1754; Oct., '54, and Mav, 1755. In July, 1755. Colo-
nel Patton was killed by Indians at Draper s Meadows, near the present
Blacksburg. See Waddell's Annals of Augusta County, Virginia, and
Dinwiddie Papers, I, 18.
s
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146 * VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZIN^.
SO good a Work it has been judged necessary to make Choice
of some Persons of Distinction, Prudence, and Capacity:
Know Ye that I reposing special Trust and Confidence in
the Experience, Integrity, and Abilities of Joshua Fry, Esqr.,
Colonel and County Lieutenant of the County of Albemarle,
and one of the Representatives of the People in the House of
Burgesses of this Colony and Dominion of Virginia; and of
Lunsford Lomax, Esqr., another of the Representatives of the
said People ; and of James Patton, Esqr., Colonel and County
Lieutenant of the County of Augusta, have by Virtue of the
Powers and Authorities with which I am invested by his
Majesty, and by and with the Advice and Consent of his
Majesty's Council of State, nominated, made, constituted and
deputed and by these Presents signed with my Hand, do nomi-
nate, make, constitute and depute the said Joshua Fry, Luns-
ford Lomax, and James Patton, Commissioners in Behalf of
this his Majesty's Colony and Dominion to meet the said
Indians or such Sachims or other Persons as shall be deputed
by them for that Purpose and with them to treat concerning
the premises giving and granting to them the said Joshua Fry,
Lunsford Lomax, and James Patton, full Power and Authority
to repair from thence to Logg's Town or to any other Place
where the said Meeting or Treaty with the said Indians shall
be appointed and there in Behalf of his Majesty and this
Colony and Dominion to deliver to the said Indians, or such
Sachims, or other Persons whom the said Indians shall for
that Purpose send and depute, his Majesty's Present, and with
them to treat and confirm a solid and lasting good Understand-
ing between us. Also giving and granting to the said Com-
missioners Power and Authority to treat, agree, promise
stipulate and do, what they shall judge best and necessary for
and concerning the premises in as full and ample Form and
Manner and with like Force and Effect as I could or might
do if I was personally present, hereby promising in his Ma-
jesty's Name to have and to hold as ratified and accepted
v/hatsoever shall be transacted and concluded by Virtue of
these Presents ; for the greater Strength and Credit of which
T have hereunto set my Hand and caused the great Seal of this
Colonv and Dominion to be affixed.
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THE TREATY OF LOGONS TOWN, I752. 147
Given at Williamsburg in Virginia, this Day of April, in the
26**» Year of his Majesty's Reign, Annoq Domini, 1752.
Instructions to the Commissioners.
Instructions for Joshua Fry, Lunsford Lomax, and James
Patton, Esqrs., appointed Commissioners to treat between this
Colony and Dominion of Virginia on the one Part, and the
six united Nations of Indians on the other Part, given at the
Council Chamber in the City of Williamsburg this Day
of April, in the 25th Year of his Majesty's Reign, Annoque
Domini 1752.
Article ye ist. Whereas this Government is under an En-
gagement made by the President to the Sachims or great Men
of the six Nations of Indians to have the Present ordered by
his Majesty to be delivered to the said Indians at Loggs Town
about the Time of the full Moon in May next, and as you are
judged to be proper Persons to attend at the Delivery of the
Cioods, and to convey to the Indians such Matters as are
necessary upon this Occasion, You are therefore to hold your-
selves in Readiness to begin your Tourney, so as to reach the
Place of Meeting in good Time. And as a Contract is already
made with Col° Cresup'^ for the Carriage of the Goods, it must
be your Care that they are well secured from any Damage that
may happen by Rain or otherwise on the Road, and that they
are got up in Time for the Meeting, as a Disappointment of
this last Sort might be of bad Consequence.
2d. After acquainting them with the Present you have
brought from their and our Father, the great King, on the
other Side the great Watern, which you are to use all con-
venient Opportunities to enlarge upon (as it is certainly of
more \'alue than any Present they have hitherto received
from us) your next business will be (as some Doubts have
arisen about the Treaty of Lancaster, and Surmises have been
*The well-known Colonel Thomas Crcsap. of Maryland. See Din-
'iciddir Faf>irs. J, 10. Crcsap had been in the employment of the Ohio
Company, and was well acquainted with the Indians and the routes
to the Ohio.
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. 148 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
spread as if the six Nations thought themselves imposed upon
by it) to have that Treaty explained, and his Majesty's Title
to all the Lands expressed and intended to be acknowledged
by the said Treaty to be fully confirmed. And in Order to'
render this Part of your Business the more easy, I have taken
Care to procure Conrad Weiser to be present, who acted as
an Interpreter at Lancaster, and was a Witness to the Instru-
ment, and I hope that by his Assistance you will be able to
convince them that there was no Deceit used nor any Advan-
tage taken of them, and that to deceive or overreach is far
below the Dignity and Justice of our great King, nor wou'd
he suffer such Things to be done by those in Authority under
him.
3d. You are in your Conferences with the Indians to give
them to understand that this Present is made to them, not only
in Consequence of a Promise made to them in Writing by the
Commissioners of this Colony, after signing the Treaty of
Lancaster, to move the Governor and Council of Virginia to
represent their Case to his Majesty to the End that he might
extend his further Grace and Favour to the said Indians ; but
also to secure a quiet and peaceable Possession to his Majesty's
Subjects of this Colony of all the Lands recognized by the
said Treaty, particularly those on the Ohio. And as there i-*
good Reason to conclude that the principal Occasion of the
Indians' Dislike to that Settlement has been the Article in
the Grant whi.ch obliges the Company" to build a Fort, which
• has been exaggerated much by our Enemies, and by our Rivals
in Trade ; in Order to obviate this Difficulty, you are to repre-
sent to them, as the Truth is, that at the Time of the Com-
pany's Application to his Majesty for that Grant, the English
were engaged in a bloody War with the French that they
judged such a Place of Defence for their Goods and People
necessary to secure them from the Attacks of our common
Enemy in a Place so remote from our other Settlements, but
«The Ohio Company, to which the English government, by order of
Council, dated March 16, 1749, granted 500,000 acres west of the Alle-
ghanies. See Va. Mag. of Hist, and Biog., XII, 162-163.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG*S TOWN, 1 752. 149
that the Reasons for erecting that Fort having sometime
ceased, by the Peace concluded with the French, the Company
is now soliciting to be excused from that Article of building
the Fort, as they can now rest themselves and their Effects
upon the Friendship and Aftection of their good Brothers, the
six Nations, and as they proix)se to make their Trade so Ad-
vantageous to their Brethren as shall increase that Friendship
and Affection. When you are engaged on this Subject, the
Opportunity will be favourable to inquire into the matter of
several Forts, I am informed, are lately built by the ffrencTT
to the Southward of Lake Erie. You arc to dive into the
Cause why they, our friends & brothers, should permit them
to erect Forts so near them, and yet when we only talk of such
a thing they are ready to quarrel with us about it; this is
treating us with jealousy & suspicion, as if we intended to
do an injury to them from our Forts, and placing a great
confidence in the fair promises of ye French, time will convince
them, if argument cannot, of their mistake in this part of
their Conduct.
4th. It is not improbable that you may meet with some diffi-
culties from the bad impressions the Indians may have rec'
from the Pennsylvania Traders, of this Settlement on the Ohio.
You must endeavour to wipe off such by the foregoing argu-
ment and by such others as your own discretion, the occasion
& the present disposition of the Indians may furnish you with,
assuring them that the chief point in view is to carry on a
Trade to the mutual benefit of them & the inhabitants of this
Colony, and to make such a settlement, as may preserve them,
our brethren and ourselves from any Injuries from the Frencli
in case of a future War.
Sth. The advantages of cultivating a friendship with the
Six Nations of Indians, and to render it lasting, is of the ut-
most consequence to our back Settlements : and one means lo
effect this, will be to procure a person well known to, and
esteemed by them, acquamted with their Customs and man-
ners, as well as skilled in their Language, to be kept in the
constant Service of this Government. If, therefore, you can
find such a person of good Character, & who is not too closely
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150 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
attached to the Interest of our Rivals in the Indian Trades, he
may depend on our Countenance and encouragement; for the
present I have engaged Mr. Andrew Muntour^ to assist Mr.
Weiser* as Interpreter.
6th. It will be of Service to his Majesty and therefore
proper for you to be informed, how far the french Settlements
extend either to the North or South, at what period of time
such Settlements have been made of what Numbers and
Strength they may be. And you are to endeavour to make
yourselves acquainted with the Arts made use of by the French
to alienate the affections of the Indians from the English.
You are to exhort them not to be drawn away by deceitful
empty Speeches, the peculiar Talent of that cunning people.
But in every attempt that shall be made to shake their Duty
to our common Father, let them consider what real Acts of
Friendship have been done them by the English, and what by
the French. Let them weigh these things well in their minds,
& then determine who best deserves their Esteem and regard,
for it is not by vain 'unmean* Words that true friendship is to
be discovered, but by its Effects.
7th. You are in the strongest terms to insist upon their
delivering up the murderer of the poor Woman, as they said
last fall that they knew who he was, and would do their ut-
most to have him at this meeting. It is a piece of Justice due
to this Country, which we are bound by every Tye of Duty to
require. Our Duty to our great King for the Loss of a Subject
requires it, but, above all, the great Father and Maker of us
all, who inhabits ye Skies, he requires it, for it is one of his
earliest Commands that, "whoso shedeth man's blood, by man
Shall his blood be shed." You are to acquaint them, that I
^Andrew Montour, of Pennsylvania, a half-breed, son of an Oneida
chief, who had been long familiar with the Indians, and was well known
as an interpreter. He was one of the representatives of Pennsylvania
at the treaty. See Dinividdic Papers, I, 17.
^Conrad Weiser, of Pennsylvania, a native of Germany, long a promi-
nent man in the western part of his colony, and well-known as an in-
terpreter.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752. 151
expect they will convey this Criminal into the settled part of
this Government, and deliver him into the hands of some
magistrate, whom you are to name to them, and give that
Magistrate previous notice, that by his Warrant he is to co-
mand the Sheriff of the O^ to bring him under a proper Guard
to the public Goal.
8th. This & many other cruelties and robberies comitted
by stragling parties of the Six Nations on our people, have
proceeded from their neglect of former Treaties, by which they
are obliged to obtain a pass from a Magistrate to be appointed,
which pass is to be signed by our Justices as they go thro* our
Country ; and they are to behave orderly & peaceably and as
Brethren ; and when in want of provisions, they are to apply
to a Justice of peace, who is to supply them with necessaries
for their Journey. Instead of this, their behaviour has been
quite the reverse. They have come without passes, so that,
not knowing their names, we are often unable to fix their
Crimes on the proper persons. They have entered our peo-
ple's houses by force, have not only taken what provisions they
pleased, but, when opposed in their fury, they have proceeded
to steal, to kill our Cattle & horses, and even our Inhabitants
themselves. What can such irregularities as these tend to, but
the total destruction of the Chain of friendship which has been
for many ages preserved between us. and which is so much for
the interest of both to keep bright & unsullied. I am sensible
that the wise men among them would disdain to be guilty of
such base behaviour, 'tis their hot-headed young men, but
hope and expect from their Sachims. that they will take such
Measures for the future as shall prevent these just Causes of
complaint against any of our Brethren. If they will not, I
shall be obliged to do something for the safety of our own
people, and put a Stop to them by the power we have in our
own hands, and punishing such offenders ourselves.
9th. As the Instructions of the Indians in the principles of
the christian Religion hath been the Subject of the prayers. &
utmost endeavours of many pious men ; and as the charitable
Institution of the School at Brafferton^ hath not produced the
•The BraflFerton was the Indian school of William and Mary College,
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152 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Effect that was hoped for from it, by reason of the difficutty
of prevailing on the Indians to send their Children so far from
their parents, for the sake of a religious Education, the happy
Consequences of which their natural ferocity will hardly per-
mit them to be made sensible of. I would have you talk fully
to them on this head, and if you find their prejudice against
trusting their Children, so far from them too strong to be
overcome, you must sound their inclinations another way, and
learn if they would receive and entertain a teacher among
them, if this Government would send one, to instruct them in
our Language & Religion, the Benefits and advantages of
which. they are as capable of partaking of as we, if they desire
them with a straight & willing mind.
TwiGHTWEE Indians to Governor Dinwiddie.
From the Twightwee^® Town, June ye 21 st, 1752.
Our good Brother of Virginia :
This comes by our Brother, Thomas Burney, who was witli
founded and sustained by a legacy of the Hon. Robert Boyle. The
sum bequeathed was invested in the purchase of an estate in Yorkshire
named Brafferton. Hence the name of the school and of the old brick
building still standing on the college grounds.
i<>The Twightwecs or Miami s were a numerous people, made up
of many tribes, each having a chief, and one of these chiefs was
selected to rule the entire nation. Formerly they had lived on the*
Wabash^ but latterly they had removed to the Miami, and lived at
the Twightwi town or Piqua. The town is shown on Evans's map.
At this time the Twightwis were on friendly terms with the Six
Nations, whose powerful rivals they ordinarily were.
On June 21, 1752, the Twightwi fort at Piqua was attacked, under
orders from the French authorities in Canada, by 150 Ottawas and
Objibways, who are said by some authorities to have been com-
.manded by Charles Langlade, afterwards a famous French partisan
officer. Eight English traders and a few Indians were in the town,
which was speedily taken, with the loss of 14 Miamis. Old Britain,
the Miami chief was boiled and eaten, the trading house was plun-
dered and five traders captured and carried to Canada. Evans's
map has opposite the site of the town : "The Eng. Twichtwi T., taken
in 1752 by the French.'' (N. W. Under Three Flags, pp. 82, 83 and
authorities cited.)
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THE TREATY OF LOGG*S TOWN, 1 752. 153
US in the last unhappy Battle we had with our Enemies, the
French and French Indians, who engaged our Fort at a Time
when all our Warriors and briskest Men were out a hunting.
They had two hundred and forty fighting Men, appeared sud-
denly and took us on Surprize, when they had sent us Warn- '
pum. and a fine French Coat in Token of Peace and good Will,
just to deceive and draw our People out a Hunting, and
then fall on us, as a more weak and defenseless Part, being
only twenty Men able to bear Arms, and nine of them were our
Brothers, the English, who helped us much; but their Stores
and Houses being on the outside of our Fort, our Enemies
plimdered them, and took six of our Brothers, the English's
Goods, and to our great Loss, their Powder and Lead, and
kiird one of them English, & scalped him. They kill'd our
great Pianckosha King, whom we call'd old Brittain, for his
great Love to his Brothers, the English. Brother, we send
you by our Brother Bumey one Scalp and a Belt of Wampum,
to let you know we are more concerned for the Loss of our
King, and our Brothers that were taken & kill'd than for our-
selves, altho' in great Distress for Want of Arms and Ammu-
nition, for we must look on ourselves as lost, if our Brothers,
the English, do not stand by us, and give us Powder and Lead
and Arms. To confirm what we say and to assure you that
we will ever continue true Friends and Allies to our Brothers,
the English, we send you this Scalp and Belt of Wampum.
P. S. — There were but two French men appeared among the
Indians in Time of Battle, altho' we understood there were
thirty French men within two Miles of us, all the Time of
Action, who were ready to receive their Share of the Plunder.
A letter from Governor Dinwiddie to Cresap and Trent, Febru-
ary 10, 1753, expresses his regret that some of the Twightwees had
gone over to the French, and his behcf that if Bumey (Thos. Burney,
who had lived among the Twightwees as a blacksmith) had gone
directly to them with a supply of ammunition, as the Governor had
expected, the defection would not have occurred. In a note to this
letter, there is quoted a note on a map ( in Kalm's Travels in America)
in relation to a village on the Great Miami: "The English Twich-
twi, or Pique, taken, 1752."
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154 virginia historical magazine.
Virginia Commissioners to Governor Dinwiddie.
To the Hon'ble Robert Dinwiddie, Esqr., his Majesty's Lieut.
Govenor and Commander in Chief of Virginia :
In Obedience to your Honour's Commission, we proceeded
to Loggstown with his Majesty's Present to the Indians of
the six Nations & their Allies, and held a Treaty with Them.
An Account of our Transactions in that Affair is containM
in the following Sheets, which we humbly begg Leave to lay
before y' Honour, and are your Honour's most dutiful and
most humble Servants.
Joshua Fry,
lunsford lomax,
James Patton.
Journal of the Virginia Commissioners.
An Account of the Treatv held between the Government of
Virginia & the six united Nations of Indians on the River
Ohio, in the Year of our Lord 1752.
The Commissioners being on their Way with the King's
Present were met on Thursday, the 28th of May, about three
Miles from Shonassims Town, on Ohio, by seven or eight of
the Delawar Indians on Horse-back; when they came near, all.
as well English as Indians, dismounted, and the Indians havino:
filled and lighted their long Pipes or Calumets, first smoak'd
and then handed them to the Commissioners and others in
their Company, who all smoak'd. After the Ceremony had
been repeated two or three Times, the Chief of the Indians
made a short Speech to welcome the Commissioners, which,
being answered, they all mounted and the Indians led the Way.
About two hundred Paces from the Town, the Commis-
sioners with their Company halted, the Indians going on to
join their own People,* and then they began the Salute by
fireing their Peices, which was returned by the English and
this was repeated two or three Times.
The Commissioners then proceeded to the River Bank, a
little above the Town, where they pitched their Camp, and
set up the King's Coulours, which had been carried before
them.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG*S TOWN, 1 752. 155
At this Time the Delawars had no King, but were headed
by two Brothers named Shingas and the Beaver" who were
dressed after the English Fashion, had silver Breast Plates and
a great deal of Wampum about them.
At a Council held at Shenapin Town,
Fryday, the 29th of May.
Present :
Joshua Fry, Lunsford Lomax, James Patton. Commissioners.
Mr. Christopher Gist. Agent for the Ohio Company.
The Chiefs of the Delawar Indians.
Mr. Andrew Montour. Interpreter.
The Speaker of the Indians, addressing himself to the Com
missioners, said:
Brethren, you have come a long Journey and have sweated
a great Deal. We wipe off your Sweat with tliis String of
Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, you are come a long Way, & we are glad to see
you : we hope you will open y'' Hearts to us, & speak clearly.
and that you may be enabled to do it, we clear your Voices
with this String of Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, you are come from far, and have heard many
Stories & false Reports about us, your Brethren. We hope
that you will not keep them in your Mind, and that you will
disregard them, we give you this String of Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, we desire you will consider our Brethren that live
i^Shingas was a famous village chief, a terror to the frontier set-
tlements of Pennsylvania. A brother, and later the successor of King
Beaver, his camp was at the mouth of Beaver creek, which empties
into the Ohio twenty-six miles below "the forks" (site of Pittsburg).
Withcrs's Chronicles of Border Warfare, Thwaites* note, p. 45. As will
be seen, however, from one of the speeches of the Half King. Shingas
is stated to have lived at the "fork of the Mohongalio" (Pittsburg).
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156 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
towards the Sun sitting, & that you will give them your best
Advice, upon which we give you this String of Wampum.
gave a String.
Then Mr. Christopher Gist^- and Mr. Andrew Montour de-
livered to the Commissioners a String of Wampum from the
Council at Loggs Town to let them know that they were glad
to hear of their being on the Road, and to assure them that
they might come in Safety to Loggs Town.
The Commissioners not having any Wampum strung, with-
out which Answers cou'd not be returned, acquainted the In-
dians that they wou'd answer their Speeches in the Afternoon,
on which the Council broke up.
May the 29th, in the Afternoon.
The same Persons being met, the Commissioners spoke as
f olloweth :
Brethren, the Chiefs of the Delawars:
We have had a long & difficult Journey hither to see our
Brethren, but that has been sufficiently made Amends for by
the kind Reception you have given us ; we assure you we are
glad to meet you here in Council, and present you with this
String of Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, in your second Speech, you clear'd our Voices,
that we might speak our Minds to you, in Answer to which
we inform you, that the great King, our Father, has sent by
us a Present of Goods to his Children, the Indians, the largest
he has ever given them, which we are to deliver at Loggs
Town, whither we are going.
It is the Desire of our Father, that you & we, his Children,
shou'd be strongly united together as one People, and that it
is our Inclination so to be Join'd, we confirm to you by this
String of Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, in Answer to your third Speech, we let you know
i^Christopher Gist, agent for the Ohio Company, who had done much
exploring and surveying along the Ohio.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG's TOWN, 1 752. 157
that we did hear many Stories in our Way hither, rais'd by
idle and wicked People to occasion a Difference between us,
but we did not believe them, and now we are satisfied that they
were false.
If any others shou'd be spread we shall wholly disregard
them, and we hope that you will do the like, and that our
good Agreement may always continue, we give you this String
of Wampum.
gave a String.
Brethren, we heartily wish well to our Brethren, who live
towards the Sun setting, and shall be always ready to assist
them with our best Advice whenever we shall be informed of
their Circumstances, which in the Course of the Treaty to be
held at Loggs Town, we suppose we may be. We present
you with this String of Wampum.
Saturday. May the 30th.
The Goods being put on Board four large Canoes lashed
together, the Commissioners & others went on Board also to
go down the River, with Colours flying. When they came
opposite to the Delewar Town, they were saluted by the Dis-
charge of fire Arms, both from the Town & opposite Shore,
where Queen Alliguippe lives, and the Compliment was re-
turned from the Canoes.
The Company then went on Shore to wait on the Queen,
who welcomed them & presented them with a String of Wam-
pum to clear their Way to Loggs Town, she presented them
also with a fine Dish of Fish to carry with them, and had
some Victuals set, which they all eat of. The Commissioners
then presented the Queen with a brass Kettle, Tobacco and
some other Trifles, and took their Leave.
The Weather being very wet, the Commissioners went on
Shore to a Trader's House, secured their Goods in the Canoes
by covering them in the best Manner they cou'd, and lay there
that Night.
Sunday, May the 31st.
They set off with the Canoes and arriv'd at Loggs Town,
where they were saluted by the Fireing of small Arms, both
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158 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
from the Indians and English Traders residing there, and the
Commissioners were met by the Chiefs of the Indians on the
Shore and welcomed.
Monday, June the ist.
The Chiefs of the Indians then at Loggs Town having met
in their Council House, by a Message acquainted the Com-
missioners that they had something to say to them. They went
to the Place, and they and the other Company being seated, «i
Chief of the six Nations stood up, & addressing himself to
the Commissioners, spoke as followeth :
Brethren, you have come a long & blind way; If We had
been certain which Way you were coming, we shou'd have
met you at some Distance from the Town, but now we bid
you welcome, and we open your Eyes with this String of
Wampum, which we give you in the Name of the six united
Nations.
gave a String.
Brethren of Virginia and Pensyvania, I desire that you
will hearken to what I am going to say, that you may open
your Hearts and speak freely unto us.
We don't doubt but you have many Things in your Mind
which may trouble you, notwithstanding which, we hope we
may continue in Friendship. On which we give you those
Strings of Wampum.
Gave two Strings.
The Commissioners let them know, they wou'd give them an
Answer in a few Hours.
Sometime after all being met in the Council House. Mr.
George Croghan^*' by Direction of the Governor of Pennsyl-
I'^Georgc Croghan, of Pennsylvania, a native of Ireland, who settled
near Harrisbiirg, and was an Indian trader as early as 1746. Having
acquired the confidence of the Indians and a knowledge of their lan-
guages, he became agent for the colony among them. He was an
officer during the l''rench and Indian war, and in 1756, was appointed
by Sir William Johnson deputy Indian agent for the Pennsylvania an<l
Ohio Indians. He long rendered valuable service in negotiations with
them. By deed, dated at Fort Pitt, July 10, 1775, he purchased from
the Six Nations six million acres on the Ohio, which, by another deed,
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752, 159
vania, made a Speech to the Indians, letting them know that it
was his Desire they shou'd receive their Brethren of Virginia
kindly, and presented them with a String of Wampum.
The Commissioners then spoke as followeth :
Brethren, you sent a String of Wampum, which we met on
the Road, by which you acquainted us that you heard of our
Coming to visit you, and welcomed us so far on our Journey
yesterday we arrived at this Place, & this Morning you took
an Opportunity with a Strihg of Wampum to bid us welcome
to Your Town, & to open our Eyes that we may see the Sun
clearly & look upon you as Brothers who are willing to receive
us. This we take very kindly, and we assure you of our hearty
Inclinations to live in Friendship with you ; to confirm this wc
present you with a String of Wampum.
Gave a String.
Brethren, in your second Speech to us & our Brethren of
Pensyl vania this Day, you delivered us two Strings of Wam-
pum, to clear our Hearts from any Impression that mav have
been made on them, by flying Report or ill News, and that we
might speak our Minds freely.
Brethren, we assure you of our Willingness to remove all
Misunderstanding out of our Hearts & Breasts which might
impede or hinder the Friendship subsisting between us.
Now, Brethren, we are to acquaint you, that we are sent
hither, by the King of Great Britain, our Father, who, not
forgetting his Children on this Side the great Waters, has
ordered us to deliver you a large Parcel of Goods in his Name,
which we have brought with us. But as we understand you
have sent for some of your Chiefs, whom you shortly expect.
dated July 30. 1777, he transferred to Thomas Walker and eight
other Virginians. Copies of these deeds are printed (from copies for-
merly in the possession of Dr. Thomas Walker) in Page's Paf^e Family
{ 1R93), pp. 206-200. There is on record in the County Court of Augus-
ta, at Staunton, Va.. a long deed from the Indians, confirming a
former conveyance to Croghan and reciting the goods which were
given or to he given them l»y him. Among the numerous items
is one of many dozen jews-harps. George Croghan died in Pennsyl-
vania, in 1782.
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160 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
we will wait with Patience till they come, and then faithfully
deliver you the Good & open our Hearts to you. In Assurance
of hich we present you with this String of Wampum.
Gave a String.
To which the Speaker replied, I am glad that you have the
Consideration, to wait for the coming of our chief Men.
On Thursday, June the 4th, Thonariss, called by the Eng-
lish the half King" with a Sachim deputed by the Onondago
Council, and others, came down the River with English Colours
flying, to Loggs Town, and the following Days they were em-
ployed in their own Business till the loth, when a Council was
appointed for treating with the Commissioners of Virginia, &
the Present was set out before the Door where they lodged.
Arbours being made for the Council to sit round about. All
being met, the Commissioners, addressing themselves to the
Indians, said:
Sachims & Warriors of the six united Nations, our Friends
and Brethren :
We are Glad to meet you at this Place to enlarge the Coun-
cil Fire already kindled here, by our Brethren of Pensylvania,
to brighten the Chain & to renew our Friendship, that it mav
last as long as the Sun, the Moon & the Stars shall give Light,
to confirm which we give you a String of Wampum.
Gave a String.
Brethren, at the Treaty of Lancaster, in the Year 1744, be-
tween the Government of Virginia, Maryland, & Pensylvania,
you made a Deed reco^i^iihing the King's Right to all the Lands
in \"irginia, as far as it was then peopled, or hereafter should
be peopled, or bounded by the King, our Father, for which
you received the Consideration agreed on.
At the same Time Conasetego'^ desj*-ed that the Commis-
'♦Thonariso, or Tanacharison, a Seneca chief, who, at the beginning
of the war with France, was a warm friend and ally of the
English. He was with Washington in the fight at the Meadows, and
died October 4. 1754.
"Conasetego, one of the chiefs who had signed the treaty of Lan-
caster.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752. 161
sioners wou'd recommend you for the King's further Favour,
when the Settlements should encrease much further back.
This the Commissioners promised, and confirmed it by a writ-
ing under their Hands & Seals. In Consequence of which
Promise, a Present was sent you from the King by Conrad
Wieser, which Mr. Wieser since informed us that he delivered
you, at a Council held here in the Year 1748. Now the King,
our Father, to show the Love he bears to Justice, as well as
his Affection to his Children, has sent a large Present of
Groods, to be divided among you and your Allies, which is here
ready to be deliver'd to you, and we desire that you will con-
firm the Treaty of Lancaster.
Brethren, it is the Design of the King, our Father, at present,
to make a Settlement of P>ritish Subjects on the South East
Side of Ohio, that we may be united as one People, by the
strongest Ties of Neighbourhood as well as Friendship, & by
these Means be able to withstand the Insults of our Enemies,
be they of what Kind soever.
From such a Settlement greater Advantages will arise to
you, than you can at present conceive, our People will be able
to supply you with (ioods much Cheaper than can at this Time
l^e afforded; they will be a ready Help in Case you shou'd
he attacked, and some good Men among them will be ap-
pointed, with Authority to punish & restrain the many Injuries
& Abuses too frequently committed here, by disorderly white
People.
Brethren, be assured that the King, our Father, by purchas-
ing your T^nds, had never any Intention of takein^i^ them from
you, but that we might live t(^gether as one People, & kce*^
them from the French, who wou'd be bad Neighbours.
He is not like the French King, who calls himself your
Father. & endeavoured about three Years ago with an armed
Force to take Possession of your Country, by setting up In-
scriptions on Trees, and at the Mouths of Creeks on this River,
by which he claims the Lands, tho' at the Time of their Com-
ing & for many Years before, a Number of your Brethren, the
English, were residing in this Town, & at seveial ^ther Places
on this River.
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162 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
You Will remember how he scattered the Shawness, so that
they are since dispersed all over the Face of the Earth ; and he
now threatens to cut off the Twightwees. This is to weaken
you that he may cut you off also, which he durst not Attempt
while you are united.
On the Contrary, the King, your Father, will lay his Hand
on your Heads, under which Protection you will always re-
main safe.
Brethren, the great King, our Father, recommends a strict
Union between us, you, & our Brethren towards the Sun
setting, which will make us strong & formidable, as a Division
may have a contrary Effect. We are directed to send a small
Present to the Twightwees as an Earnest of the Regard which
the Governor of Virginia has for them, with an Assurance of
his further Friendship, when ever they shall stand in Need.
Brethren :
We earnestly exhort you not to be drawn away by the
empty, deceitful Speeches of ye french, the peculiar Talent of
that cunning people, but in all their attempts to shake your
Duty to our common Father, think on what real Acts of friend-
ship have been done by the English, and what by them ; weigh
these Things in your Minds, and then determine who best cl
serves your Esteem and regard, for it is not by vain, unmean-
ning Words true friendship is to be discovered. That what
we have said may have the deeper impression on you & have
its full force we present you with this Belt of Wampum.
Gave a Belt.
Brethren, It is many years ago that the English first came
over the great Water to visit you ; on our first coming you took
hold of our Ships and tied them to your strongest Trees, ever
since which we have remained together in friendship ; we have
assisted you when you have been attacked by the French, by
which you have been able to withstand them, and you have
remained our good Friends & Allies, for tho' at some times
the Qiain of friendship may have contracted some Rust, it
has been easily rubbed off, and the Chain has been restored
to its brightness. This, we hope, will always be the Case, and
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THE TREATY OF LOGG*S TOWN, 1 752. 163
that our friendship may continue to the latest posterity we
g^ve you this String of Wampum.
Gave a String.
Brethren :
We are sorry for the occasion that requires us to com-
plain to you of an Injury done us by one of your people who
murdered a poor Woman on the new River. Murder is a great
Crime, and by the Consent of all Nations, has been usually
punished with death; this is ye usage among the English,
whether one of our own people has been killed, or one of our
Brethren, the Indians, and it is one of the earliest commands
of the great father and maker of us all, who inhabits the
skies, that whoso shedeth Man's Blood, by man his Blood
shall be shed.
We understand that you know the Man that is accused of
the Murder, and we hope you will give him up to be tried
by our Law. You may be assured that he will have a fair
trial, and if he is not guilty, he will be sent back unhurt.
We must inform you that the Governor of Virginia expects
that you will deliver the person supposed to be guilty up to
some Magistrate in Virginia, whom we shall name to you
that he may send him to W°''burg for his trial.
This procedure is not only proper, as it is a compliance with
the law of God, and of Nations, but it is necessary to warn all
hot-headed men who are not guided by reason to forbear from
such wicked Actions, by which their Brethren suffer.
Brethren :
We desire for the future that you will observe the Treaty
of Lancaster, and whenever your people travel through Vir-
ginia, that they will take such passes as are directed by that
Treaty. By these passes, signed by Magistrates, the Men will
be known, which will be some restraint on them as to their
behaviour. It will be proper, also, that a man of prudence &
discretion should head such a party that one among them, if
possible, should speak English, and that by no means any
French or french Indians be suffered to go with them.
We might have mentioned many other Irregularities, but
we have forborne, in hopes that for the future you will give
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164 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
your people such orders as will prevent our having any further
occasion to complain. To inforcc what we have said and to
induce you to do us justice, we present you with this Belt of
Wampum,
gave a Belt.
The Commissioners then spoke to the Allies of the Six Na-
tions, who were present, having first advised with the half
King, and being joined by him in the Speeches in the name
of the Six Nations.
Brethren, the Delawares, we thank you for the kind recep-
tion you gave us when we came to Shenapins, which we shall
never forget. We advise and exhort you to beware of french
Councils, & that you will adhere to a strict friendship with
us, the Six Nations, and your Brethren who live towards the
Sun setting, which will strengthen us all, and be a sure de-
fence against our Enemies. To confirm you in this mind, w-e
present you with this Belt of Wampum,
gave a Belt.
Brethren, the shawness, your Nation has suffered much
by French Devices by which you have been dispers'd. We
exhort you that remain, that you keep firm hold of the great
Chain of Friendship between us, the six Nations & their Allies,
which is the likeliest Method to retrieve your Loss, and again
' to make you an happy People. We present you with this
Belt of Wampum.
Gave a Belt.
Brethren, the Windots, your Nation is divided, & Part is
under the Direction of the French ; we think it wou'd be good
Policy in you that are in our Interest, to endeavor to bring
over your Brethren. But if this can't be done, you ought to
take all the Care in your Power, that they do not, under the
Colour & Name of Friendship, come into our Country & hurt
our Inhabitants ; or, if they do, that you will endeavor to
secure them on their Return & give them up : to prevent any
Misunderstanding, w^e present you with this Belt of Wampum.
Gave a Belt.
After the Speeches had been spoke, & interpreted; The
Commissioners, in his Majesty's Name, delivered the Present
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, 1 752. 165
of Goods to the half King & the other Chiefs of the Indian?,
who thankfully received them, & appointed some of their Men
to make a Division of them, which they did, without the least
Noise or Disorder, on the Spot, among the several Nations;
whose representatives respectively took Charge of their Parts,
to be subdivided when they carried them Home.
The half King then, with a ten rowed Belt, of Wampum in
his Hand, directing his Speech to Eghnisara, which is Mr.
Montour's indian Name, said:
Child, remember that you are one of our own People, and
have transacted a great Deal of Business among us before ;
you were emplo}ed by our brethren of Pensylvania and Vir-
ginia ; you are Interpreter between us and our Brethren, which
we are well pleased at, for we are sure our Business will go on
well & Justice be done on both Sides. But you are not Inter-
preter only ; for ) ou are one of our Council, have an equal
Right with us to all these Lands, & may transact any publick
Business in behalf of us, the six Nations, as well as any of
us, for we look upon you as much as we do upon any of the
chief Counsellors ; and to confirm what we have said, we pre-
sent you with this Belt of Wampum.
Gave a Belt.
Then addressing himself to the Comnu'ssioners of Virginia,
and all the Indians present, with a String of Wampum in his
Hand, he spoke as follows:
Brethren, it is a great while since our brother, the Buck
(meaning Mr. George Croghan) has been doing Business
between us, & our Brother of Pensylvania. but we understood
he does not intend to do any more, so I now inform you that
he is approved of by our Council at Onondago, for we sent to
them to let them know how he has helped us in our Councils
here ; and to let you & him know that he is one of our People
and shall help us still & be one our Council, I deliver him this
String of Wampum.
Gave a Belt.
He next spoke to the Shawness, and told them he took the
Hatchet from them, & tied them with black Strings of Wam-
pum, to hinder them from going to War against the Chero-
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166 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
kees ; he said they had struck their own Body & did not know
what they were doing ; had they not some of their own People
whom they wou'd get back, and wou'd it not .be better to be
at Peace, to bring them back? He charged them not to go
again to strike their own People, & he said that he hoped that
the Governors of Virginia and Pensylvania wou'd interest
themselves in making a Peace.
Gave a black String of Wampum.
Then turning to the Delewars, he said, you went to the
Windots & delivered them a Speech & a Belt of Wampum, to
make a Peace between you and the Cherokees, & after you
came back, you let your young Men go to War against the
Cherokees, which was very wrong after you had delivered the
Speech, which I myself, being present, heard.
I take the Hatchet from you ; you belong to me, & I think
you arc to be ruled by me, & I, joining with your Brethren
of Virginia, order you to go to war no more.
Gave a Belt of Wampum.
Taking a belt of Wampum in his Hand, he proceeded as
followeth :
Brethren, the Governors of Virginia & Pensylvania, some
Years ago we made a Complaint to our Brother of Pensylvania,
that his Traders brought out too much of spirituous Liquors
among us, & desired that there might not come such Quan-
tities, and hoped he wou'd order his Traders to sell their Goods
& Liquors at cheaper Rates.
In Answer to our request, Conrad Wieser delivered us this
Belt of Wampum, & told us that we must pay but five Buck-
skins for a Cagg, & if the Traders wou'd not take that, we
shou'd have it for Nothing.
Since which Time there has been double the Quantity
brought out yearly & sold as formerly, & we have made our
C'omplaints since to try to stop such large Quantities from
being brought, but as there has been no Notice taken to pre-
vent it, we believe Mr. Wieser spoke only from his mouth, &
not from his Heart, and without the Governor's Authority, so
we think proper to return the Belt.
He gave the Belt to Mr. Croghan.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752. 167
Thursday, June nth.
Present :
Joshua Fry, Lunsford Lomax, James Patton, Commissioners.
Mr. Christopher Gist, Agent for the Ohio Company.
The Chiefs of the six Nations.
Mr. Andrew Montour, Interpreter.
The Commissioners of Virginia delivered to the six Na-
tions a String of Wampum & Suit of Indian Clothing, to wipe
away their Tears for the Loss of one of their Chiefs, who
lately came down from the Head of Ohio to Loggs Town, &
died there.
Afterwards the half King spoke to the Delawars. Nephews,
you received a Speech last Year from your Brother, the Gov-
ernor of Pensylvania, and from us, desiring you to choose one
of your wisest Counsellors t present him to us, for a King, as
you have done it, we let you know that it is our Right to give
you a King, and we think proper to give you Shingas for
your King, whom you must look upon as your Chief, & witli
whom all publick Business must be transacted between you
& your Brethren, the English.
On which the half King put a laced Hat on the Head of the
Beaver, who stood Proxy for his Brother Shingas, & pre-
sented him also with a rich Jacket & a suit of English Colours,
which had been delivered to the Half King, by the Commis-
sioners for that Purpose.
The Commissioners, addressing themselves to the Shawness,
acquainted them that they understood that their chief King
Cockawichy, who had been a good Friend to the English, was
lying bed-rid, and that to show the Regard they had for his
past Services, they took this Opportunity to acknowledge it, by
presenting him with a Suit of Indian Clothing.
Then the half King spoke as follows:
Brother the Governor of Virginia, You acquainted us yes-
terday with the King's Right to all Lands in Virginia as far
as it is settled, & back from thence to the Sun setting, when-
ever he shall think fit to extend his Settlements. You pro-
duced a Copy of the Deed, made by the Onondago Council at
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the Treaty of Lancaster, & desired tliat your Brethren of Ohio
might likewise confirm that Deed.
Brother, the Governor of Virginia, We are well acquainted
that our chief Council, at the Treaty of Lancaster, confirmed a
Deed to you for a Quantity of Land in Virginia which you
have a Right to, & likewise our Brother Onas has a right to
a Parcel of Land in Pensylvania. We are glad you have ac-
quainted us with the Right to those Lands, & we -assure you
we are willing to confirm any Thing our Council has done in
Regard to the Land, but we never understood, before you told
us Yesterday, that the Lands then sold were to extend further
to the Sun setting than the Hill on the other Side of the Alle-
gany Hill, so that we can't give you a further Answer now.
Brother, you acquainted us yesterday that the French were
a designing People, which we now see & know that they de-
sign to cheat us out of our Lands ; you told us that the King
of England designed to settle some Lands on the South East
Side of Ohio, that it might be better in our Brethren's Power
to help us, if w-e were in Need, than it is at Present at the
great Distance they live from us : we are sure the French de-
sign nothing else but Mischief, for they have struck our
Friends, the Twightwees. We therefore desire our Brethren
of Virginia may build a strong House, at the Fork of the
Mohongalio, to keep such Goods, Powder, Lead & necessaries
as shall be w^anting, and as soon as you please : and as we have
given our Cousins, the Delawars, a King, who lives there, we
desire you will look upon him as a Chief of that Nation.
Gave a large String of Wampum.
Brethren, your Brothers that live on the Ohio are all War-
riors & hunters, & likew^ise your Brothers, the Traders, ai^c
not all wise Men : there has been Reason for many Complaints
for some Time past, but we will not complain of our Brethren,
the Traders, for we love them, & can't live without them, but
w-e hope you will take care to send none among us but good
Men, sure you know them that are fit, & we hope you will
advise them how to behave, & we will take all the Care we
can of our young Men, that they shall behave better than
thev have done.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG's TOWN, I752. 169
We well remember when first we saw our Brethren, the
English, & we remember the first Council we had with them, &
we shall do all we can to keep the Chain of Friendship from
Rust.
This Evening the Commissioners had a private Conference
with the half King, on the Subject of the strong House, for it
had been alleged, that the Expression implied a Settlement of
People, as well as an House. The Question being asked
whether he meant it in that Sense or not. He answered in the
Negative.
The Commissioners then told him that a Trade cou'd never
be carried on with them to their Advantage, unless we had a
Settlement of People near to raise Provision & make them
plenty & cheap, for whilst the Traders were obliged to bring
theirs from Pensylvania, or purchase of those who brought
them for sale, they were oblig'd to lay a greater Advance on
their Goods to answer that Charge. & that if at any Time they
themselves shou'd stand in need of Assistance against an
Enemy, it would be easier for their Brethren, the English, to
send ]\Ien than to support them afterwards with Provisions.
Fryday, the 12th of June.
The half King & the deputy from the Onondago Council,
with a String of Wampum, informed the Commissioners that
one Fraizer a Smith, in the Town of Wivvango. threatened to
remove; that they did not desire he should leave, them, but, if
he did, they wished another might be sent to them, & they
said they had not a sufficient Number of Traders there to
supply them with Goods.
To which the Commissioners replied that they wou'd repre-
sent their Case to the Governor of Virginia, & hoped they
wou'd be supplied according to their Desire.
The same Day the Chiefs of the Shawnese. with a String
of Wampum, thanked the Commissioners for their good Ad-
vice. They acknowledged that they had been led astray by
the French, & had suffered for it, & said that they wou'd take
Care not to be deceived by the French again, but would keep
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170 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
fast hold to the Chain of Friendship between the English, the
six Nations & themselves.
The Commissioners thanked them for their Attachment to
the English, & desired their Compliments might be made to the
young King of the Shawnese, who was generously gone to
the Assistance of the Pitts ; they sent him also a laced Hat and
a rich Jacket.
A little before the Treaty began, a Trader's Man about fort}'
Miles above Loggs Town, cut an Indian of the six Nations
dangerously across the Wrist with a Knife, & took his Gun
from him, which much exasperated the Indian, & he threatened
to revenge it on some of the Traders. To pacify him the
Commissioners gave him a Gun, & Mr. George Croghan a
thousand of Wampum to pay for the Cure, on which the In-
dian returned thanks for the Care his Brethren had taken, &
assured them they had removed all Anger from his Breast, and
that he wou'd think no more of what had happened.
Saturday, June the 13th.
Present :
Joshua Fry, Lunsford Lomax, James Patton, Commissioners.
Mr. Christopher Gist, Agent for the Ohio Company.
The Chiefs of the six Nations.
Mr. Andrew Montour, Interpreter.
Thonarison, speaking to the Commissioners, said:
Brethren, you told us you sent a Present of Goods in the
Year 1748, which you say Conrad Wieser delivered at this
Town ; he may have told you so, but we assure you we never
heard of it from him ; it is true he did deliver us Goods then,
but we understood him they were from our Brother Onas**
he never made mention of the great King, our Father, nor
of our Brother Assaragos"
i<*Onas. the Indian name for the Governor of Pennsylvania.
^^Assaregos, or Assaregoa, the Indian name for the Governor of
Virginia.
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THE TREATY OF LOGG's TOWN, I752, 171
Then, directing his Speech to the Governor of Virginia, he
said:
Brother, you complained to us that some of our People had
murdered a Woman in Virginia ; it is true there has been such
a Thing done & Brother we know the Man that did it; he is
one of our six Nations, although he has lived some time among
the French. We cannot make an Excuse for so barbarous a
Murder, but we assure you he did it without our Knowledge, &
we beleive the evil Spirit tempted him to do it ; we will let the
Onondago Council know what has been done, & we believe
they will try to get him, & make a satisfaction for the Crime
committed.
Gave a String of black & white Wampum.
Brother, we have heard what you said in Regard to the
King's Design of making a Settlement of his People on the
Waters of the River Ohio; you likewise told us you had a
Deed for those Lands signed by our Council at the Treaty of
Lancaster ; we assure you of our Willingness to agree to what
our Council does or has done, but we have not the full Power
in our Hands here on Ohio.
We must acquaint our Council at Onondago of the Affair,
and whatsoever they bid us do, we will do.
In Regard to our Request of Building a strong House at the
Mouth of Mohongalio, you told us it wou'd require a Settle-
ment to support it with provisions & necessaries. It is true,
but we will take Care that there shall tie no Scarcity of that
Kind, untill we can give you a full Answer; Although in all
our Wars we don't consider Provisions, for we live on one
another; but we know it is different with our Brethren, the
English.
Gave three Strings of white Wampum..
The Commissioners having drawn an Instrument of writ-
ing for confirming the Deed made at Lancaster, & containing
a Promise that the Indians wou*d not molest our Settlements
on the South East Side of Ohio, desired Mr. Montour to con-
fer with his Brethren, the other Sachems, in private, on the
Subject, to urge the Necessity of such a Settlement & the
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great Advantage it wou'd be to them, as to their Trade or their
Security.
On which they retir'd for half an Hour, & then return'd, &
Mr. Montour said they were satisfied in the Matter & were
willing to sign & seal the Writing, which was done & witnessed
by the Gentlemen then present.
The half King spoke as followeth :
Brethren, the Governors of Virginia & Pensylvania, you ex-
pressed your Regard for our Friends & Allies, the Twightwees,
& have considerecl their Necessities at present, we return you
our Thanks for your Care of them ; we will join with you, &
desire you will deliver them this Belt and let them know from
us, that we desire them not to forget what they did in Pen-
sylvania when they were down four Years ago and Joined in
Friendship with our Brethren, the English : we desire they may
hold fast by the Chain of Friendship, & not listen to any but
their Brethren, the English. & us, the six Nations, Delawars &
Shawnese, as we will stand by them ; we expect they will
come down & confirm the Friendship they have engaged in
with the English.
He delivered the Belt, to be sent to the Shawnese.
The Commissioners then opened the Road to \'irginia with
a Belt of Wampum, & the following Speech :
Brethren, we have travelled through a long & dark Way to
meet you at this Council: we have now compleated our Busi-
ness with Pleasure & Satisfaction, both to you & us, & as we
are now returning back, we do in the name of the great King,
Your Father, as also in the Name of your Brother, the Gov-
ernor of X'irginia. remove all Obstacles out of the way, & make
clear the Road that you may at any time send Messengers >o
us on any Occasion, and we shall always be ready to receive
them kindly, and look upon you as our Brethren : and in Token
of our Sincerity of our Hearts, we present you with this Belt
of Wampum.
Gave the Belt.
The Commissioners added:
Brethren, at the Treaty of Lancaster, the Commissioners
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THE TREATY OF LOGG'S TOWN, I752. 173
informed you of a large House built among us for the edu-
cating of Indian Children, & desired that you would send some
of Yours ; we now make you the same Offer, but if you think
it too far to send your Children, we desire to know whether
it wou*d be agreeable to you that Teachers shou'd be sent
among you.
The Advantage of an Etiglish Education are greater than
can be imagined by those who are unacquainted with it. By it
we know in that Part of the World from whence we came;
how Nations for some thousands of Years back have arose,
grown powerful, or decayed ; how they have removed from one
Place to another; what Battles have been fought; what great
Men have lived, & how the\ have acted, either in Council or
in War.
In this Part of the World we know from the first Time the
Spaniards came to it, how cruelly they used the Indians, then
whollv ignorant of fire Arms. And we know the Actions of
the French against you & others. There are many Benefits
arising from a good Education, which wou'd be too long to be
mentioned, but the greatest of all is, that by it we are ac-
auainted with the Will of the great God, the Creator of the
World and Father of us all, who inhabits the Skies, by which
the better People among us regulate their Lives, & hope after
Death to live with him forever.
Gave a String of Wampum.
To which the half King, after a short Pause, answered :
Brethren, we heard of the Offer which was made us yt
Lancaster, & we thank you for that which you make us now,
but we can give you no Answer before we have consulted the
Onondago Council about it.
A Copy of the Instrument of writing before mentioned.
Whereas, at the Treaty of Lancaster, in the County of Lan-
caster & Province of Pensylvania, held between the Govern-
ment of Virginia & the six united Nations of Indians, in the
Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred & sevcnty-foi'.r
[sic, but forty-four is of cause meant] ; the Hon'ble Thoma;^
Lee and William Beverly, Esqrs., being Commissioners, a Deed
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174 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
recognizing & acknowledging the Right & Title of his Majesty
our sovereign Lord, the King of great Britain, to all the Lands
within the Colony of Virginia, as it was then or hereafter,
might be peopled & bounded by his Majesty, our sovereign
Lord, the King, his Heirs & Successors, was signed, sealed
& delivered by the Sachems & Chiefs of the six united Nations,
then present, as may more fully appear by the s* Deed, refer-
ence thereunto being had : We, Conogariera, Cheseago, Cown-
sagret, Enguisara, Togrondoaro, Thonorison, Sachems &
Chiefs of the s* united Nations, now met in Council at Loggs
Town, do hereby signify our Consent & Confirmation of said
Deed in as full & ample a Manner as if the same was here re-
cited. And whereas his Majesty has a present Design of
making a Settlement or Settlements of British Subjects on
the southern or eastern Parts of the River Ohio, called other-
wise the Allagany. We in Council (Joshua Fry, Lunsford Lo-
max, & James Patton, being Commissioners on behalf of his
Majesty) do give our consent thereto, & do further promise
that the said Settlement or Settlements shall be unmolested by
us, and that we will, as far as in our power, assist and Protect
the British Subjects there inhabiting.
In Witness whereof we have hereunto put our hands and
Seals this thirteenth day of June, in the Year of our Lord
1752.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
175
THE VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM
PARISH, VA., 1707-1750.
(continued)
Antoine Bernard, i Isaac Robinson,
Edward Brayer,
Thomas Dikins,
Henry Bely,
Tom,
London,
Gini,
Matt,
Maria,
Jacob Trabu, London,
Thomas Martain,
Marque,
Betti,
Jaque.
Elie Sasin,
John Williamson,
Jean Vilain, j.,
Magfdelaine Salle's Bob,
Pierre Dep.,
Pierre Salle, Jimi, 2
David Bernard, i
Jean Bernard, i
Jaque Faure, Pierre Bioret, 2
Jean Bonduran, Pierre Bon-
duran, 2
John Harris, Patrick, Fil-
lis, 3.
Daniel Pero, Stiphin Reno,
Joe, 3
John James Florinoir, '^
John Worley, I
Sesar, I" 4
Yemma, I
Suky, J
Samuel Wever, i
Jaque Soblet, i
Jaque Desasi, i
Jean Pierre Bilbo, Sara, 2
Isaac Gori, i
Wm. Stanford, i
Pierre David, Dick, Manue,
Dina, 4
February 7, 1735-6. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
toine Benin, Jean Pierre Billiebo, Estiene Chastain, Pierre
Faure, Jean Jaque Dupuy; Guillieaume Salle, Pierre Gueran,
Andre Amonet, David Lesueur. Received of David Lesueur
one pound six shillings in money.
Jeax Chastain.
July 25, 1736. The vestry assembled at the close of the
preaching. Present: Antoine Benin. Jean Jaque Bilbo, Esti-
ene Chastain, Antoine Rapine, Pierre Faure, David Lesueur,
Guilieaume Salle, Pierre Gueran, Andre Amonet. We agreed
with Mr. Gavin to preach 26 sermons per year in our church,
he binding himself to preach seventeen on Sunday and the
rest in the week, at twenty shillings per sermon, payable in
wheat at three shillings per bushel or in maize at eighteen
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176 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
pence per bushel, delivered partly below and partly at his
place.*^
Jean Chastain.
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William for
THE Year 1736.
Willeam Stanford,
I
Antoine Rapine,
7
Thomas Dickens,
10
Jean Jaque Florinoir,
3
Estiene Calvet,
4
Mathieu Oge,
3
Barthelemi and Pierre Du-
Jaque Faure,
I
puy.
2
Pierre Depp,
3
Andre Amonnet,
I
Cp. Jaque Holman,
2
Jean Levilain, signor,
5
Daniel Pero,
4
David Leseiir, constable^^
Christophe Charlton,
I
Pierre David,
6
Jaque Brian,
2
Thomas Porter,
4.
Estiene Malet,
4
Antoine Benin,
7
^lathieu Jordin,
I
Jean Porter,
3
John Haris,
I
Pierre Bilbo,
2
Benjamin Haris,
r
Thomas Bradley,
I
Samuel Wever,
I
Guilieaume Salle.
5
Eduard Scott,
7
Edw. Tanner and Edw.
Ralph Flipin,
2
Tanner, jun..
2
^Ma^rdelaine Salle's tithables
I
Jean and Pierre Bonduran
2
Jean Levilain,
I
Pierre Salle.
2
Moyse Eorqueran,
I
*2Mr. Marye was transferred to St. George's Parish, Spottsylvanta
county, in October, 1735, cf. note to entry of August 16, 1730. above,
and Rev. Anthony Gavain seems to have entered at once into his
labors. Mr. Gavain's first engagement in the parish is, however,
brief, as he becomes dissatisfied with the way in which his contract is
being fulfilled, and retires in favor of Mr. Brooke in December, 1736.
The agreement with him is renewed in 1739, 1740, 1741 and 1743-44,
when he appears for the last time in this register.
Mr. (iavain received the Bishop of London's blessing in May, I735t
and departed for the Virginia colony in that year. Cf. a letter from
him in Perry's Papers Relating to the Church in Virginia, pp. 360-61,
dated from St. James' Parish, Goochland, Aug. 5, 1738. Beyond this
reference, which I owe to Mr. \V. G. Stanard, of the Virginia Historical
Society, and the record of pne baptism performed by Mr. Gavain in
King William Parish in 1739 (Brock. Uugcnot Emigration, p. 99), I
have not been able to find out any facts concerning him.
^^ionctable. The present list contains the only mention of such
officers in the register.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 177
Antoine Chareron, i Jaque Martain, 3
Pierre Louys Soblet, 2 Jacob Trabue, 2
Pierre Soblet, i Jean Willeamson, i
The Widow Soulie's tith- Elie Sasin, i
ables, 3 Edward Bryer, i
Rene Chastain, 3 Isaac Robinson, i
Pierre Faure, 2 Jean Moriset, i
Antoine Bernar, i Jean Thomas, 2
David Thomas, i The Widow Dupre, 2
Pierre Loucadou, i The Widow Martain, 2
Jean Jaque Dupuy, 2 The Widow Dupuy, i
Kstiene Farsi, 3 Daniel Faure, 2
Estiene Chastain, 6 Jean Faure, i
Patrick Gilbliet, I Wm. Lansdon, 2
Willeam Ashfield, i Jean Smith, I
Joseph Bingli, 4 Jaque Robinson, constable,
Jean Chastain, 2 Jaque Soblet, i
Gedeon Chambon, 4 Pierre Gueran, 7
The vestry assembled August 3, 1736. Present: Antoine
Benain, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Antoine Rapine, Pierre Faure,
wheat and a bushel and a half of maize per tithable.
Jean Chastain,
The vestry assembled December 3, 1736. Present: Jean
Pierre Bilbo, Antoine Rapine, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure,
David Lesueur, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Pierre Gueran, Antoine
Benin. Monr. Gavin having encountered difficulties regard-
ing his payment, he stands by his first agreement. He had not
been granted ferriage for his servants nor the glebe.
Jean Chastain,
This day, June 4, 1737, the vestry agreed with Mr Brook**
to preach six sermons per year, and we are to pay him two
i*Rev. Zachariah Brooke, the first minister of St. Paul's Parish,
in Hanover county. Cf. Meade, I, 469. He had already found time
although in charge of a phenomenally large parish, to perform bap-
tisms in King William Parish in 1727. The contract with him is re-
newed for twelve sermons per year in 1738; but in the following year
Mr. Gavain takes his place. Mr. Brooke likewise performed baptisms
in the parish in 1737 and 1738. Cf. the register of baptisms in
Brock, Huguenot Emigation to Virginia.
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178 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
pounds per sermon in wheat at three shillings a bushel, in
maize at eighteen pence a bushel, delivered at the falls' mill.
He commenced on this arrangement to-day.
Jean Chastain^
September 13, 1737. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
toine Benin, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure,
Guillieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupui, Pierre Gueran, Andre
Amonnet. The vestry employed Antoine Chareron to carry
a letter to Mr. Lapierre, in order to know if he can come^ and
to bring us the answer to it. The vestry assigned him three
pounds, ten shillings, payable, three pounds in wheat and in
maize, and ten shillings in money.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the assessment was made of one bushel of
Wheat and one bushel of maize per head.
Jean Chastain.
September 23, 1737. Estiene Malet and Rene Chastain
took the oath of vestrymen for the Parish of King William.
Present: Antoine Benain, Jean Pierre Bilbo, David Lesueur,
Estiene Chastain, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonnet, Es-
tiene Malet, Guillieaume Salle, Rene Chastain, Pierre Gue-
ran.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Malet and Rene Chastain took the
oath as church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
The church wardens are to make a contract with a doctor
to cure Isaac Gori, and in case he recovers, he is to repay
the parish.
Jean Chastain.
April 21, 1738. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Malet, Rene Chastain, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure, An-
toine Benin, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Guilieaume Salle, David Le-
sueur, Andre Amonnet, Pierre Gueran, Jean Jaque Dupuy. It
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
179
was agreed with Mr. Brook to pay him twenty-six shillings
per sermon. He is to preach twelve times per year, commenc-
ing to-day. He is to be paid in wheat at three shillings per
bushel, delivered at his place, in maize at eighteen pence per
bushel, delivered at his place.
Jean Chastain.
The same day it was decreed by the vestry that Estieni;
Mallet bind himself to furnish Isaac Gori with food and lodg-
ing and bed and washing for a year ; and in case of death, he
shall be paid in proportion as is agree, viz: six (pounds) per
year, payable half in wheat, half in maize, at three shillings for
the wheat, the maize at eighteen pence.
Jean Chastain.
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William fok
THE Year 1737.
Jean Chastain,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Bernard,
Rene Chastain,
Pierre Martain,
Daniel Perault,
Jean Porter,
Estiene Malet,
Estiene Farsi,
Jean Levilain, s.,
Thos. Gadsi,
Jean Trutin,
Guilieaume Salle,
Barthelemi Dupuy,
Pierre Dupuy,
Pierre Faure.
Antoine Benin,
Jean Dilion,
David Leseuer.
Jaque Brian,
Estiene Panetie,
2
Jaque Faure,
2
1
Edward Tanner,
I
I
Joseph Bonduran,
I
I
Jaque Robinson,
I
6
Thomas Honi,
I
4
Joseph Bingli,
4
3
Edward Scott,
9
3
Pierre Soblet.
I
2
Jean Harris,
4
5
Richard Stones,
I
4
Samuel Wever,
I
I
Thomas Porter,
2
7
l^dward Sarp^ent,
I
I
Benjamin, Haris,
I
I
Pierre Gueran,
6
3
Cholmen's Wott,
I
7
Jean Jaque Florinoir,
3
I
Christophe Charlton,
I
I
Thomas Dikins,
8
2
Charle Amonnet,
I
I
The Widow Salle,
T
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180 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Jean Panetie,
I
Jean Levilain, j.,
I
Jean Bottler,
5
Richard Dine,
2
Pierre Loucadou,
I
Moise Forqueran,
I
Jean Biblo,
2
The Widow Dupre,
I
Mathieu Oge,
3
Jaque Martain,
3
Pierre David,
7
Jacob Trabue,
3
The Widow Soulie.
3
Jean Williamson,
. I
Thomas Bradli,
I
Elie Sassin,
I
Pierre Salle,
2
Edward Bryer,
I
Jean Bonduran,
I
Isaac Robinson,
2
Pierre Bonduran,
I
Jean Morisset,
I
Pierre Louis Soblet,
2
Jean Thomas,
2
Antoine Chareron,
I
Charle Pene,
2
David Tomas,
I
The Widow Martain,
2
Estiene Chastain.
6
Jean Jaque Dupuy,
2
170
July 15, 1738. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Malet, Rene Chastain, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Gueran, An-
toine Benin, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Guilieaume Salle, Jean Jaque
Dupuy were elected church wardens, having already taken the
oath prescribed by law.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Mallet and Rene Chastain rendered
their account of their administration for the year 1737. They
gave their note for the amount which they owe.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Antoine Benin and Jean Pierre Bilbo were
discharged of their administration for the years 1735 ^^^
1736. They gave their note for the money.
Jean Chastain.
The vestry assembled. Present: Guilieaume Salle, Jan
Jaque Dupuy, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure, Andre Amon-
net, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Gueran, David Lesueur, Estiene
Malet. The levy for the present year, 1738, amounts to one
bushel of wheat and a half-bushel of maize per head.
Jean Chastain.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
181
June II, 1739. .The vestry assembled. Present: Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Guilieaume Salle, Andre Amonnet, Jean Pierre
Bilbo, Pierre Faure, Rene Chastain, Jean Levilain, le June,
and Jean Bernar took the oath of vestrymen for the Parish
of King William.
Jean Chastain.
List of Tithables of the Parish of King William for
THE Year 1738.
Barthelimi Dupuy,
I
Edward Tanner, jun..
I
Pierre Dupuy,
I
Anne David,
6
Pierre Gueran,
5
Jaque Soblet,
2
Rene Chastain.
3
Pierre Louys Soblet,
4
Jean Chastain,
3
Charle Beler,
2
Thomas Godsi,
4
Willeam Banton,
I
Jcame Th. Dilion,
I
Thomas Elsoan,
I
David Thomas,
I
Anne Scott,
7
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
2
Estiene Malet,
2
Thomas Porter,
4
Jean Levilain. sig..
5
John Porter,
2
Jean Jaque Florinoir,
4
Antoine Benin,
5
Roberd Craghad,
I
Daniel Pero,
4
Samuel Wever,
I
Pierre Martain,
6
Jean Harris,
4
Jean Jaque Dupuy,
2
Estiene Chastain,
6
Pierre Dep,
2
Jean Bottler,
3
Estiene Farsi,
2
Jaque Gase,
I
Matthieu Age,
3
Cp. Holmen,
I
Richar Dudleey,
I
Binjamen Haris,
2
Joseph Bingly,
3
Thomas Dikins,
I
Jaque Brian,
2
Willeam Ashfild,
I
David Lesueur,
I
Charles Peen,
2
Andre Amonnet,
I
The Widow Martain,
2
Guilieaume Salle,
4
Jean Moriset
I
Estiene Panetie,
I
Isaac Robinson,
2
Francoise Soulie,
4
Edward Brayer,
I
Jaque Faure,
2
Elie Sasain,
I
Jean Bonduran,
I
Jonathan.
I
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182 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The Widow Bonduran,
3
Jean Willeamson,
I
Thomas Bradli,
I
Jacob Trabu,
3
Jean Bernar,
I
Jaque Hood,
I
Pierre Salle,
2
Jaque Martain,
4
Rober Davidson,
I
The Widow Dupre,
I
Jaque Robinson,
2
Moyse Forqueran,
I
Pierre Faure,
3
Richard Dine.
2
Jean Carner,
I
Jaque Lester,
I
Pierre Soblet,
I
Jean Levilain,
I
Antoine Trabue,
I
Charle Amonnet,
I
—
The Widow Salle,
I
88
Thomas Richison,
John Thomas,
2
1/8
April 7, 1739. The vestry assembled. Present: Guillieaume
Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Estiene Chastain, Pierre Faure, Es-
tiene Malet, David Lesueur, Rene Qiastain, Andre Amonnet,
Jeane Pierre Bilbo. The vestry gave full power to the church
wardens to prosecute Pierre Martain for the money which
Mr. Rapine was owing to the parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
August 20, 1739. The vestry assembled. Present: Guil-
lieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, David Lesueur, Pierre Gue-
rant, Andre Amonnet, Estiene Malet, Jean Bernar, Jean Jaque
Bilbo. The vestry appointed Charle Peen and Edward Bryer
to procession the land from the line of Jacob Trabu to the line
of Charle Peene ; Jacob Trabu and Richard Deen from Jacob
Trabu to the creek below ; and Pr. Louys Soblet and Thomas
Porter from the creek below to the creek above, the old line
of the ten thousand acres; and Edward Kamton and Estiene
Farsi from the first line along the branch to Mr. Dutoy on
both sides ; and above the creek Pierre Martain and Jean Har-
ris.
Jean Chastain.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 183
The same day Jean Bemar and Andre Amonnet took the
oath of church wardens in the accustomed manner.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Guilieaume Salle and Jean Jaque Dupuy ren-
dered their account for the year 1738 in the presence of the
vestrymen named above. The parish owes them three bushels
and one-half of wheat.
Jean Chastain.
The late Mr. Chastain" left by will to the poor of the parish
of King Willam five pounds, of which the church wardens,
Guilieaume Salle and Jean Jaque Dupuy, have paid out three
pounds, one shilling and sixpence.
Jean Chastain.
Estiene Malet has received a guinea from Mr. Chastain;
from Antoine Benin and from Jean Pierre Bilbo one pound
eighteen shillings, which was due the parish ; from Jean Pape-
ham, four pounds, six shillings and one penny ; and Rene Chas-
tain has received fourteen shillings from David Lesueur, which
was due the parish.
September i, 1739. The vestry assembled at the close of
the preaching. Present: Andre Amonet, Jean Bernar, Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Guilliaume Salle, Pierre Ffaure, Jean Pierre Bil-
bos, Estienne Mallet, Pierre Guerrant, Rane Chastain, David
Le Sueur, Jean Levilain. We agreed with the Reverend Mr.
Gavin to preach in our church seventeen sermons for one year,
including four in French. He is to give us one Sunday notice
before coming to preach to us ; but in case he fail of preach-
ing the day appointed, one sermon shall be subtracted from
the seventeen sermons for each time that he shall fail. For
which we oblige ourselves to pay to him at the hands of Mon-
sieur Andre Amonnet two barrels of maize and two bushels
"Probably Etienne Chastain, who a]>pears for the last time in the
tax-list of 1737. He and his wife were among those who arrived in the
colony in the first ship-load of French emigrants, 1701. Cf. Brock.
p. 45. His wife died in 1725, aged 52 or 53.
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184 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of wheat for each sermon that he shall preach to us, and tiie
said Monsieur Gavin binds himself to preach to us on Sunday
from the month of April to the month of September. The
maize above is to be paid after Christmas Day.
Ant. Gavin, Minister.
• . Andre Amonnet,
, Jean Bernard.
Stephen Mallet,"
GuiLLAUME Salle,
Rane Chastain,
Pierre Guerrant,
Pierre Faure,
John Dupuy,
Jean Pierre Bilbou,
Jean Leuilain.
David Le Sueur.
September 8, 1739. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
dre Amonnet, Jean Bernar, Estiene Mallet, Guillieaume Salle,
Pierre Gueran, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Jean
Levilain. The levy for the present year is one bushel of
wheat and one bushel of maize per tithable, and those who
shall pay eight pence in silver shall be quit of half a bushel
of wheat. The eight pence in money arc for the suit at Wil-
liamsburg between Thomas Dikins and the parish, and for the
moulding.^^
Jean Chastain.
The same day it was agreed to give Jean Chastain six
pounds, the grain to be accepted as in the first contract.
Jean Chastain.
November 17, 1739. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
i^The signatures are personal.
^^pour le prosse de williambourg entre Thomas Dikins et la paroisse
et pour le godron. The above translation is simply a guess. Godron
has a number of uses, signifying, in the main, boss-work or a fluted
decoration.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WFLLIAM PARISH. 185
dre Amonnet, Jean Bernar, David Lesueur, GuilHeaume Salle,
Jean Jacque Dupuy, Estiene Malet, Jean Levilain, Rene Chas-
tain, Pierre Gueran. The vestry received the moulding, which
Guileaume Salle bought in order to decorate" the church,
amounting to twelve shillings in money.
The exj^mses of Elstiene Malet and Rene Chastain, on ac-
count of the suit of Dikins, amount to seven pounds and one
penny, for which we have made the levy of one bushel of wheat
and a bushel of maize, likewise in order to defray the ex-
penses of the parish ; and those who shall pay the eight pence
in silver shall be quit of a half-bushel of wheat, according to
the levy made Sept. 8, 1739.
March i, 1739 | 40. The vestry assembled. Present: An-
dre Amonnet, Jean Bernard, Pierre Faure, David Lesueur,"
Jean Jaque Dupuy, GuilHeaume Salle, Pierre Gueran, Jean
Pierre Bilbo, Rene Chastain. The vestry gives full power to
the church wardens to prosecute Pierre Martain for the to-
bacco that Mr. Rapine has received from the parish.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the vestry gave full power to the church
warden to prosecute Estiene Panetie for the levy of the parish
of King William, for not being listed in our parish above men-
tioned.
Jean Chastain.
The same day it was decreed by a plurality of votes to reit
the ferry for a year.
Jean Chastain.
March 8, 1740. The vestry assembled. Present: Andre
Amonnet, Jean Bernard, David Lesueur, GuilHeaume Salle,
Rene Chastain, Estiene Mallet, Pierre Gueran. The church
wardens rented the ferry for a year for five pounds and one-
half, payable in wheat and maize, viz.: half in wheat and half
^•le godron . . . pour godroner leglise.
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186 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
in maize, the wheat at three shillings and the maize at eighteen
pence. The grain is to be fetched from the church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
October 6, 1740. The vestry assembled. Present: Andre
Amonnet, Jean Bernar, David Lesueur, Jean Jaque Dupuy,
Pierre Gueran, Guillieaume Salle, Jean Pierre Billiebo, Jean
Levilain. David Lesueur and Jean Chastain were elected
church wardens by a plurality of votees for the present year.
Jean Chastatn.
The same day an agreement was made with the Reverend
Mr. Gavain to give him twelve bushels and one-half of maize
per sermon and a bushel of wheat, to preach ten times per
year, the wheat and the maize to be fetched from the church
wardens. Four sermons in French.
Ant. Gavin.
And he promises to preach Sundays from April i to Septem-
ber I.
Ant. Gavin/*
David Le Sueur, ) ^, , ,,. ,
Jean Chastain. } ^Intrch Wardens.
Pierre Guerrant.
Jean Vilen,
Jean Jaque Dupuy,
Guillaume Salle,
Andre Amonnet.
Jean Pierre Bilbout.
November 12, 1740. The vestry assembled. Present:
David Lesueur, Jean Chastain, Andrew Amonnet, Jean Ber-
nar, Guillieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Rene Chastain, Jean
Pierre Bilbo. Andre Amonnet and Jean Bernar rendered
their account, and they owe the parish one pound, thirteen
shillings, sixpence, and two bushels and a half of maize.
Jean Chastain.
i»The signatures are personal.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 187
The levy for the present yeai^ is a bushel and a half of maize
and a half-bushel of wheat per head, in order to defray the
expenses of the parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
October 19, 1741. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Jean Chastain, Andre Amonnet, Rene Chastain, Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Faure, Guillieaume
Salle, Jean Bernar. Pierre Gueran and Jean Villain were
elected by a plurality of votes church wardens.
October 23, 1741. The said Sieurs Pierre Gueran and Jean
Levilain took the oath and the test according to the usage of
the Anglican church. Present: Pierre Gueran, Jean Levilain,
David Lesueur, Jean J. Dupuy, Rene Chastain, Pierre Faure,
Pierre Bilbo, Jean Bernar, Pierre Faure, Andre Amonnet.
Jean Chastain.
I have pledged myself to the French vestry to preach 17
sermons, four in French ; and if I fail any time, I will make
good after my year is finished, so that my year shall be com-
pleted when I shall have preached the 17 sermons. October
23, 1741. According to my contract made the past year.
Witnesses: » Ant. Gavin.
Jean Vilen,"* 1 /-u u ixr j
• Pierre Guerrant, } Church Wardens.
David Le Sueur,
Jean Chastain,
Rene Chastain,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Bernar,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
Pierre Faure,
Jean J. Dupuy,
The same day David Lesueur and Jean Chastain rendered
*>The signatures are personal.
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188 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
their account. They remain owing forty-five bushels of maize
and a peck and a half-bushel of wheat, for which we have
given our note.
Jean Chastain.
The levy for the present year is one bushel of maize and a
half-bushel of wheat per head.
Jean Chastain,"
John James Dupuy.
Pierre Guerrant,
] Jean Vilen,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Bernar,
David Le Sueur,
Rane Chastain,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
Pierre Faure,
July lo, 1742. The vestry assembled. Present: Pierre
Guerrant, Jean Levilain, Jean Jaque Dupuis, Andre Amonnet,
Guilliaume Salle» Estienne Mallet, Rane Chastain and David
Lesueur. Estienne Mallet and Rane Chastain rendered accomit
for the suit against Thos. Dickins, and they are quit by the
payment of nine shillings, ninepence, which is the amount re-
maining due Monsieur Guilliaume Salle, of which the said
Salle acknowledges payment.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the vestry decreed that Sieur Andre Amon-
net sell for money, the tobacco which has been recovered from
Pierre Martain, amounting to 520 pounds of tobacco, and that
he rendered account for the same to the church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
Pierre Guerrant,^*
Jean Vilain,
Estienne Mallet,
2iThe signatures are personal.
22The signatures are personal.
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vestry book of king william parish. 189
Jean, Jacques Dupuy,
Rane Chastain,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
Andre Amonnet,
David Le Sueur,
October 30, 1742. Pierre Faure asked his discharge, and
it was granted to him, in the presence of the vestry named
below : Pierre Gueran, Jean Levilain, David Lesueur, Estiene
Malet, Andre Amonnet, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Jean Bemar, Rene
Chastain, Guilieaume Salle, Jean Pierre Bilbo.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Daniel Pero took the oath of vestryman for
the parish of King William in the presence of the vestrymen
named above.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Mallet and Jean Pierre Bilbo took the
oath of church wardens for the present year.
Jean Chastain.
The same day. The levy for the parish of King William is
a bushel of maize and a half-bushel of wheat per tithable. In
the presence of the vestrymen named above.
Stephen Mallet, *■
Jean Pierr Bilbo,
Rane Chastain,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
David Le Sueur,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Jacques Dupuy,
Pierre Guerrant,
Jean Vilain,
Daniel Pero.
Jean J. Dupuy.
Jean Chastain.
•The signatures are personal.
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190 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
April i6, 1743. The vestry assembled. Present: Estiene
Mallet, Jean Pierre Bilbo, David Lesueur, Andre Amonnet,
Jean Jaque Dupui, Guillieaume Salle, Jean Levilain, Rene
Chastain. The vestry deputed Estiene Mallet and Guillieaume
Salle to go to speak with the Governor in order (to urge
him) to maintain the parish.
Jean Chastain.
September 12, 1743. Jean Jaque Dupuy and Guilleaume
Salle were installed as church wardens. Present: Estiene
Mallet, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Andre Amonnet, Daniel Pero,
Jean Vilain, David Lesueur, Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Malet and Jean Pierre Bilbo rendered
their account for the year 1742. Estiene Mallet is qiiit of all
and there is owing to Jean Pierre Bilbo 8 shillings.
Jean Chastain.
The same day, Andre Amonet and Jean Bernar are quit
of all.
Jean Chastain.
January 7, 1743 | 4. The vestry assembled. Present: Guil-
ieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonnet, Pierre
Gueran, Rene Chastain, David Lesueur, Jean Vilain, Daniel
Pero, Jean Pierre Bilbo. The vestry agreed with the Rever-
end Mr. Gavain to preach twelve sermons for the present year,
two of which have been preached, at twenty shillings per ser-
mon; that is, he shall preach twelve sermons from December
17 passed to December 17 next, 1744. And the vestrymen
bind themselves to pay him the twenty shillings according as
they and Gavin shall agree together, and Gavin binds him-
self to preach Sundays from April to September.
Ant. Gavin, Minister,^*
GuiLLAUMK Sallp:.
[N. B. Though it was expected that the King William vestry book
would be concluded in this number of this Magazinej; but it has been
found impossible to do so. The concluding portion will be printed in
January.]
(to be continued)
2*Signatures personal.
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 191
VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND.
G>ininunicated by Mr. Lothrop Withington, 30 Little Russell street,
W. C, London (including "Gleanings" by Mr. H. F. Waters,
not before printed.)
(continued)
Theodore Gultston^ of St. Martyn Ludgate Hill Doctor
of Medicine. Will April 26 1632; Proved i June 1632.
To my father William Gultston and my mother Elizabeth
his wife, i20 each. To my sister Elizabeth Allen widow.
£20. To hiis wife Ellen's two sisters. i20 each. To my sis-
ter Dorothy Hill £10. To my brother Nathaniel Gulstori,
£20. To my sister, Martha, £10. To Whitworth,
grocer. Old Bayley, £10. For a lecture of Physicke, Col-
lege of Physicians, London, £20 yearly. To be distributed
amongst my kindred, £500. To my cosin Ellis Sotherton,
£20, his wife. Rachel, 20s each to buy rings. To my sis-
ter Stubbes, £5. To Stephen Barkham, £20. To
Abraham Allen, my sister's son, £10. To John Toomes Apo-
thecary, £10. To my friends Drs. Yonge, Gettaker, Na-
thaniel Sute, Mr, Foxley, Ministers, £3 each. To Samp-
son Kerrill, son of William Kerrill, deceased, £5. To Eliza-
beth Ayres, my maid servant, £5. To the parson, curate an. I
lecturer of St. Martyns, £5 each. To the parson for a fu-
neral sermon, £4. To the poor of Said Parish, £20. Lease I
hold or Deane and Chapter of St. Paul's to the 6 younger* sons
& daughters of my Brother John, after my wife's death. Exe-
cutrix wife Ellen. Overseers: Ellis Sotherton and Stephen
Basleham. To my wife Ellen, my rectory of Bardwell, Suf-
folk ; after her decease to my nephew Richard Gurton. Lands
in Warwickshire, one-fifth to my godson, Theodor Gurton,
the remainder to my brother John's children. Witnesses:
Jenkyn Griffith, Thomas Ilodgkin, To St. Paul's Cathedral,
£20.
Audley, 64.
[Dr. Theodore Gulston was a celebrated London physician, and a
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192 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
prominent member of the Virginia Company. He was bom in 1572,
studied at Merton College, Oxford, where he took his doctor's degree,
April 30, 1610, was fellow (Dec. 29, 161 ij and Censor of the College of
Physicians, and practised with great success . in London. In 1616 he
frequently entertained Sir Thomas Dale and Uttomakin, Powhatan's
counsellor, who had been sent to England. On June 14, 1619, Dr. Gulston
was appointed on the committee of the Virginia Company in regard to
the college. On Dec. 15, 1619, he bought ten shares of land in Vir-
ginia from various persons. He was made one of the King's Council
for the Company in England, on July 8, 1620, and in July 1621, he re-
commended Dr. Pott for appointment as physician-general of Virginia.
Dr. Gulston was distinguished as a Greek and Latin scholar, and trans-
lated several works from Greek into Latin. He married Helen, daugh-
ter of George Sotherton. a merchant-tailor and M. P. of London, and
died May 4, 1623. See Brown's Genesis and First Republic. ]
William Parke. Will 13 November 1633; proved 18
August 1634. To my youngest son Daniel Parke, £100. To
my wife Sarah Parke, £150. If my wife marry again, her
husband give security on behalf of my eldest son William to
Francis Columbell of London and Nathaniel Fulden of Lon-
don. To James Stone of London, Merchant, 50s. To
Daniel Bourche, Purser of the good ship Blessinge, 25s.
To Adam Thorowgood of Virginia, gent., 50s worth of
commodities. Executor : my son William Parke. Witnesses :
James Stone, Thomas Rey, John Felgate, Daniell Boulcher.
Seager, 75.
[Neither the will nor the probate act gives the residence of the testa-
tor, though the latter states that he died beyond seas. There is good
reasoh to believe that he died in Virginia, and that he was the father
of Daniel Parke, the elder, ot that colony, whose will will appear later
in this series. That the family of William Parke was in Virginia is shown
by the fact that many years after his death, the land due for the emigra-
tion of members of his family to the Colony was taken up. Under a
patent, dated 1655, for land in York County, appear the names of Wil-
liam Parke, Mrs. Sarah Parke, and William Parke, Jr., as head-rights.
William Parke was witness to a deed in York County, in 1652, to Dan-
iel Parke. Daniel Parke, Sr., was bom, according to a deposition
about 1628.
The epitaph of Daniel Parke, Sr., and the will of his son, Daniel
Parke, Jr., state that the family was of Essex, England. Morant*s Es-
sex II, 309, gives an account of a family of Parke, resident in that coun-
ty, from the time of Edward III, to that of Charles I, and the Visitation
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 193
of Essex 1634 {Harleian Society) has a pedigk-ee of four generations of
the lamily; but though the name William appears he does not seem to
be identical with the testator above. ]
John Thompson of Surrey County, James River, Virginia.
Will 27 January 1698/99; proved 16 March 1698/99. To my
sister Katherine Paine, wife of Robert Paine, £50. To my
sister Elizabeth Catlet, wife of William Catlet, £50. To my
Brother William Thompson, iioo when 21. To my Brother
Samuel Thompson, all rt\^ lands. Slaves, etc., failing him to
my Brother William. To my friends Thomas Haistwell,
Coll. Harry Hartwell, Major Arthur Allen, and Captain
Francis Clements, a Ring to each of them. All the rest to
my Brother Samuel Thompson. Executor: Samuel Thomp-
son. Executors in triist: Thomas Haistwell and Coll. Henry
Hartwell. Witnesses: John Burgis, Anne Bradley, Wm. Sto-
rey, Notary.
Pett, 50.
[The first of the testators family of whom anything is known, was
Rev. William Thomson, or Thompson, who became minister of South-
wark Parish, Surry county, Virginia, in or shortly before 1662. It is
possible that he was a son of Rev. William Thompson, one of the three
pastors who were sent about 1642 or 1643 from New England to minis-
ter to the Virginia dissenters; but who soon returned home and died at
Braintree. Mass., Dec. 10, 1666, aged 68. There was (a high authority
states), a William Thompson, of New London, who is believed to have
been a son of the New England minister. Rev. William Thompson, of
Surry county, Va., bought property in New London.
On August J 6, 1675 the County Court of Surry put on record that
**On ye parte of Mr. William Thompson now after 13 years experience,
wee report him an Orthodox faithfuU & painfull minist'rof a quiett, so-
ber & Exemplary Life & Conversation becoming his function unre-
proachable." On August r, 1661, William Thompson, of Surry coun-
ty, minister God's word, gave a general power of attorney to George
Jordan. There is a deed, dated November i, 1673, from William Thomp-
son. Clerk, and Katherine, his wife. In or before 1690 he became
minister of Washington parish, Westmoreland county. There is record-
ed in Surry a deed dated August 4. 1690 from William Thompson, of
Wcstm»>reland county, for 150 acres, and appointing his sons, Samue'
and John Thompson, of Surry, his attorneys. Also, in Surry, another
deed, dated Dec. 2, 1690, from William Thompson, Clerk, of Westmore-
land county, conveying to Bagge, 150 acres in Surry, which had
6
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194 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
been granted to said Thompson, April 20, 1684. Katherine, wife of
William Thompson, Clerk, of the parish of Washington, Westmore-
land, joins in a deed, April 19, 1690. These items enable us to fill gaps
in the lists of ministers of Southwark and Washington. Mr. Thomp-
son is not mentioned in Meade's Old Churches.
Rev. William Thompson and Katherine, his wife, had issue : (1 )
John, (2.) Samuel, (3,) William. (4. ) Katherine married Robert Payne, (5,)
Elizabeth, married William or Robert Catlett.
John Thompson, the testator above, was born, according to a deposi-
tion, about 1661. He was a member of the House of Burgesses, for Surry,
at the Sessions of March 1692-3, April 1695, April 1696 and September 1696.
He married Elizabeth, widow, first of John Salway, of Surry, (whose
will dated April 10, 1678, left her his whole estate with reversion to his
next of kin in England, ) and second, of Joseph Maiden of Surry. Surry
Records.
There are two wills of John Thompson in record of Surry. The ear-
liest was dated August 2nd, 1698, and proved Nov. 7, 1699. He gave
his brother Samuel Thompson ^^50 sterling, and brother William
Thompson ^"50 sterling. To wife the labor of his slaves during her
life — after her death they go to his brothers. If brother Samuel should
desire to return and live in Surry, he was to have the plantation called
Gilberts, on condition that he paid testator's executrix 20 shillings per
annum during her life. To his two brothers and Mr. Robert Paine and Mr.
Robert [jjV] Catlett 25 shillings each for a rinj. To wife, all estate
given her by the will of Mr. John Salway. Remainder of estate to wife,
Elizabeth, and she appointed executrix.
It is evident that soon after the date of the will just given, Mrs. Eliza-
beth Thompson died, and that her husband went at once to England.
The will which is given in the text was proved and recorded in Sur-
ry, May 14, 1702. It begins : "I, John Thomson, of James River, in
Virginia, merchant, at present in London, very sick."
Samuel Thbmpson, another son of Rev. William Thompson, was a
member of the House of Burgesses for Surry, at the sessions of
August 1701, May 1702, June 1702, August I7i5and April 1718 .In March,
1682, Mr. Samuel Tliompson had married Mary, daughter and heire.ss
of Major William Marriott, of Surry. {Surry Records.) The will of
Samuel Tliompson was dated Sept. 20, 1720, and proved in Surry May
17, 1 72 1. Legatees: brother William Thompson, nephew Samuel
Thompson, cousins, [nephew,] William Moseley, cousin Samuel Thomp-
son, cousins Katherine, VVilliam and John Thompson, William and
Mary Moseley — to William Marriott, *'my seal ring, that was my wife's
father's ring," cousin Robert Payne, wife Mary, and brother William
Thompson, executors.
William Thompson, the third son vnamed above) of Rev. William
Thompson, was born according to a deposition about 1662. He died
in 1 73 1 or 1732, and by will recorded in Surry bequeathed his property
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 195
to his children, Samuel, John, Katharine and Hannah, and grand-chil-
dren, Samuel and Mary.]
Robert Throckmorton, of Paxton Parva, County Hunt-
ingdon. Will I March 1698/99; proved 3 May, 1699.
Pett, 83.
[Robert Throckmorton was a son of John Throckmorton, formerly of
Ellington, Huntingdonshire, England, and afterwards of Virginia. Rob-
bert, the testator, was bon) in Virginia, in 1662 ; but returned to Eng-
land and died at Paxton Parva, Hunts., March 9, 1698-9. A picture of
his tomb in the church there, and a copy of the inscription are given in
the number of this Magazine, cited above. The Virginia Throckmor-
tons descended from his brothers, Albion and Gabriel, who remained
in the Colony. For Throckmorton genealogy, documents, Ac, see
Wiiiiam <3f Mary Qufirterty II, 241 ; III, 46,142,240,280; IV, 128, 202 ;
V, 54 and Virginia Magazine of History and Biography V, Nos. 4, and
VIl, numbers 1 and 3. Mr. C. Wickliffe Throckmorton of 503 5th Avenue,
New York City, is preparing an elaborate history of the Thockmortons
of England and America.]
[Abstracts of this will are printed in Virginia Magazine of
History and Biography, VIIT, 85, 86, and Wm. & Maty
Quarterly, III, 48.]
Peter Efford. Will 24 August 1665; proved 2 October
1665. To my daughter and son Nicholas Efford, all my real
and personal estate here, or in the plantation of Virginia. To
them all my tobiacco in custody of Mr. John Curell of Ab-
church Lane and Mr. Jonathan Smith in Bow I^ane. To my
son Nicholas, and Sarah my daughter, £100, equally between
them; if they die, to my kinsman Mr. Tirrell, Prebend of
Winsor. John Weldon, minister of Newington, and Albertus
Skinner, gent., executors, to give me as decent a burial as my
distemper will permit. Witnesses : William Cocke, Joane V.a-
ker, Joane Wooding.
Hyde, 113.
[Peter Efford resided in York county, Va., where his will was proved
Oct. and, 1666. On Feb. 10, 1660 "Mr Peter Efford" had a grant of 900
acres in the counties of James City and York, lying between Powhatan
Swamp [which extends to James River] and Queen's Creek [running
into York River,] adioining the land of Bradshaw, Vardy, "Mr. Kemp,
Esq." and Richard Ford— 400 acres of said land bought by Efford from
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196 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
John Barker, the assignee of John Bromfield, the assignee of Captain
John Shepard, and Lucy, his wife, the assignees of Captain David Maun-
sell, under whose name and that of Lucy Webster, the original patent
of looo acres, was granted January 9, 1640, and re-granted to the said
Shepard, March 20, 1650, and the other 500 acres due said Efford for
the transportation of 10 persons into the Colony.
Sarah Efford, his only surviving child, married Samuel Weldon, J. P.
for James City county, who was doubtless a son or brother of Rev. John
Weldon mentioned in the will. In 1692-3 Mrs. Sarah Weldon *'widow
of Major Samuel Weldon," brought an action of ejectment by Poynes
Weldon, her attorney. Her husband. Major Samuel Weldon, of Lon-
don, came to Virginia in 1675 as factor for Philip Foster, of London,
merchant, and settled in James City county. The family of Weldon
was long a resident in Virginia and North Carolina. Samuel Weldon.
of James City county, married in 1725, Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel
Allen, and widow of Robert Cobbs, of York county. He removed to
Chesterfield county, and his will names his children (under age.) Dan-
iel. Benjamin, (who received' lands in Goochland,) Samuel, Elizabeth
and Priscilla, son-in law Roderick Easley, wife's daughters Sarah
Jones and Martha Richardson, and her grand-children, Allen. Willie and
Charlotte Jones, (Mrs. Weldon had by her marriage with Robert Cobbs,
two daughters, Sarah, who married Robert Jones. Jr., of Sussex coun-
ty, Va., who emigrated to North Carolina, and was Attorney General
of that colony, and Martha, who married Dudley Richardson. Mrs.
Jones was the mother of the distinguished Allen and Willie Jones.)
Benjamin Weldon, of Southampton county, Va., in his will dated
August 5, 1755, and proved Feb. 9, 1756, names his brothers Daniel and
Samuel Weldon, sisters Elizabeth and Priscilla, and cousins Allen, Wil-
lie and Martha Jones, and appoints Robert Jones and Gray Briggs, ex-
ecutors.
In 1749 Daniel Weldon was one of the North Carolina Commissioners
to run the boundary line with Virginia, and Samuel Weldon, was mem-
ber of the North Carolina Convention of 1776. The city of Weldon, N.
C. is named after the family. (See IPi/iiam & Mary Quarterly II, lai.)
Efford was a family name in theChannell Islands— Guernsey and Jer-
sey. See Foster's Alumni Oxonienses.'\
William Guy, Citizen and Haberdasher of London. Will
14 November 1665; proved 29 November, 1665. To be bur-
ied in the parish churchyard of St. Mildred, Breadstreete,
London. To my brother, Robert Guy, 40s. to buy him a
rin^, and £6. To my said brother Robert's eldest daughter
by his first wife, £50. To my said Brother's son William Gu3%
£50, and to his son John Guy, £50. To my sister Sarah Tarl-
ton, £100. To my daughter in law Elizabeth Nowell, £20.
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 197
To Joseph Drewe, my accompt and £20. To my friend Roger
Martin, £$. To my friend John Martin the elder, £5. To
my kinswoman Abigail How, £5. To Elizabeth Biscoe, £5.
To my sister Ann Fisher's two daughters, Sarah and Martha
Fisher, £20 each. To my friend William Browne, Ribbon
weaver in Shoreditch, £5. To my cousin John Gate, at pres-
ent in Virginia, £40. To my friend William Allen of Lon-
don, Merchant, and Anthony Field, my executors, £20 each,
and, if any be left, £50 to my sister Sarah Tarlton. the rest
amongst the children of brother Robert Guy and sister Anne
Fisher. Witnesses: Wm. Blanchard, John Martin, junior.
Wilbeard Watts, Anne Martin.
Hyde, 140.
Sparks Martin of Withy Bush House, County Pem-
broke. Esqr. Will 12 September 1786: proved 3 August
1787. All my manor of Pendergast, with all Royalties. Pro-
fits, etc., from lands in County Pembroke. Haverfordwest,
County Middlesex. City of Bristol, or elsewhere in Great
Britain, to my sister Elizabeth Phelps for life, subject to
charges made upon certain of my estates through the will of
my late wife Martha Martin, to be held in trust by Right
Honble. Richard (Phillips) Lord Milford of Kingdom of Ire-
land and the Right Honble. William (Edwards) Lord
Kensington of Kingdom of Ireland, to preserve to her
use the said estates, and after her, to her son Thomas
Phelps, and his eldest son in succession, failing
him, to John Phelps, second son of my said sister
Elizabeth, and his heirs, failing him, to my brother Henry
Martin, who went to Virginia, in America, many years ago,
and his eldest son in succession, failing him, to my Brother
John Martin, who also went to Virginia many years ago.
Whoever inherits to take the arms and name of Martin. To
my housekeeper Mary Probert, £100 a year for life. To
Elizabeth Probert her sister, £5 a year for life. To Marth.a
Jones, £5 a year for life. Executrix: Elizabeth Phelps.
Witnes.ses: Thos. Ormes, junior, Hannah Wills, Joseph Wills,
all of Charles Square, Hoxton.
Major, 170.
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198 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
[In the printed Journal of the Virginia House of Delegates covering
the period, is an entry of a petition received January 12, 1784, from
James, Lord Clifden, and Edmund Perry, Esq., Speaker of the House of
Commons of Ireland, in behalf of certain persons interested under the
will of Col. John Martin, deceased, in a certain estate which was escheat-
ed, and also a petition of George Martin to the same effect. The peti-
tions are not now among the legislative files for 1784 in the Virginia
State archives, and it is probable that they were withdrawn for use at a
later session. Unfortunately there are no printed journals accessible
for a number of years after, so that it is impossible to learn anything
more in regard to the petitions.
James Ager, of county Kilkenny, Ireland, (created Baron Clifden in 1776
and Viscount in 1781), married March 20, 1760, Lucia, eldest daughter of
John Martin, Esq., (she died July 26, 1802), and widow of Henry Boyle,
youngest son of Henry, first Earl of Shannon ; and Edmund Sexton Per-
r\' or Pery (1719-1806), Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, 1771-
1785, and created Viscount Pery in 1785, married in 1756, Patty young-
est daughter of John Martin, Esq. What was the relation between these
ladies and Col. John Martin, of Virginia, does not appear, though it is
evident that it was on their account that the Virginia Legislature was pe
titioned. As Sparkes Martin made two Irishmen his trustees, it seems
probable that his brother, John Martin, was the Col. John Martin, of
Virginia.
Col. Martin, of Virginia, was a member of the House of Bu!*gesses
or Caroline county, at the sessions of November 1738 and May 1740,
and for King William county, at the sessions of Feb. 1752, Nov. 1753.
Feb. 1754, Aug. 1754, On. 17.S4, May 1755, Aug. 1755, Oct. 1755 and
March 1756. He died during the last session.
All the records of King William have been destroyed, and all those
of Caroline except the court proceedings, ("Order books"), but from the
latter a few notes can be gleaned. John Martin was J. P. for Caroline
in 1732. On Nov. 10, 1738, John Martin, Jr., qualified as an attorney.
On Oct. 17, 1752 was recorded a deed from John and George Martin, of
the city of Bristol, merchants, (by John Martin, gent, of Virginia, their
attorney), to Thomas Turner, gent.
In the Virginia Gazette, Jan. 27, 1750-51 (Cited in the William &
Mary Quarterly XII, 741 is an advertisement signed by John and Sam-
uel Martin, of King William county, announcing the proposed sale of
the house and land, where Col. John Martin lately lived in Caroline
county, containing 2700 acres, and in the same paper for Dec. 8-15. 1738,
is advertised a reward for the return of a silver pint cup, fluted on both
sides, which had been stolen from Col. John Martin, of Caroline county.
It had engraved on it his coat of arms, "a chevron between three half
moons "
At "Clifton," Caroline county, is a tomb with the following epitaph,
{W. and M. Q., XI, 146).
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 199
** Interred beneath this Stone,
lyes the Body of Mrs.
Martha Martin, wife of Col.
John Martin, of Caroline
County, and daughter of
Lewis Burwell, Esq., of Gloss-
ter county, who departed this
life the 27th of May 1738, in
the 36th year of her age & left
three sons & four daughters."
It is evident that, at the time of the Revolution some or all of Col.
Martin's sons were residents of Great Britain, or were Tories. In the
Virginia Council Journal 1777-7S is an order in regard to the estates in
Goochland counties, of heirs of Lewis B. (doubtless Lewis Burwell,) and
Samuel Martin, who were British subjects.]
John Handford of Ludlowe, County Salop, Esqre. Will
17 September i66q; proved 24 January 1669I70. To my
son John Handford, gent., my manor of Shobden, and the
avowson of said Parish in County Hereford. All my estates
in Ledicott, nether Shobdon, East Hampton, Ap Hampton,
Hill Hampton als Newton Byton. and Betgatt, sold by one
Barnecombc Wissmore by indenture inrolled in Chancery,
dated the 7 June. 1658, or, however. I doe enjoy the same, to
his heirs male, and after, to the females, failing his issue, to
Tobias Handford, gent., now living in Virginia, one of the
sons of Hugh Handford, late of London, deceased, and then
to his eldest sons in succession, and for want of such issue,
the tithes of Shobdon for an augumentation to the minister,
and the property to maintain a preaching minister, and the
rest, in case my said son and the said Tobias die without issue,
to Walter Handford of Wollashall, County Worcester, Gent.,
and his heirs male in succession, failing him, to the right
heirs of me the said John Handford. To my son all my
bookes of Divinity, History, etc., except those my wife uses
as her own. To the minister who preaches my funeral ser-
mon. 40s. To Sir Walter Williams of Upton Bishopp. Coim-
ty Hereford, Bart., Sir John Winford of Ashley, County
Worcester, Knt., the Lady Winford. his wife (my wife's sis-
ter), and to Mrs. Mary Williams, another of my wife's sisters,
and to her kinswoman Mrs. Eleanor Williams, £5 each. To
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200 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
every servant living with me at my death, 40s each. All the
rest not bequeathed I give to my wife. Executors : Sir Wal-
ter Williams, Bart., Sir John Winford, and my wife. My
son to be left at school till he can enter one of the Honourable
Societies of the Inns of Court to study Law. To the poor
of Ludlow, £3. Witnesses: Richard Wright, Jo. Edwardesi
Henry Browne, John Browne.
Penn, 6.
[The testator evidently belonged to a family seated at Wallashall, in
the parish of Nafford, Worcestershire, but which had representatives
in other parts of England. In Nash's IVorces^frshire, II, i8o-i82« is an
account of the family at Wallashall. Thomas Hanford or Handford
(stated to be descended in the 8th generation from Sir John Hanford, of
Cheshire), named Margaret, daughter and co-heiress of William Hig-
ford. of Nafford, and had issue : I, Margaret, married Thomas Copley,
of Norton : 2, John married Anne, daughter of Richard Rake : 3, Cath-
erine married Whittington, of Norgrave. John and Anne (Rake)
Hanford were the parents of Francis Hanford, (living Ump. Charles I),
who married Elizabeth, daughter of Walter Gifford, of Chillington. and
was the father of Walter Hanford, who married Frances, daughter of
Sir Henry Compton, Knight of the Bath. Walter and Frances (Comp-
ton) Hanford had issue : i, Compton who married ist — Chaumont and
had no issue, and 2d— Slingsby : 2. Edward, who was the father of
Charles Hanford, of Rid Marley. Compton and — (Slingsby) Hanford
had issue : i. Edward married Elizabeth Hurst, of Haverhill, Essex ;
2, Charles : 3. Elizabeth. Edward and Elizabeth (Hurst) Hanford had
issue : i. James : 2. Edward : 3. Charles : 4 Eleanor. The name ap-
pears to have been spelt, indifferently, Hansford, Hanford or Handford.
Sir Humphrey Hansford or Handford, of London, was an active mem-
ber of the Virginia Company, and John Hansford, of London, merchant
tailor, was also a member. See Brown's Genesis.
Tobias Hansford, named in the will, lived in Gloucester county, Va.
On Jan. 8, 1666, Tobias //ans/ord hstd a grant of 324 acres, in Ware Par-
ish, Gloucester, beginning at a point at the mouth of Deep Creek, in
Mockjack Bay, and running down the bay and then along Christopher
Robins's land to the mouth of Finches' Creek. On the same date "Mr.
Tobias Handford" had a grant of 324 acres in Gloucester, on the East-
ern side of Wolf Creek, beginning at the mouth thereof— a marsh divi •
ding this land from that of Col. Augustine Warner, &c. — 150 acres, part
thereof, was granted to Col. John Walker, Esq., by patent dated March
15, i65i,and 174 acres, the remainder, taken up. On Oct. 24, 1673,
Philip Ludwell, Tobias Handford and Richard Whitehead renewed a
grant of 20,000 acres in New Kent county, on the southside of Mattapo-
ny river — due for the importation of 400 persons into the Colony.]
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 201
MoTTRAM Wright of Milend, St. Dunstan's, Stepney,
County Middlesex, Merchant. Will 8 October 1700; proved
10 October 1700. To my daughter Frances Wright, iioo
and 700 acres of land on north side of Rappahamack Creeke,
in Virginia. To my son Mottrom Wright, i6oo and all my
lands, etc., in Virginia (except the said 7000 acres), and 6 ne-
groes. To my cousin John Wright of Puttomack River, in
\'irginia, £$0 of England. To each and every other of my
children born of the body of my wife Ruth Wright, 20s.
apiece and noe more. The rest and residue to my two chil-
dren Frances and Mottrom ; if they die, to go to my cousin
John Wright. My son Mottrom to be brought up in the
Church of England. Executor: Mottrom Wright. Over-
seer: Captain John Pyrvis. Witnesses: J. Sharpe, A. M.,
James Berouth, Hannah Bradley, Thomas Quilter, N. P.
Noel, 189.
[The testator was a party to one of the very few legal separations of
husband and wife which appear in the early records of Virginia.
The family of Wright was, like so, many others in Virginia, of Lon-
don origin. Richard Wright, of London, a merchant or master of a
ship in the Virginia trade, is recorded as carrying tobacco from Virgin-
ia to Holland in 1653. This is of record in Northumberland county, a
contract, dated May 29, 1656, between Richard Wright, of London —
* 'being homeward bound,*' to transport 60 hogsheads of tobacco. A
little later Wright settled in Virginia, and was a justice of Northumber-
land in 1659. He married Ann, daughter of Col. John Mottram, of Nor-
thumberland county, Tshe afterwards married David Fox ) and died in
1663. His will is preserved in a much mutilated record book in Nor-
thumberland. He gives his wife Anne, one half his land Machodoc and
Potomac rivers— * 'that is the half that joins my brother Spencer (Nicho-
las Spencer, Esq., of Cople parish, Westmoreland county, Va., and for-
merly of Cople, Bedfordshire, England, Governor of Virginia, &c., who
had married Frances, daughter of Col. John Mottram), with reversion
at her death to his son Francis Wright. To wife two negroes (named.)
All of the English servants, negroes, not otherwise bequeathed, and
rest of personal estate in Virginia and Maryland, to be divided into
three equal parts, of which wife is to have one part and his three chil-
dren the other two parts. To son. Mottram Wright, all his land on Elk
Run, Maryland. To my *** land lying ♦♦.—♦♦ Francis **.—♦♦ for dis-
charging education all my money in England •*. To daughter ** land
in the freshes of Potomac. To my brother*** land at ♦*. To my broth-
er Nicholas Spencer, and sister Mrs. Frances Spencer, and brother John
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202 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Mottram, each a ring. Brothers Spencer and Mottram, overseers. Cou-
sin Mathew Merriton, of London, merchant, an overseer in England,
dated Aug. i6,and proved in Northumberland, Dec. lo, 1663. The inven-
tory of the personal estate of Mr. Richard Wright was recorded March
10, 1663-4, and was appraised at 23,334 lbs. tobacco.
Before March 12, 1684, Mottram Wright, the testator above, and the
son of Richard Wright, whdse will has been given, married Ruth, daugh-
ter of Robert Griggs, a well-to-do planter of Northumberland county,
and widow of John Mottram, Jr., who was uncle to Mottram Wright.
An uncle's widow was within the prohibited degrees of affinity, and it
seems strange that such a marriage should have been solemnized under
English jurisdiction, but such the records show, was certainly the case.
After at least ten years of marriage, and after giving birth to children,
Mrs. Wright appears to have become horrified at the sinfulness of her
union, and secured a separation. There is on record in Lancaster coun-
ty, a bond dated Oct. 12, 1694, reciting that Mottram Wright married
Ruth Mottram, widow of Major John Mottram, who was the said Mot-
tram Wright's mother's brother, "which marriage was incestious and
unlawful," and had been the occasion of the said Ruth's departing from
her husband 'choosing rather to lead her life in banishment from her
friends, country and estate, than continue any longer in that sinful mar-
riage," therefore said Mottram Wright agrees that said Ruth shall live
separately and apart, and to pay her a suitable alimony, and that the
daughter be had in marriage with her shall be put to school where he
shall think fit. There is on record in Lancaster, the marriage contract,
dated Dec. 11, 1701, between Robert Gibson and Mrs. Ruth Wright,
widow of Mottram Wright.
Of course such a marriage as that between Wright and Mrs. Mottram
would now be legal.
Mottram Wright, Ir. died without issue, and most of his father's estate
passed to the daughter, Frances, who married Joseph Belfield, of Rich-
mond county. Mottram Wright's will (above) was also recorded in
in Lancaster to July, 1701.I
Henry Woodhouse of parish of Linhaven, County of
Lower Norfolk, Virginia. Will 29 January i686|7; proved
24 July 1688. To my eldest son Henry Woodhouse, my
plantation I now live on, being 500 acres. To my second son
Horatio Woodhouse, my plantation called Moyes land. If
the survey of my land run into Noyes neck, he to have it. To
my son John Woodhouse, my land next to land of Richard
Bonney whereon Richard Dobbs dwells. To my two sons
Horatio and John, my land I bot of Mr. William Bassnett,
Senior, lying in woods byjohn Swell's lands. To my son Hen-
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 208
ry Woodhouse, my two Negroes, Roger and Sarah by name.
Wiien my children Horatio and John are at age, and my
daughters Elizabeth and Luce i6, the rest of negroes to be di-
vided among them. To my daughter Mary the wife of William
More, Negro woman called Kate, 2,000 lbs. of Tobacco, iio,
and 3 silver spoons. To my daughter Sarah, wife of Earon
More, iio, 2,000 lbs. of Tobacco, and 3 silver spoons,
the money being due from Mr. Thomas Minnford.
All the rest between Henry, Horatio, John, Elizabeth
and Luce. Executor: Son Henry, he to plant an afple or
chard in the next two years. Witnesses: William Cornick,
Mala Thruston.
Exton. 102.
[Henry Woodhouse, the testator, was son of Henry Woodhouse, of
Lower Norfolk county, Va., who died in 1655, and grandson of Capt.
Henry Woodhouse, Governor of the Bermudas 1623-26. The last named
was second son of Sir Henry Woodhouse. of Waxham, Norfolk,
England. For accounts of the Woodhouse family, and will of Henry
Woodhouse, who died 1655. ^ well as that of Rev. Horatio Wood-
house, Rector of Collingtree, Northamptonshire, England, who was
also a son of Governor Woodhouse, and who died in 1697, See H^i/-
Ham<5f Sfary Quarterly I, 227-232, II, 262-264, V, 41-44, and Vols. I-IV.
Lower Norfolk County Virginia Antiquary. The name is still promi-
nently represented in Princess Anne county, a part of old Lower Nor-
folk.]
Thomas Blagrave of Westminnster, gent. Will 14 May
1686. proved 4 December 1688. To my wife Margaret
Blagrave, my house and land in Teddington, County Middle-
sex. To my kinsman Thomas Blagrave, £40. To my kins-
man Ambrose Searle, iio. To my kinsman John Goodwin,
£20, and forgive what he owes me. To my kinswoman Anne
Williams, in Virginia, £5. . To my Kinsman Henry John-
son, £5. To my Kinsman John Blagrave, my brother An-
thony Blagrave's youngest sonne. £5. To the poor which shall
be near at my interment, 20s. All the rest to my beloved wife
Margaret Blagrave, whom I make executrix. Witnesses:
John Clayton, Elias Silvester, Tho. Jennings.
Exton, 106.
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201 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
[There have, apparently, been several families of Blagrave, or Bla-
grove, in Virginia. A. Henry Blagrave, was a justice of Lunenburg
county, prior to the Revolution, and Rev. Benjamin Blagrove, son of
John, of Oxford, England, //^^., matriculated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford,
Oct. 15, 1764, at ihe age of 18, came to Virginia in 1772, (Foster's Aiutn-
fit Oxonien%es, and Fothergill's Emigrant Ministers). He became
Minister of Southwark parish, Surry ; tof>k the American side during the
Revolution, and was a memberoftheSurry Committee of Safety in 1776.
John Blagrave, son of Anthony B'agrave, of Berks, Wrw.,who ma-
triculated at Magdalen College, Feb. i, 1731-2, aged 19, may have been
the nephew John, named in the will]
Edward Dewai.l of Warrasquoyke, servant to Symon
Cornocke of the same. Will 11 November 1636; proved 23
November 1640 ["Edward Dewell, of Warwicke Squeake, in
Virginia, defunct," in sentence.]. To Symon Coornocke of War-
rasquoyke, in Virginia, one Messuage being an Hoast-house
or Inne in a Towne called Redding, County Berks, England,
in the parish of Saint Maries, in Minstrell Streete, now or
late in the tenure of Richard Marcombe. my uncle, as tenant
to mee, given to me by my father George Dewell in his life
time being the signe of the Rose, and also all houses and
money left me by my mother, Joane Duell. Executor : Symon
Cornocke. Witnesses: John Army, Nicholas Spackman, Wil-
liam Clappum. Sentence, same date, for will in cause between
executor Simon Curnocke and brother Humphry Dewell,
claiming to be administrator.
Coventry, 139.
[This will gives an unusual, though not unique instance, of a servant
owning lands or houses.]
Elizabeth Draper of London. Widow. Will 17 August,
1625 ; proved 3 September 1625. To my son Vincent Draper,
in lieu of his child's pte.. ii50. To my grandchild Darcis
Draper, daughter of said Vincent, £150 when 18 or day of
marriage, her Aunt Sara Symons to have the education of
her. If she die, one-half to her father and the other half to
her said aunt. To my grandchildren Elizabeth and Mary
Peirsey, daughters of my sonne-in-law Abraham Peirsey,
merchaunte, resident in Virginia. £100 apiece when 18 or mar-
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 205
riage; if they die, the money to be divided between the said
Vincent and Sara. To Abraham Peirsiey a ring of value of
30s. To my son in law Thurston Symons, one Ringe value
30s. To Mrs. Cowley, my cosen, 30s. to make her a Ringe.
To my god-daughter Elizabeth Cowley, one Ring with eight
Dyamond Stones in it. To my daughter Elizabeth Peirsey one
dyamond Ringe. To Alary Peirsey one Dyamond Ringe set
after the Duch fashion. To Darkis Draper, one Opell Ringe
with sixe Opelle stones of several colours in yt. To my cosen
Smythson, 20s., and to his wife, 20s., and his daughter Eliza-
beth, 20s. To the poore of St. Clements neare Candlewicke
streete, in London, wherein I nowe dwell, 50s. To John Pen*-
sye, 13s, ^d. To Mr. Price, Clarke of St. Clements paryshe.
20s. To Netherwood, the sexton of same p'sh., los. To Kath-
erin Ruter, my mayde servant, 50s. To Robert Mincharde,
Scrivener, 13s., 4d. All the rest to my executors in trust for
my daughter Sara Simmons, her husband and Thurstone
Symons not to have any claim (he, notwithstanding his pre-
tensions of giving up his vile and lewd courses, having
wronged me). Executors: my lovinge Cozens Mr. Richard
Berisford, marchante of London, that sometime dwelt uppon
Newe Fyshstreet Hill, London, and Warriner, mer-
chante. dwelling in Mark Lane, in London. Mem, of Scriv-
ener, Robert Mincharde, that the said testatrix did order me
to draw up her will in the aforesaid manner in the presence of
Katherin Ruter.
Clarke, 93.
[Abraham Persey orPiersey, who dieH in 1628, was a member of the
Council, and was reputed to be the wealthiest man of his day in Virg:in-
ia. He married twice, his first wife, evidently the daughter of Mrs. Dra-
per, was the mother of his two children. Elizabeth and Mary. His
will was printed in full in Neill's Virginia Caroiorium, 404-406, and an
abstract from the P. C. C, gjiven in the Magazine XII, 177-178. See
also this Magazine I, 187-188 ]
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206 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTION.
(continued.)
1777.
Jan'y 20. Smith, Owen, for a Gun, by Capt. Lew. Jones's
Certificate, 3. — . — .
31. Smiths Savage & Comply, for Gunpowder, as P.
Acco't, 1792. 10. — .
Feb'y 3. Shermer, Robert, for one Rifle furnish' d Capt.
Bates's Comp'y Cherokee Exp'n, 4. 15. — .
Sheald, Daniel, for Do. Do. Do., 16. 10. — .
4. Straughan, Reubin, for 17 days service and rations as
Q'r-Master Serg't to 2d Battalion to Oct. 7, incl., 2. 8. i>4.
10. Sharp, Rich'd, for 2 Muskets P. Turner Southall's Cer-
tificate, 9. — . — .
19. Sutton, Ebenezer, for horse hire to an Express from
Fort Pitt, 4. 7. 6.
Mar. 7. Seward, Capt. William C, for pay & Rations of his
Comp'y Surry Militia to 8th inst., iii. 4. 4.
17. Stephen & Hunter, for 3 Waggons furnished from Octo.
I to Mar. 12 and returning, 262. 10. — .
Skinner, John, for Wood furnished the Militia at Hampton,
4- 5. — •
22. Smith, William, for Cart hire, 9. — . — . Do., Do., for
Wood framing & Plank, 72. — , ii>i>.
Smith, John, for his Wages Sc Negro hire at Portsmouth,
22. 4. — .
Scott, John, for 5)^2 days work at Fort Stephen, i. 2. — .
Ditto for 33 J^ do. on Gun Carriages, 6. 14. — .
Scott, Tenant, for 25 do. for self & 177,' j of five Negroes at
Fort Stephen, 43. 15. — .
Sikes, Caleb, for 19 Do., Do., 3. 16. — .
Stewart 8c Mohun, for Smith's Work to the 3d of February,
112. I. — .
April I. Syme, Col. John, for provision furnished Capt.
Johnson's Comp'y Militia, 6. 10. 10.
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VIRGINIA MILITIA IN THE REVOLUTION. 207
4. Smith, William, for one Gun delivered Col. John Wilson,
4. — . — .
8. Smith, Capt. Thomas, for pay & rations of his Comp'y
Cherok. Exped'n, &c., 203, i. i.
22. Simmonds, Capt. John, for pay & rations of his Comp*y
Militia to Mar. 31, 164. 3. 5.
23. Southall, James, for 85 diets furnished Capt. Lewis's
Comp*y N. Kent Militia, 2. 2. 6.
24. Sykes, Jesse, for Work done on Fort Stephen. P. cert.,
16. 16. — .
28. Smith, John, for his Wages & Negro hire to the 26th
instant, 19. 19. 10.
Shipp, John, for Hiccory for Ax helves & Handspikes fur-
nished P. Acco't. II. 3. 8.
Stewart & Mohun, for Smith's Work for Gun Carriages, &c.,
to Ap'l 26th inst., 68. 13. 9. '
Stroud, William, for 7 days Work getting Timber for Gun
Carriages, Portsm'th, i. 15. — .
May 10. Stewart, Charles, for a Gun furnished the Louisa
Militia, 3. — . — .
13. Smith, Capt. William, for pay, &c., of the Gloster Do.,
P. Acco't, 79. 19. 2.
15. Sale, Capt John, for Waggonage & Provisions to his
Comp'y, 76. 19. 8.
16. Shackleford, William, for a Gun for Capt. Jas. Turner's
Min't Do., 2. 15. — .
Smith, James, for 3 Tomahawks, &c., furnished Ditto,
-. 13. 6.
17. Stoval, Thomas, for a Gun paid P. Carrington, 2. 15. — .
20. Scott, John, his Estate for 2 houses for Barracks for
Min't men, &c., to Dec. 3d last, 8. 6. 8.
22. Simpson,, Southy, for pay lead, &c., as P. Acco't,
II. 14. — .
Ditto for sundry Persons, Provisions, &c., P. Acco't, 62.
13- —•
24. Scruggs, Valentine, for 1 Gun furnished Capt. Ballows
Min't Comp'v, 3. 15. — .
26. Severe, Valentine, for 51 days pay as a Spy against the
Cherokees (n- 5s, 12. 15. — .
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208 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
27. Stone, Stephen, for i Gun delivered Capt. John
Winston, 2. 15. — .
30. Sullens, John, for bal. due for Waggon hire on Cherokee
Exped'n, P. Acco't, 6. 3. — .
June 2. Smith, Arthur, for Waggon hire to the troops at
Portsmouth, 28. — . — .
9. Smith, John, for self and others for sundry Work, &c.,
on the Fort at Portsmouth, P. Acco*t, 99. 11. 9.
Southail, Capt. James, for pay & rations of his Comply on
duty in Feb'y last, 37. 9. 4.
13. Simms, John, for a Gun furnished Capt. Charles Dab-
ney*s Min't Comply, 2. — . — .
Shoat. Edward, for a Rifle furnished Capt. Perkins's Comp'y,
Cherokee Expedition, 6. — . — .
17. Southail, Capt. James, for 360 rations omitted in pay
roll, 9. 12. — .
18. Strode, John, for one Gun & Bayonet furnished Capt.
Walter Towles Min't Comp'y, 6. — . — .
25. Selden, William, for 140 large Pine Trees furnished for
the Battery at Hampton, 70. — . — .
27. Smith, William, for carriage of Bacon & horse hire &
procuring Provisions P. Acco't, — . 17. — .
July 9. Smith, John, for pay of self & sundry Workmen
at Portsmouth, P. Acco't, 141. 9. 6.
Aug'st 2. Sinclair, Alexander, for sundries furnished Capt.
Bowyer's Comp'y Cherokee Exp'n, 5. 15. 6.
5. Stewart, John & Elias Wingate, for 9 days each work'g
on Gun Carriages at 4s, 3. 12. — .
23. Seawell, Joseph, for victualling Capts. Hubard's and
Row's Comp'y of Militia, P. Acco't, 7. i. 6.
26. Sandifer, John, for victualing 46 of the Warwick Militia,
&c., P. Acco't, 20. 2. — .
Sept'r 1. Smith, Capt. Lawrence, for pay, &c., of Sussex
Militia, P. Acco't, S'^, 7. 3.
Shields, Capt. James, for pay of his Comp'y of York Militia,
P. Acco't, 42. 12. 5.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 209
HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL NOTES
AND QUERIES.
[The editor of the Magazine is indebted to President McCabe for an
acquaintance with Mr. Austen Leigh's investigations into the history of
Eton. That a number of Virginu boys were at that famous college has
not been before known. The following appears in Foster's Alumni Ox-
onienses in regard to Lewis Bur well the younger who is referred to be-
low: **Burwell, Lewis, s. Lewis, of Virginia, America, arm. Balliol
Coll. matric 30 March, 1765, aged 18." This Lewis Burwell represented
Gloucester county in the House of Burgesses and Conventions. The
letters copied below were printed in Thti Eton ColUfre Chronicle. '\
AMERICANS AT ETON IN COLONIAL DAYS.
To the Editor of the Eton College Chronicle:
Dear Sir,— It may not be generally known that it was a no un-
common practice in the i8th century for Americans to send their sons
to England for their education. Some of these boys naturally found
their way to Eton, but in the almost complete absence of any records
here, the difficulty is to discover their names. A few however can be
rescued from various sources, thus the Eton Parish Register records the
death of Beverley Randolph, 'scholar from Virginia,' who was buried
at Eton, 29 April, 1763. Again the registers of some of the colleges at
Cambridge gives us other names. At Caius and at St. John's a carefull
register was kept of every student's birth-place and school. Thus we
find at St fohn's, Paul Trapier from South Carolina, and William Ot-
teley, described as *from America,' both at Eton under Dr. Barnard:
and at Caius College, Louis Burwell. of Virginia, who was seven years at
Eton under Drs. Bland and George; Thomas Lynch from South Caro-
lina, at Eton under Dr. Barnard ; and William Huger from South Caro-
lina, at Eton under Dr. Foster.
Through the kindness of my friend Colonel McCabe of Richmond,
Virginia, I have been supplied with details about all the above names
with the exception of Otteley. Colonel McCabe tells me that the in-
formation may be absolutely relied on as it has been given him for
Randolph and Burwell by Mr. G. W. Stanard, Corresponding Secretary
of the Virginia Historical Society; and for Lynch, Huger and Trapier,
by Mr. A. S. Salley, Junr., Corresponding Secretary of the South Caro-
lina Historical Society,
N. B. — The matter within square brackets is added from the registers
in Caius and St. John's College.
Randolph, Beverley, was a son of either Beverley or John, sons of Sir
John Randolph, Knt., Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses.
Burwell, Lewis, son of Nathaniel, was afterwards of Caius College,
7
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210 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Cambridge. He was President of the Council of Virginia and Acting
Governor, 1750-51. This Lewis Burwell, of Eton and Caius, was
certainly the father of the Lewis Burwell of Balliol, Oxford.
Lynchf Thomas, son of Thomas Lynch, Esq., of Prince George's
Parish, Winyah, South Carolina; [b. Aug. 5lh, 1749; school, Eton 4 years
under Mr. Barnard, age 18, admitted fellow Commoner at Caius Coll.
Cambridge, May i8th, 1767; admitted at Middle Temple, 1767]; Captain
Continental Army, 1775-1776 ; Member of Congress, 1776-7777 ; signed
the Declaration ol Independence; was lost at sea, 1779.
////^^^^T, Francis [«<?/ William] son of Daniel Huger, Esq., of Lime-
rick plantation, St. John's Parish, Berkeley County. South Carolina ;
[b. June 19th, 1751 ; educated 4 years under Mr. Wilton; then at Eton
2 years under Mr. Foster; age 18 ; admitted Fellow Commoner at Caius
Coll. Cambridge, March 26th, 1768]; Captain in Continental Army;
d. Aug. 1800.
Trapier, Paul, son of Paul Trapier, gent, of Prince George's Parish,
Winyah, South Carolina ; [school Eton (Dr. Barnard); admitted Pen-
sionerat St. John's, Cambridge, Mar. 2olh, 1766, aet. 18; Student of Inner
Temple, Feby. 17, 1767]; m Klizabeth Foissin, 1771 ; Captain of State
Artillery, 1776.
Etonians have taken part in many great events, but it will probably
be news to most of us that one of the signers of the Declaration of In-
dependence was educated here.
Yours faithfully,
Eton College, R. A. Austen Leigh.
March 22, 1905.
Dear .Sir,— I hope this subject is of sufficient interest to warrant
another leUer. Through the courtesy of the Corresponding Secretaries
of the Virginia and Maryland Historical Societies, I am now enabled to
supply a further list of Americans who came to Eton in the eighteenth
century.
BurweU, James [entered Eton, Sept 30, 1760] (if a Virginian), of the
same family as Lewis Burwell, and was son of Nathaniel Bacon Burwell
{E. C. C No. 1086).
Dulany, Daniel [entered Eton, Ju'y 10, 1762], son of Hon. Daniel
Dulany (the younger) and Rebecca Tasker his wife, was born in Annap-
olis, Province of Maryland, about 1750 or 1751, and in July 1761 was
taken to England by his father to be educated. He lived for many years
in Downing Street, London, and at Patcliam or Patching, Su.sse.x. Mr.
Dulany never returned to America but once after he was taken to Eng-
land to be educated, and that was in 17.S5, when he paid a visit to his
only brotlier. Col. Benjamin Tasker Dulany, of Fairfax Co., V^irginia,
U. S. A. General George Washington in his diary thus writes, "Thursday,
Dec. 22, 1785, at Mount Vernon, went a foxhunting with the gentlemen
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 211
who came here yesterday, Daniel Dulany, Jr., Benjamin Dulany, Samuel
Hanson, Thos. Hanson, Philip Alexander, together with Ferdinando
Washington and a Mr. Shaw." He died in 1824, and was buried, as
was also his mother (aet. 98) at the Parish Church of Palcham or
Patching. Mr. Dulany 's father, the Hon. Daniel Dulany (the younger),
was one of the ablest lawers in the Province of Maryland, and being
a loyalist had his large estate in Maryland confiscated in 1781, and this
was one of the reasons why his eldest son, Daniel Dulany (3rd) chose
England as his home instead of returning to live in America.
FUzhufrh, George Lee Mason [entered Eton, May 22, 1758], son of
Colonel William Kitzhugh of Rousby Hall, Calvert County, Mainland,
who was a native of Virginia. G. L. M. F. was born in Stafford County,
Virginia, Aug. 18, 1748, and died 1836.
Qrymes, Philip and John [entered Eton, Sept. 19, 1760]. sons of Hon.
Philip Grymes, Escj., of Brandon, Middlesex Co., Virginia, Receiver-
General of the Colony and Member of the Council. They had an elder
brother John, who died June 20, 1740, in London, and was hurried in
the Temple yard,
(i ) Grymes, Philip Ludwell, was a member of the Colonial and State
Legislatures, and in 1803 was appointed to the Virginia Council of
State. He was of Brandon, and died May 18, 1805.
(2) Grytnes, John Randolph; b. about 1746; d. about 1820. Took the
Loyalist side, and joined Lord Dunmore, the last English Governor
of V^irginia, who was making an attempt to regain his place by
force. Lord Dunmore was much elated at the accession of Grymes,
and wrote to Lord George Germaine that he was a great acquisition,
was of the first family in Virginia, a gentleman of fortune, amiable
character, strict honour, brave, active and able. Grymes is said to
have served with credit as a major in the Queen's Rangers under
Simcoe till 1778, when he resigned and went to England, where he
married and lived for a number of years. He was an officer in the
corps of American Loyalists raised when it was expected that
Napoleon would invade England.
Lee, Philip Thomas fat Eton from 1753 to 1756, and afterwards at
Christ's College, Cambridge], the second son of Richard Lee and Grace
Ashton his wife, died Nov. 28th, 1788, at Blenheim, his father's seat on
the Potomac. He married a Miss Russell, of England. He was of the
same family as General R. E. Lee.
Randolph, William, probably a brother of Beverley R., see E. C C.
No. 1086 [they b9th entered Eton, June 28, 1762].
Spotswood, Alexander and John [both entered, Eton, Jan. 8, 1760],
sons of John Spotswood of Newport, Spotsylvania Co., Virginia, and
grandsons of Major-Gen. Ale.xander Spotswood, Governor of Virginia.
The last-named served under Marlborough and was wounded at Blen-
heim. These boys were at Eton from 1760-64. Alexander became a
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212 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
brigadier-general, and John a captain in the American army during the
Revolution.
Tilghman, Richard [entered Eton, July lo, 1762] (b. Dec. 17th, 1746,
d. Nov. 24th, 1796), son of James and Anna Tilghman. was educated in
England, returned home and studied law under Daniel Dulany. At
the soKcitation of his relative, Sir Philip Frances, the reputed author of
the letters of Junius, he went to Bengal, India, via England. In respect
to his political sentiments and proclivities he was permitted to depart
in June 1776, in company with Gov. Robert Eden, in the British sloop-
of- war **Fowey," Captain Montague. He died on the second voyage
from India.
]^ormeley^ Ralph [entered Eton, Sept. 12, 1757], son of Ralph Wor
meley of Rosegill, Middlesex Co., Virginia. He inherited and lived
on that estate. He was born in 1744 and died Jan. 19, 1806. In a letter
which has been preserved Mr. Wormeley speaks of Robert Darcy Hil-
liard of Winestead as his contemporary at Eton, and at Trinity Hall,
Cambridge. His portrait in cap and gown is preserved, and also another
portrait in a group of four, either at Eton or Cambridge. He was ap-
pointed in 1 77 1 a member of the Colonial Council, and his loyal sym-
pathies were so strongly shown at the beginning of the American
Revolution that he was confined for a year or two to one of his father's
estates, and compelled to give heavy bond. After the Revolution he
lived quietly at Rosegill and was noted as a book-collector. His great-
grandfather, Ralph Wormeley, Esq., also of Rosegill, and Secretary o!
State of Virginia, was one of the first natives of the colony at Oxford.
He entered Oriel College, July 14, 1665.
Yours faithfully,
R. A. Austen Leigh.
Eton College, July 18, 1905.
Notes from the Records of Goochland County.
At a Ct. held May 21, 1728
A Commission from Hon. Wm. Gooch, Lt. Gov. & Commander-in-
chief, to Thos. Randolph, John Fleming, Wm. Mayo, John Woodson,
Daniel Stoner, Renee Laforee, Tarlton Fleming, Alien Howard & Edw'd
Scot, gent, to be justices of the peace & Tarlton Fleming & Allen How-
ard gent, administered the oaths.
Henry Wood produces a commission from Hon. John Carter, Esq.
Sec'ty of this Colony to be Clerk of this County.
Daniel Stoner, gent, produces a commission from Wm. Gooch, Esq.,
to be Sheriff of this County.
Wm. Mayo, gent, produces a commission from Hon. Peter Beverley.
Esq. Surveyor General of this Colony to be surveyor of this County.
On motion of Daniel Stoner, gent, sheriff, his protest against the
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 213
county for all damages that shall happen unto him for want of a prison,
is entered.
June i8, 1728.
Thos. Prosser presented a commission as deputy attorney for this
County.
Sept. 18, 1728.
Levy : 1132 tithables @ 26 lbs [tobacco] per poll. Richard Randolph
and John Boiling, Jr., paid for services as burgesses.
May 20, 1729.
Was read a new commission of the peace adding George Paine,
William Cabbell and James Holman, gent, to the Court.
May 20, 1729— Daniel Stoner produced commission as shenff.
Oct. I, 1729,
Levy : 1 165 tithables @ 29 lbs. per poll.
Oct. 21, 1729.
Thos. Prosser, deputy King's attorney, allowed 1000 lbs. tobacco an-
nually for his services.
Jan. 19, 1729.
Negro tried for felony (housebreaking) and acquitted, but as some
of the stolen goods were found in his possession and he not accounting
for them was ordered to receive 39 lashes.
Jan. 9, 1739.
Stephen Hughes, a Quaker, made affirmation.
July 18, 1730.
[Contempt of Court.]
John Fleming, Wm. Mayo, Allen Howard, George Payne, and Wil-
liam Cabbell, justices, present.
* 'Thomas Prosser, attorney for Luke Wiles vs. Stephen Hughesi
asking several questions of the Defendant before any witnesses were
sworn in the Cause, and being told bv the Court that he ought not to
proceed in that manner, but that he ought to suffer the witnesses first
to be sworn, and then to ask leave of such questions as he proposed
might be asked them, and thereupon the said Thomas Prosser saying that
if he could not be suffered to speak for his Client he should think injus-
tice done his Client and that he would ask what questions he pleased
in behalf of his Client, it is the opinion of the Court the said Thomas
Prosser enter into bond with good and sufficient Security for jiis good
behaviour, which he refusing to give, it is ordered that the Sheriff" take
into his custody ^he said Thomas Prosser and him safely keep in the
goal of this County, untill he enter into bond with good and sufficient
Security in the sum of fifty pounds Current money conditional for his
good behaviour for one year and a day.
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214 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Upon Thomas Prosser's being committed to prison pursuant to the
former order, the Jury who were sworn in the Cause between Luke
Wiles Pit. and Stephen Hughes, Defend't, proceedings to try the same,
are informed by the Clerk that after he had rec'd the declaration at the
request of Thomas Prosser aforesaid he delivered it to him, and there-
upon the Sherif being sent the Goal to demand of him the said declar-
ation, and his answer to the sherif being that if he had it he would keep
it, the Clerk is thereupon ordered to go to the Goal and demand of
him the said declaration, and upon the return of the Clerk, he reports
to the Court that the said Thomas Prosser's answer to him was that he
was a prisoner and would not unbundle his papers to look for any
declaration, and thereupon the Sherif is ordered to bring the said
Thomas Prosser into Court, who upon his appearance and his being
asked to deliver to the Clerk the said declaration, [said] that he did
not know if he had it or not and would not trouble himself to
look for it, but that he was a prisoner and would answer ever>'thing he
should do as such and that he would justihe his whole behaviour so
long as he was worth a penny, upon Consideration of the premises he
is guilty of a breach of his behaviour and it is thereupon ordered that he
be fined to our Sovereign Lord the King in the Sum of five pounds
sterling money and that the sherif keep him in the Goal of this County
untill he pay the said fine with costs.
Thomas Prosser being together with his papers ordered to be
brought into Court that the declaration mentioned in the former order
may be searched for, the Sherif makes return that he defends himself in
the Goal with his naked s\*ord. and refuses to come before the Court or
to suffer his papers to be brought into Court, whereupon it is ordered
that the Sherif summon a sufficient Guard to keep him in the Goal with-
out victuals or drink until he deliver up his sword and such other
offensive weapons as shall be found on him, and also his papers that
search may be made for the said declaration and if the said declaration
s not found that the Sherif shall keep him in irons until the next Court.
Sept. 15, 1730,
Prosser was released on giving bond for good behaviour, and was
refused an appeal
May 17, 1730,
Was published a proclamation from Governor Gooch for preventing the
unlawful meetings and combinations of negro and other slaves.
Also one for |:)roroguing the General Assembly.
[Pav.ments for Printed Laws ]
"On Mr. William Parks's letter to the Court it is ordered that there
be levied for him eight hundred pounds of tobacco cask and conveni-
ences at the next levy for which the said Parks is to furnish twelve
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 215
copys of the laws of the last Session of the Assembly for the use of the
Justices." [This entry is under date May 17, 1730.]
Great Storm at Norfolk, 1785.
Bahimore, August 30, 1785.
We are just informed from Norfolk, in Virginia, that on Saturday,
August 14th, they had there a dreadful Gust of Thunder, Hail. Wind
and Rain. The Wind was so strong as to blow several Vessels from
their moorings ashore ; happily none were lost. Three small vessels
were overset, and it was with difficulty that the people were saved.
Several Chimnies were blown down, and the Roof and Gable End of a
large Brick House belonging to Captain Archer, blown off. The Hail
was so violent as to break numbers of Windows, and some of the Stones
measured Two and a Half Inches in circumference.
{From the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Adertiser.)
Freshet in James River, 1786.
Richmond, June 8. 1786.
From the quantity of water which has fallen within this fortnight
passed caused one of the highest freshes that has been known for these
14 years, which has done considerable damage to all the crops upon the
low grounds lying upon this river for many miles down it.
{From the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser.)
Town Officers of pETERsnuRo, 1786.
Petersburg, September 14, 1786.
On Thursday last were elected out of the twelve Gentlemen chosen
the day before, by the freeholders and inhabitants of this town, to com-
pose the Corporation thereof, Dr. John Shore, Mayor ; Robert Boiling,
Elsq., Recorder, and Thomas G. Peachy, Samuel Davies, Christopher
McConnico, and Alexander McNabb, Esquires. Aldermen.
{From the Virginia Gazette and Petersburg Intelligencer.)
St. John's Dav, Rich.mond. 1791.
Richmond, Dec. 23, 1791.
On Tuesday next being the Anniversary of the Festival of St. John
the Evangelist, the two Lodges, Nos. 10 and 19, intend to unite upon
this occasion at the Masonic Hall—From thence * * [part missing] will
be performed, and a charity sermon preached by the Rev. John
Buchanan, and a Collection made for the benefit of the poor of this
metropolis. — A band of instrumental music is to be provided to accom-
pany the Richmond Choir, who will sing several Anthems in parts.
{From the Virginia Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. )
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216 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
GENEALOGY.
THE MALLORY FAMILY.
Arms : Mallory of Studley : Or, a Hon rampant, gules, tail forked, col-
lared ar. Impaling, Zouch : gu. fifteen
bezants, 5, 4, j, 2, i, a canton erm, crest : a
nag's head, couped, gu,
(also J or, a lion rampant, gules, collared ar.
crest : a nag^s head, gu,
Thos. Mallory, Dean of Chester : Or, a lion rampant, gules, in dexter
chief a crescent, of the second, for dif-
ference (From **A Cheshire Ordinary of
Arms, I629," {Cheshire Sheaf, Vol. II.)
That the compiler is enabled to present a corrected and thoroughly
authenticated account of this ancient family, begining with the lords of
the manors of Hutton-Conyers and Studley-Royal in Yorkshire, Eng-
land, and coming down to the present generation in America, is due to
the kindness of Lieutenant Colonel John S. Mallory, U. S. A., in allow-
ing his large collection of family history to be used, and to the fortu-
nate discovery, by Mr. Lothrop Withington, of the will of Rev. Philip
Mallory.
Various English genealogical writers have thought it probable that
the Mallorys of Hutton-Conyers and Studley descended from the fami-
ly of the name seated from a very early date at Kirkby-Mallory and
Walton-on-the Wolds, Leicestershire. In Nichols's History of Leicester-
shire, Vol. 4, part 2, p. 761, &c., is an account of the Kirkby-Mallory
family beginning in the time of King Stephen, and ending in an heiress
who died in 1482. The Mallorys of Walton-on-the-Wolds sprang from
the Kirkby-Mallory family, and the estate was owned by a John Mallo-
ry temp. Edward III. The arms of the Leicestershire families were the
same as of that in Yorkshire. Old glass in several churches in Leices-
tershire show them to have been : or, a lion rampant, queue furchee
gules. Nichols cites from Le Neve's MSS a statement that the Yorkshire
Mallorys branched from the Leicestershire family in the time of Ed-
ward II. There is no positive evidence that this is so, but from the
similarity of arms, a strong probability.
When the account of the Yorkshire Mallorys is begun conjecture
ceases and practically every link in'the line of descent, through a period
of five hundred years, is thoroughly authenticated.
The best account of the Yorkshire Mallorys is in a Genealogical and
Biographical Memoir of the Lords of Studley in Yorkshire, by John
Richard Walbran, Ripon, 1S41, reprinted in Vol. LXVII, Surtees
Society Publications, 1878. James Raine, the Secretary of the Surtees
Society, and editor of the volume after Mr. Walbran's death, states
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GENEALOGY. 217
that he has not hesitated to make great changes in the text, when re-
quired by the results of later investigations. The work will be largely
quoted here.
The pedigree is also contained in the Visttaiion of Yorkshire^ ^5^3-4*
Harleian Society, 1581.
Walbran begins his account by tracing the descent of the manor of
Studley until it came to the Mallorys.
Richard le Aleman was lord of Studley in 1 180 and the manor passed
through several generations of his family until, by an heiress, it went
to the family of Le Gras, and from them, in the same manner, to Isa-
bel, wife of Sir Richard Tempest, Kt, second son of Richard Tempest,
of Bracewell. She died in 1421, and the property descended to her son.
Sir William Tempest of Studley, Knight, who was upwards of thirty
years of age at the time of his mother's death. He was knighted be-
fore 1409, and married Eleanor, only daughter and heiress of Sir Wil-
liam Washington, of Washington, in the couniy of Durham, by Marga-
ret, his wife, daughter and heiress of fohn Morvill. They (William and
Eleanor), were cousins, being related to each other in the 3rd and 4th
degrees, but their marriage was legalized by dispensation from the
Archbishop of York, Oct. 20, 1409, long after they had been married
and children bom to them {TesL Ebor. Ill, 319). She died Jan. 2, 1451,
and was found seised of half of the manor of Washington {,Inq. p, m,
24th Jan. XIV, Neville. 1451)
William Tempest, of Studley, esq, their eldest son and heir, lived
but a short time after inheriting the estate. He died Jan. 4, 1444 {Inq.
p, m. 1446^ in 36 Col, 4, p. i6g). The name of his wife is not record-
ed. He left one son, John, then two years old, who died soon after-
wards, and two daughters, who became his co-heirs.
I. Isabel, married Richard Norton, of Norton Conyers, esq.
II. Dionisia. married William Mallory, of Hutton Conyers, esq., and
was thirty-six years of age, Oct 24th, 1451.
William Mallory, Esq., who thus became lord of Studley, jure
uxoriSf was the representative of an ancient well-allied family. They
became possessed of Hutton Conyers, Yorkshire, by the marriage of
Sir Christopher Mallory (son of Sir Thomas and a daughter of Lord
Zouch) with Joan, daughter and heiress of Robert Conyers, of that
place, whose ancestor, Robert Conyers — the representative of the elder
branch of Conyers, of Sackburn —possessed it in 1246, as appears by his
grant of land there to the church of St. Peter, at York, in that year.
Sir Christopher* Mallory had issue Sir William', of Hutton, who by
his wife Katherine, daughter and co-heiress of Ralph Nunwick, of Nun-
wick, had William*) Mallory, who by his marriage with Joan, daughter
of Sir William Plumpton, of Plumpton, near Knaresborough, had Wil-
liam* Mallory, before mentioned, who married Dionisia Tempest, of
Studley.
After the family had acquired Studley, it does not appear that they
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218 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
abandoned the manor house at Hutton, but frequented it occasionally
until the end of the Sixteenth century, about which time the present
building, now used as a farm house, seems to have been erected. A
picturesque gable on the north side, and richly ornamented ceiling (the
lion of the Mallory arms is displayed in the compartments) in a neglect-
ed apartment in the southeast wing remain of this date. Large por-
tions of the rest of the building have been altered in subsequent repairs,
and seem to confirm the tradition that the house was set upon in the
Civil warsby a troopof Parhamentarians in the absence of the owner,
Sir Jonn Mallory, who from his zeal in the Royal cause, must indeed
have been particularly obnoxiou> to them. Several cannon balls and
some weapons of war have been found in the fields around. There are
also some remains of a rampari of earth, running at right angles on the
north and west sides of the garden, which may have formed part of the
agger of the moat to the original structure. The mansion is shaded by
a goodly show of great sycamores, which give it a pleasing air of so-
lemnity, and seem still to assert its claim to a rank above that of an
ordinary iarm house.
On Oct. 25. 1458, Archbishop Booth granted an oratory for three
years to William Mallory, esq., Dionisia, his wife, and their children
{/^e£^. 204 a ) which privilege was renewed to them for the same period
on Nov. 17, 1467 Kf^eg. S7 a-) This was ihe beginning of the Chapel of
the Blessed Virgin at Studley.
The will of Mr. Mallory is preserved at York.
"In Dei nomine Amen. Ego Willelmus Malliore senior, Armiger.
Sepel iendumin eccles. S. Petri Ripon Coram altare B. Mariae. Op-
timum animae nomine mortiiam. Lego Johannae filiae meae dere adititi-
bus de Hoton juxta Ripon, etOver Dedinsall c marcas. Ad maritagi-
um Margaretae filiae mea c.c. marcas. Volo Henricus Malliore, Cristo-
forus Malliore, Georgius Malliore et Ricardus Malliore, filii mei habeant,
terras, protermino vitae suae, ad valieram xl marcarum, in villis de Lyn-
ton in Craven, Brompton, Coppidhawk, Grantley, VVynkysley, Wode-
house, and Hytson Flygham in com. Westom, quae sunt de jure & he-
reditate Dionisiae uxoris mei dicti VVillelmi. Do et lego monasterio
S. Roberti & fratribus suis pro uno obitu pro anima mea VI s. VIII d.
Resdiuum lego Dionsiae uxori meae, Cristofero et Johannae sorori ejus
quos facis executoris. Dat. I May mcccclxii. Prob. 25 Ap. 1475 {Reg.
Test. Ebor. IV, 125.
William* Mallory had by the heiress of Tempest: I.John* (of whom
later), II. William; III. Thomas; IV. Christopher. On Jan. 15.
14S5-6, there is a license for Chr. Mallory and Isabel Malthouse,
of Ripon, to be married in the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin there,
without asking the bans. ( Test. EborWl, 350). In 1473 a Chr. Mau-
lore, gent became a member of the Corpus Christi Guild at York,
V.Richard. In 1506-7 the will of Richard Mallory was proved by
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GENEALOGY. 219
George Mallory, esq , his brother and executor {Ripon Chapter Act
Book. 329). In 1475 a Richard Mallory, gent, became a member
of the Corpus Christi Guild at York. VI. Henry, VII. Margaret,
named Sir John Constable, of Halsham, Knight, and died without
issue. In 1498 admon. of the effects of Lady Margaret Constable
was granted to George and Richard Mallory {Reg. Test. Ebor. III>
333) : VIII. Jane; IX. Isabel; X. Elizabeth; XI. Joan; XII. Eleanor.
Sir John* Mallory, of Studley, and Hutton Conyers, Knight, the
eldest son and heir, married Isabel, daughter of Lawrence Hamerton,
of Hamerton, in Craven, (Yorkshire), and widow of Radclifte, of
Lancanshire ; although placed by the herald, Glover, in his V^isitation,
as eldest son and his brother William as second, it appears doubtful
whether the latter was not in reality the elder, for in 1475, William Mal-
lory, son and heir of Sir William Mallory and Dionisia Tempest, held
livery of half the manor of Washington (Surtees froui Hot. Booth, anno
18**), and that he also died without issue, whereby the inheritance de-
volved on his nephew, Sir William, son of ^ir John— for in I497, Sir
William Mallory had license to giant his moiety of the manor and the
will, tohU son William Mallory {Idem from Rot. Fo.r anno 3.)
Sir John Mallory's will is not preserved ; but it is evident that he was
the founder of the Chantry of St. Wilfred, in Ripon minister, at which
were commemorated th^ souls of Sir John Mallory, and Elizabeth, his
wife, Sir William Mallory, and Joan, his wife, and those of their chil- ♦
dren ; Richard Ratcliffe and Agnes, his wife, Sir Richard Hamerton,
and Elizabeth his wife, and John Holm. Chaplain ( Ripon Chapter Act*
320-1.
In 1535 among the disbursments for St. Wilfred's Chantry there is a
payment of 200 for theobit of Sir John Mallory, KnL, the founder ( Vator
Eccl. Henry VIII. V. 252.)
The Chantry of Sl John, the Evangelist, in Ripon Minister, was found-
ed about the year 1487, by Eliz widow of Sir John Mallory, {Ripon
Chapter Acts, 282.)
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
THE BRENT FAMILY.
Compiled by W. B. Chilton, Washington, D. C
(continued.)
The Brents of Kent.
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220
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
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GENEALOGY. 223
THE BROOKE FAMILY OF VIRGINIA.
(By Prof. St. George Tucker Brooke, Morgantown, W. Va.)
(continued)
The will of Robert Brooke, oldest son of Robert Brooke, Jr., the
Knight of the Golden Horse Shoe. See this Magazine for April, 1902,
P- 436.
January the 28th, Ann. Dom., One Thousand Seven Hundred and
Eighty Five, I Robert Brooke, gentleman, of the county of Essex, and
Parish of St Ann's, seriously considering the uncertainty of human life,
and being desirous of disposing of my worldly affairs, as justice and
equily seem to direct, do, while in perfect health and memory, God be
praised, make and ordain, this my last will and testament, in manner
and form following, viz : (i)
First, I most humbly recommend my soul to the extensive mercy of
that eternal supreme intelligent being who gave it me, hoping and as-
suredly believing, through the merits of Jesus Christ, my Savior, to be
made partaker of life everlasting ; and my body to the earth whereof
that is made. Item, I give, devise and bequeathe to my son, Humphrey
Booth Brooke (2) and his heirs forever, the capital messuage wherein 1
now live, and all other houses within the curtilage of the same, with
one moity of the tract of land whereon 1 now live, to be laid off^ in quan-
tity and quality, so as the other moiety may partake of equal advanta-
ges and benefits with the same, and in case he should die before my-
self; 1 give, devise and bequeath the same to my son, Edmund Brooke,
and his heirs forever. Item. 1 give, devise, and bequeath to my son,
Edmund Brooke (3) and his heirs the reversion of the m<?^suage, or tene-
ment called by the name of Newfoundland, wherein Mrs. Lydia Bush-
rod Brooke (4) now lives, by virtue of a settlement of the same for her
natural life, with the other moiety of the tract of land whereon I now
live, to be laid off as aforesaid ; and if he should die before myself, to
my son, Humphrey Booth Brooke, in such manner as the other moiety
is above limited, to be, and remain to my son Edmund Brooke, and
his heirs forever. 1 give, devise, and bequeath to each of my daugh-
ters, Mary (5), Catherine (6), Susannah (7), Sarah (8). and Elizabeth
Brooke 19), after my debts and legacies are paid, an equal portion of
my slaves, to be divided by commissioners, to be appointed by the
Court or the Executors of my will. Item. I give and beijueath to my
grand-daughter Anne Pettitt Brooke, a bracelet of three gumeas value.
Item. I give and bequeath the residue of my estate of every kind &
nature whatsoever, to be equally divided between my sons Humphrey
and Edmund Brooke, who I ordain and make my Executors. And do
renounce and revoke all former wills, and publish this to be my last
will and testament. In witness whereof I have hereunto put my hand,
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224 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
this day and year first above written by me. Interlined before publi-
cation. R. Brooke.
Witness to the publishing hereot :
John Scrosby,
Edward Voss ( lo).
Edwards Matthews.
Merriday Brown,
John Matthews.
At a Court held for Essex County, at Tappahannock, on the i8th day
of January 1790, this last will and testament of Robert Brooke, dec'd,
being presented in Court by Humphrey Brooke and Edmund Brooke,
the execu*^ors herein named, and was proved by Merriday Brown, one
of the witnesses hereunto, and also by the oath of the said executors,
and is ordered to be certified ; and a certificate is granted to the said
Humphrey Brooke and Edmund Brooke, in order to their obtaining
probate hereof in due form. Test : John P. Lee.
And at a Court held for the said county at the place aforesaid on the
20th day of September 1790 this last will and testament of Robert
Brooke deceased was further proved by the oath of Edwards Matthews,
another of the witnesses thereto and ordered to be recorded.
Test : John P. Lee, D. Clk.
A Copy, Test : A. Southworth, Clerk.
Notes to the Foregoing Will.
(i) His wife was Mary Fauntleroy, daughter of William Fauntleroy, of
Richmond County. It is noteworthy that he does not mention her in
his will although she certainly survived him.
(2) Humphrey Booth Brooke, like his father and grandfather, was a sur-
veyor. His wife was Sally . He and his family moved from Essex
and nothing is known by this writer of this Lost Tribe of the House ol
Brooke.
(3) Edmund Brooke married Harriet Whiting.
(4) She w^s the widow of the testator's son, Robert Brooke IV.
(5) Mary married Major Daniel Duval, of the Revolutionary Army
and of Nailors Hole, Essex ; issue Maria Brooke Duval, married Wil-
liam French, of North Carolina, issue James Strother Fiench.
(6) Catherine, born Feb. 14th, 1762, died October 23rd, 1821, married
Peter Francisco, b ?, died January i6th, 1831 (date of marriage un-
known), of the Revolutionary army and of Buckingham County ; issue,
( i) Susan Brooke Francisco, married Col. Edward Pescud and (2)
Catherine Brooke Francisco married Dandridge Spotswood, 3rd son of
Capt. John Spots wood, of "Orange Grove," Orange County, Va., and
of his wife Sally, daughter of Col. John Rowzie, of Essex.
(Ill) Peter Francisco, physician, never married.
(TO BE CONTINTED. )
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" Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. New Series. Edited
by R. A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society,
(Seal) Richmond, Va. Published by the Society.'' Eleven annual
Yolumes, uniform. 8vo., cloth, issued 1882-92, carefully indexed, as
follows :
The Official Letters of Alexander Spotswood, Lieutenant-Governor of
the Colony of Virginia, 17 10- 1722. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two Volumes. Portrait ana Arms, pp xxi-179 and vii-568. K 00
The Oflficial Records of Robert Dinwiddie, Lieutenant-Governor of the
Colony of Virginia, 1751-1758. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes, pp. lxix-528 and xviii-768. Portraits, facsimile of letters of presentation
Iran W. W. Corcoran, cut ot Mace of Borough of Norfolk, Va., and reproduction of the
Map of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, engraved for Jeflferson's Notes
•a Virginia, 1787. 5 5
Documents. Chiefly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration
to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin Town, with an Appen-
dix of Genealogies, presenting data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy,
Trabue, Marye. Chastaine, Cocke and other Families.
Piqpes xxi-247. Contains /ac-xiMf/^ of plan of "King William's Town." t hO
Miscellaneous Papers, 1 672-1865. Now first printed from the manuscript
in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. Comprising
Charter of the Royal African Co., 1672; Report on the Huguenot
Settlement 1700; Papers of George Gilmer of "Pen Park," 1775-78;
Orderly Book of Capt. George Stubblefield, 1776; Career of the
Iron-clad Virginia, 1862; Memorial of Johnson's Island, 1862-4; Beale's
Cav. Brigade Parole, 1865.
Fages viii-374. 2 50
Abstract of the Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London, 1619-
1624, Prepared from the Records in the Library of Congress by
Conway Robinson, with an introduction and notes. Vols. I and IL
Two volumes. Pages xlvii-aiS and 300. The introduction contains a valuable critical
mm!f oa the sources of information for the student of Virginia History. 6 00
The History of the Virginia Federal Convention of 1788, with some ac-
count of the Eminent Virginians of that era who were members of
the Body, by Hugh Blair Grigsby. LL. D , with a Biographical
Sketch of the Author and illustrative notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes. Pages xxvii-37a and 411. ."i 00
Proceedings of the Virginia Historical Society at the Annual Meeting
held December 21-22, 1891, with Historical Papers read on the oc-
casion and others.
Piqpes xix-586. Contains papers on the Virginia Committee of Correspondence and the
Can for the First Congress; Historical Elements in Virginia Education and Literary
Efibft ; Notes on Recent Work in Southern History ; Ancient Epitaphs and Descriptions
ia York and James City Counties, Washington's First Election to the House of Burgesses:
Sfliitbfield Church, built In 1653, Richmond's First Academy ; FacU from the Accomac
Comity Records, Relating to Bacon's Rebellion ; Thomas Hansford, first Martyr to Ameri-
CSB Uberty ; Joamal of Captain Charles Lewis in Washington's Expedition against the
FtCBch io 1755; Orderly Books of Major Wm. Heatl> ''77, and Capt. Robert Gamble, 1779,
lad Memoir of General John Cropper. r^ Of^WTp'
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The full set of these publications can be obtained for $3 1 .00, or the separate
publications, at the prices named.
CATALOGUE OF THE MANUSCRIPTS in the Collection of the Virginia Historical Society
and also of Some Printed Papers. Compiled by order of the Executive Committee. Supplement to
the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Richmond : Wm. Ellis Jones, Printer. 1901.
Paper, 120 pp. Price, |i.oo. Sent free to members and subscribers on receipt of 10 cents'for post*
age, &c.
AN ABRIDGMENT OF THE LAWS OF VIRGINIA. Compiled in 1694. From the origina
manuscripts in the collection of the Virginia Historical Society. 80 pp., paper. Richmond, 190^
An edition of 300 copies, reprinted from the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. Price,
li.oo.
Discount allowed to booksellers.
Virginia Magazhje of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Edited to October
I St, 1898, by Philip A. Bruce, and since that date by William G. Stanard,
Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society, (Seal). Pub-
lished Quarterly by the Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.
House of the Society, No. 707 East Franklin St.
Volume I — Octavo, pp. 484-viii-xxvi-xxxii.
Contains cut of the Society's Building, accounts of the proceedings and transactions of
the Society for the year 1893, and many exceedingly valuable, original historical docnments
and papers which have never before appeared in print. Among others may be mentioned,
Discourse of the London Company on its administration of Virginia affairs, 1607-1624;
Abstracts of Colonial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, beginning in 1624,
with full genealogical notes and an extended Genealogy of the Claiborne Family ; The
Mutiny in Virginia in 1635 ; Samuel Matthew's Letter and Sir John Harvey's Declaration ;
Speech of Governor Berkeley and Declaration of the Assembly with reference to the change
of Government in England and the passage of the First Navigation Act of 1651 ; Petition
of the Planters of Virginia and Maryland in opposition to the Navigation Act of 1661
Bacon's Rebellion, 1676; His three proclamations, Letters of Sherwood and Ludwell, Pro-
posals of Smith and Ludwell, and Thomas Bacon's Petition ; Letters of William Fitzhugh
(1650-1701), a Leading Lawyer and Planter of Virgmia, with a genenlogical account of the
Fitzhughs in England ; Lists of Public Officers in the various Counties in Virginia late in
the 17th and early in the i8th centuries ; Roster of Soldiers in the French and Indian Wan
under Colonel Washington ; Officers, Seamen and Marines in the Virginia Navy of the
Revolution ; Roll of the 4th Virginia Regiment in the Revolution ; Diary of Captain John
Davis of the Pennsylvania Line in the Yorktown Campaign ; General George Rc^^er*
Clark, — Roll of the Illinois and Crockett's Regiments and the Expedition to Vincennet ;
Department of " Historical Notes and Queries." containing contributions by Hon. Wm.
Wirt Henry, and many other items of value ; Department of " Book Reviews ; " A full
Index. S M
Volume II— Octavo, pp. 482-ii-xxiv.
Contains a full account of the proceedings and transactions of the Society for the
year 1894, and the following list of articles copied from the original documents : Report
of Governor and Council on the Ccmdition of Affairs in Virginia in i6a6 ; Abstracts of Col-
onial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, with full genealogical notes and
extended enealofiries of the Fleet. Robins and Thoroughgood Families ; ReporU of Griev-
ances by the Counties of Virginia after the suppression of Bacon's Insurrection ; A full his-
tory of the First Legislative Assembly ever held in America (that in 1619 at Jamestown),
written by Hon. Wm. Wirt Henry ; The concluding list of Virgmia Soldiers engaged in
the French and Indian Wars ; The opening lists of the Virginia Officers and Men in the
Continental Line, compiled from official sources ; A valuable account of the Indian Wan
in Augusta County, by Mr. Joseph A. Waddetl, with the lists of the killed and wounded ;
Instructions to Governor Yeardley in 1618 and 1626, and to Governor Berkeley in 1641 ; Let-
ters of William Fitzhugh continued, with full genealogical notes; The Will of William
Fitzhugh; A completr List of Public Officers in Virginia in 170a and 1714; Valuable ac-
count of Horse Racing in Virginia, by Mr. Wm. G. Stanard ; The first instalment of an
article on Robert Beverley and his Descendants ; Wills of Richard Kemp and Rev. John
Lawrence, both bearing the date of the 17th century; Short Biographies of all the memhert
of the Virginia Historical Society who died in the course of 1894; An elaborate Genealogy
of the Floumoy Family, throwing light on the Huguenot Emigration ; Department of His-
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torical Notes and Queries, containing many valuable short historical papers and also Gene-
mtogical contributions, among which the Carr and Landon Genealogies are of special
interest ; Department of Book Reviews, containing criiical articles by well known historical
scholars. Volume il, like Volume I, has been thoroughly indexed. 5 00
VoLUMB III— Octavo, pp. 460-ii-xxviii.
Contains a full account of the proceedings of the Society for the year 1895, and the follow-
ing list of articles copied from original documents : Letters of William Fitzhugh con-
tinued; Instructions to Berkeley, 1662; Virginia under Governors Harvey and Gooch;
Causes of Discontent leading to the Insurrection of 1666 under Bacon ; Will of Benjamin
Harrison the Elder; Culpeper's Report on Virginia in 1683; Defense of Col. Edward Hill ;
A series of Colonial letters written by William Byrd, Jr., Thomas Ludwell, Robert Carter,
Richard Lee, and Sir John Randolph ; Decisions of the General Court of Virginia, 1626-
i6a8, first instalment ; Indictment of Governor Nicholson by the leading members of his
Council; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents, extending to 1635, with full genealogical
notes; A History of Roberi Beverley and his Descendants, with interesting Wills and new
matter obtained from England ; Genealogies of the Floumoy, Cocke, Carr, Todd and Chap-
pell Families ; Voluminous Historical Notes and Queries of extraordinary original value,
relating to a great variety of subjects ; Department of Book Reviews, containing articles
£nmi the pens of well known historical scholars. Volume III, like the preceding Volumes,
has a full index. fi 00
VoLUMB IV— Octavo, pp 492-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of Contents : A Marriage Agreement between John
Cnstis and his wife ; A Perswasive to Tovms and Cohabitation by Rev. Francis Mackemie
1705; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents for 1635-6; Army Supplies in the Revolution,
Series of original letters by Judge Innes; Attacks by the Dutch on Virginia Fleet, 1667 ;
Boondary Line Proceedings, for Virginia and North Carolina 1710; Charges against Spots-
wood by House of Burgess 17 19 ; Council Proceedings. 1716-1717; Decisions of Virginia
General Court, 1626-38 Continued ; Defence of Colonel Edward Hill Continued Depositions
of Revolutionary Soldiers from County records ; Early Spotsylvania Marriage Licenses:
Genealogy— Cocke, Floumoy, Trabue, Jones, and Rootes Families ; Historical Notes and
Queries ; A full list of House of Burgesses, 1766 to 1775; Instructions to Governor Francis
Nicliolson : Letter and Proclamation of Argall ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ; Narrative of
Bacon's Rebellion by the English Commissioners ; full abstracts of Northampton County
Records in 17th Century ; Ordeal of Touch in Colonial Virginia : Patent of Auditor and
Sorveyor-General ; Prince George County Records with much information as to its families ;
Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary College, 1716; A list of Shareholders in Lon-
don Company, 1783 ; also of Slave Owners in Spotsylvania County, 1783 ; Virginia Tobacco
in Russia in 17th Century. Volume IV has a full index. 6 00
VoLUMB V— OcUvo, pp. 472-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of ContenU: Abstracts of Virginia Land Patenu,
1636; and Patents and Grants, 1769; Rappahannock and Isle of Wight Wills, 17th Century ;
Government of Virginia, 1666 ; Bacon's Men in Surry ; and List of Persons Suffering by the
R^Mllion; Boundary Line Proceedings, 1710; Carier Papers; Case of Anthony Penton;
Colonial and Revolutionary Letters, Miscellaneous ; Early Episcopacy in Accomac ; Depo-
sitions of Continental Soldiers; Families of Lower Norfolk and Princess Anne Counties;
Genealogy of the Cocke, Godwin, Walke, Moseley, Markham, Carr, Hughes, Winston,
Calvert, Parker and Brock enbrough Families; General Court Decisions, 1640, 1641, 1666;
Memoranda Relating to the House of Burgesses, 1685-91 ; Journal of John Barnwell in Yam-
msttrr War; Letters of Lafayette in Yorktown Campaign ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ;
Letters to Thomas Adams, 1769-71 ; Public Officers, 1781 ; Northampton County Records,
17th Century ; List, Oath and Duties of Viewers of Tobacco Crop, 1639 ; Petition of John
Mercer Respecting Marboro Town; Price Lists and Diary of Colonel Fleming, 1788-98;
Abstract of Title to Greenspring ; Tithables of Lancaster Coun y, 17th Century ; The Me-
herrin Indians: The Trial of Criminal Cases in i8th Century. Volume V has a full index 6 00
VoLUMB VI— OcUvo, pp. 4/3-iv-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents: The Acadians in Virginia;
Letters to Thomas Adams ; Journal of John Barnwell ; Vindication of Sir William Berk-
eley ; Will of Mrs. Mary Willing Byrd ; Inventory of Robert Carter ; Virginia Society of
the Cincinnati ; Epitaphs at Brandon ; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Jacobitism in
Virgtnla ; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents ; Letters of Lafayette ; A New Clue to the
Lee Ancestry i Letters of General Henry Lee ; Sir Thomas Smythe's Reply to Bargrave ;
Yirginim in 1623, i622-4, and 1771 ; Virginia Borrowing from Spain ; The Virginia Company
and the House of Commons ; Virginia Militia in the Revolution ; Washington's Capitu-
lation at Fort Necessity; Election of Washington (Poll List), 1758; Burning of William
and Mary College, 1705; Reminiscences of Western Virginia, 1770-90, &c., &c., &c., with
tallfaidex 6 00
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CITY BANK OF RICHMOND,
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CAPITAL, $400,000
SURPLUS, ...... $100,000
WM. H. PALMER, President. E. B. ADDISON. Vice-President.
«p.i905-iyr. J. W. SINTON, Cashier.
Capital, $200,000.00. Surplus, $700,000.00.
Deposits. $4,000,000.00.
Merchants National Bank,
BICHHOND, TA.
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INTEREST PAID IN
^ SAVINGS DEP'TM'T
Mercantile Accounts Handled on Most Favorable Terms.
JOHH P. BRANCH. President. J. R. PERDUE, Asst. Cashier.
JOHN KERR BRANCH. Vice-Prest. THOS. B. McADAMS, Asst. Cashier.
JOHN F. GLENN. Cashier. GEO. H. KEESEE, Asst. Cashier.
oct.i904-iyr.
Medical College of "Virginia,
BSTABLI8HKD 1888.
DEPARTMENTS OF MEDICINE. DENTISTRY ft PHARMACY
THE SIXTY-EIGHTH SESSION WILL
COMMENCE SEPTEMBER 26, 1905
Excellent Theoretical Course with Thorough Practical and
Clinical Instniction in the Memorial Hospital, City Free
Dispensary, and New and Well-Eqipped Laboratories, all
under the exclusive control of the College, together with
the State Penitentiary Hospital, City Almshouse and other
Public Institutions.
FOR CATALOGUE, ADDRESS
CHRISTOPHER TOMPKINS, M. D., Dean.
326 College Street, Richmond, Va.
»pl.<ftjy.05.
FENLAND NOTES AND QUERIES,
Edited by REV. W. D. SWEETING. M.A..
Holy Trinity Vicarage. Rotherhithe. London, S. E.
A Quarterly Journal devoted to the Antiquities, Geology, Natural
Features, Parochial Records, Family History. Legends and Traditions,
Folk Lore, Curious Customs, etc.. of the Fenland, in the Counties of
Huntingdon, Cambridge. Lincoln, Northampton. Norfolk and Suffolk.
Price IS. 6d. per quarter, by post, is. 8d. A year's subscription, if paid in
advance, 6s — post free. Vols. I, II, III and IV now ready, neatly bound,
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aii.i9os-iyr.
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with a dollar I Why don't you b^n
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and let it be a magnet to draw more
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you about it.
Planters National Bank,
Savings Dep^tf
12th and Main Streets, Rtehmond, Va.
Capital, Surplus and Profits.
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ANTIQUES.
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5/5 EAST MAIN STREET, - RICHMOND, VA.
Largest collection of Original Old Pieces in the State. Antique
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of the City. apl.05-lyr.
OUR ANCESTORS.
THE HISTORY OF FAMILIES OF PITTSYL-
VANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA.
Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the State of Virginia,
and was once even larger, embracing the territory now known as the
counties of Patrick and Henry. Being incorporated in 1767, Pittsyl-
vania has had an interesting history of its own for 138 years, covering
the turbulent times of the Revolution.
The records and will books of the county are very complete and
thorough, and in a perfect state of preservation, giving a list of all offi-
cers in the early magisterial courts; many rosters of officers and soldiers
of the Revolution and Civil Wars and numbers of declarations of the
Revolutionary soldiers.
From this county have gone many pioneers of iron nerve, who
settled the vast South and West, and the descendants of these men
would find the records of this county of untold interest.
I am in a position to furnish copies of and data from these records
at a nominal price, and would be pleased to correspond with any one
desiring information concerning them.
Mrs. NATHANIEL E. CLEMENT,
Member of Virginia Historical Society,
Chatham, Pittsylvania County, Va.
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THE
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CAPITAL, - - - - $500,000
SURPLUS & PROFITS, - $270,000
JOHN S. ELLETT. President, WM. M. HILL, Cashier.
JULIEN H. HILL, As^t Cashier.
Z>IRSOTOXiS.
J. M. Fourqurean, Alexander Cameron, Jno. S. EUett,
James D. Crump, Wm. M^ Hill. Granville G. Valentine,
A. R. EUerson. Horace S. Hawes, * J. L. Antrim.
SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT.
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The First National Bank
OF RICHMOND, VA.
(Paid in Capital _ „.t8eo,(IOO.OO>
CAPmL|^-ed^8urgue^.^^..... ,.^ ».«} ♦1.1^0,000.00
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Total Bosoorees 6,500,000.00
This is the largest Bank in Vii^nia, and by reason of its large volume
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that of a smaller institution.
The First National Bank, in addition to the large business of its Rich-
mond patrons, handles^ BY MAIL, hundreds of accounts for Merchants,
Manufacturers, Corporations, Individuals and Banks throughout Virginia,
West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
We invite personal interviews or correspondence from prospective
patrons.
John B. Purcbll, President.
John M. Miller, Jr., Vice-President and Cashier.
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tbe people of VlrjfiEita.
The Society will become the custodian of sittch artides of this char*
acter aa the possessors loay from aoy cause be uowilli0g to give, aod
ill the case of family papers or other manuscripts w!iich it may be
undesirable to publish, it will, upon requestt keep tJiem cofi^dential^
•^A large ^rr pr&of safe has been scctircd and placed \n the
Socie(y*s baildmg, m which all Diaouscripts and papers of value are
carefully preserved by the Ltbrar^ao.
In the vici^tude:! of war, and the repeated removals to vbicb the
Society 's Library has been subfccted, many voltimes have been lost
and the sets broken. Odd volumes lirom tbe coUectioas of its mem-
bers and well' wishers will therefore be gratefully received.
It i$ especially dcmmble to secure as complete a collectton as possi-
ble of early Virginia newspapet^f periodicab and aUroanacs,
Any book or pamphlet wriuen by a native or resident of Virginia,
published or printed in Vin^nia, or in any way relating to Virginb
or Virginians, will be accepted and preserved.
The Sacufy re^uesis gifts ofpk^i&gra^A^ (ca^mei liMe) pf^idpcr^
iraiii Qf Virgiidm^^ or ph^&grafiks, drmtnm^t &c,, tf/ €0^ &f
Anm ^ Virginia famiiiis. A/^ums ka^t been provided and an in*
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THE
VIRGINIA MAGAZINE
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
RICHMOND, VA.
VOL. XIII— No. a. JANUARY. 10O6.
Entered at the Postoffice at Richmond, Va., as Second-class Matter.
WM. ELLIS JONES. PRINTER, Digitized by GoOglc
iao7 E. Franklin St.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.
ARCHER ANDERSON, CHAS. V. MEREDITH,
E. W. JAMES. E. V. VALENTINE,
Rev. W. MEADE CLARK.
EDITOR OF THE MAGAZINE,
WILLIAM G. STANARD.
CONTENTS.
1. A Treaty Between Virginia and the Catawbas
and Cherokees, 1756 225
2. The Vestry Book of King William Parish, Va.,
1707-1750 265
3. The Early Westward Movement of Virginia,
1722-1734 281
4. Commission to Governor Yeardley and Council,
March 14, 1^25-6 298
5. Virginia Gleanings in England 303
6. Carriage Owners, Gloucester County, 1784 313
7. Hungars Church, Northampton County, Va 315
8. Genealogy 318
The Brent and Mallory Families.
9. Book Reviews 329
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THE
Virginia Magazine
OF
HISTORY AND BJOGIIAPHY.
Vol. XIII. JANUARY, 1906. No. 3.
A TREATY
Between Virginia and the Catawbas and
Cherokees, 1756.
[In the collection of the Virginia Historical Society is a pamph-
let (S^xiof^ inches) containing 25 pages, which was printed in
Williamsburg in 1756, and which contains accounts of treaties
made in that year with the Catawba and Cherokee Indians. A
reduced fac simile of the title page of this rare work is given on
the next page.
This, which is stated to be an official publication, gives an
introductory account, Governor Dinwiddle's letter to the com-
missioners, their commission and "instructions, his speeches to
the two tribes, the proceedings and texts of the two treaties,
the Governor's message to the House of Burgesses and the res-
olution adopted by that body. All of these are copied here in
full, for though the Governor's speeches and instructions are
printed in the Official Records of Robert Dinwiddle^ (Virginia
Historical Society Collections), II. 298-305. it is not deemed
proper to break the continuity of this record by omitting them
here.
The sole object of the treaty was, of course, to secure the aid
of the two nations of Indians against the French.]
* Commonly cited as the Dinwiddle Papers.
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TREATY
HELD WITH THE
CJTATTBA and CHEROKEE INDIANS,
AT THE
Catawba-Town <7/;// Bro a d-Ri ve R,
IN THE
Months of February and March 1756.
By Virtue of a Commlflion granted by the Honorable
ROBERT DINWIDDIE, Efquire, HisMajefty'*
Lieutenant-Governor, and Commander in Chief of the Colony
and Dominion of V I R G I N I A, to the Honorable
Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Efquires, Members of
His Majefty's Council of the (aid Colony.
Publijhed by Order 0/ /-fe G O V E R N O R.
•WILLIAMSBURG: Printed by W. Hunter. Kdcclvi.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 227
INTRODUCTION.
His Honor the Governor* having received several undoubted
Assurances of the sincere and hearty Dispositions of the Cataw-
bat and CherokeeJ Indians towards His Britannic Majesty's Sub-
jects in general, and this Colony in particular, and considered
the great Importance of securing those warlike Nations to our
* From the beginning of his administration Governor Dinwiddie
realized the necessity of retaining the friendship and securing the active
assistance of the Southern Indians. The Dinwiddie Papers contains a
great amount of information in regard to his negotiations with them,
and the relations of the Cherokees and Catawbas to the colonies in
general and to Virginia in particular.
In February, 1754, Abraham Smith, an interpreter and militia officer
of Augusta county (for whom see Boogher's Gleanings of Virginia
History, p. 333, &c.), went on a mission from the Governor to the Chero-
kees and Catawbas, asking that a force be sent to join General Braddock
(Dinwiddie Papers, I, 60, 6r, 99, &c.), and Governor Glen, of South
Carolina, was also asked to use his influence with them. The Indians
promised aid, but did not keep their promise. Dinwiddie accounted
for this failure by the presence of French emisaries among the Chero-
kees, and by the fact that Governor Glen was negotiating with their
chiefs for a meeting with himself.
t The Catawbas occupying the country between the Yadkin and
Catawba rivers, on each side of the boundary line between North and
South Carolina, numbered at this time only about 400 warriors, and
even this number was composed of the remnants of more than twenty
different tribes. The Catawbas, who could muster 1,500 warriors in
1682, had been reduced by disease (small-pox chiefly) and constant and
bitter warfare with the Iroquois, Cherokees, Shawneseand other nations,
to but a small and feeble tribe. Peace had been made some time be-
fore with the Cherokees, and the Broad river fixed as the boundary of
the two tribes (Mooney's Siouan Tribes of the East, p. 69), and the
struggle with the Iroquois was ended by the conference at Albany in
175 1 ; but the Western tribes still continued their attacks.
The principal village of the Catawbas was on the western side of the
Catawba river, in what is now York county, S. C, opposite the mouth
of Sugar creek. This was probably the ** Catawba Town " of the treaty.
The tribe remained steadfast friends to the English colonists.
For the Catawbas, see Siouan Tribes of the East, by James Mooney,
Bureau of Ethnology, Washington. 1894, pp. 67-74.
X The great nation of the Cherokees had at one time, it was supposed.
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228 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Interest at this perilous Juncture, when the French are laboring
to seduce them from their Fidelity to us. was pleased to propose
in Council the sixth of November last, That proper Commission-
ers should be sent as soon as possible to those Indians with an
handsome Present, and to conclude a firm and permanent League
with them. Whereupon the Council seeing that no better Use
could be made of Part of the Money His Majesty had been gra-
ciously pleased to advance and send to his Honor for the gene-
ral Service, unanimously agreed thereto. And Peter Randolph
and William Byrd, Esquires, being nominated and approved of
as Gentlemen perfectly well qualified to conduct and carry into
Execution the proposed Treaties ; they, in Consequence thereof
having received his Honor's Letter, with his Commission, and
Instructions, and Speeches to the Chiefs of the said Nations,
started immediately on their Journey, and concluded the Trea-
ties and Engagements, which are presented to the Public in the
following pages.
A Letter from the Governor to Peter Randolph* and
William BYRD,t Esquires.
Williamsburg, December 23d, 1755.
Gentlemen
*' Inclosed you have your Commission, my two Speeches to
been able to raise 6,000 warriors, but in 1738 the small-pox reduced
their numbers one-half within a single year. About 1756 it was believed
that their warriors numbered about 2,300. They were "settled nearly
in an east and west course, about 140 miles in length from the lower
towns where Fort Prince George stands, to the late unfortunate Fort
Loudon," on the Tennessee river, about thirty miles above the site of
Knoxville, and claimed a wide extent of territory in South-west Vir-
ginia, the present West Virginia, Kentucky and Tennessee. See The
Cherokee Nation of Indians, by ChaHes C. Royce, Fifth Annual Report
of the Bureau of Ethnology. Mr. Royce appears, however, not to have
read the Dinwiddie Papers, to have been ignorant of the treaty here
printed, and is entirely.mistaken when he says (p. 145) that Fort Loudon
was built by South Carolina.
* Col. Peter Randolph, of ** Chats worth," Henrico county, Virginia,
was a son of William Randolph, of '* Turkey Island." He was a mem-
ber of the House of Burgesses for Henrico in 1749, a"d was appointed
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 229
the Catawbas and Cherokees, with some Instructions for you
which are but short, as I have a great Dependence on your
known Capacity and Understanding ; I think proper to give you
a few Hints which may be of Service in your Negotiations with
those People. — You will first meet with the King and great Men
of the Catawbas ; after the Council is met and Ceremonies o
Reception over, you. are first to read your Commission, after
that (as the Custom of the Indians is) you are to tell them their
Brother, the Governor of Virginia, is going to speak to them :
then read my Speech ; as they are tedious in their Councils they
probably will require some Time to answer it. You are to take
all possible Care to convince them of our Regard and Love for
them ; let your Treaty with them be offensive and defensive,
which must be committed to Writing, and signed by all the Chiefs
present, and the Counter- Part by you in Behalf of this Colony.
Endeavour to get them to mention the Number of Warriors they
may agree to supply us with, and the Place they will march them
into our Country, when we may have Occasion for their Assis-
tance, and by what Message we are to give them Notice to come
in to join our Forces, that we may provide for their Reception.
If they should intimate any Expectations of being paid for the
to the Council in 1750; was County-Lieutenant of Henrico, and was
Surveyor-General of the Customs for the Middle District of North
America. He married Lucy, daughter of Robert Boiling, of "Boiling-
brook," and died in 1767. One of his sons, Beverley Randolph, was
Governor of Virginia, 1788-91 ; another, Robert Randolph, of**Eastem
View," Fautiuier county, was a Captain of Cavalry in the Revolution,
and was ancestor of the Rt. Rev. A. M. Randolph. Bishop of ihe Diocese
of Southern V^irginia, and a daughter. Anne, who married William
Fttzhugh, of" Chatham," was ancestor of Mrs. General R. K. Lee. Col.
Peter Randolph's will is given in VV^aters's G leant figs, I, 513-514.
t Col. William Byrd, of "Westover," third of the name, was the only son
of the well-known founder of Richmond, and author of the "Weslover
Manuscripts." He inherited the greatest estate in Virginia, but wasted
most of it. In his will (which was printed in this magazine IX, 80) he
bitterly repents his folly. He was appointed to the Council in 1754,
was Colonel of the Second Virginia Regiment in the P'rench and Indian
War. During the Revolutionary struggle hissxmpaihy was with Eng-
land, though he took no active part, on account of failing health. He
died at ' Westover," January ist, 1777, aged 48.
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230 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Men they may send in to our Assistance, you may come into such
Terms as you may think reasonable ; but if they do not mention
any Thing of that Nature, you may assure them of being prop-
erly taken Care of. — Do all you can to raise their Resentment
against the French and their Indians, and that they may discour-
age and hinder their coming into their Nation,
The Catawbas, I hear, have long complained of being so much
confined by the English settling on their Land, that they wanted
to sell their Land, and go further to the Westward ; if they men-
tion any Thing of this, you may assure them I shall do every Thing
in my Power with the Neighbouring Governors for their Service.
You will have Occasion to go thro' the forementioned Ceremo-
nies, &c., with the Cherokees ; but you are to consider them as
a much more numerous Nation, and their Lands very extensive ;
The French have been endeavouring for many Years to bring
them over to their Interest, and to build Forts in the upper Cher-
okee Country, but I hope they have not as yet built them ; if
they have, endeavour to prevail with the Indians to destroy them,
and by no Means to allow them any Settlement in their Nation ;
and if possible, to hinder any of the French or their Indians,
having any Consultations with them, unless they bring a Certifi-
cate or Message by one of the Six Nations or their Brothers the
English, otherways they will endeavour to deceive them. Per-
suade them to take great Care of the Passes over the Mountains
to the Upper Cherokees to prevent any Surprize. — Make an
Excuse for not sending them some Arms, let them know they
were not to be had here, but we will endeavour to provide some
for them, you will find the Traders* from South-Carolina, will do
all they can to harrass * * your Treaty. There is one Smith
a Native of this Country, and a Trader from Charles-Town, he
bears a good Character, you may send for him, he probably will
be of Service to you. Be sure to return the Cherokees hearty
Thanks for the Men they sent in with Mr. Paris to our Assistance
against the Shawnese.t
♦ Governor Dinwiddie accused the South Carolina traders of trying
to persuade the Indians to ^o on hunting trips, that they might have
skins and furs to sell to them, rather than send their warriors to the
aid of the Virginians.
t These men were 130 in number, and came to Virginia under the
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 231
As many Things may occur in the Course of your Negotia-
tions, that I cannot foresee your own good Sense must be your
Puide, and I accordingly refer it entirely to you. The Attorney-
General brings you the £^50 you wrote for. 1 am greatly disap-
pointed in Wampum, having wrote to Col. Hunter to bring me a
Quantity * * he is not returned ; I think you wrote me Col.
Eaton would supply you, he would let you know the Quantity
necessary.
Inclose you have Invoice of Goods for a Present, packed up
and directed for each Nation ; and I hope, if the Weather per-
mits, to send them from this on Monday or Tuesday next, for
Petersburg. The ten Pieces of Dutch Blanketing, from Mr.
Turnbull, are for the Cherokees, and if there be any Thing want-
ing ,have it from him, and desire him to send me the Account.
— As the Cherokees are, by Report ten to one of the Catawbas,
I have proportioned the Powder and Lead accordingly, which
you may alter if you see proper. — Two Cherokee Boys, who
were taken Prisoners by the Northern-Indians, were retaken by
a Company of our Rangers ; I ordered them back to their Na-
tion, pray enquire about then
Since writing the above, I have a Letter from Mr. Dobbs,
Governor of North-Carolina, he appoints two Commissioners
to go to the Catawbas and Cherokees : he proposes their meet-
ing you at a Place, I think he calls it Salisbury which he says is
near the Indian Road, which Rout he supposes you will take.
I wrote him, I believed you would set out from this the 4th or
6th of January.
If I have omitted any Thing as Hints for your Conduct, please
send me word and I shall answer you — That you may have your
Health, Success in your Negotiations, and a safe Return is the
sincere Wish of Gentlemen,
Your affectionate humble Servant,
Robert Dinvviddie.
To the Hon. Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
charge of Richard Pearls, or Paris, a trader who lived on the Holston.
These Cherokees took part in the abortive expedition against the Shaw-
nese in February and March. 1756.
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232 virginia historical magazine.
Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, His Majesty's Lieutenant-
Governor AND Commander-in-Chief of the Colony
AND Dominion of Virginia.
To the Honorable Peter Randolph, Esquire, one of his Majes-
ty's Council, Lieutenant of the County of Henrico, and Surveyor-
General of His Majesty's Customs; and William Byrd, Enquire,
one of his Majesty's Council, and Lieutenant of the County of
Lunenburg.
By Virtue of the Power and Authority invested in me, as His
Majesty's Lieutenant-Governor, andConimander-in-Chief of this
Dominion, I hereby nominate and appoint you, the said Peter
Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires, Commissioners to the
Catawba and Cherokee Nations of Indians ; hereby giving you
full Power and Authority to conclude and setde a firm Treaty
of Peace and Friendship with both those Nations, they, being
our old Friends and Allies.
Given under my Hand, and caused the Great Seal of this
Colony to be affixed thereto at Williamsburg this Twenty Third
Day of December, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Fifty Five.
Robert Dinwiddie.
Instructions, for Peter Randolph and William Byrd,
Esquires, appointed Commissioners to treat on Behalf
OF the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, with the
Catawbas and Cherokees.
I. You shall hold yourselves in Readiness to set forward to
the Place of Treaty pursuant to your Commission in order to
arrive at the Catawba and Cherokee Nations of Indians with all
due Speed, and being there arrived, you shall with all proper
Dispatch convene the Chiefs of the said Nations, and having
adjusted the necessary Forms and Ceremonies, you are at the
first general and public Conference to acquaint the Indians, thkt
you are come purposely to assure them of the kind and friendly
Dispositions of the Inhabitants of this Colony towards them, as
well as of the Care that has been taken on their Part, to preserve
the most perfect Harmony, and good Understanding with their
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 233
ancient Friends of those Nations in particular, and in general,
with all others with whom they have ever made Friendship
and Alliance. You are then to compliment them on their steady
Adherence, and to desire of them to concur with you in estab-
lishing and Confirming for all future Time, our unmovable friend-
ship with their Brethren whom you represent.
2. You are then to present my Speech to them, and proceed
to acquaint them with the Present you are charged with for them,
and to enlarge on the Kindness and Friendship * * towards
them ; and this will lead you to magnify the Grandeur and Muni-
ficence of the King, after which you are in the most affecting
Manner to present the Present as directed.
3. Having thus and by whatever other Means the Time and
Circumstances suggest, introduced yourselves to the Favor of
the Indians, you are to animate them against the unjust Disturb-
ances given to the Peace of Mankind by the restless and * *
thirst of Dominion, which is ever actuating the French to covet
and encroach upon the Possessions of not only the English, but
all the Indian Nations in America. To this End you will acquaint
them with their Breach of Faith, and the unprovoked Rapines
and Murders committed by them on the Frontier Inhabitants of
the Colonies in Time of Tranquility and Peace ; and let them
know that they have prevailed on the Delawares and Shawnese,
to do Mischief when they pretended to be our Friends. After
having duly represented these Perfidies and Violences, you are
to acquaint them that the Six Nations have joined us against the
French, and to desire their Assistance, and to agree on some
Distinction or Signal whereby the Catawbas and Cherokees may
be distinguished from other Indians, when they come into our
Inhabitants, and to know what Number of Men they will furnish,
and when.
4. You are to inform yourselves particularly, what Indian
Nations they can bring into our Alliance, and what Settlements
the French have made in their Neighborhood, their Extent,
Strength, and at what Period of Time they were made. And
you are to endeavor to make yourselves acquainted with the Arts
made Use of by the French to alienate the affections of Indians
from the English. You are to exhort them not to be drawn
away by deceitful empty Speeches, the peculiar Talent of that
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334 VIHGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
cunning People, nor to suffer them on any Pretence whatsoever,
to erect any Fort in their Country. But in every Attempt that
shall be made to shake their Duty to our common Father, let
them consider what real Acts of Friendship have been done
them by the English, and what by the French ; let them weigh
these Things well in their Minds, and then determine who best
deserves their Esteem and Regard, for it is not by vain unmean-
ing Words that true Friendship is to be discovered, but by its
Effects.
5. Whatever Treaty you shall enter into with either of these
Nations, you are to take special Care to have it signed by all the
Sachems or Chiefs who shall be present at it.
6. If any Thing incidentally occur in the Negotiations, not
particularly .taken Notice of by these Instructions, you are to
conduct yourselves in such M inner, as , the Nature and Ex-
pediency of the Subject Matter, Time and Place may require,
according to the best of your Discretion.
I wish you Success in your Negotiations, an agreeable Journey,
and a safe Return. And I am Gentlemen,
Your most humble Servant,
Robert Dinwiddie.
Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, His Majesty's Lieutenant-
Governor AND Commander-in-Chief of the Colony
AND Dominion of Virginia.
To the King, Sachems, and Warriors, of the Catawba Nation.
Wishing you Health and Prosperity.
Brothers and Friends,
This will be delivered you by the Honorable Peter Randolph
and William Byrd, Esquires, two of His Majesty's Council of
this Dominion, who will shake Hands with you, and are come
this long and tedious Journey to assure you of our real Friend-
ship and Love for you ; they have my Commission to treat with
you, and to brighten and Strengthen the Chain of Friendship
that has so long subsisted between you and your Brothers the
English, and am in great Hopes the Treaty you are to make with
the above Gentlemen in Behalf of this Dominion in particular,
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 236
and all the English Inhabitants on this Continent, will continue as
long as the Sun gives Light.
The French, by their Emissaries are endeavouring all in their
Power to gain over the friendly Indians to their Interest, I there-
fore advise you to be on your Guard against their invidious
Insinuations, for their Speeches consist of Falsehoods and unjust
Reports. The Six Nations have taken up the Hatchet against
the French and their Indians, and joined our Forces to drive
the French from the Lands they have unjustly invaded, have
lately given them a remarkable Defeat,* killed many of their Peo-
ple and taken * * of their great Officers Prisoners ; and I
hope next Year they will be able to confine them to the barren
Lands of Canada.
Lately many of the French joined with the Shawnese came
into our Country, * * and murdered many of our Breth-
ren ; Our Friends and Brothers the Cherokees, knowing the
Truth thereof, immediately took up the Hatchet against the
French and Shawnese and sent into our Country a Number of
their Warriors to protect our Frontiers, and to war against those
perfidious People. — And I hope Brothers you will also take up
the Hajtchet, against the French and their Indians ; and as I have
great Reason to expect many of the Cherokee Warriors on any
Occasion, to go to War against your Enemies and ours, I there-
fore hope you will also assist with a Number of your brave War-
riors.
The Commissioners will also deliver you a Present sent from
our Father the Great King, and this Dominion, to assure you of
our Sincerity to continue in true Friendship with the Catawbas.
Whatever the Commissiouers tell you, you are to believe as
spoke by myself, and I am in hopes you will conclude with them
a Treaty of Peace and Friendship which may continue as long as
the Rivers run and Trees grow, which will be confirmed by me,
and transmitted to our Father the other Side of the great Water.
May you live long, and that we may always act with true Friend-
ship, for each other, is my sincere Wish.
* This refers to the battle at Lake George in September, 1755, in
which the provincial forces, and their allies of the Six Nations, under
Major-General William Johnson, totally defeated the French under
Baron Diskau.
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236 VIRGINIA HISrORICA MAGAZINE.
Given at Williamsburg, under my Hand and the Great Seal o
this Colony, this Twenty-Third Day of December, One Thous-
and Seven Hundred and Fifty-Five.
Robert Dinwiddie
In Confirmation of the above I give you a Belt of Wampum.
Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, His Majesty's Lieutenant-
Governor, AND Commander-in-Chief of the Colony
AND Dominion of Virginia.
To the Emperor, Old- Hop,* and the other Sachems, and War-
riors, of the great Nation of the Cherokees.
Wishing Health and Prosperity.
This will be delivered you by the Honorable Peter Randolph
and William Byrd, Esquires, two of His Majesty's Council, who
will take you by the Hand ; they have undertaken this long
Journey to assure you of the real Love and Friendship your
Brothers of this Dominion have for you ; they have my Com-
mission to enter into a Treaty of Peace with you, to brighten
and strengthen the Chain of Friendship that has so long sub-
sisted between your Brothers the English, and the brave Chero-
kees, I desire you will receive what they say to you, as if spoke
to you by myself.
I am in hopes the Treaty now proposed to be made with the
above Gentlemen in Behalf of this Dominion in particular, and
all your Brothers on this Continent, will continue as long as the
Sun and Moon give Light. The French by their Emissaries are
endeavouring to poisen the Minds of our Friendly Indians, and
to withdraw them from their Brothers the English ; I advise you
* Old Hop was one of the principal chiefs of the Cherokees. Gov-
ernor Dinwiddie, in a letter to Richard Pearis, August 2, 1754 (Din-
widdie Papers, I, 267), states that he had always thought that the ** Em-
peror " was their chief man ; but that now he had learned that Old Hop
was even a greater man he would treat him with due respect. He
remained on friendly terms with the English during the whole of Dinwid-
die's administration. His son was at the head of a delegation of Chero-
kees who had a consultation with Dinwiddie in Williamsburg on
September 5, 1775, and the speech of the Cherokee, together with the
Governor's reply, are printed in the Dinwiddie Papers, II, 187-189.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 237
to be on your Guard against them, their Speeches are made up
of Falsehoods and unjust Reports, let none of them remain
among you, and by no Means allow them to build any Forts on
the River Hogohegee, in the Upper Cherokee Country, for their
Intentions are with evil Design against you and your Brothers
the English. — The Six Nations have taken up the Hatchet
against the French and their Indians, and joined our Forces to
the Northward with a great Number of their Warriors ; and in
a Batde with the French, we killed a great Number of their Men,
and took several of their chief Officers Prisoners, obtaining a
compleat Victory over them ; and I hope on Occasion you will
be ready and willing to give us your Assistance.
The Treaty now proposed to be made shall be confirmed by
me, and transmitted to our Father the King of Great-Britain,
&c. the other Side of the great Water. The Commissioners
will deliver you some Powder, Lead, and other Goods, from
your Father and your Brothers of this Dominion, to convince
you of our sincere Friendship to your Nation.
That you may remain an happy people, and that true Love
may subsist between you and your Brothers the English, till the
End of Time, is my sincere Wish.
Given at Williamsburg, under my Hand and the Great-Seal
of this Colony, this Twenty Third Day of December, One
Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty Five.
Robert Dinvviddie.
In Confirmation of the above I give you a Belt of Wampum.
A Treaty &c. At the Catawba-Tovvn, the 2oth
OF February, 1756.
Present.
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners for Virginia.
Thomas Adams,* Esquire, Secretary.
•Thomas Adams (1730-1787) was a member of the United States
Congress, 1778, and of the State Senate. His home at this time was
in Henrico county. See fVm. and Mary Quarterly^ V, 159-164.
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238 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Heigler,* King of the Catawbas, and all the Sachems and
Warriors of that Nation*
William Giles, Interpreter.
The Commissioners having first produced their Deputation,
and the same being read and interpreted, they spoke as follow-
eth:
Brethren, King, Sachems, and Warriors, of the Great Catawba
Nation.
**Our common Father, the Great King of England, has been
pleased to direct your Brother, the Governor of Virginia, to send
Commissioners hither,to assure you of his Affection, and to pre-
sent you with as many Goods in Token thereof as it was conve-
nient to send so far, at this Season of the Year. It was his
Pleasure to appoint us to that charge, and at the same Time', to
direct us to deliver you a Speech in his Name, with a Belt of
Wampum, which we are now ready to do, and hope you will be
attentive thereto.*'
To which King Heigler answered.
'*We shall always listen to every Thing that comes from our
Brothers of Virginia with great Attention, and are now prepared
to hear whatever you may be directed to say to us in the Name
of the Governor of that Colony.'*
The Secretary then proceeded to read the Governor's Speech,
which was Interpreted.
(See the Governor's Speech, Page ii)t
Upon which the Indians gave the Yo-hah.
Then the Commissioners spoke as follows.
Brothers and Friends,
**You have heard his Honor the Governor of Virginia's
Speech, wherein he has confirmed what we just now told you,
that we are sent here to represent him and the Colony under his
Command, in order to brighten the Chain, and strengthen
the Friendship, which has subsisted between you and them, since
a much earlier Time than our oldest Men can remember. It is
not Brethren in Behalf of Virginia alone, that we have come so
♦In 1762 King Heigler was killed near his own village by a small
party of Shawnese (Siouan Tribes ^ (Sfc.^ p. 72).
t This refers to the page \\\ the pamphlet.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1 756. 239
br to tell you, how highly we value and commend your steady
Friendship to the great King George, and his Children in Vir-
ginia, but of all his Subjects in America, who have ever held
you in high Esteem, having always found you our fairhfull Friends
and make no Doubt but that you will continue such to all future
Time : To convince you of our great Dependence upon your
unshaken Love, we present you with this String of Wampum.*'
** You cannot be Strangers, brave Catawbas, to the late
unjustifiable Steps taken by the French, that crafty Enemy of all
Mankind, to debauch the Principles and poison the Minds of not
only the Indians, but of all other Nations, who are in Alliance
with the great King our Father. They are a People, Brothers,
whose Thirst of Power is such that nothing but an intire Reduc-
tion of the whole World to their Subjection, can satisfy their
boundless Ambition. By their dark Measures, and deceitfuU
Practices, they have so unhappily succeeded, as to prevail on the
Shawnese and Delaware Indians to make Incursions on the Fron
tiers of Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania, to murder in the
most inhuman Manner, defenceless Husbandmen at their Labor,
weak Women in their Beds with their tender Infants at their
Breasts, resting secure in their own Innocence in time of a set-
tled Peace. And thus those Nations continue still to act in open
Violation of a solemn Treaty concluded on at Loggs-Town,* about
three Years past, between our Commissioners and their Chiefs.
*• Our Friends the Six Nations concerned for the Misfortunes
of their Brethren, and enraged that the French and their Indians
pay so little Regard to their Engagements, have taken up the
Hatchet against them, and joined General Johnson last Fall, on
Lake St. Sacrament, where alter a bloody Battle, it pleased the
Great God, to bless our Arms with V^ictory, and to enable our Men
to destroy the greatest Part of their Enemies, to captivate their
General, and slay many of their commanding Officers. To con-
firm the Truth of what we have told you, we give you this String
of Wampum.
** We are desired by the Governor of Virginia, to inform you
* The Journal of the Virginia Commissioners in the treaty at Logg's
Town, together with other documents in regard to it, were printed in
this Magazine, XIII, i43-'74'
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240 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
That we now stand in need of your Assistance ; and from the
many Instances of your Friendship, we hope you will join our
Forces with such a Number of Warriors, as you think you may
with Safety to yourselves spare, whenever there may be Occa-
sion for them, of which you shall have due Notice.
** Your Compliance with this Request will give us our Oppor-
tunity of representing to the King your Father, your Readiness
to defend His Dominions, on this Side of the great Water. And
that you may be encouraged to march against the Enemy with
greater Steadiness, we promise you that your Men shall be sup-
plied with Arms, Ammunition, and every Thing necessary for
War. To confirm the Truth of what we have said, and en-
force our Request, we give you this Belt of Wampum.**
Upon which the Indians gave the usual Cry of Approbation.
King Heigler, then repeated the Substance of what had been
said, and that there shall be no Mistakes, desired the Interpre-
ter to attend him and his Chiefs in a Council that Evening, and
at the same Time told the Commissioners that he proposed to
give them an Answer in the Morning.
Febuary 21st, 1756.
Present.
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners.
Thomas Adams, Esquire, Secretary.
Heigler, King of the Catawbas, and all the Sachems and
Warriors of that Nation.
William Giles, Interpreter.
King Heigler spoke as follows,
Brothers and Friends,
" At the Request of my Brother, the Governor of Virginia, I
made him a Visit last Year. After much Talk with him, which
I have treasured up in my Breast, and hope he has done the same
he told me that he did not then want my Assistance, but desired
that I would hold my Warriors in Readiness, not doubting, but
that he should have Occasion for them soon. It was at the
repeated Request of the Northern Governors, that we concluded
a Peace with their Indians, which we have hitherto strictly ob-
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1 756. 241
served. But as the Shawnese and Delawares, have broke the
Chain of Friendship, between them and our Brethern the English,
we think ourselves bound in Gratitude to declare them our Ene-
mies, and shall immediately take up the Hatchet against them,
and you may be assured, never lay it down 'till we have suffi-
ciently revenged the Blood of our Friends. We have always
been supplied, with Cloaths, Guns and Ammunition, by the
Great King, on the other Side of the Water, and have the most
greatfull Remembrance of his Kindness to us, which has link'd
us to his Interest with a Chain stronger than Iron. Our War-
riors delight in War, and our young Men are equally pleased
that they have an Opportunity of going to Battle It is my Reso-
lution to lead them on whenever the Governor of Virginia thinks
proper.
** We are in perfect Amity with the Cherokees, Cowetaws and
and Chickasaws. The Cherokees have ever been our Friends,
and as they are a numerous Nation, we acknowledge them to be
our elder Brother.
** We hope they will shew a good Example by sending a great
Number of their Warriors to join us and our Brethern of Vir-
ginia against the French and their Indian Allies.**
Gave a Belt of Wampum.
King Heigler, then desired his Warriors to speak for them-
selves, upon which Prenchee Uraw spoke as foUoweth,
Friends and Brothers.
** I am a young Man, and have not yet distinguished myself in
War but I am not a litde pleased, that I have an Opportunity of
d4)ing it. If I should be so fortunate as to do any Thing that
deserves Commendation, I shall have the Thanks of the Great
King George, and my Brethern the English. But whether I am
successful or not, my Endeavours shall be such as to convince
them of the Integrity of my Intentions.*'
Chippapaw, then rose up and spoke as follows.
Brothers,
** You have put a bright Hatchet in our Hands, which we
have accepted and hold fast. You have also directed us where to
strike it. I am determined, either to dye it in the Blood of our
Enemies, or to lose m;^ Life in the Attempt.
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242 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Hixa-Uraw, then spoke to the following Purpose,
Brothers,
* * I have listened attentively to what the King and Warriors
have said. Their Readiness in complying with your Request,
has given me great Pleasure, aud as I have * * as well as
they, I shall not stay at Home, if they are able to support me."
The other Warriors present said that the King and those who .
had already spoken, had expressed their Sentiments, and that
they were ready whenever they were called on, to hazard their
Lives in defence of their Brethern the English.
The Commissioners immediately made the following Reply.
Brethern,
** Your Answer has given us great Satisfaction, and we doubt
not, but that, by your future Actions, you will approve your-
selves to be that brave People your Brethern the English, have
ever esteemed you.
'* We have Instructions from our Governor, to desire that you
will inform us, the Number of Men you can send to our Assis-
tance, by which Means he will be the better Judge of our
Strengh.
Our Enemies the French will undoubtedly exert themselves to
carry their Schemes into Execution, and therefore it is the more
necessary we should act with Vigor and Unanimity. That there
may be no Missapprehensions, we have prepared our Instrument
of Writing, containing Six Articles, to be signed by us in Behalf
of the Colony we represent, and by your King and Sachems in
Behalf of your Nation. We shall leave them with you for your
Consideration, and when they have been interpreted to you, and
you have in Council consulted your People, we hope they will
meet with your Approbation.
"We have left a Blank for the Number of Men with which
you are to supply us, which, we flatter^ourselves, will be so great,
as to be of real Service to us, and demonstrate your Zeal for our
common Defence.
"The Goods, we have before-mentioned to you, are now
exposed your Views, and whenever it is agreeable to you, you
may proceed to divide them among you."
The Commissioners then withdrew, and the King and Sachems
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1756. 248
after a short Consultation, desired them to return, and after being
again seated, King Heigler spoke as follows.
Brethren,
•* We have had the Articles proposed to us under our Consider-
ation, and we entirely approve of them. A great Number of
our Warriors being now in the Woods, we can only venture to
assure you of Forty Men, altho' it is more than probable that we
shall send. double that Number. But that we may preserve the
Reputation of a steady, faithful People, we will engage for noth-
ing more than we can with the greatest Certainty comply with.
We have seen the Goods and accept them as a Token of your
Affection, which we hope you will deservedly continue to us so
long as the World exists."
The Articles were then again read, and signed by the Com-
missioners, the King, and Warriors of the Catawba Nation
respectively. After which the Indians expressed great Satisfac-
tion, and the Commissioners calling for Wine and Punch, drank.
Health to the Great King George and the Catawba Nation, which
put an End to the Treaty.
A Copy of the Articles.
Be it known to all those to whom these Presents shall come.
That the Honorable Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, Lieutenant-
Governor, and Commander-in-Chief, of the Colony and Domin-
ion of Virginia, and Arataswa King, Chupahaw, Prenchee-Uraw,
Hixa-Uraw, Tannasee, Yeaputkee, and Tooksesey, Sachems and
Warriors of the brave Nation of Catawba Indians, laying noth-
ing more tp Heart, than by new Ties, to strengthen the good
Correspondence established between the Subjects of the King of
Great Baltain, residing in North -America, and their Brothers
and faithful Allies the Catawbas, and to prevent, by Measures
taken in Time, the Accidents that may excite a War, or cause a
Disunion : The Honorable Peter Randolph, Esquire, one of His
Majesty's Council, Lieutenant of the County of Henrico, and Sur-
veyor-General of His Majesty's Customs, and the Honorable
William Byrd, Esquire, one of His Majesty's Council, and Lieu-
tenant of the County of Lunenburg, on the Part and Behalf of the
said Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, and the said Colony of Virginia,
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244 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
and the said Arataswa King, Chupahaw, Prenchee-Uraw, Hixa-
Uraw, Tannasee, Yeaputkee, and Tooksesey, Sachems and
Warriors on the Part and Behalf of the Catawba Nation, having
full Power to treat, accord, and conclude the following Articles:
I. That the ancient Alliance between the English and Cataw-
bas be renewed, and the old Chain brightened.
II. That if the French King shall at any Time wage War
against the King of England, the Catawbas shall wage War with
all their Power against the French King, and all his Indian
Allies.
III. That the Catawbas shall march into Virginia, Forty or
more able Warriors, within Forty Days from the Date of these
Presents, to such Fort or Place as the Governor of Virginia
shall direct.
IV. That the Men who shall be employed in the Service of the
English, in the Colony of Virginia, as Warriors, be found and
provided with all necessary Cloaths, Victuals, Arms and Am-
munition.
V. That neither the Catawbas nor Virginians, shall protect
the disobedient Subjects of the other, or entertain Rebels, trait-
ors or F'ugitives, but within Twenty Days after due Requisition
made, shall deliver them up.
VI. That if any Subjects belonging to the King of Great-
Britain, residing in Virginia, or any Indian belonging to the
Catawba Nation,* shall offend against this Treaty, they shall be
punished, without the Treaty being any Way thereby infringed.
Done and signed at the Catawba-Town, the 21st Day of Feb-
ruary, 1756.
Peter Randolph. [L. S.]
William Byrd. [L. S.]
Arataswa (mark) or Heigler. [L. S.]
Chupahaw. (mark) [L. S.]
Prenchee-Uraw. (mark) [L. S.]
Hixa-Uraw. (mark) [L. S.]
Tannasee. (mark) [L. S.]
Yeaputkee. (mark) [L. S.]
Tooksesey. (mark) [L. S.]
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 245
Broad-River, March I3.th, 1756.
Present.
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners for Virginia.
Thomas Adams, Esquire, Secretary.
The Sachems and Warriors of the Cherokees.
Richard Smith, Abraham Smith and Daniel Carrol,
Interpreters.
The Little-Carpenter**spoke as follows.
Friends and Brothers,
**The Waters are high, and as we are numerous, and there
are no Canoes to carry us over the River, we shall be obliged to
you to come over to us. We should not presume to expect this
Favor, but that you may pass the River in one Canoe, and our
People are all desirous of being present at the Treaty. We are
impatient to return Home, and therefore, altho we are much fa-
tigued, hope you will join with us in expediting the Business as
fast as possible.'*
To which the Commissioners replied,
** Your Request is very »'easonable, and therefore we shall chear-
fully comply with it. We are pleased to find you disposed to
enter on Business immediately, and we shall be ready to speak
to you To-morrow at Twelve o' Clock."
March 14th, 1756,
Present
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners.
Thomas Adams Esquire Secretary.
The Sachems and Warriors of the Cherokees.
Richard Smith, Abraham Smith, and Daniel Carrol,
Interpreters.
* AttakullakuUa,.'* King or Emperor" of the Cherokees, also called
The Little Carpenter. About 1738 he was chosen vice-king under
Oconostota. He wa<5, at the time of the treaty a staunch friend of the
English. After the massacre at Fort Loudon he rescued Captain Stuart
and conducted him safely to the frontiers of Virginia.
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246 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The Commissioners spoke as follows,
Brethern, Sachems and Warriors of the great and powerful
Nation of Cherokees.
**The Governor of Virginia, having by his Commission under
the Great-Seal of that Colony, deputed us to visit you our Breth-
ern, in order to consult you on some Affairs, in which our Inter-
ests are mutually concerned ; we heartily bid you welcome. We
have waited a long Time for your coming, but we presume, from
the remote Situation of many of your Towns, that your Sachems
could not be convened sooner, and therefore we the more chear-
fully acquiesce under the many Inconveniences we have been
subjected to thro* your Delay. You could not have given us a
greater Evidence of your Esteem, than by your meeting us so
much lower down than the Place you first appointed ; the Bad-
ness of the Roads, which are almost impassable for Waggons and
the Scarcity of Corn having made our Journey both tedious and
expensive. We are first to deliver you a Speech, in the Name
of our Governor, with a Belt of Wampum, which we hope you'll
hear with Attention, and that it will have that Influence with you
which he expects."
The Secretary then read the Governor's Speech, which was
interpreted.
( See the Governor's Speech, Page * * )
Upon which the Indians gave the Yo-hah.
Then the Commissioners spoke as follows,
'* As you are now acquainted with the Intention of our under-
taking this long and fatiguing Journey, permit us to a.ssure you
of our Readiness to concur in brightening and strengthening the
Chain of Friendship which has hitherto remained unviolated, and
which we on our Parts shall endeavor to preserve unshaken, so
long as the Sun and Moon shall endure.
Brethern,
Your Fidelity and steady Adherence to the Interest of the
English, of which the sending of your Warriors to the Assistance
of your Brethern the Virginians in a recent instance, have had such
an happy Influence upon the King your Father, that He, always
disposed to reward his dutiful Children, has ordered a Present of
Goods to be sent to you. And in Obedience to his Majesty's
Commands, we were immediately dispatched with them, and
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 247
they are now ready for your Acceptance. We are sorry to tell
you, that altho* your Brother the Governor of Virginia, spared
no Pains in purchasing the most suitable Goods for you, yet he
could by no Means procure a sufficient Number of such fire
Arms, as would be acceptable to you. We have however his
Permission to assure you, that you shall be supplied with them
hereafter. — In Confirmation whereof we give you this String of
Wampum.
Bret hern,
' 'You have undoubtedly heard that many skulking Parties of
Indians, prompted thereto by our treacherous and most perfidi-
ous Enemies, the French, have made Incursions upon our Fron-
tiers, murdering and captivating all the Men, Women and
Children, who were so unhappy as to fall into their Way. The
Indians principally concerned in this * * are the Shawnese
and Delawares, who delighting in Blood and not observing the
most solemn Treaties, at which they have always had a large
Share of the Royal Bounty have by the Cunning and Artifice of
the French, been withdrawn from their Allegiance to the Great
King, the Father of us all, and prevailed on to fake up the mur-
derous Hatchet against his Children. Thus the French, contrary
to the Law of Nature and Nations, are for ever pushing on our
own Allies to destroy us, and what may we not all expect, if we
do not vigorously unite to frustrate their wicked Designs. The
Frontier Inhabitants of the Northern Colonies have been as yet
the only Victims of their * *, but be assured, Brethern, that
unless you take the necessary Steps to prevent it, you will like-
wise be involved in the same Calamity. That we may never be
again exposed to the Treachery and Deceit of those cruel Sav-
ages, we have resolved to cut them off from the Race of Mankind,
and we do in Behalf of the People we represent, return you our
Sincere and unfeigned Thanks for your kind and friendly Assis-
tance in the Execution of that Design.
Brethren,
**The French, who have nothing less in View than universal
Monarchy, and are for ever encroaching upon the Lands of not
only the English, but of all the Indian Nations in America, have
built Forts upon our Lands ; And the better to support their
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248 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ambitious Views, they have used every Artifice in their Power
to^win the Six Nations to their Interest. But they detesting their
perfidious Practices, and being by dear-bought Experience con-
vinced, how little their Promises are to be regarded, would not
be deluded by their fallacious Speeches, but taking up the
Hatchet against them and their Indians, joined our Forces to the
Northward with a great Number of their Warriors, where our
Army under the Command of General Johnson, obtained a com-
plete Victory over them. In Testimony whereof, we give you
this Belt of Wampum.
Brethren,
** Remember how this cruel People usurped the Land of the
Nochess,* and chased them from their Country. Forget not also
their Endeavours to destroy the Chickasaws, who having timely
Noticejof their evil Intentions, gave them a brave Repulse. You
must have heard of the many Attempts they have made to cut
off the Six Nations, but they diligently pursuing the most prudent
Measures for their Security, have hitherto avoided the fatal Blow.
We could enumerate a thousand Instances of their Cruelty, and
defy them to point out a single Instance of ours : No, Brethern ;
on the contrary, many Nations of Indians reduced by War, and
unable to withstand the Torrent of their Enemies, have fled to
us for Refuge, and have always found a secure Retreat among us.
Brethren,
*' The American Colonies no longer able to bear the Insults of
the French, are resolved to unite in revenging the Injuries they
have received from that perfidious Nation. And we have the
most sanguine Hopes, that you, fired with Indignation at their
repeated Acts of Barbarity, and animated with that Spirit, for
which the Cherokees have been ever remarkable, will not suffer
the Blood of your Brothers the English, who are always ready
♦ The Natchez, who lived originally about the site of the present city
of the name, became involved in a war with the French in 1729, which
resulted in their complete destruction as a tribe in the following year.
The remnant fled in various directions, and at the time of this treaty
many of them were living among the Cherokees {Siouan Tribes^ &c,^
83-84). A reference, therefore, to their misfortunes could be made to
the Cherokees with peculiar effectiveness.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1 756. 249
to sacrifice their Lives and Fortunes in your Defence, to remain
unavenged. Wherefore, we invite you to follow the Example
of the Six Nations, by joining not only your own Force with
ours, but likewise by calling on all the Nations either in Alliance
with you, or depending on you, to assist us. By which Means
you will manifest your Duty to the King your Father, and your
Love to your Brethren. For that Purpose you shall be fur-
nished with Arms and Ammunition, Cloathing and Provision.
In Confirmation whereof, and to enforce our Request, we present
you with this Belt of Wampum.
Which was received with the usual Cry of Approbation.
Brethren,
** We have heard, that the French have been endeavouring by
their false Reports and cunning Insinuations, to alienate your
Affections from the English, but we have too great Confidence in
your Integrity, to suspect that you can be influenced by their
deceitful and empty Speeches: And we flatter ourselves that you
will on all Occasions, give us the best and earliest Intelligence,
of any Designs that may be formed to our Disadvatage. By
such generous and candid Behaviour, you will not only establish
a Friendship with us upon a lasting and permanent Foundation,
but also merit the Esteem of the King your Father, who never
fails to feed his dutiful Children when they are hungry, and
cloath them when they are naked. — In Pledge of the Truth of
what we have spoken, and of our Inclination to live and die with
you, we give you this Belt of Wampum.
Which was received with the usual Cry of Approbation.
Brethren,
**It gives us Concern to hear that you should suspect your
Friend, Richard Smith, of endeavouring to prevail on us, to
leave Part of the Goods designed for you at the Catawbas, by
insinuating that you were not a People worthy of a large Pres-
ent. We assure you that the Report is without the least Foun-
dation, and that if he had attempted to lesson you in our Esteem,
we should have treated him with the greatest Disdain. Your Bre-
thren of Virginia, truly sensible of your inviolable Attachment to
the Interest of the English, have taken every Opportunity of giv-
ing you Demonstrations of their Affection. The Present indeed is
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250 VIRGINIA HISTORICA MAGAZINE.
not SO large as we could wish, for the* Reason already mentioned
that the most material Articles, were not to be had in our Col-
ony. To remove these Jealousies for the future we would fain
have you send some of your Boys to Virginia, where we have a
School* erected for their Education. We promise you that all
due Care shall be taken of them, both with Respect to their
Cloaths and Learning. When they have come to be Men, they
will be acquainted with the Manners and Customs of us both,
and our Children will naturally place such Confidnnce in them as
to employ them in settling any Disputes that may hereafter arise.
In Token of the Sincerity of our Intentions, and of our great
Desire, that you should accept of our Invitation, we give you
this Belt of Wampum.
Which was received with the usual Cry of Approbation.
CulloughcuUa, repeating to the Interpreter what had been
said, desired to know if he had understood him right : which
when the Interpreter answered in the Affirmative, he addressed
himself to the Commissioners, telling them that they would de-
liberately consider every Thing that had been said to them, and
return them an Answer To-morrow.
March 15th, 1756.
Present
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd Esquires,
Commissioners.
Thomas Adams, Esquire, Secretary.
The Sachems and Warriors of the Cherokees.
Richard Smith, Abraham Smith, Daniel Carrol,
Interpreters.
Culloughculla's Answer to the Commissioners* Speech
delivered yesterday.
Brothers,
*'This Day is appointed from above, for our Meeting, and I
rejoice in seeing our eldest Brothers the Virginians here ; and
that we may give you the earliest Assurance of our Affection
for you, I present you with this String of Wampum. I have
♦The Indian School of William and Mary College, generally known
as the Brafferton.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1756. 251
been in England, and have seen the Great King, you have so
often had Occasion to mention. He then acknowledged the
Cherokees to be his Children, as well as the English, and desired
that we might continue Brethren for ever. I shall always remem-
ber my Father's Command, and shall, whenever I have an Oppor-
tunity, give the strongest Demonstrations of my Readiness to
obey them. It gives me the greatest Concern to hear of the
horrid Murders committed by the Indians on the Frontier Inhab-
itants of Virginia, and our Endeavours shall not be wanting, to
prevent such Massacres for the future ; altho* I must tell you that
all our People, who, by their Situation, can be most useful on
this Occasion, live in the upper Towns, who are as much exposed
to the Incursions of the French and Indians, as your Frontier
Inhabitants ; and unless we have a Fort built for the Protection
of our Wives and Children, in the Absence of our Warriors, it
will not be safe for us to leave them. We have had frequent
Promises from the Governor of South-Carolina, to build us a
Fort ; and it was stipulated at a Treaty* held at Saludy last Sum-
mer, when we signed a Release for our Lands to the Great King
George : But we do not find, that that Governor has yet made
the least Preparations towards performing his Engagement.
Wherefore, we are sorry to tell you, that we don't much rely on
him. The King, our Father told me, that we should mutually
assist each other, and therefore, as we are unacquainted with the
manner of building Forts, and had not the necessary Materials,
we thought ourselves justifiable in making our Application to
Governor Glen, who, I must again repeat it. has forfeited his
Word. I have a Hatchet ready, but we hope our Friends will
not expect us to take it up, 'til we have a Place of Safety for our
Wives and Children. When they are secured, we will immedi-
ately send a great Number of Warriors to be employed by your
Governor, where he shall think proper. I have given a true
State of the Condition of, our Country, and desire you will make
• The treaty with Governor Glen of South Carolina, concluded at
Saluda, S. C, November 24, 1755, by which the Cherokees ceded the
lands within the present limits of Abbeville, Edgefield, Laurens, Union,
Spartanburg, Newberry, Chester, Fairfield, Richland and York, South
Carolina. (Royce, The Cherokee Nation of Indians.)
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a true Representation of our Situation to your Governor, and at
the same Time tell him. that if no Steps are taken for our Secur-
ity, the French will extinguish the Friendly Fire between us : If
he should have any Message to send us hereafter, or should think
it expedient to send Commissioners again to us, we desire they
may come the Northward Path, it being the nearest. As it is a
very dangerous Way, we need not recommend it to him to send
a strong Guard. Our Governor is old and infirm, and can by
no Means cross the Mountains, to meet you on the Southern
Path, but I am instructed to tell you, that he will on any Oc-
casion meet you at Stalnacker's,*and he hopes that the Governor
* Samuel Stalnaker, probably one of the numerous German emigrants
from Pennsylvania to the western part of Virginia, was at one time the
latter colony's most western inhabitant.
Dr. Thomas Walker, in his journal {Fiison Club PubHcations, No. 13,
pp. 41, 42), states that in April, 1748, he met Stalnaker, then on his way
to the Cherokees between the Reedy Creek settlement and the Holston
river» Stalnaker was already an experienced trader and hunter, and is
believed to have told VV^alker of Cumberland Gap at that time. On
March 23, 1750 Dr. Walker and his associates, on their w^y to Kentucky,
again met Stalnaker (who had just come to the p ace to settle) on the
Middle Fork of Holston, and helped him to build his house. This was
then the last settlement in Virginia to the westward. On Fry and
Jefferson's Map^ 1751, this settlement is located on the Middle Fork of
Holston, on the north side, a few miles above iis junction with the
South Fork. This was no doubt the place where the Cherokees
wished to meet any future conmiissioners from Virginia.
On June 78, 1755, Samuel Stalnaker, **of Holston," was captured by
the Shawnese, and his son Adam and a Mrs. Stalnaker killed by the
same party (Waddell's Annah of Augusta, p. 154.) The statement of
Withers i^Border War/are^ new edition, p. 343) that the elder Stalnaker
was never actually in the hands of the Indians, but escaped by hard riding,
is contradicted by the "Preston List," cited by Waddell, and by several
letters from Governor Dinwiddle, of various dates in June and July,
1756, in which it is stated that one Stalnaker, an inhabitant of Augusta
county, had been captured by the Shawnese, but had escaped and had
reported on the number of French and Indians he had seen. {Dinwid-
die Papers, II, 447, 448, 451.)
In September, 1756, the Governor wrote to Col. Clement Read,
County-Lieutenant of Lunenburg, directing him to give Stalnaker /*ioo
to qualify him to raise his company and to build a little fort at Draper's
Meadows (now Smithfield, Montgomery county). The settlement here
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1756. 253
of Virginia, will not refuse him a Meeting there. To convince
you of our Attachment to your Interest, and to enforce our Re-
quest, we give you this String of Wampum.
Brothers,
**It gives us Concern to find, that for so many Years our
Brethren of Virginia, have declined a Trade with us. The King
our Father, when I was in England, assured me that we should
constantly be supplied with Goods : but we have hitherto found
was, at the time, the first west of the Alleghany d'vide, and the first
on Wood's, or New River.
The garrison was probably not long retained here, as Dinwiddie,
writing to Major Lewis, December 17, 1756, says that he does not
think that Stalnaker should complain at the reduction of the number of
fort<, but thinks it would be well to appoint him a lieutenant in a fort,
"being well acquainted with the woods, and a good Pilot or Guide upon
occasion." {Dinwiddie Papers, II. 567.)
Stalnaker was present at a council of war held at Staunton, July 29,
1756, to determine the location of forts to be built on the frontier
(Summers's History of Southwest Virginia, pp. 66, 67^. Mr. Summers
thinks that it was at his request that stockade forts were built at
Dunkard's Bottom, on New River, and at Davis's Bottom, on the head
waters of the Middle Fork of Holston. It was intended that Captain
Stalnaker should take part in an expedition against the Shawnese
which was in preparation in the beginning of 1757, but the campaign
wa*i abandoned.
About 1768 or '69, J. F D. Smyth, the English traveller, visited South-
west Virginia, and found Stalnaker living at his old home on the
Middle Fork of Holston. He says that after crossing that stream three
times during the day, '* at night we came to Sialnaker's, where a few
people, indeed all the inhabitants, had also erected a kind of wretched
stockade fort for protection against the Indians ; but they had all left
it a few days before our arrival and returned to their respective
homes. We remained for two days at the old Dutchman's house, for
rest and refreshment for ourselves and horses, ♦ * » and also to
make inquiry concerning our future route "to Kentucky. The old
pioneer, still wise in all the learning of the wilderness, was able to
describe to Smyth, as he had many years before to Walker, a new
route to Kentucky, which had recently been discovered, and which was
a nearer way than that commonly used.
This seems to be the last notice of the sturdy frontiersman who
played no unimportant part in the advancement of Virginia towards
the west
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264 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
it Otherwise. We tell you this, in hopes that when your Gov-
ernor knows it, he will give proper Encouragement to some of
his People to open a Trade with us. You perceive the Naked-
ness of our People, and are very sensible, that we are unable to
make any Thing but Bows and Arrows for our Defence ; they
are but bad Weapons, compared with Guns which kill at a great
Distance. The French supply their Indians with the best of
Fire-Arms, and in that they have the advantage of us : and
therefore we again repeat our Request to you, to begin a Trade
with us, which we hope will be to our mutual Advantage. — To
enforce our Request we present you with these Skins.
Brethren,
* * Our Governor gave us a particular Charge to let you know
our Wants, and at the same Time to assure you, that the Path
shall be cleared for your Traders, in such a Manner, as that it
shall never wear out. He also directed us to desire that you
will transmit this Treaty to the Great King on the other Side the
Water, who, we doubt not is quite ignorant of our Circum-
stances, and will relieve us as soon as he is acquainted with them.
To remind you of this Request we give you these Skins.
Cunnetalogo, then rose up and spoke as follows,
'* I am sent a Messenger by the Governor of our Nation, with
this Belt of Wampum, to acquaint you of his Infirmities, and
that he could not possibly cross the Mountains, but that if the
Governor of Virginia, should hereafter think proper to have a
Meeting, with him, he could very conveniently come to Stal-
naker's. He also desired me to inform you that he thought
himself in great Danger, and that he could not possibly send out
any Warriors to your Assistance, *til he had a place of Security,
in their Absence, for their Wives and Children ; he therefore
hopes the Men will be sent immediately to erect a Fort. I am
also directed to acquaint you, that the Trade we have with Caro-
lina, is not sufficient to supply us with Necessaries, which you
may judge from our Nakedness. I do in our Governor's Name
entreat you, to represent our Condition to your Governor, who,
we make no doubt, when he is informed of our Poverty, from
the Mouths of Men he can rely on, will send Traders to us. We
will open the Path and keep it clear.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1 756. 255
Gave a Belt of Wampum.
The Commissioners desired the Interpreter to tell them, that
they would consider on what they had severally said, and give
them an Answer To-morrow.
March i6th, 1756.
Present.
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners.
Thomas Adams, Elsquire, Secertary.
The Sachems and Warriors of the Cherokees.
Richard Smith, Abraham Smith, Daniel Carrol,
Interpreters.
The Commissioners spoke as follows,
Brethren,
** We are much pleased at the Satisfaction you expressed
Yesterday of seeing and talking with your Brethren of Virginia.
But at the same Time it gave us no small Concern, to hear from
the Mouth of one of your greatest Warriors, who, we presume,
spoke the Sentiments of you all, that you are not in a Condition
to assist us. You reminded us of our mutual Obligation to assist
each otiier in Case* of a War with the French, which we ac-
knowledge. And the Treaties for that Purpose gave us the
strongest Assurance that you would when called upon to join our
Forces on the Ohio, with at least Five Hundred of your Warriors,
which we hoped mij^ht be well spared, as your Nation is very
numerous. You tell us that your Towns situated on the upper
Side of the Mountains, are equally exposed with our Frontier
Inhabitants to the Incursions of the French, but as we have
always heard, that there were only a few Men employed in build-
ing the Fort you mention, and those at a great Distance from
you, we had no Reason to apprehend you to be in immcdiae
Danger. However, as you thmk otherwise, we must allow, that
Self Defence ought to be first provided for, and therefore, to
remove all Objections, we, in Behalf of the Colony of Virginia,
do engage, that thev shall contribute their Proportion of the
Expence of building a strong Fort for your Protection, provided,
that you in Behalf of your Nations, will contract to supply us
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256 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
with a large Number of your Warriors, when that is completed ;
to be marched into any Part of our Colony, upon the first Notice.
And in the mean Time, if you can supply us with only Two
Hundred Men, you will have the greater Pretensions to the
Protection of the King your Father. We are the more solicitous
for your Assistance at this Juncture, as there are many Indians
in the French Service, whose Method and Manner of Fighting,
you are much better acquainted with, than our People.
** We shall faithfully represent, every Thing you have said to
us to the Governor of Virginia, who will transmit this Treaty to
the King your Father, and not only use his good Offices with
His Majesty in your Behalf, but also his Influence on the Inhab-
itants of that Colony, to engage them to be Adventurers in a
Trade with you.
•* We have great Hopes, that another Meeting will be quite
unnecessary, as we are now invested with a full Power of con-
cluding a Treaty with you, and you may be assured, our Engage-
ments will be punctually performed. If our Proposals meet with
your Approbation, it is necessary that we should enter into an
Obligation to perform our respective Parts, and we shall prepare
a Writing for that purpose, and send it to you this Evening for
your Perusal.
"When you have considered it and consulted your People,
you will then acquaint us with your Thoughts of it, for which
Purpose we will attend you early in the Morning, and shall then
hope to finish our Business.*'
Culloughculla answered, that they were very desirous of bring-
ing the Treaty to a Conclusion,- and that they would take the
Articles as soon as they were prepared under their immediate
Consideration, and be ready to give a final Answer in the Morn-
ing.
March 17th, 1756.
Present
The Honorable Peter Randolph and William Byrd, Esquires,
Commissioners for Virginia.
Thomas Adams, Esquire, Secretary,
The Sachems and Warriors of the Cherokees.
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1 756. 257
Richard Smith, Abraham Smith, Daniel Carrol,
Interpreters.
Culloughculla spoke as follows, '
**The Writing you sent us last Night has been interpreted to
us. and having duly considered it, we approve of every Thing
contained therein, and are now ready on our Part to sign it.
We will engage to assist you with Four Hundred Men at least,
as soon as the Fort is completed, and we are not without Hopes;
but that we shall then be able to send you double that Number.*'
The Commissioners immediately signed it in Behalf of Vir-
ginia, and the Sachems in Behalf of their Nation ; after which
the Sachems by the Invitation of the Commissioners dined with
them, when the Commissioners drank ' The King's Health, the
Royal Family, and Success to the Cherokee Nation/ and the
Indians returning the Compliment, drank ' His Majesty, the
Royal Family, and Prosperity to their Brethren the English.*
The Indians then retired to their Camp, taking first leave of the
Commissioners and those present and expressing themselves
well pleased with every Thing that had been done.
A Copy of the Articles.
Be it known to all those to whom these Presents shall come
That the Honorable Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire Lieutenant-Gov-
ernor, and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony and Dominion of
Virginia, and Ammoscosettee, Emperor, Otterle, Culloughculla,
Counnerculogo, Onconago, WuUonowa, Occonnistoto,*Chuchu,
♦ Oconostota, head king of the Cherokees, and one of their most
noted warriors. He visited England in 1730. Though he is generally
stated to have been elected head king of his nation about 1738, it is
evident from the references to the "Governor" which appear in the
text, that Oconostota was not at this time the supreme head of the
nation.
For a time he was friendly to the English, but when the breach
occurred he was the chief leader of the Cherokees in their attacks on
Forts Prince George and Loudon and along the entire frontier. He was
defeated and reduced to submission, but again in 1776, took the lead in
the plan by which the Indians, in alliance with the English forces, were
t
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258 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Ukiyourough, Ammoloyonker, Kealkirustkee, Telletchee, Chu-
noyounkkee, Sachems and Warriors of the great and powerful
Nation of the Cherokee Indians, laying nothing more to Heart,
than by new Ties, to strengthen the good Correspondence estab-
lished between the Subjects of the King of Great- Britain, resid-
ing in North-America, and their Brothers and faithful Allies the
Cherokees, and to prevent by Measures taken in Time, the
Accidents that may excite a War, or cause a Disunion : The
Honorable Peter Randolph, Esquire; one of His Majesty's Coun-
cil, Lieutenant of the County of Henrico, and Surveyor-General
of His Majesty's Customs, and the Honorable William Byrd,
Esquire, one of His Majesty's Council, and Lieutenant of the
County of Lunenburg, on the Part and Behalf of the said Robert
Dinwiddie, Esquire, and the said Colony of Virginia, and the
said Ammoscosettee, Emperor, and Otterle-Culloughculla, Coun-
nerculogo, Onconago, Wullonowa, Occonistoto, Chuchu, Uki-
you rough, Ammotoyoukee, Kealkirustkee, Telletchee, Chuno-
younkkee, Sachems and Warriors on the Part and Behalf of the
Cherokee Nation, having full Power, do treat, accord, and con-
clude the following Articles.
L That the ancient Alliance be renewed, and the old Chain,
brightened between the English and Cherokees.
II, That if the French King shall at any Time wage War
against the King of England, the Cherokees shall wage War
with all their Power against the French King, and all his Allies.
III. That Virginia shall assist in contributing their Proportion
towards the building a strong Fort,* in such Part of the Cherokee
to attack the Southern States. This attack was everywhere defeated,
and Oconostota was dethroned by his own people. He was living as
late as 1809, a drunken vagabond, who would wail for hours over his
departed greatness.
♦Immediately after the passage of the resolution of the Assembly
Governor Dinwiddie took active measures to have the fort built. On
April 24, 1756, he sent Major Andrew Lewis instructions to enlist 60
men, including as many who could use saw and ax as possible, to
purchase 100 beeves to drive along with his party for food, and to pro-
ceed with all possible expedition to Chotte (Choto) in the Cherokee
country. On his arrival he was to call a meeting of the chiefs and
consult them as to the best place for the fort and also to obtain from
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jTHE INDIAN TREATY OF 1756. 259
Country as the Sachems and Warriors of that Nation shall direct,
for their Protection.
IV. That as soon as the said Fort shall be built, the Cherokees
shall within Forty Days Notice, march into Virginia, Four Hun-
dred able Warriors to such Fort or Place, as the Governor of that
them a number of young men to assist as laborers. Whpn the fort was
finihhed he was, if it should be thought proper, to have some cannon
mounted on it, and leave a garrison. The Governor expected assist-
ance from South Carolina, but none was received.
Lewis carried out his instructions promptly, and after consultation
with the Cherokees, built a fort on the south side of the Tennessee
river, about thirty miles above the site of Knoxville, which he
named Fort Loudon, in honor of the English commander-in-chief in
North America. There was already another Fort Loudon at Winches-
ter. The fort among the Cherokees was considered to be one hundred
miles from the nearest white settlement.
By September 20, 1756, most of the force under Lewis had returned •
under the command of his subordinate, Captain Samuel Overton ; but
Major Lewis remained behind to bring in the expected quota of
Cherokee warriors. By August 26, however, the Governor had heard
of the completion of the fort, and wrote on that date that it had been
built by Virginia entirely to the satisfaction of the Cherokees and
without the least assistance from South Carolina. {Dinwiddie Papers^
II, 490.)
Major Lewis had to return without the expected aid, and though
the Virginia Assembly voted ^2,000 for a garrison of 50 men to be
placed in Fort Loudon on the Tennessee, it is not certain that the fort
was ever garrisoned by Virginians. A little later the Earl of Loudon
placed in it two hundred English troops under Captains Demere and
Stuart. The number of settlers around Fort Loudon increased and by
1760 there was a considerable village there. When war between the
Cherokees and the whites began the Indians invested Fort Loudon,
which from its remote situation was in great danger. The govern-
ment of Virginia sent out a force of six hundred men under Col.
William Byrd to relieve the fort ; but he was greatly hampered by lack
of supplies, and for this and other unknown reasons, his advance was
very slow. On reaching the Long Island of Holston he built a fort and
spent here the winter of 1760, and though while here he was joined by
five hundred North Carolinians under Col. Hugh Waddell, no vigorous
effort seems to have been made to relieve Fort Loudon. At last
reduced to starvation the fort surrendered, the Indians engaging to
allow the garrison to go, unmolested, to Fort Prince George. On the
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260 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Place shall order or appoint, to be employed in the Service of
the said Colony as Soldiers, in defending the Inhabitants thereof
against the Encroachments of the Frtnch and Indians in their
Alliance. *
first night, however, after the English troops had left the fort they were
attacked by the Indians and almost to a man were killed or captured.
This was the bloody end of Fort Loudon. (See Dinwiddie Papers, II,
389. 39 ». 393. 403, 433, 445. 485, 486, 493, 509, 533, 537, 539, and
Summers*s History of Southwest Virginia, citing Haywood, 68 75.)
*The armed assistance of the Souihern Indians, for which Governor
Dinwiddie struggled so hard, was probably on the whole of but little
real benefit, and in the -end resulted in the bloody outbreak of the
Cherokees. In August, 1756, the Governor was expecting that Lewis
would bring in at least 150 Cherokee warriors, and a little later it was
thought that 400 would come ; but agents of the French Indians
went to the tribe, and for a lime their allegiance to the English was so
much shaken that when Maior Lewis returned but seven men came
with him. The Governor was very indignant at the ill-fnith of his Indian
allies, but on November sent another messenger with letters to various
chiefs, especially to Outacite " the Man Killer," who had shown himself
very friendly to Lewis. {Dinwiddie Papers, II, 348, 349, 353 )
In the spring of 1757, the vacillating Indians again determined to
assist the English, and before April 6th, 300 Cherokees, Catawbas,
Tuscaroras and Nottoways were in Virginia. In May it is stated that
they numbered 400 warriors. They went northward towards Win-
chester by way of Bedford C. H., and on their way committed many
outrages. The Governor mentions that they ravished one person, and
scalped a Chickasaw in the yard of Col. Clement Read of Lunenburg
county. He thanked Col. Read for quieting the people's resentment
and took steps to prevent further violence on the part of the Indians.
When the Indians reached Winchester the Governor directed that
theyshouM go with parties of the English " a scalping.'* **A barba-
rous method of war," says Dinwiddie, ''introduced by the French,
which we are obliged to follow in our own Defence."
They were very fickle and uncertain in their movements. In June a
party of 30 Cherokees under Outacite, instead of going to Winchester,
as was desired, came down to Williamsburg, and had to receive many
presents before they could be induced to go to the front. In the same
month 220 Catawbas, Tuscaroras and Nottoways, who had been in
service but a short time, returned home, coming by Williamsburg on
their way. They left 180 Cherokees still with the Virginia forces
(Dinwiddie /^/^rj. II, 6^5, 609, 641, etc ), and these, who may have
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF 1756. 261
V. That if the French shall at any Time, directly or indirectly
make use of any Means, either by coming into the Nation them-
selves, or sending their Indians with Belts of Wampum, or by
any other Way whatsoever, endeavour to prevail on the Chero-
kees to infringe this Treaty, the Cherokees shall forthwith dis-
patch a Messenger, in whom they can confide, to the Governor of
Virginia, to acquaint him with the same, and the particular
Measures so taken.
VI. That if the Cherokees at any Time shall know, or be in-
formed of, any Schemes that the French or their Indians may
plan, to the Prejudice of the English, they shall give immediate
Intelligence thereof to the Governor of Virginia.
VII. That the Warriors which shall be employed in the Ser-
vice of the English, in the Colony of Virginia, be found and
provided at the Expence of that Colony, with all necessary
Cloaths, Victuals, Arms and Ammunition.
VIII. That neither the Cherokees nor Virginians, shall protect
the disobedient Subjects of the other, or entertain Rebels, Trai-
tors or Fugitives, but within Twenty Days after due Requisition
made, shall deliver them up.
IX. That the Cherokees shall not suffer or permit the
French to build any Fort or Fortification, on any of their Lands
on the Waters of the Mississippi or elsewhere, that may annoy
the English, if in their Power to prevent it
X. That if any Subject belonging to the King of Great- Britain,
rc-siding in ^'irginia, or any Cherokee belonging to the Cherokee
Nation, shall ofliend against this Treaty, they shall be punished,
' without the Treaty being any Way therefore infringed,.
Done and signed at Broad- River, in the Province of North-
been reinforced later, took part in Forbes's capture of Fort Duquesne in
1759, and were soon afterward dismissed and returned home. On their
way they committed various outrages on the frontier inhabitants,
who retaliated by killing tw<flveor fourteen of them and taking others
prisoners. This aroused the deep resentment of the Cherokees, who
immediately took up arms against the settlers all along the southern
border. Their capture of Fort Loudon has been told.
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262 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Carolina, this Seventeenth Day of March, in the XXIXth Year
of His Majesty's Reign, Anno. Dom. 1756.
Peter Randolph [L. S.
William Byrd [L. S.
Ammoscosette, (mark) [L. S.
Chuchu, (mark) [L. S.
Otterle-Culloughculla, (mark) [L. S.
Counnerculogo, (mark) [L. S.
Oncohago, (mark) [L. S.
Wullonowa, (mark) [L. S.
Occonistoto, (mark) [L. S.
Ukiyourough, (mark) [L. S.
Ammotoyouker, (mark) [L. S.
Kealkirustkee, (mark) [L. S.
Telletche'e, (mark) [L. S.
Chunoyounkkee, (mark) [L. S.
His Honor the Governor was pleased the 12th of April. 1756.
to send the following Message to the
House of Burgesses. .
Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the House of Burgesses,
** I have thought it proper to communicate to your House, my
Commission and Instructions to Peter Randolph and William
Byrd, Esquires, appointed Commissioners, to treat on Behalf of
this Government with the Catawbas and Cherokees, with my
Letter to those Gentlemen, containing some Observations which I
judge might be of Service in their Negociations with those People,
and my two Speeches to the Catawbas and Cherokees. And to
give you all the Satisfaction I am at present capable of, I send you
the joint Letter of the Commissioners to me, dated the 17th of
last Month. The Treaty I have not yet received, nor expect it
before their Return.
The said Letter from the Commissioners signified they had
that Day concluded their Business with the Cherokees, who
would by no Means consent to part with any of their Warriors
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THE INDIAN TREATY OF I756. 263
*til they had a Fort built, for the Protection of their Women and
Children in their Absence, but engaged as soon as it was com-
pleated to send Four Hundred of their Warriors to our Assis-
tance. That their Sachems would engage for no more, but at
the same Time assured them, they might probably send at least
a Thousand which there was little Reason to doubt of, as they
appear to have particular Regard for Virginia. That it was the
Opinion of Mr. Smith, who is well acquainted with their Situa-
tion, that if we should neglect to build the Fort this Summer,
they will be under a Necessity of joining the French ; wherefore,
they (the Commissioners) had stipulated and promised in Behalf
of this Colony, that a Fort should be actually erected in the
Cherokee Country with all possible Expedition.
Upon this the House of Burgesses came to the following
Resolutions, viz.
Resolved, That a Fort be erected in the Country of the Cher-
okees.
Resolved, That an humble Address be made to the Governor
to desire that his Honor will be pleased to pay for erecting the
said Fort out of the money, which His Majesty was pleased to
send to him for the Use of this Colony now remaining in his
Hands.
To which the Governor sent the following Answer.
Mr. Speaker, and Gentleman of the House of Burgesses,
**In Answer to your Resolve, I am to acquaint you, That
since the Conversation between your Committee and myself,
concerning the Application of the Ballance remaining in my
Hands of the Money His Majesty was graciously pleased to send
for the Protection of the Colony, I have disbursed several large
Sums in the Purchase of Beeves, and other Necessaries for the
Forces; however, I will engage to furnish Eight Hundred
Pounds towards that necessary Work, the erecting a Fort you
have resolved on in the Cherokee Country. But I should be
glad you would appoint some proper Pesrons tJ make an Esti-
mate of the Expence of the Undertaking, that a suitable Pro-
vision may be made to go on with the Work with Dispatch and
Regularity.
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264 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The House of Burgesses after that Message, came to the
following Resolution.
Resolved, That an humble Address be made to the Governor,
to desire that his Honor will be pleased to appoint Major Andrew
Lewis,* and Captain Samuel Overton f to manage and overlook
the Building a Fort in the Cherokee Country, and to Assure
his Honor that this House will make good any Deficiency that
the Sum his Honor has been pleased to say he would pay to-
wards erecting the said Fort, shall fall short, so as the same do
not exceed Two Thousand Pounds in the whole.
To which his Honor answered, *'He was well satisfied with
the Resolution of their House, and should appoint Major Lewis,
to oversee the Construction of the said Fort."
And in Consequence thereof, the Governor was pleased to
order Major Lewis, to march immediately with Sixty Men, Tools,
Utensils, and Provisions to Choto, in the Cherokee Country,
for that Service.
FINIS.
Correction.— The date 1775 in the note on page 236 of ihis Maga-
zine should be 1755.
*For Andrew Lewis, one of the most distinguished Virginians of
his lime, and accounts of the Lewis family, see Peyton's History of
Augusta County ; VVaddell's Annals of Augusta County ; Withers's
Chronictes of Border Warfare, Thwaite's edition; Summers's History
of Southwest Virginia ; The West Virginia Historical Magazine, II,
19; IV, 81, 94, 109, 116, 136, 142.
t Captain Samuel Overton, of Hanover county, was an active and
efficient officer throughout ihe French and Indian War. It was in
connection with a sermon preached August 17, 1755, before his company
of Hanover volunteers, sai<i to have been the first raised in Virginia
after Braddock's defeat, that Kev. Samuel Davies made the famous
reference to Washington. It is shown by various papers among the
Virginia French and Indian War land bounty vouchers, that he com-
manded a company of rangers in 1755 and 1756, and he appears to have
later been a captain of Virginia regulars.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 265
THE VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM
PARISH, VA., 1707-1750.
(continued)
January 21, 1743. The vestry assembled: Present GuiHeaume
Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Etiene Malet, Andre Amonnet, Jean
Pierre Bilbo, David Lesueur, Jean Vilain, Daniel Pero. The
vestry made the allotment in tobacco for discharging the ex-
penses of the parish of King William. For the Reverend
Monsieur Gavain, twelve pounds in money, amounting to 1997
lbs. of tobacco ; for the Clerk, eight months' arrears, 666 lbs.,
and for a year's salary, 1,000 lbs.; for the sexton, 250 lbs.,
and for the coclecte (collecteV^ 234 lbs. The church war-
dens shall levy eighteen pounds of tobacco per tithable, the
whole amounting to four thousand one hundred and forty-
seven pounds.
Jean Jacques Dupuy,**
GuiLLAUME Salle,
EsTiNNE Mallet,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Vileain,
Daniel Perro,
David Le Sueur,
The same day David Lesueur and Jean Chastain settled their
note, which they owe to the parish, and they are quit for the
year 1740.
GuiLLAUME Salle,"
Jean Jaque Dupuy, .
EsTiENNE Mallet,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Vilain,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
Daniel Pereaud.
The year of the clerk commences Christmas, 1743.
Jean Chastain.
••A collection for the poor of the parish is probably meant.
"•Signatures personal. ^rsignatures personal.
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266 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
October i, 1744. The vestry assembled. Present: Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Andre Amonnet, David Lesueur, Pierre Gueran,
Jean Levilain, Jean Bernar, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Faure.
The vestry appointed Jean Jaque Dupuy and Jean Levilian to
go to Wmbourg to bear a petition to the Governor and to the
Council to maintain our parish.
Jean Chastain.
November 17, 1744. The vestry assembled. Present: Jean
Jaque Dupuy, Guilieaume Salle, David Lesueur, Jeai^ Levilian,
Jean Pierre Bilbo, Daniel Perro, Jacob Trabu, took the oath
and the test of vestryman for the parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
January 19, 1744I5. Pierre David took the oath of vestry-
man for the parish of King William, in the presence of the
vestry named below: Jean Jaque Dupuy, Guilieaume Salle,
David Lesueur, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Jacob Trabu, Pierre Gue-
ran, Jean Villain, Andre Amonnet, Daniel Perro.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Daniel Perro and Jean Chastain were named
Church Wardens by the vestry present for the present year,
and took the usual oath.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the Sieurs Jean Jaque Dupuy and Guilieaume
Salle rendered account of their administration for the year,
1744. They are quit of all.
Jean Chastain.
Daniel Pero,**
Jacob Trabue,
Peter David,
Andre Amonnet,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
Pierre Guerrant,
Jean Vilean,
David Lesueur.
"Signatures personal.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 267
The same day, January 19, 1744IS. The levy for the present
year was made. The levy amounts to fifteen pounds of tobacco
per head, viz : one thousand pounds for a minister, one thou-
sand for the clerk, two hundred and fifty for the sexton, for the
poor, six hundred, for the expenses of the parish, two hundred
and fifty, amounting to 3,500.
Jean Chastain.
Novmber 2, 1745. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Andre Amonnet, Guiliaume Salle, Pierre Gueran,
Daniel Pero, Pierre David, Jean Pierre Bilbo. The vestrymen
took the oath prescribed by the canon law in the usual manner.
The same day Andre Amonnet and Pierre David took the
oath of church wardens.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Daniel Perro and Jean Chastain rendered
their account for their administration for the year 1744.
They owe two hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco.
Jean Chastain^
Church Wardens.
Peter David,^**
Andre Amonnet,
David Le Sueur,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
Pierre Guerrant,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
Daniel Perot.
November 2, 1745. The vestry having assembled, the assess-
ment was made, amounting to sixteen pounds of tobacco per
head. The whole amounts to 3,840.
Jean Chastain.
Andre Amonnet, f ^-t « -,ir j
Peter David. \ Churchwardens.
GiLLAUME Salle,'®
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
David Le Sueur,
Daniel Perot.
"Signatures personal. "^Signatures personal.
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Church Wardens.
268 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
April I, 1746. The vestry assembled according t^ the cus-
tom prescribed by law.**
Jean Chastain.
Andre Amonnet,^^ )
Peter David. j
David Le Sueur,
Jacob Trabue,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
Pierre Guerrant,
December i, 1746. The vestry assembled. Present: Andre
Amonnet, Pierre David, David Lesueur, Guilaume Salle, Jacob
Trabu, Daniel Perro, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Guerran, Jean
Chastain.
The same day Pierre Gueran and David Lesueur were
named as church wardens for the present year, 1746, in the
presence of the vestrymen above mentioned, and they took the
oath prescribed by law.
December i, 1746. Andre Amonnet and Pierre David ren-
dered their account of their administration for the year 1745,
in the presence of the vestrymen named above. They owe
eighty-two pounds of tobacco, payable to the church wardens
of the present year.
The same day, by order of the vestry named above, the glebe
will be let from the creek to the highroad on the river, under
such conditions as the church wardens shall find proper.
The same day Andre Amonnet asked his discharge, and it .
was granted him.
Pierre Guerrant/' ) ^^ l Txr j
David Le Sueur, } ^^'''''^ Wardens.
Daniel Perot,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
Jacob Trabu,
Jean Chastain.
•*No business seems to have been transacted.
•"Signatures personal. "Signatures personal.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 269
March 7, 1746I7. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Pierre Gueran, Guilieaume Salle, Jean Jaque Dupuy,
Jacob Trabu, Daniel Perro, Jean Pierre Bilbo. Isaac Dutoy
took the oath of vestryman for the parish of King William.
Jean Chastain.
The same day it was agreed that the service shall be half in
English and half in French.
Jean Chastain.
March 7, 1746I7. Daniel Pero and Jean Chastain settled
their account for two hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco,
which they owed on their administration of the year 1745.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the levy was made for the present year,
1746I7, of sixteen pounds of tobacco per head ; viz. :
For the minister i ,000
For the clerk .1,000
For the sexton 150
John Chendler, for the poor girl 150
For Jaque Brian, for burying a poor man 150
For Samuel Wever, for Judith Lahane 50
For Monfor, poor (man) 200
For Mr. Gueret, pauper 300
For a Bible for the church 400
David Le Sueur, ) ^, 1 ^ir t
Pierre GuERRANT. / Churchwardens.
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
GuiLLAUME Salle,
John J. Dupuy,
Jacob Trabue,
Daniel Pero,
Isaac Dutoy.
3400
Jean Chastain.
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270 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
June 24, 1747. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Pierre Gueran, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Daniel Perro,
Jean Pierre Bilbo, Guilieaume Salle, Isaac Dutoy, Jacob Trabu.
The vestry appointed Pierre David and Charle Amonnet to
run the lines from the creek below to the county line; and
between the two creeks, Benjamin Haris and Isaac Dutoy for
the first five thousand acres ; and from the creek above to the
line above, Wm. Harris and James Holman ; from the road of
Frenc Jamse to Etiene Malet, Jean Jaque Dupuy and Etiene
Malet ; and from the creek to the road of Frenc Jamse as far
as the branch of Dutoy, and from the branch of Dutoy to the
creek below, Jean Panetie and Pierre Depe, and from the creek
above to the road of Frenc Jamse up to the branch of Dutoy.**
Jean Chastain.
Pierre David and Charle Amonnet, the first Monday of No-
vember ;
Benjamin Haris and Isaac Dutoy, the second Monday;
Wm. Haris and Jamse Holman, the third Monday ;
Thomas Smith and Jean Bonduran, the fourth Monday ;
J. Jamse Dupuy, Steve Malet, the first Monday of Decem-
ber;
Jean Panetie and Pierre Dep, the second Monday.
February 6, I747|8. The vestry assembled. Present: David
Lesueur, Pierre Guerand, Jean Jaque Dupuy, Jean Pierre
Bilbo, Isaac Dutoy, Estiene Malet. Abraham Salle took the
oath of church warden of the church of the parish of King
William, and took the oath of loyalty and signed the test.
Jean Jaque Dupuy and Estiene Malet took the oath of loyalty
and took the test.
Estiene Malet,
John James Dupuy,
Abraham Salle.
"The passage is altogether innocent of punctuation, and consequently
far from c'ear. It is evident that this is another of the * * procession-
ings," the last mentioned in the Register.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 271
The same day Jacob Trabu received his discharge, as he is
no longer willing to conform to the canon of the Anglican
church, and he is no longer vestryman of the parish of King
William."
The same day Mr. Jean Harris took the oath of loyalty and
took the test. The same day he took the oath as vestryman
of the church of the parish of King William and signed the
test.
John Harris.
The same day Isaac Dutoy and Estiene Malet took the oath
of church wardens of the parish of King William for the pres-
ent year.
Jean Chastain,
EsTiENNE Malet,
Isaac Dutoy.
February 13, 1747I8. The vestry assembled. Present: Isaac
Dutoy, Pierre Gueran, David Lesueur, Daniel Perro, John
Harris, Jean Pierre Bilbo. Samuel Florinoir took the oath of
loyalty and signed the test.
Samuel Flournoy.
The same day Samuel Florinoir took the oath of vestryman
of the parish of King William in the presence of the vestry
above named.
The vestry made an agreement with Samuel Wever to ser^e
as sexton at two hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco per year,
commencing February 13, 1747I8.
The vestry assembled February 24, 1747. Present: Isaac
Dutoy, Estiene Mallet, David Lesueur, Pierre Guerand, Guil-
lieaume Salle, Daniel Perro, Samuel Florinoir. The church
wardens, David Lesueur and Pierre Gueran, rendered account
of their administration for the year 1746. They are quit of all
"The only mention of doctrinal defection on the part of a member
of the parish, if, indeed, we may assign Trabue's defection to this cause.
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272 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
that they have received, both as regards what was levied and
what was g^ven into their hands during the said year.
Jean Chastain.
Isaac Dutoy,
Stephen Mallet.
Church Wardens.
The same day the levy was made for the parish of King
William. It amounts to twenty-five pounds of tobacco per
head, viz.:
For the minister i,6oo
For the clerk * i,ooo
For the sexton 250
For Monfor3« 300
For Judith I^hon^^ 1,000
.For Sarah Chandler,^^ for arrears 500
For Sarah Chandler to the month of October 1,200
For Mary Goin,^° for one week lOO
5,950
The tithables of Gooch'" ; 205
The tithables of Enrico 42
247
The church wardens have in their hands 718 lbs. of tobacco,
carried over from the -year 1746.
Jean Chastain.
David Le Sueur. Stephen Mallet^
Samuel Flournoy, Isaac Dutoy.
GuiLLAUME Salle, Church Wardens.
Pierre Guerrant.
March 10, 1747. The vestry assembled. Present: Isaac
Dutoy, Estiene Mallet, John Harris, David Lesueur, Guilie-
"A pauper, of. entry of March 7, 1746-7.
"Probably for maintaining the poor of the parish, or herself a pauper
"Goochland, Henrico.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH.
273
aume Salle, Jean Pierre Bilbo, Pierre Gueran. The vestry
assembled to receive the returns of the processioners named
below: Isaac Dutoy, Benjamin Harris, Estienne Mallet, Jean
Jaque Dupuy, \Vm. Harris and James Holeman, Pierre David
and Charles Amonnet.
Jean Chastain.
Isaac Dutoy,
Stephen Mallet.
Church Wardens.
John Harris,
David Le Sueur,
Pierre Guerrant,
Jean Pierre Bilbo,
GuiLLiAUME Salle.
November lo, 1748. Samuel Florinoir and Abraham Salle
took the oath of church wardens in the presence of the vestry-
men named below : Isaac Dutoy, Estiene Mallet, Pierre Gueran,
Daniel Perrg.
Abram. Salle,
Saml. Flournoy.
Church Wardens.
Stephen Mallet,
Isaac Dutoy,
Peter Guerrant,
Daniel Paro,
John Chastain.
The same day the lev}' was made for the present year,
amounting to twenty pounds of tobacco per head, viz. :
For the minister, one thousand, three ( ?) hundred.
For the clerk, one thousand.
For Benton, one thousand for Sara Chandler.
For Peter Dep, one hundred and sixty pounds.
For the sexton, two hundred and fifty pounds.
For arrears, two hundred and sixteen pounds for Isaac
Dutoy.
The number of parishoners amounts to 250.
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274 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The same day the above-mentioned Isaac Dutoy and Estiene
Mallet rendered their account for their administration for the
year 1747, in the presence of the vestrymen.
Abram. Salle,
Samuel Flournoy.
••I promise to pay unto the Church Wardens of King Wil-
liam parish four pounds, two shill, and two pence, current
mony, for value reed, of the parish.
Wittnis my hand this loth day of Dec, 1748.
Stephen Mallet.
Pierre Depp has taken Monfor for another year for one
hundred and sixty pounds of tobacco, commencing February
24, 1749.
Jean Chastain.
Isaac Dutoy has made a bargain with Wm. Banton for Sar i
Chandler at 1,000 lb. of tobacco for a year, commencing No-
vember I, 1748.
Jean Chastain.
Abraham Salle and Samuel Florinoir put Elizabeth Rober
out of the parish November 21.*
Jean Chastain.
*®The vestry assembled. Present : Abraham
'•The original of the receipt is in English, a proof of the growing
disuse of F'rench among the parishoners. Clerk Chastain's P'rench is
ragged enough, and Mr. Mallet, although a vestryman and a man of
dignity in the parish, no longer ventures to write the tongue of his fathers.
* Some light is thrown on this drastic action of the church wardens by
the following entry in the Register of Baptisms in King William Parish;
Brock, p. 10 1 :
**The 14th June, 1741, was born Jesse, reputed son of John Harris and
of Elizabef Roberd; had for godfather, John Bemar and Jean Chastain;
for godmother, Charlote Judith Chastain."
^The date is obliterated from the top of the page. Possibly it is
December 9, 1749, certainly some time in that year.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 275
Salle, Samuel Florinoir, Estene Malet, Jean Chastain. Joseph
Bonduran, Jean Bonduran, Jean Chastain j. took the oath of
vestrymen for the parish of King William.
John Bondurant,
Joseph Bondurant,
John Chastain, Jun."
The same day Joseph Bondurant and Jean Chastain took
the oath of church wardens for the present year.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the church wardens, Samuel Florinoir and
Abraham Salle, rendered their account. They owe 281 lbs. of
tobacco, for which they have given their note.
Jean Chastain.
The same day the levy for the present year, 1749, was made.
It amounts to 16 lbs. of tobacco per tithable.
Jean Chastain.
1,600 for the minister.
1,000 for the clerk.
1,000 for Sara Chendler.
300 for Sara Lahene.
150 for Peru.
250 for the sexton.
4,300
I
February 3, 1749I50. The vestry assembled. Present:
Samuel Florinoir, Guillicaume Salle, Es'iiene Mallet, Isaac
Dutoy, David Lesueur, Daniel Perro, Jean Chastain. ' Jean
*'The following quaint memorandum is pinned over the foregoing entry:
'* Rec'd of the Church Wardens of King William Parish £^ s. 4 for the
Church Bible for the Yous of John Harris.
December 9, 1749. Sam'l Floumoy. "
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276 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Bonduran, Joseph Bonduran, Jean Chastain took the oath of
vestrymen for the parish of King William and took the test.
Jean Chastain and Joseph Bonduran took the oath of church
wardens for the present year.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Estiene Mallet settled his note, which was
due for four pounds, two shillings, two pence.
The same day the levy for the present year was made of
sixteen pounds of tobacco per head, viz. :
For the minister i,6oo
For Sara Chandler i,ooo
For the clerk i,ooo
For the poor 300
For Peru 150
For the sexton 250
4,300
By note inspetcur {?) 140
By the note of the church wardens for the year 1749 281
The number of tithables for the year 1749 266
*^The proceedings of December 9 are cancelled. The vestry
agreed that the service is to be two-thirds in English.
Jean Chastain.
Joseph Bondurant,
John Chastain.
Church Wardens.
William Salle,
David Le Sueur,
Stephen Mallet,
John Bondurant,
Daniel Paro,
Isaac Dutoy,
Samuel Flournoy.
♦n'he entry referred to is not recorded in this Register. The conces-
sion to the everincreasing number of English-speaking parishioners is
apparent.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 277
December 28, 1750. This day Captain Porter and Charles
Clarck took the oath of vestrymen for the parish of King Wil-
liam in the presence of Joseph Bondurant, Jean Chastain, Isaac
Dutoy, David Lesueur, Samuel Floumoir, Jean Bonduran,
Daniel Perro.
Jean Chastain.
The same day Charle Clarck and Jean Bonduran took the
oath of church wardens and took the test, in the presence of
the vestrymen named above.
Jean Chastain.
Joseph Bonduran and Jean Chastain rendered their account
of their administration for the year 1749. They owe 86 lbs.
of tobacco.
The same day the levy was made for the present year. It
amounts to twenty-two pounds of tobacco per head, viz.:
For the minister, two thousand, four hundred.
For the clerk, one thousand pounds.
For Sara Chandler, one thousand pounds.
For the sexton, two hundred and fifty pounds.
For Sara Ocquebe, three hundred pounds.
For repairing the church, five hundred and eighty-four.
Chas. Clerke^
John Bondurant.
Church Wardens.
John Chastain,
David Le Sueur,
Saml. Flournoy,
Jos. Bondurant,
Isaac Dutoy,
Thos. Porter,
Jean Chastain, Junior,
Daniel Perrow.
Daniel Pero asked his discharge and the vestry granted his
request.
Jean Chastain.
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278 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
*»List of land which each holds in the parish of King Wil-
liam and adjacent thereto :
Tobit la Fitt, acres I33
Estiene Bocard 093
Mathieux Agee 220
Pierre Louy Soblet 133
Pierre Faure 107
Estiene Reynaud 133
Charle Perot 133
Antoine Rapine . . . .^ 122
Estiene Malet 123
Danielle Meban, Jatob Capon 046
Tobit la Fitt 075
Nicolas Soullie I33
Pierre Soblet 089
Anthoine Maton 165
Jean Jouanis 840
Madame Timson 168
Pierre David, jun ..." 066
Jean Farcis, 040
Estien Chastain 981
Pierre Dutoy 461
Jean Pierre Bilbo 162
Isaac Parenteaux 044
Jacob Capon 034
Danielle Guerand 059
Glaud Goris 050
Pierre Chastain 65.
Gedeon Chan
Pierre Dep 076
Pierre Sabatiee 088
"This list is on the last remaining leaf in the book. It bears no date,
but its date may be approximately deduced as follows: Anthoine Trabue,
whose name appears in the list, died January, 1723-4 (Brock, p. iii),
thus affording a terminus ad quern for the list. The hand-writing appears
to be that of Jacques Soblet, whose clerkship begins in 1722. It is pro-
bable therefore that the list belongs to 1722 or the preceding year.
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VESTRY BOOK OF KING WILLIAM PARISH. 279
Bartelmis Dupuy 208
Pierre Dupuy 068
Anthoine Givodan 128
Jacob Amonet 274
Pierre David, signor 088
Jean Chastain ' 090
Abraham Soblet 088
Jean le Vilin 200
Francois Fleurinoy 133
Danielle Croom 052
Jean le Grand 051
Anthoine Trabue 268
Abraham Sallee 477
Jhon Levingston 170
Jean Martin 1200
Jean Pierre Perut 122
Jean Forquerent 170
Moyse Levereaux 117
Adam Vigne 025
Elisabeth Sasine 172
Jean Spulaigre 275
Sum total of land 490
**List of the lands which each inhabitant of the parish of
King William owned in the year 1727I8:
Pierre Chastain 1063
Gedeon Chanbon 0033
Glaude Gori 0050
Pierre Dep 0076
Daniel Guerand oo59
Joseph Bingley 0047
Tobie Lafite 0208
. Jean Pierre Billebo 0044
**The list is on a loose sheet torn from the back of the Register. On
the establishment of the parish in 1 700-1 each family was allowed 133
acres, cf. Calendar of State Papers of Virginia, I, 189, quoted by Brock,
page 68. In a majority of cases the amount of land held seems to have
been reduced or increased by purchase in the decades following.
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280 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Estiene Chastain 0909
Barbary Dutoy 0061
Estiene Malet 0125
Jacob Capon 0047
Susane Kerner ^^77
Nicolas Soulie oi33
Antoine Rapine 01 33
M. Joannis (figures erased) 0909
Rager Prat 0133
Pierre Faure 0107
Pierre Champagne 0090
Louis Soblet 0133
Matieu Age 021 1
Pierre Bocar 0091
Daniel Pero 0133
Pierre Calvet * 0444
Pierre Soblet 0088
Pierre David, s 0088
Jaque Soblet 0088
Pierre David, j 0066
Jean Legrand 0050
Jorge Merhbenc 0402
Pierre Sabatie oo83
Jacob Amonet 0270
Jean Chastain 00.0
Jean Levilain 0200
Thomas Givodan 0128
Isaac Salle oo55
Guilaume Salle OQ57
M. Timson 0168
M. Tillitt 0582
Antoine Trabu 0186
Jean Pierre Bilbo 01 19
M. . . Alaigre 0180
M. Amonet 0182
Daniel Faure 0296
. . . . d Moriset oi.^O
Jean Loucadou 0103
Daniel Guerand 0133
Ed wd. Bryers 0092
Elie Sasain 0104
(concluded, )
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 281
THE EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF
VIRGINIA, 1722-1734.
As Shown by the Proceedings of the Colonial Council.
Edited and Annotated by Charles E. Kemper, Washington, D. C.
(continued.)
June 7, 1732.
On reading at the Board a Letter from the Right Hon** the
Lords Commissioners for executing the Office of Ld. high
Treasurer of great Britain bearing date the 29th day of Fcb'^
last & directed to the Governor & Council directing them to
examine the Demand of Coll. Alexander Spotswood late Lieut.
Governor of this Dominion for the sum of six hundred pounds
for defraying the Charges he was at in a journey to treat with
the Indians at Albany & Conestogo* & to report to their L*
ships what may be just & reasonable to allow in Satisfacon for
the same — It is ordered that a Copy of their Lord ships said
L're be forthwith sent to Col" Spotswood & that he be desir'd
as soon as convenient may be to lay before this Board the Accot
of his Expenses & such Vouchers as he hath for proof thereof
to the End this Board may be the better enabled to make a
Suitable Report thereupon.
June 14, 1732.
Ordered that Mr. Drury Stith Surveyor ot the County of
Brunswickf Cause the line of the s** County to be run & mark'd
♦In April, 1721, Sir William Keith, Governor of Pennsylvania, visited
Governor Spotswood at Williamsburg, and while there filed with him a
memorial in reference to Indian affairs. {Minutes of the Provincial
Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. Ill, pp. 1 16-117.) No doubt this visit
was instrumental in bringing about the Albany Conference of 1722.
t Preceding orders and notes have shown that the territory embraced
in original Brunswick county developed more slowly than Spotsylvania.
The immigration which came to Virginiathrough the Capes naturally
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2S2 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
from that part of Bush river where he formerly left of to the
nearest place on Appomattox River as the Boundary between
that County & the County of Prince George,
went up the tidal streams, while the Scotch-Irish and Germans from
Pennsylvania followed the valleys between the Blue Ridge and Alle-
ghany Mountains in their migrations southward. The Roanoke Valley
enjoyed none of these advantages of location, and its fertile lands re-
mained vacant in large measure until nearly the middle of the eigh-
teenth century. Colonel William Byrd conceived the idea of settling a
colony of Swiss and other foreign Protestants on the Roanoke, and in
I735» obtained a Council order for 100,000 acres of land for that purpose.
( CaUndar of Virginia State Papers, Vol. I, p. 223. ) He also pub-
lished, in 1737, a German book entitled Neu-Ge/undnes Eden in Vir»
ginia [New-Found Eden in Virginia], which describes the advantages
of soil and climate enjoyed by the section, in question. {Virginia
Magazine, Vol. XI, p. 381, note.) His enterprise was not successful,
and this portion of Virginia was left to develop gradually as the count-
ies on the east became more thickly settled. It was a frontier line, which
receded gradually with the natural increase of population in southeast-
ern Virginia. Its early annals are devoid of special interest. Fort
Christanna, and the Indian school established there by Governor Spots-
wood, passed out of existence when he retired from office. The Tus-
carora Indians, who fled into the Roanoke Valley after their defeat in
North Carohna, soon removed to New York, and the tributary Indians
who remained were so decayed in all respects that no serious troubles
ever occurred between them and the whites. The first settlers were
almost entirely of English descent, but later a considerable number of
Scotch-Irish Presbyterians came and settled principally in present Bed-
ford county. {Virginia Magazine, Vol. XII, pp. 417-421.) The set-
tlers in this section were chiefly small farmei^ and planners. Few great
estates, like those in Tidewater and the valleys of the James and Rap-
pahannock, were acquired, but the population was industrious, intelli-
gent and law-abiding. They were active in defense of the frontiers
during the French and Indian War. (Boogher, Gleanings of Virginia
History, Washington, 1903, pp. 58-110.) During the Revolution they
were highly patriotic under the leadership of Patrick Henry, who resided
then in territory once a part of old Brunswick county.
The boundaries of Brunswick were never defined with certainty by
the General Assembly, and the extent of its original territory can only
be determined by legislative acts establishing new counties. In 1734, a
portion of its territory lying north of the Nottoway river was cut off,
and, with a part of Prince George county, formed into the county of
Amelia. Lunenburg followed in 1745, and then came Halifax (1752);
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early westward movement of virginia. 283
June 15, 1732.
Joost Held* in behalf of himself & partners having entered
a Caveat to stop the granting a Patent to William Russell for
Land in the Western Side of the River Sherundo granted by
Order of this Board in June 1730, to John Vanmeter. It is
ordered that the pretencons of the Several parties be heard
before this Board on the second day of the next general Court
& in the Mocon of the s** Wm. Russell leave is granted him to
take Deposicons of witnesses in the province of West Jersey to
be made use of at the time of hearing he giving the said John
Vanmeter & Joost Heid timely notice when & where he will
take the Examinacon of the s* Witnesses.
June 16, 1732.
Coll*. Spotswood this day attended the Board & pursuant to
Prince Edward and Bedford (1753 ^ Mecklenburg and Charlotte (1764);
and Pittsylvania (1766). The organization of these counties from terri-
tory once a part of Brunswick, gradually carried the frontier line to the
Blue Ridge, beyond which the original county never extended. The
country west of the mountains fell within the imperial boundaries of
Augusta when what county was created in 1738.
♦This Order indicates that Jost Hite had probably reached the Valley
of Virginia with his family at the dale of its entry, and Kercheval's
statement that he came in the summer of 1732, seems to be confirmed.
(History of the Valley^ 2nd ed., 1850, p. 4f.) It is also evidence that
Hite's diflSculties concerning lands commenced immediately upon his
arrival in the Valley. Subsequent Orders show that his controversy
with William Russell was speedily settled in his favor, but the liti-
gation with Lord Fairfax, which begun in 1736, was not decided until
1786. {Revised Code of Virginia, 18 19, Vol. II, pp. 346-47-) The
decision was finally in favor of Hite and those claiming under him. In
this controversy the right of the case was undoubtedly with Hite.
While the lands in dispute unquestionably fell within the boundaries of
the Northern Neck as fixed by the commission of 1745, yet Lord Fair-
fax, in accepting the Rapidan as the southern boundary of his grant,
agreed that all crown grants made prior to that date should be con-
firmed. This agreement was not kept, and his litigation with Hite
served, in considerable measure, to arrest the development of the
lower Valley.
William Russell, mentioned in this Order, was, as a subsequent order
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284 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the Directions the Rt. hon** the 1/ Com'" of his Majesty's Treas-
ury delivered in the accot of his Disbursments on the Treaty
with the Northern Indians at Albany in the year 1722. He
also laid before the Board several Extracts of the Minutes of
Council Sc Assembly whereby he was requested to take the
Trouble of presiding in the Negotiacon of the s** Treaty & pro-
ducing some Vouchers to shew the greatness of the Expence
submitted to the Consideracon of this Board whether it was
possible to Keep a particular account of every sum disbursed
considering the Variety of the Expence Whereupon the Board
taking the same into consideracon & being Sensible that the
keeping regular Vouchers for every article expanded in that st- r-
vice was impracticable from the Nature of the Thing thought
fit to propose that Coll. Spotswood should make oath to what
he believes in his Conscience that Journey & Service cost over
& above the one Thousand pounds given by the Gen'. Assembly
and accordingly the said Coll. Spotswood made Oath that he
verily believed the expence of the s** Journey & Treaty at
Albany did not cost him less than the sixteen hundred Pounds
charged in his Accot The Governour <!fe Council came to the
following Resolution:
That inasmuch as it appears that the said Journey to Albany
will show, one of the earliest adveniurers in the Valley of Virginia.
He was a native of England and is said to have come over with Gov-
ernor Spotswood in 17 10. It is also staled that he accompanied the
Governor across the Blue Ridge in 1716, and 1 onsequently was a
*' Horse Shoe Knight." In 1722, he was a resident of King and Queen,
and in that \ear purchased land in Spotsylvania county. He died in
Culpeper county, October i8th, 1759, aged seventy-two years. (See
IVilliam Russell and )m Descendants^ Lexington, Ky., pp. 1-3 ; Spot-
sylvania County Records, New York, 1905. p. 93.) Colonel William
Russell of the Virginia line in the Revolution, was his eldest son, and
Russell county, Va.. was named for him.
The object in taking the depositions here mentioned is not under-
stood. Possibly Russell was trying to prove that Van Meter had not
brought the requisite number of families to settle upon the land con-
ditionally granted to him by Council Order of June 17th, 1730. As
shown in the last issue of the Magazine, the Van Meters came to Vir-
ginia from Salem, West Jersey, which town is now the county seat of
present Salem county, New Jersey.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 285
was undertaken by Coll. Spotsvvood at the joint Request of the
Council & House of Burgesses met in Assembly and that it is
generally acknowledged that his presence at the s* Treaty was of
Singular service for the establishing that Peace with the Indians
which ever since has kept the Frontiers of this Colony in quiet
it is highly reasonable his Expences on that Service should be
paid what appears to amount to six hundred pounds Virginia
Currency at that time fifteen P. Cent less in Value that Sterl.
But in regard he hath lain so long out of his Money & hath
been put to the trouble & expense of divers Journies to Solicit
the payment thereof first from the Gen' Assembly and after-
wards from this Board it is fit he should be repaid in Sterl. as
much as the S** Expences Amount to And whereas it also ap-
pears that during Coll. Spotswoods Absence on the service afs*
he was superseded in his Governm* by the Arrival of Coll.
Drysdale it seems unjust that he should serve this Governm* in
so important a Negotiacon at his own expence when the Com*^"
that attended him had a honourable allowance from the time of
their Departure till their return and therefore it seems reason-
able that Coll. Spotswood on whose Conduct the Success of
that Treaty chiefly depended should at least have double the
allowance given to the first Commissioners chosen out of his
Majesty's Council which was six & Twenty shillings P. Diem &
that a Report pursuant hereto be prepared to be signed by the
Gov"" & Council & transmitted to the Lords Commissioners of
the Treasury & to assure their Lorhships that if upon the whole -
They Shall be of opinion that Coll. Spotswood ought to be
paid out of his Majesty's revenues the s** Sum of six hundred
pounds the Ballance of his Disbursments together with the
aforemencon'd Gratificacons for his personal Trouble & Services
this Board will readily order the Paym^ thereof upon the first
significacon of their Lordships Pleasure.
July I, 1732.
A Report to the Lords of the Treasury in return to Coll.
Spotswoods Services & Disbursments being prepared pursuant
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286 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
to the Resolucon of the Board of the i6*^ of last month was this
day Sign'd by the Governour in Council.
Oct. 20, 1732.
Whereas upon the Complaint of the Saponie* Islands IStC;
but evidently Indians is meant] the great Men of the Nottoways
were ordered to attend here to justifie themselves & their
Nacon of the murder of some of the Saponie Nacon with which
they are charged & have neglected to appear, It is Ordered
that the Comanding officer of the Militia of the County of
Surry do forthwith cause the s^. Nottoway Great Men to be
seiz'd & brought under a guard to Williamsburgh in order to
their Exam* con.
Oct. 27, 1732.
On hearing this day at the Board the matter in dispute on the
Caveat of Joost Heyd Assignee of John & Isaac Van meter t
for stopping a Patent sued out by W". Russell for land on
Sherundo River, It is ordered that the s*. Joost Heyd have a
Grant of all that Tract of Land included in the Entries of John
& Isaac Van meter which lyes on the lower side of the first
♦ It has been shown in the course of these notes that the Saponi In-
dians were driven from their original home on the Yadkin River in North
Carolina by constant attacks of the Five Nations. At this date they
were settled near Fort Christanna. (Mooney, Siouan Tribes of the
East, p. 43.) The building of this fort was commenced in August, 1714.
(Spotswood, Official Letters^ Vol. II, p. 212.)
The Nottoway Indians were of the same stock as the Iroquois, and a
subsequent Order shows their close intimacy with those tribes.
tThis land lay in the southern portion of present Frederick county,
Va. The Carter grant adjoined it on the east. The Valley Railroad
and Valley Turnpike pass through it, and the North Branch of the
Shenandoah constitutes its southern boundary. **Cape Leanock" was
evidently the Indian name for that river and here appears for the first
time. The correct spelling would probably have made it a word of one
syllable, like Cacapehon, now Capon river.
This Order brings us to a period when actual settlers were coming
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 287
Western Branch of Sherundo otherwise called Cape Leanock &
the Branches thereof including the Land between that & the
Mountains next to Opeckon & extending from Sherundo river
along the lines of the Land taken up by Robt. Carter Esq',
dec'd to the s^ Mountains & thence Westerly as far as will in-
clude the Quantity of 20,000 acres granted to the s^. John &
Isaac Van meter & that if the s* W". Russell will take up the
quantity of land he pretends to claim by virtue of his entries &
Surveys he be permitted to make a new Entry for the same be-
into the Shenandoah Valley in considerable numbers, and a brief notice
concerning them is indispensable to a proper understanding of Virginia's
first great extension toward the west. The earliest settlers in the Valley
of Virginia were Germans, not Dutch in the sense of being Hollanders,
a misnomer which still clings to them. They came almost entirely from
the upper valley of the Rhine and sprung from the purest strains of the
Teutonic race. Their homes were chiefly in the lower Palatinate, an
old principality of Germany, and the adjacent states of Mainz, Treves,
Baden, Alsace, Lorraine, and Wurtemberg. Coming from this section,
they were called Palatines, a term finally applied to all German imi-
jrrants to this country during the colonial period. Two wars waged by
Louis XIV of France caused an exodus from the Palatinate and ad-
jacent districts. The first, known as the War of the Grand Alliance,
had no other object in view than to annex Alsace and Lorraine to
France. This war commenced in 1686, and the devastation of the
Palatinate by the French armies has no parallel in modern history.
The second was the War of the Spanish Succession — France against
all Germany. In these great conflicts the Palatinate was made a desert,
and its people became wanderers in every country of Europe not con-
trolled by Louis XIV. Not even the Hugenots of France suffered a
greater martyrdom than the Germans of the Palatinate.
They sought an asylum in America, and in 17 10, four thousand came
to New York. Their experience in that colony was not satisfactory^
and they then turned to Pennsylvania. Commencing in 1717, they began
to arrive in large numbers, landing at Philadelphia. They first settled
in Lancaster and adjoining counties, and many of them then removed to
Virginia in 1730-32. Among them was also a small element of Swiss.
These Germans were almost unanimously Protestants, chiefly of the
Lutheran and German Reformed denominations. They were a literate
people upon their arrival in America, and their descendants have so
continued. The Peaked Mountain church record shows that an agree-
ment to build a union church by the Lutheran and Reformed Congrega-
tions at McGaheysville, Rockingham county, Va., in 1768, was signed
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283 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ginningf over against the mouth of Happy Creek, & running up
the Western side of the s**. Western branch but not to cross the
same so as to interfere with the grant hereby made to the s*.
Joost Heid But for as much as during the dispute between him
& the s**. Russell he hath been interrupted in seating the s*" Land
according to the Condicon on which the same was granted to
the s**. Van meter further time is allowed him till the next Gen-
eral Court for complying with the sd. Condicon & he is accord-
ingly hereby directed to have the number of Families on the sd.
Land by that time in pain of forfeiting this p'sent Grant.
On the peticon of W". Russell leave is granted him to survey
20,000 Acres of Land in lieu of the 19.000 formerly Surveyed
by forty-eight men, of whom forty-four wrote their names. ( Uri/iiatn
and Mary Col/e^e Quarterly, Vol. XIII, pp. 248-49.) During the French
and Indian War, these early Germans in the Valley were active par-
ticipants. (Boogher, Gleanings of Virtrinia History, pp. 30-58). In the
Revolution they chiefly composed the 8th Virginia, or "German Regi-
ment," commanded by Muhlenberg, and many of them also served in
the 7th Virginia Regiment, Daniel Morgan's celebrated " Rifle Corps."
The Valley Germans are popularly supposed to be without military
spirit, but it can be truthfully said of them that in the War of the Revo-
lution they participated in nearly every engagement of importance, from
Boston Heights to Yorktown.
The d^iscendants of these pioneer Germans have always been the
governing element in the lower Valley, and they stiM hold leadership in
that section. For several generations the German language was almost
exclusively spokert, and this, together with different customs, tended to
isolate them from eastern colonial Virginia. They have, however been
gradually blending with English Virginia, and to-day their diff*erent
origin is in a large degree denoted only by the surnames which they
bear. The German Baptist Brethren, familiarly known as Dunkards,
were not among the pioneer Germans of the Valley in any numbers.
Nearly all of this prosperous element of Virginia came to the State
after the Revolution, between the years 1790 and 1800, and their history
does not fall within the scope of this work. For accounts of tlie de-
struction of the Palatinate, see Macaulay*s History of England, Menzel's
History of Germany, and Cobb's Story of the Palatines. In Rupp's Col-
lection of Thirty Thousand German Natnes, &c., will be found the names
of nearly all the early German settlers of the Valley.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 289
lor him lying on both sides of Sherundo River above Happy
Creek & in the fork of the sd. River* joining^ upon the land of
Joost Heid & others interested in the Entry of John Van meter
as the same is this day ascertained by the Board.
On the peticon of Alex' Ross & others his partners t for a
*The land embraced in this Order was situated at the junction of the
North and South branches of ihe Shenandoah. Present Riverton and
Front Royal are within its boundaries. The descriptions given show
that the tract covered territory lying directly within the fork of the two
rivers.
The Council Orders show that this general locality was much favored
by the earliest seekers of land in the Valley. The fertile soil and the
easy passes through the Blue Ridge in this section doubtless furnished
the reason. The gaps in this immediate section still bear the names
givrii to them by the early settlers — Chester's, Manassas Ashby's, and
Williams' Gaps. An important Indian trail passed through one of them,
probably Chester's Gap. Reference is made in an Act of 1732 to **The
Indian Thoroughfare of the Blue Ridge Mountains," in Prince William
county. (Hening, Vol. IV, p. 367; Kercheval, p. 33.)
t The persons engaged in this enterprise were known among the
Society of Friends as Alexander Ross and Company. It has been shown
that Ross was a resident of Cecil county, Md., at the time of his re-
moval to the Valley. • Josiah Ballinger, James Wright, Evan Thomas,
and others in the colony, came either from Pennsylvania or the Elk
River section in Maryland. Ballinger and Wright originally resided at
Salem, West Jersey. About the year 1725 they removed to the upper
part of old Prince George county, Maryland, and settled near the Mo-
nocacy, and thence removed to the lands mentioned in prior Council
Orders, near Winchester. Permission wafe obtained from the Quarterly
Meeting of Chester, Pennsylvania, to build a meeting-hou>e in Virginia,
and Hopewell congregation was formed. About the year 1733 Amos
Janney, of Bucks county, Pa., and other Friends, settled in present Loudon
and Fairfax counties, where they built, in 1741, a meeting-house called
Fairfax, probably at or near the site of present Fairfax Court House-
In 1733 Richard Beesonand others settled on and near Tuscarora Creek,
a branch of the Opequon, where a meeting-house, called Providence,
was erected. (Smith's History of the Province of Pennsylvania , printed
in Hazard's Res^ister of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1831, Vol. VII, pp.
134 35) The records seem to demonstrate that the Quakers, or Friends^
were the religious pioneers in forming congregations and building
churches in the Valley of Virginia.
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290 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Grant of 20,000 acres of Land joining on the So. Side of the
Line of the Province of Pensilvania & on the west Side of the
Boundary of my Lord Baltimore's Grant for the province of
Maryland & joining to the Lands lately entr'd for by John
Robinson Esq' It is ordered that the Entry of the petitioner for
the sd. Tract be received & that if upon Settling the Boundries
of Pensilvania & Maryland the Said Land shall appear to be
within this Government the Pet', be prefer' d to a Grant thereof
Ordered That the surveying the several Grants made to John
Robinson E^q', Augustine Moore Sc John Robinson Jun' Gent,
for Land on Conicathigah [Conacocheague] & Audeltank [Antie-
tam] be Suspended until the Bounds of the province of Maryland
be first settled.
Oct. 28, 1732.
The great Men of the Nottoway & Sapony Indians this day
attending the Governor in Council upon the Complaint of the
said Sapony Indians against the Nottovv.iys for divers Murders
committed on their people since their return into this Govern-
ment & more particularly for joining with divers foreign Indians
in an attack* made on the said Sapony Indians at their Fort in
the month of August last Contrary to the express Orders sent
them by the Governour &, it appearing to the Board by the
* This Order is positive evidence that the Six Nations were not ob-
serving the treaty stipulations agreed upon at Albany in 1722, which
restricted them to the territory west of the BUie Kidge in their travels
through Virginia, and bound them, U{)on pain of death, not to molest
the tributary Indians of the colony, among whom were the Saponi.
The Nottoway town was at this lime is Kle of VVi>*hl county, on the
Black Water river. It was visited in 1728, by Colonel William Byrd,
who gives an amusing account of his entertainnitfnt tlierc. He states
that they then numbered two hundred souls and were about the only
Indians of any ccmsequence remaining in Virginia. {B\rd, History of
the Dividing Lin^, 1728-29. p. 74. Richmond, Va., i}:'66.) In 1722, ihe
Nottoways were living in Surry county. Va., and then numbered about
one hundred warriors. They were described as being "of late a thriv-
ing and increasing people." {\\ii\^v\y, Histoiy of I'ir/^iuia, L(>ndon,
1722, p. 184; reprint, 1855.)
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 291
Testimony of Mary Tatum that one Jenning [?] a Nottoway In-
dian on his return from the Sapony Fort owned at her House
that he & others of that Nation had been that day fighting with
the Saponies and it also appearing that the said Nottoways have
at their Town four Prisoners of the Saponie Nation taken from
the plantacon of Coll. R^ Mountford [Munford]. It is ordered
that the said Nottoway Indians for their Contempt in disobey-
ing the Orders of the Governour be fined in the Sum of ten
pounds, to be paid to the Saponies or the Value thereof in
Goods, being the Compensation they agree to accept for the
loss they have sustained by means of the said Nottoway Indians
and that the same be accordingly paid before the fifteenth day
of April next, and it's further Ordered that the sd. Jenning [?] &
two other of the great Men of the Nottoway Indians be com-
mitted to the publick Goal & there detained until the Sapony
Prisoners be delivered up to their Na'con and for the better
preserving the Peace between the sd. Nations for the future It
is ordered that Neither of the sd. Nottoway or Sapony Indians
do presume hereafter to disturb or molest one another in their
Hunting and if either of them shall offend herein the Indians
found guilty of being the first Aggressours shall be transported
out of this Colony and if any murder shall be committed by
either of the sd. Nations on the other that Nation whose Indians
shall comit the same shall be answerable for such muder unless
they deliver up the P'sons concern' d therein to be tried & pun-
ished according to Law and whereas the Nottoway Indians
frequently entertain at their Town parties of the Tuscarooro's
inhabiting in No. Carolina & under Colour thereof do receive
among them divers of The Six Nac'ons under the Governm't
of New York who by their Treaties of peace are bound not to
pass through any part of this Country to the Eastward of the
great Mountains or to the Northward of Roanoke River with-
out a Passport from the Governour of New York and then not
exceeding ten in one Company the said Nottoway Indians are
for the future to forbear entertaining at their Towns or giving
encouragement to their Coming in this Colony any of the said
foreign Indians on pain of being made accountable for any
mischief or Injury the sd. Tuskarooro's or other foreign Indians
shall do either to his Majesties Subjects or to the Saponies and
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292 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
on the other hand the Sapony Indians are to be accountable for
any Injury or mischief which Shall be done to his Majesty's
Subjects or to the Nottoways by any of the Cattabaw Indians
their Confederates who shall resort to their Town.
Which Orders & Injunctions aforemenconed being com'uni-
cated & fully explained to the s** Nottoway & Sapony Indians
where by their respective g^reat Men severally agreed & sub-
mitted to and it is Ordered that Copies hereof be delivered to
the Interpreters of the said several Nations to be by them com-
municate to all the Indians at their respective Towns.
Dec. 15, 1732.
Whereas Information was this day given to the Board that
the Tuscarooro Indians in Conjunction with divers Indians of
the Six Nations * under the Governm't of New York are now
amongst the Frontier plantacons iii the County of Brunswick
♦The Tuscarora Indians mentioned in this Order consisted of that
portion of the tribe which remained neutral in the war of 1711-13.
The hostiles were defeated with overwhelming loss in March, 1713, at
Snow Hill, Greene county, North Carolina, by the South Carolina
forces under Colonel James Moore. (Fiske, Old Virgima and Her
Neighbors, Vol. II, p. 304.) It is well known that the defeated rem-
nant fled into Virginia, and after remaining there a short time removed
to New York and became the Sixth Nation of the Iroquoian confed-
eracy. The date of their migration is not drfinitely known, but it was
probably in the spring or summer of 17 14. An Order of the New York
Council passed June 15th, 1713, recites that the Tuscarora Indians being
then at war with her Majesty's subjects in Carolina and the Flatheads
(Catawbas), should not be allowed to settle in New York until peace
had been declared. {Collections Neiv York Historical Society, .869,
Vol. II, p. 463.)
In a letter to the Commissioners of Trade, dated July 21st, 1714,
Governor Spotswood speaks of the peace which then existed with the
Indians, and this would indicate that the Tuscaroras were allowed to
join the Five Nations in 17 14. (Spotswood, Official Letters, Vol. II, p.
70.) These Indians were a source of anxiety to Governor Spotswood
during nearly the whole of his official career. Visits of the Five Na-
tions to the Tuscarora town in Bertie county, North Carolina, and their
attacks upon the tributary Indians settled in the vicinity of Fort Chris -
tanna, were undoubtedly the impelling reasons for the Treaty of Albany
in 1722.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 293
lying in wait to cut off the Sapony Indians for paventing [pre-
venting] the Mischiefs w*"* may happen as well to the Inhabitants
on the sd. Frontier as to the sd. Saponee Indians living under the
•protection of this Government. It is the opinion of this Board
& accordingly Ordered that the Commanding Officers of the
Militia in the Several Frontier Counties give immediate Orders
to take up & secure all such of the Northern Indians as shall be
found on the North side Roanoke river & East sides the great
Mountains within the Limits of this Colony not having passports
from the Governour of New York conformable to the Treaty
made with them in year 1722, & all Tuscarooro Indians living
within the province of North Carolina who shall be found within
the Bounds of Virginia without Lisence to cause them & every
of them to be Conveyed under a Guard to W°"Burg there to be
proceeded ag* according to the Directions of the act of Assembly
in that Case made & provided.
May 4, 1733.
A Warrant under his Sign Manual dated the 25th of Jan''
last <S: countersigned by the Lords Com" of his Majestys Treas-
ury was this day read in Council directing of the payment of the
Sum of nine hundred thirty-six pounds twelve shillings to Coll.
Alex' Spotswood * out of the revenue of two shillings p hhd in
* This Order records the payment to (iovernor Spotswood of a debt
justly due him for eleven years. Payment was doubtles-i delayed by the
sami influences which secured his removal from oftice. Upon his re-
tirement he devoted himself to the management of his large estate,
particularly the iron mines and fuMiaces. On July i8th, 1722, he pur-
chased from William Beverley his interest in 15,000 acres of whdt was
known as the " Ironmine land." The deed recites that Alexander
Spotswood, Robert Beverley, of King and Queen, and Thomas Jones, of
VVilliamsburg, merchant, had entered into a copartnership for the pur-
pose of melting and casting iron. This copartnership was formed prior
to February 20th, 1719, when the patent for the "Ironmine land" was
secured. < Spotsylvania County Records, New York, 1905, p. 89.) The
recitals in a deed dated December 21st, 1725, show that Governor Spots-
wood was then residing in London, and a deed dated February 26th,
1728, indirates that he was still in England. A deed dated November 6th
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294 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
full of all demands for his Expenses & Service in Negotiating a
Treaty with the Indians at Albany in the year 1722. And it is
accordingly ordered that a Warrant be prepared for the Gov-
ernor's Signing for the Payment of the af 'sd Sum pursuant to
his Majestys pleasure in that behalf
June 13, 1733.
The Indians of the Sapony & Nottoway Nations this day
attended the Gov' in Council & represented that in Order to put
an end to the Hostilities * between them they had entred into
Terns of peace & amity in which the Tuscarooro Indians were
willing to be included & it was this day agreed between them
that the great Men of the Sapony & Nottoway Nations meet at
the Tuscarooro Town & there conclude a peace amongst them-
selves & at the request of the Saponies Leave is granted them
to incorporate with the Tuscarooro' s if they see fit upon this
Condicon that neither of the said Nacons do presume to hunt
upon any patented Lands within this Government nor come
amongst the Inhabitants in any greater number than three in a
Company, and Leave is also granted the said Saponies to re-
main where they now are until the Corn be gathered in and then
if they do not cohabit with the Tuscarooro' s that they remove
to some place without the Inhabitants between Roanoke & Ap-
1732, shows that he had then returned to Virginia. {Idem, pp. 97, 106,
123.) Recalled to the service of the King and made Major-General in
the Brili-ih army, he died June 7th, 1740, at Annapolis, Md., upon the
eve of his departure as Commander-in-Chief of the expedition against
Carthagena. He will live in the history of V^irginia as the best of her
colonial governors. His short journey from Germanna to the Shenan-
doah was the first march in "The Winning of the West."
♦Council Order of May 5, 1732, in reference to the Saponi Indians,
fixes the date of their return to V^irginia. They were again seeking
protection agaui'it their ancient enemy, the Iroquois. It was shown in
the July number of the Magazine that they finally made peace with the
Six Nations, and removed fir^t to Pennsylvania, in 1740. and thence to
New York about 1753. Their removal to Pennsylvania, was probably
coincident with the transfer from North Carolina to New York of that
portion of ihe Tuscarora nation which remained for a time in North
Carolina after the conclusion of hostilities.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 295
poniatox rivers where a sufficient Tract of Land shall be assijjn'd
them according to the former directions of this Board and it is
ordered that M' R' Hix do attend the sd. Saponies in their pres-
ent Treaty with the Tiiscarooro's & report to this Board the
Condicons of the peace concluded between them.
Oct. 17, 1733.
On hearing this day in Council the petition of divers of the
Inhabitants of St. Georges Parish in the County of Spotsylvania,
complaining that the Vestry of the said Parish have ordered two
new Churches to be built neither of which are any way con-
venient to the upper Inhabitants of the said Parish, and on Con-
sidering what was in behalf of the Vestry, it appearing to the
Board that no Complaint was offered to [by?] any of the Inhab-
itants until after the said Churches were begun to be built and
that the same is now so far proceeded in that the work cannot
be interrupted without putting the Parish to a very great & con-
siderable Charge. It is the opinion of this Board That the
saide Petition be rejected but nevertheless that the said Vestry
according to the Proposal this day made in their behalf do with
all Convenient Speed cause a Chappel of Ease to be built for
the use of the upper Inhabitants of the said Parish as shall be
found most suitable for that purpose.
Dec. 12, 1733.
William Beverly Gent, having entered a Caveat* for stopping
♦This Order fixes the date of the Massanutton settlement, discussed
in note 4, p. 120, of the October number of the Magazine. It shows the
end of the litigation between William Beverly and Jacob Stover, indenti-
fies the land in dispute, and demonstrates that 1733 was the year in which
the petition was filed. The petitioners had settled there about four
years prior to that date, and therefore must have come in 1729 or 1730,
in all probability the latter year.
As the place of the first permanent settlement made by white men
west of the Blue Ridge in Virginia, the location of Massanutton is of
more than local historical importance. Some uncertainty has surrounded
the question of its exact location, but these doubts have been resolved.
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296 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
a Patent sued out by Jacob Stover for a Tract of Land lying on
both sides Sherrando River, and in the second Fork thereof.
On hearing the Parties by their Council It is the Opinion of
The southwestern boundary was about three miles northeast of present
Elkton, Rockingham county, Virginia. This is demonstrated by the
following facts: By patent dated Dec. 13, 1738, and recorded in the
land oflice at Richmond, Va., Jacob Stover was granted 800 acres of
land lying on the south (southeast) side of the Shenandoah river, ihen
in Orange county, **adjoinmg another tract of the said Stover contain-
ing 5,000 acres." By deed dated Oct. 21, 1741, recorded at Orange,
Va., Jacob Stover sold to Joseph Bloodworth a tract of land *' contain-
ing by estimation 820 acres, be the same more or less," lying in Orange
county on the east (southeast) side of the Shenandoah river adjoining
*• Stovers pattent [5/V]." In this deed the point of departure is given
as being between Hawksbill Run and Elk Run. The latter stream
flows into the Shenandoah immediately at Elkton ; the former about
one and one-half miles to the southwest. By deed dated March 9, 1741,
and recorded at Orange, Va., Joseph Bloodworth sold to Adam Miller
the same tract of land "containing by estimation 820 acres, be the same
more or less," lying on the east (southeast) side of the Shenandoah.
The same point of departure is given as above, and the closing lines
touch the cources of "Stover's pattent [Sic].'* It will be observed
that Bloodworth sold to Miller before acquiring title from Stover. By
deed dated Sept. 27, 1764, and recorded at Staunton, Va., Adam Miller
conveyed 280 acres of land to his son-in law, Jacob Bear, "being the
same plantation on which said Adam Miller now lives, and which he pur-
chased from Joseph Bloodworth, and he from Jacob Stover, and is part
of a greater tract of 820 acres." The Bear family still reside upon this
land, which includes the well-known Bear Lithia Spring. Here Adam
Miller, the first of the Valley pioneers, lived and died.
These deeds are positive evidence that one of Stover's 5,000 acre
grants commenced about three miles northeast of present Elkton. The
location of the other grant is positively known to have been immedi-
ately below present Port Republic, as shown in the last issue of the
Magazine, and therefore can be eliminated from this discussion. The
courses and distances of the grant under discussion do not extend far
back from the river on either side, and being surveyed in a narrow
strip, 5,000 acres, approximately eight square miles, could easily have
been extended down the river a distance of twelve miles, or perhaps
further, and this, it seems, was the case. The northeastern boundary
of Massanutlon seems to have been in the neighborhood of Newport, a
village in present Page county, distant about twelve miles from Bear
Lithia Spring, the southwestern boundary of Stover's lower grant
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 297
this Board and accordingly Ordered That a Patent be granted
the said Sfover For ye Tract of Land in dispute, pursuant to
the grant thereof made to him in the Year 1730, and that the
said Caveat be set aside.
Gottschalk, the Moravian missionary, described it in 1748 as *' a narrow,
small, and oblong district." ( Virgima Magazine, Vol. XII, p. 229)
The Fairfax Line crossed the Page Valley at Newport. Before tlie
organization of Rockingham county in 1778, the county of Augusta ex-
tended down the Shenandoah to this point. North and east of the
Fairfax Line was original Frederick county. In 1746, the estate of
Abram Strickler, one of the petitioners, of 1733, was appraised in
Augusta county, and that of Michael Rinehart, another petitioner, in
1749. (Waddell, Annals of Augusta County, 2nd ed., pp. 78, 80.) In
addition, Mathias Seizor, still another petitioner, was appointed a mem-
ber of the county court of Augusta in 1751. (Summers, History of
Southwest Virginia, p. 821.) On the 26th, of June, 1740, Abram Strick-
ler and others presented a petition to the County Court of Orange for a
public road from Smith's Creek over the " Buffiloe Mountains" to the
mouth of ** Massanutten" and thence over the Blue Ridge to Mr.
Thornton's mill. Petition granted, and Abram Strickler and Philip
Lung (Long), another of the petitioners, were ordered to lay off and
supervise the construction of the road. Massanutton Creek flows out
of that range of mountains into the Shenandoah in the vicinity of
Newport.
These court records are cited to show that all, or nearly all, of the
petitioners of 1733, resided in territory which became a part of Augusta
when that county was organized, and therefore south of the Fairfax
Line. The court orders fix the location of Massanutton on the Shenan-
doah between Bear Lithia Springs on the southwest and Newport,
Page county, Va., on the northeast. The ** Buffalo Mountains " appear
for the first time in this petition, and this was probably the name given
to the Massanutton range by the first settlers. The road in question is
probably that which crosses the mountains from New Market to Luray.
The two grants of 5,000 acres each, dated December i.sth, 1733, were
the first crown patents issued for lands in Virginia lying west of the
Blue Ridge.
In 1733 ^his interesting colony numbered fifty-one persons, and nine
plantations had been cleared. They state that a few persons had pre-
ceded them in that locahty, and this must refer to Adam Miller and his
family, who were frequently visited by the Indians. (Palmer, Calendar
of Virginia State Papers, Vol. I, pp. 219-20.)
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298 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
COMMISSION TO GOVERNOR YEARDLEY AND
COUNCIL. MARCH 14, 1625-6.
(From Copy in Robinson MSS, Virginia Historical Society.)
[This is a renewal by Charles I of the commission as Governor
pro tern,, issued by James I on September 18, 1625. On April
19, 1 6x6. Yeardley was commissioned Governor-in-Chief. For
instructions bearing the latter date, see this Magazine H, 393-
396.]
Charles, by the Grace of God &c. To our trusty & well be-
loved Sir George Yeardley knight, Francis West Esqr., John
Harvey Esqr., George Sandis Esqr., John Pott Doctor of phi-
sick, Roger Smith Esqr., Ralph Hamor Esqr., Samuel Mathews
Esqr., Abraham Percey Esq., William Claybourne Rsqr., Wil-
liam Tucker Esqr., Jabes Whitakers Esq., Edward Blaney R^^q.
& William Farrer Esqr. Greeting Whereas our late Royal!
father King James of happy memory deceased by his Commis-
sion under his great Seal of England bearing date the six &
twentieth day of August in the two & twentieth year of his reign
of England France & Ireland & of Scotland the eighth and fif-
tieth for the better ordering manageing & governing of the
affairs of the Colony & plantation in Virginia & of the persons
then there inhabiting and that thereafter should be & inhabite
there untill some other settled & constant course might be re-
solved of & established by himself Did nominate and assigne Sir
Francis Wyatt Knight to be the then present Governor & him
& you the said George Yardley, Francis West and divers others
in the said Commission particularly mentioned to be the then
present Councel of& for the said Colony & plantation in Virginia
with diverse priviledges & authorities in the said Commission
Expressed & set down as in & by the same may more at large
appeare And whereas our said late Royall father upon informa-
tion that George Wyatt, Esqr., father of the said Sir Francis
Wyatt was then lately deccrased in the realme of Ireland by rea-
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COMMISSION TO GOVERNOR YEARDLEY. 299
son whereof happily the s'd Sir Francis might desire to return
into England about his own private occasions which our said
father notwithstanding the great & weighty importance of his
affairs in that country was graiiously inclined to yeild unto if
himself should so desire & his occasions so require And yet for
that in the absence The s*d Sir Francis Wyatt (if no other Gov-
ernor should be appointed for him) many inconveniences might
happen which in a business of such consequence were necessary
to be provided for by another Commission under this great seal
of England bearing date eighteenth day of September in the
said two & twentieth year of his Highness Reign of England
France & Ireland & of Scotland the eight ^ fiftieth Did give &
grant unto the said Sir Francis Wyatt free liberty licence & au-
thority at his own will and pleasure when he shall so think fitt to
return & take his voyage for towards and into this realme of
England for the performance & execution of his own private
affairs And .to the end that the service in the first recited Com-
mission Expressed might not in the meantime be neglected our
said late fathers will & pleasure was & he did by the said last
mentioned Commission nominate & appoint you the s'd Sir
George Yardley in the absence of the s'd Sir Francis Wyatt or
upon his search if it should so happen to be the then present
Government you the s'd Francis West in the s'd former Com-
mission mentioned to be the then present councel of & for the
s'd Colony & plantation in Virginia giving & by the s'd latter
Commission granting unto you & them & the greater number
of you & them respectively full power and authority to perform
Si execute the places powers & authorities incident to a Governor
& Councel in Virginia respectively according to the tenour effect
& true meaning of the s'd former recited Commissioner in that
behalf to them & you directed together with diverse priviledges
Si authorities in the said last mentioned Commission expressed
as in & by the same may more at large appear. Now know ye
that we lake into our princejy consideration the care & provi-
dence of our s'd late Royall father having respect to the good
of that plantation so happily begun which we conceive to be a
business of that consequence w'ch we ought to encourage & by
all good means to bring to perfection we being forced by many
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300 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Other urgent oceasions in respect to our late access to the crown
continue the same means that formerly was thought fitt for the
maintenance of the s'd Colony & plantation untill we should find
some more convenient means upon mature advice to give more
ample directions for the same & reposing assured trust & confi-
dence in the understanding care fidelity experience & circum-
spection of you the s*d Sir George Yardley, Francis West,
John Harvey, George Sandis, John Pott, Roger Smith, Ralph
Hamer, Samuel Mathews, Abraham Percey, William Clayborne,
William Tucker, Jabes Whitakers, Edward Blaney & William
Farrer have nominated & assigned & by these presents Do nom-
inate & assigne you the s'd Sir George Yeardley to be present
Governor & you the s'd John Harvey & the rest before men-
tioned to be present Councel of and for the 's'd colony & plan-
tation in Virginia giving & by these presents granting unto you
& the greater number 6f you respectively full power & authority
to perform & execute the places power & authorities incident to
a Governor & Councel of Virginia or in any of the Isles ports
havens creeks or territories thereof either in time of peace or war
& to order & direct the affairs touching or concerning that col-
ony or plantation in those forrain parts only & to execute &
perform all and every Other matters & things concerning that
plantation as fully & amply as any Governor & Councel resident
thereat any time within the space of five years now last past h?.d
or might perform or execute. And because by the directions of
Industrious & well Experienced men the limits & bounds of the
said plantation may be augmented & the trade & commerce of
the maintenance of the inhabitants there from time to time re-
siding much advanced.
Our will Sc pleasure is & we do by these presents give & grant
unto you the s'd George Yardley and the rest of you hereinbe-
fore mentioned or any four or more of you (whereof the Gov-
ernor for that time being we will shall be always one) full power
& authority to grant one or more Commission or Commissions
unto any our subjects thereunto addressing themselves for the
discovery of the s'd Country & ports bounds limits & extent
thereof & also for the finding out what trades shall be most nec-
essary to be undertaken for the benefit & advantage of the s*d
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COMMISSION TO GOVERNOR YEARDLEY. 301
Colony & plantation & the good of the people inhabitiug or
which shall inhabite there both by sea & land And further upon
all occasions as you or any four or more of you (whereof the
Gov'r for the time being to be always one) shall see fitt to send
out forces for the subduing of the Indians & savages of the s*d
country & likewise to make war & peace with them in all such
cases as it may stand with the safety of the ,i*d colony & our
honor keeping allways sufficient forces for the holding of the
places there now enjoyed And if it shall happen the said Sir
George Yeardley to dye then our will & pleasure is & we do by
these presents nominate & assign you the s'd John Harvey upon
the death of the s*d Sir George Yeardley to be our present Gov-
ernor & you the s'd Francis West & tlie rest of our s'd Com'rs
to be our present councel of the s'd Colony & plantation in Vir-
ginia giving and granting unto you or the greater number of
you respectively full power & authority to execute the places
powers & authorities of a Gov'r & Council in Virginia respec-
tively as aforesaid And if it shall happen the s'd John Harvey
likewise to dye or in case the s'd Sir George Yeardley his uriirent
occasions (allowed by four or more of our s'd councel there")
shall call him thence at any time then our will & pleasure is &
we do hereby give & grant unto you the s'd Francis West &
the rest of the Com'rs before named or the greater number of
you full power Sc authority in the absence of the s'd John
Harvey to elect nominate & assign one of our councel afores'd
to be the present Governor for the s'd colony & plantation in
Virginia & so to do from time to time as often as the case shall be
required And we do by these presents nominate & assign such
person by you or the greater number of you so from time to
time to be elected & chosen to be the present Governor Sc ,
you the rest of our s'd Com'rs to be our present councel for
the s'd colony Si plantation of Virginia giving & by these pres-
ents granting unto you & the greater number of you respectively
full power & authority to execute & perform the places powers
& authorities of a Gov'r and councel for Virginia respectively in
manner & form afores'd. Nevertheless our will and pleasure is
that ye & every of you proceed herein according to such instruc-
tions as are in these presents contained or as ye or such of you
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302 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
as have heretofore of our councel there have received or accord-
ing to such instructions as you shall hereafter receive from us or
our Com'rs here to that purpose appointed or to be appointed.
And our further will & pleasure is & we do hereby give fall
power & authority unto & do will & command that you the s*d
Sir George Yardley & John Harvey or either of you who have
already been of the councel in those parts for the plantation
there And have already taken your oaths before our privy coun-
cel in England shall administer under the s'd Francis West, John
Pott, William Tucker, Jabes Whitakers, Edward Blaney & Wil-
liam Farrer & every of them the like oath upon the holy Evan-
gelist as ye or either of you have already taken as counsellor of
or for the s'd Colony or plantation willing & requiring you to be
diligent & attendant in the execution of this our service & com-
mandm't & also willing and commanding all other our loving
subjects there to be directed & governed by you or the greater
number of you in all things according to the intentions & true
meaning of these presents & for as much as the affairs of state
of the s'd Colony & plantation may necessarily require some
person of Quality & Trust to be employed as Secretary for the
writing & answering such letters as shall be from time to time
directed to or sent from the said Governor & Councel of the
Colony aforesaid Our will 8c pleasure is Sc we do by these pres-
ents nominate & assign you the s'd William Clay borne to be our
Secretary of state of & for the s'd Colony & plantation of Vir-
ginia residing in those parts giving & by these presents granting
unto you the said William Clayborne full power & authority to
do execute & perform all & every thing <& things w'tsoever to
the s'd office of Secretary of Slate of tS: for the s'd Colony &
plantation of Virginia incident Sc appertaining And Lastly our
will & pleasure is that this our Commission shall continue in
force untill such time as we by some other writing under signet
privy seal or great seal of England shall signify our pleasure to
the contrary. In witness whereof &c. witness ourself at West-
minster the fourteenth day of March Anno Regni Regis Caroli
Aug't et primo.
t^ IPSUM Regem.
March 14, 1625-6.
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 303
VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND.
Communicated by Mr. LothropWithington, 30 Little Russell street,
VV. C, London (including ** Gleanings" by Mr. H. F. Waters,
not before printed.)
(CONTLNUED)
Richard Barnabe, London, Marchant, bound on a voyaj^e
by God's grace to the East Indyes with good shipp or vessell
named the Mary of London of the burden of One Thousand
Tunnes or thereabouts. Will 19 January 1630 | i; proved 11
July 1636. To be buried neere late wief in church of St. Kath-
erine Coleman, London. All to daughters Elizabeth Barnabe
and Mary Barnabe, executrixes. Overseers: brothers in lawe
Mr. John Boulteel, Clarke, and George Rookes, Marchant,
goodes to remayne in their hands till daughters are 21; if either
die, or refuse said [sic] Samuell Fortrc to join with surviver or
Refuser, and if Samuel Kortre die or refuse, then my brother in
lawe Samuel Gatre vncle of my children to ioyne etc. etc.
Whereas ;{^6oo given by will of Mrs. Anne Gatree late of Lon-
don, widdow, etc. dated 5 December 1627 given to said daugh-
ter Elizabeth and Mary and due tome if they die before marriage
or 21, whereof ;{^200 is in charge of Mr. John Fortree, ;^200 in
hands of said Samuel Fortree and ^200 in hands of said John
Boulteel, three of executors of will of said Anne Gatree: To
Loving brother John Barnabe resident in X'ir^iiiia and Planter
there ;^ioo, and my brother James Barnabe resident in Virginia
j^^ioo, to be paid to them if living, or if dead to their sons and
daughters. If none be living, then to children of said brother
in law George Rookes, Merchant. To sister Elizabeth Rookes
;^30. and to her seven children ^70, viz. George Rookes the
younger ^20 and residue of ^^50 to others, at 21 to sons, and to
daughters at 21 or marriage. To sister Martha Hjnnabe, some-
time wief of John .Sargenson, vintner, deceased /30, and, to her
sonn William Sargenson ^^20 at 21, or if he die, tu children oi
John Boultell. To si.ster Katherine Clarke £t,o, and to her son
Robert at 21 and daughter Katherine at 21 or marriage ^10
each etc. To Anne Barnabe, daughter of uncle John Barnabe,
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304 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
novve wief of Edwards, Merchant, ;^50, and if dead, to her
children. To sometyme servant Elizabeth Rivers als Marsh
j{^20. Residue of ;^6oo, viz: jC^3o to Masters and Wardens of
Company of Drapers of London (whereof I am a brother) to
pay ;{^io, yearly, viz: ;^5 for some godly and vertuous Preacher to
preach five sermons yearly in church of St. Katherine Colman
neere billeter lane, London, whereof one sermon on New Yeares
day at 20s per sermon and I2d weekely upon Sabbath day in
bread to poore of parish of St. Katherine Colman and 20s a
year on New Yeares daye and to Sexton at same time 3s. for
ever; and to poore of St. Martin in Vintry in London los upon
New Yeares day forever; and to poore of Lambeth ditto, for the
love I beare said parishes and places for that my late deare wife
and her mother and my Chrisome Child lye interred in same
parish church of St. Katherine Colman, and for that two of my
children lye interred in parish church of St. Martin in the Vin-
try, and three of my children lye interred in parish church of
Lambeth. As to ;^ioo left to my children by their aunt Jane
Cuthbert due to me in case they dye, ^^50 in hands of said
James Fortrie and /50 in hands of said John Boulteel, I give to
sister Mrs. Mary Boulteel /^^o, to god daughter Elizabeth Boul-
teel ;^5o at 21 or marriage, and John Boulteel the younger, god
son of my late dear wife Ann Barnabe, ^20 at 21, and if they die,
to the other children of John Boulteel. To cousin Mary, wife of
John Chaundler, ;^io. To good wife Vale of Hadley neere Bar-
nett, sometymes nurse of my daughter Mary, ;^6-i3s-4d if lyving.
To Nurse Abbott, widdowe, dwelling in the parish of Creechurch
neere Algate, ;{^3-6s-8d. Rest to twoe brethren John Barnabe
and James Barnabe, yf lyving, and yf dead, to their children yf
lyving; yf dead, then to children of my said brother George
Rookes. If daughters Elizabeth and Mary die, said Samuel
Fortrie, John Boulteel senior, and George Rookes to be execu-
tors. Witnesses: James Merrifield, William Taylor, Robert Min-
chard Not. Pub. "Appendix to will made in England by me
Richard Barnaby, Merchant. In good shipp Hart now bound
for England, viz: To friend Captain Richard Swanley one Japan
Cutter and one paire of Buffe gloves. To friend Thomas Rob-
inssonne merchant one Capp wrought with silke and gold and
one cappof lynnen with needle worke purles. To nephe George
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 305
Rookes imbroidered girdle with silver buckles. To apprentice
Willm Curtis his freedome and liberty, also i cloth sute, i peece
of white damaske, 3 little batting bands, i paire of shoes and i
paire of slippers. To Samuell Lathorppe now Chirurgeon of
the shipp Hart i woollen cloth cote and i silver spoone. To
William Pearce chirurgeon's mate i cloth sute, i pewter. seringe
with a silver pipe. To Richard Foster, Barber, i pare of Bayes
Breeches, i pare of cloth stockings, i pare of shoes, and i pare
of slippers. To Henry Hayman one red woollen capp. To
George Swanley one cloth capp with gold lace. To John Swan-
ley The Practis of Piety. * Rest for daughters Elizabeth Barnabe
and Mary Barnabe in trust to Samuell Fortrie and John Boulteel.
Overseers: Captain Richard Swanley and Mr. Thomas Robin-
sonne. 24 April 1635. Witness: James Mathew, purser's mate.
Administration to sister Elizabeth Rookes als Barnabe during
minority of Elizabeth Barnabe and Mary Barnabe.
Pile, 84.
[The census of Virginia, 1624-5, gives the *' Muster *' of John Barnabe,
at Elizabeth City. It includes himself, aged 21, who came in the Lon^
don Marchant'm 1620 (Notten*s Emigrants, p. 247.) — Ed.]
George Ruggles of the University of Cambridge, Master
of Artes. Will 6 September 1621; proved 3 November 1622.
To the the poor of the towneof Lavenham, County of Suffolke,
where I was borne, 20 markes. To the poor of Parish where I
shall be buried ^^5. To him that .shall preache at my buriall £^.
To the two prisons in Cambridge ^^5 between them. To the
Chappie of Clarehall 20 marks to buy a silver bason to be used
at the Communion for the collection of the Poore. '* Item. I
further give and bequeath unto Clarehall in Cambridge aforesaid
one hundred pounds to be Payed within one yeare nexte after
my decease to the intent that it may alwaies remayne in parte of
their stocke to be imployed for the better makinge of provision
at the best handes for the benefitt of the said Colledge and the
students in it And that at their Audits or accompte once a yeare
I will that the one hundred poundes be alwaies brought in and
tituled by the name of George Ruggles one hundred Poundes."
To Clarehall Library all my books whatsoever the Master and fel-
lowes shall think fittinge. The rest of my books to the children
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306 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of Mr. Toddy Pallyvicine. All my papers and paper books to
be burned. To my sisters Mary Dardes and Sara Liminall,
both living in the City of Westchester, ;^ioo each. To all my
sister's children ^^lo each. I give and bequeath ;^ioo towards
bringing up the Infideirs Children in Virginia in Christian Re-
ligion, to be disposed of by the Virginia Company. To Mrs.
Jane Pallavycine, wife of said Toby, plate to value of ;^io. To
my loving Aunt Mrs. Alice Vigoris of Ipswich, to Mr. Henry
Coppinger the elder of Lavenham, to Mr. William Greenhalt
sometyme my schoolmaster, 40s. each for ringes, To my friends
of Clarehall, Augistine Linsell. D. D., Th-^mas Winston, Doctor
of Physicke, Thomas Parke, D. D., Mr. William Lake, Mr.
Thomas Pa»-kinson, Mr. Nicholas Ferrer, Mr. Samuell Linsell,
and Mr. Jam.es Harley, 40s. each for ringes. To my friends Mr.
Edward Mannesty, Mr. John Sherman the elder of Cambridge,
and Clement his wife, and their son Mr. John Sherman the
younger, and to Mr. Thomas Sherman thelder, 40s. apiece for
rings. To Mr. John Crane and Mr. Thomas Wake, both of
Cambridge, to Mr. William Parker of Sproughton neare Ispwich,
and to Mr. Thomas Lake of London 40s. each to make them
ringes. To Mr. William Bryarte of London Merchant 40s. To
my friend Myles Goulsborrow and his heires 20 nobles. To
John Briggs. some timesmy poor scholar. ^3. To Sir Edmond
Varney. Knighte, dwelling in Buckinghamshire, an especiall
friend of Mr. Toby Pallavicine, Plate to the value of ^5. All
the rest to Mr. Toby Pallavicine and his heirs. Executor: Sir
Edmond Varney. Witnesses: Tho. Abbott, Scr. East Smith -
field, Co. Middx, John Johnson, Tho. Boden, servant to said
Scr.
Savile, loi.
[ George Ruggle or Ruggles, son of Thomas Ruirgle, of Suffolk, was
born November 13, 1575, and entert-d St John's College, Cambridgo, in
his fourteenth year. He received his A. M from Trinity in 1597, and in
1598 became a Fellow of Clare Hall. In, 1614, during a visit of King
James to the University, a Latin comedy by Rnggle was performed l-y
the students, and received great applause from the Kirg. In 1619 he
retired from the University, and Secretary Ferrar, of the Virginia Com-
pany, states that from that time until his death his labors were almost
entirely given to the Company and to the cause of English colonization.
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 307
He was thout^ht to be the author of a treatise on planting which the
Company sent to Virg;inia for the Councillors to read. He died in 1622,
and in his will bequeathed £100 for the education of Indian children in
Virginia. A Life of George Ruggle^ by J. S. Hawkins, was published
in London in 1787. — Ed.]
George Hawker of the Parish of St. Martains Ludgate,
London, Combemaker. Will 20 November 1657; proved 15
January 1657-8. To my mother Ann Hawker 5s. To my sister
Ann Knight 5s. To my brother Edward Hawker living in
Virginia is. All these legacies to be paid within one month
of my decease by my executrix, my loving wife Martha, to whom
I bequeath all the remainder of my estate, my debts and funeral
expenses being paid. Witnesses : William Trigge & Fran :
Bartlett Scr. att Holborne Conduitte, Grace Davenish.
VVootton, 3.
Cornelius Wattes, of St. Cuthbertes in the City of Wells,
in the County, of Somersett, Vintener. Will 3 January 1 640-1,
proved 2 October 1640. To be buried in the Churchyard of St.
Cuthberts. To John Davis of Shipton Mallet and his wife one
Arrisoe Coverlett and a blew Rugg and twoe siluer wine boles
and 40s. a piece to buy each of them a ring. To Margarett
Davies, daughter of said John Davies, 40s. To William Watts,
which is now in Virginia, my house next below the Ashe-in-the-
well and ;^io. If he dothe not returne again, my son Edward
Watts to have the house but not the money. To the Church of
St. Cuthberts los. To the people of Thalmeshouse of Bp.
Bubwith's and Bp. Stil their foundations los. All the rest to my
wife Ann Watts and Edward Watts my son and Anne Watts my
daughter whom I make executors. Witnesses: Richard Deane,
Clarke, Willm Sherman, John Oldford.
Coventry, 129.
[ VVilliani Watts and Richard Davis" patented, Iuly3o, 1638, seventy-
five acres on Queens Creek, adjoininjj: the lands of Robert Booth and
Lieutenant Popeley ; due as follows : Fifty acres for the adventure of
said Walts and wife, the second year, to Charles River, and twenty-five
acres for the adventure, the second year, of the said Davis to Charles
River.
The •* adventure" refers to the bounty in land offered those who
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308 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
would settle on Charles (now York) river, then a frontier of the Colony.
See grant to John Chew, July 6, 1636, reciting an order of Council of
October 8, 1630 (th if, Magazine V, 341-342). Queens Creek flows into
York River not far from Williamsburg. — Ed.]
Richard Phillips of the City of Bristol, Marriner. being
bound to Sea. Will 3 January 1703-4 proved 20 December 1704.
One half of my goods and personal estate to the children of my
uncle John Phillips in Virginia equally between them, and the
other half to Hannah Cockayne, Spinster, daughter of Thomas
Cockayne of the said City, victualler. Executor : Jeoffry Peniell
of said City, Linnendrapen, Witnesses ; Margaret Lewis, J.
Freke.
Ash, 239.
[ There was a John Phillips, of Lancaster county, who may have been
the uncle referred to. On January f, 1652, he was made Clerk of the
county, and at the same time, commissioned Sheriff, "because the
county was then in its infancy, and could not afford a subsistence."
The County Court was held in his house in August, 165:3. No doubt,
the records of Lancaster county could give more details in regard to
him, and as to his children, if he left any. The records of this old county
are quite complete, and the files of vellum bound books is unbroken ;
but the county authorities deserve severe condemnation for leaving these
most valuable records in a room with a brick floor and without fire,
where it is so damp that they have very perceptibly faded within the past
few years.
John Phillips, referred to, had the following grants :
( I ) John Phillips, 240 acres on the north of Rappahannock, adjoining
the land of George Eaton, March 2, 1652 ; (2) John Phillips, 100 acres
in the county of Lancaster on Powells Creek, March 3, 1652 ; (3) Mrs.
John Phillips, 400 acres in the county of Lancaster on the north of Rap-
pahannock at the head of a dividend, form-rlv surveyed for Captain Dan-
iel Gookins, by ** the side of a mountain" [this probably means a
hill], and on the west bank of Cassatawomen river, July 13, 1653 ; (4)
John Phillips, 250 acres in Lancaster north of Rappahannock, fuly 13,
1653 ; (5) John Phillips, 100 acres in Lancaster north of Rappahannock,
adjoining his own land and that of Kvan Griftith, July 13, 1653 • i^) John
Phillips, 200 acres in Lancaster on south of Rappahannock, and on
** Barham or Burnham Creek or Sunderland," lying at the head of a
dividend of 200 acres in the possession of Edward Boswell, and adjoin-
ing the land of Evan Davy and Den. Conier, September 3, 1653 *. (7)
John Phillips, 200 acres in Lancaster, south of Rappahannock at the
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 309
head of 300 acres surveyed for Mr. David Fox, and adjoining the land of
Thomas Browne, Oliver Carvrr and Mr. Richard Parrett, September 2,
1652 ; (8) John Phillips and John Batt*?, 500 acres on the north side of
the freshes of Rappahannock in Lancaster county, about 14 miles above
the " NanzemunTowne," adjoining 100 acres surveyed for John Weyre,
September 7, 1654 ; (9) John Phillips, 300 acres on a branch of Occu-
pason Cretrk and on a creek called VVassanasson, said land formerly
granted by patent to Richard Colem.\n, January 11, 1652, and by him re-
linquished and now granted to Phillips, June 14, 1655; (10) Thomas
Meads and John Phillips, rooo acres on the south side of the freshes of
Rappahannock, opposite a tract of 1400 acres surveyed for Richard
Coleman, September 7, 1654; (11) John Weyre, John Gillet. Andrew
Gilson and John Phillips, 4000 acres on the south side of the freshes of
Rappahannock, about twelve miles above Nanzemun town, and on
\Ve>re*s creek, September 7, 1654; (12) Sarah Pnillipsand Lr. Col. Moore
Fauntleroy, 250 acres in Lancaster on the north of Rappahannock, due
them by virtue of letters of administration on the estate of Mr. John
Phillips, deceased and formerly granted to him July 13, 1653, now re-
granted January 5, 1656.— Ed.]
Edward Chandler of Ware, County Hertford, Draper.
Wills May 1650 ; proved 24 April 1657. To my wife Elizabeth
Chandler my houses in Ware, one wherein I now life, the one
purchased of Will Beecke of London, Linnen Draper, the other
of John Geates, Bricklayer, of Hunsden, for life, and after her
decease to my son Edward Chandler, failing him, to my son
John, failing him to my son Noah. To my said wife houses in
Hartford and Buchery Green, lately purchased of Will Beeke
and John Brett, Linen Draper, of London, and after her deathe
to my son Edward. To my son John Chandler house in Drad
Lane in tenure of Edward Gillett, bought of William Burchett
and Thomasine his wife, and ;/^20. To my son Noah the Barne
and garden in Drad lane, which I bought of Mr. Will Love,
and two closes in Annoell March, bought of Elizabeth Challis,
widow, sometime the wife of Nicholas Slater. To my daughter
Susan Chandler j^8o. To my daughter Mary Holly 40s. To my
son Danial Chandler ;^io to be paid him or sent over in com-
modities to Virginia and to my daughter Sara Chandler, now in
Virginia, ;{^5. To my youngest daughter Rebecca ;/^30. To my
daughter Martha j^20. Household stuff to my wife for life, and
after her decease to my children, Susan, Martha, Rebecca,
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310 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Edward, Job, and Noah. To my son Edward all debts owing
me, the wares in my shops at Hartford and Ware, my maults in
the Mault Lought and barley Lought, and all my money in the
house except £60 which my wife is to have, and he to pay her
;^2o of the payment of ;^8o to my daughter Susan. Executors :
Elizabeth my wife and Edwarde my sonne. Witnesses : William
Love, Mary Randall.
Grey, 63.
John Seward of Bristoll, Merchant ( being bound to sea ).
Will 16 September 1650; proved 23 May 1651. To my youngest
daughter Rebecca Seward ;^300. To my second daughter Mary
Seward ;^250. To my eldest daughter Sarah Seward ^250,
and to my wife's daughter ( by her former husband) Brigitt
Eyton ;^50. all when 21 or married. To my eldest son John
Seward ;/^2oo when 21. To my son James Seward ;{^25o when
21. If any die, their shares to go to survivors. My farm in
Butcombe, county Somerset, to my wife during widowhood, and
after her decease to my son John, he to pay ;^20 yearly to my
son James. The house I now dwell in situate in parish of St.
Leonard, Bristol, bought of Mr. John Griffith of Winterbourne,
clerke, to my wife, and after her decease to my son James.
Lands at Bevington and Baddington, County Somerset, held by
lease from Mr. Bamfield, to my said daughter Sara. My plan-
tation called Levenecke (1350 acres), Isle of Wight County, Vir-
ginia, to my son John. My Plantation called Blackwater in said
County (1600 acres) to my son James. All horses, servants, mer-
chandize in Virginia to my said two sons. To the poor of St.
Thomas in Bristol 50s. To the poor of Redcliffe 50s. All the rest
to my executrix, my wife. Overseers : William Carey of London,
mch't., Francis Yeoman of Bristow, gent Walter Stephens the
younger of Bristoll, Mercer. Witnesses : Francis Yeoman, Not.
Public, Matthew Wolfe, Den. Long, John Hellier.
Grey, 98.
[See this Magazine X, 406.!
Edward PoRTEOUS. Will 23 February 16934: proved 24
October 1700. To the poor of Petsoe Parish where I now live
£S. To Mary Cox and her children all the debt her deceased
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IX ENGLAND. 311
husband owed me and ;^4 more. To George Major, Senior, £s-
To James Murr two cowes, to his sister Rachell two cowes and £^.
To the poor of Newbottle parish in Scotland where my fathers
estate is /^S to be remitted to my friend Mr. James Fowlis in
London, and by him to be sent to my sisters for distribution.
To William Allen one cow. To John Gardner and his wife one
cow, and to Nathaniel Mills a cow and a calfe. To Mr. Thomas
Buckner and his wife ;^io. To Mr. David Alexander and his
wife ;^io. To my sister Mary, wife of Mr. Thomas Lowny, ;^2o.
To my sister Isabell £2^. To my sister Elizabeth ;^20. To
my sister Christian ^{^25. To my wife my horse Jack, silver
Tankard, and Caudle Cupp, and household stuff, and the time
that my Eng^lish Servant Betty hath to serve, and my negfro girl
Cumbo. My estate not to be valued, but my wife to have one
third, the rest to my son Robert. My property and estate in
Virginia to my son Robert and his heirs, /^iC^ out of ;^20 that
was my Brother John's to be sent to Mr. James Fowlis for the
use of my said sisters; if he is dead, to Jeffery Jefferies, to whom
I give 20s. My fathers estate in Newbottle, Scotland, incum-
bered with debt and in the arangement of my brother in law
Thomas Lowny, said estate to be redeemed for my son Robert.
The produce of my plantations to be sent to England every
year. Executor: Captain John Smith, to whom ^^9 and 20s. to
his Lady. Witnesses: Sarah Buckner, Richard Bradshaw.
Noel, 107.
[ Edward Porteus was living: in Gloucester Co inty, Virginia, in 16S1,
where he was a vestryman of Petsworth (comm')nly called Petsoe) parish.
In 1693 the Governor included him in a list of " gentlemen of estate and
standing suitable for appointment to the Council," wliich he sent to
England. Edward Porteus was, however, not one of those appointed.
He married the *' Relirt of Robert Lee," who left ^7 to the poor of the
parish. "Violet Banks, on York River and Poropotank Creek, is the
modern name of the house of Hdward Porteus, the emigrant. It is an
old square brick building, two stories and a half, with four rooms to the
floor. Though abandoned, it still reJains the fine panelling and interior
carving of the long past." {U'i//iam and Man' Quarterly, III, 58-59.^
His tomb, on which the inscription is not entirely legible, remains at
this place. It is :
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312 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
'* Here lies the Body of Edward Porteus
ofPetsworih Parish, Gloucester County,
Merchant, Departed this life the * * *
169* in the ♦*^* Year of his Age,
leaving only Sir Robert to
Succeed him."
(William and Mary Quarterly^ III, 28.)
The son Robert Porteus, born 1679, died Augusts, 1758, lived at "New
Bottle," now called ** Concord," in Gloucester. Hodgson, in his life of
Bishop Porteus, says that the Bishbp had **a singular picture which,
though not in the best style of coloring, was yet thought valuable by
Sir Joshua Reynolds as a specimen of the extent to which the art of
paintings had at that time reached in America, and he himself very
highly praised it as exhibiting a faithful and interesting representation of
his father's residence."
Robert Porteus was appointed to the Council in 1713, and remained a
member of that body until he removtd to England sometime between
1725 and 1730. He settled in the city of York, and afterwards at Ripon.
To the latter place he was probably led by the fact that his wife was
Elizabeth (died Januar>' 20, 1754, aged 80, buried at St. Martins, Coney
street, York), daughter of Edmund Jenings of " Ripon Hall," Virginia,
and formerly of kipon, Yorkshire.
In Ripon Cathedral, on the wall of the south aisle of the choir, is a
mural tablet with the following inscription :
"Near this Place
Are detx)sited the Remains
Of Robert Porteus, Esquire,
A Native of Virginia, and a Member of His Majesty's Council,
Or Upper House of Legislature in that Province,
From thence he removed to England,
And resided first at York, afterwards at this Town,
Where he died August 8, 1758,
Aged 79 years."
Robert Porteus was the father of Beilby Porteus, born at York May 8,
1 73 1, died May 14, 1808, successively Bishop of Chester and London.
Ed.]
(to be continued)
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CARRIAGE OWNERS, GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 313
CARRIAGE OWNERS, GLOUCESTER
COUNTY, 1784.
Communicated by Edward Wilson James.
[From ** List of taxable property within the District of Mor-
gan Tomkies, Commissioner in the county of Gloucester, the
year 1794.'* **Copy C. Pryor, D. C. C.** The chair had two
wheels, the post chaise, phaeton and stage wagon four wheels
each.]
Ambrose Anderson, i Chair.
Matt Anderson, Post Chaise and i Chair.
John Avery, Est., i Chair.
Susan Bentley, i Chair.
James Baytop, i Post Chaise.
Will Brooking, i Chair.
Lewis Bur well. Post Chaise.
John Boswell, Chair.
Thomas Boswell, Chair.
Thomas Booth, Post Chaise. '
William Booth, Chair.
William Camp Jr., Chair.
John Catlett, Stage Waggon.
Thomas Cooke, Stage Wagon.
Joseph Cluverius, Stage Wagon.
Samuel Cary, Chair, Stage Wagon.
James Collier, Chair, Stage Wagon.
William Duvall, Chair.
Ann Debnam, Chair.
John Eanse, Chair.
John Ellis, Post Chaise.
James Fontaine, Post Chaise.
Stephen Fields, Chair.
John Fox, Phaeton.
Ann Fost. Post Chaise.
Christopher Garland, Chair.
Hannah Hobday, Chair.
Wm. Hall, Post Chaise.
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314 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Francis Hall, Chair.
John Hughes, Chair.
Jasper Hughes, Chair.
Nicholas Hewlett, Chair.
John Jones, Chair.
Matthew Kemp, Chair.
John Kemp, Chair.
Benj'n Keiningham, Chair.
James Lewis, Est., Post Chaise.
Addesson Lewis, i Phaeton — i Chair.
Warner Lewis, i Coachee — i Chair.
Richard Leigh, Chair.
Wm. Marshall, Post Chaise.
James Mitchell, Chair.
Jno. Nicholson, Chair.
John Page, i Coach — i Chair.
Mann Page, Phaeton.
Christo'r Pryor, Phaeton.
Will Robins, Stage Wagon.
Will Robins, Jr., Chair.
Ann Ranson, Chair.
John Sea well, i Post Chaise — i Chair.
Will Thornton, Chair.
Morgan Tc»mkies, Stage Wagon.
Robert Thruston, Chair.
Charles Tomkies, Chair.
Philip Tabb, Coachchee — Chair.
. War. Throckmorton, Est., Post Chaise.
James Wiatt, Jr., Chair.
Wm. E. Wiatt, Phaeton.
James Wiatt, Chair.
Thomas Wright, Chair.
Nat Wallington, Chair.
Francis Whiting, Chair.
Thomas J. Whiting, i Post Chaise — i Chair.
Thomas Whiting, Stage Wagon.
Francis Willis, Coach — Chair.
Peter B. Whiting, Post Chaise— Chair.
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HUNGARS CHURCH. 315
HUNGARS CHURCH, NORTHAMPTON
COUNTY, VA.
Surrounded and concealed by a body of pine woods in the
midst of an ancient grove of sycamores some seven miles north
of Eastville is old Hungars Episcopal Church. It is beautifully
located on the north side of Hungars creek at the head of navi-
gation for small craft, and near by is the old village of Bridge-
town at which in the early years of the settlement the courts
were held4
Hungars Church is one of the oldest church edifices in the
State, and has been in use for over two hundred years, for the
tradition is that it was built about 1690 to '95, and there are
evidences that this is the actual fact, though the exact record is
unfortunately lost.'
Hungars parish was made soon after the county was estab-
lished and the first minister was Rev. Wm. Cotton, and the first
vestry was appointed in 1635. The following is the order made
at that time :
'*At a court holden in Accawmacke the 14th day of Sept.
1635 j'* (Northampton being then called Accomack.)
'* At this court Mr. VVm. Cotton, minister, presented an order
of the court from James Citty, for the building of a Parsonage
house upon the Glebe land which is by this board referred to be
ordered by the vestry and because there have heretofore been
no formal vestry nor vestrymen appointed, we have from this,
present day appointed to be vestrynien these whose names are
underwritten :
Wm. Cotton minister, Capt. Thomas Graves, Mr. Obedience
Robins, Mr. John Howe, Mr. Wm. Stone, Mr. Burdett, Mr.
Wm. Andrews, Mr. John Wilkins, Mr. Alex. Mountjoy, Mr.
Edw. Drew, Mr. Wm. Beniman, Mr. Stephen Charlton.
And further we do order that the first meeting of the syd.
vestrymen shall be upon the feast day of St. Michael the Arch-
Angel, being the 29th day of September."
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316 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
In accordance with that order of the court the vestry meeting
was held and record entered of the same as follows:
**A vestry heald, 29th day of Sept. 1635.
Present
Capt. Thomas Graves, Mr. John Howe, Mr. Edward Drew-
Mr. Obedience Robins, Mr. Alex. Mountjoy, Mr. Wm. Burdett,
Mr. Wm. Andrews, Mr. Wm. Stone. Mr. Wm. Beniman.*'
At this meeting an order was made providing for building the
parsonage house.
At one time there were two parishes, the upper or Hungars,
and the lower. In 1691 the parishes were united as will be noted
in the order following, entered in the old records in the clerk's
office :
*'Atta council held att James City, Apr. the 21st. 1691.
Present
The Rt. Hono'ble Francis Nicholson Esq. Lt. Gov. &. coun-
cil.
*' Major John Robins and Mr. Thomas Harmonson, Burgesses
of the County of Northampton, on behalf of the County, by
their petition setting forth that the said county is one of the
smallest in the colony, doth consist of a small number of titha-
bles, and is divided in two parishes, by reason whereof the Inhab-
itatns of both parishes are soe burdened that they are not able
decently to maintain a minister in each parish and therefore
prayed the said parishes might be joyned in one and goe by the
name of Hungars parish, not being desirous to infringe any gift
given to Hungars parish, and more especially one by the last
will of Stephen Charlton, which parishes soe joined will not only
be satisfactory to the inhabitants but make them capable to build
a decent church and maintain an able divine; On consideration
whereof Itt is the opinion of this board and accordingly ordered
that the whole County of Northampton be from hence- forth one
parish and goe by the name of Hungars Parish, and that the
same shall be noe prejudice to the gift of the aforesaid Charlton
to the said parish of Hungars and it is further ordered that the
Inhabitants of the sd. parish shall meet at such time and place
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HUNGARS CHURCH. 317
as the court of the said county shall appoint and make choice
of a vestry according to law. Cop. vera, test, W. Edwards,
cl. cou.**
Then, in acordance with the appointment of the court, at a
meeting of the inhabitants of the said county of Northampton,
at the court house thereof the 22nd day of June, 1691, the fol-
lowing vestrymen were elected :
Major John Robins, Capt. Custis. Capt. Foxcroft, John Shep-
heard, Benj. Stratton, Priece Davis, Benjamin Nottingham, John
Powell, Jacob Johnson, Thomas Eyre. John Stoakley, Michael
Dickson. It was evidently soon after this step was taken that
the Hungars church building was erected.
The church in lower Northampton was perhaps older than
Hungars. It was situated in what is locally known as the Ma-
gothy Bay section and on the old Arlington estate. Unfortu-
nately it was allowed to go to decay and in 1824 the walls and
some of the material was sold. Nothing but the foundation is
now left to mark the spot. The communion set, now used in
Christ Church, Eastville, was a '* gift of John Custis of W"burgh
to the lower church of Hungars Parish, 741,'* according to the
inscription. The plate now used in Christ Church is inscribed
**Ex dono Francis Nicholson," Lt. Gov. 1690-2, and again
later.
Christ Church, Eastville, was erected as near as can be stated
in 1826 or 7.
Old Hungars Church became untenable in 1 850 so as to be unfit
for holding services.
It was repaired in 1851 and reduced somewhat in size but
practically unchanged in general appearances from its original
style. It is an interesting landmark that has stood like a beacon
light to many generations.
Thos. B. Robertson.
Eastville, Va.
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318 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
GENEALOGY.
THE BRENT FAMILY.
Compiled by \V. B. Chilton, Washington, D. C.
(continued.)
The Brent Family of Charing.
It will be noticed in the foregoing account, that Sir Robert de Brent
who married Claricia, daughter and heir of Sir Adam de la Ford, had
a second son John, who settled at Charing in Kent, and was the ances-
tor of a family which continued there for many generations.
The account given of this branch of the family in Hasted's history of
Kent is quoted in full in the following pages, and a few wills and records
of administrations have been inserted :
The History of Kent.
(1367.)*
Wickifis is a manor in the Southern part of this parish, adjoining to
Wesiwelly in which part of the lands of it lie. It was originally the
patrimony of the family of Brent* and was their most antient seat.
RobertDrent, the first of this name mentioned in their pedigree, lived in
the reign of K. Edward II, and is styled of Charing ^ as were his several
descendants afterwards,! ""e of whom, llit/iatn, son of Hugh
Brent, married y////fl«a, relict of Thomas PauHsherst^ of this parish, by
whom he inherited the Manor of Pevington, and other estates near this
place. t He died anno 27 Henry VI, leaving issue a Son Hugh Brent^
who WHS of Charing^ and had issue four Sons, of whom Wit/iam Brent,
Esq. the eldest, inherited this Manor, and resided at it ; and Robert, the
.second Son of U i/sborough, an ancestor of the Brents uf that place.
♦Weover says. p. 294. They were branched out of the anlient slock of Brent in the
CO. of Somrrst'l . of whom Sir /\oht'tt df lUnit was a Bartm of I*'ArliauietU in the reign
of K. Kdward 1,(12721. When the church here was hurned in i.v^o, the windows and
gravestones, in which this family was noticed were mostly defaced ; but on the outside
of the behry. the w^rer, being the arms of Huiih lirrnt, Esq., yet remains.
tPhilipott, p. loi, says that Jn/tn.Si^u of Rohrrt Bttrnt. Son of the above Kobert,
paid aid in the 20th year of K. ICdward HI f 1327), for hi^ lands here ; hut I find no men-
tion of it in the Book of Aid.
JShe was the daughter of John Gabion of the co. of Kssex, by his wife At/wbilia,
daughter of John Ptvingion, of Pninuton and heir to her two brothers
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GENEALOGY. 819
*At length his great-grand son Thofnas Brent^ Esq., succeeding to
this Manor, resided at it till the 12th year of Q. Elizabeth, when becom-
ing heir to Wilshorou^h, by the devise of his kinsman Robert Brent, of
that place, who died without issue, he removed thither, where he died
•likewise without issue in 1612, and was buried there. By his last will
he bequeathed his manor or tenement called IVickins Device and Cap-
<ron8 in Charing and Westwelh and all the lands and appurtenances
.thereto belonging, to his nephew Christopher Dering^ of Charing who
then occupied them. He was the fifth and youngest son of John Dering
of Surrenden- Dering, Esq ; by Margaret, sister of the above-mentioned
Thomas Brent* and married Mildred, daughter of Francis Swann, of
Wye, gent, by whom he had several children, of whom the eldest,
John Dering, was of X^ickins gent, as was his eldest son Christopher
Dering, gent.
Wills.
( P. C. C. Vox 32.) (Latin )
The will of William Brent of Charrynge, dated 21 December, 1495.
I bequeath my body to be buried in the parish church of SS. Peter
and Paul of Charrying, next the tomb of Roger Rey, if there be room.
I be<ieath to the high altar there, for my tithes forgotten 5s; and i2d.
each to each of the lights in the church,
To my daughter Anne, wife of Edmund Millys, 13s. 4d.
To John, Edward, William and Margaret, children of the said Ed-
mund and Anne, 68. 8d. apiece.
To Elizabeth Wombwell, my daughter 138. 4d. ; to John Wombwell,
son of John Wombwell and the said Elizabeth 6s. 8d.
^John was the third Son whose will is in the Prerog. off. Cant, proved anno 1501, by
which he ordered his body to be buried in the new chapel of St. Mary in this church, in
which no burial had then been ; rind Thomas the fourth Son, was L. L. D. lyiiiiatn Brent
the eldest brother made his last will an. 10 Hen. Vll. (1505); he left his widow Amy sur-
viving, whose will, proved anno 1516, is in the Prerog. off. Cant, by which it seems she
was buried in the chapel of our Lady, of her own Edification, in this church. 1 heir son
Thomas possessed this manor and resided here. He died anno 20 Henry VII, (1505) as
did their son John about the 2nd and 3rd year of Philip and Mary, (1556) leaving by Anne
his wife. dau. anci coheir of Thomas Berkeley, two sons and two daughters, viz. William
who died without issue, and Thomas, who succeeded to this Manor ; Margaret, married
first to John Dt^ring;, of Surrenden- Dering , Esq ; remarried to More, and Amy, to IV il-
Ham Crispe, Lieut, of Dover Cast'e. John Brent, Esq : above- mentioiictl, feasted K.
Henry VIII, in this house, as he passed this way towards his then intended siege of Bul-
ierin, Weever, p. 29s, who further says, that the hall-window of this seat was full stored
with the badges of K. luiward IV, in everj <juarry of glass.
*Aft/honv Dering, Estj. the second son of John Dering, Esq. by Margaret Brent,
was likewise of Charing, where he possessed lands l)y the device of Thomas Brent, of
Willesborough, Es<i ; who died in 161 2. His eldest son Finch Dering. of Charing^ after-
wards died fKJSsessed of them in 1625, and was succce<led by his eldest son Mr. Brent
Dering, who (1625-49), lived here in the reign of K. Charles I.
From The History- of Kent, by Edward Hasted-Canterbury 1790 Vol. Ill, p. 214.
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320 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
To Margaret, my daughter, 4oli. to her marriage.
I will that my Chaplain, William Fitz James, shall continue to cele-
brate for my soul.
Also that my exors shall provide 10s. yearly out of a meadow called
Broktonysmede, to be received by the occupants of my mansion in
Charryng, to keep my anniversary in the church of Charryng.
The residue of my goods I give to Anne my wife, to Thomas Brent
L. L. D., and John Brent my brothers, and William Brent my nephew,
whom I ordain my exors.
Witnesses: Robert Rowe, my brother, Roger Pende, and John
Duke.
Proved 19th Feb. 1495-6 by master Thomas Brent and John Brent,
with power reserved, &c.
The last will of the said William Brent. ( Ibid. fol. 34.)
I bequeath all my lands, <&c. in Charrying, Perevington, Smerden,
Boughton. Materbe, Challoke, Kenyngton, Wyllysbergh, Henxsell
Lymme,Wy & Boughton Allhof! to John, Lord Fyneux. Thos. Brent,
clerk, John Nethersole. Christopher Elenden, John Anger, John Duke
and Roger Pende. in trust to the uses of my will.
I give my dwelling house in Charing to my wife Anne till my son
John comes to the age of 22 ; & then he shall suffer his mother to have
all the chambers my Lady.Moile had with the parlours under the same.
If my son John die, before that age, then my son Thomas shall do the
same ; and if Thomas die, then my son Roger.
The manor and advowson of Perevington shall remain to my son
Thomas after my wife's death ; and the manor of Rippell Wicheley and
Halsicke to my son Roger.
Note. — This Wlliam Brent was the second son of William Brent and
Juliana relict of Thomas Paunsherst.
(P. C. C. Doggett 2.) (Latin)
The will of Robert Brent
Dated 30 Oct. 1491 Proved a Dec. 1491.
I bequeath my body to be buried in the church of S. Thomas the
Martyr of Aeon London.
I give to the parish church of Alyngton* one missal, one portuous
and one vestment provided the Rector and parishioners pray for my
soul.
I will that all my ^oods now in the castle of Alyngton shall be divided
♦From Villarc Cantianum-Phillipot-AIlington in the Hundred of Larkfield was in
possession of the family of Brent in the beginning of the reign of Edward IV (1461). In
the eight year of Henry VII (1493)1 John Brent passed the manor and castle of Allington
to Sir Henry Wiat.
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GENEALOGY. 321
into three equal parts, whereof I give one part to my wife, and one part
to my executors, to dispose for my soul and the third for the payment
of my debts. I will that my son shall have my lands at Willesbrugh
charged with an annuity of 20 marks to my wife.
I will that my daughter Ellen shall have one manor called" le More "
with the lands thereto adjacent.
Item, that Hylham and all the lands I bought of Elys shall remain to
my son William Brent that he may pay my debts if my other goods do
not suffice, and that he may help his sister Ellen.
I will that a priest shall celebrate for the soul of Margaret Brownyng
at Chyltham for half a year; and that her daughter Joan Elys shall have
the lands called Hookes, unless my son can make some other arrange-
ments with her.
The residue of my goods I bequeath to my executors Robert Rowe
& my son William Brent ; and I make Thomas Brent, clerk, overseer
of this my will.
Proved 2 December 1491 by the executors named.
Note.— Robert Brent the maker of the foregoing will, was the son
of Hugh Brent and the nephew of Wm. Brent, the maker of the will
immediately preceding:.
(P. C. C. Blamyr.v)*
The will of Agnes Drakes, widow, late the wife of Richard Drakes.
Dated in the feast of St. I^wrence, 1500.
I bequeath my body to be buried in the chapel of St. Anne in the
parish church of St. Aunteyn in London, beside the sepulture of Richard
Brent, my ist husband.
I give to the high altars of St. Bartholomew the Little in London, and
of the parish church of Bekynham in Kent, 20s. each
To each of the 4 orders of friars in London los. each.
I will an honest priest shall sing for the soul of Richard Drakes, my
late husband, for 20 years, according to his will, and for the souls of
Richard Brent, my first husband, and my father and mother, in the church
of St. Antenye aforesaid. I will that there will be given to the poor in
alma in conveying my body to London, 4.//.
I give to Edmund Brogreve, priest, my brother 10//.
To the house of friars of Hicchon. 6li 138. 4d.
To Frier John Plumer of the same house 408.
To Agnes Plumer, mother of the said John, 20s.
To Ann Brogreve, daughter of William Brogreve, 40s.
To Sir William Derrant, frior of the said place of Hicchen 208.
• ThU will is probably that of the widow of one of the Brents of Charing. Her hus-
band, Richard Brent, is not named, however, in the published accounts.
7
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322 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
To Nicholas Brogreve, and Alice Brogreve, my sister, all my manors,
lands and tenements, that be freehold by deed or copy-hold in the town
of Hicchon, VValden, Preston, Poletts, Ikilford, and VVymondlev, in the
counties of Hertford and Bedford, to hold to them and their heirs, to
be divided equally between the said Nicholas and his sister, to whom I
give the residue of my goods, to pray for my soul, making them my
exors & Master Thomas Brent, doctor in the law, my supervisor.
Witnesses: — John Garter, Richard Dawes, Thomas Lorkyn, John
Aldey and Richard Aldey.
Proved 24 Sept. 1501 by the exors named.
The following interesting description of Charing Church is transcribed
from a paper by John Sayer, Esq., of Pett Place, Charing.
[ Large parts of this account have been necessarily omitled from con-
siderations of space.]
Charing Chtrch.
By John Sayer of Pett Place Esq.
The name of this parish used to be pronounced Char-ing. or the Mar-
ket Place. When had Charing first a church.^ None is mentioned in
Domesday Book, but 1 think there must have been a chunrh here prior
to the Norman Conquest and long prior to any distinguishable portion
of the present edifice. A reference to the church of Charing, with its
chapel (meaning Egerton) is found in the Taxation of Pope Nicholas
A. D. 1291.
In the Parish Church the oldest visible marks of date will be found
in two lancet windows ; one in the nortli wall of the nave, and another
(with a slightly diflferent heading 1 in the north wall of the clianctl.
There are also remains, now covered vviih pLister, of an early English
string-course, running just below the window sills, along the north and
south wails of the nave and round the n )rth transept.
Guessing from the dnte of these remains, the earliest portion of the
present church may have been erected between A. D. 1220 and A. D.
1250, built perhaps when Henry III was King, and when Stephen
Langton, as Archbishop of Canterbury, resided from time to time in
the adjoining Manor House.
The transepts appear to be of a little later •''.ate, although the string
course before mentioned wis four! in the n.)rth tnnsept; but the
labels above the windows there are in character transitional, between
Early English and Decorated. The south transept has been much
altered.
In tlie chancL-l are three Sedilia of varying height, for the priest, dea-
con, and sub-deacon; here, perhaps occupied by the Archbishop, his
chaplain and cross bearer.
The present sedilia are for the most part a modern restoration by Mr.
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GENEALOGY. 323
Christian, Sir Stephen Glynne, in 1854, called them "three plain rude
sedelia mis-shapen and obtuse.
The windows of the church vary much in character, and indicate in a
marked manner the people's progressive desire for more light ; increas-
ing from the narrow Early English lancet to the Perpendicular window
of unusually large size, to be seen on the north side of the nave below
the transept.
On the south side of the nave is a Decorated reticulated window of
great size, which is very remarkable of its kind. It is square headed,
and is itself nearly a perfect square. The design is ingenious and the
effect good, I believe it to be pure Decorated of about A. D. 1350. In
the north transept there are also reticulated windows, probably of the
same datt;.
The chapel known as the Wicken Chapel, on the south side of the
chancel, deserves particular attention. This is the chapel of St. Mary,
built by Amy Brent, the widow of VVm. Brent, who lived in an interest-
ing old house in this parish called Wickens. She died in the year 1516,
and by her will directed that she should be buried "in the chapel of
Our I^dy of her own edification." John Brent, the brother of Amy
Brent's husband, by his will, proved in 1501, likewise ordered his body
to be buried in the new Chapel of St. Mary, in which no burial then
had been ; so that as to the Wickens chancel there is no question as to
the date of the building being circa A. D. 1499.
Attention should next be directed to the tower, with its fine arch
opening into the nave ; a singularly well proportioned example of what
have been called Kentish towers, and having angle buttresses of a re-
markable character, the face of each buttress being formed anglewise.
The porch plainly appears to have been built at the same time as the
tower ; both being of good ragstone masonry and of Perpendicular
work. Weever, writing about the year 1592, said : **On the outside of
the belfry do remain carved in stone the badge of Edward IV (being a
rose within the sun beams), and a wivern. being the arms of Hugh
Brent, who in the reign of Edward IV, was the principal founder of this
belfry, which was before of wood."
The tower has a fine west doorway, no doubt intended as the proces-
sional entry for the Archbishop and his attendants ; the porch having
been built for the use of the people, to supersede an older and loftier
doorway, traces of which may be seen above the inner porch door.
Within the porch are the remains of the stoup for holy water, with
a hooded covering, and outside, between the porch and the tower is a
niche intended doubtless for an image or statue, of which however,
there is no vestige. For the fine roofs in both nave and chancel, of dis-
tinctive Elizabethan character, the church is indebted to those parish-
ioners who witnessed the great fire, which happened in the year 1590 ;
respecting which Robert Honywood of Pett, a lineal ancestor of the
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324 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
present owner of Rett Place, who is the writer of this paper, made at
the tlie time following nute in his diary ; " mem.: The parish church of
Charing was burnt upon Tuesday the 4th of Augnst, 1590, and the bells
in the steeple melted with the extremity of the flre : nothing of the
church was left but the bare walls, except the floor over the porch and
the floor ovf r the turret, where the weather-cock doth stand. The fire
chanced by means of a birdinx-piece discharged by one Mr. Dios,
which fired in the shingles ; the day being very hot an»i the same
shingles very dry."
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
THK MALLORV FAMILY.
(co.vtinued)
On account of several errors in printing in the will of William Mallory
given in the October Magazine, page 218, it is reprinted here.
** In Dei nomine Amen. Ego VVillelmus Malliore senior, armiger
Sepeliendum in eccles. S. Petri Ripon coram altare B. Mariae. Opti-
mum animae nominie mortuarii*. Lego [ohannae Filiae meae de reddi-
titibus provenientibus de Hoton iuxta Ripon, et Over Dedinsall C
Marcas. Ad maritagium Magaretae filiae mea, C Marcas. Volo quod
Henricus Malliore Christolorus Malliore, Georgius Malliore and Ricar-
dus Malliore, filii mei, habeant terras pro termino vitae suae ad valen-
cii\m X L marcarum, in villis de Lynton in Craven Brompton Coppid-
hewyk, Granteley, Wynkysley Wodehouse and Hylton Flyghan in com.
Westm. quae sunt de jure & hereditate Dionisiae uxoris mei dicti Wil-
lelmi Malliore. Do et lego monasterio S. Roberti & fratribus suis
pro uno obitu pro anima mea vjs. viij. d. Residuum lego Dionisiae
uxori meae, Christofero Malliore and Johannae sorori ejus, quos facio
executores. Dat 1 May MCCCCLXX ij. Prob 25 April 1475. (Reg.
Test, Ebor. IV 125.")
Sir John had issue:
L William', 11. Robert^ HI. John'.
(•) popular antiquities of great britain. hazlitt— vol. ii,
Pages 199-200
MORTl'ARIKS.
The payment o{ mortuaries is of ^reat antiquity. It was anciently done by leading or
driving a horse or cow, &c., before the corpse of the deceased at his funeral. It was con*
sidtred as a gift left by a man at his death, by way of recompense for all failures in the pay>
ment of tithes and oblations, and called a corse present. It is mentioned in the National
Council of Ensham about the year 1006. (Collier's " Ecelesiast. Histor>'," Vol. I, p. 487.)
Mortuaries were called by our Saxon Ancestors Soul j/ro/, or paymeftt. (Sec a cari-
ous account of them m Dugdale's *' Hist, of Warwickshire," ist edit., p. 679. Sec also,
Cowel's "Interpreter in vocr," and Selden's '* History of Tithes," p. 287,) " Offeringtx
at Hutialles " are in a list of " Grosse Poyntes of Poperie, evident to all Men," in ** A
Parte of a Register, condemned," &c. [circa 1593.]
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GENEALOGY. 325
Sir William' Mallory, of Studleyand Hutton, eldest son and heir,
married Joan, daughter of Sir John Constable, of Halsham, by Lora his
wife, daughter of Henry, Lord Fitzhugh, to whom he left !)y will in 1473
the large sum of 500 marks towards her marriage. {Test. Ebor. iii, 279.)
It appears that, in 1475, William Mallory, son and heir of Sir John Mal-
lory, knL, and heir of William Mallory, his grandfather, did service to
the Chapter of Ripon for his lands at Ripon and Hutton Conyers {Ripon
Chapter Act Book, 246-7.) In 1497 Sir William, his wife, and John his
son, became members of the Corpus Christi Guild at York. (From the
evidence as 10 the manor of Washington, already quoted, it appears
that Sir William had a son William, but Glover, who seems to have
perused the family papers, assigns him but one son.)
•• Inq. p. m. Sir Wm. Malory knt,. 4th Nov. 15th Hen. VII [1499] m*
61., taken at York Cast e, 4th Nov. Was seized of the manors of Stud-
ley and HuUon and being so seized, he granted by his Charter the same
to Sir Stephtrn Hamerton, knt.. and his heirs to fulfil his last will. The
said manor of Studley is held for Thomas, Archbishop of York, by
fealty and rent of 20., and is worth annually, ultra reprisasj twenty
marks. The manor of Hutton is held of the Bishop of Durham, by
fealty only, and is worth, ultra reprisas^ ^20. He died 2d July, 14th
Hen. VII [1498] and John Malory is his next heir, aged 26 years and
more."
Sir John** .Mallory, of Studley and Huion, knt., §on and heir, was
four times married First, to .Margaret, daughter of Edmund Thwaittsof
Lund on the Wolds, who mentions her in his will ( Test Ebor IV, 177)
P2sq. Secondly, to Margaret, daughter of Sir Hugh Hastings, of Fen-
wick, CO. York, to whom her father bequeathed, in 1482, 3(X) marks for
her marriage {Test Ebor. Ill, 274). Sir John Mallory's third wife was
Elizabeth, daughter of Reade, of Burkshall in Oxfordshire. The
license for him to marry her in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin at
Studley, is dated Nov. 24th 15 15 \^ Test Ebor. Ill, 368). His fourth wife
was Anne, daughter of Sir Richard York, Mayor of the Staple at Calais
and a rich merchant at York. The license for them to marry, addressed
to the curate of Bra>ton, near Selby, is dated Nov. 29th 1521 {Test
Ebor. Ill, 372). In 1554 Lady Anne Mallory, in compliment to her
father, was made Iree of the city of York.
Sir John Mallory died in 1527-8, and on his decease the following in-
quisition was taken :
*' Inq. p. m. Sir John Malory, taken at Howden,2oth Oct., 20th Hen.
VIII. He was seized in his demsene as of fee, on the day when he died,
of the manors of Studley Magna and Hutton Conyers, as also of 100
acres of arable land, 30 acres of meadow, 50 acres of pasture and 30
acres of wood, in .Studley Magna and Hutton ; also of 10 messuages,
20 acres of arable land, 10 acres of meadow, 100 of moor and 30 of wood
and 1 2d free rent in Grantley, also of 8 burgages in Ripon, Studley, and
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326 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Crantley, and burgages in Ripon held of the Archbishop of York. Hut-
ton held of the manor of Northallerton. The premises in Studley and
Grantley worth /■45.12.8 per ann., and those in Hutton Conyers /"40.
They say also that John Byrtby, of Ripon, Chaplain, was seized in de-
mesne as of fee of a close called Bright Close, in Hutton Conyers, also
of two water corn mills there to the use of one Wm. Mallory, Junior, son
and heir of John Mallory, knt., and of his heirs, and that so seized of
the i2th of Feb. nth Edw. IV(i47i-2),he granted the same to the said
William Mallory, Junior, Johanna then his wife, and the heirs male of
the said William and Johanna. They also say that John Darneton, late
abbot of Fountains, Mr. Wm. Potman, late provost of Beverley, John
Constable, of Halsham, knt., Stephen Hamerton, knt., and Brian Rowth,
esq., were seized in their demesne as of fee of a close called la Bright
in Hutton Conyers and of the New Close there, and of a messuage and
a bovate of arable land there &c., to the use of Wm. Malory, knt., and
being so seized, by indenture dated 20th Dec. 22d Edward IV ( 1482)
they conveyed the same premises to Wm. Malory and Johanna his wife
and their heirs another settlement of the moiety of the manor of Nun-
wick. Other trustees enfeoffed by Sir John, of the manor of Lynton in
Craven, namely Sir George and Anthony Darcy, Roger Lassells, and
Richard Norton, esqrs., to the use of Ann York, daughter of Richard
York, knt, for her life, in satisfaction of dower on any part of the in-
heritance of the said Sir John. The date of the feofft is not given. Sir
John died 23 Mirch 19 Henry VIII (i527-S)and William Malory, esq.,
his son and next heir is now 30 years old and upward."
Sir John^ Mallory had issue :
(By ist M.) I. William*
(By 2d M. ) II. Christopher.® of Tickhill, who married and had an
only son Sampson, who was buried at Ripon, Aug.* 17, 1600. The will
of Sampson'*^ Mallorie, of Ripon Parks, gentleman, was dated i March,
1599-1600, and proved Sept. 27, 1600, He died without issue.
III. Joan', wife of Thomas Slingsby, of Scriven, esq , who was buried
in Knaresborough Church, Sept. 26, 1581.
(By 4th M.) IV. George^ of Tickhill Castle, esq. His will was
dated Nov. 28, 1580, and proved Feb 16, 1580-81. He married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Hugh Wyrrall, of Leversal, and died without issue.
Sir William* Mallory, of Studley and Hutton, knt., eldest .<ion
and heir. He married Jane, daughter of Sir John Norton, of Norton
Conyers, knt., by Margaret, daughter of Sir Roger Ward, of Givendale,
and had issue by her two sons and seven daughters. He was buried at
Ripon. (?)
* Inq, p. m. Wm. Mallory, knt.. taken at York Castle 24th Sept., ist
Edward VI (1547)- He was seized on the day he died in his demesne
as of fee of the manor of Studley Ma^na as held of the king as of his
manor of Ripon by fealty at rent of 38s., and worth per. ann. £40,
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GENEALOGY. 327
Also of lo messuages, a cottage and divers lands and tenements in
Grantley and Winksley held of ihe manor of Ripon by fealty only, and
worth per ann. £S. 18.6; also of 6 messuages and of divtrs closes,
lands, meadows and pastures held of the King's Manor of Ripon by
tealty only, and worth ^^5; also one burgage in Ripon held in socage and
worth 26s. 8d per ann. The manor of Hutton Conyers and divers lands
there, together with 2 messuages and lands at Brompton are held of the
Hishop of Durham, as of his manor of Northallerton, by knight's ser-
vice and are worth yearly /"ro. Also of Manor of Linton in Craven, 5
cottages and divers lands held of the King as of his manor of SpofTorth
by knight's service, viz: by 12th part of one knight's fee, and worth
per ann. ;i"i2.8. For his lifetime he was seized also of a moiety of the
manor of Nunwick and ot divers lands there held of the King as of his
manor of Ripon by service of 6 parts of one knight's fee. and worth
;^?c, and by writing dated 8th June, 33d Hen. VIII (IS^O he granted
the said }4 manor and premises in Nunwick to VV^m. Mallory, his son,
for the term of his life. S;iid \Vm. Mallory [the father] died 27th April
I Kdward VI (1547) and Chr. Mallory, his son and heir, is now aged 22
years and more."
Sir VVillam Mallory left issue:
I. Christopher'^ eldest son and heir, married Margery, daughter of
Sir Christopher Danby, of Thrope Perrow, by Elizabeth, daughter of
Richard, Lord Latimer; but had no issue. He died young, 23d March
^553-4, his brother William Mallory, esq., being found by his /fig. post
Mortum to be his next of kin, then being 23 years of age and more.
II. William''^ heir to his brother.
IIL Margaret married John Conyers, of Katon onUsk, mother of
Christopher Conyers, who married a sister of the celebrated Cardinal
Allen.
IV. Catherine, wife of Sir George Radcliffe, of Cartington and Dils-
ton in Northumberland , Lord of Dervventwater and Lord warden of the
East Marches towards Scotland. He died 31st May, 1588.
V. Anne, wife of Sir William Ingilby, of Ripley, knt. treasurer of
Qerwick-on-Tweed. There is a portrait of him at Ripley Castle, where
he is represented in Armour, richly inlaid with gold, a small ruff around
his neck, short hair and whiskers, and a beard aftei" the fashon of the
day. Lady Ingilby was interred at Ripley, Feb. 20, 1587-8. Her hus-
band died on the 23d of Febuar>'. 1577-8.
VI. Elizabeth, married first Sir Robert Stapleton, of Wighhill, knt.,
who died in 1557, and secondly, Marniaduke, second son of Thomas
Slingstby, of Scriven. esq.
VI I. Dorothy married the celebrated Sir George Bowes, of Streatlam
in the county of Durham who so vigorously withstood the Earls of
Northumberland and Westmoreland in the rebellion of 1569; and gar-
risoned and held out Barnard Castle against their united forces for ten
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328 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
days. He was, by special Commission, appointed marshall north of the
Trent, and he certainly executed the office with dreadful sternness and
severity. The marriage articles of Sir George and his wife are dated
7th Oct., 2oth, Henry VIII (1529.) By her(who washis first wife)he had
Sir William Bowes, ambassador to Scotland and treasurer of Berwick.
VIII. P'rances, wife of Ninian Staveley, of Ripon Parks, esq.
IX. Joan, second wife of Nicholas Rudston, of Hayton. esq.
Sir Willia.m'" Mallory, of Studley and Hutton, heir to his brother
Christopher. During the Rising of the North in 1569, he took the side
of the Crown, giving news and advice to the Earl of Sussex. In the
following year he was appointed High Steward ot Ripon, an office which
he seems to have held during the rest of his life {Calendar of State
Papers^ Elizabeth.) In 1585 Sir William was M. P. for Yorkshire. He
was High Sheriff of the county in 1592, and was exceedingly zealous in
the suppression of Popery {Troubles 0/ Our Catholic For ('fathers, 3d
series, pp. 46, 69, 83, 92). In 1575 the Commissioners at York for Ec-
clesiastical Causes requested him and Mr. Ralph Tunstall "to pull
downe the golden tabernacle at Rippon breast lowe and the same to be
employed in repairing the Channcell." In 1577 he, with Mr. Wandes-
ford and Mr. Lister, was directed to see that the churchwardens of
Ripon did their duty. The Reformation had made scant progress in
the Ripon district, and Sir William was very keen in advancing it. He
was an exceedingly active and able person. He married Ursula, daugh-
ter of (leorge Gale, esq., of York, master of the Mint there, and sometime
Lord Mayor of that city. By will, dated 1536, George Gale gave to
his daughter and her husband the ^£"20, which he had lent to Christopher
Mallory, Sir William's brother. In the following year Dame Mary
Gale bequeathed to her daughter Mallory her " tablett of golde,"
and to her goddaughter Jane Mallory her " flowre of golde wythe the
stone in yt, and wythe a iytle chyne ot golde." ( Yorke Registry.)
The following are some extracts from Sir Williams' will which was
proved at York :
"15 June, 28 Elizabeth (1586), W^illiam Mallory of Hutton Conyers,
knight. To George Mallory my sonne one anuitie of £\% out of my
mannor of W^lshington, Co. Durlseme. To Thomas Mallory my sonne
one anuitie of /*I9 out of the same. To Charles my sonne one anuitie
of /"17 out of my lands at Hutton Conyers. To Robert Mallory
my sonne one anuitie of £\1 out of the same. To Francis Mall-
ory my sonne one anuitie of /"17 out of my lands at Great Stodeley.
To Anne Mallory my daughter ^300. To Dorothie Mallory my
daughter twelve score pounds. To Julian Mallory my daughter
/"300, whereof she hath already paid unto her ^50, to remain with
her mother until she be 20, if she marry without her mother's con-
sent she to have but 200 markes, and the other 100 markes to be
paid to Elizabeth Mallory my youngest daughter. To John Mallorie
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BOOK REVIEWS. 829
my Sonne and heir my lease of the tythe of Raynton, Aisentil and
Newby, paying j^io a year to Elizabeth my youngest daughter for
ten years, and for her further advancement I rest in the mercy of God
and her mother's goodness. My wife to have the occupacion of all
my plate, and after her death it to remaine to John my sonne if he
be living, if not to William Mallorie his sonne. The residue to Dame
Ursula my wife andj ohn my sonne, the ex'rs. Prob. 5 April, 1603, and
adm. to John, Dame Ursula being dead. (/^e^. Test. Ebor, XXIX, 3.)
Sir William was buried at Ripon 22nd March, 1602-3.
His issue was very numerous.
(to be continued.)
BOOK REVIEWS.
The History of North America. Volume XVII. The Rise of the
New South. By Philip Alexander Bruce, late Corresponding
Secretary of the Virginia Historical Society, Author of. The Planta-
tion Negro as a Freeman, Economic History of Virginia in the
Seventeenth Century; School History of the United States &c., &c.
Printed for Subscribers only by George Barrie & Sons, Philadelphia
[^905], PP- XX, 491, illustrated.
"The Rise of the New South," is a theme for which Mr. Philip A.
Bruce has peculiar fitness as regards temper, training and identification
with the forces entering into his subject. Reared in the South, some-
time Secretary of the Virginia Historical Seciety, author of "The Eco-
nomic History of Virginia," a man of broad experience, liberal views
and sane judgment, he can speak with authority upon the recent trend
of Southern issues. To a fine historical sense he adds the practical
sagacity of a statesman. His admirable book is destined to exert vital
nfluence upon present-day thought, proving a mine of information as
to economic, social and political conditions in the South since 1876.
While his volume throbs with sympathy with the Southern people in
their tragic and heroic history, it breathes a constructive spirit that must
needs energize all the progressive forces now at work in Southern life.
Mr. Bruce instances seven facts of supreme importance, in which he
finds the kernel of all that the Southern people have accomplished
since the abolition of slavery. These are the subdivision of lands; the
diversification of agriculture; the growth of manufactures; the extension
and consolidation of railroads; the spread of education; the more rapid
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330 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
expansion of the white than the black population; and finally the restric-
tion of the suffrage.
The chapters which Mr. Bruce devotes to literature, social life and
politics in the South are extremely interesting and instructive. While
the volume is too encyclopedic for me to indicate even in outline its
value to the students of conditions in this section, it is proper to point
out the signal ability shown in the discussion of education and its place
in the complex of progressive forces in the South.
" In public instruction, offered without cost to every individual in the
community, of whatever color or condition in life, is to be discovered
the firmest ground of hope for the moral and intellectual improvement
of the Southern people, as well as for the wisest use by them of the
varied natural advantages which Providence has bestowed upon their
region of country almost without stint. There are many persons in the
Southern States to-day who have fully grasped the relation that public
education is to bear to the general development of these States in the
future. * ♦ * One of the most promising features of its contempo-
rary growth is the number of men of great capacity who are giving the
full force of their talents and training to the cause of Southern Educa_
tion, with the keenest sense of the exalted character of their profession
and with the justest appreciation of its relation to the general progress
of the South. * * * It is on these teachers chiefly that, for many
years to come, the masses must rely for that general advancement in
information which will enable them to form a correct judgment in decid-
ing all questions affecting their nearest interests. It is not going too far
to say that, as a body, the teachers in the different Southern institutions
are the most important agents for the general improvement of the whole
community to be found in that part of the Union."
He declares that these men have looked beyond the ordinary objects
of general education to the supreme object of restoring through it the
Southern States? to their former commanding power and influence in the
Union.
S. C. Mitchell, Richmond College.
JOITRNALS OF THE HoUSE OF BURGESSES OF ViRGINLV, I773-I776,
laclulinjj the Records of the Committee of Correspondence, Ed-
ited by John Pendleton Kennedy [Colonial Seal of Virginia]. Rich-
mond, Virginia. M. C. M. V, 500 copies printed from type. Pub-
lished by authority of the Library Board of the Virginia State
Library, pp. xxiii, 301, with index.
All who are interested in the history of Virginia, and, indeed, of the
American Colonies, will give a hearty welcome to this beautiful book,
with which the State of Virginia resumes the publication of its records.
It is published by the authority of the State Library Board, and excel-
lently edited by Mr. John Pendleton, Kennedy, State Librarian. To Mr-
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BOOK REVIEWS. 331
Kennedy is also due the unusually handsome way in which the book is
made. It is probably the best example of such work ever produced in
Virginia.
After careful consideration, the Library Board and the Librarian de-
termined to begin their publication of the records with a series of re-
prints and original publications of the Journal of the House of Burgesses.
No other class of sources of Virginia history has been so much in
demand by students or so difficult to reach as our legislative records of
the Colonial period. The decision of the Board in making this selection
was eminently wise.
After the same mature consideration it was determined to begin pub-
lication with the latest journals, as most important, and work backwards,
obtaining from the English Record Office copies of Manuscript journals
which do not exist here.
The period covered by the present publication, 1773-76, was so criti-
ical a one and so filled with important events, that there are but few
pages of this volume which do not have value to the historian.
The journals of the sessions included in this volume have never be-
fore been printed in full. In the preface the editor refers to three dif-
ferent publications of the journals as a whole or in part ; but there is
one which he appears to have overlooked. In the American Archives^
4th Series, Vol. I. 350-352, is an extract from the proceedings of the
Session of May, 1774, aud Vol. II, 1185-1272, appears to contain the
whole of the journals from the beginning of the session of June to the
end of the Assembly in May, 1776.
The preface contains much matter of value and interest, including
several unpublished proclamations and letters of Dunmore, derived from
the Bancroft-Transcripts and other sources in the Library of Congress,
The annotations are well done and very properly (in the publication o'
a document of this kind and in this manner) only made when necessary
information is to be supplied.
The index is a very good one, and ihe only amendment that can be
suggested is that hereafter there shall be (as is the case in the publi-
cation of the Maryland Archives), a separate index showing the
history of bills and resolutions. The volume includes the proceedings
and correspondence of the Virginia Committee of Correspondence for
the years named.
As illustration, there appears a fac-simile of the last page of the
Journal of the last Colonial legislature with its emphatic Finis, and en-
gravings of the rare Council book-plate and of several Virginia seals-
In manner and matter, in this their initial volume, the Board and the
Librarian have produced a book of high value, and have made a mos
p!V>pitious beginning of a work, which has been so long anxiously looked
forward to by historical students.
The Library has recently obtained from England copies of the jour-
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332 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
nals of 1766 aud 1767 which had been entirely lost sight of, and were
not only not to be found in America, but were not known to be in the
British Public Record Office.
A second volume of Journals will he publishtd in the same beautiful
shape, about March, 1906.
Documentary Historv of Dunmore's War, 1774. Ccmpiled from
the Draper Manuscripts in the Library of the Wisconsin Historical
Society and published at the charge of the VXisconsin Society of the
the Sons of the American Revolution. Edited by Reuben Gold
Thwaites, L. L. D., Secretary of the Society, and Louise Phelps
Kellogg, Ph. D., Editorial Assistant on the Society's Staff.
[Seal of the Society]. Madison, Wisconsin Historical Society, 1905.
pp. xxviii, 472.
The editors say in their valuable introductory '* Lord Dunmore's War
was in a sense a focal point in Western history. Here were gathered in
either wing of the army the men who by dint of daring enterprise had
made their way to the frontier, and had carried American institutions
across the Appalachian barrier * * * From Point Pleasant and
Camp Charlotte they scattered far and wide to fight ihe coming battle
for independence * ♦ * The victory at Point Pleasant opened an
ever lengthening pathway to Western Settlement. Thenceforward new
vigor was infused into the two chief forces of the future century —
American expansion and American Nationalism."
These words emphasize correctly the great importance of the cam-
paign made by the Virginians against the Western Indians in 1774 and
known as '* Dunmore's W^ar."
There has been hardly any important era of our history concerning
which documentary information has been more lacking than that of this
campaign of 1774.
There has been published a considerable amount of matter in regard
to the battle of Point Pleasant, but as regards the war as a whole, and
the operations of the force under Dunmore in particular, we have had
vague and unreliable accounts.
All the remaining documentary history of the period is, practically in
the Draper Collection, and when the Wisconsin Society t^ons of the
American Revolution ollered to defray the cost of publication of a vol-
ume made up from the Historical Society's Collections, they did a most
patriotic and praiseworthy act, which it is hoped will be emulated by
other organizations or by individuals.
The editors state that the volume now published contains only about
half of the material in regard to Dunmore's War which is in the Draper
Collection. It is greatly to be hoped that the rest of the papers on the
subject will appear in print at no distant date.
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BOOK REVIEW. 333
It is needless to say that the editing is learned and illuminating, or to
lay further stress on the obvions importance of this work.
Thb Woods-McAfee Memorial Containing an Account of
John Woods and James McAfee of Ireland and Their De-
scendants In A.MERICA. Copiously illustrated with maps drawn
expres^Iy for this work and embellished with one hundred and fifty
handsomely engraved portraits, scenes, etc. By Rev. Neander M.
Woods, D. p., LL. D.. with an Introduction by Hon. Reuben T.
Durrett A. M. LL. D.,'of Louisville Ky., President of the Filson
Club. In which, besides considerable new matter bearing on Vir-
ginia and Kentucky history, will be found mention of the families
of Adams, Alexander, Arm.strong, Bebee, Boone, Borden, Bowyer,
Bruce, Buchanan, Butler, Caperton, Campbell, Clark, Coates, Craw-
ford, Curry, Daingerfield, Daviess, Dedman, Duncan, Dunn, Durrett,
Forsyih, Foster, Gachet, Gooch, Goodloe, Goodwin, Guthrie, Hale,
Haines, Henderson, Johnston, Lapsley, Macfarlane, Macgowen,
McGoffin, McAfee, McDowell, McKamey, Phillips, Reed, Ricken-
baugh, Rogers, Royster, Shelby, Sampson, Speed, Suddarth, Tay-
lor, Todd, Thompson, Warner, Wade, Walker, Wallace, White,
Williamson, Woods, Word, Wylie, Young and five hundred others
as will be seen by the index. Also some hitherto unpublished docu-
ments which constitute a valuable contribution to the pioneer His-
tory of Virginia and Kentucky. Louisville, Ky. Journal Job Printing
Co., 1905. pp. xiii, 507.
Of all the Scotch-Irish genealogies which have been recently so much
to the fore, this volume is easily the largest and most elaborate. Its
size and contents are well indicated by the title, and the work of prep-
aration and compilation seems to have been done with the care and
thoroughness which should characterize such a work.
It treats primarily of Michael Woods, a native of the north of Ireland
who in 1734. settled close under the Blue Ridge, in Albemarle County,
Virginia; and of James McAfee, also a Scotch-Irishman, who about
1746, settled on Catawba Creek, then in Augusta, and now in Roanoke
County, and of their descendants. No pains have been spared to obtain
as far as possible, the minutest details of the life of the pioneers, who
were winning the great West, and the various lines of their descendants.
as well as of the Wallaces, descended from Michael Woods' sister are
traced with the same fullne.ss and care.
Valuable as the book is, considered as a genealogy, it is of greater
value as a contribution to the history of the settlement of the Western
frontier of Virginia, and of Kentucky. In 17^4, Michael Woods was the
most western resident of what is now Albemarle County. This alone
makes him of interest. The especial claim of the McAfees to eminence in
pioneering history is given in full in the Chapter entitled "Tour of the
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334 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
McAfee Company to Kentucky in the Summer of 1773, and what it
meant for the actual settlement of Kentucky." The McAfees appear to
have attempted the first permanent settlement in " The Dark and Bloody
Ground."
The illustrations from photographs are especially interesting.
They include views of Wood's (now Jarman's) Gap ; the farm of
Michael Woods on James River in Botetourt Co.; Cumberland Gap,
Waseoto Gap, Ky.; McAfee's Spring on Salt River, Ky.; a sketch of
Boone's Trace, near Pineville, Ky.; Kentucky River at the mouth of
Drennon's Creek ; Cumberland Mountain near Cumberland Gap, view
on the Cumberland river, Kentucky river at its mouth, and other places
of note in the early westward movement, and along the route to Ken-
tucky.
A very important and unique feature of The Woods -McAfee Mem-
orial, is the series of maps, specially drawn for the purpose to illustrate
the settlement of the Western portion of Virginia, and early routes to the
West. These are (i) Vicinity of Charlottesville. Va., showing sites of
houses of settlers between that place and the Blue Ridge; (2) Map of
Kentucky, &c., to illustrate the homeward route of the McAfee Com-
pany in August, 1773, and also the routes of the Walker (1750), Gist
(1751) and Boone's Trace; (3) Route of the McAfee Company, July-
Aug., 1773, from Botetourt Co., Va,, to Central Kentucky; (4) Map of
Long Hunters Road. &c., of the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace ;
(5) Portions of Mercer and adjoining counties in Kentucky, illustrating
the route of the McAfee Company; (6) Map of *'The Parting of the
Ways," near Draper's Meadow, Va., with various old roads and trails,
houses, &c.; (7) Map of Southwestern Virginia, Southeastern Kentucky
and Northeastern Tennessee, illustrating various expeditions, routes,
&c., and the settlement of the West, 1750- 1800. These maps greatly
facilitate the study of the history of the frontier.
Dr. Woods and his collaborators have made a valuable addition to
liistory and genealogy.
Sons of the Descendants of Samlel (Converse, Jr., of Thomp-
son Parish, Killingly, Conn. Major James Converse, Woburn,
.Mass ; Hon. Denman Allen, M. C, of .Vlilton and Burlington, Vt. •
Captain Jonathan Bixby, Sr., of Killingly, Conn. Compiled and
Edited by Charles Allen Converse, 2 vols. Eben Pumam, Pub-
lisher, Boston, Mass., pp. xix, 961. Copiously illustrated.
Rarely has there been published a work on American genealogy as
sumptuous and beautiful as this. And what is of much higher impor-
tance the genealogical work contained in these two handsome volumes
shows evidence of the greatest skill and thoroughness. No time nor
money was evidently spared in obtaining all possible information in
regard to the families treated in this book.
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BOOK REVIEWS. 335
It is of much more present importance than a book of ordinary
jfenealogical reference, comprising a dull array of names and dates ;
for the illustrations of American patriotism in it are authoritatively
drawn from actual experience, and are saliently, vitally such as should
be pondered in these changeful, eventful times. Its study is educative.
Its encyclopedic information is of elementary significance for that stu-
dent of American history who would know, and properly estimate, the
spirit of true American life.
Its editoiial construction is dommated by thorough literary culture,
judgment, orderliness, and the possession of a terse, vigorous, attrac-
tive pen. Scattered through its text are pertinent drawings and
portraits. In the regard of rine book craftsmanship it is a model.
Whatever person or library that possesses its rare volumes of nearly a
thousand pages is to be congratulated.
In the Appendix valuable sketches are given of a large number of New
England families connected with the branch of the family to which the
author belongs, including the families of Edgecombe, Hawkes, Smead,
Bates, Belden, VVaite, Nash, Stone, Coleman, Porter, Field, Baldwin,
Prentis, Rogers, Griswold, Wolcott, Gilbert, Lord, Stanton, Underwood,
Bishop, Perkins, Bixby, and numerous quotations from early records
and from authentic printed sources concerning the militar>' and civil
services of nitrmbers of these families, aie incorporated in these sketches.
So great has been the intermarriage of old New England families that
in these j)ages many of the readers of this book will undoubtedly firjd
details concerning maternal ancestors, even if the entire line of descent
does not appear. This section of the book makes it of the utmost value
as a general reference work of New England genealogy. Similar ances-
tral records are inter^•persed throughout the book, whenever informa-
tion regarJing maternal ancestry of members of the family was received.
The general index contains approximately 6,5sX) references to individ-
uals, and the index to marriages over 2,000 names of persons married
to Converses.
'In some instances special research was carrie<l on in England to
obtain the information desired. This was so in the case of the Con-
verse family, the Edgecombe and Stanton families, and in minor
degree of others.
In addition to New England people many Southerners are represented.
The Anckstry op Rosalie Morris Ioiinson, daughter of George
Calvert Murris and Elizabeth Kuhn, his wife. Compiled by R.
Winder Johnson. 1905. Printtrd for private circulation only by
Ferris & Leach, pp. 294.
This volume, which is alike an admirable example of careful and
thorough genealogical work and handsome book-making, is a memorial
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336 VIRGINIA HISTORCIAL MAGAZINE.
to the late wife of the compiler. Mrs. Johnson was descended from
numerous families who from personal worth and public service have
ranked among America's best.
Brown, of Northampton county, Virginia ; Carrington of Barbadoes;
Calvert, of Maryland; the distinguished Pennsylvania families of Franks,
Hamilton, Moore, Morris, Shippen, and Willing are a few of the numer-
ous names treated of. As will be seen from this list, there is much
matter of special interest to Virginians.
Researches have been made in England, Belgium, Holland, Germany,
the West Indies and the United States to obtain the results set forth.
A large number of letters, diaries, etc., give an unusual amount of
human interest to the various genealogical narratives.
History of Nathaniel Evans and his Descendants By James
Daniel Evans of the Philadelphia Bar ;/. p. n. d. [1905] pp. viii, 98,
IV. Illustrated with portraits, arms, etc.
This is a carefully prepared account of Nathaniel Evans, a Welshman,
who settled in South Carolina about 1736, and of his descendants, who
have included a number of people of prominence.
There are also notices, of greater or less extent, of the South Caro-
lina families of Godbold. Gregg, McCoUum, Gary, Witherspoon, etc.,
and of various Virginia families connected with that of Evans.
The book is handsomely pnnted and well illustrated, and is an excel-
lent example of family history. The index is full.
The only criticism to be made in regard to this volume, and one that
might include many others, is the practice of illustrating with engrav-
ings of coats of arms where there is no positive proof that the families
ever used or were entitled to them.
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PROCEEDINGS
Virginia Historical Society
AT ITS
ANNUAL MEETING
HELD IN THE
Y. M. C. A. HALL, JANUARY 4th, 1906
J '^wu,
WITH THE
LIST OF OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.
RICHMOND:
WM. ELLIS JONES, BOOK AND JOB PRINTER.
1906.
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PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
Virginia Historical Society
IN
Annual Meeting heid January ^, igo6.
The annual meeting was held in the Young Men's Christian
Association Hall — a large audience being present.
President W. Gordon McCabe called the meeting to order at
8.15 P. M., and stated that in order to expedite business, unless
there was objection, he would appoint a Nominating Committee,
who would be asked to retire in consultation at once, and to
report after the address of the evening.
He appointed as members of this committee, Messrs. Robert B.
Munford, Jr., Wm. Ellis Jones and W. Clayton Torrence.
The President then read the annual report.
The President's Report.
To the Members of the Virginia Historical Society :
I have the honor to submit the following report, giving
in detail the work of the Society and presenting a precise
statement of its condition as to its finances, membership and
property for the year ending November 12th, 1905 — which
report has been carefully e.xamined, verified and unanimously
approved by your Executive Committee.
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IV VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Membership.
During the current year, the increase in membership has
been most gratifying, our rolls showing 753 members as
against 729 at the time of the last annual report. The usual
average of accessions to membership (from 60 to 65) has been
more than maintained, while our losses through resignation,
death and dropping for persistent non-payment of dues have
fallen from 66 to 47.
This encouraging result amply vindicates the drastic ac-
tion taken by your Executive Committee last year in purging
the rolls of such delinquents as persisted after repeated warnings
in ignoring the courteous reminders of indebtedness sent them
by the Secretary.
But while the great majority of our members have paid
their dues with commendable promptness, there are still some
who, through culpapble carelessness or lack of a becoming
sense of obligation, remain deaf to all appeals.
The Society, as was pointed out in the last report, is
almost entirely dependent for support upon the annual dues of
its members, its expenses for maintaining the SocietyHouse, for
publication, salaries, etc., necessarily heavy, yet these delin-
quents, knowing all this, go on complacently receiving the
valuable publications of the Society, which, they must be quite
aware, are being paid for by their more conscientious fellow-
members.
The Excutive Committee has therefore decided to give
these few delinquents until the 15th of January, 1906, to pay
up their dues, and in the event of their failure to do so to drop
them from the rolls.
Members can, of course, resign at any time, but they must
bear in mind that dues run up to the date of resignation. Such
is the invariable rule in all reputable societies of a kindred
nature. It may be pertinent to mention here, as indicative of
the constantly increasing interest felt in the aims and purposes
of the Society, that of our new members twenty-two sent in
their applications during the last two months.
It is the pleasing duty of your Committee to state that
the finances of the Society are in a tlioroughly sound and satis-
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PROCEEDINGS. V
factory condition, as will be seen from the subjoined report of
our accurate and zealous Treasurer.
Treasurer's Report.
Balance on hand November 12, 1904 $ 264 48
Receipts.
Annual dues 13,052.28
Life members 100 00
Magazines (sales) 197 28
Publications (sales) 79 10
Interest 228 00
Advtfrtisements (in Magazine) 1 12 25
Gift of Byam K. Stevens, Esq 50 00
Miscellaneous sources 1 2 00
3.830 91
4,095 39
Expenditures
General expenses {360 45
Stationery, binding, and new books 55 45
Postage — express and stamps 94 72
Insurance . . 60 00
Printing Magazine, etc 1.035 10
Salaries 1,650 00
Wages 240 00
Permanent fund 455 60
3.951 32
Balance in bank November 1 1, 1905 { 144 07
The Treasurer holds, in addition, on account of the ** Per-
manent Fund " 3 % bank certificate 455 60
Virginia 3 % Century bond 100 00
Mortgage, running 3 years at 5% from May 4, 1904 4,500 00
I5.055 60
It is gratifying to note that our '* Permanent Fund "
has now passed the $5,000 mark, and worthy of mention that with
the exception of $50, given this year by our staunch and gen-
erous friend, Byam K. Stevens, Esq., of New York, and of
$100 given several years ago by the '* Daughters of the Amer-
ican Revolution," no part of our endowment has been derived
from donations. The interest from this "Permanent Fund"
is used for the current expenses of the Society.
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VI VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
The receipts for the current year, as will be seen on com-
paring the above statement with that last submitted, have been
less than in 1904. This has been due in chief measure to the
unusually large loss of members from death in 1904, the effects
of which show, for the first time, in decreased annual dues of this
Report. Another reason is to be found in the fact that during
a limited period of the last year your Committee, with the view of
adding to the ** Permanent Fund," offered special inducements
to secure ** Life Members. " In accordance with the * * bye-laws *'
of the Society, all fees from Life Membership are turned over to the
*' Permanent Fund," and thus this Fund was increased by these
fees several hundred dollars above the normal, which corres-
pondingly swelled the receipts for 1904. The difference in re-
ceipts between this year and last is however materially counter-
balanced by the decrease in expenditures, our disbursements
for 1905 being $267.42 less than in 1904.
Additions to the Library.
The acqui.iitions made by the Library during the year consist
of 1,173 books and pamphlets. Among the donors of books
and objects of historical interest, to whom the Society owes
grateful acknowledgement, may be mentioned: Messrs Philip L.
Schuyler, Chiis. H. Hart, Dunbar Rowland, C. Ellis Stevens,
Prof J. A. C. Chandler, Maryus Jones, Edward Wilson James,
Howard R. Bayne, William Wallace Tooker, Byam K. Stevens,
John Cropper, Ro. B. Munford, Jr., Heth Lorton, W. R. Gerard,
W. G. Stanard, John F. Mayer, Burrows Bros. Co., Hon. Arm-
stead C. Gordon, Judge W. J. Leake. Lt. Col. Jno. P. Nicholson,
Maj. General Wm. Birney, Mrs Julia M. Pratt, Mrs. Margaret
E. Crenshaw, Mrs. C. Hodges, {nee Crenshaw), Mrs. Frank W.
Chamberlayne, Mrs. Phillips, Mrs J. B. Newton, Mrs. J. Jack-
son. Mrs. James Pleasants, Miss Minnie Baughman and Miss
Grace V. Bicknell.
Of special interest and value have been the donations of Mrs.
James Pleasants and Mr. Ro. B. Munford, Jr., both of Rich-
mond, of Edward Wilson James, Esq., of Norfolk, and of Mrs.
Margaret C Hodges of German town. Penn.
Mrs. Pleasants has given us a very large number of the
older English and American Magazines and Reviews, thusenab-
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PROCEEDINGS. Vll
ling US in several instances to complete our sets; and has also
donated an almost complete set of Skinner's rare ** American
Turf Register," besides many other interesting books and
pamphlets.
Messrs. James and Munford have also given substantial
proof of their keen interest in the Society by donations of valu-
able books, while Mrs. Hodges has given us (through Mr. C. A.
Robinson) two bound volumes of the very rare *' Richmond
Argus" (newspaper) for 1809 and 1810.
As during the preceding year, the work of arranging col-
lecting and binding our pamphlets and collection of serial
publications issued by various historical, antiquarian and geneal-
ogical societies, has gone steadily forward, and complete sets of
these, arranged in order in a separate room of the Society
House and thus easily accessible, now constitute a collection of
documents of the highest moment to historical students and
antiquarians. In addition to the bound volunies of this collec-
tion, we have 97 binding-cases containing pamphlets which have
been deemed worthy of preservation.
The Library has been open to members and visitors from
9 A. M. to 5 P. M. every day throughout the year (save on
Sundays and legal holidays), and has been used by a large
number of readers and students, who are always welcomed
heartily to the Society House by our courteous Secretary and
his assistant.
During the past year, our expert copyist, having finished the
transcripts of the somewhat confused " Executive Journals " of
the Colonial Councils from 1738 to 1763, and having arranged
them chronologically for future publication, has made substantial
progress in transcribing five Revolutionary *' Order Books,"
belonging to our MS collection. These ** Order Books," often
in the handwriting of illiterate "Orderly Sergeants," have
been in many cases most difficult to decipher, but our copyist is
an expert and the work is being done in very satisfactory and
intelligent fashion.
It is pertinent, just here, to make mention of the auspi-
cious beginning of the publication of the "Journals of the House
of Burgesses," under the direction of the State Library Board.
The volume for 1773-75 has been issued under the editorship of
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Vlll VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
John P. Kennedy, Elsq., State Librarian, and is not only most
attractive to the bibliophile as a beautiful piece of book-making,
but reflects the highest credit on its editor for the taste, learning
and discretion displayed in the annotations.
The hope expressed in the last annual report that the
''Minutes of the General Court and Council of Virginia,
1623-1632," as well as the many valuable unpublished letters
and proclamations of that period relating to Virginia, now in the
Congressional Library at Washington, might soon be issued
by the Government in book form, is, we are glad to say, destined
to be speedily realized.
**The Minutes of the London Company" will appear first,
to be followed soon by the priceless documents named above,
supplemented by contemporaneous records taken from Eng-
lish sources.
Your Committee begs again to call the attention of the
members of the Society and of our Senators and Representatives
in Congress to the bill which will be offered at this session of
the national legislature, providing for the establishment of a
** United States Record Commission," similar to the commis-
sions long established in England, France and other European
countries, having for its aim the systematic investigation of
foreign and state archives and cognate records dealing with the
early exploration, colonization and subsequent development of
our country — these investigations to be ultimately published by
the Government in such shape as to be easily accessible to
historical studenfs. The importance of such a commission was
dwelt upon in our last annual report and is too obvious to need
further argument.
Gifts and Loans.
Among gifts and loans, other than those of books and
pamphlets, the following are worthy of special mention :
Mrs. Frank W. Chamberlayne, of Richmond, has made
a loan of the oil portrait of William Dandridge. It cannot, at
present, be definitively stated whether the portrait is that of
Captain William Dandridge, R. N., or of his son, who bore the
same name, but the probabilities are that it is of the former.
The same lady has also loaned the Society a handsome sword,
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PROCEEDINGS. IX
bearing on its blade the date '* April, 1738." This sword was
presented to Captain William Dandridge by His Grace, John,
Duke of Montague, who was First Lord of the Admirality at the
time that William Dandridge was a Captain in the Royal Navy.
One of the greatest attractions of the Society House is the
large collection of original portraits of the Boiling family, kindly
loaned by Richard Boiling, Esq., of this city. To this collection,
the same public-spirited gentleman has this year added the
portrait in oils of Elizabeth Boiling, wife of William Gay, Esq:
Our sister organization, the Wisconsin Historical Society,
has generously sent us two large sets of photographs of the
Virginia Senate, and House of Delegates of the Session of 1857-
58. These are of much greater moment than may appear at
first sight, for among them are the "presentments," not extant
elsewhere, of not a few of the chief actors in the great drama
of the War between the States.
Judge W. J. Leake has given the Society two MS books
of decidedly unique value, one — the memorandum-book of
Duncan Rose, merchant in Petersburg, Virginia, 1770—71, giv-
ing the prices of all sorts of commodities -the other, the diary
of a peddler, who journeyed on foot through Virginia in 1807 and
1808.
Mrs. Phillips sends us as a loan a most interesting relic —
a certificate as to good character and reputable standing, given to
Antoine Trabue, ancestor of a well-known Huguenot family of
that name in this State, by Jean Combe, his pastor at Montauban,
France, in 1688.
It is not improbable that many such certificates were given
by French pastors to members of their flocks about to emigrate
after the ** Revocation" in 1685, but, so far as we know, this is
the only one extant — at least in this State.
Noteworthy also are the gifts of a photograph of ** Eastern
Shore Chapel," Princess Anne Co., Virginia, (built 1754), from
Edward Wilson James, Esq., a member of this Committee — of
two clay roofing-tiles of colonial date and make, taken from the
ruins of *' Warner Hall," in Gloucester, and presented by A. C.
Withers, Esq., of that county through St. George T. C.
Bryan, Sr., Esq. ;ofa cannon-ball from a Revolutionary battle-field,
given by Mrs. Julia Snead of Fork Union, Virginia; of a very
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X VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
quaint round travellings-trunk of about the year 1800, from Wil-
liam L. Sheppard, Esq.; of a photogragti of Hayes-Barton,
Devon, England, birth place of Sir Walter Raleigh, from W'lU
liam G. Stanard, Esq. ; of a framed collection of photographs of
Brington church, Northamptonshire, England, of the Washing-
ton tombs in the church (with copies of the epitaphs), and of the
Washington house at Brington, the gift of Miss Katherine
Stiles ; of a large number of Confederate treasury-notes
of various denominations from Capt. Jno. F. Mayer, who
has also given a large contemporary lithograph of "Libby
Prison" during the war; of several interesting MSS from Robert
B. Munford, Jr., Esq.; of an engraved portrait of "James," a
negro, who for loyal services during the Revolution was given
his freedom by the State of Virginia. Accompanying this en-
graving is SL /aC'Stmt/e of General Lafayette's certificate as to the
high character of the colored patriot — both of them the gift of
Mrs. J. Jackson of Macon, Georgia; of a photograph of the
original portrait of George Sandys at Omsbersley Court, Eng-
land, presented by Messrs. Burrows Brothers of Cleveland, Ohio;
and of several articles of minor historical interest donated by
George A. Barksdale, Esq., Dr. J. L. Miller and others.
To all of these generous patrons, the Society desires to make
its most grateful acknowledgments.
It may be stated here that the collection of portraits, prints
and photographs and the cab^inets of relics in the Society House
have been, as heretofore, constantly drawn upon by artists en-
gaged in illustrating historical works.
Publication Committee.
The Magazine has steadily adhered to its settled policy of
printing only original "first-hand" documents. In the very
rare cases where deviation has been made, it has been done for
some reason, that, after careful consideration, has been deemed
of sufficient weight to warrant the exception. As many of you
are aware, this purpose, to publish only original material bear-
ing on the history of Virginia, has characterized the conduct of
the Society from its establishment more than seventy years ago,
and has given to its publications a value that has amply vindi-
cated the course pursued.
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PROCEEDINGS. XI
Some of its earlier work consisted in having hitherto unpub-
lished documents printed in the pages of the "Southern Liter-
ary Messenger," at that time one of the most conspicuous mag-
azines in our periodical literature. Then followed from 1848 to
1853 (inclusive) its own publication, The Virginia Historical
Register, edited with marked ability by that scholarly antiqua-
rian, William Maxwell, Esq. , and made up in chief measure of orig-
inal colonial papers. These six volumes of the Register are now
regarded as of "first-hand** authority and importance, as many
of the originals of the documents printed have been lost or de-
stroyed by fire. From 1854 to i860, at intervals, appeared, as
successor to the Register, the Virginia Reporter, which com-
prises among much matter of prime moment, Grigsby's Vir-
ginia Convention of i82g-^^o. Of course, nothing was. done
during the four years of war, nor for some years after, owing to
the poverty of our people. But from 1882 to 1892 the Society
published eleven volumes of its Collections, which compelled
the attention of historical students at home and abroad, and
confirmed the Society's place in the first rank of kindred organi-
zations.
Since that time, our Magazine, which has printed nearly 4,000
pages of hitherto unpublished historical documents, has worthily
carried out, under the able editorship of our Secretary, the pur-
poses of the founders of the Society, and to-day we may claim,
without undue immodesty, ranks with the foremost periodicals
of its kind either at home or abroad.
The conclusive proof of the value of the documentary matter
thus published is found in the significant fact, that no historical
work, treating in whole or in part of Virginia history, that has
appeared within the last fifty years, fails to quote and make
generous use of the material made accessible to students solely
through the publications of the Society.
Your Committee has requested one o\ its members to write
a detailed history of the Society and this gentleman has con-
sented to do so.
During the current year, the work of the Magazine has related
largely to a subject, which the historians of the colony have
either ignored through lack of precise data, or at best barely
touched upon, yet a matter of prime importance — namely, the
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Xll VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
persistent determination of the colonists to extend their West-
ern frontier despite the measures taken by the home government
to restrict expansion in that direction.
The *' Proceedings of the Virginia Committee of Correspon-
dence," completed during the year, deals at considerable length
and in most interesting fashion with these strenous efforts made
by the colonists during 1769-71, to push their boundaries to the
Southwest and to confirm that extension by permanent settle-
ments.
The completion during the year of the " Diaries of the Morav-
ian Missionaries," describing the ministerial visits of these godly
men through the western portion of Virginia from 1747 to 1753,
demands renewed expression of high commendation for the
erudite labors of Rev. W. J. Hinke, of Philadelphia, and
Charles E. Kemper, Esq., of Washington, D. C, who, in con-
junction, translated these " Diaries" from tl)e German originals
at Bethlehem, Pa.
Admirably translated and annotated with scholarly precision^
these " Diaries." the earliest contemporary records of travel
through the Valley region, not only emphasize the great impor-
tance of the German element in the settlement of Virginia, but
constitute a veritable mine of information Tor all students of the
early history of our Western border.
In the April (1905) number of the Magazine began the pub-
lication of every entry in the "Council Journals, 1721-3^" re-
ferring to the Western portion of the colony and to colonial re-
lations with the Indians.
These extracts are edited by Charles E.Kemper, Esq., with a
wealth of intimate local knowledge and an enthusiasm for his
subject, which could only be found in one born and bred "a
Virginian of the Valley."
These entries will, it is expected, be concluded in the April
number for 1906, and, when finished, must prove the definitive
foundation for any full and accurate history of that great section
of the Commonwealth.
We have also published a series of papers, copied from the
originals in the British Public Records Ofllice, dealing with the
relations between Virginia and the Cherokees in 1769, together
with the very interesting Journal of the "Virginia Commission-
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PROCEEDINGS. XUl
ers,'* who represented the colony in the preliminary negotia-
tions with the Six Nations and in the resulting treaty made with
them at Logg's Town in 1752.
In our forthcoming January number, will be concluded the
translation of the ** Vestry-Book of King William Parish" (the
Huguenot settlement on the James), 1 709-1 750.
Admirably translated from the quaint French of the time and
annotated with apposite learning by Prof. R. H. Fife, of Wes-
leyan University, Connecticut, a member of the Society, this
Vestry-Book will be carefully indexed by the accomplished
translator and issued by the Society during the coming year in an
edition limited to 200 copies.
Lothrop Withington, Esq., of London, to whom the Society
already owes a heavy debt of gratitude for repeated services,
has continued his very valuable "Gleanings" from English
wills, derived from his own personal investigations and those of
Henry F. Waters, Esq., of Boston, Mass.
These abstracts of such wills as in any way refer to Virginia
and Virginia colonists, have already afforded a notable fund of
precise information touching the social condition of the early
settlers and regarding the localities in the ** old country " from
which they emigrated, and are of prime importance, not merely
to the trained genealogist, but to the social and economic his-
torian as well.
Even the general reader may gather some suggestive results
from a casual perusal of them. Taking at random a hundred in-
dividuals, whose British homes are given as well as the social
class to which they or their kinsmen belonged, we find, of this
number 44 Londoners, i Scotchman, 4 Irishmen, while the re-
maining 51 are from 26 different towns and counties in England.
As regards social status, we find one of noble birth, 22 be-
longing to the gentry, 10 clergymen, 10 merchants. 29 divided
among various business avocations and handicrafts, and the
remaining 28 undistinguishable.
It is not, of course, to be understood that this proportion will
hold good for the whole body of Virginia colonists, for, apait
from the fact that more wills of Londoners are recorded in the
Prerogative Court of Canterbury (the chief source of these
** Gleanings") than are likely to be found elsewhere, it must be
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XIV VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
borne in mind that the poorer classes made no wills, and that
naturally the names of small yeoman, mechanics, laborers and
servants are not to be found among probate records.
There has been much other matter of substantial value and
interest published in the Magazine — notably the ** Legislative
Papers," of which two instalments were printed during the
year. These papers consist of documents of all sorts — letters,
petitions, reports and intercepted communications, which were
sent directly to the Virginia legislature, or conmiunicated to
that body by the Governor,
We have caused careful copies to be made from the originals
in the State Archives, containing a great amount of valuable
matter for the years 1 774-1 776 (inclusive), and propose to con-
tinue the series throughout the coming year.
The mention of the State Archives makes this an opportune
place to acknowledge the unvarying courtesy and consideration
shown to the officers of the Society and especially to our copyist
by the State Librarian, John P. Kennedy, Esq., and his staff.
Another important |)ublication projected for 1906 is the printing
in full in the Magazine of the "Journals of the Executive Coun-
cil of Virginia." covering (though not cjinpletely) the period
from 1738 to 1763. The only remaining records of these sessions
of the Council (as Executive'i originally consisted of a number of
small volumes, in sheets and unbound, but which were finally
bound up at some indeterminate period since the Revolution in
several large volumes, not observing, however, the proper
sequence, and. through carelessness or ignorance on the part
of their custodians, including papers dealing with extraneous
subjects.
Some of the.se ' 'Journals' ' are only rough drafts of minutes with
omissions, while others are full and fair records of the proceedings
of the Council.
Accurate copies have been made of all these, and the trans-
cripts, arranged in chronological sequence, will be published in
full.
The chief .significance of the earliest of these is that they con-
stitute a continuation of the history of the Westward extension
of the colony, taking up the subject, after a gap of four years,
where the serir»s of extracts, now being published, leaves it off
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PROCEEDINGS. XV
Later on, they deal with the war between England and Spain
and the part taken by Virginia in the expedition under Vernon
against Carthagena — then with what used to be styled *'King
George's War," followed by the minutes relating to the '* French
and Indian War."
As will be seen from this brief risume, these "Journals"
cover a very important period in our history, yet they have
never been published. They will, of course, be carefully anno-
tated and edited. Charles E. Kemper, Esq., having kindly con-
sented to elucidate by notes all references to the Western bor-
der and to the Indians.
A long and important article in the January (1906) number
of the Magazine will be practically unpublished matter, though,
in fact, a reprint of a very rare pamphlet belonging to the
Society's collections.
This pamphlet, printed at Williamsburg by order of Governor
Dinwiddle, gives a very full account (including instructions,
letters, journals and treaty -texts) of the treaties made between
the colony and the Catawbas and Cherokees in 1756, the object
of that treaty being, of course, to secure to the colonists the aid
of these tribes against the French and their Indian allies. The
extreme rarity and importance of the pamphlet have seemed
to the " Publication Committee" to justify its being reprinted.
Of other original matter of importance awaiting publication
in due time in the Magazine, mention may be made of the
following : (i) Abstracts and copies of records relating to Vir-
ginia, made from the originals in the British Public Records
Office ; (2) the *' Randolph MSS," containing most valuable
17th century material ; (3) copies of early Virginia records from
the originals in the Congressional Library ; (4) a collection of
proclamations of the later colonial Governors, transcribed from
the State Archives ; (5) the Corbin, Ludwell, Campbell, Massie
and Lee MSS., all belonging to the Society's collections.
Still another set of documents, that will appeal to patriotic
interest everywhere, is a series of small MS. volumi^s containing
brigade and regimental orders issued to the main army under
Washington at Valley F'orge and elsewhere during the cam-
paigns of 1778 and 1779. These order-books, which were given
to the Society many years ago by the heirs of Col. Charles
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XVI VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Dabney of the Virginia Line, and which afford a vivid and. at
times, a somewhat startling picture of the life of the Revolution-
ary soldier, and of the discipline or, rather, lack of discipline,
prevailing at the time in the Continental army, we propose to
begin publishing during the coming year.
The few students who have given them close examination are
unanimous in pronouncing them of the highest historical pith
and interest.
Deaths.
The following members have died during the past year
(1905):
Life Members.
Hon'l Benjamin Blake Minor, L L. D., of Richmond, Va.
Robert C. Winthrop, Jr., of Boston, Mass.
Annual Members.
R. H. Cunningham, Henders')n, Kentucky.
G. F. Edwards, Portsmouth, Virginia
Major-General Fitzhugh Lee, Norfolk, Virginia.
Mrs. Thos. L. Moore, Richmond, Virginia.
Major, E. T. D. Mvers, Richmond, Virginia.
J. A Patteson. New York City.
W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Penn.
Prof. Charles W. Shields, Princeton University, N. J.
Alexander Tunstall, M. D., Norfolk, Virginia.
In the death of the Honorable Benj. Blake Minor, we mourn
the loss of the last surviver of the devoted little band of schol-
ars and antiquarians, who in 1847 re-organized this Society,
then in a moribund condition, and who by unremitting zeal and
energy restored it to its former high position among kindred
associations.
Sprung of a long line of colonial and Revolutionary patriots,
his loyalty to his state wa^ m irked by that note of personal de-
votion that chiracterlzed the men and women of Virginia of
his generation.
Educated in chief measure at the University of Virginia,
wh^re he graduated in a number of "schools." and at William
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PROCEEDINGS. XVll
and Mary College, where, before he was of age, he took his
degree in law under Judge Beverly Tucker, he begun in 1840
the pratice of law. But his love of letters was greater than that
for the ** jealous mistress" he had chosen, and in 1843 he pur-
chased The Southern Literary Messenger, which he edited for
more than four years. This responsible position he finally re-
linquished for educational work, in which he had become greatly
interested and, after filling various positions in that field, was
elected in i860 President of the University of Missouri. There
his tenure of office was brief, the Federal military authorities
closing that institution in March, 1862, because of the pro-
nounced '* Southern Sympathies" of the President and Fac-
ulty.
Again Prof. Minor went back to school work, meanwhile a
chieving marked success throughout the South and West as a
popular lecturer t)n scientific and Biblical subjects.
While practicing law. Prof. Minor "edited a new and complete
edition of the Reports of Chancellor George Wythe (prefixing
to it a memoir of that illustrious jurist), and, later on, brought
out a new edition of Hening and Munford's Reports of the
Decisions of the Supreme Court of Virginia.
His contributions to magazines and to the daily and weekly
press are too numerous for detailed notice here.
Suffice it to say, in passing, that, possessed of an easy and
graceful style and endowed with a retentive memory, that made
instantly available a great wealth of reminiscences of the
famous men of his earlier days, he contributed many articles of
notable interest to various periodicals.
Happily, he lived to see the appearance in book form of the
darling of his old age — a history of The Southeryi Literary Mes-
senger, 1 834-1 864, which forms a valuable commentary touch-
ing the contributors and contributions to that famous old period-
ical. His face and figure were long familiar on our streets, and
many of us shall miss his cheery bearing and alacrity of move-
ment, which were so conspicuous even after he had passed the
span allotted by the Psalmist.
To the last, his wiis an optimism that no vicissitudes of for-
tune had been able to break, and though by reason of strength
his days were fourscore, their strength was yet not labor and
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XVlll VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
sorrow, but rather a placid, yet very real, interest in the affairs
of life, and a serene enjoyment of what Cicero terms the
*' pleasures of old age."
He died in this city on the ist day of August, 1905, mourned
by a large circle of friends and kindred.
By order of the President, a beautiful wreath was placed upon
his coffin in the name of the Society, and the Executive Com-
mittee attended his funeral in a body.
The death of Robert C. Winthrop, Jr., of Boston, snaps yet
another of the many ties that bind the two great Commonwealths
of Massachusetts and Virginia.
Inheriting his distinguished father's affection and admiration
for the Old Dominion, and nourished in the best traditions of
the early days of the Republic, he was ever a staunch friend
of the Society, and always evinced the liveliest interest in its
purposes to perpetuate the names and virtues of the great Vir-
ginians, who bore so great a part in founding the new nation,
and in shaping its destinies.
In the hearts of resident members of the .Society, grief is still
fresh and poignant for the loss of two of our most distinguished
fellow- members — one. Major Edmund T. D. Myers, a man of
acute intellect, large acquirement and varied learning, whose
high civic virtues, spotless integrity and scrupulous administration
of the great trusts confided to him, commanded the admiration
and confidence of the general public, while his many accom-
plishments, ready wit and kindly sympathies claimed the affec-
tion and regard of all who enjoyed the privilege of his personal
friendship. The other, Major-General Fitzhugh Lee, was in
every relation of life, public and private, worthy of the noble
stock from which he sprung. Whether in field or forum,
whether as the dashing beau sabreiir of the thrice glorious
*'Army of Northern Virginia," or as Governor of this Com-
monwealth, he ever " stood four square to all the winds that
blew," and, having endeared himself to North and South alike
by his splendid courage, decisive vigor and lovable personality,
died at last mourned by a nation.
Though trained to the profession of arms, and by instinct and
tradition a soldier first of all, to whom the gaudiiim certaminis
seemed the very breath of life, yet when peace came and grave
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PROCEEDINGS. XIX
civic trusts were confided to him, first by his mother-state as
her Chief Executive, and later on by a re-united country as her
diplomatic representative, he proved himself a sagacious and
well-poised statesman, who knew how to keep himself well in
hand, and in most critical events, bore himself with equa-
ble prudence and serene dignity. His wit was keen and
the lambent play of his humor illumined all that it touched,
yet even when he was in the most exuberant spirits, one marked
the saving grace of underlying common-sense, which was indeed
the dominant note in his character, and which enabled him to
penetrate intuitively to the very core of the most perplexing
problems.
To the general public throughout the whole country, he
became a popular hero — to his Iriends and to the men who fol-
lowed him through the dust and sweat of battle, he was
always simply •*dear old Fitz."
These simple words tell the whole story of his brilliant valor,
his soldierly frankness, his generosity, simplicity and winning
camaraderie.
Those who witnessed the imposing pageant of his obsequies
here in Richmond and who saw through misty eyes scores upon
scores of bronzed and bearded veterans shaken with a passion
of sobs, as they followed all that was mortal of their old leader to
his last resting-place, could not doubt that a man who could
compel such passionate grief, had knit these men to him by ties
as beautiful and tender as they were stern and heroic.
He came of a great race, the very pride and glory of our
**01d Dominion" from Colonial days, a race that found its
consummate flower in the foremost captain of our time, and it is
his noblest epitaph to say simply and soberly that he wore
worthily, and shed no mean lustre on, the historic name he bore.
Miscellaneous.
At the October meeting of the Executive Committee, Mr.
Edward V. Valentine introduced a proposition to encourage the
study of our county history and the investigation of county
records, with a view to securing accurate data, that would serve
for a series of county histories, which, all agree, are greatly
needed. The matter was discussed at length and favorably,
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XX VIRGINIA HISrORJCAL SOCIETY.
the Committee deeming it probable that, if an annual prize of
money were offered for monographs treating of county history,
or some great event in county history, based in chief measure
on original investigations of county records, the desired result
would be attained.
Messrs. Valentine, McCabe, and James having offered to fur-
nish tbe necessary funds to test the experiment for the first three
years, a resolution was offered and unanimously adopted, estab-
lishing such annual prize in the Society's name, to be open to
the competition of all students of Universities and Colleges in
Virginia, and to be awarded only for original work based on
direct investigation of county records,
At the November meeting of the Committee, a sub-committee
was appointed consisting of Messrs. Valentine, McCabe, Mitchell
and James, with instructions to fornrulate details of the scheme,
and to report back to the full Committee.
The limits of this Annual Report preclude anything but the
barest mention of the actual and prospective improvements at
Jamestown.
The great work that has engaged our sister society, '*The
Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities," has
been accomplished. The sea-wall, designed to protect that
historic site from the ravages of encroaching tides, and
constructed under the supervision of our colleague on the Com-
mittee, Samuel H. Yonge, Esq., U. S. Engineer in charge, has
been practically finished, and will long remain an enduring
monument to the devoted patriotism of these Virginia women.
Plans have been perfected for a building to be erected by the
''National Society of Colonial Dames." It will be a reproduc-
tion, as nearly as possible, of the old church, whose ruined
foundations have been uncovered by the excavations of recent
years. These ruins will not be disturbed, but will be enclosed
within the walls of the new structure. The floor of the new
building is to consist of a granolithic pavement, and an iron
railing, running around a.id inside the old foundations, will
amply protect them. The " National Society of the Daughters
of the American Revolution " has also made an appropriation for
a building, which will probably be a reproduction of Raleigh's
birth-place, Hayes-Barton in Devon, than which no more appro-
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PROCEEDINGS. XXI
priate model could be found. The building is to be at once a
monument to the first permanent settlement in America and to
the father of English colonization in the New World.
The government of the United States has also appropriated
$50,000 for a monument tp be erected somewhere on the island,
but no site has as yet been chosen and no plans formulated.
Plans are now under discussion for a monument to Pocahon-
tas, the witchery of whose romantic devotion still casts its
magic spell over gentle and simple alike, white the Episcopal
** Diocese of Southern Virginia* 'proposes to erect, prior to the
Tercentennial, a fitting memorial to the Rev. Robert Hunt, the
first clergyman who ministered to the original settlers.
By a wise amendment to the constitution of our Society,
passed a few years ago, the President of the Society having
served three consecutive terms of one year each, is not eligible
to re-election until after an interim.
Your retiring President, deeply sensible of the great honor
thrice accorded him by your generous partiality, now desires to
tender his most grateful acknowledgedments to the officers of
the Society, to his faithful colleagues of the Executive Com-
mittee, and to his fellow- members in general for the loyal and
generous support they have given him during his whole tenure
of office.
He will ever count it the chief honor of his life that he has
been thus long the executive head of a Society, that has done so
much to perpetuate the glories of our mother state, and that from
the time of John Marshall, its first President, down through
more than seventy years, has borne upon its rolls the names of
so many illustrious "Virginia Worthies."
All of which is respectfully submitted.
W. Gordon McCabe,
President.
On the conclusion of the report, which was received with
applause. President McCabe introduced Professor William Peter-
field Trent, of Columbia University, who was to deliver the
annual address.
Professor Trent's address was on ''History as Literature — a
plea for its more attractive presentation." It was a very valua-
ble and scholarly paper, and was heard with great interest.
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XXU VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
At the conclusion of Professor Trent's address a vote of thanks
was tendered to him by the Society.
The President then called for the report of the Nominating
Committee, and Mr. Robert B. Munford Jr., Chairman of that
Committee, made the following report:
Report of Nominating Committee.
Mr, President, Ladies and Gentlemen :
Your committee being regretfully reminded that the pres-
ent President of the Society, who has so ably directed its affairs
for the past three years, is not eligible under the Constitution,
for re-election at this meeting, we take pleasure in nominating
as his successor Mr. Joseph Bryan, who has heretofore filled
this office with signal success.
The complete list of nominations submitted for such action
as you may deem proper is as follows :
President — ^Joseph Bryan.
Vice-Presidents — Archer Anderson, Edward V. Valentine,
Lyon G. Tyler.
Corresponding Secretary and Libraian — William G. Stanard.
Recording Secretary — David C. Richardson.
Treasurer — Robert T. Brooke.
Executive Committee — W. Gordon McCabe, C. V. Meredith,
B. B. Munford, Edward W. James. Chas. W. Kent, W. Meade
Clark, A. C. Gordon. S. S. P. Patteson, S. C. Mitchell, J. P.
McGuire, S. H. Yonge, W. J. Leake.
The officers nominated were unaminously elected.
It was moved that the President vacate the chair, which was
then occupied by Mr. D. C. Richardson.
A motion was made, which was adopted by unanimous vote,
thanking the retiring President for the zeal and ability with
which he had filled his office for the past three years.
The President resuming the chair made his acknowledge-
ment in a few graceful words for the vote of thanks.
There being no further business the meeting adjourned.
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OFFICERS AND MEMBERS
Virginia Historical Society,
JANUARY, 1G06.
President.
Joseph Bryan, Richmond. Va.
Vice- Presidents,
Archer Anderson, Richmond, Va.
Edward V. Valentine, Richmond, Va.
Lyon G. Tyler, Williamsburg, Va.
Corresponding Secretary and Librarian,
William G. Stanard, Richmond, Va.
Recordinj^ Secretary.
David C. Richardson, Richmond, Va.
Treasurer.
Robert T. Brooke, Richmond, Va.
Executive Committee.
W.Gordon McCABE,Richmond,Va. A. C. Gordon, Staunton, Va.
C. V. Meredith, Richmond. Va. S. S. P. Patteson, Richmond, Va.
B. B. MuNFORD, Richmond, Va. S. C. Mitchell, Richmond, Va.
Edw. Wilson James, Norfolk, Va. J P. McGuirk, Richmond, Va.
Chas. W. Kent, University of \^a. S. H. Yonge, Richmond, Va.
W. Meade Clark. Richmond, Va. W. J. Leake, Richmond, Va.
and ex-officio, the President, Vice-Presidents, Se^^retaries,
and Treasurer.
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THE LIST OF MEMBERS.
HONORARY MEMBERS.
Arber, Prof. Edward, BirmiiiKham, Ens:.
Brown. Alexander, Norwood, Va.
Gilbeil, Hon. J. W , New York. N. Y.
Robertson, Captain Harrison Charlottes-
ville, Va.
Sportiird. Hon. A. R., Washington, D. C.
Jones, Rev. John Wm., D. D., Richmond, Stewart, Mrs. John, Brook Hill, Va.
V;i
Keane, Prof. A. H., London, England.
Whitsitt, Rev. W. H., D. D.. Richmond. Va.
CORRESPO^NDING MEMBERS.
Atrill, Chas. H., London, Eng'd.
Bacon. H. F., Bury St. Edmund, Eng'd.
Banks, Chas. b , M. D., Chelsea, Mass.
Barber, E. A,, Philadelphia, Pa.
Bryant, H. VV., Portland, Maine.
Campeau, Hon., F. R. E., Ottawa, Canada.
Carrington, Gen. H. B., New York, N. Y.
Champiin, J. D., Jr., New York, N. Y.
Craig, Isaac, Alleghany, Pa.
Darling, Gen. C. VV., Ulica, N. Y.
Drake, Col. S. A., Kennebunkport, Me.
Fernow, Berthold, Washington, D. C.
Green, Hon. S. A., M. D , Boston, Mass.
Hart, Chas. H.. Philadelphia, Pa.
Hay den. Rev. H. E . Wilkes- Barre, Pa.
Hoes, Rev. R. R., Washington, D. C.
Judah, George F., Spanish Town, Jamaica.
Nicholson, Col. J. P., Philadelphia, Pa.
Phillimore, W. P. VV., London, Eng'd.
Richemond, .Mons. Meschinel De, La Ro-
chelle, France.
Ro8e,Josiah, London, England.
Ross, Hon. D. A., Quebec. Canada.
Thwing, E. P., Brooklyn. N. Y.
Wright, W. H. K., Plymouth, England.
LIFE membh:rs.
Adams, Wm. Newton, New York, N. Y.
Alexander, H. M., New York, N. Y.
Andrews, A. B , Raleigh. N. C.
Andiews, O., Baltimore, Md.
Bain, George M. Jr., Norfolk. Va.
Barksdale, George A.. Richmond, V^a.
Barksdale, R., .M. D., Petersburg, Va.
Blackwell, Henr>, New York, N. Y.
Brooks, P. C , Boston, Mass
Bryan, Joseph, Richmond, Va.
Bryan. Jonathan, Richmond, Va.
Br>an. Robert C, Richmond, Va.
Bryan, St George, Richmond, Va.
Bryan, J Stewart, Richmond, Va.
Byrd, George H., New York, N. Y.
Cabell, J. Alston, Richmond, Va.
Childers, Col. Gracey, Clarksville, Tenn.
Cox. Mrs. Wm. Rufiin, Richmond, Va.
Clement, Capt. H. C, U. S. A , Dallas,
Texas.
Clements, Mrs. Helen I., Saint I^uis, Mo.
Cleburne, C. J., M. D., United States
Navy.
Conway. M. D., New York, N, Y.
Cottrell, James L., Richmond, Va.
Deats, H. E., Flemington. N. J.
Downman, R. H , New Orleans, La.
Garnett, Judge T. S., Norfolk, Va.
Gary. J. A., Baltimore, Md.
Gibbs. Mrs. \Mrginia B., Newport, R. I.
Grafflin, John C, Baltimore, Md.
Grandy, C. Wiley, Norfolk, Va.
Gratz, Simon. Philadelphia, Pa.
Grigsby, H. C, Smithville, Va.
Hearst, Mrs. Phoebe A., Pleasanton, Cal.
Hughes, R. M., Norfolk, Va.
Huntington, Archer M., Baychesler, N. Y.
Ingalls, M. E., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Jones, Wm. Ellis, Richmond, Va.
Keith, Charles P.. Philadelphia. Pa.
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LIST OF MEMBERS.
XXV
Kinsolving, Walter O., Austin, Texas.
Langhome, J. C, SUlem, Va.
I..ee, Edmund, J., M D., Philadelphia, Pa.
Lee, General G. VV. C. Burks, Va.
Lee, W. H., St. Louis Mo.
Leigh, C. J , New York, N. Y.
Logan, General T. M.. Howardsville, Va.
Low, Hon. Seth, New York, N. Y.
Mason. Wm. Peyton, Minneapolis, Minn.
Miller, Dr. J. L., Ashland, Ky.
McCormick, Cyrus Hall, Chicago, 111.
Richardson, D. C, Richmond, Va.
Rives, Hon. Geo. Lockhart. New York,N.Y.
Robinson, Morgan P., Richmond, Va.
Sheppard, Wm. L., Richmond, Va.
StevenM Byam K., New York, N. Y.
Stubbs. Wm. C, New Orleans, La.
Talcolt, Col. T. M. R., Bon Air, Va.
Tray lor, R. L., Memphis, Tenn.
Van de Vyver, Rt. Rev. A., D. D., Rich-
mond. Va.
Waterman, W. H.. New Bedford, Mas.s.
Webb, W. Seward, New York, N. Y.
Whitehead, J. B.. Norfolk, Va.
Wickham. Henr>' T., Richmond, Va.
Williams, A. D., Richmond. Va.
Williams, Thomas C, Richmond, Va.
Winslow, H. M., Harriman, Tenn.
Woodson, Capl. R. S., U. S. A., Fort Clark,
Texas.
ANNUAL MEMBERS.
Abney, John R., Shinnecock Hills, Long
Island. N Y.
Adams, Gilmer S., Louisville, Ky.
Adams, Walter, Frammgham. Mass.
Addison E. B.. Richmond. Va.
Adkins, S. B., Richmond. Va.
Aguilar de, Mrs. F. B , St. Louis, Mo.
Alexander, L. D., New York, N. Y.
Alger, General Russell A . Detroit, Mich.
Ambler, Ben. Mason. Parkersburg^ W. Va.
Anderson, Colonel Archer. Richmond, Va.
Anderson, B. R., M. D., Colorado Springs,
Col.
Anderson, Davis C, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Anderson, Edward L , Cincinnati, Ohio.
Anderson, W. A., Richmond, Va.
Andrews, Wm. H., Jr.. Columbus, Ohio.
Atkinson. J. B.. Earlington, Ky.
Atkinson, Thomas, Richmond, Va.
Austin-Leigh, Richard A.. London,
England.
Avery, Dr. Elroy M., Cleveland, Ohio.
Axtell, Decatur, Richmond. Va.
fiagby. Mrs. Parke C, Richmond, Va.
Baker. Colonel R. H.. Norfolk, Va.
Baker. Mrs. R. M.. Hampton. Va.
Banta, Theodore M.. New York, N. Y.
Barbour, John S.. Culpeper, Va.
Barr, H. D . Anniston, Ala.
Barton, R. T , Winchester, Va.
Battle. Prof. K. P., Chapel Hill, N. C.
Bayne. Howard R., New York, N. Y.
Beall, Mrs. H. A.. Parkesburg, Pa.
Belmont, August, NcwYork, N. Y.
Belt, Mrs. Eliz. Talbot, Millen, Ga.
Best. Frank E., Chicago. 111.
Billups, Celey, Norfolk, Va.
Blackford, Prof.'L. M., Alexandria, Va.
Blackstock, Ira B., Springfield, 111.
Blair, Miss Louisa Coleman. Richmond, Va.
Bland, Robert L., Weston, W. Va.
Blow, Capt. W. W., U. S. A.', Monterey,
Cal.
Boisseau, P. H., Danville. Va.
Boisseau, Sterling, Richmond. Va.
Boiling, Stanhope. Richmond, Va.
Bondurant. Dr. Eugene D., Mobile, Ala.
Boyd, Mrs. Fred. W., Waukesha, Wis.
Boykin, Colonel F. M., Richmond, Va.
Boyle, Mrs. J. A., Davenport, Iowa.
Branch. Major John P.. Richmond, Va.
Brent, F. C, Pensacola, Florida.
Brent, Frank P., Accomac county, Va.
Brent, Mrs. Henry M., Lima. Peru.
Bients, Judge Thomas H., Wallawalla,
Washington.
Brittain, Louis H., Englewood, N.J.
Brodhead, Lucas, Versailles. Ky.
Brockelt, Mrs. Albert D.. Alexandria, Va.
Brooke, Richard N., Washington, D. C.
Brooke, Robert T., Richmond, Va.
Brooke, S. S., Roanoke, Va.
Brooke, Prof. St. George T., Morgantown,
W. Va.
Brooks, Dr. Swepson J., Harrison, N. Y.
Broun. Major T. L., Charleston, W. Va.
Brown. Prof. W. G., Columbia. Mo.
Bruce, Philip Alexander, Clarkton. Va.
Bryan, Mrs. Joseph, Richmond, Va.
*This list also includes subscribers to the Magazine.
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XXVI
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Bryant, C. B., Martinsville. Va.
Buchanan, Mrs. Lylle, Louisville, Ky.
Bnchanan, Wra. I.. Lon<l<>n, I£iik.
Budlong, Mrs. M. J., HartKml, Conn.
Bulord, Commander M. B., U. S. N., Watch
Hill. R. I.
Bukey, Mrs. John Spencer, Vienna, Va.
Bullard, Mrs. B. T., Savannah, Ga.
Bullitt, W. C, Philadelphia, Pa.
Burgis, Richard F., El Paso, Texas.
Burruss, Mrs. Nathaniel, Norfolk, Va.
Burwell, D. S., Norfolk, Va.
Butler, Hugh, Denver, Col.
Byrd, S. M., Eastman, Ga.
California S. R., Los Angeles. Cal.
Callahan, G. C, Philadelphia. Pa.
Cameron, Alexander. Richmond, Va.
Cameron, Col. Benehan, Stagville. N. C.
Camp, Mrs. Francis M. G., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Cannon, G. Randolph, Richmond, Va.
Capps, W. L., U. S. N.. Washington, D. C.
Cargill, Mrs. S. R., Mason City, 111.
Carne, Rev. R. L., Fort Monroe. Va.
Carpenter, Franklin R., Denver, Col.
Carter. Frank, Asheville. N. C.
Cary, Wilson Miles, Baltimore, Md.
Casey, Prof. Joseph T.. New York, N. Y.
Chalmers, J. F., Richmond, Va.
Chandler, Prof. J. A C, New York, N. Y.
Chandler, Walter T., Chicago, Ills.
Chauncy, Mrs. Agnes. Narberth. Pa.
Chew, Philemon St. Louis, Mo.
Chilton. H. P.. New York. N. Y.
Chilton, Robert S., Toronto, Can.
Chilton, W. B.. Washington, D C.
Christian, Judge Geo. L., Richmond, Va.
Christian. Walter, Richmond, Va.
Clark, Mrs J. M., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Clark, M. IL, Clarksville. Tenn.
Clark, Rev. W. M., Richmond, Va.
Clarke, P. N., Louisville. Ky.
Clement, Mrs. N. E.. Chatham, Va.
Clyde, W. P . New York, N. Y.
Cocke, Charles P., New Orleans. La.
Cocke, Dr. W. Irby, Port Washington, N. Y.
Coe Brothers, Springfield, III.
Coke, Captain John A., Richmond, Va.
Cole, J. Edward, Norfolk, Va.
Coleman, Charles W., Washington, D. C.
Coles, Mrs. T. B.. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Colston, F M., Baltimore. Md.
Colston, Edward. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Conrad, Major Holmes. Winchester, Va.
Constant, S. V.. New York, N. Y.
Cooke, H. P., Richmond, Va.
Cooke, Dr. G. Wythe, Washington, D. C.
Cooke, John H., Richmond, Va.
Coolidge, Archibald C, Cambridge, Mass.
Corbin, Richard W.. Paris, France.
Corning, John Herbert, Washington, D. C.
Coutanl, Dr.R. S , Tarrytown, N. Y.
Cox. Mrs. L. B.. Chicago, 111
Craighill, Gen. W. P , U. S. A., Charles-
town, W. Va.
Crenshaw, M. Millson. Washington, D. C.
Crenshaw, S. Dabney, Richmond, Va.
Crocker, Major J. F.. Portsmouth, Va.
Cropper, John, Washington, D. C.
Crozer, Wm. A., New York, N. Y.
Crump, Beverly T., Richmond. Va.
Cullingworth, J. N., Richmond, Va.
Cumming, Dr. Hugh S.. Angel Island, Cal.
Cutshaw, Colonel W. E., Richmond, Va.
Dabney, Prof. R H.. University of Va.
Dandridgc. Miss Mary E., Cincinnati, O.
Danforth, Elliott, New York. N. Y.
Dangerfield, Elliott, New York, N. Y.
Daniel, Hon. John W.. Lynchburg, Va.
Daspit, Mrs. Harry, New Orleans, La.
Daugherty, Wm. G., Baltimore, Md.
Daughters A. R., Auburn, Ala.
Daughters A. R , Washington, D. C.
Davenport, G. A , Richmond, Va.
Davies, W. G., New York. N. Y.
Davis, Frederick L., Washington. D. C.
Denham, Edward, New Bedford, Mass.
Dickinson, Colonel A. G., New York, N. V.
Dimmock. Capt. M. J.. Ric4imond, Va.
Dismukes, Elisha P.. Columbus, Ga.
Dobie. Louis T.. Richmond, Va.
Dold. Dr. Wm. E , New York. N. Y.
Donally, Mrs Miriam W., Charleston, W.Va.
Donigan, Mrs. R. W., Louisville, Ky.
Doran, J. J . Philadelphia, Pa.
Doremus. Mrs. C. A.. New York, N. Y.
Doyle, John A.. Pendarreii.Crickhowell.Eng.
Draper. Mrs. James R., Oxford, Ala.
Duke.JudgeR.T.W.,Jr , Charlottesville, Va.
Dulaney, Col. R H.. Loudoun Co., Va.
Dunlop, Boutwell, Washington. D. C.
Dunn, John, M. D., Richmond, Va.
Dupont, Col. H. A., Winterthur, Del.
Dupuy, Rev. B. H., Davis, W. Va.
Durrett, Colonel R. T , Louisville, Ky.
Easley, J. C, Richmond, Va.
East, John P., New York, N. Y.
Eaton, George G., Washington, D. C.
Edwards, Thos H., West Point, Va.
Eggloston, J. D., Worsham. Va.
Elkins. Hon. S. B., Elkins, W. Va.
Ellinger, William, Fox Island, Va.
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LIST OF MEMBERS.
XXVll
Ellis, Powhatan, Richmond, Va.
Ely, Mrs. Jno H., Cincinnati, Ohio.
English. Mrs. W. E., Indianapolis, Ind.
Eppes. Miss Emily H., City Point, Va.
Evans, J. D., Philadelphia. Pa.
Eustace, Wm. Corcoran, Leesburg, Va.
Farragut, Loyall, New York, New
York.
Farrar, B. J., Nashville, Tenn.
Farrar, Edgar H., New Orleans, La.
Feild. W. P , Little Rock, Ark.
Ferrell, Mrs. Chas. C, Anson, Texas.
Ficklen, Carter B., Havana, Cuba.
Fife, Prof. R. H., Middletown, Conn.
Fitzhugh, Gen. Chas. L., Alleghany, Pa.
Fleet. Col. A. F..Supt. Culver Military' Acad-
emy, Culver, Indiana.
Fleming. R. I.. Washington, D. C.
Folsom, Albert A., Brookline, Mass.
Fontaine, W. W., Austin. Tex.
Ford, VVorthington C, Washington, D. C.
Fountain, General S. \V., U. S. A., Phila-
delphia. Pa.
Fox, W. F. Richmond. Va.
Franklin. James, Jr , Lynchburg. Va.
French, Jno. Herndon, New York, N. Y.
Fuller, Chief Justice Melville W., Wash-
ington, D. C.
Fulton, J. H., Wytheville, Vh.
Gaines, C. Carrington, Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Gaines. R. H., New York, N. Y.
Gaines, Maj. R. V., Mossingford, Va.
Gantt, Judge J. B., Jefferson City, Mo.
Garland, Spotswood, Wilmington. Del.
George, Major J. P., Richmond, Va.
Gibson. Rt. Rev. Robt. A., Richmond, Va.
Gillis, H. A., Richmond, Va.
Glover, Chas. C, Georgetown. D. C.
Good. D. Sayler, Roanoke, Va.
Goodwin, Rev. W. A. R., Williamsburg,
Va.
Goodwyn. Mrs. W. S., Emporia, Va.
Gordon, Armstead C, Staunton, Va.
Gordon Mrs. W. W., Richmond. Va.
Gray, Henr>' W., Jr., Boston. Mass.
Gray. W. F., Richmond. Va.
Green, B. W.. M. D.. Charlottesville, Va.
Greenway. G. C. M. D., Hot Springs. Ark.
Grinnan, Judge Daniel. Richmond, Va.
Guillardeu, W. L., New York, N. Y.
Gummey, Charles F.. Jr.. Philadelphia, Pa.
Gunnell, Mrs. Allen T . Colorado Springs.
Hagner, Judge A. B.. Washington, D. C.
Hagan, John C , Richmond, Va.
Hall. Charles H., M. D . Macon, Ga.
Hamilton. Peter J., Mobile, Ala.
Hamilton. S. M., Washington. D. C.
Harris, John T.. Jr., Harrisonburg, Va.
Harrison, Francis Burton, New York, N. Y.
Harrison, Geo. T., M. D.. New York. N. Y.
Harrison. Robert L.. New York, N. Y.
Harrison, W. Preston, Chicago, III.
Harvie, Miss Anne F., Richmond, Va.
Hawes. S. H , Richmond, Va.
Heffelfinger, Jacob, Hampton, Va.
Henley, Mrs. Charles F., Mountainville,
Tenn.
Hemming, Mrs. C. C, Colorado Spgs., Col.
Herbert, Colonel A . Alexandria. Va.
Herndon, Flugene G., Germantown, Pa.
Herndon, J. W., Alexandria, Va.
Higgins, Mrs. D. F , Joliet, 111.
Hill. W. M.. Richmond. Va.
Hitt. Isaac R.. Washington, D. C.
Hitt, Hon R. R.. Washington, D. C.
Hobson. Henr>' W., Jr . Denver, Col.
Hoen, E. A., Richmond, Va.
Holt, R. O., Washington. D. C.
Hord, Rev. A. H , Germantown. Pa.
Horton, Mrs. H. C, Franklin, Tenn.
Howard. Major McH.. Baltimore, Md.
Howell, M. B. Nashville. Tenn.
Huffmaster. J. T., Galveston, Texas.
Hughes. Charles J., Jr., Denver, Co!.
Hughes, A. S., Denver, Col.
Hume, Frank, Washington, D. C.
Hunnewell, J. F.. Charlestown. Mass.
Hunt, Gaillard, Washington, D. C.
Hunt. George W. P., Globe, Arizona.
Hunter, James W., Norfolk. Va.
Hunter, Major John. Jr.. Richmond, Va.
Hunter, Mrs. Robert W , Alexandria, Va.
Hurt, George A , Atlanta. Ga.
Hutcheson. Mrs. J. C. Houston. Texas.
Hutchins, W. S., Washington, D. C.
Hutchinson, Francis M., Philadelphia, Pa.
Hutzler, H. S.. Richmond. Va.
Irving, A. D., Irvington, N. Y.
Jacoby, H. F., New York, N. Y.
James, Edward Wilson. Norfolk, Va.
Jarman. Prof. J. L , Farmville, Va.
Jeffress. T. F . Richmond. Va.
Jeffrey , Miss Mary Lee, Marion, Va.
Jeffries, Miss Susie A., Janesville, Wis.
Jenkins, Edward Austin, Baltimore, Md.
Jenkins, Luther H.. Richmond. Va.
Jewett, W. K.. Colorado Spgs., Colorado.
Johnson, B. F., Washington. D. C.
Johnson, Capt. Wm. R., Crescent, W. Va.
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XXVlll
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Johnston, Christopher, M. D , Baltimore,
Md.
Johnston, Dr. Geo. Ben., Richmond, Va.
Johnston, Miss Mary, Richmond, Va.
Johne, Adrian H.. New York, N. Y.
Tones, Rev. J. William, Richmond, Va.
Jones, W. Strother. Red Bank, N. J.
Jones, Wm. L., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Jordan. Scott, Chicago, 111.
Judkins, Mr«. W. D., Lausanne, Switzer-
land.
Keach, Mrs. O. A., Wichita, Kas.
Keeling, Judge J. M., Norfolk, Va.
Keim, Mrs. Betty L., Philadelphia, Pa.
Keith, Albert G., Cambridge, Mass.
Kelley, James, New York, N. Y.
Kemper, Charles E., Washington, D. C.
Kemper, Dr. G. W. H.. Muncie, Ind.
Kemper, Willis M , Cincinnati Ohio.
Kennedy, Mrs. S D.^ Warrenton, Va.
Kent, Prof. C W., University of Va.
Kidd, J. B., Richmond, Va.
Kilby, Judge Wilbur J.. Suffolk, Va.
Knabe. William. Baltimore, Md.
Lambert, Mrs. W. H., Cermantown, Pa.
La Monte. Geo. M., Bound Brook. N. J.
Lancaster, R. A., Jr , Richmond, Va.
Larus,John R., Baltimore, Md.
Lassiter, Major F. R., Petersburg, Va.
Lathrop. Bryan, Chicago. III.
Lea, Mrs. Overton, Nashville, Tenn.
Leach, J. Granville, Philadelphia, Pa.
Leach, James A., Richmond. Va.
Leake, Judge Wm. Josiah, Richmond, Va.
Lee, Rev. Baker P., Lexington, Ky.
Lee, Richard Bland, Jr., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Lee. Captain R. K., West Point. Va.
Lee, R. E., ]r , Fairfax county, Va.
Leib. Mrs Lida C. G., San Jos^, Cal.
Le Grand. Mrs. j. H , Tyler, Tex.
Leigh, Egbert G.. Jr , Richmond. Va.
Letcher, S. Houston, Lexington, Va.
Lincoln, Solomon, Boston. Mass.
Livezey. John G , Newport News. Va.
Lodge, Hon. H. C, Nahant, Mass.
Logan, John S., St. Joseph. Mo.
Logan. Walter S . New York, N. Y.
Lomax, E. L , Omaha, Neb.
Lorton, Heth, New York, N. Y.
Loyall, Captain B. P.. Norfolk. Va.
Lyon, Mrs. George A., Richmond, Va.
Lyster, Mrs. H. F. L., Detroit. Mich.
Maddox, E. L., Grand Rapids, Mich.
Maddux, L. O., Cincinnatti, Ohio.
Maffit, Mrs. John N.. New York, N. Y.
Malone, Prof. T. H., Nashville, Tenn.
Mallory, Lt.-Col. J. S., U. S. A , Washing-
ton, D. C.
Markham, George D., St. Louis, Mo.
Marshall, Thos. S , Salem, 111.
.Matthews, Albert, Boston, Mass.
Matthews. Dr. J. C, Griffin, Ga.
Maury Colonel R. L., Richmond, \^a.
Maxwell, John W. C. San Francisco. Cal.
Mayo, E. C, Richmond, Va.
Mayo, P. H., Richmond, Va.
Mayo, Rev. Robt. A., West River, Md.
Maynard, Mrs. John F., Utica, N. Y.
Mcntz, Mrs. J. E , Philadelphia, Pa.
Meredith. Charles V , Richmond. Va.
Merrick, Dr. T. D., Richmond, Va.
Merrill. Mrs. Lida W., Terre Haute, Ind.
Meyers, Barton. Norfolk, Va.
Meysenburg, Mrs. D. C, St. Louis, Mo.
Miller, Rudolph P , New York. N. Y.
Mitchell, Kirk wood. Richmond, Va.
Mitchell, Prof. S. C, Richmond, Va.
Moore. Josiah S., Richmond, Va.
Moore, Warner. "
Morehead, C. R., El Paso, Texas.
Morgan, Dr. James D., Washington. D. C.
Morrison, Mrs. Portia Lee. Farmville, Va.
Morton, Dr. Daniel, St. Joseph, Mo.
Morgan, Dr. D, H., U. S. N.
Munford. B. B.. Richmond. Va.
Munford, R. B., Jr . Richmond, Va.
McAllister, J . T.. Hot Springs. Va.
McBryde, Dr. J. M., Blacksburg, Va.
McCabe, Capt W. Gordon, Richmond, Va.
McCarty, Allen. Kansas City, Mo.
McGuire, Mis. Frank H., Richmond, Va.
McGuire.J. P.
Mcllwaine, Prof. H. R., Hampden-Sidney
College, Va.
Mcllwaine. W. B., Petersburg, Va.
McLcllan. Mrs. Aurora P., Athens, Ala.
McLemore, Mrs. Elizabeth Pope, Memphis.
Tenn.
Munsell's Sons. J , Allenhurst, N. J.
Nash, H. M.. M. D.. Norfolk, Va.
Nay lor, Hugh E.. Front Royal, Va.
Neardenwold, Mrs. Ida G.. Honolulu, H. I.
Nelson, Rev. James, D. D., Womans' Col-
lege, Richmond, Va.
NichoUs, Rt. Rev. W. F., San Francisco,
Cal.
Noblit, J. H.. Philadelphia, Pa.
Nolting, W. Otto, Richmond. Va.
Ogden, Robt. C., New York.
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LIST OF MEMBERS.
XXIX
Old, Major. W. W.. Norfolk. Va.
Oliver. Dr. A. S., Elberton, Ga
Otter. John B., Louisville, Ky.
Owen, Thomas M., Montgomery, Ala.
Page, Mrs. Mann, Elizabeth. N.J.
Page. S. Davis. Philadelphia. Pa.
Page. L. W., Washington. D. C.
Page, Rose well, Richmond, Va.
Page. Thomas Nelson, Washington. D. C.
Palmer, Col. William H., Richmond, Va
Parish, Robert L. Covington, Va.
Parker, Col. John, Browsholme Hall,
Clelhiroe, Lancashire, Eng.
Parker, Mrs. H. H , Portland, Oregon.
Parker, W S. R. Beaumont, Texas.
Patterson. James A , Philadelphia, Pa.
Patteson, S. S. P . Richmond, Va.
Patteson, J. A.. New York. N. Y
Pegram, John Combe, Providence, R. I.
Penn, Mrs. James G., Danville. Va.
Pennington, William C. Baltimore, Md.
Pescud, Peter F., New Orleans, La.
Peterkin, Mrs. George W., Parkersburg,
W. Va.
Pettus, William J., M. D., U. S. Marine
Hospital Service, Washington. D, C.
Phifer. Robert S.. Richmond Va.
Ph'niry, Mrs Billups. Athens. Ga.
Pickett, Thomas E., M. D., Maysville, Ky.
Pinckard, W. P., Birmingham, Ala.
Pittman, Mrs. H. D., St. Louis, Mo.
Pitts, A. D., Selma, Ala.
Poindexter, Charles E , Jefferson ville, Ind.
Pollard, Henr>- R , Richmond. Va.
Potwin, Mrs. Eliza Lewis. Evanslon, 111.
Powell, J. E.. Washington, D. C
Prentiss. Judge R. R., Suffolk. Va.
Price, Judge John W.. Bristol Va.
Price. Theodore H., New York, N. Y.
Pritchett, Carr W , Independence, Mo.
Pr\-or. Gen. Roger A . New York, N. Y.
Pugh, A. H., Cincinnati. Ohio.
Pullen, Charles L , New Orle <ns. La.
Pulliam, D L., Manchester, Va.
Purcell, Col. J. B., Richmond, Va.
Raines, Judge C. W., Austin, Texas.
Raines, Dr. Thomas H , Savannah. Ga.
Ramsay, Mrs. Wm. .McC, Westover. Va
Randolph, Beverley S , Berkeley Springs,
W. Va.
Randolph, Rt. Rev. A. M., D. D., Norfolk,
Va.
Randolph, G. A., Warrensburg. Ills
Randolph, Dr. John, Arvonia, Va.
Raymond. C. H., New York, N. Y.
Read, Samuel R., Chattanooga, Tenn.
Reinhkrt, J. W., Netherwood, N. J.
Rennolds, Robert G.. Richmond, Va.
Reeves, Mrs. W. E.. Newton, Iowa.
Reynal-Upham, W. H.. Exmouth, Eng.
Richardson, Albert Levin. Baltimore Md.
Ridenour, Miss Emma B., Indianapolis,
Ind.
Ridgeley, Mrs. Jane M., Springfield. Ills.
Rivers, Flournoy, Pulaski. Tenn.
Rive*}, Mrs. VV. C, Washington. D. C.
Rixey, Surgeon-General P. M , U. S. N.,
Washington, D. C.
RoBards. Col John Lewis, Hannibal, Mo.
Robertson, Mrs. Fred. S , Manchester, Va.
Robertson. Thos. B., Eastville, Va.
Robins. William B., Richmond. Va.
Rockwell, .Mrs. Eckley. West Philadelphia,
Pa.
Roller. Gen. John E., Harrisonburg. Va.
Roosevelt, Hon. Theodore, President ot
the United States, Washington. D. C.
Roper, Bartlett, 9>en.^ Petersburg, Va.
Rowland, Miss Kate Mason, Georgetown,
D. C.
Ruggles. Mrs. Va. Cabell, Wauwatosa, Wis.
Ryan. Thos. F., New York, N. Y.
Sands, Conway R., Richmond, Va.
Savage, N. R., Richmond. Va.
Schindel, Mrs. D.J. Bvard, Fort Leaven-
worth. Kansas.
Schouler, Prof. James. Boston, N^ass.
Scott. Mrs. .Matthew. Bloomington, Ills.
Serimgeour. Mrs. Josephine N., Galveston,
Texas.
Shelby, Mrs. *5usan H.. Lexington. Ky.
Shepherd, John, Chicago, Ills.
Shippen, Mrs. Rebecca Lloyd. Baltimore,
Md.
Sitterding. Fritz. Richmond, Va.
Slaughter, A. D , Chicago, 111.
Smith. Mrs. K, P., Austin, Texas.
Smith. Miss Frances M., Flast Oakland,
Cal.
Smith. Willis B., Richmond. Va.
Smith. Mrs. Rosa Wright. Fort Hancock,
N. Y.
Smith. Lieutenant Commander R. C, V.
S. N.. Washington. D C.
Snowden. W. H.. Arcturus, Va.
Spears. Harry D., New York. N Y.
Spencer. Mrs. Samuel. Washington, D. C.
Spencer, J. H., Martinsville. Va.
Spots wood. Mrs. W. F., Petersburg, V^a. •
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XXX
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Stanard, W. G., Richmond, Va.
Steiger, E., New York, N. Y.
Stewart, Miss Annie C, Brook Hill, Va.
Stewart, Miss E. Hope, '*
Stewart, Miss Norma, "
Stewart, Miss Lucy W., "
Stewart, Rev. J. Calvin, Richmond, Va.
Stewart, J. A., Louisville, Ky.
Stimson, Mrs. Daniel M., New York.
Stokes, Mrs. T. D., Elk Hill, Va.
Stone, Rev. A. E., D. D., Peabody, Kansas
Stone, Mrs. Mary F., Washington, D. C.
Straler, Mrs. Charles G., Louisville, Ky.
Stratton, Miss Mabel Ladd, Richmond, Va,
Stringfellow, Maj. Chas S , Richmond,Va.
Strother, Hon. P. W., Pearisburg. Va.
Sturdevant, Col. R., Cape Girardeau, Mo.
Summers. L P , Abingdon, Va.
Sydenstricker, Edgar, Lynchburg. Va.
Taber, Dr. George E., Richmond, Va.
Taliaferro, Mrs. Richard P., Ware Neck,
Va.
Tandy, Mrs. L. M. B., Columbus. Mo.
Tarvin, Mrs. J. P , Covington, Ky.
Taylor, Dr. P ielding L., New York, N. Y.
Taylor. W. E., Norfolk. Va.
Terhune, Mrs. E. T., Pamplin Lake, N. J.
Theus, Mrs. W. R. Jackson. Tenn.
Thomas. Douglas H., Baltimore, Md.
Thomis, Mrs. John B. Baltimore, Md.
Thomas, John L., Washington, D. C.
Thomas, R. S., Smithfield, Va.
Thornton, G. B, Jr., Memphis, Tenn.
Thornton, Mrs. Champe F., Richmond, Va.
Throckmorton, C.Wickliffe, New York. N.Y
ThrustoM, R. C. Ballard. Louisville, Ky.
Todd, George D., Louisville, Ky.
Torrencc, W. Clayton. Fredericksburg, Va
Travers, S. W.. Richmond, Va.
Tree, J. B..
Tucker, J. D.. South Boston, Va.
Tunstall, Richard B.. Norfolk, Va.
Tyler, vlrs. A. M., Richmond. Va.
Tyler, Prof. Lyon G., Williamsburg, Va.
Underwood, Gen. John C, Covington, Ky.
Upshur, Rear Admiral John H., U. S. N.,
Washington, D. C.
Upshur, r. T , Nassawaddox, Va.
Valentine, B. B., Richmond, Va.
Valentine, E. P.,
Valentine, K. V., "
Valentine, G, G., Richmond, Va.
Valentine, M S.,Jr., "
Vermillion, John, Norfolk, Va
Vinal, Alvin A., Accord, Mass.
Vinsonhaler,^Judge D. M., Omaha, Neb.
Waddell, J. A., Staunton, Va. -
Waddey, Everett, Richmond, Va.
Waggener, B. P , Atchinson, Kan.
Walke, Cornelius. New York. N. Y.
Walke, Mrs. Frank Anthony, Norfolk, Va.
Walker. G. A., Richmond, Va.
Walker, J. G., Richmond, Va.
Walker, L. S., Woodstock, Va.
Ward, Colonel John H., Louisville, Ky.
Warren, L. R., Richmond. Va.
Washington, Joseph E.,Wessyngton, Tenn.
Washington, W. De H., New York.
Waters, Arnold Elzey, Baltimore, Md.
Watts, Judge Legh R.. Portsmouth, Va.
Wayland, J. W., Bridgewater, Va.
Weddell. A. W., Washington, D. C.
Wellford. Judge B. R., Richmond. Va.
Welch, Charles A., Boston, Mass.
White, J. B., Kansas City, Mo.
White, Miles, Jr., Baltimore, Md.
White, W. T., Waco. Texas.
Whitner. Charles F.. Atlanta, Ga.
Whitsitt, Rev. W. H., D. D. Richmond,
Va.
Whiltet, Robert, Richmond, Va.
Whilty.J. H.,
Willard, .Mrs. Joseph E.. Fairfax Co., Va.
Williams, Mrs. F. L.. Bristol, R. I.
Williams, Henry, Baltimore, Md.
Williams, John G., Orange, Va.
Williams. J. P., Savannah, Ga.
.Williams. John Skelton. Richmond, Va.
Williams, Mrs. Robt K., Norfolk, Va.
Williams, S. D., Philadelphia, Pa.
Williamson, D A., Covington, Va.
Williamson, J. T., Culhoky, Tenn.
Willis, Mrs S. A., Lichfield, Conn.
Wilson, H. Allen, Milwaukee, Wis.
Winston, James B., Glen Allen, Va.
Wingo. Chas. E.. Richmond, Va.
Wise, Mrs. Barton H., Richmond, Va.
Wise, Prof. Henry A., Baltimore. Md.
Wise, John C. M. D., U. S. N., Wash-
iiigtt>n. n. C.
Wise. Keai -Admiral Wm. C. U. S. N.,
Fort Monroe Va.
Withers, Alfred D., Roane's. Va.
Withers, H. C, Austin. Texas.
Withington, Lothrop. London, Eng.
Woodhull. Mrs. Oliver J., San Antonio,
Texas.
Woodhouse, Miss Adelaide, Nimrao Va
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LIST OF MEMBERS.
XXXI
Woodhouse, J. Paul, Nimmo, Va. Yonge, Samuel H., Richmond, Va.
Woods, Hon. Micajah, Charlottesville, Va. Young, Hon. B. H., Louisville, Ky.
VVrenn, John H., Chicago. III. Young, Mrs. E. Alice, Milwaukee, Wis.
Wright, Mrs. Selden S., San Francisco,
Cal, Zimmer, W. L , Petersburg, Va.
Wysor, Hairy B., Muncie, Indiana. Zimmer, W. L., Jr., Petersburg, Va.
LIBRARIES — Annual Members.
American Geographical Society, New York,
N. Y.
Boston Public Library, Boston, Mass.
Brooklyn Public Library, Brooklyn. N. Y.
Brooklyn Library, Montague St., Brooklyn,
N. Y.
Brown University Library, Providence,R I.
Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Carnegie Free Libary. Alleghany, Pa.
Carnegie Library, Atlanta, Ga.
Carnegie Free Library, Nashville, Tenn.
Central Library, Syracuse. N. Y.
Chicago Public Library, Chicago, 111.
Chicago University Library, Chicago, Ills.
Cincinnati Public Library, Cincinnati, O.
Cleveland, Ohio, Public Library.
Cornell University Library, Ithaca, N. Y.
Maine State Library-, Augusta, Me.
Marietta College, Marietta, O.
Massachusetts State Library, Boston, Mass.
Mechanics Benevolent Association Library,
Petersburg, Va.
Mercantile Association Library, New York,
N. Y
Milwaukee Public Library, Milwaukee, Wis.
Minneapolis Athenaeum Library, Minne-
apolis, Minn.
Navy Department Library, Washington,
D. C.
Nebraska University Library, Lincoln,
Neb.
Newberry Library', Chicago, 111.
New Hampshire State Library, Concord,
N. H.
Norfolk Public Library, Norfolk, Va.
Department of Archives and History,
Jackson, Miss
Detroit Public Library, Detroit, Mich.
Oberlin College Library, Oberlln, Ohio.
Ohio State Library, Columbus, O.
Omaha Public Library, Omaha, Neb.
Grosvenor Pub, Library, BuflTalo, N. Y.
Hampton N. and A. Institute Library,
Hampton, Va.
Harvard University Library, Cambridge,
.Mass.
Hearst Free Library, Anaconda, Mon.
Illinois Society S A. R., Chicago, Ills.
Indiana Slate Library. Indianapolis, Ind.
Iowa, Historical Dept. of, Des Moines, I.
Kansas City Public Library, Kansas City,
Mo.
Kansas Historical Society, Topeka, Kan.
Parliament Library*. Ottawa, Canada.
Peabody Institute, Baltimore, Md.
Pennsylvania State Library, Harrisburg,
Pa.
Pennsvlvania State College, State College,
Pa.
Peoria Public Library, Peoria, III.
Pequot Library, Soulhport, Conn.
Philadc'lphia Institute Free Library, Chest-
nut and iSih Sts.. Phildelphia, Pa.
Philadel|>hia Law Association Library,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Pratt Free Library. Baltimore, Md,
Princeton University Library, Princeton.
N.J.
Lexington, Ky., Public Library. Randolph-Macon College Library, Ash-
Library of Congress, Washington, D C. land, Va.
Long Island Historical Society Library, Randolph- Macon Womaiis College. Col-
Brooklyn, N. Y. lege Park, Va.
Los Angeles, Cal., Public Library.
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XXXll VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, University of Minnesota Library, Minne-
Louisville, Ky. apolis, Minn.
Springfield City Library Asso'n, Spring- University of Virginia Library, Charlottes-
field, Mass. ville, Va.
State Department Library, Washington, University of West Virginia Library, Mor-
D. C. gantown, W. Va.
Vanderbilt University Library, Nashville,
Stanford University Library, Cal. Tenn.
St. Louis Mercantile Library, St. Louis, Virginia State Library, Richmond, Va.
Mo. Virginia Military Institute Library, Lex-
ington, Va.
Syracuse Public Library, Syracuse, N. Y. Virginia Polytechnic Institute Library,
Toronto Public Librar>', Toronto, Canada. Blacksburg, Va.
Trinity College, Durham, N. C.
Trinity College Librar>', Hartford, Conn.
Tulane University Library, New Orleans, West Virginia Historical Society Library,
La. Charleston, W. Va.
War Department Library, Washington, D. C.
Union Theological Seminary Librar>', Wheeling Public Library, Wheeling, W. Va.
Richmond, Va. Worcester Free Public Library, Worcester,
University of California Library, Berkeley, Mass.
Cal. Wyoming Historical and Geolosical Soci-
University of Indiana Library, Blooming- ety, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
ton. Ind.
University of Michigan Library, Ann Ar-
bor Mich. Yale University Library, New Haven, Con.
LIBRARIES— Life Members.
Astor Library, New York, N. Y. Library Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
Boston Athenaeum Library, Boston. Mass. New York State Library, Albany, N. Y.
California State Library, Sacramento, Cal. Richmond College Library, Richmond, Va.
Columbia College Library, New York, Washington and Lee University Library,
N. Y. Lexington, Va.
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
IsTETTT- SERIES.
"Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. New Series. Edited
by R. A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society,
(Seal) Richmond, Va. Published by the Society.** Eleven annual
Tolumes, uniform. 8vo., cloth, issued 1882-92, carefully indexed, as
follows :
The Official Letters of Alexander Spotswood, Lieutenant-Governor of
the Colony of Virginia, 17 10- 1722. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two Volumes. Portrait and Arms, pp xxi-179 and vii-368. 8 00
The Official Records of Robert Dinwiddie, Lieutenant-Governor of the
Colony of Virginia, 1751-1758. Now first pnnted from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes, pp. lxix-538 and xviH-768. Portraits, fac-stmile of letters of presentation
from W. W. Corcoran, cut ot Mace of Borough of Norfolk, Va., and reproduction of the
Map of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, engraved for Jefferson's Notes
on Virginia, 1787. 6 6
Documents, Chiefly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration
to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin Town, with an Appen-
dix of Genealogies, presenting data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy,
Trabue, Marye. Chastaine, Cocke and other Families.
Pages xxi-247. Contains/ar-jtrntT^of plan of "King William's Town." 2 60
Miscellaneous Papers, 1 672-1 865. Now first printed from the manuscript
in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. Comprising
Charter of the Royal African Co., 1672; Report on the Huguenot
Settlement 1700; Papers of George Gilmer of "Pen Park," 1775-78;
Orderly Book of Capt. George Stubblefield, 1776; Career of the
Iron-clad Virginia, 1862; Memorial of Johnson's Island, 1862-4; Beale's
Cav. Brigade Parole, 1865.
Pages viii-374. a W
Abstract of the Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London, 1619-
1624, Prepared from the Records in the Library of Congress by
Conway Robinson, with an introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes. Pages xlvii-218 and 500. The introduction contains a valuable critical
CMAy on the sources of information for the student of Virginia History. 6 OO
The History of the Virginia Federal Convention of 1788, with some ac-
count of the Eminent Virginians of that era who were members of
the Body, by Hugh Blair Grigsby. LL. D., with a Biographical
Sketch of the Author and illustrative notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes. Pages xxvii-372 and 411. 6 00
Proceedings of the Virginia Historical Society at the Annual Meeting
held December 21-22, 1891, with Historical Papers read on the oc-
casion and others.
Pages xix-386. Contains papers on the Virginia Committee of Correspondence and the
Can for the First Congress; Historical Elements in Virginia Education and Literary
Eflbrt; Notes on Recent Work in Southern History; Ancient Epitaphs and Descriptions
in York and James City Counties, Washington's First Election to the House of Burgesses;
Snithfield Churchy built in 1632, Richmond's First Academy ; Facts from the Accomac
CottDty Records, Relating to Bacon's Rebellion ; Thomas Hansford, first Martyr to Ameri-
can Lft>erty ; Journal of Captain Charles Lewis in Washington's Expedition against the
French in 1755; Orderly Books of Major Wm. Heatb ^77, and Capt. Robert Gamble, 1779,^
■ad Memoir of General John Cropper. ^.^^^^^ ^^
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The full set of these publications can be obtained for $3 1 .OO, or the separate
publications, at the prices named.
CATALOGUE OF THE MANUSCRIPTS in the Collection of the Virginia Historical Society
and also of Sonic Printed Papers. Compiled by order of the Executive Committee. Supplement lo
the Virgifiia Magazine of History and Biography. Richmond : Wm. Ellis Jones, Printer. 1901.
Paper, 120 pp. Price, |i. 00. Sent free to members and subscribers on receipt of 10 cents for post-
age, &c.
AN ABRIDGMENT OF THE LAWS OF VIRGINL\. Compiled in 1694. From the origiaa
manuscripts in the collection of the V^irginia H slorical Society. So pp., paper. Richmond, 1903.
An edition of 300 copies, reprinted from the / 'irginia Magazine of Histoty and Biography, Price,
$1.00.
Discount allowed to booksellers.
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History' and Biography, Edited to October
ist, 1898, by Philip A. Bruce, and since that date by William G. Stanard,
Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society, (Seal). Pub-
lished Quarterly by the Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.
House of the Society^ No. 707 East Franklin St.
VoLUMK I — Octavo, pp. 484-viii-xxvi-xxxii.
Coniains cut of the Society's Building:, accounts of the proceedings and transactions ol
the Society for the year 1893, and many exceedingly valuable, original historical documents
and papers which have never before appeared in print. Among others may be mentioned.
Discourse of the London Company on its administration of Virginia affairs, 1607-1624;
Abstracts of Colonial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Ofiice, beginning in 1624,
with full genealogical notes and an extended Genealogy of the Claiborne Family ; The
Mutiny in Virginia in 1635: Samuel Matthew's Letter and Sir John Harvey's Declaration;
Speech of Governor Berkeley and Decluratipn of the Assembly with reference to the change
of Government in England and the passage of the First Navigation Act of 1651 ; Petition
of the Planters of Virginia and Mar>land in opposition to the Navigation Act of 1661
Bacon's Rebellion, 1676; His three proclamations, Letters of Sherwood and Ludwell, Pro-
posals of Smith and Ludwell, and Thomas Bacon's Petition ; Letters of William Fitzhugh
(1650-1701), a Leading Lawyer and Planter of Virgmia, with a genealogical account of the
Fitzhughs in England ; Lists of Public Officers in the various Counties in Virginia late in
the 17th and early in the i8th centuries ; Roster of Soldiers in the French and Indian Wars
onder Colonel Washington ; Officers. Seamen and Marines in the Virginia Navy of the
Revolution ; Roll %yi the 4th Virginia Regiment in the Revolution ; Diary of Captain John
Davis of the Pennsylvania Line in the Vorktown Campaign ; General George Rogers
Clark,— Roll of the Illinois and Crockett's Regiments and the Expedition to Vincennes ;
Department of '* Historical Notes and Queries/' containing contributions by Hon. Wm.
Wirt Henr>', and many other items of value; Department of "Book Reviews;" A full
Index. ft ••
Volume II— Octavo, pp. 482-ii-xxiv.
Contains a full account of the proceedings and transactions of the Society for the
year 1894, and the following list of articles copied from the original documents : Report
of Governor and Council on the Condition of Affairs in Virginia in 1626; Abstracts of Col-
onial Patents in the Register of the Virgmia Land Office, with full genealogical notes and
extended enealogies of the Fleet. Robins and Thoroughgood Families; Reports of Griev-
ances by the Counties of Virginia afler the suppression of Bacon's Insurrection ; A full his-
tory of the First Legislative Assembly ever held in America (that in 1619 at Jamestown),
written by Hon. Wm. Wirt Henr>- ; The concluding list of Virgmia Soldiers engaged in
the French and Indian Wars ; The opening lists of the Virginia Officers and Men in the
Continental Line, compiled from official sources ; A valuable account of the Indian Wars
in Augusta County, by Mr. Joseph A. Waddell, with the lists of the killed and wounded ;
Instructions to Governor Yeardley in 1618 and i6a6, and to Governor Berkeley in 1641 ; Let-
ters of William Fitzhugh continued, with full genealogical notes; The Will of William
Fitzhugh : A complete List of Public Officers in Virginia in 1702 and 1714 ; Valuable ac-
count of Horse Racing in Virginia, by Mr. Wm. G. SUnard ; The first instalment of an
article on Robert Beverley and his Descendants ; Wills of Richard kemp and Rev. John
Lawrence, both bearing the date of the 17th century ; Short Biographies of all the memheri
of the Virginia Historical Society who died in the course of 1894 ; An elaborate Genealogy
of the Flournoy Family, throwing light on the Huguenot Emigration ; Department of His-
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torical Notes and Queries, containing many valuable short historical papers and also Gene-
alogical contributions, among which the Carr and Landon Genealogies are of special
interest ; Department of Book Reviews, containing critical articles by well known historical
scholars. Volume II, like Volume I, has been thoroughly indexed. 5 00
Volume III — Octavo, pp. 46o-ii<xxviii.
Contains a full account of the proceedings of the Society for the year 1895, and the follow-
ing list of articles copied from original documents : Letters of William Fitzhugh con-
tinued; Instructions to Berkeley, 1662: Virginia under Governors Harvey and Gooch :
Causes of Discontent leading to the Insurrection of 1666 under Bacon ; Will of Benjamin
Harrison the Elder ; Culpeper's Report on Virginia in 1683 ; Defense of Col. Kdward Hill ;
A series of Colonial letters written by William Byrd, Jr., Thomas Ludwell, Robert Carter,
Richard Lee, and Sir John Randolph ; Decisions of the General Court of Virginia, 1626-
1628, first instalment: Indictment of Governor Nicholson by the leading members of his
Council; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents, extending to 1635, with full genealogical
notes; A History of Robert Beverley and his Descendants, with interesting Wills and new
matter obtained from England ; Genealogies of the Flournoy, Cocke, Carr, Todd and Chap-
pell Families : Voluminous Historical Notes and Queries of extraordinary original value,
relating to a great variety of subjects ; Department of Book Reviews, containing articles
from the pens of well known historical scholars. Volume III, like the preceding Volumes,
has a full index. 5 00
VOLUMB IV— Octavo, pp 492-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of Contents: A Marriage Agreement between John
Custis and his wife ; A Perswasive to Towns and Cohabitation by Rev. Francis Mackemicr
1705; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents for 1635-6; Army Supplies in the Revolution.
Series of original letters by Judge Innes; Attacks by the Dutch on Virginia Fleet, 1667 :
Boundary Line Proceedings, for V'irginia and North Carolina 1710; Charges against Spots-
wood by House of Burgess 17 19 ; Council Proceedings, 1716-1717; Decisions of Virginia
General Court, 1626-2S Continued ; Defence of Colonel Edward Hill Contitiued Depositions
of Revolutionary Soldiers from County records ; Early Spotsylvania Marriage Licenses:
Genealogy — Cocke, Flournoy, Trabue, Jones, and Rootes Families: Historical Notes ami
Queries ; A full list of House of Burgesses, 1766 to 1775; Instructions to Governor Francis
Nicholson; Letter and Proclamation of Argall; Letters of William Fitzhugh ; Narrative of
Bacon's Rebellion by the English Commissioners ; full abstracts of Northampton County
Records in i7lh Century ; Ordeal of Touch in Colonial Virginia; Patent of Auditor an. I
Surveyor-General ; Prince George County Records with much information as to its families ;
Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary Collegt;, 1716; A list of Shareholders in Lon-
don Company, 1783 ; also of Slave Owners in Spotsylvania County, 17S3 ; Virginia Tobacco
in Russia in 17th Century. Volume IV has a full index. 5 00
VoLUMS V — Octavo, pp. 472-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general lisi of Contents: Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents,
1636; and Patents and Grants, 1769; Rappahannock and Isle of Wight Wills. 17th Century ;
Government of Virginia, 1666; Bacon's Men in Surry ; and List of Persons Suffering by the
Rebellion; Boundary Line Proceedings, 1710; Carter Papers; Case of Anthony Pen ton ;
Colonial and Revolutionary Letters, Miscellaneous; Early Episcopacy in Accomac ; Depo-
sitions of Continental Soldiers; Families of Lower Norfolk and Princess Anne Counties:
Genealogy of the Cocke, Godwin, Waike, Moseley. Markham, Carr, Hughes, Winston,
Calvert, Parker and Brockenbrough Families; General Court Decisions, 1640, 1641, 1666;
Memoranda Relating to the House of Burgesses, 1685-91 ; Journal of John Barnwell in Vani-
maasee War; Letters of Lafayette in Yorktown Campaign ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ;
Letters to Thomas Adams, 1769-71 ; Public Officers, 1 78 1 ; Northampton County Records,
17th Centur>'; List, Oath and Duties of Viewers of Tobacco Crop, 1639; Petition of Jobu
Mercer Respecting Marboro Town; Price Lists and Diary of Colonel Fleming, 1788-98:
• Abstract of Title to Greenspring ; Tithables of Lancaster Coun y, I7lh Century; The Me-
lierrin Indians: The Trial of Criminal Cases in i8th Century. Volume V has a full index 5 00
VoLUMB VI— Octavo, pp. 4/3-iv-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents: The Aca'iians in Virginia;
Letters to Thomas Adams ; Journal of John Barnwell ; Vindication ol Sir William Berk-
eley; Will of Mrs. Mary Willing Byrd; Inventory of Robert Carter; Virginia Society t»f
the Cincinnati ; Epitaphs at Brandon ; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Jacobitism in
Virginia; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents; Letters of Lafayette; A New Clue to the
Lee Ancestry i Letters of General Henry Lee ; Sir Thomas Smythe's Reply to Bargrave :
Virsinia in 1633, 1623-4, and 1771 ; Virginia Borrowing from Spain ; The Virginia Company
and the Honse of Commons ; Virginia Militia in the Revolution ; Washington's Capitu-
latioa at Fort Necessity; Election of Washmgton (Poll List), 1758: Burning of William
and Mary College, 1705; Reminiscences of Western Virginia, 1770-90, &c., &c., &c., with
f«U index 5 00
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Volume VII — Octavo, pp. 476-iv-xix.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents : An Additional Chapter to
Waddell's Histor>' of Augusta County ; Augusta County Marriage Licenses, 1749-73 ; In-
ventory of Estate of Hon. Robert Carter: Extracts from Register of Farnham Parish,
Richmond County, Va.; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Indians of Southern Vir-
ginia, 1650-171 1 ; John Paul Jones, as a Citizen of Virginia ; Abstracts of Virginia Land
Patents ; The Case of Captain John Martin ; Papers Relating to the Administration of
Governor Nicholson and to the Founding of William and Mary College ; Richmond During
the War of 1812; Virginia Census of 1624-5: Virginia in 1624-30— Abstracts and Copies
rom the English Public Records; Virginia Game and Field Sports, 1739; Virginia Militia
in the Revolution ; Unpublished Letters of Washington ; Wills, Genealogies, Notes and
Queries, &c., with a full index. ft 00
Volume VIII— Octavo, pp. 481 -iv-xxvii. ,
Contains the following general list of principal Contents : The Indians of Southern Vir-
ginia; The Virginia and North Carolina Boundary Line, 1711 ; Inventory of Lord Fairfax;
Letters from Mrs. Ralph Izard to Mrs. Wm. Lee; Virginia in 1631-35, from English Public
Records ; Papers Relating to the Administration of Governor Nicholson and to the Found-
ing of William and Mar>' College ; Notes from the Council and General Court Records, 1641-
77; Unpublished Letters of Jefferson ; Extracts from Virginia County Records ; Letters 0/
Harrison Gray and Harrison Gray, Jr.; Members of the House of Burgesses, Lists; Militia
Companies of Augusta county, 1742; Petitions of Virginia Towns for Establishment of
Branches of the United States Bank, 1791 ; Virginia Newspapers in Public Libraries; Life
of General Joseph Martin ; Register of St. Paul's Parish, King George county ; Proceedings
of the House of Burgesses, 1^^2-1661 ; Delegates Irom Kanawha ; Ter-Centcnar>' of James-
town ; Virginia Militia in the Revolution ; Wills, Epitaphs, Genealogies, Notes and Queries,
Book Reviews, otc, with a full index. ft 00
Volume TX— Octavo, pp. 480-iv-xx.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents : Virginia Newspapers in Pub-
lic Libraries; Papers Relating to the Administration of Governor Nicholson and the
Founding of William and Mary College ; Virginia in 1636-38, from the English Public Re-
cord Office; Notes from the Council and General Court Records, 16^1-1678; Virginia As-
sembly of 1641 ; Selections from the Campbell Papters; Virginia Militia in the Revolution;
Will of William Byrd, 3d: Eastern Shore History; Letters of William Byrd, 2d; Henry
County, Virginia, Records ; Diary of a Prisoner of War at Quebec ; Sainsbury's Abstracts
and the Colonial History of Virginia; Abridgment of the Laws of Virginia, 1694; The
Germans of the Valley; Virginia Legislative Documents : John Brown Letters; History of
the Battle of Point Pleasant ; Wills, Genealogies, Notes aud Queries, Book Reviews, ike.,
with a full index. ft 00
Volume X— Octavo, pp. 480-xvi-x.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents: Virginia Legislative Docu-
ments; John Brown Letters; The Germans of the Valley; Abridgment of Virginia I^ws,
1694; Eastern Shore Histor>'; Extracts from Records of Henry County, Va ; Batttle of Point
Pleasant; Ferrar Papers, from Magdalene College. Cambridge; Pioneer Days in Alleghany
County; Tithables of Northampton County, 1666; Vir|?iiiia Newspapers in Public Libraries;
Slave Owners of Westmoreland County, 1782; Virginia in 1636- '38, from English Public
Record Office; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills, &c.); Virginia Militia in the Revolu-
tion; Virginia Committee of Correspondence, i759-'67: Virginia Finances, i776-'qo; Vir-
ginia Colonial Records; Books in Colonial Virginia; Wills, Genealogies, Notes and Queries,
00k Reviews, Ac, with several illustrations and fac-similes and a full index. ft 00
Volume XI— Octavo, pp. 490-iv-xxv.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents: Proceediiif^ of Va. Committee
of Correspondence, 1759-64; John Brown Letters: Surrender of Virginia in 1651-2; Ferrar
Papers at Magdalene College. Cambridge; Virginia in 1638-39 from the English Public
Records; Some Colonial Virginia Records; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills)* Isle of
Wight County Records; Virginia Militia in the Revolution; Records of Henr>- County,
Va.; Moravian Diaries of Travels Through Virginia, 1743. &c ; Virginians Governors of
Other States; The " Chesapeake War: " Orderiy Book of James Newell, Pt. Pleasant
Campaign, 1774; The Site of Old "James Towne,'" 1607-98; Council and General Court
Records, 1640-41; Vestry Book of King William Parish (Huguenot), 1707-50; Jame.stown
and the A. P. V. A.; Prosecution of Baptist Ministers 1771-73; Wills, Genealogies, Notes
and Queries, Book Reviews, Ac, with several illustrations, fac-similes, and map, and a full
index. ft 00
Volume XII— Octavo, pp. 487-iv-xxxii.
Contains the following general table of principal Contents : Proceedings of the Virginia
Committee of Corresponocnce. 1759-70; Vestry Book of King William Parish (Huguenot).
1707-1750; The Site of Old "James Towne," 1607-1698; Moravian Diaries of Travel
Through Virginia. 1747 Ac; Virginia Gleanings in England (wills); Extracts from Vir-
ginia County Records; Letters ofJefTerson, Ac, in McHenry Papers; Virginia Militia in
the Revolution: The Early Westward Movement of Virginia, 1722-34, as shown by the
Virginia Council Journals; Virginia in 1639 abstracts and copies from English Public
Record Office; Virginia Legislative Papers 1774; Address of Council, 171^, and Resolu-
tions of Burgesses, 1712; Wills, Genealogies Notes and Queries. Book Reviews, with sev-
eral illustrations, plans, fac similes, Ac, and a full index. ft 00
Discount allowed to booksellers.
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The Lower Norfolk County Virginia Antiquary.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME IV. p^cE,
Land and Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1778 i
St. Paul's Church, Norfolk, 1848 8
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 9
Slave Owners, P. A. Co., 1779 26
Norfolk Academy, 1848 29
The Church in Lower Norfolk County 32
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1850 34
Soap and Candles, 1767 35
Witchcraft in Virginia 36
Price of Sugar, 1787 .-. 36
Schools 36
The Marchant Family 39
Princess Anne County Marria)s:es 40
A Valuable Relic 46
The Owners of Watches, Princess Anne County, 1859 47
The Norfolk and Richmon(tf team Boat, 18 16 49
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 54
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1780 64
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 69
Trinity Church, Portsmouth 72
A List of White Persons and Houses in Princess Anne in March, 1785 75
Undertakers Bill, 1809 75
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, i860 76
Billiards 77
The Church in Lower Norfolk County 78
M^irriages Performed by Rev. Smith Sherwood 89
Marriages Performed by Rev. H. J. Chandler 93
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 96
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 100
Duelling , 106
Norfolk Schools, 1795 106
The Church in Lower Norfolk County 109
Store Bill, 1753 113
Property Owners, Princess Anne County, 1782 1 14
Large Families in P. A. Co 146
Princess Anne Marriages 147
The Norfolk Academy, 1840 150
Free and Slave, Norfolk County, 1782 163
Carriage Owners, Princess Anne County, 1852 166
Miss Serena Holden and Her School 169
Abstracts from Norfolk County Marriage Bonds 170
Slave Owners, Princess Anne County, 1840 174
Store Bill, 1807 182
The Church in Lower Norfolk County 183
Rev. George HaI#on 184
An Invitation from General Arnold 186
Baltimore: Press of the Friedenwald Company, 1904.
Circulation Private. ap.i904-i)T.
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CITY BANK OF RICHMOND,
VIRC3H2>TIA.-
CAPITAL, $400,000
SURPLUS, ...... $100,000
WM. H. PALMER. President. E. B. ADDISON. Vice-President.
ap.i905-iyr. J. W. SINTON, Cashier.
Capital, $200,000.00. Surplus, $741,877.00.
Deposits, $4,848,000.00.
Merchants National Bank,
RICHMOND, FA.
United States, State and City Depository.
n^ INTEREST PAID IN
0% SAVINGS DEPTM'T
Mercantile Accounts Handled on Most Favorable Terms.
JOHH P. BRANCH, President. J. R. PERDUE. Asst. Cashier.
JOHN KERR BRANCH. Vice-Prest. THOS. B. McADAMS, Asst. Cashier.
JOHN F. GLENN, Cashier. GEO. H. KEESEE, Asst. Cashier.
oct.i905-iyr.
Medical College of Virginia,
ESTABLINHED 183S.
DEPARTMENTS OF MEDICINE. DENTISTRY & PHARMACY
THE SIXTY-EIGHTH SESSION VS^ILL
COMMENCE SEPTEMBER 26, 1905
Excellent Theoretical Course with Thorough Practical and
Clinical Instruction in the Memorial Hospital, City Free
Dispensary, and New and WeU-Eqipped Laboratories, all
under the exclusive control of the College, together with
the State Penitentiary Hospital, City Almshouse and other
Public Institutions.
FOR CATALOGUE, ADDRESS
CHRISTOPHER TOMPKINS, M. D., Dean,
326 College Street, Richmond, Va.
apl.<ftjy.05
FENLAND NOTES AND QUERIES,
Edited by REV. W. D. SWEETING. M.A.,
Holy Trinity Vicarage, Rotherhithe, London, S. E.
A Quarterly Journal devoted to the Antiquities, Geology, Natural
Features, Parochial Records, Family History, Legends and Traditions.
Folk Lore, Curious Customs, etc., of the Fenland, in the Counties of
Huntingdon, Cambridge. Lincoln, Northampton, Norfolk and Suffolk.
Price IS. 6d. per quarter, by post, is. 8d. A year's subscription, if paid in
advance, 6s — post free. Vols. 1,11, 111 and IV now ready, neatly bound,
leather back, cloth sides, gilt top. lettered, 15s. each.
Peterborough : Geo. C. Caster, Market Place.
London: Simpkin Marshall & Co., Ld.; and Elliot Stock.
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WATCHES. JEWELRY,
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Fine Repairing. Crests and Coats of Arms Artis-
tically Engraved.
€. liUJIISDSN A HOIS,
apl.-oot.05. 731 E. Main SU^ Michmond, Va.
i^NTIQXJES.
J", in. BIO-QS,
515 EAST MAIN STREET, - RICHMOND, VA.
Largest collection of Original Old Pieces in the State. Antique
Furniture, Old Brass, Cut Glass, Copper Plate, Old China, Engravings,
Paintings, etc. Special attention given to packing all goods sent out
of the City. apl.05-lyr.
OUR ANCESTORS.
THE HISTORY OF FAMILIES OF PITTSYL-
VANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA.
Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the State of Virginia,
and was once even larger, embracing the territory now known as the
counties of Patrick and Henry. Being incorporated in 1767, Pittsyl-
vania has had an interesting history of its own for 138 years, covering
the turbulent times of the Revolution.
The records and will books of the county are very complete and
thorough, and in a perfect state of preservation, giving a list of all offi-
cers in the early magisterial courts; many rpsters of officers and soldiers
of the Revolution and Civil Wars and numbers of declarations of the
Revolutionary soldiers.
From this county have gone many pioneers of iron nerve, who
settled the vast South and West, and the descendants of these men
would find the records of this county of untold interest.
I am in a position to furnish copies of and data from these records
at a nominal price, and would be pleased to correspond with any one
desiring information concerning them.
Mrs. NATHANIEL E. CLEMENT,
Member of Virginia Historical Society,
Chatham, Pittsylvania County, Va.
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Correspondence and lists of books solicited from
collectors everywhere.
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The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, which is issued
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tion a limited number of advertisements of a suitable character.
The special attention of Schools, Colleges and Booksellers are
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707 E, Franklin^ Richmond^ Va,
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The Virginia Historical Society.
Mentbem art rcqu«Hted to solidt coritril)utiaiis of books, itiaps, pof*
uai tH, nod maniiscripts ol hbtoricaJ value or importaoce, parUciilarly
idcb as mv^y throw U^bt upon the poUllcal, social or relJKicMis life cif
ihe people af Virc^iJiia.
*rhc Sockiy w^ become tb€ custodian of Audi artkle& ot \hm ctmr*
^trr as the poescssotv may from any caitse be unwUluig lo give, nod
in die case of faintly papers or other mantiacrtpts wbkh it may be
tint]eftirab]e to puliliiihr it will, upoa request, keep them co<ifidenH»l.
M^A Urgxi Jire finra/ safe has been seaircd and placed in the
Sodcty*s biutdlog, ui whidi all aianuscripis and papefB of value are
euefuEy preierved by the Librarian*
In the vlci^itiidcit of war, aod the repealed removals to which the
Society^s Library has been subjected, many Tottunef have been lost
and the sets broken. Odd vc^amesi from the collectiooi tdlts metn-
beia and ucll^wishefa mil therefore be gratefully received*
It i$ evpecialty desirable to secure as complete a collection as possi-
ble of early Virginia newspap^^rs, periodicals and almanacs.
Any t>ook or paujplilct wtitiefi by a naJive or resident of Virginia,
published or printed ui Viri^nta, or in any way relating to Virginia
or Virginians, will be accepted and prederved.
TAe S&ci^ly requests ^fts 9/ pk^ipgmphs {i^a^mel si^e) c/ ^M fi^^*
iraiis q/ Virginians^ or pk&fagrapks, driumngs^ &c.^ &f Conis pf
Arms q/ VirgimaJ^miiiis^ Ai^ums Amfr &i^H pravid^^ and am i«-
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STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA,
RICHMOND, VTRGrNIA,
CAPITAL, , - _
SURPLUS & PROFITS,
$800,000
$270,000
JOHN S^ ELLETT, /^M'dmt WM- Iki HILL» OMfr.
Ate?cancler Cameron^
Win. M, Hill.
Horace S Hawes*
J. L* Anifim*
ShVB DEPOSIT BOXES hX)R REin\
mta,t9^ttr*
The First National Bank
OF RICHMOND, VA.
tuii4i?id»d PM0CM. — .«-„.«^.p — lao^ooj v*t*"v,«wv.vv
Depusltl.. ..**...... - -..- 4t500,000.(K>
Ixwtii -.-,,,,,,,, -„...„ .-., 4,50O,M0.W
IbUI RmmrMi....... ,.« e^saaiOOO.OO
Tbb i5 ihr- Tftr£f-Ft Bank in Vlttfiola, and by rrnsati of its larg^ volume
of Uusiitt:;!^ and favorabk couuecnoui^ North, Soulti^ East tnd West, e^-
XnmXs fficitkie^ a.1 mtt!^ which *!imalicr Banlcii can not a.6bnl Tbe expense
of iiandtin^ .1 krgi;, wrM sy^tc^matiAc^d bunness » also less in pmpoition than
UiM af u 3m^li«r iTLSlitution.
Tke First Hatf<^iial Banit in addition to the Urge bu^indss of lis Rkfa-
mofid piUrun.'i, b;indlt;i, BY MAIL, hundr^da of accauat^ Uxr Mertluiiits,
Manufactarerx, Corporiition:^, ladividuatx and Banks tlirongfioriit Vinpnmj
West Virginia^ Nurlh Carahas, South Caraltni and Geori^.
We ja^ie personal iatervit«5 or corrcipoadence from prospective
janii M MiLLsxJf^ Vice'Pre5iiiieat«ad Cashier*
CiiA^E. R. BimNKTT. AssiftiniCasMftr,
J» C JoFUtK, Afii^Rtfutt CaslHer.
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THE
VIRGINIA MAGAZINE
OF
HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
RICHMOND, VA.
VOL. XIII— No. 4. AHRIL, 1G06.
Entered at the Postotlice at Richmond, Va., as Second-dasa Matter.
VVM. ELLIS JONES. PRINTER, ^'^'^'^^"^ ^^
1307 R* Franklin St.
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PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.
ARCHER ANDERSON, CHAS. V. MEREDITH,
E. W. JAMES, E. V. VALENTINE,
Rev. W. MEADE CLARK.
EDITOR OF THE MAGAZINE,
WILLIAM G. STANARD.
CONTENTS.
1. 1 Revolutionary Army Orders, for the Main Army
under Washington, 1778-1779 337
2. The Early Westward Movement of Virginia,
1722-34 351
3. Virginia in 1639-40, From the English Public
Record Office 375
4. Council and General Court Records 389
5. Virginia Gleanings in England 402
6. Meade, R. K., Letter of 409
7. Virginia I^egislative Papi^rrA, 1774-75 411
8. Historical and Genealogical Notes and Queries 425
9. Fredericksburg Virginia Gazette, 1787-1803.
Memoranda from 425
10. Genealogy 441
The Brent, Brooke and Mallory* Families.
11. Book Reviews 447
12. History in its Relation to Literature. An Ad-
dress Before the Annual Meeting of the Vir-
ginia Historical Society. By Prof. W. P. Trent. 451
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THE
Virginia Magazine
OF
HISTORY AND BJOGI^PHY.
Vol. XIIL APRIL, 1906. No. 4.
REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDERS
For the Main Army under Washington. 1778-1779.
(From Originals in the Collection of the Virginia Historical Society.)
[Among the manuscript collections of the Virginia Historical
Society are five small volumes somewhat worn and faded, and
frequently the writing is difficult to read.
These books were presented to the Society many years ago
by the heirs of Col. Charles Dabney, amongr whose papers they
were found.
Charles Dabney was Lieutenant Colonel of the Second Vir-
ginia Regiment, and is on the roll as such on June 17th, 1778.
He subsequently served as Colonel of a Virginia State Regi-
ment from 1778 to 1781. These orders — none of which have
ever been printed — cover the operations of the main army under
General Washington nearly throughout the momentous years
1778 and 1779.
From the writing and spelling it is evident that most of them
have been copied in the books by persons of very limited educa-
tion, who have apparently, as far as spelling is concerned, not
transcribed the orders correctly. From other sources it is known
that many of the persons who issued these orders were better ac-
quainted with the ordinary rules of spelling than those who made
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338 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the copies now preserved. It appears from the dates given on
the fly leaf of the first volume, that several months in the early
part of 1778 are missing from the record.]
Revolutionary Order Book — Headquarters, Jan. 1778
TO Headquarters, June 3, 1778.
May 3 1778.*
Brigadier to morrow Maxwell* F. O. Colo Wesson' & Maj'
Brigade Major Bannester*
The Inspector from Larnards*
For Detachment Cololonel Hall & Major Sumner.
In future no Guard in Camp is to be suffered to remain on
Duty more than 48 hours without being releived. On Monday
next the several Brigades will begin their exercise at Six o' Clock
and Continue till 8 O* Clock in the morning and from 5 to 6
O'clock in the afternoon the men for Guard not to attend the
exercise. The Medicine Chests from L* Sterlings' Devision to
be sent to the Yellow Springs immediately to be Refilled by the
Apothecary Gen' — The Paymaster of the Marqus' and Gen*
Wains Devision are to Call on the P. M. Gen' for a months Pay
next Monday. Poors', Glovers* the Barren De Calbs on Tues-
day, Weedens*" Muhlenburgs the Artillery & Maxwells on
* At the date upon which these orders begin the American Army un-
der General Washington was still stationed at Valley Forge where it
had passed its famous winter.
On June 18th the British Forces evacuated Philadelphia.
* Brigadier William Maxwell of New Jersey.
•Col. James Wesson of Massachusetts.
* Probably Captain Seth Banister of Massachusetts.
* Brigadier General Ebenezer Lamed of Massachusetts.
•Maj. Gen. William Alexander, commonly called from the Scottish
title claimed by him Lord Sterling.
^ Marquis de la Fayette.
® Brigadier General Enoch Poor of New Jersey.
* Brigadier General John Glover of Massachusetts.
^® Brigadier General George Weedon of Virginia.
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY RECORDS. 339
Wednesday, late Conways, Varnoms" & Mclntoshes" on Thurs-
day.
for Guard ... ^ic * *
W. Command . . * * *
Muhlenburgs * * *
May 4 1778.
A Brigade Court Martial whereof Major * * * is Presi-
dent to set to morrow at the President's Quarters at 10 O* Clock
for the Tryal of all the Prisoners in the Brigade. G. O. Bri-
gadier Gen* to morrow Waine F. O. Col** Martin Maj' Hust.
Brigade Major Haskell." The Inspector from Pattersons."
The Sub & Brigade Inspectors are to be pointedly exact in
pursueing the writen instructions of the Inspector General —
that the strictest uniformity may be observed throughout the
whole army they are not to practice a single manoeuver without
his directions nor any method different from it any alteration or
innovation will again plunge the army into that contrarity and
confusion from which it is indeavouring to amend. The hours
of exercise are also to be exactly attended to by each Brigade
for which — that no difference may arrise in account of watches,
* * * attention is to be added to the Order of the ist April
last, for * * * them by that of the Adjutant Gen* .
The Commander in Chief requests the Brigadiers & Officers
Commanding Brigades will see that these Orders are strictly
complyed with, hopeing we shall not slip the golden oppertunity
which now presents its self of disciplineing the army and that
each Brigade will vie with each other in arriveing at the highest
and earliest pitch of excellency. For the sake of decency the
Gen* hopes that the Commanding Officers of Regiments will
order their necessaries to be hid with boughs or hurdles — the last
tho more troublesome at first will allways serve as they can easyly
" Brigadier General James M. Varnum of Rhode Island.
" Brigadier General Lachlan Mcintosh of Georgia.
" Major Elnathan Haskell of Massachusetts.
** Brig. General John Paterson of Massachusetts.
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340 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
be removed — stricter attention is Requested to the Order 15th
last March respecting hides.
C
S
S
c
P
for Guard
I.
-
I.
I.
6
Weeks Comm*
.
I.
0.
0.
2
Muhlenburgs
.
-
-
I.
9
Court Martial
2.
I.
-
-
-
3-
2.
I.
2.
17
Head Quarters May 5 1778.
Brigadier to morrow Poor F. O. Colo^ Nagle" & Maj' Gilman.
Brigade Major Seely" Inspector from VVeedons Brigade.
Aaron Ogden" Esq' is appointed Brigade Major in General
* * * Brigade and is to be obeyed and Respected as such.
Mr. Davis Bevan is appointed by the Quarter Master
superinting the Artificers and to Deliver out boards plank &c
in future. Therefore, when boards or planks are wanting or
Artificers are necessary to do any Jobs in the army, an Order
signed by a General Officer or Officers Commanding Brigades
or Brigade Quarter Masters and derected to Mr. Bevan at
Sullivans Bridge will be duly attended to. If their are any
Comb makers in the Army the Brigadiers and Officers Com-
manding Brigades are desired to make a return of them to the
Adjutant General. A Flag goes into Philadelphia next fry-
day. At a Gen* Court Martial whereof Col* Tyler was
President at the Gulph Mills May 2, '78, Jn* Maneld
a Soldier in Colonel Henry Jackson's** Regiment Tryed
for desertion from his Post whilst on Gentry and unanimously
found guilty of a Breach of Article the i" Section 6 & Article
the 6 Section 13 of the articles of war and unanimously Sentenced
to be hanged by the neck till he is Dead. At a Brigade Court
"Col. Geo. Nagel of Pennsylvania.
*• Major Isaac Seeley of Pennsylvania.
" Aaron Ogden of New Jersey.
"Col. Henry Jackson of Massachusetts. The Virginia Historical
Society possesses many of his letters and other papers.
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDERS. 341
Martial whereof Colonel Becker was President Ap* 24, '78
Thomas Hartnel a soldier in the 2 Pennsylvania Regiment tryed
for deserting to the Enimy found Guilty and unanimously Sen-
tanced to be hanged by the neck till he is Dead, his Excellency
the Commander in Chief approves the foregoing Sentences.
The General Court Martial whereof Colonel Tyler was Presidant
is disolved. •
S C P
for Guard . . . . i. - 6
W Command ... 3
Muhlenburgs . i. i. 10
2. I. 19
After General Orders
Mav 5 1778.
* It haveing pleased the almighty Ruler of the Universe Propi-
tiously to defend the Cause of the United American States and
finally by Raising us up a powerfuU friend amongst the Princes
of the Earth to establish our Liberties & Independance upon
lasting foundations — it becomes us to set apart a day for great-
fully acknowledging the Divine Goodness, & Celebrating the
important event which we owe to his benign interposition
— the several Brigades are to assemble for that purpose at
9 O'clock tomorrow morning when their Chaplains will Com-
municate the Inteligence contained in the Pennsylvania Gazette
of the 2 Instant, and offer a thanks given and deliver a discourse
suitable to the occasion — at half after ten o'Clock a Cannon will
be fired which is to be a signal for the men to be under arras.
The Brigade Inspectors will then inspect their dress and arms,
form the Battilions according to the instructions given them, and
announce to the Commanding officer of Brigade that the Bat-
tilions are formed — the Brigadier or Commandants will then
appoint the Field Officers to Command the Battilions after which
Battilions will be ordered to load and Ground their arms — at
♦On February 6, 1778, France made treaties of friendship and com-
merce and of defensive alliance with the United States, and in March
formally communicated to England her treaties with America.
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842 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
half after eleven a second Cannon will be fired as a signal for
the march, upon which the several Brigades will begin their
march, by wheeling to the Right by Platoons, and proceed by
the nearest way to the left of their ground in the new Position,
this will be pointed out by the Brigade Inspectors, a third signal
will be given upon which their will be a discharge of 13 Ginnon,
when the 13th * * a runing fire of the Infantry will begin
on the right of * * * , & Continuing thro out the whole
frunt line — it will then be taken up on the left of 2d line and .
Continue to the Right — upon a signal Given the whole army
will Huzza long live the King of France. The Artillery then
begin again and fires 13 Rounds this will be succeeded by a second
General discharge of Musketry in runing fire — Huzza and long
live the Friendly Europion Powers — then the last discharge of
13 Pieces of Artillery will be given, followed by a General run-
ing fire & Huzza to the American States, their will be no exer-
cise in the morning and the dayly guards will not Parade till
after the Feu de Joye is finished — when the Brigade Majors will
march them out to the Grand Parade, the Adjutants then tell
off their Battalions with 8 Platoons and the Commanding Officers
re-conduct them to their Camps marching from the left. Maj'
Gen* Lord Sterling will Command on the Right — the Marquis
De La Fayette on the left — and Baron De Calb the 2d Line-
each Major General will Conduct the first Brigade of his Com-
mand to its Ground. The other Brigades will be conducted by
their Commanding officers in seperate Columns, the post of
each Brigade will be pointed out by the Baron Stubins** Aids.
Maj' Walker will attend L* Sterling, Maj' Duponso the Marquis
De La Fayette & Linfant, the Baron De Calb — the line
is to be formed Interval of a foot between the Files.
Each man is to have a Jill of Rum, the Quarter Masters of the
several Brigades are to apply to Adjutant General for an Order
on the Commissary of Military Stores for the number of Blank
Cartridges that may be wanted.
" Baron Von Steuben.
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDER^. 848
Head Quarters Valley Forge May 6 1778.
S S C P
Detail for Guard . . i. i. - 5
Muhlenburgs . . . ^ - i. 9
I. 1. I. 14
Head Quarters May 7th 1778.
Brigadier to morrow Muhlenburg — F. O. Colo Farmer** &
Maj' Varnom.
Brigade Major Tynechie Inspector from Muhlenburgs.
Brigadier Maxwell Colo Broadhead" Colo* Bruger L* Col*
Sherman" L* Colo Haskell Maj' Hopkins & Major Porter.
The Detachment to be on the Grand parade this evening at 4
O'clock — 12 Captains 24 subs 24 Serjeants, 24 Corporals, 4
Drums & fifes & 576 Privates to be paraded this afternoon pre-
paired for a weeks Command — two light field pieces are to be
attached to this Command, Colo Vanskykers Regiment will
mount the Piquet at Cuckolds town till further orders.
W" Barber" Fsq' is appointed A. D. C. to Maj' Gen* Lord
Sterling Vice Williams resigned and is to be respected
accordingly.
The Hono Congress have been pleased by a resolution of the
3 February last to require all officers as well Civell as Military
holding Commissions under them to take and subscribe the fol-
lowing Oath or Affirmation according to the Circumstances of
the Parties:
I do acknowledge the united States of America to be free In-
dependant & Soverign States and declair the people thereof
owe no allegiance or obediance to George the 3d of Great
Britain, and I renounce refuse and abjure any allegiance to
him and I do swear (or Affirm) that I will to the utmost of my
power support maintain and defend the said United States
^ Probably Col. Lewis Farmer of Pennsylvania.
" Col. Daniel Broadhead of Pennsylvania.
"Lt. Col. Isaac Sherman of Connecticut.
"Maj. Wm. Barber of New Jersey.
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844 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
against the said King George the 3d his heirs and successors
and his and their abettors assistants and adherants and will serve
the said United State in the office of which I now hold
with fidelity, according to my best skill and understanding.
Sworn to before me at .
In order to accomplish this very interesting and essential
work as early as possible. The following Officers are to ad-
minister the oath and give Certificates to Officers of the Division
or Brigade and Corps set against their names, including the
Staff— Maj' Gen* L* Sterling, Marquis De La Fayette, to those
of Woodfords"* and Scotts** Brigades. Baron De Calb to those
of Glovers and Learnards Brigades, Brig' Mcintosh to those of
the North Carolina Brigades, Brig' Gen* Maxwell to those of his
own Brigade, Brigadier General Knox to those of the Artillery
in Camp and Officers of Military Stores, Brigadier Gen* Poor to
those of his own Brigade, Brigadier Gen* Varnum to those of
his own and Huntingtons Brigades, Brig' Gen' Patterson to
those of his own brigade. Brig' Waine to those of the ist & 2d
Pensylvania brigades, Brigadier Muhlenburg to those of his
own and Weedons brigades. Printed copies of the oath will be
immediately lodged in the hands of the Major and Brigadier
Generals to facilitate the business, the Gen* administering the
oaths will keep a duplicate of the same and to grant Certificates
when it is made — in the beginning of the oath, the Names, Rank
and Corps of the party makeing it are to be inserted, the duplicate
of the oath and Certificate is to be returned to head Quarters by
the Generals who will also keep those respecting the officers of
each Regiment by themselves, that an arraingment of the whole
may be made with greater ease and accuracy. Major General
Green is to administer the same oath and grant the same Certifi-
cate to the officers of his department. The Commissary of Pro-
visions both Issuing and purchaseing and to the Commissary of
Forage and his deputies, besides which he is to administer to
the said Officers respectively the following oath and to grant
duplicate Certificates, I do swear (or Affirm) that
I will faithfully truly and impartially execute the Office of
** Brigadier General William Woodford of Virginia.
" Brigadier General Charles Scott of Virginia.
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDERS. 346
to which I am appointed and render a true account when their-
unto required of all publick monies by me received or expended
and of all Stores and other Effects to me intrusted which belongs
to the united States, and will in all respects discharge the trust
reposed in me with Justice and integrity to the best of my skill
and understanding. Sworn to by me this day of 1778.
The Commander in Chief takes occation to proclaim Pardon
to all prisoners whatsoever, now in confinement wether in the
Provost or any other Place: this he is induced to do from a
desire that the influence of our prosperity may be as extencive
as possible and from an unwillingness of those who merit punish-
ment rather than favour shoud be excluded from the benefit of
an event so interesting to mankind as that which has lately
happened in the affaii*s of America. He hopes the indulgence
will not be abused but will excite gratitude in all those who are
objects of it, and produce a change of Conduct and an abhor-
rence of every Practice inconsistant with the duty they owe
their Country. The Commander in Chief takes perticular pleas-
ure in acquainting the army that their Conduct Yesterday af-
forded him the highest satisfaction, the exactness and order
with which their movements were performed is a pleasing evi-
dence of the progress they are making in Military improvements,
and an earnest of the perfectness to which they will shortly
arrive with a Continuance of that laudible Zeal and emulation
which so happily prevails. The General at the same time pre-
sents his thanks to Baron Stuben and the Gentlemen acting
under him for the Indefatigable exertions of the dutys of their
office, the good effect of which are allready so apparent, and for
the care, activity & propriety manifested in conducting the
Bussiness of yesterday.
Head Quarters Vally Forge May 8 1778.
Brigadier Gen* to morrow Patterson, F. O. L*.
Colonel Syme & Major Pauling.
Brigade Major Marvin.
Inspector from Maxwell.
S C P
For Guard . . . . i. - 5
Gen* Muhlenburgs . . i. i. 9
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346 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Head Quarters Vally Forge May 9 1778.
Brigadier to Morrow Waine F. O. Colonel.
Selia & L' CoP Gray.
Brigade Major Johnson.
Inspector from late Con ways.
The hours appointed for the exercise of the Troops having
been changed makes it necessary to alter the hours appointed for
the Drumers to practice which will for the future be from 5 to 6
in the morning & from 4 to 5 in the afternoon, any Drumer that
shall be found practiceing at any other time than the above
mentioned shall be severely punished.
The Adjutants of the several Regiments are to pay perticular
attention to this order as they will bfe answerable for the execu-
tion of it. The use of the drums are as signals to the army and
if every Drumer is allowed to beat at their pleasure the inten-
tion is intirely distroyed as it will be impossibe to distinguish
wheter thay are beating for their own pleasure or for a signal
for the Troops.
The Congress has been pleased to appoint Baron Stuben In-
spector General with the rank of Major General and the Com-
mander in Chief being invested with power to appoint the In-
spector and Brigade Inspectors he Continues in Office those
who have allready bin nominated and appointed — The languid
progress of the essential works of defence which have bin
traced by the Engineers gives the Commander in Chief real
concern — The calls upon those officers who superintend them to
use their utmost exertions to have them Completed without loss
of time — At a General Court Martial whereof Colo* Febeger
was Presidant May 5 78 Robert Anderson late Waggon Master
in the Marquis Division Tryed for selling a Riffle marked U. S.
found guilty and sentanced to redeem the Riffle and return it to
the first Pensylvania Regiment to which the person who lately
had it in possession belonged, approved and ordered to take
place. At the same Court L* McDonold of the 3d Pensylvania
Regiment Tryed for absenting himself from his Reg* without
the concent of his Commanding Officer — upon mature Concider-
ation of the Charge and Evidences the Court are of opinion
that the Prisoners Justifycation is sufficiant & acquit him of the
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDERS. 347
the Charge exhibited against him — The Commander in Chief
confirms the opinion of the Court & orders L' McDonold to be
released from his arrest.
S C P
for Guard i. - 5 •
Gen* Muhlenburg . . . .-1.9
I. I 14
Head Quarters Vally Forge May 10 1778.
Brigadier to morrow Poor.
F. O. L* Colonel Starr* & Maj' Nicholas.
Brigade Major Minnis"
Inspector from Huntingtons" Brigade.
C S
for Guard . . , - i.
W Command with 2 days Pro' -
W Command . . - -
Gen* Muhlenburg . - -
s
c
p
I.
I.
5
-
I.
I
I.
I.
6
I.
I.
9
I. 3. 4. 21
D. O. May 10 1778.
The Gentlemen Officers of Gen' Greens division are re-
quested to attend at Gen* Muhlenburgs Quarters to morrow and
the day after in the forenoon to take the oath as proscribed by
a Resolve of Congress and the General Orders of the 7 Instant.
Peter Muhlenburg Brigadier
Commadant.
Head Quarters May 11 1778.
Brig' to morrow Mcintosh, F. O, Colo*
"•Lt Col. Josiah Starr of Connecticut.
^ Probably Callowhill Minnis of Va.
•Brig. General Jabez Huntington of Connecticut.
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348 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Parker* & L' Colo* Nevell**
Brig. Major Claybourn.
The Inspector from Varnoms Brigade.
A Court of Inquiry to set to morrow morning at 9 O* Clock
at Gen* Varnoms hutt to take into Consideration a Complaint
exhibited by Colonel Green** against Colonel Steward Bng'
Gen' Varnom is appointed Presidant Colonels Grayson" & Biga-
low^ L* Colonels Wisingfield & Brily and Major Ward will at-
tend as members.
The Gen' Officers are desired to attend at head Quarters to
morrow at 11 O' Clock A. M. that they may take the oath ap-
pointed by Congress in the Resolution of 3* of Feb*y last, and
was published in Gen' Orders of the 7 instant. At a Gen' C. M.
whereof Colonel Febiger was President Ap' 28 1778 Capt Thomas
Lucas'* of Colonel Malcolmns Regiment Tryed for assuming the
Rank of Captain when a Lieutenant 2°**'^ for discharging an
Enlisted Soldier and also for receiving a sum of money for so
doing thirdly for returning the said Soldier deserted in the
Muster Roll after discharging of him found Guilty of the Charges
exhibited against him being Breaches of Article the 5. 18 Sec-
tion & 2d Article of the 3d Section also of the 5 Article and 5
Section of the Articles of war and sentanced to be discharged
the Service — Also L* Barron of Colonel Wigglesworths" Regi-
ment Tryed for strikeing L' Page & 2°^*'' for un Gentlemanlike
behaviour, found Guilty of the Charges exhibited against him
and Sentanced to be Cashiered and rendered incapable of ever
serving in the United States in a Military Capacity The Com-
mander in Chief approves the sentance & orders it to take place
immediately. At the same Court Capt Morrison"* of the ist
Jersey Regiment tryed for selling as substitutes Men who were
» Probably Col. Richard Parker of Va.
•^Lt. Col. John Neville of Va.
»» Col. John Green of Va.
" Col. William Grayson of Va.
^ Col. Timorthy Bigelow of Massachuetts,
•• Capt. Thomas Lucas of New York.
** Col. Edward Wigglesworth of Massachusetts.
*• Isaac Morrison of New Jersey.
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REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ORDERS. 349
deemed incapable by an express Law of the State of being such
& for selling Soldiers as substitutes who were before inlisted for
the common bounty, upon Consideration of the Charges and
evidence the Court are unanimously of opinion that Captain
Morrison is Guilty but as he does not appear to have been actu-
ated by self interested, as his actions which are most centured
have arose from a desire of promoting the good of the Service
the Court determins that he does not merit censure. The
Gen* Confirms the Sentence, at the same time he cannot forbare
remarking that the practice of selling Soldiers as substitutes is
an abuse of the highest nature & pregnant with the most perni-
cious consequences tho their is every Reason to hope in the
present Instance that it did not proceed from selfish Pecuniary
motives yet it is in its self of so daingerous attendancy and so
inconsistent with every Rules of propriety that he cannot but
merit the severest reprimand Captain Morrison is releaved from
his arrest. At the same Court by adjournment Ap' 29, 78 Ad-
jutant Thomson of the 9 Pensy' Regiment tryed for refusing to
come when sent for by Major Nicholas & 2d for treating Major
Nicholas after comeing to him with ill language acquited of the
first Charge but found Guilty of the second & Sentenced to be
privately reprimanded by the Officer Commanding the Brigade.
The General remits the Sentance from a Consideration that the
Conduct observed towards Mr. Thomson must exceedingly
wound his fealings and excited him to a warmth of expression
for which he was Censured. Adjutant Thomson is released from
his arrest.
S C P
for Guard . . . . i. o. 5
Week Command ... - - 2
In Guards . . . . - i. 9
I. I. 16
Head Quarters May 12, 1778
Brigadier to Morrow Muhlenburg
F. O. L* Co' Bedlam & Major Murphey
Brig* Major McCormack
Inspector from Mclntoshes Brigade
The Court Martial whereof Colo' Febeger was President is
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350 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
disolved & another Ordered to set to morrow at the usual place
whereof Colon* Bowman" is appointed President a Captain from
each Brigade is to attend as members. Elnathan Haskell
Esquire is appointed Brigade Major in Gen* Pattersons Brigade
Vice Major McClure and is to be obeyed as such.
S S C P
Detail for Guard . . - - - 5
Weeks Command . . - - - 3
In Guards . . . - - i. 9
Head Quarters May 13 1778.
Brigadier Gen to morrow Patterson.
F. O. Colonel Gibson" & L* Colonel Ball"
Brig* Major McKinney.
The Inspector from Woodfords Brigade.
Taken up the 11 May two Stray Horses one 14 hands high
a light Gray the other a dark Bay about 12 hands high the one
6 or 7 Years old the other 9 or 10 the owners are desired to
prove their property, pay Charges and fetch them away from
Anthony Richards Charles Town Chester County.
S
S
c
p
Detail for Guard
I.
I.
I.
5
fortnights Command .
I.
0.
I
In Guards
.
I.
I.
9
fatigue
.
I.
0.
17
Quarter Guards .
.
-
I.
6
I. 4- 3- 38
R. O. May 14 1778.
A Regimental Court Martial to set to day for the Tryal of all
the Prisoners that may be brought before them
Capt Crump President
Members
V Campbell L* Rudder
L' Piper L' Best
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
"Col. Abraham Bowman of Virginia.
" George and John Gibson were Colonels in Revolution from Vir-
ginia.
'*Lt. Col. Burgess Ball of Virginia.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 851
THE EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF
VIRGINIA, 1722.1734.
As Shown by the Proceedings of the Colonial Council.
Edited and Annotated by Charles E. Kemper, Washington, D. C
(concluded. )
April 23. 1734.
On reading a Petition from the Inhabitants on the North
West side of the Blue Ridge of Mountains, praying that some
person may be appointed as Magistrates* to determine Differ-
*This ofder evidences the further advance of civilization in Vir-
ginia toward the West. The administration of justice had now be-
come necessary, and Fredericksburg, to which place the county seat ot
Spotsylvania was removed in 1732, was at least eighty-five miles dis-
tant from the Opequon settlement, with the Blue Ridge between
them. The prayer of these petitioners was soon granted. In August,
1734, the county of Orange was formed from Spotsylvania. East of the
Blue Ridge it included territory embraced in present Orange, Culpep-
er, Rappahannock, Madison and Green, while on the west it extended
to "the utmost limits of Virginia." (Hening, Vol. IV., pp. 450-51.)
This was probably the greatest political subdivision of territory
ever created by legislative enactment of the Anglo-Saxon race. It
included all the territory then belonging to Virginia west of the Blue
Ridge, which comprised all of present West Virginia, and the States of
Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. Its jurisdiction was real as far
as the white settlements then extended westward.
The first Justices compo.sing the County Court of Orange were
Augustine Smith, Goodrich Lightfoot, John Taliaferro. Thomas Chew,
Robert Slaughter, Abraham Field, Robert Green, James Barbour, John
Finlason, Richard Mauldin, Samuel Ball. Francis Slaughter, Zachary
Taylor, John Lightfoot, James Petlow, Robert Eastham, Benjamin Cave,
Charles Curtis, Joist Hite, Morgan Morgan, Benjamin Burden, John
Smith and George Hobson. The five justices last named are the same
persons mentioned in this Order, and all of them resided in the vicinity
of present Winchester. No person living within the limits of present
Augusta county appears in this list, which indicates that in 1734 nearly
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352 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ences and punish Offenders in regard the Petitioners live fer
remote from any of the established Counties within the Colony,
It is the Opinion of the Council that Joost Hyte. [Jost Hite]
Morgan Morgan, John Smith, Benjamin Bourden [Borden]
and George Hobson be appointed Justices within the Limits
aforesaid, and that they be added to the Com'n of Spotsylvania
until there be a sufficient Number of Inhabitants on the North-
west side of the said Mountains to make a County of itself,
But that the Persons above named be not Obliged to give their
attendance as Justices of the Court of the County of Spotsylva-
nia.
A Petition of the Inhabitants on Shenando River in behalf of
themselves and others intending to settle there praying that an
address may be made to His Majesty to remit to the s'd In-
habitants the Quit Rents* of their Lands for a Term not exceed-
all of the inhabitants of the Virginia Valley resided in the present
county of Frederick.
The westward movement of Virginia was now commencing in earn-
est, although it must be borne in mind that the country west of the
Blue Ridge was still an almost unbroken wilderness.
♦In the act establishing Orange County, the inhabitants of the Valley
were exempted from all taxes and parish levies for the space of three
years. (Hening, Vol. IV, pp. 450451). Of Vincent Pearse and
William Allen there is no definite information, except that the
former was one of the early settlers in the vicinity of Winchester.
Charles Chiswell was mentioned in the October number of the Maga-
zine, p. 135, note 15.
The land embraced in this Order appears to have been located far
up the Valley of the Potomac, probably in the vicinity of present Cum-
berland, Md. The long dispute between Pennsylvania and Virginia
relative to the boundary of the former colony is here foreshadowed.
The details of this controversy are well known. In 1779 George
Bryan, John Ewing and David Rittenhouse, representing Pennsylva-
nia, and Rev. James Madison and Robert Andrews, representing Vir-
ginia, were appointed to settle the question. The line between
Maryland, Virginia and Pennsylvania was agreed upon August 31,
1779, conditionally ratified by Virginia June 23, 1780, and by Pennsyl-
vania September 23, 1780. April i, 1784, the agreement as ratified by
Virginia was nccepted by Pennsylvania and the question finally settled.
(.See Craig's Controversy beliveen Pennsylvania and Virginia^ etc.,
Pittsburg, 1843). The territory in dispute embraced the present city
of Pittsburg, then Fort Pitt, and was supposed by the Virginia Gov-
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 363
ing twelve years as an Encouragement for the more speedy
peoplingthat remote place of this Dominion; and Also a Peti-
tion of Vincent Pearse, William Allen & Charles Chiswell Gent,
in behalf of themselves & others praying a grant of Sixty
Thousand Acres of Land on the West side of the River Co-
hingorooton [Cahongoronta] and bounding northerly on the
East 7 West Lines of the Proprietors of Pennsylvania, were
severally read at the Board, and thereupon it was resolved that
application be made to His Majesty for removing all obstruc-
tions to the settlement of that part of the county & for grant-
ing such Temporary Exemptions and Encouragements to such
of His Majesty's Subjects and foreign Protestants as shall come
to inhabit there, as His Majesty shall judge most proper for the
speedy Settlement of that Frontier, And further consideration
of the said last mentioned Petition is postponed.
April 30, 1734.
On reading a Letter from Mr. Robert Brooke, Surveyor of
the Lands on Shenando [Shenandoah] River. It is Ordered
That the said Robert Brooke do prepare a Map* of the Lands
eminent to be within the limits of Augusta county. Sessions of the
Augusta County Court were held at Fort Pitt in 1775 and 1776 by ad-
journment from Staunton, Va. For names of Justices composing tljis
court and its proceedings, see Annals of Carnegie Museum^ Vol. I. pp.
525-68, 1902.
*No copy of this map is known to be in existence, although Council
Order ot June 13, 1734, shows that it was prepared. The only contem-
poraneous maps of this period extant are the Courses of the Rivers
Rappahannock and Potowmack, etc., f7s6-/7J7y2ir\<\ The Survey of the
Northern Neck of Virginia^ etc., 1736-1737. Copies of these maps are
in the Library of Congress. They are both anonymous, but Phillips,
in his Virginia Cartography, states that the former was probably
prepared by the surveyors of Lord Fairfax, and the latter by Col.
William Mayo. In the United Coast Survey Office there is a manuscript
map prepared by Robert. Brooke, showing the Potomac river from the
mouth of the Shenandoah to Chapawamsick Creek, surveyed in 1737.
The maps first above mentioned, correctly show the general topogra-
phy of the country and illustrate the fact that the Piedmont section of
the Northern Neck and the Shenandoah Valley then constituted the
western verge of civilization in the colony. The settlements in the
upper part of the Valley are not shown, doubtless because they were
not within the controverted bounds of the Northern Neck.
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364 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
lying on the said River and attend the Board with the same at
the next Court of Oyer and Terminer for the better Explaining
what is contained in the said Letter.
. June 12, 1734.
Joost Hite having made proof of the Seating the Lands
Conveyed to him by John & Isaac Vanmader [Van Meter] on
the western side of Sherrando [Shenandoah] River by bring-
ing thereon to Dwell one Family for each 1000 Acres and also
part of the Land granted him and Robert Mackay and others
thereunto adjoining, It is ordered that patents* be granted to
the Several Masters of Families residing there for the Quanti-
ties of Land Surveyed for them respectively pursuant to the
Condition on which the s'd Land was First taken up and the
Surveys now returned into the office.
On hearing this Day at the Board the matter in dispute Be-
tween Henry Willis Gent, and William Russellf touching a
*An examination of the land records at Richmond shows that the
patents here mentioned were not issued by the Colonial government.
It has been observed that, commencing with the Council Orders to
John Van Meter and Jacob Stover in 1730, Colonel Robert Carter, as
agent of Lord Fairfax, had filed protests against these grants of land
in the lower valley, claiming that they were within the Northern Neck.
The Council was put upon notice to this effect as early as 1728, when
Colonel Carter filed a caveat against the grant to Larkin Chew and
others tor lands in the vicinity of Front Royal. ( Virginia Magazine^
Vol. XllI, pp. 1 14-115). In 1733 Lord Fairfax addressed a petition to
the King, setting up his claims to the lands in controversy, and an
Order was made in Council restraining the Virginia Government from
perfecting these grants until the boundaries of the Northern Neck
could be definitely ascertained and settled. {Revised Code of Vir-
ginia^ 1819, Vol. II , pp. 344-46). This Order is evidence that in 1734
forty families were settled on and near the Opequon in the vicinity of
Winchester, and the colony must then have numbered about two
hundred and fifty souls.
tit is almost certain that this was the land taken up by Larkin Chew
and others prior to October 18, 1728, mentioned in previous note. This
efiort of William Russell and Larkin Chew was the first attempt made
by civilized man to acquire land in the Valley of Virginia.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 356
Tract of Land Lying in Spotsylvania County on the East side
of Sherrando River first taken up by the said Russell and divers
other his partners in the year 1728. It is ordered that unless
the said Russell do at the next Court of oyer and Terminer to
be held in the month of December produce proper assignments
from the persons who were first petitioners for the said Land
and perfect his Survey of the 10,000 acres granted him in
Spotsylvania County as a part of the 20,000 acres formerly
allowed for him to Survey on Sherrando River and be ready
then to take out his patent for the same he be excluded
from all benefit of his Former Grant so far as Relates to the
Land on the East side Sherrando River and that the same be
granted to the said Henry Willis and it is further ordered that
the Survey shall not Extend above ten miles up the River
from the beginning at the Mouth of Happy Creek.
On hearing this Day the matter in dispute between Robert
Mackay Joost Hite* and others their partners and William
Russell touching the right to Certain Lands on Sherrando River
*The subsequent history of this grant is involved in the long litiga-
tion between Jost Hite and Lord Fairfax, of which frequent mention
has been made in these notes. By the year 1736 Hite and his partners
had succeeded in settling fifty-four families upon this tract, when Fair-
fax entered a caveat against the issuing of patents to them, and, in addi-
tion, the restraining Order of 1733 mentioned in a previous note was
still in force. When the dispute between Fairfax and the Crown was
ended, in 1745, Hite and his associates claimed their patents, insisting
that the Council Orders for their lands should be construed as grants
within the meaning of the Act of 1748, which recited the boundary line
controversy and confirmed the grantees of the Crown in possession of
their lands. This Fairfax resisted, claiming that the only titles con-
firmed by that Act were those cases in which patents had actually been
issued by the Crown. Hite and company then instituted a chancery
suit against Fairfax, in 1749. In October, 1771, a decree was entered in
favor of the plaintiffs, from which Fairfax appealed to the King in
Council, but the Revolution ended the appeal. The case was finally
decided by the Virginia courts in 1786 in favor of Hite and his associ-
ates. {Revised Code of Virginia^ 1819, Vol. II, pp. 344-47.) The
papers in this cause are said to have contained a full account of the cir-
cumstances attending the settlement of the country around Winchester,
but they were unfortunately destroyed with all other records of the
General Court when Richmond was evacuated in 1865.
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356 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Claimed By the said Russell and Included within a Grant to the
said Mackay and Hite for 100,000 acres. It is ordered that Mr.
Rob't Brooke do Survey the Ten Thousand acres of Land
Granted the said Russell in the Fork of Sherrando so as the
said Survey do not Extend to the said Robert Mackay*s pres-
ent Settlem* then one mile nor above Ten miles along the River
from his beginning place at the mouth of the Fork, and if within
these bounds he cannot have the aforesaid Quantity of Ten
Thousand acres that then the Survey be Extended back in a
Streight Course from the River towards the North Branch to
Compleat the same.
and forasmuch as during the Dispute Between the said partys
the Settlement of that Tract Granted to Mackey and Hite hath
been obstructed Further time is hereby allowed them & their
partners until Christmas 1735 to Comply with the Terms of their
Grant and in the mean time they may proceed to Survey the
same.
On the Petition of Henry Willis Gent, leave is granted him
to take up 10,000 Acres of Land in Spotsylvania County Begin-
ning at the mouth of Happy Creek* on the Line of the Land of
William Russell and Running Northerly between Sherrando
River and the mountains to Compleat that Quantity.
On the petition of William Beverly and Robert Brooke leave
is granted them to take up 4000 acres of Land in Spotsylvania
Countyt joining to the Land of Charles Burgess Deceased and
the great Mountains.
Whereas a barbarous Murder was sometime since committed
in Spotsylvania County by some of the Northern IndiansJ and
there being just Cause to suspect that the same was done by the
♦This land lay on the east bank of the Shenandoah. Its southern
boundary was at present Front Royal, and it extended down the river
into the present county of Clarke.
fThis land lay in the Little Fork of the Rappahannock, in the pres-
ent county of Culpeper, Charles Burgess was a resident of Lancaster
County, Va., and in August, 1734, the General Assembly passed an Act
concerning the settlement of his estate, which refers to land owned by
him in the Little Fork. ^Hening, Vol. IV, pp. 451-53)
% Governor Gooch had anticipated this action of the Council by send -
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 867
Nation of the Coonays [Conoys] under the Government of
Pennsylvania The Governor is requested to write to the Gov-
ing a letter to Hon. Patrick Gordon, then Governor of Pennsylvania,
which bears date July 13, 1733, and states in substance that a man and
his wife had been murdered and scalped in Spotsylvania County, Va.,
in April of that year, by the Conay (Coney) Indians. The murdered
persons evidently lived east of the Blue Bidge, because the Governor
stated that the Indians had shown the scalps to "the inhabitants at the
back of the Great Mountains.** He also stated that these Indians
lived in Pennsylvania under the protection of the Six Nations. Gov-
ernor Gordon replied by letter dated August 10. 1734. He expressed
regret and promised to do all in his power to bring the Indians to jus-
tice. He also expressed the opinion that the murder had been com-
mitted in April, 1732, a year prior to the date fixed by Governor Gooch.
The Pennsylvanians, he ^id, called these Indians Ganawese. {Min-
utes of the Provincial Council 0/ Pennsy/vania^ Vol. Ill, pp. 564-65.) In
1 701, the Ganawese, or Conoy, Indians were, with other tribes, parties
to an agreement with William Penn. They were described as ** inhabit-
ing in and about the northern part of the Potomac.'* (Proud's History
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1798, Vol. I, p. 429.) The residence of
this tribe upon the upper waters of the Potomac makes the suggestion
more certain that the Conai (Conoy), now Lost River, derived its
ancient name from them. ( Virginia Magazine, Vol. XIII, p. 131.)
Further investigation conclusively establishes the fact that there were
no permanent Indian settlements in the Valley of Virginia when the
whites came, except the Shawnee town at Winchester, and the Tusca-
rora settlement on the creek of that name in present Berkeley County,
West Virginia. After the return of Governor Keith, of Pennsylvania,
from his visit to Williamsburg in the spring of 1721, noticed in the last
issue of the Magazine, he held a conference with the Conestoga Indians
at their town on July 6, 1721. In addressing them he said: "But the
Governor of Virginia expects that you will not hunt within the Great
Mountains on the other [south] side of the Potomac River, being it is a
small tract of land which he keeps for the Virginia Indians to hunt in.*'
^Minutes of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania, Vol. Ill, p. 122 )
There is also earlier evidence of the same fact. At the Albany con-
ference of 1684, Lord Howard of Effingham, then Governor of Vir-
ginia, in addressing the Five Nations stipulated with them as follows:
"That you do not hinder or molest our friendly Indians from hunting
in our Mountains, it having been their country and none of yours.**
(Golden, History of the Five Nations^ London, 1755, Vol. I, p. 37, re-
print, 1902.) It thus seems certain that the Iroquois had conquered the
four tribes living west of the Blue Ridge prior to 1684. ( Virginia Mag-
azine, Vol. XIII, pp. 5-6, note.) In this conference Lord Howard
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358 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ernor of that Province to Enquire into the Truth of the Fact
and to use his authority for delivering up the murderers that
they may be punished for the said Crime.
June 13, 1734.
Ordered That there be paid to Major Robert Brooke for his
Trouble in preparing a Map of the Lands of the West Side
Sherrando River and attending to inform this Board of the
Settlements* made thereon, the Sum of Ten Guineas out of his
Majesty's Revenue of 2 p. Hogshead &c.
June 14, 1734.
[Granted] To Richard Randolph.! John Boiling & William
charged, and the Five Nations admitted, that they had for a number of
years past committed outrages upon the white and Indian inhabitants
living at the heads of the Virginia rivers. The authorities quoted
establish the fact historically that the Valley of Virginia was an
Indian hunting ground for many years prior to the coming of the whites
in 1730-32. If any such tribe as the Senedos, mentioned by Kercheval
and other writers as living on the North Branch of the Shenandoah,
ever existed, they were certainly exterminated by the Iroquois before
1722. At the Treaty of Albany (1722), Governor Spotswood expressly
named each Indian tribe then living in Virginia, and the Senedos were
not among them.
*This map, if in existence, would be of the greatest value to the his-
tory of Virginia west of the Blue Ridge. Evidently it was prepared,
and doubtless located each settlement then made beyond the moun-
tains. As stated in a previous note, the map prepared in 1736-1737 by
Robert Brooke simply shows the general topography of the Northern
Neck.
tThis was evidently Richard Randolph, of Curls, son of William Ran-
dolph, of Turkey Island, founder of that distinguished family in Vir-
ginia. He married Miss Boiling, a sister of John Boiling here men-
tioned. (Meade, Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia^
Vol. I, pp. 138-39, note). William Kennon resided at ** Conjuror's
Neck", on the Appomattox River. His sister Mary married John Boil-
ing, of Cobbs, who was probably the person of that name mentioned in
this Order. ( William and Mary College Quarterly^ Vol. IV, pp. 132-33).
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 859
Kennon 10,000 acres in Brunswick County beginning five miles
below the great Swamp on little Roanoak running ten miles up
the said River including the Land on both sides the said River
to be laid out in one or more tracts.
Sept. 5, 1734.
A Letter * from Patrick Gordon Esq'. Governor of the Province
of Pennsylvania and dated the Tenth Instant was read Signify-
ing that the Conai [Conoy] Indians had in Conference with him
denyed their being in any way concerned in the Murther Com-
mitted in Spotsylvania County and its ordered that further En-
quiry be made into the Circumstances and time of the said Murder.
The Cherokee Indians J having sent to the Governor by Wil-
liam Bellew an Indian Trader a Copy of the agreements Con-
cluded by the Lords Commissioners of Trade and Their Deputys
with a Message desiring Leave to trade here, It is the opinion of
the Council that it is for the Public Service and benefit of the
Colony to preserve the Friendship of the said Indians and there-
fore that all due Encouragement be given them to continue to
Trade with this Colony.
Sept. 2£, 1734.
For Reasons appearing to this Board It is this Day Ordered
♦ This Order should be read in connection with note 9.
t The Cherokees were the strongest of the southern Indian tribes.
They occupied the mountain regions of North and South Carolina,
Georgia and east Tennessee. In Virginia they claimed the southwest-
cm portion of the Valley as far north as the Peaks of Otter. This tribe
is identified as the Rechahecrian, or Rickohockan, Indians, who came
down from the mountains in 1654 or 1656 and defeated the Virginians
and Pamunkeys in the greatest Indian battle ever fought in the colony.
This engagement occurred in the immediate vicinity of present Rich-
mond, Va. (Mooney, TAe Siouan Tribes of the East, pp. 8, 28). In
1721 the Cherokees numbered 3,800 warriors; were a warlike nation,
and lived in the Appalachian Mountains. {North Carolina Colonial
Records, Vol. II, p. 422). The later history of this tribe is too well
known to require further mention here.
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860 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
by the Governor in Council that the time Limitted to William
Russell by an order of Council the 21st Day of Jun^ last to Sur-
vey Lands on the Eastern Side Sherrando River be extended
to the fifteenth Day of April next.
Oct. 28, 1734.
On Reading at the Board the petition of John Tayloe and
Thomas Lee Esq", and William Beverly Gent, praying a Grant
for 60000 acres of Land on the West Side the great Mountains on
Sherrando [Shenandoah] River beginning on Jacob Stover's
upper Tract* upon the Condition of Seating thereon one Familie
*Jacob Stover's upper tract lay on the Shenandoah immediately be-
low the present village of Port Republic, Rockingham county, Va., and
therefore the land granted by this Order embraced territory to the south
and west of that place.
The will of Robert Brooke, Jr., "Knight of the Golden Horse Shoe,"
dated April 15, 1736, states that he had been employed to survey this
tract, and had already partially completed his task. He and William
Russell were each to receive twelve thousand acres of the grant. The
will also indicates that a supplemental Order concerning this tract had
been passed April 23, 1735. ( Virginia Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 436-37).
Near Port Republic is "Madison Hall," the birthplace of Rev. James
Madison, first Bishop of the Episcopal Church in Virginia. The present
owner of this place is Dr. Albert S. Kemper. John Madison, father of
the Bishop, removed from Orange County to the Valley before the
organization of Augusta, of which latter county he was the first clerk.
In 1755 he built a fort at " Madison Hall ** for protection against the In-
dians. (Waddell, -/l««a/.y 0/ Augusta Counfy, 2nd ed., 1902, pp. na-
na).
In many respects this is one of the most important Orders of the
series, because the Virginia Council now commenced to deal with ter-
ritory lying in the present county of Augusta. It also completes a series
of large grants lying along the Shenandoah and extending up that stream
from Front Royal to Port Republic. None of the previous Orders in-
dicate any grants prior to this date in the main Valley of Virginia west
of the Massanutton range and south of present Frederick County. The
grants to Jacob Stover in 1730; John Fishback and his associates in
173 1, and Francis Willis and William Beverly in 1732, all of which
were on the South Branch of the Shenandoah, conclusively show that
the tread of settlement up the Valley of Virginia was along that stream
between the Massanutton range and the Blue Ridge. Unfortunately, no
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 361
for each Thousand acres within two years It is ordered that
Leave be granted the petitioners to Survey and Patent said
contemporaneous history of these settlements is known to exist, but the
conclusion must follow that the grantees of these lands made every effort
to comply with the conditions imposed to settle one family upon each
thousand acres within two years. It therefore follows that by the year
1736 the section between Port Republic and Front Royal was, in a limited
degree, an inhabited country.
At the date of this Order the present county of Augusta was in its
very infancy, but was soon to be settled by the Scotch-Irish. John
Lewis was the first of that race to locate in the upper Valley. He came
in 1732, and his home was on the present New Hope road about two
miles east of Staunton. Within six years from the coming of Col. Lewis
he was joined by many other Scotch-Irish families. All of these early
settlers took title to their lands from William Beverly, who acquired, on
Sept. 7, 1736, a grant of 118,491 acres, including the site of present
Staunton and surrounding country. This tract was known as " Beverly's
Manor.** (Waddell, Annals of Augusta County y p. 29).
By the year 1734 the westward movement of Virginia began to assume
definite shape and purpose. The few settlements, however, were widely
separated and large areas of country entirely destitute of inhabitants.
** The Moravian Diaries of Travel through Virginia,** which have ap-
peared in recent issues of this Magazine, show how sparsely the country
was settled in the years 1743, 1748, and 1751. The country abounded in
game, and the buffalo, elk, deer, and bear were to be found everywhere
in the Valley of Virginia. Wolves were so numerous that in 1742 the
inhabitants of present Augusta County petitioned the General Assembly
to levy a tax to be used in hiring persons to destroy these animals, and
in 1745 legislation of a similar nature was enacted for the benefit of
present Frederick County. (Heniug, Vol. V, pp. 187-89, 373-75). Al-
though destitute of Indian inhabitants, the Valley was still a great highway
through which the contending tribes of north and south passed and re-
passed in their perpetual wars. After the year 1734 the westward ex-
tension of Virginia begins to fall within the domain of written history,
but at this period the white man had just established himself in the
Valley of Virginia. It has been seen how liberal was the policy of the
Colonial Government in granting lands, provided actual settlers were
brought to live upon them. Within twelve years (1722-1734; the frontier
line had advanced from the head of Tidewater to the Alleghanies, a
distance of about one hundred miles in a straight line. The times con-
sidered, this was a great accomplishment. The Blue Ridge, regarded
for more than a century by the early inhabitants of the colony as an in-
surmountable barrier, had been crossed, and lands lying beyond the
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362 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Quantity of 6oocx> acres of Land lying above the said Stover's
upper Tract upon the Terms proposed by them on giving Bond
to his Majesties the usual purchase of Rights for so much there-
of as Shall not be so Seated by them within the Time before
mentioned.
ADDITIONS.
[The Council Order here printed is believed with certainty to
be the first record made in Virginia concerning the German
colonists who settled at Germanna in 1714. The hitherto un-
published extracts from the court records of Spotsylvania County,
Virginia, which follow, also furnish for the first time positive
evidence as to the persons who composed the colony of 17 14,
as well as the later colony of 17 17. Germanna was founded by
Governor Spotswood, who led the westward movement of Vir-
ginia in the early years of the i8th century, and therefore it is
deemed peculiarly appropriate to conclude with this material,
which was not discovered until after the series had been com-
menced.— Editor].
[Order of the Virginia Executive Council].
April 28, 17 14.
The Governor acquainting the Council that Sundry Germans
to the number of forty two men women & children who were
invited hither by the Baron de Graffinreid* are now arrived,
first ridges of the AUeghanies acquired. To explore, settle, and civilize
the country beyond the latter mountains was the next task of the men
of the Valley of Virginia, and how well and quickly the work was done
constitutes one of the most fascinating chapters in our national history.
*This order positively confirms the conclusions reached by several
writers in lecent years concerning the German Reformed colony of
17 14, the first to settle at Germanna, and fully identifies it as the colony
whose arrival was expected by Governor Spotswood in the spring of
that year. The evidence is now complete that it was the same colony
which Baron De Graffenreid met in London in the summer of 17 13, and
which, accordiug to his autobiography, sailed to Virginia in the spring
of 1714. It also proves conclusively that these colonists came directly
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 368
but that the said Baron not beinj? here to take care of this Settle-
ment, The Governor therefore proposed to settle them, above
the falls of Rappahannock River to serve as a Barrier to the In-
habitants of that part of the Country against the Incursion of the
Indians and desiring the opinion of the Council whether in con-
sideration of their usefulness for that purpose the Charge of
building them a Fort, clearing a road to their settlement &
from Germany, and were not a remnant of the Newbern colony, as con-
jectured by Dr. Shraghter in his History of SL Mark*s Parish,
Further record evidence concerning this colony is to be found in
Spotswood*s Official Letters, Vol. II, (indexed under German Pro-
testants, etc.), and the Genealogy of the Kemper Famify, by Willis M.
Kemper, Esq., of Cincinnati, Ohio. In his sketch entitled **The First
German Reformed Colony in Virginia, 1714-1750," Rev. William J.
Hinke, of Philadelphia, Pa., has admirably summed up the history of
this colony, based upon documentary evidence gathered from many
sources. The documents here printed simply place beyond contro-
versy the conclusions reached by these two writers. For Prof. Hinke's
valuable article, see foumal of the Presbyterian Historical Society,
Philadelphia, Pa., Vol. II, 1903, pp. 7-17, 98-110, 140-150. For further
reference to the colony of 17 14, see Virginia Magazine of History and
Biography, Vol. XI, pp. 231-34, 241-42, 375-78; Vol. XII, pp. 74-75-
The history of Germanna is of importance because the colonists of
1714 were the first organized body of Germans who came as permanent
settlers to Virginia, and were the pioneers of that sturdy element which
has done so much to develop the western part of the State. Germanna
was the first county seat of Spotsylvania in 1722, and continued as such
until 1732. It was originally in old Essex County, but is now in the
eastern portion of present Orange County, on the south bank of the
Rapidan, about thirty miles above Fredericksburg. For at least seven
years Germanna was an armed fort on the extreme western frontier of
Virginia, as it then existed.
This Council Order shows that the first employment of these colo-
nists consisted in guarding the frontiers in that section of Virginia.
Commencing in 1684, and continued by various Acts of Assembly,
rangers were appointed to scout and patrol the upper parts of James,
York, Rappahannock and Potomac rivers, as safeguards against Indian
incursions. (Hening, Vol. Ill, pp. 17-21). The act under which the
colonists of 17 14 were designated as rangers was passed in November,
17 1 1, and provided that each company should consist of a lieutenant and
eleven men— just the number of adults in the colony. {Idem^ Vol. IV,
pp. 9-12).
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364 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
carrying thither two pieces of Canon & some ammunition may
not properly be defrayed by the publick.
It is the unanimous opinion of this Board that the S"* Settle-
ment, tending so much to the Security of that part of the Front-
iers, It is reasonable that the expense proposed by the Gover-
nor in making thereof should be defrayed at the publick charge
of the Government, and that a quantity of powder & ball be de-
livered for their use out of her Majesties Magazine. And be-
cause the S"* Germans arriving so late cannot possibly this year
cultivate any ground for thepr] Subsistance, much less be able
to pay the publick Levies of the Government, It is the opinion
of this Board that they be put under the denomination of Rangers
to exempt them from that charge, And for the better enabling
the S*. Germans to supply by hunting the want of other pro-
visions, It is also ordered that all other persons be restrained
from hunting on any unpatented Lands near the Settlement.
[Extracts from the Court Records of Spotsylvania County,
Virginia. In these Orders the present forms of surnames, and
in some cases the full Christian names, are shown in square
brackets. The original forms of surnames are given in notes.
It will be observed that the English clerk who made the en-
tries distorted some of these German names almost beyond
recognition. — Editor.]
At a Court held per adjournment from yesterday the 7th
day of July Anno Dom. 1724.
In the action of debt* brought by Coll. Alexander Spots-
*Council Order of April 23, 1724, relates to the petition of Zerichias
Fleshman and George Utz, representing themselves **and fourteen
other high-Germans,'* then being sued by Col. Spotswood on account
of their transportation charges to Virginia They resided at that time
near Germanna. ( Virginia Magazine, History and Biography, Vol.
XII, pp. 350-51).
The names of eighteen defendants are given in this group of Court
Orders, but two of them (Ballenger and Holt) are clearly not German
names. The names of the remaining sixteen defendants positively in-
dicate their German origin. The original forms of the surnames of this
group are as follows: Paulitz, Jeager, Blankenbecker, Klohr, Koch,
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 365
wood pit. against Philip Paulitz defend' t. The defndt. failing
to appear and answer the same, order is granted against him
& the Sheriff.
Scheibli, Schmidt, Meyer, Kaffer, Fleischman, Utz. Bryol is perhaps
Briel, and Auburge is given in a subsequent Order as Ausbergur. Of
these defendants, three stated when proving their importations that
they came to Virginia in 1717, and four others that they came "about
nine years since," i. e., prior to May 2, 1727. It is therefore safe to
affirm that all these defendants came in 1717. Four others (Christopher
Zimmerman, Jacob Bryol, Andrew Kerker, and Christopher Pavlur, or
Parlur) do not appear in this list, although the importation Orders show
that they came in 17 17. This was probably because their obligations to
Colonel Spotswood had been discharged. These four persons, added
to the sixteen defendants named, make twenty families, which accounts
in full for the colony of 17 17.
A third colony, numbering forty families, came to Germanna or its
immediate vicinity in 1719 or 1721, as evidenced by the importation
Orders of John Broil, (2d), and William Carpenter. These two colonies
were of the Evangelical Lutheran faith, and probably in the year 1726
removed to the Robinson River section, in the present Madison County,
Va,, where they built Hebron Church in 1740.
Other certified Court Orders from Spotsylvania show that Mr. Henry
Conyers was attorney for the Germans, and Col. William Robinson for
Col. Spotswood. These Orders. also show that on July 6, 1725, upon
petition of Michael Cook, Henry Snyder and other Germans, leave was
granted them to clear a road from the ferry at Germanna to Smith's
Island up the Rapidan. This indicates that these Germans were then
living in the neighborhood of Germanna.
Octobers, 1725, William Beverly, Gent., was allowed one day's at-
tendance (sixty pounds of tobacco) in the action against Conrad Aus-
burg, *'as one that lives in another county "—probably Stafford.
Nov. I, 1726, on petition of the Germans, Franris Kirkleyand George
James were ordered ''to lay out and make the most convenient way for
ye Germans' Mountain Road," and Michael Holt was appointed over-
seer. This, in all probability, was the year of their removal from Ger-
manna, the term ** Mountain Road" meaning the way to their settle-
ment near the base of the Blue Ridge.
August 2, 1727, Mr. Robert Spotswood asked the Court to remove
Michael Holt as surveyor of the ''Mountain Road", which was done,
and Michael Clore appointed in his place.
July 2, 1728, Michael Clore and George Outz (Utz), on behalf of them-
selves and "several other of the German inhabitants of this county at
Smith's Island," asked leave to clear a road from said island into the
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366 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Ditto against Conrad Auburge [?], the same order, he not
appearing.
Ditto, against Nicholas Jeager [Yager], he not appearing the
same order is granted.
Ditto, against Balthaser Blanker bucker [Blankenbaker], the
same order granted, he not appearing.
Ditto, against Michael Clore, continued by consent of each
partie.
main road from *'Germania Ferry to the Mountain run.*' Petition granted,
and Michael Clore appointed overseer.
June 3, 1729, Michael Clore's petition was presented to have a road
cleared from Mr. John Lightfoot's plantation uito the Germanna road.
Granted, and Conrad Ausbergur and others were ordered to assist
Clore, with Christopher Zimmerman as overseer.
August 5, 1729, Michael Holt and others obtained permission to clear
a road from the island in the first fork of White Oak Run, "for to roll
their tobacco.**
March 3, 1729, Michael Cook was appointed to ** serve as Constable
for the Germans above the Crooked Run in the fork of the Robinson
and so to the North River in this County.**
June I, 1725, Robert Turner, one of the Germans who proved his im-
portation as of the year 1720, was appointed a Constable.
Other Orders relating to roads in old Spotsylvania County were en-
tered at this period, showing the trend of settlement up the valley of the
Rapidan. Feb. 2, 1730, an Order was entered extending a road from
John Christopher's to a point in the fork of Robinson River, and thence
to the foot of NeaFs Mountain. Finally, on May i, 1733, Isaac Norman
was discharged as overseer of the road from the '* Mountain Tract to
Jonas Jenkins at the Great Mountain," and John Naul ordered to serve
in his stead. No doubt this road was soon extended across the Blue
Ridge by way of Swift Run Gap.
These Germans were visited by Gottschalk, the Moravian missionary,
in 1748, who states that most of them came from Wurtemberg, Ger-
many. ( Virginia Magazine of History and Biography^ Vol. XI, pp.
230-31). The contemporaneous documentary history of these Germans
is brief and fragmentary, but Prof Hinke presents it clearly in his sketch
of the German Reformed colony of 17 14, cited in a previous note. The
removal of the Lutheran colonists to the Robinson River in 1726, was
the second advance of Virginia to the west during the period covered
by these Council Orders. The frontier line was now at the eastern base
of the Blue Ridge, and preceding Orders and notes have shown its ex-
tension beyond these mountains.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 367
Ditto, against Michael Cook, continued by consent of each
partie.
Ditto, against Andrew Ballenger, there being no appear-
ance of either party: ordered that the suit be dismissed.
Ditto, against George Sheible: at ye defendants motion
Oyer is granted.
Ditto, against John Bryol [Broil], the defendants failing to
appear & answer, order is granted against ye Sheriff and de-
fendant.
Ditto, against Michael Smith, the same order granted.
Ditto, against George Mayer [Meyer], the same order.
Ditto, against Michael Kaifer [Kaffer]: the same order.
Ditto, against Mathias Blan ker bucker [Blankenbaker] : the
same order.
Ditto, against Michael Holt : the plaintiff not appearing to
prosecute, ordered that the said suit be dismissed.
Ditto, against Gyracus [Zerichias] Fleshman; continued by
consent of each party.
Ditto, against Nicholas Blankerbucker [Blankenbaker] is con-
tinued by consent.
Ditto, against Hendrick Snider [Snyder] : the defendt. fail-
ing to appear & answer: order is granted against him and the
Sheriff.
Ditto, against George Utz: the plaintiff failing to appear and
prosecute, ordered that the said suit be dismissed.
A true copy
Teste: T. A. Harris, Clerk.
[Jan. loth, 1906].
At a Court held for Spotsylvania County on Tuesday the 7th
day of April 1724. (Will Book A, p. 69).
Jacob Holxrow [Holtzclaw],* in order to prove his right to
*The original German forms of the surnames of the 1714 colonists
are: Holzklau, Kemper, Martin, Spielmann, Fischbach, Hoffmann,
Kuntz, Richter, Brumbach, Weber, and Heide. Of these names, Kemper
and Martin alone remain unchanged in all respects. These colonists
were invited by Baron De Graffenreid to come to Virginia for the ex-
press purpose of developing Governor Spotswood's iron properties.
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363 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
take up land according to the Royal Charter, made oath that
Their original homes were in the old principality of Nassau Siegen,
Germany, now a part of Westphalia, and they resided in the city of
Siegen, the town of Muesen, and adjacent places. Although residents
of Stafford County, they doubtless proved their importations at Ger-
manna because of their acquaintance with Governor Spotswood.
Colonel Spotswood made the positive claim to Colonel William Byrd
in 1732 that he had built the first blast furnace in North America, and
that in New England and Pennsylvania they had relied altogether upon
"bloomeries" until his example made them attempt greater things.
(Byrd, History of the Dividing Line^ Vol. II, p. 60). T\i^ Fry and
Jefferson Map (1751 ) shows *' Tubal '* on the south bank of the Rappa-
hannock about ten miles northwest of Fredericksburg. This was the
furnace built by the colony of 17 14, and here comparatively modem
methods in the manufacture of iron in this country were introduced.
These colonists remained at Germanna until the ]^ear 1721, when they
acquired lands in the Northern Neck and removed about twenty miles
northward from Germanna, locating in old Stafford County. That sec-
tion of Stafford fell into Prince William in 1730, and later (1759) into
present Fauquier County. Their new home, called Germantown, was
on Licking Run about eight miles south of present Warrenton, Va.
Midland Station, on the Southern Railroad, is near this ancient settle-
ment, which, in 1721, marked the farthest westward advance of civiliza-
tion in Virginia. The importance of the preceding Council Order, and
the Court Orders relating to the colonists of 1714, consists in the fact
that these documents settle every doubt which has been raised with
reference to the time when and place from which they came. The
Court Orders also furnish for the first time positive evidence with
reference to the names of all the persons who composed this colony.
One of them, Jacob Holtzclaw, was naturalized July 11, 1722, and his
papers state that he was a native of Nassau-Siegen. {Spotsylvania
County Records, 1905, p. 96). These colonists were visited in 1748 by
Gottschalk and Spangenberg, missionaries of the Moravian Church,
who relate in their diaries that these people were natives of Nassau-
Siegen. ( Virginia Magazine of History and Biography^ Vol. XI, pp.
232-33, 241). On p. 231 of the Magazine quoted above, the Christian
name of John Kemper's wife (ancestress of the writer) is given as Ells-
beth. This is an error. Her name was Alice Kathrina, as shown by
the Court Order of her husband proving their importation. The writings
of Willis M. Kemper, Esq., and Rev. William J. Hinke, referred to in a
previous note, embody all the known history of Germanna and German-
town. To the latter, the writer is much indebted for valuable assist-
ance in properly rendering the German names which appear in these
Orders.
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 869
he cam^ into this country in the month of Aprill 17 14 and that
he brought with him Margaret his wife, and John^ and Henry
his two sons, and that this is the first time of proving their said
importation, whereupon certificates is ordered to be granted
them of right to take up two hundred acres of land.
John Camper [Kemper], in order to prove his right to take
up land according to the Royal Charter; made oath that he
came into this country in the month of Aprill, 17 14, and that
he brought with him Alice Kathrina his wife, and that this is
the first time of proving their said importation, whereupon
certificate is ordered to be granted them of right to take up one
hundred acres of land.
Johannas [John Joseph] Martin in order to prove his right to
take up land according to the Royal Charter: made oath that
he came into this Country in the month of Aprill 17 14, and
that he brought with him Maria Kathrina his wife, and that
this is the first time of proving their said importation, where-
upon certificate is ordered to be granted them of right to take
up one hundred acres of land.
At a Court held per adjournment from yesterday the 2nd.
day of June, 1724, for Spotsylvania County. (Will Book A, pp.
3-4).
John Spellman [Spillman] in order to prove his right to take
up land according to the Royal Charter : made oath that he
came into this colony to dwell in the year 17 14 and that he
brought with him his wife Mary; and that this is the first time
of proving their said importation, whereupon certificate is order-
ed to be granted them of right to take up one hundred acres of
land.
Hamon Fitshback [Herman Fishback] in order to prove his
right to take up land according to the Royal Charter; made
oath that he came into this Colony to dwell in the year 1714:
and that he brought with him Kathrina his wife, and that this is
the first time of proving their said importation : whereupon cer-
tificate is ordered to be granted them of right to take up one
hundred acres of land.
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370 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
John Huffman [John Henry Hoffman].' the same order for
himself and Kathrina his wife.
Joseph Guntz [Coons], the same order for himself and Kath-
erina his wife, and his son John Annalis Isic] and Kathrina his
daughter.
John Fitshback [Fishback], the same order for himself and
Agnes his wife.
Jacob Rickart [Rector], the same order for himself and Eliza-
beth his wife & his son John.
Milchert [Melchior] Brumback,|the'same order for himself and
his wife Elizabeth.
Dillman Weaver, the same order for himself and Ann Weaver
his mother.
Lekewin [Likewise ?] Peter Hitt, the same order for himself
and Elizabeth his wife.
These certificates were not issued until May 30th. 1729.
A true copy,
Teste: T. A. Harris, Clerk.
[Jan. 10, 1906].
[On the same day the following Germans also proved their
importations, recorded in Will Book A, pp. 68-69] •
John Broil in order to prove his right to take up land accord-
ing to the Royal Charter made oath yt. he came into this Coun-
try in the month of November 1719: and that this is the first
time of proving his said importation; whereupon certificate is
ordered to be granted him of right to take up fifty acres of
land.
Frederick Cobbler in order to prove his right to take up land
according to the Royal Charter: made oath that he came into
this country in the month of January 1718. and he brought with
him Barbara his wife: and that this is the first time of proving
their said importation; whereupon certificate is ordered to be
granted them of right to take up one hundred acres of land.
At a Court held for Spotsylvania County on Thursday the
fifth day of April Anno Dom. 1726. (Order Book 1724 to 1730,
pp. 107-108).
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 371
On petition of Christopher Zimerman in order to prove his
right to take up land according to the Royal Charter, made
oath that he came into this country in the year of our Lord on«
thousand seven hundred and seventeen, and that he brought
Elizabeth his wife and John and Andrew his children with him,
& that this is the first time of his proving their said importation,
whereupon certificate is ordered to be granted them of right to
take up one hundred acres of land.
On petition of Henry Snyder in order to prove his right to
take up land according to the Royal Charter, made oath that he
came into this country in the year of Our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and seventeen, and that he brought Dorathy his
wife with him, and that this is the first time of his proving their
said importation, whereupon certificate is ordered to be granted
them of right to take up one hundred acres of land.
On petition of Mathew [Michael] Smith in order to prove his
right to take up land according to the Royal Charter, made
oath that he came into this country in the year one thousand
seven hundred and seventeen, and brought with him Kathrina
his wife, and that this is the first time of proving their said im-
portation, whereupon certificate is ordered to be granted them
of right to take up one hundred acres of land.
Michael Cock [Cook] in order to prove his right to take up
land according to the Royal Charter made oath that he came
into this country in the year one thousand seven hundred and
seventeen, and brought his wife Mary with him, and that this is
the first time of proving their said importation, whereupon cer-
tificate is ordered to be granted them to take up one hundred
acres of land.
Andrew Kerker in order to prove his right to take up land
according to the Royal Charter, made oath that he came into
this country in the year of our Lord 1717, and brought Marga-
rita his wife and Barbara his daughter with him and that this is
the first time of his proving their said importation, whereupon
certificate is ordered to be granted them of right to take up one
hundred & fifty acres of land.
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372 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
William Carpenter* in order to prove his right to take up
land according to the Royal Charter, made oath that he came
into this country in the year of our Lord 1721, and brought
Elizabeth his wife with him, and that this is the first time of his
proving their said importation, whereupon certificate is ordered
to be granted them of right to take up 100 acres of land.
Christopher Pavlur, or Parlur in order to prove his right to
take up land according to the Royal Charter, made oath that
he came into this country in the year 17 17, and brought his
wife Pauera with him, and that this is the first time of his proving
their said importation, whereupon certificate is ordered to be
granted them of right to take up 100 acres of land.
At a court held for Spotsylvania County on Tuesday ye second
day of May 1727. (Order Book 1724 to 1730, p. 142).
On petition of Jacob Bryol [Broil] in order to prove his right
to take up land according to the Royal Charter, made oath that
he came into this country about nine years since wi[th] Capt.
Scott, and that this is the first time of his proving his said im-
portation, whereupon certificate is ordered to be granted him of
right to take up fifty acres of land.
On petition of John Bryoll [Broil] in order to prove his right
to take up land according to his Maj*ties Royal Charter, made
oath that he came into this country about nine years since wi[th]
Capt. Scott, and that he brought Ursley his wife and two chil-
dren named Conrad and Elizabeth with him and that this is the
first time of his proving the said importations, whereupon certifi-
cate is ordered to be granted them of right to take up two hun-
dred acres of land.
♦Carpenter is the English translation of Zimmerman. In 1733 and
1734. Michael Cook, Michael Smith, Michael Clore, Andrew Kercher
and George Utz, whose names appear in these Orders, were church
wardens of Hebron church. The name, Hans Zeuche, also appears in
this connection in 1734. {Orange County Records; Wills; 1735-1743,
pp. 54-57).
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EARLY WESTWARD MOVEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 378
On petition of Nicholas Yeager in order to prove his right to
take up land according "^o his Maj'ties Royal Charter, made
oath that he came into this country about nine years since wi[th]
Capt. Scott, and that he brought Mary his wife and two children
Adam and Mary with him, and that this is the first time of
proving the said importation, whereupon certificate is ordered
to be granted him of right to take up two hundred acres of
land.
Philip Paulitz in order to prove his right to take up land ac-
cording to his Maj'ties Royal Charter made oath that he came
into this country about nine years since wi[th] Capt. Scott, and
that he brought with him Rose his wife and two children named
Margaret and Katherina, and that this is the first time of his
proving the said importation, whereupon certificate is ordered
to be granted him of right to take up two hundred acres of
land.
At a Court held and continued for Spotsylvania County No-
vember 8th, 1727. (Order Book 1724 to 1730, p. 214).
On petition of Robert Turner, a German, in order to prove
his right to take up land according to his Majesties Royal
Charter, made oath that he came into this Colony in the year
one thousand seven hundred and twenty and that he brought
his wife named Mary and his children named Christopher,
Christianna. Kathrina, Mary & Parva, and that this is the first
time of proving the said importation, thereupon certificate is
ordered to be granted him of right to take up three hundred
and fifty acres of land.
CORRECTIONS.
In the April number, 1905, of the Magazine, on pp. 338 and
345 (notes), for Colonial History of New York, read Docu-
ments Relative to the Colonial History of New York, In the
same number, p. 344, the date of map cited should read 1758.
On p. 119, October number, 1905, in Revised Code of Vir-
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874 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ginia, for 1818, read 1819 (note). In the same number, p. 124,
for Governor Hamilton, read Goverrfor Keith. In the same
number, p. 133, a statement is made from which an unfavorable
inference may be drawn relative to Jost Hite and Robert McKay.
This note was based upon a copy of the Council Order to which
it relates, from which an entire line had been inadvertently
omitted and the sense preserved. This line was sdbsequently
inserted after the note had been written, but consideration was
not given to its effect upon the note. It is but just to say that
the fullest investigation leads to the conclusion that Hite was
eminently fair in all of his land transactions, while himself suffer-
ing much injustice at the hands of Lord Fairfax.
In the January number of the Magazine, p. 286, in the note
concerning "Cape Leanock" river, it was intended to say that
the correct spelling would have made it read one word instead
of two.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
It is again desired to express grateful acknowledgment to
William G. Stanard, Esq., Editor of the Magazine, for valuable
advice and assistance, often sought and always promptly and
kindly given, especially with reference to the land records at
Richmond. To John A. Garber, Esq., a native Virginian re-
siding in Washington, sincere thanks are extended for valuable
aid in preparing the material for publication, which task he also
performed in connection with the * 'Moravian Diaries of Travel
through Virginia," recently published in the Magazine. Thanks
are also extended to T. A. Harris, Esq. , Clerk of Spotsylvania
County, Virginia, for prompt and intelligent investigations of his
records.
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 375
VIRGINIA IN 1639.40.
Wyatt's Second Administration.
(Abstracts by W. N. Sainsbury, and copies in the McDonald and De
Jarnette Papers, Virginia State Library.)
(continued.)
Report on Sir Thomas Gates's Estate.
(Abstract.)
July 30. 1639.
Report of the Sub Committee for Foreign Plantations to the
Lords of the Privy Council, on petition of Edmund Dawber
administrator of the estate of Sir Thomas Gates* deceased.
That similar letters to those written by their Lordships 30th Nov'
1632 to the Earls of Dorset and of Danby on behalf of Marga-
ret Dawber and Elizabeth Gates, daughters and orphans of Sir
Thomas Gates, and of Margaret relict of his eldest son for re-
covery of the estate left them by Sir Thomas Gates then de-
ceased of which estate pet^ hath since taken forth letters of ad-
ministration in right of said Orphans be now granted on behalf
of Pet' and directed to the Gov' and Council of Virginia for the
time being for the full recovery unto the Pet' of the whole estate
belonging to said Sir Thomas Gates within the Government of
Virginia — Signed by Sir Will Becker Abrah. Williams, Sir Fran-
cis Wyatt and Geo. Sandys.
{Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 31.)
The long explanatory and defensive letter from Governor
Harvey and his Council printed in this Magazine III, 21-34,
should be dated 1639.
♦See Brown's Genesis, II, 894-896.
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376 virginia historical magazine.
Francis Wyatt Jr., at Cambridge.
(Abstract.)
Westminster Palace, Aug. 7, 1639.
The King to the provosts of King's College Cambridge and of
Eton College and to the electors there, Recommends Francis
Wyatt a Scholar of Eton College and son of Sir Francis Wyatt
Governor of Virginia to be chosen & admitted at this election
to the first or second place in King's College Cambridge — Signed
by the King.
(^Domestic Correspond: Charles I, Vol. 427, No. 28,)
Report on Petition of Rev. Anthony Panton.
(Abstract.)
Aug. 10, 1639.
Report of the Sub-Committee for Foreign Plantations to the
Lords of the Privy Council on petition of Anthony Panton*
rector of York & Cheskayack in Virginia against Richard Kemp
Secretary of that Colony. Have heard pet" witness & the sen-
tence given against him and examined what relations have been
sent over from the Gov' and Council of Virginia concerning
this business. That pet' is an able Preacher and conformable to
the church of England, diligent in his calling and without scan-
dal in his life that he is sentenced to a fine of ;^5oo to the king-
public Submission to [in?] all the parishes in the Colony — dis-
abilities ever to claim or possess anything in it & banishment
firom it on pain of death — the informations are charges of muti-
nous speeches & disobedience to Sir John Harvey & scandals
against Rich. Kemp who framed said informations also a charge
of counterfeiting and publishing a ridiculous letter from the
Archbishop of Canterbury all of which pet' denies — Cannot find
out any proofs but rather that ten months before said sentence
pet' was presented by Sir John Harvey to a benefice, tho* he is
accused of mutinous behaviour during the whole six or seven
♦ Rev. Anthony Panton minister of York had incurred the displeasure
of Secretary Kemp and been banished from Virginia. See this Ma|^a-
zine, V, 123-128, XI, 170-172.
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-4XX 377
years of his residence ' * which seems to us very strange. ' ' The
whole matter should be referred to the New Governor going
thither but Sir John Harvey and Kemp not to assist & the
former sentence suspended. 3 pp.
(^Colonial Papers t Vol. 10, No. 32.)
Petition of Anthony Panton.
(Abstract.)
1639 ? (see August 10.)
Petition of Anthony Panton, rector of York and Cheskiack
in Virginia to. the Lords of the Privy Council. Upon report
from the Commissioners for Foreign Plantations their Lord-
ships directed letters to Sir Francis Wyatt the now Governor
and the council concerning an injurious sentence against pet" to
rehear said case and suspend that part touching pet" banish-
ment. For as much as he doubts not but at the rehearing to
manifest his innocence & integrity and is informed that Sir John
Harvey who hath pet" goods & estate in his hands hath already
wasted part, so that he fears it will be all irrecoverably con-
sumed before his cause be ended. Prays that directions may be
given to deliver same into the hands of Sir Francis Wyatt, that
if pet' be found innocent he may be restored to his cure. Un-
derwritten is a mem.
The Lord's first letter was dated Aug. 11, 1639.
{Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 33.)
Petition of Howard Horsey in Regard to Quit Rents.
(Abstract.)
Sept. 20, 1639.
Petition of Howard Horsey to the King. An annual rent of
I2d upon every fifty acres in Virginia reserved to the King has
never been paid and the Receiver General is lately dead without
giving any account of his service in regard to his great charges
& trouble because of the wildness of the plantation.
The rent being a badge of sovereignty which ought not to be
omiitted, and the pet' settled there having great experience and
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378 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
able to raise the rent to a good value, prays for a grant of the
office of Receiver General and a lease for 14 years or the nomi-
nation of two lives, at a reasonable rate,- for which pet' will pay
a yearly rent to be estimated with power to compound for
arrears and survey all lands granted by patent or order of Court.
With reference to the Lord Keeper, Lord Treasurer, Earl of
Dorset & Lord Cottington to report on the whole business.
Whitehall, 1639, Sept. 2.
(^Domestic Charles / Vol. 403, p. 43.)
Petition of Ship Owners.
(Abstract.)
Sept.? 1639.
Petition of the Merchants Masters and Owners of the William
& Sara, the Charles, the George, and the Charity of London
to the Lords of the Privy Council. That said ships came from
Virginia about April and May last with great quantities of to-
bacco & other commodities to the port of London for which
pet" paid his Maj. great sums of money for custom — are now
ready to go with said ships to Virginia with passengers & pro-
visions for supply of their plantations there but cannot be per-
mitted to clear their ships without order from their Lordships.
Prays that orders be given to the officers of his Maj. Custom^
to suffer pet" to clear said ships together with the passengers &
provisions and that said passengers be examined & take the
oaths of allegiance & supremacy at gravesend as hath been
usual.
{Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 37.)
[Inclosures in Above.]
List of provisions on board the William & Sara, the George
the Charity and the Charles — with 100 passengers on each ship
(not named).
License from the Privy Council to the officers of his Maj^
Customs within the Ports of London and Gravesend for the
ships above named with the passengers and provisions to pass
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 879
on in their intended voyage without hinderance or molestation
provided that all the said passengers first take the oaths of al-
legiance and supremacy 1639 Sept 15. Draft with corrections.
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, Nos. 37, I, II.)
Petition OF Vassall &c., Merchants.
(Abstract.)
Petition of Samuel Vassall,* William Felgate and Maurice
Thompson of London Merchants to the Lords of the Privy
Council, Have freighted the Anne & the James of London, for
a yoyage to St. Christopher's & Virginia, heretofore stayed by
a general stay in the Thames and afterwards in regard of the
urgent necessity of supply in said Plantations released. But
driven by contrary winds into Plymouth they are there again
detained to the great damage of pet" having already lost three
months by the said stays and contrary winds — Pray in regard of
their excessive charge having on board about two hundred
passengers besides Mariners, for a warrant for release of said
ships.
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 44.)
Tobacco Planting Restricted.
(Abstract.)
Mem : that Instructions were sent for the restraining the ex-
cessive planting of tobacco and that for the two next ensuing
♦ Samuel Vassall, an eminent merchant was M. P. for London 1640-60,
and was one of the original patentees of Massachusetts lands. He was
son of John Vassall of London, who fitted out at his own expense &
Commanded two ships against the Spanish Armada. Samuel Vassairs
brother William resided at Barbadoes, where he died in 1657. William
Vassall had a son Col. John, who had many interests in Virginia, espec-
ially in Rappahannock County, and his daughter Anna, married Nicholas
Ware, whose administration was printed in this Magazine, XII, 303.
See Walters' % Gleanings, II, 13 10-1322.
For William Felgate see this Magazine, II, 181-182, and for Maurice
Thompson, I, 188-189.
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380 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
years there should not be planted above twelve hundred thous-
and weight per annumn for the advancement of the price
thereof,
(^Minute, Colonial Correspondence ^ Vol. I, No. 20, p. i.)
Petition of Ralph Wyatt.
(Abstract.)
1639?
Petition of Ralph Wyatt to the King. Served in his Maj.
service in the troop of horse in the Isle of Rhe where " he lost
much blood'* besides the consumption of his means for which
he hath had no recompense sufficient to discharge the costs of
surgery.
Forasmuch as pet' had married the widow of Capt Wm.
Button to whom by virtue of a letter from the Lords of the
Council certain land was assigned in Virginia by orders of Court
there amounting to 7000 acres and now in the podsession of pet'
Prays the confirmation there of to him under the Great Seal in
right of his wife whose estate hath been greatly impoverished
by seeking the said land, there being nothing left her by said
Button but the hopes of enjoying it for ;^t5oo disbursed by her.
{Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 45.)
Order of Privy Council in Regard to Horses to be
Sent to Virginia.
(Abstract.)
Jan. 1639-40.
The Lords of the Privy Council to the Governor & Council
of Virginia. An order was made at the Quarter Court held at
James City 26 March 1639 allowing Thomas Stegg* artd Jeremy
Blackman to furnish Virginia with horses, mares and such like
beasts of carriage and to export from thence the like number of
neat cattle. Recommend the same to the now Governor and
♦ Thomas Stegg, a London Merchant, who frequently resided in Vir-
ginia See this Magazine, VI, 300. His will and that of his sdn Thomas
Stegg, are given in trailers' s Gleanings, 101-102.
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 381
Council and if they see no cause to alter it to confirm said
order.
Drafts with Corrections.
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 57.)
Governor Wyatt* to .
(Copy.)
Indorsed Virginia.
A letter from Mr. Francis Wyatt dat. 25 March, 1640, rec*d
at Whitehall, the 5th of June, 1640.
Sir:
Since my arrival in Virginia wee have beene (in a manner)
wholly taken up about the regulation of tobaccof the excessive
planting whereof hath beene so greate an hindrance to the
growth of this Colony. By reason of the vast quantities made
this yeare we have been forced to a strict way of destroying the
bad and halfe the goode which was propounded to us & desired
by the principal merchants about London as the only means to
raise the price and though the physicke seems sharp yet I
hope it will bring the body of the Colony to a sound constitution
of health then ever it enjoyed before. We have represented in
our petition to their L**^ the necessary reasons for it in opposi-
♦ Sir Francis Wyatt*s second administration as Governor of Virginia ,
extended from November, 1639 to February, 1641-3, when he was suc-
ceeded by Sir William Berkeley. For notices of Governor Wyatt and
the Wyatt family see this Magazine, III, 177-180; VII, 46-48; and U'illiam
6f Mary Quarterly II, 152; III. 35*74; VI. 257; X, 59; XI, 35-45, 111-116.
Sir Francis Wyatt was greatly liked in Virginia, and after Harvey's un-
popular administration he was especially welcome.
t At the session of Assembly beginning Jan. 6, 1639-40, a determined
effort was made to improve the character of Virginia tobacco. The
amount to be planted was restricted and elaborate provisions made for
inspections. In Hening I, 224-225, brief abstracts of the various tobacco
laws are given, but the Robinson MSS, Va. Historical Society Col-
lection, contains the full text of the acts of this session. A list of the
numerous * 'viewers'* (inspectors) appointed and the portions of the act
which prescribe their duties and the oath to be taken, were printed in
this Magazine, V, 1 19-123, 274-277.
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382 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
tion to any refractory person that may question the act, and I
hope we shall find your Honor one Patron to joine in protect-
ing us against any causeles complaint conseming it, and that it
Will be judged as Service acceptable to his Maj**** and their
L'P**'. I am farther in my owne particular to move your Honor
that whereas it pleased his Maj*^ to grant to S' John Harvey my
predesessor the Fines & Amerceaments and other the like
profitts wh. the Governors here have usually enjoyed to their
own use without accompt for their better support in the many and
great charges incident to the place I am become an humble
Suitor to his majesty that he will be pleased to grant the like
gracious Letters of Privie Seale to me, and I shall humbly be-
seech your Honor to prefer and recommend My Suite to his
Maj'** hoping that I shall not be denied to enjoy the advantages
incident to my place thereby to take off from the charge as fully
as my predecessor who held the Government ten yeares enjoyed
them.
The experience of your Honores many favores embolden me
their favre and oblige me to remaine Your Honours most
ready to do you iiumble service.
Francis Wiat.
March 25th, 1640.
(^Colonial X, No. 62.)
Richard Kemp to .
(Copy.)
March 20, 1639.
Right ho*''^
Since ye late change by ye arrivall of new Gov' was Sir
Francis Wiate, They of the old Commission have bene perse-
cuted with much malice, the weight whereofe hath hitherto prin-
cipallye fallen upon S' John Harvey whose estate is wholly
sequestred att p" sent and att the next Court now approaching
will assuredly be swept away. His present intendments are to
repaire for England this yeare, but it is questionable whether ye
passage will be free and open for him, perhaps fearing some
new trouble to themselves.
I am an humble supplyant to yo' Hono' to move his Maj**' for
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 383
his gratious license to me to see England ye next yeare, with
power to depute some other during ye tyme of my absence w'**
deputacon I would conferr upon Mr. Georg Read with helpe to
assist him for ye execucon thereofe.
I will enable myself in ye meane tyme to give his Ma"* as
perfect Accompt of his Revenue here and of all other perquisites
to him w"** other matters much inducing to his service.
Thus humbly resting.
Your hono" humbly devoted,
Rich Kemp.
James Cittie this in March, 1639.
{State Papers y Colonial, Vol. 10, No. 61.
Richard Kemp to Secretary Windebanke.
(Copy.)
[April 24, 1640.]
Rt Hona**"*
I am to my much griefe assured by the order of their Ld"*"
and others of your Honors of his Majties Most bono*"* privie
Councill transmitted hither this yeare to the new governor &
councell for the rehearing of a cause & examining of the grounds
of a sentence passed in October 1638 against one Mr. Anthony
Panton a minister how much I suffer by the misinformation of
the said Mr. Panton tp that most honorable Board touching that
matter as if by my unjust pracetyses & malicious complaints
and not anie guilt in him had procured the act of banishment
against him. But the greatest of my miseries is that I am tra-
duced by him to have spoken irreverently and to the dishonor
of my Lord Archbishop of Canterbury his Grace w** he preten-
deth to her [hear] to this effect & with this circumstance.
That upon his demand of an appeal I should ask him to
whom & yt upon his saying that he would appeal to the King
& my Lord of Canterbury I should answer I thought where I
should have you from hence to Canterbury & from Canterbury to
Roame, to which are words never uttered by me, neither did I
ever harbour Anie disrespect in my breast towards his Grace.
I am sensible witfi what disadvantage I now plead, the accu-
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384 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
sation having been urged in my absence and assisted with credit
by mediation and friendshipp noe defence being neare for me
in which point alone my innocence hath betrayed mee.
I am an humble suppliant to your Honor to acquaint my
Lord Archbyshopp his Grace with this Certificate from the then
Gov' & the whole counsell then present & resident in the
Collony excepting one who is since dead as also with this testi-
monie under the hand of the Clark of the Court then present
who is ready to depose the same.
To which purpose I could procure the oathes of all or most
who were then in presence whose qualitie deserves creditt, But y't
I cannot send authentique Certificates of them as the termes now
stand with mee, And I humbly crave that some circumstances
may be heard for mee, for at that time Mr. Panton was knowne
to mee to have much offended especiall manner against his Grace
by Counterfeiting a Letter from his Grace as also by other
words of Scandall towards him wh. were certified upon oath
from the Govornor & Counsell which Letter since the last ar-
rivall of the said Mr. Panton to ye Colony he hath affirmed his
Lordship did acknowledge was sent from him as will bee proved
upon oath against him by one Capt. Richard Townshend now in
England and who hath deposed the same already here. Though
(as I understand) hee did (with what cunninge I cannot device)
wrest that matter to my injurye. I will not trouble your Honor
with any thing further at this time in ye cause concerning Mr.
Panton wh. will bee transmitted at large very shortly.
But I humbly desire your Honor to represent to my Lord
Archbishop his Grace these proofs & instance of my clearness
& innocense in any disrespect towards him to whom I humbly
bend with all reverence & humility which I had personally before
this time done were I not detained here (I confess) with faire
pretence of the necessitie of my attendance to ye service, but
I may assure myself out of no other end than that my absence
might prejudice my cause neither did I expect any other
measure from this new change of government or ye persons
trusted therein the ground of whose enmitie toward mee I shall
not be ashamed in time & place to deliver which was the motive
to my humble Suite the last >eare to your Honor for his Maj***
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 386
Letter to License my repaire for England wherein I againe
humbly implore your Honour favor to his Maj***.
I present these lines by the hands of one Mr. Christopher
Higgison* a near^ kinsman to the Lord Bishop of Ely to whom
I have sent a copy of the Certificates from the late Govornor &
Councill and this gentleman hath promised to do me all right in
the reporting of my cause to his Lo^' which he is the better
enabled to do in respect Mr. Panton's enormities are so well
known to him; Thus resting in all submission.
Your Honour humbly to serve you
Rich: Kemp.
James Cittie, this 24th of April, 1640.
{Colonial X, No. 64, III.)
[Indorsed] W. Indos. The duplicate of my letter to Mr. Sec-
retary Windebanke, Virginia, 24th April, 1640.
Richard Kemp to Robert Reade.
(Abstract.)
James City, April 24, 1640.
Richard Kemp Secretary of Virginia to Robert Reade. Has
sent inclosed copies of his letters to Sec. Windebank and Lord
Baltemore and craves his good assistence to this gentleman.
Mr. Higgenson a near kinsman to my Lord of Ely whose
strength he hopes will be added to his cause.
Is extremely injured and shall suffer without guilt unless his
friends now assist him in his absence being bandied between the
Sub-committee and the new Governor & Council here who aim
at his ruin — Beseeches his endeavours and pains herein.
{Colonial Papers, Vol, lo, No. 64.)
[Indorsed] rec. 28 June by Mr. Higgenson.
* Christopher Higginson lived in lames City Co., and was a brother
of Humphrey Higginson, member of the Virginia Council. Christopher
Higginson died in 1673. Bishop Wren was at that time the incumbent
of the see of Ely.
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386 virginia historical magazine.
Richard Kemp to Lord Baltimore.
(Inclosure in Above.)
(Abstract.)
Richard Kemp to Lord Baltemore account of the case as con-
cerns himself and one Panton a Minister who was last year
banished the Colony by Sir John Harvey and the rest of the
then Council. Panton on his arrival in England found Capts.
West, Mathews, and the rest of that faction ready to abet him
in any complaint against us and to colour his foul offences —
their malice found out a way to Kemp's ruin by charging^ Kemp
with saying in reply to Panton' s speech that he should appeal
to the King and my Lord of Canterbury — **oh! I thought
where I should have you first to Canterbury and then to Rome."
Humbly beseeches his Lordships interest with Sec. Windebank
to acquaint my Lord of Canterbury with the circumstances to
clear Kemp, for he und^erstands his Lordship is much incensed
against Kemp. Hopes to be in England before the case comes
before the Sub-committees if he can get away by stealth* Sir
John sleeps away care and complies with his enemies to his
further misfortune. 2 pp.
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 64, L)
Certificate of Governor Harvey & Council in
Regard to Kemp.
(Abstract Inclosure.)
Certificate of the Governer and Council of Virginia. That
Richard Kemp, Secretary of the Colony, preferred by their
special order a bill of information on behalf of his Maj. against
one Anthony Panton, clerk, touching several rebellions muti-
nous & riotous words and actions done & spoken by Panton in
contempt of the Govern' and authority established by his Maj;
in this Colony. And that Panton being upon eviction banished
the Colony hath reported that Kemp should have said when
* Kemp finally escaped from Virginia by stealth. A ship owner or
master was summoned before the Virginia Council to answer for assisting
Richard Kemp to depart secretly out of the country.
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VIRGINIA IN 1639-40. 387
Panton craved to be admitted to appeal '*You will appeal first to
Canterbury and then to Rome.**
That no such words or anything to that sense or purpose
were spoken at that time by Kemp, for Panton did in plain and
direct words appeal for England and Kemp's reply was — That
he did not conceive it fitting for it would be a means to dis-
people the King's Colony if all the witnesses against Panton
were sent along with him. And Panton excepting in general
terms against all the witnesses, Kemp replied: Here is no
competent judge for you nor no competent witness against you,
as you allege. I think you will at least appeal for Rome as the
fittest place for such an Incendiary, no mention being of his
Grace of Canterbury. That said imputation of words is most
malicious and scandalous savoring of revenge and deserving of
exemplary punish'. Panton has been many years a turbulent
wrestler with authority <& hath heretofore been banished the
Colony.
2 pp. signed by Harvey Browne 8c Brocas, 29th Oct., 1639.
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 64 II.)
George Reade to Robert Reade.
(Abstract.)
James City, April 24, 1640.
George Reade to his brother Robert Reade Secretary to Sec.
Windebank Prays his brother to pay Capt. Peirce * 'which God
knows I am not able to do." If his brother knew his necessities
is sure he would not blame him. Hopes he has received money
to supply him with two servants which may well be transported
hither for ;^io a man with bedding clothes and all things fitting
for servants by whose labours and his own endeavours he hopes
of a subsistence without any further trouble to his brother. Sec-
retary Kemp intends to go for England to clear himself of those
vile aspersions which Panton hath endeavoured to fix upon him
** which my conscience tells me he is innocent of." Kemp being
gone he has no friend left here for Sir John, by the time his
creditors have done with him will have little for himself. Both
Evans and Peirce stay in the country this year and if the money
be not paid shall look to be prosecuted by them both, for he ex-
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388 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
pects no favor at all from this new change of Government. In-
dorsed **rec. 28 June by Mr. Higgenson."
(^Colonial Papers, Vol. 10, No. 66.)
Sir John Harvey* to Secretary Windebanke.
(Copy.)
Right Hon^'^
I am soe narrowly watched that I have scarce time of privacye
for these few lines w*** doe humble crave of you to acquainte his
Maj*' how much I groan under the oppression of my prevayling
enemies by whome the King's honor hath so much sufltered and
who are now advanced to be my judges and have soe far al-
ready proceeded against me as to teare from me my estate by
an unusual way of inviting my creditors to clamor and not so
content but I am denyed my passage for England notwithstand-
ing my many infirmities & weaknesses of Body doe crave advice
& helps beyond the skill & judgment which this place can give.
These with many others which I have not time to put into
writing are the motives of my earnest & humble Suite to your
Honor to move his Maj"** for his Royall Warrant and mandate
for my repay re to England where I shall at the feete of his sacred
Maj*' give account of his service and of my sufferings therein.
Humbly resting your Honors.
Humblest Servant,
John Harvey.
Poynt Comfort, this 6th of May, 1640.
State Papers y CoL, Vol. 10, No. 67.
[Endorsed] 6 May, 1640, Sir John Harvey from Virginia by-
Mr. Kemp, Sec'r., these 30 June.
[Directed] to Right Hono'ble Sir Francis Windebank, Kn't
Principle Seer, to his Maj'ty these humble p'sent.
* This is the last of the numerous letters, petitions, &c., from Sir John
Harvey, which appear in the records relating to Virginia. In this
melancholy fashion he disappears from our history. Most of our his-
torians have shown Harvey's character and administration in a very bad
light; but no one should form a final opinion without studying the very
learned and able editorial note to Kemp's letter of May 17, 1635, in the
Aspinwall Papers, Mass, Historical Society Collections, 4th Series, Vol.
IX, 131-149.
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 389
NOTES FROM COUNCIL AND GENERAL
COURT RECORDS.
By the late Conway Robinson, Esq.
[See. this Magazine, Vol. VIII, 64-65, In addition to the
publications of these notes there cited. See also the same Vol.,
65-73» 162-170, 236-244, 407-412; IX, 44-49. 186-188, 306-309;
XI, 277-284. Certain entries copied by Mr. Robinson in this
section 'of his notes have been printed in Hening, I, pp. 145,
146, 551, 552, and are omitted here.] 1 630-1 640.
Sept. 14, 1630. Capt. Mathews to have sole trade in the bay
a year for building ye fort at pt. Comfort and after that the
Gov*r and Council to have ye benefit thereof.
8**' 8, 1630. Capt. Jno. West & Capt. Utie Seat in Chiskiaclc
on pamunkey River & have 600 acres apiece for it.
Dec. 7, 1630. Q'ter Court levy ioo,ooq lbs. Tobo. on titha.
persons for ye fort at pt. Comfort and app'd Com'rs of ye peace.
Feb. 23, 1630. Perjury punished by pillory & loss of ears.
24. Order to proceed in the salt work at Accomack.
March 12, 1630. Land given to undertakers saw mills.
Ap'l 26, 1631. An Inquest in the body of Wm. Stogdill
found felo de se.
Ap*l 27, 1630. A fine of a house and garden, ack'd 8**' 6,
1631. Ord'rs of Court under Signett. Three men layed neck
and heels during divine Service for nicknaming houses abusing
men & their wives & night walking & if they do so again serve
Colony I year, ist time, 2 yrs; 2d, 3 years, 3d time and so
forward.
6 8***', 1631. A Councellor failing to attend Q'ter Court to
be fined 40 s. to the Gov'r.
Secretaries fees being in Tobo. when 12 p. ct. are now altered
to mony at that rate because Tobo. is fai'en.
Secretary to take up for his place 600 acres of Land as near
as he can to James City.
June 13, 1632. provost Marshall w'th one chosen by Ex'ror
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390 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Ad'mr to app. all dead men's estates fee lo p. cent to be
divided.
14. Gov*r to parly with Chickahominy Indians.
Wni. Gallopin & Jane Champion wife of Percival Champion
Indicted by Gd. Jury for murder & concealing ye death of ye
sd. Jane's child supposed to be got by ye sd, Wm. pleaded,
found guilty by petty Jury & sentenced to be hang'd.
Wm. Musgrave Indicted for murder found chance medly by
the pettit Jury & acquitted, paying fees.
30 7**", 1632. a peace with pamunkeys & Chicka. Indians
but a procl. issues not to parly with or trust them.
Jan. 7, 1632. Mischiefs done by said Indians & every 20th
man sent to parly w'th em.
24 June, '33. A woman Marg't Hatch Indicted for murder-
ing her child, pet. Jury find her guilty of manslaughter sen-
tenced to be hang'd, pleads pregnancy & Jury of Matrons find
her not pregnant.
31 Aug't, '33. The Gov'r surrenders 500 acres at archers
hope & has in lieu 500 at powhatan's Swamp near Powhatan's
tree.
5 June, '33. Two men ord'd to serve ye Governor each a
month for dealing & parling with Indians & to give each wit-
ness against them a daies work.
7th Dec'r, '33. Min'rs dues all put together and equally di-
vided between them yet Dr. Pott and Mr. Minefie having sent
for Mr. Panton a min'r out of Engl'd get exempted from that
gen'l order & 80 tithables made apart for Panton.
The Secretary has power to lease ye land belonging to his
place at Accomack for 21 years. 10 Dec'r, 1633.
Ab't this time Sec'y Hen. Finch turned out. See Roll, No.
1 1, page 76.
[Page] 7. The Gov'r & Com'rs of Maryland complain of
evil practices of Capt. Wm. Clayborne with ye Ind'ns to ye
subversion of both colonies for wh. he is confined at Jas. City
till witnesses ex'd ag't him. July 34.
23. »This day viz: 6 Dec, 1634, was read the dec's from
privy Council dated 24 July. 1634, wherein his m'ty pleasure
was signified that the like p' portions of Land should be granted
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 391
to every freeman of this Colony as was due before the year
1625.
25. The Compl't of Maryland Com'rs agt. Clayborn heard
& wit. exa. & he & the depo., &c. sent to England 8 Dec,
1634, Leonard Calvert Gov. of Maryland.
30. A Jury ord'd in Deer. Mr. Rich. Kemp Sec'y in Feb.
34-
176. Mr. Panton abuses Mr. Sec'y Rich. Kemp by calling
him Jackanapes & saying ye King was misinform' d of him,
that he was unfit for his place would be shortly turned out as
ye other Secr'y was, that he was poor and proud and that he'd
preach ag't his pride of a Lock he had tyed up with a ribbon as
old as Pauls.
174, 10 Oct. 1635. Sheriffs app. for the Sev'l Counties.
Acts in 1634 among wh. one is that ye Secr'y or his deputy at-
tend his office from 8 to 10 morning & from 2 till 4 evening ex-
cept Sundaies Si holydaies.
29 Ap'l, 1635. Ord'd that during vacancy of ye Gov'r the
Sec'y should sign Commissions <& passes & discharge for ships
and manage ye affairs of the Indians.
An Assembly to be called to receive Compl'ts ag't Sir John
Harvey on ye pet. of many inhabitants to meet 7 May.
On 28 Ap'l, 1635. Sr. Jno. Harvey thrust out of his Gov'mt
& Capt. Jno. West acts as Gov'r till the King's pleasure known.
In 1634 The Country divided into 8 shires w'ch are to be
governed as the shires in Engl'd the names of ye shires are
James City, Hen'co, Chas. City, Eliz. City, Warwick River,
Warosquoyacke, Cha. River 8c Accomack. And Lieutenants'
to be app. ye same as in Engl'd & in a more especial manner to
take care of ye warr ag't Indians, and as in Engl'd Sheriffs
shall be ellccted to have ye same power as there, and Serjeants
& bailiffs where need requires.
April 28, 1635. Com'rs instead of 5 1. causes may determine
10 1. causes, and one of ye Council to have notice to attend Sc
assist in each Court if [?] shire Com'rs appointed.
Ld. Baltemore sends order to Capt. Clayborn to quit this
Colony & come to his ye Lds. plant' n to wh. he belongs. The
op'n of the Council agt. it, My Lds. patent now in dispute in
Engl'd.
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392 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
14. Le*re of admon. signed by Gov'r Wyatt an Or'd Cur.
21. The proclamacon about Tobo. mencond in 3d act made
in 1639.
34. Sir John Zouch & his son began upon an iron work w'ch
came to nothing their partners failing them .
A Bishop court grants admons cum Testamento of Sir John
Zouchs will.
S3» 37- Q- Court held at James City 8 apl. [pagej 40 See.
nth Oct. 1639; a judgm't according to the 8th Oct. 1639.
38. a Bill valued p. Cur. to 700 lbs. Tobo. a 3d p*tt a judm.
& ace. to the 2d act 1639.
Execucon could not be iss*d till after 10 daies.
39. Damages & Costs upon a non Suit 80I. Tobo.
89, 40. Antho. Pauton Clk. in '38 when Harvey Gov*' be-
ing Banished in apl. 1640 Cur. receive an order to suspend the
sentence from the privie Council.
Sev** admons, granted.
41. At Capt Wm Hawley*s mocon (he was Dep. Gov'' of
Carolina) an order made in favour of my Lord Maltravers pro-
prietor of that Colony.
44. Sir Jno Harvey knt. late Gov'r is now councilor and has
been a great while.
45. a Sherif acco'tt and a quietus est granted him.
47. Satisfacon of a Judge, ack'd.
a Grand Jury ret*d an Indictm't for murder, Ignored and ye
prisoner after proc'l acquited & cleared.
48. 62. an appl. from monthly to Q*ter Court admin, revoked
on producing a p'bate granted in Eng'd.
Sir John Harvey being in debt the Court ord*d that all his
land be sold to pay his debts but he is to have his life in it, and
so is his pe'sonal estate to be sold excepting some stock & fur-
niture for his subsistance.
49. A pettit jury for murder 24 men, for felony but 12 — both
not guilty, disch*d by proclama. Runaways whipt.
50. for dealing w'th servants, punish* mt i mo. Imprism't &
4 times value.
Special bail given.
causes refer' d by Q'ter to monthly court to determ'e.
51. Nihil Decit definitive.
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 393
A Burgess is allowed his necessary expences & monthly court
ord*d to levy it acc. to act. A Jury ord*d in a cause ab't
Land ab*t 1640.
52. phisitians accot. & funeral exp. preferred to all other
debt.
Judgm't if assetts.
by consent pt'rs. a judg't in L'd cause without a jury ref. to
auditors; report to be made to Cur.
53. ref. to Mo. [monthly] Cur. to report to Q'ter Court ref d
to arbitrators by consent.
54. an erronious Judg't (as adjudged given by com'rs of
Mo. Court for which the Comm'rs are fined.
a man dangerously hurt another and imprisoned till he per-
fectly recover' d.
59. Geese 21s. sterl. apeice.
61. The Court gives leave to transp. Tob'o. by way of N.
Engl'd but secur. to be given not to unlade any where but at
London acc. ord*r privy Council.
62. Bond to be given to stand to award of ye Court.
66. a probate and an admicon signed by Gov'r Wyatt.
72. Tho. Stegg fined 5olb sterl, & is to be Imprisoned dur-
ing Gov'rs pleasure for aiding and asisting Sec. Kempe to go
out of ye Country without License & furnishing him with many
in Engl'd because it endangered the records some of w'ch he
had carried with him and because he was gone in contempt of
ye Governm't in having refused to answ'r Pan ton's Complt.
pag. 172, J^ remitted.
73. 8 p. Cent, accord to act of Ass. allowed p. forbearance
by the Court.
Judgm't that a man shall consumate matrimony with his maid
or shee is to be free on paying him 500 1. Tobo. bans having
been pub'd.
75. A Juryman summ'd & not app'g fined los. to ye other
jurors.
79. Capt. Wm. Clayborns grant for Land at Candanngack
on pamunkey Riv'r where ye English under his Com'd first
land'd and fought ye Indians and cut down their corn, Anno.
1629.
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394 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
80. Adultery punished by ye Court. The Gov'r appoints
Sherifs.
82. Loyds estate sequestued for Debt.
83. Recommended to Gov'r 8c Council by priv. Council to
grant to Edw'd Dawber who married Sr. Thomas Gates'
daught'r 8000 acres, half of w'ch is to be free of. Quit rents.
Gates was formerly Gov'r here.
84. Nicho. Farrar, Merch't in London by his will gave a
stock of 300 1. sterl. the Interest whereof was to be p'd to
such as would bring up 3 Indian Children in Learning &
Christianity.
138. Induction to a benefice, something ab't it.
139. Sec'rys fees formily in money to be p'd in Tobo. as
also the fees of his Dep. Cl'ks of his office, sherifs or the in-
ferior clerks of ye Mo. Courts or distress to be made.
144. Sherifs oath & power.
The matters belonging to ye Sec'rys office & to the great seal
office (now to be erected) seperated.
147. Pantons cause again, great blame laid on Mr. Sec'y
Kempe who is in England <& has ye pap's relating to this cause
& was ye chief cause (being not only a Judge but advocate) of
ye sentence of exilem't.
162. John Burton fined for killing an Indian & remitted.
163. bv intercession of Opaskankanow & his great men.
174. An assembly to meet 25 Jan'y, 1640.
190. In regard ye great distance of Accom'k fro. Ja. City
Com'rs there impowered to try all causes there not exceeding
20 1. sterl or 400 1. Tobo.
A fine ack'd before Gov'r & 3 Councell'rs for Ld. in Essex.
200. Clayborn in England.
210. A difference int. Gov'r & Sec'ry ended by consent [of]
Sec'ry's attorneys.
Thomas Rolf petitions governer to let him go see Opachan-
keno to whom he is allied and Cleopatra his mother's sister, 17
December, 164 1. Randolph MSS.
1617-1634.
[Wm. Cradock provost marshall his Com. shows his duty
w'ch no other Com. does.
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council and general court records. 395
Proclamacons or Edicts.
97. Goods to be sold for 25 p. cent. 8c Tobo. at 3s p. lb. &
not under or over, penally 3 years slavery to the Colony.]
[The above enclosed in square brackets erased by a line in
orijj^inal.]
John Hudson sometimes provost marsh' 11 General, for divers
crimes <& misdemeanors comitted agt. ye just and sacred articles,
laws & g^ov'mt of this Colony 8c commonwealth was at Q.
marshalls courts condem'd to die <& according to Le'rs from Sr.
Tho. Smith Treas'r for ye Compa. to Sr. Tho. Dale Gov'r re-
prieved in hopes of amendm't, and now has been guilty of more
errors, Therefore to prevent ye danger in harb*eg so ungrate-
full a viper in the young 8c tender bosom of this so religious
and hopefull an action, He is exiled & banished, 8c if he returns
to be put to death without further judgment.*
7 June, 16 17. Ag't private Trucking with savages 8c putting
down pallisadoes.
[Ag't teaching Indians to shoot with guns on pain of death
to learner 8c teacher and none to hunt deer or hogs without
Gov'rs leave.
to go armed to church 8c to work, keep watch, hoggs in Jas.
Town 2d time forfeit to Colony, hogs to be ringed at Bermuda.
No man to take hay to sweat Tobo. because it robs the poor
beasts of their fodder and sweating Tobo. does it little good as
found by experience.
Every man to set 2 acres with corn (except Tradesmen fol-
lowing their trades) penalty forfeit' re of corn 8c Tobo. be a slave
a year to ye colony.
No man to shoot but in defence of himself ag't Enemies until
a new supply of amun'n.]
[Portion within square brackets erased by lines in original.]
An old Book mark'd E.
Tho. Rolph petitions Gov'r to let him go to see Oppachanko.
to whom he's allied and Cleopatre his mother's sister.
17 Dec'r, 1641. K. Car. ye first on 15th June in his 14th
• Taken from a MS volume in the library of congress. Ch. 23, No.
221.
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396 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
year gives the Gov'r & Council all fines & amerciam'ts in a
loose pp.
Laws in 1642 in w*ch it appears that Geo. Sandis Esq*r (who
was by an act of Asseml. in 1639 appointed Agent for Virg'a)
in ye name of ye Inhabitants petitioned the parliament to restore
to ye late Treas'r & Compa. Whereupon the assembly declare
it was without their advice or desire and for many reasons pro-
test ag't the Compa. and every body concerned in their behalf.
dated 19 Car. Harvey, Gov'r in 1638.
(This answers all Sir Robt. Heaths letters.) The assemblies
to His Ma'tys L'er ab't. In Randolph copy June 16. Tobo.
and other Comodities dated Mar. 26, 1628. That the rumour
of monopolizing their Tobo. has spoiled their trade 8c disheart-
ened ye people from works of greator consequence, deeming it
a place wherein there could be no certainty or stabilty of their
affaires seeing all things are acted without their Consent, thank
the King for favors in disolving former contracts & for Exhibi-
ting Spanish Tobo. That ye raising other stable Comodities
mentioned in the King's L'er is too great a work for such poor
people to perfect & hope for his help therein. As to Tobo.
they agree the King shall have it all at 3s. 6 p. lb here, that
it shall be very good, But if it must be delivered in Engl'd at
4s. a pound, And if the King won't have all the Tobo. to let
them after they have p'd Custom for it transport so much as he
will not have to Hol'd, Irel'd, Turkey or elsewhere.
That the K. may be sure of having good Tobo. Sworn triors
are appointed, plants are to be set 4)^ foot distant & but 1 2
leaves to a plant instead of 25 or 30, can't agree to 6 leaves,
striping will spoil ye Tobo. and hinder other work, & war with
Indians they have stinted Tobo. but not so much as required
because ye people owe much, every master may make 200I. &
125I. for a servant w'ch will amount to 412.500 [stc] there being
ab't 3,000 people here to accept of J<3 in hand and the rest at 5
<& 5 months cant agree to * * cant make pitch & tarr because
not worth ye pains they must be at, having no horses or con-
veniences for bringing in ye wood potashes, nobody knows how
to manage or make it, pipe staves too great labour for little
profit freight so dear. Iron they have sent samples of, but too
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 397
great expence for them to undertake, falling Creek is a good
place for an Iron work but ye tools formerly sent there are all
wasted are thrown into ye River by the Indians in ye Massacre.
As for mines of gold, silver, copper &c. they hope ye moun-
tains are very rich by a discovery ab*t 19 years ago, 4 daies
journey from the falls of Ja. River of a silver mine as is sup-
posed but want horses, carriages &c. for that business.
Nobody knows anything of vines — The Vignerons not having
learn' t anybody or done anything, however some are planted &
kept pruned & grow well, wish more Vignerons might be sent
over. There is no doubt but Bay Salt may be made here and
the fishery is as good as that of Canada in all likelihood.
67. The assemblys petition to the King to take 500 thousand
p'ds of Tobo. at ye price in ye foregoing ans'r and that they
may transport the rest to Hoird &c. lay all this ill success upon
the unconscionable merchants Then follows their sev'l petitions
to the p'vie Council to Henry Visc't Mandvill, to Edw. Earle of
Dorset, & to my L*d La Ware to do them good offices & pre-
vent any contract by any unjust merch't with ye King for ye sole
benefit of Tobo.
71. And then give commission to S'r Fra. Wyatt knt. & Mr.
Edw. Bennett & Mr. Mich'l Marshall — In the name of this
Colony to refuse ye p' positions of ye contract or establish them
so that they may be at some certainty in their affairs, to find
how ye business of the contract stands & to join with the Agents
of Bermudas & Lt. Ch*r ag*t it. to settle the custom & im-
port at 6d p. lb. and to take of 6d p. lb. of ye price the assembly
set on Tobo. if the King refuses to give it upon occasion to dis-
patch a barque of 50 Tons for further advice & to lade her with
arms & amunition, meale & other p' visions & 20 men to per-
suade ye Lords that the importacon of all Tobo. to Lond*n
& p'hibiting Spanish Tobo. will make that city ye staple of
Tobo. and that other countries will come there for it as they
used to Spain, which will greatly increase His Ma'tys Customs,
dat. 29 Mar., 1628.
At midsummer Quarter Court, viz: i June ye Min'r & Ch.
Wardens to present upon oath with a reg'r of burials. Chris-
tenings & marriages & acco'ts of levies &c. Ch. Wardens to be
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398 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
chose at Easter & to take an oath in ye act set down w'ch is to
p'vent all vices. [1631.]
The Burgesses write to the privy Council, 6 Mar., 1631, ex-
pressing joy that the K. had comissionated them to take care of
this Country, desire a favourable interpretacon of the acts of
Ass. now sent. That all former grants lib'rties & privileges
may be confirmed ace. to Le'rs pat't granted since dissolucon
of ye Compa. pray for a free trade everywhere except Tobo.
and that no undertakers may intrench upon ye limits of this
plant' n to 24 June, 1625. All comers had 50 acres, pray con-
firm'n thereof & that all since have 25 and all for 7 years to
come 12 acres, that a coin debased to 25 p. cent, be sent
hither, tell them ye great charge of the building ye fort & pray
for the land ajoining to it to help to pay for it, complain of their
poverty by means of unconscionable merch'ts and pray allow-
ance of their act to make Tobo. 5d. p. lb. that none but plan-
ters have liberty to trade in ye bay. That the Gov*r is forced
to spend his own estate ye former means for Govr's gone there-
fore recomend his case to their consid'n, that Capt. S. Mathews
has spent his fortunes ab't fort & pray ye Customs thereof be
granted him and begg them to deliver their peticon to the King
(which is not entred.)
The Gov'r & Council ye same day also Write to ye privy
Council excuse their not yet having got better staple than Tobo.
8c ye forms of their acts wanting men capable to do it & pray
for Tradesmen & others <& ministers to come, want mynors to
go on with Iron. That ye arr'ges of qt. rents may be now de-
manded that all ought to be obliged to seat & referr to ye
Burg's L'er.
Assembly ist fTeb'y, 1632.
A Le'r from the p. Council that ye K. will confirm ye same
Intrests <&c. as before recalling ye patents, and that ye Gov'r
dispose ye land to all free planters as before 1625. recomends
Capt. Button & orders him some land at appumattox in p'p'tion
to his servants, 22 July, 1634.
A Le'r from Sr. Robt. Heath w'ch directs the Improving
Tobo. making Iron salt pitch & tarr pipe staves potashes &
sending samples 8c also of Rich mines— no date.
End of the Book.
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 399
1 626- 1 634.
Book No. 43.
Stur^ion fishery here costs advent' ers 1700 1. but no acco't
of their profit begun & cons' d 5 years appears by L're — 30
Augt. 1626, ft-om p. Council.
The K. offended at their sending their Tobo. to the Low
Countries to diminution of his p'fit.
pag. 1. A Comission to Nath Bass with 3 others to try all
causes in a plantacon except capital offences.
None to go abroail but in p'ties Nor to go to work without
a continual watch to be kept at night through the whole Colony,
not to spend powder in drinking; by procl. 26 Augt. 1626.
divers Comicons to trade Sc for Captains.
Capt. Nat. Basse to Ransom Englishman prisoners to the
Nansemung Indians.
divers Comicons to go ag't ye Indians in July, 27.
In December 1627 ffra. West Governor.
A procl. to be carefull of ye Indians the Eng. hav'g dis-
covered their Intencons to go to warr next spring, dat — 12
Ap'l 27.
The price of Tobo. falling on the pet. of advent' ers the Court
resolves the people shall pay their debts this year And that they
will p'ceed according to Equity and Justice <& pass by the Law
when too rig'rous. 4 Dec'r 1627.
Another procl. not to spend powder at meetings drinkings
marriages 8c entertainments &c. because a warr is expected
with Ind'ns next spring as it happened last summer, dat. 30
Ap'l 1628.
The people making great quantities of Tobo. & that bad for
want of managm't And neglected the corn by w'ch a great
scarcity is occasioned. The Gov'r w'th ye advice of ye Coun-
cil & Gen'l Assembly have order' d a stint <& appointed a way
to manage Tobo. and to oblige the planting of corn. 30 Ap'l
1628.
L'd Baltemore & family comes here from his plant' n at new
foundland the oaths tender' d him w'ch he refused. A L'er
thereof to the privie Council. 30 Nov. 1629.
Sev'l Englishmen being taken pris'rs by the Indians a peace
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400 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
is to be made till they are del'd up & ye English see a fit oppor-
tunity to break it. And a procl. is issued to make known that
the Indians are not to be taken as friends but care to be taken
of them as if enemies in actual warr. 12 Aug*t 1628.
John Pott Esq'r Gov*r, 20 March 1628, Signs Sev*l Com's for
Comanders of sev*l precincts, hund'ds & necks & for monthly
Courts in sev'l places according to order of Court dated 7,
March 1628 in which any 3 of the Com*rs (Quorum Unus) have
power to determine suits under 100 1. Tobo. or ye value and
they are to keep the peace & proclamacons & punish breach
thereof bv fine* or otherwise, (except life & member) provide
p*ties may app'l to the court at Ja. City held by the Gov'r &
Council and they ye s'd Com*rs are to keep records of all
Judgm'ts orders & other matters of moment. And the Coman-
ders of hundreds were Conservators of the peace & had the
care of the militia. The s'd Gov'r also sign'd Comicons to
trade with the Indians in the bay & Rivers and the Com*r had
power to punish his men according to the laws of ye sea life
excepted.
In July, 1629, (in Randolph MS. Nov*r 6, 1629) he gives
Com'ds to go ag't Indians according to order of Court 9th
instant & utterly destroy them and the Command' r has the
same power in punishing &c. as the K*gs Com* con will give
him. Great numbers of people arrive.
Sr. John Harvey kn't Gov'r signs a Com' con 6 Mar., 1631,
to Nat. Basse to trade between 34 & 41 No. Lat. & to go to it,
Engl'd, Nova Scotia or ye West Indie Islands with Instrucons
to invite the Inhabitants hither if any so inclined especially if
those of N. Engl'd dislike coldness of ye Climate or barrenness
of ye soil to offer them Delaware Bay. Offer corn at 25s. p.
barrel or 15s. if they fetch it & cattle, hoggs, goats at good
rates. And also Coms. to trade to ye Dutch plant' n & Canada,
And also Com's for monthly Courts in w'ch- he gives ye same
power as Justices of ye peace & requires the Com'rs to proceed
according to the Laws of Engl'd all causes und'r 5 1. He signs
a Com. to Clayborn to discover unknown places.
Security to be given when any p'son appealed from Mo.
Court.
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COUNCIL AND GENERAL COURT RECORDS. 401
Warr with the Indians continues and a great drought in ye
Sum'er 32, occasions a scarcity of corn Whereupon sev'l have
corn's to trade with the Indians for corn dat. 14 ffeb. same year.
Com. for Comand'r of ye fort at pt. Comfort to ffra. Pott
und'r Sam'l Mathews.
Sev'i Com's to go to warr with ye Ind'ns our irreconcilable
enemies in July, 1634.
The other side of ye same book.
Blank to page 57. A L'er to p. Council excusing their ex-
porting Tobo. to ye Low Countries. The owners of ye ship
being advent'rs of the Virg'a Compa. And we had no order
ab't those matters, for ye future bonds shall be taken to deliver
all Tobo. in Engl'd. That it is reported that Mr. Amis Sc ais
solicit ye K. for a contract upon our Tobo. & for p' mission to
bring in yearly 50,000 1. of Spanish Tobo. which will entirely
ruin this plant' n and therefore humbly supplicate ye Council
that such things may not be granted by his Matie, 5 Ap'l, 1627.
58. Another L'er to p. Council that the Gov'r Sr. Geo.
Yeardley is dead in praise of whom much is said. That they
have chosen Capt. ffra. West, Gov'r, that there is nothing to
support the Gov'rs or other places but their private estates,
that last sum'er if they had not wanted shot they should have
entirely extirpated the salvidges, desire soldiers & other supplies
and again pray ag't any monopoly of their Tobo. 20 Dec,
1627.
See ye L'er pagre 13. A L'er to Sr. Robt. Heath the K.
Atto. Gen'l in ans'r to a L'er of his that they cannot try ye
goodness of ye Tobo. made last year being all strip't for deliv-
ery of w'ch at Lond'n they have taken secur'ty w'ch thev
should have done to ye ships gone if they had not rec'd the
Kings procl. that no Tobo. should be imported into any of his
Dominions without lycense under great ^eal of England, that an
assembly shall be called to consult ab't Tobo. & that great care
shall be taken to make good Tobo. pray ag't monopoly and
that ye K. will be content with less than usual 1,000 men being
lately come in & comod'ty being excessive dear hardlyjable to
subsist.
(to be continued)
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402 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND,
Communicated by Mr. Lothrop Withington, 30 Little Russell street,
W. C, London (including "Gleanings" by Mr. H. F. Waters,
not before printed.)
(Continued)
Hugh Nelson of Penrith, Co. Cumberland, gent. Will 13
December, 1708. Proved 16 February, 1708-9. All land and
houses in Penrith unto the Reverend Richard Holme of Lowther
Co Westmoreland and Robert Wilson, Thomas Nelson and
Thomas Fisher all of Penrith in trust for the use of my wife
Sarah Nelson for life, and then I give (the Shops and Ware-
houses called Redmans excepted'i to the said trustees for the
use of my eldest son now living Thomas Nelson he to pay my
sons John Nelson, Hugh Nelson, and to my daughters Dorothy
wife of George Wilkinson and Bridget Nelson ;^300. If he
make default, in such case I give the whole to said trustees (ex-
cept the house and shop called Redmans) for the use of my son
John, he to pay the said ;^300 If he make default, to my son
Hugh. If all fail, the estate to be divided amongst them all.
To my grandson William Nelson now in Barbadoes, ^20 (having
formerly laid out and payd upon the account of his father ;^500,
to be paid when he is 21. To my grand child Sarah Wilkinson
;^20. To my grand child Dorothy Wilkinson ;^20. To my
servants Samuel Denny and Ellenor Robinson 20s. each. The
house &c called Redmans formerly mortgaged to William Nel-
son my father, and all the rest of my goods to Sons John and
Hugh and Daughters Dorothy and Bridget my joint executors.
Overseers aforesaid trustees. Witnesses : Jos. Langhorne,
John Sandson, Geo. Sandson
Consistory Carlisle Filed Will.
[Thomas Nelson, the son who is named in the will, emigrated to Vir-
ginia and settled at Yorktown. He became a man of influence and
acquired a large estate. He married, ist, Margaret Reade and, 2nd,
Mrs. Frances Tucker n^e Houston. He was the father of VVm. Nelson,
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 403
member Council and acting governor, and of Thomas Nelson, Secre-
tary of State and last President of Council under Colonial regime.
Thomas, son of Wm. Nelson, was theVell-known signer of the Declara-
tion of Independence, Governor of Virginia, and Commander of the
militia of the State at the siege of Yorktown. The tomb of the emi-
grant remains in the churchyard at Yorktown, and bears the following
arms : Per pale argent ami sable ^ a chevron between three fleus-de-tis
countercharged. Crest. A fletis delis per pale argent and sable and
the following epitaph :
Hie Jacet
Spe certa resurgendi in Christo
Thomas Nelson. Generosus
Filius Hugonis et Sariie Nelson
de Penrith in Comitatu Cumbriae
Natus 2o'mo die Februarii Anno Domini, 1677
Vitae bene gestae finem implevit
7 mo. die Octobris, 1745. Aetatis suie 68.— Ed.]
Hugh Nelson of Penrith, Co Cumberland. Will i Septem-
ber, 1734; proved 23 October, 1734. To my cousin William
Bleamire of Penrith, the elder, Brazier and to my nephew
William Cookson of Penrith, grocer, all my lands in Penrith be-
queathed to me by my Uncle John Nelson. I also give them
all debts, note books, a legacy left me by my father Hugh
Nelson in trust to be sold and conveyed to my Brother Thomas
Nelson of Yorktown in Virginia, America, to be distributed
among such of the children of my late brother George Wilkinson
of Penrith deceased, by my sister Dorothy, now wife of William
Richardson of Penrith aforesaid. Witnesses : William Wilkin-
son, William Barton, Dorothy Cookson.
Peter Moulsen of London, gent. Will 29 May 1674,
proved 30 June 1674. To be buried in Little St Bartholomew,
behind the South door of the Church where I used to sit. My
funeral charges not to exceed ,^20. To my Brother Foulke
Moulson, who is now beyond the seas in Virginia, if he be liv-
ing, ;^2oo of English money, he to come to England for it, and
give a legal discharge. If he be living at my death, and shall
not come over within two years with a full determination to live
and die in England, only ;^ioo. If he die first, ;{^ioo to my
three nieces, Anne Roades, widow, Margaret Pommell, wife of
Pemmell, and Mary Cary, wife of Mr. Daniele Gary, and
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404 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
;^ioo to my friend Mrs. Margarett Blague, my executrix. To
nephew Peter Moulson of Warton als Waverton ;^ioo. A lease
I hold of P. Dutton Esqre, in occupation of said Peter and niece
Ann Roades, to said Peter Moulson. To Ann Roades. cattle,
sheep, cows, etc., household stuff and furniture, and ;^66 13s. 4d.
To Margarett Pemmell ;^50. To Mary Gary ;^66. 13s. 4d, and I
forgive her and her husband Daniel a debt of ;^I50. To Dame
Moulson, mother of said Peter, ^10 To Margarett Harding,
wife of Mr. Edward Harding, ;^io. To him and his two sons
Edward and William /^^ apiece. To Thomas Yates, another
of said Margarett's sons, ;^io. To Richard Mills, Treasurer
of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 40s. To Edward Arryes
40s. To Mr. John Haynes 20s. To said Mr. Richard Mills
and the Governor of said Hospital for the use of poor ^30. To
Churchwardens of Parish of Warton in Ghester where I was born
;^20. To poor of Little St. Bartholomews 40s. To Dr. John
Micklethwaite 40s. To my friends Nicholas Raynton, Thomas
Raynton, George Raynton, and Lady Rye 20s. each. To Mr.
William Gawthorne ;^io. To Ghristopher Gawthorne £^. 6s.
8d. To Mrs. Margarett Varward 20s. To Mrs. Margaret
Blague ^150, and all the rest and residue. Witnesses: Thos
Gooke, John Haslipp, Wm. Gawthorne.
Bunce, 74.
[Edward Moalsen was granted 50 acres in York county on North
branch Chisman's Creek, adjoining the lands of William Hawkins and
Samuel Tucker, November 25th, 1657. Renewed to him March 18,
1662.— Ed.]
William Goudrey of Londen, gent., now bound forth to
Virginia. Will 7 July 1637; proved 24 April 1638 and 2 July
1638. Being bound for Virginia in the ship "Rebecca" of Lon-
don. To my sister Susan Jepson, wife of Robert Jepson, ;^5.
All the rest to my mother Anne Preston. Executors: My mother
Anne Preston and William Palmer of London, Merchant taylor.
Witnesses: William Jennison, John Dewer, servant to John
Wheariey Scr., John Lewin.
Lee, 47.
William Quicke, Citizen and Grocer of London. Will 26
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 405
October 1614; proved 21 January 1614-5. [Printed in Wafers' s
Gleanings, p. 20.]
Rudd, I.
[William (Juick, Grocer and Apolhecary of London, was a member
of the Virginia Company under the second charter and paid ^62.
los.— Ed.]
Thomas Stacie of Maidstone, County Kent, gentleman.
Will 31 August 1619; proved 13 September 1619. To my
nephewe William Joye (sonne of my brother:in-lavve Roberta
Joye) all my lands, tenements, situate and being in Virginia, to
him and his heirs for ever. To the said Roberte Joye all my
Goods and chattels in whose hands soever as well in England as
in Virginia or elsewhere, which said Roberte Joye I make my
executor. Witnesses: Tho: Ayerest, Thomas Skelton.
Parker, 88.
[Wm. Joy was living at Elizabeth City at the time of the census of
February, 1623. Thomas Stacy was a member of the Virginia Com-
pany, and paid ^25. "Mr. Robert Stacy" was Burgess for Martin's
Brandon in the first Virginia Assembly in 1619.— Ed.]
Edward Fleetwood of London, gentleman. Will 9 No-
vember 1608; proved 19 December 1609. To my mother ^50.
To my brother William Sergeant ^^50. To my Brother Francis
Fleetwood ;^50. To my Kynes woman germaine Elizabeth
Howse ;^5o. To my cosen Sir Fleetwood Dormer, Knt., ;^50.
To my lovinge friend and hoste Robert Brett, Shomaker, £20.
To my sister the Lady Cordelia Fouls ;^ioo. Rest to my
Brother Sir William Fleetwood of Great Missenden, County
Bucks, Knight, executor. A Remembraunce of such things as
I lefte with Mr. Robert Brett at my departure for Virginia, the
eighth of Maye A. D. 1609. My bookes in a presse of the said
Mr. Bretts, An Emptie Truncke, and An Emptie Deske, a
Cipresse Cheste, A broad sworde, A rapier and dagger, A
Bagge of Instruments for Sea, Gown, yellow Cloathe, A Stuflfe
case Anglerodd, A Waynskott chiste to be given my Kins-
woman Elizabeth Howse if I die. A Celler of Glasses which
my cosen Edward White left with me at his goyng to spruce-
land. Edward Fleetwood.
Dorset, 116.
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406 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
[Edward Fleetwood, Esquire, was a member of the Virginia Com-
pany under the second charter and paid £t2. los. He was son of Sir
William Fleetwood, Recorder of London. His brother, Sir William,
was long M. P., and was a member of the Virginia Company. The
cousin. Sir Fleetwood Dormer, was of Lee Grange and Purton, Bucks,
and died Feb'uary ist, 1638-9. He was the father of another Sir Fleet-
wood Dormer, of Arle Court in Gloucestershire, who emigratid to Vir-
ginia (Burk's Extinct Baronetage. ^ By deed December 26, 1649, John
WMiite, of James Parish in Virginia, merchant, sold (in consideration of
15,000 pounds of tobacco and cask) i,or,o acres near the Falls of James
river, called "My Lord's Island," "Prince's Island," and other lands ad-
joining to Fleetwood Dormer, gent. The witnesses to this deed were
Thomas Lunsford, Philip Honywood and John Meare, two of them cer-
tainly officers in the King's army, but recently come to Virginia. On
March i8th of the same year Dormer sold this land to Robert Lesley of
James City, rector, later the land, which included parts of the present
sites of Richmond and Manchester, passed to the Steggs, and later to
the Byrds. This will is especially interesting as giving an instance, of
whi( h there were no doubt many examples of the influence of a mem-
bership in the Virginia Company on the settlement of Virginia.— Ed.]
Nathaniel Bugge, of Branderton, County Suflfolk, Gierke.
Will undated; proved 24 April 1656. To Mary Bugge, my
wife, my goods, etc. To Joseph Bugge, my kinsman, my
house in Tenderinge, to pay to George Bugge of London ;^6o,
40s a year to Marie Bugge widow of Samuel Bugge deceased,
and £^0 to increa.se the portions of sixteen of my kinsmen and
women. To Samuel Bugge, son of Samuel Bugge deceased,
my house at Tender: he to pay to Joseph Bugge his brother
;^4o and ;^40 to the portions of the rest of my kindred. To
Joseph Bugge, my Brother, my house at Laxfield, he to pay
^140 to my kindred. My house at Titshall to be sold by my
executors, and the money to be equally divided amongst these
following : To Thomas Bugge, son of Thomas Bugge,
deceased, now in Virginia, if he shall come over
to give a discharge; Jane Puckle (wife to Richard Puckle)
and Sara Bugge, children of Thomas Bugge; Marie, Sara,
Joanna, and Bugge, children of Samuel Bugge, deceased;
Anne and Frances, daughters to John Bugge; Nathaniel
and John Bugg, children of John Bugg whoe deceased
at Birch in Suffolk 1653; and Nathaniell Maxwell, Samuel
Maxwell, Sara Twisse (wife of Samuel Twisse), and Rebecca
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VIRGINIA GLEANINGS IN ENGLAND. 407
Maxwell, children of Richard Maxwell and Sara my sister.
To Nathaniell Bugge, son of John Bugge deceased, my house
in Batisford, he to pay to Nathaniel Bugge, son of Thomas
Bugg, ;^ioo and to Sara Maxwell, my sister "The some of
Five of good and lawful money of England." To Joseph, my
Brother, all my ready money, to pay my funeral charges and
to give ;^5, half to the Poore of Nedam Market, half to the
other poor in the Town. Executor: my Brother Joseph Bugge.
No witnesses.
Berkeley, 114
[Samuel Bugg died in St. Peter's Parish, New Kent county, Va.
September 13, 1716. An account of his descendants is given in U^illiam
and Mary Quarterly^ Vol. X, 271-272. — Ed.]
Richard Wheeler, citizen and Inholder of London. Will
3 February 1656-7; proved 5 January 1657-8. To my grand-
child Richard Moye ;^i5o, and to his Brother John Moye, now
residing in Virginia, ^50; if either die, the portions to go to the
survivors of them, the said John to come to England to receive
his legacy, or it will not be paid. To my sister Margarett
Wheeler the sum of 40s. a year for life. To my Cozin Stephen
Wheeler of Chelsey J[^% and to his son Arthur Wheeier 40s. To
my kinsman John Langford 40s. , and to his son Cecill 20s. To
Katherene Freeke and her son John Freeke 20s. apiece and to
her daughter los. To my kinsfolks Thomas, Ann, and Eliza-
beth Kelsey 40s. each, and to Simon Kelsey, who lives with
me, ^3. To these four Kelsies household stuff value of ;^4.
To Joane Wheeler, my brother's daughter 40s., and to the now
wife of Richard Smith my kinswoman 20s., and to her son
Hayes my godson 40s. To my brother in law Hitchcock in
Wiltshire los., to his three sons 5s. each, and to his daughter
los. To George Cooke and Arthur Cooke his brother I2d.
each out of my property called * 'the Cocke in the hole" in
Moorefields, London, after the above legacies are paid, as fol-
lows: To my grandchild Richard Moye ;^i6 per annum; to
Susan Kelsey, who formerly lived with me and whom I brought
up from Childhood, a house in tenure of one John Francklin.
All the rest to my brother in lawe George Kelsey, with ^5, and
;^5 per annum as long as my Lease doth run. Executor: said
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408 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
George Kelsey. Overseers: My Cosen Stephen Wheeler and
William Cunningham of Moorefields; victualler. Wittnesses:
William House, John Slater, William Hall Scr.
Wootton, 2.
[John Moye, son in-law of Richard VVheeler, lived at Linhaven in
lower Norfolk county, Va., and died 1645. At August Court, J 645,
Robt. Davyes was ordered to sell the estate of John Moye, deceased,
for the benefit of his creditors and orphans. At the next Court the in-
ventory was recorded. There are other records of these Moyes and of
Richard Wheeler in later records of the county. — Ed.]
Susanna Farley, of St. Stephen in Coleman Streete, Lon-
don, widdow. Will 17 March 1655-6, proved 10 April 1656.
To be buried in St. Stephen Walbrooke, beside my husband
Humphrey Farley. To son William Farley, apprentice at Wor-
cester, a lease of the house in Walbrooke London. To my son,
Thomas Farley a court cupboard, 5 chaires, etc., in posses-
sion of Henry Robinson, of Black Friars, Taylor. To his wife
Joyce, a black gown. To my daughter Susanna, the wife of
Charles Gregory of Virginia, a bed and belongings. To my
daughter Anne Mitchell, wife of Peter Mitchell, my wearing ap-
parell. To my sister Jane Pickering, my small Hooper ring of
gould. To my sister Bridget Shippey my redd clothe petticoate,
and her husband John, my best hatt. To their daughter
Susanna, my goddaughter, my Turkey moihair petticoate. To
my cousin Mary Harvey, widow, my nightgown and a furr pet-
ticoate. All the rest (except my books to Thomas Farley my
son) to my Brother John Shippey, Citizen, Tyler, and Bricklayer
of London. Executor. Said John Shippey. Witnesses: John
Vaughton, Mary Vaughton, John Alsope Scr., Isabell Smith,
Anne Breesford.
Berkeley, 125.
Daniel Hopkinson. Will 21 November 1636: proved 8 April
1 637. My Brother Joseph Clifton to be my executor and attorney
to pay wages and receive money, tobacco, etc. from Virginia,
and appoint seamen etc. for the ship Tristam and Jane. To wife
Sarah my share in said ship. To my father Clifton and Mother
Clifton two bever Hattes. To my mother Katharine Hopkin-
son a bever hatt, to my brother Abraham a bever hatt, to my
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LETTER OF COL. RICHARD K. MEADE. 409
brother Joseph Clifton a bever hat, and to my brother Michael
Markland my surgery chest. To my brother and sister Lole
two bever hats; my ring to my sister Barbary Clifton. To Mr.
Reeves the freighte of two tunne of goods homeward bound.
To Mr. Hart the same and 25s to buy him a ring. Witnesses:
Robert Reeves, Thomas Mant.
Goare, 52.
John Ringe of London, Yoeman, being bound for Virginia in
the Ship the Create Hopewell. Will 31 August 1636: proved
19 April 1637. To my Brother Matthew Ringe, plummer, of the
Strand, London, one half of my goods, etc., and to Thomas
Fluellinge, livinge att the Pottashe quarter in Virginia, the other
half, except as follows: To my friend Master Richard Atkins,
three hundred weight of Tobacco, and my gold signet ring; to
Mrs. Abigail Atkins, his wife, my Drumme cupp of silver; to
Margaret Burnett, wife of Robert Burnett, my silver spoone; to
Raphael Shemans, Chirurgeon of said ship, my bible and 20s.
Exeeutors: Matthew Ringe my Brother, and Richard Atkins.
Witnesses: Edward North, Richard Havne, William Baulke,
N. P.
Goare, 54.
[Joseph Ring, merchant of York couuty, was born 1646, and died
February 26 in 1702-3. He lived at "Ringfield,'* where his tomb bear-
ing his arms remains He left a iarge and valuable estate. For notice
of the family see William and Mary Quarterly, VI, 148, 149.— En.]
LETTER OF COL. RICHARD KIDDER MEADE.
[We are indebted to Rev. F. A. Meade for the copy of this
letter from Col. Meade, an active and distinguished Revolutionary
officer, who was one of Washingtion's aids.]
Tapan, Oct. 3d, 1780.
I wrote to you, my good friend, I know not the precise time,
but in the course of last month, on a subject that keeps me
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410 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
anxious. I have been absent for some days with the General,
on an interview between him and the General and Admiral of
the French army and navy. On my return I expected to have
been gratified with a line from you in answer. I have however
now been here five or six days, and cannot find a single line
from you. You know I have patience, and I shall exhibit it on
this occasion, as I know you are well employed, and then I am
confident there was nothing offensive in my letter, and that
there is still time for your advice. I am prompted now to give you
this hint, not because I conceive you will not give it an answer,
but in consequence of a recent infernal conduct that has lately
taken place, which you must have been warned of before now.
This circumstance, though I have ever looked on Arnold as an
avaricious, unprincipled villain, has added fresh proofs, from the
pain I have felt on the occasion, to evince that I have no more
business in Public life than I have to cut the throat of you my
friend. As I expect to see you not at a very distant period,
and you will have been informed of this black affair, tho* not of
all the particulars of it, I shall reserve them until then. I will
only add that poor Andre, the British Adjt. General was ex-
ecuted yesterday ; nor did it happen, my D*r Sir (though I
would not have saved him for the world), without the loss of a
tear on my part. You may think this declaration strange, as he
was an enemy, until I tell you that he was a rare character.
From the time of his capture to his last moment his conduct
was such as did honor to the human race. I mean by these
words to express all that can be said favorable of man. The
compassion of every man of feeling and sentiment was excited
for him beyond your conception. This affair I know will furnish
us when we meet with matter for some hours conversation, and
I will on my way to Virginia, allot as much time as possible for
this, and other purposes. Both you and the good woman are
entitled to all the respect and friendship that I can bestow.
Remember me sincerely to her, and be assured my dear friend,
that I am
Yours
R. K. Meade.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 411
VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS.
From Originals in The Virginia State Archives.
(Continued from XIII, 50.)
[Election of Delegates in Berkeley County, 1775*.]
Advertisement, t
The Gentlemen of the Committee for Berkeley are Requested
to meet without fail at the Court house on the first day of May,
next ensuing to take under consideration matters of the great-
est Importance Respecting their existance as Freeman — It is
wished the Gentlemen of the Vestry were appointed to meet the
same day at the same place as their advice and concurrence is
much desired.
The second day of May is appointed for General Muster at
the same place when all officers of the militia Volunteer Com-
panies & others are ordered to attend as they wish well to them-
selves & Country.
The Freeholders are Requested to meet the same day to
choose Delegates who are to continue for one year to represent
them in Colony Convention.
Adam Stephen. t
[Certificate in Regard to Notice of Election.]
Mr. Hill having some objections to the Method that was taken
*The first four papers relate to a disputed election case in Berkeley
county, Va. On July 27, 1775, the Convention declared the election
irregular and ordered a new one.
t Probably this was a written notice posted in various places in the
county.
t Adam Stephen, Colonel of a Virginia regiment in the French and
Indian war and served with distinction; was a Colonel in the Continen-
tal Line, was at Trenton, Brandywine and Germantown, and was
promoted major-general. He was accused of intoxication and dis-
missed from the service.
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412 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of advertising the Election of Provincial Delegates for this
County desir'd me to certify what I know of the matter. I do
therefore Certify that there never was any advertisement given
me to pubHsh, tho' I have four places of divine Worship to at-
tend in this County. The within Advertisement I saw at the
Church Door on Sunday the 24th Day of April last after I came
out of Church and was informed that it was set up before divine
service began & there I found it last Sunday when I took it
down : Given from under my hand this 23rd day of May,
1775-
Daniel Sturges,
Rect'r of Norborne Parish in Berkeley C'ty.
[Petition ok Freeholders of Berkeley County to the
Convention, 1775.]
To the Honourable the Moderator and the Delegates of the
Colony of Virginia in Convention assembled :
The Petition of the Freeholders of the County of Berkeley
Humbly sheweth That it being represented to the Inhabitants of
the Colony by the late Convention that the State of publick
affairs rendered it indispensably necessary for each County in
the Colony to Elect two Delegates to represent them the en-
suing year with full powers to make all such Regulations for the
Conduct of the Colony from time to time as might be found ex-
pedient. That your Petitioners conceive at a Time when the
greatest dangers seem to threaten the whole Continent with the
total Destruction of what ought to be esteemed in Life it be-
hoves the Inhabitants of each County to be particularly atten-
tive to the Choice they make of persons who are to guide and
direct their Country in times of such Difficulty and Distress, To
which End they apprehend the most publick notice of the time
and place of Election ought to be given to the Inhabitants
of each County that the whole Inhabitants might be apprized
of a Transaction of such Consequence to them and further
that such a Period should be fixed for the Election from the
time of notice that they might have it in their Power to can-
vass and consider the merits and abilities of such persons
as might be proposed for their Choice, That an entire Disregard
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 413
to those two essential points (^by which a person who is alto-
gether improper at this time has been returned to represent
this County) oblige your Petitioners to trouble your Honors
with a state of the Transaction upon the occasion.
That Colo. Adam Stephen without consulting any person in
the County as far as your Petitioners have been able to learn
arrogated to himself the sole power of appointing the time of
Election and notifying it to the public. That the time fixed
upon by him for the Election succeeded so quickly to the Noti-
fication and the Notification was given in so partial and private
a manner that a great number of Freeholders did not hear of
the Election until it was over and many of those who did attend
were not acquainted with it till the very day of the Election.
That many of your Petitioners who were present could view
these measures in no other Light than a .scheme laid by that
Gent to procure himself to be elected against the general sense
of the Country which they openly declared and requested that
another day might be appointed for the purpose or if that
should not be judged expedient that the Poll might be kept
open till a succeeding day that proper notice might be conveyed
to those who were as yet unapprized of the Election, a proposal
which your Petitioners conceived no persons of Candour could
make the least objection to. However, Colo. Stephen refused
to adopt either of the measures and imperiously declared that
he viewed himself as duly elected and whatever might be the
opinion of the County was determined to attend whenever a
Convention should be summoned which induced many to sub-
mit to the Proceedings of the Day.
That your Petitioners conceive this to be a most daring and
violent attack upon their Liberty of Suffrage at a time when the
publick Voice in all matters referred to them ought to be col-
lected in the most free, open and unbiassed manner, and there-
fore hope that you'll take the same under your Consideration
and refuse the said Colo. Stephen a seat among you untill a free
and open Election may be procured in the said County.
And your Petitioners shall pray, Sec.
Jacob Hite, Samuel Kerchevall,
Joseph Barny, William Morgan,
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VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
John West,
John Rion,
Horatio Gales,
Peter Burr,
William Lucas,
Mickel Ingel,
Daniel Hendricks,
Philip Engle,
Timothy Sewell,
Martin Walford,
James Morris,
Walter Baker,
Adam Endler,
John Taylor,
Samuel Taylor,
Gerry Smid,
Robert Lonery,
£dvvard Lucas, Senr.,
Adam Moler,
Casper Peltels,
Wm. Morgan, Capt.,
Andreas Hieronymus,
George Hoegels,
James Hendricks,
Moses Tullis,
George Hant,
Jacob Coons,
Heinrich Enlers,
Henry Strup,
Thomas Nelson,
Thomas Hall,
Adam Birker,
George Maret,
William Strup,
Caspar Sever,
John Smith,
Jacob Miller,
John N. Alvin,
Jonathan Britton,
Edward Lucas, Jun.,
William Darke,
Daniel Schanebley,
Cornelius Thompson,
George Cloak,
Andrew McCarmick,
John Strode,
Wm. Vestall,
Henry Schutz,
Heinrich Fink,
Michael Hentzel,
Mardin Endler,
John Sewell.
Thomas Crow,
Phillip Thyts,
Peter Wals,
Jacob Israel,
Isaac Israel,
Nicholas Hain,
George Bishop,
Thomas Hart, Sr.,
Thomas Hart, Junr.,
Jeremiah Stillwell,
Michal Billmires,
Robert Lemen, Junr.,
Nicodemus Purck Dull,
Thomas Pearce,
Henry Hanes,
Melser Pope,
Thomas Worly,
John Jamyson,
Adrian Wynkoop,
Benjamin Blackford,
Michail Bedinger,
Jacob Wren,
Michael Welsh,
Michael Engel,
Joseph Swearenger,
Benoni Swearenger,
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 415
William Right, Wm. Brown,
Abel Morgan, John Swearenger,
John Nowland, Henry Etter,
Wm. Morgan, Thomas Swearenger,
William Hall, John Gentt,
James Keith, John Jannuste,
Anthony Gholson, Michael Blene,
Ulric Nachmann, Samuel Roberts,
George Ludwig Rosenberger, Thos. Rutherford,
John Hite, Junr., Joseph Hite,
Wm. Coyle, (X) his mark.
[Proceedings of Berkeley County Committee,
June 1775.]
At a meeting of the Committee for the County of Berkeley
at the Court house on the Second Wednesday in June 1775.
According to Adjournment. Present 15 Members. A copy
of a petition to the Colony Convention which this Committee
were Informed was promoted by Jacob Hite and Thomas Hite
seting forth "that there was not proper notice given to the free-
holders for an Election of Delegates to represent this County in
the said convention for one year and that Colo. Adam Stephen
had appointed the day for the same in an arrogant manner,
&c.," being read Resolved^ that (upon enquiry) It appears to
this Committee that the sd. Adam Stephen in appointing the
day for the said Election acted by the advice of several mem-
bers of this Committee.
Resolved, that it is the opinion of this Committee that the
day appointed for the said Election was very proper for the
same it being the day appointed for a General Muster of the
Militia and the next succeeding day after the seting of the Com-
mittee & Vestry and that by reason of the publick notariety
thereof a numerous & Respectable body of the freeholders ap-
peared and voted on the said Election and this Committee
further Considering that the subject of this petition upon a
motion made to the Committee on the day of Election who
were then sitting by the sd. Jacob Hite & Thomas Hite by the
Consent of all the Candidates had been twice Referred and as
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416 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
often determined by a majority to be a fair Election. Therefore
we cannot help thinking That the said petition is groundless
and only tends to create Jealousies and Divisions in this County.
A copy.
Phil. Pendleton, Cl'k,
C'ommrs.
[Petition For a Ferry in Amherst County.]
June 5. 1775.
To the Hononable the Speaker & the Gent of the House of
Burgesses.
The Petition of the Inhabitants of the County of Amherst on
Harris's Creek & the parts adjacent thereto Humbly Sheweth.
That your Petitioners have frequently business at Bedford
Court & that having the Fluvanna River* to Cross in their way
thereto are for the convenience of Crossing at a Ferry, obliged to
go greatly out of their way or be under the necessity of Swim-
ming their Horses which from its being a large & rapid stream
is not only very inconvienent but dangerous. That a Ferry be-
ing established a Cross the same & at or near the lower end of
Henry Trents plantation on the North side in the County of
Amherst, to the opposite land of Nicholas Davies in the County
of Bedford would not only be convienent to your petitioners by
having an opp'ty of going the most direct way, but also to
travellers in Crossing the Country Si cannot as we conceive be
in the least prejudicial to any person as the land through which
the roads will go too «S: from the same are mostly Barran Sc
unfit for Cultivation. Your petitioners therefore Humbly pray
that a Ferry may be established & at the place aforesaid Si they
as in duty bound shall ever pray <&c.
James McNey, John Phillips,
James Ownlev, Obodiah Henderson.
George Weir, Battaile Harrison,
(}eorge Finn, Benjamin Mences,
John Tinsley, Larkin Gatewood,
* The James, above its junction with the Rivanna, was then called
Fluvanna.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS.
417
George Mackdaniel
Archibald Cox,
Micajah Goodwin,
John Rucker,
John Hardwick,
Benjamin Rucker,
John Ritchie,
Anthony Street,
David Wade
Jos. Goodwin,
Thomas Street,
Thos. Gillennaters,
Samuel Giles,
Edward Honchin,
James Pendleton,
John Ward,
Richard Powell,
Gah'l Penn.
Wm. Johns,
Richa*d Shelton,
Dudley Gate wood,
David Shiphord,
John Bonny,
Henry Franklin, Jr.,
David Woodwax,
Chas. Miller,
John Harrison,
Edmond Pendleton,
Joshua Shelton,
William Whitsett,
John Henry Goodwin,
John Bonds,
James Crews,
Ballenger Wade,
Matthew Harris,
George Lee,
William Penn,
John Sale,
James Menus,
Moses Penn, Jun'r,
John Ownley, Jun'r,
Richard Harrison,
Reuben Cowhard,
William Paterson,
Edward Tinsley,
Henry McDaniel,
Joshua Tinsley,
Wm. Whitton,
Jno. Morsett,
John Franklyn;
Ambrose Rucker,
John McDanill,
John Burford,
Thomas Lumpkin,
William Staton,
John Giles,
Isaac Tinsley,
Richard Pond, Jun*r,
Thomas Powell, Jun*r,
Jas. Franklyn,
William Hugh,
John Floughin,
Joseph Fost,
Thomas Warters,
William Banks,
Thomas Jenkins,
John Jenkins,
Joseph Crew,
John Goodwin. — 79
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418 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
[*0C0N0ST0T0 TO .]
June 24th, 1775.
Dr. Friends & Brother.
Now I am going to let you know what has happen since I
went to see to our Brothers the white people, at long Cain &
Mr. Cammeron. That some Two Evil disposed Malicious of our
men has killed Two of your men, which accident we are
very sorry for and as there is some evil minded people amongst
Whites that will not adhear to the law but according to their
own Malicious suggestions Commit murder or any Mischief
they see Cause in spite Thereof, we Therefore are in hopes the
whites our Brothers will rest fully assured & satisfy ed That we
utterly abhor & disallow all such proceedings & as it is our
ardent desire to live in perpetual peace & friendship with our
Brothers the Whites we shall use all assidious means we Can to
bring the perpetrators of so unnatural & attrocious a Crime to
Condign punishment as soon as possible, in Consequence of
which we are in hopes our Brothers the whites will lay aside all
Thought of revenge and & Bury the remembrance of the late
Transaction in oblivion Sc we humbly request the favour of you,
our Brothers to send us an answer by the first oppy. while we
remain your loving friends & Brothers &c. &c. &c.
The great Warrior,
Chotah.
P. S. — & in a further Token of our love and desire of peace
we will send the little Carpenter in soon to Aver the Truth
thereof.
Oconestoto.
[t Westmoreland Co., Pa., Committee to .]
Gentlemen : i775-
We have this Day met and Constituted our Brethren in Com-
mitte for our County concerning the present dangerous dis-
pute Subsisting this long time between the Colonies of Virginia
♦On July 27, 1775, the journal of the Virginia Convention records
that a letter from " Oconostoto, the great Indian Warrior was laid before
the Convention and read,'* and referred to a committee.
fThis and the next two papers relate to the Virginia and Pennsylvania
boundary dispute.
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 419
and Pennsylvania and as we Repose Confidence in these Gentle-
men members of your Committee that you will Maturely,
Deliberately and honestly consider the Injuries that daily arise
from these Disputes to Every Inhabitant of this young and once
Peaceable, unanimous and very prosperous country. We have
thought it prudent in order to have annimosities and Feuds of
Every Kind as well as Jealousies, Hostilities and Violent pro-
ceedings Entirely Removed to propose to your Honourable
Chamber a Treaty of Peace and Reconciliation by settling a
Temporary Line or Boundary as soon as Possible. We have
appointed Mr. James Kinkead, a member of our Committee to
attend on your Honors and will expect the sence of your
Chamber by him at his Return next Tuesday we meet to Receive
your answer, and will proceed further agreeable thereto.
Signed by order of the Committee,
John Proctor, Chairman.
A Copy : James Berwick,
Cl'k to the Com' tee of West Waters.
Wesmoreland County Committee Chamber, 29th June, 1775.
[West Augusta, Va. Committee to Westmoreland Co.,
Pa., Committee.]
Gentlemen :
We are now to acknowledge the receipt of your Letter of the
29th of June of Mr. Kinkead and are very sensible of the dis-
tressed and unhappy situation of the People on this Side of the
Laurell hill arising from the causes which you have mentioned.
We have considered the subject with that mature deliberation
which a matter of so much consequence deserves, and are earn-
estly desirous of contributing everything in our Power to restore
peace and Tranquility to this unfortunate County.
But we are fully convinced the mode that you prescribe for
that purpose by striking a Temporary line far exceeds the power
of a Committee and can only be effected by the Executive
powers of both Governments, Therefore the only method
in our power to accomplish so desirable an end must be by
a Joint petition sign'd without distinction by all the Inhabi-
tants to the Westward of the Laurel Hill to the Governors
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420 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of Virginia and Pennsylvania, beseeching them to have a
Temporary line drawn as soon as possible and as we have Re-
solved on this mode of proceeding if agreeable to you be assured
we will use every endeavour and influence to expedite the
Petition and promote its success. As no community can subsist
without a due submission to the civil Laws the people residing
within the Limits ascertained by Lord Dunnmore's Procla-
mation must untill the prayers of the Petition is obtained be
amainable to the Laws of Virginia, The civil majestrates of
which Colony we are fully determined to support in the execu-
tion of their ofiices as the only security for the wellfare of the
People.
This to every disinterested and unprejudiced person must ap-
pear to be the most probable means of restoring Harmony and
Tranquility to his Country for whilst the two Governments are
contending for the jurisdiction daily outrages will be committed
the Rights of the people violated as evidently appears from
some very recent instances.
You can not but be sensible that his Majesty has the Jin-
doubted authority & Dominion over all his Territorys and a
Right to all quit rents, &c., where it does not appear that he
has precluded himself by his Royal Grant, Therefore untill the
proprietors of Pennsylvania make it Evidently appear in Legal,
Judicial manner that their Grant doth include this Country the
Inhabitants ought not to be subject to the Laws, &c., of that
Government. To remove every doubt ot our sincere intentions
for the Public good we here with send you two Resolves the
first of which proves at least that we have not been wanting in
that particular and the latter empowers each District or Town-
ship to send members to represent them in this Committee.
We are Gentlemen
Signed, John Campbell, &c.
A Copy : July 3d, 1775.
James Berwick,
Cl'k to ye Committee of the lles/eni Wafers,
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virginia legislative papers. 421
[Pennsylvania Committee to Virginia Committee at
Pittsburgh.]
Hannahs Town July 3d, 1775.
Gentlemen :
Your Letter without date in answer to ours of the 29th, Ulto.
by Mr. Kinkaid we have received. The subject of that Letter
certainly deserved that mature deliberation you are pleased to
say you have bestowed upon it as the peace & Tranguility of
the Country are intimately connected with it.
We did not mean to lead you into a discussion of the powers
of Committees it would be difficult perhaps to ascertain them,
your Gentlemen we supposed were the representatives of the
People West of Laurel Hill who acknowledge the Jurisdiction
and wish to live under the Laws of Virginia we are the repre-
sentatives of those who submit to the Government of Pennsyl-
vania in that capacity we conceived there would be no impro-
priety in our consulting upon and fixing some boundary line
conveinent for both on the several sides of which the respective
Laws and forms of Government to which our several constituents
had been accustomed might have operated and by that means
the great obsticle to our uniting in the common cause of Liberty
removed.
Gentlemen we have not forgot the first rise of the dispute
that now subsists between the Colony of Virginia & Pennsyl-
vania nor are we afraid of being charged with want of candour
when we say that it was owing to the Avarice of some Indi-
viduals and to the Viliiany of others with which we make no
doubt some of your Committee are very well acquainted.
That their Designs unhappily coincided with the passions &
prejudices of a Weak Governor and the vices of an inciduous
and wicked Ministry inimical to the rights of Mankind and of
the Americans in particular and ever has been our opinion that
that Dispute was set on foot on purpose to forward their Views
and by involving two Great Colony's in a Quarrel about Terri-
tory detach them from the common Cause or at least prevent
their giving their proper attention to it.
A Joint Petition to the different Governors to establish a
temporary line signed without distinction by all the Inhabitants
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422 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. •
Westward of the Laural Hill we think an absurdity, seperate
Petitions would probably produce no effect as we know the
Governor of Virginia has repeatedly rejected such a proposal
from the Governor of Pennsylvania.
The positive institutions of every Society are certainly binding
upon the Members of that Society and a power to compel obe-
dience is necessarily incident but how Lord Dunnmore's Proc-
lamation is to give authority from this position or how his
intrusion intojthe possessions of, seizing the Government of a
Society which never made any compact with him nor owes him
obedience are to be justifyed by it we do not discover the Juris-
diction of Pennsylvania in this Quarter of the Country has been
confirmed by the highest authority and cannot be Suppressed
by any act of the subordinate nor will Ten Thousand Proclama-
tions alter the nature of the Case or render our Inhabitants
amenable to the Courts of Virginia.
We entreat you to reflect upon the cause which has caird all
America into arms part of it certainly is the wanton abrogation
of Established constitutions that had been entered into by the
mutual consent of the crown and the People. America is now
Banded to procure the restitution of the Antient Form of Gov-
ernment in the Massachusetts Bay and we pray you to believe
whilst we are ready to assist that Colony in repelling the In-
croachments of the crown we will not suffer another to obtrude
their Government upon us. The Majistrates of every Country
ought to be supported in the Execution of their very important
office & we shall not be behind Hand in affordmg those of our
Government every necessary continuance.
The Bounds of a Letter (nor indeed the design of this) will
not allow us to enter into the Question of Precedence or how
far the granting of it to Virginia might contribute to restore
Harmony and Tranquility to this Country we conceive it foreign
to the purpose. Suffice it to say the Right of Persons & the
Property of the People have not only recently but for a length
of time by past been violated in so open & outrageous a manner
by officers pretending to act under the Authority of Virginia as
has been sufficient to create the utmost abhorence and detesta-
tion of that Government and that those men being continued
in their office unreproved reflects the greatest Disgrace upon the
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VIRGINIA LEGISLATIVE PAPERS. 423
executive power of that Country. The Kings Authority &
Dominion over all his territory and His right to Quit rents are
distinct in themselves and arise from very different considera-
tions why they are classed in your Letter or why introduced at
all we cannot imagine nor is it easy to understand the sequel of
that paragraph. The Crown has not yet charged Proprietors of
Pennsylvania with Incroachment when it does there is no doubt
that they will make it evidently appear in a Legal & Judicial
manner that they have not extended the Laws, &c. of their
Government beyond their just limits and that consequently the
People owe neither obedience nor Quit Rent to Virginia.
When your resolves have consistency they may possibly con-
vince us that you suppose that we have common sence but
whilst they are evidently otherwise whilst a vote of thanks to
such a paracide as George Gibson for an action acknowledged
by Himself to be contrary to the Laws of His Country disgrace
Your minutes you will hardly persuade us of your sincere In-
tentions for the Publick Good.
Your Letter with a Copy of his answer we shall immediately
transend to the Continental Congress. We are Gentlemen
your very Humble Servants.
Signed by order of the Committee,
James Kinkaid, Clerk.
[Endorsed] To the Committee at Pittsburgh.
A Copy : James Berwick,
Clerk of the Com'ee of Augusta,
West of the Laurel Hill.
[Deposition of John Gibson in Regard to Delaware
Indians.]
Augusta County S. S.
Personally appeared before me John Gibson one of his Maj-
esties Justices for the County of Augusta, Garet Pendergrass,
who being sworn on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God
Deposeth and Saith that he left the Delaware towns, on Mus-
kingam on Monday last, that he was informed there By some
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424 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of the Delawares that a number of their people had lately come
from Detroit, that one Babee a french Trader had held a Coun-
cil with them and that he desired them immediately to strike
the White people that the Wiandots and all other tribes would
join that he would furnish them and at the same time offered them
ammunition for that purpose. He also told them the white
people were now quite Round them and Intended soon to fall
on the Indians that they told Babee they coud not join in any-
thing of the kind as their head men had made a firm peace with
their Brethren the English and refused Receiving any ammuni-
tion from him and further saith not. Sworn and subscribed this
20th July 1775 at Logstown Garret Pendergrass Junior. Befo^re
me.
Jno. Gibson.
[♦Public Money in The Hands of Richard Corbin,
Receiver General, July 26, 1775.]
I Robert Prentis do hereby most solemnly swear before God
& on the sacred Evangelist that the sum of three hundred and
seventeen pounds fourteen shillings & 25^ is all the Publick
money that I have on Hand as Clerk to the Hon'ble Richard
Corbin, Esq'r, Receiver General and that I will not directly or
indirectly pay away any sum that I have at present by me or
may hereafter collect but to such purposes as shall be directed
by the convention in pain of confiscation of my whole Estate &
being treated as a Traytor to this Continent.
Sworn to by Robt. Prentis before me this 26th Day of July,
1775.
Joseph Hornsby.
*The public money in the hands of Richard Corbin, Receiver General,
had been seized as security for the powder which had been removed
from the magazine in Williamsburg by Dunmore's order.
(to be continued)
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 425
HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL NOTES
AND QUERIES.
The State Library.
All persons interested in Virginia History have been greatly pleased
by the announcement of the creation of two new departments in the
Virginia State Library, viz : of Archives and History and of Virginia
Bibliography, which are to be respectively in charge of Messrs. H. J.
Eckenrode and W. Clayton Torrence. The appointments are happy
ones. The gentlemen named are young men full of enthusiasm and
energy, and much benefit to the study of Virginia History may confi-
dently be expected from their work.
Mr. Eckenrode is favorably known as the author of a monograph on
Reconstruction in Virginia, as is Mr. Torrence as the compiler of a
volume containing abstracts of the records of Spotsylvania county.
The State Librarian, Mr. J. P. Kennedy, has in the press a very
valuable report on the State archives, which will also contain a com-
plete catalogue of the Sainsbury Abstracts.
Memoranda from the Fredericksburg, Va., Gazette, 1787-1803.
[The notes here printed were compiled from the file of the newspaper
now in the Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. The notices of
schools are of especial interest at this time. The Gazette was Federal-
ist in politics.]
1788.
June 5. Two advertisements of the Fredericksburg Academy.
Letter from Richmond in regard to the Convention.
Advertisement of school for French and dancing by Mr.
Cenley.
Advertisement of '*The Olio of Theatrical Entertainments.'*
June 12. Meeting of the trustees of Fredericksburg Academy. Rules
adopted for the school.
Letter from Richmond in regard to the Convention.
June 19. Duel between Col. VVm. Fountain and Mr. Macon in regard
to an election in Hanover.
July 9. Report of meeting of trustees of the Fredericksburg Acad-
emy.
Aug. 7. Advertisement of public examinations at the Academy.
Sept. 4. Advertisement by Berry- and Cartes of their school for teach-
ing French (in Fredericksburg.)
Sept. 25. Advertisement by Francis Conway of sale of 700 acres of
land on the Rappahannock River, nine miles below Fred-
ericksburg, known as Conway's Warehouse.
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426 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Oct. 2. Lottery for the Fredericksburg Academy.
Oct. 23. Died on Friday night last, Mr. John Hall, merchant, in his
40th year.
Died in Norfolk on the nth inst, in his 36th year. Rev.
Walker Maury, minister of Elizabeth River parish, and
Master of the Norfolk Academy, &c.
Advertisement of a teacher of French and another of singing.
Nov. 6. Died on the 25th ult., Gabriel Gait, at Richmond.
Died, Captain Archibald Greig, the eldest Commander in
the Virginia and Maryland trade, and a near relation of
Admiral Greig of the Russian service.
Nov. 20. Died at Richmond, on Friday last. Dr. Alexander Skinner.
Nov. 27. Meeting of the trustees of the Fredericksburg Academy.
1789.
Jan. I. Account of celebration of St. John's Day in Fredericksburg.
Jan. 15. Address to the Freeholders of Spotsylvania Co., in behalf
of Madison.
Jan. 27. Extract from a "Letter from James Madison, Jr., to his friend
in the Country.*'
Advertisement of sale of Popcastle and Lambs Creek, King
George Co., on the river 15 miles below Fredericksburg.
Popcastle, containing 12S8 acres, was occupied by the late
Col. VVm. Champ. Lambs Creek, 667 acres, buildings
greatly out of repair. It is now in the possession of Col.
Lewis Willis. Advertisement signed by Francis Willis,
Georgia.
Election in Spotsylvania, &c.
Died at his seat on Bull Run, John Carter, Esq.
Died in this town yesterday, John Taliaferro, Esq., of
Hayes, aged 44.
Letter, dated Orange, Jan. 29, 1789, from James Madison,
Jr., to .
Died at Hill Park, Essex, his seat, on the 19th inst., Bennett
Browne, Esq.
Married on Sunday the 26th ult., Mr. John Mitchell, mer-
chant, of Baltimore, and Mary, daughter of Col. William
Peachey, of Mildenhall, Richmond Co.
Advertisement of the Port Conway races — ^to be run under
the rules of the Bowling Green Jockey Club.
Died, Thursday last, age 61, Jacob Whitely, for many years
innholder.
Prices of tobacco in London.
Died, Saturday last, Captain Alexander Kennedy, a native
of Scotland, aged about 60.
Feb.
April
5.
9.
April
16.
April
30.
May
14.
Aug.
30.
Sept.
10.
Sept.
Oct.
17.
15.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
427
Died, Monday last, Mr. Wm. Wright, aged 89.
Oct. 22. Died, Friday last, Mr. Walter Davids, comedian.
Advertisement of play, " The Suspicious Husband "
Nov. 5. Died, Monday last, Mr. Lack Ian Campbell, merchant,
aged, 43-
Advertisement of play.
Nov. 12.* Died, Thursday last, Mrs. Peggy, wife of Mr. Peter Cast,
merchant of this place.
Dec. 24. Complaint in regard to the action of the House of Delegates
as to a chaplain.
1790.
Jan. 7. Reply to above in regard 10 a chaplain of the House of
Delegates.
Jan. 14. Address of the Committee of the United Baptist Church
in Virginia to the President of the U. S. and his reply.
Died, Mr. Thos. Brown, innkeeper, aged 61.
Jan. 28. Married : Wm. Minor and Mildred, daughter of John Lewis.
Died in Richmond, Lucy, wife of Joseph I^tie, of that place.
Also, in Richmond, died Hugh Patlon, merchant.
Died at his seat in Essex, Robert Brooke Esq.
Died on the 22d ult. at the island of Barbadoes, Mrs. Frances
Thornton of Orange Co.
Feb. 17. Celebration of Washington's birthday in Fredericksburg —
" this morning."
Article on free schools in New England.
March 11. Died in Caroline Co., Dr. George Tod, aged 80.
Died, on Friday last, Mrs. Elizabeth, wife of John Fitzhugh
of Stafford Co. in her 6ist year.
March 25. Died, Hon. Wm. Grayson.
April 5. Died on the 5th inst. Rosanna, wife of Col. John Dixon,
printer, Richmond.
May 6. Died in Orange, Mr. John Bell.
June 24. Died on Monday last, Francis Dade Jr., aged 14.
Oct. 7 Notice that the Richmond Academy had been turned into
a theatre.
Oct. 14. Died in Culpeper Co., in* her 41st year, Molly, wife of Col.
]ames Duncanson. of Fredericksburg.
Dec. 16. Notice of the consecration of Bishop Madison and of his
arrival in Va.
1791.
Jan. 6. Died Friday last, John Sunderland, merchant, of this place.
Died at Orange C. H., Joseph Wood, aged 56.
Jan. 13. Died, Jan. 5, at Salisbury, Loudoun Co., Mrs. Jane Love, in
her 45th year.
Jan. 27. Died at Jacksonborough. S. C, Dr. James Wallace, late sur-
geon in Bayler's regiment, in 35th year.
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428 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Feb. 10. Died, in this County, Tuesday night, Mrs. Elizabeth, wife
of Col. Charles McGill of Winchester.
Advertisement of the Fredericksburg Assembly (dancing. )
Feb. 17. Died at>Port Royal, Mr. John Tankersley, aged 42.
March 10. Died last week, Nathaniel Burwell, of Kings Creek, York.
Died, Sir Thomas Grey Skipwith, of Newbold Hall, Eng-
land, who has left to the eldest son of Sir Peytcm Skip-
with, of Prestwould, Va., a landed estate of ^'4,900 sterl-
ing per annum.
April 7. . Died in Richmond, on the 29th ult. Mrs. Sarah, wife of Mr.
Gordon, comedian.
April 14. Visit of Washington to Fredericksburg,
Price current.
April 21. Visit of Washington to Alexandria and Richmond.
May 5. Died on the 27th ult in his 52nd year, Neill McCoull, a na-
tive of Scotland.
Aug. 4. Died on the i6th inst.. General Adam Stephen. He was a
native of Scotland.
Aug. II. Died, Mrs. Margaret, wife of James Pottinger of this place.
Aug. 25. Notice of visitation by Bishop Madison.
Sept. 8. Died in Middlesex, on the 28th inst., Wm. MuUin, of Staf-
ford, aged 57.
Sept 20. Notice of meeting of the Grand Lodge of Masons.
Nov. 10. Notice of meeting of the Grand Lodge at Richmond ;
Thomas Mathews re-elected Grand Master.
1799.
Jan. II. Died, lately, at Boyds Hole, Mr. John Dalryniple, formerly
merchant of this town.
Died in this county, Mr. James Frazier
Died at Port Royal, Mr. Wm. Gray, merchant
Cold weather in Fredericksburg.
Jan. 22. Died in this county, on Sunday, Frances, wife of Major
Benj. Alsop.
Appointments to U. S. Army from Va.
Jan. 25. Appointments to U. S." Army from Va.
Married, on the 17th inst., Foushee Tebbs. of Richmond
County, and Ann, daughter of Captain Henr^ Quarles, of
Paradise, Essex Co.
Advertisement by the trustees of St. George's parish.
Jan. 29. Advertisement of school by John Gayle.
Feb. I. Died, Hon. Henry Tazewell, in Philadelphia.
Feb. 5. Advertisement offering reward for discovery of persons
who damaged the Fredericksburg theatre.
Feb. 8. Notice of Fredericksburg Charity School.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
429
Advertisement announcing the publication of "The Genius
of Freedom,** (newspaper in Fredericksburg.)
Feb. 12. Died, Feb. 5th, at Stoney Hill, his seat in Stafford, John R.
Peyton.
Feb. 15. Died on Tuesday, the wife of Richard Johnston, merchant
of this place.
Letter signed "A Christian,** in regard to John Taylor*s
resolutions on the Alien and Sedition laws.
Advertisement by trustees of St. George's Parish.
Feb. 19. Address of John Nicholas, member of Congress.
Feb. 22. Letter in regard to printing the minority address (in the Va.
Legislature) on the Alien and Sedition laws.
Feb. 26. Celebration of Washington's birthday in Fredericksburg.
March 5. Died in Culpeper, Mr. John Williams, Sr.
Letter from Judge Bushrod Washington, dated Feb. 10,
1799.
March 8. Died on Monday in this town, Lachlan Mcintosh, aged 52.
Died Tuesday, John Day, tayler.
Died in the County, Ann, wife of Major John Willis.
Advertisement of theatre.
March 15. Advertisement of Tappahannock races.
March 19. Resolutions of Prince Wm. County Court refusing to have
the Alien and Sedition resolutions (of the Va. Legislature)
read.
March 29. Advertisement of the Fredericksburg Fire Company.
April 2. Meeting of the Subscribers to St. George's Church.
April 9. Great fire in Fredericksburg.
Died in this town on Friday, Mr. George Hazleton, of
Norfolk.
Died same day, Ann, wife of John Lewis.
Died on Saturday morning the wife of Captain James Allan.
April 12. Died Thursday, Captain John Legg, of this town.
Died at Fauquier C. H., Septimus Norris, merchant.
April 23. Died in this town on Saturday last, Lucy, (aged 19) daughter
of the late Thos. Walker.
Died in Stafford yesterday morning, Mrs. Mary Brown,
relict of the late Raleigh Brown.
April 26. Election returns.
April 30. Tuesday— Died Sunday, Mr. James Allen, Sr., aged 84 years
and 12 days. Was a native of Scotland and came to Fred-
ericksburg in 1739.
Election returns.
May 3. Died in this county on Monday, Edward Herndon, Sr., in
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480 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
his 67th year, was the senior magistrate of Spotsylvania
Co.
Election returns.
May 7. Died in Caroline, Richard Laughlin.
Letter in regard to a political publication by the President
of the Court of Appeals of Va.
Letter from Patrick Henry to Henry Lee.
May 10. Advertisement of the theatre.
Letter in regard to politics in the theatre.
May 24. Article in regard to the number of Federalists in Fredericks-
burg.
June 18. Died, Patrick Henry.
July 5. Died lately in Middlesex, Hudson Muse.
July 26. Advertisement of the sale of a large collection of books and
music, the property of the late Col. John Caspar Stadler.
Notice of the Charity School.
Aug. 6. Died on the 28th ult., Thos. Wade West, manager of the
Alexandria Theatre.
Discussion in regard to articles in the Republican paper
*The Genius of Liberty.'*
Aug. 27. Resolutions of Pittsylvania County Court refusing to have
the Alien and Sedition Resolutions read.
Sept. 3. Article in regard to a sermon of Bishop Madison's.
Sept. 10. Advertisement of match race, five miles, for 200 guineas on
Tappahannock course, between Col. Tayloe's Leviathan,
180 lbs., and Col. Tomlin's Wildair, no lbs.
Sept. 17. Account of action between American Ship Planter from
Hampton Roads, and a French privateer.
Sept. 24. Account of the race between Leviathan and Wildair, won by
the former by 4 inches.
Oct. 22. Died in Richmond Co., Thomas Beale, aged 63 years.
Oct. 29. Advertisement of the Marine Insurance Company of Alex-
andria.
[It appears by a reference at this time that Robert Mercer
was editor of the "Genius of Liberty."]
Nov. 22. Married on the 17th inst. at Chestnut Hill, Richmond Co.,
Lieutenant Jesse Ewell and Mildred Beale.
Dec. 3. Died on the i8th [ult.] in Lancaster, Col. Henry Towles in
his 53d year.
Dec. 6. Married last evening Willis Lee, of Fauquier, and Polly,
daughter of John Richards, of this place.
Jan. 24. Notice of Alexandria Marine Insurance Company.
Jan. 28. Notice of Fredericksburg Charity School.
Feb. 18. Resolutions in Fredericksburg on the death of Washington.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
431
Feb. 28. Died in this town yesterday, Robert Brooke, late Governor
of Virginia.
Advertisement of Fredericksburg Dancing Assemblies.
March 7. Advertisement of lease of the houses of the Academy, now
the property of the Charity School.
March 11. Died last week in Caroline, Major John Thornton, of King
George.
March 14. Letter against act passed by the last Assembly for choosing
Presidential electors.
March 21. Letter signed ** Freeholders," King George Co., criticising
Madison's Report.
April 18. Died at Blandfield, Robert Beverley, in his 6oth year.
June 3. Married on Wednesday last in Caroline county, Philip
Thornton, Esquire, to Miss Sally Conway, daughter of the
late Francis Conway, Esquire.
June 6. An address to the voters for electors in Va. for President
and Vice-President, in behalf of the American Republican
ticket [Federalist].
July I. Letter on the partisan methods of the Republican State Ad-
ministration (in Va.)
July 4. Died yesterday, French Strother, of Culpeper, State Senator.
July 8. Celebration of the 4th of July in Fredericksburg.
Married in Stafford on Thursday last, Alexander Morson and
Anne Casson Alexander, daughter of \Vm. Alexander, of
Snowden.
July II. Mail routes in Va.
July 22. Letter in reply to one charging the Republican State ad-
ministration with unfairness.
Aug. 19. Another letter on same subject.
Sept. 9. Died, John Blair, Esq., of Williamsburg.
Sept. 12. Died yesterday morning, Robert Mercer, editor of The
Genius of Liberty.
Sept. 16. Gabriel's Insurrection.
Sept. 19. Gabriel's Insurrection.
Sept. 23. Gabriel's Insurrection.
Died in Northumberland, Catesby Jones, in 45th year.
Oct. 3. Gabriel's Insurrection.
1802.
Feb. 26. Died at his seat in Richmond Co. on the 20th inst, Mr. John
Fawcett.
March 4. Account of great religious revival in Kentucky.
March 16. Teacher for Fredericksburg Female Charity School.
April 27. Died yesterday Mr. Samuel Stevens, ropemaker.
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432 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
May 4. Died yesterday, Alfred, youngest son of Thomas Daniell of
this town.
May 18. Advertisement of Orange Springs.
June 14. Died on the 7th inst., Col. Wm. Peachey, of Milden Hall,
Richmond Co., in 74th year.
June 18. Preparations for celebrating the 4th of July.
June 29. Advertisement by Philip Temple, King William Co., of the
press &c., in the late office of the Fredericksburg News
Letter.
Advertisement of sale of personal property at Mount Ver-
non.
July 6. Celebration of the 4th of July at Spotsylvania C. H.
July 9. Oration of Garrett Minor, Esq., on the 4th of July at
Spotsylvania C. H.
Died, on the 2nd inst., Mrs. Mary, wife of Col. David
Jameson of Culpeper, in 30th year.
Advertisement of Caroline Springs.
July. 13. Fourth of July oration by Thomas Ritchie on the Academy
Green, Fredericksburg.
July 16. Died, Gilbert Harrow.
Tuly 20. General Lewis Littlepage died yesterday.
July 27. Advertisement of Wax- works exhibition.
July 30. Died in Culpeper, the wife of Major Churchill Jones, of The
Wilderness.
Aug. 24. Letter from Patrick Henry against slavery, copied from the
Philadelphia Magazine.
Oct. 5. Judge Tucker's charge to the District Court grand Jury,
Fredericksburg.
Dec. 14. Article on electing a chaplain for the House of Delegates.
Dec. 17. Election of John Page, Governor &c.
Resolution denouncing the abuse of the President by the
Federal press.
Dec. 21. Advertisement, sale by Catlett Conway, executor of
the land where Francis Conway, deceased, lived for
several years before liis death, being 1040 acres (700 of
which first class meadow, so that 10,000 lbs. of actual
grass or hay, may be made from it,) lying immediately on
the Rappahannock, seven or eight miles below Fredericks-
burg.
1803.
Jan. 21. Notice of the Alexandria Marine Insurance Company.
Gift to Washington Academy by the Cincinnati.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
483
Feb. i8. Letter on candidacy of Col. New for Congress.
March 4. Letters on same subject and on the candidacy of John Tay-
lor of Caroline.
March 11. Letter on same snbject.
April I. Proposals for the publication of a Republican paper in
Fredericksburg to be called The Apollo.
July 22. Death of John Thompson Callender.
Married on Thursday, the 14th inst., William Brooke of
Fredericksburg, and Mary Eleanor, daughter of Col. Lar-
kin Smith, of King & Queen.
Aug. 16. Advertisement by Charles B. Carter, of ** Richmond Hill, **
of sale of his entire estate, 7895 acres on Totuskey Creek,
about four miles from the Rappahannock river. Large
two story frame dwelling, five rooms on a floor and closets,
all the houses built within the last ten years.
Sept. 13. Advertisement of Middleburg Academy in Loudoun Co.
Sept. 16. Yellow fever in Fredericksburg.
Nov. 22. Advertisement of sale of personal property of Mann Page,
deceased, of Mannsfield.
Nov. 27. Advertisement by Cottom and Stewart, Fredericksburg, of
a circulatiitg library.
1804.
Jan. 13. Advertisement of sale of personal property and lease of
Salisbury, King Ceorge Co., 1700 acres, property of the
late John L. Alexander.
Feb. 7. Meeting of members of the Legislature and others to nomi-
nate a Republican electoral ticket.
Feb. 17. Died on Monday last, Benjamin Grymes, of Eagles Nest,
Staflford Co. [King George ?]
March 2. Great fire at Norfolk.
Meeting in regard to the Female Institution of Fredericks-
burg.
March 6. Meeting in regard to same.
March 30. Notice of Stevensburg [Culpeper] Academy.
April 13. Letter in regard to banks.
April 20. Died on Saturday, in Fauquier, Martin Pickett.
May 4. Norfolk prices, in rhyme.
Charity School.
May II. Subscription for the Bank of Va. in Fredericksburg.
May 18. Marine Insurance Co. of Alexandria.
May 22. Married on the 19th inst., Thos. Pope Bayse, merchant of
Fredericksburg, to Miss Hannah Lee Turberville, of
Westmoreland.
June 5. Married in Prince William on the 17th ult., Robert Hooe, of
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434 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Stafford and Margaret, daughter of the late Landon Carter,
of Prince William.
Married on the 24th of May at the home of L. W.* Tazewell,
Norfolk, Col. Larkin Smith, of King and Queen and Miss
Taliaferro.
Meeting of the Republican stockholders of the Bank of Vir-
ginia in Petersbury.
June 15. Notice of barbacue at Spotsylvania C. H.
Letter from Stith Mead, June 5, 1804, describing revival of
religion in Bedford Co.
William and Mary College lottery.
June 29. Meeting of Fredericksburg Sockholders of the Bank of Vir-
ginia.
July 6. Celebration of the 4th of July.
July 10. Camp meeting in Powhatan Co.
July 17. Celebration of the 4th of July at Germanna.
Aug. 7. Resolutions of Va. Society of Cincinnati on the death of
Alexander Hamilton.
Sept. II. Notice of the Bank of Potomac, Alexandria.
Oct. 12. Friday — Died at his seat in Stafford on Monday last, Wm.
Alexander, Esq.
Nov. 23. Died on the 21st inst., Mrs. Sarah Griffin Mortimer, relect of
Dr. Charles Mortimer.
Dec. 21. Died in Georgia in November last, Philip B. Rootes, for-
merly of Fredericksburg.
(The dates given are those of the papers.)
Virginia Newspapers in the Library of the Pennsylvania
Historical Society.
We are indebted to Mr. John W. Jordan, editor of the Pa. Mag, of
History and Biography for the following list :
Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Nov. i, 1770; Jan'y 3, 1771; Dec. 31,
1772; July 28, 1775 (with lacunae.)
Virginia Journal and Alexandria Advertiser^ Vol. 2, Feb. 3, 1785;
Jan'y 26, 1786.
Richmond Enquirer, 181 7.
Norfolk and Portsmouth Herald^ 1820.
Constitutional U^hig^ Richmond, Feb'y 20, 1827; May 24, 1828.
The Magnolia : A Southern Home Journal. 2 Vols., folio, Richmond,
1863 and 1864.
Brown.— Will you try to find Chastain William Scott Brown? He is
said to be the son of William Brown and Ann (or Nancy) Scott, of Cul-
peper, Virginia. (C W. S. Brown was born Oct. i, 1818.)
Mrs. S. a. Hillis, Lichfield, Conn.
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GENEALOGY. 435
GENEALOGY.
THE BRENT FAMILY.
Complied by W. B. Chilton, Washington, D. C.
(continued.)
The church is dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul, a dedication which
it shares with thirty or more other churches in the county, though not,
I believe, common in other parts of England.
The church plate is at present as follows :
*********************
5. A silver gilt cup and cover, height i foot 7 inches, weighing 37
ozs ; date mark 1599 > ornamented with scallop shells ; a very handsome
and interesting piece of plate bequeathed to the church by the will of
Elizabeth Ludwell, who died in 1765, and which in Mr. Lambert^s
judgment, is an ancient goddet or grace cup, and was not originally in-
tended for sacred purposes.
6. A large two handed cup or bowl, with cover ; date mark 1676 ;
inscribed. **Gift of Mrs. Ludwell to the Parish Church of Charing for
the use of the Communion Table."
The parish registers commence in August, 1590, the earlier books
having been destroyed in the great fire of that year mentioned by
Robert Honywood of Pett.
The old manor house known as Wickins, now used as a farm house,
is situated about a mile from Charing and is an interesting specimen of
early English architecture. The present structure is only about a
fourth part of the original mansion in which John Brent entertained
Henry the Eighth on his way to the siege of Bullerin.
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436
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
DENEBAND,
of Hinton S. George.
Sr. John Deneband=Alice, d. and h.
Ld. of Porscenet
in Wales.
Thomas Gifford
of Hinton.
VVm.=Alice.
^1
Phillipe=Cicely, d. Simon Grindham,
I al's Grondynham.
I, Agnes=Wm.=Joan, 2,
I Stocklyns.
Robert Brent,
Thos.=Joan.
Robert=Eliz.
I
Wm.
John, i573=Florence, d. Rich,
Archdeacon.
Robert
Brent.
Jotin.
Eliz.=Sir Wm. Pawletf, Kt.
John.
From the Visitations of the County of
Somerset, by F. W. Weaver, Exeter, 1885, page 20.
BRENT OF COSSINGTON.
Arms: — Gu. a Wivern passant Arg.
[John] Brent [d. 1557]=
I. Stephen Brent of=
Cossington in
Com. Somerset.
2. Giles Brent,
Vide Dorsett,
[Sims' Index, page 88.]
I I
Margaret. John Brent=
John Brent of Cossing-=
ton [d. 1610.] I
Elizabeth ux James
Andrews of Blackford.
[John] Brent, sonne and
heire [d. s. p. 1692].
Barbara, ux. George
Mathew.
From the Visitation of the County of
Somerset, by F. W. Weaver, Exeter, 1885, page 96.
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GENEALOGY.
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GENEALOGY. 439
(P. C. C. Cope 57.)
The will of Roger Brent, of Thrupp, alias Thorpp. Co, Oxon, gent»
dated i March, 1615-6,
I bequeath my body to be buried in the parish church of Kidlingto n
and give to the same church 10s. All my goods whatsoever, after m y
debts are discharged, I give to my wife, Katherin Brent, whom I make
my executrix.
(Signed) Roger Brent.
Witnesses : Edward BuUiphant ; John Cooke, his mark ; John
Hoare.
Proved, 13 June, 1616, by the executrix named.
Salisbury.
At Salisbury a family of Brents resided whose connection with th e
Somersetshire family is unknown. Copies of a few wills of members
of this branch are given as interesting specimens of early testamentary
documents.
Will of Andrew Brent,
Of the city of New Sarum, of the parish of S. Edmund the Arch-
bishop, dated 21 November, 1472. Proved 20 November, 1475.
I desire to be buried in the parish church of S. Edmund, near the
Altar of S. Andrew.
I bequeath to the fabric of the Cathedral of the Blessed Mary of
Sarum 35. 4^. (Other bequests to the Cathedral, to the church of S.
Edmunds, and to priests etc., for funeral observances follow.)
I bequfeath to Margaret now my wife three girdles, etc., a "blak-
notte** which was bequeathed to me by John Wyott, brewer of the
aforesaid city, deceased, featherbed etc. Also I will that for the exe-
cution of this my last will, Margaret my wife have all that my messuage
etc., in which I now inhabit in Wynman strete and Brownestrete in the
city aforesaid, between the tenement late of Richard Ballew now of
Thomas Lampwals, and the tenement of John Stokes Esqre., for term
of her life, paying the rent I am accustomed to pay ; and I will also
that she have my tenement 'situated in Wynchestrete, and another tene-
ment in that neighborhood ; which tenements are to be sold after the
death of my wife and the money given to the Altar of S. Andrews ; in
the church of S. Edmund's of Sarum, for my own soul, and for the
souls of John Gerveys, of Isabell and Alice, late my wives, for the
souls of William and Agnes my children, for the souls of John Aliander
John Wyott, Brewer, and Alice late his wife and for the souls of all the
faithful.
And as to my lands and tenements in Alyngton, co. Wilts I wish
them to be sold at my death, and disposed of as above written. I be-
queath to John Rooke, my servant, five horses, etc To Henry Baw-
son, my uncle my cloak etc. To John Blythewode, cloak etc. To
Margaret, late my servant, a silver spoon etc To John Cristyan six
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440 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
silver spoons; to Maud, his wife, folding table etc. To William
Baranebroke a pair of sheets etc. To the servant of the late John
Gerveys, a smock etc. To Robert — all that belonged to William late
my son, deceased. To William Smyth a pair of drinking pots.
Other bequests to John Bedman, John Hore, to Alice late my servant
to the mending of the roads near Mylford, to Edith lately wife of John
Attwode, to Joan wife of John Hore, to John Palmer, to John Helyer,
to Robert Helyer, to John Stephens, to William Nessingwyke, and to
John Moone.
Residuary Legatees and Executors — William Nessyngwyke and John
Moone.
Witnesses :— Master Hugh Wolflf, priest of the parish Church of S.
Edmund, aforesaid, Richard Billion, gent, Margaret, my wife and many
others.
Proved :— 20 November 1475 by Mr. William Nessyngwyke, one of
the executors, in the person of John Newton, his attorney, to whom
administration was granted of one part of the goods of the deceased ;
and the same day admon of the other part was granted to Mr. Nicholas
Godefrith, bachelor of laws.
Will of Margaret Brente, Widow
Dated 29 October 1474, proved 27 January 1474
I desire to be buried in the church of S. Edmund, New Sarum, next
my husband.
I bequeath to the High Altar for my tithes forgotten 2od,
To the Mother Church of Sarum \2d.
To the founding of a great canapy one ^brazen mortar weighing 63
pounds.
To John Palmer six silver spoons. To the parish preist i2</. To
Thomas Tomysyn 2od. To Elena Makmete my gilded girdle etc. To
Joan Sampson a girdle. To Joan Waring a cloak furred. To Robert
Waryn, my (filiolo) grandson, a cloak etc. To John Cristyan one nap-
kin. To Agnes Waryn a pair of "preculae.'* To the High Altar of
S. Andrews a chest. Other bequests for the " health of my soul."
Residuary Legatees and Executors : — Philip Marsh and John Samp-
son.
Witnesses : — Dom : Thomas Thomyson, John Cristyan, John Mak-
mett, and Thomas Thame, etc.
Proved :— 27 January 1474, by Philip Marsh, one of the executors.
Will of William Brent,
Of Kenyll, dated 7 May 1494, proved i June 1494.
I bequeath to the Cathredral church of Sarum 12^., to the church of
A.ystone 2od. To the church of S. Martin at Bishops Kyngesbury 6s.
8d. for my soul, and the souls of my parents.
(Other bequests follow to the above churches.)
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GENEALOGY. 441
I bequeath to Edith Mylle, a girdle, etc. To Robert Lucas my best
gown etc. To William Lucas my .second best gown etc. To Maud
Lucas a **nutte." Bequests to John Lucas, senior, son ol my wife, to
John Lucas his brother, to Walter Lucas their brother ; to Avillin Ban-
ister, my son {sic.) To William Gylbard of Stepalharston my son {sic)
and to all my grandchildren (jUio/is) in the parish ot Knell i2d.
Residuary Legatees and Executors :— Agnes, my wife.
Witnesses : — William Lane, Robert Lucas, Walter Atwoode, John
Harrys, Nicholas Pedyll, and many others.
Proved : — i June 1494, by Robert Donof, attorney of Agnes the relict
and executor named.
Note. — Filiolus — a little son. Theie is nothing here to show whether
filiolus means godson or grandson.
(to be continued.)
THE MALLORY FAMILY.
(continued. )
L John" Mallory, eldest son.
II. Christopher", who was buried in Ripon Minster on July 2nd, 1598.
He came to an untimely end. According to a letter from Queen
Elizabeth, preserved among the Johnston MSS at Campsall, it
appears that young Mallory had been in attendance upon his
father in Ireland, and that, as he was returning home, was mur-
dered, whilst riding on the highway, by Michael Cubbadge, ser-
vant to Sir Edward York, and a person of the name of Johnson,
who was indicted ( Catalogue of Hist. MSS, VI, 450.)
III. George,* who was married at Ripon, Oct. 19, 1603, to Frances Daw-
son. He lived at Hollin Close and was intered in the minster on
July 7, 1615. The following is an abstract of his will : **8June,
16 1 5. George Mallorie of Hollin Close, neere Ripon, esquier.
To be buried in the Collegiate church of Ripon, neere the place
on the south side where my ancestors have beene usually buried.
To Frances, my wife, my right in the Mannor of Raynton and my
tythes of Raynton, Assienby, alias Agenby, and Newby in as
ample a manner as Sr. William Mallorie, knt., my late father had
them, nevertheless my will is that if my loving nephie, William
Mallorie, esq., shall secure to the said Frances or her ex' rs the
sum of ^78.3.4, yearly he shall have them. I give /'6.3.4 to be
lent from year to year forever to some twoe poore tradesmen of
Rippon on securitie, and after as my wief during herliefe with the
consent of the little deane or prebendarie residensarie shall think
fitt and after as tbe deane or prebendarie residensarie together
with the consent of the overseers of the poore shall lyke of. The
residue to my wiefe, in token of my unfeyned love to her. The
ex'r and my trustie and well beloved brother, John Legard,
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442 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Addressed **To the right honorable my very good Lo. the lo«
Burleighe Lo. treasurer of Inglande gyve these."
Endorsed by L*d Burligh Sec'y CLXXXII, 8 July, 1594, S'r
Wm. Mai lory to my L. His suppicion y't his sonne Robert
Mallory is become papist beyond ye seas. Prayes your L*p
order for his stay.
VI. Peter baptized at Ripon, April 16, 1576.
VII. Francis.
VIII. Joan, wife of Sir Thomas Lascelles, of Brakenburgh near Thirsk.
IX. Anne, second wife of Sir Hugh Bethell, of EUerton.
X. Dorathy, married Edward Copley, of Batley, esq.
XI. Eleanor, married Sir Robert Djlman, of Pocklington, 226. Sept.,
'579. and died May, 1623.
XII. Julian.
XIII. Elizabeth, bap. ist Oct., 1573 or 1574, married John Legard, of
Canton, esq., and died June 21, 1627.
XIV. Frances.
Sir John" Mallory, of Studley and Hutton, knt., eldest son and
heir, was appointed in 1599, and 1602, a member of the Council of the
North. He served in parliament as a member for Thirsk in 1601 and for
Ripon in 1603. He sold the manor of Trefforth and his part of the
manor of Washington. He married first, Anne, daughter of William,
Lord Eur 5, of Witton Castle, Durham, by Margaret,* daughter of Sir
Edward Dymoke. of Scrivelsby, knt. Of his children the following
may be noticed here :
I. William** Mallory, son and heir.
III. Christopher," bap. Sept., i, 1580. About this person there are
some curious notices in the State Papers of the Time of Charles
I. He was a Roman Catholic, and in the month of August
1628, was arrested on the Tower Wharf in London, whilst
looking curriously at the ordinance. He was charged also with
inducing a Mr. Lancaster, a Londoner, to leave his property in
trust for the benefit of the Carthusian Monastaries of Mechlin
and Newport. Soon after, the strange story crops up that
Mallory has acted in a play at the house of Sir John York, of
Goulthwaite, in Yorkshire, a convert of popery. It is gravely
Slated that Mallory acted the part of the devil, and in that
character carried off King James on his back to a supposed
hell, alleging that all Protestants were damned. When Mal-
lory speaks for himself he denies all share in the play, or in
the affair of Mr. Lancaster. He describes himself as of Ripon
and says that he had come over to England for his health after
residing for twenty-two years in the Archduchess's Country
♦ A sister of this lady was grandmother of George Read, of Virginia.
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GENEALOGY. 443
esquire, supervisor. Witnesses : William Mallorie, George Daw-
son, Chr. Lyndall, Thos. Smith, Pr. 5 Oct., 1615, Adm. to Ex."
KReg, Test. Ebor., XXXIII. 675)
IV. Thotnas^^ afterwards Dean of Chester. See later.
V. Robert, about whom nothing is known save the information con-
tained in the following letter, (Lansdowne MS, 77,) which shows
that all Sir William's care could not prevent one at least of his
children from deserting his faith.
"My verye good L., as I have alwaies founde your honorable
favors towards me which makes me boulder att this tyme, to im-
part onto your Lo'p a cause that greves me very much; w'ch is
this my good Lo'p, one of my sonnes called Robert Mallorie,
whom I did seeke to plaice in Lincoln's Inn, where he haythe
continewed a studente since Mychilmasse last was tow years in
w'ch tyme (tyll now or layte) I was in great hope he would halve
reaped some good frewtee of his travell, the whiche I was rayther
indewced to believe through the commendations of my good
frende Mr. Rokesby and dyvers others of my acquayntance in
that plaice but my sonne-in-law Haughe Bethel being att Lon-
donne all the last tearme, did dyvers tymes repaire unto his
chamber but could not att any tyme meet wythe him; whearupon
he did enquire alter him of the stewarde of the house whoe gayve
him to understand that he thoght him to be corned downe into
the countrye for that he had soulde the intereste w'ch he had jn
his chamber and had put himselfe forthe of Commons. At the
same tyme, my sonne Bethell was hear wythe me acquayntinge
me wythe soe muche as he knewe, I receyved this letter hear in-
closed from a sonne of myn, who haythe contenewed this ten
yeares a student in Cambridge. In consideringe whereof, y*t
maikes me greatlye to feare, that my sonne Roberte, should be
carryed awaye from that which of all things I was most cairfull
to bringe him, and al the rest to the trew knowledge of whiche is
the trew proposion of the gospell of Jesus Christe. Whearfor
synce he is downe into the countrye, neyther havinge hearde any
thinge from him of layt, these causes maikes me greatlye feare,
that, seeing he haythe forgotten his dewtye to Gode, that he may
taike that course, whiche may prove an utter undoing to himselfe,
and a great discomfort to me his father : Whearfor y't yt would
please your good Lo'p to dow me that speciale favore, as that
yf anye means might be maid to staye him for the passage into
daungers, your lordship should thereby maik me bounde unto
you for ever : This humblye recommendinge my whole service
to your Lordshippe I talk my leave : Ilewton parke, this Vlllth
of Julye [1594.]
Your lordship ever to Commande.
W. Mallorve."
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444 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
[Flanders]. He seems to have been detained some little time
in prison.
VIII. Edward," baptized June lo, 1596. In 1622 a Sir Edward Mallory
of Yorkshire was committed to the Tower, where he remained
for some eight months. The "Country'' opposed his arrest and
many would have accompanied him if they had been allowed
to do so. The nature of his offence is unknown.
It is not known when Sir John^^ died ; but in the published poems
(4 to, 162 1) of John Ashmore, master of Ripon school, are two which
refer to him.
To Sir John Mallorv, Knight, After His Recovery From A
Great Sickness.
"Of late, when sickness on thy limbs did seize
Which physick's skill could nothing help or ease,
And with an Habeas Corpus death was preset
With Non OmiitaB reddy the t'arrest
Each corner of thy house was fil'd with wo
And sense distracting grief ran to and fro
Which heard, the cry o'th' poor about thy gates
So sh'akt the doors of adamantime fates.
That by their page th* a Supersedeas sent
To death, to shew th' altered their intent.
For, if we take him, one of them did say
How many will with hunger pine away !'*
When Sir John died the same poet broke out into Latin verse in the
form of a Dialogue between tlie Ure and the Skelle [in Yorkshire] be-
wailing the decease. Of this there is an English version. The first
three stanzas of the Latin are as follows :
Ur. Die mihi Skelle precor^ solitus qui te dare nobis
Laetum^ cur subito solvens in lacrymas ?
An tibi quis liquidas iurbairit flu mine lymphas
An diltcta tibi Nympha proterva fuitf
Sk. Non hoc aut illud : gravior me causa fatigii
Nostraque sollicito corda dolor e premit.
Nonne tibi nota est Comtnnis causa doloris f
Nonne Malorei funera nota tibi f
U R . An Malaoreus obit f Pa rcae potuere feroces
Talis, et heu tanti, sumpere fila viri f
An Malaoretis obit f Fatorum O ferrea jura!
Et nunquam {heu /) satiata Ma/is .'"
Willi a.m" Mallorv, Esq., of Studley and Hutton, eldest son and
heir, was five years old at the Herald's Visitation in 1585. He was M.
P. for Ripon in six Parliaments between 1614 and 1640. He married
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GENEALOGY. 445
Alice*, daughter of Sir James Bellingham, of Over Levens, by Agnes,
daughter of Sir Henry Curwen, of Workington. He was buried in
Ripon Minster, March 4. 1645-6. His 3d, but surviving son and heir was :
Sir John" Mallory, knt, Mf. P. for Ripon 1640. He was also
Colonel of a regiment of dragoons and of the Train Band Foot Regi-
ments of the Wapentakes of Staincliflfe and Ewecross in the West
Riding. He took an active part in the Civil War, and performed several
efficient services for the King. As governor of Skipton Castle he held
that fortress three years. He died at Studley and was buried at Ripon
Minster, Jan. 24, 1655-6. He had been obliged by Parliament to pay a
composition of j£2,2ig. He married Mary, daughter of John Moseley,
Esq., of York. His only son, William'* Mallory, died unmarried in
1666.
Sir John's second daughter, Mary**, born 1640, married Mr. George
Aislabie. of York, and became the heiress of the estates.
Mr. Aislabie came to his end in 1674 ^^ a very unfortunate manner.
Miss Mallory, his wife's sister, had been to a party at the Duke ol
Buckingham's house on Bishophill (York), at the close of which, she
was escorted home to her brother-in-law Aislabie's house, by Mr.
Jonathan Jenings, brother of Sir Edmund Jenings of Ripon. By some
mischance they could not get in, and so Mr. Jenings was obliged to lake
the lady to the residence of his brother-in-law. Dr. Watkinson. On the
following day Jenings told Aislabie that it was hard Sir John Mallory's
daughter must wait at George Aislabie's gates and not be admitted. This
produced a quarel and a challenge, and the two met at Penley Croft,
close to the city, the signal of the meeting being the ringing of the
Minster bell to prayers on a good Sunday morning. Mr. Aislabie was
killed. An account of the transaction was left by Oliver Hey wood, the
nonconformist, in his Diary, and the original depositions referring to it
have been published by the Surtees Society. No event in Yorkshire in
the latter half of that century caused so great a sensation. Mr. Jenings
was influential enough to obtain his pardon from the King, but it was
long before the incident was forgotten. Jenings was afterwards knighted
and prepared for publication a tract entitled "Naked Truth," to vindi-
cate his character from the slur the duel had thrown upon it, but it
never went through the press. Sir Jonathan Jenings was the uncle of
Edmund Jenings, Governor of Va. ( l^a. Mag, History and Big.
XII, 308.)
THE BROOKE FAMILY OF VIRGINIA.
(By Prof. St. George Tucker Brooke, Morgantown, W. Va.)
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
(IV) Benjamin Morris Francisco, Physician and Farmer, m. ist, Mary
♦A sister of this lady was mother of William Claiborne ol Virginia.
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446 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Lawrence of Louisa county, Va.; issue, Henry Lawrence, killed ist
battle Manassas; m. 2nd, Anne Goodwin of Louisa Co., Va.; issue,
Fannie Brooke, Kate, Benj. M., Willie, Mattie, John C. Calhoun.
(I) Susan Brooke Francisco and Col. Edward Pescud had issue;
I Peter Francisco Pescud, m. Mary Israel Wilson. 2, Norbome
Spotswood Pescud (never married). 3, Robert Brooke Pescud (never
married). 4, Catherine Fauntleroy Pescud, m. Jan. 1855, Jonathan
White Albertson, of Hertford Pesquimans County, N. C. 5, Marceline
Armita Pescud, m. George Washington Gatling of Gatesville, Gates
County, N. C, May ist 1855, died Prince George County, Va., Oct. 30,
1904, aged 77 years.
The following is a newspaper obituary :
Petersburg, Va., Oct. 30.— Mr. George Washington Gatling, one of
the most prominent citizens of Prince George, died at his home in that
county this afternoon at 2 o'clock after a protracted illness. He was a
native of Gates county. North Carolina, and was 77 years old. He is
survived by four sons and one daughter. One of his sons, George W.
Gatling is a prominent druggist of Norfolk.
I. Peter Francisco Pescud and Mary Israel Wilson had issue : (a)
Susap Brooke Pescud, m. Wm. F. Craig of Marion N. C, (issue, Margie
Craig, d. y., William Pescud Craig); (b) John Shaw Pescud, Lieut. C. S.
Army aged 16, m. Isabella Hinton of Raleigh N. C, issue : Jennie,
Mary Hinton, m. Percy P. Lynch of New Orleans (issue Peter Fran-
cisco, Percy P. Jr; Isabelle); (c) Peter Francisco Pescud m. Margaret
Maginnis, of New Orleans, June 13, 1883, (no issue); (d) Jennie Pescud
d. y.; (e) Edward Pescud d. 1895, unmarried ; (f) Mollie Israel Pescud,
unmarried.
(4) Catherine Fauntleroy Pescud and Jonathan White Albertson, had
issue (a) Susan Brooke Albertson, d. y.; (b) Jonathan White Albertson,
m. Bertha Hamilton Vaughan, of Elizabeth City, N. C, Dec. 28, 1888 ;
(c) Marceline Pescud Albertson ; (d) Judge Robert Brooke Albertson.
of Seattle, Wash., m. Aug. 24, 1892, Nancy Beverley De Wolfe, of
Seattle, Wash.; (e) Rebeka Albertson; (f ) Catherine Fauntleroy Albert-
son ; (g) Thomas Edward Albertson.
5. Marceline Armita Pescud and George Washington Gatling had
issue : (a) Edward Brooke Gatling m. Birdie Bibee; (b) William Faunt-
leroy Galling m., 1889, Fannie Clarendon Hubert of Charleston S. C,
issue, Hubert Rathbone Gatling, 1890, and Annie Jayne Gatling, 1894 ;
(c) Peter Francisco Gatling m. Pearl McGowan, issue John Gatling ; (d)
Catherine Fauntleroy Gatling, d, y.; (e) Daisy Gatling d. y.; (0 Norbome
Spotswood Gatling, m. Margare Payne, of Amherst, Va.
(II) Catherine Brooke Francisco and Dandrige Spotswood had issue.
(1) William Francisco Spotswood, b. Feb. 16, 1827, d. April 13, 1895, ^.
Isabella Matoaco Dunlop, dau. of James Dunlop, of Petensburg, Va.,
whose wife was Isabella Lenox Maitland of N. Y; (2) Joseph Edwin
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BOOK REVIEWS. 447
Spotswood, m. Lucy Cooper; (3) Eliza Robinson Spotswood, b. Aug.
2, 1840, m. Nov. 13, i860, in Petersburg, Va., Frederick Nash Strud-
wick of Hillsboro N. C; (4) Alexander S. d. y.; (5) Peter F: d. y.; (6)
Benjamin M., d. y., (7) Rosa Brooke Spotswood b. Jan. 17, 1836, d. Aug.
9, 1901; (8) Alexander Elliott b. June 2, 182 1, Petersburg, Va., d. Nov.
21, 1834; (9) Dandridge Rowzie, b. Oct., 12, 1823, in Petersburg, Va., d.
Sept.. I, 1830; (10) Alexander Dandridge Spotswood. b. July 18, 1838, d.
July 9, 1840.
(f ) William Francisco Spotswood and Isabella Matoaco Dunlop bad
issue ; (a) Dandridge Spotswood, 180 Broadway N. Y., m. June 20, 1904,
Catherine Franciska Wolff, dau. of Dr. Lawrence Wolff, of Phila-
delphia, who was b. in Bavaria and was s. of Baron von Wolff; (b)
Alexander Spotswood, of San Francisco, m. May 21, 1903, Edna
Mallagh, of San Louis Obispo, Cal; (c) Francisco Spotswood ; (d)Calin
McKenzie Dunlop Spotswood ; (e) Martha Bogle Dunlop Spotswood,
(other children d. y.)
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
BOOK REVIEWS.
An Introduction to The Records of the Virginia Company
OF London. With a Bibliographical List of the Extant Docu-
ments. By Susan M. Kingsbury, A. M., Ph. D., Instructor in His-
tory, Vassar College. Library of Congress, Washington, Govern-
ment Printing Office, 1905, pp. 214.
Enthusiasm is not a term that can usually be used with propriety in
regard to the feeling which is produced by reading the introduction to
a bulky historical document. Here, however, to the true student of the
colonial history of America in general and of Virginia in particular, no
other word would seem to suit. Miss Kingsbury's masterly essay is
so full of learning, so full of just the things that the student has wanted,
but did not know how to get, that he is bound to feel the keenest sense
of appreciation.
With natural capacity of a high order and with thorough training for
her work. Miss Kingsbury has investigated in the most thorough and
scholarly manner the history and records of the Virginia Company, of
London, and of all cognate documents which were to be found in Eng-
land and Am 3rica, and the result has been a marvelous increase in our
knowledge of the documentary sources of the period.
It is sincerely regretted that limations of space prevent anything like
a full appreciation of her work in this magazine, but a general idea of
the contents of the introduction may be given.
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448 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The first section treats of the character of the Virginia Company with
a comparison of this organization with the earlier movements for dis-
covery and trade and concludes with a statement of the importance of
the records of the Company.
The next division treats of the records of the Company under Sir
Thomas Smythe with such sub-divisions as Organization of the Com-
pany under the Charter of 1606; change in character from 1606 to 1609,
and classes, character and value of the records.
The third section gives an account of the various collections of docu-
ments, 1616-1624 which exist in England and America and a valuable
description of what they are.
The records of the Company under the Sandys— Southampton ad-
ministration form the subject of the fourth section, and here the organi-
zation of the Company, methods of procedure, record books provided
by the Company, the extant records (the two volumes now in the
Library of Congress), the extant supplementary records and the value
of all of these documents receive full and scholarly investigation.
The last section of the introduction proper is devoted to the fate of
the original records of the Company. The appendices include a, most
valuable bibliographical list of 764 documents relating to Virginia
covering the period from 1606 to 1625, and also a list of printed works
and of authorities cited.
This resume, of course, gives but a faint and meagre idea of the
value of Miss Kingsbury's work. It is not too much to say that it is
absolutely indispensible to all students of our early history, and is a
most worthy prologue to" the records of the Virginia Company which
the Library of Congress now has in the press.
Though a minute examination has not been possible, several slips
have been noticed. George Ruggles is called Rugh\ and Sir John
Zouch almost always styled Lord Zouch. No. 39 in the list of records
is not published in the Virginia Historical Magazine, IV. 28-29, and
the abstract of the letter of Argall, which is printed there, is dated June
9th, not 7th. The commi.ssion to William Craddock (No. 65 of the list)
is given in full in the Randolph MSS, Va. Hist. Society, and is printed
in the Magazine IV, 29. The references in the list under 42-52, 55-57,
"see remarks under 40," should evidently refer to the remarks under 39.
The exact meaning of "Kingsbury Rec. Va. CofPtpany II," is not
exactly clear. It would naturally be presumed that it is the intention of
the Library of Congress to publish a supplementary volume of records,
which, like the Company books, will be edited by Miss Kingsbury, but
constantly throughout the list of records published with this introduction,
we find items prefixed by a mark which, it is stated, indicates that "the
document is reproduced in the present collection.*' In a number of in-
stances, however, this mark does not precede a title which is followed
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BOOK REVIEWS. 449
by * 'Kingsbury Rec, Va, Company^ II." We presume that the omis-
sion was simply an inadvertance.
Maryland Historical Magazine. Published by the Maryland His-
torical Society for subscribers. Issued quarterly. Annual sub-
scription, I3.00; single numbers, 75 cents. Vol. I, No. i, March,
1906, Baltimore, for sale at the Athenaeum Building, St. Paul and
Saratoga Sts.
A general and hearty welcome will greet this new venture of the
Maryland Historical Society; but nowhere should the welcome be quite
as warm as among us here in Virginia. Our political and family his-
tories have always been so closely associated that but little can be said
of Maryland which is not of interest to Virginia.
Maryland is very fortunate in having its public records to a great
extent, provided for in that model series of Archives which the State
publishes through the agency of the Historical Society. There is there-
fore ample reason for the existence of a medium for the publication of
more disconnected documents and of original historical papers and con-
tributions to genealogy. The State Historical Society is of course the
proper body to conduct such a publication and in this its initial number
has made a happy beginning. That its editorial direction will be
everything it should be is assured by the fact that Dr. William Hand
Browne is the editor.
The table of contents for the present number is as follows : Saluta-
tory; Early County Seats of Baltimore County, by Judge Albert Ritchie;
A Pirate in the Chesapeake Bay, by Henry F. Thompson; Baltimore
and its Defences, by Gen. W. P. Craighill; Unpublished Letters of
Washington; Migrations of Baltimore Town, by Rev. G. A. Leakin; The
Tuesday Club, of Annapolis; The Brooke Family, by Dr. Christopher
Johnston; Notes and Queries; and Report of Annual Meeting of Mary-
land Historical Society. Mr. Thompson's article is of special interest
to Virginians, as it gives a minute account derived from hitherto un-
known sources of the actions of a pirate off the Capes and in the Bay
in the year 1700, and of the final destruction of the corsair after a hotly
contested fight with his Majesty's ship Shoreham.
The Magazine is handsomely printed on good paper and is in every
way a credit to the Society. It should receive wide support both in
and out of Maryland.
The Mississippi Territorial Archives 1798-1803. Executive
Journals of Governor Winthrop Sargent and Governor
William Charles Cole Claiborne. Compiled and edited by
Dunbar Rowland, Director, Mississippi Department of Archives
and History. Vol. I. Nashville, 1905, pp. VIII, 615.
As in the case of Maryland we have here again to welcome a new de-
parture in historical publication. The accomplished Director of the
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450 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Department of Archives and History of Mississippi has in this volume
admirably begun the publication of the records of his State.
The Executive Journals and the Letters of the gubernatorial admin-
istrations of Winthrop Sargent and W. C. C. Claiborne constitute fun-
damental and indispensable documents for the early history of Mississippi,
and must be studied by all historians whose subject includes that State.
This volume is well printed and of course well edited, but might have
a more exhaustive index. It is illustrated with portraits of the two
Governors.
This volume will be succeeded by others which will contain territorial
archives, and documents relating to the history of Mississippi of earlier
and later dates.
Americans of 1776, by James Schouler. New York, Dodd, Mead
and Co., 1906, pp. XIII, 317.
It is solely due to the fact that this book reached us just on the eve
of the publication of this number of the Magazine that a more exten-
sive notice of it is not given.
It is unnecessary to say that an original study of life and manners,
social, industrial and political for the Revolutionary period by Mr.
Schouler must be of great interest and value. In the absence of time
in which to make an examination of the volume we regretfully have
to confine our notice to giving a list of chapter titles. These will show
how varied and attractive the contents of the book are.
The chapters are as follows :
I. The Thirteen Colonies and their People. 2. Freemen and Bonds-
men. 3. Crimes and Disorders. 4. Births. Marriages and Deaths. 5.
Houses and Homes. 6. The Casualties of Life. 7. The Three Public
Vocations. 8. Dress and Diet. 9. Recreations and Amusements. 10.
Colonial Literature. 11. Colonial press. 12. The fine Arts. 13. Phil-
anthrophy and Disease. 14. Common School Education. 15. Colleges
and the Higher Education. 16. Religious Influences. 17. Libraries
and Clubs. 18. Industrial Pursuits. 19. Provincial Politics. 20.
Symptoms of Independence.
Maryland Calendar of Wills, compiled and edited by Jane
Baldwin (Jane Baldwin Cotton). Wills from 1685-1702. Vol.
II. Kohn and Pollock, Publishers. Boston, 1906, pp. 252, LXXV.
We are glad to note the appearance, after a considerable interval, of
the second volume of this very excellent calendar of Maryland wills.
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The Relations of Historu and Literature.
AN ADDRESS
Bu WILLIAM PETERFIELD TRENT, A. M., Ph. D.,
OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITV.
Deli?ered before the Annual Meeting of the Virginia Historical
Society, January 4, 1906.
Ladies and Gentlemen :
The invitation to deliver the annual address before this
society came to me as a great compliment and pleasure, and also
as a commission which there could be no thought of declining.
As I increase in age and in prudence, I try to manage to have a
theme for an address before I accept an invitation to speak; but
in this case I broke my precautionary rule, feeling that, if the
Historical Society of my native State was willing to hear me,
some sort of tutelary spirit would suggest a proper subject to me
before my six months of grace were completely over. As the
weeks went by, however, I realized that, while my conduct in
one sense had been dutiful — perhaps, though my lot has long been
cast in other places, I may still say filial — in another sense it had
been very rash. No subject that seemed appropriate suggested
itself, for the very obvious reason that, although my university
training was specifically historical, my later studies have chiefly
lain in the adjacent fields of literary history and criticism.
Wanderers who return to their former homes never have much
difficulty in holding forth about what they themselves have seen
and done; if they are wise, they seldom attempt to discuss what
has happened at home during their absence. It is better for
them to ask questions and to listen. Just so, in all that con-
cerns present knowledge and study of Virginia history, it would
be better for me to occupy a retired seat on this floor. History,
like all other studies, is a jealous mistress, and in these days of
special scholarship and of widespread interest in matters histor-
ical and antiquarian, it is astonishing how far, in the short space
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452 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of a decade, a student who has not been heart-whole in his de-
votion can drop behind his fellow workers. You will surely,
therefore, in view of what I have said, expect from me no
direct contribution to your valuable labors in the domain of local
historical research and of constructive historical writing; nor
will you even look for specific expert criticism of the work you
have accomplished.
But, while it is true that, no man or body of men can today
reasonably expect to achieve much success in any field of activity
without a loyal and almost completely unswerving devotion to
the chosen calling, it is equally true that no subject of human
inquiry stands in absolute isolation. It follows that students of
one branch of knowledge will occasionally do well to hear from
students of cognate branches discussions of points lying, if I
may so express it, in the mark or boundary between the con-
tiguous provinces of knowledge. Thus, for example, the student
of history can learn not a little from the anthropologist, the
archaeologist, and the geographer. I hesitate to suggest, for
reasons which will be abundantly clear as we proceed, that in
these days of scientific history the student of that subject has
much to learn from the student of literature; yet, as some old-
fashioned people still think of history as a branch, and a very
noble branch of literature, and as even the scientific historians
themselves do not deny that the alliance between history and
literature was extremely close not a hundred years ago, I venture
to hope that some remarks on the relations of the two subjects
may not be out of place at this annual gathering of many of those
Virginians who are interested in the annals of their Mother
State. I cannot but think that you are as much concerned in
having the world at large obtain an adequate acquaintance with
the essential facts of Virginia's history as you are in knowing
those facts yourselves, and practically the only knowledge
of history the general reader has ever gained, so far as I am
aware, has hitherto been got through the medium of litera-
ture. I do not myself believe that history and literature can be
divorced without great loss to both. At any rate, if they have
already been separated, as some historians tell us they have
been, or, if they are destined to be parted in the near future, I
should like to have the privilege, as one who has loved them
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 463
both and tried to serve them in a modest way, briefly to review
their past and present relations and to protest against a hasty
granting of that decree of divorce which some of my fellow
students of history treated as an accomplished fact nearly twenty
years ago.
I trust that my request to be allowed this privilege would
not be deemed too bold by any audience; I am quite sure that
it will not be so deemed here in Virginia. For we Virginians,
who are preparing to celebrate the three hundredth anni-
versary of the planting of Jamestown, who delight to recount
the romantic story and the pathetic fate of Pocahontas, are
surely not insensible to the facts that the age of the heroic ex-
plorers and first settlers was also the greatest creative epoch in
the literature of our race, that George Sandys translated Ovid
on the banks of the river that flows past our present capital,
that about the time Captain John Smith was sending over to
London the manuscript of his **True Relation." the first
English book written on American soil, the master dramatist
. of the world, at the very height of his powers, was depicting
the passion, dire yet forever enrapturing, of Antony and
Cleopatra. It was a fascinating history and a fascinating litera-
ture that were in the making three hundred years ago, and
when the student of the one is not also and by that very fact
the student of the other, the two should at least try to meet
frequently on a common ground and report to each other their
experiences.
But suppose our two students thus meeting should accost each
other with the very natural and appropriate questions — What
is History ? What is Literature ? Is it not conceivable that
their last state might be worse than their first? No one, to
my knowledge, has ever succeeded in satisfactorily defining
literature, and, to judge from the numerous attempts to define
history, it is not clear that a consensus of opinion as to what
their favorite study really is prevails today among historians,
or, at least, that any such consensus has prevailed long enough
to give it practical authority. We are constantly told in the
words of Lord Bolingbroke, which he thought he got from
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, that history is philosophy teaching
by example. This phrase is not inapt as a description of a cer-
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tain type of classical historical writing — for example, the histories
of Thucydides and Tacitus. ** Political philosophy teaching
by example *' would perhaps characterize not unfairly Grote's
massive ** History of Greece.*' But apply the phrase to such
a treatise as Stubbs*s *• Constitutional History of England *' or
to such a narrative as Prescott's ** Conquest of Mexico,'* and
it appears at once to be almost ludicrously inappropriate.
Philosophy, it would seem, should be written by persons with a
philosophical training and cast of mind ; but our graduate
schools for historical study, while they may insist on a knowledge
of French and German, do not insist on any knowledge of
philosophy as a prerequisite to successful work. The most
famous definition or description of history is therefore seen to
be much too narrow.
Lord Macaulay said, "that history, at least in its state of ideal
perfection*, is a compound of poetry and philosophy." This is
delightfully vague. Cowper once got from the heel of an old
shoe the suggestion for a fairly good poem ; but if Stubbs had
been alive and writing in Cowper' s day, the amiable poet would
have been sorely tasked if he had tried to extract any subject for
poetry from the threfe most famous volumes of the eminent pre-
late-historian, unless, to be sure, he had written a satire upon
the universal aridity of scientific history. *' A compound of
poetry and philosophy" indeed ! Even Lord Macaulay*s own
fascinating ** History " is not that for those of us who see in that
famous work a good deal more than the rhetorical proclamation
of the glories of English Whigism which some disdainful
moderns have discovered in volumes declared by their fathers
to be more interesting than most novels. What could Macau-
lay have found better to say of Milton's "Comus" than that it
was a "compound of poetry and philosophy?" And what
would he have said to Burke and Fox, who, arguing with the
Duke of Richmond, maintained that truth was to be found in
poetry rather than in history ? Those two eminent men, one of
whom wrote history, evidently believed that poetry and history
were somewhat antithetical. Finally, where is the rash man who
who will undertake to tell us what poetry is and what
philosophy is ?
But the distinguished names I have been mentioning, save
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 455
that of Stubbs, belong to what my friends of the present histori-
cal school are just too polite to call **The Dark Ages of His-
toriography. *' Let us descend the stream of time until we come
to a Norman keep still in a fair state of preservation — I mean,
in unfigurative language, let us pass on to the historian of the
Norman Conquest, the late Mr. Edward Augustus Freeman,
who, although he confined himself as closely to printed sources
as he did to Saxon words and to prehistoric plainness of speech,
will perhaps be accepted by the modem school as one of them-
elves. When I was a student of history at the Johns Hopkins
University, my eyes were confronted each day with a senten-
tious utterance of Mr. Freeman's which my excellent teacher,
the late Professor Herbert B. Adams, had had painted in large
letters upon the wall of his seminary room and library, so that all
who came to read might at least read that. ** History is past
politics ; Politics is present history," that was the legend that
stared us in our innocent faces. I thought then, and I still
think, that Mr. Freeman was very hard on his favorite study.
Man never has lived by politics alone. Some individuals have
done it, some continue to do it ; but they have run and still
run great risk of becoming disreputable. The historian who
confines himself to politics past and present is not disreputable ;
he is only one-sided and often one-eyed. Perhaps it is im-
polite to suggest that the reason political historians have so
long exercised a sort of sway over readers of history becomes
clear the moment we remember that the one-eyed man is king
among the blind.
This finding flaws in definitions and descriptions is, however, a
facile and a comparatively unprofitable operation. We are all
convinced that there is such a study as history as well as a body
of writings called historical, both of which we can separate in a
rough and ready manner from chemistry, let us say, on the
one hand and from the drama on the other. Such a definition
as that given by **The Century Dictionary,'' suffices for most
of our purposes. History, says that authority is ** the recorded
events of the past, also, that branch of science which is occupied
with ascertaining and recording the facts of the past." You as
a historical society are occupied with ascertaining and recording
the facts of Virginia history. I, as a teacher of English litera-
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456 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ture, ain occupied with introducing my students to the most
important works in prose and verse in which the writers of our
race have embodied their thoughts and feelings. Both history
and literature as complex conceptions of the mind may entirely
elude our respective efforts to define them; but we shall none
the less continue to love and prosecute our chosen studies.
And sometimes a catholic-minded man applies himself to de-
fining or describing our studies in such a way as to enlighten
us — at least for the time being. When Professor C. H. Firth
delivered his inaugural lecture at Oxford, he gave a description
of history to which I personally take little or no exception.
History seemed to him *'to mean the record of the life of so-
cieties of men, of the changes which those societies have gone
through, of the' ideas which have determined the actions of
those societies, and of the material conditions which have
helped or hindered their development." Nor did history ap-
pear to him to be '* only a branch of learning to be studied for
its own sake, but a kind of knowledge which is useful to men in
daily life, the end and aim of all history being, as Sir Walter
Raleigh says, *to teach us by example of times past such
wisdom as may guide our desires and actions.' "
Professor Firth went on to ask whether history is a science or
an art, and he answered his own query by saying that to him
*' truth seems to lie between these two extremes. History is
neither, but it partakes of the nature of both. A two fold task
lies before the historian. One half of his business is the dis-
covery of the truth, and the other its representation."
These temperate words constitute a description of history
broad enough, it would seem, to satisfy the most exigent. The
historian of institutions, the historian of political events, the his-
torian of manners, and the historian of the arts finds his re-
spective and specific field of research included within the con-
fines of history, as Professor Firth understands the term. Even
the historian of literature may stand without shame beside the
historian of battles and sieges. The writer of a minute, labori-
ous monograph has a place as well defined as that of the author
of a picturesque narrative or the bold generalizer in that rather
nebulous study known as the philosophy of history.
But, unfortunately, temperate words are not usually wel-
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 457
corned by men flushed with victory, and the scientific study
of history has won so many splendid triumphs in the past fifty
or seventy-five years that its votaries have apparently been in-
toxicated by success and have become in consequence some-
what arrogant and intol.erant. They speak with open disdain,
not merely of former imperfect attempts to philosophize on the
facts of history, but even of any present or future dream of
such an attempt. They seem to view with an eye of grieved
concern such of their number as are guilty of imparting to
their writings the graces of style or display even a rudimentary
sense for the picturesque and the dramatic elements of composi-
tion. Too frequently, when they have occasion to refer to the
writers whom we are accustomed to denominate, **the standard
historians,*' they are contemptuous, when they are not insult-
ing. Gibbon indeed, they leave to the attacks of Mr. Ruskin
and the ultra-orthodox — but Hume and Robertson, Macaulay,
.Carlyle, and Michelet they treat as proper targets for every sort
of missile. When a spirit of compunction seizes them, they
administer a coup de grace to their victim by declailng that he
is merely a great writer whom they turn over to that useless but
rather harmless freak, the critic of literature. Sometimes they
are even scornful enough to ignore the very existence of the
** standard historians.'* One of the ablest historical students in
this country confessed to me not long since that he had scarcely
read oiie of them through in his life. He occasionally referred
to their volumes, but got nothing for his pains. They did not
know how to use their ** sources," and my friend did, for he
had been trained in the scientific school. Our conversation
ended with the "standard historians'* in eclipse for that even-
ing at least, since it scarcely seemed worth while for me to make
certain observations which I shall now venture to present.
Yet, after all, is it worth while for a single voice to lift itself
in opposition to a chorus of self satisfied and successful men
who pause from their useful labors just long enough, it would
seem, to sing their own praises and to chant the dirges of their
unfortunate predecessors ? Or it is worth while, instead of try-
ing to drown their chorus, to ask them to pause and listen to a
few questions ?
Is not the sort of historical writing most in vogue today the re-
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458 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
suit of a perfectly natural evolution from the credulous story-tell-
ing of Herodotus, for whom truth and fiction, history and poetry
were but crudely differentiated, through the successful attempt
of Thucydides to make a philosophic grouping of events in order
to explain a catastrophe, on through the wider survey of peoples
and their achievements made by Polybius, through Livy's
patriotic exposition of a nation's rise and progress and through
Tacitus' s dark and partisan portrayal of an empire's shame and
decline, through these famous narratives and others scarcely
less famous to the works of feebler men in periods becoming
darker and more confused, until history, like every other branch
of learning, suffered, not extinction indeed, but a great and
prolonged dimming of its light in the ages that witnessed the
death of the ancient and the birth of the mediaeval world?
Mixed with literature, mixed with philosophy, colored with
patriotism, colored with partisanship, springing out of the dark-
ness of unconsciousness, ending in the darkness of confusion,
history obviously had little chance to grow into a science,
though a spirit of investigation and a demand for truth were
then abroad in the world,' as well as a zest for speculation in
philosophy. History in those days could not be very critical,
though the narratives we owe to it are priceless even today,
when inscriptions and coins often furnish us with safer data for
constructing the records of the past than are given by the pro-
fessed historians. But the mere encouragement of the spirit of
inquiry, the spread of the love of truth, the fostering of national
pride, the chastising of public and private vices — these services
rendered by history and historians were not small ones, and the
development of the power of generalizing on events, of order-
ing a clear consecutive narrative, in a word, the laying of the
foundations of the art of historical writing, might well be termed,
by students at least, an inestimable service. History was a
branch of literature, historians being given one of the muses
for their special protection, and the relationship was not then
regarded as a cause for shame and should not now be looked
upon as a subject for surprise.
If history could not become a science in classical times, it
was still less likely to undergo such an evolution in the Middle
Ages — the Ages of Faith. It suffered as literature did, as
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 459
science did, and it could but slowly recover what it had lost as
an art. With literature, however, and the other arts, it has
left us materials out of whch, after many centuries of neglect,
scholars have been able to construct something that is not a
caricature of one of the most interesting phases of human evo-
lution. With the Renaissance came, of course, a greatly in-
creased opportunity and desire to study the masterpieces of
classical historiography, and writers like Machiavelli modeled
themselves upon ancient historians. The mediaeval chronicle
still survived, however, in the form of annals, and the earlier
modern historians like Lord Bacon showed through their un-
critical method of handling their sources that the influence of
the Ages of Faith was still upon them. Neither as a science
nor as an art did history make much overt progress, the ener-
gies of men of learning being chiefly directed to the necessary
amassing of linguistic and antiquarian knowledge, and men of
letters still finding in the various forms of poetry the best
medium of expression for their genius. But when at last the
seventeenth century had laid the foundations of modern prose,
especially in French and English, when it had stored up in
great books of reference and in annotated editions of the classics
the work of its herculean scholars and antiquaries, and when it
had settled political and ecclesiastical questions to such an ex-
tent at least that national development on a broad scale was as-
sured to some countries as a present possession and promised to
others — after all these necessary steps had been taken, history
as an art made, as might have been foreseen, a very rapid ad-
vance. Great Britain, to cite only one country, produced in
the first half of the eighteenth century a number of writers ^ho
attempted, like Defoe, to give clear and consecutive accounts
of political events, particularly since the Restoration — and dur-
ing the second half of the century Hume, Robertson, and Gib-
bon raised the writing of history to the level of a true art. At
about the same time Johnson and Boswell performed a similar
service for biography, and Richardson and Fielding for that
form of fictitious history known as the novel.
It has recently been declared that it was in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries that history in its modern sense was at
its lowest ebb. Gibbon, to be sure, is not included in this ex-
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treme statement, because Gibbon was not only a great writer
with a broad philosophical grasp and imaginative sweep, but
also a great scholar endowed with zeal, patience, and critical
sagacity. The reasons some members of the modern school are
so hard on Gibbon's most distinguished contemporaries, seem
to be two ; first because, owing to their want of zeal and criti-
cal acumen and to their lack of adequate collections of docu-
ments and the aids for using them, they produced books that
are full of errors of fact ; secondly, because they paid great at-
tention to details of composition and took frequent occasion to
generalize and philosophize on the meaning of events and move-
ments with which they often had but a vague and narrow ac-
quaintance.
These grave charges against the historians who preceeded
the critical German school of Niebuhr and Ranke are neither
unfounded nor new. Dr. Johnson more than a hundred
years ago pointed out as pithily as need be the essentially un-»
critical character of Lord Bacon's historical work, though he
naturally thought more of his own contemporaries in the field of
history than we are able to do ; and not many years later
Southey called Robertson a rogue because that exemplary
Scotch divine had not read the laws of Alonso the Wise before
writing his famous introduction to his Charles V, Yet it would
be a mistake to suppose that, whatever Robertson's lapses from
that zeal for accuracy which characterizes the best modem
scholars, he was insensible to the necessity of gathering accurate
historical materials ; for, not only do his notes show a varied
erudition, but he is represented in Bos well's Tour to the He-
brides as heartily agreeing with Dr. Johnson that steps should
be taken to secure from every possible source information
about the uprising of 1745. Love of truth and desire for accuracy
were not born with Niebuhr and the Germans, but they have
been made vastly more effective since nations have learned to
cherish and render accessible their archives, since scholars have
learned to co-operate, to apply the methods of study known
loosely as critical and comparative, and to utilize not only the
materials furnished by such practically new sciences as archae-
ology and anthropology, but also the example set by all scien-
tists in their demand for a precise methodology, for a testing of
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 461
results, and an objective attitude toward their work. The mo-
ment we say this and realize what the total intellectual advance
of the nineteenth century meant to the men engaged in any
form of investigation, philological, literary, historical, scientific,
we perceive how more than ungracious it is in those who are
today profiting from the work of their immediate forerunners to
cast reproach upon the scholars of the eighteenth century who
came between the colossal gatherers of erudite information that
adorned the seventeenth century and the resolute wielders of a
critical method that made memorable the nineteenth. If only
one of the three great English historians of the eighteenth cen-
tury could accomplish work permanent b^th from the point of
view of literary art and from that of scientific accuracy, all three
helped on immensely the cause of history in one important re-
spect.
They made it popular with the reading public because
they brought it back to the standing as literature it had had in
classical times. They showed men once more that it was
possible to select and combine the multitudinous events of the
past into picturesque and philosophic narratives. Two of them
drew poorly and the colors they used have faded ; but the art
they practiced has lived on. Without their labors who shall
say that one of the chief glories of our own literature would have
been the great group of the American historians? Before Hume
and Robertson wrote. Sir Robert Walpole in his retirement,
when his son Horace proposed to read history to him, exclaimed,
*' No, don*t read history to me ; that can't be true." Some of
Sir Robert's contemporaries like Defoe did their best to base
their histories on authentic documents, but they were generally
partisan and nearly always dull, and no one who knows them will
blame the old statesman for not wanting to hear them read
aloud. I cannot help believing, however, that, if he had lived
in the time of Hume, he might have listened to that Tory's
perversions of history, and reserved his objurgations until the
sound of the polished periods had died away. It is, I repeat,
no small achievement for the representatives of any form of
learning to gain the public ear.
It is plain that the attention thus secured has been held. His-
tory and biography have grown steadily in favor, until they may
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truly be said to be formidable rivals of poetry and fiction.
There were few more popular writers in America than the late
John Fiske at the time of his death. Macaulay, whatever his
limitations, was and is • widely read. Prescott, Motley, and
Parkman won renown quickly, and even Bancroft, for all his
rhetoric, was better known as a historian than as a statesman.
And, what is perhaps more to the point, it has been found
profitable to translate the massive works of great foreign his-
torians such as Ranke and Mommseii. A similar story may be
told of the fortunes of biography throughout the past hundred
years. Though a writer like Matthew Arnold could still speak
of history as that Mississippi of falsehood, readers with an in-
creasing sense of the value of facts turned to it as perhaps the
most satisfactory form of literature. But whatever may have
been the triumphs of literature during the nineteenth century —
and they were undoubtedly great — it is plain that the triumphs
of science were greater. If we were to use the phrase " the age
of Tennyson " we should refer merely to an important but not
consummately great epoch of English literature ; but if we used
the phrase "the age of Darwin," we might legitimately be
supposed to refer to the most important age of scientific dis-
covery in the entire annals of the human race. Now as the ma-
terials of history and biography are what we call facts, as facts
must be verified, and, as the verification of facts implies impartial
scrutiny and the employment of the best available methods of
research, it follows that in a scientific age the spirit in which his-
tory is studied and the methods by which its materials are
gathered, sifted, and arranged would inevitably resemble, so
far as the differing natures of their respective materials would
allow, the spirit and methods of the workers in the various
fields of natural science. The rise and triumph of the modern
critical or semi-scientific school of Niebuhr and Ranke was a
phenomenon which might have been predicted as readily as the
rise of artistic history in the eighteenth century and of histori-
cal writing of a stricdy classical type in the sixteenth. The
scientific article and monograph concerned entirely with the
announcement of some new bit of scientific information or some
modification or confirmation or refutation of a scientific theory
was of necessity paralleled by the historical article and mono-
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 463
graph having similar purposes and characteristics. And just
as scientific work was best done in well equipped laboratories,
especially in those connected with large universities, so histori-
cal work of the modern critical type was best done in connec-
tion with archives and libraries and by trained specialists occu-
pying chairs in universities situated where books and docu-
ments could be most readily and most abundantly obtained.
There is much to be thankful for in all this, but I fail to see
anything altogether wonderful it is, unless it be the extraordinary
delusion that this quite explicable growth of the scientific school
of historians gives that school the right to despise its predeces-
sors and to fancy that its own success means the extinction of
history as a branch of literature. We have been told recently
that the writing of history has practically passed into the hands
of the professors of history and that these have not the time to
study the gfraces of style, in other words, to endeavor to make
their books attractive to the public. They are to write as stu-
dents of history for other students. I trust that this last state-
ment will continue in a sense to be true ; but I perceive no
reason why students who write should not try to write well, or
why students who read should not prefer and demand books
worth reading, not merely for their substance but for their style. .
I cannot see why, if a knowledge of the larger matters of
science and history is both interesting and beneficial to the pub-
lic, there should not continue to be a need for writers capable of
serving as intermediaries between the active workers in the
fields of science and history and the world of readers. Hux-
ley was such a scientific interpreter or intermediary and Fiske,
after more or less abandoning philosophy, held a similar posi-
tion among historians. Neither was perhaps a worker, an in-
vestigator of a very high rank ; both were literary men of con-
siderable eminence. It is often taken for granted that it is im-
possible for the investigator and the eminent man of letters to
be one and the same person. This proposition is unfounded.
The combination was seen in Gibbon, and, if there has been
only one Gibbon, it is equally true that there has been only one
Shakspere, one Milton, one Newton. Do dramatists and poets
and scientists, however, cease on that account to strive to reach
the highest position in their calling that is possible with the
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464 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
genius or the talents they possess ? The modern dramatist, ii
he is sensible, will not imitate Shakspere in a slavish fashion,
but he will endeavor to interpret in the most effective way the
life of his own times in accordance with the fundamental and
venerable principles of dramatic art. He makes use of every
device of the modern stage ; but he is none the less one of the
numerous progeny of Aeschylus. It seems to me that the true
historian ought, in a similar fashion, to be glad to count himself
one of the numerous progeny of Herodotus. The picture-
frame stage of today with its electric lighting and elaborate ma-
chinery is about as different from the orchestra in which the two
actors of Aeschylus stalked on buskins and spoke their parts
through masks as the methods employed by the modern his-
torian to gather and sift his facts are from those used by He-
rodotus. But still, after all these centuries the prime purpose
of the dramatist is to interpret life through human action ex-
hibited on a stage, and the prime purpose of the historian is to
give a record of the past through the medium of written words.
The dramatist who constructed plays only for the enjoyment
^ of his fellow dramatists would be a laughing stock. Is the his-
torian who writes history only for the instruction of his fellow
historians any less a laughing stock ? Leave the public out of
your calculations, especially in this democratic age, and you are
sure to come to grief — whether you are an artist, or a scientist,
or a historian, or a political boss, or the president of a life-in-
surance company. If insensibility to the claims of the public
brings no other loss to the historian than the loss of knowledge
of men and of sympathy with them that characterizes all per-
sons of a preponderatingly academic type, the consequence will
be sufficiently serious. Does the professor-historian of the
present suppose that he can sit in his study year in and year out
and construct from the card index to his notes a satisfactory
account of Roman politics in the days of Caesar and Cicero ?
If he does, I should like with all due modesty to advise him to
take a few less notes and a little more interest in the politics of
his wArd, or else to cultivate his imagination by reading the
great novels and plays in which political scenes are depicted, and
to model his manner of presenting the results of his study upon
that of the men of letters he is wont to look down upon. Let
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 465
him be as scientific as he can in amassing his material^ but let
him remember that if he divorces history from present life on
the one hand and from literature on the other, he runs constant
risk of committing blunders of every kind and degree — blun-
ders of perspective, blunders in assigning motives, blunders in
comprehension of details.
Now what is the drift of these remarks if it is not toward a
warning against the creation among historians of what is called
in other fields of activity a mandarin class or caste. In criti-
cism, whether of literature or of the plastic arts, the past half
century has witnessed too many attempts on the part of men of
culture to hold thems^ves aloof as an elect body and to look
down on the public as uncultivated and therefore incapable of
passing judgment in matters literary and artistic. That the
public is capable of applying the principles and rules of techni-
cal criticism no sane man would affirm, nor is it any more capa-
ble of testing accurately the statements contained in the his-
tories and biographies it reads. But it is equally plain that the
poem, the drama, the novel, the picture,. the statue, the history,
the biography that holds the attention only of men of letters,
of artists, or of historians has failed of the largest and highest
purpose its author or creator can have — with the exception of
his desire to serve the cause of truth, beauty and good-
ness— I mean the purpose of adding to the information, the
moral elevation, and the aesthetic pleasure of the largest pos-
sible public — which is, after all, but the practical result of his
desire to serve the cause of truth, beauty, and goodness. This
means simply that the labors of the artist, the man of letters,
even the scientist ought not to be considered an end in them-
selves— that much at least of the dignity of such labors comes
from the fact that they advance the cause of civilization, that is,
redound to the advantage of every living man and woman and
of the generations yet to come. This is not to say that those
labors of the scientist or of the historian which result only in
experiments and researches and the writing of books and mono-
graphs in which the public can take no true interest are not neces-
sary and highly creditable. Countless specialists working in
their laboratories and libraries are needed to furnish the facts
from which constructive minds may develope the inventions,
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466 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
the discoveries, the theories, and the works of art, which, by
fostering the emotional and intellectual capacities of the race
make life better worth living. Thus, for example, the progress
of history is undoubtedly dependent upon the labors of archi-
vists, index-makers, collectors, archaeologists, antiquaries,
writers of articles and monographs, and last but not least, of
teachers of history and historical methodology, most of whom
must live and die unknown to the larger world of readers, un-
honored and uncomprehended save by their fellow workers.
They are engaged in the essential task of furnishing and
fashioning the stones of which the edifice is to be composed.
The architect will receive all or nearly all the praise, and in
this fact there is a certain injustice which is attributable, not to
human ingratitude, but to the finite capacity of the mind lor
remembering details. These unapplauded workmen are sus-
tained in their labors by their devotion to truth, by their love of
their work, and by the sympathy and commendation of their
fellow toilers. If however, they imagine, as some of them seem
to do, that the quarrying and polishing of stones — the discovery
and presentation of historical details — is an end in itself worthy
of benediction, they make, it would appear, a flagrant mistake.
Their labors must result in an edifice or they are in vain. And
the edifice must be well built, or shame rather than glory, loss
rather than profit will ensue. To drop my metaphors, history
in any true sense of the word, is not synonymous with historical
research and the materials it furnishes. It is based upon these
and in so far it has its affiliations with science; it is also indls-
solubly connected with literature, and with philosophy as the
latter term is broadly understood, and in so far it has its affilia-
tions with art and thought. It is well that this is so ; otherwise
we might be compelled to give assent to the clever generaliza-
tion contained in Anatole France's question ** Who does not
know today that the historians preceded the archaeologists as
the astrologists preceded the astronomers, as the alchemists pre-
ceded the chemists, as monkeys preceded men! " Here a lite-
rary man has amusingly turned the tables on the gentlemen who
abuse Robertson and Carlyle. The true "latter-day** scien-
tists are the archaeologists — those amiable destroyers of Pres-
cott's Aztec palaces and other historical creations ; who will
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 467
make the archaeologists '*seem old-fashioned/* M. France does
not venture to predict, and we may imitate his prudent reticence,
especially ii we concur with Professor Firth in believing that
history is both a science and an art, and if we have confidence
that these will continue to be two of the main foundation stones
of civilization,
We are now prepared, I hope — not, indeed, to indicate with
precision the relations between history and literature, for we
gave up the attempt to define these many-sided studies — but to
conclude that their relations need at no time be antagonistic and
may often with advantage be friendly. Neither those students
who hold that the historian's aims and methods must be en-
tirely scientific nor those who confine the term " literature" to
writings of an imaginative type can justly be said to take a
catholic point of view warranted by logic and by experience.
Almost from the earliest times an artistic presentation in written
words of the record of man's achievements has given the pleas-
ure that is denominated literary; hence history has been rightly
regarded as a branch of literature. For history to cease to be a
form of literature would mean a loss to that great body of books
which is probably the most important basis of the world's cul-
ture; it would also, as we have perceived, mean a loss to his-
tory itself through the inevitable narrowing of the historian's
appeal to his fellow men and of his grasp upon the facts of life
present and past. The historian must be more than a man of
letters, for if his work is to endure he must be a scientific inves-
tigator ; but in this respect he is no worse off than the dra-
matist, who truly to succeed, must master both the art of the
writer in verse or prose and the craft of the playwright, the man
who fits an action for representation on a stage. Both history
and the drama are more than literature ; both in their best
estate are literature. So it has always been ; so, unless the
the needs and capabilities of the race change greatly, may it
always be.
There are other aspects of this question that I should like
to discuss, but my time is drawing to a close. It would be
worth while to endeavor to show that much of the inaccuracy
that is charged against historians is due to the fact that they are
errant human beings and not to the methods of research and
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468 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
writing they employ. A narrow-minded man will do injustice
to the great figures of the past with whom he deals, whether or
not he try to follow scrupulously every precept contained in
that admirable compendium, Introduction to Historical Studies,
by Langlois and Seignobos. A skilled artistic historian, who
is at the same time a partisan, will unintentionally dissem-
inate errors which the labors of generations of scholars will not
suffice to dispel. Milton's conviction that a noble life is the
indispensable basis for every noble poem holds true, with mod-
ifications, of great history and great criticism, and, indeed, oi
every phase of man's dealing with his fellow man. Take, for
example, the important matter of assigning motives for conduct.
Will absolute accuracy with regard to the external features oi
our great Civil War enable any historian to describe that
struggle satisfactorily, if he imputes motives and feelings to the
leaders of either side which those who knew and fought with
them cannot accept as characteristic of the men ? Here, it
seems to me, we have a common ground on which historians of
all kinds can very profitably meet and join in a litany. **From
hasty and prejudiced judgments, good Lord, deliver us.'* Mr.
Hrllaire Belloc, in a recent article entitled "Ten Pages of
Taine,** has apparently shown how misleading is the portrait
that famous historian painted of Danton ; yet, in his paper, he
constantly argues that Taine was deliberately trying to deceive
his readers. Such a procedure suggests a man holding on to the
coat of another in rapid motion, and, while he is tugging and
calling "Stop thief," endeavoring to pick the pocket of the coat
he is clutching. I suppose that no honest biographer or his-
torian will refuse to confess that he would willingly blot out
many a line which he originally penned with all honesty of
intention and under the conviction that he had exhausted every
accessible source of pertinent knowledge. He has not grown
more honest and perhaps he has received no specific new
information of any importance ; he has only grown wiser and
more charitable through living, through fuller opportunities to
study his fellow men. Historians do not willingly cheat them-
selves and their readers, as one might infer to be their unhappy
custom, if one were to rely upon the charges and inuendoes of
their hostile, self-assertive critics ; but they sometimes seem
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THE RELATIONS OF HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 169
to make statements loose enough to warrant Carlyle's speaking
of history as *'a distillation of Rumour." They would escape
many such errors if they would resolutely avoid the imputation
of motives and also if they would suppress to a fair degree their
own egotism. For example, if Carlyle himself, as Professor
Morse Stephens tells us, had not been offended at the refusal of
the authorities of the British Museum to give him a working-
room to himself, he would doubtless have become far better
acquainted with the pamphlet literature of the French Revolu-
tion, with the probable result that he would have gained in
reliability without necessarily losing in picturesqueness.
But what in conclusion, (going back to our main theme), can
you as a historical society find of value in the conception of
history as in its best estate a branch of literature upon which I
have insisted throughout this discussion. It seems to me that,
if you accept this conception fully, several advantageous con-
sequences ought to follow.
As a society in its corporate capacity cannot produce a living
book, a true piece of literature, you will regard yourselves as
primarily concerned in scientific historical research and in pub-
lishing the results of such research — that is to say, as engaged
in ancillary labors rather than in what may be termed the
masterwork of construction. This is not to say that as individ-
uals you may not or should not have the hope and the intention
of contributing a chapter or a volume to the history of our na-
tive state which readers beyond Virginia's confines may be
glad to peruse. It means only that as a society your chief func-
tion is to encourage research, to collect documents and other
materials illustrating Virginia history, to publish such documents
as well as papers and books embodying the work of research,
and to foster in every way public interest in local historical
studies. But as a society you cannot well construct history in
the artistic or the philosophical sense of the term, and, this not
being your function, it follows that you can find no real justifica-
tion for limiting, hampering, or in any way endeavoring to
shape the work of those students who devote themselves to the
production of artistic or philosophical history. It is not, I con-
ceive, your function to say that you will collect materials that
throw light on one phase of our past, but will leave in oblivion
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470 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL. MAGAZINE.
materials that bring into relief manners or customs or institu-
tions with which you do not sympathize and the existence of
which you would willingly forget. Your prime purpose is to
furnish materials which shall assist in the determination of
historical truth, so far as there is such a thing as historical truth.
This means that your work is scientific in character and that
your standards and methods, whether of collection, or examina-
tion, or publication, should be scientific. Which of your so-
called facts or truths the literary or philosophical historian
selects or rejects in the composition of his narrative or treatise
is a matter that concerns you mainly or entirely in your indi-
vidual capacity as critics of his book. You should give him a
free hand, because to limit creative art or philosophical thought
is neither more nor less than to impede civilization ; it is to take
us a step backward toward the dark ages. You will limit art
and thought if you fail to furnish »them with the most ample
materials on which to work ; you will also limit them if you at-
tempt in the least to prescribe the manner in which they shall
handle their materials.
Your position is, I repeat, an ancillary one with regard both
to writers and thinkers on historical matters and to the general
public. The public has always turned, and I think always will
turn for its information to artists and thinkers who write rather
than to investigators or collectors or students or teachers who
are not endowed with special literary gifts. The artists and
thinkers must be investigators themselves, or else must rely up-
on the work of the latter, who thus stand at one remove from
the public, but are none the less popular benefactors.
In view of what I have just said you will not be surprised
when I add that I believe you can, as a society, in no better
way aid the cause of Virginia history than by increasing your
collection of books and manuscripts in every legitimate fashion,
by cataloguing it in the most minute manner, by indexing
unedited documents, and by giving students at a distance every
opportunity to use such of your materials as are not unique or
very rare. Perhaps no one feature of the astonishing develop-
ment of our national system of library management is more
remarkable than the system of inter-library loans, which is
gradually placing at the disposal of the student with proper
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THE RELATIONS OF . HISTORY AND LITERATURE. 471
credentials a large proportion ' of the entire stock of books
owned by the public libraries of the country. I should like to
see the day come when a student in the smallest village of
Virginia could secure at his home through the State Library
and the library of this society practically every book of impor-
tance having a bearing on our history as well as photographic
reproductions of every important document. A beginning of
this good work has already been made, and its completion is no
Utopian dream. I have no desire whatsoever to disparage the
importance of individual research and publication on the part of
the members of this or any other historical society ; I do not un-
derestimate the value of the genealogical work which such socie-
ties are wont to undertake; I recognize the usefulness and the
attractiveness of the studies in colonial history which some of
them have prosecuted almost to the total neglect of other periods
of history, but I do not hesitate to say that in my judgment the
first and most important work any historical society should
attempt is to develope and facilitate the use of its archives and its
library.
This means that collecting and cataloguing and indexing
and publishing and loaning whatsoever will aid the student of
history to prosecute his studies in whatever spot fortune has made
his home, will do more to stimulate the writing of history and to
encourage a public interest in history than the elucidation of a
thousand knotty points by a thousand acute scientific papers and
monographs can possibly do. Let us have the acute papers
and monographs by all means, but let us also have strong
corporate efforts to make possible the writing of dignified histor-
ical books and the spread of a love of history throughout the
masses of the people. If history is a science to be prosecuted
by professors and a few students and to be caviare to the public,
I wish it and them all success ; but I cannot perceive any very
solid ground on which State appropriations and individual
benefactions can be demanded or requested in order that the
scientists may pursue their studies under the best auspices.
But if, as I have tried to show, history is not only a science but
an art ; if it is a branch of literature, and as such an important
factor in the culture of the people at large, then it seems to me
that we are all, scientific students of history, writers of historical
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472 VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
narratives, philosophical historians, and readers of history and
biography, coworkers in one of the noblest of all tasks — the
task of preserving the memory of the deeds of our fathers for
the encouragement and the warning of ourselves and our chil-
dren and our children's children — to the end that civilization
may be advanced and the ways of God be justified to men.
The most sublime epic in all literature was written with this lofty
purpose, to **justify the ways of God to men," and, whether or
not the poet succeeded in his task, there can be but one opinion
as to the transcendant importance of his undertaking. If the
same lofty purpose is kept in view by all who deal with history,
there will be fewer attempts to divorce that great study from
literature, and every lover of his kind will be impelled to bid
**God speed " to you and to every other Society engaged in
historical labors.
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GENERAL INDEX.
Titles op Separate Articles are Indicated by Small Capitals.
Abbeville, 251
Abbott, 304, 306
Abergaveny, 222
Abemathy, loi
Abigton, 87
Abingdon, 438
Adams, 237, 264, 333
Admiralty, Court of, 139
Accomac county, 94, 315. 3^* 390i
Aeon, 320
Age, 67-80
Agenby, 441
Ager. 198, 275
A3:erest, 405
Aisentil, 329,
Aislabie, 445
Alaigre, 65, 66
Albarny, 5, 15, 124, 136, 292
Albany, Treaty of, 15
Albemarle, 143, 144
Albertson, 446
Aldermen, 215
Aldey, 322
Aleman, 217
Alexander, 211. 311, 333, 431
Alexandria, 428, 434
Alexandria, bank at, 434
Alexandria Marine Ins. Co., 432
Algate, 304
Aliander, 439
Alien and Sedition Laws, 429
Allan, 429
Alleghany, 26, 253, 282, e^ seq. 361
Allen. 35, 37, 94, 95, 107, 191, 193,
196, 197. 3", 327, 334, 352, 353,
42?
Allierd, 67, 80
AUiguippe, 157
Allonby, 95
Alsope, 408
Alsop, 428
Alvin, 414
Alyngton, 439
Amelia, 16
American Ship Planter, 430
Americans at Eaton in Co-
lonial Days, 209, et sea,
Americans of 1776. By James
Schouler. Review, 450
Amherst co., 45, 416
Amherst 00. Petition for Ferry in
1775. 416 et seq.
Amis, 401
Ammoloynker, 258
Ammunition, 168, 241
Amonet, 65, 66, 67-80, 175-189,
265, 280
Anderson xx, 11, 19, 37, 40, 47,
^ 94. loi, 313, 346
Andre, Remarks on, 410
Andrews, 96, 315, 316, 352
Anger, 320
Annapolis, 210, 449
Antietam, 120, 290
Apalatian, Mts, 113, et seq
Aplewhite, 63
Apothecaries, 338
Applewhite, 95
Appomattock, 58
Appomattox river, 294
Arataswa, 243
Archers Hope, 390
Arlington, 317
Armour. 327
Arms, 403, 405
Armstrong, 333
Army, 204
Arrisoe Coverlet, 307
Arryes, 404
Artillery, 210
Arondal, 26
Arundel, 58, 107, iii
Ashby, 289
Ashfield, 177, et seq., 181
Ash more, 444
Assaregoa, 125, 170
Assienby, 441
Aston, 54
Atkins, 409
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VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Atkinson, 87
AttakullakuUa, Cherokee Chief,
note on, 245
Attwode, 440
Atwoode, 441
Aubrey 95
Augusta, 365, 366
Augusta Co., II, 12, 93, 114, 139,
143, 227-264, 283, 297, 351. 353
Augusta county, first settlement
of, 360, et seq
Ausber^ur, 366
Austin ville, 21
Avery, 313
Awkir, 93
Ayot, 61
Ayres, 191
Bacon, 17, 54, 61
Bacons Bridge, 93
Baden, 287
B^idditigtciti, 310
Baker, 195, 414
Balcony Falls, 11
Baldttfjn, 335
Baliol^ 209
Ball 94,35^.351
Ballandine, j8
Ballard. 63
Batienger 364, 367
Ballinger 2S9
Ballew 439
Br*ni>*iVs, 207
Baltimore, 426, 449
Baltimore, (Lord), 290, 391, 399,
426
Banks, 417, 433, 434
Bank of Potomac, 434
Bank of Va., 433. 434
Banister, 338, 441
Baptist Church, 427
]■-. . !.',454
Barbadoes, 427
Barber, 94
Bardose, 93
Bardwell, 191
Barkham, 191
Barker, 196
Barking ch.,62
Barliiy Loft, 310
Barlington, 334
Barlone, 351
Barlow, 20
Barham, 308
Barksdale, X
Barnabe, 303, 305
Bamabe, Richard, will (1636) with
note, 303
Barnabvj 304
Barnarti, 209, 210
Barnard Castle, 327
Barnecombe VVlssmore, 199
Bam fields 310
Harnes, 96
Barney, 413
Barret, 47, 48
Barron, 348
Bartlett, 307
Barton, 402
Bass, 399
Basse, 400
Basleham, 191
Bassnett, 202,
Bates, 206, 335
Bath, 98
Bath and Wejls, 107
Batt, 94
Batley, 442
Batts, 309
Batting bands, 305'
Battles, 173
Batom, 67,A)
Barbadoes, 336, 343, 379, 402
Baugh, 58
Baugh, land grants to, 58
Bau^hman, vi
Baulke, 409
Bavaria, 447
Bawdrepe, 108
Bawson, 439
Bayler, 427
Baylor, loi
Bayly, 55
Bayne, vi.
Baysalt, 397
Bayse, 433
Baytop, 313
Beale, 430
Bear, 296, 361
Bear Lithia Spring, 296
Beauchamp, 105
Bearer, 155
Bebee, 333
Becker, 375
Beckner. 341
Becknell. vi.
Bed clothes, 387
Beddman, 221
Bedford, 18, 45, 260, 283, 322, 434
Bedinger, 414
Bedlam, 349
Bedman, 440
Bee, 63
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INDEX.
475
Beecke, 309
Beeson, 289
fiekyh^m, 321
Beldcin, 335
Beler, 181, eiseq,
Bel field, 202
Belgium, 336
Bell. 427
Bellingham, 445
Belly. 68-80
Bely. 175-189
Bender, 93
Bengal, 212
Benger, loi
Beniman, 315, 316
Benin, 67-80, 175-189
Bennett, 397
Beniley, 313
Benton, 273
BtTi^hjri.!. ro^
Berkeley Co., 357, 4"» 4^5
Berkeley Co., contested election,
Berkeley Co., petition ol freehold-
ers of 775. 412 ^/j^^.
Berkeley Co., S. C, 21c
Berry, 425
Berwick, 419, 423
Best, J50
Bethel 1. 442
Beverley, 594, 116, 121, 123, et seq.
130. 136, 141, 145. 173. 290, 326
356. 431
Beverley Manor, 123
Bevan, 340
Bevington, 310
Bermuda Hundred, 58
Bermuda Hundred Neck, 58
Bermudas, 397
Bernar, 266-280
Bernard. 67-80, 175-189
Berouth, 201
Berwick, 328
Bible, 145, 269
Big^e, 56, 348
Bilbo, 68-8o, 175-189, 265-280
Billeter Lane, 304
Billiard, 62
Billion, 440
Billmires, 414
Binford, 37, 39
Bingley, 181, 279
Bioret, 67-80, 175-189
Birch, 4oi5
Birney, vi
Biscoe, 197
Bishop, 335, 414
Bishopsgate, 54
Bishop's hill, 445
Bishops Kyngsbury, 440
Bixby, 334, 335
Bixley, 106
Black. 141, 142
Blackford, 414, 436
Black Friars, 408
Blaknotte, 439
Black p^eople, 67 -So
Black river, 93
Blacksburg, 145
Blackw^ater Swamp, 58
Piack water. 7. 290, 310
Blagrave, 203, 204
Blagrave, Thomas, will (1688) with
note, 203
li la {J lie, 404
Blair, 20, 23^ 431
Biatiiyer, 321
Blanchard, 59, 197
Bland, 48 209
Bland Be Id, 431
Blankenbaker, 364, 366, 367
Blanev, 290-302
Blanton.87
Bleamire, 403
■ Blene, 415
Blessed Margaret, 107
HUrssiir^ Ship, 192
Bloodworth. 296
Bloomeries, 368
Bloxsom, 47
Blue Ridge, i, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11. 115,
282, et seq.' $$2, et seq, 357, 361
Blunt, 27
Bly, 57. 58
Bly, John, will (1664), with note, 57
Blythewode, 439
Bobbing, 222
Bocard, 278
Boden, 306
Boiling, ix, 215, 229. 358
Bonds, 417
Bondurant, 67-80, 175-189
Bonny, 417
Borden, 333
Boogher^ 227, 282, 288
Books, 305-405. 408. 430
Book Reviews:
Americans of 1776, by James
Schouler, 450
An Introduction to the Re-
cords of the Va. Company
of London, by Susan M.
Kingsbury, 447
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476
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Documentary Hist, of Dun-
more's War, 1774, 332
History of Nathaniel Evans
and his Descendants, 336
History of North America, Vol.
xvii. The Rise of the New
South. By P. A. Bruce, 329
et seq, !
Journals of the House of Bur- I
gesses of Virginia, 1773-76,
330, et sea. 1
Maryland Calendar of Wills. |
Vol. ii, 1685-1702. By Jane
Baldwin, 450
Maryland Historical Mafi^azine
published by the Maryland
Historical Society, 440
Mississippi Territorial Ar-
chives, 1798-1803, 449
Some of the Descendants of
Samuel Converse Jr., 334 et
seq.
The Ancestry' of Rosalie Mor-
ris Johnson, 335 et seq.
Woods-McAfee Memorial, 333
et seq.
Boone, 333
Booth, 57, 218, 307, 313
Borch, 77
Borden, 352
Border Warfare, 264
Borgars, 68
Boston, 334
Boston Heights, 288
Boswell, 308, 313
Botetourt, 18, 23, 27, 28, 30 34, 129,
174
Botetourt, Lord, Instructions to
Lewis and Walker, 1769, 28,
etseq.
Bottes, 68-80
Bottler, 181
Bough, 57, 320
Boulcher, 192
Boulteel, 303
Bourche, 19-'
Bowes, 327, 328
Bows and Arrows, 254
Bowles, 39, 96
Bowling, 94
Bowling Green, 426
Bowling Green Jockey club, 426
Bowman, 123. et seq. 350
Bowyer. 45, 46, 94, 208, 333
Boyds Hole, 428
Boyle, 152
Boyse, 55
Brafferton, 151
Braddock, 227
Bradley, 37, 39, 77, 176 189, 193, 201
Bradshaw, 195, 311
Brakenbrugh, 442
Brian, 269
Branch, 57
Branderton, 406
Brandon, 211
Brandy wine, 411
Braintree, 193
Brasses (Brent), in
Brassier, 95
Brass Kettle, 157
Bray, 94.
Brayer, 65, 80, 175, 189
Brayton, 325
Brean, 67
Breastplates, 155
Breesford, 408
Bremo. 55
Brent, 105, 112, 219, 222, 318, 324,
435. 441
Brent, Andrew, will (1475), 439
Brent, Brasses and Effigies, 1 1 1
Brent Family, 105 et seq., 219
et seq., 318, et seq., 435 ^^ ^^9-
Brent, Giles, will (1616) 109
Brent, John, Epitaph (1691), in
Brent, John, will (1524^ 108
Brent, John, will (1651), 109
Brent, John and Wife ; Effigies
(1500) Illustration, in
Brent, Margaret, will (1474), 440
Brent, Robert, will (149 1), 320
Brent, Robert, will (1508), 107
Brent, Roger, will (1616), 439
Brent, Stephen, will, (1580), no
Brent, William, will (1494), 440
Brent, William, will (1496), 319
Brenton or Brent Town, 61
Breynton. 98
Britt, 309, 405
Brian, 68
Bricklayer, 309
Bridgewater, 107, in
Briel, 365
Brigadiers, 340
Briggewater, 108
Briggs, 306
IJrily, 348
Brinstead Co., Southampton, 59
Brington, x
Brittle well, 59
Britton, 414
Bristol, 197, 308, 310
Bristow, 59, 310
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
477
Bristow, Robert, will (1707) with
note, 59
Bristow Sta.. 61
Broadcloth, 56
Broadhead, 343
Broad River, 227
Brocas, 387
Brock, 143
Broderick, 112
Bro^reve, 321, 322
Broil, ^65, 370, 372
Bromneld, 196
Brompton, 327
Brooke, xxii, 100-104, 109, 114, 144,
197, 223, 224. 313, 353, 358, 431.
445-449
Brooke Family, 100 et seq,, 223
et seq., 445 et stq,
Brooke, Humphrey, will, 1763, 102
Brooke. John, will 17S8, 100 j
Brooke, Robert, will, 1778, 103 I
Brooke, Robert Jr., will (1790) 225, I
226
Brousse, 67, 80 I
Brown, 127, 197, 200, 224, 309, 336, \
375, 387, 415, 426. 427, 429, 434
Browning, 321 1
Bruce, 54, 329, 330, 333
Bruger, 343 ,
Brumbach, 367, 370 ■
Brunswick, 3-8, 14, 136, 281
Brunswick county, note on, 281, et
seq. i
Brupecker, 122
Bruton Parish, 64 '
Bryan, xxii, loi, 127, 130, 352 ,
Bryarte, 306
Bryer, 180
Bryers, 280
Bryol, 365, 367
Bub with, 307
Buchan, 81-87
Buchanan, 12, 13, 333
Buchanan, James. How Made
President. By J. A. Parker,
81 et seq.
Buchery Green, 309
Buckingham. 104
Buckinj^hamshire, 306
Buck Horn Swamp, 7
Buckner, 311
Bucks Co , Pa., 289
Buckson, 94
Buflfaio, 361
Buffalo Mts,, 297
Buker, 414
Bullerin, 435 I
Bulliphant, 439
Bull Run, 426
Bulton, 398
Bunce, 404
Bnnhill Feilds, 59
Burch, 136
Burchett, 309
Burden, 351
Burdett, 315, 316
Burford, 109. 417
Burgcj^se^, vii, 48, 63, 84. 94, 139-
174, 193. 330, 332, 356,393, 398
Burgesses fees, 393
Hurgt*f^se:>, House of, list of mem-
b<.^rs. 1 69 1, 94
Burke, 61
Burke Co., Ga., 91
Burkshall, 325
Burleigh, 442
Burnett. 5, 400
Burnett's Hills, 26
Burnham, 55, 308
Burr, 414
Burrows, vi
Burton, 37, 39, 394
Burwell, 117, 209, 313, 428
Burwell, James at Eton, 210
Burwell, Lewis at Eton, 209
Butcombe, 310
Butler. 93, 333
Button, 380
Bylham, 321
Byrd, i, 27^262. 2^2 et seq,, 290, 368
Byrd, William ( 3d) note on 229
Hyrkyll, 107
Byrtby, 326
Byschford, 107
Cabell, 213
Cabot, 88
Cm-assehon, 131
Cahnowas-Konow, 131
Caius, 7 1 0-2 1 2
Caius Coll., 209
Cahimets, 154
Calvert, 211, 336, 391
Calvet, 67 80, 176-189
Cambridge, 209, 212, 315,376
Cambuley, Kng., 95
Cameron, 29. 418
Camp. 313
Camphrlf. XV, 48, 333, 350, 420,427
Camp Charlotte, 332
Camp meeting, 434
Canada, 1-2, 136, 152, 397
Canada creek, 26
Candarngack, 393
Cannon, 342
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478
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Cannon balls, 218
Canoes, 157
Canon, 364
Canter, 93
Canterbury, xiii, 57, 106, 322, 383,
387, 388
Cape Fear, 93
Caperton, 333
Capon, i^r
Capon River, 286
Caprons, 319
Carleton, 48-49
Carlisle, 402
Carnegie, 353
earner, 182 et seq.
Caroline, 143, 145, 198, 427, 43i, 432,
433
Carpenter, 133, 372
Carriages, 313, 314, 397
Carriage Owners, Gloucester
County, 1784, 313 et seq,
Carrington, 207, 336
Carrol, 250
Carter, 37, 38, 39, 94, 114, 116, 128,
212, 286, 354, 360, 433, 434, 442
Carthagena, xv
Carthusian Monastery, 442
Cartington, 327
Cartes, 425
Cartridges, 342
Carver. 309
Cary, 95, 310, 3 1 3, 403
Caskie, 86
Cass, 85
Cassatarromen, 308
Catawba Indians, xv, 3, 8, 9, 11,
13, 16, 115, 225, et seq. 226-264
Catawba Indians note on, 8, 9, 11,
227
Catawba town. 226, et seq.
Catlett, 101, 102, 193. 194. 313
Cattle. 56, 151, 400, 404
Cawthorne. 404
Cayuga, 2, 15, 27
Cecil Co., Md , 127
Cedar elk., 133
Cedar Creek, 119, 131, 133
Cedar Lick, 116
Cenley, 425
Chadwick, 91
Chaises. 313, 314
Challis, 309
Challoke, 320 *
Chamberlayne, vi, viii, 437
Champ, 426
Champion. 390
Champlain, 136
Chan, 278
Chandler, vi, 272, 275, 276,309,310
Chandler. Edward, will (1657,) 309
Chantry, 219
Chapman, 67-80
Chareson, 178-189
Charing Church, 435
Charing Church, Kent, Eng.
Illustration, 322
Charing, Kent, 220, 318-324
Charity school, 430, 433
Charity ship, 378
Charles Co., 54
Charles City Co., 16, 54, 55, 391
Charles river, 307, 308, 391
Charles river, land given to sett-
lers on, 307
Charles ship, 378
Charlestown, 21, 230, 350
Charlotte Co., 45, 283
Charlton, 176-189. 315-316
Chastain, 65, 67-80, 175-189, 267-
280
Chatham, 21^
Chatsworth, 228
Chaumont, 200
Chelemford, 53, 54
Chelsey, 407
I Chendler, 269
Chennghiata, 27
Cherokee Indians, xii, xv, 20-36,
139-174, 220,225, et seq.,2ti,
264, 359,
Cherokee Indians, note on, 227
Cherokees and Catawbas as allies
of the English Colonies in the
French and Indian war, 225,
et seq.
Cherokee Indians, Treaties
WITH Virginia, 1768, 1770,
20, et seq.
Cherokees and Virginia Trea-
ties, 1768, 1770, ly^s^tseq.
Chesapeake, 128.
Cheseago, 174
I Chesley, 64
Chesley, Philip, will (1675) with
note, 63
Chestnut 11 ill. 430
I Chester, 251, 289, 312.350, 404, 443
I Chester Co., Pa., 127
Chesterfield, 37, 190
I Chester's Gap, 115 ^
I Chew, 7, 114, 308, 351, 354
Chickahominy, 64
Chickahominy Indians, 390
Chicahominy Swamp, 36, 37
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
479
Chiefs or Sachems, 141-174
Chillington, 200
Chilton, 219, 222, 435
Chiskiack, 389
Chisman, 404
Chiswell, 32, 135, 352, 353
Chiswell mine, 21
Chippawa, 241,
Cholmondeley, 51
Clioto, 258
Chrisome, 304
Christenings, 397
Christian, 37, 38, 39, 439, 440
Christiana, 37
Christ iftna Fort, 9
Christ's College, 211
Chunoyounkkee^ 258
Chupahaw, 243
Churches, no, 265 et seq., 295, 315
et seq.
Church of St. Andrews, 440
Church of St. Edmund, 440
Church of St. Peter and Paul, 435
Churchill, 94
Church Wardens, 1 79-1 81, 265-280,
397
Chyltham, 321
Cincinnati, Society of the, 434
Circutntiiij; Library, 433
Clanhorn (Cornwall) in
Clare Hall, 306
Clarehall Chapel, 305
Clapham, 129
Clappum, 204
Clarke, xxii, 13, 18, 117, 303, 333
Clay borne, 298. 348, 390, 391, 393,
394. 400, 449, 450
Clayton, 203
Clements, 193
Cleopatra (Indian), 394
Clergymen, 41
Clifden, 198
Clifton, 198, 408
Clinton, 16
Clive, 106
Cloak, 414. 439
Cloak, furred, 440
Clore, 365, 366, 372
Cloth^^, 70, 241, 305
Cluveriu^, 3 3
Cobbler, 370
Cobb, «5
Cobbs, 196, 288, 358
Cockayne, 308
Cocke, 37, 39, 55, 195
Code, 54
' Cohongaratron, 127, 129-130, 137,
353
Colchester, 54
Coleman, 62, 93, 303, 309, 335
Collenses, 93
Collier, 313
Collingtree, 203
Collins* 48-49
Collinson, 07, 'in
Colman, 304
Colonial Council, 113
Culumbell, 92
Combe maker, 307, 340
Commissary of Bp. of London, pay
of, 51
Communion plate, 317
Compton, 201
Conacocheague, 129, 290
Conai, 131
Conaquieso, 27
Conasetego, 160
L*jmlukJ, 45, 312
Conecakigh, 130
Conecock Path. 58
Conestoga, 124
Congeree, 93
Congressional Library, 116
Conier, 308
Conjurors Neck, 358
Connecticut, 347
Conogart'cra, 74
Conoy Indians, 132, 357, 359
Conoy Indians, note on, 132
Constable, 325
Contempt of Court, case of, 1730,
213 et seq.
Converses, 334, 335
CoNVKRSE, Samuel, Jr., Some of
THK I tKSCENDANT^ OF. By C.
\ r . ■ : I rse Re vii_'^\ , 334 et seq,
Conway, 339, 340, 425, 431, 432
Conway River, 115
i Convers, 327
' Coghan, 144
Cooke. 62, 101. 313, 365*366,367,
37^^ 376*404, 4 J 7, 439
Cook son, 403
Coonay, 357 et seq.
Coons, 103. 370, 414
Cooper, 447
Copley, 2CO, 442
Copper, 397
Coppinger, 306
Corbin, xv, 51-53
CoRBiN Papers, 51 et seq.
Corbin Rich'd, Public money in
hands of, 1775, 424
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480
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Corlaer's Lake, 136
Corn, 294, 395. 4oo
Corn, price of, 1631, 400
Corn^ price of, 173I1 65
Cornick, 203
Comocke, ^04
Cossington, 105^ 112, 436
CosfitNGTON Lodge, Illustration,
CossiNGTON Rectory, Illustra-
tion, 112
Cotton, 315, 433
Commerculogo, 257-262
Council and General Court
Records, Notes from, 389
Council Orders, 9^389, 362
Council of War, 63
Counltes, Formation of, 391
County Clerk, 95
County Courts, 391
Coursey, 15
Court Martial, 340, 341 350i
Court, 393
Courts^ Commission for, 1628, 400
Coventry, 307
Cowel, 324
Cowetans, 241
Cowherd, 417
Cowley, 205
Cownsagiet, 174
Cow Pasture, 114
Cowpens, 93
Cows, 311
Cox, 310, 417
Coyle, 415
Crabbtree, 93
Cradock, 394, 449
Craj?had, 181
Craig, 446
Craighill, 449
Crane, 306
Craven, 326
Crawford, 333
Crawley, 15
Creuk Nation^ 23
Crekyn, 220
Crenshaw, vi
Cresap, 153
Cresup, 147
Crewkern, 108, 112, 144
Crews, or Cruse, 54, 55, 4^7
Crips, 222
Crockett, 64
Croghan, George, note on, 158
Croghan, 43
Crooked Run, 366
Croom, 279
Cropper, vi
Crow, 414
Crowly, 221
Crown Pt, 136
Crump, 39
Cruse, ^
Crutchfield, 37, 39
Cuckolds, 343
Culpeper, 102
Cunningham, xvi, 408
CullonghcuUa, 256, 262
Culp, g3
Culpeper, 106, 284, 35i» 35^, 360,
427, 429. 43 ^ 433» 434
Cumberland, 93
Cumberland creek, 144
Cumberland Gap, 252
Curell, 195
Curls. 358
Currency, 37, 52, 61, 62, 72, 87, 122,
183, 191, 281, 306, 307, 311. 378
Curry, 333
Currypool, 106, 108, 112
Curtis, 305, 351
Curwen, 445
i Custis, 317
I
I Dabney, xvi, 208, 337, 35°
■' Dabnev, Col. Charles, 337
I Dabonle, 17
I Dade, 4^7
I Dai nger field* 333
1 Dale, 192
I Dalryniple, 428
i Dalton, 97
! Danby. 327, 375
Dancing school, 425
Dandridge, viii-ix
Daniel 431
Darcy, 326
Dardes, 306
Darke, 414
Darneton, 326
Darpet, 91
D'Auvergne, 96
Davenish, 307
David, 268-280
Davids, 427
Da vies, 215. 264. 307, 333, 408, 416
Davis, 47, 81, 87, 9i» 97, 253, 307.
3'7
; Davy, 308
I DawbeV, 375, 394
! Dawes, 322
I Dawson. 51, 52, 441, 443
I Day, 429
I Dead Lane, 309
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
481
Deane, 307
Deaths, xvi
Debnam, 313
DeCalb, 338, 342, 344
DeCourcy, ri2
Dedman, 333
Deekins, 67-80
Deep Creek, 300
Deering, 105
Deer, 361
Deer skins, 29
Dejamette, 375
De LaFay*;tte, 342, 344
De a Ford 105, jrS
De \.^ W^rr. f Lord,) 397
Delaware bay. 400
Delaware Indians, 9, 24, 64, 115,
155, 164. 239, 423^
Delaware Indians, deposition in
regard to, 1775, 425 e/ seg.
Delegates, House of, 427, 432
Deniband, 105, 220, 436
Denny, 402
Dep, 273
Depp, 176 e/ seg.
De Popham, 112
De Red vers, 112
Dertng ;^3 2 319
DerranI, 32
Dervisses corner, 21
DervvciUw.itt^r, 327
Desk, 405
De Soto, 137
Devon, 221
Dewall, Edward, will (1640,) with
note, 204
Dewer, 404
De VVolftf, 446
Dick, 93
Dickens, 176-189
Dickenson, 47
Dickson, 317
Digues, 140, 221
Dikins, 175-189
Dilkins, 175-189
Dilsonf, 179-189
Dilston, 327
Dine, 68-80
Dine, 180-182
Dingley, 63
Dinwiddie, xv, 34, 143, 152, 153,
225 e^ seq.
Dinwiddie, Governor, Instructions
to Randolph and Byrd, 1756,
2^2 et seq.
Dinwiddie, Governor, Letter, 1756,
to Colonels Randolph and Byrd
228 e( seq,
D\ Vemai, 112
Divorce Case of in Va., 1694, 202
Dixon, 48, 103, 427
Dobbs, 202, 231
Dolman, 442
Dona, 88
Donof, 441
Doremus, 91
Dormer, 405
Dorset, 1 10, 375, 378, 405, 436
Dorset, Earl of, 397
Douglas. 86
Dover Castle, 222
Dowlas, 54
Drakes, Agnes, will (1501), 321
Draper, 204-205, 304
Draper, Elizabeth, will (1625) with
note, 204
Draper's Meadow, 145, 252
Drew, ,97, 3.5, 3 6
Drinking Pols, 440
Drummers, 346
Drysdale, 115, 124
Ducre, 67, 80
Dudley, 181
Duels, 425
Duerai, 68
Duke, 320
Dulaney. 210, 211
Dulany, Daniel, at Eton, 210
Dull, 414
Duncanson, 427
Dunlop, 446-447
Duncan, 333
Dunkard's Bottom, 253
Dunmore, 48, 50, 52, $3. 332. 420
Dunmore, Lord, to Rich'cf Corbin,
1775.52
Dl'nmork's War, 1774, Docu-
mentary History of Wis.
Hist. Society, review, 332
Dunn, 333
Duponso, 342
Duping. 65-66-67, 80. 175-189, 265-
280
Durham, 217, 327, 442
Durrett, 333
Dutch Blanketing, 231
Dutoi, 67-80
Dutoy, 265 et seq,
Dutch, 287
Duval, 104, 224, 313 .
Dwelling, 433
Dymoke, 442
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482
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Eagle's Nest, 433
Eause. 313
Eare, no
Earle, 56
Earls Hall, 60
Eastern Shore Chapel, ix
Eastern View, 229
Eastertide, 398
Easthams, 351
East Marches, 327
East Smithfield, Eng., 306
Eastville, 317
Eaton, 231, 308
Eaton-on-usk, 327
Eckenrode, 425
Economy, 144
Eden, 212
Edgecombe, 335
Edgefield, 251
Eddows, 438
Education, 173, 209 et seq., 250
Edwards, xvi, 136, 145, 200, 304
Effigies, 'v Brent), Reverse, no
Effingham, 15, 125, 357
Efford, Peter, will (1665,) with
note. 195
Eghnisara. 165
Elenden, 320
Election returns, 430
Elizabeth City, 55, 60, 62, 95, 305,
391, 405
Elizabeth, (Queen,) 105
Elizabeth River Parish, 426
Elk, 361
Elk Run, 296
Elkton, n8, 296
Ellerton, 442
Elliott, 95-99. 447
Elliott, General Roger, portrait of,
to face p., 96
Elliott, General Roger, note on,
95 et seq.
Ellis, 313
Elmhurst, 99
Elm Tree, 21
Elsoan, 181
Ely, Bishop of, 385
Elys, 321
Embrey, 136
Emmanuel College, Cambridge,
14.S
Endler, 414
Engel, 414
England, 57, 336, 385-400
English money, 403
English Traders, 158
Engursara, 174
Enlers, 414
Eppes, 37, 39
Eps, 94
Epitaphs :
John Brent and wife (i500>,
John Brent (1691), ni
Mrs. Martha Martin, (1738), 199
Thos. Nelson, (1745), 403
Edward Porte us (1700); Robert
Porteus(i758), 312
Erskine, 94
Esopus, 115
Essex county, 18, 53, 104. 114, 128,
144, 220, 224, 318, 365. 394
Est i toe, 32
Ethnology, (American), 144
Eton, 209, 210, 212, 376
Eton College, Americans at
I IN Colonial Days, 209 etseq.
Etonians, 209-212
I Eure, 442
Evans, 15, 152
Evans, Nathaniel, and his De-
scendants, History of. By
J. VV. Evans. Review, 336
Ewecross, 445
Ewell, 430
j Ewing, 352
Exeter, 436
Exton, 203
Eyre, 317
Eyton, 310
Fairfax, 94, 115, 128, 134, 283, 289.
297, 354-360, 374
Fairfax Line, 297
Fans, 37, 39
Farley, 408
Farley, Susannah, will (1656) 408
Farley, Vale, 51-53
, Farmer. 343
Farrand, 144
Farrar, 394
Farrellchild, 56
Farrers, 298
Farsi. 67-80
Faucin, 56
Fauntleroy, 102, 104, 309
Fauquier, 18, 22, 103, 433
Fauquier Co., 229
Faure, 65, 66, 67, 80, 175-189, 224,
266 280
Fawcett, 431
Febiger, 346, 348, 349
Federalists, 430, 431
Feld, 109
Felgate, 64, 192, 329
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
483
Female Ins., 433
Fenchurch, 59
Fenwick, 325.
Ferrar, 306
Ferrer, 306
Ferrick 62,
Ferries, 37, 39, 60, 416
Feu de joie, 342
Feed, 197, 313, 335, 351
Fielding, Eppa, Revolutionary
diary of, 1782, 92 etseq,
Fife, xiii
Filson, 333
Finch, 39, 390
Finch, Henry, Secretary State, 390
Fink, 414
Finlason, 351
Finn, 416
Fire Arms, 157
Fire in Fredericksburg, 429
Fish, 157
Fishback, 132, 134, 367, 369, 370
Fisher, 197, 402
Fishing Creek, 94
Fitz-Gamelin, 112
Fitzhugh, 211, 229, 427
Fitzhugh, George Lee Mason, at
Eton, 211
Five Nations, (Indians,) i, 3, 8, 9,
137, 286, 357 €t seq.
Five Nations, note on, 5, 6, 9, 11,
12, 13, 16, 357-358
Flatheads, 292
Fleetwood, 405, 406
Fleetwood, Edward, (1609,) with
note, 405
Fleming, 212, 213
Fleshman, 365, 367
Flippin, 176-189
Florida, 23
Florinoir, 77, 175--189
Florghin, 417
Flournoy, 27 1-- 280
Fluelling, 409
Fluvanna, 416
Fly (ship), 89
Foissin, 210
Fontaine. 114, 313
Forbes, 261
Ford, 107, 195
Fores, Scotland, 104
Fork Union, 14
Forney. 82
Forsyih, 333
Forts. 148, 389
Fort Duquesne, 261
Fort Christiana, 286, 292
Fortescue. 95
Fort London, 228, 245, 261
Fort Pitt, 26, 158, 352
Fortre, 303
Fort Stanwix, 26, 27
Fort Stanwix, Treaty of, 23 et seq
Fort Stephen, 207
Fost, 417
Foster, 144, 196, 209. 313, 333
Fouls, 405
Fountaine, 425
Fountains, 326
Fourqueran, 176, 189
Fowey, 212
Fowke, 119
Fowlis, 311
Fox, 48. 136, 201, 309, 313
Foxcroft, 317
Foxley, 191
France, 341
France, Treaty with, Celebra-
bration of in \^f6 at Valley
Eorge, 341 etseq,
Frances, 212
Francisco, 104, 120, 224, 445
Franklin, 27, 417
Franks, 336
Frazier, 428
Freeke, 407
Freeman, 59
Frederick Co., 117, 119, 127, 731,
286, 297, 561
Frederick (ship), 57
Fredericksburg, 48, 87-90, 114 et
seq, 35', 363* 3^8, 428, 433, 434
Fredericksburg Academy, 425-432
Fredericksburg Charity School,
428, 430, 431
Fredericksburg Dancing Assem-
blies, 431
Fredericksburg Female Charity
School, 431
Fredericksburg Fire Co , 429
Fredericksburg, Va., Gazette^ 1787-
1803, Memoranda from, 425 et
seq
Fredericksburg Theatre, 428
Freeholders, 412
Freke 308
French, 224-264
French Indians, 2-16, 153
French King, 161
French School. 425
French War, 264
French and Indian War, Indians
in, 225 et seq, 264, 282
Freshet in James River, 1786, 215
Digitized by
Google
484
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Friend, 33
Friends, 289
Frome, 112
Front Royal, 115, 132, 289, 360
Fulden, 192
Furniture, 57, 63, 192
Fur Petticoat, 408
Fry, 49» M3, 146, I47-I74, 252, 368
Fry, Joshua, note on, 144
Fyneux, 320
Gabriers Insurrection, 430
'^ichet, 333
Gadsi, 179-189
Gale, 328
Gallasay, 87
Gallopin, 390
Galudoghson, 14
Ganawese, 357
Ganing, Petition vs., 1775, 47
Ganton, 442
Garber, 374
Gardner, 57, 311
Garland, 313
Garnett, 48, 10 1
Garter, 322
Gary, 336
Gase, 181
Gast, 427
Gates. 197, 375» 394, 414. ,^
Gates, Sir Thos., estate in Va., 393
Gates, Sir Thomas, Report on his
estate, 1639, 375
Gates Co., N. C, 446
Gatesville, 446
Gatewood, 416, 417
Gathright, 37, 39
Gatling, 446
Gatree, 303
Garam, 77, 265 et seq.
Garin, 175-189
Gay, ix
Gayle, 428
Geatis, 309
Geading, 221
Genius of Liberty. 430
Gentt, 4»5
Ge irge, 209
George, ship, 378
Georgia, 23, 426
Gerard, vi
Germanna, 1 14-139, 294, 3^2, 434
Germanna, Ferry, 366
Germanna, German settlement at,
362 et seq.
Germans in Spotsylvania Co., court
orders in regard to, 364 et seq;
proofs of immigration, 367 et
seq.
Germans in Virginia, 1 15-135, 281
et scq.y 283 et seq., 286 ei seq.,
295 et seq., 395 et seq , 354, 374
Germans Mountain Road, 365
Germantown, 411
Germany, 287, 336
Gerveys, 439, 440
Gettaker, 191
Gholson, 415
Gebliet, 177-189
Gibson, 202, 350, 423, 424
Gifford, 200
Gilbert, 335
Giles, 238, 417
Gillenaters, 417
Gillet, 309
Gilliard, 93
Gilman, 340
Gilson, 309
Girdles, 439
Gissing, 56
Gist, r43
Givendall, 326
Givodan, 279
Glascow, 88
Glasses, 405
Glastonbury, 105
Glebe Land, 315
Glen, 227, 251
Gloucester Co., 17, 18, 55, 61, 94,
128, 138, 209, 312
Gloucester County, Carriage
Owners in 1784, 313 et seq.
Gloucestershire, 63
Glover, 325, 338, 344
Glynne, 323
Goanie, 99
Goare, 409
Gobion, 220, 318
Godbold, 336
Godefrith, 440
Godwyn, 106
Goin, 272
Gold, 6, 142, 397
Golden Horseshoe, 102, 125
Golden Horse Shoe, Knights of,
125
Golden Tabernacle, 328
Gold lace cap, 305
Golfin, 93
Gondrey, 404
Gooch, 12. 13, 14, 34, 40, 94, 130,
2f2, 214, 333
Goochland, 63, 196
Digitized by
Google
r
INDEX.
486
Goochland county, first justices
etc. of, 212
Goochland county, notes from the
records of, 212 et sea,
Goochland county, tithables, 1728,
1729, 213
Goode, 81
Goodin, 67
Goodloe, 333
Goodwin, 203, 333, 417, 44^
Goodwins Bower, 106
Gookin, 308
Gondrey, Wm., will (1638,) 404
Gordon, vi, xxii, 428
Gostrax, 27
Gotrig, 67-80
Gottschalk, 297, 366
Goulsborrow, 306
Goulthwaite, 442
Graffenried, 362
Graham, 95
Grantley, 325, 327
Graves, 315, 316
Gray. 346, 428
Grayson, 348, 427
Great fire at Norfolk, 433
Great Mountains, 6
Great Road, 6
Great Seal, 380
Gieen, 83. 222, 348, 351
Greenchurch, 304
Greene Co., 292
Greenhalt, 306
Gregg, 336
Gregory, 408
Gresham, 107.
Grey, 310, 428
Greyson, 48
Griffith, 191, 308, 310
Grifin, 67-80
Grigsby, xi,
Grindham, 436
Griswold, 335
Grymes, 211, 433
Grymes, Philip and John, at
Eaton, 211
Guards, 350
Guerand, 68-80
Gueret, 269
Gulston, 191, 192
Gultston, Theodore, will (1632)
with note, 191
Gun carriages, 19
Gundey, 55
Gunpowder order in regard to,
1628, 399
Guns, 170, 395
Gulph Mills, 340
Gurton, 191
Guthrie, 333
Guy, 196, 197
Guy, William, will (1665), 196
Gylbard, 441
Hadleyvale, 304
Hailey, 93
Ham, 414
Haines, 333
Haistwell, 193
Hale. 333
Halthiude, 62
Halifax, 17, 93, 94, 283
Halifax minute men, 18
Halkking, 155
Hall, 313, 314, 338. 408, 414,415,
426
Hallam, 54, 55
Hallam family, note on, 55
Hallome, 54
Hamerton, 219, 325-326
Hamilton, 144, 33^, 374, 434
Hampton, 199, 208
Hampton Co., 64
Hansford. 199, 200
Handford, John, will (1670) with
note, 199
Hanging Rock, 9
Hanes, 414
Hanover Co., 16, 36, 37, 48, ?o4,
4?5
Hanover Presbytery, 40.46
Hansford, Tobias, note on, 200
Hanson, 211
Hants, 414
Happy Creek, 115, 356
Hardidge, 95
Hardny, 464
Hardwick, 417
Hardy, 63, 93
Hardy Co., W. Va , 131
Hacewell, 105
Harley, 306
Harmonson, 94, 316
Harris, 47, 61, 67-80, 175-189, 270-
280, 370, 374, 417, 441
Harrison, 3, 7, 9, 56, 95, loi, 298,
416,417
Harrow, 432
Hart, vi, 414
Hartford, 310
Hartham, 98
Hartnel, 341
Hartwell, 94, 193
Digitized by
Google
486
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Harvey, 298, 375, 376, 377, 382, I
386-,^88, 39T, 392, 396, 4CX) 408
Harvey, Governor Sir John, 375 et
seq.
Harvey, Sir John to Windebauke,
1640, 388
Harwood, 37, 39
Haskell, 339»343. 350
Hasliff, 404
Hastings, 325
Hatch, 64, 390
Haverfordwest, 197
Hawkes, George, will (1658,) 307
Hawkes, 335
Hawkins, 404
Hawksbill Creek, 120
Hawksbill Run, 296
Hawley, 392
Haydon, no »
Hayes, 407, 426
Hayes Barton, x
Hayman, 305
Hayne, 409
Haynes, 404 '
Haywood, 93
Hazlett, 324
Hazleton, 429
H earns, 70
Heath, 396, 398, 401
Heathfield, 98
Hebron Church, 135, 365, 372
Heide, 367
Heigler, 238, 240
Hellier, 310, 440
Hemersordum, no
Henderson, 333, 416 i
Hendricks 411 |
Hening, 361 1
Henrico county. 36, 37, 94, 237,391 i
Henrico and Hanover. Bound-
ary line of, 1764, 36 et seq. \
Henshaw, 56
Hentzel, 414
Henry, 48, 282, 430, 432
Henxell, 320
Hereford, 199
Herndon, 429
Hei-tford, 309, 32a
Heslup, 87
Heyd, 133
Heyman, 54
Heywood, 445
Hev%es, 87-90
Hewirk, 51
Hewitt. 15
Hewlett, 314
Hewton, 443
Hicchon, 321, 322
Hicks, 15-16
Hieronemus, 414
Higginson, Christopher, 385
Highgate, 107
Highsteward, 328
Highing, 63
Hill. 62,411
Hilliard, 212
Hillis, 434
Hill Park, Essex county, 426
Hillsborough, Lord, to Lord Bote-
tourt, letter 1770, 139-140
Hinke. xii, 363, 366
Hinton, 436, 446
Hipkins, 100
Historical and Genealogical Notes
and Queries, 91 et seq.^ 209 et
seq., 42s et seq
History and Literature, The
Relations of, an address by
William Peterfield Trent, A.
M., Ph. D., of Columbia Uni-
versity, Delivered before the
Annual Meeting of the Vir-
ginia Historical Society, Janu-
ary 4, 1906, 451 et seq.
Hitchcock, 407
Hite, 133, 134, 283, 351. 352, 360,
.^4, 413-415
Hite, Joist, note on, 133, 134
Hitt, 370
Hix, 15. 295
Hixa-Uraw, 243
H oast- House, 204
Hobbs, 107
Hobday, 313
Hobson, 351, 352
Hoby, 106
Hodges, vi, vii, 48, 107
Hodgkin, 191
Hodgson, 312
Hody, 106, 107
Hoffman, 367, 370
Hoes, 395
Holborne, 307
Hole, no
Holland, 47, 115, 336, 396, 397
Hollanders. 287
Hollin Close, 441
Holm, 219
Holman, 176-189, 213, 270
Holmen, 181
Holmes, 402
Holston, 2.^1, 252
Holston River, 36
Holt. 64, 48, 3^4, 365. 366, 367
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
487
Holtzclow, 132, 367, 368
Holy Water, 323
Hone, 433
Honesbrooke, 109
Honywood, 323, 406, 435
Hood. 112, 182
Hookes, 321
Hooperring, 408
Hopewell, 127, 289
Hopkins, 343
Hopkinson, Daniel, will (1637,) 408
Hornsby, 424
Horses. 311. 350, 380, 397
Horses in Virginia, order in re-
gard to, 1639, 380
Hor^e Race, 430
Horse Shoe Knight, 284
Horsey, 105, no, 377
Holt presses, 54
Houchin, 417
Hough, 63
Hough, Francis, will (1648,) with
note, 62
Houk, 67-80
House, 408
House of Burgesses of Vir-
ginia, 1773-76, Journals of,
Edited by J. P. Kennedy, Vir-
ginia State Librarian and pub-
lished by Library Board, 330
et seq.
Lord Hillsborough's comment
on, 1770, 139
Household stuff, 57, 309, 404
Houston, 402
How, 107
Howard, 15, 125, 212, 213, 357
Howden, 325
Howe, 315, 316
Howett. 55, 56
Howett, John, will (1659,) 55
H6wly, 221
Howse, 405
Hozohoge River, 26
Hovels, 414
Hubard, 208
Hubert, 446
Hudson, 39, 395
Hudson, John, Provost Marshall
395
Huger, 209-210
Huger, Francis, at Eton, 210
Hugh, 417
Hughes, 213, 214, 314
Huguenots, 1 14 e/ j^^.
Huguenot settlement in Virginia,
King William Parish Vestry
Book, 1707-50, 65 et seq., 265
et seg., 175 et seq.
HuNGARS Church, Northamp-
ton Co., Va., 315 ^/ seq\ Ill-
ustration, 315
Hungars Creek, 315
Hunsden, 309
Hunt, 57
Hunter, 15, 48, 206, 226, 231
Huntingdon, 195
Huntington, 347
Huntington Brigade, 344
Hurst, 200
Huse, 94
Hust, 339
Huiton, 325-329, 442. 444
Hutton.Conyers, 216, 328
Illustrations : Charing Church,
Kent, Eng., 322; Cossington
Rectory, Cossing Lodge, 112;
Effigies of John Brent and wife
(1500), hi; Fac simile of title
page of pamphlet "Treaty with
the Catawba,'* &c., Williams-
burg, 1756, 226; Hungar*s
Church, Northampton Co., Va.
(315); Hutton Conyers, York-
shire, En;jr., 324; Portrait of
General Roger Elliott, 06;
Wickins, Kent, 222; Woods-
McAfee, 334.
Independence, Declaration of, 210
India, 212
Indians, 1-36, 113-139, i^^etseq.,
225 et seq., 230-264. 281, 282,
283, 284, 285, 286, 294, 297, 356,
360, 390-399» 401
Indian Chiefs, 20-36
Indian Children, 173
Indian Clothing, 167
Indian Excursions, 3
Indians, First Fight with in Valley
of Va., 12, 13
Indian Land Titles, 144
Indian Murders, 239
Indian Names, 131
Indians flew permanently settled in
Valley of Virginia, 357
Indian Road, 6, 231
Indian School, 250
Indian Traders, 12
Indian Treaties, 225-264
Indian War, 63, 264
Ingall, 414
Ingilby, 327
Inner Temple, 107
Digitized by
Google
488
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Innis, 49, 50
Inskale Creek, 63
Ipswich, 306
Irby, 1^6
Ireland, 396
Irishmen, xiii
Ironmine land, 293
Iron works, 19, 392
Iroquois, 5-14, 125, 132, 137, 227-
264, notices of 1-14
Iroquoian League* 1 1
Isle of Wight, 7, 95, 290, 310
Islington, no
Israel, 414
ackets, 167
ackson, vi. x, 8r, 93, lor, 340
' acksonboro, 427
ail, 151. 291
" ames, vi, vii, xx, xxii, 72, 93, 98,
363, 365
Tames City, 94, 315, 389, 400
James City county, 64, 94, 391
James River, 6, 11, 54, 58, 114, 193,
215. 416
James River, freshet in, 1786. 215
Jameson, 432
Jamestown, 3, 64
amyson, 414
anney, 289
annuste, 415
auncy, 54
Jeager, 364
Jefferson, 104, 144, 252, 311
Jefferson county, 117
Jenkins, 417
Jennings, 5, 142, 203, 312, 445
Jennison, 404
Jepson, 404
Jewelry, 57, 191, 205, 306, 307
Joce, 107
Jockey Club, 426
Johns, 417
Johnson, 24, 25, 35, 48, 132, 158,
207, 235, 239, 306, 317, 333, 335,
346, 429
Johnson, Rosalie Morris, the
Ancestry of, by R. W. John-
son, review, 335 el seq,
Johnston, 429, 449
ones, ii, vi. 15, 55. 56, 87-90, 93,
120, 125, 195, 196, 206,314, 431,
432,
Jones, Paul, Letter to Joseph
Hewes, 1776, 87 et 9eq.
Jordan, 193, 434
Jouanis, 278,
'Ounhaty, 13
oumals. House of Burgesses, xiv
>ye. 405
judds, 33
Juryman, 393
Kaffer, 365, 367
Kamton, 182
Kanawha, 21, 25, 34. 143
Kansas Nebraska Bill, 86
Kaufman, 121
Kealington, 437
Kealkernstkee, 258, 262
Keith, 9, 281, 357, 374, 415
Keive, ro9
Kelsey, 407
Kemper, xii, xv, 3. 351, 360, 367,
368,369
Kemper, C. E., 113 et seq,, 281-
297
Kemp. 56, 195, 314, 376, 377, 382,
,^ 383. 385-388. 391, 393, 394
Kemp, Rich'd certificate m regard
to, 386
Kemp, Rich*d, letter, 1639, 382
Kemp, Rich*d, to Lord Baltimore,
386
Kemp, Rich'd, to Robert Reade,
1640, 385
Kemp, Kich'd, to Windebank,
1640, 383
Kemp, Rich'd, reference to will
with note, 56
Kendall, 15
Kennedy, viii, xiv, 330, 425, 426
Keningham, 314
Kenner, 95
Kenniston, 221
Kennon, 358, 359
Kennon Family, note, 91
Kenington, 197
Kent, xxii, 105 106, 219, 318, 324
Kentish Towers, 323
Kentucky, 143, 253, 333, 431
Kenyll, 440
Kenyngton, 320
Keove, 108
Kercher. 372
Kercheval, 8, 116, 133, 413
Kerker, 365
Kemer, 280
Kerrill, 191
Kettles, 19
Keyt, 437
Kilford, 322
Kilkenny, Ireland, 198
Kellingly, Conn., 334
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
489
King, 47, 48, 83 136,
King George Co., 43', 453
King & Queen Co^ 51, 128, 284,
433' t 434
King William county, 198, 265-280
432
King William Parish, xni
King Wm. Parish the (Hugue-
not Settlement,) Vestry
Boor of, 65 *&g., 1707-1750,
175 &c., 265 &c.
Kings College, 376
Kings Creek^ 4?S
Kings' Manor. 327
Kingston, N. Y., 1 5
Kinkeftd, 419, 421 422
Kittannin^^ 26
Kircubrifht, Scotland, 145
Kirk, 97
Kirkham, 58
Kirkby-Maltory, 216
Kirk ley, 93, 138
Kirthbren, 36
Klohr, 364
Knaresborough, 217
Knell, 441
Knight, 307
Knox, 344
Koch, 364
Kohn. 450
Kudlinton, 438
Kuhn, 335
Kuker, 370
Kukley, 365
Kuntz, 367
LaFayette, x
LaFett, 278
Laforce, 212
Lain, 92
Lake, 306
Lake George, 235
Laliene, 275
Lambs Creek, 426
Lampwais, 439
Lancaster, 5, 6, 11, 14, 15, 6r, 94,
128, 131, 141, 142, 143,148,160,
168, 171, 308, 356.442
Lancaster County, Pa., 121
Lancaster, treaty of, 129
Lancesters Treaty of, 1744,
141-142
Land, 122-123, 128, 129. 134, 137,
138, 177-189, 307, 356. 362, 370.
395
Lane, 441
Laneyille, 53
Lake, 306
Lang, 121
Langford, 407
Langhorne, 402
Langlade, 152
Langley, 57
Langton, 322
Lanheron, 107
Lapierre. 178-189
Lapsky, ^3^^
l^rnard. 33S
Lamed. 344
Larkbeld, 320
Lascelles, 442
Lassells, 326
Lathorpe, 305
Latie, 427
Latimer, 105, 327
LatJ^ut>, 93, 372
Laiighlin, 430
Laurel Fork, 36
laurel Hill, 419, 421
Lawrtnce, 63, 64, loi, 446
Lawren, 251,
Lawson, 94
Lavenham, 306
Lax He Id 406
Leach, 3^5
Leake, vi, ix, xxn, 87
Leakin. 449
r.eatujck, 374
Leanock, (Cape), 286
Lederer, 137
Ledicott, 199
Lee, XV, xvi-xix, 5, 100, 104, 132,
141, 142, 173, 2", 224,229, 311,
406,417,430
Lee, Philip T. at Eton, 211
Lc Kvre, 105
Legard, 441. 442
Leg^ 429
Legislature of Va., 433
Leheup, 136
Leigh, 95, 209 212, 314
Leigh, R. A. Austen, paper by on
Americans at Eton, 209 e/ seq.
Leily, 97
Leizer, 297
Lemon, 23, 27, 141, 414
Leonard, 39
Leseur, 67, 80, 176-189, 265-280
Lester, 182
Levereaux, 279
Levenecke, 310
Leversal, 326
Leviathan (Horse), 430
LeVelam, 65, 176-189
Digitized by
Google
490
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Levington, 279
Lewin, 404
Lewis, 28 &c., 37, 39. 46,47. 114.
120, 138, 207, 253, 258, 259, 264,
308, 3«4, 361,427, 429
Lewis, Andrew, note on, 264
Lewis and Walker, report to Lord
Botetourt, 1769, 30 Ac, 52
Libby Prison, x
Lichfield, 434
Licking Run, 368
Liecestersiiire, 216
Liggon, 39
Lightfoot, 35 r, 366
Lillisdon, 105
Linen, 54
Linen Cap, 304
Linendraper, 308, 309
Linhaven, 202, 408
Linsell, 306
Linton, 327
Liquor, 61
List Members, xxiii-xxxii
Little Carpenter, 245, 418 &c.
Little Fork, 156
Little Neck Creek, 64
Littlepage, 432
Little St. Barcholomew, 403
Lizeais, 94
Lizemore, 19
Llewellin, 54
Llewellin, Daniel, will (1664,) with
note, 53
Lloyd, 54
Lluellin. 53, 54
Lochaber, 20
Logg'8 Town, xiii, 143-174, 239
Logo's Town, Treaty of, 1752,
143 &c.
Lomax, 143, 145, 147-174
Lomax, Lunsford, note on, 145
London, 56, 107, 211,303, 306, 312,
393. 394. 407, 426, 442
London, Bishops of, 51
Londoners, xiii
Looney's Ferry, 6
Long, 121, 297, 310
Long, Cain, 418
Lorain, 59
Lord, 335
Lords, Commr. trade and planta-
tions, 21
Lorkyn, 322
Lorton, vi
Loiiisa county, 446
LoursA County, Petition from,
vs. Canning, 1775, 47
Louisville, 333
Loucadou, 68
Loudoun county, viii, 289, 427. 433
Loudoun, Fort, on the Tennessee,
note on, 257, 258 &c.
Love, 309, 310, 427
Low countries, 399, 401
Lower Norfolk, 94, 202
Lowney, 311
Lowther, 402
Loyalists, 130
Loyds, 394
Lucas, 19, 348, 414, 441
Ludgate, 99
Ludlow, 91, 107, III
Ludwell, XV, 58, 435
Lumsden, 47
Lumpkin, 417
Lund-on-the-Wolds, 325
Lunenburg Co., 204, 258, 282
Lung, 121
Lunsford, 45, 406
Luray, Va., 132
Lymme, 320
Lynch, 209, 446
Lynches Creek, 93
Lynch, Thomas, at Eton, 210
Lyndale, 443
Lynn, 114
Lynton, 326
Lysse, 112
Macaulay, 288
Mackdaniel, 417
Macfarlane, 333
Macferson, 93
Macgowen, 333
I Machlin, 136
j Machodoc, 201
I Mackay, 140, 354, 35^
j Macon, 425
' Mad^wick, 59
I Madison, 135, 351, 352, 360, 426,
I 427, 428, 430
I Madison Co., 115
Madison Hall, 360
I Madison's Report, 431
Maginnis, 446
Magnolia, 434
Maitland, 446
Maize, 65, 77, 185
I Major, 197, 311
! Makmete, 440
I Malcolm, 348
I Maiden, 194
, Malet, 67, 80, 106, loS, 112, 265-
I 280
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
491
Mallagh, 447
Mallorie, George, will (161 5,) 441
Mallory, 61, 216-219, 324-329, 444
&c.
Mallory arms, 216
Mallory Family, 216 &c., 324
&c., 441 &c.
Mallory, William, will U475,) 324
Mallory, Sir. Wm., will (1603,) 329
Malthouse, 218
Malt Loff, 310
Malts, 310
Manassass, 289, 446
Mandeville, 397
Maneld, 340
Mankiller, 260
Mann, 39
Manning, 222
Mannsell, 196
Mannsfield, 433
Manongohela, 35
Mant, 409
Maps, 334
Mason. 55, 94
Masons, 428
Masons of Richmond, celebrate
St. Johns Day, 1791, 215
March, 309
Marcombe, 204
Marit, 414
Marine Ins. Co., Alexandria Va.,
430, 432, 433
Marine, 49
Marion, N C, 446
Markland, 409
Markum, 93
Marlboro, 99, 211
Marriages, 397, 399
Marriott, 194
Marsh, 440
Marshall, xxi, 314, 389, 397
Martain, 175-189
Martin, 64, 67-80, 197-199. 339» 367,
369
Martin Family (Caroline and King
William), note on, 198
Martin, Mrs. Martha, epitaph (1738),
199
Martin, Sparks, will (1787) with
note, 197
Martins Brandon, 405
Marvin, 345
Marye, 65, 66, 77, 176
Maryland, 6, 15, 129, 138, 210, 211,
290, 336, 352, 390, 391, 449. 450
Maryland Calendar of Wills,
Vol. ii, 1685-1702, by Jane
Baldwin, notice, 450
Maryland Historical Maga-
zine, published by the Mary-
land Historical Society. Re-
view, 449
Massacre, 397
Massanutton, 120 etc., 295, 360
Massanution Creek, 297
Masanutton settlement, 295 etc.
Massanutting Town, 138
Massie, xv
Materbe, 320
Matheses, 93
Mathews, 37, 39, 224, 2^8, 315,
389, 398, 401, 428
Maton, 278
Mattapony, 200
Mauldon, 351
Maury, 426
Maxwell, xi, 338. 343, 344, 345,
406
Mayer, vi, x, 58, 212, 213, 353, 438
Mayo, 144
McAfee, 333
McCabe, xx, xxi, xxii, 209
McClure, 350
McCollum, 336
McCommico, 215
McCormick, 349, 414
McCoull, 428
McDaniel, 417
McDonald, 346, 347, 375
McDowell, 12, 331,333
McDugle, 93
McGili, 428
McGoffin, 333
McGowan, 446
McC-iuire, xxii
Mcintosh, 339, 344, 347, 349, 429
McKarney, 333
McKay, 133,374
McKinney. 350
McNabt, 215
McNey, 416
Mead, 434
Meade, 409-410
Meade, Col. R. K., letter 1780,
409 &c.
Meadows, 160
Meare, 406
Mechlin, 442
Medicine chests, 338
Meherrin, ^3. 94
Membership V. H. S., iv
Mences, 416
Digitized by
Google
492
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Menns, 417
Menzel, 288
Mercer, 103,310,430, 43'
Meredeth, xxii
Merhbenc, 280
Meriwether, 48, 64
Merrifield, 304
Merton, 438
Meyer, 365, 367
Miamis, 143, 152, 153
Michaux, 104
Michelson, 54
Michael, 93
Micheldeves, 59
Mickhethwaite, 404
Micou, 104, 105
Middleburg Academy, 433
Middle Fork, 252
Middlesex county, 21, 62, 94, 140,
107, 201, 203, 21 r, 212, 306
Middle Temple, 210
Middlezoy, 105
Mildenhall, 427, 432
Milend, 201
Military stores, 342
Militia, 3, 54
Militia, Virginia, in the Revo-
lution, 16 &c., 206 &c.
Miller, x, 120-138, 296, 414, 417
Mills, 114, 311, 404
Mill Swamp, 64
Milner, 94, 95
Milton, 63, 334
Minnicker, 94
Minchard, 205, 304
Minefie, 390
Mines, 398
Mingjoes, 24
Ministers, 193, 194, 315, 316. 390
Minnis, 347
Minor, xvi, 427, 432
Missenden, 405
Mississippi, 449
Mississippi Territorial Ar-
chives, Executive Journals of
Governors Sargent and Clai-
borne, Review, 449
Mitchell, XX, xxii, 314, 330, 408,
426
Mitchell, Prof. S. C. Review of The
Rise of the New South, by P.
A. Bruce. 329 &c.
Mohair Petticoat, 408
Mohawks, ^, 15, 27
Mohawk River, 35 1
Mohun, 19, 206, 207 I
Moler, 414 1
Monfor, 269, 272
Monocacy, 138
Monongahela, 168
Montgomery, 11, 17, 135, 252
Montacute, 105
Montague, 49, 212
Montour, 143, 144, 150
Moone, 440
Mooney, 2-16, 131, 137, 227 &c.,
286-295
Moore, xvi, 129, 143, 222, 290, 336
Moorefield, 407
Moravians, 9, 297
Moravian Missionaries, xii
More, 203
Morgan, 6, 288, 351, 352, 413, 414
Monset, 80, 177-189, 280
Morris, 335, 336, 414
Morrison, -^8
Morris Plains, 94
Mors, 109
Morsett, 417
Morson, 431
Mortar, 440
Mortimer, 434
Mortuaries, 394
Morrill, 217
Mosely, 194
Mottram, 201
Moulsen, Peter, will (1674,) with
note, 403
Mountjoy, 315, 316
Moye, 407, 408
Mojres, 202
Mt. Vernon, 210, 432
Muesen, 368
Muhlenburg, 338, 339, 340, 341,345,
347. 349
Mullord, 197
Myllin, 428
Munford, ii, vi, vii, x, xxii, 203, 291
Murder, 171, 390, 392
Murphey, 349
Murr, 311
Murray, 46
Murry, 93
Muse, 93, 430
Music, 430
Music in Richmond, 1791, 215
Musgrave, 390
Muskingum, 143
Muster Roll, 348
Mutres, 93
Myers, xvi, xviii
Mylcome, 108
Mylford, 440
Mylle, 441
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
493
My Lord's Island, 406
Nachmann, 415
Naflford, 200
Nagle, 340
Nansemond Co., 7, 17-18, 19, 63, 95
Maasemond Indians, 7, 399
Nansemond Town, 309
Nash, 98, xss
Nasau Hall, 45
NassU'bltgcix, ^6S
Natfhejj, 34B
Natoht^/ Tn-lirMis. note on, 245
Naul. 366
Nawll, 107
Naylor, aai
Naylor's Hole, 104
Ne^rs Mounts 366
Nebraska, H2
Neck-of Land. 55
Neele, 108 |
Negro, loyal during Revolution, x j
Nelson, 402-403, 414
Nelson Arms, 403
Nelson, Hugh, will (1708) with
note. 402, 403
Nelson, Hugh, will (1738), 403
Nelson, Thos., epitaph ( 1745). 403
Nessingwyke* 440
Nethersole, 330
Ne t her wood t 205
Nctt, 107
Neu Gefimdnes, Eden in Va., 282
Nevill, 222, 348
Nevison. 100
New, 433
Newberry, 251
Newbold HjiII, 428
New Boule, 311, 312
Newby, 329, 441
New England, 393, 400, 427
New Foundland, 399
New Fychsiryt Htfl, 205
New Hope Church, 3
New Jersey, 27, 94, 285, regiment of
MS
X. -.A K-n? C , 63,95, 200
Newport, 211, 296, 442
New Sarum, 439
Newspapers, 434
Ne\vtt>n, ■■. \ 44 J
Newton Limaddy, Ireland, 145
New York, 15, 132, 136, 373
New York Council, 292
Nicholas, 19, 347, 349. 429
Nicholson, vi, 314, 317
Norborne Parish, 412
Noel, 201
Norfolk, 215, 434
Norfolk Academy, 426
Norfolk, great storm at, 1786, 215
Norfolk and Portsmouth Herald,
434
Norris, 429
North, 409
Nonhallerion, 326. 337
North American Indians, 16
Northampton, i8p 94, 3t4-3i7» 33^
Northamptonshire, x
North Branch, 286
North Carolina, 20, 93, 137, 144, 231,
iSo
North Carolina brigade, 344
Northern Neck, 115, 117, 144, 283,
363 &c , 368
rth "
North Mountains, 6
NorihuiubcilriiKi, 95, 201, 327
Norton, 217
Norton-Conyers, 217
Nottingham, 127, 317
Ntmouay Indians, 3-16, 93, 286,
290-295, note on 290, notice of
3, 7
Nottoway River, 282
Nottoway Town, 8
NuVM :^:f_nl:t, 400
No well J 96
Nowtnnd, 415
Nozes Neek, 202
Nun wick. 327
Nutmeg Qua iter, 63
Nutt, 99
Oconostota, 257, 4:8 &c.
Oconostota, Cherokee Chief, note
on, 257
Occupason Creek, 309
Ocquebe, 277
Officers, V. H. S., xxiii
O^den, 340
Ohio River, 6, 143, 148, 171
Okebey, 77
Okonostoto, letter from, 1775, 418
Old Bay ley, 99. 191
Old Britain, 152
Old Hop, Cherokee Chief, note
on, 236
Ombersley Court, x
Onconago, 257, 262
Onas, 170
Oneedas, 11, 13, 15, 27, 150
Oneida Castle, N. Y., 118
Oneyedo, 13
Onondago, 13, 15, 27, 167, 171
Opaskankano, 394
Digitized by
Google
494
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Opequon, 127, 131, 287, 289, 351,
354
Orange county, 114-139, 224,296,
351. 363, 372, 426, 427,432
Orange Co., organization of, 351
Orange grove, 224
Orange Hill, 43a
Orde Booke, vi
Ortli.'T Books of Revolution, 338-350
Oriel College, 51, 212
Orrin Bridge, 94
Osborne, 55
Oswegy, 26
Otteley, 209
Otterle, 257
Quia cite, 260
Over 1. evens, 445
Overton, SamueJ, note on, 264
Owens, 37, 38, 39
Ovvnlev, 416, 417
Oxford, 5 J, 144. ^04, 325
Page, 117 -120, 128, 138,296,314,
348, 432, 433
Page-Land, 117
Page Valley, 123
Paine, 193, 213
Palace, 50
Palatinate, 287
Palmer, 297, 404, 440
Pally vicine, 306
Pamuukey River, 389, 393
PamuTikeys, 390
Panete, 71, 179-189
Panton, 376, 383. 385-388, 390, 392,
393
Panton, Rev. Anthony, case, 383
&c., 386, 387
Panton, Rev. Anthony, report on
petition of, 1639, 376
Panton, Rev. Authouy, petition of
1639, 376
Paradise, Essex county, 428
Paris. 230
Parish, 47
Parishioners, 273
Parke, 63, 64, 192, ^06
Parke, William, will (1634,) with
note, 192
Parker, 19, '81--87, 306. 348, 405
Parker, John A., sketch of, 81 &c.
Parkinson, 306
Parks, 214
Parrett, 309
Parsons, 1 10
Pasteur, Dr. \Vm., deposition as
to removal of powder, Wil-
liamsburg, 1775, 48 &c.
Patcham, Sussex, 210
Patching, 211
Paterson, 337, 419
Patman, 326
Patterson, xvi, xxii, 93, 344, 345,
350
Patton, 12. 123, 143, 145-174, 427
Patton, Jas., letter, Dec. 18, 1742,
12
Patton, James, note on, 145
Paul, 87
Paulett, 108
Pauling, 345
Paulitz, 364, 365, 373
Paunsherst, 220, 318
Pavlur. 365, 372
Pawktt. 107, 43^
Pax ton Parva, 195
Payne, 194, 213, 446
Peachey, 215, 426,431
Peaks of Otter, 45
Pearce, 305, 414
Pearcey, 58
Pearis, 236
Pearse, 352, 353
Pedee, 93
Pedyll, 44r
Peen, 67-80, 181
Peirsey, 204, 205
Pembroke, 197, 428
Pende, 320
Pendergast, 197
Pendleton, 416, 417
Pene, 180
Peniell, 308
Penley Croft, 445
Penn, 417
Pennsylvania, 6. 9, 13, 26, 123, 134.
281, 289, 290, 336, 349, 352, 357,
418-424
Pennsylvania and Virgin ia. Papers
in regard to boimdary line dis-
pute, 1775, 4»8 &c.
Pennsylvania, Council of, 14, 144
Penrith, 402-403
Pequa, 143
Percy, 298
Perjurers, Punishment of, 389
Perjury, 389
Perkins, 208, 335
Pero, 67-80, 175-189, 265-280
Perrott, 62
Per row, 327
Perry, 176, 198
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
495
Pery, 109
Peru, 275
Perut, 279
Pescud, 224, 446
Peters, 27
Petersburg. Va., 93, 215, 434, 447
Petersburg, town officers of, 1786,
« ^'5
Petey, 77
Petlow, 351
Petsoe Parish, 310
Pelt. 323, 435
Pett Place, 322
Pettels, 414
Pettus, 47
Pets worth, 311
Pevinton, 220
Peyton, 124, 429
Phelps. 197
Philad^lplila, 89, J7g, 363, 447
Phvladtlpbia Synod, 40
Philadt^lpliin, ship, 90
Phillips, vi. ix, 47, 130, 135, 308,
309, 333, 416
Phillips, John, land grants to, 308,
309
Phillips, Richard, will (1704) with
note, 308
Pickeit, 433
Piedmont, 3
Pierce, 82
Pillory, 389
Pipe. 305
Pipe staves, 396
Piper, 350
Pipes, 154
Piqua, 152
Piquet, .^3
Pitch and tar, 396
Pitt, 58, 97
Pitts, 170
Pittsburg, 144. 352
Pittsylvania, 283, 430
Plank. 19
Pleasants, vi, 37
Pledges, 93
Plumer, 321
Plumpton, 217
Pockering, 408
Pockinses, 94
PocklinKtoii, 442
Point Comfort. 389, 401
Pokmwell^ ro9
Polelts, 322
Foley, 60
Polk, 81
Pollock, 450
Pommell, 403
Pond, 417
Poor, 338, 344
Popcastle, 426
i I 'ope, 414
Pfjptrley, 107
Pople, toS
Poropotank Creek, 311
Porscenet, 436
Porter. 335. 343
Porleous, 310, 311, 312
Porteus, Edward, epitaph, (1699,)
Porteous. (Porteus) Edward, will
(1700,) with note, 310
Porteus family, note on, 311, 312
Porteus, Robert, epitaph, (1758,)
312
Ports, 93
Port Conway, races at, 426
Portobago, 145
Port Royal, 428
Portsmouth, 19
Port Republic, 120, 360
Portyr, 71
Potash quarter, 409
Potumac. 6, 9. 94, 117, 129, 201, 352
J53. 357-360* 363
Poll, ^98. 390, 400, 401
Poltinger, 428
Potter, 62
Poulett, 106
Pounceforf, 106, 109
Powder, 399
Powder- Horn, 48-50
. Powder removal of, from Williams-
I bur^ magazine, 48 &c.
FowtflL^S, 508. 317 417
Powhatnii county, 134
, i'owhatan's Swamp," 390
Powhatan's Tree, 390
Powldom, 107
Powlett, 109
Prat, 280
Pratt, vi
Prenchie-Uran, 243
Prentis, 52, 335
Prerogative Court, xiii
Presbyterian i^m in Virginia, 40 &c
Presbvtkrian Protest vs. Tol-
eration ACT, 40 &c.
Presents, 156
President's'Report, 11 to XXII.
Preston, 62, 252, 322, 404
Prestley, 05
Prestwould, 428
Digitized by
Google
496
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Price, 37. 39, 55, 205
Prince Edward, 17
Prince Edward County, 283
Prince George County, 15, 17, 257,
282, 289, 446
Prince William, 61, 117, 438, 434
Prince William County Court, 429
Prince's Island, 406
Princess Ann, 17, 18
Printed Laws of Virginia, 1730, 214
Prisoners, 16, 399
Privy Council, 378, 398
Probert, 197
"Processioning," note on, 66
Proctor, 419
Proud, 357
Prosser, 213, 214
Prostestants, 282
Prouet, 68, 80
Providence (sloop), 88
Provost Marshall, 389, 394, 395
Pryor, 314
Publication Committee, XI
Public Money, 424
Puckle, 406
Puritans, 108, 145
Purton, 406
Purvis, 201
Puryear, 39
Putnam, 334
Quakers, 213
Quakers in the Valley of Virginia,
289
Quantain, 67
Quarter Court, 389, 397, 392
Quarles, i^ ^j%
Quarter Master, 340
Queens Crk, 64, 307, 308
Quicke, Wm.. Reference to Will,
(1615), with Note, 404
Quilter, 201
Quit Rents, 10, 14, 16, 51, 352, 423
Quit Rents in Virginia, Petition,
1639, in regard to, 377
Racing, 426, 429, 430
Radcliffe, 327
Ragland, 48
Raglen, 39
Raine, 216
Raines, 17
Rake, 200
Raleigh, x
Ralins, 112
Randall, 310
Randolph, xv, 16, 17, 48, 55, 58, 94,
99, 209, 2 1 1-2 13, 228-262, 358,
396, 448
Randolph, Beverley, at Eton. 209
Randolph, Peter, note on, 228
Randolph, William, at Eton, 211
Ransdell, 18
Ranson, 17, 314
Ratcliffe, 219
Rations, 17. 18, 19
Rapidan. 115, 363
Rapine, 175-189
Rappahannock, 4, 65, 66, 95, 129,
20 r, 308, 351, 353-368
Rappahannock River, 433
Rawlinon, 437
Raynton, 329, 404, 441
Reade, 17, 252, 260, 324, 385-388,
402, 442
Reade, Geo., to Robert Reade,
1640, 387
Rebecca, ship, 404
Rector, 370
Redcliffe, 310
Redding, Eng., 204
Redman, 18
Redmans, 402
Reed, 333
Reeder, 82
Reedy Island, 89
Reedy River, 21
Reves, 409
Reid, 133
Religion, 265 &c., 315 &c., 431
Religious toleration in Vir9inia,
1774, 40 &c. . ,
Religious toleration in Virginia,
bill for, 1772, 40 &c.
Rentfro, 18, 19
Republican electral ticket, 433
Republican newspaper, 433
Republican paper, 430
Revenue, 135
Revenue Laws, 139
Revington, 318
Revolution, 130, 134, 337-350
Revolution, Virginia Militia
IN, 16 &c.
Revolution, movements of south-
ern army, 1782, 93 &c.
Revolutionary Army Orders,
FOR THE Main Army Under
Washington, 1778- 1779, 337
&c.
Revolutionary Convention, 46
Revolutionary diary, 1782, 92 &c.
Rey, 192
Reynolds, 312
Digitized by
Google
INDEX^
497
Rhine, 287
Rhode Island, 88
Ribbon Weaver,, 197
Rice, 17, 45
Rice, David, note on, 45
Rich, 4^6
Richards, 56
Richardson, xxii, 17, 196, 350, 403
Richland, 251
Richlin, jx^
Richmond, 93, 182, 425, 428
Richmond, celebration of St John's
Day in, 17^1, 215
Richmond Choir, The, 1791, 215
Richmond county, 19, 224, 430, 431
Richmond Enquirer, 434
Richmond Hill, 433
Richmond, Music in, 1791, 215
Rich Neck, 56
Richter^ 367
Rickahock, 64
Rickenbaugh, 333
Riddick, 17, 18
Rifle Corps, 288
Rifles, 346
Right, 414
Rinehart, 121, 297
Ring, 94
Ringe, John, Will (1637), with Note,
409
Ringfleld, 409
Rion, 414
Ripley. 327
Ripon, 219, 327, 441, 442
Ripon Cathedral, 312
Ripon School, 444
Ripon Hall, 312
Ripon Marks, 326
Ripon Minster, 441, 445
Rise, the, of the New South,
BY P. A. Bruce, Review, 329,
&c.
Ritchie, 81, 87, 417, 432
Rite's Place, 93
Rittenhouse, 352
Rivanna, 416 •
Riverton, 117, 289
Rives, 16
Roades, 403, 404
Roam, 18
Roanoke, 6, 8, 94, 294
Roberts, 17, 18, 317, 415
Robins, 18, 94, 3M, 3i5, 316, 3^7
Robinson, 17, 18. 51, 52, 70-80, 93,
94,114,128, 129,130, 132, 135,
137, 175, 189, 290, 304.365, 381,
389, 402, 408
Robinson, Commissary Wm., War-
rant for Pay, 51
Robinson, Rev. Wm., Note on, 51
Robinson River, 3, 365
Rocheford, 59
Rockbridge, 6, 11
Rockett, Francis, Will (1749), with
Note, 63
Rockingham County, Va., 118, 296
Rockingham, N. C, 137
Rodgers, 18
Rogers, 16, 17, 93, 333, 335
Rokesbjr, 443
Rolfe, Thomas, petition, 1641, 394,
395
Rolhson, 18
Roman Catholic, 442
Romans of the West, 16
Rood, 121
Rookes, 303, 305, 439
Rootes, 434
Rope Maker, 431
Rose, 100, 102
Rosegill, 140, 212
Ross, 127, 130, 289 &c.
Rossmadress, 221
Rousby Hall, 211
Rouviere, 67-80-
Row, 208
Rowe, 320, 321
Rowland, vi, 18, 19, 449
Rowbright, Magua, 437
Rowth, 326
Rowzie, 224, 447
Roxwell, 54
Royall. 39, 54, 58
Royal Charter, 369, 373
Royce, 228, 144
Royster, 18, 333
Royston, 16
Rubsaman, 17
Rucker, 17, 18, 417
Ruddell. 18
Rudder, 350
Ruger, 18
Rug. 19, 54, 57, 307
Ruggles, 305, 306, 448
Ruggles, George, will (1622) with
note, 305
Rum, 342
Rumbottom, 17
Runaways, 392
Rupp, 288
Russell, 211, 283, 284, 286-295, 354
Russell, William, note on, 283 &c.
Rust, 18
Rqter, 205
Digitized by
Google
498
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Rutherford, 415
Rye, 404
Sachims, 5. 94, 141 -i47, 160-174,
234-264
Saddles, 94
Sainsbury, 375
Sale, 207, 417
Salem, 284, 289
Salisbury, 231, 427, 433, 439
Salle, 65, 66, 67-80, i75-i89» 265-
280
Sallens, 208
Sallcy, 209
Salt Cetchu Ferry, 93
Salter, 54
Salt Works, 389
Sal way, 194
Sampson, 333, 440
Sandson, 402
Sandys, x, 298, 375, 39^, 447
Sandifer, 208
Sandsford, 94
San Louis obispo, 447
Santee, 93
Sapony Indians, i Ac, 137, 280,
286, 290, 294
Sara Indians, 137
Sargenson, 303
Sarum, 440
Saunders, xvi
Savannah, 9^
Savannah River, 21, 23
Saw Mills, 389
Sayer, 322
Scalping, 260
Scarborough, 94
Scarlett, 94
Schanebley, 414
Scheibli, 365
Schell, 135
Schmidt, 365
Schnell, 9
Schoolcraff, 118
Schools, 250, 425, 426, 427, 428,
431, 432, 433
Schouler, 450
Schutz, 414
Schuyler, vi
Scioto, 143
Scotelar, 67
Scotchmen, xiii
Scotch-Irish, 282 &c.
Scotland, 105 Ac, 311, 327, 344,
361, 373, 426, 429
Scott, 19, 67-80. i8r, 202, 206, 212,
434
I Scrivelsby, 442
I Scriven, 326, 327
I Scrosby, 224
I Scruggs, 207
I Seager, 192
! Searle, 203
I Sea well, 208, 314
Secretary of State, 389, 390, 391
I Seely, 340
Selby, 325
Selden, 37, 39, 208, 324
Selzer, 121, 122
Senecas, 15, 27, 160
Senedos, 358
SenzabacK, 133
Servants, 67-80, 108, 175-189, 387
Servants, white owning property,
1636, 204
Sesauaressua, 27
Settler, 133
Sever, 207, 4I4
Seward, 206
Seward, John, will (1651) with note,
310
Sewell, 414
Sexion, 275
Shackelford, 19, 207
Shaflsbury, 108
Shamoken, 2
Sharp, 58, 201, 206
Shaw, 211
Shawnese, 24, 129, 134, 165, 227-
264, 357
Sheald, 206
Sheets, 440
Sheible, 367
Shelby. 333
I Shelton, 47, 48, 417
Shenandoah, 114, 115-139, 287-297,
I 353-360 ^
I Shenandoah River, note on, 118
, &c.
! Shenapins, 164
Shepsy, 222
I Sherundo, 283, 352
Sheriffs, 391. 392, 394
Sherlock, 51
; Sherman, 87. 306, 307, 343
Shermer, 206
Sheppard, x, 39, 317
Shields, xvi. 208
I Shingas, 155
Shiphood, 417
; Shipman, 94
Ship Owners, 1639, petition of, 378
I Shipp, 207
Shippen, 336
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
499
Shippey, 408
Shipton Mallet, 307
Shirley, 54
Shoat, 208
Shobden, 199
Shoes, 315
Shopkeeper, 54
Shore, 215
Shoreditch, 197
Shower, 133
Sidway, 56
Sikes, 206
Silk cap, 304
Silver Bluff, 23
Silver cup, 435
Silver mine, 397
Silver plate, 306
Silverspoons, 440
Silverware, 311, 397, 435. 44°
Silvester, 203
Simmonds, 205, 207
Simpson, 207
Simms, 208
Sinclair, 208
Siouan, Tribes, 2-14, 137, 227-264
Sirrell, 195
Six Nations, (Indians,) 5, xiii, 13,
23, 125 &c., 132, i4i-'-i74, 233,
264, 290, 357 &c.
Six Nations, (Indians,) note on,
124, 131, 132 &c.
Six Nations, (Indians,) treaty with
at Fort Stanwix. 1768, 23 &c.
Six Nations, (Indians,) treaty with
at Logg*s Town, 1752, 143 &c.
Sizemore, 19
Skelle, 444
Skelton, 405
Skiminoe Swamp, 64
Skinner, 206, 426
Skins, 254
Skipton Castle, 445
Skip with, 428
Slater, 408
Slaughter, 17, 145, 351,363
Slavery, 84, 395, 432
Slingsby, 200, 326, 327
Slippers, 305
Smaley, 444
Smallpox, 227
Smead, 335
Smerden, 320
Smith, 19, 27, 37, 39, 48, 94, 95,
100, 113. 128, 129, 130, 169, 195
206, 207, 208, 227, 248, 249, 253,
257-264, 289, 298, 311, 351,
I . 352, 367. 370, 372, 395, 407, 408,
' 414, 433, 434. 443
Smyth e, 448, 480
Smythson, 205
Snead, ix
Snowden,34t
Snow Hill, 292
Snud, 414
Snyder. 365, 367
I Soblet, 65, 66, 67-So
Soldiers, 349
Somerset, 307,310
Somerset Home, 56, 97
Somersetshire, England, 144
Sotherton, 191
Soulie, 67-80
Sou thai!, 19, 206, 207, 208
Southampton, 59, 448
South Branch, 94. 129
South Carolina, 20, 137, 251
South Fork, 252
I Southern Indians, 260
I South wark Parish, Surry, 59, 193,
IQ4, 204
South worth, 104, 224
Spackman, 204
Spanish Armada, 379
Sparling, 19
Spartanburg, 251
Spears, 37
i Speed, 333
I Spencer, 201
i Spetelhouses, 108
Spielmann, 367
Spillman, 369
, Spotsylvania, 2, 3, 7, 8, 14, 16, 114-
139, 211, 281 &c,, 320. 351, 352,
356, 360, 363, 374
Spotswood, 3, 9, 10, 15, 95-99. Joo,
"3, 139, 211, 224, 281-297, 358,
362, 446
Spotswood, Alexander and John at
Eton, 211
Spotswood, Alexander, paid for
services at Treaty at Albany,
2S3 et seg., 293 et seq.
Spotswood Family, note on, 95-99
Sproughton, 306
St. James, Goochland, 176
St. John Coll., 209
St. John's Day, 215, 426
St. John's Day, Richmond, 1791,
215
St. George's Church, 429
St. George's Parish, 295, 428
St. George's War, xv
I
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500
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
St. Leonard, 310
St. Algates, Oxford, 438
St. Andrews, 439
St. Aunteyn, 321
St. Aystone Church, 440
St. Bartholomew, The Little, 321
St. Cuthberts, 307
St. Dunstans, 201
St. Edmunds, 439
St. Marty n, Ludgate Hill, 191, 307,
312
St. Martin in Vintry, 304
St. Marv Overeys, 59
St. P^ul, 191
St. Peter, Dorsetshire, no
St. Peter&-the-Poof, 4«
St. Stephen, 408
St. Thomas, 310
St. Tolls, 438
St. Wilfred, 219
Stacie, Thomas, will (1619,) with
note, 405
Stadler, 430
Stafford, 61, 94, 211, 346, 368, 427,
429, 433. 434
Stage wagons, 313, 314
Staincliffe, 445
Stalnaker, 252, 253
Stalnaker, Samuel, note on, 252
253 .
Stanard, vi, x, xxii
Stanford 176--189
Stanton, 335
Stanwix, 23. 27
Stapleton, 327
Starling, 10 1
Starr, 19, 347
State Legislature, 46
Stator, 417
Staunton, 6, 150, 296
Stavely. 328
Steger, loi
Ste^g, 380, 393
Stemkirk, 98
Stenford, 78
Stephen, 2or, 206, 310, 411, 413,
428, 440, 441
Stepney, 64
Sterling, 338, 343, 344
Steuben, 342
Stevensburg, Academy, 433
Stevens, v, vi, 59, 431
Stewart, 19, 206, 207, 208, 348, 433
Stickly, 122
Stiles, X
Still, 307
Stillwell, 414
Stith, 48. 54, 281
Stoakley, 317
Stocklyns, 436
Stockton, 84
Stockwood, 62
Stogdill, 389
Stokes, 439
Stone, 37, 39, 95, 122, 192, 208,212,
315, 316, 335.
Stoney Hill, 429
Stony Lick, 116
Storer, 120-138, 295, 354-360
Storey, 193
Storm, 215
Story, 68-80
Stoup, 323
Stourton, 106
Stoval, 207
Stover, 120-138
Strasburg, 117, 133
Stratton, 317
Stratton-Major, 51
Straughan, 206
Streatlam, 327
Street, 417
Strickler, 121. 122, 297
Strode, 207, 208, 414
Strother, 431
Strudwick, 446
Strup, 414
Stuart, 20, 23, 140, 245
Stuart, John, letter to President
Blair, 1768, 20 et seq,
Stuben, 345
Studley, 217, 325-329, 442, 445
Studley, Magna, 326
Studley-Royal, 216
Sturges, 412
Sturgeon Fishing, 399
Stury, 105
Suddarth, 333
Suffolk, 305, 406
Summers, 03, 253, 264, 297, 338
Sunderland, 308
Sunderlans, 427
Surgery Chest, 409
Surtees, 216. 445
Surry, 15, 56, 95, 193, 194, 204, 290
Sute, 191
Sutton, 206
Suspicious Husband, 427
Susquehannah, 6, 26
Sussex, 54, 208
Sussex Militia, 16
Swanley, 304, 305
Swann, 319
Swearinger, 414, 415'
Digitized by
Google
INDEX.
501
Swell, 302
Swepson, 19
Swiff creek, 94
Swiss, 282
Sycamores, 2i8>
Sykes, 207
Syme. 206 345
Symon (Horse), ic8
Symons, 204
Syringe, 305
Tabb, 61, 314
Tabernacle Alley, 59
Taliaferro, 3, loi, 102, 351, 426, 434
Taiinjisee, 243
Tangier, 98
Tanner, 176-189
Tappahannock, 86, 100, 224
Tappahannock Race* 429
Tare, 93
Tarlton, 196, 197
Tasker, 210
Tatum, 291
Taunton, 107
Tayloe, 430
Taylor, 91-92, 304, 333. 35i» 360-
368, 414, 429
Tazewell, 428, 434
Tebbs, 428
Tedding^on, 203
Tegaya, 27
Telletchee, 258, 262
Tempest, 217
Tempie, 432
Tempi em an > 87
Temple yard, 211
Terrel, 39, 47
Teutonic race, 287
Teyanhasire, 27
Thalnies house, 307
Tb a ran ton, 76
Theatre, 4^5-427, 4^8, 429, 430
Thirsk, 442
Thomas, 5, 13, 14, 48, 56, 77, I44,
289
Thomas, William, will (1660,) with
note, 56
Thompson, 193-1941 333. 349. 379,
4 4 43l> 435. 449
Thompson family of Surr>' county,
note on* 193-195
Thompson, John, will (1699,) with
note, 193
Thompson, Rev. Wm., (1661, &c,)
note on, 193 et seq.
Thonariss, J 60
Thonorison, 174
I Thomehill, 109
! Thornton, 314, 427, 431
; Thoroughgoodj 192
Throckmorton, 195, 314
I Throckmorton, Robert, reference
; to will (1699,) with note, 195
Thrope Perrow, 327
■ Thrupp, 439
Thrup Manort 437
Thruston, 203, 314
; Thwaites, 144, 325, 332
Thyts. 414
Tick's Ford, 94
I Tickhill, 326
; Tidewater, Va., 4, 128, 361
• Tilghman, 27, 217
I Tilghman, Richard, at Eton, 212
I TilRtt, 280
I Timberlake, 39, 48
I TitMdhora, 26
TinsJey, 416, 417
I Tioga, N. Y., 6
I Tithables. 68-80. 176-189
I TitshaJl, 406
■ Tobacco, 55, 57, 62, 63, 72, 157,
265-280. 381, 389, 392, 393, 395,
i 3961 397, 39?i 40 f. 426
Tobacco* negotiations in regard to,
396 d scq. ^
Tobacco plantmg restricted, 1639,
! ^ .^79
I Tod, 427
Todd, ^33
Toleration Bill, 41
Toley, 437
Tomkies, 314
Tomnas, 80
Tomysyn, 440
Tooksesey, 243
! Toolsey, 93
; Tuomes* J91
I Torrence, ii, 425
Towahihie, 21
, Towles* 208, 430
■ Townshend, 384
Townson, 1 12
Tower street, 62
Tower wharf, 442
Trabue, 175-189, 265-280
Traders, 166
Tradesmen, 395, 398
Trad^ton, 26
I Trapier, 209
I Trapier, Paul, at Eton, 210
Travelling trunk of 1800, x
Tray ton, 96
I Treasurers* report, v
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502
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Treasury, Lords of, 285
Tretheke, 105
Treaties, 4 et seq.y 130--174 \
Treaty Between Virginia and
THE CaTAWBAS and ChERO-
KEBs, 1756, 225 et seq.
Treaty held with the Cataw-
ba AND Cherokee Indians, {
Williamsburg, 1756, fac simile, ,
226
Trent, xxi, xxii, 153, 328
Trent, Prof. W. P.. Columbia
University. History in its rela-
tion to literature. An address
delivered before the annual
meeting of the Va. Historical
Society, 451 et seq.
Trenton, 411
Treffortb, 442
Trigges, 307
Troops, 346
Troop of Horse, 380
Trucking, 395
Trunk, 405
Trenton, 179-189 I
Tryon, 32
Tryon Mount, 21
Tucker, 298-302, 402, 404
Tullis, 414
Tunstall, xvi, 328
Turberville, no, 433
Turf Register, vii
Turkey, 306
Turkey Island, 54, 55, 58, 228, 358
TumbuU, 231
Turner, 64, 207, 366, 373 |
Tuscarora Indians, 5-9, 15, 27
Tuscarora Creek, 289
Twightwee Indians, 152, 168
Twightwee Indians, note on, 152,
^ .^53
Twisse, 406
Tyler, xxii, 340, 408
Tyllen, 110
Tynechie, 343
Tyonondoa, 119
Ukiyonroueh, 258, 262
Underwood, 335
Union, 251
Umtell Baptist Church, 427 1
United States Army, appointment I
to, 428 * I
Upham, 63 '
Upton Bishop, 199 I
Ure, 444
Usher, 58 1
Uttomakin, 192
Utie, 389
Utz, 365, 367, 372
Valentine, xix, xx/ xxii
Valley Forge, xv, 342, 343. 347
Valley Forge, army orders at, 1 778,
337^/^^^.
Valley Home. 93
Valley Germans, 288
Valley Railroad, 286
Valley Turnpike, 286
Valley of Virginia, 1 13-139, 281 et
seq., 351 ^tseq.,7,siy 2fio
Valley of Virg^inia, note on, 113 et
seq.
Valley of Virginia, notices of, 1-14
Van Buren, 81
Van Dam, 135, 136
Vandehouse, 133
Van Meter, 115, 116 et seq., 229-
286, 354, 360
Vardy, 195
Varina, 58
Vamey, 306
Varnum, 339, 343, 344, 348
Vass, 104
Vassall, &c., merchants, petition
of 1639, 379
Vassall, Samuel, &c., note on, 379
Vaughton, 408
Verrell, 54
Vestall, 414
Victuals, 244
Vigne, 279
Vignerons, 397
Vigoris, 306
Vilain, 265-280
Violet Bank, 311
Vintner, 307
Virginia and the Cherokees,
&c.. Treaties, 1768, 1770,
139 et seq.
Virginia and the Cherokees,
&c.. Treaties, 20 et seq.
Virginia Coast, 52
Virginia Company, 401-406
Virginia Company of London, an
introduction to the records of,
&c., by Susan M. Kingsbury.
Review, 447
Virginia, Early Westward
Movement to, 1722, 34.
Council Orders, i et seq., 113
et seq., 281 et seq., 351 et seq.
Virginia Gazette, 48, 434
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Google
INDEX.
503
Virginia Gleanings in Eng'd :
Barnabe, Richard (1636), 303
Blagrave, Thomas (I C88), 203
Ely. John (1664). 57
Bnstow, Robert (1707), 59
Bugg«. Nathaniel (1656), 406
Chandler, Edward (1657), 309
Chesley, Philip (1675), 63
Dewall, Edward (1640), 204
Draper, Elizabeth (1625), 204
Efford, Peter (1665), 195
Farley. Susannah (1656), 408
Fleetwood, Edward (1609), 405
Goudrey, William ( 1638), 404
Gulstston, Theodore (1632), 191
Guy, William (1665), 196
Handfordjohn (1670), 199
Hawkes, George (1658), 307
Hopkinson, Daniel (1656), 408
Hough, Francis (164S), 62
Howett, John (1659), 55
Kempe, Richard (1656), 56
Lluellin, Daniel ( 1664), 53
Martin, Sparks (1787), 197
Moulsen, Peter. (1674), 403
Nelson, Hugh (1709), 402
Nelson, Hup:h (1734), 403
Parke, William (1634), 192
Phillips, Richard (1704), 308
Porteous, Edward (1700), 310
Quicke, William (16:5), 404
Ringe, John (1637), 409
Roclcett, Francis (1749), 63
Ruggles, George (1622). 305
Sewardjjohn (1651), 310
Stacie, Thomas (1619), 405
Thomas. William (1660), 56
Thompson, John (1699), 193
Throckmorton, Robt. (1698), 195
Wattes, Cornelius (1640), 307
Wheeler, Richard ( 1658), 407
Woodhouse, Henry (1688), 202
Wright, Mottram (1700), 201
Virginia Historical Society, an-
nual meeting, ii~xxii
Virginia Historical Society,
Proceedings o? Annual
Meeting and List of Mem-
bers. January Magazine
Virginia Historical proceedings,
officers, list of members &c.,
i-xxxii
Virginia in 1639-40, from Eng-
lish public records, 375 et se^.
Virginia Journal and Alexandna
Advertiser, 434
Virginia Legislative Papers,
^6 el seg., \ii et seq,^ 418-429
Virginia Letter from General As-
sembly to King, 1628, 396 ei
seq,
Virginia Militia in Revolution
16 et seq,, 206 et seq,
Virginia Newspapers in the Li-
brary of the Pennsylvania His-
torical Society, 434
Virginia, religious toleration . in
1.774, 40 el seq.
Virginia, Southwestern Boundary
of, 20 et seq, t 139-140
Virginia, Southwestern Boundary
of, 1768-70, 20 et seq,
Virginia, Southwest, historical
maps of, in Woods-McAfee
Memorial, 324
Virginia Slate Library, 20, 425
Visitations of Somerset, 436
Voss, 22, 224
Vowell, 108
Wabash, 142, 143
Waddell, 12, 252, 259, 264, 297
Wade, 333, 417
Wadham College, 144
Wagons, 19, 313,314
Wagon Hire, 17
Wagon Master, 346
Wapfon Road, 129
Waine, 339
Waite, 335
Wake, 306
Wake Court, 93
Walbran, 216, 217
Walbrooke, 408
Walden, 322
Walford, 414
Walker, 27, 28, et seq,, 54; 63, 159,
210, 252, 333, 342, 429
Wall, 136
Wallace, 45. 46, 333, 427
Wallace, Caleb, note on, 45
Wallashall, 200
Waller, 142
Wallington, 314
Wals, 414
Walter, 91
Walters, 379
Walton, 136
Walton-on-the- Wolds, 216
Wampum, 29, 155-174, 231-264
Wapentakes, 445
Wapping, 63
War, 399
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504
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Ward, 94, 326, 417
Ware River, 61, 309, 310, 329
Warfare, 401
Warham, 106
Waring, 100, 440
Warner, 201, 333
Warner Hall, ix, 138
Warrasquoyke, 204, 391
Warriner, 205
Warriors, 24, 234-264
Wars, 361
Wartiers, 417
Warton, 404
Warwick, 95, 105, 208, 391, 437
Warwick River^ 391
Washington, viii, x, xv, 82-85, 95,
131, 160, 194, 200,210, 211, 217,
J37. 428. 429, 442
Washington Academy, 432
Washington's Birth-day, 429
Wassanasson, 309
Waters, xiii, 53, 191, 303, 402
Watkins, 37, 39
Watson, 47
Wattes. 307
Watts, 197, 307
Waughoe, 21
Waverton, 404
Waxham, 203
Waxsaws, 93
Wax-works, 432
Wayne, 344, 346
Wearing apparel, 54
Weaver, 76, 370, 476
Weber, 367
Webster, 196
Weedon, 196, 338, 344
Weevers. 105, 323
Weir, 416
Weiser, 13, 14, 148, 170
Weldon, 195
Weldon family, note on, 196
Welford, 63
Welsh, 61, 414
Werg, 60
Wesson, 338
West, 57, 95, 107, 298-302, 389, 391,
401,430
W^est Augusta, 16, 419
VV^est Bagborough, 106
West Branch, 26
West End, 26
Western N. Carolina, i
Westum Water, 420
West Indies, 336, 385, 400
West Jersey, 283, 284, 289
Westminster, 59, 376
Westmoreland, 18, 95, 193, 327,
402, 433
Westmoreland Co., Pa., 418 ei seq,
Westphalia, 368
Westover Manuscripts, 229
West Riding, 445
Westward Movement of Vir-
ginia, Early, 1722-34, Coun-
cil Orders, i &c., 281 &c.,
357 Ac.
West well, 319
Wett Wott, 76
Wever, 176-189, 269
Weyre, 309
Weyre's Creek, 309
Wheat, 65, 77, 185
Wheatland, 84
Wheatley, 404
Wheeler, 407
Wheeler, Richard will (1658), with
note, 407
Whig, 434
Whigs of South Carolina, 11
Whitaker, 95, 298-302
White, 48, 63, 93, 94, 333, 405
Whitehead, 200
Whiteoak Run, 366
Whitely, 426
Whiting, 224, 314
Whitlenton, 102
Whitlock, 37
Whitsett, 417
Whittingdon, 200
Whitton, 417
Whitworth, 191
Wiatt, 314
Wickins, 222, 318-324
Wicken Chapel, 323
Wickins, Kent, illustration, 222
Wiggles worth, 348
Wieser, 161
Wighill, 327
Wild, 64
Wilde, 63
Wildair, 430
Wilderness, 432
Wiles, 213, 214
Wilkinson's Place, 93
Wilkins, 315, 316
Wilkinson, 37, 39, 402,403
William (ship), 53
William and Mary College, 48, 50,
95, 144, 250, 434
William and Mary College Lottery,
434
William and Mary Quarterly, 124
Williams, 93, loi, 199, 375
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Google
INDEX.
605
Williamsburg, xv, 30, 48, 50, 103,
147, i84i 226, 236-264, 286, 289,
308, 317, 357, 434
Williams* Gap, 117
Williams* Ferry, 6
Williams* Forci, 94
Williamsport, Md., 6, 129
Williamson, 177-189
Willis, 138, 220, 221, 354-356, 426,
439
Wills :
Andrew Brent (1475), 439
Giles Brent (1616), 109
John Brent (1524), 108
John Brent (1651). J09
Margaret Brent (i474)» 44°
Robert Brent, (1508), 107
Robert Brent (1491), 320
William Brent ( 149(5), 319
Roger Brent (161 6), 439
Stephen Brent (1580), no
William Brent (1494)* 440
Humphrey Brooke (1763), 102
Robert Brooke (1778), 103
John Brooke (1788), 100
Robert Brooke, Jr., (1710), 223
Agnes Drakes (1501), 321
George Mallorie (1615), 441
William Mallory (1475), 324
Sir William Mallory (1603), 328
Wilmot, 91 .
Wilson, 95, loi, 217, 402, 446
Wilton, 210
Winborne, 112
Winchelsea, 61
Winchester, 6, 106, 116, 119, 260,
289,351,354, 357
Windebanke, 387-388
Winding Sheet, 54
Windmill, 62,
Wine bowls, 307
Wine Court, 54
Winford, 199, 2od
Wingate, 208
Winksley, 327
Winn, 39
Winning of the West, 294
Winslow, 91
Winstead, 212
Winston, 37, 38, 209, 306
Winterboarne, 310
Winthrop, xvi, xviii, 449
Wise, 84
Wisingfeld, 348
Withers, ix, 252
Witherspoon, 330
Withington, xiii, 53, 191-205, 216,
303 et seq , 402
Withy Bush House, 197
Witton Castle, 442
Wivem, 323
Wiwango, 169
Wobum, Mass., 334
Wolcott, 335
Wolfe. 133, 310, 417, 440
Wollashall, 199
Wolves, 361
Wombell, 222, 319
Wood, 55, 57, 87, 109, 212, 333/427
Wood Creek, 26
Wpodford, 344, 350
Woodhouse, 202, 203
Woodhouse, Henry, will (1688)
with note, 202
Wooding, 195
Wood MSS, 437
Woods, 333, 334
Woods-McAfee, Memorial. By
Rev. N. M. Woods. Review,
333 ^^^^4^-
Woodson, 76, 212
Woodward, 55
Woodway, 417
Wooler, 145
Woollen cap, 305
Wootton, 307, 408
Worcester, 199
Workington, 445
Worley, 175 et seq., 414
Wormeley, 140, 145, 212
Wormeley, Ralph, at Eton, 212
Wott, 179-189
Wotton, 105
Wren, 385, 414
Wright, 93. 200, 201, 202, 289, 314,
427
Wright iamilV) of Northumberland
county, note on, 201, 202
Wright, Mottram, will (1700) with
note, 201
Wyatt, 298-302, 333, 375, 376, 377.
380, 381, 382, 392, 393, 397
Wyatt's Second Administra-
tion AS Governor of Vir-
ginia, from English public re-
cords, 375 ei seq,
Wyatt, Governor Francis, letter,
1640, 381
Wyatt, Sir Francis, note on, 381
Wyatt, Ralph, petition, 1689, 380
Wye, 319
Wyllsbergh, 320
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VIRGINIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Wymborne, Mynster, 109
Wymondley, 322
Wynchestrete, 439
Wynman, 439
Wynkoop, 414
Wynn, 136
Wynne, 81
Wyott, 439
Wyrrall, 326
Wullanyngton, 108
Wullonowa, 257
Yankin River, 280
Yager, 366
Yarward, 404
Yates, 404
Yeager, 373
Yeardley, 298-302
Yeardley, Governor and Coun-
cil, Commission to, March
14, 1625-6, 2<^etseq.
Yellow Springs, 338
Yellow Water, 21
Yeoman, 310
Yonge, XX, xxii
York, 325, 326, 363, 376
York Castle, 326
York County, 404
York River, 308, 311
York town, 28i8, 402
Young, 333
Zimmerman, 365, 366, 371, 372
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
** Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. New Series. Edited
by R. A. Brock, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society,
(Seal) Richmond, Va. Published by the Society."- Eleven annual
volumes, uniform. 8vo., cloth, issued 1882-92, carefully indexed, as
follows :
The Official Letters of Alexander Spotswood, Lieutenant-Governor of
the Colony of Virginia, 1710-1722. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an •
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two Volumes. Portrait and Arms, pp xxi-179 and vii-368. 8 00
The Official Records of Robert Dinwiddle, Lieutenant-Governor of the
Colony of Virginia, 1751-1758. Now first printed from the manu-
script in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society, with an
introduction and notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes, pp. lxix-528 and xviii-768. Portraits, fac-stmi/e of letters of presentation
from W. W. Corcoran, cut ot Mace of Borough of Norfolk, Va., and reproduction of the
Map of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, engraved for Jefferson's Notes
on Virginia, 1787. ft ft
Documents. Chiefly Unpublished, Relating to the Huguenot Emigration
to Virginia and to the Settlement at Manakin Town, with an Appen-
dix of Genealogies, presenting data of the Fontaine, Maury, Dupuy,
Trabue, Marye, Chastaine, Cocke and other Families.
Pages xxi-247. Contains/or-ft'mi^of plan of "King William's Town." 2 50
Miscellaneous Papers, 1672-1865. Now first printed from the manuscript
in the Collections of the Virginia Historical Society. Comprising
Charter of the Royal African Co., 1672; Report on the Huguenot
Settlement 1700; Papers of George Gilmer of **Pen Park,** 1775-78;
Orderly Book of Capt. George Stubblefield, 1776; Career of the
Iron-clad Virginia, 1862; Memorial of Johnson's Island, 1862-4; Beale's
Cav. Brigade Parole, 1865.
Pages viii-374. « fto
Abstract of the Proceedings of the Virginia Company of London, 1619-
1624, Prepared from the Records in the Library of Congress by
Conway Robinson, with an introduction and notes. Vols. I and IL
Two volumes. Pages xlvii-218 and 300, The introduction contains a valuable critical .
essay on the sources of information for the student of Virginia History. 5 00
The History of the Virginia Federal Convention of 1788, with some ac-
count of the Eminent Virginians of that era who were members of
the Body, by Hugh Blair Grigsby, LL. D , with a Biographical
Sketch of the Author and illustrative notes. Vols. I and II.
Two volumes. Pages xxvii-372 and 411. ft 00
Proceedings of the Virginia Historical Society at the Annual Meeting
held December 21-22, 1891, with Historical Papers read on the oc-
casion and others.
Pages xix-386. Contains papers on the Virginia Committee of Correspondence and the
Call for the First Congress; Historical Elements in Virginia Education and Literary
EflTort ; Notes on Recent Work in Southern History; Ancient Epitaphs and Descriptions
in York and James City Counties, Washington's First Election to the House of Burgesses;
Smithfield Church, built in 1632, Richmond's First Academy ; Facts from the Accomac
County Records, Relating to Bacon's Rebellion ; Thomas Hansford, first Martyr to Ameri-
can Liberty ; Journal of Captain Charles Lewis in Washington's Expedition against the
French in 1755; Orderly Books of Major Wm. Heath -JTy, and Capt. Robert Gamble,'i779, ^<^
and Memoir of General John Cropper. ^.^^^^^ ^^ C:WM)Q IC
The full set of these publications can be obtained for 931 .00, or the separate
publications, at the prices named.
CATALOGUE OF THE MANUSCRIPTS in the Collection of the Virginia Historicid Society
and also of Some Printed Papers. Compiled by order of the Executive. Committee. Supplement to
the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. Richmond : Wm. Ellis Jones, Printer. 1901.
Paper, 120 pp. Price, |i.oo. Sent free to members and subscribers on receipt of 10 cents for post-
age, &c.
AN ABRIDGMENT OF THE LAWS. OF VIRGINIA. Compiled in 1694. From the origina
manuscripts in the collection of the Virginia H'Storical Society. 80 pp., paper. Richmond, 1903.
An edition of 300 copies, reprinted from the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Price,
$1.00.
Discount allowed to booksellers.
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Edited to Octof>er
ist, 1898, by Philip A. Bruce, and since that date by William G. Stanard,
Corresponding Secretary and Librarian of the Society, (Seal). Pub-
lished Quarterly by the Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.
House of the Society, No. 707 East Franklin St.
Volume I — Octavo, pp. 484-viii-xxvi-xxxii.
Contains cut of the Society's Building, accounts of the proceedings and transactions of
the Society for the year 1893, and many exceedingly valuable, original historical documents
and papers which have never before appeared in print. Among others may be mentioned,
Discourse of the London Company on its administration of Virginia affairs, 1607-1624;
Abstracts of Colonial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, beginning in 1624,
■ with full genealogical notes and an extended Genealogy of the Claiborne Family ; The
Mutiny in Virginia in 1635 ; Samuel Matthew's Letter and Sir John Harvey's Declaration ;
Speech of Governor Berkeley and Declaration of the Assembly with reference to the change
of Government in England and the passage of the First Navigation Act of 1651 ; Petition
of the Planters of Virginia and Maryland in opposition to the Navigation Act of 1661
Bacon's Rebellion, 1676; His three proclamations, Letters of Sherwood and Ludwell, Pro-
posals of Smith and Ludwell, and Thomas Bacon's Petition ; Letters of William Fitzhugh
<i650-i7oi), a Leading Lawyer and Planter of Virginia, with a genealogical account of the
Fitzhughs in England ; Lists of Public Officers in the various Counties in Virginia late in
the 17th and early in the i8th centuries ; Roster of Soldiers in the French and Indian Wars
ander Colonel Washington ; Officers, Seamen and Marines in the Virginia Nav>' of the
Revolution ; Roll of the 4th Virginia Regiment in the Revolution ; Diar>' of Captain John
Davis of the Pennsylvania Line in the Vorktown Campaign ; General George Rogers
Clark,— Roll of the Illinois and Crockett's Regiments and the Expedition to Vincennes;
Department of " Historical Notes and Queries," containing contributions by Hon. Wm.
Wirt Henr>-, and many other items of value; Department of "Book Reviews;" A full
Index. S 00
VoLUMB II— Octavo, pp. 482-ii-xxiv.
Contains a full account of the proceedings and transactions of the Society for the
year 1894, and the following list of articles copied from the original documents : Report
of Governor and Council on the Condition of Affairs in Virginia in 1626 ; Abstracts of Col-
onial Patents in the Register of the Virginia Land Office, with full genealogical notes and
extended enealot^ies of the Fleet. Robins and Thoix>ughgood Families ; Reports of Griev-
ances by the Counties of Virginia after the suppression of Bacon's Insurrection ; A full his-
too' of the First Legislative Assembly ever held in America (that in 1619 at Jamestown),
written by Hon. Wm. Wirt Henry- ; The concluding list of Virginia Soldiers engaged in
the French and Indian Wars ; The opening lists of the Virginia Officers and Men in the
Continental Line, compiled from official sources ; A valuable account of the Indian Wars
in Augusta County, by Mr. Joseph A. Waddell, with the lists of the killed and wounded ;
Instructions to Governor Yeardley in 1618 and 1626, and to Governor Berkeley in 1641 ; Let-
ters of William Fitzhugh continued, with full genealogical notes; The Will of William
Fitzhugh ; A rompletr List of Public Officers in Virginia in 1702 and 1714 ; Valuable ac-
count of Horse Racing in Virginia, by Mr. Wm. G. Stanard ; The first instalment of an
article on Robert Beverley and his E>escendants ; Wills of Richard Kemp and Rev. John
Lawrence, both bearing the date of the 17th century ; Short Biographies of all the members
of the Virginia Historical Society who died in the course of 1894; An elaborate Genealogy
of the Floumoy Family, throwing light on the Huguenot Emigration; Department of His-
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torical Notes and Queries, containing many valuable short liistorical papers and also Gene*
alogical contributions, among which the Carr and Landon Genealogies are of special
interest ; Department of Book Reviews, containing critical articles by well known historical
scholars. Volume II, like Volume I, has been thoroughly indexed. S 00
Volume III — Octavo, pp. 46o-ii-xxv!ii.
Contains a full account of the proceedings of the Society for the year 1895, and the follow-
ing list of articles copied from original documents : Letters of William Fitzhugh con-
tinued; Instructions to Berkeley, 1663; Virginia under Governors Harvey and Gooch;
Causes of Discontent leading to the Insurrection of 1666 under Bacon ; Will of Benjamin
Harrison the Elder; Culpeper's Report on Virginia in 1683 ; Defense of Col. Edward Hill ;
A series of Colonial letters written by William Byrd, Jr., Thomas Ludwell, Robert Carter,
Richard Lee, and Sir John Randolph ; Decisions of the General Court of Virginia, 1626-
i6a8, first instalment ; Indictment of Governor Nicholson by the leading members of his
Council; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents, extending to 1635, with full genealogical
notes; A History of Robert Beverley and his Descendants, with interesting Wilis and new
matter obtained from England ; Genealogies of the Floumoy, Cocke, Carr, Todd and Chap-
pell Families ; Voluminous Historical Notes and Queries of extraordinary original value,
relating to a great variety of subfects ; Department of Book Reviews, containing articles
from the pens of well known historical scholars. Volume III, like the preceding Volumes,
has a full index. 6 00
Volume IV— Octavo, pp 493-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of Contents : A Marriage Agreement between John
Custis and his wife ; A Perswasive to Towns and Cohabitation by Rev. Francis Mackemie
1705; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents for 1635-6; Army Supplies In the Revolution,
Series of original letters by Judge Innes; Attacks by the Dutch on Virginia Fleet, 1667 ;
Boundary Line Proceedings, for Virginia and North Carolina 1710; Charges against Spots-
wood by House of Burgess 1719 ; Council Proceedings, 1716-1717; Decisions of Virginia
General Court, 1626-28 Continued ; Defence of Colonel Edward Hill Continued Depositions
of Revolutionary Soldiers from County records ; Early Spotsylvania Marriage Licenses;
Genealogy— Cocke, Floumoy, Trabue, Jones, and Rootes Families; Historical Notes and
Queries ; A full list of House of Burgesses, 1766 to 1775 ; Instructions to Governor Francis
Nicholson ; Letter and Proclamation of Argall ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ; Narrative of
Bacon's Rebellion by the English Commissioners; full abstracts of Northampton County
Records in 17th Century ; Ordeal of Touch in Colonial Virginia: Patent of Auditor and
Surveyor-General ; Prince George County Records with much information as to its families ;
Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary College, 1716; A list of Shareholders in Lon-
don Company, 1783; also of Slave Owners in Spotsylvania County, 1783 ; Virginia Tobacco
in Russia in 17th Centur>'. Volume IV has a full index. 6 00
Volume V — Octavo, pp. 472-i-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of Contents: Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents,
1636; and Patents and Grants, 1769; Rappahannock and Isle of Wight Wills, 17th Century ;
Government of Virginia, 1666; Bacon's Men in Surry; and List of Persons Suffering by the
Rebellion; Boundary Line Proceedings, 1710; Carter Papers; Case of Anthony Penton;
Colonial and Revolutionary Letters, Miscellaneous ; Early Episcopacy in Accomac ; Depo-
sitions of Continental Soldiers; Families of Lower Norfolk and Princess Anne Counties;
Genealogy of the Cocke, Godwin, Walke, Moseley, Markham, 'Carr, Hughes, Winston,
Calvert, Parker and Brockenbrough Families; General Court Decisions, 1640, 1641, 1666;
Memoranda Relating to the House of Burgesses, 1685-91 ; Journal of John Barnwell in Yam-
massee War ; Letters of Lafayette in Vorktown Campaign ; Letters of William Fitzhugh ;
Letters to Thomas Adams, 1769-71 ; Public Officers, 1781 ; Northampton County Records,
17th Centurj*: List, Oath and Duties of Viewers of Tobacco Crop, 1639; Petition of John
Mercer Respecting Marboro Tovm; Price Lists and Diary of Colonel Fleming, 1788-98; #
Abstract of Title to Greensprmg ; Tithables of Lancaster Coun y, 17th Cenlur>' ; The Me-
herrin Indians; The Trial of Criminal Cases In i8th Century. Volume V has a full index S 00
Volume VI— Octavo, pp. 4/3-iv-xxiii.
Contains the following general list of principal Contents: The Acadians in Virginia;
Letters to Thomas Adams ; Journal of John Barnwell ; Vindication of Sir William Berk-
eley ; Will of Mrs. Mary Willing Byrd ; Inventory of Robert Carter ; Virginia Society of
the Cincinnati ; Epitaphs at Brandon ; Trustees of Hampden-Sidney College ; Jacobitism in
Virginia; Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents; Letters of Lafayette; A New Clue to the
Lee Ancestry ; Letters of General Henry Lee ; Sir Thomas Smythe's Reply to Bargrave ;
Virginia in 1623. 1623-4, and 1771 ; Virginia Borrowing from Spain ; The Virginia Company
and the House of Commons ; Virginia Militia in the Revolution ; Washington's Capitu-
lation at Fort Necessity; Election of Washington (Poll List), 1758; Burning of William
and Mary College, 1705; Reminiscences of Western Virginia, 1770-90, &c., &c., &c., with
full index 6 00
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CITY B^NK
I OOF" KICHIMIOITID, V^.
CAPITAL, $400,000
SURPLUS AND UNDIVIDED PROFITS, $180,000
WM. H. PALMER, President. E. B. ADDISON. Vice-President.
ap.i9o6-iyr. J. W. SINTON, Cashier.
Capital, $200,000.00. Surplus, $741,877.00.
Deposits. $4,848,000.00.
Merchants National Bank,
RICHMOND, VA.
United States, State and City Depository.
n^ INTEREST PAID IN
^70 SAVINGS DEP'TM'T
Mercantile Accounts Handled on Most Favorable. Terms.
JOHH P. BRANCH, President. J. R. PERDUE, Asst. Cashier.
JOHN KERR BRANCH. Vice>Prest. THOS. B. McADAMS, Asst. Cashier.
JOHN F. GLENN, Cashier. GEO. H. KEESEE, Asst. Cashier.
jan.Z9o6-iyr.
FENLAND NOTES AND QUERIES,
Edited by REV. W. D. SWEETING, M.A.,
Holy Trinity Vicarage, Rotherhithe, London, S. E.
A Quarterly Journal devoted to the Antiquities, Geology, Natural
Features, Parochial Records, Family History, Legends and Traditions,
Folk Lore, Curious Customs, etc., of the Fenland, in the Counties of
Huntingdon. Cambridge. Lincoln, Northampton, Norfolk and Suffolk.
Price IS. 6d. per quarter, by post, is. 8d. A year's subscription, if paid in
advance, 6s. — post free. Vols. I, II, III and IV now ready, neatly bound,
leather back, cloth sides, gilt top, lettered, 15s. each.
Peterborough : Geo. C. Caster; Market Place.
London: Simpkin Marshall & Co., Ld.; and Elliot Stock.
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LOWEST FBICE8. FINEST GOODS.
DIAMONDS.
WATCHES, JEWELRY,
STERLING SILVERWARE,
Fine Repairing. Crests and Coats of Arms Artis-
tically Engraved.
€. liVJHftBKN A HON,
api.-oot.-jan.07. 731 E» Main SUf Bichmand, Va»
ANTIQUE©.
5t5 EAST MAIN STREET, - RICHMOND, VA.
Largest collection of Original Old Pieces in the State. Antique
Furniture, Old Brass, Cut Glass, Copper Plate, Old China, Engravings,
Paintings, etc. Special attention given to packing all goods sent out
of the City. apl.06.lyr.
OUR ANCESTORS.
THE HISTORY OF FAMILIES OF PITTSYL-
VANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA.
Pittsylvania County is the largest county in the State of Virginia,
and was once even larger, embracing the territory now known as the
counties of Patrick and Henry. Being incorporated in 1767, Pittsyl-
vania has had an interesting history of its own for 138 years, covering
the turbulent times of the Revolution.
The records and will books of the county are very complete and
thorough, and in a perfect state of preservation, giving a list of all offi-
cers in the early magisterial courts; many rosters of officers and soldiers
of the Revolution and Civil Wars and numbers of declarations of the
Revolutionary soldiers.
From this county have gone many pioneers of iron nerve, who
settled the vast South and West, and the descendants of these men
would find the records of this county of untold interest.
I am in a position to furnish copies of and data from these records
at a nominal price, and would be pleased to correspond with any one
desiring information concerning them.
Mrs. NATHANIEL E. CLEMENT, •
Member of Virginia Historical Society,
Chatham, Pittsylvania County, Va.
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WBITE US when looking for rare and choice
books, particularly Virginiana.
OUT.QF^PBIJTT Books, not in stock, sought
for and supplied promptly.
This department has the personal attention of our
Mr. J. J. English, Jr., formerly with Randolph &
English. Mr. English has had forty years' experience
in the book trade, thereby fitting us to supply speedily,
and at reasonable prices, any books needed.
Correspondence and lists of books solicited from
collectors everywhere.
The Bell Book & Stationery Co.
914 E. MAIN STREET,.
i„,y^-.yr RICHMOND, VA.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, which is issued
quarterly by the Virginia Historical Society, will accept for publica-
tion a limited number of advertisements of a suitable character.
The special attention of Schools, Colleges and Booksellers are
called to these rates.
The edition of the Magazine is 1,200 copies, and its circulation is
constantly increasing among foreign and American scholars.
Those who have old books, pamphlets, antique furniture, curios,
etc., for sale will find it of advantage to avail themselves of this medium
of advertising them.
WILLIAM G. STANARD, Editor,
yoy E. Franklin, Richmond, Va.
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THE
STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA,
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
CAPITAL, « - . - $500,000
SURPLUS & PROFITS, - $288,000
JOHN S. ELLETT. President. VVM. M. HILL. Cashier,
JULIEN H. HILL, Assi Cashi-r.
3DIRSOXORS.
J. M. Fourqurean, Alexander Cameron, J no. S. Ellett,
James 1). Crump, \Vm. M. Hill, Granville G. Valentine,
A. R. Ellerson, Horace S. Hawes, J. L. Antrim.
SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT.
apl.i9co-iy.
The First National Bank
OF RICHMOND, VA.
( »»:«M In Cjipltal. - ^ .S»Jf« (XW.no)
t\VlMrAL iv'n-.-.i -.»n.ius i..:m)0(k. - ^1,250,000.00
Deposits 5,000,000.00
LouUN 5,500,000.00
Total Ki-soiims 7,000,000.00
This is the iar^^est Bank in V'iijj:lni.i, and by reason of it.s larjce volume
of business and l.ivoralile conneciion-^ N»jrth. South, East and West, ex-
tends t'acihties at rates wtiich smaller B.inks cmu not atlord. The expense
of hanilHn;; a larj::*-, well sv-srematized business is also less in proportion than
that (if a smaller institution.
'\\w First Natiniml Ilank, in addition to the lar^^e business of its Rich-
mond patrons, handles, BY .M.AIL, hundreds of accounts for Merchants,
Manuf.irturers. Corporations, Individuals and Banks throughout Virginia,
West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georjjia.
We invite personal interviews or correspondence from prospective
patrons.
John B. ruRCELL, President.
John M. Millkr, |r.. Vice-President and Cashier.
Chas. R. BrRNKTT. Assistant Cashier.
J. C. J opi. IN, Assistant Cashier^^^ ,
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The Virginia Historical Society.
Members are requested to solicit contributions of books, maps, por-
traits, and manuscripts of historical value or importance, particularly
such as may throw light upon the political, social or religious life of
the people of Virginia.
The Society will become the custodian of such articles of this char-
acter as the possessors may from any cause be unwilling to give, and
in the case of family papers or other manuscripts which it may be
undesirable to publish, it will, upon request, keep them confidential.
I^'A large yJrtf proof safe has been secured and placed in the
Society's building, in which all manuscripts and papers of value are
carefully preserved by the Librarian.
In the vicissitudes of war, and the repeated removals to which the
Society's Library has been subjected, many volumes have been lost
and the sets broken. Odd volumes from the collections of its mem-
bers and well-wishers will therefore be gratefully received.
It is especially desirable to secure as complete a collection as possi-
ble of early Virginia newspapers, periodicals and almanacs.
Any book or pamphlet written by a native or resident of Virginia,
published or printed in Virginia, or in any way relating to Virginia
or Virginians, will be accepted and preserved.
The Society requests gifts of photographs {cabinet size) of old por-
traits of Virginians^ or photographs^ drawings ^ &c,, of Coats of
Arms of Virginia families. Albums have been provided and an in»
teresting collection has already been made.
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