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Palmer's Patent Adjustable Ball Beariug^or Bicycles,

Sole Makers —Palmer & Holland, Victoria Works, Aston Park, Birmingham.

Vol. IXi No. 122.

^m~^

JANUARY 1, 1681. f y ^ P( ' ) Price, withSupplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

««TE,ic-jsi Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Thi*eads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

RAWORTH'S

COTTONS are REMAEKABLE

EASEanp FREEDOM

IN SEWING

use RAW^RpS IB CO T TON^ ^

; CHAfet^ Siri^EET MILL5 LEICESTER

/SPECIALLY ADAPTED for SEWING MACHINES.

EQUALLY SUITABLE FOR HAND SEWING.

Sold Retail by Machine Dealers, Drapers, Haberdashers, &c.

Specially appointed Sole Manufacturer to the Queen.

THE SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1. 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Singer Manufacturing Company v. Loog IQ'^S

Protection and Free Trade ^5

Law Intelligence ^"

Leaders 28,29

Harper's Patent Casters 3°

Sewing Cottons ■ 3°

Reviews 3'>32

How to adjust the " White " 33

Hints to Repairers 34

Patents 35

Laundry Gloss 3&

The Courteous Collector 3^

!^;

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Devey, Joseph & Co 4^

Harrington & Co 41

HiUman, Herbert & Cooper 44

Smith, Thomas & Sons 37

Surrey Machinists Co 3^

Warman, Laxon & Co 42

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 16

Bown, W 9

Devey, Joseph & Co 42

Smith, Thomas & Sons 37

Warwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 37

Warwick, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 45-5°

Howe Machine Co. , Limited 17

Button Hole Machines :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Company 10

Gas Engine Makers :

Andrew, J. E. H 5

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J..., 41

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Pianoforte Manufacturers :

Ascherberg & Co 26

Publications :

Piatt on Life 2&

Urquhart on the Sewing Machine 28

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Alexander, R. F. and J. & Co. . , 8

Carlile & Co 6

Evans, Walter & Co 7

Raworth, John T I

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 16

Bown, W 9

Daville, R. S. & Co 5

Manasse, Max 3^

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Co

Gritzner & Co

Holroyd. J

Howe Machine Company, Limited

Junker & Ruh

Mothersill, R

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank)

Rennick, Kemsley & Co

Singer Manufacturing Company I

Thurlow, Charles

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited

Watson & Co

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co

White .Sewing Machine Company I

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Ariston Oil Company

Bishop's Cluster Company

Daville & Co

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company ". , ." i6

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Alexander, R. F. & J {

Carlile & Co 6

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co I

Evans, Walter, & Co T

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 3<

Marshall & Co ^^

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 41

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Holmes, Pearson, Midgley, & Co ;

Twelvetrees, Harper 4, t

Whitley & Co j

Taylor & Wilson 5

Taylor, F. D e

2i
2.13

3«

3f
I]

PATENT SINGLE-STROKE STAPLE PRESS.

Sec'mea. ly Royal Letters Patent, No. 756, 2oth Feb., 1879.

For Binamg Papers, PampUetg, &c„ sampling WooUens, Cottons, Silks, <Src., and for suspendin?
Show Cards, &c., McGUl's Patent Staple Fasteners and Staple Suspending Eing-s wiU be found un-
surpassed m adaptabdity, and the only articles for the purposes intended that can be applied auto-
maticaUy McGiU s Patent Single-Stroke Staple Press automaticaUy inserts these Fastenera and
Jimgs. A smgle stroke of the operator's hand upon the Plunger of the Press wiU instantaneously
insert and clmch the Staple or Eing, in the articles to be bound or suspended.

Also McGiU's Patent American Paper Fasteners, Binders, Suspending (• _

Rings and Braces, Picture Hang-ers, &c., cheaper and superior to any ^^le Susuend-

other make. *ng Kiig.

6s. per 1000

EUEOPEAN AGENTS—

P. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, EC

WHOLESALE ONLY. DISCOUNT TO EXPORTERS. staple Fastener.

Illustrated Oatalogue and Price List on Application. 5s. per 1000,

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWINO MA.CH1NE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 3

Sydney Exhibition.

PRIZE

MEDAL

A WA RD S

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, tborougbly seasoned, and are all fitted witb oiu
well-known patents and appliances, wbicb cannot be supplied by any other maker.

lllicstT'ated Catalogue free on applicaUon to

TAYLOR & AVILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1, 1881.

Clothes-Wrin§:ers ! Clothes-Wringers ! !

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES-WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,
Strong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improyements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen ^ears as the " Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
instantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes- Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
delicate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, S5s., 30s., S5s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch Rollers,
Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HAEPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, Loudon, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

$■

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

. This Machine has obtained the highest re-
■Sl pntation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name (" Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neatj'not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from'the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CATJTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COTTNTEBFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT "Household"
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is exceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every kind of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
ments — loose wheel, and (Registered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder,

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Dressmakers, and Manufacturers.

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families,

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtJRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

I=>EEI^IL.ESS

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

H
P4

Tlie best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY&CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

JL C3- EHSTT H "W-A-nsr TED.

THE"BISSCHOP"GASEilGI

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator. Will stai-t at a moment's notice.

PowEK. Price.

OneMan £25 0 0

One-and-a-halt Man 30 0 0

TwoMan 35 0 0

FourMan 50 0 0

H
W

w
<:
<

w
m

>
H

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18. Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN

Sewing MacMne Attachments,

FITTINGS, OIL, &c.,

IMPORTERS OF

AMEEICM SEWma MACHmES,

DOMESTIC MACHINERY,

CLOCKS, NOVELTIES,

HABDWABE, &c., &c.

LISTS FORWARDED ON APPLICATION,

46, WOOD STREET,

WASHING-DAY REFOBM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s,, OE WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortnight's Family
Wash in Four Hours, "without rub-
bing OR BOILING, as certified by
thousands of delighted purchasers
It is easy to work, easily under-
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not injure the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only "Wash
ing Macliine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecessary, and
saves five or six hours of coppers
firing each washing day. The Five-
Guinea "Villa" Washer possesses
tremendous washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour; 10 dozen bedi'oom towels per
hour ; 3^ dozen shirts per hour ; ij
dozen sheets per hour, acd counter-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is un
paralleled! Illustrated Prospectuses
and Export Quotations post freeo

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LAT'NDET EXGINEEE AND MACHINIST,

FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

80.

AGENTS WANTED,

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's
Washing Machine.

"Paragon"

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, issi.

SIX

-CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLIS>JED 1752.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECURED BY
EOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

handles •'onlylTSf't),?^' ^"^T' T'^'' .^^^h-boarde ; no turning or pushing machine
SmSiton in rt:!^5„f i-t^'^P/f f ^"^ "P^"^'"" "^ JE6SE OviETON, Springfield Laundry,
carrSriw^v ,Jr<.fl» f fl'f"- °^ "^'i'''' P^S^ ^» '-"The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickmess, just as a belt of perspiration does iff a dirty forehead."

>« . ^ . °°'^°'^^ OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY

S14, Lichfield Road, Aston, Birmingham.

JlH. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

FOR SEWING

IKCACHINES.

TEADE MARK.

WALTER EVANS & CO.,

BO -A. It'S-H E .A. 13 COTTOlSr OS/I A. 1>T X7 F uA. C T O K. "2", ID E R, B '

EVANS'S SUPERIOR SIX CORD SEWING COTTON, ON SPOOLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED

ALSO

Superior Six-Cord Crochet Cotton, on Spools, in Skeins, and in Balls, for Sewing, Knitting, and Crochet, which

is especially recommended for all " first-class Crochet Work; " also for Guipure d'Art and Point Lace.
Maltese Thread, in Balls, 'White, Black, and Colors
Tatting Cotton, on Spools.

Patent Glace Thread, in White, Black, and Colors, on Spools and Cards.
Two AND Three Cord Sewings, on Spools, soft finish.
Sewings, in Balls.
Embroidering, Knitting, Mending, Cotton Cords, and Small Cords.

1862.

London Sshibition Prize Uedal,
awarded " for very strong &
most superior thread,"

1867.

Paris Oniversal Eshibitloa
Gold Uedal.

1873.

Vienna First Class Medal
" for Progress."

1878.

Paris TTniveisal Exhibition,
Silver Uedal.

THE ARISTON OIL COMPANY,

15, KIRBY STREET, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, E.G.,
MAKERS OF SPECIAL SEWING MACHINE AND BICYCLE OILS.

Wholesale and tor Export.

loLMES, PEARSON, MURTON & CO.,

MAIJUFACTUEEEB OF

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application,

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT,

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in-conatruotion. An ornament to every home, and the deUght of averr Trife.
^ Price, £6 10s. Rollers 32 iuchei, with BraBS Caps,

«»»»'«««— »»"" -

o^he sewing machine Gazette and jotJRNAL op domestic appliances.

Jak. 1, 1881.

B-Sr SI>EOI-A.3Li -A.ITOIIS^TlS/l:B]^TT'-

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

R. F. & J. ALEXANDER & CO

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTOBIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

OROFTHEAD WORKS, N E I LSTO N.

LONDON WAEEHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords—Soft and Glace Cottons.

o.^oE M/f,

■^i^fHt/fj^

SUN

Best Quality.

Moon

Medium Quality.

STAB

Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE PATENT

">EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

AEE

UNIVERSALLY

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PROOF,

DURABLE,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLIGHT

LUBRICATION.

EIBTITION. " SECmOH. FEONT VIEW.

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews,

SECTION.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATEITE CHAMPIONSHIP RACES on a Bicycle fitted with " ^olus " Bearingi,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five MUes.

In the SIX DAYS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and ioom odd
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

WILLIAM BOAVN.

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Kequisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B,— Considerable reduction in price of the " ^olus " Bearings this Season.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

TUB nSTE-W'

AMERICAN
BUTTON-HOLE,
OVER-SEAMING

AND

SEWING MACHINES.

MANUFACTURED BY THE

AMERICAN BUTTON-HOLE, OVER-SEAMING AND SEWING

MACHINE COMPANY,

OP '

The New Hand, Treadle and Manufacturing Machines are

SO LIGHT a child can run them,

SO SIMPLE they require no care.

SO STRONG they never wear out.

Self Setting Needle. Self Threading Shuttle. No Holes to Thread.

No Screw Driver necessary.

THE SELF-THREADING SHUTTLE

Is one of the chief attractions

of the

American Sewing Machine,

And is considered by all who
have used it to be one of the
Most Valuable Improvements
that has ever been introduced.

The Shuttle and Bobbin can be taken out and replaced with great facility in one-fourth the time usually
necessary with other Machines. The tensions are evenly adjusted without loss of time — the under tension being jelf-
regulating, and no threading-up required in the Shuttle.

Our Machines are unequalled for simplicity in construction, light running, durability, and do every kind and
variety of work done on other Lock Stitch Machines with greater rapidity, ease, and perfection. Price from
£4 4s. upv/ards.

THE "NEW" BUTTON-HOLE AND OVER-SEAMING MACHINE is specially adapted for the use o
Manufacturers of Boots (leather and lasting), Clothing, all kinds of Rubber Garments, Mantles, Cloaks, Dresses, &8
of all materials.

The Machine will make from four dozen to ten dozen button-holes per hour, and besides making a great saving ■
the cost of production, it secures a finish and uniformity to the work which is necessary to the fine and coarse grades
of material. Price £12 10s.

The highest medals have been awarded to the Machines made by this Company.

Valuable and important improvements have been made to all our Machines during the past six months.

Manufacturers, Merchants, Dealers, and others are invited to send samples of material in which button-holes
are required, which will be returned post-free with Price Lists, Illustrated Catalogues, and Testimonials.

AMMICAN BUTTON-HOLE, OVER-SEAMING & SEWING

MACHINE COMPANY.

SOLE AGENT FOR GREAT BRITAIN:

Isaac L. Berridge, Gallowtreegate, Leicester.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
"QRAND
PRIZE"

FOE

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE

PARIS
EXHIBITION, 1878.

R& W

ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH TREADLE

SEWINC mAC

From <£6 10s. Hand Machines from <£4 4s.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s,

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the " GEAND PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — -A- Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work from the finest to the thickest
in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work ....

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c , . -

The "Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1&2 Prices, £6 lOs., £7 lOs.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine j'et produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendericg it suitable to the lady's boudoir or fer travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, complete, £5 5s,

INSTRUCTION GRATIS TO ALL (whether purchasers or not) at any of our offices, a

good operators recommended to employers.

Machine ON HIRE with OPTION OF PURCHASE from 2/6 per Week, or from 10/- per Month.
EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED

Illustrated Catalogues and other Particulars, Post Free.

WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, J 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 73, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stevenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.

Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, S't. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, "West Grainger Street.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.
Manchester, 131, Market Street.

Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57. Tyrrel Street
Edinburgh, 7. Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street,
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Strest.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMEbTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1, 188].

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

After being engaged in litigation for nine years, The Singer Manufacturing Company, in
a Chancery Suit recently heard before Vice-Chancellor Sir James Bacon, have established their
exclusive right to the use of the name " Singer," as applied to Sewing Machines. The Public
are cautioned that " Singer" or " Singer's " Sewing Machines are only made by The Singer
Manufacturing Company, who keep them on sale at their offices in all the towns of the
United Kingdom.

SINGERS SEWING MACHINES

ARE

UNEQUALLED

because of their perfect
adaptability to every class of
sewing, from the finest mus
lin to the thickest cloth.

UNEQUALLED

because of their cheapness
and universal popularity.
Price from £4 43. For cash,
M.

PRICE

from

ARE

UNEQUALLED

because they are within the
reach of all. If unable to
pay cash, a " Singer's " ma-
chine can be had on hire at
S/B per week with option
of purchase and without any
addition to the price.

UNEQUALLED

for portability, excellence,
durability, and efllciency ;
and are so simple that a child
can work them.

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES, s/e

HAND OR TREADLE. PER WEEK.

BEWARE OF PERSONS, who, having no good trade repute of their own, use our
name, " SINGER," to palm off counterfeit machines of inferior construction and manufacture.

EVERY SINGER MACHINE has the Company's name printed on the Arm. and
impressed upon the Brass Trade Mark Plate.

TO AVOID DECEPTION, buy only at The Offices of the Singer Manufacturing
Company (formerly I. M. Singer and Co.).

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING OOMP

MANUFACTURERS OF

SINGEE' S__SEWmG_M ACHIIsrES.

CHIEF COUNTING HOUSE IN EUROPE:—

89. FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON,

AND 287 BRANCH OFFICES !N THE UNITED KINGDOM.

JAii. 1, 1881. THE SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 13

THE SINBER ^ANUFAOTORI

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES s

i47, Oheapside, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, "W. ; 61, High Street, Camdec Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (uow 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Olapham Road, S.W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, KiDgbland High Street, N, ;
I, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Koad,
Richmond, S.W. ; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4ii, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

iVccrington, 9, Peel-Btreet
■Vldershot, Vietoria-road
.Vlfreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylesbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church- street.
Banbury, Market Place
B.irnslcy, Eldon-street
Barrow-in-Furness, 11, Dalkeith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Boiiford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Bi^pfloswade, Shortmead-street
Binf^lpy, ir.iin-street.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
BiiTTiingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, "Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., Waterloo
Bnlton, 52, Newport -street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics* Instit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield -road
Brentwood, 3, Crown -street
Bi-ighton, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Kent), 18, High-street
Burnley, 110, St. James'-street
Burton -on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St. -Edmunds, 7&, St. John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bld^s., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Chcadle, High-Btrcet
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldgs.
Chichester, 54, East^street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckbeaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39. "Wellgate
Coahdlle, Station-^eet.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry, 12, Fleet-street (op.

Bablue Church)
Orewe, 67, Nantwich-poad
Darlington, 10, Prebend-row
t)artford, 18, High-strMt

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 3G. Park-street
Deiby, 22, "Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy-hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 5, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road

Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st,

Durham, 3, Neville-street i

Eastbourne, 46, Terminua-road
(two doors from post office)

Eccles, 31, Church-street

Exeter, 19, Queen street

Folkestone, Market-place

Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street

Grantham, 11, Wharf-road

Gravesend, 20, Ntw-road

Grimsby, 57, Preeman-stri>iC

Guernser, 17, Smith-street

Guildford, 161, High-street

Halstead, 53, High-street

Hanley, 48, Piccadilly

Harrogate, 11, "WestmorelanA-st.

Hastings, 4S, Robertson-street

HecInnondwike,2, Market-street

Hednesford, Station-street

Hereford, 57, Commercial-street

H( rtford, Forden House, Ware-
road

Hexham, 20, Market-place

High Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.

Hinckley, Castle-street

Huddersfield, 8, New-street

Hull, 61, Whitefriargate

Huntingdon, High-street

Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street

Ipswich, 19, Butter-market

Jersey, Ha, New-street

Keighley, 2, Market-place

Kendall, 8, Wildman-street

Kiddesminster, Bull Ring

Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)

Leamington, 38, Windsor-street

Leeds, 14, Boar-lane

Leek, 27, Rusaell-street

Leicester. 44. Granby-street

Lewes, 164, High-street

Liverpool, 21, Bold-street

Longton (Staffs.), 12, Market-ter.

Loughborough, 44, Market-place Saffron Walden. Chtireh-street

Lowestoft, 123, High-street | Salisbury, 56, Fishorv^n-strcct

Luton, 32, Park -street I^Salford, 4, Cross-,.ac.c- and 100,

Lynn, 9, Norfolk-Btreet i Regent-road

Uaiditcii^t 8, Eing-st^^^ I Bcexborongh, 30, Huncriaft-row

Maldon, High-street . r

(105, Market-street!
Manchester J 132, Cheetham-hill
( 438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, Hi^h-street
Mansfield, 32. Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshire-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street '
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport (I of Wight). 91,Pyle-st.
Newton Hpath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheelcrgate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Opcnshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegjite
Feterborooigh, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontofract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsca, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friar gate-street (op-
posite Lune-strect
Riimsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtcnstatl, Bank-street
Reading, 61. London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
IfApley, Market-place
lapon, 1, Bloasomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Roth-.'rham, 109. Main-street
Rugby, Lawtord-road
Runcorn, Hiirh-strcct
Ryde (Isle of Wights 78, Union-st.

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingborne, 64. Iligh-strcet
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 61 , Chxirch-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19. W^d-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station-street
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth. 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridire-.street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-Street
Truro, 13, Vietoria-piace
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-Ptreet
Warrington, 44, Hor.semarket-st.
Watford,' Queen'.s-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven. 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Wor'-ester, 2, <t. Nicholns-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles-street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, M;aket- street
Aberj'siwith, Market-hall
Builth, High->trcct
Cardiff, 5, Queen -street
Cannitrthen, 7, Lammas-strcct
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dulgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, I, Victoria-street
Newtown. Market-liall
Fontypool. Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Svaxkaeor 103, Oxford -street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethcrgate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West BlackhalLrt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock. 83, King-stree*
Kukcaldy, 69, Fligh-'^'reet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-cross
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. Jolin-etreet
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-stnet
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-strcot
Athlone, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena. 67 and 68, Church-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-fiirade
Drogheda, 97, (H- Oeorge's-street
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen. P, High-street
Fcrmoy, 1. King-street
Galwav, Domnick- street
Kilrusli, Moort-strcet
Kingstown, 602 Lower Gerirge-rt
Limerick, 31, 3 'atrick -street
1,011'londeiTy, 1. Carlislc-road
Muliiiigar, Greville-street
Navan, Trim gate-street
Newry, 18, Supar-isl.iNd
Parso'nstown, 2, Si ffins
Queenstown, Harbcur-row
Sligo, 45, Knox-stnet
Tralce. 40, Bridge-street
Wiiterford, 124, Quoy
WexXocd, Selaku-«tz«6^

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE

19, QUEEN VIGTOBIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Importers and Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITE FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for I -r-jy i Every machine
all work. J-i> Warranted for

12 various mTT-i7TT) 5 years. Legal
styles. |illrjlh,| guarantee

ATTRIBUTES,

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Hi
o

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this — the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine— or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G.

— !. ...'...,.-,;i,iW.j^-j-,-, j,..;v

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWma MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Machines for Family use, for the Workshop, and

for a Lady's Boudoir.

Every Machine Adjusted and regulated before
sending out. Satisfaction gtiaranteed.

Our Al Family Machine.

SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS.

The Simplicity of the Movement.
A child can operate it.
No fatigue to the Operator.
Lost motion from constant use instantly
_^ taken up.

g Attachments for every kind of fancy

work.
Ruffler and Braider of the newest

patents.
Will do any kind of work on any

material.

No. 3.— The Popular Style.

Extra Fine Cabinet AVork.

The Peerless Hand Machine, best in the

Market 3 IS 0

No. 1— Plain style Treadle 6 10 0

,, 2— Ditto, with Cabinet Cover 7 5 0

,, 3 — Extra ditto, plated wheel & fine work 9 0 0

,, 4 — Ditto, folding cover and drawers 10 0 0

,, 5— Ditto, full Cabinet style, inlaid pearl 16 16 0
,, 6 — Plain style, fancy cover and nest of

drawers 8 0 0

THE USUAL ATTACHMENTS

RETAIL PRICE LIST.

£ s. d.

No.6| — Plain style, cabinet cover and drawers 7 10 0
,, 7 — Extra style, cover, drop table and

work box 9 0 0

„ 8— A Superb Machine 10 0 0

,, 9 — The Ladies' Companion 12 12 0

,, 10 — A finely - finished Machine, artistic

wood work 10 0 0

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Our New Bias Cutter

AND

Perfect Band Folder,

^ THE LATEST PATENT. NONE
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The only Depot for the sale of this great

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Cabinet Machine.

LIBEE.AL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

The Ladies' Companion.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this — the latest Improved
and Best Silent Lock-StitchShuttle Sewing Machine — or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

19, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

TRADE

MARK

ANNUAL PRODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

TRADE

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POR TRADE,

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HEAVY STRONG

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MARK

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|S^ CARLSRUHE (Germany).

MARK

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WINK MACHINE

Warehouse.

Machine "Belt" iWa Oil

Manufacturers. BtHh Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.C.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROOHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &c.,

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pric. Lists Free, 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

TNAOlT^d^ MARK

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 17

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

NETT CASH, by the Half Doz.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved • •

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The ditto ditto Treadle

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The "COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE S"
The ditto Hand ditto

RETAIL.

WHOLESALE.

£4 14

£2 0

4 4

1 15

5 5

2 10

2 2

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6 10

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

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THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

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Price Lists and Samples 0/ WorA FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

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THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AWD JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

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First Prize /Medals, Honours & Awards, wherevex Exhibited.

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WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machiae, entirely New, with every

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WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
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LONDON. %

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

IMPORTANT CHANCERY SUIT

THE SINGER MANUFACTURINa COMPANY v. LOOG.

Judgment in the Coitrt of Appeal.

The hearing of the appeal from the decision of Vice-
Chancellor Bacon in this important cause, after hanging fire
for more than twelve months, was at last set down for hearing
on the 6th ult., but it was not till the morning of Dec. Tth
that the case was actually reached, and the appearance of the
Court when Sir Henry Jackson rose to open the pleadings on
behalf of the appellant was very strikingly in contrast to the
animated and almost excited aspect which the court below
presented when the cause was first heard in July, 1879.
There was no appearance of a crowd on any day of the present
hearing, and very often not more than five or six representa-
tives of the trade were present on either side. The absence of
Mr. Geo. B. 'VVoodrufif's familiar face was especially noticeable.
Like a wise man, be bad quitted our foggy shores a month or
two before, to spend his Christmas amid the warmth and sun-
shine of Australia. On the defendant's side of the house there
were only some two or three veteran litigants present — men
who have gone through this sort of thing before — as, for
example, Messrs. Runoieman and Newton Wilson, who were
daily in attendance, and manifested the most lively interest in
the proceedings. But the majority of the members of the
trade were not there. To the bnllt of them, no doubt, it
was a foregone conclusion that, whichever way the judgment
of the learned lords might tend, the only safe and profitable
course open to the sewing machine trade to-day is to try
and build up a name each man for himself, very wisely leaving
other people's alone ; consequently they stayed away, leaving
Mr. Loog to fight his battle out pretty much by himself. For
the Singer Manufacturing Company there appeared Mr. Kay,
Q.C. ; Mr. Benjamin, Q.O. ; Mr. Theodore Aston, Q.C. ; Mr.
Hemming, Q.C; and Mr. Eigby; while for the defendant
there appeared Sir Henry Jackson, Q.C. ; Mr. Webster, Q.C. ;
and Mr. Everitt ; the learned judges being Lord Justice
James, Lord Justice Cotton, and Lord Justice Lush,

The arguments of counsel occupied a very considerable
amount of time — several days in all, but as they were little
more than a recapitulation of the remarks that had been
addressed to the Vice-Chancellor on the first hearing, no useful
purpose would be served by their reproduction here. It was
pretty generally understood that, whichever way the decision
of the Lords Justices might tend, the case would be carried to
the House of Lords for fmal settlement, and as this duty has
been cast on the plaintiffs, there is very little doubt that, with
all convenient despatch, a hearing wiU be obtained before the
Court of Final Appeal, when this vexed yet simple question
wiU probably be decided for ever. The judgments of the
Lords Justices were listened to with the utmost attention by
those present, but the Court was at no time anything like half
filled.

Judgment.

Lord Justice James said : — In this case of the Singer Manu-
facturing Company v. Hermann Loog, it appears to me at the
conclusion of many days spent in ^reading evidence and argu-
ment, and comments made upon the evidence in this Court,
and which many days are after all a very short time compai'ed
with the very much greater number of days which were occu-
pied in the Court below, that the case is a very short and very

simple one, and I propose — as far as I am concerned — to deal

with it very shortly.

Upon the question of law which is involved in this case,
there is to my mind no dispute whatever ; I have often endea-
voured to express what I am going to express now, and pro-
bably I have said it in the same words, because it is very
difficult to find other words in which to express it — that is,
what my view of the law is, and that is, that no man is
entitled to represent his goods as being the goods of another
man ; and no man is permitted to use any mark, sign or
symbol, device, or other means whereby, without maldng a
direct false representation himself to a purchaser who _pm--
ohases from him, he enables such purchaser to tell that lie, or
to make that false representation to somebody else, who is
the ultimate customer. That being the law, and that being —
as it appears to me — a comprehensive statement of what the
law is unon the question of trade mark or trade designation, I
am of opinion that there is no such thing as a monopo y or a
property in the nature of a copyright, or in the nature of a
patent, in the use of any name. Whatever name is used to
designate goods, anybody may use that name to designate
goods, always subject to this, that he must not, as I said,
make directly or through the medium of another person a false
represe itation that his goods are the goods of another person.
That I take to be the law.

Now, applying that law to the facts of this case, I am of
opinion that the label, which the defendant was, as I conceive,
very well advised to discontinue the use of, and to submit to
be enjoined from using ip future, was calculated to deceive, and
was calculated to make a false representation as between some-
body who did not know who the real manufacturer was, and
his vendor, and that upon many grounds the label was of the
same shape, of the same metal, of the same colour, placed in
exactly the same position in which the Manufacturing Com-
pany's label was put, and it did contain the word '' Smger,"
no doubt with other words annexed to it, which might very
easily have become obliterated, or have become overlooked,
and, therefore, in my opinion, it comes entirely within those
cases in which it is calculated, and if calculated, must be
assumed to have been intended to make that false representa-
tion.

But when I come to the other documents, really, after all I
have heard, I am unable to see anything which could deceive
any human being. Then, first of all, it is said we must not
look at it as if we were looking at it ourselves, but consider
that these things, to some extent at all events, and in the
ultimate result, might get into the hands, and be the means,
and be made the means, of deceiving the class of persons
called tailors and seamstresses, and people of that kind, who
are supposed to be peculiarly liable to be unwary and easilj
taken in in such a matter as this.

Now I cannot agree quite in that. I am myself of opinion
that that class of persons in a matter of their own trade, in
buying their own trade tools, or their own trade machines,
are, I should think, as sharp, as acute, and as suspicious as
anybody, and that they would be so careful in getting the i-eal
article which they went to buy, that they would have their

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMEbTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

intellect starpened to a great extent, so that they would be as
ready to detect any sign of spuriousness as a bank clerk who
has been in the habit of dealing with such matters would be
to detect whether a sovereign is bad or not, or
whether a bank note is a forgery. Whatever be the
class of persons who buy these things, we must
at all events imply that they are persons capable of
reading and writing, or capable of reading at all events.
How does it stand to begin with ? A Mr. Hermann Loog has
got an ofBce or counting-house at 128, London- wall, London.
It does not appear, and there is nothing in the evidence to
show, that the shop has anything in its external appearance,
by any name or any designation, which would induce people
to go there to buy the machines of the plaintiff company.
The defendant is the wholesale agent of manufacturers, and,
so far as it appears to me from the evidence, he invites the
public, to begin with, to come and deal with him, by using
the circular, which I take to be the first thing. The circular
says where he is, what he is, and what it is he is offering to
the public.

Now he says this in very large type, with a picture of the
place of his manufactory. " The improved Wheeler Wilson
and Singer systems, manufactured by the Sewing Machine
Manufactimng Company, late Frister and Rossmann, Berlin."
Well, stopping there, how is it possible for anybody who can
read to suppose that a man who is offering an improved
Wheeler Wilson or the Singer system manufactured by the
Sewing Machine Manufacturing Company, late Frister and
Eossmann, Berlin, was offering something of the plaintiffs,
and the man who was buying under this circular was really
induced to buy a thing supposing it was made by the plain-
tiffs ? But then the thing goes on in the plainest terms to
say, " We are competing with them ; we know they are good,
but we are better." They say this first of all, their manufac-
tory " is the only manufactory in Germany where sewing
machines on the Wheeler Wilson and on the Singer system are
produced on a really large scale. With the aid of the most
complete and costly machinery, and all the newest improve-
ments, every part of the machine is turned out in a style
not to be surpassed." Then after a little they say, " Our
two systems, namely, Wheeler Wilson and Singer, are those
which are mostly in demand ; they both answer the same
purposes, and it would be difficult to establish a dif-
ference of their respective values ; and yet we find one
prefers this system, one the other; indeed, we find that the
prefeiential difference extends to whole districts, for while in
some towns we can only sell Wheeler Wilson's, in others
Singer's only are in favour, and thus it seems almost natural
that every buyer gives preference to that system which
happens to be particularly recommended to him. We, as
manufacturers, can recommend both with equal confidence, and
we can confidently assert that the finest muslin to the very
thickest cloth will be worked with perfection on all our
machines. We also refer to our instruction book given with
every machine, and by means of which every one can do any
kind of work without other assistance. We may still mention
that our machines are all of one standard quality, and the
difference in price only refers to more or less ornamental work.
Our Wheeler Wilson machines, contrary to those of most of
our competitors, are provided with rotating hook and feed-
bar of best hardened steel, instead of cast iron. Our Singer
machines are made with the loose wheel arrangement, which
greatly economises the labour of spooling, and is a saving of
quite 25 to 30 per cent, in the wear and tear of the machine ;
they are also provided with feed points," and so on. "We
can also supply with every Singer treadle machine an appliance
by which it can at will be converted into a hand machine."
Nobody who reads that, who'is capable of reading at all, or
capable of entertaining an idea at all, whether a tailor or
a seamstress, or any other person, could have the slightest
doubt that they were in competition with the plaintiffs. I
think I passed a sentence in which they say, "Ours are better
than the so-called originals" — that they are competing with
the maker. They say in so many words, " We enter into com-
petition with all other makers of machines; you must come to
us and see whether " ours are not the best.
Well, that, as I understand, is the thing by which the world

and the public are invited to come to them, by which anybody
is invited to come to the counting-house of Mr. Loog. Well,
anybody who comes there, or comes to him, knowing him to be
the agent for the Manufacturing Company at Berlin, receives
from him, apparently upon request as far as we know, or some
application, a jrice list of the machines which they are selling,
as it is stated. They perceive this pi-ice list of the Sewing
Machine Manufacturing Company, late Frister and Bossmann,
Limited, 128, London-wall, London, E.G., then a price list
which is marked " private." That would be a private list in
order that the ultimate customer should not see it. The
meaning of the price list is that those are the prices to their
own customers, the dealers, not to be shown to all the world,
because their customers would not like the ultimate customers
to know the price they are paying for the machines. This is
the private wholesale price list, not intended to be communi-
cated to the whole of the world, and therefore it is a private
wholesale price list. It is supplied to those who apply to them
as wholesale dealers, and who are going to sell them again; it
is "Wheeler Wilson Improved System " and "Singer Improved
System." Well, what is there in that from which anybody
could suppioss (unless the word "Singer" is supposed to be
enough to do it) that they are getting the article of the Singer
Manufacturing Company ? I protest I am unable to see how,
by this thing being put into anybody's hands, he could be
deceived. The iirst person, beyond all question, could not be
deceived. How could this enable anybody in the world to
represent to a subsequent purchaser, " You want to have
machines from the manufactory which has hitherto been
supplied to you; now this shows you that we have got it."
It is a very idle and very far-fetched supposition. What is the
meaning of " Singer Improved System p" It is said that word
could not be honestly put in, because there is no such thing as
a " Singer Improved System ;" that the words could only be
put in to introduce the word " Singer," that it is mere colour,
and the word "Singer" was put in to produce the impression
that what was meant was the manufactured article of the
plaintiffs. The " Wheeler Wilson Improved System " and the
" Singer Improved System " to my mind have a very
intelligible meaning ; whether you call it a " system,"
or whether you call it a "principle," it has a
very intelligible meaning to my mind. We have them
all here. They are Singer Machines which are to have certain
qualities .ind certain names, and there are different ones, three
or four or five ; the three principal ones which they use, each
one has some difference, but they are all on the same principle,
part of the same system. The three constitute the "Singer
Improved System," and the man says, I use the same system,
and I have got the same machines exactly in point of
arrangement and construction, and form ; and, in point of
fact, I use the same system, and I have got them arranged in
the same way. That disposes to my mind of that document.

Well, the next document is the invoice about which so much
has been said. First of all, the invoice is only given to a person
who has first of all come in and bought an article. The
invoice could be no false representation to a person who knows
exactly what he has bought, and who is merely having a
memorandum of that purchase. He takes away the invoice
from him, which invoice again is headed with a beautiful
picture of 'a manufactory, and three addresses, Paris, Brussels,
and 128, London Wall ; and above that " Hermann Loog on
account' of the Sewing Manufactory Co., late Frister &
Rossmann, Limited." Then one of the things is called the
" Square Treadle Machine " which is not the name of any one
of the plaintiff's machines ; for I do not think they used the
term " treadle " for any of theirs. It is called the " Singer
Treadle Machine" — that is to say, as between them that is
what it was. They do not say in so many words, " Our Smger
Treadle Machine," or, " One of our Treadle Singer Machmes,"
or " Frister & Rossmann's Treadle Singer Machines ;" but that
is not necessary because both parties knew exactly what they
were dealing with, and one party gets an invoice with a receipt
for the purchase money which he has given for the machine.
There could be no deception. But it is suggested that this docu-
mentcouldbe ormight be used to enable the man who has bought
this— having this invoice— to say, " Now this is the machine
which I bought from this company. This is the invoice which I

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWIKG MACHHSTE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

got for that mactine, and look here, do not you see in this invoice
it is called the ' Singer Treadle Machine ?' Can you doubt
that this is one of the Singers that you want to get — that that
is one of the machines of the Singer Manufactiiring Com-
pany ?" That to my mind is far too remote. It is too wide a
suggestion. Of course, if a man is minded to tell lies, he can
tell them without being assisted, because really this document
is not the sort of document which ever woidd be shown by a
man who is selling a thing and charging three or four pounds,
or whatever the price may be ; he would not be showing- a
document by which it would appear that he only gave two or
three pounds for it. That is intended to be kept as private as
the price list, and would, in the ordinary course of business, be
kept as private and as confidential as the price list between the
first vendor and the second vendor.

Then it is said this is strengthened by a purchaser from the
defendant issuing a notice of this kind, which, it is said, they
knew of, and that therefore they sanctioned this thing being
done. I believe that is not one of the things which is charged
in the pleadings, but this is " Hoyle, 22 and 24, Warwick-
street, Fimlico." He advertises a treadle machine on the
Wheeler and Wilson principle, and a treadle machine on the
Singer principle, with a mahogany cabinet. Again, I say that
is precisely telling anybody who chooses to read, that the thing
is not a Singer machine, but something like a Singer machine —
made in the same way, and possessing the same merits as the
machines of the Singer Company. I am of opinion, therefore,
that this case wholly fails, that there is no evidence whatever,
except as regards the label, that the defendant has done any-
thing which, either in itself directly or in the ultimate result
indirectly, would make that a false representation which it is
said is the foundation of all this kind of action.

Now, a great quantity of the evidence on both sides went to
one issu8 — as to whether there was such a thing as a " Singer
principle," and whether there was such a thing as a "Singer
system" — whether the name "Singer" did originally indicate
the manufactory, or indicate the particular kind of thing. Well,
a great deal of evidence went to show that of late years it has
grown into being the name of the thing, and that was so
through a series of wrongful acts of different persons. Now
on that, the issue as to what extent the word " Singer" may
or may not be used does not seem to me to arise in the present
case between the Singer Manufacturing Company and Mr.
Hermann Loog ; and therefore I decline to enter into that part
of the case, or to intimate any opinion on that question.

Lord Justice Cotton: The question we have to consider in
the present case is this — whether the defendant has represented
that the goods manufactured by him were manufactured by
the plaintiffs, or whether he has done anything calculated so to
represent. I quite agree it is unnecessary that a fraudu-
lent intention in using the thing complained of should be
established. If the natural consequence of those things —
even in circumstances not known to him — is, that they will
represent his goods to be those of another person, it is wrong-
ful, and, as this Court says, a fraud in him to continue the use,
after those circumstances are brought to his knowledge. Well
now, we must consider whether he has represented, or done,
that which is natuial, and in its natural sense reasonably cal-
culated to give that misrepresentation, and we must consider
what is relied upon. First, I will put otit of the question a
great deal of argument, and that which really occupied the
greater part of the time of the Court below, because the evi-
dence was very much directed to that. The plaintiifs desired
to get a judgment in this case from the Court here, and pos-
sibly from the House of Lords, as to whether or no the name
"Singer" could be held simpHciter, and by itself, to describe
the machines made by them; whether, in fact, "Singer"
was to be taken to be " as made by the Singer
Manufacturing Company,'' or " made by the Singer
Manufacturing Company." Although in one of the matters
complained of in this case as having been done by the
defendant, there is the expression "Singer" — which I will
deal with presently ; in my oisinion that is not an issue which
arises here, because I do not find in the acts complained of by
the defendant— with the exception of the bill — that he does call
his goods "Singers." Therefore, in my opinion, we are not

called upon to express an opinion whether " Singer " has now
arrived at the secondary meaning, " as made by the Singer
Manufacturing Company," or whether it bears the meaning of
" made ;" but in every case it must depend of course upon the
context whether the word is to be read — as, in fact, "made
by," or " as made by ; " and therefore it is impossible almost
to lay down any general proposition as to the right to use that
name which might not be calculated to mislead in some other
case which may arise. I will only siy this — the label is out
of the question, because the defendant has conceded — and I
think perfectly rightly conceded — that he wag not justified in
using that label. That concession has been attempted to be
used by the plaintiffs as an admission of their right in all
things.

Now I say that it would be most unfortunate if we were
induced to give to that concession the effect complained of as
regards those things which are the other matters, because it
is often said, and often said justly by the Court, when a defen-
dant says, " This matter was to me of no consequence what-
ever. I used it without any fraudulent intention, and without
any desire to misrepresent or to gain fictitious credit." " Why
did you not give it up at once ; you have gone on fighting to
the last, and you cannot be heard to say, it is of no import-
ance ? " Here, I think, the defendant was well advised to say,
" I will give up that." Whether he was right or not in that
I consider is of no importance ; but even if it was wrong to
use the word " Singer," as he did on that label, that would in
no way, in my opinion, rule or decide that he might not use
even the same words that he there used on a document,
such as a circular or bill, if he had done so. Wuy ?
I perfectly agree that if there are words which in
tei'ms mis - state and misrepresent the manufacturer of
the goods, it is immaterial whether that is found on a label or
on a circular, or on anything else; but where the words are not
in terms on the statement the effect and meaning of the terms,
and the effect, as combined with the label on which they are,
may be very different when they are found on a label on the
machine, and when they are found in a circular ; because if we
find that the label is like that of a rival manufacturer, and is
on the place on the machine where he indicated by whom the
michine was made, the use of ambiguous words — if capable of
of being construed to mean that this machine was made by
somebody who was not the maker, when put in that place may
well be taken, and naturally would be taken, to repi-esent that
they were a description of the maker, and not a mere descrip-
tion of the machine or the kind of machine. I pass that by,
putting it aside for the present, although I will refer to it by-
and-by for another purpose. The label, in my opinion, cannot be
construed as an admission by the defendant that he was wrong
in other things.because he has conceded he could not defend the
use of that label with the word " Singer " upon it. Putting that
aside for the moment, what are the things relied upon ? They
are these — and I will take them in what I think their natural
order; we have the circular; we have the price-list ; and we
have the bill-heads. I will consider them separately ; although,
as far as I can see, that is not really the burden which the
defendant has to discharge; beciuse one can see that the cir-
cular is sent round to those with whom he is dealing. When
they offer to deal with him they get the price-list, and when
they have dealt with him they get the bill. When we have to
deal separately with the subsidiary use which might be made
by the purchasers from him when they get these docu-
ments, one must remember this — that here we have a
wholesale dealer — that is to say, as I understand, one who,
although selling single machines, would sell only to those in
the trade — such as a man who is a retail dealer, or who he
supposed was so, and who came to him in that
character. That gets rid of a great deal of the argument, at
least for the present purpose, as to the primary use of this and
the argument in favour of the ignorant seamstress who might
see this document. But when one comes to this, all that one
finds in these documents is a representation — and that was
most relied upon — that the improved Wheeler Wilson and
Singer systems are manufactured by these persons, the Sewing
Machine Manufacturing Company. I pass by that which was
pressed upon US about the "Sewing Machine Manufacturing

THE SEWING MACHliSTE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. i, l88i.

Company." It can hardly be suggested that was an imitation
of the name of the " Singer Manufacturing Company;" but
here there is no statement whatever in terms that the machines
are "Singer machines," except in combination with other
words which show that they arc " Our Singer Machines,"
or " Singer Machines, competing with the original Singer
machines.'' But it is said — and that was very much urged
upon us- -that "Singer system" was in fact a statement that
these were Singer machines without any qualification ; that
is, machines made by the Singer Manufacturing Company.

Is that a reasonable interpretation of those words ? In the
first place, we have this. We have the Wheeler Wilson and
Singer systems. A great deal of the argument addressed to
us was that "Singer system" meant nothing, and that "a
system" meant nothing; and that "Singer" must be put
there in order to represent that the machines which were
offered for sale were made by the Singer Manufacturing
Company. But could it be contended that there were not
two systems (whether that is the most accurate word or not
is another question) represented, on the one hand, by the
Wheeler Wilson, and, on the other, by the Singer. As I
understand, even the witnesses for the plaintiffs pointed out
differences of construction between the Wheeler Wilson and
the Singer — that is to say, the machines made by Wheeler
Wilson and the machines made by the Singer Manufacturing
Company ; and when one sees that, it at once gets rid
of a great deal of the argument in favour of the
plaintiffs in the present case. But I am unwilling to
leave it there. Assmning that "Singer system" stood
alone, could it be said that " system " was so
entirely fallacious, and so entirely a non-existing thing, that
the references to " Singer " must be introduced there in the
phrase "Singer system" for the purposes of deception ? I
am not dealing now with the point whether " Singer machine"
means " as made by the Singer Company," or " made by the
Singer Company." But what we do find is this, that through
a seiies of years (and I go no further back than 1865, for a
reason I will explain presently), we do find in the specifica-
tions, and we do find in the catalogue, and we do find in other
things words such as these. In 1865 in a specification " the
well known arrangement of the ' Singer ' machines ; " in 1866
" the ordinary ' Singer ' machines," and then in 1872 " the class
of machines called ' Wheeler Wilson ' and ' Singer,' " and then
I think in a catalogue in the year 1875, we find what is known
as " the ' Singer ' Sewing Machine." That points, not for the
purpose of establishing as against the plaintiffs that there was
a distinct system of mechanism in these, but that there was
something which not only the public, but those who prepared
these specifications, did describe, accurately or inaccarately, in
those terms.

Well, then, there is something more. It is said, and perfectly
truly, that the case stands differently — that is to say, more
favourably to the plaintiffs than it would have done if they had
had for years this machine in its entirety protected by letters
patent. There were no such letters patent which protected it.
That must, I think, be taken as proved, but we do find that
they on several occasions assumed to interfere with persons
who were selling machines made like theirs, because they said,
" You are violating our letters patent;" and that was to some
extent acquiesced in, and in other cases it was contested and
the patents were, so to speak, broken down. Taking all
those things together, can we say that the reference to
" Singer system" issoabsurdastoinduceustocometotheconclu-
sion that "Singer" is here introduced in combination with
" system " — not for the purpose of pointing oiit a particular
construction or manufacture, or configuration of machine, but
for something ehe.

Now, I said I wordd come to 1865 for a particular reason. I
omitted the reference to the specification of 1862 because that
was not wanted for the purpose of enforcing what I said.
Mr. Aston used it for the purpose of answering the argument
that these patents, and the expressions in them, are to be
received. He says, in 1862 we have a specification which
speaks of "the well-known ' Singer' machine," or "the ordi-
nary ' Singer ' machine ; " and he said ' ' the ordinary ' Singer '
machine " there referred to, as shown by the drawings, was one
that had not that goose neck which is stated to be looked upon

and regarded by persons as one of the indications of "the
ordinary ' Singer ' machines" as contendedforby the defendant.
But we have to consider, not what was the ordinary Singer
system in the year 1862, not from the end of the 60's — at least,
I think, it went back to 1864-65 — but what have been the three
classes of machines well known in the market, and, as some
witnesses say, the only machines known in the market.
Certainly those best known, and those most piirchased, have
been the three classes, the "Family," the "Medium," and
" Manufacturing Singer " — substantially in the form and of the
construction adopted in the present time; and, therefore,
when we are considering what is the meaning of " Singer
system" in this circular, published sometime not before 1877,
I think we must look and see what was recognised and meant,
and reasonably meant, by the " Singer system " — what the
IDublic, who well knew these three classes of machine, at that
time would consider as the statement of the " Singer system."
I have gone into this probably at greater length than it
deserves, because it turns on a very short point ; but the result,
in my opinion, is that we cannot properly come to the conclu-
S'on that "Singer System" was intended as a simple device
to represent the things as Singer machines made by the Singer
Company under the guise of speaking of Something which did
not exist — viz., the "Singer System." I say it is impossible
to suppose tha.t any purchaser from the defendant, a
wholesale purchaser, could be deceived by the repre-
sentations which are contained in that circular. I may
then dispose of this as regards any others. If that was put
into the hands of any other worker, male or female, in my
opinion they would see nothing which could mislead them, or
be constructed by them as a representation that those were
" Singer Machines " made by the Singer Company, and not
machines made in accordance with the system adopted by that
company — that is, upon the system of construction, or what-
ever it may be which was adopted by that company. Now
we have something more. We have the price list. It was
said that was oast broadcast about, and that is misleading. If
that were so I see not how a price list, speaking of " Wheeler
Wilson Improved System," and "Singer Improved System"
can be a statement that those machines were Singer machines
in the sense of being made by the Singer Company. And hei e
one must observe, as possibly I ought to have observed before,
with reference to that, that it has been conceded, and must bi
conceded, that it was within the perfect right of the defendant
to gain this benefit from the credit and advertisements of the
Singer Company ; and that he might say, if he did not say so
in a way calculated to mislead, "I make the machines exactly
the same as those which were made by the Singer Company,
and which are as good, or better than the machines manu-
factured by the Singer Manufacturing Company." That he
would have a perfect right to do ; and although no doubt by
so doing he would gain a benefit from the credit and advertise-
ments of the Singer Company, and from the course which
they have adopted, he would be doing nothing which the
plaintiffs could complain of as wrongful ; for he has a right to
state that, although not to state that his machines are in fac t
made by somebody else. Well, it is assumed these are scattered
about, a.ud that there is something misleading in them ; but,
as I pointed out to Mr. Aston in the argument, prima facie,
and in the absence of evidence to the contrary, this is private
and sent by the defendant to retail dealers, who buy from
them, not that they may tell their customers what is in this,
but that they may know on what terms the wholesale company
are willing to supply them with these machines, and which
would naturally, unless there is evidence to the contrary, be
accompanied by that circular.

Now we have another document, and that is one which I
agree is most favourable to the plaintiffs. It is the invoice,
and I must say it is the only document which gave me any
doubt about the conduct of the defendant. This is the invoice,
and there is "Singer Hand Machine, No. 14," as the property
sold. Of course, that could not be deceptive to the person who
bought from the plaintiffs ; but it was urged, and that was the
only point on which I really doubted durmg the course of the
argument, as to whether it might or might not be used as an
instrument of deception by the purchasers from the plamtiffs
when they were selling again. In my opinion, if a man does

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWnia MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

that the natural consequence of which, although it does not
deceive the person with whom he deals, and is, therefore, no
misrepresentation by him, is to enable that other person to
deceive and pass off his goods as somebody else's, for that he
is answerable. But in that case he is confined, in the absence
of evidence, to those things which ai'e the natural uses or the
necessary uses, it might almost be said, viz., that of accom-
panying the things sold. For instance, the corks of champagne
bottles marked " Moet and Chandon," they must be in the
bottles sold and must accompany the bottles. They must ac-
company the thing to the retail buyer. And so must labels
to be put on the bottles. The very reason for their existence
is that they must be put on the bottles, and, if they are decep-
tive and fraudulent, and can be used probably in that way,
then the person who prepares them is answerable for it. They
must not bo used if their natural and legitimate consequence is
not to deceive the person to whom they are sold, but to enable
the seller to pass off the goods as being goods of other persons.
But here, in my opinion, that is not the natural or the neces-
sary consequence of it. Here it is the invoice accompanying
the goods sold to a person, who, as I have already stated, has
not been deceived in buying from the wholesale dealer — that is,
from the defendant ; and as the evidence is that it was kno-wn
that the course was to deal in this way, I must take it that
the natural consequence was, not that they should be shoAvn
to the retail purchasers, and the defendant cannot be charged
with any abuse of this, even if there would be an abuse. Of
course if the use of the word " Singer " meant "as made " that
would be out of the question, but 1 do not decide that ques-
tion. But we have no evidence, according to the ordinary
course of dealing-, this was naturally or probably so used as to
deceive. I must say this, that at the time when this circular
was used, it could not have been used for that purpose, nor
could that have been the natural consequence. There was on
the machine here described a label, and that label, if it said
anything, said it was a " Singer Machine" — that is, made by
the plaintiff company ; and in considering what was the natui-al
use or object of those bdl-heads, one cannot but have regard
to that fact, and you find that when pm-chasers from the de-
fendant do advertise what they have to sell (it is put in by
the plaintiffs, or I should not have referi-ed to it), they advertise
it as the system, and not as made by the company, because we
have that notice of the Wheeler Wilson principle and the
Singer principle, and it was brought forward by the other
side.

That being so, in my opuiion we have no representation
made or anything done which natirrally makes a representation
to the buyers from the defendant that the goods which the
defendant sold were made by the plaintiff company ; and in my
opinion, therefore, except as regards the label, the case faUs.
To that the defendant has submitted.

Now I vnll say one word upon that. It was urged that,
having regard to the admitted wrongful use of that label, we
ought to uphold that everything else done was done 7nala
animo, and was fradulent. In my opinion, that would be
wrong. I should be prepared to hold that the label could not
be used, but in my opinion it would be wrong to give to these
documents and to the representations contained in them that
which, in my opinion, they did not justify and naturally bear,
simply because at the time the defendant was issuing these
documents he had done something which, as against the
plaintiffs, was wrongfid. We cannot, in my opinion, construe
these documents in the absence of any fradident intent or uses
of those documents by the reflected light of the use of that
label.

Now there is one other matter which I must mention
before I conclude, and that is, the cases which have been
referred to. I think if it had not been for the case in the
House of Lords, this case would probably hardly have taken
the time which it has done. There are two ways in which that
case was m-ged upon us ; but the decision, in my opinion, has
no bearing on this case. No doubt in moving that the matter
should go back again for a new trial, the Lord Chancellor did
intimate an opinion that a prima facie case had been made out
by the plaintiffs to be answered. Some of the other Lords,
Lord Blackburn, I think, rather differed from him. No new
law was laid down in that case. AU that is said there is, that

fraud in the act done was not material, if it was calculated to
deceive, and I thmk the Lord Chancellor, Lord Cairns, said
something in moving the judgment of the House very like
what I have said, that if the natiu'al consequence of all the
facts is to deceive, it becomes a wrong and a fraud if, after
notice of those facts, a man continues and insists on going on
with them ; therefore, no new law whatever, as far as I under-
stand, was laid down by the House of Lords in that case.

Well, that being so, we ought not, in my opinion — and I s ay
it with the greatest respect for the House of Lords — to be
influenced in arriving at a decision on the question of fact in
this case because they, upon the evidence there and the docu-
ments there, arrived at a conclusion, at least in the mind of
one of the noble lords, in favour of the plaintiffs. The
statement was a different one, and it was " Singer
Machine" simpliciter, and the person who was using that
was not a wholesale dealer only, but he was a retail dealer,
and it was vnth reference to that, that a good many of the
observations of the Lord Chancellor were addressed. There
is nothing, in my opinion, in that case, or in the speeches
made by the noble lords, which is in any way inconsistent or
at variance with the decision at which we have now arrived,
If there had been, I should of coui'se have bowed, whatever
my opinion was, to the decision of the House of Lords.

Then there was a case referred to in the Scotch Courts.
There the evidence is in no way evidence against the defendant
ill the present case, even if it were relevant to the issue to be
tried. There the judges of the Court of Session laid down as
law (though we should not be bomid in any way by their
opinion), as far as I can see, nothing as law which is at all
inconsistent with what we hold to be the law. The facts in
that case differing, as they no doubt did, from the facts of
this case, ought not to prejudice the defendant's case or in-
fluence us any more than the facts there can be received by us
any more than the facts there can be received by us as facts
here in deciding this case.

The decision, in my opinion, of the Vice-Chancellor, except
as regards the label, cannot be supported.

Lord Justice Lush : I am of the same opinion. The question
before us is a very simple one, and it ought to have taken a
much shorter time than it has. It has Leen so overladen and
obscured by a mass of evidence, and by a line of argument
entirely beside the mark, and it has required more than an
ordinary effort to keep before the mind what the simple
question is. We are not dealing with the validity of a patent.
The plaintiffs, the Singer Manufacturing Company, have no
monopoly in the manufacture of sewing machines, the patents
which they had exjjired some years ago, and it is now open to
all the world to make the identical machines which they make
and to imitate theirs in every particular. Nov have they any
right of property in the name of " Singer " in the sense in which
they seek to use it — namely, in the sense that they can restrain
every competitor from using the word '• Singer " as descriptive
of the kind of machine, however he may qualify and explain it
in connection with the use of the word. There is no such thing,
to my mmd, as a property in a word in that sense. What they
have a right to require is that which is common to every
manufacturer — namely, that no competitor shall be at liberty to
put off goods of his own manufacture as being goods of the
manufacture of another. That is the right which they have,
and no other; and the question here is, that which has
been stated by each of my learned brethren ; has the defeni^-
ant, in hia mode of carrying on his business, represented in
any way to those who bought his machines, that thej' are
buying the machines which are the manufacture of the Singer
Manufacturing Company ? If he has, then he is guilty of a
fraud towards the buyer, because upon that supposition he has
misled the buyer, and consequently been guilty of a fraud
towards the Singer Manufacturing Company ; because upon
the same hypothesis he has deprived them of a customer. But
if he has not, it does not signify that he has sold identically
the same machine, or that he has put a name upon them
which is the same name they use, if he takes care that he
does not so use that name or word as to convey to the buyer
the meaning that they have been manufactured by the other
company.

Now I put aside, as altogether now out of the case, the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. i, l88i.

metal mark which the defendant once put upon these machines
— not I believe upon all of them, but upon some of them. It
very much resembled in shape, in coloiu', and in the position
in which be placed it on the machine, the trade mark of the
Singer Manufacturing Company. If that had been continued,
I think there would have been a fair cause for complaint on
the part of the company that persons might easily be misled,
by the look of that piece of metal, into supposing that they
were buying the Singer Manufacturing Company's machine.
But in tJie early stage of this suit the defendant sur-
rendered and abandoned that and undertook never to use
it again. But the company was not content with that ; they
went on in the endeavour to prevent his using that word
" Singer " in any sense whatever in coimection with his sewing
machines, and that is the question which we have now to
decide before us. As I have said, the question is not whether
he used the word " Singer," but whether in using that word
as he did, he represented, or led the buyers to understand as
reasona ble persons, that they were buying a machine which had
been manufactured by the Singer Company. I can see no
evidence whatever, apart from that piece of metal, which I
treat as abandoned, because when the case came on for trial it
was out of the question, and it is out of the question now, of
any intention whatever on the part of the defendant to do
that, or in anything which he issued calculated to lead the
buyer to suppose he was buying the machine manufactured by
this Company. His handbills say expressly that the machines
are made by the German house, and that they are made upon
the system . They make both what are called the ' ' "Wleeler
Wilson system " and the " Singer system," which clearly tells
those who buy from them that they are not buying machines
made by Singer, but buying machines made like the Singer.
His price list, which has already been observed upon, makes the
same distinction; and, whenever he sells themachineshe delivers
with the machine this pamphlet entitled "Directions for the use of
Frister and Eossmann's shuttle machines on Singer's improved
system." How can that possibly mislead any person into the
supposition that he is buying any machine actually made by
the Singer Company ? It expressly states the machines are
made by Frister and Eossmann. That was the name of the
German house whicti has since become incorporated in
Germany and now has the name of the Sewing Machine
Manufacturing Company. That is the name which the sub-
sequent lists and directions bear. The name of the plaintiffs
is the " Singer Manufacturing Company." This name of the
defendant's company is entirely different ; and, moreover, it is
always stated as being a German company situate at Berlin.
So much for what he does. He takes off the plate from the
machine and it is accompanied always with this book of direc-
tions, which tells the buyer what he has got — namely, a
machine made by the German company. I take the price list
because he sells only wholesale, and the buyer knows at once
he is purchasing a thing made upon the plan of the Wheeler
Wilson and the Singer system, but made by the German com-
pany. The invoice has already been observed upon by Lord
Justice Cotton. That comes afterwards, and taking that
altogether, it has the figure at the top of the German manu-
factoi-y, and it has the words there which would plainly indi-
cate to a person of common sense that he is buying a thing
not made by Singer, but by somebody else.

Then we come to the evidence of the sales in the particidar
cases. There were only two sales proved, and they were sales
to persons sent by the Singer Company to get evidence. They
knew perfectly well what they were buying. They were not
deceived. Nor is there any evidence that any single individual
ever bought a machine from the Defendant upon the sup-
position that he was buying one of the Singer's machines.
Nay, further, it has been argued that althoguh those who
immediately bought of him were not deceived, inasmuch as
they bought for retail sellers, they might be enabled to repre-
sent to their customers that they were Singer's machines. The
answer to that is, if they did that they did what he never
authorised them to do, because if they sold as they bought,
they ought to have given with every one they sold to every
customer this book of directions for use. That is supplied with
every machine, and there is nothing on the machine itself, the
plate being gone, which would lead anybody to suppose they

were buying a machine of the Singer Manufacturing Company.
That argument entirely fails. Moreover, there is not a tittle
of evidence from beginning to end that any single buyer from
any agent of theirs bought on the supposition he was buying a
Singer sewing machine. Then to my mind the action entirely
fails. Tbe learned Vice-Chancellor came to the conclusion, as
a matter of inference from the evidence, that there
had been such a misrepresentation that persons might be
deceived who bought them into the supposition that
they were buying Singer's machines. I can only
say, that sitting as we do here to review that decision, and
sitting here and exercising the functions of a jury, which the
Vice-Chancellor did also — if I were in any doubt whether the
Vice-Chancellor was right or wrong in that inference, I ought
not to overrule it, because I hold that the Court of Appeal has
no right to overrule the Judge on a question of fact, unless they
are satisfied on the evidence that the inference of the Judge
was wrong. Nor ought we to set aside the verdict of a jury
unless we are satisfied the jury was wrong. It is not enough
to say, if we were sitting on the jury we should come to a
different conclusion. Therefore, taking that to be the principle
on which we are acting, I come to the conclusion clearly in my
own mind that the inference drawn by the learned Vice-
Chancellor is entirely erroneous, and that the evidence in this
case does not warrant the conclusion that anything which the
defendant did connected with tbe sales of these machines
was calculated to mislead the purchaser or anybody
else into the supposition that he was buying a
machine belonging to the Singer Company. As I have said
before, the idea seems to have possessed the mind of the com-
pany, and to a certain extent the minds of those who h'ive
represented the company here, that the Singer Company had
some special prerogative, either in the manufacture of Singer
needles or sewing machines or in the name " Singer." I think
that is an entire mistake. If any person sold a machine,
simply calling it "the Singer machine," then another question
would have arisen. Then would have arisen the question
whether a buyer at this time would understand by that, that
he was buying a machine of the manufacture of Singer, or
whether when he was buying a machine the word " Singer"
was descriptive of the kind of machine, so as to be likened to
" Hansom " in the case of a hansom cab which has been often
spoken of, and which is a very good illustration. No man
speaking at the present day of a hansom cab speaks of it as
a cab made by Mr. Hansom ; but be speaks of the kind of cab
which bears that name ; and possibly the time has come when
the Singer machine, if it were called a " Singer machine,"
might be now popularly imderstood to mean not a machine
made by anybody of the name of Singer or the Singer com-
pany, but a machine of the description and kind known as the
"Singer machine." However, as I have said, that question
does not arise, because the defendant never did sell any of his
machines as the " Singer machines."

I would only further observe that whenever that question
Joes arise there is a great body of evidence before us now to
show (I do not say it is altogether conclusive, but tending to
show) that, at all events at the present time, the word
" Singer " has become in popular use and acceptation a word of
descriptim rather than a word denoting the maker. That,
however, I pass by for the moment. It is enough to say that
in this case that is not the question. The question is here,
whether the defendant has misrepresented the machines of
this company as machines made by Singer. For the reasons I
have given, I think there is no evidence at all to justify us in
finding that he has.

Lord Justice James : Sir Henry Jackson, you will have to
pay the costs up to the time of your putting in your answer.

Sir Henry Jackson : Yt'S, my Lord.

Lord Jus"tice James : And you will be entitled to have the
costs which follow and subsequent to that date and the costs of
the appeal.

Sir Henry Jackson : If your Lordship pbases, I will accept
that without endeavouring to apportion the costs. It is the
whole costs up to the time of putting in the answer.

Lord Justice James : Up to the time of the answer.

Lord Justice Cotton : Up to and including the answer.

Su- Hem-y Jackson : Up to and includuig the answer. One

SSIS

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

wiU be set off against the other. Yoiir lordship was good
enough to say I might make a suggestion as to the form of the
iniunction. Will yom- lordship look at Ime 19 on page 6 of
our statement of defence, and youi- lordships will see the ample
terms in which we submitted to be enjoined " agamst his usin,^
any label or brass plate upon or attached to any
machine in which the words 'Singer Maohme ' or ' Smger
Svstem,' or the word ' Singer,' either alone or m conjunction
-ndth any other word or words is in any way used, or selhng or
usino' any such machine with the word Smger on the above or
othermse afBxed thereon or attached thereto." Of course, my
lord I do not wish to recede from that submission for a moment,
but 'l thiak it goes a little fm-tffer than what yoiu' lordships
have imposed on us ; but I must leave that in your lordships
hands. _

Lord Justice James : Eead it agam, if you please, it appears

very ample. , . , ■, .

Sir Hem-y Jackson: Yes, my lord; " agamst his usmg any
label or brass plate upon or attached to any sewmg machine on
which the words ' Singer machhie,' or ' Singer system, or the
word ' Smger,' either alone or m conjunction mth any other
word or words, is in any way used, or seUmg or using any such
machhie with the word 'Smger' on the above, or otherwise
affixed thereon or attached thereto." And then we submit to
an account of profits. My learned friend in the Court below
preferred to take the profits in the alternative of accounts. He
elected to take profits. He cannot have both ; and I suppose he
holds to that election stiU. I do not desire to withdraw from that,
I am sui-e ; but I should very much like it to foUow the form m
the answer for reasons which yom- lordships will quite appreciate.

Lord Justice Lush : Would that be far enough. Sir Henry
Jackson ? Supposing the word " Smger " is di-opped, but the
word "shuttle" is given ? , ■, mi, i •

Sir Hem-y Jackson : That is a trade-mark, my lord, ihat is
then- registered trade-mark. We have not done that. It is
not averred against us. It is not the practice of the Coiu-t to
grant injunctions against anything which has not been done.

Lord Justice James : The injunction is only as to usmg the
label and otherwise representing your machines as bemg the
machines of the plaintiff. ^ , , ,

Su- Hem-y Jackson : If your lordships had not put that on
me we should be glad, because we are acquitted from havmg
broken the plamtiffs' right in any way other than to the extent
covered by this submission, and we should be very anxious not
to have an injunction made agamst us which would imply that
we have done anything more.

Lord Justice James : I do not know that it would imply you
had done anything more. Is it not the practice of the Co_m-t
to hold that where you are restrained from one act— viz., usmg
the label— that that act was wrongful ?

Sir Henry Jackson : I should submit that your lordship is
now taking it for the purpose of wording the injunction as
thouo-h there had been an injunction in the terms submitted to
and a fresh action instituted a moment afterwards. I take it
that is the real position we are in. In the terms submitted to,
we are cast; as regards all subsequent matters, we are

acquitted. , , , . mi j.i

Lord Justice James: Yes, I think that is so. Then the

inj miction will be m the very words of the submission ?

Sii- Henry Jackson : If yom- lordship pleases ; and an account

of profits. „ „, 11 J

Lord Justice James : And an account of profits on all goods

sold mth that label upon them.

Lord Justice Lush : And the costs of the appeal.

Mr. Webster : The defendant will have the costs below.

Lord Justice James : You ^vill have to pay the costs up to
and including the answer, aud you will have all the costs m
the Com-t below subsequent to that answer, and the whole costs
of the appeal.

Sii- Henry Jackson : The one wUl be set off against the other,
and we will have our deposit retm-ned.

Lord Justice James : Is there a deposit to be returned ?

Sir Henry Jackson : Yes, my lord ; we were ordered to bi-ing
in the deposit, that will be handed back. Of course yom- lord-
ship remembers that it was agreed between us that the costs

of the shorthand -writer's notes should be di-srided between us,
and be costs in the appeal. That wiU be included.

Lord Justice James : Yes ; you are to have the costs, includ-
ing the costs of the shorthand writers.

Sir Henry Jackson: If yom- lordship pleases. It was so
sewing arranged.

PROTECTION V. PEEE TRADE.
In om- last issue we inserted an article on this subject
from another American paper. The following, from the
Sewing Machine Nezvs, takes another -view of the matter : —

Durmg the Presidential campaign a good deal was said
about the tariff, and a strenuous effort was made by certain
political leaders to raise it into a prominent issue, but the
attempt was a failure. Intelligent people, who understood the
question, knew that any attempt at a wholesale abohshment
of import duties aud the immediate establishment
of free trade was utterly impracticable, and that no party,
no matter of what political complexion, would dare to take
such a step if placed in power. The question was used as a
bugbear to frighten those who did not even know what the
word tariff meant. Ignorance is always suspicious and sees
danger in everything it does not understand.

There is no doubt that this country -ivill m time follow the
example of England and institute free trade, which is the true
pohcy of commercial and manufactm-ing nations. But the step
should be gradually taken. It is true that there are many
branches of manufacturing industry which have not yet
acquii-ed a robust growth and still require the care of govern-
ment protection ; and it is also true that there are very many
other branches of industry sheltered under the wing of the
tariff laws which have long been out of their swaddling clothes
and are perfectly able to take care of themselves in the teeth of
the keenest foreign competition . Protection should b e withdrawn
from these fully developed manufactures. To continue to enable
them to exclude foreign goods from the market and thus main-
tain a scale of high prices, is to confer pecuniary benefit upon
a few persons at the expense of the generalpubUc, a policy
altogether at variance mth the Republican spirit of American
institutions. Class legislation, which confers exclusive privi-
leges upon a set of individuals, will never be popular m the
United States. It will not be many years before the govern-
ment -wtU levy a tariff for revenue only.

As far as the sewuig machine trade is concerned, it has every-
thing to gain and nothing to di-ead from free trade. In some
quarters the fear has been expressed that the raising of the
present tariff would damage the trade by bringing in a deluge
of cheap English and German machines. A little reflection
ought to convince anyone that this fear is altogether un-
grounded. In Great Britain sewmg machines of home manu-
factm-e have been utterly unable to cope with the American
articles, although the latter have always commanded a much
higher price. So prejudiced is the British public in favour of
the American article (the machines made by the Singer Com-
pany at Glasgow are styled American) on account of their very
great superiority, that the business of manufacturing and sell-
ino- se-wing machines has shrimk to very insignificant propor-
tions, and almost the entire trade has fallen into the hands of
the Americans. Such being the case in foreign lands, is it not
extremely unlikely that the people of the United States will
withdraw then- patronage from superior articles of their own
manufacture to bestow it upon trashy imported machines,
even if they are sold for less money ? There are plenty of
cheaply made and sold machines now upon the market, but
they do not seem to have hm-t the sales of the superior and
standard goods. It is not at all likely that if the import
duties on sewmg machuies were taken off, that the English and
Germans would gain even the slightest foothold for their cheap
machines.

E. ASCHERBERG & CO.,

QUEEN STREET, CHEAPSIDE,

Agents for the

LONDON.
best German and French Pianos.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1, 1881.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

LIFE— By JAMES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
' Money,' and ' Morality.'

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp. Price One
Shilling. Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., StLitioners'-hall Court,
London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing
& Co.'s Bookstalls; and at every Booksellera.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C,
win send a copy, post free, for Is.

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE— Introduction. Is Life Worth Living ?

J IFE— Life of the Futui^e, Cultm-e, Health.

T IFE — Eecreation, Common Sense, Thrift.

T IFE — Compulsory Thrift, Marriage, Happiness.

T IFE — Eeligion, Future Life, Human Destiny.

T IFE — Concluding Eemarks.

LlY'Ei — Page 24 : — " Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men -what a glorious thing it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is— aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it. What a mockery ' Faith in God ' is when we reflect upon the melancholy
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ordeal to be borne as patiently and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but thine be done.' "

LIp^E — Page 34 : — " Life is real, life should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an ann, an object in life ; and to be happy, to
enjoy life, the object must be one worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's character so strong and true that they can be relied up ; men that wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE — Page 45 : — " The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the * Great Unknown.' Life will be very
d-ffcrent once we get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
anyUung wrong but what has been done by ourselves or others ; and ^that the wi'ong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it right.' "

LIFE— Page 102 : — ** Common sense denies that any
happy cliance will do for a man what he is quite unable to do for himself.
Our happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith that our wages will be
in proportion ^to our deserts. Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanks In a lottery, by chance and indiscriminately ; but there is a reason for every
success and failure. Indolence, chicanery, waste will cause the one ; while industry,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.' "

LIFE— Page 173 :— " The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Creator's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe that God meant man to bo born weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' "

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have life. What shall we do
with it ? The world is like a vast manufactory, in which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Believe me you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxical as it may seem,
while He hides himself behind them, He also reveals himself through them. There
is no better way of understanding the Creator ; the laws are emanations of the all-
beauteous mind ; they shadow forth the divinity that contrived them ; we find the
more we study them, greater evidence that there is a Living God, a Father caring for
and loving His children.''

OEALITY — 208 pages, crowu 8vo, cloth limp, price

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M OEALITY.— Page 202 :— " Make us feel we are under
ihe rule of ' One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringed with

impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to learn the wishes,
and be hq.ppy by reverently obeying Him."

lyi OEALITY— Business— Money— Life.

OEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,

W.C, will send copy of any one of these works post free for Is.

ONEY — 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, price One

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jYI ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.

IWr ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

IV/r ONEY— Currency : Gold Money, Silver Money.

TWr ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange.

1\/T ONEY— Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Interest.

TV/r ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics.

IWF ONEY — Individual Success, National Prosperity.

lyr ONEY— Concluding Eemarks.

MONEY.— Page 28:— "It is only by imderstanding
onr monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit.' Our com-
mercial system is based upon faith ; cheques, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to the
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted through the Clearing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,' based upon
' credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction with banking, this institution
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous amonnt, without the
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by bookkeeping or transfer of cheques, the
debiting or crediting of A or B."

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"DUSINESS— Contents: Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS— Business Qualities, Health, Education,
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BUSINESS — Industry, Perseverance, Arrangement,
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"DUSINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.
"D USINE SS— Truthfuhiess, Integrity.
"DUSINESS— Money, and what to do with it.
"DUSINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Reciprocity, Civil Service
stores.

"D USINESS — Co-operative Trading, Concluding Eemarks

BUSINESS.— Page 7 : — " Commerce is guided by laws
as inflexible as those of liealth or gravitation ; and the primary cause of
failure in business may be traced as unerringly as the punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature."

BUSINESS.— Page 179—" From every pulpit and in
every school throughout the kingdom the justification of double dealing and
trickery upon the plea that it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in any
vocation, should be denounced in the most unmistakeable language as a libel on
Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real cause — the man's
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or profession he follows,'*

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

JONES AND CO. (LIMITED) v. PERN.

This case was tried before a jury. Mi'. Wildey Wright
appeared on behalf of plaintiffs, sewing-machine manufac-
turers ; and Mr. Cooke, barrister, represented the defendant,
the lessee of Norfolk House, Stepney-green. Plaintiffs sought
to recover £32 15s. 5d., damages for being deprived of certain
goods, for damage to the goods, and for ejectment from
certain premises. Plaintiffs entered into an agreement with
defendant to take a shop and part of the basement at Norfolk
House, described as a large building devoted to model lodgings
in the upper stories and to shops and basements in the lower
portion. The basement was not ready when plaintiffs took
possession, and it was arranged they should use a back room
in the house until the basement was completed, and they
accordingly placed their machines and other goods in that
apartment, and continued to use it from June to September.
On the 17th of the latter month defendant, as alleged,
informed plaintiffs that the basement was ready, and requested
them to remove their goods thither as he required the room for
a new tenant. Plaintiffs alleged that the basment was not in
a fit state, and objected to a partition which had been erected
in it as an infringement of the agreement, and they refused to
place their gocds there. On the morning of September 24th
plaintiffs found the goods removed from the room and placed
outside, with but slight covering, and when the defendant was
communicated with he stated the removal was effected without
his knowledge. Plaintiffs declined to take the goods, holding
defendant responsible, and they remained there until October
14th when the defendant had them removed to the basement.
Several witnesses testified to the foregoing statement, the
defence alleging that the action was brought in retaliation for
an order obtained by Mr. Fern to compel them to pay him for
certain work done in the shop. After a lengthened investiga-
tion his Honour submitted the question to the jury, who found
for the plaintiffs with £5 for damage to the goods, and £10 for
breach of agieeineut. A discussion ensued between counsel as
to the effect of the verdict, and it was eventually decided that
plaintiffs were entitled to £27 for retention of the goods, that
amount to be reduced to £15 if the goods are returned. At
the request of Mr. Cooke his Honour made a note of counsel's
objection to the verdict on the ground of want of evidence as
to damage, value, and loss from detention.

DAVIS'S EXCELSIOR KNIFE CLEANING MACHINE
COMPANY (LIMITED) v. ARCHER.

This was an application by the plaintiffs to restrain the
defendant from affixing to a mincing and sausage machine
the words, "Prize medal, Pai'is, 1878," or from representing
or holdins; out to the public by means of cards, circulars, or
otherwise that he was awarded such prize medal. It appeared
that both parties had stalls at the Agricultural Hall, and that
t'le defendant was the inventor of the machine in question,
but at the time when the prize medal was gained was in the
service of the plaintiffs, and manufactured machines for them.
Mr. C. H. Turner was for the plaintiffs ; the defendant
appeared in person. His lordship observed that the conduct
of the defendant arose from no mala fides, but from some mis-
apprehension, and it was arranged that upon the defendant
giving an undertaking not to use the words in question there
should be an end of the action, the plaintiffs paying their own
costs.

HAEPER TWELVETREES V. TAYLOR.
This was an action to recover the price of a machine sold by
plaintiffs, washing machine makers, to defendant, whose wile
appeared and stated that her husband attended the Court on

a previous occasion, but was now on his way to America,
having left the day previous to the service of the summons.
She denied that the money was owing. It was stated on the
pait of plaintiff that the husband admitted the claim before
he went away. His Honour adjourned the case for three
months.

THE SINGER SEWING MACHINE COMPANY v.

THOMPSON.
This was an action in the Bow Coimty Court, on Deo. 13,
by the plaintiff company to recover of the defendant, a paivn-
broker, of Jodi-ell-lane, Hackney, the sum of £13 15s., the
value of two sewing machines and one stand, detained and
converted to his own use. — Mr. Walpole, barri.ster, appeared
for the plaintiffs ; and Mr. Parnell, solicitor, for the defendant.
— -Plaintiff's case was that they lent a Mrs. StiUivan two
sewing machines upon the usual agreement that she paid 2s. 6d.
a week for each, and in the event of her paying that sum
regularly imtil she had paid their value she became the o^vner
of them ; but, on the other hand, if she neglected to pay the
money, she forfeited any instalments she had paid, and the
plaintiffs had a right to reclaim the machines. Upon the two
machines she paid £5 9s. 6d. and then disappeared, taking
both the machines ^vith her. Subsequent inquiries led to their
iinding the machines in the defendant's possession, and Mi-.
Baker, the manager of the plaintiff's Hackney establishment,
went to the defendant and demanded the machines, but he said
he had purchased them, and they were consequently his
property. He was told under what terms the machines were
let out, and defendant then said he gave £2 5s. for the ; wo
machines, and if plaintiffs liked to give him £2 lOs. he would
let them have them. — For the defence, Mr. Parnell said the
machines were bought at a fair price, not from Mrs. Sidlivan,
but another person, and he contended that he was entitled to
keep them, notwithstanding the agreement between the
plaintiffs and Mrs. Sulhvan. — His Honoui- said it did not
matter who the defendant purchased the machines of, or what
he gave for them. The plaintiffs had traced them into his
possession, and they had a right to claim them as their proj)erty.
— Judgment for the plaintiffs ; the money to be paid in a week
unless the machines were delivered up within that time.

DAVENPORT v. WILKINSON

In the County Court at Northampton, Mr. Arthur Daven-
port, silk mercer, Leek, Staffordshire, sued Messrs. J. and T.
Wilkinson, sewing machine dealers at Wellingborough and
Norwich, for £38 13s. 6d.— Mr. Palmer for the plaintiff, and
Ml'. Hensman for the defendants. — The original order suppUed
to Messrs. Wilkinson in March and May last was £53 8s. 6d.
The plaintiff alleged that the goods were supplied at a month's
credit, and the defendants claimed that two months' credit was
given at a reduction of £5 per cent. — The defendants admitted
that now the claim was due, but contended that at the time the
action was entered it was premature. — The judge suggested
that the matter should be settled out of Court ; and, after a
consultation of counsel, it was settled by consent.

The Franz & Pope Knitting Machine Co,, of Buoyrus, Ohio,
has been in operation since 1870, during which time they have
turned out 10,000 knitting machines. The company also turn
out about £10,000 worth of socks a year, using 46 of their
machines, each with a capacity of from three to seven dozen
pairs per day, much depending upon the size of the leg-cover
and the skill of the operator. All the knitting is done by
steam, each machine being provided with a patent belt throw-
off, which stops the machine at the point set. A regiment of
the circle of little needles is then set, and by a few turns of a
hand -wheel the heel and toe are knitted, and the sock is ready
for the finishing touches.

(PARIS)

AT ORIGINAL PRICES

SUPPLIED BY

E. ASCHERBERG & CO.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1, 1881.

MNiCK, mmi & CO.,

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOR

Johnson, Clark Ss Co.,

OF NEW YOEK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being tte best Hand Lock-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, uever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard

For Manufacturing and Family use.

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a EH o

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The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a life-
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IN THOROUGHNESS OF WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clarh and Co.),

Finsbnry Circus, LONDON, E.C.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUFACTUREK OP

By Royai Letters Patent. i51vlvLl£i Ju.il 1 ililililljS

Of every description. Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKEE OP WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OF ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : ■' I was highly
delighted with it; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
slightest of the rougli roads.''^

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

60,000 Sold in Three Years.

The Household Washing,' Wringing
and Mangling Machines.

Wholesale only from

5, NEW STREET, BISHOPSGATE STREET. E.C.

Just Published. 12nio. cloth limp, 2/-, or cloth
boards, 2/6 (postage 2d).

SEWING MACHINER Y,

BEING

A PRACTICAL MANUAL

OF THE

SEWING MACHINE,

Comprising its History and Details of its Construction, with Full Tech-
nical Directions for the adjusting of Sewing Machines.
By J. W. TTE,aUHAE,T.

CROSBY LOCKWOOD & Co., 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Ludgate Hill,
London, E.C.

€tie Iming %u\m ®i\t\\\

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE Court of Appeal have confirmed the judgment of
Vice-Chancellor Bacon in the cause of the Singer
Manufacturing Co. v. Loog, to the following extent —
the defendant is prohibited from " using any label or brass
plate upon or attached to any sewing machine in which the
words 'Singer Machine,' or 'Singer System,' or the word

Sax. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MlCHlNE GAZETTE AND JOTTRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

' Singer,' either alone or in conjunction witli any other word or
words is in any way used, or selling or using any such machine
with the word Singer on the above or otherwise affixed thereon
or attached thereto ;" but they have given him liberty to use
the word, if he pleases, in such other ways as may not deceive
the public. It might occur to an ingenuous mind to enquire
in what possible way one person can use the name of another
in selling his goods vnthout deceiving the public, or why he
should wish to use it at all unless his aim and intent was to
deceive them. To such a mind the natural question would
arise — why does Mr. Smith, if he is honest and fair in his
dealings, want to call his goods by the name of Jones or
RobiEson ? Why can't he say plainly " these are Smith's ; I
make them and I call them by my own name, and not by that
of my rival in trade, who also makes goods of a similar class " —
this would be straightforward and intelligible, and, as we
believe, would pay best in the long run. But for the moment
we will leave this common-sense view of the matter and see
how far the law, as laid down by the learned judges in the Court
of Appeal, iidapts itself to the exigencies of ordinary commercial
life. Lord Justice Cotton lays it down that a trader has a perfect
right to gain what benefit he can from the credit and adver-
tisements of others, and from the course of business which
they have adopted, if he does not do so in a way calculated
to mislead. Truly, there is much virtue in an if. According
to the learned judge, A B may spend years of toil, and large
sums of money building up a reputation for his goods at great
cost ; he may advertise them to all the world, and create such
a demand for them that the vei'y name by which he has
designated them has become a household word ; he may
jealously guard his legal rights by every means in his power,
and yet it shall be perfectly open for C D to say, " I also
manufacture these goods which have attained such a celebrated
character for excellence of material and superiority of work-
manship. I choose to call mine by the same name, because I
believe the name will help to sell them, and because my rival
has made this name famous by dint of an enormous outlay for
advertisements, and by the strictest attention to the manufac-
ture of his articles." This may be lawful, but simple-minded
folk have only one name for persons who would so act. It
certainly appears to our limited comprehension that Vice-
chancellor Bacon was a great deal nearer the common-sense
view of the subject when he said in his judgment: "I
take it to be very old law that a man's trade mark is
his property, and I do not know that his trade name
differs in the character of property from his trade mark."
Then again Lord Justice James declared that the word
" system," as applied to sewing machines, has, to his mind, a
very intelligible meaning, and that consequently Mr. Loog
was justified in describing his machines as manufactured on
the " Singer System." Vice-Chancellor Bacon says that
' ' Nobody can say there is anything like an approach to
any principle. There is a principle of the needle and shuttle
which everybody can understand ; but after that there is no
more principle than there is in a watch. The only principle
in mechanics is to overcome the resistance by means of
mechanical appUfinces. That is done by the needle and shuttle,
and nothing more than that is done. The commonest brick-
layer's scaffolding is just as much an invention or principle
or system as that which was applied by the plaintiffs in this
case," which certainly appears to us a great deal nearer the
correct version. Again, Lord Justice James is of
opinion that a seamstress in want of a sewing machine
would be "as ready to detect any sign of spuriousness as a
bank clerk who has been in the habit of dealing with such

matters would be to detect whether a sovereign is bad or not,
or whether a bank note is a forgery." Would Lord Justice
James be surprised and shocked to learn that very many of the
best machine hands can scarcely read or write; that they
have to depend in the selection of a machine not upon its form
and appearances, but chiefly upon what they are told at the
time of purchase ? Putting a brass label upon the imitation
machine, with the word Singer stamped thereon, is not half so
calculated to deceive persons of this class as the bold statement
of the person selling — " This is the thing you are asking for;
this is a Singer machine." The words on the label they may
or may not be able to decipher, but the words of the salesman
they hear, and are influenced by ; and if these words are not
true, or only partly true, then the axiom of the Poet Laureate
comes in that " a lie which is half a truth is ever the worst of
lies." It was probably an oversight, but we think the counsel
for the plaintiff company did not attach sufficient importance
to the evidence of those trade witnesses who were questioned
at the trial as to what was the meaning conveyed to their
minds by the name of the manufacturer when used to designate
any particular machine. It will be remembered that several
witnesses of this class were called on behalf of Mr. Loog, and
when cross-examined by Mr. Aston they deposed as follows : —
Mr. Edward Todd, a wholesale dealer of many year's standing
says : " By the term Carver's machines I should understand
machines made by Mr. Carver, and by Kimball and Morton's
machines I, as a buyer, should understand machines made by
Kimball and Morton." And again, Mr. John Chappie Blom-
field says, after a very considerable amount of fencing about,
" I should understand a Sellers and Allen machine to mean a
machine made by Sellers and Allen; and a Bradbury machine
would mean a machine made by Bradbury and Co. If I speak
of Jones's machines or Bradbury's machines, or Sellers and
Allen's machines, I mean sewing machines made by those
respective iirms." It was rather hard work to bring all this
out of the gentleman's mouth, because he could see where it
was leading to. But it came out at last, and without doubt
faithfully represents what the public mean when they
ask for machines of any particular maker. Suppose the usher
of the court were instructed to obtain some Try's chocolate
for the luncheon of the Lords Justices, and he were to gravely
inform them that he had bought them JFry's chocolate made
by Cddbury or Epps, we fancy there would be an advertise-
ment for a new usher without delay. There was, on the de-
fendant's side, an prgument which used to be urged with the
utmost emphasis and gravity, to the effect that, if the Singer
Company obtained the injunction they sought, they would
adopt such a course o£ arbitrary proceedings against all the
other members of the trade that business could not be carried
on at aU ; that they would frighten,and harass, and intimidate
all their rivals in business, and endeavour to obtain a complete
monopoly. It is eighteen months ago since Vice-Chancellor
Bacon gave the judgment which was to place such tremendous
power in their hands, and we should like to know who has
been frightened or harassed, and whether, in fact, the trade
has not been in a far healthier state than it had known for
years. Piracy of trade reputations was no longer carried on
with impunity, but every fair trader had a chance to make a
reputation for himself with the belief that when he had so
made it, it would be his own, and might become a legacy to
his children. The Lords Justices having given their decision
that some of the acts complained of were not illegal, although
others confessedly were, nothing remains but to await the final
verdict of the House of Lords, and all that the English sewing
machine trade can do in the meantime is to prevent as much as

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

possible their trade being ruined by unfair competition, and to
keep what reputation they may have acquired by every means
in their power. Our course, as the Editors of the Trade Journal,
is a very plain and simple one, for, while according the utmost
liberty of discussion to both sides of the question, provided
that discussion be carried on in a courteous spii'it, we do not
intend to recognise in any way the principle of describing the
machines of one maker by the name of another, and by that
determination we, as journalists, will stand or fall.

We may fairly congratulate Mr. Hunting, the esteemed
manager of the Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing Company,
upon his very narrow escape from service as a juror in the
Crown Prosecutions now being tried in Dublin. Mr.
Hunting's name was among the first list of names selected by
ballot, and when that number was reduced to twenty-four he
was still on the list. However, he does not figure among the
twelve finally selected — and we think he has plenty of reason
to be thankful — for a more disagreeable task than to waste a
month of enforced attendance over an Irish State Trial we can
scarcely conceive.

HAEPEE'S PATENT CA8TEE.
Amongst American novelties recently brought to our notice
we may mention that of an improved caster, for which letters
patent have recently been applied for by Mi-. J. M. Harper,
of El Paso, "United States of America (as a communication to
G. F. Redfem, of 4, South-street, Pinsbiiry), and which caster
the inventor claims as supplying a long-felt want. It wUl be
seen, by reference to the illustration, that the caster consists of
a cup-like platform for receiving the leg of a stove, sewing
machine, chair, table, or any other article with feet ; such

platform having three radiating arms, each resting oh a small
roller. The advantages claimed for this caster are that they
can be used mider any article with legs, as above described,
no matter how heavy, as well imder one with oidy three legs as
one with four ; that one person can adjust them ; that they
can be used for moving any heavy article. They are cheaper
than any other, and are very durable. Samples of the casters
may bo seen at the oifi.ce of Mr. G. F. Eedfem, 4, South-street,
Finsbiiry, London, who, we are informed, is Mr. Harper's
agent.

WANTED, a few Copies of the February
Number of the " Sewing Machine Gazette "
for i88o. One Shilling per Copy will be
given. — T, B., care of the Editor, " Sewing
Machine Gazette," ii, Ave Maria Lane,
E.G.

SEWING MACHINE COTTONS.

We have received from the Charles-street MUls, Leicester,
various samples of Eaworth's celebrated cottons, and after a
fair trial find them to be everything desirable. The nine-cord
is the very best article of sewing cotton in the world. On
samples of it being submitted to her Majesty, she was
graciously pleased to confer upon Mr. Eaworth the title of
" Manufaotui'er to the Queen ;" a copy of the authority we have
seen. The six-cord soft cotton in white, black, and colours, is
suitable for every kind of sewing machine, and unsurpassed in
excellence. One of the specialities is an article in cotton for
use instead of silk ; the consumer pays 2d. for a reel of sUk
containing fifty yards, whUe this article can be bought on
reels containing eighty yards at Id. each. It is specially
adapted for use in all cases where sUk is used, to which it is
superior in strength, dye, and finish ; it wHL retain its colour
and wear as long as the fabric it is used upon. Mr. J. T.
Eaworth is the inventor of the machine by which the cotton is
so evenly and beautifully laid in rows upon the reels. This
machine, the result of long study and great expense, having
been completed, Mr. Eaworth sought no restrictive patent or
other selfish monopoly, but allowed it to be freely used by his
competitors and the trade generally, thus granting and
seciuing a cosmopolitan advantage to every user of sewing
cotton.

THE HEBEELING EUNNING- STITCH SHIEEING
MACHINE.

This machine is better known in America than here. We
have seen one at the offices of the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing
Machine Company, Cheapside, and are decidedly of opinion
that they have a " good thing to handle." It makes most
effective and beautiful trimmings, suitable for the present
fashion. It is claimed to be the only machine in the world
which will sew a perfect running stitch in exact imitation of
hand work, and will make 5,000 stiches per minute. In
appearance, it is not unlike a sewing machine ; but upon
examining its modus operandi, the difference between the two
is quicldy discernible. This one machine can accomplish more
work in a given time than twenty persons could do by hand.
One or two needles can be used, make one row, or two parallel
rows, at the desire of the operator. The motions are all rotary,
running free and noiseless. As they make the regular hand
runnuig- stitch, the threads can be drawn so as to make the
shirring either full or scant. These machines are adapted to
all grades of work, from heavy velvet to the most delicate
tissues.

AGEEEMENT FOEMS

6d. per Doz., 3/6 per 100,

POK THE

roR

SEWING MACHINES,W ASHING MACHINES

BICYCLES, PIANOS, FURNITURE, &c.,

May always be had at the Office of the

"Se^A^ing Machine Gazette,"
11, AVE MAEIA LANE, LONDON, E.G.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AlfD JOUBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

REVIEWS.

With the new year Mr. Piatt lias issued another of the series
of books, which, commencing with "Business" in 1878, was
followed by " Morality " in 1879, and by " Money " in 1880.
We are inclined to think these essays improve as the series goes
on, and that *" Life " is thus far the best book which Mr. Piatt
has produced.

One of the most surprising things to us is, however, the
author who is at the head of a very large commercial undertaking
which one would think must severely tax his energies — can find
time to consult all the authorities referred to in this volume,
and having consulted them, to reduce the result of his study to
such a compact and interesting book as that before us. Mr.
Piatt deals very exhaustively with the question which has been
raised of late by a special school of thinkers, '■ Is life worth
living?" only, unlike them, his answer is distinctly and un-
hesitatingly in the affirmative. Thus in his introduction he
deals with the matter in the following terms : —

" Life not worth living ! To say it is to give the lie to all
things in heaven and earth. It is an expression that annihilates
all hope ; as if humanity, in death-like trance, were adjudged
dead by those who felt its piilse. Why is it? Because, as the
warrior of whom it had been asked, ' In what do you believe? '
promptly answered, ' In myself,' so the people of our day, when
the question is put to their inner souls, when they ask them-
selves this important question, when they have to reply to their
inner consciences, ' In what do you believe ? ' answer, ' In
nothing.' Their lives seem as a sad tale of 3'outh passed among
the ' fragments of a broken world,' of a spring-time of life with
all the desolateness of autumn ; human illusions lying around
like fallen leaves ; the sunbeams no foretaste and pledge of
summer's passionate warmth, but mere chilly harbingers of
winter, as they struggle through the silent world —

Bare, ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.

Life not worth living ! Imagine yourself dying, not by a painful
or lingering disease, but whilst in good health, say by drowning!
how you will struggle then for your life ! how you will love it ;
how sweet and warm and full and fresh it will seem ! how cold
the river, and how undesirable a speedy release from the pomps
and vanities of this wicked world ! And when, after all hope
seems to have gone, you are saved, how n.iturall}' you utter —
oh, so thankful for life then — ' Thank God ! thank God ! ' You
may take it as an axiom that if men are sick of life, it is because
they know and feel in their souls they have themselves to
thank for it. The reflection does not add to the delights of a
man's position when he is humbled to the dust. On the
contrary, although he may realise the justice of the punishment,
nothing ever can, nothing ever will, make ' biting the dust '
taste anything but dry, bitter, nauseating to the last degree.
But such men realise better than others that ' life is worth
living.' "

As Mr. Piatt veiy clearly shows, much of the dissatisfaction
with life as it comes from the folly and sin of those who do all
they can to waste and spoil their lives rather than elevate and
improve them. Thus he says, " Life intolerable, why P because
people with one thousand a year would like to spend two — yet
there are an immense number who find life enjoyable with only
£100 or £150 a year. Happiness does not depend upon one's
income. Poverty need not degenerate into ugliness or misery.
Affection will brighten home with a rose bush planted here, a
bunch of violets there, life sweetened with sympathy, so that in-
dustry and thrift are encouraged, and the one ' home ' made
much more enjoyable w4th £100 a year than the other with
£1,000, if the £100 be blessed with a wife that is a real 'help
mate ' and the £1,000 be cursed with one of that large and in-
creasing class that only think of ' dress,' and whose whole talk
is of the ' latest novelties,' the new things they have got since
they saw you last, and who value the same by their cost ;
home and wifely duties neglected, sacrificed to ' dress ' and
■ visiting,' never happy unless out or entertaining at home.
Marriage is one of the most important steps in a man or
woman's life. The future of both will he so peaceful and joyful
if perfect confidence exists in each heart ; so full of trouble and

* " Life," by James Piatt. Simpkin, Marshall it Co., London.

pain if deception be practised on either side, or an}' incompati-
bility of temper or disposition has from selfish reason or to
gratify a passing passion been overlooked. To marry when you
cannot freely love and respect is to commit an act of dishonesty
and injustice. Yet how few women really marry from love —
how many because they are asked, and because their friends
think the marriage is suitable. It is frightful punishment to
lead a loveless life ; stdl more so, however, for man or woman
to meet the right party when too late. One can understand
the poor unfortunates thinking, ' Life is not worth living.' Life
then becomes a perpetual punishment. ' Why were we ever
born ? ' must be daily asked when too late. So it is with all
wasted lives. Time, ghostlike, glides by us invisible ; unseen
amid the glare and turmoil of the day ; but in the gloom and
silence of the midnight hour he stands revealed, and with one
hand points mockingly to the wasted, marred past, and with
the other towards the future, he whispers in the lonely hour
into our ears, the startling, fateful word, ' Eternity.' Be as
hardened as you may, possessed of an iron will, time will
conquer. The misery of hypochondriasis, of remorse, will
inevitably master you ; you will lose the zest of life, and feel
ever on the brink of a precipice, to the unknown depths of
which you will have one day to descend. Lead a true hfe ;
begin the work of repentance, of reparation, at once ; get free
from your false position ; be honest and true to your higher
nature ; strive once more to get a healthy turn of mind and
bodj"^, a sure sign of which is a feeling of thankfulness that you
exist, a freedom of morbid discontent, replaced by one of
heartfelt thankfulness to the Author of all for your existence,
an inward consciousness that ' life is worth living.' "

This is very practical, earnest writing, and goes to the root
of the matter. So many lives that began full of hope and
promise have become withered and ruined by extravagance, by
improvidence, and by idleness, that it makes one very sad at
times and almost tempted to ask in a desponding mood, •' Ai'a
such wasted lives as these at all wortli living? Had it not
been better for such as these if they had never been born ? So
helpless, so purposeless, so miserable, so lost ! " Mr. Piatt
manages, however, to draw comfort even from this dark side of
things, for he says — " Life will be very different once we get the
people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
anything wrong but what has been done by ourselves or others,
and that the wrong remains so long only as we refuse to put it
right. With such a thought to guide us, the future would cease
to be dark. We should anticipate its diificulties, but never
think of its perils. The only doubt a man should feel, is
whether he is doing what is right, and trying to the utmost of
his power to repair wrong ; and never to do that at one time
which in another he will look back upon with loathing ; and so
patiently and persistently struggle out of the fetters of
humanity into the freedom and liberty of being a son of God,
patiently and contentedly doing the work before him, with the
divine insight to perceive that in every lowliest lesson of a life
the soul expands and grows alive, and all are drawn nearer unto
God. Do not be misled by those who argue that because " the
larks do not make their own singing, therefore mortals do not
make their own sighing.' We do, and must make great eftbrts
to let in a joy that will slay the grief-monster. Exercise your
power of thought, and you will soon realise that the suffering
which puzzles so many of us often leads to valued good, and
when properly understood you will find that suffering exists for
reasons of the highest, purest, and kindest import, such as
when understood must be absolutely satisfactorj' to the sufferers
themselves. Man has the power to discover causes and to
remove the iUs that flesh is hen- to. It is a grand birthright,
this power, this free will."

In the chapter entitled " Is life worth living ? " Mr. Piatt has
a very beautiful passage descriptive of the pleasures of nature
and natural scenery which we are sure our readers will thank us
for drawing their attention to. We have taken the liberty to
quote the entire passage : —

" Life is very enjoyable in the early spring when the first
heralds of the returning youth of the year meet us from all
sides in the guise of odours — not yet those of flowers, but the
more ethereal, if less sweet, scents of bud and grass, and even
pure earth moisteued with the waters of heaven — those months

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JAN. 1, 1881.

so glorious to ws because of the return of the sunshine we hare
not had for some time ; AprO, with its sudden showers that
turn every twiff into a jewelled sceptre, every branch glistening
as if covered with diamonds ; the month when the birds pour
their thrilling music from every bush and shrub and tree ; the
month when Nature has sown every bankand hedgerow withmany-
coloured wild flowers, and, lavish of her sweets, her beauties,
her melodies, has, in the joy of her perennial youth, shared them
freely with her lovers. How very beautiful the world is when
the mind is at peace, and can appreciate a glorious evening in
July or August ! What a luxury it is to walk along the beach,
the sun setting in the distance, and the eyes fixed upon the sea,
near the little coves with jutting headlands, the tint upon their
slopes looking yellow beside the clear emerald of the sea be-
yond the stony beach— in the distance there where the waves
ride white-plumed in from the far-off blue ! The pleasure is
intense after a walk out among the great loose stones of the
beach, to seat oneself upon a huge boulder under some towering
cliff", and gaze out to sea in a long, rapt gaze, watching every-
thing around, determined to enjoy thoroughly what one sees,
and not let the thoughts go farther as yet ; watching the sea,
so beautiful as the foam splashes on its shining green, whilst
further out the scattered rooks rise from the blue into which
these shifting shades of green blend so beautifully, and you hear
the billows break over them so softly, covering them with a
high canopy of spray, which, dissolving instantly, like mist
before the sun, leaves them decked with fairy waterfalls. It is
great pleasure to sit and watch the sea, listening to the
murmuring roll of the waves upon the beach, a sweet, dreamy
music— that rhythmical undertone of the murmuring waves.
Ah! if we would but use our eyes, scenes daily would remind
us that Nature is God's handiwork, and the more we appreci-
ate Nature in her full and rich perfection, the more comfort
there will be for the soul in loving Him who made it."

Coming to the practical matters of every day life, in which he
deals with such matters as co-operation, interest, education, &c.,
Mr. Piatt is very severe upon Mr. Euskin and others of his
school who have lately propounded such extraordinary theories
about the rights and abuses of money. Mr. Piatt says : — " I
see no hope of a better future until the rights of private property
are sacred, not by the protection of law, but from a belief in the
minds of the people that the man who earns and saves what he
can, has as much a right to it as he has the right to breathe, to
be in health, to be virtuous. It seems incredible that educated
men like Mr. Kuskin, in their zeal to stigmatize interest of
money, can go so far as to give it as their opinion that a loan of
£100 is completely and justly repaid by twenty instalments of
£5 each at any distance of time. So positive is Mr. Kuskin of
his views being right that he boldly asserts that time makes no
difference, that £5 in present money is r^-o more valuable than
£5 to be paid ten years hence. What difference is there
between Proudhon, who asserts that property is theft, those
agitators who claim for tenants to pay what rent they think
fair, or ' not any,' as ' rent ' is only another name for interest
upon money that has been spent in the purchase of land, or in
building of a house ; and Mr. Ruskin, who calls interest a fraud
and immorality P Under the pretence of morality and benevo-
lence, these men do a vast amount of mischief in stigmatizing
as immoral a bargain made between two men who know their
own wants and the value of the article they are borrowing.
To say the action of borrowing is not a voluntary one is begging
the question ; the great bulk of borrowing is by merchants and
tradesmen who know the value of the loan ; men who would
scorn to receive the loan as a charity ; men who wish to pay
the banker his just equivalent. For these dreamers to insist
that the borrower ought not to pay for the benefit received is an
offence not only to the lender, the banker whose trade it thus
wantonly and recklessly insults, but also to the borrower, the
merchants and traders, whose application it strives, as do all
these philanthropic schemes, to turn into the plea of a distressed
unfortunate entitled to relief from the more fortunate. The
only excuse for such opinions is that the authors of them
entirely lose sight of the world as it is — the enormous amount
of borrowing that goes on to-day — and the value of being able to
borrow at so low a rate of interest." This is strong language,
but, as we venture to think, not a jot more severe than juat.

Practical questions of this kind can only be properly dealt with
by practical men, and Mr. Ruskin — splendid genius though he
be — IS at times one of the wildest of visionaries, especially when
he ventures into the domain of finance.

The chapter on marriage is fuU of most excellent suggestions.
Take the following as an example : — " A true wife is her
husband's second self in thought and sympathy and action;
and those women who live with men, but never mingle their
souls with theirs, may be their husbands' legalized encum-
brances, but are not their wives. I am well aware there are
wives who are the ' sunshine ' of the house, the loadstone that
keeps the man earnestly at his duty, the magnet that with a
' loving smile ' and evidences of careful thought for his comfort
welcomes him home. I care not what station of life such couples
occupy, they are rich in that great wealth of being happily
mated. Contrast the picture with its opposite : the man
struggling on as the bread-winner for wife and children day
after day, year after year, simply from a sense of duty ; no
loving smile greets him, no pleasant word, not a smile week
after week, year after year, very little speech except to complain
and grumble. Duty, or ambition, aye, and conscience, too,
need be strong with such men to keep them to their life's
work, and their lives free of sin. We often blame men (and
women too) for lapsing into drunken habits or a vicious life.
The cause might generally be traced to a couple not adapted
for each other, but legally yoked together, and who, un-
fortunately for themselves, do not make the best of a bad bargain.
' Every wise woman buildeth her house, but a foolish woman
overthroweth her house with her own hands.' "

Or again, " It is the unhappy chance of many men, that, find-
ing many inconveniences in the mountains of single life, they de-
scend into the valleys of marriage to refresh their troubles, and
there they enter into fetters, and are bound to sorrow by the cords
of a woman's peevishness. Of the majority it may be truly said,
' they marry in haste, and repent at their leisure ;' the one must fol-
low the other. If we can get people to think more of what mar-
riage is, so as to be ;nore careful and be resolved to feel their
way, in iear of taking a leap in the dark, we shall be taking the
first step to a general social progress. A married man is consi-
dered more reliable, because he has given a hostage to society,
as it were, for his good conduct ; but if we could ensure a more
happy, contented married life, society might depend more se-
curely upon its members. To have the married lives of our
people a ' success,' is to ensure a happy future for our people.
The struggle for existence makes us all look out for chance of
profit ; but no one thinks it worth while to strive for a happy
existence, because, as a rule, we start on the journey of life pre-
disposed to think ' life ' is a curse, a burden to be borne, full of
trial, and under that mistaken, nay, mischievous and erroneous
idea, that ' God loveth best those whom He chasteneth the
most.' Whereas it is really the contrary, ' God blesses those
who do His wishes and obey His laws,' and in nothing is this
more apparent than in the married life."

Match-making mammas wiU do well to ponder the following.
" We are told that ' a mother's highest duty is to secure a good
position for her daughter ' — a most revolting dictum, and amazing
to hear from any mother in relation to her child. Yet if the
poor creature, as is too often the case, in their marriage without
affection on either side, commits an act of imprudence — if she
cannot be virtuous, when virtue is made so easy and so gilded,
the mother and society are not blamed, but only the poor vic-
tim who finds the human passions within her that her parents
have ignored too strong for her to control. And the world
seems astonished at such lapses, that men and women should
not be content with their position and its compensations, forget-
ting the pimishment that will inevitably follow from such an
outrage of the Divine law."

In the concluding chapters of the book, Mr. Piatt travels
somewhat into the region of theological controversy, dealing
with such vexed questions as original sin — future rewards and
punishments and the like — he says that he expects many theo-
logians wiU dissent from the views he expresses ; his object in
dealing with these questions, he tells his readers, is *"o strengthen
their belief in the existence of a Creator. Here is a statement
which none wo think will object to. " The essential point is for
mankind to understand that all misery arise* from man's ignor-

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ance or neglect of the laws of God. That therefore, instead of
directing our attention for man's happiness so exclusively to
thoughts of another world, it is our duty to better understand
the world we live in, and that although the magnitude and extent
of our social evils si Oja to render them unmanageable, what is
really wanted is the earnest desire by our teachers to remove
them. The first thing is to discern what is right and wise to do.
Whether to punish for drink or forbid drink, or to establish
clubs and supply cheaply cheerfulness and comfort to the masses,
to tax liquors and cause them to be adulterated, and the per-
nicious influence to madden those who take them and make
them crave for more,| or leave the liquor traffic free as any
other, and only interfere to punish those who poison wholesome
drink ; to let the people grow up like pigs in our midst and then
punish them for every misery that humanity suffers ; point out
the remedy, and then build up a future very different from the
present or past. You must have faith, you must make the people
have faith, but once give them the right belief, faith must come,
hope will help, we shall cheer and sustain each other ; and al-
though it will take generations to undo the errors of the past,
remember the contrast between the countless influences that have
been working previously in the wrong direction, and the cumu-
lative operation of each step in the right course ; and how every
stronghold of error, folly, or vice overthrown, exposes, weakens,
and undermines every other, and so press on ; never despair ;
the goal in time must be reached, and the disordered constitu-
tion, whether diseased, criminal, or defective, which now spreads
and propagates so much moral mischief, shall have become ter-
minative ; when a sounder system of education shall have pre-
vented the too early awakening of natural desires, when more
rational because higher and soberer notions of what is needful
and desirable in social life, a lower standard of ex penditure
wiser simplicity in living, shall have rendered the legitimate grati-
fication of these desires more easy ; when little in comparison
shall be needed for a happy home, and that little shall have be-
come generally attainable by frugality, sobriety, and toil."

We think we have given enough to make our readers desire
for more. The book, all through, is carefully compiled, enter-
taining, instructive, and full of suggestive thoughts. Mr. Piatt
thus concludes : " Eeader, Au^revoir! Press on, impatient to
perfect thyself, to be able to appreciate life's beauties, to feel
that, however humbly, you are working with your Creator, omit-
ting no means to make yourselfbetter acquainted with the divine
government of the world, and utilizing your time and intelli-
gence for the good of society — never despairing, because of the
faith within, that you will be sure to receive the reward you
have earned by the faithful use of the talents entrusted to you."

We hope he may live to write many more books, equally
valuable and entertaining.

Under the title of * "Industrial Curiosities," Mr. A. H. Japp
has collected a number of very interesting papers on subjects
connected with commerce and manufactures which have ap-
peared from time to time from his pen in " Good Words " and
other periodicals. The industries with which this journal is more
intimately connected come in for a good share of Mr. Japp's
attention — thus we have chapters on " Needles," on the " Sew-
ing Machine," on " Leather," and on " Indiarubber," to say
nothing of chapters of more general interest, as, for example,
" Clocks and Watches," the " Post Office," "Locks and Safes,"
"Through Traffic," &c., &c.

The book bears evidence that a very large amount of time has
been occupied in collecting the materials necessary for its com-
pilation, and that the writer of it goes about the world with his
eyes wide open. His chapter on " the Post Office " is especially
interesting, and even amusing. His statement that in the year
1877 nearly 28,500 letters were posted without addresses, does
not say much for us as a nation of shopkeepers, neither does the
fact that 757 of these letters contained an aggregate of
£214 123. 5d. in cash and bank notes, and £9,088 lis. lid. in

* " Industrial Curiosities — Glances here and there in the World of
Labour." By Alexander Hay ^Japp, LL.D. : Marshall, Japp & Co.,
London.

bills of exchange, cheques, &c., prove that we are not such care-
ful people as we sometimes suppose ourselves to be.

The chapters which deal with the leather industry are the re-
sult of visits paid to some of the principal manufactories in
Bermondsey, and will prove full of interest both to those in the
trade and to the general public. The whole book is veiy interest-
ing, well got up, and copiously illustrated.

Those of our readers who have to do vnih either the manu-
facture, sale, use, or repair of the sewing machine will find
Mr. TJrquhart's little book* of very great value to them.
This work is divided into two sections, and then subdivided
into chapters. The book opens with a short history of the
sewing machine, giving biographies of Elias Howe, junior, and
Allen B. "Wilson, and then passes on to deal with the inventions
of Mr. Gibbs. In Chapter II. we have given us the " elements
of stiching mechanism," which is then followed by other
chapters giving lengthy technical descriptions of shuttle
machines, rotating-hook machines, and single thread machines.
Some valuable information is also given in reference to the
proportions of needles and thread. Section II. of this work
gives directions for adjusting, testing, and timing the various
types of sewing machinery, including Wheeler and Wilson,
Singer, Grover and Baker, Little Wanzer, and Weir. In order
that the technical directions and instructions may be more
clearly understood, the book is illustrated throughout with
explanatory diagrams.

The author has not entered into or tried to answer the
question. Who was the first inventor of the sewing machine ?
but has been content to leave the past almost alone and deal
with the machine in its present state. The book is undoubtedly
practical, the author thoroughly understands his subject, and
we can confidently say that it will bs the means of enabling
many to understand hetter, and therefore work better, the
machines they use.

HOW TO ADJUST THE " WHITE."

The following instructions for the adjustment of the
" White" Sewing Machine have been furnished to us by the
White Company, of 19, Queen Victoria-street, E.C., and may
be relied on as accurate in every particular : —

Aside from the adjustment of all its friction surfaces, there
are but few parts of the " White " susceptible of adjustment.
In case the machine should be taken apart to clean, or for any
other purpose, we deem it advisable to mention the parts that
might be replaced wrong by an inexperienced person.

1st. The heart is attached to the needle-bar by means of
two screws that admit of the heart being raised or lowered on
the needle-bar. To ascertain the proper place on the needle-
bar where the heart should be fastened, move the needle-bar
until its lower end on the lower downward stroke will be seven-
sixteenths of an inch from the needle-plate : when in that
position, fasten the screws firmly against the needle-bar.

N. B. — Great care should be taken while adjusting any screw
not to apply more power than the screw is able to stand, as
breaking off the head of a screw or stripping the thread causes
great inconvenience.

2nd. When the machine leaves the factory, the talce-up is
in its proper place, and bears a mark just even with the top of
the upper screw that holds the take-up to the face-plate. If,
however, it should become necessary for an agent to order a
take-up to replace one, there would be no mark on it, and in
adjusting it should be set low enough on the face-plate to keep
the thread from the point of the needle when sewing thin
goods, but not so low as to allow the thread to lift the shuttle
when sewing thick goods.

3rd. To set the Feed Cam : First see that the needle is in

* Sewing Machinery, by T, W. JUrquhart, |C.E. London : Crosby,
Lockwood, and Co.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1. 1881.

its proper place, viz., up as far as it wiU go, or so that the
shuttle-point will pass about one-sixteenth of an inch above
the ej'e of the needle; then turn the feed-cam on the shaft
until it occupies a position whereby thick goods can be sewed
with a long stitch and not allow the needle to pierce the goods
whilst the garment is feeding through, as that would carry
the needle back with the goods and cause it to strike on the
throat-plate.

Another Guide for Setting the Feed Cam : When the feed is
set at a proper height, as also the needle, for ordinaiy sewing,
turn the fly-wheel of the machine around until the needle on
its forward downward stroke is ready to enter the hole in the
needle-plate ; then the top of the feed should be exactly even
with the needle-plate.

4th. The shuttle-carrier is attached to the shuttle-lever-arm
with a screw, and supported on either side by the rim of a slot
milled in lever-arm. The carrier is adjustable to the right or
left in the slot of the lever-arm, so as to allow the thread to
pass freely between the shuttle and its carrier. This being
the guide for setting the shuttle, care should be taken not to
give the thread more room than is necessary, or it allows the
shuttle to rattle. If, through any cause, a shuttle-lever-arm
should become bent, a wrench can be used to adjust and
straighten it so that the shuttle will not run so high as to hit
the feed, or so low that the shuttle-carrier wUl rub on the
bottom of the race.

5th. To Set the Feed-Hook: Screw it to the feed-bar
loosely ; then move it till its position will carry the feed to
the rear of the feed slot in the needle-plate and not strilie ;
then fasten screw firmly.

6th. How to Adjust the Needle to or from the Shuttle.
Loosen the lai'ge screws that hold face to arm, then the needle
can be moved in any direction. The shuttle-point, together
with the needle-hole, should be the guide for setting the
needle. Now put in a No. 4 needle ; be sure it is straight
and passes up and down true through the needle-hole ; then
move the two small screws, taking care to serew them equally
so that each will strike the face-plate at the same time, or in
screwing up the lower large screw it will twist the face and
perhaps cause it to bind) until the needle comes as near the
shuttle as it can and not rub against it. The needle should
pass central in the needle hole from front to rear, but a little
nearer to the right than to the left of the hole, as it prevents
the needle from glancing into the race and being caught by
the shuttle-point. Thus having the needle in its proper posi-
tion, fasten the large screws firmly at top and bottom of face-
plate.

7th. Keep the Machine well cleaned and oiled. If the
"White" machine runs heavily, it is self-evident that it has
become dirty or gummed up with poor oil. Clean it off by
the use of spirits of turpentine or kerosene ; then wipe dry
and apply only the best quality of sperm oil, and whenever
you oil the machine, work it a little to distribute the oil, and
then, after standing a few moments, take a cloth slightly
moistened with oil and clean off the superfluous oil from the
japanned parts of the machine, also from the needle-bar. The
shuttle-race is provided with a lubricating cup filled with
waste ; keep this waste slightly moistened with oil, which will
keep the shuttle and race lubricated all that is necessary.

Keep the inside parts of the machine thoroughly oiled, and
especially oil the heart-cam and roller and pin. Turn the fly-
wheel of the machine until the end of the heart-cam can be
seen through the hole in the face-plate, then insert nozzle of
the oil can and oil.

8th. Breaking Thread and Skipping Stitches are most
generally attributable to the use of needles of poor quality,
which are bought and sold chiefly upon the merit of cheapness.
We are particularly desirous to impress upon the minds of
dealers that such needles are dear as a gift, because ninety-
nine times out of an hundred you may be called upon to repair
a machine, whereas there would have been no complaint if a
genuine good needle had been in use.

HINTS TO EEPAIEEES.

(By "Cogwheel.")

When repairing an American sewing machine of the old
button-hole and plain description, if the machine is old, having
been run eight years or so, all the parts should be taken out of
the head. When taking down the machine keep an eye
on the position of the cam as it relates to the shaft.
First remove the cam-pins, next the feed bar, unscrew
the shuttle eccentric, then pull out the shaft and
the balance of the work underneath will come out
without any difficulty. Take out the arm pin, needle arm bar,
and presser bar. The machine being now taken apart, clean
the grease and dirt from its different farts, and after they are
cleaned, if you will examine you will find, if an old machine,
the friction ring and the parts to which it is connected have
become so much worn as to allow as much as a quarter of an
inch lost motion to the shuttle carrier. This lost motion can be
taken up by bulging the friction ring and upsetting the shuttle
eccentric. Now examine the feed lift on the shaft. You will
find it so much worn that it is not under the control of the feed
bar eccentric, and the feed regulator has no control to regulate
the length of the stitch. It would not pay you to put in a new
shaft, or, in other words, the owner would not consent to pay
for a new shaft in an old machine, therefore you will bo com-
pelled to resort to drill bushing, which will answer all purposes.

0. A. RICHARDS,

BELL BUSK MILLS, via LEEDS.

MANUFACTURER OF

MACHINE SILKS & TWISTS,

Specially adapted for Leather Work, and very Superior
ill Strength, Evenness, and Elasticity.

THE LENGTH 18 INDICATED ON EVERY REEL.
Trade Mark : " A Bell in a Busli."

London Offices :

12, BR^AD STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

E. ASCHERBERG & CO.,
QUEEN STREET, CHEAPSIDE,

LonsriDOisr-

IMPORTEK.S OF GERMAN AND FRENCH PIANOS.

Jan. 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLI iNCES.

The following list has been compiled expressly for the "Sewing
Machine Gazette," hy G. P. Hedfbkn, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPIilC AT IONS FOR LETTERS PATENT:—

No. 4,658. E, Hughes, of Woolwich, Kent, for improvements in
tri. jcles or velncipedes with three wheels. Dated
November 12, 1880.
„ 4,670. W. H. Dorman, of Stafford, for improvements in
sewing machinery, chiefly designed for the manu-
facture of boots and shoes. Dated November 12,
1880.
„ 4,697. W. H. Beck, of London, for improvements in ribbing
attachments for knitting machines. Dated
November 15, 1880.
„ 4,700. J. Kew, of Camden Town, London, for improvements

in pianofortes. Dated November 15,1880.
J, 4,707. B. Barstow, of Horsham, Sussex, Architect, for
improvements in velocipedes. Dated November
16, 1880.

„ 4,725. A. Capra, J. B. Rissone, and S. Detoma, all of
Clerkenwell, London, for improvements in piano-
fortes and mechanism combined therewith. Dated
November 16, 1880.

„ 4,732. T. Williams, of Gee-street, and W. Sangster,
of Comptou-buildings, both in Goswell-road,
London, for improvements in machinery or
apparatus for forcing sausage meat and other
substances into skins or other suitable receptacles.
Dated November 17. 1880.

„ 4,763. C. G. Hawkins, of Leighton-road, Forest Gate, Essex,
for improvements in the construction of tricycles
and other velocipedes, and in attachments and
driving gear for the same. Dated November 18,
1880.

„ 4,767. H. Weatherill, of Manchester, for improvements in
tricycles, bicycles, and other wheeled vehicles.
Dated November 18, 1880.

„ 4,797. C. A. Barlow — a communication from T. Wiget, of
Arbon, and C. Wetter, of St. Gall, Switzerland, for
cerlain improvements in machine embroidery, and
in the process for manufacturing the same. Dated
November 20, 1880.

„ 4,799. Sir T. G. A. Parkyns, of Beckenham, Kent, for im-
provements in the construction of velocipedes, and
in the means of propelling the same, parts of which
are applicable to other vehicles. Dated November
20, 1880.

„ 4,829. H. Hayward, of Gloucester, J. Day, and J. H. Gosling,
both of Southsea, Hampshire, for improvements in
bicycles, tricycles, and other velocipedes. Dated
November 22, 1880.

„ 4,836. C. Necker, and K. Horstmann, both of Berlin, for im-
provements in whip-stitch sewing machines.
Dated November 22, 1880.

„ 4,873. T. J. Palmer, of Fulham, and C. P. Dietrich, Engineer,
of Dalston, London, for improvements in bicycles
and tricycles. Dated November 24, 1880.

„ 4,878. J. Marshall, of Glasgow, for improvements in silent
mincing machines. Dated November 24, 1^80.

„ 4,888. A. G. CoUi igs, and P. Bryant, both of Wimbledon, for
improvements in washing machines. Dated
November 24, 1880.

„ 4,923. L. Silvermann, of Kegency-street, London, and J. E.
Cumming, Little Ilford, Essex, for improvements
in sewing machines for working the same with one
or two needles independently of each other, and
using as an under cotton any size of a reel of cotton
or any other matfirial without winding the cotton
on small bobbins, and to produce a lockstitch.
Dated November 26, 1880.

„ 4,929. T. S. Lyon, of Percival-street, Clerkenwell, London,
for improvements in knife-cleaning machines.
Dated November 26, 1880.
„ 4,948. W. H. Thompson, of Pinsbury-sciuare, and P. G.
Henwood, of Budge-row, both in London, for im-
provements in the arrangement and construction of
velocipedes and similar vehicles or machines.
Dated November 27, 1880.
,, 4,964. J. C. Garrood, Engineer, of Fakenham, Norfolk, for
improvements in velocipedes partly applicable to
other machinery. Dated November 29, 1880.
„ 4,970. A. Specht — a communicalion from P. Buschmann, of
Harburg, Germany, for improvements in the
mechanism or action of pianofurtes. Dated Nov.
29, 1880.
„ 4,975. J. Mitchell — a communication from J. Storey, of
Brockville, Canada, for improvements in washing
machines. Dated November 30, 1880.
„ 4,976. W. Pox and G. Brown, both of Manchester, for im-
provements in the manufacture of rollers for
wringing and mangling machines and other pur-
poses. Dated November 30, 1880.
„ 4,978. A. N. Hopkins, of Birmingham, for an improved candle

holder and save-all. Dated November 30, 1880.
„ 5,010. A.J.Boult — acommunicationfromS. B. Eyder,of Eliza-
beth, New Jersey, ITnited States, for improvements
in the method and meansof removing dust from car-
pets. Dated December 1, 1880.
„ 5,021. T. Bradford, of High Holboru, London, for improvs-
ments in or connected with the driving gear or
actuating mechanism of mangles. Dated December
2, 1880.
„ 5,082. A. Kirby, of Bedford, for improvements in the construc-
tion of velocipedes and apnaratus connected there-
with. Dated December 6, "1880.
„ 5,096. -J. A. Lamplugh, of Birmingham, for certain improve-
ments in the mode of supporting the seat or saddle
of bicycles, tricycles, and other similar vehicles.
Dated December 7, 1880.
„ 5,157. J. S. Cooke, of Gomersal, Yorkshire, for improvements
in and appUoable to velocipedes. Dated Desember
10, 1880.
„ 5,187. J. Summersoales, of Keighley, Yorkshire, for improve-
ments in wringing machines. Dated December 11,
1880.
„ 5,216. A. Munzinger, of Olten, Switzerland, for improvements
in and connected with spinning machines. Dated
December 13, 1880.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —

No. 2,088. T. McGrah, of Sheffield, and W. Bown, of Birmingham,
for improvements in automatic thread winders
adapted for sewing machines or other similar
purposes, also for automatic attachments for sewing
machine winders. Dated May 22, 1880.

„ 2,164. C. E. Garrard, of Uxbridge, Middlesex, for improve-
ments in and relating to velocipedes, applicable in
part to other purposes. Dated May 27, 1880.

„ 2,224. H. J. Haddan — a communication from N. S. C.
Perkins, of Norwalk, Ohio, United States, for im-
provements in velocipedes. Dated June 1, 1880.

„ 2,290. L. Hardaker, of Leeds, for improvements in road
vehicles or velocipedes. Dated June 7, 1880.

„ 2,944. W. E. Partridge, of Birmingham, for improved
apparatus for washing clothos, applicable also as a
mixer or agitator iu various processes. Dated July
17, 1880.

„ 3,010. J. Creswell, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for im-
provements in apparatus employed in the manu-
facture of knitted fabrics. Dated July 22, l8H0.

„ 3,141. S. Pit — a communication from L. B. Miller, and P.
Diehl, both of Elizabeth, New Jersey, United
States, for improvements in thread cases and under
tensions for sewing machines. Dated July 30, 1K^0.

„ 3,744. M. Webb, of Adelphi-terrace, London, for improve-
mentn in bicycles, tricycles, and other vehicles
for self-propulsion, which improvements are also
applicable to other purposes. Dated September
14, 1830.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—
„ 4,162. W. E. Lake — a communication from A. Lohmann, of
Iserlohn, Germany, for improvements in smoothing

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

Jan. 1,1881.

irons, and in heater for the same. Dated Novem-
ber 7, 1879.

4,177. A. Browne — a communication from F. and J. Benoist
and M. J. C. Ponlain, all of Paris, for improve-
ments in spinning machinery. Dated November
8, 1877,

4,180, W. E. Lake— a communication from E. Hutton, of
Brooklyn, New York, United States, for improve-
mf-nts in roller skates. Dated November 8, 1877.

4,195. J. Morton, of Glasgow, for improvements in shuttles
for sewing machines. Dated November 9, 1877.

4,200. D. Harris, of Brooklyn, New York, United States, for
improvements in button-hole linings, and the
machinery for manufacturing the same. Dated
November 9, 1877.

4,261. H. E. Newton — a communication from T. S, Wiles, of
Albany, New York, United States, for improve-
ments in ii'oniug machines. Dated November 14,
1877.

4,267. P. Wirth — a communication from W. Henrioi, of
Heidelberg, Germany, for an improved ironing
machine. Dated November 14, 1877.

4,276. H. Gnthrie, of Manchester, for improvements in sew-
ing machines. Dated November 15th, 1877,

4,338. L. Lindley, of Nottingham, for improvements in
machinery or apparatus for dressing or stretching
and ironing and finishing lace and other fabrics.
Dated November 19th, 1877.

4,545. E. T. Hughes — a comoiunication from Tunker and
Euh, manufacturers, of Carlsrnhe, Germany, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated Decem-
ber 1, 1877.

4.564. J, E. Bertin, of Paris, manufacturer, for an improved

sewing machine. Dated December 3, 1877.

4.565. S. Louis — a communication from C, Dognin, L. Isaacs,

and S, Haas, all of Paris, for improvements in
means of driving light machines, such as those

used for sewing, embroidering and the like. Dated

December, 1877.

Specifications Published During the Month.
Postage Id, each extra.

THE COURTEOUS COLLECTOE.

The collector of instalment debts vrbo imagines that the
most useful qualification be can bring to the successful prose-
cution of his business is bis capacity for worrying creditors
into payment, makes a great mistake. People cannot be driven
into the payment of money — bullying only makes them more
obstinate in their refusals, Mauy of the suits that find their
way into the courts have been brought thither through the
roughness of the collectors, whose manner has irritated people
who would cheerfully, though with a little de ay, perhaps, have
paid the money to more courteous men. Men of the world
recognise the truth of the maxim that " the mild power
subdues." A collector should be good-natured in his demeanour,
bearing disappointment without too evident annoyance, and
capable of leaving a good impression behind him as he departs
with the cheerfully expressed hope that be will have better
luck next time. With debtors who have tried his patience a
little too often he should be moderate but firm in his re-
monstrances. He should never make threats. In dealing with
the class of incorrigibles he should never allow himself to be
betrayed into anger, or, at least, into showing it. He can be
as severe as he pleases without bluster. Wholesome truths,
uttered in a calm voice, strike with much more force than when
accompanied by anger and want of self-control. Courtesy,
under any and all circumstances, should be a~ prominent charac-
teristic of the sewing machine collector. It is a qualification
that will greatly facilitate his somewhat arduous duties, and wiU
make friends for himself, his employers, and the goods they
sell.

LAUNDRY GLOSS.

No. 1,439,
„ 1,529,

„ 1,532.

„ 1,555.
„ 1,565,
„ 1,583,

„ 1,618.

„ 1,654.

„ 1,655.

„ 1,673.

„ 1,682.

„ 1,714.

„ 1,742.
„ 1,831.
„ 1,899.

„ 1,932.

„ 1,937.

„ 2,034.

„ 3,245'.

W. B. Dick, mangles and wringing machines...
J. Whiteford, machinery for washing, bleach-
ing, dyeing, &c.
H.Courteen. apparatus for cleaning and sharp-
ening knives
T. Coltmann, knitting machines...
J. Goodman, bicycles

J. Bell, portable or traversing washing, brush-
ing, and scouring machine
W. E. Lake, driving mechanism for sewing

machines
J. Camm, spinning
E. M. Knight, knife cleaning machines

E. C. P. Otto, bicycles, &c

W. E. Lake, sewing machines for uniting

hosiery
J. Edwards, arrangements for working sewing

machines
P. W. Jones, bicycles, &c.
W. A. Waddington, pianofortes
J. Phipps and E, Blackshaw, machinery for

washing clothes, &c,
W. E. Lake, plaiting or kilting machines

W. E. Lake, velocipedes

W. Powles, perambulators

J. Bradley, circular knitting machines ...

0 4

0 6

0 8

0 2

0 4

ASCHERBEEG PIANOS

(DRESDEN)

These Pianos combine the best qualities of all the
roost renowed makers.

For shirt-collars, wrists, and fronts, in order to give a glossy
surface without striking through.

Three hundred parts of water are boiled for fifteen to thirty
minutes with three to five parts of cut marshmallow root. The
liquid is then poured off, and, after the addition of twenty-four
parts of borax, four parts of " anhydrous " soda, and one hun-
dred parts powdered bleached shellac, the whole is heated
again. After a short time the shellac dissolves to a muddy
yellowish liquid, which, after cooling, is filtered through cotton.

Dr. Geissler, one of the edito s of the Pliarin. t'entralh.,
makes the following remarks : " Althaea root, which a pharma-
cist would probably not boil, is entirely superfluous in this
varnish, and so is also the soda. I have, myself, made experi-
ments to prepare such a varnish, and have found that it ii
most simply and rapidly prepared by shaking a saturated
solution of borax with powdered shellac, without heat. One
part of shellac is soluble in two parts of a saturated solution of
borax, after frequent shaking during two or three days. In
three parts, however, it is easily soluble. The bleached shellac
must be preserved under water, and must be dissolved immedi-
ately after being powdered ; for, if it is allowed to be exposed
to tlie air in a powdered condition for several days, it will
either not dissolve at all, or only with great difficulty. If a
higher temperature than 50 or 60 deg. C. is used in preparing
the varnish, it is apt to assume a faint reddish colour, the cause
of which I have vainly tried to ascertain. The finished varnish,
however, heats very well. This varnish is a most excellent
starch gloss. In fact, it is much more appropriate and service-
able for this purpose than all other known commercial ' starch
glosses,' "

AUCHER PIANOS (Paris.)

WESTERMAYER PIANOS (Berlin)

LIPP PIANOS (Stuttgart.)

RONISCH PIANOS (Dresden.)

Agents: E. ASCHERBERG & Co.,

Queen Street, Cheapside, London.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PART SUPPLIED EST VAEIOTJS STAGES,

From the Rough Stamping or Porgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

JSfone hut the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROM, BEST BEST GUM, ^c., S^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

Works :—Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALERS ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOR WHOLESALE TERMS

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1.1881.

villi a JM ull QE vII|| in Germany.

Factory of Sewina: Machines and Se^wine: Machine Cabinets.

If)

O -^

-a

FIG. A,
OPEN.

3
ft

■-I

CTCi
O

3
ft

o
•K

CD
ft

■^

1/1
o

3
O

r+
■-t

r-t
CD
<

CD
3

TO SEAATIIsra- nN^J^OHIIiTEl r)E]^I_.E!I^S.

LATEST NOVELTY.

FIG. B,
LOCKED.

f^ommrm

C^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above those
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother-of"
and highly ornamented in hand painting by specia
artists. All machines with loose wheel
and self-acting winder.

pearl,

^XIENSION

Furnished

for all systems of machines

Very useful. More solid than ii'on stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Exhibitions.

Novel !
Cheap!
Solid I
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBTION

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED.

PARIS, 1878.

London, 1851,
For High Merit.

Vienna 1878,
^For Progress.

GOLD MEDAL.

London, 1862,
For General Great Excellence.

Philadelphia, 1873,
For Superior Eicellence.

Linen
Thread

MANUFACTURERS

Shrewsbury,
England.

Linen Sewings-Machine Threads. Shoe Threads.

Sole-Sewing Machine Threads, For Blake, Keats, Pearson & other Machines
Wax Machine Threads, of Best Quality and Special New Quality.

Saddlers' Threads. Harness Threads.

Also, Hand Sewing Threads, {^'''

Six-Cord Machine Twist, used in substitution for suk.

Q-illing Twines. Macrame and other Lace Threads.

for Tailors' work, Domestic use, Book-
bindmg, Carpet Sewing, &c.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan: i. ISsi.

BY ROYAL

LETTERS PATENT.

THE *^ DESIDERATUM" BICYCLE,

{FOTl SE-A.SOI^T lSSO_)

PATENT SELF-ADJUSTING STANLEY HEAD (which cannot get out

of order).
PATENT NON-CORROSIVE SPOKES.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE ROLLER, or Ball Bearings.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE STEP.
IMPROVED DUSTPROOF CONED BEARINGS to Back Wheel & Pedals.

"Few makes are now better known than the "Desideratum"; certainly we have received more inquiries
concerning it than any other Machine, and although a large number of our readers must be mounted on this steed, we
have never yet heard a single complaint regarding it. — " Vide Bicycles of the year 1878.

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS

HARRINGTON & CO.,

STEWART STREET, WOLVERHAMPTON.

Descriptive Price Lists on application. Agents wanted in Towns where not represen

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled exeellence.

THIS Machine, by its simplicity and constraction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the shghtest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facihty, it cannot fail to be a great Saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, comolete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATING BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELCTRIC MACHINES,

Combining aU the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terras offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

WRIGHT & CO.,

Sewing Machine Merchants k Manufacturers,

27, SHOREDITCH, LONDON, E;

ALSO AT 457 AND 502 KINGSLAND ROAD, LONDON, N.

The TRADE and SHIPPERS supplied with every description of Sewing Machines
upon the most Uberal terms.

Hand Machines, from 18s.

Treadle Machines with aU the most recent
Improvements.

LOCKSTITCH, ANY SYSTEM, WAEEANTED FROM 508.

Agents wanted throughout Great Britain and the Colonies.

Catalogues and Ter»is 2/_po/t A^plicah'on.

'*THE COVENTRY TRIUMPH^' BICYCLES & TRICYCLES.

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India jRxbber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and Tricycles
Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ^^ EXPRESS^' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

LISTER & CO.,

MANNINGHAM MILL$. BRADFORD

MANUFACTURERS OF

MACHINE SILKS AND TWISTS.

BUTTON-HOLE SILJC TWISTS

KNITTING AND EMBROIDERY SILKS, FILOSELLE, &c.

Reco7nmended for Strength, Evenness and Pure Dye. Length indicated on each label gua>anteed.
OlSTE TK,I-A.X. -V^ILIL, FI^O^VE a?I3:EIIt STJI>EE,IOR,ITTr.
L. & Co.'s Knitting Silks Wash as Well as any produced.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIO APPLIANCES. Jan. 1. 1881.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

M
o

M
CQ

39,

CHESTER STREET, HULME,

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Double Sec-
tion Hollow
Bims,18B.6d

'""^- .^^^vrni

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market,

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R. Eaeer is the liehtest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

S3, BXi-A.CK:i!.fl:jft.iT ST. XjOisrx>03^-

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBEATED

Family and Medium Headline

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

Also MANUFACTUBEES OF THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers.

The only Preparation in the World

LOUISE

Universally Celebrated
HOUSEHOLD

MAGIG POLISH

that will Clean and Polish Sewing
Machines, Bicycles, Pianos, Fur-
niture, Silver and Plated Wares,
Fenders and Fire Irons, Brasses,
Mirrors, and Patent Leather Boots.
Manufactured hi/

ALTMAN & Co., Limited,
Hamsell St., E.G.

Entirely free from Mercury, Oil,

or Acids.

Price Is. Try it. Sj>ecial terms to

.Uerchants and Exporters.

A LARGE STOCK OF
From 18/6 per dozen pairs.

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESCBIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa" Lock-

stitch Seivitig Machines, and Royal

Itink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

ASCHEEBEEG PIANOS

(DRESDEN)

These pianos combine the best quaUties of all the most
renowned makers.

QUEEN STREET, CHFAPSIDE,

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LONDON, B.O:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St, W.

CHIEF OFFICES:

For IRELAND.

BIRMINGHAM— a», Exchange Buildings,
BRADFORD, Yorkahire—1 Booth Street,
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chamberi.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South MaU

For SCOTLAND.

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
\ fiDINBURGH— 4, Cockburn Street.

/DUBLIN— 21, CoUege Green.
\ BELFAST— 55, Victoria Streci.

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCESTER— 6, CoUege Conrt.

LEEDS— 1, East Parade.

LIVKRPOOL— 71, Lord Street.

MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
_._,„__ NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.

With, Agents and Correspondents throughout Vie Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United States of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH— 85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD— 85, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street.

BELFAST— The Noethern Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bank of England.
DUBLIN— The National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The National Bank op Scotland.
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bai«k of Liverpool.

MANCHESTER— MAKCHESTEE AND SALFOED BANK.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agenoi-isa, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants.
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TEItl^S or STJBSCItlT'TIOISr

(Except for Sgeeial Service and Financial Departments, in which the Rates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

eircumstances.) One, Two, Three, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.

PROSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PAETICULABS ON APPLICATION.

O J^.TJT I O IsT.

There h no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of

King St., opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St.' W.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1, 1881.

Works :— O O V E N T R Y.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Eoad.

MAKERS OP THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

HIUiAN HERBERT frCOOPER
MAKERS.

COOPER'S

INEXTINQUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

IS" < = fe

On the " D.H.F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
the greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
the greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

TEsa?i:M:oisriJ^i:j. ^ ^

Dear Siry, Leamington, October 14th, 1880.

I lease send another large size " Cooper's Patent " Lamp, so that I maj get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. Tatteesfieid.

All Communications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

Jan. 1, 1881. THE SEWnSTG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. iB

The Only Gold Medal for Bool and Shoe Machinery Awarded al I he
Paris Exposilion was for Ihe Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT AND $HOE MACHINERY CI

LIMITED.

A &EEAT VAEIETY OF MACHmEEI

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTING.

RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self -Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WOASHIF STREET, LONDON, E.C.

46 THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jak. 1. 1881.

BLAKE & GOODYEAR, LIMITED,

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery.

SOLE LEATHER MACHINERY.

Improved Kilburn Rand Splitter.

Lift Cutting Machine.

Star Splitting MacMne.

Edge Levelling Machine.

3land Turning Machine.

1, WOESHIP STREET, FINSBURY, E.O,

Jan. 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtlKNAL OF DOMESTtC APPLlANCESb

the ONLY GOLD MEDAL at PARIS for BOOT & SHOE MACHINERl

UPPER LEATHER MACHINERY.

Lining or Kid Cutting Press.

Upper Leather Splitting Machine.

THE BLAEE & GOODYEAE BOOT MD SHOE MACHINERT CO., LIMITED

THiE SEWING MACHINE GAZBTtE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jan. 1. 1881.

The only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the Paris Exposition.

BLAKE & GOODYEAR BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY CO., LIMITED.

BOOT MAKING MACHINERY.

Blake Sole-Sewing Machine
(Terms, Without Royalty).

The New Welt -Stitching
Slachine.

Blake Turn-Shoe Machine.

The iSlew Welt-
Sewing Machine .

Magnetic Lasting Machine.

Tripp Rand Splitter,

McKay Heel-Attaching and Paring Machine.

■■■

Jak. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

fHE BLAKE & GOODYEAR BOOT & (SHOE MACHINERY CO..

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the Paris Exposition

BOOT FINISHING MACHINERY.

Gilmore Leveller,

Patent Edge Parer.

Lainam Heel Parer.

1, WORSHIP STREET. FIKSBrRY, LONDON E.G.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE ONLY GOLD MEDAL

FOR

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY

A. T THE FA.RIS e:x:fosi t I o 3sr .

GOODYEAR'S PATENT STEETsPRINGS

FOE

LADIES' MD aEITLEMElf'S BOOTS MD SHOES.

These Spring's give ease to the Foot, and elasticity to the Boot.

Goodyear's Patent Steel Springs effectually prevent Corns and Bunions.

See that your Boots have "Goodyear's Patent Steel Springs" stamped on the sole.

TESTIMONIAL.

London, October a9th, 1878.
Uesirs. The Blake and Goodyear Boot and Shoe Machinery Co., Limited.

Gentlemen, — Having used the Goodyear Patent Steel Springs for more than two years, I strongly recommend
them to all my Patients. I give a pair to each one of them, advising them to wear the same, as they give ease to the foot
and elasticity to the boot, causing the boot to conform more to the shape of the foot, thereby preventing bunioni
and corns.

Yours truly,

I. ZACHARIE. Surgeon-Chiropodist.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 80, Brook Street, Grosvenor Square.

Goodyear's Steel Spring's Wholesale only of the

BLAKE & GOODYEAR BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY CO., LIMITED,

1, WORSHIP STREET, LONDON, E.G.

Directions for using Goodyear' s Patent Steel Springs for Ladies' and Gentlemen' s Boots and Shoes.

Place the flat end of the Spring well under the heel, pag or nail down through the holes into the insole at
the heel only.

Caution. — Do not place them too far forward.

The above Diagram shows exactly where they should be placed.

The BLAKE & GOODYEAR BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY

COMPANY, LIMITED,

I, WORSHIP STREET, FINSBURY, E.G.

Jan. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

STANDARD SCREW FASTENED.

Has stood the Test of Time !
SOMETHING BETTER THAN WOOD

HOW TO MEND

STANDARD

SCREW

FASTENED

BOOTS & SHOES

Used exclusively by United States Government 7 Years.
PEGS OR RIVETS FOR FASTENING SOLES OF BOOTS & SHOES.

Retailers not accustomed to mending

Standard Screw Fastened Boots try

to rip off the partly worn sole as they do in
mending riretted shoes. To show Retailers
how to mend Standard Screw
Fastened Shoes as readily and cheaply aa
rivetted or sewed shoes, we illustrate by the
cut how to take off the partly worn-out sole.

First, put a last in the shoe as usual,
then with a thin narrow chisel and a
hammer, you will be surprised how easy it ia
to cut off the screws and remove the out sole
or tap.

After the worn-out sole is taken off, the
boot or shoe can be as easily repaired as any
other kind.

We recommend the Standard

Screw because it is almost impossible to
rip off soles fastened with it. We know

the public want such Shoes, and Shoe-
makers should lose no time in
learning how to repair them

After one trial in the way suggested, all
difficulties in mending will vanish.

TAKING

OFF

WORN-OUT

SOLE.

iDonsT'T :f'Oi?.c3-et the iTJ^nycE-
STANDARD SCREW FASTENED BOOTS & SHOES.
Buy NO OTHER kind. One Pair is worth Two Pairs Pegged or Rivetted, for Service and Comfort

PARENTS, FARMERS, MECHANICS

USE NO MORE PEGGED OR RIVETTED BOOTS & SHOES.

"Wli^Z" ITOT?

1st. The Pegs dry up. Rivets work up into the foot.
2nd. Soles come oiF

3rd. So many pegs or rivets are required to hold the sole on, that the
upper is' greatly weakene<l, making it liable to break near the sole.

4th. It is torture
through the inner sole.

walk on several hundred pegs or rivets sticking

5th. Stockings worn out iu wearing a pair of pegged or rivetted shoes cost
as much as the shoes. j l .j

6th. Wood pegs and brass or iron rivets belong to a past age, and should
not be used any longer. . .. ^ . ,

7th. There is something better, makes a shoe last twice as long, easy,
smooth inside, tight, cannot rip or come apart, approved by the United States
Government after 7 years' test ; millions of {pairs have been worn, and not one has
failed.

THE MOST REMARKABLE FACT OF
THE AGE!

WEAR NO MORE
RIVETTED SHOES.

WEAR THE STANDARD FASTENED

STANDARD SCREW FASTENED BOOTS & SHOES.

Are entirely different from all others and far better, The soles never come apart nor^Rip,

A^S^%^^^^ OUT FOR

M I T A T I O N S ! <^f^p^^
^ . .^.._ a .^ OUR TRADE MARK IS 1^° 5 MM |
\^^^i IT SHOULD BE STAMPED ON THE SOLE OF EVERY PAIR V^f<^

BLAKE & GOODYEAR Boot and Sloe Machinery Company, Limited,

1, "WOI^SSIIiF STIE^EET, LOlTIDOISr, E.O.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jan "1, 1881.

Finlaysoii,Bonsflelil&Go.'s

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVEB MADE.

^2^' N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and ^^1^

Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

1851;

1865.

JOHNSTONE,-" ClASGOW.

Printed for the Proprietors, and Published by them at 11, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.
JAN.l^^ 1881.

THE ROTARY CUTTER.and SELF EOLDING ATTACHMENT,

made for
THE "WHITE" SEWING MACHINE,
19, Queen Victoria Street, London, e.g.

Jones & Ct/rnBiRrsoN,

s, Lit'lcTri/hty Lane e c.

«i

Palmer's Patent Adjustable Ball Bearing for Bicycles,

Sole Makers— Palmer & Holland, Victoria Works, Aston Park, Birmingham.

Vol. IX. No. 123.

FEBRUARY 1, 1881.

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, /fee.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

RAWORTH'S

COTTONS are EEM ARK ABLE

EASEm.FREEDOM

IN SEWING

u s E R AWO RT m IB C 0 T T 0 Nl -

CHARLES STREIET MILLS LEICESTER

SPECIALLY ADAPTED for SEWING MACHINES.

EQUALLY SUITABLE FOR HAND SEWING.

Sold Retail by Machine Dealers, Drapers, Haberdashers, &c.

Specially appointed Sole Manufacturer to the Queen.

THE SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Feb. 1, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Kitchen BoUer Explosions '9

Correspondence

Hutchinson's Fork Cleaner ^°

Patents ^'

Hints to Repairers ^^

American Patent Office Reports =3

BicycUng in America -3

Electricity as Power and Heat ^3

Meeting of the Bicycle Union 24

Nine Hours System of Foreign Competition 25

"What constitutes Beauty in Drawing 25

Electric Lighting ^°

County Court Debtors 3 '

Mr. Mundella on Technical Education 3'

Labour Market 3^

How to discourage Agents 33

Readings for Mechanics 33

The White Company 3+

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Devey, Joseph & Co 37

Harrington &Co '3

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 12

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Surrey Machinists Co 3°

Warman, Laxon & Co 37

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co '6

Bo\vn, W 40

Devey, Joseph & Co 37

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

AVarwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Warwick, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery Manufacturers:

Blake and Goodyear Conipany II

Howe Machine Co., Limited 1 7

Button Hole Machines :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Company 10

Gas Engine Makers .•

Andrew, J. E. H ly

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting Machine Manufacturers:

Holroyd, J...

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co iS

Publications :

Piatt on Life 3°

Urquhart on the Sewing Machine 28

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Evans, Walter & Co 14

Raworth, John T i

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 8

Bown, W 9

Daville, R. S. & Co 17

Manasse, Max 38

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Co 10

Gritzner & Co 7

Holroyd, J 41

Howe Machine Company, Limited 17

Junker & Ruh 8

MothersiU, R 9

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 16

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company 4, 5

Thurlow, Charles 38

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Watson & Co 38

Wheeler & A\'ilson Manufacturing Co 3

Wliite Sewing Machine Company 6

Wright Sc Co 9

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Ariston Oil Company ." 9

Bishop's Cluster Company 16

Daville & Co 5

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company 8 .

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Evans, Walter, & Co 7

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 10

Marshall & Co ii

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 43 .

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Holmes, Pearson, Midgley, & Co 37

Twelvetrees, Harper 16

Whitley & Co 17

Taylor & Wilson 15

Taylor, F. D 36

iyCoC3- ILL'S

PATENT SINGLE-STROKE STAPLE PRESS.

Secured by Royal Letters Patent, iVo. 756, 25th Feb., 1879.

For Binding Papers, Pamphlets, &c., sampling Woollens, Cottons, Silks, &c., and for suspending
Show Cards, &c., McGill's Patent Staple Fasteners and Staple Suspending Rings will be found un-
surpassed in adaptability, and the only articles for the pm^poses intended that can be applied auto-
matically. McGill's Patent Single-Stroke Staple Pi-ess automatically inserts these Fastenei-s and
Rings. A single stroke of the operator's hand upon the Plunger of the Press will instantaneously
insei-t and clinch the Staple or Ring, in the articles to be bound or suspended.

Also IIcGill's Patent American Paper Pasteners, Binders, Suspending
Kings and Braces, Picture Hangers, &c., clieaper and superior to any ytaple Suijpend-

other make. ing Ring.
6s. per 1000

EUROPEAN AGENTS—

F. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, E.G.

wholesale only. discount to exporters.
Illustrated Catalogue and Price List on Application.

staple Fastener.
5s. per 1000.

FBI. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

"BRAND
PRIZE"

FOE

SEWING
MACHINES

PARIS
EXHIBITION, 1878.

WHEELER & WILSON'S

ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH TREADLE

SEWINC mACHINES

From £5 10s. Hand Machines from £4 4s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the " GEAND PEIZE " was awarded, are tha

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No, 6. — -A. Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work from the finest to the thickest

in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work .... ,, £8 lOSt

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work ,, £10.

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, &c , - „ £8 lOs.

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

NOS. 1 & 2 Prices, £6 lOs., £7 lOg.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Ip 'he best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's bouddir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COYEE, complete, £5 5a,

INSTRUCTION GRATIS TO ALL (whether purchasers or not) at any of our oflacea, a

good operators recommended to employers.

Machine ON HIRE with OPTION OF PTJIICHASE from 2/6 per Week, or from 10/- per Month. '
EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED

Illustrated Catalogues and other Particulars, Post Free.

WHEELER &> WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

liondon, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.O.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

„ 49, Newington CauBcway, S.B.
Liverpool, 73, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stevenson Place.
Brighton, 163, Nortli Street,

Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.
Manchester, 131, Market Street,

Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57. Tyrrel Street,
Edinfeurgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen'! Greeu.

Belfast, G3, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, 1881.

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES

After being engaged in litigation for nine years, The Singer Manufacturing Company, in
d Chancery Suit recently heard before Vice-Chancellor Sir James Bacon, have established their
exclusive right to the use of the name " Singer," as applied to Sewing Machines. The Public
are cautioned that " Singer" or " Singer's " Sewing Machines are only made by The Singer
Manufacturing Company, who keep them on sale at their offices in all the tov/ns of the
United Kingdom.

SINGERS SEWING MACHINES

ARE

UNEQUALLED

because of their perfect
adaptability to every class of
sewing, from the finest mus
lin to the thickest cloth.

UNEQUALLED

because of their cheapness
and universal popularity.
Price from £4 48. For cash,
£4.

PRICE
from

ARE

UNEQUALLED

because they are within the
reach of all. If unable to
pay cash, a "Singer's" ma-
chine can be had on hire at
S/B per week with option
of purchase and without any
addition to the price.

UNEQUALLED

for portability, excellence,
durability, and eflaciency ;
and are so simple that a child
can work them.

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES, ^7e

HAND OR TREADLE, PEEWEEK.

BEWARE OF PERSONS, who, having no good trade repute of their own, use our
name, " SINGER," to palm off counterfeit machines of inferior construction and manufacture.

EVERY SINGER MACHINE has the Company's name printed on the Arm, and
impressed upen the Brass Trade Mark Plate.

TO AVOID DECEPTION, buy only at The Offices of the Singer Manufacturing
Company (formerly I. M. Singer and Co.).

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMP

MANUFACTURERS OF

SPTGEE'S SBWII^G MACHIlSrES.

CHIEF COUNTING HOUSE IN EUROPE:—

89, FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON,

AND 287 BRANCH OFFICES !N THE UNITED KINGDOM.

Feb. 1, 1831. THE SEWING MACHLNE (jAZElTrB AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 5

THE SINBER MANUFACTURINB COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAP8IDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapaide, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, "W. ; 61, High Street, Camdec Town, N."W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Oauseway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Ajichor Road, Bennondsey, S.E {now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Olapham Road, S.W. ; 144,Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite "Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingaland High Street, N. ;
I, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4aj North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

Accrington, 9, Peel-street
lUdershot, Victoria-road
Mfreton, 68, King-atreet
Ashford, 17, Maj-eh-Btreet
Ashton-u.-LyTie, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, SUver-street
Bakewell, North Church -street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamaley, Eldon-street
Barrow -in -Fumess, 11, Dalkeith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-Btreet
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
BiikerJiead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, "Wind HiU
Blackburn, 54 a, Church -street
Blyth, Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport- street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' I-nstit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,8t., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Keat), 18, High-street
Burnley, 110, St. James'-street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St.-Edmund8,7&,St.John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittrille-street
Chester, 68, Poregate-street
Chesterfield, l,Corporation.bldg8,
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry, 12, Fleet-street (op,

Babla^e Church)
Crewe, 67, Nantwich-roeid
Darlington, 10, Prebend-row
t>arUurd, 18, High-etrml

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, S6. Park-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -lull)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 6, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street i

Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
■Rccles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema-„-jcr£Hfc
Guernsey, 17, Smith-street
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 63, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
HeckmondwTke,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station- street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Hertford, Fordea House, Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Hkeston, 76, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, "Wildman-street
Kiddetminster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38. "Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester, 44, Granby-street
Lewes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (StafEs.), 12,Market-ter.
Loughborough, 44, Market-place
Lowestoft, 123, High-street i

Luton, 32, Park-street ^
Lynn, 9, Norfolk-strpet
Maidstor', B, King-st— ''

Maldon, High-street

il05, Ma^tet-street
132, Cheeiham-hill
438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshire-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House;

Market-place
Middlesboro*, 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hiU
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-ou-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, "W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street I
Newport (Mon.), 2B, High-street I
Newport(I of Wiffht).91,Pyle-stJ
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road'
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, "Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate -
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England -pi.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-street (op-

posi^e Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, "West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street

Ripley, Market-place

l.ipon, 1, Blossomgate

Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street

Romford, Market-place

Rotherham, 109, Main-streat

Rugby, Lawford-road

Rimcom, High-street

Ryde(IsleofWighti,78,Dnion-st.

Saffron Walden, Church-street

Salisbury, 56, Fisherion-street
' Salford, 4, Cross-iaae. and 100,
I Begent-road
I Scarborongh, 30, Huniri.'^a-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 61 , Chiu-ch-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, Y.'^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station c'reet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth. 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58. Fleet-'^treet
Truro, 13, Victoria-pface
Tunbridge "Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
"Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
"Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
"Warrington, 44, Horsemarkct-st,
Watford, . Queen' s-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5. New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-strtet
Wigan, 21, King -street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street!
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles-sti'cet
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
"Tork, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Abervstwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-^treet
Cardiff, 5, Queen-strewt
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, Market-hall
Pontypool, Market-hall "%
Pontypridd, Marljet-hall
Swoiisea, 103, Oxford-Street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Ayr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, I'L Princes-street
Elgin, 215, HJfeh-Btreet
Forfar, 28, Castle-street
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 89, Union-street
Greenock, 8. West Blackhall-rt,
Hamilton, 32, Cadaow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Rirkcaldy, 69, High-'^reet
Kirlrwall (Orkney), Broad-st~eel
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High- street-cross
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St"; John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, SI, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-street

Athlone, Church-street

Ballina, Bridge-street

Ballyraena, W and 68, Church-sl.

Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N-

Carlow, TuUow-street

Coleraine, New-row

Cork, 79, Grand-parade

Drogheda, 97, St. George' s-slreel

Dublin, 69, Grafton-street

Ennis, Jail-street

Enniskillen, 15, High-street
I Fermoy, 1, King-street
I Galway, Domnick-street

KilrusK. Moore-street

Kingstown, 65^ Lower Creorge -et

Limerick, 31, Patrick -street

Londonden'y. If Carlisle-road

Mullingar, Greville-street

Navan, Trimgate-srreet

Newry, 18, SupBr-isIasd

Parsonstown, 2, Seffins

Quocnstown, Harbour-row

Shiro, 45, Knox-street

Tiralce. 40, Bridge-street

Waterford, 124, Quay

W eif ord, Selfikai-eljee^

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Pbb. 1, 1831.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE :

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWIMG MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Maoliines for I -tm
all work. -iJM

12 various mTTTiTpl 5 years. Legal

styles. |iJtlriliv| guarantee

Every machine
Warranted for

ATTRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

■WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing- Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine— or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, Iiondou, E,C.

^BB. 1. 1881.

THE SEWING MACHHSTE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

GRIT

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets.

ermany.

f-H

a >-i

& H
O ^

rs
n

be
a>

FIG. A,
OPEN

TO SE-wiisra- ivA^^omisrE de^leik/S.

LATEST NOVELTY.

(/)

2.
5'

:/3

3-
3

(/Cj

fl)

f-f

-— '

,_i.

i-t

FIG.

LOCKED.

^mm

car PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free iu London at prices but little above thosa
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother-of-
pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by special
artists. All machines with loose wheel
and self-acting winder.

OABim

ojmm

^^^ENSlOli

TABLE.

Furnished

for all systems of machines,

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Exhibitions.

Novel !
Cheap!
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

lutemational

EXHIBITION

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOME&TIC APPLIANCES. Feb. 1, l§8i.

TRADE

MARK

ANNUAL PRODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

TEADE

MAKE

PROPER IRION FOUNDRY,

FIRST PRIZES AT DIFFERENT EXHIBITIONS.

ORIGINAL RHENANIA,

Unbivalled Splendid
HAND

SEWING
MACHINE.

ORIGINAL FIDELITAS,

Best Family

SEWING
MACHINE.

GROVER AND
BAKER'S

Sewing
Machine

FOR TRADE.

ORIGINAL BADENIA,
HEAVY STRONG

SEWING
MACHINES

FOR TRADE.

TBADE

MAKE

JUNKER & RUH, _

Sewing Machine Manufactory,

^ CARLSRUHE (Germany).

MAEK

THE LARGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

EWINS IfACHINE TITTIN6S

IMaohine "Belt" ■ 1 1 Oil g Warehouse.

Manufacturers, m? mm Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

" ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &c.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO,,

NEEDLE MANUPACTURERS,

PHoe Lists Fr^, 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

taADK^A MAUI

Feb. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

NETT CASH, ty the Half Doz.

The Celebrated " TAYLOK FRICTION" Improved- •

The "COMMERCIAL HOWE" Hand Machine

The ditto ditto Treadle

The " COMMERCIAL " CHAIN STITCH, formerly called
"The Express." ...

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The "COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE S"

The ditto Hand ditto

RETAIL.

WHOLESALE.

£4 14

£2 0

4 4

1 15

5 5

2 10

2 2

0 17

6 10

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at Ml Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

35 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices on application free.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside

WRIGHT & CO.,

Sewing Machine Merchants Manufacturers,

27, SHOREDITCH, LONDON, E;

ALSO AT 457 AND 502 KINGSLAND ROAD, LONDON, N.

The TRADE and SHIPPERS supplied with every description of Sewing Machines
upon the most liberal terms.

Hand Machines, from 18s.

Treadle Machines with all the most recent
Improvements .

LOCKSTITCH, ANT SYSTEM, WAEEANTED FEOM 50?.

Agents wanted througliout Great Britain and the Colonies.

Catalogues and Terms u;pon Application.

THE ARISTON OIL COMPANY,

15, KIRBY STREET, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, E.G.,
MAKERS OF SPECIAL SEWING MACHINE AND BICYCLE OILS.

Wholesale and lor Export.

TFE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Feb. 1, 1881.

FiiiIapn,Bousfield& Go.'s

MACHINE THREADS

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID

THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledg-ed by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE.

LONDON;

N,B. — Finlayson, Bonsfleld, and
Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

DUBLIN*

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

JOHNSTONE/- GLASGOW.

1851;

1865.

Feb. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The Only Gold Medal for Bool and Shoe Machinery /{warded at the
Paris Exposilion was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAE

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

THE

BLAKE SOLE SEWING MACHINE

a ON TEEMS, WITH OR WITHOUT ROYALTY.

A GREAT VARIETY OF MACHINERY

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,

SELF FEEDING POUCHES, EAND AND WELT CUTTING,

RAND TURNING,
SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS*
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

4T NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Kaw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WORSHIP STREET, LONDOM, E.C.

THE SEWING MACHINE OASSETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Fee. 1, 1881.

HILLMAN, HERBERT, & COOPER,

Works :— C O V E N T R Y.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Koad.

MAKERS OF THE

• H

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

HIUMAN HERBERT ftCOOPEB
MAKERS.

COOPERS

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

On the " D.H.F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Beanngs, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

Please send another large size " Cooiaer's Patent " Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Yours truly, W. Tattekspield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, .1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Tours truly, H. Kevell Eetnolds, jun.. Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Reynolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Reynolds, L.B.C.

AU Communications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

E.FEB. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHIKE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

BY ROYAL

LETTERS PATENT.

THE ^^DESIDERATUM" BICYCLE,

(FOTl SB-A.S03Sr 1880.)

. Px\TENT SELF-ADJUSTING STANLEY HEAD (which cannot get out

of order).
PATENT NON-CORROSIVE SPOKES.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE ROLLER, or Ball Bearings.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE STEP.
IMPROVED DUSTPROOF CONED BEARINGS to Back Wheel & Fed

"Few makes are now better known than the "Desideratum"; certainly we have received more inq
<:oncerning it than any other Machine, and although a large number of our readers must be mounted on this Stee
Aave never yet heard a single complaint regarding it. — " Vidk Bicycles of the year 1878.

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS

HARRINGTON & CO.,

STEWART STREET, WOLVERHAMPTON.

Descriptive Price Lists on application. Agents wanted in Towns where not represen

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT
KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled excellence.

THIS Machine, by its simplicity and construction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and %vill supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so hght that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any land of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be alteied to different styles and mdths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATING BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELCTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms oflered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

14,

^tHE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AnD JOITENAL Of" DOMESTIC APPLlAiTCES.

Feb. 1, I88i.

FOR SEWING

MACHINES.

TRADE MAEK.

ALTER EVANS & CO.,

BO A R'S-K E A. ID COTTOKT OVT ^ 3>T TJ F ^ O T O E, "ST, UERB-S-.

EVANS'S SUPERIOR SIX CORD SEWING COTTON, ON SPOOLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED

ALSO

Superior Six-Cord Crochet Cotton, on Spools, in Skeins, and in Balls, for Sewing, Knitting, and Crochet, which

IS especially recommended for all "first-class Crochet Work; " also for Guipure d'Art and Point Lace
Maltese Thread, in Balls, White, Black, and Colors
Tatting Cotton, on Spools.

Patent Glace Thread, in White, Black, and Colors, on Spools and Cards.
Two and Three Cord Sewings, on Spools, soft finish.
Sewings, in Balls.
Embroidering, Knitting, Mending, Cotton Cords, and Small Cords.

1862.

London Exhibition Prize Medal,
awarded "for very strong *
most superior thread.'.'

1867.

Paris Universal EzUbitioa
Gold lUedal,

1873.

Vienna First Class ISIedal
" for Progress."

1878. ■

Paris Universal Exhibition,
Silver Medal.

LIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLT rOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKEBS,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

rioweringMaeliine (with patent vibrating attaclimelit.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FQr" ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the UnitecJ

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples of Work, FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited,

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

t'lfi. 1, l88i.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APiPLIANCES.

Sjdnej Exhibition.

PRIZE
MEDAL

AWA RDS

1880.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price, £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3 : 5

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes.

THE ANNUAL &ALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, thoroughly seasoned, and are aU fitted witli oui
well-known patents and appliances, which, cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalo§,ihe free on apjilication to

TAYLOR & M^ILSON.

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

THE SEWIlsra MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Feb. 1, 1881.

Clothes-Wrina:ers ! Clothes-Wringers ! !

HARPER TWS3LVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES-WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

Strong Prames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen jeare as the '' Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
instantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes- Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
delicate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25s., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetraes' Cheap Pifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch Rollers.
Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HAEPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

■ This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name (" Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, 'not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from'the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION. — James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples o
Work, and all particulars free on applicatio

Eaymoud's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers.

.A-CS-EISTTS ■Vi7■-A-I^Q■TED.

CHIEF

DEPOT

FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL.

p. FRANK, AGENT.

ESTABLISHED 1863.

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America

M ^
ft

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G.;
PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

JLO-IEllNrT

■W" ^ ZSr T IB 3D -

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lnbrinilor. It ill start at a moment's notice.

Power. Phice,

OneMan ••■ £25 0 0

One-and-a-half Man 3» 0 0

TwoMan 35 0 0

FourMan 59 0 0

H
W

W
H
<

w
in

H
"7^

H
W

J. E. H. AIS^DREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN

)

Sewing Machine Attachments,

FITTINGS, OIL, &c.,

IMPORTERS OP

AMEEICA]^ SEWIl^Q MACHmES,

DOMESTIC MACHINERY,

CLOCKS, NOVELTIES,

HARDWARE, &c., &c.

LISTS FORWARDED ON APPLICATION,

46, WOOD STREET,

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 lOS,, OR -WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortnight's Family
"Wash in Four Hoiurs, without rub-
bing OE BoiLisG, as certified by
thousands of delighted pixrchasers
It is easy to "work, easily under
stood, strong-ly made, dm-able, doe-
not injui-e the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only Wash-
ing- IVIacliine in the world vrhich
renders Boiling ujinecessary, and
saves five or six hom-s of coppers
firing each washing day. Tlie Five*
Guinea "Villa" "Washer possessed
tremendous wasliing power, and
will wash 15 dozen coUai-s and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel tAble cloths in an
lioiu' ; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
houi' ; Z\ dozen shirts per horn* ; li
dozen sheets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, ciu-tains, iSre., in
proportion. Such success is im_
paralleled! Blusti-ated Prospectuses
and Export Quotations post free of

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LArSDEY ElfGINEER AND MACHINIST,

FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

80,

AQENTS WANTED.

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's
WashiBg: MacMne.

' Paragon "

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, 1881,

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVEKAGE ISONTHLY DSLIVERT (inoluding Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT EEPLACING STEAM ENGINES EEOM 1 to 40 HOESE POWEE IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
>« MAlfCHESTEE,.

CROSSLEY BROTHERS,

LONDON HOUSF.:

116, Queen Victoria Street, E.O,
LONDON. %»

THE '

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prize l\/ledals, Honours & Awards, wherevex Exhibited.

THE NEW " LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running

Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s,

WANZER " C " Light Foot Family Macliiiie, entirely New, with every
improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " P " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER "E" Wheel Peed Machine, for heavy work of aU kinds-
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTIKG AND BASTING
MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 303. complete. Tht
only Machme Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER "^"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It combines all the hnown advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Guineas complete.

The Wander Sewtng Machine Company,

LIMITED,

Chief Oface-4, GREAT PORTLAND ST..
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

KITCHEN BOILER EXPLOSIONS.

Deaths from the explosion of boilers in private houses have
been so lamentably frequent during the present hard frost that
they form an important feature of the public calamity. More
serious, however, than the actual number of such accidents that
have occurred is the danger which every house with a boiler in it
runs from- day to day. Some thirty lives have been lost from
this cause, and the reckoning is dreadful enough to contem-
plate ; but many thousands are Living on with the very same
peril of explosion present in their kitchens, and at any hour,
by the wilfulness or stupidity or carelessness of a servant, or by
the neglect of the plumber called in to see that all is going
well, the boiler may burst, wrecking the kitchen and killing
those in it, bringing down the floor above, and spreading ruin
in an instant throughout the lower stoiies of the house. It is
difBcult for householders and families to understand this.
They are so accustomed to their boiler, the familiar feature of
the kitchen range, that they can as little connect death and
havoc with it as with the cat upon the hearth. If the cat were
suddenly to develop into a man-eating tiger, to rush with a
roar upon the kitchen-maid and fell her to the ground with a
single blow of its paw, she would be greatly surprised. But
even such behaviour as this would not astonish her more than
the bursting of the boiler. In a general way she knows that
boilers burst occasionally ; but then these are somebody else's
boilers and not her own, and it does not seem to enter within
her vision of the possible that the machine of which she herself
has charge should suddenly some day go off with a bang, and
blow her into atoms. So she listens blandly to all her master's
explanations and exhortations, and promises obedience; but,
the moment his back is turned, she proceeds to draw " just a
little" water out of the familiar tap, to save herself the trouble
of boiling a kettle, and, when going to bed, rakes out the
kitchen tire, and lays it ready for the morning, so that her
cold fingers next day may have as little to do as possible. In
vain has her master tried to explain to her carefully that
within the week a kitchen-maid in St. John's-wood has been
killed by a boiler exploding which has been unduly emptied,
or a cook at the East-end blown to pieces when relighting the
fire, which had been allowed to go out too early overnight.
She understood his warnings as referring to some very vague
possibilities that might have happened in some remote period
of time ; at all events, as to something that could never occur
to herself. So she goes on her way complacent and self-satis-
fied, until one day the kitchen requires a new boiler and a
new cook.

Though under such circumstances blame, no doubt, is to be
attributed to the servants, much, nevertheless, depends upon
the master and the mistress of the house. In the first place,
the kitchen boiler can always be rendered hiirmless by empty-
ing it, and by keeping it empty until warm weather sets in.
Of course, in that case, the kitchen fire must be allowed to go
out, and must not be re-lit, or the empty reservoir will split
with the heat, and, though not dangerous to life, wUl be costly
to the purse. It is not, however, in every household that the
extinction of the fire can be borne, for, however amusing it
may seem in theory to live picnic fashion all over the house
for a few weeks, in practice the absence of the kitchen fire
proves a very severe trial all round, both in point of comfort
and temper. When, however, life and limb are concerned,
even the inconvenience of a cold hearth are not considered by
some to be too great a price for safety, and so, in spite of the
unconcealed contempt of the cook, the disgust of the house-
maid, and the consternation of the cat, the kitchen fire is
allowed to die out, the boiler drained empty, and desolation
formally takes possession where comfort used to sit enthroned.
At this price safety may be absolutely assured ; but human
nature is so constituted that, even for safety, such a procedure
as the extinction of the kitchen fire will not generally approve
itself. Next, in point of security, comes the device of keeping
the cistern that supplies the boiler always filled, and taking
care that no water is ever drawn from the boiler. By this
means the heat of the boiler is kept as nearly as possible at
its maximum, and the greatest resisting power is given to the
steam. But even here there is a flaw for frost to work
mischief in, for, unless care i? taken that the steam

escape-pipe, wherever it may be, is thoroughly free, that
all-important orifice may suddenly become caked with ice, and
explosion naturally results. Or, again, it may happen that in
the night hours, when the kitchen fire has gone out and the
frost is at its hardest, the pipe somewhere or another will get
frozen, the steam will gradually collect into ice, and the result
to the boiler will be the same — immediate explosion. To this
end builders often carefully work, for they will run the pipes,
quite unconsciously, as near the outer air as possible, and
subject them, therefore, to aU the freezing influences that
they can, instead of carrying them warmly and safely up the
cornets of the wall inside the house, where they would not
only escape the perilous cold, but would be always under easy
observation. It may be, too, that the waste-pipe from the
bath-room upstairs debouches "upon the leads, and to take it
out a hole has to be made in the outer waU. Alongside the
waste-pipe runs the other, in which the hot water circulates
between the boiler and the bath, and this also passes over the
hole which has been made ; but it does not occur to the
builder's men that a basketful of cement would be well spent
in stopping up this hole, and so prevent the freezing blast from
plajang full upon the hot-water pipes, upon whose heat the
safety of the house depends. They leave the hole open, and,
when the freezing blast does blow, the heat of the pipes and
the cold of the air fight it out all through the long night by
themselves, while the house, unconscious of the explosive force
struggling for freedom, sleeps on. Next morning the plumber,
called in to explain the mystery of cold water in the bath,
announces to the astounded family that they have escaped
disaster by a miracle. " The hot pipe, you see, did not manage
to get quite froze through. Perhaps you weren't using so
much hot water overnight as usual ; enyhow, the boiler's not
busted, thank's to luck."

Of such accidents as these — the successful defence of a hot-
water pipe against the siege of a freezing wind, a bucket or
two of hot water more or less drawn from the boiler overnight,
an hour or two less of the Idtchen fire on a certain day, an
intelligent bather suspecting the chill on the water — does the
safety of life and limb depend in this frosty weather. It is
well, therefore, to have warnings and advice of experienced
men made as public as possible. The ordinary household
boiler, says one of these, situated in the kitchen, and supplying
water to a bath-room in the upper part of the house, is very
much more dangerous than any locomotive or steam launch
that was ever yet constructed. It is set up by builders who
know nothing of dynamics, is carefully tucked up out of
sight, so that it can never be tested or examined, and finally
it seldom has any safety valve. The only wonder, therefore, is
that these boilers do not explode more frequently than thej' do.
They should be of copper, instead of, as is usual, iron, for
copper when exploding only tears and splits, whUe iron bursts
with terrific force. In frosty weather the pipes above get
choked, and the steam is unable to force the hot water thioagh
them, so it collects until the pressure becomes greater than tlie
boiler can bear, and the boiler bm-sts. This is exactly what
has happened in a score of houses in London already. Que
incident of these catastrophes, however, deserves special notice,
for it is unfortunately the case that most men and women, rather
than trust to their owuiutelligeut judgments, place themselves in
thehandsof plumber'smen,whoworksimply by the rideof thumb,
and who, because they have done one thing in one house, do exactly
the same in the next, though the circumstauces of the cases may
be scientifically quite diff'erent. Such a workman as this came
to a miserable end at a house in Blackheath. He was called in
to see a boiler which had been standing empty for some days,
and proceeded at once to light a fire. The master of the house
warned the man of the danger of lighting the fire; but the
unhappy plumber only replied that he " knew all about it, as
he had put in the boUer when the house was built." It did
not matter to him that when he put in the boiler and lighted
the fire the last time it was midsummer, and not an unprece-
dented frost. He only remembered that he had himself put the
boiler in, and that to test it he had lit the kitchen fire. So he
did exactly the same again. He filled the cast-iron bomb-
shell with water and set it boiling, the steam was generated
and tried to escape. But upstairs the frost had caught it.
Both pipes were plugged up hard with ice, and the steam

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1. 188:.

gradually gathered in terrible strength behind the grate ; and
then, all of a sudden, while the wretched plumber was actually
standing before the fatal fire, exploded with awful force,
wounding him so severely that he died almost immediately.
Householders, therefore, should remember that the advice
of working men, let them be never sso familiar with pipes,
is no guarantee of safety, and that they must in some measure
rely also upon their own common sense. If thay wish to be
absolutely safe they must empty their boilers ; but they can
still be as safe as ordinary care can make human life under
exceptional circumstances, if they will see that the boiler is
kept regularly filled. If the pipes of the upper cistern are
frozen so that no water reaches it from the main, they must
see it kept partially filled by hand, and if the handle of the
kitchen boiler can be taken off so much the better. Tempta-
tion is thus removed from lazy or careless servants, and one
more chance of safety is secured. Yet, after all, the great
lesson conveyed by the epidemic of explosions is that valuable
one recently taught by the outbreak of fever in certain London
localities— more caution and self-reliance among householders.
A glimmering of the great truth that they must see to the
state of their drains before they take a house has begun to
steal gradually over the public ; but they have now to remember
also that they ought to acquaint themselves with the position
and conditions of the kitchen boiler and its pipes. A drain
plan will, before long, we hope, be a regular accompaniment
of the lease engagement, and some day, perhaps, we may ex-
pect also to see landlords compelled to place copper boilers
where there are now iron ones, and to give them safety valve.

KITCHEN BOILEE EXPLOSIONS.

To Ihe EdiUr of tie Seiumg Machine Oazetie.

SlE, — The usual list of killed and wounded from this cause
has already far exceeded its average annual proportions. Why
such a cumbrous and costly mode of heating baths is persisted
in is difficult to tell, but it is probable that until the plumber
is made liable to be brought up for manslaughter there will be
no change. The average Briton is far too conservative to give
up an old system for a better. There is not the slightest
reason why a kitchen or bath boiler should ever explode if
properly fixed, by a plumber who has the smallest amount of
common sense. There are two simple ways by which an
explosion can be totally prevented — one by fixing a dead
weight safety valve which should be for convenience fixed when
the apparatus is put up first. The other is to cut a hole in the
hot water return pipe a little distance above the boiler, this
hole being from ^ inch to 1 inch in diameter, and to solder
over this a piece of sheet lead about l-32nd inch thick,
just sufficient to safely stand the general water pressure,
making in fact a weak place in the system of pipes
which will be the first to give way. This hole must
be cut in such a position that the pipe is certain to be
warmed from the fire, and as near as possible to the
boi'er. It must also be where, in case of the sheet lead being
blown out the water will not be thrown into tne room, but into
the fire so as to extinguish it. Any plumber should do this for a
shilling or two, and although it is liable to make a mess it
only does this when an explosion would occur in its absence.
It is also easy to put an escape pipe through which the water
could be led away to the outside of the building in case of
accident. This thin lead safety disc might be made so as to fix
in a brass socket and be easily replaced it' an accident did occur.
The whole system of circulating boilers as at present fixed is
Radically wrong, as, with few exceptions, the hot water is

rarely to be got when wanted in any quantity, and the cost in
fuel expended is utterly out of proportion to the useful result
obtained. There are many simpler, cheaper, and more satisfac-
tory arrangements which can be fixed at lessthan one-tenth the
cost, and of all these the best is a galvanized iron or copper cylinder
of about eight gallons capacity, with a tap, and a good gas
heating burner underneath it, the cylinder having a loose lid
and a water supply tap over it for filling as required. After some
months' daily experience with this there is no doubt that it is far
cheapertouse'thanthecirculatingboiler system, andfarmoreuse-
fulfor general work. It has also the advantage of absolute safety
under any possible condition. In case of a stoppage prevent-
ing the use of the kitchen fire, the use of gas for cooking
prevents the slightest difficulty or inconvenience. This has
now attained such perfection that it is more than probable
that a good gas cooking apparatus, even if got as a makeshift,
will quickly find its proper place, and permanently supersede
the fire for all work. It is generally considered that circulatuig
boUers with a reserve cylinder are safe from explosion. This
is a mistake, as a case where the cylinder burst and flooded a
house has come under my notice within the last few days, and
this is by no means the first accident of the kind which I have
known. Thos. 'ElETCHEB, P.O.S.

4, Museum-street, Warrington.

I shall be glad to give any further information on this
matter to those interested, but must desire that any letters
shall be as concise as possible.

HUTCHINSON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE.
This compact useful labour-saving machine is constructed to
polish six silver or plated forks, either large or small, at one opera-
tion, by means of two soft brushes (one beneath and the other
above the forks), being made to travel horizontally with a soft
and uniform pressm-e evenly distributed over the forks. The
placing in of the forks is done in a most simple manner — the
small handle at the end of the machine is tur-ned once from
right to left, which operation brmgs out two little slides or
ledges projecting sufficiently far enough under the extremities
of the forks to allow them to be placed thereon, the handle is
then turned back to its original position, and by this simple
motion the slides are withdrawn, and the forks remain held
from tip to tip, between flexible keys backed by springs ; the

forks are thereby held in a secure and harmless manner, and
without rigidity. The paste having been appHed and the
large handle tm-ned a few times, the forks may be taken out
with a most brilliant polish, without the slightest injury. The
handle can be turned either way, it being immaterial which.
We do not recommend this machine merely for the great
amount of time and labour saved by it (which, nevertheless, is
estimated at a greater proportion than six to one), but also for
the preservation of forks, as it is well known that the prongs
often sustain injury by the uneven pressure brought to bear
iipon them when cleaned by hand. We think the maohme does
its work admirably ; it is quick in action, economical in paste,
and is certain to produce a brilliant polish. The manufacturers
are Messrs. Hutohuison and Co., 51, Pann-street, Aldersgate-
street, E.C,

Pes. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The following List has been compiled, expressly for the " Shoe and
Leather Trades' Chronicle," by G. F. Eedfeen, Patent Agent, i. South-
street, Fimbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 5j318. F. Cutlan, of Cardiff, for improvements in heel-paring
machines for boots and shoes, applicable also for
burnishing. Dated December 18, 1880.

J, 5328. T. B. Drybrough, of Edinburgh, for improyements in
the construction of skates, and in boots or shoes
to which skates are or may be applied. Dated
December 20, 1830.

„ 5,334. H. J. Haddon — a communication from B. F. Larrabee,
of Boston, United States, for improvements in
machinery for burnishing the heels of boots and
shoes. Dated December 20, 1880.

„ 3,341. G. W. Von Nawrocki — a communication from E.
Fischer, of Kaltwasser, and M. E. Cohn, and
Wolheim, of Berlin, both in Germany, for im-
provements in the manufacture of imitation
leather or leather cloth, and in apparatus therefor.
Dated December 20, 1880.

„ 5,359. L. F. de Cuigni&r and J. N. Long, both of Hoxton,
London, for improvements ia boots and shoes.
Dated December 21, 1880.

„ 19. E. Harnett, of Aldershot, Hampshire, for improve-
ments in boots. Dated January 3, 1881.

„ 36. H. H. Lake — a communication from J. Hitchcock and
D. C. Knowlton, both of Boston, United States,
for improvements in the manufacture of wire nails
for securing the soles of boots or shoes, and in
machinery for forming and driving such nails.
Dated January 4, 1881.

„ 44. T. E. Hardy, of Battersea, London, for coriacine, or an
improved artificial leather. Dated January 4, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —

No. 2,598. A. Balme and W Hall, both of Leeds, for improve-
ments in machinery or apparatus employed for
" lasting " boots and shoes. Dated June 5, 1880.

„ 2,738. C. D. Abel — a communication from J. and C. Ballats-
chano and H. Trenk, all of Berlin, for improve-
ments in tanning hides and materials for that
purpose. Dated July 5, 1880.

„ 2,820. C. H. Pugh, of Birmingham, for improvements in
studs or protectors for the soles and heels of boots
and shoes and other coverings for the feet. Dated
July e, 1880.

„ 2,839. S. F. Cox, of Yattou, Somersetshire, for improvements
in tanning hides and skins. Dated July 9, 1880.

„ 3,534. F, Wirth — a communication from C. Heiuzerling, of
Frankfort, Germany, for improvements in tanning
or converting hides or skins into leather. Dated
Au-ust 31, 1880.

, 3,583. A. M. Clark — a communication from C. J. P. Desnos,
of Paris, for an improved depilatory process for
sheep and other skins and hides. Dated September
3, 1880.

„ 4,324. S. Haley, of Bromley, near Leeds, for improvements
in machinery for " fluffing " and " whiting " leather
skins. Dated October 23, 1880.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

„ 4,701. J. Keighley, of Blackpool, Lancashire, for improve-
ments in the manufacture of soles for boots and
shoes. Dated December 11, 1877.

No. 4,770. G. Jackson, of Leicester, for improvements in the
manufacture of boots and shoes. Dated December
15, 1877.

„ 1. W. E. Lake — a communication from J. Dalton and G.

Simon, both of New York, United States, for im-
provements in adjustable heels for boots and shoes.
Dated January 1, 1878.

„ 38. H. J. Haddan — a communication from B. F. Larrabee,

of Lynn, Massachusetts, United States, for improve-
ments in shoe heel and edge burnishing machinery.
Dated January 3, 1878.

Specifications Published During the Month.
Postage \d. each extra.

No.

1,957. W. A. Barlow, appanatus for the production of

boot heel irons, &c 0 8

2,086. J. Bailey, shoe bi-ushing apparatus 0 4

2,107. C. King, boots and shoes ... ... 0 2

2,138. W. Clark, heel stiffener for boots and shoes ... 0 6
2,158. B. Birnbaum, fastenings for leggings and

gaiters, &c. ... 0 4

2,352. J. W. Jones and E. K. Bridger, metal heels &c.,

of boots and shoes ... 0 6

2,364. O. McG. Chamberlain, fastener for boots, shoes,

&« ... 0 2

2,377. W. E. Lake, waterproofing, strengthening, and

preserving leather, hides, &c.... ... ... 0 4

AMERICAN PATENTS.
Issued and Dated Novemeee 30, 1880.
234,869. C. H. Helms, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., sole-edge trim-
Mass.,

234,912.

lasting

mer for boots and shoes.
H. P. Falraeld, West Medford,

machine.
„ 234,960. C. E. Clark, Eochester, N.H., lasting jack.
„ 235,000. W. Miller, Boston, Mass., metallic socket bushing

for lasts.
„ 235,050. S. W. Wardwell, jr.. Providence, E. I., manufacture

of sewed articles of leather.
„ 235,054. D. W. Gatrall, West Union, W.Va., combined boot

jack and stand.

Issued and Dated December 7, 1880.

No. 235,131. J. W. Cubbage, Gallipolis, Ohio, leather scouring

and wringing machine.
„ 235,172. H. P. Eoberts, Jamestown, N.Y., leather skiving

machine.
„ 235,249. J. M. Jones, Wrexham, North Wales, England,

leather fluffing or grounding machine.
„ 235,262. J. Leycuras, Paris, Fiance, heel for boots and

shoes.
„ 235,271. T. McWaters, Washington, D.C., shoe and hame

fastener.

No,

Issued and Dated December 14, 1880.
235,377

G. E. Peare, Lynn, Mass., boot and shoe sewing
machine.
G. D. Atkins, Erie, Pa., device for exhibiting

235,402.

235,442. A. C. Krueger, Chicago, 111., machine for treating

raw hides.
235,541. A. Leonard, jr., Plymouth, Mass., shank stiffner for

boots and shoes.
235,583. A. Teas, Newark, N.J., machine for cutting leather

and pasteboard.

Issued and Dated Dbobmbeh 21, 1880.-
J. A. Ambler, Natick, Mass., mechanism for abrad-
ing and polishing boot and shoe soles. (Re-
issue.)
J. A. Stockwell, Chicago, 111., toe protector for boots
and shoes. (Re-issue-)

No. 9,504.

9,514.

It is said that it is about as hard to hide your love as to hide
a sneese; neither of them can be repressed.

Conductor (declining a tract which was offered him with his
fare) : Very much obliged, mum, but we ain't allowed to take
any perq^uisites whatever mum.

THE SEWING- MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, l88l.

HINTS TO REPAIRERS.

(By " Cog-vrlieel," in the Sewing Maehine News.)
THE WHEELER & WILSON.

Before removing the cloth-plate from the W. & W. No. 2,
examine the needJe-arm to see if it is as tight as it should be
in all joints connected with it, and whether the needle plays truly
in the centre of the hole in the cloth plate. At the same time
be careful to see that the needle plajs as near to the point of
the rotary hook as possible without touching it. The four
poults concerned in holding the needle-arm steady are : The
screws in the eccentric under the cloth-plate ; the screws in
the joint of the short lever ; and the two set-screws upon which
the rook-shaft hangs. Take hold of the forward end of the
needle-arm and try if it will shake up and down. If it is loose,
ascertain at what point the correction must be made. It will
not answer to do this by guess, because if any one point be
tightened more than is required to steady the parts and keep
them from rattling, the machine will run too heavily. Close
them up carefully, untU no looseness in the needle-ai-m can be
felt.

After adjusting the set-screw in the hinge of the short lever
as tightly as perfect freedom of motion in the hinge will admit
of, we come to an adjustment of the short ^lever upon the
rock-shaft, of vital importance to the perfect operation of the
machine. To do this readily and with certainty, every teacher
or adjuster should be provided with a gauge, by which to
adjust the play of the needle-arm both upward and downward.
TUs is governed entirely by the position of the short lever on
the rook-shaft.

New machines are generally set right in this respect, but
old ones frequently need resetting. The gauge should have
two points, defining respectively the exact limits of both the
upward and downward play of the needle-arm. The upper
and lower edges of the needle-yoke should be made to touch
two points of the gauge as the latter stands upon the cloth-
plate. The downward play must be exactly according to the
gauge ; the upper may vary a little without material injury.
In order to give the proper upward play to the needle-arm it
is sometimes necessary to put a small bit of card paper between
the upper edge of the rock-shaft and the short lever; but as
this takes off part of its downward motion, it is necessary to
slip the short lever a little higher up on the rook-shaft in order
to restore this before tightening the screws. In tightening
this screw care must be used to have the short lever exactly
plumb and true.

TIMING THE MACHINE.

Timing the machine, as it is technically called, or, in popular
language, harmonising its movements, like the tuning of a
musical iiastrument, is of vital importance, and should always
be done with the most scrupulous exactness. The needle-arm
having been carefuUy adjusted by the gauge, and the needle
properly set, you may first apply a test of the timing it has
ah-eady received. This may be done by sewing two pieces of
cotton cloth together, and carefully watching the loop as it is
cast off the rotating hook. Sew an inch or two at an ordinary
speed, and then slacken up to a very slow motion, so that you
can stop at the very instant the loop falls over the cast-off. At
that point look out for the eye of the needle. If it stands the
thickness of your needle-wrench above the cloth you are sew-
ing, it is right. If the eye is more than this above the cloth
the time is said to be too fast ; that is, the loop falls oii too
quickly, or before the needle has had time to reach its proper
position. Loosen the screws in the pulley, and set the rotating
hook a little back.

Continue this test, and this correction — moving the hook
forward or backward, as may be required — untU the proper
adjustment is reached,

THE LOOP-CHECKS.
Their use is, as their name indicates, to check the motion of
the large loop of the upper thread as it is being carried around
the bobbin by the rotating hook, imtU the point of the hook
enters another loop just then being formed at the needle : In
order to check the motion of this large loop effectually, it is
necessary that the loop-check shall rub gently against the
periphery of the hook upon which the loop lies. The loop is
thus held back an instant, while the hook moves on to take

another loop from the needle. Provision is made for the release
of the loop at the proper moment by a bevelled portion of the
hook, which does not touch the loop-check and thus afford
space for the thread to pass between that and the hook. If
from any cause, such as the wearing of the loop-check, or from
being moved out of its place, it fails to check the loop, the loop
will be caught a second time by the hook, and the machuie will
stop, or the thread will break with a jar that you can hear.

When the thread breaks from this cause, yo^r may always
know it by the jar, as well as by the break always occurring
about two inches from the needle. To correct this, move the
loop-check a little closer to the rotating hook, so that it wOl
rub against it, and hold back the loop until the hook moves
forward to the needle.

The brush should never be pushed up so far as to bend the
bristles out to the side of the hook. The loop should be free
to pass on so soon as the beveled part of the hook begins to
show itself above the brush. If the brush should hold on to
the loop longer than this it will cause loose stitches or loops to
appear on the under side of the work. By closely watching
the action of the brush on the loop while a few stitches are
being sewed it can readily be seen when the loop is held too
long. The brush segment should be about a quarter of an inch
from the bed-plate.

In old machines the needle-hole in the cloth-plate is often
found to be worn into a notch on the far side of the hole by
the action of the thi-ead and needle. This notch is sometimes
so deep as to catch and hold the loop of the thread and stop
the work from feeding forward: Sometimes it only catches the
loop occasionally, holding it long enough to permit its being
drawn up, and then letting it go, thus causing loops at inter-
vals along the sewing. This notch, and any other roughness
about the needle-hole must be removed, or a new plate, or
plate-slide, substituted.

Have the tension in all its parts clean and free from oil.
Examine the slide-ring, see that it is not too tight or too loose
for the bobbin.

If one or both of the rounded portions always found between
the inlet and outlet bevels of new slide-rings are found on the
old ones to be worn off, they had better be rejected, as no ad-
justment of other parts, however perfect, will compensate for
the want of a good slide-ring.

THE "take-up" of SHTJTTLE MACHINE.S.

To understand the "take-up," get a sewing machine in
position, ready for use; then turn slowly and observe that as
the needle descends the "take-up" holds the thread tight,
until the eye is about to go through the cloth, and just as
the eye is directly at the surface of the cloth, the " take-up "
descends with the thread slack, and moves through the
material down the long groove side of the needle. The loop
forms and enlarges as the shuttle passes through, and the
" take-up " draws up the slack thread.

While the loop is forming, the check-lever or take-up is
held down until the point of the shuttle approaches the
needle. When the needle rises the " take-up " follows.

If the " take-up " gives a slack thread before the point of
the needle enters the goods, the stitch will be knotted and
zig-zag. If the action of the "take-up" is not studied by
beginners, it will be rather difficult for them to manage an old
American Davis, or Grover and Baker.

To adjust the Singer " take-up " properly, first pass a
thread through the eye of the needle, then place under the
needle, in proper position for sewing, a piece of cloth ; then
let the needle descend untU the thread in its eye is directly at
the upper surface of the cloth, and bring the rod in the needle-
bar flush with the upper surf ace of the check -lever. Having
learned the principle of the "take-up "on the Singer you will be
able to understand that of all other shuttle machines. .

CLEANING SEWING MACHINES.

Kerosene oil or benzine are probably the best things known for
the purpose of cleaning machines. When articles have become
pitted by rust, however, these can, of course, only be removed'
by mechanical means, such as scouring with fine powder or
flour of emery or emery-cloth.

POLISHING.

The best method is performed by the use of crocus on a buff

■i

Fbb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

wheel ; nothing can exceed the beauty imparted to steel by
this process. There is no excuse for the repairers who do not
get up a polishing machine. Polishing sticks are made by
sticking emery-cloth to various sizes and shapes of sticks. To
put emery on iron wheels, first give the wheel a good coating
of oil and white lead, and when this gets dry, apply a mixture
of glue and emery.

EMEBT STBING3 AND POINTED STICKS.

These]| are used for smoothing out needle-plates, thread-
guides, f&c. Melt some good glue, dip any desired length or
size of fishing cord in the glue, then lay it out on a board,
cover it with emery powder, let it lay for twenty-four hours,
then wipe off any loose emery. Pointed sticks go through the
same process. Somo hammer the emery into the wood ; it is
claimed that by this means it cuts better and lasts longer.

POLISHING AND DRILLING MACHINES.

Some repairers often wish for a polishing and drilling
machine. Something that could be made without going to
much expense. To make one at a small cost follow these
instructions and it will also do the work of a lathe.

Take an old Wheeler and Wilson No. 2, take out every
piece excepting the rotating hook, shaft and spindle, block the
bed-plate up about four inches, force on a six- inch wooden
polishing wheel on the sjaindle, as far as the bed of the machine
wUl admit, put on an inch washer, then make a chuck to
screw up against the washer, and cut off the remauiing spindle.
After that is done the rest will suggest itself.

funk's method of EE-PLATING BEASS SLIDES, AND OTHER
BEASS PORTIONS OF SEWING MACHINES.

The article to be plated is first rubbed with fine emery cloth,
then a second i-ubbing with muriate of zinc, so as to have it
clean of spots. Then heat the article to melting point of tin,
put on a small piece of block tin, and rub it around where you
want it plated, v>^th an oiled swab. The plating appears as
beautiful as if sUvered. It can be burnished just the same as
sQver.

The heating of the article can be done over an alcohol lamp
or a gas jet. A charcoal fire is the best.

SOLDERING.

Where gas is not used have on hand an alcohol lamp. In
using the lamp roll out the solder or beat in thin pieces, lay
them on the place to be mended, and hold the article over the
flame ; heat it sufficiently to melt the solder ; when it melts, it
will spread wherever the acid or rosin is applied. Fine solder
consists of ten parts of tin and one of lead. The flux used to
make the solder adhere and flow is made by putting all the
zinc in muriatic acid that it will cut.

AMERICAN PATENT OFFICE REPORT
FOR 1879.

The annual report of the Commissioner of Patents for the
year 1879 has just been issued. In glancing over the issued
patents for sewing machines and accessories, we find the
following, which does not include all.

Sewing and embroidering machines, 3 ; se\ving machines, 33 ;
button-hole sewing machines, 4 ; button-hole attachments for
sewing machines, 8 ; sewing machines darning attachments, 4 ;
sewing machines for double-ohain-stitoh, 1 ; sewing machines
embroidering attachments, 1 ; sewing machines feeding device,
4 ; sewing machines for embroidering, 2 ; sewing machine
motor, 2 ; sewing machine needles, 3 ; sewing machine needle-
bar, 21 ; sewing machine over-seaming attachment, 1 ; sewing-
machine plaiting attachment, 1 ; sewing machines quilting
attachment, 2 ; revolving shuttle sewing machine, 1 ; sewing
machine i-ufiing attachments, 2 ; sewing machine shuttles, 3 ;
sewing machine take-up device, 1 ; sewing machine treadles,
6 ; sewing machine trimming attachments, 6 ; wax-thread
sewing machine, 2 ; zigzag-stitch se^ving machine 1 ; tuck-
markers, 2 ; tuckers, 3. Also nine re-issues, and two trade
marks. In knitting machines and accessories, thirty-three
were granted. The number of patents issued m that year was
2,0771, of which 146 related to sewing machines and attach-
ments.

BICYCLING- IN AMERICA.

" In the New York Herald are the folio-wing few Knes : — ' A
party of English bicyclists propose to -visit the principal cities
of the United States on their machines. If they come, great
will be the rejoicing of the blacksmiths along the route. The
boys should inform themselves about our roads before they buy
their tickets.'

" Respecting the above I should like to say a few words.
America is not England, and whilst the bicyclist could travel hun-
dreds of miles at a time in England, Scotland, or Wales, he
could not travel ten miles straight on any road in America.
There is no such thing as a good road for any distance through-
out the United States.

" In New York city he might be able to ride the great dis-
tance of two Miles on a good road, that is, a road on which a
bicycle coulA travel, but the streets in American cities generally
are a disgrnse to civilisation ; and what can you expect of
country places ? If a tricycle or bicycle can be made to go
into deep ruts, and out again up steep hills, like the side of a
house, two feet deep in mud, then let the cyclist midertake the
joui-ney, not othersvise. Let the cyclist also remember that
our cities are hundreds of miles apart. As regards the
bicj'clist's personal comfort, let me strongly ad-vise him to
bring the following -with him, as he never can see them here :
Bread, butter, matches, and fusees. The stuff sold as bread is
of a spongy substance, and a man could easily eat a loaf of it
without kno-wing it. The butter is mostly made at Chicago of
tallow, or rather suet. There is only one kind of light sold,
and that is the match made out of a rough piece of wood, -with
brimstone at the end, exactly the same as used in England
twenty or thirty years ago, while fusees are unused here.

"After you leave New York comfort is imknown. The
bicyclist on his journey through the States -will hear as much,
if not more, German spoken than English ; so he had better
lay by a good stock of this language. During his journey he
will meet "with the greatest kindness from the inhabitants ; the
Americans are a most kind-hearted and thoughtfid people. He
will see the most magnificent scenery if he goes from New
York to the Wondrous city (Chicago), for instance. If he
wants to see beautiful cities, he must visit New York, Chicago,
Cincinnati, and Denver. He will then -view magnificent
mansions, but bad streets. If he goes SVest he must not be
afraid of being shot. This is a friendly way they have of
greeting each other as you go westwards. He must not be
struck at what he would consider cheek in England. -In
America all are equal, and the English bicyclist may often
come across a cow boy who is so well educated that he can
speak, read, and -write four or five different languages. — Yours
respectfully, " BlEMINGHAM TRAVELLER.

" 558, West 36th Street, New York, January 6."

ELECTRICITY AS POWER, LIGHT, AND HEAT.

Under the auspices of the Cleveland Institute of Engineers,
an address was delivered at Middlesbrough on Monday, the
24th ult., by Mr. James N. Shoolbred, B.A., M.I.C.E. The
illustrations used included a Siemens light, a Crompton lamp,
a Gramme machine, and a number of Swan's lamps, for which
the ciu-rent was supplied from a Gramme machine when not
working the Crompton lamp. The transmission of power was
illustrated by a saw-bench, driven by a Siemens machine,
which received its power from another Siemens machine. There
was also a small printing-press actuated in a similar way, the
primary power being supplied by a steam-engine, kindly lent
by the Middlesbrough Corporation. That part of the address
referring to the smelting of ore in the Siemens furnace was
keenly examined. It was pointed out that the operation of
smelling in that way was performed in about a quarter of the
time employed in other methods. One pound weight of
broken files was melted in thirteen minutes. It was shown
that as to the efficiency of the furnace its power was about
on a par with that of the regenerator gas furnace in
melting steel. For instance, to melt a ton of steel
a crucible required 2;^ to 3 tons of Durham coke ; the regene-
rator gas furnace required one ton of coal, and the open-
hearth furnace required 12cwt. of the saaie. This was a direct

THE SEWING MA.OHINE GAZETTE AND JOXTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb; 1, 188i.

appeal to the interests of iron-masters, or rather steel pro-
ducers, in Cleveland. Eeferring to Swan's (Newcastle) lamps,
the lecturer explained that they produced incandescent lights.
Other lamps worked with what was termed the voltaic arc,
which was the highest development of the electric light, incan-
descent light having a less intense effect. The difference
between the two was such that the latter produced an equiva-
lent of 150 candles per horse-power, and the former from 1,000
to 1,200 candles hght per horse-power. Treating of carbons,
the lecturer said there was an increasing number of makers,
greater homogeneity in product, and a lowering of price ; but
the chief probable improvement would be due to a combination
of different size and quality, tending to a reduction in
consumption and working expenses. General confidence
had been established in this system of public light-
ino-. Public companies would be set on foot for the
distribution of these lights, while the legal impediments
would be removed by application to Parliament from
different parts of the country, when the Government might be
expected to grant its permission. Local Corporations had no
inherent power for such a purpose, as they had in the case of
gas and water. The lecturer gave a scientific explanation of
the electric light, including the means used for the generation
and the utilisation of the magneto-electric current in the pro-
duction of light. There has been a growing recognition of the
fact that the magneto-electric current could be successfully
and economically used in some circumstances in i,he reproduc-
tion of motor-power by means of its introduction. One of
the most important points in the address as affecting the
Association of Engineers referred to the motor-power of
electricity. It was shown that electricity could be transmitted
in such a way as to utilise a sti-eam of water three or four
miles from a given centre of operation by a current of elec-
tricity ; also that in the case of a mine which was more or less
inaccessible, power could be transmitted by the same means to
the existing machinery. It was shown that at the Berlin
Exhibition last year three or four tram-cars were run, contain-
ing 15 to 20 passengers. Each was propelled at a rate of 15
to 20 miles an hour up an incline. At the termination of the
address there was an interesting discussion. — Mr. Harrison,
agent for Mr. Siemens at Newcastle, referred to the Siemens
lights used at Bolokow, Vaughan and Co.'s works, Eston.
He said there were twelve at work, which cost Gi. per light
per hour, including men's time, coal, oil, and waste. —
Mr. Head, ironmaster, described his experience of Swan's
light, as seen at Sir WilKam Armstrong's residence
at Eothbury, Northumberland. They had reason to be
proud of Mr. Swan, as a North countryman who had solved the
problem of using the light domestically, without waiting for
an American to do so. Sir W. Armstrong was the first person
who had actually applied the new Hght for domestic purposes.
Near his residence there was a stream running, which turned
a turbine which drove a dynamo-electric machine at his resi-
dence. There were 40 electric lamps, but only 37 of them were
used at a time. Each lamp was in power equal to 37 candles,
and could light all the lamps in two or three rooms, or throw
the power all into one room. In the large library, reading at
night by a single lamp was a simple matter, and the pictures
just looked as in the daytime. The light was perfectly steady
and harmless to the eyes. Mr. Head suggested the utilisation
of gas in gas engines as a motor for an electric
lighting power. It was certain that a great proportion
of the gas used ordinarily was wasted in the form of
heat not wanted. In this way such gas could be utilised.
In the case of the Swan light there was a great loss in the
burning by incandescent light from the subdivision of the
same, but it conferred a great boon on the country. Mr. Head
finally referred to the miner's lamp (Swan's) exhibited iii the
hall, which he said was calculated, from its complete immunity
from causing danger in a coal-mine, to revolutionise the coal
trade. Mr . Shoolbred, miner, afterwards exxjlained that it was
not free from danger, owing to the possibility of a fall of stone
breaking the lamp and coil, and so causing an explosion.

"John, what is that scar on your chin ?" That scar?
Oh, that's a relic of barbarism."

OPEN MEETING OE THE BICYCLE UNION.

The objection to this Union as professing to do its business
m a hole-and-corner way camiot now be raised, as the meetings
henceforth will be open, and all the world may know what is
mooted and what, decided at them. This is as it should be. The
meeting of the executive took place last week at the Manchester
Hotel, Aldersgate- street, when a moderate company of dele-
gates and visitors were present, the following clubs being
represented on the council : — Lombard, Cambridge University,
London, Canonhury, Sevenoaks, Eye, Surrey, I Zingari,
Belsize, Metropolitan, Druids, Pickwick, "Westminster, Arion,
and Highbury.

Mr. Scrutton (Cambridge University), took the chair, and
after the hon. sec, Mr. R. T. Cook, had read the minutes of the
previous meeting, the business of the evening proceeded as
follows : —

Mr. Beningfield moved the first resolution, which was : —
" That all subscriptions paid between the 1st January and the
30th April, in any year, shall constitute membership until the
30th April in the ensuing year, but that clubs so paying their
capitation shall make a retm-n of the number of their members
on the 30th April in the year in which subscription is paid, and
shall pay for any additional members according to Eule 3, sec.
S." 'This was seconded by Mr. Godlee, and ultimately carried.
The report of the executive to the council was ordered to be
taken as read, and on the proposal of Mr. Enghsh, seconded by
Mr. H. Turner, was adopted.

Then followed the introduction of the French amateur
question, in connection \vith which Mr. E. T. Cook proposed
" That the CounoU of the Bicycle Union camiot recognise as an
amateur bicychst any rider who has infringed their definition
of an amateur whether in the United Kingdom or elsewhere ; "
and "That in the event of any foreign bicycle association
admitting the Bicycle Union definition of an amateur, and
condoning their past offence in their country, the Bicycle Union
will be prepared to condone the offence." Mr. Cook intimated
that he had corresponded with several Frenchmen upon the
subject, which was one requii'uig a speedy settlement, but
apparently opinion differed widely upon the matter in different
parts of ^France. In the North of France cyclists were willing
to accede to the ruling of the Union, while in the south it
seemed to be the pi-evalent opinion that a gentleman rider
should be allowed to " melt his pots " and race for money to
the tune of his out-of-pocket expenses and still remain an
amateur. Mr. Beningfield, in seconding the resolution, pleaded
very hard in favour of those Frenchmen having " forgiveness"
allotted them who were ready and willing to beg for it. Mr.
Griffin attempted to draw a similarity between the proposed
action of the executive and those effected by the skating
and swimming associations in the past. Mr. "WiUiams
considered it would be derogatory in the eyes of the
athletic world to allow foreign amateurs to compete
agamst professionals. Mr. BlaokweU thought the example of
the Skating Association in condoning past offences should be
followed. The Chaii-man was afraid the Amateiu- Athletic
Association woidd hardly agree to this. Mr. Goodman washed
to know whether Frenchmen would not want to institute
similar amateur-professional contests to those sanctioned by
thp executive in England. Mr. Sargent considered that this
opened up a very wide point, and without a doubt they would
engage in these kinds of races. Mr. Trotter suggested that the
French would have a right to do so as long as no prizes were
given. The Chairman intimated that the necessary power for
holding this kind of contest in France would be given, but only
conditionally that it is not abused. The hon. sec, in replying
ui^on the whole question, remarked that Frenchmen held an
entirely wrong idea as to the meaning of the word amateur,
and they thought it was used as some sort of a social dis-
tinction, whereas; as a matter of fact, it was a simple line
di-awn to designate those who raced for profit from those who
raced without it. This he had explained in his last communi-
cation to the authorities, and he hoped if his resolution wer-e
passed that the whole thing would be amicably settled at the
Union Velocixiedique Francaise to be held on February 5. The
resolutions were carried, and a copy ordered to be sent to the
Amateur Athletic Association.

The following resolution was, after a lengthy discussion,

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

duly passed : — " That the following clause be added to the
definition of an amateur : ' Bicyclists are cautioned that pace-
making wUl be considered as included in the term competing,
clause f.' " The meeting was then called upon to consider the
proposition of Mr. J. W. Beningfield, "That in the opinion of
the council it would be for the benefit of bicyclists to have
rmifonn regiilations for bicycle riding throughout the country,
and that the executive be dii'ected to take such steps as they
may deem best to obtain this result." Mr. Beningfield, in in-
troducing this subject, explained that it was necessary for
bicyclists to go to Parliament for the purpose of obtaining
uniform bye-laws for the whole countiy. Great inconvenience
was experienced by the riders passing through eight or ten
counties, each having different road regulations. Every
bicycUst, he contended, was willing to carry both lamp and
bell, but there were certain little fidgety details which it was
necessary to have expunged before long toirring could be
engaged in with any amount of comfort. There was a
chance of the Lords making certain alterations in the
Highways Act, 1878, shortly, and then would be the
time to reqmsition them in favour of improvements in
the laws. Mr. English seconded the resolution. Mr. Goodon
thought the best means of achieving anything like good results
would be to try and gain the influence of the many members of
Parliament who preside over bicycle clubs, &c. Mr. Eoimd
hoped before the executive moved dii-eotly in the matter a
really model set of bye-laws would be dra'vvn up and submitted
to the whole body of bicyclists, not to have the thing settled
without the general opiirion and consent of riders being first
obtained. The resolution being put from the chair, was carried
unanimously. Mr. Trotter then resigned his position on the
executive, on account of not having the time to attend the
meetmgs. The resignation being accepted Tvith regret, Mr.
Sorutton was unanimously appointed to the vacancy. Mr.
Blackwell put a question as to whether the executive intended
to take any action with regard to the rise m railway charges. Mr.
Beningfield midertook to bring it before the committee at their
next sitting. A vote of thanks having been passed to the
chairman, the meeting terminated.

THE NINE HOURS' SYSTEM AND FOREIGN
COMPETITION.

A grievance often urged by manufacturers that the nresent
system of short hours makes it impossible for them to compete
with their foreign rivals, came once more up for discussion at
the last meeting of the Derby Chamber of Commerce. The
subject was introduced by Mr. Peters, who moved that the
representatives of the Derby Chamber be requested to support
the following resolution at tbe annual meeting of the Asso-
ciated Chambers :—" That in the opinion of this Association
the restrictions imposed by the Factory Act on the labour of
women, young persons, and cbildren operate with such serious
disadvantage on those manufactures in which such labour
forms an important element, that some of these latter have
become extinct, or nearly so, in this country ; and that the
necessity for such restrictions is, at least, diminished by the
compulsory enforcement of attendance at school. That a com-
mittee be appointed, consisting of manufacturers in every im-
portant branch of British industry, to inquire into and report
on the efi'ect produced by the reduction of the week's work to
fifty-four hours, and on the ability of British manufacturers
to compete with their rivals in countries where much longer
hours prevail." Mr. Peters said that his object in moving this
resolution was to strike at the root of the existing evil and to
open the eyes of the coimtry as to the true state of affairs.
Under the present system they could not be expected to com-
pete with foreign countries. Let them look at Bradford, where
trade was crippled to a serious extent, and compare that
state of things with the trade of France and Germany, in which
countries the hands were working full time and overtime. In
Germany they could afford to dye articles at a rate of J>5 per
cent. cheaperthaninEngland, and that trade must inevitably be
taken entirely out of this country if thtre were not some altera-
tion in the hours of labour. In Germany they worked seventy-
two hours a week, whilst in England they were only allowed
to employ their hands fifty-four. He did'not want the working

men to earn less wages, but he did say that nine hours a day
was far too short a time. He hoped the Derby Chamber
would support him, although he was afraid that in London it
would have no chance of passing. Alderman Longdon said he
seconded the resolution, adding that he could endorse all that
Mr. Peters had said m moving it. It was their duty to show
the working men that they were placing themselves in a false
position, for the trade would slip through their fingers, and go
into foreign countries. Hon. F. Strutt said he did not propose
to move an amendment, but still he thought they could hardly
extend the hours of labour. However, he thought it was a
right thing to call attention to the fact that they had not
free laboiu', for what with the Factory Act and what with the
Education Act, they had to be exceedingly careful, or else they
would infringe the law. Alderman Hobson said such an
alteration as they contemplated did not necessarily mean that
they were to keep to the same wages they now paid, and the
working men would therefore benefit in competition ■\\'ith
the present arrangement. The resolution was xdtimately
carried.

WHAT CONSTITUTES BEAUTY IN DRAWING ?

Beautiful drawing consists in exactly expressing the form
and the nature of the object to be drawn. If it is a leaf or a
flower, the diawing should be light and delicate. If a branch
or bough of a tree, it should be firm, and free, and springy ;
if of rocks, it will be decided, perhaps hard ; if of the human
form, it should be firm yet flexible ; if of drapery, it must
possess a freedom, a loose quality, according to the nature of
the material of which the drapery is composed ; if of the face
and expression, then the utmost delicacy and refinement is
necessary. So we see in the first place, how a good draughts-
man suits the handling of his pencil, or his brush (for paint-
ing is only drawing with a brush full of colour) to the nature
of the object he is drawing; and hence we perceive that beauti-
ful drawing is not a mechanical process, but a mental one.
Bad drawing is merely mechanical ; a bad draughtsman takes
no pains to distinguish the character of one thing from another ;
there is no expression in his work ; it is clumsy, without
thought, and of little value. In a recent lecture, Mr. G. A.
Storey, A.R.A., pointed out that in Nature's drawing there is
a meaning in every variation of her outlines — she seems to have
to think about it a good deal — if she is drawing a bough of a
tree, she makes it start away from the stem, with a bold curve
outwards, and generally upwards, expressive of the strength
that will be required to bear its burden of leaves and fruit, &c. ;
and then, perhaps, it has to fight its way through other boughs
and branches, and a sort of struggle for existence goes on,
and yet in very good fellowship ; the different boughs turn
aside, and aside again, to accommodate themselves to each
other in a polite way, as if they were saying, "After 3'ou, sir,"
and so, by many gentle curves and delicate turns, and a running
straight forward when they can get a chance, their whole
idea and intention being to get as much light, and air, and
moisture as possible. And thus Nature, from the very neces-
sity of the thing, from its very fitness or adaptability to its
purpose, founds her art of beautiful drawing.

Mr. Euskin tells us that " Graceful curvature is distin-
guished from ungracefid by two characters ; first, its modera-
tion— that is to say, its close approach to straightness in some
parts of its course — and secondly, by its never remaining equal
in degree at diti'erent parts of its course." He further tells us
— "that this variation is twofold in all good curves ; there is
first a steady change throughout the whole line from less to
more curvature or more to less, so that no part of the line is a
segment of a circle, or can be draWTi by compasses in any way
whatever." Thus one example is a bad curve, because part of
a circle, and is therefore monotonous throughout ; another
is a good curve, because it continually changes its
direction as it proceeds. Now, in this Greek vase, we have
an instance of how ingeniously man can adapt and mould
the great truths of Nature to the purposes of art, and hero we
have an epitome of good drawing. If we carefully study all
the most beautiful forms of Nature — or let us for the moment
call them the most pleasing — we shall find that their outlines,
though varied and distinct, have certain qualities which are

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIAJlfCES.

Ebb. 1, 1881.

universal ; there is an emphasis more or less great in all
beautiful curves, sometimes it is again but faintly eohoerl, but
these characteristics are invariable throughout Nature in all
her important works.

But Nature is not content with drawing one beautiful line,
she must draw another, also beautiful in itself, which shall, by
its contrast, show off the beauty of the other one, and herein
lies the great prevailing law of the Beautiful in art, that each
part of a work is designed so as to advantage the rest, and it
would be well if this could be carried out in life ; at all events,
this is the great doctrme of true art. The straight line and
the circle enter largely into the composition of beautiful
designs, although it is said that they are not bcriutifulin them-
selves, on account of their monotony. Bvit the straight line
steadies every composilion of other lines, and gives value to
beautiful curves, for it shows off their grace by contrast,
and the circle is an exact foil to straightness, and wheji
judiciously introduced, as in architecture, gives in its turn
great value to the straight lines and square forms of a
building. The fret patterns, which are favourite Greek orna-
ments, show us the beauty of straight lines. Straight lines
vary only in length, and this key pattern gives us that variety
in a beautifully-proportioned figme. It pleases us on account
of its unity and its variety (two of the great laws of the
Beautiful), and because it brings out the one quality of infinity
which straight lines possess, namel}', variation in length; and
note that the frets are not square, but oblong, and therefore
capable of a greater degree of variety; and this again is broken
at intervals by a squai'e and a different pattern, sometimes
containing a circle showing the value of contrast, which is
another of the great laws of composition ; and note that, being
on a round surface, each fret appears to decrease in length as
we follow it round the vase, which again increases its beauty
by gradation. If we study the celebrated Campanile at
Florence, by Giotto, we shall see how exquisitely beautiful a
design composed of straight lines may be made by an artist of
taste.

ELECTEIG LIGHTING.
A new electric lamp has been brought out in Paris. It
is a combmation of the Werdermann with a perforated
carbon filled by an insulating medium. It is said to
work well. — Arrangements have just been completed with
the British Electric Light Company for the experimental
lighting of certain important parts of the General Post
Office, St. Martin's-le-Grand. The first series of the experi-
ments will be conducted in the telegraph instrument galleries.
"The Search for the Carbons" may possibly be the title of
some future story of adventure. Eeference has already been
made in our columns to Mr. Edison's difficulties in endeavour-
ing to discover a sufficiently homogenous fibre for the incande-
scent carbon loops of his electric lamp, and to the statements
that the American inventor has despatched agents to Brazil,
Japan, and elsewhere, to search for plants capable of
yielding the required material. The Japan Mail

states that the agent for that part of the globe had already
made large collections in Japan, and was about to leave for

China and more southern regions on the same business.

The experiment of lighting the streets of Bristol has been pro-
nounced a success. Six temporary lights were erected — one
oijposite the Grand Hotel, one over the pump in Wine-street,
one at the top of Corn- street, one opposite the Commercial
Rooms, one in High-street, and one over the four lamps by
Bristol Bridge. The engine with which the wires are connected
is at the bottom of Broad-street. It is a gas engine of 12
horse-power, but only half its force wlU be required to feed
the six-light machine tried. The apparatus is what is known

as the " 5 B " Brush dynamo machine. An arrangement has

been made with the Brush Electric Light Company and the
Sewers Commissioners to lay down the requisite wires in Vine-
street, York-road, and along Stamford-street, near Waterloo-
station, London, for Hghtiug those streets.

A negro boy was driving a mule in Jamaica, when the
animal suddenly stopped and refused to budge. " Wc'n't go,
eh ? " said the boy. " Peel grand, do you ? I s'pose you forget
your fadder was a jackass."

EXTENSION OF THE FACTORY ACT.
The Secretary of State has extended the special prohibi-
tion contained in the factory act, to the eflfect that a child,
young person, or woman shall not be allowed to take a meal,
or to remain during the times allowed for meals, in the parts
of the factories or workshops to which the section applies to
the following among other places : — " Every part of a factory
or workshop in which wool or hair is sorted or dusted, or in
which rags are sorted, dusted, or ground. Every part of a
textile factory in which part gassing is carried on. Every part
of a printwork, bleachwork, or dyework in which part singeing
is carried on. Every part of a factory or workshop in which
jjart any of the following processes are carried on : — Grinding,
glazing, or polishing on a wheel ; brass-casting ; dipping
metals in aquafortis, or other acid solution, metal-bronzing,
majolica painting on earthenware, catgut cleansing and pre-
paring ; cutting, turning, polishing bones, ivory, pearl-shell,
snail-shell."

THE

ECK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR MILLIONS.

How to Purchase a House for
Two Guineas per Month,

With Immediate Possession and no Rent to pay. — Apply at
the Office of the Birkbeck Building Society, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Purchase a Plot of Land
for Five Shillings per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
])urposes. Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Fkeeiiold
Land Society, 29 & 30, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Invest your Money with
Safety,

Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Bank, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. Deposits received
at varying rates of interest for stated periods or repayable
on demand.

Current Accounts opened, and Interest allowed on the
minimum monthly balances. English and Foreign Stocks and
Shares purchased and sold, and Advances made thereon.

Office Hours from 10 to 4 ; except on Saturdays, when the
Bank closes at 2 o'clock. On Mondays the Bank is open until
9 o'clock in the Evening.

A Pamphlet with full particulars may he had on amplication.

Francis Bavenscroft, Manager

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. R

F E R

(Successor to L. De Fontainemoreau iSf Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £7; Belgian, £3-

German, ^eiO lOs. j United States, £17 lOs. Designs and Trad*

Marks Registered. Cirpular gratis on applicatiou.

Feb. 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 27

EXHIBITION

Domestic Labour-Saving Appliances

AND ALL ARTICLES INTENDED FOR THE PROMOTION OF

TO BE HELD AT THE

AGRICULTURAL HALL, LONDON,

March 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17,

18 81.

This Exhibition will comprise all Appliances for Economising Domestic Labour,
for the promotion of Domestic Thrift, and enhancing the hygienic comfort and pleasure
of the Household, including all the latest inventions and novelties for Lighting, Warming,
Ventilating, Cooking, Cleaning, Washing, Sewing, Gardening, and Recreation ; as for
example : —

Chandeliers, Lamps, Stoves, Grates, and Tubular Warming
Arrangements.

Water-closets, Sanitary Appliances, Disinfectants, Electric and
Pneumatic Bells, Venetian Blinds, Encaustic Tiles, Venti-
lators, &c.

Mincing and Sausage-making Machinery, Filters, Dairy
Utensils, Kitchen Ranges, Gas and Oil Cooking Stoves, &c.,
&c., Mineral and Vegetable Oils.

V/ashing, V/ringing, Mangling, Boot, and Knife Cleaning
Machinery, Emery Powders, Soap Extracts, Blackings,.
Furniture and other Polishes.

Toilet Requisites, Perfumery, Brushes, Soaps, Hair Washes, &c.

Se^A^ing, Knitting, and Kilting Machinery^ Cottons, Threads^
Silks, Needles, &c.

Furniture, Carpets, Kamptulicon, Cortieine, Oilcloths, &c.

Conservatory, Green House and Garden Appliances, Lawn
Mowers, Garden Seats, Garden Hose, &c.

Stable Fittings and Appliances, Harness, Horse Groomers,,
Clippers, Medicine, &c.

Musical Instruments, Pianofortes, Organs, Musical Boxes, &c.
Outdoor and Indoor Games — Cricket, Croquet, Lawn Tennis,,
Table Billiards, Puzzles, &c., &c.

Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, Perambulators, &e.

Applications for Space, Plans, and general information maybe obtained from the Secretary.
THOMAS BROOKS, Agricultural Hall, Islington, London, N.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, 1881.

MNICE. KEMSLE7

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OF NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as beiag the best Hand Look-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, never out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the

Si_i.hj.

loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running ''Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family, use.

// zs a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a liEe-
time. and NEVER gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OP WORICMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clarlc and, Co.),

Finsbury Circus, LONDON, E.G.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUPACTUREB OP

Du Royal Letters Patent. SXCxGLSl JKlAT£i11ALS

Of every description, Wholesale and for ExiDortation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OF WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OF ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLBY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never oiice during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
slightest of the rojigh Toads."

Price List Free on ajijilication to the above,

Aston New Towd, Birmingham.

Just Published. 12mo. cloth limp, 2/-, or cloth
boards, 2/6 (postage 2d).

SEWING MACHINERY,

BEING

A PRACTICAL MANUAL

OF THE

SEWING MACHINE,

Comprising its History and Details of its Construction, with Pull Tech-
nical Directions for the adjusting of Sewing Machines.

By J. W. TJRaUHABT.

CROSBY LOCKWOOD & Co., 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Ludgate Hill,
London, E.G.

AUCHER PIANOS (Paris.)

WESTERMAYER PIANOS (Berlin)

LIPP PIANOS (Stuttgart.)

RONISCH PIANOS (Dresden.)

Agents : E. ASCHERBERG & Co.,

Queen Street. Cheapside, London.

€^t Iming M^t^mt §^tik

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

p«a^N exhibition Tvill be held at the Agrioultm-al Hall during
^/t^ ten days iii the month of March, which ought to be
*^^ full of interest to the readers of this journal. It is to
be an Exhibition of Domestic Labour-saving Appliances and
of all articles intended for the promotion of Household Thrift,
and will include among other things Sewing, Knitting, and
Kilting Machinery, "Washing, Wringing, Boot and Knife-
cleaning Machinery, Musical Instruments, Bicycles, &c., &c.

^^OUND FLOOff p^^

OF THE

(g_

L O N D ON ,

arranged for the

EXHIBITION OFDOMESTICLABOURSifflNGAPPLIANCES,

March 7, 8,9,10,11,12, 14, I5,I6&I7,

1881^

THOMAS BRgOKS,

SeeretMry.

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Exhibitions similar in character to that now proposed have
been held in the provinces, especially in Birmingham and
Manchester. Of course they have been upon a comparatively
limited scale — but from the reports that reach us from all
quarters this forthcoming exhibition will be by far the most
extensive thing of the kind that has ever been seen — and all the
leading firms ui the trade will be represented. It will be very
interesting to note the great advances that have been made of
late years in the production of labour-saving appliances ; of
course the invention and introduction of the sewing machine
was in itself an important step in the right direc-
tion, but advances equally great have also been
made in other departments of household economy, as
for example, in the laundry, the daily, and the kitchen,
America has sent us over a goodly assortment of what are
kno'ivn as "Yankee notions" — such as apple parers, egg
beaters, lemon squeezers, &c., &c. — all of which have found a
ready sale, all tending to the economy of manual labour,
although there are many people who do not hesitate to say
that even our present improvements do not go far enough,
and that they would like to see a combined bed-making,
pudding-mixing, floor- scrubbing machine in a blue gown and
a mob cap that should take the place of the domestic
servant all day, and be put away in a corner cupboard
at night, but whether such an article is at all likely to be exhi-
bited this year remains to be seen. The most important aspect
of the exhibition to our readers is that it will help to educate
the pubhc in the use of domestic labour-saving machuiery.
We have no doubt that many ladies and gentlemen will see
there for the first time articles that they did not even know to
be in existence, and which they will purchase for use in their
own households, thus giving a considerable impetus to the
trade. The successful manufacture of washing, wringing, and
dairy machinery has been confined chiefly to the English
maker. The sightly, useful, and little nick-nacks that come
from America are aU very well in their way, but for strong,
useful laundi-y and kitchen machinery our home manufactm-ers
are unrivalled. Thrift seems to be the great social question of
the day. How to make a little money go a long way, and how
to get through the work of ihe household efficiently in the
shortest time, are questions which are seriously engaging the
public mind. Such an exhibition as that we have referred to
therefore comes very opportunely at the present moment, and
it has our best wishes for its success.

The New Tear appears to have opened very favourably for
business generally, and the sewing machine trade in particular
seems to be in a more flourishing condition than it has enjoyed
for some time past. Of course the days of high prices and
cash-down on the counter before the machine left the shop are
gone, never likely to come back again, but there is stiU a large
legitimate business to be done by those who have a good
article to sell, and who will attend to their own business and
not attempt to trade upon the reputation of other people. We
have many times urged the expediency of se\ving machine
dealers adding other articles of domestic utility to their busi-
ness, but what these articles should be must depend very largely
upon the locality ; in one place bicycles will do well, in others
wringing and washing machines would be more advisable, but
there are very few cases in which a sufficiently large trade can
be done in sewing machines alone to enable the retailer to
pick up a comfortable living. Our readers will do well to
visit the exhibition referred to above, where it is probable they
will find a large variety of articles suitable for introduction to
their individual trades.

TESTIMONIAL TO ME. GOMPEETZ.

A very pleasant meetmg was held at Anderton's Hotel,
Fleet-street, on the 30th December last, when a number of
gentlemen were present to express their esteem for and
sympathy with Mr. Walter Gompertz, of the Wheeler and
Wilson Manufacturing Company, who it may be remembered
was made the subject of an action for perjury, arising out of a
case heard last autumn at the Worship-street police-court
under which he was acquitted. The chair was taken by Thos.
Perry, Esq. , manager of the Eoyal SmaU Arms Factory, vrith
which Mr. Gompertz was connected for ten years previous to
his entering the service of the Wheeler and Wilson Manufac-
turing Company, fifteen year? ago. Richard Huntmg, Esq.,
general manager of the Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing
Company, made a very characteristic and sympathetic speech,
testifying in the highest terms to the estimation in which Mr.
Gompertz is held by the company. The chau-man presented
him, on behalf of the meeting, \vith a handsome purse, the
work of the daughter of one of the visitors present, containing
£50 in gold. It was also announced that an illuminated
addi'ess is in course of preparation and will be presented to him
in due course. We are very glad Mr. Gompertz's friends and
employers have testified in this pleasant way to Mr. Gompertz's
worth. All those who know him were perfectly aware there
was not the remotest foundation for the charge made against
him, and that he was utteily incapable of anything of the sort.
It was none the less a severe trial to him, and we hope the
pleasant little gathering will have led him to feel that what-
ever spiteful people may say, thos<! who know him best like him
just as well as ever.

Messrs. T. Wolstexceoft akd Co., the weU-known
washing machine manufacturers, have removed from Black-
friars-road to more commodious premises situate at 93, High
Holborn, London, W.C.

The firm which has traded as Thomas Rhodes, of 28,
Crown-street, Halifax, has been dissolved. The business of
sewing machine merchants will still be carried on as usual by
Abraham and James Ehodes (who will pay all debts owing by
the late firm) under the style of Thomas Rhodes as heretofore.

Bicycle manufacturers are again getting busy. Coventry
and Wolverhampton are in receipt of some good orders, and
other towns where bicycles are made will speedily follow suit.
The business of one of the well-known firms for which Wol-
verhampton has long been noted, has just been removed to
Coventry. The business of the late D. Rudge has been pur-
chased by the Tangent Co., and will in future be carried on at
Coventry by that firm.

FArLTTRES IN THE UNITED STATES. — "Dunn's Report of
Mercantile Failures " in the United States shows that there
were 4,735 failures with 65,752,000 dels, liabilities in 1880,
against 6,658 failures and 98,1-10,000 dols. liabilities in 1879.
The report gives warning that the rapidity of expansion now
noticeable is almost certain to result in disastrous specula-
tions, and it advocates the passage of a bankruptcy law by
Congress,

CiTi AND Guilds op London Institute.— The spring
term of the City Technical Science Classes commenced last
Monday, at the Cowper-street Schools, in rooms rented from
the Middle Class School Corporation, pending the erection of
the City and Guilds Technioal College, Finsbm-y.

A Technical School eok Peeston.— The trustees of the
late Mr. E. K. Davis, Preston, who bequeathed over £300,000
for establishment of public institutions in Preston, have deter-
mined to establish a science and art school with technieal
classes, which, it is estimated, will cost about £50,000. It is
also understood that the trustees will found a free public
library and museum.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1. 1881.

R. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

uness.

LIFE— By JAMES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
' Money,' and 'Morality.'

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp. Price One
Shilling'. Messrs. Simpldn, JIarslia!! & Co., St;vtioners'-hall Court,
London, E.G.; Messrs. W. H. Smith A Son's Kailway Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing
&'Co.'s Bookstalls; and at every Booksellers.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C,
will send a copy, post free, for Is,

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE — Introduction. Is Life Worth Living 7
T IFE— Life of the Futui-e, Cultui'e, Health.
T IFE — Eecreation, Common Sense, Thrift.
T IFE — Compulsory Thrift, Marriage, Happ:
T IFE — Religion, Future Life, Human Destiny,
T IFE — Concluding Remarks.

LIFE — Page 24 : — ** Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men what a glorious thing it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is — aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it. What a mockery ' Faith in God ' is when we reflect upon the melancholy
views the majority of orthodox people have of it, going through the journey as an
ordeal to be borne as patiently and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but thine be done.' "

LIFE — Page 34 : — " Life is real, life should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an aim, an object in life ; and to be happy, to
enjoy life, the object must be one worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's character so strong and true that they can be relied up ; men that wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE— Page 45:— "The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the * Great Unknown.' Life will be very
different once we get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
anything wrong but what lias been done by ourselves or others ; and that the wrong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it right.' "

LIFE — Page 102 : — ** Common sense denies that any
happy chance will do for a man what he is quite unable to do for liimself.
Our happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith that our wages will be
in proportion to our deserts.'. Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanlcs in a lottery, by chance and indiscriminately ; but there is a reason for every
success and failure. Indolence, chicanery, waste will cause the one ; while industry,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.' "

LIFE— Page 173 :— " The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Ci"cat',)c's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe that Gotl meant man to be born weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' "

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have Hfe. What shall we do
with it ? The woiid is like a vast manufactory, in which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Believe me you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxical as it may seem,
while He hides himself behind them. He also reveals himself through them. 'Hiere
is no better way of understanding the Creator ; the laws are emanations of the all-
beauteous mind ; they shadow forth the divinity that contrived them ; we find the
more we study them, greater evidence that there is a Living God, a Father caring for
and loving His children."

MORALITY — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One Shilling.

MOEALITY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-haii Court, London, E.G. 5 Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway
Bookstalls.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy post free fur One Shilling.

MOEALITY.— Page 202 :— " Make ..s feel we are under
the rule of ' One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringed with
impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to leara the wishes,
and be happy by reverently obeying Him."

jy/|ORALITY—Business— Money— Life.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, "n-iU send copy of .iny one of those works post free for 13.

V/T ONEY — 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, price One

MONEY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-
hall Court, London, B.C. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Book-
stalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls ; and at every Bookseller's.

MONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,,
W.C, will send a copy, post free, for Is.

lyr ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.
TV/r ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?
\/T ONEY— CuiToncy : Gold Money, Silver Money.
IWr ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange.
ONEY — Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Interest..

ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics.

M
M

"X/F ONEY — Lidividual Success, National Prosperity.

M
M

ONEY — Concluding Remarks.

ONEY. — Page 28: — *'It is only by understanding

our monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit.' Our com-
mercial system is based upon faith ; cheques, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to the'
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted through the Clearing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,' based upon
'credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction with banking, this institution
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous amonnt, without tlie^
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by bookkeeping or transfer of cheques, the-
debiting or crediting of A or B."

BUSINESS-
One Shilling

■208 pages, crown Bvo, cloth limp, price

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-ball Court, London, E.C. ; Messrs. "W. H. Smith & Son's Railway
Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls : and at every Bookseller's.

BUSINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,,
W.C, will send a copy, post I're, for is.

IDUSINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS— Business
Observation.

BUSINESS— Industry,
Punctuality.

Qualities, Health, Education,,
Perseverance, Arrangement,.

"DUSINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.
"DUSINESS-Truthfulness, Integrity.
■DUSINESS— Money, and what to do with it.

USINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Eeciprocity, Civil Service-
stores.

"D USINE S S — Co-operative Trading, Concluding Eemarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : — " Commerce is guided by laws
as inflexible as tliose of health or gravitation ; and the primary cause of"
failure in business may be traced as unerringly as tlie punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature."

BUSINESS.— Page 179— " From every pulpit and m
every school throughout the kingdom the justirication of double dealing and
trickery upon the plea that it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in any
vocation, should be denounced in the most unniistakeable language as a libel on
Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real cause— the maa'a
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or profession he follows."

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

COUNTY COURT DEBTORS.

Men of business wlio are compelled to sue their debtors in the
Coimty Coiu't have to suffer many inconveniences. The pro-
ceedings are still both cumbrous and costly, and there is thus
much delay and expense about what should be a very simple
and straightforward affair. Since the Act of 1875 things have
been better, for under that . statute judgment can be obtained
in default of notice of defence without going through the
needless form of proof, which is still necessary in other cases,
even where the debtor does not appear. But this judgment is
of little value to a creditor if the judge insists upon making an
order for payment of the debt by small instalments, which will
keep the matter hanging about for months, or even years. We
believe that judges have no power to make these oi'ders, and
would suggest to all plaintiffs who use the defaidt summons to
claim their legal right to issue execution forthwith upon the
judgment. This is the only way in which the money can be
obtained, for if a defendant has time to make arrangements he
will generally patch up a bill of sale to stop the bailiff, or file
his petition in liquidation. As to these bailiffs also, there is
much room for improvement. If, in an action in the High
Court, the sheriff be instructed to levy, he is bound to do so at
once, and is personally liable for any loss that may result from
his delay or negligence. In the County Court this is not so,
and the baUiffs practically do as they choose ; making a return
where they like, and, in general, being responsible to nobody ;
although by theii' conduct the creditor has failed to get his
money. This is a point that greatly needs looking to, and we
hope to see it considered in the Comity Court Bdl, of which
notice has already been given in the House of Commons, as a
judgment is of little or no value if it cannot both surely and
speedily be carried into execution.

Where debtors have no goods then the only other means open
to the creditor of trying to get his money is the taking out of
a summons for a committal. Now, we do not support the
principle of imprisonment for debt, and camiot help thinking
that it is in itself an evil, though very often, perhaps, a neces-
sary evil. It seems strange that the Scotch should have decided
to do ■\vithout it altogether, if it were really found to be
beneficial ; but when we have had some experience of the way
in which they manage, now that it is abolished, we shall be
better able to judge. It is true that no debtor can be sent to
gaol, either in the High Court, where the same law applies, or
in the Coimty Court, unless the judge is first satisfied that he
has, or has had since the judgment, the means of pajdng the
debt as ordered. This is often inaccurately spoken of as a con-
tempt of court, but it is not so. It may rather be ranked as a
punishment for the quasi-criminal offence of not pajdng debts
justly due when able. It proceeds upon the notion that the
debtor, although he had means, has wilfully or negligently
refused to discharge claims which a com-t of law has declared
to be legal and binding. But, as every one knows, this principle
is not very closely adhered to in the County Court, whatever
may be the case in the High Court of Justice. Now, are
debtors fairly placed upon the same level ? for, in the latter
tribunal, they can get free of everj^thing by going into bank-
ruptcy, while in the former they have no such chance of escape,
and must live on with all their old debts hanging round their
necks for ever.

It is but rarely that a man of business gives credit upon the
strength of imprisonment for debt. It may be done by certain
classes of the smaller traders, but it may also be doubted
whether such credit is not hurtful both to giver and receiver.
Few people would regret the abolishment of imprisonment for
debt, and still fewer would object to any rules which place its
administration on a sounder and firmer basis. Some rules of
this kind have just been issued, and their general tendency is
to compel County Court Judges to be more careful of using
the power which is legally placed in their hands. One of these
regulations will oblige plaintiffs to apply for a judgment sum-
mons soon after the defendant makes default, as if they wait
for over fovu' months it will be necessary for them to show their
debtor's means upon affidavit, before the summons will even
be issued. This has doubtless been done to stop creditors from
letting the instalments ordered mount up before they get their
debtors sent to prison. It is clear that, in this way, the
Judge's order as to instalments is to some extent evaded, and

he is called upon to commit for payment of a larger sum than
he had thought the debtor was really able to pay at one time.
There is another rule that should prove a great convenience to
both parties. It provides that where either the creditor or the
debtor resides out of the district in which the siunmons will be
heard they may send in an afiidavit to the Registrar of the
Court setting forth any facts which they desire shoidd be placed
before the Judge at the hearing. At present letters are often
written, especially by debtors, for this purpose ; but the new
plan is much better, for the affidavit would, of ooui-se, be the
same thing as sworn verbal evidence, while it will save parties
a long and tii-esome journey to the court.

Other rules relate to the formaKties which are to be observed
in the making an order of committal, and though too technical
for our consideration, they will serve to render the judges
more cautious in having proof of means before they send the
debtors summoned before them to various terms of imprisonment.
It has always seemed to us an important question whether
some power of arresting a man's salary or wages, at the suit of
the creditor, would not better serve the purpose than any
system of imprisonment. It should, of course, be surrounded
with every safeguard necessary, and should not be allowed to
go below a certain sum, so that enough woidd be left for the
reasonable sustenance of the debtor and his family. At present
it is a common thing to hear evidence given of a man's salary
or wages, and then to see him sent to gaol because he has not
paid his creditor out of what he so received. There is a curious
want of logic about such a proceeding, and it cex'tainly does
seem an odd way of getting money out of a man to begin by
preventing him from eaiTung any more. Would it not be
better to allow the County Coui't Judge to order his employer
to pay so much a week or a month to the plaintiff suing ? Of
course, this could, and would, often be evaded by the debtor
leaving his former sendee, but still, in many cases, it would be
found very efficacious ; at all events, it would get rid of the
present absurd result, that while the law is punishing a debtor
for not paying, he is kept in prison at the public expense, and
his wife and famUy come as paupers upon the parish, and
have to be mamtained at the cost of the ratepayers generally.

For many reasons it is probable that were there no such
thing as imprisonment for debt, a healthier tone in business
amongst those who now give credit, relying, though remotely,
upon its operation, would result. It can, indeed, hardly be
called successful, for the figures prove that about 90 per cent,
of the debtors sent to gaol stay there the full term for which
they were committed. This shows that one of two things
must have happened ; either the man could pay but would not,
in which case the committal was a failure ; or that he could
not pay, and his incarceration was therefore an injustice. But,
on the other hand, it must be admitted that the fear of im-
prisonment does often bring debtors to book, and that, accord-
ing to statistics, it is only a very small proportion of the total
number of judgment summonses issued that end in an order of
commitment. We are, of course, only concerned in consider-
ing the best way for creditors quickly and cheaply to get in
their debts. They must use the County Court, and if im-
prisonment be really needful it should be maintained, but
something better might, we beheve, be contrived, and
especially where there is a salary or wages that could be
paitially attached.

MR. MUNDELLA ON TECHNICAL EDUCATION.

During the past month the prizes and certificates gained by
the students at the annual examinations of the City of London
College, the Society of Arts, and the Government Department
of Science and Art, were distributed at the College in Leadeii-
hall-street by Mr. Mundella, M.P., the Lord Mayor being also
present. Having distributed the prizes, Mr. Mundella said he
knew something of the City of London, having had some asso-
ciation with it for more than forty years, and he knew the
kind of feeling of expectation and hope with which young men
came from the country to establish some commercial relations
with this great city. There was no city in the world that was
so cosmopolitan. They found in it young men of all nations,
and the business of all nations was transacted in it. When he
was in the United Sta,tes he remembered an American citizen

■THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, 1881.

claiming pre-eminence for tlie city of New York in that respect,
but his answer was that everyone seemed engaged in transacting
strictly American business, while in the City of London they trans-
acted the business of the world. The result was that thousands
of young men annually came to London, who were beset by
trials and temptations on every side, and the young men who
had passed before them that evening had done one thing, if
nothing else — they had been engaged in useful and intellectual
employment, which had kept them away from temptation.
Every man should arm himself to fight the battle of life with
the best weapons at his command. He was sorry to say that
in England we had not armed our young men with the best
weapons, and it was a noble conception on the part of the
founders of this College to have established a University, as it
were, for young men, who, while pursuing their daily avoca-
tions, might take up languages, literature, physical science,
and go on till they did what some of their predecessors had
done ; for the institution was now represented in the Church,
at the Bar, in the medical profession, in the higher walks of
commerce, and even in Parliament. He would remind the
students that they were not merely by these studies making
themselves, so to speak, better fitted for earning higher
salaries or for more important missions of trust in the
commercial world, but were also doing for their minds what
gymnastics did for their bodies. In a charming essay Sir John
Lubbock told how Gibbon said that the mere acquisition of a
taste for reading was of more value to him than all the
treasures of the Indies, and that the love of reading had made
Macaulay's life the happiest of lives. He found from the
report that tbe institution had outgrown the space at its
command, and that the council felt that with more space they
could engage upon the work on which they had aheady entered
and with considerable success — technical education. Address-
ing the Lord Mayor, the right hon. gentleman observed that
it was a matter of great rejoicing to him, having advocated
the increase and improvement of technical education in
England for the last sixteen years, that the Corporation of the
City of London had during the past few months made a step
in the right direction. They had voted £10,000 towards the
new technical guilds to be established at South Kensington,
and £2,000 a year for some years, and he saw that the great
City guilds, whose names were identified with our British
industries, and which had presided over their infancy, but had
long ceased to have any connection with them but their name,
had recently taken it in hand to imjarove the skill, industry,
and force of the British workman. He, however, thought it
was only right to say that the sum which had been raised,
£50,000 for building and £5,000 for sustenance, was altogether
inadequate, and if the City of London and the guilds of
Loudon were to do auythiug w^orthy of their name and posi-
tion, they must do fur more. The sum mentioned was not suffi-
cient for the sustenance of the laboratory. A.single institu-
tion in a German town had spent £GO,000 on the laboratory
added to it last year. He knew second and third rate towns
spread over the Continent of Europe which had spent in the
last four or five years double the sum which was supposed to
be sufficient to represent the great city of London. The Cor-
poration could do no better work than to afiiliate this imstitu-
tion to their new College. In England we had local and
natural advantages surpassing those of any other country in
the world — coal and iron lying side by side, our splendid
geographical position, a larger and cheaper capital than that
of any other nation, workmen bj tens and hundreds
of thousands who had been accustomed to manipu-
late every kind of material, and we also had our
ancient prestige as the best manufacturers in the
world ; but we had neglected two things — art training
and science teaching in connection with our industries.
He believed it was impossible to exaggerate the value of the
service which the late Prince Consort rendered to British
manufactures and commerce by his appreciation of the defects
which were made apparent to us by the Exhibition of 1851.
Comparing our past manufactures with the bea\itiful products
of art we now made, our progress since 1851 seemed perfectly
incredible, and he believed that our trade to-day must be many
millions a year benefited by the application of art to our
vai'ious industries. "We might also depend upon it that we had

paid a very heavy toll for our ignorance of foreign languages.
He desired to tell their civic visitors that now was the time for
them to be useful, that we had too long omitted applying
science to industry, and that our opponents and competitors
had found out our weak places. He sincerely trusted that
what he had said might be some stimulus to those who had it
in their power to help on this great work, and that they would
begin by helping this excellent institution.

LABOUE MARKET.

All outdoor trades have been suspended, owing to the
weather, and the operatives have suffered severely during the
last fortnight. Each artisan, however, out of work from no
cause of his own is assisted from the trade funds to the extent
of half the amount of his wages. The cloth market remains
quiet, and, if anything, prices are declining. At Oldham the
cotton manufacturers have conceded 5 per cent, to the spinners,
minders, and card-room hands, but they have refused an
advance to the twiners, as they assert that there is a loss in
this branch of the business. The twiners have in consequence
resolved to cease work until their claim is granted. The strike
of engineers on the Wear has terminated by Is. additional
being given to all who receive 32s. per week, and those under
are to be raised 2s.- per week. The shipyards are all full of
good orders, and there are scarcely any shipbuilders or boiler-
makers out of work. The North of England iron trade report
issued last week shows the average price of plates for the
quarter ending Dec. 31 to be £6 4s. 4d., as compared with
£6 8s. Id. for the September quarter ; this under the sliding
scale reduces the wages of puddlers 3d. per ton, and 2J per
cent, to all other mill hands till the end of April. This is a
severe disappointment to the ironworkers of the North, as they
were expecting an increase. The slate trade in North Wales
is rather disturbed, owing to the large employers insisting that
the quarrymen shall contract themselves out of the Employers'
Liability Act. This the men refuse, and matters are serious in
this branch of industr}'. Contrary to expectation, the dispute
with the Lancashire coal miners has not been settled. It is
assuming grave aspects, and alarming riots have taken place
at Wigan and other districts. Now that the coalowners have
withdrawn their resistance to the Employers' Liability Act,
the wages question is tbe cause in dispute, and the miners are
determined to have an advance of 10 per cent. The strike
and the severe weather have had the eiFect of making a
great demand on the coal trade in other districts, causing
prices to run up enormously. In South Yorkshire the
owners have, on these grounds, offered an advance of 2^
per cent., but the miners, by the advice of their council,
demand 10 per cent. It is much to be regretted that the
sliding scale cannot be adopted, as it would prevent the con-
stant disputes now occurring. With a good board of arbitra-
tion in each district coiisistiug of an equal number of masters
and men, presided over by an able umpire, amicable relations
would soon be restored, and the result woidd be beneficial alike
to employers and employed. A Parliamentary paper just
issued gives the number of trade unions registered under the
Friendly Societies Act at twenty-six, the number of members
being 207,503, and the yearly income £2-17,490. Only about
half the trade unions are registered under the Act, as many of
them are established for trade purposes only.

Our Bristol correspondent writes : — Trade in Bristol and the
West of England has not yet recovered from the extraordinary
disarrangement of nearly all its branches by the recent severe
weather, and but for the fact that many hundreds of men have
been employed both in town and country in clearing the high-
ways of the immense accumulations of snow, the distress
amongst the working classes would be more widespread than
it is at present. Although business itself is as dull as it was
this time last year, there is a more hopeful tone throughout all
the staple industries, with the exception of the building trade.
In many ca.ses, where the home consumption is almost nil,
improved exports are keeping the workmen very fairly
employed, and this is especially the case in the cabinet
manufactories, one of the largest firms in Bristol having this
week received heavy orders for the Cape, while the demand

Pbb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

from South Wales is steadily improving. In the leather trade
it has been the quietest January known for years.' Both tanners
and boot and shoe manufacturers are, however, anticipating a
more active time, now the weather has broken. Ironmongers are
doing little, and in. the timber trade there is a large accumulation
of stock. In South Wales, while the demand for coal has by
no means decreased, the scarcity, owing to the irregular out-
put, continues, and from many of the large coUeries it is still
very difficult to get coal down to the ports of shipment. In
the Forest of Dean also there has been another week of
irregular working, but it is hoped that the coming week will
once more see the pits in full activity.

In Leicestershire the resumption of outdoor labour has
greatly relieved the labour market. The staple industries,
however, ai'e exceedingly depressed, and the outlook is any-
tbing but hopeful. Clickers, pressmen, rivetters and finishers
in the shoe trade are very short of work, nearly all the factories
being closed half the week. Producing is also being curtailed
to a serious extent at all the large spinning factories.

The Midland hardware trades have again suffered severely
from frost and snow, many manufacturers standing still for
want of fuel, and in other cases the water supply has been
very inadequate and irregular. The retail trade has been
paralysed everywhere by the severe weathei', and travellers
have reaped little advantage from their journeys at present.
In the export department there is a little more life, on account
of the Australian Colonies, India, and South America. The
orders coming to hand are not large, but they are of a healthy
character, indicating increased consumption and diminishing
stocks. There is a marked improvement in the advices from
the River Plate, and the capture of Lima by the Chilians has
greatly benefited trade prospects on the Pacific seaboard.
Nails, both cut and wrought, continue in very languid request,
and prices all round are easy. Birmingham out-nailmakers
complain greatly of the keenness of the competition at Leeds
and Glasgow, where prices are unremunerative, but the fault
lies in over-production. The hand-wrought nail trade is in a
yet more depressed state, and the-eariungs of the operatives in
this branch, it is stated, do not avei-age more than 4s. or 5s.
weekly. Iron-founders are generally well engaged on heavy
constructive works, piers, bridges, girders, &c. The malleable
iron-foundry trade, which was very quiet daring the greater
part of last year, has lately taken a turn for the better, and
the prospects in this branch are considered favourable, more
especially for the makers of machine castings.

HOW TO DISCOUEAGE AGENTS.

The average sewing machine agent, as well as the canvasser,
has many deficiences to contend with at the hands of those
who employ him. In most cases these deficiencies could be
remedied if the manufacturers were not so short sighted in
allowing work to go out of their factories which is far from
perfect, and which redounds to their discredit. They are
" penny wise and pound foolish ideas," which some adhere to
in their endeavour to economise in production.

The latest instance of this delusive idea is the fact that some
of the sewing machine cabinet work which is being manufac-
tured and sent out is notoriously bad, not lasting long enough
to be shipped from the factory to the agent. Within a short
time we have seen new sewing machines, wood work — i.e., table
top — cracked six or eight inches ; and that, too, when received
by the agent. We have also seen tables that have been
plugged and nicely polished over, so as not to be noticed by
the unpractised eye ; besides others that have had the seams
filled and polished so that no one but an expert could detect
the fraud. After such machines are sold new cracks will
appear, as a matter of course, doing no good to a company who
will send out such work, and demoralising the agent and
canvasser. We cannot understand why any company of
standard reputation will allow such miserable tables to be sent
out — but such is the case. It would be much better if moi-e
attention was paid to this line of the sewing machine trade
than in denouncing agents for loss of trade.

Those agents who have received and are receiving this class

of work, complain bitterly of the injustice done them and their
customers ; and also from the fact that the company expect
them to keep well to the front in point of sales. As an agent
said : " It discourages the canvasser as well as myself." When
a machine is left on trial, or otherwise, a crack or seam loses
the sale of that machine, or of another. It causes the proposed
purchaser to look with distrust upon the entire machine— and
justly, too. If one part is notoriously poor, what guarantee
has the pvirchaser that the entire machine is not in keeping. ?
None at all. We know, for a fact, that sales have been lost
for no other reason than a cracked table ; and that, too, when
it was new — or supposed to be.

People will not believe that the mechanical parts are any
better made than the table-top, when they discover an imper-
fection there. liaise the standard of the wood work to that of
the machine, and it will be money in the company's pocket, as
well as in that of the agent. Sewiug-machiue agents cannot
perform impossibilities ; and it is impossible to do a thriving
business with cracked or plugged sewing-machine table-tops.
It is a penurious policy, and should be discontinued at once.
As it is, the agent is to blame in the eyes of the company,
when really the fault is in the manufacture of such miserable
class of wood work on the ground of economy. We hope to
see a change for the better in this line of the trade ; other^vise
the time will come when those who send out such imperfections
will stand in the back-groimd, and all on account of a parsi-
monious policy in expenditui-es.

THE SIGWALT FACTOET.

The factory of the Sigwalt Comjjany is situated at Ai-lington
Heights, a distance of twenty-two miles from Chicago, and has
always been admired as one of the best fitted up in the Western
States. It consists of a main building and a wing ; the former
being 37 by 100 feet, the latter 37 by 80. Both are very sub-
stantially biult, of brick, and are two stories in height. The
large floor room thus enclosed is filled with machinery of the
most improved descrixJtion, additions to which are constantly
being made by the company, whose enterprise wUl not allow
them to fall behind the times in having the latest and best
mechanical devices. The sewing machines called the " Sigwalt "
are turned out in large quantities and shipped all over the
country. Not only are sewing machines manufactru'ed ; another
and very extensive portion of the business is the manufactui-e
of seal presses, letter-presses, dating stamps, rubber stamps,
and engraver's supplies ; and also the stands for all kinds of
sevsdng machiaes. Adjoining the factory is a foundry, measm--
ing 65 by 85 feet. All of the buildings are lighted by gas
made on the premises by one of BeiTy Brothers' combination
machines. For facilities of shipment a side-track from the
Chicago and North Western E. E. rims within a few feet
of the main building, so that cars can be loaded and unloaded
at the very doors. Large and oommodious offices are attached
to the building, fitted with all necessary appliances for con-
ducting the large and varied business of the Sigwalt Sewing
Machine Company.

BEADING FOE MECHANICS.

There is no class in the community, says the Seiving Machine
News, to whom a taste for reading may be more valuable than
to our artisans. After a day of toil at the bench ©r lathe the
companionship of a good book is both restful and in-
spiring. ' He who will resort to it has ever at his command the
most elevating thoughts, a solace for his worries and fatigues,
and the best pi-eservative against mean and degrading associ-
ations. No man, who has once tasted the difference, could
possibly prefer the slang of the billiard hall, or the boozy dis-
cussions of the rum shop to the " thoughts that breathe and
words that burn " in the pages of Shakspeare and Scott, Irving
and Longfellow. But our suggestion is not limited to this
classic field, though it yields a i^recious harvest in dignity of
sentiment and purity of language. Well directed reading is
Hkewise the passport to every form of knowledge, and thereby
the most powerful means through which earnest and aspiring

fHE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENIl OP DOMESTIC APPLIAiS''CES.

Feb. 1, 1&81.

men can promote their own fortunes. At present, too, we
iiave periodicals devoted to every great industry, and science is
made familiar in countless volumes, so that a right royal road
is open to the mechanic who would advance in his own
specialty by utilising the methods and experience of others.

Here is, indeed, a secret worth remembering — that the
artisan can improve and simplify his pi-ocesses, have his
resources enlarged, and his inventive faculty sharpened, by
the silent intercourse at his own fireside with the best and
ablest members of his craft. Such a reader will midoubtedly
be more valuable to his employers than the self-complacent
workman who fancies he knows enough, and has nothing to
learn from books. The latter may perform sufficiently well
his accustomed tasks, but he will rarely step ahead into the
regions of invention, and in the higher elements of craftsman-
ship he will be out-distanced by the shopmate whom he con-
temns as a "book-worm." It behooves every mechanic,
therefore, to cultivate a taste for useful reading, and especially
those in the sewingmachinetrade, which is still so full of splendid
possibilities. The aptitude for downright study, or technical
researches, may not come all at once, but, except with very
shallow minds, the drift of the reading habit is from that which
is mere pastime to that which instructs, and finally to that
which is most practical and progressive.

And wherefore should not manufacturers encourage this
taste F It is unquestionably their interest — and some would say,
their duty — to promote the moral well-being and intelligence of
their workmen. A provision of good books for them woiild
measurably fufil this duty, but though we have heai'd of
libraries for employes in other branches of trade, in some large
commercial houses, and even on board ship for our stalwart
sailors, we have yet to learn of the first in a sewing machine
factory. We know it may be urged that manufacturing towns
generally have good public libraries of which our workmen
can avail themselves. But this is beside the issue where a free
and convenient library would be better appreciated, and the-
choice of books might subserve a special want. Surely some of
our wealthy companies can alFord to lead the way in this
admirable direction ?

It is pleasant to note in this connection that Messrs. Brown
and Sharpe, of Providence — than which no firm stands higher
for the production of beautiful mechanism — have a flourishing
library at their factory for the use of the employes. It now
contains many hundred volumes both in general literatuie and
technology, and so heartily have they been appreciated that
the number is increased from time to time without any solicita-
tion. The few simple rules under which it is managed, and
which might serve in any other factory, may prompt into like
beneficence some of the magnates of the sewing machine.
They read as follows : —

Sec. 1. Any person in the employ of the company is entitled
to the use of one volume for two weeks. At the expiration of
this time it may be renewed for one week.

Sec. 2. If at the expiration of two weeks the volume is not
returned, or renewed, or at the expiration of three weeks, it is
not returned, a fine will be imposed of two cents for each
day's detention.

Sec. 3. If any person shall lose or deface a volume he shall
be charged a sum equal to the value of the same.

Sec. 4. No person taking books from the library can be per-
mitted to loan them.

Sec. 5. Books in the possession of persons leaving the
employ of the comi^any, must be returned before se.ttlement is
made.

Sec. 6. The library will be under the charge of the time-
keeper, who will deliver books at the regular periods as indi-
,cated on the library bulletin.

It may be added that this library is open for the issue of
books every Friday afternoon at six o'clock — that is, when the
day's work is over. About one-third of the workmen avail
themselves of its advantages, the apprentices showing a pre-
ference for fiction, biography, and history. The artisans
engaged on special jobs often seek books applying directly to
the work in hand. That's just where it pays.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

The foPowing was clipped, here and there, from the Cleve-
land Leader, U.S.A. : — Four years ago last August, the White
Sewing Machine was introduced to the people of this country.
It has met with such favour that its sales now aggregate
100,000 machines per annum, the works having a capacity of
300 to 350 machines per day, and nearly 900 men are engaged
in the various stages of its manufacture. The works on
Canal-street have been enlarged by additions, from time to
time, until the building now occupies a frontage of 432 by 291
feet deep and five stories high. Within this vast building
everything is life and activity, almost bewildering to one un-
accustomed to such scenes. One room, at least 100x60 feet in
dimensions, is filled entirely with milling machines. Another
spacious department is devoted simply to drilling the holes in
the various portions of the "head" of the machine. Still
another, which contains over 25,000dols. worth of automatic
machinery — wonderful in its perfection and the perfection of
its results — is devoted to the manufacture of screws alone.
One large department is devoted to tool-making, where the
most skilfiil mechanics are employed in producing or keeping
in order the tools u.'sed in the hundreds of machines throughout
the establishment. In one department men exist in an atmos-
phere of red hue, and charged with a strong odour of ammonia.
It is the polishing-room, and long sprays of sparks leap from
a hundred swiftly revolving emery wheels, as the metal is
held firmly against them. The jjlating department is an in-
teresting but not particularly pleasant locality, as the abundant
supply of acid is not congenial to clothing ; the odour distuibs
the lungs, and the powerful Brush electric machine brings
our watches to a standstill or galvanises the works in a manner
interesting to the philosophical but annoying to the practical
mind.

The active men of the company are the same as at the
beginning, the officers being as follows : Thomas H. White,
Xjresident ; S. E. Henderson, secretary ; H. W. White,
treasurer ; other stockholders, R. C. White, Henry W. White,
D'Arcy Porter, superintendent; G. W. Baker, mechanical
expert. All interested in the company are active participants
in the business ; and what is more important, and at the same
time somewhat remarkable, they are all experienced sewing
machine men — some having served the cause over twenty
years. To that end they never allow an improvement of value
to escape. They adopt whatever can make it better, and have
a corps of skilful mechanics and originative geniuses con-
stantly employed at the works, in an apartment by themselves,
making improvements and devising new things.

The business of this company has extended to all parts of the
earth, Australia, South America, and Mexico being constant
customers. An office was recently opened at No. 21, Queen
Victoria-street, London, for the accomodation of the European
trade, although direct shipments will be continued.

AGREEMENT FOEMS

ed. per Doz., 3/6 per 100,

FOR THE
FOB

SEWING MACHINES,'W ASHING MACHINES
BICYCLES, PIANOS, FURNITURE, &c.,

May always be had at the Office of the

"Sewing Machine Gazette,"
11, AVE MARIA LANE, LONDON, E.G.

^s^^^^i^iSsSSSm

i?EB. 1,1881. THE SEWING MA.CH1NE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEEY PART SUPPLIED IN VAEIOUS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

Kone hut the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROJ^, BEST BEST GUK, Sfc, S^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,
61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, B.C.

Works i—Saltley Mill, Birmingham. ^

DEALERS ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOR WHOLESALE TERMS

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Fee, i, 1881.

liffii iiiiiiifiiia

ISL

o
o

H
O

i2l

Q
O

H
O

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLISHED 1152.

MAGIG STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECTJBED BY
EOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear oE linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only requii'e to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once.

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards; no tnrning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap need. See opinion of JESSE OVERTON, Springiield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of July, page 68 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead." .
COLOUR OF WASHINa DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUMDRY

SHER COSVIPANY.

214, Lichfield Eoad, Aston, Birmingham.

Feb. 1, 1881.

THE SEWma MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLMES, PEARSON, MURTON & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.
SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of ever» wife.
Price, i.0 10s. Rollers 32 inches, with Brass Caps.

"THE COVENTRY TRIUMPH '^ BICYCLES & TRICYCLES.

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India .Bsibter Tyred Bath Oliair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and Ihleyola
M!i,"iiufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Listg on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ** EXPRESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

"W 11 O L E S j^ H. E J^ITHD ^ O E. E 2^ -p O K. T 7^ T I O IT.

LISTER & CO

MANNINGHAM MILLS, BRADFORD,

MANUFACTURERS OF " '

MACHINE SILKS AND TWISTS

BUTTON-HOLE SILK TWISTS

KNITTING AND EMBROIDERY SILKS, FILOSELLE, &c.

Recommended /or Strength, Evenness and Pure Dye. Length indicated on each label guaf anteed.
OKTE TRI.A.I. -WriLL FItO-VE THEIH, SXTFER,IOE,IT-^-
L. & Co.'s Knitting Silka Wash as Well as any produced,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Feb. 1, 1881.

CHAELES J. THURLOW,

° w

U
t-i

<
H

03
^ pi

£ CO
o CD

I 5

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAKCHESTEB

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

The

Lightest

and most

rigid ill the

Market.

The only macliiue made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R, Racer is the lie-htest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

SB, BXi-A-CE^nyc-A-isr st. Lon^nDOisr.

INDIARUBBER BICYCLE and OAREIAGE TYRES of every dcscriptiou kept
in stock, and supplied by return. Indiarubber Air Saddles, 7s. 6d.. post free
All kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the roucfh or finish, llustrated Price
List, 1 Stamp. Smith & Co., Indinrubber Manufacturers, 87. Blackman-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium Machine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANTJFACTUEEKS OF THE

^iGTOi?.i.A. :M:.A.Gia:ii<rEi,

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

The only Preparation in the World that will Clean and Polish Sewing

Machines, Bicycles, Pianos, Fnr-
niture. Silver and Plated Wares,
Fenders and Fire Irons, Brasses,
Mirrors, and Patent Leather Boots.

Universally Celebrated aLTMAN & Co., Limited,

Hamsell St., E.C.

Entirely free from Mercury, Oil,

or Acids.

Price Is. Try it. Special terms to

Merchants and Exporters.

A LARGE STOCK OF
From 18/6 per dozen pairs.

LOUISE

HOUSEHOLD

MAGIC POLISH

a. E. WRIG-HT,

WHOLES.tLE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF E\'EHY DESCKIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa " Lock-

stitch Seivinrj Machines, and Royal

Bink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.C.

WANTED, a few Copies of the February
Number of the " Sewing Machine Gazette "
for i88o. One Shilling per Copy will be
given. — T. B., care of the Editor, " Sewing
Machine Gazette," !i, Ave Maria Lane,
E.C.

Feb. X, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED.

PARIS, 1878.

London, 1851,
For High Merit.

GOLD MEDAL.

London, 1862,
For General Great Excellence.

Vienna, 1878,
For Progress-

Philadelphia, 1876,
For Superior Excellence.

Linen
Tliread

MANUFACTURERS

Shrewsbury,
England.

Iiinen Sewing'-Machine Threads. Shoe Threads.

Sole- Sewing" Machine Threads, For Bkke, Keats, Pearson & other Machines
Wax Machine Threads, of Best Quality and Special New Quality.

Saddlers' Threads. Harness Threads.

Also, Hand Sewing Threads, {""■ ^tlgTSpfSi^g,^! ''"''•

Six-Cord Machine Twist, used in substitution for Silk.

Gilling Twines. Macrame and other Lace Threads.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

FuB. 1, 1881.

THE PATENT

">EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

AEE

mSTIYBRSALLT

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PROOF,

DURABLE,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLiaHT

LUBRICATION".

ELETIT ON,

FEONT VTEW-

BACK WHEEL BEABINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews,

ELEVATION.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATETJE CHAMPIONSHIP RACES on a Bicycle fitted with " JEolus " Bearings,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five MUes.

In the SIX DAYS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and som« oii
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILLIAM BOAVN.

308, SUMMER LANE, BIEMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Requisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B, — Considerable reduction in price of the " ^olus " Bearings this Season.

Printed for the Proprietors, and Published by th'='m at 11, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of Londou

<X.)^:;

Vol. IX. No. 124

Price, witli Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of aU kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medsls were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHIHE SEWING OF ALL DE8CR1PTI0HS,

„. , SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS. &c

DTOBAB AND CO.'S THREADS ABB THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

RAWORTH'S

COTTONS are REMARKABLE

FOR tAu LAND r

USE RAWORTH'S

FREEDOM

IN SEWING

COTTONS

SPECIALLY ADAPTED for SEWING MACHINES.

EQUALLY SUITABLE FOR HAND SEWING.

Sold Retail by Machine Dealers. Drapers, Haberdashers, &c.

Specially appointed Sole Manufacturer to the Queen.

THE SEWIKG MACHHSTE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Maech 1, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

New Inventions in Sewing and Domestic Machinery .... 19 and 20

Trades in Cycles and Sewing Machines 21

Electric Lighting for Domestic Purposes 21

Circulating Pipes or Gas Heaters 22

Exhibition List of Exhibitors 22 and 33

Curious Industries in New York 23

Leaders 26 and 27

The World in a Hurry 3°

Patents 3'

WiU All Succeed ? 3^

Early Patents Relatingto Needles 33

Death of Mr. Myron Perry 34

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Devey, Joseph & Co 3^

Harrington & Co 3^

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper , 9

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Surrey Machinists Co 36

Warman, Laxon & Co 38

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co '. 13

Bown, W 10

Devey, Joseph & Co 3^

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Warsvick, Thomas , 26

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

"Warwick, Thomas 26

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 11

Howe Machine Co., Limited 17

Button Hole Machines:

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Company 10

Gas Engine Makers .•

Andrew, J. E. H. 37

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Hohoyd, J 15

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Publications :

Piatt on Life 29

Urquhart on the Sewing Machine 26

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Evans, Walter & Co 14

Raworth, John T I

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 13

Bown, W 9

Daville, R. S. & Co 37

Manasse, Max 38

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Co 10

Gritzner & Co 6

Hohoyd, J 41

Howe Machine Company, Limited .•,,.... 16

Junker & Ruh 13

Mothersill, R 7

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 7

Rennick, Kerasley & Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company 4, 5

Thurlow, Charles 36

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Watson & Co 36

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 8

Wliite Sewing Machine Company : 3

Wright & Go 7

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Ariston Oil Company 9

Bishop's Cluster Company 13

Daville & Co 5

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 14

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Evans, Walter, & Co 16

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co. .'. 10

Marshall & Co 11

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 12

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Holmes, Pearson, Midgley, & Co 15

Twelvetrees, Harper 37

Theobald, E 38

Whitley & Co 37

Taylor & Wilson 14

Taylor, F. D 36

l-H

l!!.d:oC3-IXjIj'S

Secured by Boyal Letters Patent, No. 756, 2oth Feb., 1879.

PRESS.

For Binding- Papers, Pamphlets, &c., sampling- Woollens, Cottons, Silks, &c., and for suspending:
ShowCaids, &c., McGill's Patent Staple Fasteners and Staple Suspending' Rings will be found un-
surpassed in adaptability, and the only articles for the purposes intended that can be applied auto-
matically. McGill's Patent Single-Stroke Staple Press automatically inserts these Fasteners and
Hings. A single stroke of the operator's hand upon the Plunger of the Press will instantaneously
insert and clinch the Staple or King, in the articles to be bound or suspended.

Also HcGill's Patent American Paper Fasiteners, Binders, Suspending: _
Rings and Braces, Picture Hangers, &c., cheaper and superior to any staple Suspend-
other make. ing Eing,
" es. per 1000

EUROPEAN AGENTS—

A-y ,-^1 F. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, EC
,^#«" ^

wholesale only. discount to exporters.
Illustrated Catalogue and Price List on Application.

staple Fastener.
SB. per lOOO*

March 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for

all work.

12 various lrrTTT?TT)l

styles. |lllLliv|

Every machine

Warranted for

5 years. Legal

guarantee.

ATTRIBUTES,

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING- AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for^3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine— or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. March 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Mamifacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold In the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.
TEE GREAT SJ.LE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attributaUe

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch,

AND rOE THEIE

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

from

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

from

^4 Os.,

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be >A^ithout one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Se-wing. So simple, a

child can work them.

MANTJFACTTJRERS should see the
Manufacturing Machines !

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
"Workshop !

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Burope-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

3S3 Branch Oflaces in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway^ S.E.

149, SoTitlawark Park Road, S.E.

278, Clapliam Koad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eoad,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kinggton, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North End, Croydon, S.E.

MAlics 1, l88i. tHE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SINSER MANUFAGTURI

(Formerly I, M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES

Chief Counting House in Europe :

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES :

147, Cheapside, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S. W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 2G9, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
I, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street; Barking Road, Canning Town, E, ■ 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES :

ENGLAND.

A-CCrington, 9, Peel-street
Mdershot, Victoria^road
fcifreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Ayleebury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church- street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow -in -Fumesa, II, Dalteith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Big:gleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
BirkenJicad, 164, Qrange-Iane
Birrainpham, 93, New- street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd,
Bishop Stortford, "Wind Hill
Blackburn, .54a, Church -street
Blyth, "Woodbine-tcr., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport- street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' Instit.
Uraintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Urmtwood, 3, Crown-street
Hri:;htoTi, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Iliistol, i8 & 19, High-street
Uromlcy (Kmt), 18, High-street
Burnley, HO, St. James' -street
Purton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Kury-St.-Edmunds,7&,St.John-st.
Camhridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lnme-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham. 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Ch^atenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 6R, Foregate-street
Chosterfi'.'ld, 1. Corporation-bldgB.
Chichester, 54, East^street
niiorley, 50, Clifford-street
Olcckheaton. 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 1^9, Wellgate
Conlvillc, Station-street.
CMlchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne iLancayhire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry,', 12, Fleet-street (op

Bablate Church)
Crewe, S?, Nantwich-road
Darlington, 10, Prebend-row
bartlordi 18, High-Btreut

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36, Park-street
Derby, 22, "Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (lale of Man), 6, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dover court, Harwich -road
Dudley, 217, "Wolverhampton- st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
Kccles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, "Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, "Wharf -road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema4.-*tre^t
Guernsey, 17, Smith-street
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 63, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, "Westmoreland-st.!
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heckmondwlke, 2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station- street
Hereford, 57, Commercial -street
Hertford, Forden House, Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter -market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, "Wildman-street
Kiddepminster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Pcnny-stroet)
Leamington, 38. "Windsor-street
Leeis, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Eussoll-street
Leicester. 44, Granby-street
L^wes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (Staffs.). 12 Market-ter.
Loughborough, 44, Market-place
Lowestoft, 123, Hicrb -street |

Luton, 32. Park- sLnx-t -» '

Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street i

M»id»toBf , 8, King-8t»--'^ I

Maldon, High-street , |

1105, Ma' ket- street;
132, Cheetham-hill'
438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshirc-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Cbapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-'Pyne, 16, Qrainger-

street, "W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge^
street I

Newport (Ttlon.), 28, High-street
Newport (I of Wight), 91,Pyle-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, "Witton-strect
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, WTieelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlcgate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-iiiTeet (op-
posite Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, "West Giff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
E.ipley, Market-place
Lipon, 1, Blossomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherhain, 109, Main-strertt
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, High-street
Ryde (Isle of Wight\ 78, Union-st.
Saffron Wahlen, Church-street
Salisbury, 56, Fisherton- street
Salford, 4, Cross-iane. and 100,

Regent-road
Scarborongh, 30, HunnisB-rov

Scotholme, Basford-road

Sheffield, 37, Parnate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, TJnion-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, U, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 61, Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, W^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote. Station "treet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth. 54. Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-street
TiTiro, 13, Victoria-p/ace
Tunbridge "Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
"Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
"Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
"Warrington, 44, Horsemarkct-st.
"Watford,"^ Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, "Union-street
"Wellington, Chxu'ch -street
West Bromwich, 5. New-street
"Whitehaven. 70, King-street
"Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
"Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
"Wirksworth, North-end
"Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
"Wolverhampton, Queen-street
"Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
"Wrexham, 7, Charles-street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Abcrj'stwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen-sti'ewt
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-sti*eet
Newtown, Market-hall
Pontypool, Market-hall ^
Pontypridd, Market- hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford -street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Ayr, 60, High-street
Baiiff, 17, Strait-path
Cui»ar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nothergate
D'jnfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street ^
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, TJnion-street
Greenock, 8, "West Blackhall-st.
Hamillon, 32, Cadzow-sti'eet
Hawick, 3, Towcr-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock. 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 09, High-=*rcet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-sti'eet
Paisley, 101, High-street-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-street
Athlone, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. George'e-streeffi
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 15, High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domnick-street
Kih-ush, Moore-street
Kingstown, 65^ Lower Groorge-at
Linioriuk, 31, Patrick -street
LondondeiTy, 1, Carlisle-road
Mulliiigar, Greialle-street
Navan, Ti'imgate-streot
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Queenstown, Haibour-row
Sligo, 45, Knox-street
Tralee. 40, Bridge-street
"Waterford, 124, Quay
"Wexford, Selskar-ctareot

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Masch i, 1881.

6RITZNER

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets

u
o

•— <
a,

CD
!^

C
nS

• 1-1

Fig. A.
OPEN

Chair
Withdrawn.

O fu

^ s

!:;• &

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a- o

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P" s

Ct trj
cn "^

how
ined

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LOCKED

Chair and

Sewing Ma-

chine within.

TO SE'winsro ia^ohziitei r)B.A.rjEE,s.

LATEST NOVELTY.

Grr PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.
_ - Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above thosQ

''OMBlHATlOfl

GUBINET

Furnished

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Exhibitions,

Novel I
Cheap!
Solid !
Elegant I

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International
EXHIBITION

1879.

for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother-of-
pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by special
'~~~~"~~-^.._ artists. All machines with loose wheel
'^ rrlln I'M MID iljn !"""-*——.-_ and self-aotlng winder.

^GHm

Bl^flSlON

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

Maech 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The " COMMERCIAL HOWE " Hand Machine

The ditto ditto Treadle

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly caUed
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The "COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE S"

The ditto Hand ditto

NETT CASH,

RETAIL.

by the Half Doz.
WHOLESALE.

£4 14

£2 0 0

4 4

1 15 0

5 5

2 10 0

2 2

0 17 0

610

3 0 0

5 5

2 15 0

4 4

2 0 0

Mangles and "Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES
35 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside,

WRIGHT & CO.,

SewingMaohine Merchants J Manufacturers ,

27, SHOREDITCH, LONDON. E;

ALSO AT 457 AND 502 KIN6SLAND ROAD, LONDON, N.

The TRADE and SHIPPERS supplied with every description of Sewing Machines
upon the most liberal terms.

Hand Machines, from 18s.

Treadle Machines with aU the most recent

Improvements.

LOCKSTITCH, ANT SYSTEM, WAERA.NTED FEOM 60s.
Agents wanted throughout Great Britain and tlie Coloniei.

Catalogues and Terms upon Application,

THE ARISTOT^ OIL COMPANY,

15, KIRBY STREET, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, E.G.
MAKERS OF SPECIAL SEWING MACHINE AND BICYCLE OILS.

Wholesale and for Export.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mabch 1, 188i.

THE

ONLY
'' eRAND
PRIZE"

FOE

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE

PARIS
EXHIBITION, 1878.

ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH TREADLE

SEWING mACHINES

From £5 10s. Hand Machines from =£4 4s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the "GEAND PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — ^ Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work from the finest to the thickest

in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work . . , , „ £8 lOs.

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work ,, £V0,

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, &c , . , £8 lOs,

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & 2 Prices, £6 lOs., £7 10«-

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

If *he best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or fcr travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, complete, £6 gg,

INSTRUCTION GEATIS TO ALL (whether purchasers or not) at any of our offlcps, a

good operators recoramended to employers.

Machine ON HIRE with OPTION OF PURCHASE from 2/6 per Week, or from 10/- per Month.

"EVERY Machine made by wheeler and wilson has their trade mark affixed

Illv^trated Catalogues and other Particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY

London, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, B.C.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

„ J 4i), Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 73, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stevenson Place,
Brighton, 163, North Street.

Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.
Manchester, 131, Market Street.

Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
Tork, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Stre»t.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Streeti

Maech 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HILLMAN, HERBERT, & COOPER

Works :— O O V E N T R Y.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OF THE

Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

BlUHAH tIERBERT &.COOPEB
MAKERS.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

■5 " a ^-. 10 u

■to

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

On the " D.H.F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. :— 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

TESTiDvnoisrij^XjS.

Please send another large size "Cooper's Patent" Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. Tatteesfieid.
Dear Sirs Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Tours truly, H. Eevell Eetnolds, jun.. Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Eetnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

All Communications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Matich 1, 1881.

THE PATENT

"/EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

AEE

UNIVEESALLT

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PBOOF,

DUEABLE,

AND

EEQUIRB

BUT SLiaHT

LUBEIOATIOIT.

ElETATtON.

,•> BEOTION.

PEONT VIEW.

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews,

ELEVATION.

BEOnON.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr, H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 26 and 50 MILES AMATEUE CHAMPIONSHIP EAOES on a Bicycle fitted with " ^olus " Bearings,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five Miles.

In the SIX DATS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and som« odd
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILL^IAM BOAVN,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUREE OF

Bestf^Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Eequisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B,— Considerable reduction in price of the " ^olus" Bearings this Season.

MiBCH 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMEbTIC APPLIANCES. 11

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded al the
Paris Exposilion was for Ihe Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

A aEEAT VAEIETT OF MACHIMEI

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTJNG,

RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self -Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machiiiery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Baw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WORSHIP S^TREET, LONDON, E.C.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. March 1, 1881.

^ ESTABLISHED 1836.

STUBBS' MERGAHTTILE OFFIOES

TEADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GEESHAM ST., LOI^DON, E.O

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

For IRELAND.

BIRMINGHAM-JK), Exchange Buildings.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South Mall.

OFFICES :

For SCOTLAND.

CHIEF

(■DUBLIN— 21, College Green.
\ BELFAST— 55, Victoria Stre,-»i.

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCESTBRr-6, College Court.
LEEDS- 1, East Parade.
LIVkRPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, BroTV-n Street.
NEWCASTLE- 32, Grainger Street West.

With Agents and Correspondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United Status of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London.

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
(EDINBURGH— 4, Cockburn Street.

NORWICH— Post Office Sti'eet.
PORTSMOUTH -86, High Street.
SHEFFIELD- 85, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street.

BELFAST- The Noethern Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Peovincial Bank op England.
DUBLIN— The National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The NATIONAL BANK OP Scotland.
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bank op Liveepool.
MANCHESTER- Manchester and Salford Bank.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agencisa, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants.
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commerciiil transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

T£:e,i^s of stjescriftiokt

(Except for Social Service and Financial Departments, in which the Bates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

eircumstances.) One, Two, Thbee, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.

PROSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PAETICULAKS ON APPLICATION.

O J^ TJ T I
There h no Office in London connected with Stubbs

Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of
King St., opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

■■ill

Maech 1, 18SI. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

TEADE

MARK

ANNUAL PRODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

TRADE

MA1:K

ORieiMAL RHFNANIA,

UraiVAI.LED SPLENDID

HAND

SIDWING
MACHINE.

ORiGliiAL FIDELITAS,
Best Family ^_

SLWING "^
rflACHINE.

PROPER IRION FOUNDRY.

riEST PBIZES AT DIFFERENT EXHIBITIONS.

GROVER AND
BAKER'S

Sewing
Machine

FOR TRADE.

ORIGINAL BAD'r^lA,
HEAVY STRONG

SEWING
MACHINES

rOK THAI E.

TliADIO

MAr.K

JUNKER & RUH, _

Sewing Machine Manufactory, *

CAIiLSEUHE (Germany).

MAKK

THE LARGEST

iwi;

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

Machine "Belt"
Manufacturers.

Warehouse.

Oil
Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, B.C.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, j^c,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

Price Lists Free. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMmGHAM.

THE SfiWlNG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Maech 1, 1881.

•

O g O fe

H g H o

H ^ H H

O tn O H

O g O o

^ "^ W H

•-^ p W PM

W 03 O <1

O S O P5

m ' o

neoiL FOR MEHQ

w ^ 1^ >

"^ ^ ^

Kj o Q Q

"Si MiiiPiefi

11,

O H

H O

o •

!2|

o bj o

O o

H °
O

SIX-CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED"

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLISHED 1759.

MAGIG STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECUEED BY
EOYAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear oE linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No nse of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards; no tnrning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OvERTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of July, page 68 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead,"
COLOUK OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

814, Lichfield Road, Aston, Birmingham.

!Mabch 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP bOMESTlO APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled excellence.

THIS ilachine, by its simplicity and constraction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and wUl supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kUt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smeU which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATING BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELCTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BKONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomlinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

HOLMES, PEARSON, MORTON & CO.,

MANUFACTUEEES OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY:

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 32 inches, £5 10s. Rollers with BraSB Caps.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AN'D JOtJRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MiECH 1, l88l.

FOR SEWING

MACHINES.

TRADE MAEK.

WALTER EVANS & CO.,

BO -A. m'S-ia: E .A. 3D COTT02S3- 3VrA.3SrXJFufiLC1'OR,-5r, IDERB-^

EVANS'S SUPERIOR SIX CORD SEWING COTTON, ON SPOOLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED

ALSO

SuPERioK Six-Cord Crochet Cotton, on Spools, in Skeins, and in Balls, for Sewing, Knitting, and Crochet, which

IS especially recommended for all "first-class Crochet Work ; " also for Guipure d'Art and Point Lace
Maltese Thread, in Balls, White, Black, and Colors
Tatting Cotton, on Spools.

1862.

London Exhibition Prize Medal,
awarded "for very strong &
most superior thread."

1867.

Paris Universal Exhibitioa
Qold Medal.

1873.

Vienna First Class Medal
" for Progress."

1878.

Paris Universal EzhibiUon,
Silver MedaL

LIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLT FOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HA 7.MESS MAKERS,

AND EC'S.

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vihrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE for" ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in evevy Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj fTor/c FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF "PU~RCHASE.

The Howe Machine Oompanjr, Limited^

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

Maech 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUHNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

This Machine lias obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name (" Raj'mond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CATXTION. — Jamks &. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT " Household "
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is e.xceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every land of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
ments — loose wheel, and (Registered)
Automatic Bobbin AVinder.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples o
Work, and all particulars free on applicatio

Raymoncrs No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers.

^.O-EISTTS ■V^.A.l>a"TED.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863.

Clothes-Wrin2:ers ! Clothes-Wringers ! !

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES -WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

Strong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen ^ears as the •■ Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
instantly without labour, droppmg them into the basket nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes- Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
delicate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25s., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inoh R-^llers.

. Wholesale Quotations, Pest free, from

HARPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOXJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

March 1, 1881.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVBRAOE MONTHLY DELIVEBT (including Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT EEPLACING STEAM ENGINES FROM 1 to 40 HOESB POWEE IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., aioster St.,
MANCHESTER.

CROSSLEY^BROTHERS,

LONDON HOUSE:

116, Queen Victoria Street, E.G.
LONDON.

THE 'WANZER "

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, -wlierevex Exhibited.

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.

Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and

Spooler. £4 4s.
WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running

Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s.

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os,
WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER " E " Wheel Peed Machine, for heavy work of all kinds-

£8 8s.
WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING
MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. Tht
only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER ''A'*

The Wanzer Sewmg Machine Company ^

Great Mechanical Success of the Age. l i ifi i t e d ,

It combines all the hnown advantages of other Chief OflflCe— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
Uaehinea. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base, r\'vrpr\-DT\ nfOnTia T r\-KXT\r\-KT TXT

Pom Quineaa complete. \JjLt KJKD L»1±CU U O, UKJSi UU JN , W .

]

March 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

NEW INVENTIONS REFERRING
TO SEWING AND DOMESTIC
MACHINERY.

IMPEOVEMENTS IN BICYCLES.

The object of tliis invention is to faoiKtate the escape of
bicycle riders from their bicycles when accidents occur, and to
prevent their becoming entangled therewith m such cases, and
also affording an easy mode of dismounting. This is effected
by dispensing with the steering handle, as ordmarUy fitted, and
su-bstituting a pair- of steering handles constructed as foUows :
— To the lower end of the fork, which usually terminate with
the hubs, add elongations downwards below tke radius of the
cranks, and so as to clear the same. These elongations to the
fork are then bent outwards to a sufficient distance to clear the
cranks and pedals or stirrups. These elongations are then tm-ned
ripwards, and terminate in suitable handles, one on each side of
the rider. In case of an obstruction to the motion of the
bicycle, or any other accident occiuTuig, the absence of the
ordinary steering handle enables the lider to jumi3 off with
facility and save himself from injury, as the rider's knees are
free from impediment to his so doing. The elongations above
mentioned may be constructed of solid metal, tubular metal,
or any other suitable materials, and of one or several pieces,
and suitably strengthened at the bends to insure the necessary
stiffness. Provisional pi'otection for this invention has been
obtamed by Mr. Joseph Goodman, 16, Hercules-biul dings,
Lambeth-road, S.E.

IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES.

This invention consists in improvements in the construction
of bicycles, by means of which the machine can be propelled
with perfect ease, at a rapid speed, and with increased safety
to the rider as compared with such machines as ordinarily
manufactured, whilst at the same time it possesses great
simplicity of construction, and can be easily managed and
controlled by the rider. The two wheels are formed of the
same diameter, and, instead of being placed one in fi-ont of the
other as is usually the case, they are arranged parallel to each
other on the respective ends of an axle, the centre of which,
that is to say, that portion which is situated between the
wheels, is in the form of a hoop or loop. Prom the axle and
between the wheels is suspended a frame, on which is mounted,
at a point below the centres of the wheels, the saddle, which is
so arranged as to admit of its being raised or lowered, in order
to adjust it at the proper height from the ground to suit the
length of the rider's legs. Brakes are arranged on each side of
the lower part of the frame so that the rider, by actuating one
or both by pressing thereon with his feet, can guide the
machine or arrest the progress thereof, as desired ; when the
pressure is removed the brakes are brought to their normal
position, clear of the ground, by the action of springs. It will
be readily understood from the above desciiption that the
whole of the weight of the rider is suspended or bung below
the centres of the wheels, whei-eby all danger of the machine
being over-balanced is entirely avoided, and as the peiipheries
of the wheels project beyond the body of the rider, they serve
to protect him from injury in the event of the machine coming
into contact with any obstacle. When the rider is seated on
the saddle his body will pass through the before-mentioned
hoop or loop of the axle, and, in that position, by lightly touch-
ing the ground with his feet and moving his legs as when
walking, at the same time pushing the hoop or loop with his
hands, he can propel the machine with the greatest ease. In
some cases the frame is extended above the axle, and a pulley
or small wheel is mounted on the upper part of each side of
such extended portion, and over the said wheels or pulleys are
passed endless bands, cords, or chains, the same being also passed
over wheels or pulleys connected to the centres of the wheels of
the machine ; by means of this arrangement the rider can, with
or without the assistance of his feet, as hereinbefore described,
propel and steer the machine by simply pulling the said bands,
cords, or chains with his hands. Letters patent have been
granted for this invention to Mr. James Symes, of Dublin.

AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING AND
POLISHING TABLE KNIVES AND FORKS.

The uiveutor, Mr. John Pinchbeck, of No. 11, Bridge-street,
Westminster, who has obtained provisional protection, thus
describes his invention : — I take a piece of wood of suitable
size and thickness, into which I work a recess to receive a pad
of vulcanised mdiarubber or other pliable substance. The
recess not being so deep as the indiai'ubber is thick, allows it to
f)roject or stana up about a sixteenth of an inch or so above
the wood. On each side of this pad I place a steel flattened C
sprmg, the lower limb of which is firmly fixed to the wood base
aforesaid by means of bolts and nuts, and on the top limb of
the said C spring, a bearing is fixed by means of screws. Each
bearing forms part of the sides of a hopper into which the
emery or other cleamng powder is placed. In these bearings
revolve a spindle upon which a roUor of vulcanised indiarubber
or other suitable substance is fixed, and at the extremity a
crank handle by which motion is imparted to the roller. The
C springs have the power to caiise the roller to bear hard upon
the stationary pad between which the blade of the knife to be
cleaned is inserted. Two adjustmg thumbscrews are ta^aped
mto the upper limb of the C springs, the pomts of which rest
on the lower limbs of the same, so that the necessary pressure
may be regulated, whUe the flexibility of the springs allow the
roUer to assume any angle to the fixed pad to allow for the
unequal thickness of the blade. The emery or cleanuig powder
falls through a narrow slit in the hopper on to the revolving
roller, thus keeping it supphed with fresh powder.

IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES.

This invention relates, in the first place, to a mode of locking
and guiding the steeruig wheel, so as to leave the arms at
liberty to be used with the legs in drivmg the tricycle, and
consists in the arrangement and combination of the paits, in
the maimer hereinafter stated, whereby the steeling wheel can
be locked or steadied, as requii-ed, by the pressure of the rider's
back, and receive the necessary guiding from the action of
either of his shoulders respectively. The locking or steadying
of the steering wheel, as requii'ed, is effected by means of a
stud or projection on a pivoted arm or lever, which stud is
caused to fix the guide bar bj' the pressui'e of the back of the
rider against the back-board, theieby acting on one end of the
said arm or lever, and is withdrawn therefi'om (so as to liberate
the guide bar) by the reaction of a spring against the opposite
end'of the arm or lever on the removal of the pressure from the
back-board. When the guide bar is thus liberated it is free to
be acted upon by the pressure of either of the shoulders of
the rider against a cross piece at the upper part of the back-
board, so as to guide the steering wheel either to the right or
left hand through the connection of the guide bar with the
fork of the said wheel. By the arrangement of the parts, as
above stated, when the shoulder of the rider is about to press
on the transverse limb of the back-board, his b;ick natiu-ally
assumes a position which takes the pressure off the vertical
limb thereof, and liberates the end of the arm or lever con-
nected therewith, the ojiposite end of the arm or lever being
then acted upon by the spring so as to \vithdraw the locking
stud from the guide bar, and leave it free to be acted upon, as
requii-ed, for the purpose of guiding the tricycle. And when
straight driving is again requii'ed, the steering wheel is locked
by the pressure of the back on the vertical limb of the back-
board causing the stud to press ag.ainst the guide bar. And
this uivention consists, in the second jjlace, in the adaptation
and application to tricycles of the parts and arrangements
hereinafter stated. One wheel is rightly fixed in the usual
way on the axle, which is double cranked, the other rotating
with an ordinary box, but with the friction increased consider-
ably by means of a ring of india rubber impinging on the
collar of the spindle, and also on the hub, so that when not
rotating at the same speed as the driving wheel the friction is
great, but not so great as to interfere with tuining, but when
rotating at miiform speed with the di-iving wheel, nearly half
the driving power is communicated to it by the said ring of
india rubber. The cranks are acted upon by rods connected to
the lower ends of two oscillating bars, the centres of which are
on each side of the fork of the small or steering wheel. These
bars extend to the same length above and below their centres,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Maeoh 1, 1881.

and huve the pedals fixed at the upper parts, so that the force
of the legs is apjilied in a horizontal dii-ection, or nearly so. A
handle is fixed to each connecting rod at a short distance
from the crant in such a manner as to admit of the tricycle
being worked hy the hands independently of the feet, or vice
versa, and also to admit of the handles with their connections
being used for the purposes of a break. Provisional protection
only has been obtained for this invention to Mr. J. H. "Walsh,
editor of The Field.

LAMPS FOR SEWING MACHINES.

This invention consists in enclosing the light in a metal
covering containing upon one side of it a circular opening, in
which may be placed a lens ; within this case or covering upon
the opposite side of the light is placed a reflector of metnl or
glass, pivotted so that it can be adjusted to any angle to
throw the concentrated light which passes through the opening-
containing the lens upon any object within focus. To adapt
this lamp to sewing machine";, for which it will be
found exceedingly useful for throwing tbe light directly upon
the needle and work, the inventor uses by preference a bent
arm, consisting at one end of a tubular piece, which fits over
tbe spool cari-ier, and has attached to it a projecting bar to act
as a substitute for the spool carrier on the machine. To the
other end of this bent arm he attaches a carrier for the lamp,
jointed to the arm, so as to allow of the lamp being placed in
any required position. Or an arm or bracket can be used, vA'ith
or without a cranij), to attach the lamp to the table or to any
piece of furniture, or the lamp made to stand upon the table.
Tbe inventor, Mr. E. Bourne, of Birmingham, obtained pro-
visional protection only.

THREAD HOLDER FOE SEWING MACHINES.

The invention is an apj)lianoe to a sewing machine to be
used in lieu of a bobbm and p)ui. The appliance is in the form
of what is generally known as a Tyrolese-box, and may be
made of sheet-metal, pasteboard, papier mach6, or other
similar material or substance. On and around the cu-cum-
feranco of the box or cylindrical tube, and midway of its
length, a grove is formed to receive the eye of a wii'e clii^.
The clip is formed with two arms, one arm being formed with
an eye, into which the other arm of the clip is held when the
appliance is attached to any convenient part of the sewing
machine. The hivention protects the thread from dirt, the
thread being enclosed and held by the box or cj^hndrical tube,
from the interior of which the thread is imwound more readily
and evenly than when imwound from off a bobbin. The
inventor is Mr. Gustavo Touissia, of Paris, who has obtained
provisional protection through Mr. H. G. Grant.

IMPROVEMENTS IN PERAMBULATORS.
This invention consists in the construction of parts of peram-
bulators (being that class of vehicle emjjloyed for carrying
perso'i?) so that uTie portion i.3 capable of being reversed, the
object being to shelter its occupants during any severity of
weather. The inventor describes his invention thus : — I con-
struct the body pvoi^er of the vehicle somewhat as hitherto,
and of any desired form to suit my requirement ; to this said
body I permanently secure the handle; the seat, back, and
sides, with heel board, which are independant of the body, I
cause to rotate by means of a pin or pivot passing through, or
in some case affixed upon the base or bottom of the vehicle,
secured by a cotter pin or other suitable means. In order to
facilitate the rotary movement of the said seat and parts which
I may dLsignate a chair, I employ a circrdar bowl at or near
the pivot, traversing the bottom, receiving the weight, and re-
lieving the pin or pivot of undue strain. The inventor is Mr.
Jauicti Lloyd, of Birmmgham, who has received provisional
protection for the same.

An English country editor was imprisoned for contempt
because he put this head-line over a report of the proceedings
of an election investigating committee : " Strange Conduct of
Loyal Commissioners." A few American head-line fiends would
drive Engla^nd frantic,

MACHINISTS AND APPRENTICES.

From our mechanical and other exchanges we hear frequent
moans about the deficiency in manual skill of the new genera-
tion of metal workers. The foreboding is even expressed that
the supply of competent machinists must continue to fall off
until American manufacturers have to yield the palm of excel-
lence once more to Em-ope. This evil state of things is attri-
buted mostly to the discontinuance of the old apprentice
system, and it is specially urged that our sewing machine shops,
gun factoi'ies, and the like — where a large number of pieces of
one Idnd have to be made, and where cunning machinery takes
the place of several manual processes — are responsible for the
inefficiency of the average workman. The ground of this
reproach is that var'.ety of experience is not afforded to the
mechanic, and that he becomes a mere adjunct of the special
tools employed. No way out of the difficulty is suggested, but
we notice that a large manufactui'ing company in Massachu-
setts— now engaged on sewing machines — has devised a plan
three and four years apprenticeships, as if to do its part m
averting the reign of incompetency.

We really cannot share in the apprehensions of our friends
as to the general decline of American handicraft. It seems to
to us rather that there is here a misuse of terms. We should
not expect, under present conditions, that all men who work in
machine-shops shall be machinists. Custom may have encour-
aged them to use the name themselves, but that does not make
them so in fact. The multitude of our mechanical wants out-
grow speedily the possibility of fabrication oidy by skilled
craftsmen. The very immensity of our coimtry, relatively to
popidation, made the urgency for devices that should replace
or abridge the processes of manual toil. Hence have we deve-
loped, without particular effortat training, an army of inven-
tors who sm-passall the world besides in fei till ty. Hence, also,
our system of production has divided mechanism into two
broad classes — the gifted minority who work with intelligence,
and the unprogressive crowd who merely contribute a kmd of
skilled labour. The former are those to whom we intrust special
tasks, wherein judgment, taste, and calcidation have their parts
with dexterity. The latter have no more real title to be con-
sidered machinists than a man has to be called agTiculturist
whose experience is Umited to planting potatoes and hoeing
corn.

But we also centend that these two classes of workmen were
as broadly distinct under the old system of apprenticeships as
thej' are to-day. Of any group of a dozen boys in the machina
shops of the past there was never more than a small proportion
who came "out of their time" in the condition of genuine
skilled craftsmanship. These were the youths who po.ssessed
diUgence and ambition, who accepted the teachings of their
seniors "with docility, and who studied the resources of their
tools and mateiial in order to do creditably that which was
given them to do. The remainder became "journeymen"
merely by the lapse of years, for they settled down into vice-
hands, lathe-hands and the like, almost as definitely, as if they
had been apprenticed for no other purpose. And it is a fact
to-day that even in the abused sewing machine shops, a boy
who clisplays such merit as above outlined, will not be left to
the drudgery of a single speical tool, but will be utilised in all
directions imtil the circle of his experience shall embrace every
process and every tool on the premises. There are very few
foremen but delight to encourage such a lad, and if, in addi-
tion to these opportunities, he has the faculty for study and
reflection — without which no machinist ever amounted to any-
thing— he can scarcely fail to become an accomplished work-
man. Sbch a man will at any time be welcome in a general
engine-works, railroad-shop, or other mechanical factory, and
in a few years he would be as well able to take charge of a
shop himself as the best apprentices of the seven years' routine.
Meanwhile his familiarity with spec-al tools and their possi-
bilities will have enlarged his conceptions, and fitted him better
for the machine shop of the future, whereui the true machinist
will be but the creator and guardian of so many automatic
processes.

In brief, though there are no indentures, the best residts of
apprenticeship are attainable in almost any of our large
factories to a boy of the right Idnd, and if his employers are
not actually bound to consider him a pupilc it is certainly their

March 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPWANOES.

interest, to develop wLat talent he has, while he retains
himself that liberty of action and movement which
is the sovereignty of Americans. Nor do we intend by
these views to descry the experiments in apprenticeship now
being tried. Whether by this means, or technical schools or
any other agency, we sincerely wish the improvement of Ameri-
can handicraft. AU we want is to have things called by their
right names, and to make clear the part of our sewing machine
factories in the mechanical training of workmen. They are not
in the natiire of universities, but they are certainly not bad
schools, and we opine very strongly that there is no school now
extant in which the craft of Tubal Caia is completely taught.
The day has gone by for ever when any machinist could make
any and all machines in their entirety.

TRADE IN CYCLES, SEWING MACHINES, &c.

Few departments have imdergone greater development of
late than that devoted to the production of velocipedes in the
various forms of bicycles, tricycles, and quadricycles, for which
the demand of late years appears to be practically milimited.
Up to a comparatively recent period, bicycles were almost
unkno%vn out of this country. Now, however, the demand for
these machines is becoming as general and urgent abroad as it
is at home, and from all parts of the Continent and South
America, as well as from India and the Colonies, orders are
arriving by nearly every mail in increased quantities, and for
machines of a higher class. Although Coventry was the ori-
ginal seat of the manufacture in this district, and some of the
best machines produced are stdl obtained from the ' ' city of
spires," the machinists of Bu-mingham have long been engaged
in the manufacture of the parts and bearings or fiittings of
bicycles, and it has been a comparatively easy matter for them,
therefore, to commence the pi'oduction of complete machines.
This transition or development of industry has been a good
deal stimulated by the long depression of the sewing machine
and other branches of a kindred character, which are most
nearly allied to the bicycle manufacture, and in many cases
works which were erected for the production of gmrs, sewing
machines, clockworks, lathes, &c., are now devoted to various
kinds of pedal locomotives. Among the principal local makers
of these machines is the Royal Sewing Machine Company
(Limited), of Small Heath, which was originally established,
as the name indicates, for the exclusive manufacture of
sewing machines. A large business is still done by the
company in lock-stitch hand-machines, which appear to have
quite superseded of late the old pedal- stitching machines, at
all events for domestic use, but the most advancing department
of the company's busmess is that devoted to the production of
bicycles and tricycles, to which they are constantly adding,
but their most popidar types are the " Royal Mail " bicycle,
with patent acljustable handle. " ^olus " ball-bearings,
which are aj^phcable to front or back wheels or pedals, arc
manufactured here by Mi-. WiUiam Bown, of Summer-lane,
who is also a large maker for the trade of general stampings in
iron, and steel fittings and every requisite for the bicycle manu-
facture, as well as roUer-skates on the Plimpton and other
principles. The Cycle Company, of Charlotte-street, are also
the makers of some popular and valuable patterns. Amongst
the latest and most formidable competitors in this branch may
be mentioned the Birmingham Small Ai-ms and Metal Com-
pany (Limited), of Small Heath, who, having a costly plant,
extensive premises, and a powerful staff of skdled machinists,
possessunusual facilities for enteruigupon the trade. The company
was established for the manufacture of military guns on the inter-
changeable principle, but as most of the European Governments
now make their own small amis, and even the British Government
is compelled to keep the Enfield factory supplied with orders,
there is not much scope for private enterprise in the manufac-
ture of military rifles. The company have consequently turned
theii' attention to bicycles, and have just placed in the market
a somewhat novel machine, the " Otto," which, unlike other
machines of its class, possesses two wheels of equal size, which
are fixed parallel to one another, as in a tricycle, with the seat
between them. The rider's feet rest iipon treadles fixed upon a
double-throw crank, at either end of which are grooved pulleys,

connected by means of endless driving-njietal bands with other
pulleys incoi-porated with the hubs of th^ large wheels. By the
simple turning of a handle the machine ian be mstantaneously
turned in any requii'ed dnection, as the wheels both drive and
sfeer, and there is a j)Owerful break to each wheel, so that the
machine can be stopped in a few yards, even when travelling
at a high speed. The " Otto " is available for ladies as well as
gentlemen, and its use can be learned easily and without any
risk of falls. Bicycles of the ordinary kind are in growing
i-equest just now for various Continental markets, for the Cape,
India, Austi-alia, and even the United States, where, in spite of
the high tariff, it is apparently found cheaper to import than
to manufacture. A considerable imi^rdse is likely to be given
to the trade this spring by the wise resolution of the three rail-
way companies who serve the Midlands to reduce the carriage
rate from the 1st inst. by 50 per cent, on bicycles and 75 per
cent, on tricycles. — Ironmonger.

ELECTRIC LIGHTING FOE DOMESTIC PURPOSES.
A few weeks ago an interesting exhibition of electric lighting
took place, under the auspices of the British Electiic Light
Company (Limited), in the large haU of the Palace Chambers,
Bridge Street, Westminster, the object of the gathering being
an inspection, with the aid of practical illustrations, of Mr.
Lane Fox's system of lighting and apparatus applicable for
domestic use. Tbe hall was pleasantly lighted by groups of
small incandescent lights, altogether 15 in number, worked by
a Gramme machine, and the system was explained minutely
and with great perspicuity by Mr. Lane Fox, many questions
being interposed and replied to during the progress of his
remarks and experiments. The most important feature of Mr.
Fox's system appears to be a combination of equable regulation
with easy distribution, the construction and action of the lamp,
which was submitted to minute examination, being a matter
of detail to be worked out by experience and a union of prac-
tical minds. In opposition to the prevalent notion, Mr. Fox
maintained that electricity is, under his system, applicable for
heating and cookuig no less than for illumination, and his
sanguine view on this branch of the subject was fortified by
the boiling of some water in a small vessel within two or three
minutes, an attempt to make coffee having previously failed
through a defect, as was stated, in the machine, which was
newly-constructed. Cooking, too, as well as lighting, he con-
tended, may be done far cheaper with the electric motor than
with its now dominant rival, gas. The "Lane Fox" lamp, it
may be added, is almost identical with that of the Edisou,
Swan, and Maxim, having several important additions on the
method of distribution and regulation, the result of many years'
labour.

SMOKE-ABATEMENT APPLIANCES.

As several inquiries have been made, and as some doubt
appears to exist on the part of many manufacturers, as to the
intentions of the Fog and Smoke Committee, we are in a
position to state that the projected exhibition at South Ken-
sington has been postponed until the autumn. This course
hae, in our opinion, been wisely decided upon fer more reasons
than one. As the movement may rightly be termed a national
one, it is indispensable that it should not be carried out in too
hurried a manner. Already about 150 applications for space
have reached the Committee, and so much interest has been
shown in the question that a considerable number of additional
applications are anticipated. It is now seen that the space
originally placed at the disposal of the Committee by the Com-
missioners of the Exhibition of 1851 is not suffioiently large for
the intended purpose. The joint Committees of the National
Health and Kyrle Societies, with Mr. Ernest Heart at their
head, have therefore represented these facts to the Commis-
sioners, who have courteously promised to provide them with
the additional room nscessary. Had the exhibition boon held
in the spring, as originally suggested, i t was felt that sirfficient
time would not have been allowed to bring together such a
collection as the Committee desired, and, as many manufac-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Maech 1, 1881.

turers intimated their inability to prepax'e their intended
exhibits iuso short a time, many valuable inventions would
have been necessarily shut out. Again, the postponement will
enable several foreign exhibitors to be present, who otherwise
would have been excluded. Tha length of time that now inter-
venes before the opening will also enable the promoters to
introduce certain interesting features bearing upon the object
they have in view, and we shall probably see several indepen-
dent specimens of the houses of other countries and their
.systems of heating illustrated. Gas, it is expected, will be
largely represented, as bearing directly upon the system of
smoke abatement, and all other descriptions of heating or
cooking apparatus, whether virtually smoke-consuming, or
tending to its diminution by the economisation of fuel.
Furnace-bars and smoke consuming appliances for manufac-
turing purposes will form a distinctive class, and fuel of various
kinds wUl be admitted. It has also been decided to include
improved ventUating aT)pliances, chimney-cowls, &c. The Duke
of Westminster, the President of the National Health Associa-
tion, has just given a donation of £50 towards the preliminary
expenses.

CIECULATING-PIPES OR GAS-HEATERS?

Householders who luxuriate in the possession of a bath, and
enjoy their plunge therein all the year round, may be pardoned
if they have grown somewhat confused under the conflicting
evidence latterly brought forward as to the drawbacks
attendant upon the adoption of the ordinary methods of
securing the hot water necessary in cold weather. During the
present winter kitchen-boilers have exploded with such
alarming frequency and with 6uch serious results, owhig in
many instances to the stoppage of the circulating-pipes by
ice, that thousands of persons have resolved to abandon that
means af obtaining hot water in favour of some method which
does not involve the use of a network of pipes or the employ-
ment of cylinders, containers, and the like. The readiest
alternative which has suggested itself to the majority of those
who desire a change has undoubtedly been heating by gas, for
doing which economically and efficiently many excellent con-
trivances are placed before the public through the medium of
the trade. Here, however, we are placed on the horns of a
dilemma. Having resolved to avoid the dangers of bursting
boilers and circulating pipes, the unfortunate householder
is confronted with the far worse consequences which are
alleged to have resulted in many recent instances from the
use of gas-heaters. At Leicester a lady has been found dead
in her bath; at Brighton a gentleman has died under similar
circumstances ; and at Penge, near the Crystal Palace, another
gentleman has just fallen a victim in the same way. The
gentleman last referred to was Mr. Deacon, a solicitor. He
entered his bath-room shortly before midnight on Monday
week, and not being heard for a long time, the room was forcibly
entered, when the unfortunate gentlemen, who was only 30
years old, was foimd dead. At the inquest the medical evidence
showed that deceased wa,s a healthy man, and that death had
been caused by inhaling carbonic acid gas and carbonic oxide.
' The atmospheric burners used for heating the water of baths
similarly constructed to the one used by the deceased," said
the surgeon, " were extremely dangerous. They threw off a
considerable qaantity of poisonous fumes. Carbonic acid gas
and carbonic oxide did not kill by suffocation, but by direct
poison. The effect upon the brain was very similar to the
inhalation of chloroform." During the last fortnight, the
witness said, he had attended six persons who were similarly
attacJied after using baths fitted in this way. Two servant girls
had narrowly escaped with their lives. These are exceedingly
serious statements to go forth to the public, who will naturally
be prejudiced against the use of gas for heating bath supplies.
They should, therefore, receive the immediate attention and
investigation of all manufacturers of this class of fittings and
appliances, with a view to something being said and done to
reassure the minds of the public and of the trade, to the
members of which householders naturally and properly resort
for advice and assistance under the circumstances. This is
equally necessary, whether the burners which have caused

these accidents were common, unprotected, and unscientific
rings, or better made and more skilfully-devised apparatus.^
The Ironmonger.

EXHIBITION OF DOMESTIC LABOUR-
SAYING APPLIANCES.

LIST OF EXHIBITOES.

Abseil, George, 157, Queen's-crescent, N.W.

Adams, Robert, 7, Great Dover-street, S.E.

Agate and Pritchard, 68, Gracechurch-street, E.G.

Andrews, J. E. H., Stockport.

Anglo-American Laundry Co., 51, 52, Fann-street, E.G.

Ascherberg, E., and Co., 71, Queen-street, E.G.

Ashby, Walter, Eotherhithe New-road, S.E.

Association for Promoting the General Welfare of the Blind,
28, Berners-street, W.

Bailey, Bros., 25, Chancery-lane, E.G.

Barnard, Bradley, St. Paul's-road, N.

Barnardo,Dr.,East-endJuveiiU.eMission, Stepney-causeway, B.

Bateman, A. H., and Co., Limited, East Greenwich.

Bateman, John, 104, Strand, W.C.

Beauchamp, John, 205, Gray's Inn-road, W.C.

Bell and Black, Limited, Stratford, E.

BeH, John M., and Co., 491, Oxford-street, W.C.

Besson, F. and Co., 195, Euston-road, N.W.

Bevis, Henry, 140, Pentonville-road, N.

Boyle, Robert, and Son, 64, Holborn-viaduot, E.G.

Bradbury and Co., Limited, 14, Newgate-street, E.G.

Branson's Extract of Coffee, Wurtemburg-street, Clap ham,
S.W.

British and Foreign Bible Society, 146, Queen Victoria-street,
E.G.

Brown, B. P. and Co., 18, Norman's Buildings. E.G.

Browne and Co., 186, Piccadilly, W.

Browne, Justin, 239, Euston-road, N.W.

Brown and Green, Limited, 72, Bishopsgate -street Within,
E.C.

Burley, W., 34, Loudon Wall, E.C.

Burroughs and Watts, 19, Soho-square, W.

Camerer, Kuss and Co., 522, Oxford-street, W.C.

Carter and Aynsley, 54, Bishopsgate street Without, E.C-

Chadborn and Coldwell Manufacturing Company, 223, Upper
Thames-street, E.C.

Children's Home, Orphanage and Refuge, Bonner-road, Vic-
toria Park, E.

Ghorlton and Dugdale, 19, Blackfriars-street, Manchester.

Corry, Soper and Fowler, Limited, 18, Finsbury-street, E.C.

Cox and Co., 446, 447, Oxford-street. W.C.

Crossley Brothers, Poultry, E.C.

Davies,Mrs. G., 132, Albany-street, N.W.

Davis, Alfred A., 46, Buckingham-road, N.

Davis, Joseph and Co., 6, Kenuington Park-road, S.E.

Davis, S., and Co., Blackman-street, Borough.

Davis and Co., Limited, 62, Leadenhall-street, E.C.

Drew and Gadman, High Holborn, W.C.

Eagle Range and Foundry Company, Lozells, Birmingham.

Edwards, Geo., 182, Kingsland-road, N.

EUis and Co., 165, Fleet-street, E.C.

Ewart and Son, 346, Euston-road, N.W.

Fouoher, George, 29, Piccadilly, W.

Gallais, E., 27, Maigaret-street, W.

Gard and Co., Dunstable.

Garvie and Co., 5, New-street, BishoiDsgate, E.G.

Gent; T. J., and Co., Faraday Works, Leicester.

Geyelin and Co., Belgrave House, Argyle- square, W.C.

Gomer, R., 14, Junction-place, Amhurst-road, Hackney.
Goody, Edward, 18, Cockspur-street, W.

Green, Thomas, and Son, Limited, 54, 55, Blaokfriars-road,

S.E.
Griswold and Hainworth, Limited, 41, Charterhouse-square,

E.G.
Harris, S. and H., 57, Mansell-street, E.

Maech 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Hart, D., and Co., Wenlook-street, City-road, E.G.

Hancock, F. and C, 29, Oxford-street, Dudley.

Hancock, J. S., and Co., 13, Cotterhill-road, Dalston-lane, E.

Hatchman, W., and Co., 73, 74, "Wood-street, E.C.

Herts, A. C, Oxford-street, W.

Hieronimus, W., 77, 78, LeOQiird-street, Pinsbury, E.C.

Highbury Sewing Machine Company, 33, HoUoway-road, N.

Hilton, E., 10, Ganonbury-road, N.

Hindley, E. S., Bourton, Dorset.

Hodd, R., and Son, 30, 31, Hatton-garden, E.C.

Hooper and Co., Centre-row, Covent-garden, W.O.

Howe Machine Company, Limited, 46, 48, Queen Victoria-
street, E.C.

Hunt, Harry, 117, Newin.gton-green-road, N.

Hutchisson and Co., 51, Fanu-street, E.C.

Jeakes and Co., -51, Great Eussell-street, W.C,

Jeyes Sanitary Compounds Company, Limited, 54w, Bishops-
gate-street Within, E.C.

Johnson, Clark and Co., 4, Pinsbury-oircus, B.C.

Jolley, G-. H., 26a, Hosier-lane, E.C.

Jones, Orlando and Co., 18, Billiter-street, E.C.

Judd, H. L., and Co., 78, Fann-street, E.G.

Keighley Timber and Saw Mills Company, Keighley.

Kite, C, and Co., 117, Charlton-street, N.W.

Kent, George, 199, 200, 201, High Holborn, W.C.

Lance, George E., 16, Philpot-lane, E.C.

Lehn, Otto, 36, Farrmgdon-street, E.C.

Lyon, Arthur, 32, Windmill-street, E.C.

Manby and Go., Augustus-street, Eegent's-park, N.W.

Marx.'M., 11, Wansey-street, Walworth.

Maughan, B. W., 41, Cheapside, E.C.

Meyer, J., 19, Essex-road, N.

Middleton, John T., 235, High Holborn, W.C.

Miller, Herbert and Co., Limited, 73, 74, Wood-street, Cheap-
side, E.C.

Miller, S., 37, Tavistock-street, Govent-garden, W.C.

Moser, W., and Co., 20, Eed Lion-square, W.C.

Nettlefold and Sous, 54, High Holborn, W.O.

Newton and Eskell, 329, High Holborn, W.C.

Paul and Alexander, 53, Waterloo- street, Glasgow.

Paul and Co., 10, Jewin-street, E.C.

Portable Gas Apparatus Company, 47, Millbank-street, S.W,

Portway, Charles, Halstead, Essex.

Eae, C. S., Pickford-green, Coventry.

Ransome, S. and E., and Co., 13, Esses-street, Strand, W.C

Eennick. Kemsiey and Co., 4, Finsbury-oirous, E.C.

Ritchie and Go., 23, St. Swithen's-lane, E.C.

Robertson, D. and L.j 284, Sauchiehall-street, Glasgow.

Rudolph, Alexander, 32, Catherine-street, W.C.

Salayer and Co., 6, Middle-street, Long-lane, E.C.

Salmond, David, The Soap Works, Bradford.

Sanitary and Domestic Appliances Company, 10, Exchange
Arcade, Deansgate, Manchester.

Sanitary Engineering and Ventilating Co., 115, Victoria-street,
S.W.

Scott, W. and 0., and Co., Greenhead Oil and Soap Works,
Glasgow.

Seaton, Hugh, Peterborough.

" Sewing Machine Gazette and Journal of Domestic Ap-
pliances," 11, Ave Marie-lane, E.C.

Silicated Carbon Filter Co., Church-road, Battersea.

Simon, W., and Co., 8, Snow-hill, E.C

Singer Manufacturing Co., Foster-lane, E.G.

Smith, Edward, 3, Cheapside, E.C.

Spencer, George, 52, Goswell-road, E.C.

Spong and Co., 249, High Holborn, W.C.

Squintani, C. G., and Co, 3, Ludgate Circus-buildings, E.C.

Standard Manufacturing Company, Derby.

Stephens, H. 0., 191, Aldorsgate-street, E.G.

Stidolph, Thomas W., High-street, Dartford.

Straker, W., 34, 36, 53, Ludgate-hill, E.C.

Summerscales and Co., Keighley, Torks.

Syrett, C. J., Alexandra Palace, N.

Taylor, James M., 52, Tuilerie-street, Hackney, E.

Tension Bicycle Company, Watson-street, Stoke Newington, N.

Theobald, E., and Co., Portland House, Greenwich, S.E.

Thomas and Taylor, 99, Fonthill-road, N., and Stockport.

Trickett, John, Wicke, Sheffield.
Twelvetrees, Harper, 83, Finsbm-y-pavement, E.C.
Van Praag, Alexander, 9, Crown-street, Soho.
Vaiiey and Wolfendsn, Keighley, Torks.
Venables, Charles and Co., 187, 189, Essex-road, N.
WagstaiF, J. G., Alma Iron Works, Dukinfleld.
Wales, R., 112, Euston-road, N.W.
Wanzer Machine Co., 4, Great Portland-street, W.
Warner, B., Market-place, Devizes.
Webber, Charles, OfFord-terrace, Barnsbury, N.
Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing Co., 21, Queen Victoria-
street, E.C.
Whight, George, and Co., 143, Holborn-bars, E.C.
Willcox and Gibbs, 150, Cheapside, E.C.
Wilson Engiaeering Co., 247, High Holborn, W.C.
Wilson, Newton, and Go., 144, High Holborn, W.C.
Winks, B. A., 402, Esses -road, N.

Wolstenoroft, Thomas, and Co., 93, High Holborn, W.C.
Wood and Parkinson, Throstle-grove, Stockport.
Tale Lock Co., 3, Adelaide-street, W.C.
Zimdars, G. E., 327, Gray's- inn-road, W.C.

CURIOUS INDUSTRIES IN NEW TORK.

In the course of iuquu-ies instituted in New Tork by the
Superintendent of the Census, some singular industries "have
been brought to light. In New Tork city and Brooklyn about
3,000,000 XJairs of old shoes are thrown away every year. Old
shoes used to be plentiful in the gutters in some parts, but they
are now scarce. They are picked up and used, it appears, for
three purposes. All those not completely worn out are patched,
gieased, &c., and sold to men who deal in such wares. Some
persons wear one shoe much more than the other, and those
dealers find mates for the less worn shoes. Next, the shoes not
worth patching are cut into pieces ; the good bits are used for
patching other shoes, and the worthless bits are converted into
Jamaica rum, by a process known only to the manufacturers.
It is said they are boiled m pure spirits and allowed to stand
for a few weeks, and that the product far surpasses .Jamaica
rum made in the ordinary way. A manufacturer of tomato
catsup, who gave the value of his manufactured product at
18,000dols. and that of his raw material as nothing, stated that
every year he sends clean tubs to the wholesale houses that can
tomatoes, with the understanding that the women who trim
and peel shall throw the skins into these tubs. Every
day the tubs are removed, then' contents ground up, fermented,
flavoured, and sold as tomato catsup. Another strange and
certainly pernicious business is the manufacture on a large
scale of cheap candies from white earth or tei'ra alba, mixed
with a little sugar or glucose. Sometimes 75 per cent, of caudy
is composed of this earth. What is called a fine brand of
Castile soap is composed chiefly of the same white earth and
grease. Once more, a considerable business is done in finishing
in New Tork foreign goods imported in an unfinished condition.
Thus heavy duties are saved, though they are sold as imported
goods.

Bleaching Ivoei foe Cutleet Ptjeposes.— Mr. A. H.
Mason, discoursiug on the subject of peroxide of hydrogen
before the Liverpool Chemists' Association recently, said": —
" It is used in Sheffield to bleach the inferior ivory for knife-
handles. The liquid is supplied by an ivory-dealer in Loudon,
and it consists of an aqueous solution of peJioside of hvdro°-en,
of which it contains 2.9 per cent, of rather crude H-'O'^. The
mode of procedure is as follows : — Place, say, 2 quarts of the
liquid in a stone pot, adding 4 oz. liq. ammon. fort. SSC, im-
merse the handles, and put over a common shop-stove for 24
to 36 hours ; the handles are then taken out and gradually
di-ied in the air, not too quickly, or they would split. The
deep colour of the ivory is removed, and a beautiful pearly
white ivory results when polished. The ivory is previously-
treated with a solution of common soda, to get rid of greasy
mattfti and open the pores."

24 THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Makch 1, 1881.

EXHIBITION

Domestic Labour-Saving Appliances

AND ALL ARTICLES INTENDED FOR THE PROMOTION OF

IDOIMIIESariG TSUE^HF-T

TO BE HELD AT THE

AGRICULTURAL HALL, LONDON, '

March 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17,

18 81.

Chandeliers, Lamps, Stoves, Grates, and Tubular Warming
Arrangements.

Water-closets, Sanitary Appliances, Disinfectants, Electric and
Pneumatic Bells, Venetian Blinds, Encaustic Tiles, Venti-
lators, &c.

Mincing and Sausage-making Machinery, Filters, Dairy
Utensils, Kitchen Ranges, Gas and Oil Cooking Stoves, &c.,
&c.. Mineral and Vegetable Oils.

V/ashing, V/ringing, Mangling, Boot, and Knife Cleaning
Machinery, Emery Po^vders, Soap Extracts, Blackings,
Furniture and other Polishes.

Toilet Requisites, Perfumery, Brushes, Soaps, Hair V/ashes, &c.

Sewing, Knitting, and Kilting Machinery^ Cottons, Threads,
Silks, Needles, &c.

Furniture, Carpets, Kamptulicon, Corticine, Oilcloths, &c.

Conservatory, Green House and Garden Appliances, LaAvn
Mowers, Garden Seats, Garden Hose, &e.

Stable Fittings and Appliances, Harness, Horse Groomers,
Clippers, Medicine, &c.

Musical Instruments, Pianofortes, Organs, Musical Boxes, &e.

Outdoor and Indoor Games — Cricket, Croquet, Law^n Tennis,
Table Billiards, Puzzles, &c., &c.

Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, Perambulators, &e.

ADMISSION, ONE SHILLING,

March 1, 188].

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

LIFE— By JAMES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
' Money,' and 'Sloralitj'.'

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth Hmp. Price One
Shillins-. Messrs. Simpkin, JLirshall &, Co., Stalioners'-hall Court,
London, B.C.; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Kailivay Bookstalls; Messrs. Willinj
& Co.'s Bookstalls; and at every Booksellers.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.G.,
will send a copy, post free, for Is,

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE — Introduction. Is Life Worth Living ?

T IFE— Life of the Future, Culture, Health.

T IFE — Eecreation, Common Sense, Thrift.

T IFE — Compulsory Thi-ift, Marriage, Happiness.

T IFE — Religion, Future Life, Human Destiny.

T IFE — Concluding Eemarks.

LIFE — Page 24 : — ** Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men what a glorious thing it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is — aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it. What a mockery ' Faith m God ' is when we reflect upon the melancholy
views the majority of orthodox people have of it, going through the journey as an
ordeal to be borne as patiently and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but thine be done." '*

LIFE — Page 34 : — " Life is real, life should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an aim, an object in life ; and to be happy, to
enjoy life, the object must be one worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's character so strong and true that they can be relied up,; men that wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE — Page 45 : — " The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the ' Great Unknown.' Life will be very
different once we get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that tliere is never
anything wrong but what has been done by ourselves or others ; and tliat tlio wrong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it right.' "

LIFE — Page 102 : — ** Common sense denies that any
happy chance wilt do for a man what he is quite unaLiIe to do for himself.
Our happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith tliat our wages will be
in proportion to our deserts. Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanks in a lottery, by chance and indiscriminately ; but there is a reason for every
success and failure, indolence, chicanery, waste will cause the one ; while industiy,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.' "

LIFE— Page 173:— ** The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Creator's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe that God meant man to be born weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' ''

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have life. What shall we do
with it ? The world is like a vast manufactory, in which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Believe me you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxical as it may seem,
while He hides himself behind them. He also reveals himself through them. Theic
is no better way of understanding the Creator ; the laws are emanations of the all-
beauteous mind ; they shadow forth the divinity that couti-ived them ; we tind the
more we study them, greater evidence that there is a Living God, a Father caring for
and loving His children."

MOEALITY— 208
One SbiUing.

pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price

TV! OEALITY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-

1« 9 tionerb'-liall Court, London, B.C. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway
Bookstalls.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy post free for One Shilling.

MOEALITY.- Page 202 :— *' Make ,.s feel we are under
the rule of * One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringed wi!h
impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to learn the wiibei,
and be happy by reverently obeying Him."

ly/T OEALITY— Business— Money— Life.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, Loudon,
W.C, -will scud copy of aoy one of these works post free for Is.

M
M

M
M
M
M
M

ONEY — 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, price One

Sliilling.

ONEY^Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-

hall Coiirt, London, E.C. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Book-
Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls ; and at every Bookseller's.

ONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,

W.C., will send a copy, post free, for Is.

ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.

ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

ONEY — Cm-rency : Gold Money, Silver Money.

ONEY — Bank Notes, Cheques, BiUs of Exchange.

ONEY — Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Interest.

ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics.

ONEY — Individual Success, National Prosperity.

ONEY — Concluding Eemarks.

ONEY. — Page 28: — "It is only by understanding

our monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit,' Our com -
mercial system is based upon faith ; cheqiies, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay; yet so great is the power of credit tliat transactions to the
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted throu^^h the Clearing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this j,'iant ' paper,' based upon
'credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction witli banking, this institution
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous amonut, without the
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by bookkeeping or transfer of cheques, the
debiting or crediting of A or B."

BUSINESS— 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One ShUling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-hall Court, London, E.C. ; Jlessrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway

Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls : and at every Bookseller's.

BUSINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy, post fre, for is.

USINESS — Contents: Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS— Business Qualities, Health, Education,
Oljservation.

BUSINESS— Industiy,
Punctuality.

Perseverance, Arrangement,
Calculation, Prudence, Tact.

■D USINESS-

TDUSINESS-Truthfulness, Integrity.

"D USINESS— Money, and what to do with it.

O USINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Eeciprocity, Civil Service
stores.

"D USINESS— Co-operative Tradmg, Concluding Eemarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : — " Commerce is guided by laws
as inflexible as those of health or gravitation ; and the primai'y cause of
failure in business may he traced as unerringly as the punislunent that will surely
follow the iiifrhigcmeut of any other law oi nature."

BUSINESS.— Page 179— "From every pulpit and in
every school throughout the kingdom the justification of double dealing and
trickery upon the plea that it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in any
vocation, should be denounced in the most uninistakcable language as a libel on
Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real ca'isc — the man's
igaorauce of or iucapacity for the business or profession be follows,"

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

March 1,1881.

SOLE AGENTS IN EUEOPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OE NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Sticb Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, uever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard "

For Manufacturing and Family use.

til CD a>

^ a> tQ h- !

O „ H.

5 o ffl

■iipq

2 B S

B-?^

2 „ C-

2 o

// is a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The mOBt Elegantly Ornamentecl Machine fn the world. Lasts a li Ee-
time, and NEVER gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OF WORKMANSHIP. i&

"We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late. Johnson, Clark and, Co.),

Fiusbury Circus, LONDON, E.G.

THOMAS WARWICK

MAKUFACTUREK OP

By Royal Lellers Patent. HivYl/JLii JfLilX Jl^Kil^XiO

Of every description, AVholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKEE OP "VTOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : ■• I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
dightest of the rough roads.^^

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Towa, Birmingliam.

SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE

CAN BE OBTAINED OF

E. W. ALLEN,

II, AVE MARIA LANE,

LONDON, E.C.
AT FOURPENCE PER COPYi
Or it will be sent post free on receipt of 4/6 sent to
the Publishers at the above address.

Just Published. 12mo. cloth limp, 2/-, or cloth
boai-ds, 2/6 (postage 2d).

SEWING MACHINERY,

EEINQ

A PRACTICAL IVIANUAL

SEWING

:achine,

Comprising its History and Details of its Construction, with Pull Tech-
nical Directions for the adjusting of Sewing Machines.]
By J. W. URaUHAKT.

CROSBY LOCKWOOD & Co., 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Ludgate Hill,
London, E.C.

€\)t Inning Blnrljini^ fujftte

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE proposal to still further circumscribe the statute of
limitation on debts not exceeding one hundred pounds
to twelve months instead of six years is one which ig
naturally exciting a considerable amount of attention in the
commercial world. The tendency to limit terms of credit is,

March 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

■we are glad to say, decidedly on the increase. The good old-
fashioned way of sending in tradesmen's accounts once a year,
at Christmas, with an "account rendered" the following
midsummer is rapidly dying out, and in fact only exists in the
west-end of London, Bath, Cheltenham, Leamington, and a
few other places of aristocratic resort ; but we are inclined to
think that the proposed measure of reform goes a little too
far. It is not at all uncommon for the creditor to lose sight
of his debtor for twelve or eighteen months at a time.
It would be surely a little too bad if a debtor could
obtain a legal release from all his liabilities, provided he in no
case owed a sum not exceeding one hundred pounds to each
creditor, by the simple process of residing some twelve months
on the Continent, We think that if two or three years were
proposed it might prove to the advantage of all parties con-
cerned. Indeed, ws are of opinion that any enactment which
will give the trader a fair excuse for aifording credit to
doubtful customers would be bailed as a boon by the trading
classes. In fact Mr. Commissioner Kerr, whose opinion, with
all his eccentricities, ought to carry some weight, has more
than once expressed his opinion that the sooner all debts are
rendered non recoverable by law, and everything is reduced to
a system of absolute cash payment, the better. We don't
expect our readers, who depend, so many of them, on the
easy payment system, to endorse the views of tbe learned
Commissioner, but we think they will none the less agree with
us that the credit system is at best a necessary evil.

We publish in another column a preliminary List of Exhibitors
at the forthcoming Exhibition of Domestic Laboiu- Saving
Machinery and Articles Intended for tbe Promotion of House-
hold Thrift. It will be seen that the Industries represented by
by this Journal have taken up the matter in earnest. All tbe
leading houses in the Sewing and Domestic Machinery Trades
will be represented, and we have reason to believe that some
striking novelties will be on view in the various departments.
Among other things, we hear of a new tricycle, which is likely
to attract a considerable amount of attention. All the space
has been let ; the arcade and approaches will be handsomely
decorated ; two bands will play at intervals during the after-
noon and evening ; and altogether it promises to be a most
successful Exhibition. We strongly advise all of our readers
who can possibly spare the time to spend a day at the Agri-
cultural Hall. They will find plenty of amusement and
instruction, and we may fairly congratulate the promoters
upon the success which has attended their efforts.

There have lately been some veiy important improvements
in bicycles and tricycles. Almost every day some inventor
lodges in the Patent Office an application for protection for
some improvement or other. A novel feature is certainly the
application of steam, and we believe a tricycle worked by a
small steam engine will be shown in operation at the forth-
coming Domestic Labour saving Appliances Exhibition. Not
by any means a mean improvement is that recorded in another
column, in which the handle is so constructed that the rider
can jump ofE forwards when an accident is imminent. His
knees are quite free, and he can thus avoid the approaching
" cropper." We notice one inventor intends doing away with
the small hind wheel, and making bicycles with two large
wheels placed side by side; while there are many patents for
improved cranks and ball bearings. Surely bicycles and

tricycles wdll soon be perfect as it is possible for human beings
to make them. We are glad to note that the tricycle is fast
increasing in favour with both ladies and gentlemen. It was
at one time, and is now, looked down upon by the male sex as
somewhat effeminate; but still, it is the more substantial,
sensible article of the two, and with steam-power nothing can
beat it as a means of pleasant locomotion, most especially for
long tours through the country.

QUE ILLUSTEATED SUPPLEMENT.

AVE give this month an illustration of Mr. A. Fuilong's shirt
collar and cuff ironing and polishing machine ,^which will be
seen in operation at the forthcoming Domestic L,abom- Saving
Appliances Exhibition. Over 200 of these machines are in use
in the United States, and they are \oi great value to large
schools, public laundrys, and other large institutions. It will
be seen by the iUustration that a steady and uniform pressui-e
is exerted upon the work by the means of the spiral spring at
the top, which is capable of bemg instantly increased or
diminished by the use of the screw and wheel at the top,
thereby insuring uniformity of finish without effort upon the
part of the operator. The bed upon which rests the work is
heated, thereby presenting two heated surfaces to the work,
viz., the bed and iron, which is either heated by gas or in the
ordinary way. The address of the manufacturer is 52, Fann-
street, Aldersgate-street, E.G.

An amendment of the Patent Law has been introduced into
the House by Mr. Anderson, which, should it pass, will have
the effect of considerably reducing the fees payable in taking
out a patent, and will likewise simplify the process.

A correspondent writes us from Ireland that the present
ac'itation has left its taint on busiupss men, there being a strong
fe^'elinc' in existence against Enghsb firms. Irish manufac-
turers" our correspondent believes, would, for the most part,
be very glad to close all commercial relations with those domg
business°in England, if they were able.

It is not generally known amongst machinists that all
mineral oils, such as paraffin, whinh is commonly used by some,
not only tends to wear away the " parts" of a machme, but is
fatally destructive to any elastic, should it come in contact
with the rubber.

To prevent work -tools from rusting, apply with a brush a
mLxture of benzine and white wax, prepared m the foUov/ing
manner -—Carefully heat the benzine, and then place m it half
its wei°-ht of white wax, leaving it until it is completely dis-
solved.'' Linseed oil, applied in the same manner, is likewise
said to be an ef&cient preservative.

If the forecasts of those who are making a study of the effects
of luminous paint are anything approaching what they antici-
nate it is within the bounds of possibility that we may one day
see our workshops and factories lighted by no other means
than a coating of this substance on the walls and ceiling. An
experiment of this character was made the other day, and, it is
said, with the greatest success.

The Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London are
about to try the experiment oflighting by electricity some of
the principal streets within their jurisdiction for a twelvemonth,
and of testing three of the most accredited systems. The
JabLjchkoff system will be applied to Southwark Bridge, Queen
Victoria Street, and part of Queen Street; the Brush system
to New Bridge Street, Ludgate Circus, Ludgate Hill, the
north side of St Paul'sYard, and thence along Cheapside
as far us King Street ; and the Siemens to the remainder of
Cheapside the Poultry, KingStreet, GaildhaU Yard, Mansion
House Street, King William Street, and London Bridge.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Maech 1, 1881.

B-ST si»eoi-^Xj -A.i=i=oi3srT:]s^Bisra7.

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

R.F.&J.ALEXANDER&CO

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

RKS, NEILS TON.

LONDON WAREHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade If arks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords—Soft and Glace Cottons.

■^'^fjulf'lr

55i2|.«»;55j.

SUN

Best Quality.

AJOOM

Medium Quality.

STAR

Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled

and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

Mabch 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

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THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

March 1, 1881.

THE WORLD IN A HUREY.

Everybody now knows that it is absurd to talk about, and
still more so to sigh for, " good old times." The Laureate has
declared that "we are heirs of all the ages in the foremost
files of time." He is doubtless right. To-day is older than
yesterday ; and the further we look back the more of youthful
national folly must we see. And yet there was a period when
men and women were not always engaged in catching trains,
in discounting their pleasures, in ante-dating bills of amuse-
ment, or in rejoicing over instalments of intelligence flashed
across their bewildered eyes as a kind of heliographic abstract
of the good or bad news awaiting them. It is proverbial that
men in all ages have made haste to be rich ; but there
never was a period when the wheel of fortune, the whirligig
of fashion, the red and black balls of speculation, and
the teetotum of trade revolved with such rapidity as they do
now. Falling stars, eccentric comets, and the secular accele-
ration of the moon possess no greater interest for advanced
astronomers than do the means, appliances, and aids, material
and moral, to the enjoyment of life, the prosecution of trade,
and general aggrandisement, with intensified speed, for all
orders of the community. "Go-ahead!" is the motto of
humanity, and steady progress has gone out of fashion. There
was a time when wind and tide, waiting for no man, had
matters very much their own way. A Nelson in pursuit of the
enemy might be blown out of his course ; and the navies of
commerce or war cumbered the seas in a helpless way. But
the giant Steam has accomplished more than he who wore the
famous "Seven-league Boots," dear to childhood; and a
modem Puck, in the shape of Science, puts a girdle roundabout
the earth in less than forty minutes. The electric telegraph,
declining to follow the sun and keep company with the hours,
outstrips time, and throws the best regulated chronometers
into a state of agitation and doubt. Clocks are uniform in
their records all over the land ; space, distance, and locality
have lost distinction ; and events, as Hamlet's mother said of
woes, tread upon each other's heels, so fast they follow.
Schoolboys no longer creep like snails unwUlmgly to school,
but are whirled thither by railway ; and lovers who would
write a ballad to their mistress's eyebrows must prepare them-
selves to do so while rattling along at sixty miles an hour.
Observant students not only run and read, but ride and dine ;
nay more, they journey in their beds, going to sleep in Aber-
deen and wakiug up in London, with nothing more than a
faint memory of a nightmare in the form of panting, puffing,
snorting demons, with white, green, and red eyes, to disturb
their minds. All the world is in a hurry, and people in the
pursuit of pleasure or business, if not bustling from an arrival
platform, are rushing, amidst the din of bells and the shouting
of guards, into carriages on the departure side of the line !

Periodical literature comes out days in advance of its printed
date, and Christmas books make their appearance long before
the season of Advent. Almanacks for "the ensuing year"
may be bought in September, and "Twelfth Night
Characters " have scarcely disappeared before valentines
gladden the hearts of amorous swains and delight the eyes of
maidens in their teens. In such haste are they despatched
that the Postmaster-General makes almost superfluous de-
mands that they should be posted early; and the welcome
" Good morrow to St. Valentine ! " has no sooner been uttered,
than those who greeted the day prepare to speed the parting
guest. Winter goods are " sold off at less than cost price,"
that " spring novelties " may be produced while yet the snow-
drop is buried in the ground and frost holds the eaith in
bondage. These in turn give place to "summer fashions"
before the blossom is off the trees and the intrusive cuckoo
arrives to occupy his place of usurpation. Fruits, fish, flowers,
and vegetables are almost as plentiful out of the season as
when they are legitimately "in," and nothing is orderly but
irregularity in the arrival of produce from the uttermost parts
of the earth. Only the unf orseen happens, and merchants seek
to spring surprises upon our markets with greater earnestness and
zeal than even characterises Mr. Gladstone's action in the
political world. Steamboats are propelled at high pressure,
and their skippers, in emulation of Mississippi captains, sit
upon the safety valves of boilers ; barges, wont to float lazily

on the surface of the Thames, are tugged furiously along ; and
launches dart to and fro like fire-ilies, endangering the outriggers,
which have surpassed the tardy skiff and wherry as surely as
express trains have taken the place of slow coaches. There
are dress rehearsals of pantomimes before Boxing Day arrives,,
and private views of pictures in advance of the public exhibi-
tion of them. The husbandman not only strives to make two-
blades of grass grow where only one grew before, but deluges
his land with patent manures, and adopts forcing processes
that swift and sudden growth may reward his pains, and enable
him to keep pace with rivals struggling to be first in gathering
a harvest. Every possible effort is made to accelerate the
speed of racehorses ; and pedestrians walk and run thousands
of miles continuously day and night. Swimmers are not con-
tent, like Leauder or Byron, with crossing from Sestos to
Abydos, but remain in the water for a week at a time, and
make voj'ages to sea which would have frightened ancient
Britons in their coracles, and taxed the skill of Roman navi-
gators in their stoutest galleys. Journals are printed from
endless rolls of paper, and produced by processes which secure-
almost simultaneous publication to hundreds of thousands ;
and a perfect Niagara of news is poured over the land without
intermission. Photography may be cari-ied on by night ; and
a system of continuous floating hotels bridges the Atlantic,
and virtually provides a ferry to the Antipodes. Short outs
across continents by canals, and tunnels through mountain
ranges tend to obliterate the lines of demarcation between-
nations, and practically bring closer together the members of
the great family of man. Locomotion goes on by sea and laud
in the thickest fog, amidst the excitement of detonating
signals, the clashing of monster gongs, and the sonorous roar-
ing of gigantic horns ; and garments are made by steam-driven
machinery. People cannot stop to run up and down stairs,
but take to lifts. The blackest night, equally with the
brightest day, knows^nothingof rest; "haste, haste, haste, post
haste !" is no longer an exceptional cry, but an incessant com-
mand. The telephone intensifiLS and extends the powers of
hearing ; the lightning has been tamed- to obey domestic
behests ; the pneumatic tube ' sucks up communications
and parcels with the voracity of an octopus; and a
network of exquisitely sensitive nerves binds together the
whole human race. Flashing signals enable armies at a dis-
tance to interchange intelligence with rapidity fleet as a glance
of the mind ; and the correspondence of busmess, friendship,
and love is carried on by means of stenography. Reporters
for the Press habitually transfix thought as it flies, with
nimbler fmgers than Gurney possessed in the zenith of his
fame ; and so eager are orators that their speeches shoidd
appear promptly in print, that they even have them set up in
type before delivery, not to lose time in winning popular
applause. State papers find their way into the public journals
before they reach Parliament ; and magazine articles are in
the hands of re-viewers before publication. In an astronomical
sense the world may be mo-ving in its orbit and on
its axis as it has done from the days when " the
morning stars sang together for joy" to those of Galileo, and
from his time to the present moment ; but the peoples of civili-
sation who tread the great rotundity are r ushing about in hot
haste and moving on with ever- accelerated strides. -No will-
o'-the-wisp could rival their phantom-Uke swiftness of motion ;
and, watching the inordinate fondness for rapidity of action in
process of development, a cynic, pausing for breath amidst the
giddy whu-1 around him , might almost be pardonedfor suggesting
that, before long, death itself may come to be discounted by a
world intent upon performing " happy despatch " in emulation
of the suicides of China and Japan.

It is believed that the English Post Office and the railway
companies have at length come to an agreement with regard to
the carriage of parcels. There is, therefore, no further
obstacle in the way of the International Parcels Post which
was arranged at the Paris Conference. The result wUl be, for
instance, that a parcel not exceeding 6 lbs. in weight can be
handed in at any English post-office and carried to any town,
in Germany for Is. 8d.

March 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The following list has been compiled expressly for the "Sewing
Machine Gazette," by G. F. Eedfern, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT : —

No. 188.

„ 192.

„ 208.

„ 231.

„ 234.

„ 259.

„ 260.

„ 263.

„ 273.

„ 282.

„ 326.

336. M

„ 340.

„ 356.

„ 362.

„ 367.

J. C. Mewburs — a communication from E. Antoine, of
Pourmies, France, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated January 14, 1881.

J. Mounsey, spindle and flyer maker, for improvements
in the construction of apparatus for spinning and
doubling cotton and other fibrous materials. Dated
January 14, 1881.

E. W. Morrell, of Bradford, merchant, and J. Shaw, of
Wakefield, both in Yorkshire, for improvements in
machinery or apparatus for preparing, scouring,
crabbing, steaming, tentering, drying, and finish-
ing textile fabrics. Dated January 15, 1881.

J. Watterworth, of Hull, perambulator maker, for im-
provements in perambulators, bath chairs, and
similar vehicles, partly applicable to Hansom cabs.
Dated January 19, 1881.

T. C. Fawcett, of Leeds, for improvements in machinery
or apparatus for preparing and feeding fibrous
substances on to scribbling, carding, or other
machines. Dated January 19, 1881.

G. Illston, of Birmingham, manufacturer, for improve-
ments in tricycles and other velocipedes. Dated
J.-inuary 20, 1881.

J. Turner, of Coventry, Warwick, and J. A. Lamplugh
and G. F. Brown, both of Birmingham, for certain
improvements in the seats of tricycles, also applic-
able to other analogous purposes. Dated January
20, 1881.

J. H. Smith, of Nottingham, for improvements in knit-
ting machines and apparatus applicable thereto.
Dated January 21, 1881.

J. "Wetter — a communiaction from J. Byfield, of George-
town, Ontario, Canada, for improvements in knit-
ting machines. Dated January 21, 1881.

E. E. Settle, of Coventry, Warwick, for improvements
in or appertaining to velocipedes. Dated January
22, 1881.

K. H. Brandon — a communication from J. H. Morley,
mechanical engineer, of Holyoke, Massachusetts,
United States, for improvements in sewing ma-
chines and button- feeding devices adapted to be
used therewith. Dated January 25, 1881.
Gandy, of Liverpool, for an improved mechanical
motion for imparting intermittent rotary action,
particularly applicable as a feeding gear for sew-
ing machines, also applicable otherwise. Dated
January 25, 1881.

Bates — a communication from A. Wintgens, of
Dahlhausen, Germany, for an improvement in
mules for spinning. Dated January 26, 1881.
Warwick, of Aston,|near Birmingham, manufacturer,
for improvements in bicycles, tricycles, and other
velocipedes. Dated January 26, 1881.
H. Skipper, of Three Oak Lane, Horselydown,
London, engineer, for an improved sausage filling
machine. Dated January 27, 1881.
H. Johnson — a communication from V. G. Jurian,
of Lille, France, for improvements in apparatus
for starting, stopping, and regulating the motion
of sewing, embroidering, and other machines or
apparatus. Dat«d January 27j 1881.

No. 391. T. Tongue and T. E. Bladon, both of Birmingham,
for improvements in bicycle, tricycle, and other
lamps. Dated January 28, 1881.

„ 399. E. Buckley, of Manchester, for improvements in the
construction of apparatus employed for steaming
textile fabrics. Dated January 29, 1881.

„ 419. G. W. Von Nawrocki — a communication from E. Schrke
and Messrs. Buldge and Hildebrandt, all of Berlin,
for improvements in continuous roving, slubbing
and spinning frames. Dated February 1, 1881.

,, 428. H. M. Knight, of Surbiton, Surrey, for improvements in
stocking and sock suspenders. Dated February 1,
1881.

„ 433. W. H. Bulpitt, of Birmingham, lamp manufacturer and
tin plate worker, for improvements in hand lamps,
bicycle and tricycle lamps, and other lamps. Dated
February 1, 1881.

„ 450. A. M. Clark — a communication from A. J. Hurtu, of
Paris, for improvements in sewing machines. Dated
February 2, 1881.

„ 500. W. E. Gedge — a communication from E. Cornely, of
Paris, for improvements in sewing and embroidering
machines. Dated February 5, 1881.

„ 512. J. White, of Coventry, Warwick, and G. Davies, of
Manchester, for improvements in the construction
of bicycles, tricycles, and other similar machines.
Dated February 7, 1881.

„ 531. W. S. Clark and E. Davenport, both of Manchester, for
an improved clothier's pressing and ironing machine.
Dated February 8, 1881.

„ 533. W. Mickelwright, of Shepherd's Bush, and A. G.
Gladwyn, of Hammersmith, both in London, for
improvements in or applicable to bicycles, tricycles,
and other similar machines. Dated February 8,
1881.

„ 543. H. H. Lake — a communication from A. K. Hebard, of
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, for an
improved method of, and devices for, stringing
pianofortes. Dated February 8, 1881.

„ 570, J. G. Dowd, of Brusna Mills House, King's County,
Ireland, for a new or improved mode or method
for facilitating the cutting out of ladies' and
children's dresses or parts thereof, or othes portions
of wearing apparel. Dated February 10, 1881.

„ 589. N. Tupholme, of SheiEeld, for improvements in
mangling or wringing machines, and in the stands
and covers thereof. Dated February 10, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following :—
„ 3,411. W. Morgan-Brown — a communication from B. P.

Shaw, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States, for

improvements in knitting machines. Dated Augast

25, 1879.
„ 3143. S. W. Pohlmann, of Halifax, Yorkshire, pianoforte

manufacturer, for improvements in pianofortes.

Dated July 30, 1880.
„ 3,148. C. Cresswell, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for

improvements in knitting machines and apparatus

applicable thereto. Dated July 31, 1880.
„ 3,154. J. Hunt, of Bolton, Lancashire, for an improved knife

cleaner. Dated July 81, 1880.
„ 3,161. E. Wiseman, of Luton, Bedfordshire, sewing machine

merchant, for improvements in sewing machines.

Dated July 31, 1880.
„ 3,360. H. Greenwood, of Leeds, machinist, for improvements

in sewing machines. Dated August 19, 1883.
„ 3,387. J., C, L., and M. Jefferson, all four of Bradford,

Yorkshire, machine makers and ironfounders, for

improvements in machinery for washing fibres and

fabrics. Dated August 20, 1880.
„ 3,458. W. Clark— a communication from A. Atkinson, of

Winterset, Iowa, United States, for an improved

combined clothes washer and wringer. Dated

August 26, 1880.
„ 3,478. N. K. Husberg, of Stockholm, Sweden, for improve-
ments in the construction and working of bicycles

and other velocipedes, applicable in part to other

purposes. Dated August 27, 1880.
„ 3,724. E. Howson, of Middlesborough-on-Tees, Yorkshire,

engineer, for improvements in pianofortes. Dated

September 13, 1880.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Maech 1, 1881.

No. 4,670. W. H. Dorman, of Stafford, engineer, for improve-
ments in sewing machinery, chiefly designed for
the manufacture of boots and shoes. Dated
November 12, 1880.

„ 4,691. H. E. Osborne, A. P. Mathewson, and J. Guild, all of
Dundee, North Britain, for improvements in or
connected with spinning machinery. Dated
November 13, 1880.

„ ^VaS. A. Capra, J. B. Eissone, and S. Detoma, all of
ClerkenweU, London, for improvements in piano-
fortes and mechanism combined therewith. Dated
November 16, 1880.

„ 4,799. T. G. A. Parkyns, of Stapleton, Bectenham, Kent,
improvements in the construction of velocipedes
and in the means of propelling the same, parts of
■which are applicable to other vehicles. Dated
November 20, 1880.

„ 5,046. J. H. Starley, of Coventry, Warwickshire, for im-
provements in velocipedes. Dated December 20,
1880.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 128. W. R. Lake — a communication from S. C. Brown, of
Philadelphia, United States, machinist, for im-
provements in machinery for sewing straw braid.
Dated January 10, 1880.

„ 151. W. Carter, of Sneiuton, Nottinghamshire, for improve-
ments in bicycles, tricycles, and similar machines.
Dated January 12, 1878.

„ 193. E. H. Hutchinson, of Blackburn, Lancashire, cotton
manufacturer, for improvements in looms for
weaving. Dated January 15, 1880.

„ 217. W. Stead and J. Conlong, both of Eadcliffe Bridge,
Lancashire, for improvements in drop-box looms
for weaving. Dated January 17, 1880.

„ 310. G. Downing — a communication from G. E. Hart, of
Newark, New Jersey, United States, for improve-
ments in embroidering attachments for sewing
machines. Dated Janviary 23, 1878.

„ 316. J. T. Townsend, of Nuneaton, Warwickshire, for im-
provements in bicycles. Dated January 24, 1878.
" „ 352. W. Holt, of Elton, near Bury, Lancashire, manufacturer,
for improvements in weaving counterpanes or
quilts for bedg. Dated January 28, 1878.

„ 355. G. W. Von Nawroeki — a communication from H. Elbers,
of Hanover, Germany, for improvements in appa-
ratus for mangling or smoothing textile fabrics and
articles of dress. Dated January 28, 1878.

„ 416. J. Harrington, of Eyde, Isle of Wight, for improvements
in bicycles, part of which improvements is applic-
able to wheels for other vehicles. Dated January
31, 1878.

„ 420. J. and F. V. Eioher, both of Twickenham, Middlesex,
for improvements in tricycles. Dated January 31,
1878.

„ 454. A. V. Newton — a communication from E. White, of
Brooklyn, New York, United States, for an im-
proved spring pressure attachment for sewing
machines. Dated February 4, 1878.

Specifications Published DnmNa the Month.
Postage Id. each extra.

a. d.

No. 2,073. J. Dutton, driving mechanism for bicycles, &e... 0 6

„ 2,076. T. G. A. Parkyns, velocipedes ... 0 2

„ 2,407. H. G. Grant, thread-holder for sewing machines 0 2
„ 2,430. W. E. Lake, sewing and plaiting or qiiilling

machine 0 4

„ 2,436. J. Lloyd, perambulators ... ... ... ... 0 2

„ 2,450. E. Bowine, lamps for sewing machines ... ... 0 2

„ 2,493. J. Lucas, bicycle lamp ... ... 0 6

„ 2,507- M. H. Pearson, machines for sewing boots and

shoes ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 2

„ 2,515. M. H. Gerring and E. E. Eumsey, bicycles ... 0 2
„ 2,540. T. Humber, T. E. Marriott, and F. Cooper, ad-
justable double ball bearing for bicycles, &c. 0 2
„ 2,580. W. L. Wise, apparatus for washing, rinsing,

and drying linen, &c. ... ... ... ... 0 2

„ 2,587. J. H. Walsh, tricycles 0 2

„ 2,650. J. Symes, bicycles 0 4

„ 2,707. J. Pinchbeck, machine for cleaning and polish-
ing table knives and forks ,,, ... .,, 0 S

No. 2,786.
„ 2,798.
„ 3,021.
,, 3 294.

J. Turner, cranks for velocipedes

J. Goodman, bicycles ...

P. H. F. Engel, looks of knitting machines
M. H. Pearson, sewing machines

WILL ALL SUCCEED?

Under this heading the New Yorh Seioing Machine Nevis
gives the following : —

Common sense should teach aU aspirants that it is
a very difficult matter to drive out or even injure tlie
prospects of old-established companies, no matter what new
improvements may be theirs, as superior to those now in uss.
It is not an easy matter to make the great public forget old
and familiar names. Even should they succeed, it is visionary
to suppose that the old-established concerns cannot meet
them, and hold their own against newcomers — if they choose.
New concerns should not forget that the odds are greatly
against them, as the old companies have experience, and
possibly better facilities to sustain their claims for public
recognition. But then if a new concern has energy, pluck,
endurance, and a goodly store of capital behind them, the
chances are in their favour; otherwise, some of them will get
badly hurt before they get out of it. This point should not
be forgotten; every one in the sewing machine trade knows
that mUlions have been sunk in the elForts to establish machines
and reputation ; new beginners should make up their mind,
that for a while — and perhaps a long time — their road will be
up-hill ; but with pluck and capital they may succeed.
Nevertheless, the chances are against them, and they must
look well to their resources before they decide to enter the
sewing machine arena.

As we have before stated, too little attention is given to the
bearings of the various existing sewing machine patents, by
those who enter the field waiting till their 'company is
organised before this matter is intelligently looked into. It
is much easier and better to investigate these points before
one has committed himself, than it is after the capital has been
invested on the supposition that the coast was clear. In case
it is not, then the trouble begins both in and out its corporate
limits. It is an easy matter for an inventor to think that he
has invented something new, when possibly it may have been
in use for years in some other form, and covering the same
points. The patent office is not infallible, so it is not best to
put entire trust in that department ; but to rely upon the
judgement of some experienced mechanical expert who knows
more about a sewing machine in one day, than some of the
patent experts know in a lifetime. When this matter is properly
understood and acted upon, there will be no necessity for a
forced back down at the nod of some prior patent. By fol-
lowing this method of previous examination much cash will
be saved.

Is it not much better to spend a considerable sum of money
in closely examining the sewing machine patents, that it is to
go it blind, and eventually find one's self blocked by some
prior patent? Common sense should teach mea this important
fact ; but it seems there are, and always will be, some who do
not desire to be enlightened on any suljject contrary to their
wishes.

In placing a new machine upon the market, much depends
upon the men who have the arduous task upon their hands.
Organisation is generally the stumbling-block which all must
encounter, with varied success. A strong organisation, com-
posed of men with sagacity and energy, will often succeed,
when really a better class of wares would fail — all for the want
of proper executive power at the head. Many are of the im-
pression that if the machine is the best in the market it must
succeed on its own merits. Such a fallacy has often been
tried — and failed. The company organisation and executive
ability is the true point as to whether a venture will prove
successful or a failure. A weak organisation and a good
machine is sure to bite the dust; while a poor machine and a
strong organisation will, in all probability, prove a success in
some form or other.

As we remarked above, we should like to see them all
successful ; but fear we shall not, judging from past ventures
in the sewing machine line. Instances are not rare, where the

Maecs 1, 1881.

THE SKWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

failure of this or that sewing machine venture can directly be
attributed to the causes that we have pointed out. If those
who are about to enter the field as competitors do not take the
points herein mentioned into consideration, the chances are
that they will see the time when they will wish they had kept
their fingers out of the fire. There is not the money in sewing
machines that there was previous to 1876, when prices were
much higher than they are now. At present, even the older
companies are compelled to look sharp after every expenditure,
in order to enable them to pay respectable dividends. If they
have to manage affairs sagaciously, in order to make both ends
meet, how much greater the necessity for new concerns to go
slow, and know every inch of ground they go over.

As we said in our last issue, some half a dozen new machines
are getting ready to make their appearance upon the market.
It is not reasonable to suppose that all will prove successful^
as much as we would like to see it ; yet those who take time
by the forelock, and look well into the patent question, and
are generaled by executive men, will stand a fair chance of
making a name ; while those who do not heed these two impor-
tant points, but rely upon the goodness of their products for
success, will in all probability make signal failures in their
attempts to fight against facts which have so often been pointed
out to them.

EAELY PATENTS RELATING TO NEEDLES.

Historical details are wanting as to the invention and pro-
gress of the needle manufacture. Needles made of bone seem
to have been in use from the earliest stages of prehistoric man.
The high estimation in which needlework was held by the
Hebrews and their contemporaries shows that needles must
have been in every-day use at that time. In our country their
manufacture was introduced about the middle of the sixteenth
century; the secret of their production seems, however, to
have died with the foreigner who introduced the industry into
this kingdom. In the days of Qiieenf Elizabeth, a German re-
introduced the manufacture, and about 1650 needle manu-
factories were established at Long Credon, near Redditch, the
latter district remaining even to this day the head-quarters of
the English needle manufacture.

This particular industry never owed much to patents, and
there are consequently comparatively few entries relating to
the subject. The first that we come across was granted in
1755 to C. F. Weisenthal, a merchant carrying on business in
London, for a double-pointed needle, the eye being in the
centre, thus avoiding the necessity of turning the needle in
doing embroidery work. This could hardly have been a new
idea even then, and it has been patented abou'; half a dozen
times since.

Weisenthal's patent was, however, only for a new form of
needle, without any reference to the mode of manufacture.
The earliest grant of the latter kind is dated 177,5, and is in the
name of William Sheward, of Redditch, " worsted needle
manufacturer," for " needles with eyes upon a new and par-
ticular construction." The needles being eyed and guttered,
the inventor brings them m contact with "a small steel tool'
drill, or rimer," carried in a lathe. The tool is kept revolv-
ing, and " the eyes of the needles are then put upon or to the
point of the said drill or rimer, in such manner and form, and
continue there so long till the said tool, drUl or rimer hath
worked in and about the eye of the needle, so as to take off and
smooth all the edges from the eyes of such needles." Here we
have the first attempt at making " drill-eyed " needles an ex-
pression which does not, however, denote that the eyes are
actually drilled out of the solid. It was stated that a Studley
needle-maker introduced this method in 1793; but, as mio-ht
have been expected, it failed, on account of the expense. She-
ward seems to have subsequently removed to Biimino-ham,
for in 1789 he had a patent, in which he is
described as of that town, for a new and im-
proved method of finishing the eye of a needle
"in a way superior to any yet invented." His invention
consisted in arranging upon a revolving shaft a number
of steel discs, alternately roughed and smoothed, the former
being larger in diameter than the latter. The needles being

applied to the rough discs were rendered free from the
"square edges that punches always leave in the eye of a
needle, and the small wheels wall burnish or polish the cheeks
and full parts about the heads and turn them off complete."
The only information we have been able to gather respecting
Sheward is that he at one time occupied a farm at Beoleyl
near Redditch, and that he was also the inventor of a parti-
cular form of horizontal windmill, the sails of which were
inside a hollow drum. This was an idea which found parti-
cular favour during the last centuiy.

The next patent to be noticed is that granted in 1795 to
William Bell, of Walsall, for making " all sorts of needles,
bodldus, knitting-pins, fish-hooks, netting-needles, mesh-
pins, and sail-needles." The method consisted in casting the
articles in sand moulds, the metal used being partly refined
by melting with charcoal-dust and lime or common salt, the
mixture being frequently stirred with an iron rod. The in-
ventor states that articles cast in this manner are capable of
being tempered and hardened or softened in the usual way.
However suitable the process may have been to the production
of bodkins and such-like articles, it would be totally inap-
plicable in the case of the finer kinds of needles.

In 1812, John Scambler, a needle-maker, of Birmingham,
introduced the " Patent Golden Needles," the chief pecu-
liarity of which was that the eyes were gilt by being dipped
in a solution of gold in aqua regia, a process which at best
would give but a very unsatisfactory result. The needle had
also a long point, the taper part commencing at about two-
thirds the distance from the extremity. The eyes were square
or round, instead of oval, and the needles were hardened by
immersing in oil and water.

It is often asserted that the needle-pointing machine is of
German invention, but that is an entire mistake. The inven-
tion is English, and the error may have arisen from the fact
that needle-pointing machinery was fii'st used in a German
manufactory, the unreasoning opposition of the workmen pre-
venting its introduction here for many years. Pointing by
hand is, however, now almost entirely obsolete at Redditch,
foreign competition having compelled manufacturers to adopt
the machine. The needle-pointing machine is much older
than is generally supposed, the original patent having been
granted in ] 833 — nearly half a century ago — to Daniel Ledsam
and William Jones, of Birmingham. The machine ia question
not only grinds the points of needles, but it cuts off the wire,
the lengths being sufficient for two needles. The end of the
wire, which is coiled on a drum, is passed through a set of
straightening pegs, and then seized by a pair of pliers, which
draw off a determinable length of wire from the coil. The
amount thus drawn off at each pull of the pliers is governed
by a crank and slotted aim, the bearmgs of which may be
altered according to the " throw " required. The wire is then
severed by means of a sliding cutter, and the part cut off held
in a tube. Adjacent to the end of the tube there is a wheel
with grooves in the periphery, each capable of holding a single
needle. When a fresh length of wire is cut it pushes that
previously severed, and which has been described as remaining
in the guide tube, on to the groove in the wheel, the face of
which is not broad enough to take the whole length of the
needle, so that the ends overhang. A bar, bent to the
curve of the wheel, keeps the needles from falling out of the
grooves as the wheel revolves, and also serves to impart a
rotatory movement to each needle by the friction between the
wheel and bar, the friction being increased by covering both
with wash-leather. In this position they are presented by the
continued revolution of the wheel to the grindstone, which is
hollowed out to correspond to the curvature of the former.
A projecting guard-plate gently depresses the needles lo bring
the points in more certain contact with the stone. The grind-
stones, which are driven independently, and have special
modes of adjustment, are two in number, one on either side
of the wheel, so that both ends of the wire are sharpened.
When the operation is complete the eyes are punched out, and
the needles are finished in the usual way. We are not aware
whether Ledsam and Junes's machine was ever used, but its
main features have been reproduced in that now generally
employed, which is, however, not entirely self-acting, the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mabch 1, 1881.

rotation of the wires being imparted by the fingers of the
grinder.

A most important invention was patented in 1839 by Abel
Morrall, a Studley needle-maker, for burnishing the eyes of
needles by threading them upon a roughened steel wire
stretched in a frame and caused to revolve, or to move back-
wards and forwards. The needles are thus made to vibrate
upon the wire in every direction, and the eyes effectually
cleared from all roughness. This very valuable patent was
shortly afterwards purchased by Messrs. Bartleet, of Eedditch,
and the use of " string or cord," which the inventor thought
might also serve as well as wire, was disclaimed by them in
1841. An attempt was made by a league of twelve rival
manufacturers to set the patent aside by a scire facias, but the
proceedings were unsuccessful, and the patent was held to be
valid. The effect of the introduction by Messrs. Bartleet of
the oval-eyed needles perfected by this machine has doubtless
been to cause the eyes of needles generally to be made larger
than they formeily were, to the great convenience of the
majority of persons who use them. Up to that time there were
no means of making the eyes perfectly smooth, except in the
case of round eyed needles, and even they were benefited by
the use of the burnishing machine. But it is still a question
if any needle is so good in use as one with a perfect round eye,
carefully drilled, and then burnished by the best method
known in the trade.

In 1841, Luke Herbert, a consulting engineer and patent
agent, then residing in Birmingham, took out a patent for a
machine which was a palpable imitation of Morrall's. Herbert
proposed to string the needles on a roughed wire, as in the
former machine, but the needles were to be firmly held in a
clamp whilst the wire was drawn backwards and forwards
through the eyes. The plan failed in practice, as might have
been foretold, for it did not produce the right kind of action
upon the eye. — Furniture Gazette.

DEATH OP ME. MTEON PEEEY.

This gentleman, who died on the 3rd of January last, was
well known and respected amongst the American sewing
machine trade. We append the following account of this
gentleman's career and death, which has appeared in the Neiv
York Sewing Machine News : —

A few mornings after Mr. Perry's death, which occurred on
January 3rd, 1881, a clerk in one of our large stores was
found in tears by his employer. Inquiring the cause, the
answer was, "I have lost my best friend: Myron Perry is
dead !" The general sentiment could not be better expressed
than in this answer. To many men, in many lands, the tidmgs
of his decease will be sad.

Mr. Perry came of a good old Connecticut stock, being
descended in a direct line from one of three brothers, who
came from England about the year 1635. One settled in
Ehode Island, another in Fairfield county, and the third, his
ancestor, in Windham county. Conn. His mother was a
Childs, daughter of Elias Childs, a distinguished man at the
beginning of the century, as proprietor of a large estate at
Woodstock, Conn., where he carried on extensive business of
various kinds. In that town the subject of this sketch was
born April 24th, 1828.

His boyhood and youth were passed in that section, where
he is still remembered with respectful interest by those who
grew up with him, and watched the traits of disposition that
made him what he was. His business life began in a store in
Manchester when he was only thirteen years of age. He
■. afterwards acted as clerk and bookkeeper in several stores and
manufactories at Plymouth, Watertown, and Waterbury. In
the year 1856 he became cashier of the Wheeler and Wilson
Manufacturing Co., or rather of Nathaniel Wheeler, Alanson
Warren, Geo. T. Woodruff, and Allen B. Wilson, origmal
founders of that company, in whose service he died. In that
position of responsibility and trust, he necessarily came in
contact with manj' persons of all degrees in life — employers,
agents, directors, stockholders, inventors, customers, manufac-
turers, representatives of rival and hostile interests ; and from

all that vast number, what man or woman ever named him but
to praise ?

To some, he was the faithful servant ; to others, the genial,
generous friend ; to some, the warning finger and the helping
hand. To others, a staff in trouble, and a cup bearer of com-
fort, when comfort was most needed. To all, he was the
honest, social and kindly man — the one to whom each went
for a favour, sure that he would not refuse, unless duty sternly
compelled ; and even then, so charitable and sympathetic was
his nature, the chances were that he might be generous before
he was just.

No man was ever followed to his rest by a more sincere
body of mourners. Eelatives there were but few. His elder
brother, for many years the superintendent of the Wheeler
and Wilson manufactory, and his son, also in the same em-
ploy, represented about all of his immediate kin; his wife,
whom all remember for many graces of person and heart,
having died some five years since.

But there were brothers there, though not of his name, and
sisters too ; and more than one felt towards and looked up to
him as to a father. There were companions who had shared
with him the chances of early ventures, who had braved defeat
and tasted success with him — managers of great enterprises in
which he participated, his fellow worshippers for twenty years,
and the young whom he had taught in the rudiments of their
calling, and recommended and placed. To each came a pri-
vate and particular, perhaps to some a secret, reason to
remember him, and to feel a personal loss, not likely ever to
be made good. But of the many incidents of which mention
was made to his credit and in his praise, perhaps none would
be more pleasing to him than the reference to his fondness for
dumb animals, which was one of the marked traits in his
character, as exemplified in his death.

The qualities for which tie was appreciated are the ones by
which he will be best remembered. First shoxild he mentioned
his unswerving fidelity, at all times and in all places, to what-
ever cause he espoused — whether in the more important con-
cerns of business, the labour of kindness to friendship given,
the deed of charity undertaken for the humble and lowly, or
the disinterested tribute of attention and care to seme suffering
animal. He knew neither weariness nor discouragement,
until the task was ended which he had set himself to do. Dis-
interestedness was as natural as the breath he drew. His
quick sympathy enlisted him in every object that appealed to
his high sense of justice, and called for a display of that moral
courage which is the best test of nobility in a man. He never
shrank from the expression of a conviction because it was not
popular ; he never dallied with a folly because its victims
stood in high places or wielded the influences of power among
the rich and prosperous.

Eminently was he a man of affairs, burdened beyond his
strength with engrossing duties ; and yet he had an ear ever
open to any call, coming in the name of those who had claim
to his thought and care. He will be misssed as those are.
missed whose place is not to be made good. His memory will
be cherished as ever lives the thought of those whom to have
known was an honour and pleasure. An honour, because, if
a man is to be judged by the company he keeps, no more
manly and honourable, straightforward and brave associate
could be found. A pleasure, because to his lips sarcasm was a
stranger. To his heart, malice, envy and hate were things
unknown ; whUe the gentler graces and amenities of life
found there a home so natural and cultured, so constant, that
they shed about him the perpetual aroma of a Christian spirit,
so utterly without pretence that it unconsciously attracted
and endeared.

In the death of Myron Perry, the Wheeler and Wilson Com-
pany lose one of its most faithful co-workers, and the sewing
machine fraternity one of its brightest ornaments. A man
who was loved and respected by all who knew him. A genial
soul, but positive in his business relations, and a man who
knew how to treat those employed under him— as well as his
equals. His memory wiU long be revered and cherished by
the Wheeler and Wilson Company, and their employes.
Eequiscat inpace.

Maech 1, 188i. THE SEWING MlCSlNE GAZETTE AND JOtJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

OMASS

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PART SUPPLIED IN VAEIOITS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

Kone hut the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROK, BEST BEST GUM, S^c., Sre.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,

BELLS, tScc, &0.

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :— Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALERS ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOR WHOLESALE TERMS

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MAEOft 1, 1881.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

H
CQ

I V
s ^
1 ^

M
o

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJ^CHESTEB

1 1.J

CN 1

Co 1

"-W

CO .

111

-=c :^

~fe II

MAN

ERLI

1 i

°3

kgr

1
^

-si:

^ 1

(/)

=%^

ET & S

fe -< ^

IJRREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Doutile Sec-
tion Hollow
Eims,18s.6d
per pair.

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market.

~Kj^ ^S^.

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D S.H.E. Eacer is the lisMest aDd most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

sa, BX.A.c:K::ivi:^A-isr st- XiOJ^iPOisr.

INDIARUBBEE BICYCLE and CAEKIAGE TYRES of ererj description kept
in stock, and supplied by return, ludiarubber Air Saddles, 7s. 6d.. post tree
All kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or finish. Uustrated Price
List 1 Stamp. Smith & Co., Indiaruhbor Manufacturers, 87, Blackman-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium IVIachine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPEOVEMENTS.

ALSO MAIfUFACTUEERS OF THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Princiijle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

ESTABLISHED 1851.

BIRKBUGK BANK,

SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS. CHANCERY LANE.

Current Accounts opened according to the usual practice of
other Banters, and Interest allowed on the minimum monthly
balances when not drawn below £25. No commission charged
for keeping Accotints.

The Bank also receives money on Deposit at Three per cent,
Interest, repayable on demand.

The Bank undertakes for its Customers, free of charge, the
custody of Deeds, Writings, and other Securities and Valua- .
bles ; the collection of Bills of Exchange, Dividends, and
Coupons ; and the purchase and sale of Stocks and Shares.

Letters of Credit and Circular Notes issued.

A Pamphlet, with full particulars, on application.

FRANCIS EAVENSCROPT, Manager
Zist March, 1880.

THE

BIRKBEGK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR IVIILLIONS.

How to purchase a House for Two
Guineas per month.

With Immediate Possession and no Rent to pay. — Apply at
the Olfice of the BiRinjECK Building Society.

How to purchase a Plot of Land for
Five Shillings per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
purposes. Apply at the OfiBce of the Blrkbeck Freehold
Land Societt.

A Pamphlet with full particulars, on application.

Francis Ravenscroft, Manager.
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

EDFER

(&M,ccessor to L. De Fontainemoremi Sf Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBTJBY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £1; Belgian, .£8;

German, ^10 10s. ; United States, ^£17 10s. Designs and Trade

Marks Registered. Circular gratis on application.

Mabcs 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE"BISSCH0P"6ASEiyGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator. Tl ill ttart at a moment's notice.

„ r°™- ~ flT'o

OneMan •■ '^a n n

One-and-a-haUMan 30 0 0

TwoMan 50 0 n

rourMan 50 0 0

<
P-i
W

m
>

w
u

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

TXiE

P>EEPIXjBSS'=

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America

"«

O '^
« CQ

t^
% H

W
H

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G.;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

j(^ a- E3iTTS "W^IT T E ID .

P
p.

H
i-i
so

OILS.

IMPERIAL SEWESTG MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CETSTAL SPERM SEWINa MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
"SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY-

In all its branches.

SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TURING Co.

Manufacturers of the "WALKER WASHER" and
DOMINION WRINGER.

IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING
MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.

Lists oe Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s,, OR WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortniglit's FaDiily
"Wash in Four Hours, without rub-
bing OR BOILING, as certified by
thousands of delighted purchasers
It is easy to work, easily under
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not injure the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only Wash*
ing Machine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecessary, and
saves five or sL-t hours of copper
firing each washing day. The Five-
Guinea "Villa" Washer possesses
tremendous washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - haudkercliiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
horn- ; Z\ dozen shii-ts per hour ; 1^
dozen sheets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, cmi;ains, &c., in
proportion. Such success ia un-
pai-alleled! Illustrated Pi'OspectuseS
and Export Quotations post free o*

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LAl'SDRT EXGIXEEE AND MACHINIST,

80, FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

AGENTS WANTED.

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's "Paragon"
Washing Machine.

38 THE SEWING is^. iIINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Maech 1. 1881.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT). (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all others. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply marvellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary copper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, and it then, by
a weU-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Machine and is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

'^TH ElfTEY TEIUMPH '' BICYCLES & TRICYCLES.

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

ESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India i Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and TWoycles

actures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW. WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTUIIEES OF THE '* EXPRESS '' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

BY ROYAL ^^mllWv LETTERS PATENT.

THE -DESIDERATUM" BICYCLE,

PATENT SELF-ADJUSTING STANLEY HEAD (which cannot get out

of order).
PATENT NON-CORROSIVE SPOKES.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE ROLLER, or Ball Bearings.
IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE STEP.
IMPROVED DUSTPROOF CONED BEARINGS to Back Wheel & Fed

"Few makes are now better known than the "Desideratum"; certainly we have received more inq
«:oncerning it than any other Machine, and although a large number of our readers must be mounted on this stee
Aave never yel heard a single complaint regarding it.—" Vide Bicycles of the year 1878.

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS

HARRINGTON & CO.,

STEWART STREET, WOLVERHAMPTON.

Descriptive Price Lists on application. Agents wanted in Towns where not represen

MiLRCH 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

IN BROWNE

H ^.

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNT! can refer to customers whom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of whom have
eKpr<ts8&i the (greatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportiou to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability ia studied, the reason of the
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &c., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, u.© -^an offer an equally good instrument at a much lower figure*

CATALOGOES OF DESIGNS AND PRSGES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

PIANOFORTE MANUFAGTUREIt

237 & 239. EUSTON ROAT), LONDON, ENGLAND.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Mabch 1, 1881.

Fiiilayson,Boiisfiel(l& Go.'s

WAX
MACHINE THREADS

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

GABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

AKE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE.

LONDON; N.B.^FMaysoii, Bousfleld, and ^^^

Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

1851;

1865.

JOHNSTONE,— ClASGOW.

Friatsd for the Fropri«ton, and Published by them at 11, Ats Maria Laae. in the City of Lsndon

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTie APPLIANCES.
MARCH H^ 1881.

FURLONG'S

PAT ENT

SHIRT COLLAR & CUFF IROOTNG & POLISHING

MACHINE.

Jo^cs t- CurtfsejtrsoAf^

.% l/rn£ 7?fM/ryZAM£.

I»

^ .l^'t/

Vol. IX. No, 125.

APRIL 1. 1881

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBARTM^M ASTER & CO.,

^"^ GILFORD, IRELAND,

f^^tn^m Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR IVACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

HOLMES, PEARSON, MIDGLEY & CO.,

MANUFACTUREHtl OV

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRl/17 DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

• Price List on Application.
SPECIAL TERMS TO .MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.
ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in conBtruction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 'J-2 inches, £o 1"6. Rollers with Brass Caps.

THE SEWIKG MACHINE eAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Apbil 1, J 881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Domestic Labour-Saving Machinery Exhibition 19 to 26

Leaders 28 and 29

Press Notices on the Exhibition of Domestic Labour-Saving

Appliances, 181 1 31 to 36

The Bickford Automatic Family Knitter 36

Law '. 3b to 38

Patents :.8

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Devey, Joseph & Co 41

Harrington & Co 38

HUlman, Herbert & Cooper 16

Smith, Thomas & Sons 30

Surrey Machinists Co 40

Warman, Laxon & Co 41

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 10

Bown, W 44

Devey, Joseph & Co 38

Smith, Thomas & Sons 30

Warwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Warwick, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery Manufacturers:

Blalce and Goodyear Company 11

Howe Machine Co., Limited 17

Button Hole Machines :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Company 10

Fork Cleaning Machine :

Hutchinson 81 Co 2"

Gas Engine Makers .■

Andrew, J. E. H ~cj

Crossley Brothers i S

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J n

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Publications :

Urquhart on the Sewing Machine 26

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Evans, Walter & Co 14

Raworth, John T i

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co. 13

Bown, W q

Daville, R. S. & Co '.'.....'.'.'.'.[['.'. 37

Manasse, Max .0

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Gritzner & Co y

Holroyd, J ji

Howe Machine Company, Limited 8

Junker &: Ruh 10

Mothersill, R ....'.....'. 41

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) „

Rennick, Kemsley & Co .*.'!.'.!.'.'.'.'. 25

Singer Manufacturing Company ... " i c

Tburlow, Chiirles .'.".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' .'.".'.','.'.".' 40

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited ....!!.*.".'.'..!! 18

Watson Si Co 1 1 .q

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co .'...!!.'.'!!!! 6

White Sewing Machine Company . j

Wright, G. E .....!.'.!'.'.'.'.'..'.'.'!".".'.'■"

40-

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Ariston Oil Company „

Bishop's Cluster Company
Daville & Co

10
39

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company ,0

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co j,

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co !!!!!!. !.'!!'.'..'. i

Evans, Walter, & Co !'.!!,'.".".' '8

■■ ■ I2r

Finlavson, Bousfield & Co.
Marshall & Co.

Trade PROTECTroN Societies :
Stubbs' Mercantile Offices . .

Washing M.achine Manufacturers :

Holmes, Pearson, Midgley, & Co ,

Twelvetrees, Harper ' ' " -J j'«, •,„

Theobald, E ] " '. I?

Wolstencroft & Co ",' t,

Whitley & Co ■•••-.'! 1 ..'.".'.!!!.'!! !

Ta\lor & AVilson \

Taylor, F. D

27
39'

SCALE OF CHAEGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page ^4 0 0 per insertion

Half „ 2 2 0

One Third Page 18 0

Quarter „ 12 0

One Sixth „ 0 15 0 „

One Eighth „ 0 12 0

The above Scale of Charges will be snbject to a discount
of 10 per cent, upon Six and 20 per cent, upon Twelve
insertions.

Seven Lines and under 0 2 6

For every additional 0 0 6

j^dverti semen ts of Assistants Wanting Situations (not
exceeding 18 words) inserted at a nominal charge of Is,.

APL!

\ri

im: o a- X Xj Xj ' s

PATENT SIWSLESTeeKE „.„...

Secwred by Royal Letters Patent, No. 756, 25tt Feb., 1879.

MOW Cards, &c., McGill 3 Patent Staple Fasteners and .staple Suspendinff Eina-s wUl be found mt
SrUv "'^^f^:v±^TP^', ""l'' T'''"' '"'S"" 1""P"»^ in'te.id.d^thatSau be a^lM a, ",-
S, A =,S ^f.„?f'^f''fi,*'°'''''"f' V^" "'"P'^ 3^''-«'"^ autumatioaUy inserts these Fasteners and
Emgs. A ^/"£«=tr°l^e of the operator's hand upon the Plunger of the Press will instantaneonslv
inseit and clinch the Staple or Ring, m the articles to be bound or suspended.

Also McGill's Patent American Paper Pa?teners, Binders, Suspending « a

Einffs and Braces, Picture Hangers, &c., cheaper and superior to any 5„„ie s„.nend.

other make. ^'^^1 eS^
___ 6s. per 1000-

eueopean agent.?—

F. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, E.G.

■wholesale only. discount to expoetees.
Illustrated Catalogue and Price List on Application.

staple Fastener.
5s. per 1000..

ApBit. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for

all work.

12 various

styles.

Every machine
"Warranted for

TTTl^TP I ^ years. Legal
in£;iix| guarantee.

AHRIBUTES,

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGEjNTS.

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, Loudon, E.G.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUFAGMI

MPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold in the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.

THE GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is atiributable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch,

AND FOE THEIR

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

fi:om

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

&om

£4 Os.,

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be -without one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Sev/ing. So simple, a

child can v/ork them.

SIANTTFACTTTRERS should see the
Manufacturing machines !

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Oiifices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Coxmting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

823 Branch Ofiaces in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

14?, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, Southwark Park Eoad. S.E.

878, Clapham Eoad, S,W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eoad,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North End, Croydon, S.E.

April 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SINGE

COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

IMZ^l^sTTJIPJ^CTTJiE^EI^S OIF*

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapside, E.O. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camaec Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bennondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 27S, Clapham Road, S.AV. ; H4,Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. {comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathboue Street. BarkiD^ Road, Canning Town, E. • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Creenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLANB.

A.ccriiig:ton, 9, Peel-street
iVldershot, Victoria-road
A-lfreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church- street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow- in -Fumess, 11, Dalkeith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batlcy, Commerci^-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bi<;hop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, "Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport -street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics* Instit.
Briiintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Briahton, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Keut), 18. High-street
Burnley, lUI, St. James'-street
Burton-on-Trent, 76. Guild-street
Bury -St. -Edmunds, 7 0, St. John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Chfltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester. 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldga.
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorlcy, 50, Clifford -street
CMfckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, ?-0, Wellgate
Cunlville, Station-street.
C-lchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Cfilne 'Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7. Mill-street
CovrsCry, 1 2, Fleet-street (op.

Bablake Ohurch)
Crewe, 67, Nantwich-road
Darlington, 10, Prebcni-row
bartlord, 18, High-stre4l

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36. Park-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy-hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas {Isle of Man), 5, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich*-road
Dudley, 217, "Wolverhampton-at.
Durham, 3, Neville-street i

Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office}
■Rcclee, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, "Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freemac-^tre^it
Guernsey, 17, Smith-street
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 53, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, "Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heckmondwike, 2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station- street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Ht rtford, Forden House, "Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "WTiitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, Wildman-street

Maldon, High-street |

(105, Ma'ket-street|
Manchester J 132, Cheerham-hill;
( 438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, Hiu-h-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshire-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
MidiUesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, "W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-'
street I

Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street I
Newport(I of "Wight).91,Pyle-st.l
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market -square
Northwich, 17, "Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, "Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
PlSTnouth, 3, Bank of Fngland-pl,
Pontefract, 11, Now Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-s'creet (op-

posi'ie Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstail, Bank -street
Reading, 61. London-street
Red Hill, High-street

ICidderminster, Rull Ring

Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor- Retford, 3. Grove-street

ner of Penny-stroet) ( Ripley, Market-place

Leamington, 38. "Windsor-street | I.ipon, 1, Blossomgate

Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester. 44. Granby-street
Lewes, 1G4, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longtoa (Staffs.). 12. Market-ter

Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham, 109, Main-street
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, Hish-strcet
Ryde (Isle of Wights 78, TJnion-st.

Loughborough, 44, Market-place Saffron Walden. Church-street
Lowestoft, 123, Hit:h-street ■ Salisbury, 56, Fish'?rvjn-strcet

Luton, 32. Park-street ^ ' Salford, 4, Cross-.ar.c and 100,

Lynn. 9, Norfolk-street i Regent-road

Maiditoy , 8, King-st*-"*) i Scarborongh, 30, Huntrisj-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkcate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingborue, 64. Hitrh-street
Southampton, 105, Ifigh-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-strfct
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6' - Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon. 19, "V^-'^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station c'reet
Swindon, 52. Regent-street
Tamworth. 54. Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-Street
Truro, 13, Vietoria-place
Tunbridge "Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-sti'cet
"Wakelield, 9, Kirkgate
"Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
"Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
Watford , ', Queen' s-r oad
Wednesbury, 67, "Union- street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street'
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth. North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles-street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
"Tork, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market-hall
Builth, irigh-,-treet
Cardiff, 5, Queen-stret<t
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgclly, Market-hall
Mertliyr, I, Victoria-street
Ni,wtown. Market-hall
Puntvjvool. Market-hall
Pontypridd. Market- hall
&waxLsca, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17. Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Prince s-strpot
Elirin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street f
Gala^shiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackball -ft
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, IIigh-'*rcet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-stree*.
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbai ton-road
Perth, G4, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-strcet
Thurso, Princes-street
IRELAND.
Armagh, 2, Ogle-street
Athlone, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-rt.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork. 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. Qeorge's-Btree(
Dublin, 69, Graf ton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 1% High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domnick-street
KilnisK. Moore-strcet
Kingstown, 65^ Lower Cre-3rge.«t
Limerick, 31, Patrick-street
Londonderry, 1. Carlisle-road
MuUingar, Gre\'illc-street
Navan, Trimgate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Quecnstown, Harbour-row
S]igi>, 45, Knox-street
Tralee. 40. Bridge-street
Waterford, 124, Quay
Wexford, SelEkar-«ttMt.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

THE

ONLy
"GRAND

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from ^85 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for whicli the "GKAND PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work „
Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work „

IfO. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, &c , ,,

The "Well-known Original Family and. Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & 3 • •■• • .Prices, £6 lOs., £7 lOs.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Haad Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, complete, £5 6s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars^ Poet Free,

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London, Chief OfBce, 21, Qusen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
BrightdB, 163, North Street.
Bristol. 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Waloot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, Wast Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Eoad.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester, 131, Market Stfeet.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 67, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
DubUn, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street,
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street,
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

itaiL 1, 1881

THE SEWma MACHliSTE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets.

ermany.

■3. 2
- o

o c

•a

3
O
u

5 1

a
o

01 o

V. ->i

•a oi
u <!

rt z O
S '-'

•^ *^

O rt

"o
Fig. A.
OPEN

Chair
Withdrawn.

•'■'i' -flSa

r-l

r-^

2.
3'

CfC!

CD
0.

3
CD
f-^

rti

►O

tfl

3-
0

3
0

2t
5*

h-t.

(T)

(K?

-^^^-=r, t,ri^

TO SE^sATIiLTG- nyL^A-OHIIIsrE r)E.A.LEi^S,

C3- PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

TT CD —
• < 3

i-t O

Fig. B.
LOCKED

Chair and
Sewing Ma-
chine within

Furnished

^ Delivered with complete treadle movement free in Loudon at prices but Httle above thoso

I Tf/lBi "~~ ..^ for usual iron stands with table and cover.

I I lUN ft A Hlhlrf " — •*— — ^- Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-
'■ ^HUlnh i PiiVF' tSr -»—_.___peafl, and highly ornamented in hard painting by special

' — " W/IOC WlTU fiSlei ~-~-.»..„_^ artistB. All n-,a hiues with loose wheel

for aU systems of machines —- ^ ZL^Zmj Mff A/OrniTTTTr—

Very useful. More solid than iron stands. ""■"" — ........^^^^^'WlU/lf I /{qIP

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Exhibitions. _

Novel I
Cheap !
Solid r
Elegant!

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBITION

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

TflE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Apbil 1, ISsi.

HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe MacMne Company,

EXPEESSLT rOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HAENESS MAKEES,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED POR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

TloweringMacliine (with patent vibrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

I Brancli Offices and Agencies in every Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj Work. FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company,

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

FOR SEWING

MACHINES.

TSADE UABE.

WALTER EVANS & CO.,

EVANS'S SUPERIOR SIX CORD SEWING COTTON, ON SPOOLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED

ALSO

Superior Six-Cord Crochet Cotton, on Spools, in Skeins, and in Balls, for Sewing, Knitting, and Crochet, which

is especially recommended for all "first-class Crochet Work; " also for Guipure d'Art and Point Lace.
Maltese Thread, in Balls, White, Black, and Colors
Tatting Cotton, on Spools.

Patent Glace Thread, in White, Black, and Cotors, on Spools and Cards.
Two and Three Cord Sewings, on Spools, soft finish.
Sewings, in Balls.
Embroidering, Knitting, Mending, Cotton Cords, and Small Gords.

1862.

London Ezbibitioll Prize Medal,
awarded " for very strong *
most inperior tliread."

1867.

Paris Universal £xhil)itiou
Gold Kedal.

1873.

Vienna First Class Medal
" for Frogreas."

1878.

Paris tTniversal Ezhlbltloo,
Silver Modal.

Apeil 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled exeeUence.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal faciUty, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATING BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BBONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms oifered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomlinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION. — James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
pUed with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT "Household"
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is exceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every kind of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
ment;, — loose wheel, and (Registered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers,

-A-OEItTTS ■S^-A.3SrTEID.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL,

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863.

tba.de

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ApBiL 1, 1881.

MAEK

ANNUAL PRODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

PROPER IRION FOUNDRY.

riBST PRIZES AT DIFFEKENT EXHIBITIONS.

TEADE

ORIGINAL RHENANIA,

Cneivalled Splendid
HAND

SEWING
MACHINE.

ORIGINAL FIDELITAS,

Best Family

SEWING
MACHINE

TBADE

MAEK

SYSTEM,
GROVER& BAKER

No. 19.

Sewing
Machine

FOR TRADE,

ORIGINAL BADENIA,
HEAVY STRONG

m. SEWING
■MACHINES

FOR TRADE.

MAEK

^^^^^ Sewing Mac

^(ElfFf^ CARLSEU

JUNKER

Sewing Machine Manufactory,

lUHE (Germany).

f TRADE

THE LARGEST

M,\EK

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

Warehouse.

[Machine "Belt" 1 W g Oil
Manufacturers. Afg^ Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &c.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

PHce Lists li^ee. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMI:N^GHAM.

Apeil 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinefy Awarded at the
Paris Exposition was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

LIMITED,

A &EEAT VAEIETY OF MACHmEEI

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

• EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTING,

RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self- Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION.

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets «& Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES A^^D IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

IP Sl^REET, LONBON, E.a

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Apeil 1, 1881.

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading- users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS E¥ER MA0I

LONDON; N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and ^^

Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

Exhibition.

1851;

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

LASG

NBAE

AfBiL 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHnJE GAZETTE AND JOtTRNAL OF DOMEjsTIC APPLIANCES.

/lEDAL FOR MERIT

MCDtL per) HEQl

ESTABXISBLED 17 5 2

^ ^--^^^^^\,^

x-.«&-<«^-^

""^^gsr-

,J "^

iwiii iiffii piiiPiif iiiii
PlISL

SI > Si td

H< Q Q Q

O td O

Oh h

O H *^ H

H O O O

H 12« H Szi

O • H »

t?! O

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

EST A B LI 9 ""-D 1759.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY

SECUEED BY
KOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and moat economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear of linen
cansed by present modes. Things to be washed only requii'e to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once.

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards; no turning or pushing mnchiuG
handles; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVEilTON, Spriiii^field Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of July, page 68 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUR OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

S14, Lichfield Hoad, Aston, Biriningliam.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOIJRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Apeil 1, 1881.

Sjdnej Exhibition.

PRIZE
MEDAL

A WA RD S

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 153 Gold and Silver Medals and First Frizes.

THE ANNUAL SCALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made fi-om tlie best materials, tborougbly seasoned, and are all fitted with om
well-known patents and appliances, wliicli cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR

AVILSON.

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accring'ton.

April 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACSlNE GAZETTE AND JOTTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 15

ESTABLISHED 1836.

S' MERCAI^TILE OFFIOES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., L0:N^D0N, E.C!

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF

For IRELAND.

(■DUBLIN— 21, College Green.
( BELFAST— 55, Victoria Strefi.

OFFICES

For SCOTLAND.

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
( EDINBURGH— 4, Cockburr. Street.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH-85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD— 86, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street.

DISTRICT OFFICES :

GLOUCESTER— 6, CoUege Conit.
LEEDS— 1, Eas* Parade.
LIVI- BPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER- 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.
With Agents and Correspondents throughout the Khigdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United Statiis of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London.

BIRMINGHAM-.2&, Exchange Buildings,
BRA DFOBD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street,
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South Mall.

BELFAST— The Northern Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bank op England.
DUBLIN— Thk National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The NATIONAL BANK OP SCOTLAND.

GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bank op Liverpool.
MANCHESTER— Manchester and Salford Bane.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agenci-a, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants.
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

T£3R,3VCS OF SXTBSCRIFTIOKr

(Except for pneciid Service .and Financial Departments, in which the Eates will be (ixed by Agreement according to the
circumstances.) One, Two, Three, and FrvE Guineas, according to requirements.
PROSPECTUSES GIVING PULL PARTICULAKS ON APPLICATION.

O ^TJT I O IT.

There It no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of

King St., opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtlENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. ApbiL 1, 1881

London : 97, Clieapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OF THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

BlUHAN HERBERT &CQaPCft
MAKERS.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HTTB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

^"cS

On the "D.H F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

Please send anotlier large size "Cooper's Patent" Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — ^Tours truly, W. Tatteesfield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Tours truly, H. Kevell Eetnolds, jun., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eetell Ebtnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eeynolds, L.B.C.

All Communications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

Apbii. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

TIN

OWNE

h-j

1 "^

.-3

CJ>

CZ3

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROW NT; can refer to customers whom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of whom have
expr-issei the f leatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to (he quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and dnrabUity is studied, the reason of the
difference being- that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, dice, which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, ite lan offer an equally good instrument at a much lower figxire.

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS A^^D PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

lANOFORTE

237 & S39, EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, ENGLAND.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTIENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Apeil 1. 1881.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVERAGE BEONTHIiY DiKIiIVEKY (includine' Continental) OVER 180 ENGINESt

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT REPLACING STEAM ENaiNES PEOM 1 to 40 HOESE POWEE IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great llarlbro' St., Gloster St.,
MANCHESIEa.

CROSSLET.BROTHERS,

LONDON HOUSE:

U0, Queen 'Viotoria Street, E.O,
LONDON.

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

i 1^ ^<^i

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, whereve." Exhibited.

THE NEW " LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s.

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitcb
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER "E" Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of all kinds
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTIKG AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. T/u
only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER ''A"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of ttie Age.

It combines all the known advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Quineas complete.

The Wanzer Sewi/ig Machine Company j

L I Xd: I T E D ,

Chief Ofiace— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

April 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIiNOES.

Held at the Agricultural Hall, London, March 7th to 26th, 1881.

EYOND all doubt this Exhibition has proved a

success. It has been well attended by visitors

of all classes, my lord and my lady arriving

in their carriage and pair have visited the

Exhibition in the afternoons ; while in the

evening the woriing-classes have thronged

there in great numbeis to learn domestic

economy and household thrift. The spacious

Agricultural Hall was well filled with stalls, and

presented a very sttractive appearance. The centre

piece was the exhibits of

MR. GEORGE KENT, High Holborn, W.C.

This was a square substantial erection of knife-cleaners
and other domestic articles, such as Kent's patent ventilated
ice safes, ventilated refrigerators, hotel safes, churns, jelly
strainers, mincing machines, bread cutters, potato mashers
and bread graters, marmalade cutters, whisks and mixing
machines, egg beaters and egg mixers, apple parers, vegetable
cutters, portable filters, bread makers, cinder sifter and dust
bins, carpet sweepers, washing machines, &c., &c. Their
combined cinder sifter and dust bin separates the ashes from
the cinders without the least dust or dirt escaping, while the
cinders are actually deposited in a coal scuttle. We noticed
their family ice safe ; it occupies small space, and the top of
it can be used as a sideboard. Through the glass door of one
of these safes we saw, in a perfect state of preservation, a
shoulder of mutton, and various kinds of vegetables, which we
were informed had been ttiere nine months. We must compli-
ment Mr. G. Kent on the admirable arrangement of his stand,
which was seen to equal advantage from any point of view,
and high over which was conspicuously placed the well-known
word " Kent." Having thus said a few words about the
centre-piece, we shall proceed to describe the exhibits in the
order of trades rather than that in which the visitor found
them in the Hall. Amongst the exhibitors of sewing machines
were

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

Foster Lane, Cheapside, E.G.

This firm, who occupied a good position near the Islington
entrance, made one of the most interesting exhibits in the
show. We first noticed their button-hole machine. In
working this machine the garment is held ilrmly and
securely in its place by means of an improved steel clamp
tittid with expandmg jaws, operated on by means of a steel
eccentric. The hole is cut by an improved contrivance in form
of a hammer, having the knife or cutter fixed in the head,
and flttbd with a limb passing through the bed of the machine,
and connecting, by means of a hook, to a horizontal shaft
beneath the table, the shaft being furnished with a cam for
raising the cutting brass to meet the knife on its down stroke.
The shaft is also furnished with two n-on handles, firmly fixtd
to it ; by griping the handles firmly and raising them four
inches, the hammer descends with great force, and perforates
the garment. The looper, or under needle, is also very much
improved, it being jointed to the lever so as to enable the
operator to thread up the more quickly and readily. This
luachiue was admired by hundreds of interested visitors, and

pronounced by them to be a masterpiece of mechanical
ingenuity and skill in point of finish, &c.

They also exhibited the new arm machine, suitable for the
leather trade, more especially for the making and repairing of
boots and shoes, Gladstone bags, &c. This machine is
another specimen of mechanical ingenuity and skill in its
highest perfection viz., simplicity of construction, evenly
balanced working parts, combined with elegance and dura-
bility. The shuttle spool is round, and about the size of a
sixpence. The shuttle is constructed on the self-acting
principle, the tension being regulated by means of a small
screw on the upper side or sui-faoe, thereby enabling the
operator to adjust it without taking it out of the machine. It
has a long arm with a very small end, the needle hole being
planted very near the edge. The needle plate is held firmly in
its place by means of a spring pin or bolt, operated on by the
thumb of the worker. Another important feature is the
needle bar action. The top, or needle bar, lever is operated
on by means of a cam, firmly fixed to the horizontal shaft,
and supported between two check plates just in front of the
cam ; consequently the action is uniform throughout, having
no stroke or loose play to mar tha beauty of the stitch, which
is simply perfection. The cam is also furnished with two
speed grooves — fast and slow. The needle bar is extra stuut
and well supported. The shuttle lever is operated on by
means of a cam and rock lever fitted inside the arm of the
machine. The machine works well, no matter in what direc-
tion the goods are made to travel, either to, from, to the right
or left of the operator.

Their oscillat5ng spool machine was also exhibited. It is the
simplest and lightest running michine in the market. The
general action throughouD is oscillatmg; the freedom and ease
in working of this machine is truly remarkable, I,5U0 stitches
per minute can le readily given cut without undue exertion on
the part of the operator. The adjustment of thread, both top
and bottom, is on the self-threading principle, thereby efifecting
a great saving in time. There are two sizes of this machine,
family and medium, the former for the manufacture of light
goods, the medium, fitted with roll-presser, for leather ; both
sizes have special positive takes }ip, and form a pretty pearl-
1 ke stitch.

Another machine exhibited was the Singer fancy or
embroidery stitch machine, which is a veiy remarkable novelty.
This machine is designed to form eight difTt-rent stitches by
simply removing a cam and replacing it by another ; it is
very useful in ornamenting children's goods, smoking caps,
&c., &o., and by a judicious blending of colou:ed silk a very
pretty and novel effect may be produced. This machine had a
host of admirers.

Their small arm machine, family size, which they showed, is
designed to supply shirt, cap, underwear manufactuieis
and others, is simjjle in construction, strong in its various
parts, and is what is known as a top feed machine.

Amongst their exhibits was their new medium braiding
machine. The special fralure in this machine is a clutch
action, fitted with two levers lieneath the table, operated ou by
the knees of the worker ; a slight pressure to the left stops
the feed with the neeille in the goods, thereby enabling the
operator to turn shaip angles without removing her hands
fromthe work. This machine is designed for the use of mantle
and juvenile suit manufacturers. A machine for producing
an imitation cord on silk, cloth, felt, &c., was exhibited for the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881

use of manufacturers of mantles, costumes, skirts, &c. This
machine Las been in great demand, especially in London, in
the above branches, and has been highly successful.

We cannot speak too highly of their special patented self-
acting spool winder. This very ingenious device is simply
perfection, the cotton passing from the spool through a self-
threading guide or eyelet, the bobbin put in its place, and the
cotton secured with two or three turns round a thumb. The
machine is then started, and the cotton is evenly laid on by
means of a travelling tension, the ooUs being kept in uniform
position by means of a presser plate; when the spool contains
sufficient cotton the winder throws itself out of gear and stops.
These spools are more evenly wound than reels of cotton, and
contain 60 yards of No. 50 cotton. The last thing we noticed
was their self-threading shuttle. In this patented improve-
ment the holes drilled in former shuttles are entirely done
away with. It is fitted on the inner side with a spring or
guide, and the shuttle so shaped as to enable the operator to
lay the cotton in its place instantly, even in the darkest of
work rooms.

Also on their stand was a frilling and pleating attachment.
This is worked by means of a ratchet and spring pawl operating
on a cam, and taking its action from the upper part of the
needle-bar, and easily fixed in position by the lower face-plate
screw, it is made adjustable so as to produce pleating of various
widths ; it works well, and can be highly recommended.

THE HOWE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, 46 and
48, Queen Victoria-street.

First amongst their exhibits we noticed the Letter " A," for
family use, and a simi ar machine, pearled and sUver plated.
They also exhibited their Letter "B" machine, with step or
four motion feed, for mantle and light tailoring work ; the
same with wheel feed for boot making and general leather
work; their Letter " C," with step feed, which is adapted for
heavy cloth , but which will work on the finest materials ; and
the same machine, with wheel feed, for the manufacture of
men's boots, and for sewing the heavier kinds of leather. We
also saw the Letter " D," for heavy work, which can be used
either as an arm or platform machine, and the same with wax
thread cylinder for leather work — harness and saddler's use.
They also exhibited their Letter " E " universal feed and arm
machine, for making and repairing boots ; their Letter "F,"
light tailoring work; their Letter " G," new single thread
hand machine; and their Letter " H " hand shuttle machine,
which equals any for beauty and perfection of stitch.
Bicycles, kilting machines, and wiinging machines were
among their exhibits. Some excellent specimens of work done
on these machines were also exbibited.

THE WHEELER AND WILSON MANUFACTURING
CO., 21, Queen Victoria-street, E.C.

A very creditable exhibit was made by this firm. They
exhibited a number of sewing machines for family, leather,
cloth, and ornamental flowering purposes. Some splendid
specimens of ornamental fancy sketching were to be seen at
their stall, which attracted much attention from the " fair
sex." Also to be seen at their stall was a set of steam power
attachment for sewing machines.

THE WANZEE MACHINE CO. (LIMITED), 4, Great
Portland-street, W.

A number of improved machines were exhibited by this
film, which are fitted on many kinds of stands and tables.
That which attracted most attention on their stand was the
Wanzer patent kilter and baster. This machine is noiseless
in its action. The Wanzer 6-inch plaiter for families or
dressmakers, and the Fricker patent for shirt and trimming
manufacturers, were alsoexhibited. The ensemble of this stall
was very pretty and attractive.

MESSRS. EENNICK, KEMSLEY, AND CO.,
4, Finsbury-circus, E.C.

The light running Stanard sewing machine was exhibited
by this firm. This machine has a device whereby the bobbin
can be wound withovit running the machine, which saves un-

necessary wear of the machine, and the trouble of unthreading
and removing work and attachments while the bobbin is being
filled, a self-setting needle which cannot be set wrong, an auto-
matic tension which, when once properly regulated, will rarely
need to be changed, and as a general rule, the whole range of
family sewing can be done without any change of tension what-
ever; this result is obtained by nicely adjusted springs that
will accommodate themselves to the size of the thread used,
plenty of room underneath the arm, a dial for regulating the
length of stitch, which enables the operator to readily ascer-
tain the length of stitch without testing previous to com-
mencing work, a spring tension shuttle, holding a bobbin that
carries a large amount of thread, perfect adjustability in all
parts, so that "lost motion" from long usage can be easily
taken up. The feed has great power, and never fails to
perform its duty, will feed the lightest and heaviest goods with
equal precision, and will cross seams and hard places without
changing length of stitch or missing stitches. The self-acting
" take-up " permits the operator to use with equal facility the
finest to the coarsest thread manufactured, including linen or
silk thread, without chafing or breaking. This machine is
adapted for hemming, felling, binding, cording, braiding,
seaming, quilting, tucking, darning, fringing, rulBing, gather-
ing, hem-stitching, &c., &c., from the lightest muslins to the
heaviest cloths. It is remarkably simple, easy running (almost
noiseless), most elegantly oimamented ; all the parts are made
of the very best material, and case hardened. It is adapted
for the use of tailors, dressmakers, seamstresses, manufacturers
of clothing, shirts, skirts, corsets, ladies' boots, umbrellas, &c.
Th3y also exhibited the " Home Companion " and the" Home "
machine.

THE WILCOX AND GIBBS SEWING MACHINE CO.,
150, Cheapside, E.C.

This firm exhibited their hand machines and treadle
machines, old style and " automatic." They also showed their
silent machines, with self-acting tension, on walnut table,
with cover to lock complete ; and the same machine with
extra leaf to table and side drawers. Three straw-hat
machines were shown on their stand ; also the shirring or
running machine, which attracted much attention. They also
exhibited a Cornely embroidery machine and a Cornely cording
machine.

MESSRS. S. DAVIS AND CO., 15, Blackman-street, S.E.
On this stall was to be found a variety of sewing, washiug,
wringing, mangling, and knife-cleaning machines; also
bicycles, tricycles, perambulators, and Baker's patent box
mangles. Thus it will be seen Messrs. Davis are moving with
the times, and adding all kinds of domestic inventions to their
original sewing machine business.

MESSES. NEWTON, WILSON AND CO., 144, High
Holborn, W.C.

The Wilson Stylus, or Fountain Pencil Pen, which writes
with ink, but has the freedom of a lead pencil, was very largely
sold and exhibited by this firm. On their stand was also the
Horograph or clockwork pen, for producing facsimile copies
of writing or drawing. This firm also exhibited the Princess
of Wales' sewing machine with all its latest improvements, and
several kinds of kilting and washing machines.

BEADBURY and CO., LIMITED, Oldham,

Exhibited the new " Wilson " oscillating shuttle sevnng
machine, as made solely by them for the European market,
and patented 1878 and 1879. A marvellous combination of
simplicity, rapidity and noiselessness, very strong and light
runrdng. Also Bradbury and Co.'s improved family and
medium machines with patent shuttle and winder, double feed
and superior finish. Bradbury and Co.'s world-renowned A I
elastic machines, for repairing boots, &c., the " Shoemaker's
friend." Bradbury and Co.'s Wellington and family S hand
machines, with evei-y improvement. Bradbury and Co.'s
new patent Wellington kilting machine, kilts 10 in. wide,
rotary action.

AfBIL 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OE DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MESSRS. THOMAS and TAYLOR, Stockport.

Messrs. Thomas and Taylor, of Stockport, and 99, Fonthill-
road, N., exbibited their steam laundry machinery, which will
be of especial interest to those who are anxious to provide the
facilities requisite for the wasbinjj in large establishments,
such as hotels, hospitals, boarding schools and the like. And,
in the first place, it must be explained that thei-e is not the
remotest risk to life or limb by the use of these steam power
machines. The whole of the gearing is safely enclosed in a
look-up box, and is only accessible, therefore, to the person in
charge, thus doing away with any cause whatever for fear
fi-om the inadvertence of children or inexperienced persons.
Every householder, of whatever profession or trade, or what-
ever his position may be, can now be fitted up with perfect
washing and wringing machines, without any alteration of
premises. The machine, engine, and boiler are all self-con-
tained, requu'e no brick or stone work, and are so simple that
setting the machine to work is as easy as lighting an ordinary
boiler fire. Farmers and others, having already steam or
horse power on their premises, can have this power transmitted
into the laundry or dairy, to drive the washing machine or
churn, in a perfectly simple form, and without any danger or
unsightliness. This is an important consideration in these days
of strikes and dear labour, as with the patent machine the
whole of the washing, wringing, and mangling can be done in
a few hours. The waste steam, whei-e an engine is the driving
power, is utilised in boiling the water and clotLies, after
passing through the cylinder, thus effecting a considerable
saving of fuel.

MESSRS. WOLSTENCROFT and COMPAJSTY, 93, High
Holborn, W.C.

This firm exhibited their " Empire " washing machine. We
particularly noticed this machine, which did its work in an
expeditious and yet careful manner. They also showed the
" Premier " washer, and a large selection of knife cleaners,
sausage and mincing machines, egg-beaters, family weighing
machines, and a general assortment of domestic machinery.

MESSRS. WOOD and PARKINSON, laundry engineers and
machinists, Throstle-grove Mill, Stockport.

Messrs. Wood anl Parkinson exhibited several kinds of
washing, wringing, and mangling machines. We noticed
most especially their patent float washing machine, which will
certainly diminish the amount of wear that clothes are subject
to whilst being washed.

MESSRS. THOMAS GREEN and SON, LIMITED, 54 and 5-5,
Blackfriars-road, S.E.

This firm occupied a very large space for the exhibition of
their " Silens Messor " lawn mower, Green's patent washing,
wringing, and mangling machine, a patent sausage chopping
machine, garden rollers, and other articles. The patent
" Silens Messor " lawn mowers ara among the best extant;

motion of the tub, and the vacuum " posser " or plunger,
which acts without injuring any article. No. 5, Green's
patent steam power sausage chopping machine, 26-in. block,
new pattern, will chop SUUlbs. in 60 minutes. This machine is
specially designed for chopping lartre quantities of meat at one
operation, is simple in its arrangements, strong in its construc-
tion, and occupies comparatively little space. The hand garden
roller is made in two parts, bored and faced at the joints so
that it revolves and turns freely, and rounded at the outer
edges so as not to leave unsightly marks on the lawn or road.

THE HOUSEHOLD WASHING AND MANGLING
MACHINE COMPANY, 5, New-street, Bishopgate-street, E.G.,

Exhibited washers and mangles m&de chiefly by Messrs.
Summerscales and Sons, of Keighley.

HARPER TWELVETREES, 80, Finsbury-pavement, E.G.

The patent " Villa " washer with wringer was exhibited on
this stand, for doing a fortnight's family wash in four hours,
without rubbing or boiling ; it is simple, strong, and durable ;

' SILENS ME6S0E LAWN MOWER.

they have been submitted to numerous practical teats in public
competition, and in all cases have carried off eveiy prize that
has been given. Their washing machines are efficient and
expeditious ; they save much time, labour, and material, and
are easy to work. Their principal features are the revolving

occupies small ground space (24 inches square), has tremendous
washing power, notwithstanding it can be worked and managed
by a girl fourteen years old.

MR. J. CLEMENTS, 51, Great Rvissell-street, Bloomsbury,
London, W.C.,

Exhibited Clements's patent self-acting reversing rotatory
washing machine, working by steam ; also Clements's patent
centrifugal hdyro- extractor or wringing machine, and Jeakes's
patent smokeless slow combustion grate (once feeding lasts all
day).

MESSRS. JOHN M. BELL and CO., 494, Oxford-street, W.C.
This firm exhibited the well-known "Home" washer, the
new patent "Dolly " washer, an improved laundry stove, and
laundry requisites.

THE HIGHBURY SEWING MACHINE CO.
This firm exhibited a number of washing, sowing, and other
machines ; also bicycles and tricycles. They occupied a good
space, and made a good show.

MESSRS. RYAN and RYAN, 9 and 11, Imperial Arcade,

Ludgate-hill, London, E.G.,
Exhibited American washing machines, wringers and manglers,
and domestic novelties.

MR. A. LYON, 32, Windmill- street, Finsbury, E.G.,

Exhibited a number of mincing machines, cucumber cutters,
bread-cutting machines, &c. ; also a machine for s'lelling green
peas, which opens and shells from three to six po Is at the same
time.

MESSRS. SPONG and CO., 249, High Holborn, W.C.
This firm exhibited knife-cleaners, mincing, and aiusage

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

machines ; also a patent hair cutter for cutting your own
children's hair, a fountain washing machine, a patent water
tap filter, carpet sweeper, and other articles for domestic use,
altogether making a very creditable and interesting display.

THE CYCLE COMPAJSIY, 51, New Kent-road, S.E.,

Showed self-acting washers, reversible perambulators, and a
curtain tightner called the " Bimples," which is a cheap and
effective article for fastening muslin to window curtains,
always beeping them perfectly straight without injury to tape
or curtain.

MESSRS. NETTLEFOLD & SONS, 54, HighHolborn, W.C.,

Showed the " Coventry lawn mower," " the Coventry Zephyr"
bicycles and tricycles, horticultural tools, and other garden im-
plements.

MESSRS. HUTCHINSON, 51, Pann-street, Aldersgate-
street, E.C.

This firm exhibited tkeir patent fork cleaning machine. This
machine saves great labour ; it cleans six forks at once, and is
a most valuable acquisition to the pantry of hotels, public
schools, &o. The machine is very simple in its action and not
liable to get out of order.

THE CHADBOEN AND COLDWELL MANUFACTURING
COMPANY, 223, Upper Thames-street, E.G.,

Exhibited their well-known patent "Excelsior" lawn mowers,
tubular garden seats, garden rollers, water barrows, &c., &c.

THE SANITARY AND DOMESTIC APPLIANCES COM-
PANY, 10, Exchange-arca.de, Deansgate, Manchester.

This fimr exhibited a collection of filtering machines, Field-
ing's patent Victoria gas heating smoothing iron, gas stovesi
gas burners, metal fires, and other domestic inventions. We
thought the Victoria " iron " the greatest novelty. It is shaped
to fit on any ordinary gas burner, the flame going into a hollow
in the iron. It heats in that manner very much quicker than
if placed in front of or on a fire, and, of course, it will not
black the articles which it irons.

MESSRS. ELLIS and CO., 164, Fleet-street, E.G.,

We noticed a very capital Turkish bath for home use, the
" Facile " bicycle, and a good patent knife-cleaner.

MESSRS. C. KITE and CO., 117, Charlton-street, N.W.

Exhibited patent roof ventilators, drain ventilators, the Albert
chimney cap, &c., &o.

ROBERT BOYLE and SON, Holborn Viaduct, London,

Showed Boyle's patent self-acting air-pump ventilators, for
the extraction of the foul air from buildings of every descrip-
tion without draughts or currents. They have no mechanical
motion, cannot get out of order, require no attention, and can
be constructed to harmonise with every style of architecture.
They are also applicable for the ventilation of soil pipes, drains,
and sewers.

MR. G. FOUCHER, 29, Piccadilly, W.

Mr. Foucher exhibited a new mechanical contrivance for
playing on a piano any music which is placed on it. The
music is ic strips a yard or so long and perforated with holes.

MESSRS. GARD and CO., Dunstable.

Of course this firm exhibited their well-known plate cloths.
On their stand we noticed the " Common-sense Washer."
With their soap dustaud this machine, the dirtiest clothes can
be made perfectly clean and white (after only boiling them) at
the rate of six night-dresses, or an equivalent quantity of other
clothes, in ten minutes, without their being touched by the
hands, except to remove them from the copper, and turn them
over occasionally in the tub while washing.

We noticed also the patent self-acting meat juice extractor.
Most nurses and housekeepers believe they can make real beef
tea, but in reality the article produced is gravy soup, because
the only nutritions portion of the meat is the albumen, and
this is rendered solid and quite indigestible.

MESSRS. BROWN AND GREEN, LIMITED, 72, Bishops-
gate-street, E.G.

This well-known firm exhibited their "Gem" portable
cooking stoves. These stoves require no brickwork ; they
will bum coal, coke, or wood, the ovens and hot plates being
quickly heated with a remarkably small quantity of fuel.
Brown and Green's medal kitcheners and celebrated ventilating
and slow combustion stoves were also exhibited. We particu-
larly noticed their No. 13 range. This strong, substantial
range is specially designed to meet the reauirements of large
cooking establishments — giving an urlimited supply of hot
water for baths, culinary purposes, &o. Besides the great
capacity of the ovens, the whole of the top forms a hot plate
for boiling and stewing. Being portable, it can be placed in
position ready for use in a few hours. If additional cooking
be at any time required, two may be used, placed either
alongside, or back to back.

MR. HARRY HUNT, 117, Newington Green-road, N.

The celebrated "Crown Jewel" American base burner
anthracite coal stove was exhibited from the works of the
Detroit Slove Company. If the stove is placed in the passage
or entrance hall of a house it will thoroughly heat it through-
out for a few pence per day. It is also admirably adapted for
heating churches, school rooms, railway waiting rooms, public
halls, assembly rooms, institutions, &c. Over 60,000 are now
in use in America. This stove only requires to be filled twice
in twenty-four hours with anthracite coal, the temperature
required can be regulated in a very short time by the dampers,
and the rate of combustion observed through the mica of the
doors. One ton of anthracite coal, burnt in this stove, gives
more heat than three tons of biturrinous coal burnt in grates.
The consumption of the smallest- sized stove for twenty-four
hours is 281bs. of anthracite coal, value threepence, which will
maintain a temperature throughout a moderate-sized house,
from 55deg. to 65deg. Fahr. In remote districts, far removed
from ordinary traffic, furnace coke has been broken to ordinary
nut size, and used with very good effect in this stove. By
giving the dimensions of the space to be heated [i.e., cubical
contents), the number of the stove required and price, with
illustrated circulars, testimonials, Press opinions, and other
infoimation, will be supplied by Mr. Hunt.

MR. HELLIER, 61, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square,
London, W.

On this stand was to be seen the instantaneous water heater,
which will heat from one to six pints per minute to 150 deg.
Fahrenheit, according to the size of the machine.

THE WILSON ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED,
217, High Holborn, W.G.

The ranges which were exhibited are made in sizes from
18 inches up to 5 feet 6 inches. They are portable, require no
brick setting whatever, each having a single smoke pipe, which
may be carried into any chimney; they cannot get out of
order. They have larger sized boilers and ai-e of greater
weight and durability than any hitherto manufactured. Fire
bricks are not used in the fii'e box. This invention is designed
upon a principle to accomplish the objects desired. The
improvements chiefly consist in efi'ecting with highly heated
air the combustion of the smallest practical quantity of fuel,
with the utilisation of that heretofore wasted in smoke ; in
giving a greater distribution of heat and in minimising the
deposit of soot.

MR. JOHN BATEMAN, 104, Strand, London, W.C.,

Showed Bateman's "patent metal fire," a large red hot fire pro-
duced twenty seconds after striking the match. This portable
fire or stove requires no chimney or setting. It is lighted
instantaneously ; has neither smoke nor smell ; can be stood
anywhere without fear of injury. The heat it gives is tre-
mendous, exceeding that of a coal fire, its consumption costing
only about threepence a day. The cold air rushes to the
stove, and being warmed, radiates through the red-hot metal,
and is thoroughly diflfused through the room or building in
which it is contained, keeping every part at the same tempera-

April 1, 1881.

THE SEWtNG MACHlKTE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

tui-e. In the summer this stove vd\l be found very useful for
cooking purposes, giving a great heat, which can be modified,
and being both economical and clean.

THE EAGLE RANGE AND FOUNDRY CO., 168, Fleet-
street, B.C.

We noticed their patent Eagle range. This range requires
no brickwork flues, it being sent out complete and ready for
use ; works with either a close or open fLre ; the fire can bo
made any size that is required ; roasts weU either in front of
the fii'e or in the oven ; the ovens can be heated either from the
top or bottom flues, so that a perfect pastry baking oven or
meat roaster is obtained.

Mr. PORTA WAY, Halstead.

The principle of slow combustion in close stoves was first
made popular by Dr. Arnott, between 40 and 50 years ago,
since which time more or less elaborate attempts have beeu
made to improve upon his aystem with varying degrees of
success, but it is not going too far to say that, until recently,
there have not been better stoves than his produced at equal
prices : better stoves have been produced, but at proportion-
ately larger cost ; and the market was not supplied with a
good serviceable and cheap slow combustion close stove until
the " Tortoise " was introduced in 1877.

The very strong hold it has taken on the public, and its
almost universal adoption by the trade of ironmongers, who
are always on the look out for any speciality which is both
good and reasonable in price, is a great evidence of the value
of the invention ; but another proof is, the many spurious
imitations which, during the past two years, have been intro-
duced on the market, and in some cases represented as the
" Tortoise."

The stoves are really nothing more or less than fire-clay
baskets surrounded by wrought and cast iron coverings,
whereby all the advantages of a firebrick stove are obtained

^IMEAUl-T

without any of the inconveniences of having a brittle outer
casing constantly exposed to accident. The fire never comes
in contact with the iron, consequently the heat is always
wholesome and sweet. The position of the flue nozzle ensures
that the products of combustion, sulphur, gas, &c., pass away
as soon as produced, there being no space-chamber for the
accumulation of same, and the feed door is so placed that when
opened it increases the natural draught of the flue, and the
gases, &c., are driven up the flue with even greater force than
when the door is closed, consequently it is impossible for any
sulphur to escape into the apartment. The combustion is
controlled most efficiently and easily by a sliding door, by the
adjusting of which the smallest size stove may be made to
burn for six to ten hours, and the largest from 24 to 48 hours
without attention.

MESSRS. BROWNE & Co., 186, PiccadiUy, W.

The firm exhibited duplex gas burners, sanitary stoves, gas
cooking stoves, duplex and other lamps, &c.

JAMES M. TATLOE, 52, Tuilerie-street, Haekney-road,
Iiondon, E.

The " Eclipse " chimney-top and ventilator was shown on
this stand. It is guaranteed to be eifectivein operation, whilst
moderate in price and ornamental in form. It can be fixed
anywhere, either as a chimney-top or as a ventilating shaft.
Being applicable to churches, chapels, all kinds of public
buildings, and private dwelling-houses, it is equally suitable
for the palace of the peer or for the col tag; of the peasant.

J. L. HANCOCK. 15, Cottrill-road, Dalston-lane, E.

Mr. Hancock exhibited bis scientific bread-making machine.
By this machine the whole process of bread-making is done
without the dough being touched by the hands. We tasted
some of his bread, which was light and of excellent quality.

DAVIS' EXCELSIOR KNIFE-CLEANING MACHINE
COMPANY, LIMITED, Leadenhall-street, E.C.

Knife -cleaning machines to clean from two to nine knives,
mincing and sausage machines, coffee grinding mills, and other
domestic articles, were exhibited on this stand.

MESSRS. H. L. JUDD and COMPANY, 78, Fami-street,
London, E.C,

Showed blind furniture, folding tables, carpet sweepers, velo-
cijjedes, and various other domestic appliances.

MR. ALEXANDER RUDOLPH, 52, Catheiine-street,
Strand,

Exhibited the handy knife cleaning machine, a model American
knitting apparatus, and a model electric lamp, automatic
action, burns ten hours without attention.

MESSRS. EWART and SON, 346, Euston-road,

Showed the "Swift" washer, the "Crown" boiler, and the
"Empress" patent chimney-pot, the latter an effectual cure
for smoky chimneys.

THE PATENT GAS APPARATUS COMPANY, 47, Mill-
bank-street, S.W,,

Exhibited their machines which have been working for the
past seven years for producing fine light in country mansionsi

ANGLO-AMERICAN LAUNDRY SUPPLY COMPANY,

A. B. Furlong, 50 and 52, Fann-street, Aldersgate-street, E.G.
Mr. Furlong exhibited a shirt collar and cuff ironing and
polishing machine, which we illustrated in this journal last
month.

MR. JOSHUA GEO. WAGSTAPF, Alma Iron Works,
Dukinfield, Manchester,

Exhibited Wagstail's patent upright tubular saddle and conical
cylindrical boilers, for heating conservatories, forcing- pits,
churches, chapels, schools, halls, &c., by means of hot-water
circulating pipes in such a manner as to effect a great saving
in fuel.

MESSRS. CORRY, SOPER, FOWLER and Co., LIMITED,

18, Finsbury-street, E.C, and Shad Thames, S.E., London,
Exhibited a very attractive stand of artificial wreaths, flowers,
grasses, &c.

MR. C WRIGHT, Park-street, N.,

Showed potato peelers, knife cleaners, mincing machines,
cinder sifters, and carpet sweepers.

MESSRS. AGATE and PRTTCHARD, 68, Gracechurch-
street, E.C, and 183, Church-street, Stoke Newington.

Some excellent overstrung pianos were exhibited by thii
firm. Their grand piano was used for the concerts given
during the Exhibition.

MR. JUSTIN BROWNE, 237, Euston-road, N.W.

Mr. Browne showed several of his excellent, well made
pianos. His Class 5 ebony and gold pianoforte was much
admired. >

i'HE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

MESSES. 0. VENABLES and Co., Essex-road, N.,

Showed a good stand of pianos, on several of wliicli Miss Lucy
Thomas performed at intervals during the day.

MESSES. GEOEGE WEIGHT and CO., 143, Holborn Bars.
This firm exhibited a musical cahinetto which plays every
description of music. This instrument lequires no knowledge
on the part of the player. They also showed the " Duchess "
sewing machine, the " Prima Donna," the " New Excelsior,"
the " Family," and other sewinof machines.

THE STAND AED MANUPACTUEING CO., Derby,
Exhibited the " Standard ' tree pruner, which is an implement

having two long arms, to enable the gardener to prune trees,
vines, &c., without the aid of a ladder.

JACOBS and CO., 179, Aldersgate-street, E.C.,
Showed knife-cleaners, coffee percolators, and other domestic
articles.

MESSES. W. P. BRANSON & Co., 104, Wurtemberg-street,
Clapham.

This fii-m exhibited Branson's Extract of Coffee. By the use
of this extract a splendid cup of coffee may be made instantane-
ously, and at any moment, by mixing one or two spoonfuls of
the extract with boiling water, with positively a better result
than can be obtained by making coffee in the ordinary way.

THE STAE PLATE AND UNIVEESAL POLISHING
POWDER COMPANY, 49, Eann - street. Barbican,
London, E.C.

The Star plate polishing powder, exhibited on this stand, is
ft mineral preparation, entirely free from acids, mercury, or
any injurious matter, and is also perfectly free from grit or
any rough substance, and will not scratch or mark the smoothest
Surface. It wOI impart an instantaneous, brilliant, and
lasting polish, as is applicable for cleaning and polishing gold,
silver, and electro-plated goods, for polishing brass, copper,
tin, &c., also for looking-glasses and plate glass.

MES. E. H. JOLLET, 2, Eue T'Kint, Brussels.

Mrs. Jolley exhibited ice machine, ice safes, butchers'
safes, &c., &c.

MESSES. INWOOD & EAWLINGS, London -road,
St. Albans,

Showed the " Cyprus " carriage, " Cee-spring " gig, "Alex-
andra " cart, a " Clerical" cart, and other carriages.

MR. E. A. WINKS, 402, Essex-road, N.,

Exhibited brass bedsteads, spring mattresses, drawing»room
suites, and other furniture.

MESSES. JOSEPH DAVIS and CO., Fitzroy Works, 6, Ken-
nington Park-road, London, S.E,,

Exhibited a splendid collection of barometers, thermometers,
■creamometer tubes, lactometers, hydrometers, and other scien-
tific articlest

ME. H. MAT, Bride-street, Barnsbury, N.,

Showed May's improved extract of soap, for washing, clean-
ing, and cleansing purposes of all kinds, no matter how
dirty or greasy the article may be, especially useful for washing
the hands, being a great purifier, lathers freely. No soap is
required if this extract alone is used. Also May's washing
powder for softening hard water, and for all laundry purposes ;
may be used for the finest laces or curtains to the coarsest
towel, and is a great labour and time-saver.

MR. C. C. TIMDAES, 327, Gray's-inn-road,

Showed pneumatic bells, indicators, door catches, despatch
tubes, and speaking tubes.

MR. B. WARNER, Market-place, Devizes.

We saw on this stand a patent coal vase, so constructed as
to prevent the miscarriage of its contents. The weight of
coal acting by means of the handle as lever upon the lid,
keeps it firmly closed during transit.

MESSES. R. HOOD and SON, Minerva Works, 30 and 31,
Hatton-garden, E.C,

Showed theLady Helijpatent'knife cleaner, which was awarded
a prize medal at Sydney, 1880. This machine thoroughly
clctins all kinds of table cutlery, including carvers and steel
foi-ks, on the new principle, between revolving indiarubber
rollers, by which much labour is saved and the wear and tear
reduced to a minimum.

The Perfection patent knife cleaner, which was also shown,
is on the same principle as the Lady Help, but with a slightly
different arrangement of the indiarubber rollers, rendering the
cleaning an even more easy operation. These machines are
suitable for large and small households, hotels, restaurants,
ships, &c., and four knives per minute can be easUy and con-
tinuously cleaned by any ordinary servant.

ME. B. W. MAUGHAN, 41, Cheapside, E.C.

A large and attractive show of Maughan's patent Geysers
(or instantaneous water-heaters) and baths of all sizes and
descriptions was made by this exhibitor.

ME. N. C. HEETS, 8, Oxford-street, W.,

Exhibited the universal carpet sweeper, which is a very valu-
able machine which performs its work without making dust.
On the stand of

MESSES. CHOELTON and DUGDALE, 19, Blaokfriars-
street, Manchester.

This firm showed the "Excelsior" spring mattress, the
" Matlock " couch, and a patent pillow divider, for preventing
one sleeper from inhaling the breath of another. On this
stand we also noticed the " Sun Light" heating and cooking
stoves.

MESSES. BUEEOITGHES and WATTS, Soho-square, W.

Perhaps the most handsome exhibit was that of this firm,
who showed their well-known billiard tables and biUiard-room
furniture.

ME. EDWAED GOODDY, 18, Cockspur-street, Pall
MaU, S.W.,

Showed the Duke of Edinburgh patent trousers press for pre-
venting bagginess at the knees.

ME. E. T. THEOBALD, Portland House, Greenwich,

Exhibited a collection of patent hydraulic washers, opera, field,
and marine glasses, microscopes and teleacopes, model steam
engines, magic lanterns and slides, and stereoscopes.

MESSES, GEiSWOLD and HAINWOETH, LIMITED, 41,

Charterhouse-square.

Stocking knitting machines, with ribbon attachments, and
samples of socks and stockings and other hosiery made by
these machines, formed one of the most attractive exhibits of
the show. Messrs. Griswold had several smart young girls
working and explaining their machines.

Apeil 1, 1881.

THE SEWESTG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMEbTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SILICATED CARBON FILTER COMPANY, Churcli-

road, Battersea.

A good collection of domestic filters was made by this firm.
We particularly noticed the silicated carbon table filters,
which received the certificate of merit from the Sanitary Insti-
tute of Great Britain, 1880.

BRADLEY BARNARD, 107, St. Paul's-road, Highbury, N.,
Exhibited patent folding hammock bassinettes ; also a patent
folding camp table, and other domestic articles.

MESSRS. F. and C. HANCOCK:, 29, Oxford-Street, Dudley,
Showed machines for washing, cooling, and salting butter
from the churn ; also for washing salt and rancidity from tub
butter for daily use, and for mashing potatoes into ornamental
form for table, and also for pressing the juice from fruit.

MESSRS. CAMEEBR CUSS and Co., 522, Oxford-street, W.

A good collection of musical cuckoo clocks, singing bird clocks,
trumpeter clocks, chiming clocks, early English clocks, quail
and cuckoo clocks, calendar clocks, patent 8-day alarum clocks,
artist figure clocks, moving musicians clocks, military clocks,
&c., &c.,

MR. GEORGE E. PROUT, 57, Eden-grove, HoUoway, N.
On this stand we noticed " The Housekeeper's Friend," an
article which will ensure the safe bolting of the street door at
night.

THE TENSION BICYCLE CO., Watson-street, Stoke New-
ington-green, N.,

Showed the patent "Tension" bicycle, and also the new
patented " Arrow " tricycle, with the new hill-climbing gear.

MR. E. HILTON, 10, Canonbury-road, N.,

Showed an American patent ventilated refrigerator, for cooling
without ice ; also apple and potato parers, knife cleaners, egg
poachers, &o.

THE PATENT GAS BUENER COMPANY, Peckham, S.E.,
Exhibited a collection of sanitary gas burners, warming stoves,
and kindred articles.

ME. JOHN J. GENT and CO., Leicester,

Showed pneumatic, electric, and other bolls for domestic use
and for the alarming of burglars.

MR. ROBERT ADAMS, 7, Great Dover-street, S.E.,

Showed a new arrangement of fanlights for greenhouses,
Venetian blinds, and other articles.

ME, GEO. ABSELL, 157, Queen's- orescent, Loudon, N.W.,
Exhibited AbselFs patent change giving machine. This
machine does away with the public display of silver for change,
inasmuch as, being contained in a locked box, it can only be
obtained by means of its equivalent in gold. Foreign gold, of
less value than 20s. or 10s. respectively, bad money, and even
light English coin, if necessary, are rejected by the apparatus ;
whilst as a preventative of theft and the avoidance of disputes,
the machine is perfect. Its merits can be summed up in the
one fact that, unless an English gold coin is placed in the
receptacle, change cannot be extracted, whilst, if that be done,
the amount of silver is instantly discharged.

MESSRS. CARTER and AYNSLEY, 54, Bishopsgate-street
Without, E.C.,

Showed a patent lowering, raising, and burglar-proof sash
appliance. The special feature in this apparatus is, that whilst
the movement of a sash so fitted, by any other means, is
absolutely impossible, its use even with large and heavy
windows calls for only a very slight eifort on the part C'f the
operator, viz., the simple turiiing of a winch or handle, which
can be easily effected by a lady or even an invalid. Bankers
and others requiring gTeat security cannot fail to perceive the
advantage of this.

MR. WILLIAM BURLEY, 34, London-wall, London, E.G.,

showed Young's patent cord fasteners. These are the cUmax
of simplicity for Venetian blinds and all purposes where cords
or ropes are nsed, costing no more than plate hooks and
superior to check actions, and can be fitted by any person,
without taking down the blinds. There were also shown patent
adjustable rack pulleys, springs warranted made from best
piano steel wire, thoroughly reliable, and require no attention.
Also roller blind fittings, improved, with guard to prevent cord
slipping over the pulley, more durable and efiicient than
spring roller blinds ; Chase's patent acme button fasteners ;
and Day's patent climax ball valves and water waste preventers
were also shown.

Southwood's patent railway and carriage umbrella rack,
patented in Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, United
States, &c., attracted much attention. It is for affixing to the
doors of railway carriages, broughams, and all vehicles. The
invention is an indispensable conveniencd, requii'es no attention,
occupies very little space, and effectually disposes of the most
objectionable encumbrance of a wet umbrella. It also forms a
cheap stand for umbrellas, &c., to be fitted on the back of
street doors.

MESSRS. W. HATCHMAN and CO., 73 and 74, Wood-
street, E.G.,

Exhibited the combination box-couch-tent (registered), three
in one. A unique invention for camping out and all out-door
amusements. This tent, which possesses the special qualifica-
tions of extreme lightness, great strength, and elegant
appearance, is well adapted for all climates ; is made of a
strong coloured striped tent cloth ; is 12ft. in diameter ; can
be easily put up and taken down ; and can be so packed as to
be contained in a small box, which, when opened and extended,
forms a full-length couch. We also noticed Jackson's patent
camp furniture, comprising a most comfortable bedstead, 6ft.
by 2ft. 2in., complete, very light, portable, and yet strong;
also one table, one washing-stand or dressing table, and two
seats, in best polished mahogany, which is patronised by
the officers of H.M.'s Service. The whole can be put together
in a few minutes, and forms the most useful and compact suite
of tent furniture which has ever been invented. It is packed
in a case 2ft. 6in. by 1ft. (outside measure), every portion of
which and contents being utilised in forming the above. They
are put together without the use of any tools whatever, the
parts are all numbered and fitted with brass slots, so that,
with ordinary care, a mistake in fitting is absolutely impos-
sible. It is used by officers, volunteers, travellers, rowing men,
explorers, hunters, sportsmen, colonists, hospitals, &c., &c. ;
and in private houses for spare rooms, or as extra bed-room
furniture.

THE STEAM TRICYCLE.

This machine, which attracted much attention, can be pro-
pelled either by the ordinary pedal motion, by steam alone, or
Ijy both combined. Here and there a case may occur where a
rider may prefer to sit and do nothing — such as an artist
seeking scenery for the exercise of his pencil, and naturally
desiring to keep a perfectly steady hand ; the travelling amateur
photographer, the counti y gentleman traversing his estate, the
lady going out on her round of afternoon calls, &c. ; but the
majority undoubtedly would prefer to have a hand in the
business — or rather a foot — and to work as usual, assisted by
the steam or other motive power. Sufficient speed, it may be
accepted, can already be obtained for real safety in road riding
and for pleasure; but the practicable distances could be enor-
mously increased by a reduction of the physical effort now
necessary. An average speed of 10 miles an hour could not be
maintained by an ordinary rider on a tricycle for more than,
say, half a day, but a very indifferent rider with mechanical
assistance could keep it up all day and night too, if he wished,
without undue strain. In the machine now under considera-
tion steam is employed as afi'ording assistance in propulsion.
A pair of neat little horizontal double-action steam engines
are placed on the top of the boiler, which is of peculiar con-
struction, and practically automatic in. its action. The crank
shaft drives at one end a small circulating pump, which re-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

Apeil 1, 1881.

introduces into the boiler the condensed steam previously used.
The waste is so little as to be practically nil. At the other
there is a small spiked wheel, carrying an endless chain, which
■works on to a larger spiked wheel on the axle of the driving
wheel. The engine thus runs at a somewhat high speed, far
in excess of the driving wheel. The liquid fuel being
lighted under the boiler, in three or four minutes there is
enough steam generated to propel the niachine. By turning
one tap a start takes place, and absolutely continuous action
results for many hours, provided no insurmountable obstacle,
Buch as a brick or too steep a hill, intervenes. A safety
valve prevents danger from too much steam. In stopping,
both steam and fuel are turned off, and the simplicity of the
■whole arrangement is such, that a very few minutes suffice to
learn the management. There is no appearance of steam, no
puif, no noise, no smoke. The expense of the liquid fuel is
slight, and there is really little limit to the extension of dri'ving
power, &c.

The particular machine exhibited carries out several ideas of
the inventor (Sir Thomas Parkyns), and may or may not com-
mend itself to the eyes of those who are used to the elegant,
light designs now popular ; but the principle of propulsion, or
assisted propulsion, can be applied to almost any known make
of tricycle, and the details can always be a matter of individual
taste. It is more than probable that important modifications
■will be introduced, but none the less will the credit belong to
Sir Thomas Parkyns of having invented, made, and success-
fully used the first steam-propelled tricycle — a machine pos-
sessing the power of going 10 miles an hour on good level
I'oad, being perfectly noiseless and without visible means of
propulsion, easy to attend to and understand, cheap to keep,
not likely to want the doctor, and which may prove to be the
father of a long line of vehicles destined in the future to carry
not only the seeker after amiisement and health, but the artist,
the photographer, the messenger, the commercial traveller (in
parts yet untouched by the railway), the rural postman, the
inspector of police, the baker and the butchar boy, et hoe genus
omne.

Messrs. S. and H. HAREIS, Man sell-street, London,

Exhibited the following articles : — The ebonite waterproof
blacking for boots and shoes. Requires no brushing, gives a
fine polish, not affected by damp or rain, non-injurious to the
leather, being entirely free from acid. Japan lustre blacking,
specially manufactured to suit warm climates, and celebrated
for its brilliancy. Military waterproof pouch blacking. British
polishing paste : this composition, in which there is nothing
corrosive or injurious, gives a fine polish to brass, copper, tin,
pewter, Britannia metal, plate, coach glasses, and windows.
Plate powder, white and black, for silver harness mountings
and all kinds of silver plate. Furniture polish : this article
preserves and beautifies mahogany, stained wood and all
furniture that requires a polish, and retains its beauty for
a considerable time by only an occasional rub with a soft dry
cloth or brush. Furniture cream : This article preserves and
beautifies mahogany, stained wood, papier mache, and all
furniture that requires a polish, and retains its beauty for a
considerable time by only an occasional rub with soft dry
cloth or brush. Brunswick black : Beautifies and preserves
stoves, chimney corners, all kinds of iron work, tin, wood, &o.,
and is found particularly useful where the articles named are
exposed to weather, and preserves from rust. Jet black oil
for harness : For producing a jet black, and noui-ishing the
leather — specially adapted for cart and farm harness. Real
cirrriers' dubbing — black or yellow : For softening the upper
leather of boots or shoes and making them pliable and durable
— also applicable for harness, carriage heads, &c. Harris's
waterproof harness composition. Harris's urn powder, for
cleansing and preserving the brown on tea-urns. Steel powder,
for cleaning and polishing bright stoves, fenders, fire irons,
sewing machines, bicycles, and all fine steel articles.

ME. CHAELES H. SOUTHALL, Armley, Leeds.
One of Southall's automatic boot cleaners, working by steam,
was tusily employed putting a shine on several of the under-
standings of her Majesty's subjects. It is possible and customary
to brush off the dirt, put on blacking, and polish without once

stopping the machine. "When worked by power it wUl stop
automatically, and ring a bell to call attention. Thus a person
may stand by and watch only while his boots are beautifully
polished, or one man may attend to at least six machines ; and
by this means get through the work with great rapidity. The
machines never get out of order, and can be used immediately
without instruction ; they are made to clean either one or two
boots at one and the same time. A man may get up of a
morning, put his boots on the machine, start a water or gas
engine by simply turnmg a tap, and in less than one minute
finds his boots beautifully cleaned. The action is precisely
like that of the human arm. An ordinarj flat brush moves
backward and forward with rapidity, whilst every part to be
polished is presented alternately ; and in a surprisingly short
space ot time a most brilliant polish obtained. Children's
boots, so difficult to hold by hand, are polished as easily and
brightly as any other kind. In cleaning boots by hand the
linings often get soiled by the hands of the operator, and t'lese
dirty the stockings of the wearer ; this cannot occur when
boots are cleaned by this machine, because they are held on a
clean wooden expanding last, made to suit all sizes and sorts.
A child can clean all the boots of the largest family without
fatigue, and far better than the strongest man can do them by
hand.

ME. J. E. H. ANDEEW, 20, Waterloo-road, Stockport.

The "Bisschop" patent gas engine, which formed one of
the greatest novelties of the late Paris Exhibition, was shown
by this exhibitor. It is most economical and simple, requiring
scarcely any attention. There is no danger of explosion ; it
makes little noise, and in most cases may be placed in the
upper storey of a house. It is very strong and easily
managed. The piston and slide valve do not require oil or
grease, which enables it to run night and day without super-
vision. This engine needs no other fixing than simply being
placed on the ground, and no separate meter is requisite. It
requires no water. It will be found of the greatest utility for
any machines requiring but small motive power, and is
invaluable as a substitute for manual or foot power.

ME. G. EDWAEDS, 182, Kingsland-road, N.

Mr. Edwards exhibited a very attractive stand of billiard
tables and bagatelle boards.

CROSSLEY BROTHERS, Poultry, E.G.

This firm exhibited one 2-horse patent "Otto" silent gas
engine. These engines are worked by igniting gas under com-
pressure with air in the cylinder. The consumption of gas
for a half-horse power gas engine is about 1 1 feet per hour.
The average cost is Id. per hour per horse-power. These
engines are made in various sizes, from ^-horse to 9-hfrse
power, and used for pumping, chaff- cutting, corn mills,
sawing, hoisting, printing, electric lighting machines, sewing
machines, washing and other laundry machines, lathes, sugar
and coffee mills, corn-crushers, sausage-machines, &c., &c.

MESSRS. B. F. BEOWN and CO., 20, Norman's-buildingg,
St. Luke's, London,

Exhibited their well-known satin polish for boots and shoes.
Ladies' shoes which have become red and rough by wearing are
restored by an application of Brown's polish to their original
colour and lustre, and they will not soil the skirts when wet.
It is put on with a sponge attached to the wire and cork in each
bottle. It requires no brushing, and does not harden or crack
the leather. They also showed the " American magic bronze "
for use on boots and shoes, ornaments, picture frames, iron,
and fancy work, and also the Heaton button fastener. The
saving in time by the rapid and secure way in which buttons
can be fixed on with this fastener and instrument is consider-
able. A trial by those who have not as yet used them will not
fail to give entire satisfaction.

We have endeavoured to give as comprehensive a description
of the exhibits as possible. We have said nothing about the
variou.s charitable institutions who showed their work and
workers as our readers will find several accounts of them in
other columns under the heading " opinions of the press,"

Afbil 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOE, FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

-jp:rxc:es.

No. 1.
„ 2.

£1 10 0
2 2 0
2 10 0

Liberal Disc-mnt to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers.

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,
93, nia-s: s:oxjBoi^i:sr, LonsriDOisr.

HUTCH /SON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clnbs. Restaurants, and Private Houses. It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage tt>
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, (to. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware-
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, Jib., 6d. ; 1-lb., 1 ; 2-lb., 1/9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in. MCSSrS. HUTCHISON & CO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, IDs. 6d.

Is entire!}' SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or brushes. A current of boiling snds is
passed through and through the clothes, which are thus waslitd and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Full Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELVETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

Strong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the " Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
instantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes- Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-mids
delicate American Importations.

Prices: 308., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25s., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 2-t-inch BMleri.

Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.

Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HARPER TWELVETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Apeil 1, 1881

SOLE AGENTS IN EUEOPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OP NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Sticb Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, lever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive uppearance.

"We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvemeuts.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

L/ghf Running "'Standard''

For Manufacturing and Family use.

// is a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a li fe-
■time, and NEVER gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OP WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clarh and, Co.),

finsbury Circus, LOIDON, E.C.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUFACTUKEK OP

B,n.,.uL.u.:P.^.n,. BICYCLE MATERIALS

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OP WOOLLEY'S PATENT DUPLEX SPEING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES! He says : '• I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the .50 miles ride did I feel the
slightest of the rough roads.^^

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

Just Published. 12mo. cloth limp, 2/-, or cloth
boards, 2/6 (postage 2d).

A PRACTICAL IVIANUAL

OF THH

SEWING MACHINE,

Comprising its History and Details of its Construction, with Full Tech-
nical Directions for the adjusting of Sewing Machines.

By J. "W. URaUHABT.

CROSBY LOCKWOOD & Co., 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Ludgate Hill,
London, B.C.

SEWING MACHINE BUSINESS.— WANTED, by Advertisfcr
(age 29), a Situation as Manager of Branch Depot, or CaB-
vasser and Collector. Seven years experience ; most part as
manager. Thoroughly acquainted with the hire system. At
liberty April 30 next. — Apply, Sewing Machines, 29, Churchgate-
street, Bury St. Edmunds.

\)t leruiiig JEartiine (iiiiette

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE First Annual Exhibition of Domestic Labour-Saving
Appliances at the Agricultural Hall, a full report of
wbicb appears in another column, was undoubtedly :a
great success. The large hall was quite filled witb exhibitB,
and remained open tor a week beyond tbe appointed time by
tbe general wish of the exhibitors, who all appear to have
done a good stroke of business ; indeed, the Hall was .at all
times — with the exception of the two first days— quite
fiUed with a highly respectable company of., visitors,

April 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

and it is already announced that the second annual exhi-
bition will be held at the same place, opening on May
1, 1882. We are very glad to note the success of this
exhibition, because it speaks well for the interests of all in the
trade, as a larger demand for labour-saving appliances of all
kinds is sure to be stimulated by such gatherings. Visitors go,
probably, in many cases, from mere motives of curiosity ; but
they see some article Hkely to be usefid in their household, and
a new want is at once both created and satisfied— of
course to the advantage of the exhibitors. This, of com'se, is a
mere trade view of the matter, but there are other aspects of
the question that are worthy of consideration. Novelties of all
kinds are brought together, iuventioa is stimulated, and
improvements are made in existing machinery which would
otherwise not have been thought of. We are, therefore, glad
that this first exhibition hMS been so successful, and we hope
the second will be — or ought to be — another step further in the
right direction.

Mr. Hermann Looa has turned poet : finding all other trades
fail, he has taken to verse. He rhymes "heard" to "dirt,"
and "pale" to "hell " — his lines are all sorts of lengths, and
his sense is past finding out. Take the following as a speci-
men : —

" The lynx's lurking eye,
The fox's cunning spy,
The tiger's bloody inclinations.
The ciocodile's all possible abominations,
Killing and whining all in a breath."
Courteous and patient reader, we have quoted this rubbish
verbatim et literatim, from a poem, just sent out to the Sewing
Machine Trade generally, and bearing Mr. Loog's initials.

What on enrth the man means no sane mortal can tell, but
this abominable mass of nonsense is supposed to be in some
way or other intended as a fitting description of one of the
most esteemed members of the Sewing Machine Trade in this
country, and it is part of a pamphlet which Mr. Loog has
thought fit to publish upon a recent decision in the Law
Courts in the case of Wright v. the Wheeler and Wilson Manu-
facturing Company.

Of the exquisite delicacy of diction and refinement of style
which marks all Mr. Loog's lucubrations either in prose or
poetry it is surely unnecessary to remark ; he is a heaven-born
genius, and of no man is the axiom more true than of him, nascitu-r
nonfit; in fact, a second Hermann Loog could not be made at
any price — natureproducedhimby amostheroiceflfort — and "the
force of nature can no further go." The fact is, that Mr.
Loog's temporary success in the Court of Appeal the other
day appears to have sent him off in the direction of Colney
Hatch instead of Portugal-street as heretofore. He may rest
assured, however, that the important issue raised in the suit
instituted against him by the Singer Company is not yet
finally determined, and the judgment of the law loids
will be awaited with confidence by all those who wish
well to the success of the English sewing machine trade
as distinct from German and other pii-ated imitations.
The tirade of abuse which in Mr. Loog's pamphlet is directed
against Mr. Hunting— the esteemed and courteous manager of
the Wheeler tnd Wilson Company, will only gain for its writer
an increased measure of pity in the minds of all those who clearly
understand the issues recently raised in the trade. Mr. Loo",
at the end of his pamphlet, questions the accuracy of a report
in this journal of a meeting recently held for the purpose of
presenting Mr. Gorapertz with a testimonial. We simply say
that it was a meeting of gentlemen, and therefore it is not in
the least surprising that Mr. Loog knew nothing about it.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
We illustrate this month the New Arm Machine, just
introduced by the Singer Manufacturing Company, Foster-
lane, Cheapside. The machine is admirably adapted for the
leather trade, being most especially suited for the making and
repairing of boots and shoes, Gladstone bags, &c. For a full
descrii^tion of this machine we refer our readers to oui report
on another page of this Journal of the stand of the Singer
Munufacturiug Company at the Labour-saving Appliance
Exhibition.

At Stand No. 250, at the late Domestic Exhibition, was shown
a patent automatic button-hole attachment for sewing machines,
making 200 perfect button-holes per hour, and which attracted
considerable attention. It is the invention of Messrs. Felton
and Hickman. We will give full particulars in our next issue.

THE BOARD OP TRADE RETURNS.
The Board of Trade Returns for March, and for the fii'st
quarter of the year, are more favoui'able than could have been
expected after the complaints lately heard from various busi-
ness centres. The value of the exports last month was
£19,131,038 against £18,852,050 in March, 1880, and
£16,170,518 in March, 1879. This increase is mainly due to
the large shipments of cotton manufactures to Tui-key and the
East, as iron and steel and many other commodities show a
considerable falling off. The foUoAving are the principal
items that have improved : Apparel, arms and ammunition,
bags and sacks, chemicals, cotton yam, cotton manufactures —
20 per cent, in qliautity — earthenware, haberdashery, hard-
ware, lead, leather, linen yarn, jute yam, ju*e manufactures,
machinery, sUk j'ani, silk manufactures, refined sugar, and
woollen and worsted manufactures. The decrease is chiefly,
as already stated, in iron and steel, the qiiantity of which
exported last month was only 290,198 tons against 387,305
tons in March, 1880 ; but in addition the following
have diminished — coal, alkali, linen manufactures, oU, tele-
graphic wire, tin, wool, and woollen yarn. The declared value
of the inaports was £36,842,336, against £37,638,944 in
March, 1880, and £29,840,600 in March. 1879. A consider-
able increase is shown in cotton, but a decrease in wool.
Grain and provisions generally have largely augmented, while
wine, tobacco, and sugar haye been imported in smaller
quantities.

ART NEEDLEWORK.

The exhibition of art needlework opened a few days ago at
the London School of Art Needlework iu Exhibition-road,
South Kensington. It is chiefly rich in ancient English work,
including that distinctive stitch which marks the "opusAngli-
canum," properly so-calh'd. Very interesting and curiouB
devices are to be seen here, the life-work in their day of some
such artists as that gentlewoman buried in Westminster Abbeyj
on whose headstone it is in all humility recorded that "she
was an excellenc needlewoman." The Dean and Chapter of
Worcester have sent fr.igments of red silk embroidered
in gold thread with effigits of crowned and sceptred kings
in convoluting scroll, from the coflin of Bishop de Blois,
chief of that diocese early in the 13th century. The
fragments have been disentombed, and, as the floruit
of the bishop is from 1218 to 1236, there can be no
doubt of their antiquity. Similarly authentic testimony to the
early progress of the art is borne by the fragments of woven
materials, some shining with gold thread, dug from the tomb
in Worcester Cathedral, of Wulter de CantUupe, who died in
the second half of the 13th century. Mr. Cyril Flower has lent
a chasuble of the 14tli century. The rector of Dunstable con-
tributes a gorgeous pall of red velvet and cloth of gold, which
dates from the loth century, and is wonderfully preserved, having
been walled up to save it from the destructive zeal of Puritan
days. When it was in use it was hired by pai-ishioners for first-
class f unerplsat the rate of 6d. a day. Many other fine examples
were exhibited, as also some excellent modern work.

THE SEWIN& MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. April 1,1881.

ryi

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTUREHS OF

EVERT "PART SUPPLIED IN VARIOrS STAGES,

From the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

JVone hut the very hest Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR lEOJ^, BEST BEST GUM, S^c., ^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES..

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES. SPANNERS, LAMPS,

BELLS, cSco., <ScO-

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :--Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALERS ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOR WHOLESALE TERMS

April 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZEI'TE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PRESS NOTICES ON THE EXHIBITION OE DOMESTIC LABOUR.

SAVING APPLIANCES, 1881.

From amongst the numerous notices of this Exhibition we give the following, which are a fair
representation of the whole :

. The TMJies, March 14th, 1881.

An exhibition of domestic labour-saving machinery and of
articles intended to increase comfort and promote thrift in the
household has been opened in the Agricultural Hall, Islington.
Without entering into detail, it may be said that housekeepers
of every class will find something to interest them. For the
garden there are tools -with which large fruit trees may be
pruned without the aid of a ladder, and novel foldmg tents
in which a family might sit comfortably, and which pack,
framework and all, into a box the size of those containing a
croquet set, the box, too, being made to serve the purpose of
a table when the tent is in ^^se. For the kitchen there are
many patent cooking stoves and ranges, a new arrangement for
doing away with the dangerous kitchen boiler, smokeless fuel,
cooking utensils of American manufacture, very light and said
to be heat-proof and incorrodible. There are inventions of
many kiuds for saving the work of the cook, the housemaid,
and the laundrymaid, specimens of furniture of novel design
for general use and for the invalid, and contrivances for in-
suring ventilation and sanitation. Of things which do not
strictly come within the object of the exhibition there are
many, ranging from microscopes to bicycles, the principal
novelty being a steam tricycle. Three stalls which should not
be overlooked are those occupied by the blind woodcutters and
brush and basket makers under the care of the Association for
Promoting the Welfare of the Blind, and by children from the
Children's Home and Training School for Christian Workers,
and from Dr. Barnardo's Home.

Daily News, March 11, 1881.

Until the 19th inst. an exhibition of domestic labour-saving
machinery and other household appliauces will remain
open at the Agricultural Hall, Islington. During that
period the public will have an opportunity of inspect-
ing many of the latest improvements in billiard tables,
sewing machines, knife and fork cleaners, washing, drying,
and wringing machines, cooking apparatus, and so forth.
There is also a remarkable engine on view, which hardly comes
within the category of domestic aj^paratus, inasmuch as it is
an aid to ti'avel. The steam tiioyole is an ingenious device for
using petroleum as fuel for creating the motive power steam,
and is reported to carry a sufficiency thereof for a day's
journey at the rate of nine or ten miles per hour. Another
important application of machinery is that which enables
children to do almost men's work as carpenters and shoe-
makers. Dr. Barnardo has three score or more boys at work
at tailoring, shoeraaking, brushmaking, carpentering, and
wood chopping, and the Children's Home in Bonner-road is
also represented by a large contingent engaged in printing,
folding, and some other of the trades already enumerated.
The children of the Heme in Bonner-road are also trained to
sing and play on various musical instruments by the organist
and bandmaster, Mr. E. Heath Mills, and give concerts during
the exhibition. Even more interesting than the child- workei-s
are the blind folk from the Association for Promoting the
General Welfare of the Blind, now having its head-quarters in
Berners-street. At the large stall occupied by the Association
a number of blind people may be seen at work daily, and to
tiose who have not seen them enjoying a bonfire and letting

ofif fireworks the spectacle of blind brushmakers and basket-
makers is touching indeed. The patient man sitting on the
ground and making a basket diligently and skilfully admits
that he can do more at Berners-street when he has everything
around him, and knows every inch of the ground ; but he
plaits away swiftly, despite his change of locality. L;ke the
basketmaker, the brushmakers keep so steadily at work that
it is difficult to realise that they are entirely deficient in the
most valuable sense of all. A couple of women are standing
up and plaiting sash lines, a work in which they seem quite
proficient, and at the end of a stall sits a man chopping up
firewood at a great pace, as if reckless of fingers, which, he
declares, are not in the slightest danger. There is great
" dash" about the poor blind man who walks to and from his
work with a confidence and sjieed which astonish even those
accustomed to the ways of blind folk generally. The valuable
association under whose care these poor people are working
has not yet sent to the Agricultural Hall its deservedly favourite
pupd^a blind deaf mute, who works at brushmaking, but it
is understood that he may be expected in a few days. A
bright light by day and evening at the Agricultural Hall
detracts somewhat from the strangeness which affects the
visitor to a blind institution just after dusk, when he finds
people setting type, reading, and working at various trades
while he can hardly find his way about ; but the scene at
Islington is nevertheless of a curiously interesting and moving
character.

The Standard, March 11, 1881.
There is now open at the Agricultural Hall, Islington, an
exhibition of what is termed " Labour Saving Appliances,"
and all articles for the promotion of household thrift. Up-
wards of 200 exhibitors from all parts of the country hold
stalls. It would be impossible, save in the form of a catalogue,
to go through the different departments of labour here shown
to perfection. Apart, however, from the mere utilitarian
objects of the exhibition, the show is highly interesting from
a humanitarian point of view ; for in the midst arc assembled
representatives of three of the most praiseworthy charitable
institutions in London. The first to attract attention is the
temporary work-room of that Association for the Welfare of
the Blind, founded by Miss Gilbert, blind daughter of the late
Bishop of Chichester, the home of which is 28, Berners-street,
Oxford-street. There are not many who will pass these work-
shops and witness the cheerful labourers who have worked all
their days in darkness, without feelings of sorrow and thanks-
giving. Then there are the boys of Dr. Barnardo's Homes at
their various handicrafts ; and there are 50 boys and girls
from the Rev. T. B. Stephenson's Children's Home, Bonner-
road, who, when properly instructed in various trades, have
occupations found for them at home, or emigrate to fields
abroad where there is more scope for the e.\ercise of their
industry and ability. The two schools have bands of their
own, which perform at intervals, doing much thereby to dis-
tract the attention of the visitors from the monotony of
mechanical sounds.

Baily dironicle, March 10, 1881.
An exhibition has been opened at the Agricultural Hall,
Isliugton, of a great variety of articles more or less connected
with the promoti»n of household thrift, which is the avowed

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

object of the originators of the show. It is quite true that
within recent years domestic economy as well as the great enter-
prises of life have been much assisted by mechanical helps to the
performance of labour, and the great object of an exhibition
bearing such a broad designation as the one referred to must
be to bring into something like orderly array a collection of
appliances with many of which, perhaps, numbers of people
would not otherwise have an opportunity of becoming
acquainted. Sewing machines, washing and wringing
machines, chopping and grinding machines, knife cleaners,
and such like familiar instruments are well represented ; and
also pianos, billiard tables, tents, furniture, lawn mowers, and
even coals, the latter being the kind known as the anthracite
coal. A novelty which was at the Pai'is Exhibition is an
automatic boot cleaner, the brushes being plied by machinery,
the motive power of which may be supplied either by steam or
hand, while there is a stocking-knitting machine. There is
also, too, a valuable tree pruner — a sharp scissors-like appli-
ance on the top of a rod — by means of which a stout branch in
a twinkling may be cut as a knife cuts cheese ; and there is an
exhibit of a reversible perambulator, in which the seat may be
turned in any direction. An instance is afforded of the
strides that are being made in tbe introduction of steam-power
by a large steam washing machine, which is alongside an
immense kitchen range. A steam tricycle illustrates the ap-
plication of steam to this form of vehicle. The tricycle, it is
explained, can be propelled by the ordinary pedal motion, by
steam alone, or by both combined, and it is easily worked
without any ajipearance of the employment of steam. Some
boy and girl inmates of Dr. Barnardo's Home and the
Children's Refuge, Bonner-road, Victoria Park, are to be seen
at work as tailors, carpenters, shoemakers, wood choppers, &c.,
while some blind men and women from the Institution of the
Association for the Welfare of the Blind show the skill that the
sightless may attain in chopping firewood, and making
brushes, baskets, and other articles of domestic use. The ex-
hibition remains open for several days.

The Morning Post, March 11th, 1881.

The historian of the future who shall write the history of the
I9th century will chronicle this second half of it as a period of
exhibitions. Amongst these have been several valuable
leviathan gatherings, but none are likely to be of so much
practical value as exhibitions of specialities, such as that of
domesticsaving apparatus now on viewin the AgriculturalHall,
Islington. Here we have machinery displayed for cutting and
buttering slices of bread, for crumbling bread, for mincing
meat for sausages, &c. ; for peeling potatoes, slicing cucum-
bers, cutting up vegetables of all kinds for soups or stews;
stoves and ranges for cooking with gas, wood, common coal,
anthracite, steam, &c. We have various modes of jireparing
tea and coffee, among which latter Bi-an son's extract of coffee
merits mention, as daily at the exhibition some hundreds taste
it and pronounce it excellent. Again, we have various kmds
of improved gas burners showj, and lamps of all styles and
kinds. Newly-invented plans for raising and securing window
sashes and doors may be inspected, window blinds, curtains,
shades, &o. Stains for wood, imitatioiis of marble, window
blinds, screens, ornamental furniture, crockery, and other
domestic utensils are exhibited; and the inquiring householder
can inspect a bewildering variety of washing and wringing,
sewing and kilting machines, cinder sifters, and other tiseful
implements. Among these are machines for knife cleaning,
fork cleaning, and one for ironing shirts. Household soaps
and sanitary soaps and other appliances and preparations are
exhibited, as well as specially-pvepared salt for preserving
meat, eggs, &c., and medicaments for rheumatic and other
affections. Frost-proof joints for water pipes are shown, and
as additions to home comforts, clocks, watches, and musical
instruments have a place. One machine, which created much
interest, is for playing the piano. The tune is cut on cards
somewhat in the mode of preparing patterns for a Jacquard
loom, and the performer merely turns a handle, the perfora-
tions in the card allowing of the motions needed to strike the
proper keys. As a portion of the house, or, at least, as being of
it, if not in it, the garden is not forgotten, and lawn mowers,
garden seats, ladders, garden pumps, &c., are displayed for

the benefit of those who have some ground to deal with ; and
as means for the preservation of health we have gymnastic
apparatus and a host of bicycles and tricycles, which may be
tried in the gallery, where a capital course has been arranged.
On the grouud floor is shown a tricycle driven by a very
pretty little steam-engine. Burroughes and Watts and^ other
makers contribute an assortment of billiard-tables, and there
are not wanting soma elegant articles of ornamental furni-
ture.

Among the most interesting displays of the exhibition are
the stalls occupied by the boys of Dr. Barnardo's Homes, Mr.
Stephenson's Children's Home, Bonner-road, and the Associa-
tion for Promoting the General Welfare of the Blind, Berners-
street. At the first named a number of boys are engaged in
carpentry work, brushmaking, tailoring, shoemaking, and
printing. At tbe second similar operations are carried on, and
at the third several of the blind, male and female, are occu-
pied in basketmaking, brushmaking, mat and blind making,
and other work suited for them. At all these stands the
visitor cannot fail to note the air of cheerfulness and content
apparent on the countenances of the workers, and around
them are goodly displays of their work, testifying to their own
abilities and to the care exercised in their instruction. Among
the blind workers is a man who has the misfortune to be also
deaf and dumb ; nevertheless he is a good basketmaker.

The account of the exhibition would be wanting without a
special reference to the catalogue, which affords abundant
information, and has been very carefully compiled. Prefixed to
it are several interesting and instructive essays on subjects
connected with the exhibition, as well as a plan of the Agri-
cultural Hall, with the numbers of the stalls marked on it.
The whole has been capitally got up by Messrs. Charles
Messent and Son. The exhibition will remain open till the
17th inst., and will be found well worth a visit.

The Echo, March 9th, 1881.

An exhibition has been opened at the Agricultural Hall of
domestic labour-saving machinery and of articles intended for
the promotion of household thrift. Even in the very arcade
leading to the Hall the visitor may form a jjretty shrewd guess,
by the show of elegant garden lounges and tents, &c., tastily-
arranged on either side by the Panklibanon Company (56,
Baker-street), that there is something more interesting on view
inside than rows of cart-horses or pigs specially cleaned for
the occasion. Nor would he probably be much disappointed,
for scattered round the immense hall, or rather ranged in well
ordered rows, are specimens of almost everyone of those im-
provements— as admirable in their way as the inventions of the
steam-engine, the telegraph, or the printing press — which
together have made such a change in our domestic life during
the present century. How great the contrast between the
domestic life of to-day and of a hundred years ago is admirably
described by a "Lady of the old school," whose somewhat
comical sketch graces the opening pages of the catalogue.
Nothing, perhaps, would astonish the Mrs. Jill of that period
more that a sight of the modern sewing machine or clothes
washer. Concerning the former nothing more need be said
than that the well-known firms were well represented, a new
Wilson oscillating shuttle machme, by the way, being exhibited
by Messrs Bradbury and Co. (14, Newgate-street), and that a
full-length portrait of Howe, the ill-used inventor of the
sewing machine, smiled down from one of the stalls on the
busy scene below. Of the numerous patent washers the
cheapest seemed to be the "Dolly," a combined washing,
wringing, and mangling machine, warranted to wash sixty
collars or twenty towels in three, and five shirts or one blanket
in five minutes, just introduced by Messrs. J. M. Bell and Co.,
494, Oxford-street, and the price of which is considerably under
£4. The " Home " washer, exhibited by the same firm, a more
expensive machine, is said to have won over 150 first prizes
since 1868, and never to have been beaten once. Close by are
some very pietty crystal and majolica fountains, aquariums,
and fern eases, exhibited by Messrs. Kessel and Son, 11, South-
wark-street. Borough, and suitable for front windows and for
side-board or table decorations, the price of the cheapest
aquarium — £1 — bringing it withia the reach of almost every-
one, A stroll round the building will soon reveal the improve?

April 1, 1881

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ments effected iu the arts of lighting, warmiiig, or ventilating
our houses. Some of the best of the heating stoves on view,
perhaps, are those exhibited by Messrs. Wright and Butler, of
Birmingham, whose patent portable "Eclipse," "Premier,"
and " Cheerful " petroleum stoves are said to warm a room
without any of those injurious effects so often resulting from
the use of gas. In the " Cheerful" stove the flame is reflected
through glass, and as it, as well as the others, requires no
chimney or flue, and burns all night without attention, it is in
much request for invalids. The same firm exhibits a combined
heating and cooking oil stove, which gained the highest award
at the Cape Exhibition in 1877. Billiard tables and pianos
for the drawing-room, knife-cleaners for the kitchen, lawn-
mowers, hammocks, and tents for the garden, and carriuges
and bicycles for out doors — all were on exhibition; and the
thrifty householder who intends furnishing his house could not
do better befoi'e purchasing than pay a visit to the Agricultural
Hall. Besides looking at the stalls, the visitor may see basket
and mat-making and other trades carried on by blind opera-
tives iu the centre of the building, and may hear sweet music
discoursed by bands from Dr. Bamardo's Boys' Home, Stepney-
causeway, and from Mr. Stephenson's Children's Home,
Bonner-road.

Illustrated London News, March 11th, 1881.

At the Agricidtural Hall, Islington, there is an excellent ex-
hibition of domestic labour-saving appliances and articles for
the promotion of household thrift. A deeply interesting
spectacle is to be witnessed. Blind men and women from the
Institution for the Welfare of the Blind, in Berners-street, are
there chopping fire-wood, making brushes, brooms, baskets,
sash-lines, &c. This institution was founded by Miss Gilbert,
the blind daughter of the late Bishop of Chichester.

Btyiwldi's, March I3th, 1881.

Not the least interesting stall at the exhibition of "Domestic
Labour Saving Machinery," together with articles intended
for the promotion of household thrift, is that remarkable enclo-
sure where are to be found, diligently worldng, a number of
clever blind mechanics. These industrials are from the Institu-
tion of the Association for the Welfare of the Blind, the head-
quarters of which are 28, Berners-street, Oxford-street.
Earnest groups may be seen throughout the day watching
those evidently cheerful and certainly active workpeople. They
carry on various trades, the most startling of which is, perhaps,
that of chopping and bundling fire-wood. The chopper goes
startlingly near the fingers of the operators, who are certainly
the least concerned of all present at the appearance of danger
which results from the combination of the staring unseeing
eyes and the gleaming instrument. The most valuable pro-
duct, however, offered for sale at this attractive stall is the
hand-plaited sash-line, manufactured by women, and which is
warranted to last quite six times as long as the ordinary ma-
terial. Brush-making is another occupation very successfully
followed by these good people whom it were almost erroneous
to call afflicted, they are so cheerful and even happy. There
are several very pleasant and even touching industries carried
on at this exposition. In one directiou the spectator mai ks Dr.
Barnardo's destitute children hard at work making boots — and
very good ones, too — brushes, and other articles, while a col-
lection of young carpenters flourish their planes and saws very
dexterously. In another direction some of the inmates of an
orphanage for boys are making well-sewn clothes. But
throughout the exhibition now taking place at Islington, and
which remains open during Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and
Thursday of next week, no point excels in attraction that
occupied by the pleasant blind folk. The institution entirely
depends upon the demand there is for the articles manufao-
tui'ed, and it is therefore pleasant to know that it has this year
again obtained a large Government contract for 40,000 brushes.
Last year the institution received Mr. Eichardson Gardner's
bequest of £10,000, and with that and the permanent T)remi.ses
fund there is a hope that whtn the Berners-street lease lapses
much larger premises may be secured, and a larger number of
blind people employed than can at present be provided for.
The "blind" work is as good and as cheap as that made and
sold by the sharpest sighted people, and customers therefore

will not lose by their patronage, while the sightless will gain
by it. The institution was founded by Miss Gilbert, who has
a very active lieutenant in Miss Frances Martin. The spectator,
indeed, leaves this sightless stall at the Agricultural Hall with
a vivid sense of how little many of us comparatively do with
bcjth eyes quite active, while these patient, cheerful souls, with
the help of their good friends, are able to do so much, and con-
tribute their share to the work of that society from which
they are shut out by reason of their terrible affliction. The
institution must have the best wishes, and should have the
active support, however little, of all who delight in seeing
affliction cheerfully met and industry applied where at first
sight there is so little promise of that success which has
followed the formation of the Bemer's-street Association for
the Welfare of the Blind.

The Citizen, March 12, 1881.

During the present week an interesting exhibition of labour-
saving appliances suited to household use, together with a
varied array of other machines, has been held at the Agri-
cultural Hall, Islington, and will continue open during next
week. The stands afford[a striking lesson of the great strides
which are being made in the directiiju of superseding ordinary
domestic labour by clever mechanical inventions. The attrac-
tions of the exhibition are heightened by the interesting
operations of men and women from the Institution of the
Association for the Welfare of the Blind, 28, Berners-street,
founded by Miss Gilbert, the blind daughter of the late Bishop
of Chichester. These clever workers are to be seen making
brushes, baskets, sash-lines, and chopping firewood, in which,
consideritig their physical disability, they are marvellously
expert. The boys and girls from Dr. Barnardo's Home are also
watched with interest, as they give practical lessons in
carpentering, tiiiloring, shoemakiug, and other industrial
pursuits, in which they find friendly rivals in the inmates of
the Children's Refuge, Bonner-road, Victoria Park. Nor are
more artistic attractions wanting iu the Hall, as each evenincr
the proceedings are relieved by pianoforte recitals, while the
brass band of tbo Home, of which the Eev. T. B. Stephenson
is the principal, daily give selections in really telling style,
and to the general delight of the visitors.

The Critic, March 2nd, 1881.

A very interesting exhibition will be opened on Monday
next at the Agricultural Hall. Domestic labour-saving appli-
ances and all articles intended for the promotion of domestic
thrift. A special feature of this exhibition will be articles
made by the blind. How the greatest of human afflictions
can be to a certain extent alleviated, and lives of darkness
rendered useful and in many instances enjoyable, will be illus-
trated by the little workers iu the beneficent institutions foi
ameliorating the condition of the blind.

Hacliney and Kin/jslaiid Gazette, March I4th.

An exhibition which possesses attractions for not only those
more intimately acquainted with household duties, but also for
those who delight in novelties and can appreciate the inven-
tive genius of their fellow man, is now on view in the Agri-
cultural Hall, Islington, and although (as with other exhibitions
held here), the " show" is not entirely confined to that which
its name implies, viz., " Domestic labour saving exhibition,"
still the extraneous exhibits tend rather to enhance than to
detract from the scene. As time advances genius develops,
the consequeuce being that so many surprises have already
been given in the mechanical world that one is prepared to go
to such an exhibition quite ready to look upon previously con-
sidered impossibilities or unthought of mechanisms with com-
parative quiet, always, of com-se, giving honour to the men
whose brains solved the various problems.

With such an enormous number of extiibits our space forbids
but a casual glance, but, taking the stalls promiscuously, we
come to one which demonstrates that heat can be produced by
burning air, and which will be admitted to be a very inex-
pensive fuel, whilst further on a nursery gymnasium, fitted
with all conceivable appliances for developing the infantine
biceps, is seen. Then we come to what is ind ed a labour-
saving appliance in the form of a clever piece of mechanism

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Afeil 1, iSSl.

to clean boots, the evolutions of the machine as it twists and
turns the boots either in removing the dirt, blacking, or polish-
ing, being interesting in the extreme. Knife cleaners are in
abundance, but " something new" is shown in a capital con-
trivance for cleaning forks. Then we come to patent bedsteads
which do almost everything but give a guarantee against the
baby crying or pate' being awakened, whilst again we see a
novel contrivance for pruning trees without the aid of ladders
or the extremely hard work of using the hand knife. All the
large makers are represented in the many kinds of sewing,
knitting, &c., machines; whilst patent ventilator, cork garden
ornament, washer and wringer, curtain tightener, and numerous
other manufacturers are also " placed."

Perhaps the features of the show are the demonstrations of
various kinds of labour by the inmates of Dr. Barnardo's and
the Eev. T. B. Stephenson's Boys' Homes and the Berners-
street Asylum for the Blind. The lads of the Homes were
busily engaged in carpentering, shoemaking, tailoring, print-
ing, wood sawing and chopping, brush making, boot cleaning,
&o., all of which of course is immeasurably better for their
present and future welfare than wandering half-famished
and insufficiently clothed about our streets and serving an
apprenticeship to crime which, as a rule, proves most disastrous
to them. The operations of the blind persons were also
watched with interest, and their precision of workmanship
subject for wondering comment.

Freemason's Chrm:icle, March 12, 1881.

On Monday, at the Agricultural Hall, Islington, was opened
what must certainly be described as a novelty in the way of
exhibitions, and, as it will remain open till this day week, we
think our readers will be interested if they visit the Hall.
They will there see collected together every variety of imple-
ment in every-day domestic use. Theie will be found the
latest and most approved inventions in sewing machines,
washing machines, knife-cleaners, heating and cooking stoves,
and in every imaginable kind of domestic appliance. There
are likewise included many displays of articles in constant use
among all classes of householders, such, for instance, as the
mats, baskets, &c., which are the handiwork of blind opera-
tives— this particular collection being placed in the centre of
the building. There are, too, others which find favour with
residents in suburban districts, such as lawn-mowers and
tents, together with bicycles for the athlete, and carriages,
and, above all, billiard tables for the weakhy. One stall, in
particular, attracted our attention, that of Bro. Edwards, of
the Kingsland-road, who, by the way, is on the eve of moving
into larger and more commodious premises in the same neigh-
bourhood, so rapid has been the increase in his business
during the last few years. Bro. Edwards exhibits three well-
made billiard tables, besides bagatelle and other tables and
apparatus of a cognate character. All these, with the balls,
cues, &c., &c., are a credit to the establishment by which they
are manufactured. Our attention was especially attracted by
an oak cabinet, so constructed as to support a roller marking
board for billiards, and a pool marking board for twelve
players, having slate in centre, and a pool money till with
glass front ; while at the same time in the drawers, &c., &c., is
provided ample accommodation for wines, cigars, &c., &c.
This cabinet combines most admirably the useful with the
ornamental, and no better specimen of Bro. Edvpards's manu-
facture could, we think, have been shown. We were also much
pleased with the group of pianos sent by Mr. Justin Browne,
of 237 and 239, Euston-road. They were handsome in
appearance, and the tone left nothing to be desired. More-
over, they have the further advantage of being comparatively
modest in price.

The Ironmonger, March 12, 1881.

On Monday an exhibition of domestic labour saving appli-
ances was opened at the Agricultural Hall. The exhibition
has bean carried out under the auspices of Mr. Messent, a
gentleman well known in connection with certain undertakings,
and the name he has selected is well calculated to draw the
general public to it in large numbers, and as it is to remain
open until the evening of the 17th, there will be plenty of time,
let us hope, for promoter and exhibitors to recoup themselves.

Turning lo the exhibits, we are bound to say they consist, to a
large extent, of those that we are accustomed to see, more or
less, at every exhibition held in this building, and there are
many articles shown in which our readers would feel no
interest from a trade point of view. Amongst the. general
exhibits, Mr. George Kent, of Holborn, held theplace d^honneur,
whichisnow tacitly admitted to be the centre of the hall. Here
is built up a massy square, edifice composed mainly of his cele-
brated knife machines, of which some dozens are used in the
erection, interspersed with all kinds of domestic labour saving
utensils, with which Mr. Kent's name is now associated, and
which naturally attracts considerable attention. In this line
of business, though, of course, on a much smaller scale, we
have the exhibits of Messrs. Spong and Co. ; Ellis, Fleet-
stx-eet, who, in addition, sent his portable Turkish bath aad
"Facile" bicycle, which we described on a recent occasion;
Lyon, Windmill-street, Piusbury ; Davis and Co. ; and Messrs.
Hood and Son, Hatton-garden, who have an independent
tasteful enction, with an excellent assoi'tment of the "Lady-
help," "Despatch," and "Perfection" machines.

Washing machinery is rather extensively exhibited, although
we miss the name of Bradford and Co. amongst them. The
largest display is that of Thomas and Taylor, of Stockport,
Manchester, and London, who exhibit their well-known
" Eccentric " washing machines, both for steam and hand
power, with wringers, mangles, &c., of various sizes, also the
Eoyal prize " Eccentric '' churn and other dairy utensils.

The Household Washing and Mangling Machine Company,
Devonshire-street, E.G., have an assortment of the machines
bearing this name; J. M. Bell and Co., Oxford-street, W.C.,
are present with the " Home " washer and accessories ; the
Anglo-American Laundry Supply Company, Fann-street,
Aldersgate-street, show the "Agitator" washing machinery,
and their patent shirt, collar, and cuff ironing and polishing
machines, heated by gas ; Thomas Green and Son, Leeds, and
Blackfriars-road, have their patent washing machines, for both
steam and hand power, mangles, wringers, &c. ; Harper
Twelvetrees, with " Villa" washer, "Cottage" mangles, &c. ;
and Wilding, on Messrs. Ewart and Sons' stand, with his
" Swift" washer.

Messrs. Wood and Parkinson, of Stockport, who have secured
the services of Mr. Forty, well known as the late representa-
tive of Mr. Wilding, the patentee of the "Swift" washer,
make a good display Avith their " Duplex " and other mangles,
wiingers, wash-tubs, &c., together with their "Segment"
washer. This little utensil has recently received an important
improvement, having had another roller added to the movable
quadrant, and the metal ends lengthened in the form of drop-
pieces or ears, which allow the water to run down them into
the tub, and entirely prevent splashing. Bennett and Hodg-
son's " Float " washer is also exhibited by the firm, and a
hexagon churn, in which the screws securing the lid are
pivoted on a circular base, and as soon as the nut is loosened
by one or two turns, can be turned over and the lid removed
without the necessity of taking them off entirely.

Messrs. Brown and Co., Piccadilly, show the Leeds gas-
cookers of Messrs. Beverley and Wylde, and other small gas-
stoves ; Mr. Harry Hunt, of Newington-green, makes an
attractive display with the " Crown Jewel " heating-stoves
that have i-eoeived previous notice at our hands, and Norton's
celebrated " Stanllyd " vein anthracite coal, for which he is
the sole London agent ; Ritchie and Co., St. Swithm's-lane,
with a large assortment of their patent lighting, heating, and
ventilating stoves for gas and oil ; Mr. Charles Portway,
Halstead, Essex, " Tortoise " slow combustion stoves ; Brown
and Green, Luton, and Bishopsgate-street, " Gem " cooking
stoves and ranges, ventilating and slow-combustion stoves ;
the Wilson Engineermg Company, High Holboin, with their
patent ranges ; and D. and T. Robertson, Sauohiehall-street,
Glasgow, and 120, Cheapside, patent ranges and Robertson's
patent Napierian coffee machines.

The Eagle Range and Foundry Company, of Lozells,
Birmingham, and 168, Fleet-street, London, have their usual
assortment of cooking-ranges and a new square slow-combus-
tion stove with fire-brick casing. They also show a new
large-sized portable griller, which can be placed in front of an
ordinary fireplace, an ordinary smoke-pipe conveying the pro-

ApfiiL 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ducts of the fire to the chimney. Tbis is easily taken to pieces
and made removable should it not be required in summer. We
understand Messrs. Spiers and Pond ai-e adopting these for
many of their country station refreshment-rooms. Messrs.
Chorlton and Dugdale, of Manchester, exhibit specimens of
their patent "Sunlight" cooking-stove, to which they have
added an improved hot-water apparatus. The ordinary
boiler, usually connected with a cooking- stove, is here dis-
pensed with, bul in its place, and fixed at any convenient part
of the kitchen, is a cylinder boiler, and from this is run a coil
which passes through the stove, and is again attached to the
cylinder on the other side, forming the in and out let pipe;
there is also a draw-off pipe for supplying hob water to the
kitchen, &c. Above the cylinder the ai-rangements for supply
from the cistern are the same as in other heating apparatus.
The chief advantage this plan appears to give is complete
immunity from risk of expl'jsion, for so long as the pipes above
are not frozen, the cylinder must be always full, and when
freezing takes place, and all the water is drawn from it, no
danger can accrue, for the cylinder being away from the fire
wUl quickly become cool, and the fresh water, whenever
thawing takes place, comes into a cold reservoir instead of to
a heated boiler, the coil, to prevent danger from cold water
passing through heated pipes, being removable in a few
minutes. Should no other objection interpose, this idea
appears to point to the discontinuance of boilers in our ordi-
nary kitchen ranges. The firm also exhibit their patent
" Excelsior " spring mattress and chairs in varied forms.

Of gas-engines there are two makers present, Mr. J. E. H.
Andrew, of Stockport, and Messrs. Crossley Brothers, Man-
chester, whose machines are too well known to need description
here. Instantaneous water-heaters are exhibited by Mr. Wm.
HeUier, Duke-stieet, Grosvenof-square ; by Messrs. Ewart and
Son, of Euston-road, whose " Crown " heater has been altered
to enable a smoke-pipe to be added to it, to carry off the
products from the gas, and by Mr. B. W. Maughan, of Cheap-
side, with his " Geyser."

Of ventilating apparatus we have Messrs. Eobert Boyle and
Co., who, as usual, show to advantage, having an assortment
of their self-acting air-pump ventilators for various purposes,
including soil-pipes, drains, and sewers, and models and plans
of their impruved system for ventilating steamships and public
works by means of boiler- furnaces ; Messrs. Kite and Co.,
Chalton-street, Euston-road, who, among other things, have a
little structure showing the roof of a stable or cowhouse with
their louvre and valve ventilator ; J. M. Taylor, Tuilerie-
street, Hackney-road, " Eclipse " chimney-top and ventilator ;
and Messrs. Ewart and Son, with their " Empress" ventilator.
Electric bells in their varied modes of appliance are shown by
Messrs. Gent and Co., Leicester, and Mr. Zimdars, of Gray's-
inn-road. Mr. Humphreys, of Albert-gate, Knightsbridge,
shows a good specimen of his portable iron houses. Messrs.
Nettlefold and Son, High Holborn, make an excellent display
of agricultural and h(/rticultural tools, their wooden coal-
vases, '• Coventry " lawn-mowers, &c., and the Standard
Manufacturing Company, Derby, are present with their
"Standard" tree-pruner, which has before been mentioned in
our pages.

The Silioated Carbon Filter Company have a handsome
stand, on which are displayed their numerous filters; David
Hart and Co., Wenlock-street, City-road, have a good assort-
ment of weighing machines ; Mr. Hindley, Bourton, Dorset,
shows a variety of his well-known horizontal and vertical
engines ; Mr. Wagstaff, of Dukinfield, Manchester, shows his
upright tubular saddle-boilers, which appear to be made on
economic principles ; and Messrs. Davis and Co, , Kennington-
park-road, have a varied assortment of barometers, thermo-
meters, lactometers, saccharometers, levels, microscopes, &o.
Messrs. Stott and Co., Oldham, are present with their patent
gas-governor, and a new burner-governor, which is said to be
very effective, and which, with an electro-gilt holder for the
globe, IS sold at a very low price. The Peckham Gas Burner
Oempany also show a variety of gas-burners, gas box-irons,
cooking-stoves, &c. Mr. Robert Adams, Great Dover-street,
has a well-filled stand of his specialties, including his patent
fanlights, compensating hinges, new patent safety wmdow,
which can be instantly changed from vsrtical sliding to swing-

ing sashes, new Venetian bHnd-holder, &c. The Keighley
Timber and Saw MiUs Company show their patent sashes, and
Carter and Aynsley, of Bishopsgate- street, have Melville's
patent sashes on view. The two last-named appliances have
been fully described in our columns on a former occasion.

Building and Engineering Times, March 12th, 1881.

On Monday last the series of metropolitan exhibitions for
the present yjar fairly commenced with the opening of the
above in the spacious hall at Islington, and as tbis is the
first of its kind which has been held there, the promoters may
be congratulated on the considerable measure of success which
has attended their efforts to bring together the latest novelties
in the way of labour-saving machinery and articles intended
for the promotion of household thrift. The catalogue is a
creditable production, and it contains the descriptive matter
dealing with the entries of 193 exhibitors. In some prefatory
remarks allusiou is made to the comparatively short period
which intervened between the issue of the prospectus and the
inauguration of the uudei taking, a reasonable hope being
expressed that with longer notice the next exhibiton of this
particular class will be eveu more successful than the present
one. Up to the 19th inst. residents in London and our country
cousins will have the opportunity of judging how far modern
manufacturers have simplified the processes connected with
the various requirements of domestic life. Time and labour
have grown to be of greater value in the hurry and rush of
nineteenth century existence, and the readiest means of con-
serving both has been the stimulus to a host of inventors.

Before passing on to a description of the principal exhibits
which will have a special interest to our readers, some remarks
seem to be called for on the part which philanthropic feeling
is doing to provide suitable and remunerative employment
for the othervirise destitute and afflicted classes. Among the
many objects of interest at this comprehensive display, is the
work which is being done before the onlookers by male and
female blind operatives under the auspices of the Association
for Promoting the General Welfare of the Blind, a society
which enjoys the patronage of Her Majesty, half the bench
of bishops, the Premier, and of course that of the present
Postmaster-General. The chairman of the executive committee.
Admiral Sir Edward Sotherby, K.C.B., informs us that this
admirable institution owes its origiu to Miss Gilbert, daughter
of the late Bishop of Chichester ; and this lady, who is her-
self blind, founded the association for the purpose of teaching
various trades to the adult blind, with the ultimate object of
employing them in the workshops of the association and at
their own homes. Eighty-seven men and women are thus pro-
vided with remunerative labour, and some of them may be
seen here engaged in the manufacture of brushes, baskets,
sash-iines, fancy woodwork, &o., all of which are being turned
out in such a way as to intensify the natural sympathy which
all must feel for those who work in a kingdom of darkness.
Funds, we understand, are needed to extend the society's
operations. Visitors will turn from this sphere of active
labour, to where numerous boys and girls from Dr. Barnardo's
Homes for Friendless and Destitute Children are busily em-
ployed in useful industries ; and close by again, some of the
boys from the Children's Home at Bonner-road, Victoria-
park, are to be seen at various pursuits under qualified in-
structors. Several of these boys — who, by the way, are
apprenticed to the different trades for four years— were working
at a carpentei-'s bench on the occasion of our visit, and the
specimens of carpentry in course of construction would do
credit to any joiner's shop. The united brass bands of these
institutions perform selections of popular music throughout
the day, under the baton of Mr. R. H. Mills, giving proof of
careful training. Enough has been thus said in a general way
to show that the Exhibition is well worth a visit.

Bazaar and Mart.

On Monday last the first London exhibition of domestic
labour-saving appliances opened at the Agricultural Hall,
Islington, and brought together numerous exhibits, ranging
from buttons and bell-pulls to steam and gas engines. Although
the show opened at ten in the morning it was some hours
' before the whole of the entries were placed in their positions,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtJENAL OJ DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, ISSl.

and up tu eight o'clock p.m. tlie ball presented anything but
a finished appearance, and as a general catalogue was unob-
tainable, we are unable to enter upon a detailed description.
The whole of the exhibits are on the ground floor, thus adding
to the comfort of visitors, the galleries being reserved as a
trying ground for bicycles and tricycles. Stands in the centre
of the hall are devoted to tailoring, bootmaking, brushmaking,
carpentering, and woodchopping, carried on by boys of one or
other of the Boys' Homes, while a place is also set apart for
girls, who are taught the book sewing and folding. Some of
the boots and brushes made by the boys presented a very
finished appearance. The Association for the General Welfare
of the Blind have also a stand, where the operat'ves work at
basket-making, &c.

The Warehouseman and Draper, March 19, 18S1.

This exhibition, which opened on the 7th, is to be continued
yet another week. We must therefore take it for granted
that the promoters are congratulating each other on tbe
success attending their eff'orts to interest the general public
.by a display of domestic labour-saving machinery. We believe
that knife cleaners, boot cleaners, sewing and knitting
machines, and washing and mangling machines, may be legiti-
mately included in this category, but as for all the other
exhibits, we fail to see the analogy — take, for instance, chairs,
garden seats, stoves, bedsteads, mattresses, show cases, cor-
sets, waxwork, cradles, lamps, and clocks. It must not be
understood, however, that we are taking exception either to
the introduction of goods that are not labour-saving, or to
the poor blind folk who are actually engaged with their hands
in the manufacture of baskets, brushes, sash-lines, fancy wood-
work, &c., for visitors appear to be equally entertained with
these, also with the boys and girls from Dr. Barnardo's Homes
for Destitute Children, and the boys from the Children's Home
at Victoria Park ; they are all engaged in the duties that have
been taught them at their respective schools. Indeed, the
crowd is always the thickest around the workshops of the
working community, whether of the blind or of the little
carpenters, tailors, shoemakers, printers, &c. ; and, let us add,
they turn out their work in a very creditable way. The united
brass bands, too, of these institutions constantly enliven the
time by playing a selection of popular music.

THE BICKFORD AUTOMATIC FAMILY KNITTER.

It is intended to be eminently and emphatically a family knittic g
machine, designed to meet completely a known and long-felt
domestic want. Its practical utility in the manufacture of sub-
stantial hosiery, in which it stands without a rival, is, of course,
its chief recommendation. But this is only one of the multiplied
uses to which it may be applied. There is scarcely an article of
fancy apparel or household adornment that cannot be made
upon it with perfect facility and ease. The taste and ingenuity
of the operator is the only limit to the variety of style and
quality of the work it may be put to do. There is scarcely
any kind of female industry which in so large a degree com-
bines reoieation with work, pleasure with profit, occupation for
the mind without wearmess of the body, and utilises the small
intervals of time that otherwise would be spent in idleness, as
the peculiarly domestic employment of knitting. The frugal
and industrious matron will busy herself at odd times and spare
moments at nimbly plying the needles in making stockings,
mittens, and other articles of wearing apparel for the comfort
of the family ; while the lady of wealth will occupy her leisure
in the more elaborate fancy crochet work, and find amuse-
ment in devising some new form of stitch to apply to novel
articles for ornamental use.

The old methods, however, are too slow for real economy,
and the necessity has arisen for a more rapid method of pro-
ducing useful and ornamental knit-work by mechanical means,
which will, in an equal degree, combine pleasure and profit
without weariness. This result is completely attained in the
improved and perfected Bickford Knitting Machines.

Th« machine now manufactured by this company exhibits

the very finest workmanship, and is designed to meet every
want of the household.

It is so arranged that the work is easily and quickly set up,
and will make any stitch, plain or fancy, that can possibly be
knit by hand. It will also narrow or widen (knitting a flat
web of any width with selvedge on each edge) to form any
shape or garment required (including stockings and socks of
every size and material, with heel and toe complete,) iismg
from seventy-two to two hundred needles.

Thus the following articles, with scores of others, may be
readily produced upon it : Socks, scookings, mittens, leggings,
wristlets, gloves, scarfs, tidies, frmges, slippers, sashes, capes,
drawers, undershirts, skirts, trimmings, tuftings, toilet and
lamp mats, skating caps, smoking caps, cushion and ottoman
covers, suspenders, looped trimmings, carriage and door mats,
muffs and collars, table and piano covers, hoods, ladies', gentle-
men's, and children's underwear of every kind, and many other
articles, with either close or open work, of various sizes, with
either coarse or fine yam of wool, cotton, linen, or silk.

Any of the above articles may be beautifully varied in an
infinite variety of designs in form, colour and stitch,, according
to the capacity, skill and taste of the operator. Stockings and
other articles knit on this machine can be made in any desired
size or shape, and do not require to be stretched and moulded
on " forms," as in the case with goods made on poor imitation
machines.

As the yarn is not strained at all in knitting it may be
raveled out and knit over again, fifty times if desired.

A great advantage of this machine is, that cylinders of
various grades of fineness will fit the same machine, adapting
it to all kinds of work, from the coarsest to the finest, thus
obviating the necessity of buying two or more entire machines
to work on very fine or coarse yarn. They also have a new
device for taking up slack yarn, in knittmg heels and toes and
all work where one knits backford and forward, which is self-
acting, in connection with the spring take-up.

The machine knits socks in two ways. By one method the
toe is formed first complete ; the foot and heel next complete ;
then the leg is knit, making a sock " complete," except to bind
ofi' the top. No heel or toe to close. By the other method the
leg is knit first, the top .being bound off or finished in setting
it up, the heel is turned and completed, the foot and toe knit,
and when it comes from the machine has to be closed one-half
of the diameter of the foot. Double heels can be knit to all
socks if wanted.

The agents for England for this machine are Messrs. E. S.
Daville and Co., 46, Wood-street, Liverpool.

EMBEZZLING THE MONEY OF A SEWING MACHINE
MANUFACTUEER.

John Sharman, commission agent, Overstone-road, North-
ampton, was charged on remand recently with fraudulently and
feloniously embezzling several sums of money, amounting to
£15 17s. 6d., received by him on account of his employers,
Messrs. J. and T. Wilkinson, sewing machine dealers, Wel-
lingborough, about six months since. — Mr. Andrew prosecuted.
Mr. 0. C. Becke defended the prisoner. — Mr. Andrew said the
prisoner would be indicted on two charges — the first for having
embezzled three sums to the amount of £13 18s., and further as
the clerk and servant of the firm for having falsified his
accounts. The prisoner went into the employ of the firm at
Wellingborough about three years previously. It appeared
that twelve months last Christmas prisoner was detected as
having applied several sums ©f money to his own use, and was
to have been discharged, but owing to his pleading, it was

April 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

agreed that he should have the charge of the depot at North-
ampton, the amount of his defalcations to be deducted from
hia commission. Accordingly Sharman was sent to North-
ampton. The agreement which was signed was somewhat
Taried. He was to receive 10s. regularly as salary, and he was
also to collect money from sales which had been effected, and
to make weekly balance sheets. On account of a man named
Richardson the prisoner received £o 8s. He then made false
entries, and only returned £3 10s. On account of a Mr.
Harrison the amount of £6 10s. had been received by prisoner,
and he had only accounted for 10s. ; and in the case of Miss
Smith he received £7 and only accounted for £1. Last
Christmas Mr. Wilkinson took stock, and on examining the
ledger he found that a Mr. Eyre had had goods debited to
him to the amount of £11 6s. 4d., whereas Eyre only owed £7.
Mr. Andrew said that that was done because the goods were
not in the shop, and consequently prisoner had to book the
goods sold to some one to make up the balance of his stock.
Prisoner had received from March to January the sum of
£60 8s. 7d. on account of sales and commission, and the salary
due to him of £28 7s. 6d. was to be dec'ucted from his previous
defalcations. — John Wilkinson, a partner in the firm of
Wilkinson and Co., said the agreement produced was that
signed by the prisoner, and by it he was to act as manager,
clerk, and traveller, and to receive commission and salary. The
commission tbe prisoner had received was 7h per cent, on
machines and os. per cent, on silks. The salary amounted
to 10s. per week, with house, coal and gas. Prisoner was to
give the whole of his time to the work of the firm. Prisoner
had to keep a cash book, ledger, and a machine ledger, and
had to make a balance-sheet, which was to be sent to Wel-
lingborough every seven days, with the amount of cash re-
ceived and goods sold. In the cash book there was an account
to the name of Thomas Eichardson. There was £1 paid on
June 19, 1880. On July 22, 1880, Mr. Richardson paid another
£2, and on December 2 another 10s. was debited to Richard-
son. All the entries were in prisoner's handwriting. In the
ledger £3 10s. was credited to Eichardson. In his weekly
balance-sheet prisoner had given credit to Richardson for £3
10s., and that was the whole of the money he had credited
Eichardson with. In the cash book there was also 10s. entered
as received from Robert Harrison. Two sums of 5s. and one
of 10s. were entered in the books as being paid by Miss Smith.
In the silk ledger the name of Mr. Eyre, of Long Buokby, to
the date of January, 1881, appeared, and he was charged with
31bs. of 18 yellow silk at £3 ; 31bs. of 20 black £2 16s., 3
dozen of thread 9s., and repairing machine l5s. The counter-
foil cheque book agreed with the entries. To the account
of Frederick Muscott, Long Buckby, to January 12, was
entered 21bs. of 18 yellow silk £2, 21ds. of black silk, ^1 I7s. 4d.;
three dozen of 12 thread 9s. ; making a total of £4 6s. 4d. To
the account of William Muscott, of Long Buckby, was
entered lib. of 18 yellow silk, £1 ; 31bs. of 20 black silk,
£2 6s. Od. ; three dozen of thread, 9s., making a total of
£4 5s. ; and all the amounts described agreed with the
duplicate cheque book. The prisoner came to manage
their business in Northampton in March last, having
been transferred from Wellingborough. — By Mr. Becke :
There was a sum of abovit £28 17s. 6d. outstanding to
prisoner for commission on machines sold, he having 10s. for
commission on every boot machine and 5s. on every hand
machine. He could not tell how many machines the prisoner
had sold since his engagement. — (Prisoner: 248). — The
pi-isoner had not sold anything like that number. In his
(witness's) ledger the prisoner was debited with every machine,
but onlv as manager. All machmes sent to the prisoner were
invoiced direct to him, and the invoicf s entered into a book.
They were really debited and credited to the Northampton
depot. Witness visited Northampton frequently, and could look
at the books whenever he pleased. The cash was sent to witness
by carrier. When they took stock at Christmas they found a
deficiency, and that the prisoner had had more goods than
rendered in his balance-sheet. He did not then enter into an
arrangement with the prisoner to pay the deficiency off in
10s. a week. The prisoner offered to do that, but he did
not accept it. An agi-eement in writing, to the effect that
such an arrangement should be carried out, was prepared

by their solicitor, Mr. Heygate, at Wellingborough, but was
never signed. The prisoner and witness went to the sohcitor's
oifioe to have the agreement prepared about the middle of
February. One of the terms of that agreement was not that he
was not to talk about the matter. The prisoner did not refuse
to sign the agreement because witness had been talking about
the matter. The prisoner did not meet him according to pro-
mise to sign the agreement, and as he had not signed and
went away he applied for a warrant for his apprehension. —
Re-examined : When the agreement was talked about he had
no idea that the amount of defalcations was so large as it was.
The letter produced, dated March 16th (the day the prisoner
surrendered), was in the prisoner's handwriting, and asked the
firm to deal leniently with him for the sake of his wife. — ■
Thomas Eichardson, living at 4, Ecton-street, Northapmton,
said that he purchased, on the 19th June last, a sevnng
machine from the prisoner for £7. Witness paid £1 down,
and the I'eisainiler, £5 6s. (14s. having been allowed as dis-
count), on the 22nd day of July. He received the receipt
produced from the prisoner. Witness denied paying prisoner
the various sums which were entered to him by pi-isoner on
the 22nd July and on the 2nd December. — Frederick Barham
said he acted as collector and canvasser to Messrs. Wilkinson.
He had a conversation with prisoner having reference to the
machine purchased by Eichardson, in consequence of beiug
instructed by Messrs. Wilkinson to collect and examine all the
prisoner's books. He asked prisoner where the machine in
question was, and he said it was not at Ecton-street, but at
Ecton. He subsequently went to Ecton-street and found the
machine and a bill showing that the machine was paid for. —
Robert Harrison, rivetter, Bath-street, said he jiurchased a
machine from the prisoner in August last, and the receipt pro-
duced was the one given him by the prisoner. The price was
to be £6 10s. A few days afterwards he paid the £6 at the
request of the prisoner, and on October 2 the remaining 10s. —
Adela Smith, Clark's-yard, St. George-st., Northampton, said
she bought a machine of the prisoner on the 29th September
last, for which she produced the receipt. The price was £7,
but she paid £6 lOs. for it on the 16th Oct., receiving the other
lOs. as discount. She did not pay him any sum of £1 8.=. on
the 28th October, or two sums of os. on the 18th November. —
James Eyre, boot manufacturer. Long Buckby, deposed that
he did not purchase any silk or thread from the prisoner as
entered in the book on tbe 5th January, to the amount of
£6 5s. He did owe 14s. 6d. at that time to the firm, which he
had since paid to Mr. Bavbam, the collector. He did not
receive any invoices of the silk or thread stated to have been
sold to him, but he did receive an invoice of the 14s. 6d.
which was owing for the repair of a machine. — By Mr. Adkius:
There were other persons by the name of Eyre at Long Buckby,
but not in the shoe trade. — John Muscott, shoemaker. Long
Buckby, said he did not have silk and thread to the value of
£4 OS. supplied to him from the firm in January last. He had
traded with the firm for two years. There was a Wm. Muscott
living at Long Buckby. — Frederick Muscott, shoemaker, Long
Buckby, said he did not purchase silk and thread from the
prisoner in January last to the amount of £4 6s. 4d., and no
invoice had been sent to him for such goods. — This was the
case for the prosecution, and Mr. Becke, in defence, said he
could not disguise from himself that there was sufficient evi-
dence to warrant the Bench in sending the case to another
tribunal, and, therefore, he would not address the Bench. He
would, however, ask the Bench to consider the question of
bail. There was, he said, a strong reason why bail should be
granted, as the case was one of matters of account, and he
would want to be out to give the necessary instructions for his
defence. Another point m the prisoner's favour was that he
voluntarily surrendered himself, and that showed that he
wished to court the fullest enquiry, and, if guilty, not to
escape his punishment. — Mr. Andrew said he did not wish to
oppose bail, but, if granted, he thought, after looking at the
character of the offence, it should be of a substantial character.
— The prisoner was then cummitted to take his trial at the
next Quaiter Sessions, bail being granted the prisoner in his
own recognizances of £200, and sureties of £100 and £50.
The father of the prisoner became surety for £100 and the
second surety was not forthcoming at the rising of the Court,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Aprjl ], ibSI.

WEIGHT V. WHEELER AND WILSON MANUFAC-
TURING COMPANY.

This was an action to recover damages for malicious pro-
secution and false imprisonment. Tlie defendants pleaded
reasonable and probable cause.

Mr. Edward Clarke, Q.C., and Mr. Woolf appeared for the
plaintift'; and Mr. Waddy, Q.C., and Mr. Corrie Grant repre-
sented the defendants.

The plaintiff, Mr. Alfred Stafford Wright, carries on business
in Shoreditoh High-street, as a seller of sewing machines, sup-
plied by different firms, and the defendants are well-known
sewing machine manufacturers and patentees of the Wheeler
and Wilson sewing machii.es, possessing a manufactory in
Germany and a shop in Regent-street. It appeared that a
Mrs. Ann Oliver obtained a sewing machine from the plaintiff,
with an allegation that it was a Wheeler and Wilson machine.
Finding subsequently that it was not a machine manufactured
by the defendants, she took out a summons on March II, 1880,
against the plaintiff, for obtaining £6 10s. from her by mis-
representation as to the character of the machine. The
plaintiff alleged that the defendants instigated and supported
the prosecution. At the hearing of the charge at the Middlesex
Sessions, on April 19, evidence was given to the effect that
although the machine was not manufactured by the defendants
it was one known in the trade as a Wheeler and Wilson
machine. The judge interposed and granted a certificate of
acquittal, and the plaintiff brought the present action to
recover a sum of £48, as expenses for his defence, in addition
to other items.

The jury gave a verdict for the plaintiff with £150 damages,
and judgment was given accordingly.

The following list has heen compiled expressly for the "Sewing
Machine Gazette," by G. P. Redfeen, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 531. W. S. Clark and E. Davenport, both of Manchester,
for an improved clothiers' pressing and ironing
machine. Dated February S, 1881.

„ 533. W. Mickelwright, of Shepherd's Bush, and A. G.
Gladwyn, of Hammersmith, both in London, foi
improvements in or applicable to bicycles, tricycles,
and other similar machines. Dated February 8,
1881.

„ 594. H. G. H. Berkeley, of Oxford - terrace, Hyde Park,
London, Student-at-Law, for improvements in
bicycle and other velocipedes. Dated February 11,
1881.

„ 604. J. H. Gosling, of Southsea, Hampshire, for improve-
ments in bicycles, tricycles, and other velocipedes.
Dated February 11, 1881.

„ 638. J. H. Palmer, of Aston-juxta-Birmingham, Machinist,
for improvements in bicycle and other vehicles.
Dated February 15, 1881.

„ 650. A. M. Clark — a communication from C. Coupland and
J. H. Tingue, both of Seymour, Connecticut,
United States, for improvements in looms for
weaving. Dated February 15, 1881.

„ 66'^. H. J. Svvindley, of Kensington, London, Civil Engineer,
for improvements in bicycles and other velocipedes.
Dated February 16, 1881.

„ 671. A. Kirby, of Bedford, for improvements in the con-

struction of velocipedes and apparatus connected
therewith. Dated February 16, 1881.

677. A. Anderson and G. Browning, both of Glasgow, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated February
16, 1881.

679. J. Harrington, of Norman's-buildings, Old-street, St.
Luke's, London, for improvements in tricycles and
bicycles. Dated February 16, 1881.

703. J. H. Smith, of Nottingham, for improvements in
knitting machines and apparatus applicable there-
to. Dated February 18, 1881.

729. G. G. M.Vernum, of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer,
for improvements in bicycles and tricycles, and
other velocipedes. Dated February 19, 1881.

753. G. W. Ash, of Southsea, Hampshire, for improvements

in or applicable to bicycUs. Dated February 22,
1881.

754. G. Singer, of Coventry, Warwickshire, and A. W.

Metcalfe, of Clifton, Gloucestershire, Engineering
Student, for improvements in bicycles and other
velocipedes. Dated February 22, 1881.

756. J. Booth, of Ovenden, near Halifax, Yorkshire,
Manufacturer, for improvements in the manufac-
ture of knitted or looped fabrics, and in machinery
or apparatus employed therein. Dated February
2i, 1881.

758. C. Heap, of Rochdale, Lancashire, Fuller, for improve-
ments in or applicable to machines for tentering or
drying fabrics. Dated February 23, 1881.

763. J. Buckley, and J. C. Buckley, both of Leeds, for

improvements in apparatus for pressing, smoothing,
and finishing garments or parts of garments, also for
pressing woollen or other woven or felted fabrics.
Dated February 23, 1881.

764. W. A. Carr, of Manchester, Manufacturer, for im-

provements in dobbies used in looms for weaving,
applicable wholly or in part to shuttle changing
motions. Dated February 23, 1881.

779. J. P. Cox, of Nottingham, Bleacher and Lace
Finisher, for improvements in steam presses for
the finishing of lace and other manufactured
goods where a light finish is required. Dated
February 24, 1881.

825. W. Chffe, Machine Maker, and F. E. Ainley, Sciibbling
Engineer, both of Golcar, near Huddersfield,
Yorkshire, for an improved method of and appa-
ratus for feeding wool and other fibres to scribbling
and carding machinery. Dated February 26,
1881.

830. H. Kinder, of Leicester, for improvements in tricycles.
Dated February 26, 1881.

837. F. Caldwell, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for im-
provements in machinery and apparatus to be
employed in the manufacture of knitted fabrics.
Dated February 28, 1881.

848. H. H. Lake— a communication from J. M. Fair, of
Buffalo, New York, United States, for iinprove-
ments in the construction of sewing machinery,
which improvements are partly applicable for other
purposes. Dated February 28, 1881.

856. W. Mather, of Manchester, Engineer, for improve-
ments in machinery loi stentering, stretching,
and drying textile fabrics. Dated March 1, 1881.

860. L. Appleton, of Brecknock-crescent, London, Account-
ant, for improvements in machinery or apparatus
for cleaning knives. Dated March 1, 1881.

878. W. Smith, H. Smith, and S. Stell, all of Keigbley,
Yorkshire, Commission Wool Combers, for im-
provements in machinery or apparatus for combing
wool and other fibrous substances. Dated March
1, 1881.

888. J. Smith, of Thornliebank, Renfrew, North Britain,
Engineer, for improvements in apparatus for
drying woven fabrics and other warps. Dated
March 2, 1881.

891. T. Humber, T. E. Marriott, and F. Cooper, all of
Beeston, Nottinghamshire, for improvements in
the construction ot wheels for bicycles and other
vehicles. Dated March 2, 1881.

911, J. and C. B. Challis, both of Sidney-road, Homerton,
London, for improvements in or relating to veloci-

April 1, 1831.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

pedes, applicable in part to other purposes. Dated
March 3, 1881.

„ 920. J. F. M. Pollock, of Leeds, for improvements in press-
ing and ironing machines. Dated March 3, 18-<1.

„ 929. J. Hopwood, of Heaton Norris, Laocashire, for improve-
ments in the constiuction of velocipedes. Dated
March 4, 1881.
931. W. Trafford, of Leet, Staffordshire, Silk Manufacturer,
for improvements in machinery for spinning,
Tveio^hing', sortingr, sizing, doubling, twibtiuty,
thro^ring, stretching, and reeling into skeins silk
or other fibrous materials. Dated March 4. 1881.

„ 948. W. A. Barlow— a communication from W. v. Krause,
of Neusalz-on-the-Oder, Germany, for a new or
improved meat chopping or mixing machine.
Dated March 5, 1881.

„ 959. E. Whitehall, of Nottingham, for improvements in
machinery and apparatus to be employed in pro-
ducing knitted and crocheted fabrics. Dated
March 7, 1881.

„ 972. C. G. Hawkins, of Leyton-ioad, Forest-gate, London, for
improvements in tricycles and othar velocipedes.
D.^ted March 7, 1881.

,, 1,001. K. C. Fletcher, of Tarleton Eectory. near Preston,
Lancashire, Clerk in Holy Orders, for improve-
ments in velocipedes. Dated March 9, 1881.

„ 1,020, J. B. hobeitsoD, of Lurgan, Armagh, Ireland, for im-
provements in sewing machines. Dated March 9,
1881.

Lietters Patent have been issued for the following' : —

„ 3,347. W. E. Bull, of Angellroad — partly a communication
from H. F. Kimber, of St. John's-road, both in
London, for improved hpp-jiatus for carrying
luggage on a bicycle or similar vehicle. Dated
August 18, 1880.

„ 3,507. T. Pearson and J. Taylor, both of Bolton, Lancashire,
for an improved construction of bobbin and siiuttle
tongue for shuttles. Dated August 30, 1880.

„ 3,524. J. Beresford, of Altrincham, Cheshire, for an improved
conbination of machinery and apparatus for
cleansing and polishing silver or other metal, and
knives, forks, and other articles of domestic use,
applicable also a.= a motor for operating, minciog,
grinding, and other similar machines. Dated
August 31, 1880.

„ 3,589. B. Berry, Meclianir', and Samuel Sowden Freeman,
Spinner, both of Bradford, Yorkshire, for improve-
ments in spinniog and in apparatus connected
thtrewith. Dated September 3, 1880.

„ 3,715. S. Chatwood, of Cannon-street, London, Safe and Lock
Engineer, for improvements in Iricycles and like
vehicles. Dated September 11, 1880.

„ 3,774. F. W. Schwarzbach, of Naumburgh-on-the-Gaale,
Prussia, lor an improved self-acting net-die for
knitting machines. Dated September 17, 1880.

„ 3,798. W. Jennings, Spinner, and T. Whitaker, Manager,
both of Bradford, Tork^hire, for im^iri>vement< in
spinning machinery. Dated September 18, 18»-0.

„ 4,036. H. J. Haddan, a communication Irom J. Keith, of
Rhode Island, United Stales, for improveinents in
sewing-machines. Dated October 5, 1880.

„ 4,037. L. Avis, ot Covtntry, Warwickshii-e, for improvements
in velocipedes. Dated October 5, 1880.

„ 4,560. K. Curtis, Machine Maker, and W. H. Rhodes Fore-
man, both of Manchester, for impioveiiients in
machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and
other fibrous materials. Dated November 6, 1880.

„ 5,192. J. C. Fell, of Ashton-under-Ljne, Lancashue,
Machinist, for impiovements in spinning machinery.
Dated December 11, 1880.

„ 5,262. A. Storer — a communication from L. BoUmann and
J. Bollman, both of Penzing, Austria, for improve-
ments in apparatus for overhead sewing. Dated
December 14, 1880.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 639. F. A. Fitton, of Manchester, Spindle and Flyer Maker,
tor improvements in spindles and flyers Ubed in
machines for preparing, spinning and duubliuc
Dated February 15, 1878. "

No. 716. T. Bayliss, J. Thomas, J. Slaughter, and J. Elliott, all
of Coventry, Warwickshire, for certain improve-
ments in bicycles and other manumotive machines.
Dated Febiu'ry 21, 1878.

„ 758. H. and C. IK. Williams, both of Ashton-under-Lyne,.
Lancash're, lor impiovements in heald knitting
machines. Dated Febiuary 23, 1878.

„ 7 75. P. A. Kautz. Engineer, of Hamburg, Germany, foe
improvements in sewing machines. Dated Feb-
ruary 25, 1878.

„ 860. Q. D. Scott, of Derby, and G. H. Phillott. of Chelten-
ham, Glouce.'-ter.ihire, for imprC'vements in veloci-
pedes, especially applicable to that description of
velociped) s known as bicycles. Dated March 2,
1878.

,. 602. G. Griffiths, of Birmingham, for improvements in sew-
ing machines, shuttles, and reels. Dated February
18, 1874.

„ 728. J. Hancock, of Nottingham, for improvements in the
manufacture of kniited fabrics, and in machinery
employed therein. Dated February 26, 1874.

,, 795. N. Sa'.amou— a commiinica'ion from H. Lippman and
W. Lind, both of Hamburg, Germany, for im-
provements in pevviug machines, part of which
improvements is applicable to the driving of other
machinery. Dated March 4, 1874.

Spbcikcationk Published DuKiNa thk Month.

So. 2,088.

„ 2,591

„ 2,689

,. 2,781.

„ 2.859.

„ 2,900.

„ 3,000.

„ 3,<il5.

„ 3 061.

„ 3.068.

„ 3,102.

„ 3,105.

„ 3,109.

„ 3.118.

„ 3,158.

„ 3,161.

„ 3,194.

Postage Id. each extra.

T. McG/ah and W. Bown, automatic thread

winders for sewing machines, &c.
H. J. Lawson, velocipedes, &c. ...
G. Leidman and C. Bei ger, velocipedes, &c. ...

E. Taylor, driving and reversing gear for wash-
ing, wringing, and mangling machines

F. H. P. Engel, sewing machines
T. Fletcher, sewing mai;hines

H. J Haddan, circular knitting machines
H. J. Haddan, machinery for spinning ...
S. Chatwood, tvicycles, io.

W. M. Lett, bicycles

T. Williams, jun., apparatus for cutting and

mincing sausage meat, &o.
J. Bnnner, bicycles, tricjcles, &c.
E. Clements, wringing machines
H. J. H iddan, sewing machines ...
H. H. Lake, knitting machines ...
E. Wiseman, sewing machines ...
W. Robinson, pianofortes ..

s. d.

Postage and Receipt Stamps. — The statement that Mr.
Gladstone has recently promised to make one stamp do duty for
postages and receipts has caused some correspondence in the
daily papers with reference to the real originator of the idea,
which is claimed fur an official in the Post Office depart-
ment. This may be so ; but, practically, every collector of
postage stamps (and there are many) knows that the
interchangeable stamp has long been in use in soma
of our West Indian Colonies, and that fiscal stamps have been
occasionally used for postal purposes in India, Hong Kong,
and Queensland. The same custom has prevailed for some
time in South America (notably in Venezuela) and elsewhere.
While the Government are about to study the public con-
venience in allowing the use of the one stamp for both
purposes, we suggest that they might with advantage withdraw
the issue of separate stamps for telegrams. The inconvenience
of having distinct stau.ps for payment of telegrams is
even greater than that <if having a separate receipt stamp,
since the latter is of uniform value, while the charges for
telegrams are as various as those for letters. — Colonies and
India.

On the meeting of two friends the following colloquy
ensued: — "Where have you been?" "To my tailor, and I
had hard work making him accept a little money." "yott
aatonidh me ! Why ?" " Because he wanted more."

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Apbil 1, 1881.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

h t-l

: «

P.
4:1

CO
IS

,d
cS
l-l

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MANCHESTER

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
louWe Sec-
tion Hollow
Sims,18a.6d
per pair.

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market.

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent P.S.H.E. Eaccr is tlie lie-htcst mid most ripd machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicjcle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

ijOn^riDOisr.

S8, SX,-A-CIC3^.A-n5r ST.

INBTAEUBBFR BICYCLE and OAERIAGE TYRES of every description kept
in stock, and supplied by return. Indiaruhber Air Saddles, 78. 6d.. post free
All kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or finish, llustrated Price
List, 1 Stamp. Smith & Co., Indiaruljbcr Manufacturers, 87. Blackman-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANTJFACTUIIERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium IVIaciiine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MAJSrUFACTUBERS OP THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair.

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa " Lock-
stitch Sewing Machines, mid Royal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock- Stitch

Sewing

Machines from 27/- eiach.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. De Fontainemoreau If Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBXJBY, LONDONj

ALSO AT

:e>jl.:eix3 j^istid b:b,tjssexjS.

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £'!;■ Belgian, j68;

German, ^610 lOs.j United States, £17 lOs. Designs and Tiadfi

Marks Regi'stered. Circular gratis on application.

Apbil 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 41

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT). (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all otliers. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply marvellous, and must be seen to believed. j • i, k

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary copper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Machine and is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discDunt and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

TH ENTRY TRIUMPH " BICYCLES & TRICYCLES.

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

ESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

"India 3 Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and Tricycle

actures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE '* EXPRESS" BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

"WHOHi ES J^LE J^lSriD ^(D:R "B2C"POK.T.A.TI0 2sr-

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly caUed
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE" [$]

The ditto Hand ditto

NETT CASH,
RETAIL.

by the Half Doz.
WHOLESALE.

£4 14 6

£2 0 0

3 10 0

1 17 0

2 2 0

0 17 6

6 10 0

3 0 0

5 5 0

2 15 0

4 4 0

2 0 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES
3373 per cent, oif List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. IWOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely withont lxjbricants.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENALi OE DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Apbil 1, I8&1.

THE"BISSCHOP"GASESyGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lvbi'icafor, TT III nfirrf at a vwment's notice.

Power. Price.

OneMan «25 0 0

One-and-a-half Man 39 0 0

TwoMan 86 0 »

Four Man 50 0 0

<
P^
W

H
W
O

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18. Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

CLOTHES WRINGER

"^3 the leading Wringer of America.

111 f«(^<f>

cp
H

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G.;
8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

OILS.

IMPEEIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6" oz. Bottles.
CRYSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bult or bottle to order.
"SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

lu 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLK AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TURING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKER

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES,NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGEN I S for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists oe Samples on Application to

. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 loS,, OE WITH

IVIANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the! Fortnight's Family-
Wash in Four Hours, Tvithout sub-
BiNOr OK BOILING, as Certified by
thousands of delighted purchaser*
It is easy to -work, easily under
stood, strongly made, duiuble, doe-
not injme the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only Wash-
ing Machine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecesaaiy, and
saves five or six hours of coppers
firing each washing day. The Five.
Guinea "A''illa" Washer possesses-
tremendous washing power, and
■will waslx 15 dozen coUai-s and
ladies' cufi's in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in Svq
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour; 10 dozen bedroom towels pcp
hour ; 3 i dozen shiits per hour ; J i
dozen sheets per horn-, and counter-
panes, blankets, cuitains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is un-
paralleled! niustrated Pi-ospectuse*
and Expoi-t Quotations postfreeof

HARPER TWELVETREES,

lArNIUiT EXGIKEEK AKD MACHINIST,

80, FINSBUEY PAVEMENT, LONLON, E.G.

MORE ACiBINiTS WAfslTED.

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's "Paragon'
Washirg Machine.

APBII 1. 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

LIFE— By JAMES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
* Money,' and * Morality.*

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp. Price One
Shilling. Messrs. Simpkin, Marsliall & Co., St.itioners'-hall Court,
Ix>ndon, B.C.; Messrs. W. H. Smiths Son's Railway Bookstalls; Messrs. Willing
A Co.*3 Bookstalls ; and at every Booksellers.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C.,
will send a copy, post free, for It.

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE — Introduction. Is Life Worth Living ?

T IFE— Life of the Future, Culture, Health,

T IFE — Kecreation, Common Sense, Thrift.

T IFE — Compulsory Thrift, Man-iage, Happiness.

T IFE — Eeligion, Future Life, Human Destiny.

T IFE — Concluding Remarks.

LIFE — Page 24 : — ** Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men what a glorious tiling it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is — aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it^ What a mockery * Faith in God ' is whefi we reflect upon the melancholy
views the majority ot orthodox people have of it, going through the journey as au
ordeal to be borne as ra.Menlly and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but thine be done.' "

LIFE — Page 34 : — " Life is real, life should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an aim, an object in life ; and to be liajipy, to
«Djoy life, the object must be one worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's cliaracter so strong and true that they can be relied up ; men tliat wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE— Page 45 : — " The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the 'Great Unknown.* Life will be very
different once we get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
•nytJiing wroQg bat what lias been done by ourselves or others ; and that the wrong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it right.' "

LIFE — Page 102: — "Common sense denies that any
happy chance will do for a man what he is quit« unable to do for himself.
Oar happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith that our wages will l>e
in proportion to our deserts. Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanks in a lottery, by chance and indiscriminately ; but there is a reason for every
success and failure. Indolence, chicanery, waste will cause the one ; while industry,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.' "

LIFE— Page 173 :— " The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Creator's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe tliat God meant man to bo born weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' "

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have life. What shall we do
with it ? The world is like a vast manufactory, in which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Boliovo nic you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxici.! as it may seem,
while He hides himself behind them. He also reveals biniself through them. There
is no better way of understanding the Creator; the law, are emanations of the all-
beauteo'is mind ; Ihey shadow forth the divinity thai contrived them; we find the
more we study them, greater evidence that there is a Living God, a Father caring for
and loving His children."

MORALITY — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One Shilling.

]\/1 OEALITY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-

^ ' t ioners'-hail Court, London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway
BooksfciUs.

]\/IORALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,

XtJL W.C, will send acopy post free fur One Shilling.

MORALITY.— Page 202 : — " Make ,..-i feel we are under
the rule of ' One above who sees all,* and whose laws are never infi-Ingcd with
Impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to learn the wi:>he3,
and be happy by reverently obeying Him."

iVI OEALITY— Business— Money— Life.

MORALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C., will sead copy of any one of these works post free for le.

/[ ONEY — 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, price Ona-

'1 Shilling.

MONEY — Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-
hall C'lnrt, London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. rf. Smith & Son's Railway Boole-
stalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls; and at every Bookseller's.

MONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London>
W.C,, will send a copy, post free, for Is.

TV/r ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.

A/l ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

ONEY — Cm-rency : Gold Money, Silver Money.

ONEY — Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange. ,

ONEY — Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Interest.

ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics.

ONEY — Individual Success, National Prosperity.

ONEY — Concluding Remarks.

M
M
M
M

MONEY.— Page 28:— *'It is only by understanding
our monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit.* Our com-
mercial system is based upon feith ; cheques, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to the
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transactetl through the Cleat-ing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,* based upon
*credit.' Simply hy system and laiih, in conjunction with banking, this institution
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous amunnt, without tUa
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by boolikeepiDg or transfer of cheques, th»
debiting or crediting of A or B."

BUSINESS— 208 pages, cro-wn 8vo, cloth Hmp, price
One Shilling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-hall Court, London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway-
Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls : and at every liookseller's.

BUSINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,.
W.C., will send a copy, post ft-e, for Is.

"DUSINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS — Business Qualities, Health, Education,.
Observ.ation.

BUSINESS- Industry,
Punctuality.

Perseverance, Arrangement,.
USINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.

"DUSINE SS— Truthfulness, Integrity.

U SINE SS— Money, and what to do with it.

•nUSINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Reciprocity, Civil Service-
Stores.

13 USINESS — Co-o}ici;itive Trading, Conchtiling liemarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : — *' Commerce is guided by L-xws-
as inflexible as those of health or graviiaiion ; and the primary cause ot
failure in business may be Iraecd as unerrii;gly as the punishment that will surely
foUuw the infiingonieut of any uiher law of riatui-e."

BUSINESS.— Page 179— " From evei-y pulpit nnd in
every school tliroughrut the kingdom the ju'-iiiiialion of double dealing ;irid
trieUery upon the plea that it i.s imi-ossilite to get a living honestly by trade, or in any
vocation, should be dtii'Vinecd in the most unn.istakcuble language as a libel on
Providence, and tlie failure to sncceed be attributed to its real cause — the man's
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or piol'ession he follows."

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

April 1, 1881.

THE PATENT

>€OLUS" BALL BEA

AEE

TTN-IVEBSALLT

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PROOF,

DURABLE,

o
(A

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLIGHT

LUBRICATION.

EXEVAT'ON.

FEONT VLEW-

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews.

EIBVATION.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATEUR CHAMPIONSHIP EAOES on a Bicycle fitted with "^olus " Bearings,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five Miles.

In the SIX DATS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and some odd
laps without di^muun.ing from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILLIAM BOAVN,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Kequisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B. Considerable reduction in price of the " ^olus " Bearing-s this Season.

Printed for the Proprietors, and Published by them at 11, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE

AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

APRIL 1ST 1881.

NEW ARM 1VL\CHINE ,

made bv tlie

SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

ChiefOffice. 39, Foster Lane, LONDON, e.g.

o^-vf;? rf ComaemTf^/i/i

.6. //TTlsTmNfTY U.£.C.

The Household Washing, Wringing,
and Mangling Machines.

60,000 SOLD IN THREE YEARS.
GARVIE & Co..

5, New St., Bishopsgate St., E.G.

Vol. IX. No. 126.

MAY 1. 1881.

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

"^ GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

{lEL^'^^ri/M// Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, fic.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

PATENTED IN THE UNITED STATES
AND THROUGHOUT EUEOPE.

THE JEBERLING RUNNING STITOH SEWING MACHINE.

] THE NEW MACHINE

FOR

GAUGING, GATHERING, AND TUCKING,

INDISPENSABLE TO

Dressmakers, Mi/liners, Costume, Mantle,
and Underclothing Manufacturers, &c.

__ SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLETS TO

"AGENTS WANTED."

THE HEBERLING SEWING MACHINE CO., 46, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.

THE SEWIKG MACHrNE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.
KovELTiES IN Domestic Appliances : —

The Royal Pneumatic Fire Engine 19

The Biconic Knife Cleaner 19

The Save-All Cinder Sifter 19

Steil's B' ot Cleaning Machine 20

The Duplex Gas Stove 20

The Rex Knife Cleaner 20

Fielding's Gas Fire Lighter 21

The Ascension Table Filter 21

The Otto Bicycle 22

Electricity for Domestic Purposes 22

Improvements in Washing Machines 22

The Altona Exhibition 22

The Howe Machine Co.'s Works 23

Trade Name Nihilism 24

The Howe Tricycle 25

The Canvasser's Dream 26

Patents 27

Leaders 28

The Heberling Running-Stitch Machine 29

Law 30

Gazette 31

The Drummer 31

Prokter's Door Mat 32

The Zeromotor 32

Invention of the Stocking Loom 33

Tricycling by Steam 33

Boot Cleaning Machinery 34

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Devey, Joseph & Co 41

Harrington & Co 38

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 16

Nelson, Wright & Co 43

Smith, Thomas & Sons 30

Surrey Machinists Co 40

Warraan, Laxon & Co 41

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 10

Bown, W 44

Devey, Joseph & Co 38

Smith, Thomas & Sons 30

Warwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 35

Warwick, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery Manufacturers:

Blake and Goodyear Company 11

Howe Machine Co., Limited 8

Button Hole Machines :

American B.H.O. and Sewing Machine Company

Fork Cleaning Machine :

Hutchinson 8c Co

Gas Engine Makers .•
Andrew, J. E. H. . . ,
Crossley Brothers . . .

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 9

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Daville & Co 17

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile &Co 16

Evans, W.ilter & Co 14

Raworth, John T i

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 13

Bown, W 9

DaviUe, R. S. & Co 37

Manasse, Max 40

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Gritzner & Co 7

Holroyd, J 9

Howe Machine Company, Limited 8

Junker & Ruh 11

Mothersill, R 9

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 8

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company 4, 5

Thurlow, Charles , 40

W^anzer Sewing JIachine Company, Limited j8

Watson & Co 40

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co ,..,.,, 3

White Sewing Machine Company 6

Wright, G. E 40

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company 10

DaviDe & Co 17

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company , , 10

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 16

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co ^

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 44

Teade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 13

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Da\'ille & Co 17

Garrie and Co i

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley 11

Twelvetrees, Harper 12& 17

Theobald, E 12

Wolstencroft & Co 16

Whitley & Co 17

Taylor & Wilson 10

Taylor, F. D 12

SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page £4-

Half „

One Third Page 1

Quarter „

One Sixth
One Eighth

14, 0

per

insertion

2 2

1 8

1 2

0 15

0 12

THE AEISTON OIL COMPANY,

15, KIRBY STREET, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, E.G.
MAKERS OP SPECIAL SEWING MACHINE AND BICYCLE OILS.

Wholesale and for Export.

Mat 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOR

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from ^5 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the "GEAISTD PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8.— The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Stronglj recommended Price £7 lOs.

Uo. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the
thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work ,
Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work ,

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c ,

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & 2 Prices, £6 10s., £7 10s.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Haad Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efBciency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVER, complete, £5 5s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

L»ndon, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

49, Newington Causeway, b.Ji.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Bright(i«, 163, North Street.
Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middleshorough, 55, Newport

Koad.
Hull, 9, Sa?ile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 12C, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57, Tyrrel Street.
Edinljurgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, .32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

Mat 1, 1861.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold in the year i88o, being

at the rate of over i,8oo for every working day.

TEE GBEdT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attributable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch;

AND rOE THEIR

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

from

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4: Os.

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be without one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Sewing. So simple, a

child can work them.

MANUFACTTJBERS should see tli*
lyianufaoturing ISXachines !

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION!

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

323 Branch Offices in the XTnited Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newingtou Causeway, S.E.

149, South (cark Park Eoad, S.E.

S78, Clapham Eoad, S,W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eoad,
Canning Towp, E,

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S,E,
4a, North End, Croydon, S,E.

Mat 1, 188i THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SING

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapside, B.C. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bennondeey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S.W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street. Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W. ; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, -lii. North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES;

ENGLAND.

(Vccrington, 9, Peel-street
Mdershot, Victoria-road
Mfreton, 68, King-street
AsMord, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-LjTie, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church -street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow- in -FumesH, 11, Dalbeitb-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Bicprleswade^ Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street,
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., 'Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport-street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' fostit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st,, Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Ketit), 18, High-street
Burnley, HO, St. James' -street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St .-Edmunds, 78 , St . John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Cunterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadlc, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, l,Corporation-bldgp,
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, "Wellgate
Coalville, Station- street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lanca.'shire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry, 1 2, Fleet-street (oj

Bablake Ohurch)
Crewe, 87, Nantwich-road
Darlingtoi], 10, Prebend-row
bartford, 18^ High-strMt

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36. Park-street
Derby, 22, "Wardwick
Dews'bury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy-hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 6, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, "Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
■Rccles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, "Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, "WTiarf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema'.--jtre^t
Guernsey, 17, Smith-street
Guildford, 161. High-street
Halstead, 53, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, U, "Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heclanondwike,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Hertford, Forden House, "Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Osford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, "Wildman-street
Kiddenninster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38. "Windsor-street
Leed-s, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester, 44, Granby-street
Lewes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (Staffs.), 12, Market-ter.
Loughborou;rh, 44. Market-place
Lowestoft, 123, High-street i

Luton, 32, Park-street a
Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street
Mftid»toir, 8, King-st'^n

Maldon, High-street |

!105, Market-street,
132, Cheetham-hill!
438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, Hit^h-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton. Shropshirc-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,'

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport(I ofWight), 91,PyIe-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, "Wheeler gate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontefract, U, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-street (op-

posi^e Lune-street
Ram.sgate, 31, West ClifE-road
Rawtenstall, Bank -street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Bipley, Market-place
Lipon, 1, Blossomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham, 109, Main-street'
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, Hiprh-street
Ryde (Isleof Wight\ 78. Union-st,
Saffron Walden. Church-street
Salisbury, 56, Fish'^rvjn-street

' Salford, 4. Cross-^ane. and 100,

I Regent>-road

I Scarborongh, 30, TTuntri.ss-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingborne, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'..Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, W^od-st,
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote. Station c^reet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Taraworth. 54. Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-^^treet
Truro, 13, Victoria-place
Tunbridge "Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
"Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
"Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
"Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
"Watford, „Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
"Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5. New-street
■Whitehaven. 70, King-street
"Wignn, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street'
Windsor. 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wii-ksworth, North-end
"Wisbeach, 51. Market-place
"Wolverhampton, Queen-street
"Worcester, 2, ^t. Nicholas-street
"Wrexham, 7, Charles- street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-.-treet
Cardiff, 5, Queen-strewt
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dol-elly, Market-hall
Merlliyr, 1. Victoria-street
Ni.'Wltiwii, Market-hall
Poutvpool. Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Ayr, 60. High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street f
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 89, Union-street
Greenock, 8. West Blackhall-it.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, High-'^^reet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
JInntrose, 96. Murray-street
Pai.-;lcy, 101, High-street-cross
Partiok, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Bose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-street

Athlone, Church-street

Ballina, Bridge-street

Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-st.

Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.

Carlow, TuUow-street

Coleraine, New-row

Cork, 79, Grand-parade

Drogheda, 97, St. Qeorge's-streel

Dublin, 69, Grafton-street

Ennis, Jail-street

Enniskillen. 15, High-street

Fermoy, 1, King-street

Galway, Domnick- street

Kilrusn. Moorc-street
I Kingstown, 65i Lower Creorge-**
I Limerick, 31, Patriek-stre^rt
I Londonderry, 1, Carlisle-road

MuUiugar, Greville-street
I Navan, Trimgate-strcet
I Newry. 18, Sugar-island
I Par.'Jonstown, 2, St^fflns

Quccnstown, Harbour-row

Sligo, 45, Knox-street

Tralee. 40, Bridge-street

"Waterford, 124, Quay

"Wexford, Sel&kar-etz'eeta

THE SEWiNG machine GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE WHITE SEWIHIi MACHINE COMPANV.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE :

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWmG MACHINES,

. THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for I ji^ I Every machine
all work. ii> Warranted for

12 various riiTr-pT-n 5 years. Legal
styles. llUmill guarantee.

AHRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLINO AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

llgilBi^uSSW'^'-,

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing- Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this — the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine— or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, Loudon, E,C.

irvr i, 1881.

THE SEmNa MA.CH1NE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLlAiTCES,

At DURLACHj

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets.

o
s

•a

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3
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u

"o
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Fig. A.
OPEN

Chair
Withdrawn,

TO SEJ'VSriITa- j^A.A.OH:i:N"E IDE^LEi^S.

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(T)

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Fig. B

LOCKED

Chair and

Sewing Ma-

chine

within

oomiHATm

05- PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free iu London at prices but little above those
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain stjle or inlai.l in mother of-

pe;irl, and highly ornamented in hard painting by special

artists. All ma' hints with loose wheel

ud self-acting winder.

('ABim

0ASE,WIJH

Furnished

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Exhibitions.

Novel !
Cheap!
Solid !

Elegant!

SECOND
IIIGHESl

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBITION

1879.

!!^fision

iiolesale Agentswantedthroughout the United Kingdom.

THE SEWING ifiACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES;

Mat 1, i88l.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

'• This Machine has obtained the highest re-
patation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
bslow). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION. — James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COtTNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT " Household "
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is exceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every kind of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
ments — loose wheel, and ^Registered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder,

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

A-O-ElsTTS -V^-A-itTTED.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863.

THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLY FOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKERS,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED POR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (witli patent vibrating attachment.)

A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj tror/c FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PlTr CHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited^

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

May 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled excellence.

THIS Machine, by its simplicity and construction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the shghtest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal faciUty, it cannot faU to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILiDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomlinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

NETT CASH, by the Half Doz.

RETAIL. WHOLESALE.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly called
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE'

The ditto Hand ditto

[S]

£4 14

£2 0

3 10

1 7

2 2

0 17

610

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES
3373 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely without lubricants.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Mat 1, 1881.

Sydney Exhibition.

PRIZE
MEDAL

AWARDS
i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

h-^-^i

Price, £6:6:0.

Price. £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes.

THE ANNUAL &ALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from tlie best materials, tborougUy seasoned, and are all fitted with oiu
well-known patents and appliances, wliicJi cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & M^ILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accring'ton.

Mat 1, 1S81. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JODENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

TBiDG

MARK

ANNUAL PRODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

TRADE

MABK

PROPER IRION FOUNDRY.

FIRST PRIZES AT DIFFERENT EXHIBITIONS.

ORIGINAL RHENANIA,

Dnkivalled Splendid
HAND

SEWING
MACHINE.

ORIGINAL FIDELITAS,

Best Family

SEWING
MACHINE.

SYSTEM,
GROVER& BAKER

No. 19.

Sewing
Machine

FOR TRADE,

ORIGINAL BADENIA,
HEAVY STRONG

SEWING
MACHINES

FOR TRADE.

TBADE

maek

JUNKER & RUH,

Se^wing Machine Manufactory,

CARLSRUHB (Germany).

TEADE

MAEK

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MIDGLEY,

MANUFACTURERS OP

ir .^ ^mSSi

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on ApplicciMon.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 22 inches £5 lOs., ^Rollers with Brass Cape.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, i881.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6d.

Is entirely SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or brushes. A current of boiling suds is
passed through and through the clothes, which are thus washed and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Full Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELYETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HAEPEH TWELVETRSSS'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

ttrong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the "Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
TV ill fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
inslantly vrithout labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to ii'on or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes-Wringers arc specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
delicate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or witliout Cogwheels, 25s., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch R?llers.

Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.

Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HARPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT) (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all olh rs. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply maivellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary ccppcr or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boU, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up tlie jNtocliine a. id is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to 10 gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

'i^y^yj^^iffs^c fr//M

MAGIO STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECURED BY
EOYAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear of linen
caused by present modes. , Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OvERTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of .Tuly, page G8 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUK OP WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

I\^AGIC LAUS^DRY WASHER COMPANY,

214, Lichfield Road, Aston, Birmingham.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWIVG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

R. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

LIFE— By JAIIES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
' Money,' and 'Morality.'

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp. Price One
Shilling-. Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., StationerS'-hall Court,
London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Bookstalls ? Messrs. Willmg
& Co.'s Bookstalls ; and at every Booksellers.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C,
will send a copy, post fi-ee, for 13.

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE — Introduction. Is Life Worth Living ?

T IFE— Life of the Futui-e, Ciiltui-e, Health.

T IFE — Eecreation, Common Sense, Thrift,

T IFE — Compulsory Thrift, Mamage, Happiness.

T IFE — Eeligion, Future Life, Human Destiny.

T IFE — Concluding Eemarks.

LIFE — Page 24 : — '* Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men what a glorious thing it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is — aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it. What a mockeiy ' Faith in God ' is when we reflect upon the melancholy
views the majority of orthodox people have of it, going through the journey as an
ordeal to be borne as patiently and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but tliine be done.' '*

LIFE — Page 34 : — " Life is real, Hfe should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an aim, an object in life ; and to be happy, to
enjoy life, the object must be ene worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's character so strong and true that they can be relied up ; men that wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE— Page 45:— "The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the ' Great Unknown.' Life will be very
different once we get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
anything wrong but what lias been done by oui-selves or others ; and _that the wrong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it riglit.' "

LIFE — Page 102 : — ** Common sense denies that any
happy chance will do for a man what he is quite unable to do for himself.
Our happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith that our wages will be
in proportion to our deserts. Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanks in a lotte^-y, by chance and indiscriminately ; but there is a reason for every
success and failure. Indolence, chicaneiy, waste will cause the one ; while industry,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.' "

LIFE— Page 173 :— " The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Creator's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe that God meant man to be born weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' "

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have life. What shall we do
with it ! The world is like a vast manufactory. In which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Believe me you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxical as it may seem,
■while He hides himself behind them. He also reveals himself through them. There
Is no better way of understanding the Creator ; the laws are emanations of the all-
beauteous mind ; they shadow forth the divinity that contrived them; we find the
more we study thera, greater evidence that there is a Living God, a Father caring for
and loving His children."

MOEALITY — 208 pages, crown Bvo, cloth limp, price
One Shilling.

MOEALITY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-hall Court, London, E.G.; Messrs. W, H. Smith & Son's Railway
Bookstalls.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy post free for One Shilling.

MOEALITY.— Page 202 :— *' Make aS feel we are under
the rule of ' One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringed with
Impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to learn the wi&hc;^,
and be happy by reverently obeying Him."

jYI OEALITY—Busmess— Money— Life.

MOEALITY— Ml-. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, Loudon,
W.C, trill send copy of anjr one of these works post free for U.

ONEY — 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, price One

Shilling.

ONEY — Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-

hall Cnurt, London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Book-
stalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls; and at every Bookseller's.

ONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,

W.C., will send a copy, post free, for is.

M
M

stalls ;

lyr ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.

TV/r ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

"|\/r ONEY— Currency : Gold Money, Silver Money.

lyj ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, BiUs of Exchange.

l\/r ONEY — Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Interest.

lyr ONEY— "Wealth, Capital, Panics.

TWr ONEY — Individiial Success, National Prosperity.

IV/T ONEY— Concluding Eemarks.

MONEY.— Page 28:— "It is only by understanding
our monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit.' Our com
mercial system is based upon faith ; cheques, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to the
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted through the Clearing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,* based upon
* credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction with banking, this institution
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous aniunnt, without the
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by bookkeeping or ti-ansfer of cheques, the
debiting or crediting of A or B."

BUSINESS — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One Shilling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Shnpkm, MarshaU & Co., Sta-
tioners'-haii Court, London, E.C. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway
Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls : and at every Bookseller's.

USINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,

W.C, will send a copy, post fre, for Is.

"DUSINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS — Business Quahties, Health, Education,
Observation.

BUSINESS — Industry, Perseverance, Arrangement,
Punctuality.

"DUSINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.
"DUSINESS— Truthfuhiess, Integrity.
BUSINESS— Money, and what to do with it.
"DUSINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Keciprocity, Civil Service
stores.

"D USINE SS — Co-operative Trading, Concluding Eemarks.

BUSINESS.— Page 7 :— " Commerce is guided by laws
as inflexible as those of health or gravitalion ; and the primary cause of
lailure in business may be traced as unerringly as the punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature."

BUSINESS.— Page 179— " From every pulpit and in
every school throughout the kingdom the jnstiGcation of double dealing and
trickery upon the plea that it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in any
voetition, should be denounced in the most unmistakeable language as a libel on
Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real ia.-^5& — the moa's
ignorance of or iucapacity for the business or profession he follows."

TriB SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

May i, 188i.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LONDON, E.O:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF

For IRELAND.

("DUBLIN— 21, College Green.
(BELFAST— 66, Victoria Streesi.

OFFICES :

For SCOTLAND.

/GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
(EDINBURGH— 4, Cookbuin Street.

BIRMINGHAM—TO, Exchange Buildings,
BRADFORD, Yorkahire— 1 Booth Street,
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South MaU.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH— 85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD— 86, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 160, High Street.

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCESTER— 6, College Court.
LEEDS— 1, East Parade.
LIVERPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.

With Agents and Cort^spondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United 8tc^ of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank of London.
BELFAST— The NoeTSern Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bauk of England.
DUBLIN— THE National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The NATIONAL BANK OF SCOTLAND.

GLASGOW— THE Beitish Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bakk of Liverpool.
MANCHESTER— Manchester and Salfoed Bane.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agenci«3, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants,
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Oflices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

T£3E,3Vi:S OF SXJBSCRIPTIOnST

(Except for Stt^oial Service and Financial Departments, in which the Bates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

circumstances.) One, Two, Three, and Five Guineas, aocording to requirements.

PEOSPBCTUSES GIVINa FULL PABTICULAES ON APPLICATION.

o-A. rri' I o IT.

There h no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of
King St., opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

Mat i, 188i. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JUSTIN BROWNE

era

I —

CI3

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWN'S can refer to customers whom lie lias supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &o., all of whom have
eKpr«88ed the greatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of tha
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &o., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur; having only Factory expenses, ae ;an offer an equally good instrument at a much lower fig^e.

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

PIANOFORTE MANUFACTURER,

237 & 239. ETJSTON ROAP, LONDON, ENGLAND.

O^HE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPtlANCES-

Mat 1, 188i.

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their ^"^
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

£SrABL/9"^D 1752.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOR FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

No. 1.

I'leiCES.

£1 10 0
2 2 0
2 10 O

Liberal Discount to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers, .^

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,
93, siia-s: siOLBoi^nsr

XjOnsrx^ojsr.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Pisto7i and Valve need no Liihrlcatof. Will start at a moment's notice.

PowEn. Price.

OneMan £25 0 0

One-and^a-half Man 39 0 0

TwoMan 35 0 0

Four Man 50' 0 0

<
<

w
o

:2j
o

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18. Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

THE

I^EBI^LESS

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

O Hi

Ph
W

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to tlie Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY&CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

OILS.

IMPEEIAL SEWING MACHESTE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CETSTAL SPERM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBEICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
" SOLAE " BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINEEY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCEEW-DEIVEES, NEEDLES,
ETJBBEES, BELTS, FITTINGS and PAETS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TUEING Co. Manufacturers of the " WALKEE

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGEE.
IMPOETEES of AMEEICAN KNITTING

MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HAEDWAEE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists or Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s., OR WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortnight's JFamily
Wash in Pom- Hoiirs, without Rru-
BiNG OR BOILING, as Certified hy
thousands of delig-hted pui-chasers
It is easy to work, easily iinder
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not injuie the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only "Wash
ing Machine in tht world which
renders Boiling unnecessai-y, and
saves five or six horn's of copperg
fii'ing each washing day. The Five
Guinea "Villa" Washer possesses
tremendous washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in fiv^
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
houi' ; 10 dozen bedroom towels pe,-
hour ; 3^ dozen shii-ts per hour ; 1^
dozen slieets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is un-
paralleled! Illustrated Pi-ospectuses

80,

and Export Quotations post free ot

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LAUNDEY ENGINEER AND MACHINIST,

FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

MORE AQENTS WANTED,

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's "Paragon"
Washing Machine.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

.0 Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVERAGE KONTHLY DELIVERY (includinif Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS RAPIDLY EEPLACING STEAM ENGINES FEOM 1 to 40 HOESE POWEE IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
MANCHESTER

CROSSLEYoBROTHERS,

LONDON HOUSE:

116, a-ueen Victoria Street, E.O.
LONDON.

THE '

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prise Medals, Honours & Awards, wherevex Exhibited.

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running

Hand Machine, strai^'ht race. £4 4s.

WANZER " C " Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with evety

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER "E" Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of all kind»

£8 8s.
WANZEH PLAITING, KILTIKG AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. The

only Machi7ie Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER "^"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It comhines all the known advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Quineas complete.

The \Nanzer Sewuig Machine Company^

L I X*I I T E D ,

Chief Office— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

Mat 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PELTIES ItiDOIEST

IT is our mtentiou to devote a few pages of this journal
every month for the purpose of describing and illustrating
any novelties in domestic appliances that may economise
labour. Each month brings with it something new in domestic
appliances, as in the dress fashions of the fair sex, only the
former are useful, while the latter are generally only orna-
mental. We shall make it our special duty to inspect all such
articles as they are manufactured and record them under our
heading, "Novelties in domestic labour-saving appliances."

THE "BICONIC" KNIFE CLEANER.

This article consists of two cones, which are covered with
vulcanised iudiarubber, and between which the knife is worked,
the cutting edge downwards. A few turns are given to tlie
handle while the knife is passed to and fro, one or two move-
ments being sulficient to produce a brilliant polish. The
inventor asserts that this machine will not blunt the knives,
loosen the handles, or grind the backs thin. The receptacles

on the top of the machine aie for the pow iei to be placed in.
Although only one knife can be cleaned at a time, the rapidity
is so great as to be as quick, or even quicker, than many other
knife cleaners, in which so much time is consumed in arrani^ing
and adjusting. It will also polish carving forks, and its
action is so simple that a child could manage it. The manu-
facturer is Mr. H. S. Crump, of the Albion lion Works,
Gloucester.

THE "SAVE-ALL" CINDER SIFTER.

This little article is made in two parts, the top or hopper
for cinders, the bottom bar for the ashes or dust. As will be
seen by the illustration, it is made to fit underneath a kitchen
range; it thus catches the cinders and dirt as they drop from
the fire. As it fits up close behind, the ashes screen the dust,

and ashes cannot therefore fly about, and the hearth is cjn-
sequently much tidier than it otherwise would be. The r.-tail
prices of this article are from 2s. 6d.— that being a 12-inch
size — to 48., 18-inch size. It is manufactured by Messrs.
Verity Brothers, of Call-lane, Leeds, under Banks' patent
(5212).

THE ROYAL PNEUMATIC FIRE ENGINE.

A most necessary and useful domestic apparatus has just
been patented and brought out by Messrs. Sponq and Co., of
249, High Holborn, W.C. We append an illustration of the
Royal Pneumatic Portable Fire Engine, a description of which
will doubtless interest our readers. There is no doubt that
one of the most fearful calamities that can befaU a house or
homestead is a sudden outbreak of fire. The most destructive
fires often arise from small beginnings, which, if checked in
time, would prevent much destruction of property, and even of
life. Every one knows this, but few take the trouble to make
the slightest provision against it, and when a fire does occur,
having nothing to fall back upon, most people get into a panic,
lose ;ill self-control, rush to the windows, or else send or run
for the firemen, who often cannot arrive till the fire has gained
the mastery ; in the meantime a comfortable home has become
an utter ruin. Much may be done to prevent such calamities
by the use of the simple, eflfective, powerful, and Portable
Pneumatic Fire Engine introduced by Messrs. Spong and Co.
We think no house may be said to be furnished without one or
more of these Portable Pneumatic Fire Engines. Messrs.
Spong and Co. were not ready with them for show at the late
Domestic and Building Trades' Exhibitions at the Agi-iouUural
Hall, Islington, but propose shortly to have a public practical
display of its no^vers, of which due notice will be given.

The Portabb Pneumatic Fire Engine is worked by com-
pressed ail- and water only, and is the only portable fire engine

worked without chemicals. It can be charged in three or four
minutes by any one without expense, may be kept always
ready for unmediate use, and cannot get out of order. It may
be carried by handles, or on the back, to any part of a house
or buUding. As it can be charged by the operator up to a
pressure of SOlbs. or lOOlbs. to the square inch— shown by a
pressure-gauge fixed to each engine, which anyone may under-
stand—a stream of water can be thrown with great force from
60 to 80 feet, and will extinguish a fierce fire, in its first stage,
in one minute. It is perfectly safe, every engine being tested

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

up to doulde the pressure reqiiirBci. It is always certain in its
action, which cl^emiual engines are not, as frequently tie
chemicals fail to operate when required ; and it is much cheaper
than engines worked by chemical^, as they .-ire utterly useless
without a supply of "charges," which cost from os. to 8s.
each, and can only be procured from the vendors, whereas air
and water is always at hand. It is, therefore, the simplest and
most economical portable fire engine in u&e, and i ef ute.-
the erroneous notion, common in many people's minds, that
water in small quantities must be charged with offensive an ;
destructive chemicals before it can extinguish fire. No fire iu
its early stage can live against a comparatively small stream ff
water if driven with sufficient force against it. The engines
hold about six ga Ions of water each, and it is a
fact that one gallon thrown upon a fire in its early stage b>'
this engine will do more than ten thousand gallons applied h\
other means after the fire has obtained the mastery. It may
be well to add that this engine may be used with or without
chemicals ; but we do not think that, in. any case, they arc
necessary. The price is £6 6s. retail, liberal terms, we arc
informed, being given to all shippers of and dealers in domestic
appliances,

STEEL'S BOOT CLEANING MACHINE.
The latest domestic labour-saving appliance, we think, i^
Steel's Boot Cleaning Machine. There are one or two machines
we believe, already made, but they have not the wonderful
rapidity which characterises this one. When writing of tlii-s
one cannot help thinking of our old friend, Sam AVeller, at th.
White Hart Hotel. The wooden log in number .six, the pai
of Hessians in thirteen, the two pair of halves in the com
mercial, the painted tops in the snuggery inside the bar, 11m
Wellingtons a good deal worn, and the ladies' shoes in numbci
five would have been very quickly blackened and shined, an
"Boots" would have lad no need to have made such reply,
when hurried bv the servant girl, as, " Ask number twent>
two whether he'll have 'em now, or wait till he gets 'em J""
The "Artful Dodger" would have appreciated one of the.-.

when, to use his language, he was "japanning his trotter
cases." Our engraving above repr( sents the machine, which
is very simple io its action, and can be easily worked by a boy
or girl without any previous instructions. The easy motion
of the machine is obtained from one uuifoim airangement of
the crauks, and the labour in working is so slight that th>-
operator does not tiro. The weight of the machine is about
601bs. When working the machine the brushes must revolve
towards the operjitur. The blacking used must be of a creamy
consistency ; and when th" polishing or dirt removing is in
hand, the blacking feedi-r should be disconnected. The appli-
cation of a small quantity of oil is essential to tie smooth

working of the centres and bearings, but care should be
observed to prevent any grease coining iu contact with the
brushes. Full particulars can be obtained at the Boot and
Shoe Cleauini; Machine Company, 4, Halkin-street West,
Belgrave-square, S.W.

THE DUPLEX GAS STOVE.

We do not expect that Messrs. John Wright and Co., of
Essex Works, Bu'mingham, the manufacturers of the Duplex
Stove, will claim that it is as wonderful an invention as that

compact cooking apparatus owned by the " single gentleman "
of the " Old Curiosity Shop," but it is certainly, in its way, a
novelty. It is a stove fitted with a tin pan and gridiron ; it

will boil a kettle on the top, and it has a copper reflector, so
that when the cooking utensils are removed it forms a heating
stove, as will be seen by the illustrations.

THE EEX KNIFE CLEANER.

Aryong the most appreciated of all domestic labour-saving
apjiliances, the knife cleaning machine holds a first rank.
These cannot, however, be said to be articles for the mUliou
simply on account of the price. We have nothing to say
against the beautiful machines of Kent, of Davis, of Spong,

and others, only that the cost prevents their sale to the more
humble buyer, so that a low-priced machine is wanted. We
think this want is now supplied. Messrs. Hirst Bros, of Selby,
and 5, Caetle-street, London, E.C., are sole manufacturers and
patentees of " The Rex Knife Cleaner" — a very useful little

Mat 1, l88ll-

THE SEWING- MACH.NE 6AZETTE AND JOUENAl, OF DOMESTt J APPLIANCES.

machine, ■which retails at the low price of 'is. 6d. Our illus-
tration will give a good idea of this knife cleaner. Its advan-
tages are that it is not liable to get out of order, is verj'
simple in its operation, and polishes both sides of the knife at
onetime -with so little labonr a child can use it. with esse. It
is already being supplied in large quantities to the lea ling
dealers in domestic appliances throughout Great Britian.

FILDING'S PATENT GAS FIRE LIGHTER.
This fire ligbter is hooked on to the bars, and is, therefore,
safe, as it cannot be dragged away from the fire. It niakes
neither smoke nor smell, and it is claimed that it will light
twenty fires for one penny. To use this fire lighter, it is
necessary to get sufficient indiarubber tubing to reach from the
firegrate to the nearest gas-bracket ; slip one end of the tube
over the nozzle of the fire ligh'er, and the other e-id on to the
gas-bracket, turn the gas fidl on, and allow sufficient time foi-
the accumulated air to escape, hold a light to the end of the

lighter, from which will at once issue a dark blue flame ; but
should the flame be white the gas must be turned off at once,
and re-lit, or it will make a disagreeable smell, which the dark
blue flame will prevent. Then make a hole at the bottom of
the coals with the poker to receive the flame, which will in six
or eight minutes thoroughly light all the coal it touches. The
lighter should be himg upon one of the bottom bars with its
end in amongst the coals, which should be in small pieces so as
more readily to take fire. Care must be taken not to double
the tube, as this -will diminish the supply of gas.

THE ASCENSION TABLE FILTER.

The Silicated Carbon Filter Company, of Battersea, S.W.,
have just introduced the New Ascension Filter, as shown in
our illustrations. The blocks in the filters are movable, and

can be taken out, when, with the aid of a piece of indiarubber
tube, they can be converted into pocket filters, the small india-
rubber peg at the top being placed hi the socket-hole at the
bottom. The water passus through the carbon in the direc-
tions sho-wn by the arrows in the illustrations. When cleansing
the filters, the small indiarubber peg should bo removed and
placed in the socket at the bottom ; the carbon should be

strongly blo-wn in from the top, and scrubbed -with a brush
md boiling water. All the parts are kept in stock by the
■ompany, and therefore new carbon media can be sipplied

.vithuut the filters being returned to the makers. We have
tested the filter we have before us, and find it perfect in its
action.

J. RICHARDS' PLASTIC METAL.

This metal requires no casting furnace, no crucibles, or
apparatus of any kind. Is used chiefly for pasting purposes,
'ind is a vei-y useful metal in locomotive, engineering, and
fitting shops generally. It has a great affinity for other metals,
ai)d adheres so firmly to brass, gun metal, cast iron, wrought
iron, steel, &c., that when once pasted on, no abrasive force is
sufficient to move it. As soon as it has cooled down, it sets as
hard as the best gun-metal, wears equal to it, is 25 per cent,
lighter, and applied to a locomotive, stands the test of a 50,000
miles run with ease.

Owing to its anti-attrition properties, the saving in lubri-
cating oils, &c., has been variously stated by those who have
used the plastic metal, at from 15 to 20 per cent. By its use,
bearings in any metal, and of any dimensions, can be re-faced
to their original sizes ; thus saving much time and expense in
re-melting, re-fitting, &c. The journals of spindles, axles, and
shafts, whether of cast or of wrought iron when worn down,
can be pasted up to their origmal diameters, and glands of all
sizes can be tinned and filled up, perfectly sound. The plastic
metal, if properly applied, will never break awaj' from iron, or
any other metal. Brass bushes, axle-box bearings, &c., may
be dispensed with, by casting all such articles entirely of
plastic metal, in properly chilled moulds, which -will then
j.equire no boring or turning.

It is of great use in the foundry, for running in and filling
up holes, or flaws of any kind, rendering all articles so treated,
perfectly sound. It does not contain either lead or spelter,
consequently its contraction in cooling is very trifling. It
fuses at about 350 deg. Fahrenheit, can he melted in an iron
pot or ladle over a small fire, and does not deteriorate by re-
melting.

We would direct the attention of owners of machinery to
this metal, for, by keeping a supply of the plastic metal ready
to hand, a worn bearing can be removed, pasted up, and
replaced, on the spot, in a few houis, thereby ensuring a per-
fect fit, and saving the expense of re-casting, and loss of time
entailed by a long journey to a foundrj .

It can be had in ingots of 14 lbs. weight, or in strips, from
the manufacturers, J. Richards Plastic Metal Co., 95, Charlotte-
street, Birmingham.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

"lAT 1, 1881

THE OTTO SAFETY BICYCLE.

As will be seen by the illustration, it is very different to
tbe ordinary bicycle. In this machine tlie rider sits between
two wheels in rear of and slightly above tbe centre, with feet
resting upon treadles fixed on a double th'ow crank. At
either end of this crank are grooved pulleys, connected by
means of endless driving metal bands with other pulleys which
form part of the hubs of the large wheels. It can be turned
in any direction by simply turning a handle on the side to
which it is desired to go, g.nd the wheels both drive and steer.
The crank can, at any time, be immedia'ely placed in such a
poaitim as enables the rider to utilise his power to the greatest
advantage. There is a most powerful break to each wheel,
and the machine can be stopped in a few yards when travelling
at a high speed, or held motionless on the steepest hill. The
mode of construction renders it equally available for ladies
and gentlemen of all ages, whilst by elevating or depressing
the seat it is adjusted to suit riders of various heights. It can
be mounted and dismounted without any trouble whatever,
and can be driven forwards or backwards by merely reversing

the action of the feet. It is about 3ft. 2in. wide, and can
describe a circle of 5ft. Sin. diameter. Roads which would be
impracticable to other machines can be traversed with com-
parative ease and safety, and with much less risk of accident
from stones or other obstacles. For town work this machine
has no equal. In power of steeling, stopjjing, and reversing,
together with the fact of the rider being able to maintain his
seat and start at any moment, combine to make it perfect in
this respect. The Otto Safety Bicycle must commend itself to
ladies, who will now have all the advantages of this mode of
travelling, hitheito enjoyed by gentlemen only — to riders of
other machines, uniting, as it does, easy riding with speed,
comfort, and elegant appearance — to the clergy, medical pro-
fession, travellers, and tourists, as affording unequalled means
of safe and rapid locomotion ; and to all classes, both young
and old. We can certiinly say it is the safest and most com-
fortable bicycle that it was ever our lot to try. The manu-
facturers are the Otto Safety Bicycle Company, 118, Newgate-
street, E.G.

ELECTRICITY FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES.

On the 4th ult. a paper " On the Application of Electricity
to Lighting and Heating for Domestic Purposes " was read
before the Society of Telegraph Engineers and Electricians at
Westminster by St. George Lane Pox, Esq. Professor Forster
occupied the chair. Mr. Fox regarded it as certain that before
long electricity would be applied to many and various domestic
purposes, especially those of lighting and heating. He con-
tended that electric lamps could be woi'ked in indefinitely
large numbers from central stations with a proportionate cost
of working, and this referred equally to any other applica-
tions of electricity. He described his lamp (by means of which

■the room was lighted), showing that the light resulted from
the incandescence of continuous refractory conductors of high
electrical resistance, mounted in vacuum. He remarked that
the light was not at all what the public usually understood by
the electric light, the brilliancy not being very intense, but the
colour being pleasantly soft, altogether different from the
blueish white of an electric arc light. The causa of the un-
steadiness of "arc," namely, the variable resistance, was, he
said, not present, and the light was as absolutely steady as it
was possible for any light to be. The cost of manufacturing
each lamp would not exceed a shilling. In a properly con-
structed and exhausted lamp the carbon filaments would not
deteriorate, provided their temperature was not raised above
the point at which one-tenth of a square inch of radiating
surface would yield a light of lo-candle power. The system
of distribution was somewha*-, similar to that of gas, main con-
ductors passing fr. m central stations and branching in various
directions, and i lectricity being forced into these conductors,
so as to maintain theni at a constant electrical pressure above
the earth. The pressure of the mains being always the same,
the amount of light given would always be equal. The
regulators and other appurtenances connected with this
system were also explained. The lecturer further contended
that electricity would be at least as cheap as gas for heating
purposes.

IMPEOVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES.

Mr. Frederick Mann, of Bedford, has obtained provisional
protection for an improved washing machine. His idea is to
cause a constant automatic circulation of the water through
the clothes that are being washed. The machine is simple in
construction, and can be used in any ordinary copper or boiler.
The inventor uses a dome of copper or other metal of about the
same diameter as the bottom of the boiler in which the apparatus
is to be used. From the centre of the dome is fixed a pipe of
about one and a half inches in diameter, and long- enough to
reach to within an inch or so of the top of the boiler in which
the apparatus is being used. In the top of this pipe there are
several openings or spouts through which the water constantly
flows when the apparatus is at work.

INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION.

An International Exhibition of power and work machinery
for small industries will be held in Altona next August. The
arrangement of this International Exhibition has been fixed
as follows : — Department I. for power machinery, subdivided
as follows: Class I., for gas power machinery; Class II.,
water power machinery; Class III., steam power machinery ;
Class IV., hot air power machinery; and Class V., dynamic
electric hydrocarbon power machinery ; whilst Class VI. has
been set aside for models and drawings of power machines.
Department II. for work machinery, implements, and tools,
is subdivided into the following classes : Machines for the
manipulation of wood, for joiners, turners, carpenters, &c. ;
machines for the working of iron, for smiths, locksmiths, &o. ;
machines for the manipulation of tin and pewter ware;
machines for brass founders, tin founders, &c. ; machines for
watchmakers, goldsmiths, mechanicians, &c. ; machines for
working in leather ; sewing machines ; looms ; stocking looms ;
machines for cloth shearers ; winding and twisting machines ;
hemp dressmg and hackling machines and rope making
machines ; machines for hat making ; machines for brush
making; colour grinding machines; pottery and glass ware
machines; stone working machines; horn work machines;
machines for millers, bakers, and confectioners ; machines for
printers, lithographers, photographers, &o. ; machines for
ijookbinders, &c. ; machines for cigar makers ; machines for
butchers ; machines for the manufacture of ice, mineral
waters, &c. ; machines for the manufacture of screws, naOs,
pins, needles, &c. ; and coupling apparatus, as far as necessary
for work machines. Department III. comprises roiscellaneous
articles, as also objects manufactured by the machines and
implements exhibited in Departments I. and II., such as —
Specimens of wood and iron work, tin and pewter ware,
textile fabrics, printing, bookbinding, fancy leather goods,

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

&c., &c. Department. IV. is set aside for dairy machines and
utensils, suoh as churns, cheese vats, and presses, &c. ; whilst
Department V. is devoted to a grio isltural machines and imple-
ments. The title " International ' ' will not have been given
to this exhibition without cause, for, being held in the closest
proximity to Hamburg, the chief commercial town of the Con-
tinent, manufacturers will undoubtedly exhibit on a l.irge
scale, in order te draw the attention of Hamburg export
houses to the adapt ibility of their wares for shipment to all
parts of the world. His Excellency the Minister of State,
von Botticher, has consented to act as president of this Inter-
national Exhibition.

THE HOWE MACHINE COMPANY'S WOEKS AT
GLASGOW.

(From the Ironmongfr.)

The invention and progress of the sewing machine un-
doubtedly forms one of the most interastiug chapters in the
industrial progress of the world. No species of machinery
has become more universally applicable, and the possibilities of
its future development are co-extensive with those of civilisa-
tion itself. It has never been disputed that the invention of
the sewing machine belongs to America. Nor will it be denied
that to the late Elias Howe belongs the conspicuous distinction
of being the first to construct a machine that could be regarded
as a practical success.

To the early history of the sewing machine it is not essential
to our present purpose that we ,'hould refer at length. But
we cannot refrain from recalling thB circumstances that, when
Elias Howe completed his machine in 1846, he could find no
one in America willing to adopt it. He therefore resolved to
offer it to England, and in October of the year named his
brother, Mr. A. B. Howe, took a passage in a sailing vessel,
along with one of the machines, for London. Mr. A. B. Howe
submitted the machine to Mr. William Thomas, who had a
shop in Oheapside, and employed a large number of persons in
the manufacture of corsets, umbrellas, carpet bags, and shoes.
The machine having met with the approval of Mr. Thomas,
that gentleman purchased, for £250, the right to use as many
of them as he desired. Mr. Thomas took out a patent for
England, and during the existence of the patent every sewing
machine made or imported into England had to pay to him a
tribute of £10. It was not until the year 1850 that the
sewing machine was adopted in New York. It was six
years later before the regular manufacture can be said to
have been fuUy entered upon ; but, once fairly started, the
industry developed with amazing rapidity.

For more than a dozen years, the manufacture of the sewing
machine was practically confined to the United States, the
factories of which had accordingly to supply not merely the
large home demand, but the ever-increasing orders that came
pouring in from Great Britain and the nations of the Continent.
It was seen that the trade of the eastern hemisphere wouldby-
aud-bye assume gigantic proportions, audit also became apparent
that there were certain valuable advantages that would attend
the establishment of the manufacture in this country. It was
about the beginning of the last decade that the Howe Machine
Company opened their first Scotch factory in Love-loan, Glas-
gow, and the writer of this article had the pleasure, through
the courtesy of Mr. F. M. Tower, the energetic manager,
and a director of The Howe Machine Company (Limited),
of inspecting the machinery and the different jirocesses
through which the machines passed on their way towards
completion. The factory at that time was an interesting sight,
but it very soon was found to be much too small for the
quickly-extending busijiess of the company. This will be
readily understood when it is stated that the company's
sales of machines in Europe rose from about 20,000 in
1871 to upwards of 41,000 in 1873, this being altogether
independent of the output in the latter year of over 153,000
machines from the same company's manufiictory at Bridgeport,
Connecticut, U.S.A. A much larger factory having become a
necessity in Glasgow, Mr. Tower purchased in March, 1872, a
large area of land off London-road, in the east end of the city.
Old buildings that stood upon the ground were cleared away,

and the erection of the works was pushed forward with such
rapidity that in May, 1873, they were so far cotripleted that
the mauufactui'e was commenced, the old premises in Love-
loan being shortly afterwards abandoned. In less than thi'ee
years thereafter we find the new works producing close upon
68,000 machines per annum. Since that time the production
has gone on steadily advancing, and Mr. Tower is now able to
turn out at least 130,000 machines per annum. Before pro-
ceeding to give a brief description of the factory, we may state
that the sewing machine irdustry is now entitled to be ranked
among the staple trades of Glasgow. Besides the machines
that are sold by the different companies at home, the foreign
trade is very extensive, as maybe judged from the fact that
the value of the weekly exports of these machines from the
Clyde frequently exceeds £10,000. The exports to France and
Spain are vei-y large, and the Mediterranean ports receive the
machines in great numbers.

The new Glasgow factory occupies a commanding site
between Avenue, Fielden, and Barrowfleld streets, the ground
extending to 6. 135 square yards, with seven different sets of
buildings. The principal building is in Avenue-street, to
which it has a frontage of 390 feet. It is 40 feet in width, and
consists of four storeys and attics, the ceilings of each flat
being 11 feet from the floors. The building in Fielden-street
is 265 feet in length by 30 feet broad, and three stories in
height. At the corner of Avenue and Fielden streets the
principal office, with entrance to the works, is 55i feet in
length and 40 feet deep, and is connected with the chief
building in Avenue-street. The smiths' shop, which is situated
at the corner of Fielden and Barrowfield streets, is 8Si- feet by
60 feet, and contains 14 stamping macbiues, besides the
requisite forging-furuaces. The annealing and case-hardening
shop, in Barrowfield-street, is 8lt feet in length by 38 feet in
width, and 16 feet in height. This shop contains 15 furnaces.
The japanning and ornamenting building is four storeys high,
81 feet long, and 45 feet wide, the lower storey being fireproof
and having seven drying-ovens. The inspecting and st^re
house is 68^ feet in length and 40 feet in depth, and also has
four storeys, the whole of which, together with the roof, being
fireproof. The entire frontage of the factory is 1,059 feet.

The machinery runs with marvellous smoothness, and it need
scarcely be said that it does its work with perfect exactness,
all the parts of the machines, however delicate, being made
interchangeable.

The different machines manufactured by the company are
distinguished by letters — A, B, C, and so on. The " Family "
or letter " A " is constructed with a walnut table and stand,
and has accessories for hemming, frilling, tucking, braiding,
and quilting, which suits it for performing every kmd of work
required in the family . It may be said to be the most com-
plete and perfect of all the machines. A hand-appliance may
Ije had with this machine if required, so that it can be worked
by hand or foot, or both. This machine is rendered very
elegant by being pearled and silver plated, with an ornamented
bordered table-top. Tbe letter " B" manufacturing machines
are made either with step-feed for linen goods and cloth-work,
or %vith wheel-feed for boot-closing and flowering. This
machine has all the advantages of the " Family " one, but is,
of course, larger and stronger. That with the feed-step is
used by seamstresses, mantle and corset makers, and for
upholstery and tailoring work ; while the wheel-feed is.
employed in boot-closing and general leather-work, and pro-
duces a very complete stitch. The letter " C " manufacturing
machines are also either with step or wheel feed>
Tbe step-feed are especially adapted for tailors, whole-
sale outfitters, aud for all kinds of heavy cloth-
work. They have an extra large shuttle and long arm,
giving abundance of room for the heavier work, and they
sew equally well with fine cotton and with the heaviest thread
on canvas. With the wheel-feed this machine is used for
men's boots and the heavier grades of leather work. The letter
" D," or waxed-thread cylinder machine, is held in reputation
for all kinds of heavy leather work, heavy uppers, harness and
saddlers' work. It bas two feed-wheels, one on each side of
the needle-hole, enabling the operator to sew close to either the
right or left side of the material. The letter " E," or " Uni-
versal ' ' feed and arm machine, is used for bootmaking and

THE SEWIN& MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

repairing ; the letter ' ' F," for tailoring and outfitting work ;
tbe letter " G " is a new single-thread machine ; and the letter
" H," hand shuttle machine, was prodviced in order to meet the
wishes of ladies desiring one eqnally adapted for use at home
or when travelling or visiting. The company make a series of
useful cases and boxes for the machines, and they are also the
mianufacturers of a superior kind of bicycles, kilting machines,
and wringers. As indicated above, the business of the eastern
hemisphere is now in the hands of the Howe Machine Com-
pany (Limited), 46 & 48, Queen Victoria Street, London, and
Avenue Street, Bridgeton, Glasgow, of which Mr. N. P.
Stockwell is the managing director.

TRADE NAME NIHILISM.

(By "Wakder, in the Sewing Macldne News.)

The meaner type of communist is simply a man who, having
neither the property nor the skill, patience, or energy to
acquire it, wishes to compel more able and successful men to
shave with him the fruits of their talent or labour. His creed
is that by doing the race the honour of existing he has
established his right to share in all good things, whether he
earns them or not. To him the success of others is " monopoly,"
and, so far as they are concerned, " property is robbery ;" and
upon such premises rests the argument which justifies Nihilism
with all its resultant horrors.

Now, surely, there is no property which belongs to a man
so completely and unquestionably as the name he bears.
Often with this for his sole birthright and heritage he enters
into the battle of life, and by tbe brilliant efforts of genius or
the patient persistence of faithful hard work records against
his name a history of success which makes it precious
for ever. And when a man enters into business, spends years
of skill and study in introducing, making, or dealing in some
special article, and by his expenditure of money, thought, or
labour, earns and builds up a reputation in connection with
that article, and educates the public to ask for his product or
brand, so that, in fact, his name is taken as a guarantee of
quality or excellence, the wisdom of all civiHsed nations, as
embodied in their laws, has said that the reputation so earned
and the name so connected with his product belong to him.
This is the essence of trade name law, and a failure to declare
and enforce it must put a premium on unfair dealing, dis-
courage the honourable and enterprising manufacturer or
trade.snian, and strike a blow at the rights of property.
Writing another man's name for the purpose of obtaining
money is punished as forgery. Is the money he has earned or
inherited more precious or more his own than his reputation ?

Unfortunately, however, our statesmen and law-givers are
sometimes tempted to seek the approval of the communistic
element by joining in the unreasoning cry against " monopoly,"
and a nice, cheap bid for this kind of popularity is "Down
with patent monopoly." Doubtless bad monopolies have
existed and still exist, but are there no distinctions ? The
wisdom of our forefather's framed a patent law which gave the
easier protection and the highest reward to the American
inventor, and from that day to this America's supremacy in
the field of invention and in the field of mechanics has never
been questioned. American machinery and the discoveries of
America's inventors have conquered the wilderness, and tc-day
aid the Western farmer, no less than the Eastern manufacturer,
and in the competition with foreign products. Despite some
minor abuses nothing in all our legislation has done more
towards fostering the genius and accelerating the progress of
our nation than the patent laws of America.

And yet a learned gentleman, holding the most honourable
position of Justice of the Circuit Court of the United States,
makes a decision indicating in effect that the penalty of for-
feiture of trade-name attaches to the possession of a patent,
and stigmatising with the odious epithet of " monopoly " a
trade-name under which a world-wide reputation has been
honestly earned and honourably maintained.

A decisi(m so nearly touching the rights and reputation of
every honourable manufacturer, should surely be based on a
careful study, no less of the facts than of the law ; and yet a
brief history will show that the learned Judge's conclusions

are not supported by the facts, while his notion of the law maj'
safely be left in the hands of the United States Supreme Court
to Thich the plaintiff has appealed.

In 1850, when from popular prejudice in favour of hand
work, a sewing machine could hardly be sold, the firm of
I. M. Singer and Co. commenced business. In 186"} the
partners of that firm, with some of their employes, formed a
joint stock corporation. In 1874 the location of the Singer
Manufacturing Company was changed from New York to
New Jersey. In each case the full title, including good-will
and trade-name, was passed by regular and duly recorded
assignments. The co-partners of Singer and Co., i.e., I. M.
Singer and Edward Clark, were chief share-holders in the
New York Corporation, and to-day Singer's heirs hold stock,
while Edward Clark is president of the Singer Manufacturing
Company, of New Jersey.

Therefore, from 1850 to the present day, the business of
making and selling various styles of sewing machines under
the name of Singer machines, has been continuously carried
on by what was practically the same concern. During all
these years nothing that business energy, mechanicrl skill, and
liberal expenditure could effect towards improving the quality
and establishing the reputation of their product — the Singer
Sewing Machines — was left undone ; and the result is that the
name Singer, applied to a sewing machine, became, at once, a
recommendation to public favour and a guarantee of standard
excellence.

Now, an ex-employ6 of this concern undertakes to use the
word Singer — the distinctive word in their corporate title, the
personal name of the original maker, and the trade-name
under which all their products have been sold — and he goes on
to advertise and sell as Singer machines the products of
another party, made in imitation, or rather in fac-simile, of a
popular style of the genuine Singer machines. It is taken for
granted by the Court that this one — out of the score of styles
of Singer sewing machines— made and sold by Singer and his
associates, represents the alleged Singer system or principle.
Then the Court in effect says, that because the efforts of Singer
and 'his associates have especially identified the form and
shape of this style with bis name in the public inind,_ therefore
every one could use that form and shape and call it by that
name unless prevented by patent. Or, in other words, by his
efforts to build up a reputation for himself in connection with
a certain article of peculiar construction and appearance, he
made public property of both his reputation and his name as
well as the distinctive peculiarities of that article. Certainly
a heavy penalty for successful enterprise.

But the Court further explains that because certain patents
under which the Company were licensed, have expired ; and
because this work of building up a business and reputation was
partially done while those patents were in force, all right to
the reputation so earned must perish with the death of the
patent. As the language of the decision is apt to mislead
those not fully posted on the point, we may state that neither
this form nor the peculiar and distinctive mechanical con-
struction of the machine in suit were ever patented.

A horizontal main driving shaft receiving motion from a
band- wheel at one end, communicating motion to the needle
through a roller and " heart cam " at the other, and connected
by beveled gears to the top of an upright shaft, the lower end
of which drives a transverse shuttle by means of a crank and
connecting rod, first appeared in the Singer A machine in 1859.
Neither I. M. Singer nor the Singer Manufacturing Company
ever patented any part of this combination, and, so far as they
are concerned, it was open to the public from 1859 to 1877,
when the last of the " Combination " patents expired. This
machine, like all others, was subject to the patents of Wdson
and Bachelder, owned by the "Combination," and on that
slender thread tbe decision must hang. A mere license, cover-
ing a minor portion of the mechanism in a machine, is there-
fore sufficiently a " patent " to bring down upon its unlucky
possessor the penalty of forfeiture of trade-name.

And now to what does this decision tend? If the good
name and reputation of every energetic and honourable manu-
facturer or dealer who dares to own a patent or take a license,
must lie at the mercy of the first imitator who wants to get
tbe good will of a business without earning or buying it ; if

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOME&TIC APPLIANCES.

such a bligbt must fiiU upon all industries dependent oi
patented or licensed ai tides; if there shall be hereafter ni»
premium on the intellect of tlie inventor, and no reward for
the skill or honour of the producers, will not the NihilisI
rejoii:e and be exceeding glad ? For surely, if we cannot put a
penalty on the superior intellect, skill or industry of others,
the next best thing is to deprive them of their just rewards ;
and if he cannot seize or destroy their material wealth, will he
not hail with joy the fall of that outgrowth of civilisation, the
property of an honourable man in his good name and business
reputation ?

THE "HOWE" BICYCLES AND TRICYCLES.

During the last season the " Howe " Bicycle obtained good
repute as a first-class machine, so much so that the deman 1
for them this season is greater than the supply, though
the company possess unusual facilities for turning out
quantifies, as Tnay be readily imagined from, the description
given in another column of their works at Glasgow.

The "Howe" Tricycle, of which we give an illustration, is
designed on the best mechanical pri:iciples, and possesses all the
latest improvement?, and, like thf "Howe" bicycle, is made

only of one quality, and that of the very I'est materials. The
spokes, handles, bearingfs, &o., are all strongly nickel- plated,
which add very much to the light iind elegaut appearance of
the machine. Among the improvements are the simple but
perfect brake, the easy steering appliin.e, the dust-proof
oilers, the adjustable seat, with place under cushion for spanner
and oil Clin. The "Howe" tricycles aie among the best that
are manufactured, and we recommend shippers aud others to
see them before filling up indents for A I m;ichines.

Repairing Sewing Machines.— All old machines, to be
put in first class order, should be taken down and cleaned
before attempting any repairs, bushing or adjusting. When
a sewing machine is taken apart and cleaned you will see at a
glance what is needed, and the parts can be handled so much
bet;ter than when they are covered with grease and gum. Let
me ask why some repairers fail to give satisfaction on the old
worn sewing machine ? The answer is this : they look, they
try this and that, remove one of the parts, ex])erimeut for
hours trying everything, in the end leaving the n.achine in
the same condition as when brought to them. The point of
difficulty is simply this — they do not fully comprehend its
principles, and they expect, by trying this and that, something
they do may just hit the thing and arignt the cause of the
tr.aible. In such cases, take down the machine, chan it, take
up the lost motion, and put the machine together propei ly.
and you will find it will do the work as it should be done. Of
course it is not expected of the repairer to take down all
machines for slight repairs.

THE CANVASSER'S DREAM.*

The roadway was dusty, the sun shining strong,

As weary, the canvasser plodded along ;

His jaded old pony seemed ready to drop,

But stOl kept on going, too tired to stop.

" O, selling machines," said the man to himself,

"Is no easy way to accumulate pelf

In those days, at least, when the prices are low,

The payments uncertain, and business slow.

O, had I but lived in that dark, middle age.

When the sewing machine was unknown to tha sage,

Arid the secret I owned how to make and to use.

What trades I could drive, ladies couldn't refuse,

I'd sell for cash only — no ragged edge leases

Would btilge out my pockets, but solid gold pieces I "

The thought was so pleasant, such balm to his mind,

He dropped the lines, noddmg, and going it blind.

He slept, tired mortal, and di-eampt a sweet dream.

Of di-iving his team by a Middle-age stream;

Before him arose, to his wondrous delight,

A Middle-age castle, with banners bedight.

" Aha ! " he exclaimed, with a smile on his phiz,

" A prospect that promises excellent biz ! "

He whipped up his team, pulling up at the moat,

Looked wistfully round for abridge or a boat,

Then, not seeing either, he gave a great shout.

Awaking the warden, and bringing him out.

" Od's blood, stop yom- jaw, or you'll jump like a louse !

What's that — Have we got a machine in the house ! "

A parley took place, the cigars were produced.

Which the draw to let down that warder induced.

" What taffy is this, A machine that will sew !

O, give us a rest — that's a horse that won't go !

But if, in good sooth, such contrivance you bring,

The damsels are ijraying for just such a thing.

This castle, you ought to know, is the King's Palace,

And next week is the wedding of sweet Princess Alice."

Then he called a bidl-pup the intruder to guard,

(A canvasser's curse is a dog in the yard,)

He locked the great gate, he went up the great stair,

And blew on his bugle a terrible blare,

The chamberlain came, and the news he was told :

" He's a churl, a humbug ; Mr. Warder, you're sold,

Slit his tongue with your dirk ; but hold till I see

If his Majesty chooses to join in the spree."

His Majesty sat in the banqueting room,

With a keg of fr sh lager moist'ning his gloom ;

He heard the wild tale with a scowl of disdain,

Took a swig at the lager, and said " It was plain

The man was a varlet ; " a royal oath swore,

" The sewing machine man should welter in gore."

" O welter yom-self ! " cried the Queen, who had heard,

" Not a hair of his head shall even be stii-red,

Methinks in this matter I've something to say :

I've been sewing aU night and sewing all day.

My ladies then- fingers have worn to the bone,

Making over old gowns that I have outgro\vn.

For that slattern Alice — Not much, my old boss I

Bring the caitiff right up ; I guess I am boss ! "

That settled the matter ; the caitiff was brought ;

His machine on his back, then Alice was sought ;

The ladies were called from cellar and attic.

The father confessor, fat and rheumatic ;

'I all soMieis with halberts — a martial array —

Wiih several policemen sworn in for the day ;

Cross-bowmen ferocious, and impudent pages.

And a mob of outsiders, all sexes and ages.

They all gathered around to inspect the new comer.

Some called him a wizard, some called him a bummer ;

Some thought him a quack that 1 ad newly arisen.

Some swore they had seen him at work in state's prison,

The machine was, they said, a thing diabolic.

And plainly ini ended to bring- on the colic ;

*From the Sewing Machine Advance,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

May 1, 1883.

An engine of torture, anotherHamented,
Which Edison, doubtless, had lately invented ;
WhUe one supercilious, conceited young flunkey
Vowed 'twas a hand-organ — lacking the monkey,
They turned the wheel, and they worked on the treadle.
With the spooler and presser-foot others would meddle ;
The ladies were even more curious, indeed, tUl
They saw the eye in the wrong end of the needle.
When they all gave a laugh, and joined in conclusion
It couldn't be aught but a snare and delusion.

" Scurvy knave," (the monarch [thus sweetly addressed

him.
As soon as the father had freshly confessed him,)
' ' I am told by my minions you claim to possess
Some device of the devil, to sew up a dress
In much quicker time than our ladies can do it ;
By Jinks you must prove it, or else you shall rue it !
But I'm just to a fault, and I would not condemn
Any liar unheard that runs loose among men.
And though times have been hard, and business so lax is,
My subjects have naught I can grab for the taxes ;
Though my soldiers won't fight, except for back wages.
Nor merchants been captured for ages and ages —
Yet stU] — though you see I can hardly afford it.
Make good your boast, and you'll be richly rewarded.
I will give you my daughter — her beauty the dower.
If you fad — you shall swing from the Donjon tower!
And, madam and ladies, take needles m fingers,
T'will go pretty rough with the female that luigers,
Give the rascal as much Flemish cloth as he chooses,
Bnd divide 'mongst yourselves as much as he uses,
Look sharp ! Should he beat you, as I am a sinner,
I'll chop off your heads, every one, after dinner.
Pass the beer ! my throat is so dry I would wet it ;
You have heard the decree — and don't you forget it ! "

Our canvasser thought the conditions were rough.
But his cheek never blenched, 'twas uncommonly tough.
At the King's pretty daughter he threw a sly wink.
Took the cloth that she gave him, and then took a diink ;
Threaded up the machine with skill that was subtle.
The bearings oiled well, not forgetting the shuttle ;
Then spit on his hands, and got everything steady.
Took his seat, made a bow, and shouted out " Ready ! "

" Go ! " cried the Kmg, and away they go —

My ! what a circle that was to sew.

Fifty hand needles shot to and foi th.

The canvasser worked for all it was worth.

The seam that he sewed flew out so quick.

It made the crowd look awfully sick ;

It fell from the table, it reached the floor.

And crept along to the open door,

Down the big stairs it squirmed and ran.

To the yard, and scared the black-and-tan.

The women worked on in sheer despair.

But a howl of anguish filled the air,

It wormed its way to the bolted gates.

Then up the walls and over the slates.

And down through the chimney's winding flue.

Its rapidly lengthening train it drew ;

Again in the banquet hall appeared.

Where the specials now were badly " skeered ' ;

The women sbrieked, the pages shouted.

The soldiers all were wildly routed,

Their captaui retreated up the stairs.

The father confessor conned his prayers ;

Still the machine kept sewing, sewing ;

Still the long seam kept growmg, growii g ;

The Queen in fits broke her Grecian bend,

And the Kmg's red hair stood up on end ;

The canvasser, smding, stitched away,

And mildly asked could he have his pay ?

" By my haUdom now, if my head is level,"

Cried the monarch, " you are the very devil."

He yelled for the guard to come and seize him.

But they daren't come near the devil, to please him.

He yelled for the priest, but, in wild amazement,

The father had jumped through the latticed casement.

Then, howling with terror, he rose to his feet,

And went for that canvasser smiling so sweet,

And hurled him headlong, by pants and by throat,

Through the window and down to the slimy moat.

When the canvasser woke he was in a muddle.

And found himself clambering out of a puddle ;

His nag, while he slumbered, had made for the clover

That skirted the ditch, and so tumbled him over.

Then he thought of his dream, as he sadly stood there,

And scraped the soft mud from his carotty hair ;

And he sighed, " If such conducts as these is permitted

In the age called the Middle, I'm glad that I quit it !

Give me back, give me back the old long-wmded leases,

I'll not hanker, you bet, for such solid gold pieces ! "

The folloviing list has !<ee» compiled expressly for the "Sewing
Machine Gazette," hy G. P. Redfebn, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Fiiishury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :-

No. 1,075. D. Butterfield, of Keigbley, Yorkshire, Iron and
Brass Founder, for improvements in the construc-
tion and manufacture of caps employed in spin-
ninsr. Dated March 12, 18S1.

,, 1,106. W. J. Ford, of Humlerston, Leioestershii-e, for im-
provements in the combination of stop meehaBism
with circular knitting machines. Dated March
14., 1881,

,, 1,103. G. W. von Nawrocki — a communication from E.
Sehrke and Messrs. Biildge and Hildebrandt, all
of Berlin, for improvements in cop spindles and
appliances connected therewith for continuous
spinning machines. Dated March 15, 1881.

,, 1,1G4. B. Hunt — a communication from J. Bond, junior, a^d
C. M. Swaine, both of PMladelphia, Peausylvania,
United States, for certain improvements in lock-
stitch sewing machines. Dated March 17, 1881.

„ 1,169. W. B. Lake — a communication from C. H. Veeder, of
Plattsburg, New York. United States, for improve-
ments in the saddles of bicycles or similar vehicles,
and in supporting and adjusting devices for the
same. Dated March 17, 1881.

„ 1,180. T. F. Burgess, of Dundee, Forfar, North Britain, for
improvements in and relating to needles and
needle slides or b.irs for sewing majhines. Dated
March 18, 1881.

,, 1,187. J. I. Warman, of Coventry, for an improvement in or
relating to tricycles, which may be applied to other
velocipedes. Dated March 18, 1881.

„ 1,211. H. Mills — a commuuication from D. Mills, of Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania, United States, for improve-
ments in biitton-h'jle sewing machines. Dated
March 19, 1881.

„ 1,219. T. Tongue and T. E. Bladon, both of Birmint;ham,
for improvements in bicycle and tricycle lamps
and other lamps. Dated March 19, 1881.

„ 3,234. J. Sontligate, of Shoe-lane, Fleet-street, London, and
W. Smith and E. Liddell, of Ipswich, Suffolk, for
improvements in propulsion of bicycles and
triey. les. ' Dated March 21, 1881.

„ l,23ii. D. Frazer, of Newry, ArmagL, Ireland, for improve-
ments in flyers for spinning and winding machinery.
Dated March 21, 1881.

„ 1,364. W. E. Lake— a communication from G. B. Scuri, of
Tuiin, Italy, for an improved velocipede. Dated
March 22, 1881.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

No. 1,313. J. Harrington, of Norman's Buildings, St. Luke's,
London, for improvements in bicycles and tricycles.
Dated March 24, 1881.

„ 1,318. C. T. Bastand, of Albany-road, Camberwell, London,
for improvements in sewing machines. Dated
March 24, 1881.

„ 1,385. J. Clayton, of Bradford, Bobbin Manufacturer, for
improvements in bobbins employed in drawing,
finishing, and roving frames. Dated March 29,
1881.

„ 1,431. W. Morgan-Brown — a communication from H.
Sohwerer, of Werdova, Saxony, for improvements
in knitting machinery. Dated April 1, 1881.

„ 1,467. S. C. Straker, of Bishopsgate-avenue, London, Manu-
facturing Stationer, for an improved apparatus for
registering the distance travelled by bicycles, tri-
cycles, and other carriages, or the number of revo-
lutions made by machinery. Dated April 4, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —

No. 3,848.

„ 3,897.
„ 3,910.
„ 3,966.

„ 4,018. J,

., 4,088.
„ 4,108.

„ 4,114. G.

„ 4,137. G.

„ 4,430. S.

„ 4,706.

„ 4.767.

„ 4,797. 0.

„ 5,432. J.

41. J.

„ 419. G,

H. Mills — a communication from D. Mills, of Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania, United States, for improve-
ments in sewing machines chiefly designed for
leather work. Dated September 22, 1880.

E, Clements, of Great Kussell-street, London, for im-
provements in washing machines and apparatus
combined therewith. Dated September 25, 1880.

H. Woodward, of Eegent's Park, London, for a new
or improved combined knife-cleaning and sharpen-
ing machine. Dated September 27, 1880.

P. Wolfi — a communication from A. Hellig, of Little
Ferry, New Jersey, United States, for improve-
ments in pianofortes and other stringed musical
instruments. Dated September 30, 1880.
M. Smith, of West Bromwich, Staffordshire, for
improvements in and relating to exercising appa-
ratus analogous to bicycle or velocipede riding, and
for recording or registering the equivalent to the
mileage or distance performed. Dated October 4,
1880.

H. Charsley, of Oxford, for improvements in or
connected with tricycles. Dated October 8, 1880.
Mitchell, of Openshaw, near Manchester, Mill
Manager, and J. Mitchell, of Southport, both in
Lancashire, Draper, for improvements in pickers
and stoppers for looms. Dated October 9, 1880.
W. Hawkesley, of Sheffield, and W. Lumb, of
Wakefield, Yorkshire, Crabber, for improvements
in machinery for crabbing, squeezing, and finishing
woven and knitted fabrics. Dated October 9, 1880.
Illston, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for im-
provements in or additions to sewing-machines.
Dated October 12, 1880.

Keats, of Leeds, Machinist, and A. Keats, of
Worship-street, London, for improvements in
sewing machines. Dated October 29, 1880.
Thacker, of Nottingham, for improvements in the
manufacture of certain kinds of cloth in circular
knitting machines and in such machines, and in the
arrangements of parts thereof. Dated November
15, 1880.

. Weatherill, of Cheetham, Manchester, commercial
traveller, for improvements in bicycles, tricycles,
and other wheeled vehicles. Dated November 19,
1880.

A. Barlow — a communication from J. Wiget, of
Arbon, and C. Wetter, of St. Gall, both in
Switzerland, for certain improvements in machine
embroidery, and in the process for manufacturing
the same. Dated November 20, 1880.
Harrington, of Norman's Buildings, St. Luke's,
London, for improvements in tricycles, part of
which is applicable to bicycle and other bearings.
Dated December 24, 1880.

and H. Kiddier, of Nottingham, Hosiery Machine
Makers, for improvements in knitting-machinery.
Dated January 4, 1881.
, W. von Nawrocki — a communication from K.
Schrke, and Messrs. Biildge and Hildebrandt, all of
Berlin, for improvements in continuous roving,
slubbing, and spinning frames. Dated February
1, 1881.

PATENTS WHrCH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 979. E. J. Eae, of Hampstead, London, for improvements in
velocipedes, partly applicable to other vehicles,
and to machines. Dated March 11, 1878.

„ 1,007. W. E. Lake — a communication from J. E. Folk, of
Brooklyn, New York, United States, Merchant, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated March
13, 1878.

„ 1,034. R. Curtis, Machine Maker, and W. H. Rhodes and J.
Wain, Foremen, all of Manchester, for improve-
ments in machinery for creparing, spinning, and
doubling. Dated March 15, 1878.

„ 1,058. W. Fairweather, of Manchester, Engineer, for im-
provements in sewing-machines. Dated March

18. 1878.

„ 1,090. W. Heath, of Crabb's Cross, near Redditch, Worcester-
shire, Manufacturer, for improvements in machinery
for smoothing and polishing the eyes of needles,
the thread holes of shuttles, and other parts of
sewing-machines, and the barbs of hooks used
therewith, and of crochet-hooks. Dated March

19, 1878.
1,137. J. Harrington, of Ryde, Isle of Wight, for improve-
ments in bicycles and tricycles. Dated March
21, 1878.

1,149. E. Simpson, of Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, for im-
provements in the construction of bicycles and
other velocipedes. Dated March 22, 1878.

1,199. J. H. Smith, of 436, Euscon-road, London, for im-
provements in velocipedes. Dated March 26, 1878.

1,022. W. Storer, of Nottingham, Engineer, for improvements
in machinery and apparatus for washing, scouring,
wringing, and mangling. Dated March 24, 1874.

1,042. G. Davies, Consulting Engineer, and W. Lees, Sewing-
Machinist, both of Manchester, for improvements
in fringing fabrics, and in the construction of
apparatus therefor, part of which improvements is
applicable also to the manufacture of fringe, and
part to ordinary sewing-machines. Dated March
25, 1874.

Specifications PnBLisHED Ddrinq the Month.

No. 2,944.

„ 2,966.

„ 3 008.

„ 8,076.

„ 3,141.

„ 3,143.

„ 3,148.

„ 3,215.

„ 3,252.

„ 3,286.

„ 3,299.

„ 3,304.

„ 3,334.

„ 3,347.

„ 3,458.

„ 3,524.

Postage Id. each extra.

W. E. Partridge, apparatus for washing

clothes, &c. ... ... ...

J. H. Johnson, sewing machines, &o.

W. E. Lake, knitting machines

E. and L. J. Crossley and W. Sutliffe, spinning,
&c. ... ...

S. Pitt, thread cases and under tensions for

sewing machines
H. W. Pohlmann, pianofortes

C. Cresswell, knitting machinee, &c

W. Goode, machinery for bleaching, scouring,

and cleaning
J. Clough, spinning or drawing machinery
J. H. Johnson, spinning machinery
J. Booth, machinery for spinning fibres

F. Mann, washing machines

A. Storer, apparatus for overhead sewing

W. R. Bull, apparatus for carrying luggage on

bicycles, &c ...

W. Clark, combined clothes washer and wringer
J. Beresford, machinery for polishing silver,
knives, forks, &c.

s. d.

0 6

0 8

0 6

1 4

0 6

" A Newspaper Pbopeietob " has written to the Times to
say that the Government, in permitting postage stamps to be
uced for receipt stamps must be prepared for a great loss of
revenue. It would not require a great amount of ingenuity to
convert imperfectly defaced stamps, taken from envelopes,
into passable receipt stamps. Every day a person who has
much correspondence would find among his letters a certain
number the stamps of which have been defaced so slightly that,
if the stamps are used afterwards for receipts the defacing
marks could be concealed under the writing, which must be
put on a receipt stamp. There are a great many mean and
dishonest persons in tbe world, but surely this is an imaginary
danger !

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

mmi, mm & go.,

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OF NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, never out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family use.

li is a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a life-
time, and NEVER gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OP WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late, Johnson, Clark and Co.),

Finsbnry Circus, LONDON, EC.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MAKUFACTUEEK OP

By Royal Letters Patent. BICYCLK MATKRIALS

Of every description. Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OP WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
slightest of the Tough Toads.^'

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

WE have heard the inquiries put several times recently —
" Where is the British Sewing Machine Trade
Association ? and what is it doing ? " These inquiries,
we observe, generally proceed from a few people who have
been stupid enough to expect that the gentlemen who formed
that Association would lend some amount of support to the
advocates of that very questionable system of business, which
proposes to disregard one of the commonest rights alike of
individuals and trading corporations, namely, the right to their
own fairly earned trade reputation. To such inquiriei we
would simply reply, that the Sewing Machine Trade Associa-
tion never has had the remotest intention of lending any aid
whatever to the extent even of a single sixpence to assist in
the development of such apoUcy as we have lately seen pursued
by certain continental houses having agencies in this country.
We speak from a personal and intimate knowledge of the views
of the large majority of those who compose the Association,
when we say that they view with utter disfavour the system
of business which such houses are attempting to introduce
into this country, and that they would withdraw their connec-
tion from the Association should such a policy ever find favour
in its midst. The Association was formed for the protection
and development of the English sewing machine trade, not for
its spoliation and degradation. Its leading members are gen-
tlemen who have their own trade name and trade repute to
take care of and protect from petty larceny, and they have not
yet come to believe in a policy of piracy and false pretence.
Whenever any question shall arise affecting the interests of the
English trade, it will be found that the Association is quite
equal to protecting the interests of its members, but these
interests never have been, and never can be, identical with
those who filch a trade name with as little compunction as a

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

rogue displays when lie steals linen off a hedge, or a purse
from the pocket.

There is an opening in connection with the Sewing Machine
Trade which has been on offer for some time past, and which
promises considerable scope to any person possessed of more
brains than conscience, the post in question being the Editor-
ship of a new journal to represent the interests of that happUy
small section of the Trade who still persist in using other
people's names to designate their goods by. These eccentric
folks consider themselves illused because no existing Trade
Organ will allow them to ventilate their very peculiar notions
of mumn and temn —either by way of advertisement or other-
wise— and they resolved, we believe, nearly a twelvemonth
ago to run anew Journal, which should support their want of
principle, and enlighten the Trade upon their entirely new
code of mercantile morals. The hour for doing this they feel
has come, and all they now need is the man and the money.
It will, of course, reqmre a very fair amount of the latter, for
nobody expects that such a venture coald ever, by any chance,
pay its own expenses. The game has been tried once and
again, but never with any other result than a heavy financial
loss ; but the chief want of all is the man. He must be able to
prove that the abolition of the eighth Commandment would,
on the whole, be a boon to society, and that honesty is the
worst of all possible policies. He must be an adept at showing
how nearly a rogue may touch the confines of legal fraud
without actually over-stepping the boundary line which leads
to the criminal dock and the felon's prison. He must forget
that there can be such things as honour and rectitude in cem-
mercial transactions, and he must expect to be bidlied and
brow-beaten if he attempts to express a single opinion contrary
to the views of the persons in whose interests he engages to
write. Such are the needful qualifications. The berth is
open — the salary is moderate — the duties easy, if the candidate
is utterly devoid of common honesty. Where is the man who
will accept the post ?

We would direct the attention of our readers to an interesting
article by "Warder" in the Sewing Machine iVcit's, entitled
" Trade Name Nihilism," which we have thought worthy a
place in ourcolumns.andwhioh willbefoundiuanotherpage. It
has been written auent Judge Treat's decision in the recent
case Singer Manufacturiug Co. v. Stannage, a suit for the
alledged violation of plaintiffs' trade mark. The bill was dis-
missed at plaintiffs' cost, but an appeal was immediately taken
by the plaintiffs' counsel to the Supreme Court of the United
States, and as the case holds some analogy to one yet unde-
cided in the English Law Courts, the result will be looked
forward to with much interest.

We are sorry to note the failure of so large a firm as Messrs.
Thomas and Taylor, of Stockport. The washing machine trade
has been comparatively free from these disasters, at least so far
as the wholesale manufactui-ers are concerned. For further
particulars we refer our readers to our "law" columns in
another page of the joimaal.

EXHIBITION OP DOMESTIC LABOUR-SAVING

APPLIANCES.

At the close of the above Exhibition it was resolved by the

exhibitors to show their esteem for the General Manager, Mr.

Charles Messent, and their sense of his courtesy and energy,

by presenting him with a testimonial.

A committee was accordingly formed for the purpose, and

on the 14ih ult. a deputation, consisting of five of the principal
exhibitors, waited upon Mr. Messent, and, in the name of the
rest, presented him with a valuable gold watch and chain. The
watch bore the following inscription : —

" Presented to Charles Messent, Esq., General Manager of
the Domestic Machinery Exhibition, Agricultural Hall, March,
1881, by the exhibitors, as a mart of their esteem."

The Treasurer, in making the presentation, referred to the
successful issue of the Exhibition, and to the large amount of
satisfaction felt by the exhibitors, to which Mr. Messent
responded in suitable terms.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.

THE HEBERLING RUNNING STITCH GUAGING

MACHINE.
This machine, of which we gave a short notice in our
January issue, is manufactured by the Heberlmg Eunniug
Stitch Sewing Machine Company., of Mount Pleasant, Ohio,
U.S.A., and whose chief office and depot in Europe now is
•46, Cannon-street, London, E.C., which is close by Cheapside
and Queen Yictoiia-street, where all the leading sewing
machine companies have their depots. The trimmings now so
much in vogue and known as the "Mother Hubbard" style,
for dresses, costumes, mantles, and waterproof ulstei's for
ladies, can be produced by this little machine, with an
elegance and precision far surpassing anything that can be
done by hand, at the rate of 2,500 stitches per minute, or
5,000 when both needles are use ; consequently it will do as
much work in the same time as twenty persons can by hand.
The principal movable parts of the machine are pinion-bar,
plate pinion, needle-wheel, needle-wheel stud, plate-pinion
stud (which is fastened with a set-screw under the plate),
pinion-bar set-screw, cloth-spreader, cloth-spreader set-screw
and thimble cotnecting with noedle-wheel stud and guage.
As with the assistance of this machine the most beautiful
gauging, gathering, and tucking can be made on material
varying from heavy velvets to the most delicate sEk tissues,
with regularity and speed, the agent will at once see that one
at least will be indispensable in every dressmaker's workroom,
whilst manufacturers of costumes, mantles, and underclothing,
to which it is peculiarly adapted, will go in for quantities upon
seeing what it will accompHsh. In size the Heberling
Running Stitch Guaging Machine is somewhat smaller than
an ordinary sewing machine, with length of arm sutficient for
all purposes ; and can be readily attached to any table, and
worked either by hand or foot. The machines are handsome
in appearance, finely finished, and tastefully ornamented ; all
briglit parts are nickel-plated. The company have received
numerous testimonials as to the merits of the machine in
practical use, all speaking very highly. One lady says : —
" Permit me to say from experience that I regard the Heberling
Quaging Machuie as mdispensablo to every milliner and dress-
maker. It does the work well and thoroughly, and at great
saving of time and labour. It is calculated to meet a great
want in the trade, and I can cordially recommend it." And
a firm of large manufacturers write: — "We are using your
Guaging Machine in our factory ; it supplies over a hundred
hands with their guaging, thus greatly reducing the cost of
our goods." We understand that machines are being ordered
every day by West-End and City houses, and are giving
eveiy satisfaction. It is well perhaps to mention that all the
parts of the Hebei'ling Machine, including the needles, are
covered by the patents granted in the United States, Gie.it
Britain, and throughout Europe.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

ALLEGED THEFT OP A SEWING MACHINE.

At the Sunderland Borough Police-court, on the 5th of
April, Peter Wilson Cochrane, said to be a private detective
in the employment of the North-Eastern Eadway Company,
was charged by Henry Charles Askwith with stealing a sewing
machine, value £5. — Mr. Bell appeared for the prosecutor, and
Mr. Crow, jun., for the prisoner. — Mr. Bell said though the
prosecution had been perfectly justified in taking these steps,
he did not now propose to offer any evidence. — The Bench said
they were not satisfied, as a warrant had been issued for the
apprehension of one of the witnesses (Williams). They ex-
pressed a wish to hear the evidence. — From the statement of
Mr. Bell, it appeared that the prosecutor carries on business at
Newcastle as the proprietor of a sewing machine depot, and
has a branch establishment in Nile-street, Sunderland, of
which John Young, 46, Tatham-street, is the manager. On
the 15th March last, the prisoner went to the shop in Nile-
street, and was supplied with a sewing machine and some oil-
cloth and other things. The conditions upon which he was
supplied were that a premium should be paid down, and that
the articles should remain in the hirer's possession at his own
address until the whole of the purchase money was paid, and
that until the whole of the money was paid the hirer should
only be considered bailee of the articles. The prisoner signed
these conditions, and the machine was supplied him at his
residence at No. 3, Hartley-street. On the following day the
prisoner came to the shop and said the machine suited his wife
very well. In consequence of what the manager, Mr. Young,
heard, he went to the prisoner's house on the following
Monday, when a week's payment would be due, but could not
gain admission. Several times during the week when met by
Young, the prisoner said he would call and pay the instalment,
but he did not do so. On the Friday, the manager found the
machine in the house of a person named Herring, and on the
Monday morning it was in the house of Williams. In the
meantime, the prisoner had told the manager that he would
deny ever having had the machine. — Cross-examined by Mr.
Ci'ow : The witness Young said the prisoner was not drunk
when supplied with the machine, though they had a glass of
beer each. Prisoner did not then tell him that he was changing
his place of residence, but he had since told witness that he
had gone to reside in Moor-street. Since the agreement was
signed, witness had asked the prisoner to sign a stamped agree-
ment, but he had refused to sign it, saying he would call at
the shop and do so. — Mr. Crow said he wished to show that
this was a case for the county court, and not for the police-
court. — By Mr. BeU : It would not be necessary for a person
changing from Hartley-street to Moor-street to go through
the street where the machine was found. — John Williams,
machine broker, St. Mark's-street, MiUfield, deposed that the
defendant said to him on the 17th March last that he had a
sewing machine, and that he was very hard up. He was very
much the worse for drink at the time — in fact, he was pretty
well drunk. That would be before nme o'clock in the morning.
Witness thought defendant was too much the worse for liquor
to have anything to do with him, so he left him, remarking
that he would see him at the Prospect Hotel, where he was
then going. Detective Elliott was passing at the time. He
afterwards saw defendant at the public-house, and as he said
he was very hard up, he advanced him SOs. on the machine,
and took away the machine in a cab. He would have taken
OS. profit on it if the machine had been for sale. Mr. Askwith
came a week after and wanted the machine, and he said he
could have it for X2 5s. Witness wanted his expenses out of
it. He ultimately gave the defendant an order to take the
machine away. Cross-examined : He could not say exactly

whether the SOs. which he gave the defendant was a loan on
the machine, or whether it was a purchase. Of course if he
had not come for the machine, he would have sold it. He often
did business that way. — George Herring deposed that he was
at the Prospect Hotel, Hartley-street, when defendant and
last witness were there. Williams offered to lend SOs. on the
machine. The machine was not sold so far as he was aware. —
Defendant pleaded not guilty, and Mr. Crow said he did not
intend to call any witnesses for the defence. — The Bench com-
mitted him to take his trial at the next Sessions at Durham.
— The Mayor said the Bench could not but express their cen-
sure on Mr. Askwith for having tried to compound this felony.
Under no circumstances should he have done so, and they were
astonished that for one moment he should have allowed this
case to be passed over without being tried. They hoped if he
had anything of this kind in future he would let the law take
its course. — Mr. Grow asked the Bench to allow bail, and they
agreed to accept the defendant's own recognisances for £50
and two sureties of £15 each.

INFRINGEMENT OF PATENT OF A CRIMPING
MACHINE.

Hill v. Toombs. *

The Master of the Rolls had before him on the 12th ult. an
action for an injunction to i-estrain infringement of a patent
for a crimping or trimming machine for the manufacture of
articles of ladies' dresses. The plaintiff invented his machine
in 1878, and on applying for a patent found that a portion of
the process had been invented and patented previously. He
therefore altered his specification and obtained a patent. Of
late he discovered that his patent was greatly infringed. The
defence was that the plaintiff's patent was bad, that it was a
combination of ah'eady known processes, and that the plaintiff
claimed not for a combination, but for an invention. — Mr.
Aston, Q.C., Mr. Webster, Q.C., and Mr. Carpmael were counsel
for the plaintiff; and Mr. Horace Davey, Q.C., Mr. Lawson,
and Mr. Chadwick Ely for the defendant. — His Lordship held
that the objection was fatal, and gave judgment for the
defendant.

In ee Thomas, Tayloe, and Fielding. — In this case an
application was made to file a petition in liquidation, and
expedition was necessary. — The debtors, who traded as
" Thomas and Taylor," were laundry and dairy engineers and
machine makers at Fonthill-road, Finsbury Park, and at
Manchester and other places in the North, and estimated their
liabilities at £11,500, but the assets at present could not be
ascertained. — Mr. Biddle stated that he had to apply to the
court for leave to file a petition, in consequence of objection,
raised in the liquidation department. Though the debtors
traded at Finsbury Park, they were in business at Manchester,
Salford, and other places. His firm had been instructed to
file a petition in the London Court of Bankruptcy, and that
morning the documents, which had been prepared at Man-
chester, arrived in town. When taken to be filed, the
Liquidation office declined to accept the same, as there was no
ewdence whether the parties had or had not had prior bank-
ruptcy or liquidation , and as the practice was strict on the
matter a special application to the court was necessary. — Mr.
Registrar Mui-ray asked whether an understanding would be
given to file the necessary evidence. — Mr. Biddle undertook to
give the required undertaking. In answer to the court, he
said he did not know of a prior petition ; and to search the
files would occupy some time, and the present proceedings
would be rendered nugatory. — His Honour acceded to the
request, and ordered the petition to be filed.

Heney Bate, Sewing Machine Dealee, Stoke-on-Teent.

A meeting of the creditors of Henry Bate was held on the
26th March, at the ofBce of his solicitor, Mr. Wilson, Stoke-
on-Trent. The unsecured liabilities were stated to be
£626 8s. 6d., and the secured £25, the assets amounting to
£60 18s. 2d. An offer of Is. in the pound was rejected, and
liquidation was resolved upon, Mr. Stubbs was appointed
trustee, with a committee of inspection, and Mr. WUson was

iiAT 1, i88i. THE SEWli^G MACHINE GAZETTE ANJD JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

requested to register. Among the creditors are : — Beardmore,
J., Stoke-on-Trent, £6 ; Bishops' Cluster Company, London,
£6 6s.; Bostock, T., Burslem, £17; Brassington and Cooke,
Manchester, £13 14s. lOd. ; Chatterley Iron Company, £7 6s. ;
Cooke, E. and Co., London, £13 6s. ; Cresswell, W. H., Stoke-
on-Trent, £140 ; Harrison, "W., Manchester, £28 14s.; Howe
Machine Company, £59 18s. ; Littleton, Hon. C. J., Penk-
ridge, £100 ; Leadley, G., Stoke-on-Trent, £19 Is. ; Manchester
and Liverpool Bank, £8 ; Medina, E., Stoke-on-Trent, £8 ;
Morris, C, Manchester, £5; Oldaore, T., Stoke-on-Trent, £8 ;
Sellers and Allen, London, £32 6s. ; Stubbs, T., Fenton, £25 ;
Taylor and Wilson, Accrington, £7 10s. ; Union Bank of
Manchester, £28 ; Varley and Wolfenden, Keighley, £11 15s. 5d. ;
Wade, P., Stoke-on-Trent, £5; Wright and Son, £5 12s. 8d ;
Weston Coyney Colliery Company, £5 7s.

Liquidations by Arrangement.

Large, Edward, Saltley, near Birmingham, and Cato-street, North,
Birmingham, bedstead manufacturer (separate creditors).
March 22.

Lookwood, .Tohn, Wakefieid-road, Dewsbury, late sewing machine
agent. March 22.

Talbot, John, Cato-street, North, Birmingham, bedstead manu-
facturer (separate creditors). March 22.

Gibson, Eobert George, late Hull, ironmonger. March 26.

Graham, Joseph, Eagle House, Curwen-street, Workington, iron-
monger. April 2.

Grant, Thomas Charles, High-street, Watford, ironmonger.
March 24.

Boe, William, Westgate-road, Newcastle, ironmonger. April 21.

Bills of Sals.
Appleton, Cornelius Lyde, Shepton Mallett, Somerset, iron-
monger ; .£200. In favour of Abraham Collins. Filed March 25.
Harrison, Thomas, 5, St. Nicholas-street, Lancaster, ironmonger ;

^646, &c. In favour of National Mercantile Bank. Filed

March 30.
Smith, William Edward, deceased (by Maria Parrott Smith, his

widow, and another). Bridge-street, Isleworth, ironmonger ;

je250, absolute sale. In favour of George E. Smith. Filed

March 31.
Ward, Sophia, 122, Dale-street, Liverpool, ironmonger ; ^673, &c.

In favour of Liverpool Investment, &c., Co. Piled April 8.
George, William, 67, High-street, Poplar, ironmonger: .£35, &c.

In favour of Isaac Cohen. Filed April 13.
Part, Thomas Richardson, 94, Standishgate and 4, Mill-gate,

Wigan, Lancashire, ironmonger ; ^6165, &c. In favour of Woolf

Levy. Piled April 11.
Griffiths, Wiliam, 22, Stanley-street, Holyhead, Anglesey, iron-
monger; ^70, &c. In favour of Thomas K. Jones. Filed

April 22.
Smith, WUliam, 15, Middle-street, Brighton, ironmonger, gasfitter,

&c. ; JB64, &c. In favour of Moses PhQlipps. Filed April 21 .

County Court JuiSoments.

Birtwistle, Kenyon, 30, Canal-street, Clayton-le-Moors, Lancashire,

machine dealer .£13 17s. March 10.
Birtwistle, Hilton, 16, Ellis-street, Burnley, Lanorshire, machine

dealer; .£13 17s. March 10.
Kneale, George, 320 & 322, Mill-street, Liverpool, ironmonger;

ill 10s. March 8.
Allen, J., 10, West Bridge, Leicester, ironmonger; ^filO 5s. 2d.

March 12.
Smith, John, 36, Clifton-street, Eoath, Cardiff, ironmonger;

X42 3s. 5d. March 14.
Ward, B., Ill, Newingtou Butts, ironmonger; jEll 13s. March 16.
Barr«tt, Wm., Barrow, Lancashire, ironmonger; ^621 12s.

March 18.

Crosskey and Son, Market-street, Lichfield, ^Staffs., ironmonger ;

£20 5s. lid. March 12.
Farrant, James, 50, Artillery-place, Woolwich, ironmonger ;

il2 5s. 7d. March 23.
Greene, Andrew B., 7, Moorgate-street Station-buildings, iron-
monger ; ill 7s. 6(3. March 29.
Perks, William, trading as Wm. Perks and Co., Ingleby-street,

Spring-hill, Birmingham, bedstead manufacturer; j622 10s. 7d.

March 15.

Dissolutions of Partnership.
Bowers and Cook, Wolverhampton, manufacturers of bicycles.

March 28. Debts by Thomas Bowers.
Hillary and Co., Teal-street, Mape-street, Bethnal Green, washing

machine manufacturers. February 19.
Holmes, J. L. and Son, Sutton, ironmongers. March 17. Debts

by Arthur Eundell Holmes.
Hope and Harrison, Gloucester, ironmongers. March 10.
Luke, John and Co., Dartmouth, ironmongers. March 18. Debts

by W. B. Luke.
Miller, Bros., Old-street, Shoreditch, fixture and mangle dealers.

March 25.

THE DEUMMEE, OR AMERICAN COMMERCIAL
TRAVELLER.

There are few, indeed, outside of the commercial world, who
are intimately acquainted with the seemingly brilliant life of
the average travelling salesman, and none without practical
experience can realise the most essential qualities necessary for
success on the road. Notwithstanding, the general impression
prevails that any one, with ordinary business capabilities,
may readily become a successful drummer. That this idea is
wholly incompatible can be seen from the fact that not only
must a drummer be an excellent judge of human nature, at
the same time possessed of much ready wit and a smooth
tongue, but above all, great discretion in knowing when and
how to use them.

In engaging a representative for the road, the utmost care
is exercised in selecting a man who can fulfUl the foUowiag
requirements : neatness, honesty, sobriety, perseverance,
patience, and besides, what is of greater importance, amiable
under all circumstances. In fact, as near perfection as it is
possible for a human being to attain. Hence the limited
number, among the great army of drummers, who are in any
way competent to represent a firm on the road and assume
the responsibilities.

The average drummer, and more especially the young men,
are careless and extravagant, and even regarded by many as
being privileged characters, devoid of principle, whose only
ambition, and, in fact, sole occupation, consists in sitting in a
large arm chair in front of some hotel, with a cigar in his
mouth, and winking at the pretty girls.

Whatever faults the drummer possesses can be attributed to
the influence of temptation such a calling affords. A man con-
tinually travelling has no home life, and everywhere he makes
himself at home. Many imagine the life of a drummer a
pleasant one. True, there is a certain charm in going from
place to place and coming in contact with various kinds of
people. Many incidents are encountered, and travelling
abounds with adventures. After a few years of roaming,
however, the charms disappear. All that was interesting or
amusing begins to wane, and the drummer's life grows mono-
tonous. It is then that he appreciates the comforts of a per-
manent home, and only pursues travelling in order to satisfy
his appetite and passions.

The drummer seldom waits for an introduction, and when
one drummer meets another they exchange cards, and, provid-
ing they are not in the same line, become f liends. As a rule,
the drummer is a jovial, good-natured, entertaining fellow,
but, withal, he frequently suffers abuse and humiliation at the
hands of uncivil merchants, who take delight in treating him
with indifference, and even contempt, informing him in the
most abrupt manner that "mercantile tramps" are not wel-
come, and a few go so far as to announce their meanness on a
placard hung up in some conspicuous place. The experienced
drummer gives not the slightest notice to such rebuffs, for he
holds that forbearance is the sublimest courage, and tenacity
the greatest virtue.

Not long since business called me to Council Blaffs, Iowa,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

May i, 1881.

where I never had occasion to stop before. On entering the
store of a prominent merchant, I was infoimeJ by one of the
clerks that the pi-oprietor sat in the rear, perusing a paper. I
advanced towards him, and on seeing me he deliberately arose,
adjusted his eye-glasses, scrutinised me from head to foot,
sat down again, and ^es^lmed reading. I approached, wished
him a good morning, and expressed my surprise at his conduct.

" I know you were a drummer," was the reply.
• "Pardon me, kind sir; a commercial tourist, if you please."

" Well, what do you intend to bore me with ? "

" Sir, I am a stranger in a sti'ange city. I am the represen-
tative of one of the largest and most extensive drug manufac-
turers in America, and have taken the liberty to call in hopes
of being welcomed to your beautiful city, and also to make a
few inquiries regarding several parties who desire to purchase
our wares, but if my presence is annoying I beg a thousand
pardons for the intrusion."

" My young friend, give me your hand, and forgive me ; but
really these drummers (commercial tourists, if you please)
have so provoked me of late that I swore they ought to be
exterminated. Pray be seated, and if I can atone for my
rudeness by being of any service to you, I shall consider it an
bonour. Do you anticipate remaining in Council Bluffs over
Sunday ? If so, I should be most happy to have you visit me,
and I will endeavour to make it as pleasant as possible for

" I regret exceedingly to decline your kind invitation, but I
am booked for Omaha, where letters await me."

" Oh, but I insist upon your remaining, and will have your
letters attended to. Come, now, what do you say?"

" Well, I will consent on one condition, and that is if you
will promise to purchase a bill of shirts from me."

" But you informed me that you were selling drugs."

" Pardon me, I will explain. I did not think my line were
drugs vmtil arriving in the ciity, when I learned to my sorrow
that the merchants had just returned from market and had
purchased their stocks, and that shirts were indeed a drug.
Now, sir, you can be of service to me by walking to the hotel
to inspect our new-fangled, self-ventUating, concave and con-
vex, double seam, re-inforced — — "

" Stop, young man ; I have been in business during the past
twenty years, and this is the first time I have been taken in.
I will go to the hotel with you and purchase a bill of goods,
although I am overstocked. Come and take a drink."

PROCKTEE'S METALLIC DOOR MAT.

This invention resembles in appearance the ordinary Tubular
Indiarubber Mat, but it possesses the advantages of greater
solidity, durability, and strength, Being formed of iron,
thickly coated with zinc, it is extremely durable, is not affectei
by exposure to wet, and will not warp or lose its original
shape. For churches, chapels, hotels, shops, schools, country
houses, public and other buildings, it is invaluable. The dirt
removed from the boot falls into the cellular spaces, and on
lifting the mat it can be readily swept away. The manufac-
turer is Ml-. W. Prockter, ironmonger, Launceston, Cornwall.

THE ZEEOMOTOE.

_ Prof. Gamgee has made a discovery, which is to revolu-
tionize all the accepted theories in connection with motive
power. Mr. Isherwood, the chief engineer of the United
Staffs Navy, has recommended his department to give Mr.
Gamgee the opportunity to try his new motor in the Wash-
ington Navy-yard, and the engineeiing world on this side of
the Atlantic is awaiting the result with some degree of
ititerest, not to say impatience. It is well known that liquid
ammonia is vaporised imder pressure at the average tempera-
ture of the air in warm climates, and, in vaporising, it, of
course, acts somewhat in the same way as steam, and may be
used to propel a piston in a cylinder. Consequently it can be
utilised as a motive power ; but, until Prof. Gamgee promul-
gated his views, no one dreamt that it could be used without
the aid of fuel as a motor for war vessels and other ships that

are now propelled by steam. Full details of the discovery are
withheld, but the fact that the Chief Engineer of the United
States Navy has lent the weight of his name to the scheme
gives it a certain importance, and those who would unhesita-
tingly denounce it as a resuscitation of the perpetual motion
snare are awaiting further particulars before they condemn the
new " zeromotor." The practical test, however, -vvill effectually
determine its value.

THE INVENTION OP THE STOCKING LOOM.

When the crude state which every branch of the mechanical
arts was in previous to the sixteenth century is taken into
consideration, it may be claimed for William Lee's invention
of the stocking loom that it was one of the most extraordinary
examples of mechanical ingenuity that has ever been achieved.

In every other process of weaving various threads are made
either to intersect or to twist round each other, in order to bind
or connect them together to form the web, but in stocking
weaving, in its simple form, only one thread is used, and it
is by this alone that a sei'ies of loops are made, in such a
manner as to intersect each other, and thereby form the
looped fabric which is the distinguishing feature of this system
of weaving.

Eespectnig the life of William Lee, many conflicting accounts
are given. It appears that he was born at Woodborough, in
Nottinghamshire, but as the parish register only commences
in 1547, it does not contain an account of his baptism.

In 1833 Dr. Ure, assisted by Mr. Pelkin and other gentle-
men of Nottingham, made a thorough inquiry respecting the
history of the Lee family, and all information that could be
obtained about Lee and his invention. Unfortunately nothing
of importance was added to what was already known ; but the
Doctor gave his opinion that the following is the more
probable statement of the case : —

"It is an ancient tradition around Woodborough, his birth-
place, that Lee in youth was enamored of a mistress of the
knitting craft, who bad become rich by employing young
women at this highly-prized and lucrative industry. By
studying fondly the dexterous movements of the lady's hands,
he became himself an adept, and had imagined a scheme of
artificial fingers for knitting many loops at once. Whether
this feminine accomplishment excited jealousy or detracted
fi'om his manly attractions is not said ; but his suit was
received with coldness, and then rejected with scorn. Eevenge
prompted him to realise the idea which love first inspired, and
to give days and nights to the work. Tbis ere long he
brought to such perfection that it has since remained with-
out essential improvement, the most remarkable stride in
modern invention. He thus taught his mistress that the love
of a man of genius is not to be slighted with impunity."

After many failures in obtaining a patent, Lee went to
France, taking his machines with him, but he died in Paris in
1610, before establishing his business. Daring his illness, Mr.
James Lee, a brother of William, who was at that time at
Eouen, where it was intended to carry on the manufacture,
went to Paris, but he found on his arrival that his brother was
dead and buried. On his return to Eouen he ,with seven of
the workmen who had gone with them from England, returned
to London, taking with them the machines they had brought.
These machines were set up in Old-street-square, and became
the foundation of the London Hosiery Manufacture. The
machines were sold, and Mr. James Lee went to Nottingham,
for the purpose of making more. He found out one of his
brother's old apprentices, named Aston, who was at the time
in business as a miller. They joined in partnership, and began
making new frames in 1620.

From this period the business rapidly extended, and in 1657
the Company of Stocking Weavers, or " Frame Work Knitters,"
obtained their charter. London, Godalming, and Notting-
hamshire were tne chief seats of the trade. Some slight im-
provements had been made in the construction of the machine
from the time of Aston's, but it was not before the middle of
the next century that various additions were made to the
frame by means of which considerable changes were made in
the fabrics produced.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

TRICYCLING BY STEAM.
Bi AN Occasional Cokeespondent.)

" Go and see the steam tricycle at the Agricultural Hall."
Such was the advertisement in glaring red letters that met
one's eye on most of the omnibuses some few weeks back. I
went one morning early, and by chance found in the gallery
the inventor, Sir Thomas Parkyns, enjoying the soothing weed
and silently contemplating his machine.

"This machine," said Sir Thomas, "I invented for the
purpose of conveying myself and my photographer's apparatus
from place to place."

I said, " I thought the machinery should not be in so con-
spicuous a place ; besides it was rather in the way."

"Don't you be too much in a hurry," said Sir Thomas. " I
have heard hundreds make the same remark. I did not make
this machine for the public, but for myself. If I put the
engine under the seat where would my photographer's
apparatus go ?"

These few words of conversation between myself and the
baronet will suffice to explain that which has puzzled all who
have seen the machine — why the engine was not put under the
seat instead of in front on the left hand side. The tricycle to
be made for the public will be of lighter construction than the
one exhibited and working with an oscillating cylinder to
each large wheel, and will retail at £45.

The following is the description of the patent in the in-
ventor's own words : —

I alter and enlarge the frame work of the ordinary tricycle
by placing the third or hind wheel a little further to the rear ;
and in order to transfer the strain of this hind wheel to the
middle of the same I place a forked rod, the fork of which I
attach to the axle of the said hind wheel, and the other end I
attach to the frame of the tricycle, and in the space so made
available between the seat of the rider and the hind wheel I
place a tubular boiler for the purpose of generating steam for
driving the steam engine. This boiler is adapted for burning
liquid fuel, such as paraffin, rock oil, or other volatile oils in
the following manner : — I place on or near to the boiler a tank
containing the liquid fuel, from the bottom of which tank a
pipe is carried underneath the boiler, and is then sent back in
a ZD shape and closed at the end. The top side of the lower
half of the 3 tube is perforated with small holes to allow of the
escape of the gases which are generated in the upper half of
the 3 tube by the heat of the burning liquid fuel and gases
escaping through the perforations in the lower half. A tap on
the pipe near to the liquid fuel tank regulates the glow of the
the liquid. In some cases I pi'efer to volatilise the liquid fuel
by placing a small burner mider the tank instead of using
the 3 tube, and I then conduct the inflammable gases which
are generated in the tank under the boiler, and alluw them to
escape through small holes in the pipe, where they burn, and
thus generate steam in the boiler. The steam from the
boiler is expanded in one or more steam cyliuder.s, the piston
rods of which are connected either direct to the axle of the
large central wheel, or if preferred by means of gearing or
straps in the manner well understood by engineers. lu certain
cases I fit a surface condenser to the engine, composed of small
thin tubes. The boiler and engine are covered in by a light
wooden or metallic case, and over the top may be placed a
light box or locker, in which may be carried .any tools, or
stores, or wearing apparel. It is obvious that the; above
apparatus for propulsion is readily applicable to all other
descriptions of vehicles.

Before we see the steam tricycle common in our streets,
lawyers will have to decide whether it shall be legal to ride one
or nut. The inventor h;is been served with six summonses for
riding his machine in the open street. The magistrates of
Greenwich fined him Is. in each case, giving him leave to
appeal to a superior court, which it is certain be will do.

" YoTT must cultivate decision of character and learn to say
'No,' " said a father to his son. Soon after, when his mother
told him to shovel dowm some coal, the boy said " No " with
an emphasis which showed a remembrance of the lesson.

APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, BLACKING, AND

POLISHING BOOTS AND SHOES, &c.

Mr. Thomas Lever, of Nelson, near Burnley, Lancaster, has
obtained provisional protection only for " Improvements in
apparatus for cleaning, blacking, and polishing boots, .shoes,
and other articles." This is a simple machine which will
effectually clean and polish boots and shoes. The inventor
thus describes his invention : —

On a suitable frame or stand I employ three sets of circrJar
grooved or hollow brushes carried on suitable spindles; the
brushes are carried at the one end of their spindles by cranks
or arms, at their other ends by wheels or discs. The bodies of
the brushes I make preferably of iudia rubber, in which are
fixed the bristles ; the spindles of each brush are made
telescopic, that is to say, to slide into each other, so that by
means of shafts with right and left hand threads, worm and
worm wheels, the brushes can be expanded or contracted at the
will of the attendant, according to the sizes of the bootsorshoes
to be cleaned. The middle brush being the blacking brush it
has a suitable receptacle for the blacking, and a number of
teats at intervals to distribute the blacking. The supply o£
blacking can be stopped or regulated by a shield inside the
centre brush, which cuts off the communication with the teats.
The machine may be worked either by treadle, hand, or motive
power, and by means of a number of pulleys and bands. The
brushes revolve at a great velocity; the cranks also slowly
revolve and carry the brushes and spindles around with them,
and bring chem into operation successively, or as required.

The action is as follows : — The boots are placed upon the
hands of the attendant, and held under and in contact with
the first brush, which brashes off the dirt from the front part
of the boots or shoes; the boots are then placed between the
first and second brushes, so that the second bru^h blacks the
fronts of the boots, whilst the first brush cleans off the dirt
from the heels or hind parts of the boots; the boots are then
placed between the second and third brushes ; third brush
comes into operation and polishes the front part of the boots,
whilst the second brush is blacking the back parts of the
boots; are then placed over or behind the third brush, which
polishes their back parts. The whole operation of thoroughly
cleaning a pan- of boots with this apparatus taking but one
minute.

Any class of boots may be cleaned with this apparatus, and
any poition of the boots as required.

Melbourne International Exhibition. — Messrs. S.
Thomas and Sorts, British Needle Mills, Redditch, have re-
ceived the first award at this exhibition for sewing machine
needles. Messrs. H. Mil ward and Sons have been awarded
first class awards respectively for needles, fish-hooks, packing
needles, and surgeons' needles. They were also awarded a
second-class for salmon flies. Messrs. W. Woodfield and Sons,
Easemore Works, were also awarded a second order of merit
for serving needles. Mr. Chas. A. Rickards, sewing silk manu-
facturer, of Bell Busk MUl, has been awarded the first order
of merit for twist and reel sUk.

Shopkeepers and others will please take notice that a
fargerv of Bank of England £o notes has been discovered at
ShefBeld. The note is dated " May 19, 1880." _ The engraving
is wonderfully perfect, even to the microscopic marks, which
are known only to the initiated. The fraud is apparent from
the absence of the water-mark. Otherwise the note would
easily deceive.

SO NEAR, AND YET SO FAR.

The boy stood on the gallei'y floor

At the naughty female show ;
And oast his longing glances o'er

Bald-headed sin below.

" I'm too far back," he sadly said,

Yet dared not forward go.
For he saw his aged father's head

First in the foremost row.

$4,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP D0ME8TIC APPLIANCES.

Mat ],1881.

APPARATUS FO±i CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS

AND SHOES.

Mr. 0. Mattison, of Hamraersmith, has obtained provisional
protection only for improvements in machinery or apparatus for
cleaningand polishing boots and shoes. This invention has for
its object the construction of simple and effective apparatus for
polishing boots and shoes in an economical and effective
manner. It consists in a stand or platform fitted with a hinged
last or lasts, which can be adjustable in their sizes, or various
sizes can be placed in position. The boot or shoe to be cleaned
is placed on this platform with the last inside, and held in posi-
tion by a cramp or otherwise. By throwing back the last on
its hinge the foot with the boot on can be placed on the plat-
form and the cleaning then performed. A lever is arranged
swivelling on a centre underneath the platform and furnished
with removable curved brushes, the distance between which can
be adjusted to suit the size of the boot or shoe to be cleaned.
One of these brushes operates on each side of the boot or shoe
by ha,ving a reciprocating movement (analogous to hand
brushing) imparted to it by a pin crank, or other device, from
the main shaft. This shaft actuates by mitre, friction wheels,
or their equivalent, a rotating brush pivoted on a horizontal
axis which cleans the "upper" or front part of the boot or
shoe. A standard carrying a driving wheel is fitted to the
stand, and this wheel actuates the main shaft by an endless
belt or other device, the relative sizes of the pulleys being
advantageously three to one. The various brushes can be
made removable to allow of the different operations of brush-
ing, blacking, and polishing, and one may use a rotary black-
ing brush to be held by a handle and operated by a flexible
shaft from the main axle, so as to be applied to every part of
the boot or shoe on the last or stand. To assist in polishing
more quickly, the inventor can arrange a smaU fan actuated
from the main shaft, which can be heated by a small lamp, or
otherwise, and furnished with a pipe and mouthpiece, so that
warm air can be blown on the boot or shoe after the blacking
is put on. This will materially shorten the time of polishing
when large numbers of boots have to be polished. The speed
of the fan and quantity of air is readily adjustable, and the
fan or the sets of brushes are arranged to be thrown in and
out of gear as required.

Domestic Economy Congeess. — A meeting of the general
committee of ladies of the above congress was held at the
Society of Arts on the 27th ult., Sir H. Cole, K.C.B., in the
chair. Tmong those present were : The Countess of Airlie,
the "Viscountess Haberton, Ladv Charlotte Schreiber, Lady
Blanche Hozier, Lady Cole, Mrs. Cotton, Mrs. Ployer, Mrs.
Grenfell, Mrs. HoUond, Mrs. Lecky, Mrs. Mann, Mrs. Peploe,
Miss Cole, Miss Hooper, and Miss Pay Lankester. Lord A.
Churchill, Major-General Cotton, C.S.I., the Rev. J. Paun-
thorpe, and the Eev. N. Price, members of the executive com-
mittee, were also present. Nine candidates were elected
members of the congress. The committee discussed the
details for the opening of the congress by a conversazione at
the Royal Albert Hall towards the end of June.

BICYCLE GOSSIP.

(By an Idlee,)

The favourable change in the weather which has occurred
dui ing the past month has made glad the heart of
most bicycle manufacturers, for they are now busy exe-
cuting orders, while retailers of these articles are experiencing
a good steady trade. Coventry, Wolverhampton, and many
other towns are now turning out great quantities of these iron
steeds for both home and export trade.

At Coventry the other day, I learnt that Messrs. Warman,
Laxon, and Co., who, by the bye, have taken into partnership
Mr. Aslatt, have, with a view of increasing their business,
taken possession of some good premises known as the Albion
Mills. I wish them success in their enterprise. Messrs.
Hillman, Herbert, and Cooper are, I hear, making a new
tricycle which will shortly be placed on the market. This
machine will drive both wheels; steer in front, turn on the
front, and at the same time be very light in construction. I
was sorry to learn that Mr. James Starley, of Starley Bros,
is very ill. I believe he is shortly to undergo an operation.
All who know him will wish him safely through it. When
down the East of Loudon the other day, I noticed a new firm
of bicycle manufacturers had suddenly sprung into existence.
What class of machine they make I cannot say, but I shall soon
go and play Paul Pry. What about the steam tricycle P How
will the lawyers decide this important question ? Will Sir
Thomas Parkyns have to be preceded with a man and a red
flag like a steam roller ? I hope the judges will have had a
good breakfast or luncheon, for on that depends entirely the
state of their temper, and on their temper the decision of the
case.

Me. G. Baddeley, sewing machine agent, of 25, Church-
road, West Brighton, writes as for the addresses of a few good
wholesale perambulator manufacturers. We leave the trade
to answer him.

Mr. C. W. Senatje (who has the European agency for the
Heberling running stitch sewing machine) represents also
almost every description of American manufactures. Shippers
and large buyers wiU do well to inspect the varied stock of
samples at the warehouse, 46, Cannon-street, E.G., which
include specialties in agricultural implements, machinery,
axes and edge tools, carriages and materials, ship chandlery,
boots and shoes, shoe pegs, nails and tools, woodenware,
clocks, sewing machines, lampware, cigars and tobacco, safes
and pumps, patent medicines, chairs and furniture, glassware,
India rubber goods, stationery, jewellery, druggists' sundries,
canned goods, toys and novelties, kerosene and other oils.

" Uncle, what is the hardest lesson you ever had to learn ?"
asked a young lady -of a veteran statesman known for his
strong prejudices. "That the man who differs from me not
only in opinions but in principle may be as sincere and honest
as I am," was the reply.

" Ma," said a little boy, looking up from an illustrated
paper, "I wish I was a little South Africa boy." "Why,
Georgie ?" asked his ma. " Why, 'cause their mothers don't
wear slippers," he feelingly replied.

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Restaurants, and Private Houses, It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B.— This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Pork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, &c. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware-
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, J-lb., 6d. ; 1-lb., 1/; 2-11)., 1/9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, -23 inches; width, 12 inches; height, 9 in. MOSSrS. HUTCHISON & CO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.G.

;

Vay 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEEY PAET SUPPLIED IN VAEIOUS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

J^one but the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IBOJV, BEST BEST GUK, 8fc., ^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PEINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, UMPS,

BELLS, tScc, <Sz;C.

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :—Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALERS ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOE WHOLESALE TEEMS

THE SEWIMG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

ILLMAN, HERBERT, & COOPER,

Works :— O O V E N T R T.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OP THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

BlUMAH HERBERT &COOPU
MAKERa.

COOPERS

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

On the "D.H.F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

TESTIIMZOlSri^LS.

Please send another large size " Cooper's Patent " Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Yours truly, W. Tatteespield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Yours truly, H. Eevell Retnolds, jun., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Eetnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

All Oommunications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

Mat 1, 188i.

THE SfiWiNG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JotjRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE PATENT

">EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

AEE

UNIVERSALLY

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PROOF,

DURABLE,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLIGHT

LUBRICATION.

ELETATION.

FEONT VIEW.

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews,

EtEVATION.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. C O R T I S , Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATEUE CHAMPIONSHIP RACES on a Bicycle fitted with " ^olus " Bearings,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECORD TIME in Three, Four, and Five Miles.

In the SIX DAYS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and some odd
laps Tfithout dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILLIAM BO^VN,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUREE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Requisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B.— Considerable reduction in price of the " /Eolus " Bearings this Season.

THE SEWINO MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

May 1, I88i.

" The Coventry Triumph " Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTUEERS OF THE ^^ EXPRESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

THE LARGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

EWIN6 lUTAGHINE TITTINfiS

Warehouse.

i Machine "Belt" § W 1 Oil

Manufacturers. Af J& Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &Cm

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

PHce usts Free. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMINGHAM,

INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION

Of Power and Work Machinery, Implements and Tools for small industries ; Macliines and Implements
for the Dairy, and Agricultural Machinery, to be held in

.i^ I_. T O IsT ^A^, 3srE^ii 13: ^^ IM: IB TJ Pe, G- ,
From August 18th till October 17tli, 1881.

Applications should be sent in at once. For Prospectuses, apply to the Commissioners at their OfiB.ce,

116, KONIGSTRASSE, ALTONA.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

a P

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MANCHESTER

LXJ

■to

if)

CO
CO .

2 ^

MAN

ERLI

<-r>

1 i

m
X

-=c

'^ 1

a a ^^\

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Double Sec-
tion Hollow
Bims, 18s.6d
per pair.

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market.

a^ »],

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R. Racer is the litrhtest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

3S, BXj-A^CJCI^A.]^ ST- Xj03srX)QI<r-

INDIARUBBER BICYCLE and CARRIAGE TYRES of every description kept
in Btock, and supplied by return. Indiarubber Air Saddles, 7s. 6d.. post free
All kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or finish. Uustrated Price
List, 1 Stam|i. Suite k Co., Indiarubber Manufacturers, 87, Blackman-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MAmiFACTTJEERS OE THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium l\/laGliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPEOVEMENTS.

Also JIASTJFACTITREES OF THE

Ou tlie Wheeler aud Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair. '

iXPRESS

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESCKIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa " Lock-
stitch Sewing 2Iachines, and Boyal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock- Stitch Sewing Machines from 27/- each.

TO INVENTORS, GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. De Fontainemoreau Sf Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBXJBY, LONDON;

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £7; Belgian, .£8;

German, £10 10.^.; United States, X17 10s. Designs and Trade

Marks Kegi'st«red. Circular gratis on appUoatioa-

40 THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUHNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Mat 1, 1881.

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the
Paris Exposition was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT ANO SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

I A GEEAT VAEIETY OF MACHiraRH

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTING.

RAND TURNING, i
SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self -Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

4T NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES. AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WQRSHIF STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Mat 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 41

B"'^" SI'EOI.A.X^ .A.I=:POI3NrT3ivd:B3SrT.

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

R.F.&J.ALEXANDER&CO.,

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MA.IESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

CROFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON.

LONDON WAREHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.C.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords—Soft and Glace Cottons.

<^f\'^1?>^ ^S^''"^* ^*^'^^V''*''''4:

SiiN AlooN STAR

Best duality. Medium Quality. Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consuniers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

THE ONLY GOLD MEOAL AT THE PARIS EXHIBITION

FOR

BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY,

BLAKE AND GOODYEAE

T & SHOE MACHINERY CO., LIMITED.

THE NUBIAN BLACKING

All Boot and Shoe Manufacturers, Saddlers, Harness Makers, and Bag Manufacturers

should keep the Nubian Blacking.

The NUBIAN BLACKINa

"s perfectly Waterproof.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
will not rub off, or soil ladies'
skirts.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
need only be applied once a week.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
gives a polish equal to patent
leather.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
will not crack.

The NUBIAN BLACKING

will polish belts, travelling bags,
harness, and all leather goods.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
keeps the leather soft and
pliable.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
is free from acid, which abounds
more or less in all other Black-
ings.

The NUBIAN BLACKING
is an entirely new Article to th»
trade, is Waterproof, preserveii
the Leather, and gives a high
polish to the boot, and does not
rub off; can be easily applied
by a Lady or Gentleman ; does
not require to be used oftener
than once a week. Must not be
brushed with, an ordinary Shoe
Brush. Each Bottle has a wire
and sponge jUached to the cork.

None Genuine mihont tTie words

"NUBIAN BLACKING"

across the LobsX.

TRADE MARK.

AGENTS ARE BEING APPOINTED IN EVERY TOWN.

WHOLESALE DEPOTS :

8, SNOW HILL, and 1, WORSHIP STREET,
FINSBURY, LONDON, E.G.

■p^

Mat 1. 1881. THE jSEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The Coventry Special Bicycles, Tricycles, Perambulators, &c.

^^,m *»*^*W Pe.^^^^

VERY ELEGANT,

VERY LIGHT,

THE MOST HANDSOME

CARRIAGE MADE.

W/l

Sing'le, .£5 5s,
Double, <£5 15s.

Fitted with Bicycle Wheels.

The most perfect Perambulator
ever introduced.

SEND FOR FULL DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF ALL KINDS OF PERAMBULATORS.
LIBERAL TERMS TO THE TRADE.

Price .£13 13s.

THE "COVENTRY" SPECIAL TRICYCLES.

(No. 1.) (No. 3.)

Price .£13 13s.

LIGHT, ELEGANT, the

EASY TO DRIVE. Qq^^^^^j gpedal

BICYCLES,

£14 10s., £10 10s.,

£7 15s., and £6.

Send for full descriptive List post free.

Liberal Terms for Cash to the
Trade.

NELSON, WRIGHT & CO., COVENTRY.

-44

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Mat 1, 1881.

Finlayson, Bonsfleld k Go.'s

MACHINE THREADS

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
fHREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE,

LONDON; N.B.— Fmlaysoii, Bonsfleld, and ^^h!^
Co., did not exhibit at the Paris
Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

JOHNSTONE/- GLASGOW.

1851;

Printed for th? Proprietors, and Published by them at 11, Ave Miria Laae, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.
MAYl^^ 1881.

RTOMNG STITCH OATOING MACHINE,

Patented &inatuitaeturecl hy

THE HEBERLING SEWING MACHINE CO.,U.S.A.

Chief Office & Depot in Europe.

46, Cannon Street, London, e.g.

<Mf£'s <s- CiT/fse^Tso/f^

/6. Lirrce TpiN/rr Ihn£, e. c.

The Household Washing, Wringing, """oS™™

and Mangling Machines.

5, New St., Bishopsgate St., E.C.

Vol IX. No. 127.

JUNE 1. 188L

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufecturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS. &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

THE HEEEHLING imiM STITCH MM HAGHINE.

PATENTED IN THE UNITED STATES
AND THROUGHOUT EUROPE.

THE NEW MACHINE

FOR

GAUGING, GATHERING, AND TUCKING,

INDISPENSABLE TO

Dressmakers, Milliners, Costume, Mantle,
and Underclothing Manufacturers, &c.

WBITE FOR CATALOGUE & SAMPLS CP WORK TO

" AGENTS WANTED."

THE HEbERLING SEWING MACHINE CO., 46, GANNON STREET, LONDON, E.G.

I HE SEWIKG MACHINB GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JtTKB 1. 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

The Favourite Tricycle for 1881 17

Velocipedes, &c 17

The New French Tariff 17

An Improved Knife Cleaner l8

Sewing Machines J8

The Centaur Bicycles and Tricycles 19

The " Eureka " Parlour Rowing Machine 20

The " Meteor " Sociable Tricycle 20

Refrigerators 21

The " Queen " Bicycles and Tricycles zi

New Takeabout Bicycle and Hand Bag 21

Boys' and Girls' Tricycles 21

The World on Wheels 22

American Bicycles 23

Sanitary Hints to Operators on Sewing Machines 24

Patents 25

Awards at Melbourne Exhibition 26

Wheels for Bicycles 27

Apparatus for Cleansing and Polishing Boots 27

Leaders 28 — 29

Bells for Bicycles 29

Gazette • 30

Stormy Creditors' Meeting 30

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co. > 14

Devey, Joseph & Co 3'

Hosier and Co 27

Harrington & Co

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 3^

Sihith, Thomas & Sons IS

Surrey Machinists Co 34

Timm«& Co 13

Warman, Laxon & Co 31

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 31

Sown, W 40

Devey, Joseph & Co 31

Smith, Thomas & Sons 15

Warwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 15

Warwick, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 35

Howe Machine Co. , Limited 8

Fork Cleaning Machine:

Hutchinson & Co.

Gas Engine Makers .-

Andrew, J. E. H 33

Crossley Brothers 16

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 9

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 16

Daville & Co 33

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 13

Evans, Walter & Co ,

Raworth, John T

Sewing Machine Attachment JIakers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 31

Bown, W 39

Da\ille, R. S. & Co 33

Manasse, Max 34

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Gritzner & Co 7

Holroyd, J 9

Howe Machine Company, Limited 8

Junker & Ruh 38

Mothersill, R g

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 8

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company 4, 5

Thurlow, Charles 34

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 16

Watson & Co 34

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 3

AVhite Sewing Machine Company ^ . . . 6

Wright, G. E 34

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company 31

Daville & Co 33

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company 31

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co t^

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Finlaysbn, Bousfield &Co 11

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices •

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Daville & Co 33

Garrie and Co -, i

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley 3J

Twelvetrees, Harper 33 & 37

Theobald, E. 37

Wolstencroft & Co 31

Whitley & Co 33

Taylor & Wilson 10

Taylor.F.D 37

SCALE OP CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page ^£4 0 0 per insertion

Half „ 2 2 0

OneThirdPage 18 0 „

Quarter „ 1 2 0 „

One Sixth „ 0 15 0

One Eighth „ 0 12 0 „

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Restaurants, and Private Houses. It it
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Fork Gleaning Machine, For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tui,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, <feo. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, J-lb., 6d.; 1-lb., 1/; 2-lb., 1'9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in. MGSSrS. HUTCHISON & OO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C,

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOB,

SEWING-
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from *85 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for wliicli the " GRAND PEIZE " was awarded, are the

" ' No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work „
Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work „

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, &c „

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 «fe 2 Prices, £6 lOs., £7 10s.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, complete, £5 5s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London. Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Kegent Street, W.

„ 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.
Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardifif, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Koad.
HuU, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester, 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 67, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jtjne 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold in the year i88o, being

at the rate of over i,8oo for every working day.

THE GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popidaritfy and value, and is attributable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch,

AND FOE THEIK

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

from

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

fJrom

£4 Os.

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be -without one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Sewing. So simple, a

child can work them.

HANUFACTXJBEBS should see tb«
Manufacturing: SlacMnesI

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION!

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

323 Branch Offices in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, tJ., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

li*?, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, SoTitliwark Park Eoad, S.E.

S78. Clapham Eoad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Comuieroial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eoad,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North End, Croydon, S.E.

JcKB 1, 1881. THE SEWiNG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. S

THE SINBER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE. CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

H7, Oheapside, E.O. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S."W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENaiAND.

A.ccrington, 9, Peel-street
ildershot, Victoria-road
fclfreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Iiyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylesbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church -street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-Etreet
Barrow-in-Furness- J I, IV^eith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade^ Shortmead-street
Bingley, Mam-street.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, 9outh-rd.
Bishop Btortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport -street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' lastit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Keot), 18, High-street
Burnley, llO, St. James'-street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Giuld-street
Bury-St .-Edmunds, 78 3t . John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldg*.
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, ClifFord-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 89, Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry," 12, Fleet-street (oj

Bablake Church)
Crewe, 87, Nantwich-road
barlington, 10, Prebend-row ' >
itartford, 18, High-strMt

Deal, 124, Beach-strset
Denbigh, 36. Park-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man)i 5, Strand-
street I
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, "Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street |
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
Kccles, 31, Church-street |

Exeter, 19, Queen street I

Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street .
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freemacx-itre^t
Guernsey, 17, Smith-strefrir
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 63, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, Westpioreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heekmondwxke,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station- street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Hertford, Forden House, Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High Wycombe, 123, Osford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, Wildman-street
Kiddepminster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38. Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester. 44, Granby-street
Lewes, 164, Hifjh-street
Liverpool. 21, Bold-street
Longton (Stafis.), 12, Market-ter
Loughboroueh, 44, Market-place
Lowestoft, 123, High-street
Luton, 32, Park-street
Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street
Maiditonf , 8, Kiug-st-' ■^

Maldon, High-street i

f 105, Market-street';
Manchester j 132, Cheetbam-hiU|
( 438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshirc-st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-'
street '

Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport (I of Wight).91,PylG-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Asbton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Baiky-street
Otley, 31, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-street (op-
posite Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61. London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street

Ripley, Market-place

Lipon, 1, BlosBomgate

Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street

Romford, Market-place

Rotherham, 109, Main-streflt

Rugby, Lawford-road

Runcorn, High-street

Ryde (Isleof Wightl, 78, ITnion-st.

Saffron Walden, Church-street
I Salisbury, 56, Fisherwin-street
' Salford, 4, Cross-vaae. and 100,
1 Rcgcnt-road
I Scarborongh, 30, HunirisiJ-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19,Kirkc;ate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingborne, 64, High-street
Southaiupton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'.-Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19. W^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station ttreet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth. 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fieet-';treet
Truro, 13, Vietoria-place
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, Hiph-stieet
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st,
Watford,lQueen*s-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5. New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over -lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles- street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberysiwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen-strewt
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, Moa-kat-hall
Pontypool, Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, GO, High-street
Banff, 17. Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Ncthergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High -street
Forfar, 28, Cnstle-street •'
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackhall-rt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
InvexTioss, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, lligh-'^trcet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, Lamingtou-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-street
Athlone, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Chxu-ch-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogbeda, 97, St. George's-street
Dublin, 69, Graf ton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 15, High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galwav, Domnick-street
Kilrus/". Mooiif-street
Kingstown, 65* Lower Cr&Drga-«(
Limerick, 31, Patrick -street
Londonderry, 1. Carlisle-road
Mullinpar, Greville-street
Navan, Trinigate-streei' *

Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffiils
Queenstown, Harbour-roTi
Sligo, 45, Knox-street
Tralce. 40, Bridge-street
Waterford, 124, Quay
Wexford, Selskar-ctrvet,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAillETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. JtJNB 1, 1881.

THE WHITE SEWING MAGH

MPANir.

MANUFACTORY

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE :

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST.. LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Uachines for I -rTV I E'^ery machine
all work. IJN Warranted for

IS various mTTr'T-p^ys^.rs. Legal
styles. |lilrjllt| guarantee.

AHRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST HADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine— or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

JtWB 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

GSITZN

Factory of Sewang Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets

At DURLACH,

ermany.

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Withdrawn,

TO SE^WIIsTO n^^OHZiaSTE JDE^LEiOB.

g^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

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LOCKED

Chair and

Sewing Ma-

chine within'

mimioH

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above thoB«
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, cither plain style or inlaid in mother of-

pcarl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by special

artists. All machines with loose wheel

and self-acting winder.

GABim

^ WIW

Furnished

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Sxhibitions.

Novel 1
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBITION

1879.

Bl^SION

mE.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

The sewing machhste gazette and jouenal op domestic appliances.

June 1, 1881.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

» This Machine has obtained the highest re-
p.itation and an enormous sale, both under
iti true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
b'low). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not Uable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF AliL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT "Household"
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is exceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every kind of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest iraprove-
menti — loose wheel, and CRegistered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers-

.A.a-E3SrTS -vrt-jA-i^ted.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL.

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863.

THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLT rOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKERS,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Plowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj Worn FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited,

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled excellence.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of Idlt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt \vith equal facility, it cannot faU to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELEGTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goocfe.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

NETT CASH, by the Half Doz.

RETAIL. WHOLESALE,

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly called
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE" [$]

The ditto Hand ditto

£4 14

£2 0

3 10

1 7

2 2

0 17

610

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

33Y3 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely without lubricants.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. June 1, 1881.

Sjdnej Exhibition,

PRIZE

MEDAL

AWA RDS

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price. £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Frizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, thorouglily seasoned, and are all fitted with oui
well-known patents and appliances, which cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & AA^ILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington,

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.|

Fiiilayson,Boasfielil&Go.'s

MACHINE THREADS

80LE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

HIACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE.

'-Q^QN; N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and ^^
Co., did not exhibit at the Paris
Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

1851;

1865.

FLAX MILLS,

JOHNSTONE/- GLASGOW.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jttnb 1. 1881.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

LIFE— By JAMES PLATT. Author of 'Business,'
' Money,' and * Morality.'

LIFE — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp. Price One
Shilling. Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-hall Court,
London, E.G.; Messrs. W. H. Smith <fc Son's Railway Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing
& Co.'s Bookstalls ; and at every Booksellers.

LIFE— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C,
■ will send a copy, post fi'ee, for Xs*

T IFE— Contents :—

T IFE — Introduction. Is Life Worth Living ?

T IFE— Life of the Future, Culture, Health.

T IFE — Eecreation, Common Sense, Thrift.

T IFE — Compulsory Thiift, Marriage, Happiness,

T IFE — Eeligion, Future Life, Human Destiny.

T IFE — Concluding Remarks.

LIFE — Page 24 : — " Make Life a grander thing. Prove
to men what a glorious thing it is to exist, how enjoyable life might be, how
sweet life is, even as it is — aye, we never know how sweet until we fear we are about
to lose it. What a mockery * Faith in God ' is whec we reQect upon the melancholy
views the majority of orthodox people have of it, going through the journey as an
ordeal to be borne as patiently and submissively as possible, altogether misconceiving
the noble sentiment, ' Not my will, but thine be done." "

LIFE — Page 34 : — " Life is real, life should be earnest.
To be enjoyed, we must have an aim, an object in life ; and to be happy, to
enjoy life, the object must be one worthy the highest, purest, best part of our nature —
men's character so strong and true that they can be relied up.; men that wear their
lives out, not rust them out ; men who live to act, to produce what they consume. "

LIFE— Page 45 :— " The more we think of life, the
greater must be our reverence for the ' Great Unknown.' Life will be very
different once wo get the people to realise as an indisputable truth that there is never
anything wrong but what has been done by ourselves or others ; and ,that the wrong
remains so long only as we refuse to put it riglit.* "

LIFE — Page 102 : — '* Common sense denies that any
happy chance will do for a man what he la quite unable to do for himself.
Our happiness consists in the use of our faculties, and a faith that our wages will be
in proportion to our deserts. V; Success and failure are not dealt out like prizes and
blanks In a lottery, by chance and indiscriminately; but there is a reason for every
•uccess and failure. Indolence, chicanery, waste will cause the one ; while industry,
honesty and thrift will ensure the other.* "

LIFE— Page 173:— •* The more you think of life, the
more you know of the Creator's way of governing the universe, the more
you know of your own constitution and the happiness within your reach, the less will
you believe that God meant man to bo bom weeping, to live complaining, and to die
disappointed.' '' ^

LIFE— PAGE 192 :— "We have life. What shall we do
with it ? The world is like a vast manufactory, in which we hear incessantly
the clash and whirring of a complex machinery. Shall we try and get the bottom of
this? Yes, undoubtedly, earnestly, and fearlessly. Believe me you will thus get to
learn that the law maker is behind his laws, and that, paradoxical as it may seem,
while He hides himself behind them. He also reveals himself through them. Tliere
Is no better way of understanding the Creator ; the laws are emanations of the all-
beauteo'is mind ; they shadow forth the divinity that contrived them ; we find the
more we study them, greater evidence that there is a Living God, ^ Father caring for
and lovUig His children.''

MGEAIjITY — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One ShUling.

MOEALITY— Messrs. Simpkin. Marshall & Co., Sta-
tioners'-hall Court, London, E.G.; Messrs. W, H. Smith & Son's Railway
stalls.

MOEALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy post free for One Shilling.

MOEALITY.— Page 202 :— " Make us feel we are under
the rule of * One above who sees all,* and whose laws are never infringed with
Impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will so to do, to leara the wiahes,
and be happy by reverently obeying Him."

|l/r OEALITY— Business— Money— Life.

MORALITY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, vUlsend copy of any one of feae works post free for Is.

MONEY— 208 pages crown 8vo, cloth limp, prifti- On*
Shilling.

MONEY — Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Stationers'-
haU Court, London, B.C. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son's Railway Book-
stalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Booltstalls ; and at every Bookseller's.

MONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy, post free, for Is.

A/T ONEY— Contents :— Preface, Money.

TV/T ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

TV/T ONEY— Currency : Gold Money, Silver Money,

ly/r ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange. ,

■jV/r ONEY — Bank Shares, Banking, Exchange, Literest.

TV/T ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics,

A/T ONEY — Lidividual Success, National Prosperity.

A/T ONEY— Concluding Eemarka.

MONEY.— Page 28: — "It is only by understanding
our monetary system that we can realise the power of 'credit.' Our com-
mercial system Is hascd upon f&ith ; cheques, bills, notes are mere bits of paper, and
only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to tho
extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted tlirough the Clearing-house.
Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,' baied upon
'credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction with banking, this institutloa
settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enormous amonut, without tho
aid of a single metallic coin — merely, by bookkeeping or transfer of cheques, tho
debiting or crediting of A or B."

BUSINESS — 208 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price
One Shilling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., Sta-
tloners'-hall Court, London, E.G. ; Messrs. W. H. Smith & Sou's Railway
Bookstalls ; Messrs. Willing & Co.'s Bookstalls : and at every Bookseller's.

BUSINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's Lane, London,
W.C, will send a copy, post ft-e, for Is.

■nUBINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

BUSINESS — Business Qualities, Eealth, Education,
Observation.

BUSINESS — Industry, PerseTerance, Arrangement,
Punctuality.

"DUSINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.
"DUSINESS— Truthfuhiess, Integrity.
"DUSINESS— Money, and what to do with it.
"DUSINESS— Bank Shares, Depression of Trade.

BUSINESS— Free Trade and Reciprocity, Civil Service
stores.

"D U SINES S — Co-operative Trading, Concluding Eemarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : — " Commerce is guided by laws
as inflexible as those of health or gravitation ; and tho primary cause o)f
failure in business may be traced as unerringly as the punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature."

BUSINESS.— Page 179— " From every pulpit and in
every school throughout the kingdom the justification of double dealing and
trickery upon the plea that it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, oi- In any
vocation, should be denounced in the most unmlstakeable language as a libel on
Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real cause — the niatt'i
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or profession he follows,"

JrNB 1, 1881

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERV SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

,11

C. and Co, beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLI?"^D 1759.

No. S FEBFEOTIOir. Jackson's Pat«nt.
12 Ulles an Hour Obtainable.

E«peoially suited to Ladles. Price £16.
Easy, Safe and Graceful^

TIM MS & CO.,

EAST STREET WORKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUFACTURERS OF

TRICYCLES AND
BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

AND

PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

niuitrattd Lists on application,

Favourite Botary Action.

Compact and Neat.
Price £14 14s.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jdne i, 1881.

Edinburgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exhibition, Dec, 1880

^A^here the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season "were Exhibited.

THE ONLY

SILVER MEDALS

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

\Vere awarded to the " CENTAUR " COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTRUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION.

Full Descriptive Catalogues of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, with Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TRADE. ■ RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.

J. & H. BERMINGHAIVI, LEEK,

urcT ./rArrrr.TJ^^ ORIGINAL MAKERS 'oF '

^ESTMACHINE SILK AND BOOTMAKERS' HAND-MADE SEWING SILKS,

^.^:=-r^ HAVE INVENTED AND ARE NOW MAKING A -=-^

.si^^k: be-a-id Ti^i3vr:iS/i:i2srO/

FOR THE BOOT TOPS AND FANCY LEATHER WORK.

Samples can be had direct on application to

J. & H. BERMINGHAM,

COMPTON MILLS; LEEK, STAFFORDSHIRE.

Joke 1, 1881. THE SEWlNa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

OMASS

SONS,

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PART SUPPLIED IN VAEIOTJS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Com.plete Finished Article.

Xone hut the very test Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROK, BEST BEST GUM, Sfc., S^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,
61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :~Saltley Mill, Birmingham. ,

IIEALEES ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOE WHOLESALE TERMS

Ifis

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJRNAX OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. June 1, 1881.

WANZER "y4"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It combines all the hiown advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Guineas complete.

LOOZ-BTITCH, HAND OR FOOT

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, wherevex Exhibited.

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZEE. "-Entirely reconstructed and improved,
s'oolir £4 4 ' ^"^ ^'"^°' ^^"''^^' Taie-up Lever and

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.-The most powerful yet Ughtrunnine
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4g. is ""g

WANZER " C " Light Foot Family Maclline, entirely New, with every
improvement up to 1879. £6 Os. ^'"jr

WANZER "P '' Family Machine, wiA Reversible Feed and Stitcb
Lever. £7 IQs.

WANZER " E " Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of aU kinds
£8 8Si

WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING
MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. Th*

only Machine Kiltmg and Baslmg at one operation.

The Wanzer Sewing Machine Company^

L I Id I T E D ,

Chief Office— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

, AVEBAGE MONTHLT DBLIVBRY (Including- Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT REPLACING STEAM ENGINES FROM 1 to 40 HORSE POWER IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

©reat Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,

MANCHESTER.

CR08SLEY.BR0THERS,

LONDON HOUSE: ,

116, Queen Victoria Street, E.O, '
LONDON. '*

JUNB 1, 188],

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE "FAVORITE" TRICYCLE FOR 1881.

This Tricycle is manufactured by Messrs. Timms & Co., of
Coventry. In it the rider sits between the equal sized wheels,
the third or steering wheel being behind. The front wheels
are fitted with their new adjustable bearings, adjusted in a
siirilar manner to the steering wheel, which reduces the friction
to a minimum, and does away with all side shake which is a
great annoyance when the wheels are on parallel axles. The
bearings of the driving crank are parallel, and arranged to
work in a slide for the adjustment of the driving chain. The
material and build of the machine is the same as in 1880,
except the bearings ; each machine is fitted with adjustable
cushioned seat, rubber pedals, oil-can, spanner, and lamp
brackets; all small parts being highly polished, other parts
neatly painted in two colors. The price (retail) up to 40-in. is
£14 14s. Another favorite tricycle manufactured by the firm
is the " Coventry Perfection," which differs entirely in con-
struction from any other tricycle, being so arranged that all
wheels run on their respective axles which is very beneficial to
the rider, as no action of the legs is required in descending
declines, both pedals remaining stationary and forming the
foot-rests, the machine is propelled at the will of the riders by
means of small levers working in a circle of ratchet teeth,
which are enclosed in the hubbs of both driving wheels, the
front wheel is fitted in a fork which works in a socket similar
to that of a bicycle, and runs on hardened steel cones which
are adjustable, the guiding handle is on the right hand side of
the machine and works the steering rod l>y means of a rack
and pinion, the brake is very powerful and applied by a handle
on the left hand side, by the downward pressure of the brake
handle a strong sted band is drawn tightly round the flange
of the hubb, thus enabhng the rider to pull up the machine on
a decline in a few yards. The seat is mounted on two light
and elastic steel springs anii can be adjusted »vi detached, the
pi-dals are of India mbber and connected to the driving cranks
of machine by two tubular rods with screws ■vorking up their
centres, for the purpose of lengihening or shortening the throw
to suit different lengths of leg — when this is required to be
done take out the bolt that holds the end of the treadle levers
to connecting rod and lower the screws equally, and then place
back the bult, this will throw the pedals nearer the seat to suit
a shorter person, the body of the machine is constructed of
steel tubes, light, strong and rigid, the wheels are made with
lock-nutted spokes, but the direct spoke wheels can be fitted
it' preferred, the connection from front wheel to back of frame
is of weldless steel tube, carried low and fitted with neat step
for convenience in mounting. These machines are well adapted
either for ladies or gentlemen, the levers working direct from
the centre beneath seat, the dress is not soiled or raised when
ridden by a lady as in other tricycles, and there is no danger
of the dress being caught and torn as is the case with tricycles
driven by a chain ; the seat may be brought forward so as to
place the rider more erect and give better command over the
machine.

YELOCIPEDES, &c.

Mr. Henry John Lawson, of Coventry, engineer, has received
provisional protection only for " Improvements in velocipedes,
and in the application of motive power thereto, such improve-
ments being also applicable to tram cars, traction engines, anrt
other road locomotives." The inventor thus describes his
inveution : —

My invention consists of certain improvements in velocipedes
which are partly or completely propelled by motors, and
macliinery connected therewith, having for their principal
object the ciinstruction and arrangement of these machines in
such a manner that the carriage of an engine, or motor for self
propul.-iop, with its nece.'-siry accompanying niachiuery, may
be rendered practicable with less inconvenience to the rider
(from the extra weight, bulk, and strain, when the engine is
not working, and has to be propelled solely by his efforts), by
the application and use of compressed gas for fuel and motive
purposes. My invention further consists of the appHoation,
construction, and arrangement of a gas engine, combined with
certain alterations in the various details of the velocipede por-
tion, whereby loss of power, friction, and weight, are reduced,

while strength is at the same time added to such portions of
the machine as the framing wheels, &c., for sustaining the in-
creased strain. The engine is bolted down to a jjlatform, which
is suspended to the frame by iron stays. It is vertically
arranged, and the crank has two toothed wheels fitted suitably
upon it for changing the speed, the teeth ruaning into those
of corresponding wheels upon cranked shaft carrying the large
wheel of tricycle. At the will of the rider these toothed wheels
may be slid into or out of position, so that the machine may
be propelled either with or independently of the engine power.
In the rear of the machine a reservoir of welded iron is situated,
supported upon iron stays bolted to the frame of tricycle for
containing compressed gas at a high pressure, but one opening
answers both for the egress and entrance of the gas, which has
first a valve or bos of buUetts through which the gas passes to
the furnaces or cylinder, and then is connected to an air pump
which serves both to exhaust and compress the gas. This is
performed by the engine itself, the heating being done by gas
from an ordinary main should there be no pressure in the
reservoir. In the case of the tngine being worked by gases,
or a mixture of gas and atmosphere, the same arrangement
applies for the starting of the compression suitable burners
being constructed. The jet which carries the light to cylinder
is suspended elastically to absorb the jar. In the act of com-
pression the piston of pump is connected with the driving
shaft by a connecting rod and toothed wheel, which may be
thrown out of gear at pleasure. The tank is fitted both with
pressure and vacuum gauges, and the pump has a series of
taps for connecting either the exhaust or force valve with inlet.
In other details the usual methods of working with a mixture
of air and gas are followed, but by the application to veloci-
pedes of this system of using the combustion of compressed
gas for fuel and motive purposes a great advantage is gained
over the use of coal and other fuel and its inconvenient car-
riage. The piston is forced up by the iijnition and explosion
of the gas, and thus propels the machine by acting upou the
driving axle in the way and manner described, or by an action
similar to the well-known silent feed clutch, ratchets, &c., as
now used in velocipedes.

THE NEW FRENCH TARIFF.

A return has just been published showing, in a compara-
tive tabular form, the alterations proposed under the new
general French Tariff. The return is preceded by the following
official desci'iption of the effects of the proposed alterations : —

The changes made in the new French general tariff, as com-
pared with the present conventional tariff, are, broadly speak-
ing, of two kinds, namely — 1. Increase of about 24 per cent,
in the duties now levied specifically on many important articles
or British produce and manufacture; and 2. Conveision into
specific duties of the ad valorem rates hitherto cliarg. d, also
with an increase in many articles of 24 per cent. Wiih regard
to the increased duty, it will be noticed that 24 per cent, equals
the amount of the two additional tenths {declines de guerre)
which have been levied under the general tariff, plus the 4 per
cent, additional imj^osed in 1873 ; and it was stated in the
Government '" Expose des Motifs," in the introduction of the
new Tariff Bill in 1878, that this increase was chiefly intended
to give a margin for reduction in negotiating treaties. Besides
these two distinct changes, there have been a few decreases of
specific duties, which are, however, more than balanced by in-
creases larger than the prescribed 24 per cent., and several new
duties have been imp'.sed. The conversion of the ad valorem
rates has ntcessarily led to many more separate classes of goods
br-ing enumerated, and even with these elaborations the inci-
dence of the new duties must he very unequal on the cheapest
and dearest articles which come into the same category for
duty. As regards particular articles which are imported into
Prance from the United Kingdom in any quantity, an increase
in the duty on bed feathers and down may be noticed, and a
duty on lobsters. Sponges unprepared are to pay less, and
prepared more than formerly. Rice has been freed from duty.
On stone and slate we find new or increased rates on most des-
criptions. In metals, on the other hand, there are several de-
ductions under steel rails and plates, brown hot-rolled, but the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

June 1, 1881.

duties on iron and steel — 2f. per 100 kilos, on pig-iron, and 6f.
on iron and steel rails — still represents a very heavy ad valorem
tax on these articles. The duties on minor chemicals have been
mostly converted from ad valorem to specific rates, apparently
raising them in several instances ; and in the various sodas,
the rates, which were before specific, have been increased by
about 24 per cent. As regards some colours, specific duties
have been substituted for ad valorem, and there are a few new
duties. Scented soap is now taxed double the former rate, and
the duties on other perfumery are also increased. Starch pays
four times as much as the old duty.

Turning to beverages, the duty on all spirits has been doubled
and that on beer has been increased as compensation for hops
being more heavily taxed.

As regards earthenware and china, the ad valorem duties
have been converted into specific rates, with a greater number
of subdivisions, and the same thing has been dose in glass and
glasswares, where the increase is apparent in the few cases in
which the foruier duties are specific.

Coining next to yams and textiles, a new classification in
linen yams x-enders comparison difficult, but the additional
duty is lesss than 24 per cent, in the lowest numbers, and as
much as 50 to 100 per cent, in the highest numbers. Jute
yams show nearly the exact 24 per cent, increase, and cotton
yams also, except those dyed with Turkey red, the extra tax
on which has been much raised. The change in the classifica-
tion of cotton thread has further increased the duties in some
cases considerably. In woollen yarn a distinction has been
made between combed and carded yarns, which make the
changes work unequally. Thus, in combed yarns the increase
in almost all cases is about 24 per cent. , but carded yams show
a few decreases, and, on the other hand, the increases, in many
cases, amount to nearly 90 per cent. Similarly the duties on
flax and hemp tissues exhibit irregular alterations, the increased
duty on linens, unbleached, being from 24 per cent, to 50 p?r
cent. Table linens, &c., are now taxed specifically instead of
ad valorem, and it is the same with linen, lace, hosiery, &c.,
and with mixed jute tissues. A further change has been intro-
duced as to linen tissues by counting the weft as well as the
warp in classification, and dividing the total by two. The
duties on cotton tissues have been doubled as regards the
lighter fabrics, and a new classification is introduced. Cotton-
velvets and cords show large increases, while specific duties
have replaced the ad valorem rates of 15 per cent, in printed
cottons, &c. The same change is made in pure and mixed
woollen tissues, the ten per cent, ad valorem duty being con-
verted in all cases. Lastly, in regard to tissues, those of silk
and waste silk show the prescribed increase of 24 per cent.

Fancy paper is now taxed treble the former amount. In
skins and leather the usual conversions have been made, except
in the few articles already subject to specific duties, where the
24 per cent, increase has been eff'ected. In gold and silver
wares the 5 per cent, duties have been converted. In iron
wares and machinery the rates are almost identical, except two
reductions in steel springs and pieces of steel, and increases in
sewing needles. Breech-loading fowling-pieces are separated
from muzzle-loaders, and pay 50 per cent, more, and rough
gun- barrels are charged 200 per cent, more than under the
treaty tariff. The duties of 10 per cent, ad valorem on furni-
ture have been converted into specific, and the same change
has been effected with basket wares, musical instruments, and
carriages, and these alterations have necessitated a larger
number of subdivisions being introduced to cover the specific
rates. Large increases have been made in the duties on straw
plaits and on straw hats, the change in the latter being from
lOf. to 250f. per 100 kilos. Conversion of the ad ■yaZorei?!. duties
of 10 per cent, have been made in felt hats, corks, fans, combs,
bi'ushes, umbrellas, &c.

AF IMPROVED KNIFE CLEANEE.

Mr. John Hunt, of Bolton, Lancashire, has obtained letters
patent for an improved knife cleaner. This machine consists
in a frame or casting with open sides, and with two or more
vertical gi-ooves in each end ; in each of these grooves are
placed two strips of india rubljer or other yielding material,

which strips extend across the frame, and are held in position
by a plate or cap which is secured by screws and winged nuts,
and presses the bottom strips against the base plate or bottom
of the frame ; between these pair, of strips a cavity is left,
which is filled with emery or other polishing powder, and a
hopper or opening is formed in the plate or cap which holds
the strip of india rubber in position, through which emery is
supplied to the cavity or cavities. Spiral springs are placed
under the winged nuts to give an adjustable pressure to the
strips of india rubber. The edges of these strips arebevilled to
allow the knife to enter readily. The knife is pushed in
between the strips of india rubber and through the cavity or
cavities containing the emery, and is thoroughly cleaned by
pushing it backwards or forwai'ds a few times. Use a clamp
or screws to fix the knife cleaner in its place.

SEWING MACHINES.

Provisional protection only has been obtained by Mr.
Edward Ward, of Wells-street, Oxford-street, London, for
" Improvements in sewing machines."

This invention has for its object improvements in sewing
machines, and consists : —

Firstly, in so arranging the machine that when not in use
the handle and platform, or work plate, may be caused to lie
within the area of the base plate, instead of projecting beyond
as has generally been the case hitherto, thereby enabling the
machine to pack closer and greatly facilitating transport. For
this purpose he divides the work-plate or platform into two or
more sections, one of such sections being a fixture, as at pre-
sent, and he hinges the moveable portion or portions to the
fixed part, so that the moveable portion or portions may be
turned down when desired, and he mounts beneath the fixed
portion one or more turn buttons or swivelled brackets, which
act in conjunction with an incline or inclines on the moveable
portion or portions, and may be turned into position when
required to support the moveable portion or portions and thus
complete the work-plate or platform, or other means may be
employed to support the moveable portions of the work-plate
or platform in petition. He hinges the handle to the hand
wheel and forms the butt of the handle with two flats thereon
to act in combination with a spring, so that the handle will
either stand at right angles to the hand wheel ready for work,
or will lie down thereon for transport, no portion thereof
requiring to be detached from the machine. The invention
relates, secondly, to means for facilitating the threading of the
machine. For this purpose he mounts on the arm of the
machine, at the back of or near to the tension discs, two horns
which are twisted into the form of thread carriers with open
loops or eyes ; and he forms the top of the needle bar and the
other thread carrier or carriers with a diagonal saw cut leading
to the eye thereof, and he also forms the loop or staple through
which the thread passes to and from the spring take-up and
the eye of the take-up itself open at one point. He limits the
extent of motion of the take-up by means of a guide in which
it travels, such guide and the loop or staple being formed in
one piece and held in position by a screw. By these means
the thread, instead of being threaded through the carriers in
the manner of threading a needle, may be readily slipped into
place at any portion of its length. The invention relates,
thirdly, to means for facilitating the threading of the shuttle,
and for regulating the tension of the shuttle thread. For this
purpose he hinges the shuttle bar to the shuttle at one end,
and extends the other end nearly around the interior of the
shuttle, so that the bar and its extension form a frame, which
may be turned outward on the hinge when it is desired to
remove the bobbin or to thread the shuttle, but which at other
times lies within the shuttle, and acts to retain the bobbin in
place. The upper extension of the frame has tension holes
formed therein, and the upper part of the shuttle is also formed
with a tension hole, and such tension holes have slits or saw
cuts leading thereto, those in the frame leading in froin the
opposite side to that in the shuttle, by which means the thread
may be readily slipped into position without the trouble of
threading in the ordinary manner, and cannot possibly work
out therefrom.

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtJBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE CENTAUR BICYCLES AND
TRICYCLES.

Since giving a notice of some of the manufactures of tte
manufactures of the Centaur Bicycle and Tricycle Co., Coventry,
we note that in December last, at the Edinhurgh Bicycle and
Tricycle Exhibition, they were awarded the only silver medals
for best roadster bicycles and tricycles, the test being excellence
of workmanship, ingenious construction, and ease of propulsion.
The chief improvements that they have inti'oduced for this
season are the adjustable dust-proof ball pedals, the improved
handle bracket and bearing attachment to the double fluted
hollow fork, the adjustable step, the adjustable and detachable
toe rests, the adjustable and detachable foot rests, the adjust-
able hind wheel ball bearing, the improved adjustable dust-
proof taper beaiing for hind wheel, the improved steering
apparatus, the improved grasp front wheel break, and numerous
other minor improvements.

THE CENTATJB "CONVERTIBLE" TEICYCLE

Is constructed so that it wUl divide in the centre to pass
through an ordinary doorway, and in 3-J minutes can be con-
verted into a single machine if requii-ed. For this purpose, an
extra wheel and connections are supplied. The above illustra-
tion (engraved from a photo) represents the machine in its
double form ; the one below, as it appears when converted into
a single machine.

TECE "convertible" (fOR ONE BIDEr).

In a former number we have given a detailed description of
this machine ; since then makers have given a more efficient

brake power, and simplified the method of disoonnectiou and
conversion.

THE SPECI.Uy "CENTAUR" TEICYCLE

Is consti-ucted with automatic gear to transmit equal power to
both driving wheels. In the arrangement of frame, di-iving-
shaft, seat, bearings, and driving motion, it is similar to the
" Convertible." The only difference is, that where the latter in
its single form has three imequal wheels, the " Special Centaur "
has two equal and one small wheel. A special feature in the
construction of this machine is the position of the diiving shaft.
This, instead of being placed forward, is carried dii-ectly imder
the back of the frame. This arrangement stiffens the frame at
a point at which the lateral strain is the greatest, allows the
bearings to be secured more firmly to the solid coiuiection at
the comers — and what is more important, the seat can be evenly
balanced (centrally) between the two driving wheels, without
any danger of the machine tilting backwards, thus dispensing
with the elaborate provisions many makers have to adopt to
guard against accidents of this kind, and which in this machine
are not required. This machine is suitable for a lady or gen-
tleman. The price to the pubKc is £18 10s.

THE

' CENTAUR ADJUSTABLE DUST-PROOF BALL BEARINGS,
APPLIED TO BOTH BICYCLES AND TRICYCLES.

Each contains ten steel balls, hardened, and perfectly round.
These run in two parallel grooves, recessed partly in the axle
and partly in the box of the bearing. By a simple airange-
ment the balls are kejit in separate positions, and at eqii.'tl
distances, whereby the longitudinal friction, as in i-oller bear-
ings, is avoided.

As a proof that both the friction and resistance are leduced

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

June 1, 1881.

to a minimum by tte application of these bearings, a wheel
after being used for a short time, ■will spin from seven to ten
minutes, and will then oscillate for two or three minutes after-
wards. In appearance they are neat and compact, and as the
friction is so small, the wear in twelve months is scarcely per-
ceptible. When the balls begin to work too freely in the
grooves, the boxes containing the balls can be adjusted by
tildng off the bottom cap and slightly reducing the connectmg
flange. The thickness of a sheet of note paper filed off will
compensate for six months' wear.

The Company's Double-fluted HoUow-fork (D.F.H.F.) Bi-
cycle, to which the silver medal was awarded at Edinburgh, is
a grand machine. It is fitted with adjustable ball bearings to
driving wheel, improved taper, dustproof and adjustable bear-
ings to hind wheel ; black or grey horn handles ; gunmetal
hubbs, with 4J flanges ; best patent moulded (red) tyres ;
patent weldless steel tube backbone and forks ; the special
crescent section steel felloes ; and " Centaur " patent detachable
cranks, the weight (50-inoh roadster) being but 401bs. The
special feature of the machine being the forks, which are not
brazed to a solid head, but extend from the handle to the bear-
ings, thus forming not only the most rigid, but the most
symmetrical hollow-fork at present in use. These machines
are made either as roadsters or racers, and can be supphed to
the public from £11.

The Centaur Co. also make "The Centaur Compressible,"
a tricycle that may be compressed in a few seconds from 40in.
to 30in., to allow it to pass through an ordinary doorway.
School tricycles from £6 10s., child's bicycles from £3 12s. 6d.
The Centaur Co., Coventry, are also sole manufacturers of
Harrison's Patent Rowing Apparatus and Family Gymnasium,
which may afford harmonious and simidtaneous exercise to the
whole body. It is rowing in the room with the advantages of
rowing on the water, the tension bands affording a capital
illustration of the "resistance of water." The sliding seat and
every detail of rowing are observed, and all the benefits of the
exercise realised. A slight change converts the machine into a
health lift, and to fifteen other different exercises, thus forming
a complete gymnasium. Price of apparatus, in case complete,
£2 2s.

THE "EUREKA" PARLOUR ROWING MACHINE.

This novelty attracted much attention at a recent exhibition
at the Agricultural Hull, London ; a young gentleman attired
as a waterman was giving practical illustrations of " how to
row on land," the machine of which we give an illustration.

THE "eureka" KOWING MACHINE

Is very remarkable — a whole gymnasium in itself, for in
dumb-bell exercise, club swinging, weight lifting, running or
walking, all of which have their beneficial effects, there yet
remains the fact that they are only useful in developing one
set of muscles, or but a portion of the systeai. In rowing,
however, the legs, loms, trunk, arms, hands, the digestive
organs and the lungs, are made to perform their regular and
legitimate functions simultaneously, and the danger of
building up one part of the system at the expense of another
thereby avoided, and to the recognition of these facts is ascribed
the popularity of aquatic sports here and abroad. But it is
not always convenient for large numbers of our people to in-
dulge in this healthful pastime ; the e.Kpense of owning and
keeping a boat, the difficulty of reaching an acceptable place
for rowing, no less than the dangers incident to inexperienced
oarsmen upon the water, are drawbacks which ^can be only

met by the substitution of a machine giving all the advantages
without the disagreeable accessories ; to this end several
machines have been introduced, but the "Eureka" Parlour
Rowing Machine gives an esact and perfect imitation of
rowing, and can also be used in many waj's, as a health-lift, a
chest expander, weight-lift, or single or double scull exercise
machine. It retails complete at £3, and may be had wholesale
of Messrs. E. I. Horsman and Co., 4, Ham sell-street, London,
E.G.

THE "METEOit" SOCIABLE TRICYCLE.

From Messrs. Starky and Sutton, Coventry, we have received
a pamphlet of some eight or ten pages, containing some
hundreds of interesting testimonials in favour of their "Meteor"
bicycles. These machines, which are constructed to meet the
demand for a light yet strong carriage that can be easily
driven and steered, and suitable either for lady or gentleman.
It weighs only 6olbs., a boy of eight years can drive it with
ease, while it will as easily carry a man weighing 25 stone.
The machine can be turned in a radius of five feet. The great
sensitivensss experienced in most tricycles, in the displacement
of obstacles, or in descending hills, is entirely removed by the
application of a new hind wheel brake, which, by a thin con-
necting rod, is applied in a similar way to the grip brake of
the bicycle, leaving the handle (usually so very sensitive) per-
fectly rigid, giving the rider immense propelling power and a

feeling of safety very indispensable to timid riders. It is
fitted with Messrs. Starkey and Sutton's patent universal bear-
ing, a comfortably cushioned adjustable seat, lamp holder, best
rubber tyres, lock-nutted wheels, and is propelled by the rotary
or bicycle action, with multiplied gear, lay means of which,
although only 40 in. front wheels are used in the ordinary
size, the same speed is obtained as from 50 in. ditto. Made
any width, from 2 feet 6 inches to 3 feet 6 inches (ordinary
width from stock 3 feet 3 inches), or by unscrewing a nut one
of the side wheels can instantly be removed, reducing the
wiih from 3 feet 2 inches to 2 feet 6 inches. The retail price
is £16.

The " Meteor " Sociable," of which we give an illustration,
is built on the same lines, and, like the " Meteor " tricycle, open
in front, is as readily mounted and dismounted, and is fitted
with new registered adjustable seats. The retail price is £21.
It is well named, the " Sociable," and any two friends may
have a happy time, jogging along on a fine day on a road not
dusty. The "Meteor" Sociable is bound to become a great
favourite.

Stamped Halfpenny Newspaper Wrappers.— Stamped
halfpenny newspaper wrappers of a better quality than thoLe
hitherto in use, which will be discontinued when the present
stocks are sold off, will be issued for sale to the public on
June I. They may be purchased singly or in any number,
according to the undermenrioned scale of prices, viz, : — One
for f d., two for IJd., three for Ifd., four for 2id., five for 3d.,
six for 3Jd., and so on. The public can also obtain these
wrappers uncut in quarter reams, containing 120 sheets of 14
wrappers on each sheet, by making special application for
them at the post-office at which they wish to obtain them. The
price for the quarter-ream is £3 I8s.

Jdnb 1, i881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

REPEIGERATOES.

In large establishments, for butchers, poulterers, pork-
butchers, hotels, cafes, cheesemongers,^ public-houses, co-
operative stores, provision dealers, &c., a good refrigerator is
an absolute necessity, especiallj' during the warm months of
summer. Among the exhibits at the late domestic appliance
exhibition we noticed the

VEMTILATED DRT AIR SHAFT REI-RIGERATOE

Manufactured by Madame Jolley, 2, Eue T'Kint, Brussels, and
26a, Hosier-lane, London, E.G. We give an illustration of
one of these " Meat Safes." They are made in American pitch
pine and varnished ready for use. As the price does not ex-
ceed that of common ice-boxes, dealers will find a ready sale
for them. The retail price of No. 1 size, 2ft. 4in. by 1ft. lOin.
by 4-ft. high, being but £7. They can be used with ice, water,
or any kind of freezing mixtures. The refrigerators may be
had in any size from the No. 1 named above to one Oft. 6in.
high by 6ft. wide and 3ft. 4in. deep at £30.

THE "QUEEN" BICYCLES AND TEICYCLES.

The Queen Bicycle and Tricycle Company, of Coventry, have
introduced well-made, but low-priced machines to the Coventry
market with considerable success. A speciality of this company
is their Bicycle and Tricycle Cabinets, that for the bicycle con-
tains over one hundred and thirty separate pieces. The back-

■'DUCHESS " PATENT.

bone, neck and back fork are already drawn, bent, tapered,
and welded together. The head is turned and fitted up with
centre screw, lock, nut, &c. The forks are welded to it, and
the bearing also, the hubs are turned and drilled, and bored
for the spokes, bearmgs, &c. The bearings are finished, turned,
bored and screwed together, The rims are rolled into shape,

brazed, and di-illed for the si^okes. The entii-e cost of the lot,
includmg cabuiet, is £4 4s. A good discount even on these
low prices are allowed to agents, who may either sell them as

they are to the amateur mechanic, or make them up into
bicycles himself, and thus really be the " maker."

The "Duchesse" Tricycle Cabinet is priced at £5 .5s., and
may be readily put together, forming a machuie of whicb we
give an engraving.

NEW TAKEABOUT BICYCLE AND HAND BAG.

Mr. "W. J. Spurrier, of 119, Newhall-sti-eet, Birmingham,
patentee and manufactnier, finding the Takeabout introduced
by him last season so very successfid, has introduced a novelty
in bags which fits on to the backbone of the bicycle on an

■^f*

entirely original plan, but well below the saddle, so as not to
interfere with the mounting. As our readers are perhaps
aware, the great merits of these Takeabouts are that the size
can be adjusted to the parcel to be carried, that they are per-
fectly waterproof, light and cool. The retail price is
from 3s. 6d.

BOYS' AND GIELS' TEICYCLES.

The illustration herewith represents one of the Juvenile
Tricycles manufactured by Messrs. Warman, Laxon and Aslatt,

of Coventry, and as the jirii'e is very low, considering tlie
guarantee given by the makers—" that it is built of the best

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

June 1, 1881.

materials, and warranted to stand any amount of rough usage "
■ — are most important items when boys are the riders, we
are of opinion that the trade could not have better machines
to handle, the testimonials that this firm have received
respecting them being most satisfactory. In this tricycle the
seat is arranged to rise and fall to accommodate the length of
the leg, and the seat springs are easy and affective. The retail
prices are from oSs. for 22-inch wheels, and 65s. for 26-inch
wheals.

THE WORLD ON WHEELS.

We have arrived by slow stages at the exact moment in the
year when the woild is on wheels. One day it may be too
cold, too cheerless, or too threatening to stir away from home
an J shelter; the next it may be too sultry and fatiguing to
face the glare and the dust. The time for loitering in the
backwaters of the Thames, for attaching the lazy hammock to
the ancestral trees, for watching cricket matches under some
comfortable shade of greenery, for taking a tui-n at lawn
tennis, and enjoying an interval of conversation, for idling on
warm Sunday afternoons in secluded gardens, the days of
claret cup and ice and borage, for pic-nics and pleasuringa
innumerable, will come surely enough, if all be well. But just
at this instant moment of the year it seems natural, nay
imperative, to take our pleasures upon wheels. The great
Derby festival of next week requires a rehearsal. The country
is in flower, the fields a mingled glory of green and gold, the
may scenting the country lanes, the chestnuts in blossom, the
distant landscape with no haze of heat, standing out sharp
and defined in the bright sunlight, the dust driven away by
the recent rains, the breeze just persuasive enough to be
pleasant but too kindly to be cold ; and so it happened that
the great meet of bycyclists at Hampton Court gave expression
to a universal feeling and an excuse for a drive into the country.
At this time of the year it seems imperative that everyone who
has a horse should use it, and, having it not, should stretch a
point and hire one. To miss such a spring is positively
churlish. So the coaching clubs and the members of the four-
in-hand look out their best teams ; they must practice for the
Hyde Park meet, just as the humble owner of the trap must
get ready for Epsom, and such a Saturday and Sunday as we
have just enjoyed is devoted irresistibly to getting away from
London and making the most of the sudden spell of fine
weather. The great city is happily situated for such exhi-
larating excursions. On all sides there are temptations for
straying far afield. Riverside clubs and distant hotels enclosed
in gardens, subui'ban houses and dinners near the fresh air, are
sought out at this time, and, in finding them by road, we can
peep at the pleasures of secluded life surrounded by trees and
floweriug orchards, miniature arbours, and quiet lawns. For
the rest, so long as the law is permitted to remain what it is
and the doors of the country inns are not sulkily closed
in oiu- faces, there are little tea gardens and bowling-
greens, roadside pulic-houses, and picturesque rendezvous that
appear to be abominable in the eyes of the total abstainer, but
cannot make men much the worse for their convenience,
seeing that they take him and his wife and his children away
from the dust and dirt of the crowded city to the myriad
humanising influences of nature as seen now in her purity and
at her best.

The bycicle is after all the horse of the poor man, and by
this invention the country has been brought nearer and nearer
to the dwellers in town. There was a special fitness on such
a day to open the season, and the sun certainly smiled on the
active young fellows, who are accustomed to put a girdle round
the districts most favoui'ed by freshness and scenic charm.
Naturally, this great army of athleticism turned its face in the
direction of Surrey. Away they went by this road and that in
detachments and squadrons, isolated and in pairs, as soon as
work was over on Saturday, to the meeting point m the neigh-
bourhood of Bushey Park. The streets seemed to be alive with
bycicles, and everywhere was heard a jingling and jangling
of bells. Away went the swift and silent army from counting-
house and shop, desk and dep6t, one column by the King's-
road, Chelsea, the other swiftly heading towards Eulham and

Putney direct by Brompton. The clouds had all cleared away,
and the breeze freshened as the afternoon advanced. The
bycicles outraced everything. Whenever there is anything to
see — and that is seldom enough — there are plenty of people to
witness it. Faces smUed over the suburban garden walls, the
streets were lined with spectators, everyone seemed to be out
and about when it was rumoured that this great force of two
thousand bicycles was to career round the statue of Diana that
stands in the circular lake at the head of the chesnut avenua
in Bushey Park, within a stone's throw of the old red palace
at Hampton Coui-t. Special omnibuses ran down from London
to the Park at cheap fares ; huge cJiars-a-hancs — such as the
wUd excursionists use in modern Paris — were put on the road ;
carriages, flys, and traps of every possible description met the
holiday-makers at the railway stations and drove off in the
direction of Putney HUl, and the driving clubs did not fail
to be represented by some splendid teams. When, for instance,
was any f(jrm of sport neglected by Lord Londesborough —
from a cricket match to a boat-race, a polo game to a bycicle
gathering — and, as may be supposed, his lordship's drag,
driven by himself, was one of the very first to pass into Bushey
Park by tbe Greyhound Gates, and to take up a station in the
long string of carriages in the pretty chesnut avenue. The
bicyclists, however, gave every one the slip. Away they went,
clearing Putney town, with its old houses festooned with
clustering flowers and rising out of hedges of double may, away
over Wimbledon Common, where the golden gorse was in
bloom, into the hollow where the nightmgales sing when the
evening comes, heading along the white hard road to the hUl
top with its distant Surrey view, on by roadside inns and
baiting places to Kingston Vale, and so through Norbiton to
Kingston town. But there was no time to lose. The river on
such a day was comparatively deserted, every one was on the
road, and at Hampton Wick the stream of vehicles divided,
half to the Palace end and half to the Teddington corner of
Bushey Park. The world has surely never seen such a con-
gregation of bicycles. All were in their Sunday best and wore
the smartest of uniforms. On working days there may be
dusty jackets and travel-stained boots, collai'less necks and
more workmanlike clothes, but not to-day. It is a wheel past
to show tbat athletes can be neat and fastidious if they choose ;
and in truth the fastidiousness expressed in white kid gloves
and bouquets of gardenia and stephanotis might have astonish'ed
the athletes of another age had not the day's experiment been
prolific in many an example of orderly discipline and distinct
courage. Every combination of colour that fashion, taste, and
ingenuity could invent was expressed in the badge worn on
tbe arm of each captain of the 141 home and provincial clubs
that obeyed the summons of the marshals of this extraordinary
scene. There were stripes diagonal and horizontal, every
shape and cut of shooting or patrol jacket, every kind of cap,
from the semi-military helmet to the yachting cloth-picked
cap ; there were caps with gold braid and silver braid, devices
of every sort of metal on breast or forehead, gloves of dogskin,
buckskin, or kid, with gauntlets and without ; there were
bicycles with brakes and pedometers, with every dodge and
apphance that existing science can suggest; but all with the
regulation lamp swinging to and fro, and with the everlasting
jingle of the bells.

It had been arranged to mass upon Hampton Green, and,
on the start being given, to proceed on to and through Hampton
to Lee Hampton, turn to the right to Teddington, thence
straight up the chesnut avenue to Bushey Park, taking tbe
left of the Diana Fountain, through the Park gates, and then
straight by the Boyal paddocks, to dismiss at Hampton Wick.
This programme was adhered to pretty accurately, and certainly
the best and most picturesque pliiuoe to see the procession was
in the immediate vicinity of the round lake, that reminds the
spectator so much of Versailles, with the advantage of seeing
all on the side of our English park. It would have beei;
impossible to select a more enchanting evening. The low
light gave colour to the scene, the water was as clear as a
mirror, on which the wbjte-flowered trees were reflected ; all
was fresh and bright and green and pleasant, and the police,
aided by the stewards, had no difficulty in subduing the traffic
or organising the patient and uncomplaining crowd. A pro-
cession that moves, comparatively speaking, at a spail's pace.

JtTNE 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

consisting of one hundred and forty-one clubs, upwards of
sixteen hundred club bicyclists, four hundred unattached
machinists, be they bicycle or tricycle, and that takes an hour
in passing, is not altogether exhilarating, though it may be
strange. It passed in silence like a ghostly army, the gentle
pressure of the indiarubber tires being scarcely audible, and
the tinkling bells very faint. What struck the spectator most
was the singularly anxious and eager expression that each face
bore as the bicyclist wheeled silently along. It was a curious
study for a physiognomist, and really a remarkable fact how
utterly the sense of pleasure or enjoyment seemed to have been
momentarily postponed. We have heard oi that narrow limit
between safety and danger which consists of ' ' hanging on by
the eyelids," and here the endeavour to do so was photographed
on each individual face. A desire to keep a strict mechanical
order, to obey the rules of dressing and discipline, to show well
in pubhc, and maintain a certain military precision in obedience
to the captain's command, may no doubt have been the cause
of considerable anxiety and enforced emulation, but certainly
no regiment of infantry or cavalry that marched past a saluting
post with the eyes of Queen, generals, or the nation itself upon
them, no swimmer that ever atteccpted to reach a distant shore
bore such a strained and concentrated expression as was
depicted on all these two theusand sad faces, excepting of
course the defiantly laughing tricyolists who were secure from
danger and laughed trepidation to scorn.

Doubtless there was considerable cause for anxiety. To
make a slip on such an occasion not only meant immediate
grief to the unlucky bicyclist but impending sorrow to scores
of others. To get a tumble is inconvenient, though not neces-
sarily dangerous, but to know if you tumble you will probably
have a hundred bicycles piled upon your prostrate body is not
a pleasant reflection. The one might mean contusion, but the
other something far more serious. The afternoon did not pass
over without several of these untoward accidents. From some
cause or other, a stone, a rut, a ridge, or a false turn, a bicycle
came down with its rider, and in less than a second the on-
coming detachment fell like a pack of cards. One tumble
brought on half-a-dozen more, but, thanks to the care of the
stewards in separating the squads and in quickly picking up
the fallen, no bad accidents occurred so far as we could see.
Now and then the victim would looked stuimed and dazed, but
the sense of emulation conquered, he mounted again, and sped
away to jo;n his lost companions. Another cause for this
intense anxiety of expression, particularly noticeable under
the chesnut trees, was the unwelcome attention of myriads of
midges, who seemed to take a delight in stinging and annoying
the bicyclist, whose hands were hopelessly occupied and could
not be detached. A man who is so intent on his work as these
were may necessarily look grave ; but if, in addition to his
desire to avoid a fall, he is stung in the face and neck by insects
which he cannot assault, the expression becomes positively
comical. But these were the only drawbacks to a delightful
afternoon. BicycHng never became so important a fact as
when two thousand votaries from all parts of the country swept
by the astonished spectators who had assembled under the old
trees of Bushey Park. Isolated it is a pleasant social amuse-
ment; congregated it presents an enormous army that has
shown itself amenable to order, authority, and excellent
organization. — Daily Telegraph.

AMERICAN BICYCLES.

In a recent number of The Bazaar Mr. H. Hewitt Grifiin
contributes the following, a continuation of his series of in-
teresting notes upon Bicycles of the Year.

" The Standard Columbia (The Pope Manufactm-ing Com-
pany, Offices and Show Rooms, 597, Washington-street,
Boston, Massachusetts; Factory, IIartford,|Connecticut, United
States America ; London Agents, S. Withers and Co., 73,
Gheapside, E.C.). — A short time since we spoke of a threatened
invasion of this country by the American bicycle manufactures.
The event has come to pass, and English makers are bearded
in their own den by American built machines being offered for
sale in London. A word as to the past history of the bicycle
in the States. With true Yankee 'cuteness, the principle of

the first machines was patented by P. W. Mackenzie in 1862,
and the most probable origin was in the ' Cantering Propeller,'
a child's rocking horse, in which the swaying of the wooden
steeds acted on cranks, attached to wheels, and so propelled
the machine. At the first signs of the modern bicycle (bone-
shakers of a veiy crude form) being introduced, Mr. Mackenzie
(in 186-i) confirmed his patent, and claimed the sole right to
use the crank action ; a few years later, in 1868-9, he was
opposed by Messrs. Willy and Smith; other claimants also
entered the field, and there was, for some time, an all-round
(legal) fight. The Messrs. Pope, a little later, hit upon the
happy expedient of buying up the various claims, and thus
consolidating the opposing forces, whose joint ideas wers
merged into the Pope Manufacturing Company, which, there-
fore, possesses a monopoly of the vast American market.
Several have disputed the right to so rich a field of trade, but
in every case the Pope Manufacturing Company have won the
day, and, not only have they the sole right to make, but tbey
also can stop anyone from selling or importing machines.
Amongst others, an injunction was obtained against Dave
Stanton, our ex-champion, who, when ' starring' in America,
tried to introduce several English machines.

For the benefit of readers interested in patents, we give a
list of those held by the Company : —

No.

Date.

JMajie.

41.310

19th Jan., 1864

T. Mackenzie

•>

43.651

26th July, 1864

G. A. & A. B. Woodward

46.705

7th March, 1865

H. A. Reynolds

54,207

24th AprU, 1866

H. A. Reynolds

59,915

20th Nov., 1866

Pierre Lallement

69.403

1st Oct., 1867

J. G. BuzzeU

80.425

28th July, 1868

H. A. Reynolds

86,831

9th Feb., 1869

Hanlon Brothers

8.297

18th Jan., 1870

Hanlou Brothers

3.319

2nd March, 1869

S. W. Smith

87.900

16th March, 1869

Calvin Witty

98.920

18th Jan., 1870

J. G. BuzzeU

*I3

7.818

31st July, 1877

Montpelier Manufacturing

Co.
Richardsan and M'Kse

#14

7.972

27th Nov., 1877

*lo

8.252

28th May, 1878

H. A. Reynolds

Those marked * are re-issues. The above list embraces aU
patents relating to the application of the foot crank to the
front wheel of a velocipede. We alluded to several of these in
one of our earlier articles (in The Bazaar of 21st April, 1875),
when we were reviewing the history of the bicycle.

On hearmg that a machine had arrived, we lost no time in
mspecting it at Messrs. Withers'. If the Americans were
before us in the early days, they must have subsided into a
Rip Van Winkle sleep for the past few years, for the Special
Columbia seems an exact reproduction of the Excelsior (Bayliss
and Thomas) of three to four years ago, and is evidently built
on the lines of one that reached the States about that time.

Taking the wheels, first, we find V iron rims, rather coarse
rubber, and fifty-two spokes, looknutted into large iron hubs,
6-in. wide by 4i deep, which are but very slightly recessed.
For bearings, single row ball bearings, unadjustable, are usedj
they are knuckle- jointed to the solid forks ; the wheel seems
to run very freely. The cranks are a good shape, and detach-
able ; the pedals (ordinary rubber) have a slight novelty, as,
in place of the usual nut at the end, a small brass cap unscrews,
when another screw inside has to be undone before the pedal
can be removed from the pin. Considering that most of our
makers at home are only just finding out, after our repeatedly
drawing attention to it, the great importance of the width of
" tread," it is net sm-prising that oiir American cousins are, as
yet, ignorant of it. In the 'S.C'we found it to be no less
thau loh-ia. to 16-in. from centre to centre of pedals, fully 3-in.
more than there is any need for ; the axle alone is 11-in. The
forks are taken right up to the handle, and the lower bridge,
which forms the support for the bottom centre of the open
head, is, together with the upper cross piece and boss, which
carry the handles slightly in front, made in one solid forging,
and therefore immensely strong. This allows of long (over 5-in-)
centres and increased steadmess. The handle bar is 6-in. high
by 22-in. long, and a good front break is fitted, the hand lever

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jtine 1, 1881.

of which might be a little longer. The nut over the centres is
kept well down ; it holds a neat nickel plate, on which is
'engraved a list of the Company's patents. The backbone, or
"perch," as it is termed by the makers, is tubtilar, and joins
the well spreading rear (solid) forks. Cones are put to the
back wheel, but they are adjusted in. a handy manner by means
of a milled edge, which can be turned by the fingers. An
ordinary spring is bolted to the neck in front of the centres,
thus throwing the rider's weight near the middle of the spring ;
the taU slides into a simple clip. A good-sized step completes
the machine.

The Pope Manufacturing Company have made a plucky
move by catering for English custom, but, save in the case of
an eccentric rider, who for the sake of novelty would get an
S.C, we are sure they need not look to this country for an
extension of business ; if they had produced the present machine
in 1877 it would have merited praise, but it is quite out of date
in 1881. We should strongly advise the Pope Manufacturing
Company to import a Humber, Matchless, Eudge, Rucker,
Invincible, and one or two more of our standard makes, and
after duly studying their details of construction, they may be
able to realise what a bicycle ought to be. Thereisnoreasonwhy
American riders should be a generation, in cyclistic time, behind
their English fellow wheel-men. In fairness we must state
that the Standard Columbia is a fine strong machine and well
made in all parts ; a 52-in. weighs -IS-lbs., and costs 102 dols.
5()c., or, in English, £20 10s. ; without ball bearings, 92 dols.
50c., or £18 lOs. It is worth calling at Messrs. Withers' to
inspect it, as being the first modern American bicycle exhibited
for sale in England."

SANITANT HINTS TO OPEEATOES ON SEWING
MACHINES.

The majority of sewing machine operators are not rich in
money ; their health and skill are their capital. While their
employment is confining and fatiguing, and therefore to a
certain extent unhealthy, it is often made still more unwhole-
some by careless habits. Many who are very scrupulous in
keeping the written commandments, thougbtlesBly neglect and
break the laws of their own bodies, thus sowing the seeds of
diseases that they are too apt to ascribe to the continued sewing
of seams. A few suggestions by way of caution will greatly
aid needle workers in sustaining the fatigue of their occupation
without sustaining therefrom any loss of health.

When sitting at the sewing machine the body should be held
as nearly as possible in an erect position, so as to give the chest
organs full play. Most operators stoop forward more than is
necessaiy, in view of the fact that the work can be done just as
well and with less fatigue in an erect than in a stooping posture.
The parts of the body are better balanced upon the spine, and
the muscles are more evenly brought into play. Besides, the
upright position is much more graceful, a fact that we shoidd
think no lady operator would care to lose sight of.

The eyes are the most delicate of all the organs, and should
therefore be the most carefully guarded. Weak eyes may be
stramed by too long attention to fine work. They should
never be used in a dim light, especially at twilight. After
sunset the darkness steals on us so gradually that, before we
are aware, the eyes have been strained in accommodating them-
selves to the lessening light. Bright objects are especially
trying to the sight. Cross lights should be guarded against.
The light shordd fall upon the work from above the kvel of the
eyes, or from some point where it wUl not shine directly into
the eyes. Beware of using the eyes if they are inflamed or un-
usually weak.

Food is the fuel of the body and should be carefully selected
as regards both quantity and quality. Nourishment and ease
of digestion should be prime considerations in selecting. Fat
and greases should be avoided. Pickles, spices, and condiments
generally, if used in any but very small quantities, and but
seldom at that, are injurious. Meats are stimulating ; they
should be roast or broiled, and taken in small quantities,
except by those who take frequent and active exercise in the

open air, which is not the lot of sewing machine operators.
Farinaceous foods and fruits are wholesome. Mere stimulants,
especially spirits, should be, as a general thing, avoided,
except in cases of unusual depression or sickness, when they
maysometimes be beneficial. Regularity of meals is almost
as important as the quality of their iugredients. Food should
be well masticated and time allowed for proper digestion.

Fresh air, sunlight and moderate exercise, together with
proper food, are the great preservatives of health. No mere
medicines can approach them as restoratives. The oxygen in
the air renovates the blood, and it should be as pure and copious
as nature furnishes and the lungs can use. Close or crowded
rooms are sure to breed disease, sooner or later. Air once
exhaled is not fit for use again until it is purified. The ex-
halations from lungs are as foul as any of the bodily excretions ;
and did people fully realise it our stomachs would revolt at
reinhaling them. Their nauseousness has been fully revealed
by the use of the microscope, which has done so much to
advance anatomical and pathological science.

Exercise of the body is a necessary condition of its health.
Hand needle-workers have especial need of exercise. The
machine worker uses more^muscles, and more vigorously ; but
the strained muscles should be relaxed, and those unused to be
brought into play by suitable exercise. Dancing is not the
proper exercise for one who has used the lower limbs all day
upon the machine. There is nothing unhealthful in the motion
required to operate the machine, but overwork, from constant
daily use, will often bring about the most serious results.

Cleanliness is next to godliness. To say nothing of the
delicacy or decency of the thing, bathing or frequent washing
conduce greatly to health. Exhalation through the pores of
the skin amount to several ounces daily, and should be removed
by thorough cleansing with soap and water. Besides, a bath
is very refreshing and invigorating. Clean clothes and sur-
roundings are equally important.

Sleep is as necessary as food or exercise, and proper attention
to these helps to sound and refreshing sleep. It is impossible
to fix arbitrarily the number of hours for sleep. Some persona
require more, some less. The object of sleep is to recuperate
the exhausted force of brain and muscle. To prepare the
system for refreshing sleep, the mind and stomach should be
free from labor. No meal should be eaten for three or four
hours before retiring, nor the mind taxed to violent action,
especially of a depressing kind.

The bedroom should not be very small, and should be airy,
with good ventilation. The hours for retiring and rising
should be early and regular. It is not well to accustom one's
self to read in bed ; and the use of drugs to induce sleep should
be totally avoided. If there should be sleeplessness the remedy
should be sought in proper food and exercise.

Cheerfulness is a positively virtuous disposition ; it requires
great care in its cultivation and maintenance, and produces
wholesome efi'ect upon its possessor and others. No one has a
moral right to be sour and cross, or to look gloomy or moody.
A cheerful countenance sheds a glow all around. It is like
sunlight. It must, to be genuine, have a basis of right thinking,
feeling and living; it is utterly incompatiable with envy,
anger, hatred, jealousy, or the like. Worry wears more than
work.

Recreation, it should be borne in mind, is an important
duty, inasmuch as it greatly tends to mental and physical
refreshment, and should be carefully provided for. But let it
be borne in mind, always, that dissipation is not recreation.

With these few hints we commend the subject of sanitary
precaution to the earnest consideration of those whose vocation
it is to constantly operate sewing machines. — Sewing Machine
News.

The Wool Exhibition at the Crystal Palace promises to be
numerously attended, and offers every indication of success.
There will be over 200 exhibitors, many of them coming from
various parts of Australia, the Continent, and South America.
Every kind of fabric into the composition of which wool enters
will be represented. The exhibition wUl commence in June,
and remain open until October.

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The following list Tias heen compiled expressly for the "Sewing
Machine Gasette," by G. P. Eedfern, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finshury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 1,502. G. C. Taylor, of Huddersfield, for iuaproved means of
preparing wai'ps for weaving and in the methods or
processes of and apparatus employed in such pre-
paration. Dated April 6, 1881.

„ 1,548. J. W. Ramsden, of Leeds, for improyements in sewing
machines. Dated April 8, 1881.

„ 1,503. J. C. Garrood, of Fakenham, Norfolk, for improve-
ments in velocipedes partly applicable to other
machinery. Dated April 11, 1881.

„ 1,578. J. Leadbeater and A. Leadbeater, both of Morley,
near Leeds, for improvements in the method of and
apparatus for feeding wool and other fibres to
scribbling and carding machinery. Dated April
11, 1881.

„ 1,583. J. H. Johnson — a communication from C. H. Willcox,
of New York, and J. E. A. Gibbs, of Steele's
Tavern, Rockingham, Virginia, both in United
States, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated April 12, 1881.

„ 1,594. R. O. Rowland, of Manchester, for improvements in
bicycles and tricycles, applicable also to other
similar vehicles. Dated April 12, 1881.

„ 1,615. J.G.Wilson — a communication from A.M. Leslie, of
Chicago, Illinois, and the Teller Manufacturing-
Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, both in United
States, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated April 13, 1881.

„ 1,617. F. Heyrich and F. Quenstedt, both of Berlin, Germany,
for improvements in or connected with sewing
machines. Dated April 13, 1881.

, 1,655. A. M. Clark — a communication from A. G. Jennings,
of Brooklyn, New York, United Stiites, for im-
provements in cotton gius. Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,657. W. Thacker, of Nottingham, for improvemer.ts in the
manufacture of fabrics in knitting and other
machinery employed in the manufacture of knitted
or looped fabrics, and in machinery or apparatus
employed therein. Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,661. W. Hillman, of Coventry, for improvements in veloci-
pedes. Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,663. L. Silverman, of Westminster, London, and J. R.
Cumming, of Uford, Essex, for improvements in
sewing machines. Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,664. W. H. Bliss, of Addington-terrace, Forest Hill,
London, for improvements in tricycles, bicycles,
and other velocipedes. Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,689. J. Erskine, of Strabane, Tyrone, Ireland, for an im-
provement in spinning and twisting frames. Dated
April 19, 1881.

„ 1,691. A. Whf.rton, of Snettisham, Norfolk, for an improved
tricycle. Dated April 19, 18S1.
1,772. J. H. and L. Wilson, both of Cornholme, Todmorden,
Lancashire, Bobbin Wanufaeturers, for improve-
ments in and applicable to the bobbins and tubes
used in spinning and doubling machinery. Dated
April 25, 1881.

„ 1,774. T. Townsend, of Coventry, for improvements in the
driving gear of tricycles. Dated April 25, 1881.

„ 1,813. H. S. H. Shaw, of Bristol, Lecturer at University
College, for a combined brake and speed indicator
for bicycles or velocipedes. Dated April 27, 1881.

„ 1,814. W. Morgan-Brown— a communication from J. Reece,
of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for im-
provements in button-hole sewing machines.
Dated April 27, 1881.

No. 1,824. T. Banister and S. Lees, both of Rochdale, Lanca-
shii-e, for improvements in the construction of
tricycles, part of which invention is also applicable
for transmitting motion on other machines. Dated
April 27, 1881.

„ 1,860. J. Harrington, of Norman's-buildings, St. Luke's,
Loodon, for improvements in tricycles and other
velocipedes. Dated April 29, 1881.

„ 1,864. J. E. Hatch, of Camberwell, London, for improve-
ments in velocipedes. Dated April 29, 1881.

„ 1,871. A. G. Meeze, of Redhill, Surrey, and N. Salamon, of
Holboru Viaduct, London, Sewing Machine Factor,
for improvements in the construction and fittings
of velocipedes. Dated Ajinl 30, 1881.

„ 1,875. G. Bernhardt, of Radcliffe, Lancashire, Spinner and
manufacturer, for improvements in machinery or
arrangements for winding and reeling yarns or
threads, partly applicable to bobbins or pirns and
shuttles used therewith. Dated May 2, 1881.

„ 1,81G. A. Cooper, of Clerkenwell, London, Commercial Tra-
veller, for improved apparatus to be used in the
washing of clothes, fabrics, materials, and other
articles, applicable also as a circulator or mixer in
brewing, chemical, and other processes. Dated
May 2, 1881.

„ 1,949. E. A. Brydges — a communication from E. G. Wege, of
Apolda, Germany, for improvements in knitting
machines or stocking frames. Dated May 4, 1881.

Letters
No. 2,220.

„ 4,144.
„ 4,171.

„ 4,257.
„ 4,313.

„ 4,318.

„ 4,330.

4,432.
4,498.

„ 4,525.

„ 4,543.

„ 4,653.

„ 4,658.

„ 4,763. C.

„ 4,948. W

Patent have been issued for the following : —

R. Green, of Birmingham, Machinist and Bicycle
Manufacturer, for improvements for bearings in
bicycles, tricycles, and other velocipedes, and for
wheel carriages. Dated June 1, 1880.
J. Boult — a communication from S. S. Puller, of
Stratford, Ontario, Canada, for improvements in
scutching machines. Dated October 12, 1880.
A. Barlow — a communication from C. Pfeiffir and
H. Offroy, both of Paris, for improvements in
drawing frames for cotton and other analogous
textile materials. Dated October 13, 1880.
C. F. Otto, of Peckham, London, for improve-
ments in velocipedes. Dated October 19, 1880.

J. Warwick, of Manchester, Sewing Machine Manu-
facturer, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated October 22, 1880.

J. F. R. Wood, of Newcastle-street, Farringdon-street,
London, tor improvements in or applicable to
bicycles. Dated October 22, 1880.

W. R. Late — a Cummnnieation from C. H. Chapman,
ef Shirley, Massachusetts, United States, for im-
provements in and relating to spinning machine
spindles and parts connected therewith, and in
means for manufacturing such spindles. Dated
October 23, 1880'.

W. HiDman, of Coventry, for improvements in veloci-
pedes. Dated October 29, 1 880.

E. Steel, Manufacturer, C. H. Binns, Collector, A.
Steinmetz, junior. Stone Cutter, C. A. Spring,
Manufacturer, and W. A. Nichols, Attorney-at-
Law, all of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United
States, for sewing machine and other treadles.
Dated November 3, 1880.

A. Heaven, of Manchester, for improvements in em-
broidering by machinery, and in ornamenting
fabrics. Dated November 4. 18S0.

W. Martin and J. Hind, both of Nottingham, for im-
provements in jacquard needles or cross wires.
Dated November 5, 1880.

T. Pritchard, jun., of Coventry, for improvements in
and relating to velocipedes.

E. Hughes, of Woolwich, Solicitor, for improvements
in tricycle^ or velocipedes with three wheels.
Dated November 12, 18«0.

G. Hawkins, of Leighton-road, Forest G.ate,
London, for improvements in the construction of
tricycles and other velocipedes, and in attachments
and driving gear for the same. Dated November
18, 18S0.

H. Thompson, of Finsbury-square, and F. G.
Henwood, of Budge-row, both in London, for im-
provements in the arrangement and construction

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUBNAL OP D0ME8TIC APPLIANCES.

Jtjnb 1,1881.

of velocipedes and similar vehicles or machines.
Dated November 27, 1880.
No. 5,285. J. Steele, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for improve-
ments in tricycles, parts of which improvements
may also be applied to other velocipedes. Dated
December 16, 1880.

„ 5,511. J. Starley, of Coventry, Mechanician, for improve-
ments in velocipedes. Dated December 16, 1880.
„ 35. W. WooUey, of Birmingham, Saddler, for improve-
ments in bicycles and other velocipedes. Dated
January 4, 1881.

„ 450. A. M. Clark — a communication from A. J. Hurtu, of
Paris, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated February 2, 1881.

„ 512. J. White, of Coventry, and G. Davies, of Manchester,
for improvements in the construction of bicycles,
tricycles, and other similar machines. Dated
February 7, 1881.

„ 677. A. Anderson, and G. Browning, both of Glasgow,
North Britain, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated February 16, 1881.
725. W., W. J., and C. H. Haynes, all of Salford, Lanca-
shire, for improvements in and material for cover-
ing the rollers used in preparing and spinning
cotton. Dated February 19, 1881.

„ 830. H. Kinder, of Leicester, for improvements in tricycles.
Dated February 26, 1881.

.,, 837. F. Caldwell, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for
improvements in machinery and apparatus to be
employed in the manufactiire of knitted fabrics.
Dated February 28, 1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 1,215.

„ 1,234. W

„ 1,274.

„ 1,289.

„ 1,325.

„ 1,397.

,. 1,401.

1,404.

1,409.

1,415.

1,435.

1,475.

1,495.

1,574.

>»

1,599.

W. E. Lake — a communication from J. H. Moule, of
Paris, for improvements in sewing machines, chiefly
designed for use in the manufacture of boots and
shoes. Dated March 27, 1878.

E. Gedge — a communication from F. David, of
St. Etienne, France, for an improved process by
which terry or ribbed velvets may be manufactured
by the aid of a needle-carrying shuttle. Dated
March 29,1878.

W. Bown, of Birmingham, manufacturer, for certain
improvements in springs for gloves and other
purposes, and the means used for securing springs
to gloves or other articles. Dated April 1, 1878.

T. Simis, merchant and manufacturer, of Hamburg,
Germany, for improvements in curtains. Dated
April 1,1878.

J. Nadal, of Southampton-row, London, engineer, for
an improved clasp, or dress-holder. Dated April
4, 1878.

W. E. Lake— a comunication from M. P. Carpenter,
of New York, United States, for improvements in
sewing machines, chiefly designed for straw braid-
work. Dated April 8, 1878.

B. A. Dobson, machine maker, and J. Macqueen, both
of Bolton, Lancashire, for certain improvements in
machines for spinning and doubling. Dated April
8, 1878.

E. J. Watts and J. Memmott, both of Sheffield, for
improvements in the manufacture of scissors.
Dated April 8, 1878.

J. Law, of Birmingham, gunsmith, and T. Law, of
Wolverhampton, gunsmith, for improvements in
velocipedes. Dated April 9, 1878.

F. Bramley, of Mile End, London, for improvements
in knife-cleaning machines. Dated April 9, 1878.

T. Singleton, of Darwen, Lancashire, for improve-
ments in sewing machines. Dated April 10, 1878.

W. E. Lake — a communication from J. A. Davis, of
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for improve-
ments in sewirg machines. Dated April 12, 1878.

W. and T. Pearson, both of Manchester, Spinners and
Manufacturers, for improvements in the manufac-
ture of valences for beds, windows, and other pur-
poses. Dated April 15, 1881.

C. M. Sombart — a communication from E. Loeper, of
Magdeburg, Germany, for improvements in button-
working machines. Dated April 18,1878.

W. Champness, of Manchester, for improvements in
the manufacture of corsets. Dated April 20, 1878.

1,712.

No .1,655. J. M. Palmer, of Cambridge, and C. A. Shaw, of
Salem, both in Massachusetts, United States, for
improvements in loom shuttles. Dated April 24,
1878.
C. Greenwood and A. B. Crossley, both of Halifax, for
improvents in the construction of rollers for wash-
ing and wringing machines. Dated April 29, 1878.
1,385. J. J. Clarke, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for im-
provements in the manufacture of fasteners for
corsets and other similar fasteners. Dated April
22, 1874.

Specifications Published During the Month. •
Postage Id. each extra.

J. Hunt, knife cleaner ...

H. Greenwood, sewing machines

B. A. Dobson, carding engines

N. K. Hushberg, bicycles, &o

T. Pearson and J. Taylor, bobbin and shuttle
tongue for shuttles

B. Berry and S. S. Freeman, spinning, &c.

C. D. Abel, bicycles and tricycles

T. Humber, T. E. Marriott, and F. Cooper,

wheels for bicycles, &c...

W. Clayton, taking up motions for looms

E. Ward, sewing machines

T. Spivey, jacquard machinery for weaving ...

H. L. Wilson and J. Clegg, springs for washing,
wringing, and mangling machines ...

G. Toung, ring frames for spinning and
doubling cotton...

T. Chadwick, T. Sugden, and C. Shaw, sewing
machines...

E. Howson, pianofortes ... ...

W. Webster, sewing machines for stitching
sacks, bags, &c.... ... ...

A. C. Henderson, boxes for cotton balls of
sewing machines

W. Webb, bicycles, tricycles, &o...

E. Wilkinson, carding and preparing wool. Sec.

E. Tatham and J. Taft, machinery for opening,
cleaning, scutching, and breaking up cotton,
&c... ... ... ... ... ,...

W. Jennings and T. Whittaker, spinning ma-
chinery ... ... ...

J. White, bells for bicycles, &c

H. Mills, sewing machines for leather work,
&c

W. Morgan-Brown, machinery for sewing books

C. F. Wood, velocipedes, &c

H. Woodward, combined knife-cleaning and
sharpening machine ..

J. H. Lawson, velocipedes, &c. ...

J. Eloe, spindle bearings of textile machinery...

A. G. SalamoE, mounting the saddles of velo-
cipedes ...

H. J. Haddan, sewing machines ...

No. 3,154
„ 3,360.
„ 3,368.
„ 3,478.
„ 3,507.

„ 3,589
„ 3,598
„ 3,604.

„ 3,634.
„ 3,662.
„ 3,684.
„ 3,688

„ 3,699

„ 3,716

„ 3,724
„ 3,725

„ 3,732

„ 3,744
„ 3,749
„ 3,787

8,798.

3,843.

3,848.

3,890.
3,i-92.
3,910.

3,910.

3,945.
3,968.

4,036.

0 2

0 6
0 2

0 10
0 8
0 8

0 2
0 6

INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 1880-1881 AT
MELBOUENE, AUSTEALIA.

AWARDS TO SEWING MACHINE COMPANIES.

Family Hand

Machine. Machine.

New Davies 1 st. 1st.

Wheeler and Wilson 2nd. 2nd,

Standard, Johnson, Clark and Co. . , 2nd. 2nd.

Jones, British 2nd. 2nd.

Wertheim, Grerman 3rd. 3rd.

Bradbury, British 3rd. 3rd.

Greinard and Co., German Singer. . . . 4th. 4th.

Northmann do. 4th. 4th.

W. Cramer do 5th. 5th.

The Singer and Howe Companies withdrew.

JUNB 1. 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

WHEELS FOR BICYCLES, &c.

Provisional protection only has been received by Messrs.
Thomas Humber, Thomas Eushforth Marriott, and Frederick
Cooper, of Beeston, Nottingham, bicycle manufacturer, for
"improvements in the coDStruction of wheels for bicycles and
other vehicles."

Their invention consists of improvements in the construction
of cellular wheel rims for bicycles and other vehicles, and in
attaching the spokes to such rims. CeUular rims are usually
constructed of one or two plates of thin metal, put together or
formed into a single cell and of various sectional forms. This
mode of construction may be described as the " single cell "
principle. Such rims, although stronger and more rigid than
ordinary rims, as loag as they keep their shape, yet when they
are subjected to sudden strains the shape of the cellulftr rim
may become altered and distorted from its original sectional
form, such alteration or distortion causing weakness ; and,
moreover, one of the plates, or a portion of the plate, may also,
in consequence of such distortion split or break away, or
become sheared from the other poi-tion, the soui-ce of weakness
and want of rigidity being in consequence of and arising from
the possibility of change of shape of the single cell construction.
In addition to the foregoing remarks it may also be mentioned
that by the usual mode of attaching the spokes to the " single
cell "rim the tension of the spoke is exerted in a manner
which tends to cause rupture or breaking apart of the plate or
plates forming the single cell rim. Now the improvements
consist, first, in so constructing and arranging the several
parts that the change of sectional form and shape is prevented,
and thereby the strength and rigidity is greatly increased ;
and, secondly, in attaching the spokes to the rims in such a
manner that such attachment also adds to the strength of the
rim by forcibly drawii:g the plates together, and thus impart-
ing an additional security against bending or rupture of the
rim. They carry out the first part of their invention by form-
ing the cellular rims of three plates of metal, two of such
plates forming what we may term the shell of the rim, and the
third plate being suitably formed in various symmetrical ways,
so as to abut against and suitably support the two outside
plates of the rim. The two outer outer plates are placed
together, and the edges of one of such plate overlaps the other
of such plates, while the third plate is so confined between the
two that it acts as a strut and stay to prevent change of form,
and thereby prevent any alteration of sectional form of such
rim when subjected to the strains which arise in the ordinary
working of bicycles. It will thus be seen that they increase the
number of cells, and by the multiple cell system the rigidity
and strength of the rim is greatly increased. They carry out
the second part of their invention by attaching the spokes to
that part of the shell of the rim which is farthest from the
axle (the spokes passing through holes in the two other plates),
and thereby causing the powerfiil tensional strain of the spokes
to act centripetally upon the rim. By this mode of constrac-
tion the ordinary tensional force of the spokes is utilised in
forcibly holding the several plates of the rim together, and
thereby rendering the separation of the plates forming the
rim an impossibility. The outer ends of the spokes may have
rivet heads formed upon them, and such rivet heads rest in
countersunk holes in the plates farthest from the the axle, so
as to form an even, smooth, and regular groove for the india-
rubber tire of bicycle wheels. In applying their improve-
ments to wheels of other vehicles they either provide for an
india-rubber or other elastic tire or not, as may be required,
and suitably arrange the form according to such requirements
and the weight and character of the vehicles to which their
improved wheels may be applied.

APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING AND POLISHING
BOOTS.

Mr. T. G. S. McCarthy, of Knightsbridge, and Mr. Alfred
Shakespeare, of Nassau-street, London, have obtained a
patent for a new boot blackening apparatus. The inventors
describe their inventions as follows : " The first part of our
invention refers to a machine for cleaning boots and shoes
whilst on the feet of the wearer. A beU shaped brush, having

the brush or polishing surface in the hollow interior part, is
mounted so as to revolve on a pin or axis supported in bearings
at the base or lower part of a frame. Upon the brush axis a
pulley is mounted and receives motion by means of a strap, a
band passing over a driving pulley mounted upon an axis at
the upper part of the frame of the machine. Motion is given
to the driving pulley and brush by a crank handle or treadle.
The foot with the boot or shoe thereon is placed in the bell
shaped brush whilst the machine is in motion, whereby the
same is readily cleaned. Two of such bell shaped brushes may
be mounted if desired upon the same axis, one being used for
removing the dirt and the other for polishing.

The bell shaped brush and its driving pulley can be mounted
on the top or a frame of table, and- set in motion by a treadle
or crank handle, so that boots, shoes, or other articles may be
cleaned and polished by hand. Another part of our improve-
ments relates to the construction and arrangement of a machine
to be placed in the hall or entrance to a building for cleaning
and polishing boots and shoes whilst on the foot of the wearer.
The machine consists of a standard or frame which carries a
driving pulley at the upper part actuated by a treadle or crank
handle. The pulley givesmotion toanotherpulleynearthe base,
a crank pin on the pulley giving a reciprocating motion by means
of a connecting rod to a series of brushes forming an ablong
box, in which the foot is placed and supported whilst the
brushes are in action to clean and polish a boot or shoe upon
the foot of the wearer. The series of brushes may consist of
two straight ones moving to and fro so as to clean and polish
the sides of the boot or shoe, and two curved or semi- circular
ones (each of the latter being mounted on a pin or axis, upon
which they partially rotate) for operating upon the heel or toe
of the boot or shoe. These brushes are connected together, so
that as the crank and connecting rod give motion to one it
imparts motion to the others connected with it; The number,
form, and arrangement of these bmshes may be varied. An-
other very simple form of instrument or apparatus for cleaning
a boot or shoe on the foot of the wearer, for the use of the shoe
black brigade or others, consists of two straight double faced
brushes connected together by a strap or elastic band to be
passed round the heel of the boot or shoe, the other ends of
the brushes having handles by which the user pulls them
backwards and forwards see-saw fashion over the surface of
the boot or shoe. When the dirt is removed the surfaces of
the brush are reversed so as to effect the polishing. The boot
or shoe may be mounted upon a last and fixed to a table or
otherwise whilst the above described brush is applied thereto.
According to another part of our improvements ordinary shoe
or other brushes may be fixed in a f r'ame by a set screw or
otherwise. A to and fro reciprocating motion is given to the
frame by a connecting rod and crank pin upon a pulley actuated
by a strap or band lathe fashion, or it may be actuated by a
crank handle by hand. The boots, shoes, knives, forks, spoons,
or other articles to be cleaned or polished are placed on a table
or fixed in a suitable holder whilst the brush or polishing
surface is operating thereon.

Messrs. Beemiin and Roberts, of 6, King-street, Cheapside,
have been appointed sole agents for the United Kingdom for
the Remington Type-Avriter.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Perambulators with Bicycle Wheels.

Largest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand
Machines.

SMITHFORD STREET, COVENTRY.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

June 1, 1881

SOLE AGENTS IN EUEOPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OF NEW TORE.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, aever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family use.

It z's a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a life-
time, and NE¥BR gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN TFOROUGHNESS OP WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clark and Co.),

Finsbnry Circus, LONDON, EC.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANTJFACTUEEE OP

Dgrwyal Letters Palenl. SICYGLl] MATSRIALS

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKEE OP WOOLLEY'S PATENT DUPLEX SPEINa
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OF ALL KINDS.

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

^t Iming M^tljm §mik

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

WE certainly hope that such facts as were revealed at a
creditors meeting held at the Guildhall Tavern on
the 30th ult. are of unusual occurrence in the
sewing machine trade. The meeting in question was con-
vened to receive a statement of the affairs of Mr. Harry
Thomas trading as Smith and Co. at 30, Edgware-road, who
has recently filed a petition for liquidation. A report of the
proceedings ■ivill be found in another column. It will be seen
that some very strong language was used, and to all appearance
the transactions of Thomas with one of his creditors — namely,
Mr. Grimwade — were of such a character as to call for a good
deal of explanation. According to the debtor's statement,
which, by the way, Mr. Grimwade did not in any way con-
tradict, he had been in the habit of borrowing money from,
and signing accommodation bills for, Grimwade, and had in
several instances paid him more than one hundred per cent,
per annum for advances. Thomas says that for a loan of £45
for three months he had more than once paid Grimwade £15
by way of interest, a statement which was received with sur-
prise and something very like indignation by those who heard
it. They properly thought that Thomas had been vei-y foolish,
but they also thought and said that Grimwade's conduct had
been exceedingly reprehensible. For a struggling debtor who is
trying his best to put off the evil day, and who like a drowning
man catches at any straw that will keep his head above water
a little longer one may feel something like pity, but for a
wholesale house to attempt to bolster up an insolvent customer
and suck his blood to the tune of one hundred and thirty
cent.. per annum there can be no excuse, and when a gentle-
man in the body of the meeting characterised these transac-
tions as a fraud upon the body of creditors, .we venture to
think he was not very far wrong. Circumstances may perhaps

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

arise now and then which may justify a needy man in borrow-
ing money on an emergency at twenty, or even twenty-five,
per cent., but the calling of the wholesale vendor and the
loan office keeper ought even then not to be followed by the
same individual. But when, as in this case, the debtor kept
np his payments to one creditor by borrowing money of him at
a ruinous interest, we say plainly he did so to the wrong and
detriment of everybody else who was giving him credit, and
Mr. Grim wade must have known, when he was taking
Thomas's cheque of £15 for the renewal of a £45 bill for three
months, that such extortionate interest could only be forth-
coming by a squandering of the assets, which belonged, not
to Mr. G-ritnwade, but to the whole body of Thomas's creditors.
It was clearly Mr. Grimwade's duty to have made Thomas
bankrupt long ago, and not to have taken other people's
money from him in iisury at more than cent, per cent. "We
have never heard of such transactions in our whole experience
before, and we earnestly hope we never may again.

Mb. Geoege Sawyer, the genial manager of the White
Sewing Machine Company, was the recipient of a very pleasant
testimonial of esteem from the employes of the company at
the London office. It will be remembered that the company
has only been in its English premises but seven or eight
months, but during that time the feeling of personal friend-
ship for the head of the house has become quite general even
among all the new employes which have been added to the
staff to facilitate the rapidly growing business. On a recent
date the fitst anniversay of the manager's natal day spent in
England, he was presented by Mi-. Beed, on behalf of aU his
associates in business, with a vei-y elaborately finished and
jewelled pencil-case, and who in a neat speech conveyed the
idea that there was a hope that it might be freely used to
figure out the large business which aU hoped must accrue to
the company from the energetic work of its manager.

Boot Blacking Machines, or as tke language of the Patent
Office hath it, " Apparatus for cleaning and polishing boots
and other coverings of the feet," are fast increasing in number.
The first machine invented was Southall's, which came before
the public about four years ago. Since then there have been
no less than twelve patents taken out for " apparatus " with
which to clean the understandings of her Majesty's subjects.
Messrs. Kent and Co. and Messrs. Bradford and Co. each sell
a different boot blacking machine, another is sold by the Boot
and Shoe Cleaning Company, of Halkin-street-west. In our
last issue we described three, and in this issue are particulars
of more such articles. Some of these machines, like the London
Shoe Black Brigade, clean your boots while on your feet,
others prefer to have them off, and some even need a supply
of lasts to enable them to perform the operation. How many
more machines are we to have for "' japanning our trotter
cases ?" Is not a baker's dozen sufficient, or are some of them
Tjetter in theory than practise ?

OUR ILLUSTEATED SUPPLEMENT.

Messrs. Fenby and Eraser, of Neville Iron Works, Leeds,
have just introduced to the shoe manufacturing trade some
sole and heel cutting machinery. We illustrate as this month's
Supplement DenneU's Patent Sole and Heel Press. The
action of this press is very simple, and it is very economical,
there being no waste in cutting. The machine is very rapid

in its action, will use any ordinary slip through sole knife,
and will do the work of four ordinary presses. The press, as
shown in our illustration, is adapted for steam-power, but
manufacturers not having such power can have a treadle
appliance fitted at a small cost. Several large firms have
already purchased these machines for their factories, including
Messrs. Stead, Simpson, and Nephews, and Messrs. Snow and
Bennett, of Leicester; Messrs. Dereham Bros., Bristol;
Messrs. Hewlett and White, Norwich ; and Messrs. Scales and
Salter, Leeds.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

The following are the directions for using Richard's Plastic
Metal : — Melt the ingots in an iron pot, or ladle, over a slow
fire, then run ths metal into thin strips like tinmen's solder.
The bearing, or other article, having been thoroughly cleansed
from oil and grease, should be heated hot enough (about 450
deg. Fahrenheit) to melt the Plastic Metal, then having first
sprinkled a little gi'Oimd sal-ammoniac upon the part to be
re-faced, take a strip of the Plastic Metal and rub it on until a
thin coating is formed, the metal may then be pasted on, layer
upon layer, with a plumber's soldering iron, until the required
thickness is obtained ; or, it may be run on out of a ladle,
having first made a core of dry sand, or iron plate, to the
required radius of the bearing. When "pasting up" upon
Plastic Metal first apply a little spirits of salts to the surface
of the old Plastic Metal. Brass bushes, axle box bearings,
&c., maybe dispensed with, by casting aU such articles entirely
of Plastic Metal, in properly chilled moulds, which will then
require no boring or turning. Glands of all sizes can be tinned
and filled up perfectly soimd.

BELLS FOE BICYCLES, &c.

Provisional protection only has been obtained by Joseph
White, of Coventry, watch manufacturer, for "An Improve-
ment or Improvements in or relating to Bells for Bicycles and
other purposes." The object of this invention, which relates
to improvements in or relating to warning bells for bicycles
and other velocipedes, the same being also applicable for other
similar uses, is to provide an automatic bell of a simple con-
struction, which can be caused to ring or cease ringing at the
pleasure of the rider. The improved bell is constructed with
a toothed wheel mounted upon a pillar or post rising from a
base or plate, and actuated by a pinion on a shaft passing
through the plate, below which it is fitted with a roller having
a convex or straight bevil contact edge at the bottom. The
complete bell is fixed on any ordinary front wheel break, so
that the contact edge of the said roller can be brought against
the revolving wheel of the velocipede, causing a rotation of
the said toothed wheel, by means of which the tongue or
hammer is actuated and the bell sounded. The roller is carried
by a tube, a slot in which engages with a pin projecting from
the shaft and imparts rotation thereto, and the tube is encircled
by a helical spring, and by means of this arrangement the roller
is allowed sufficient play and is enabled to adjust itself to the
actuating wheel of the velocipede, or other machine, so as to
avoid doing damage to the bell by the springing of the wheel
or any other part of the machine. The principal feature of
the invention is the working of the beU at pleasure from the
actuating wheel of bicycles, or other velocipedes, or other
machines.

A SottOLK man, aged seventy-nine, has given up smoking.
He heard last week that it was injurious to health.

In the North of England tricycles are becoming extremely
popular, and in Hull a club has been formed. The Mayor has
been invited to occupy the position of president. Captain
Scoping is the vice-president.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JUNH 1, 1881.

Liquidations by Akrangement.

Dii, Joseph, High Wycombe, ironmonger. April 28.

Gray, Eobert Owen, Berwick-upon-Tweed, ii-onmonger. April 27.

Kirk, John,. Bradshaw-gate and Clarence-street, Bolton, iron-
monger. April 28.

Mullins, James, Covered Market, Leeds, ironmonger. April 28.

Taylor, Edward, Ponthill-road, Finsbury Park, Loudon, SaHord,
Lancashire, and Shaw-heath, Stockport, Cheshire, laundry and
dairy engineer and machine maker (separate creditors).
April 26.

Thomas, William Edward, Edward Taylor, and James Fielding,
trading as Thomas and Taylor, Fonthill-road, Finsbury Park,
London, Chapel-street, Salford, Lancashire and Cheshire, late
Market-street, Manchester, laundry and dairy engineers and
machine makers. April 23.

Thomas, William Edward, Fonthill-road, Finsbury Park, London,
Salford, Lancashire, and Hall-street, Stockport, laundry and
dairy engineer and machine maker (separate creditors).
April 26.

Smith, Henry Moreton, St. Anne's Well-road, Nottingham, iron-
monger and general furniture dealer. May 11.

Thomas, Harry, trading as Smith and Co., Edgwai'e-road and
Queen Victoria-street, late Charles-street, Soho, sewing machine
agent. May 12.

Hughes, George, trading as George Hughes and Son, Llandilo,
Ironmonger. May 6.

Wilcock, John, Market-place, Clitheroe, Lancashire, ironmonger,
whitesmith, and tin-plate worker. May 4.

Bills of Sale.

Pallister, William, Easington-lane, Durham, sewing machine
agent ; £7 10s. In favour of Mark Fryde. Filed April 10.

Midgley, William, 111, Kmg's-cross-road, ironmonger ; ^58, &c.
In favour of Thomas Fairhead. Filed May 2.

Bowers, Thomas, 58, Walsall-street, Wolverhampton, bicycle
manufacturer ; £7 5s., &o. In favour of Joseph Harris. Filed
May 11.

Bryant, James Sutton, Criohlade, Wilts, ironmonger ; ^692 6s. 3d.
In favour of Uriah Bryant. Filed May 18.

Crossley, Henry, Woodhouse, near W hiteha ven, Cumberland, iron-
monger's assistant. In favour of Elizabeth BeUman. Filed
May 16.

Kaison, Henry William, 11, 13, and 15, E,oohester-row, West-
minster, ironmonger, stove manufacturer, &c. ; .£65, &c. In
favour of National Advance Co. Filed May 16.

Eamsay, Charles, 75, New Brandling-street, Monkwearmouth,
near Sunderland, Durham, machine proprietor ; JE22 10s. In
favour of Mark Fryde. Filed May 18.

Eaynbird, George, Arden-street, Earlsden, near Coventry, trading
as Kelsey and Co., in Courk 4, Well-street, Coventry, sewing
machine manufacturer; £48. In favour of District Advance
Co. Filed May 17.

Eudd, William, Clown, Dej-byshire, machine owner; ^£163 193. 3d.
In favour of Helen Holeywell. Filed May 19.

COUNTT COTTKT JUDGMENTS.

Hopkinson, W., and Co., 27, Eye-lane, Peckham, sewing machine

dealers ; £22 10s. 9d. March 31.
Portsmouth, A., Basingstoke, Hants, ironmonger; £14, lis. 6d.

March 29.
Jones, J. W., 32, Hereford-road, Westbourne-grove, ironmonger ;

£11 53. 2d. April 7.
Eobinson, A. K., Woodhouse-lane, Leeds, ironmonger.
Webb, Thomas, Westgate-bridge, Gloucester, machinist.
Webb, W., Westgate-bridge, Gloucester, machinist; £17 13s. lOd.

April 1.
Webster, Henry, 62, New-street, Burton, Staffs, ironmonger ;

£10 3s. April 13.

Dissolutions of Paetnekship.

Evans and Williams, Llanidloes, ironmongers. April 2. Debts
by Evan Williams.

Frost, J. P., and Co., Lord-street and Great George-street, Liver-
pool, general house furnishers. December 31. As regards
Henry Eagles.

Haggard, Son, and Bunby, Eotherham and Mexboro', ironmongers.
December 31. Debts by William George Haggard.

King and Co., Hull, iron merchants and ironmongers. Decem-
ber 31.

Oliver and Arundel, Bromley-street, Ashley-lane, Manchester,
machinists. May 5. Debts by Henry Birkly Arundel.

Palmer and Holland, Aston, Birmingham, bicycle manufacturers,
November 23. Debts by John Henry Palmer.

STORMY CREDITOES MEETING.

A meeting of the creditors of the estate of Harry Thomas,
trading as Smitli and Co., sewing machine dealer, 30, Edgware-
road, was held atthe Guildhall Tavern, on the 30th ult. There
was a large attendance of creditors. Mr. Herbert Pricker, of
the Wanzer Machine Co., took the chair. There was a con-
siderable amount of discussion arising out of the proofs
tendered against tbe estate, objections being taken to several
of them by Mr. Young, the solicitor to the debtor, especially
to those made upon bills of exchange drawn upon the debtor
by Grimwade and Co., of Queen Victoria-street, E.G. The
statement of affairs showed : Creditors fully secured,
£193 8s. lOd. ; creditors unsecured, £2,116 6s. lOd. ; claims
payable in full, £24 IOg. ; the assets consisting of stock in
trade, £73 ; cash in hand, £1 5s. ; furniture and iiktures, £57 ;
book debts, nil. These assets being subject to a reduction of
£33 8s. lOd. in respect of an execution which
had been levied by a judgment creditor who had levied
but was restrained from selling the stock till af £er the first
meeting. Among the list of unsecured creditors were —

The Wanzer Machine Co. . .

Gresham and Craven, Manchester

Ashwoi-th and Sons, Bolton

Pace and Sons, Redditch . .

S. Thomas and Son, Redditch

The Howe Machine Co.

Wheeler and Wilson

Edward Todd

Chas. Messent and Son

Grimwade and Co. . .

Cassell, Petter and Co.
The rest of the liabilities being chiefly for cash lent.

Mr. Young stated that a private meeting had been called
some months ago, when the debtor was able to offer a com-
position of 4s. in the £ ; but the proceedings fell through in
consequence of the impossibility of arriving at anything
like a satisfactory adjustment of the debt alleged to be due to
Messrs. Grimwade and Co., and that in consequence the
estate had been frittered away, and there was nothing left
for division among the creditors. Much indignation was
expressed at the way Mr. Grimwade had wasted the estate and
at the ruinous interest he had charged for cash advanced to
the debtor, amounting in many cases to cent, per cent., and
one creditor in particular denounced his conduct as fraudulent,
and distinctly characterised him as a swindler. A long dis-
cussion followed with reference to some bills signed by the
debtor for Mr. Grimwade's accommodation which he could not
get discounted and promised to destroy, but had failed to do
so. After a long discussion, in which strong language was
freely used, the meeting separated without having passed any
resolution except the usual vote of thanks to the Chairman.

.. £97

r , . 193

.. 13

. . 41

.. 35

.. - 57

.. .. 26

. . 22

. . 480

. . 14

We understand that Messrs. B. P. Brown and Co. have received
the highest award at the Melbourne Exhibition for their Satin
Polish and other specialities. The firm have already gained
the highest award at Philadelphia, 1876 ; the Gold Medal at
Berlin, 1877 ; and the highest award and only medal at Paris
in 1878.

June 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

((

The Coventry Triumph " Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON, ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ^ ^EXPRESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

"WHOLES jk.XjE j^i<riD ^o:r> th^^zt^oi^t a tioit-

THE LARGEST

EWIN6

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

ACHINE TITTIN6S

Warehouse.

Machine "Belt" iWl Oil

Manufacturers, ^f Ja Manufacturers.

Bisliop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.C.

iBAOt^A. UAHK

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &c.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

Price Lists F,-ee. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOE, FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

No. 1.
» 2.

- - £1 10 0
- - - - 2 2 0
„ 3. - - - - 2 10 0 f

Liberal Discount to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makcra, ^

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,
93, hzio-h: HzoLBoi^nsr,

XjOisriDOisr

Wl I

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JWNB 1, 1881.

JUSTIN BROWNE

H
ft

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNH can refer to customers whom lie has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of -whom have
exprossei the gieatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison Trith those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of the
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &c., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, ue jan offer an equally good instrument at a much lower figure.

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

lANOFORTE MANUFACTUREB,

237 & 239. BUSTON EOAP, LONDON, ENGLAND.

June 1, 1881

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator. Will start at a moment's notice.

Power. <.dl'"ft'^0

OneMan ^^ X 0

One-and-a-half Man 2? 2 n

Two Man m S 0

Four Man 50 0 u

H
W

W
H
<
Pi
<

PL,

C/)

>
w

'Z
H

m
u

J. E. H. AIS^DREW,
18, Waterloo Koad, STOCKPORT.

TliE

IPEEI^XjESS

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

^ 05 -**

to
by

SO
p.

CI>

so
P'

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

OILS.

IMPERIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CETSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBEICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
" SOLAE " BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCREW-DEIVEES, NEEDLES,
ETJBBEES, BELTS, FITTINGS and PAETS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TUEING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKEE

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGEE.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HAEDWAEE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFOED KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists or Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL, r,-

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

■^A^^SH:I2s^a- imi^ohiiidte

£2 loS., OR with

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortnight's J^amily
"Wash in, Four Hours, without Rrs-
BiNG OR BOILING, as Certified by
thousands of delighted purchasers
It is easy to work, easily \mder
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not injui-e the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only "Wash,
ing Machine in the world which
rendera Boiling- unnecessary, and
saves five or six hours of copper-
firing each washing day. The Five-
Guinea "Villa" Wafiher possessea
tremendous washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
hour ; 3^ dozen shirts per hour ; li
dozen sheets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is un.
paralleled! Ulustrated Prospectuses
and Export Quotations post free ot

HARPER TWELVETREES,

laundry engineer and machinist,

FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

80,

MORE AGENTS WANTED,

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's "Paragon"
Washing Machine.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JUNE 1, I88i.

CHAELES J. THURLOW,

S |!

0? fl

rt Hici

. £ CO

■° §

o p

s §

xi c3

3 Hi

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJ^CHESTEB

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Double Sec-
ion Hollow
Sims, 18B.6d
per pair.

-.^

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market,

The only macliine made witti a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R. Racer is the liehtest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fitting-s stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

INDIARtTBBER BICYCLE and CARRIAGE TtRES of every description kept
in Block, and supplied by return. Indiaruhher Air Saddles, 7b. 6d.. post free
all kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or finish, lluetrated Price
Llst| 1 Stamp. Smith & Co., Indiarubhcr Manufacturers, 87« Blackman-st,, London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium iViacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

AliSO MANUFACTUEERS OF THE

On the Wheeler aud Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

A LARGE STOCK OF H

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair,

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Eiiropa " Lock-
stitch Sewhig Machines, and Royal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock- Stitch Sewing Machines from 27/- each.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. REDFE

(Successor to L. De Fontainemoreau ^ Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

Provisional Protection, ^7; French Patent, £1 ; Belgian, ^8;

German, ^610. 10s. ; United States, ^617 lOs. Designs and Trad*

Marks Begieteied. Circular gratis on applicatioib

JdNE 1, 1881. tHE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the
Paris Exposition was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

A QEEAT TAEIETT OF MACHIMEI

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TEIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTJNG.

^ RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self- Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Mamifacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WOBSHIF STREET, LONDON, E.C.

-86

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITKNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. JtJi»E 1, 1881.

Works :— O O V E N T RT.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OF THE

" Premier," " Plying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

BILUUN HERBERT JlCOOPU

nA^EaB.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

53° '^ ma

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

On the "D.HF. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES*

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

Please send another large size "Cooper's Patent" Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Yours truly, W. Tatteksfield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
•atinf action. Tours truly, H. Rbvell Reynolds, juu., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Reynolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Reynolds, L.B.C.

All Communications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

JUNB 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMEbTIC APPLIANCES.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6d.

Is entirely SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or bruahee. A current of boiling suds is
passed through and through the clothes, which are thus waslic d and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Full Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELVETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

i trong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, hav*
maintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the " Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
T\ill fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the snaallest articles dry
instantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to ir»n or
mangle. These well-knewn and much-prized Clothes-Wringers are specially adapted for
tlic heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
(V-l ate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cog-wheels, 25b., SOs., 86>.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch P.oUiis.
Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.
Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HARPER TWELVETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT) (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all Dlh rs. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply m;uvellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary copper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Machine ai id is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

MA6IG STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECUEED BY
EOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once.

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards; no turning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVKETON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 1 7th of July, page 68 : — " The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
OOLOTJE OP WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

214, Lichfield Boad, Aston, Birmizi£:ham>

38r-

THE sBwiNa machine: gazette and jouenal op domestic appliances.

June 1, 1881.

MABE

ANNUAL PBODUCTION,
30,000 MACHINES.

TUADE

MABE

PROPER I Rib N FOUND R Y.

FIBST PHIZES AT DIFFERENT EXHIBITIONS.

ORIGINAL RHENANIA,

Cnbivalled splendid
HAN D

SEWING
• MACHINE.

ORI&INAL FIDELITAS,

Best Family

SLWING
IVIACHINE.

Oil

SYSTEM,
GROVER& BAKER

No. 19.

Sewing
Machine

FOR TRADE.

c. ;)

ORIGINAL BADENIA,
HEAVY STRONG

. SEWING
MACHINES

FOB TBADE.

TBADE

UABE

y TEADE

MABE

JUNKER Si RUN

Searing Machine Manufactory,

CABLSEUHE (Germany). ^^^^S)

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MID6LEY,

MANUPACTUEBES OF

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FJiLr/7 DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.
ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 22 inches £5 10s. Boilers with Brass Caps.

Jnm 1, 1881,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUBNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

B'^sT si'EOi-A.rj jf^x»i>oi3srT3S/a:EnsrT,

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

DER & CO

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

CROFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON.

LONDON WAREHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords— Soft and Glace Cottons.

.t,tlt.H

SUN

Best Quality.

MOOH

Medium duality.

STAR

Cheapest duality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

Mij

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jess 1, 1881.

THE PATENT

">EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

ARE

UNIVEBSALLT

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PROOF,

DUBABLB,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLiaHT

LUBRICATION.

EIETAT ON. BGOnOir. FBONT YtEW-

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews,

BIEVATION.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATETJE CHAMPIONSHIP EACES on a Bicycle fitted with " .^lolus " BearingSj,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five Miles. ,

In the SIX DATS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and som« odd
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

M^ILLIAM BOV^N,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MASrUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Requisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and Steel.

N.B.— Considerable reduction in price of the " ^olus " Bearings this Season.

Printed for the Praprietors, and Published by them at U, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of Landon.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE

AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JUNE m 1881.

DEISNELL'S EATENT SOLEAXD HEEL PRESS,

luaniLfactiired \iy

Mess'^.s FENBY&FRASER, Neville Works, LEEDS.

Jc/Vf/S' * CuTMBSIfT^ONj

/6, L/TneTRIfffTylANE, £.C

Vol. IX. No. 128.

ITIME SAVED IS MONEY GAINEOP

JULY 1. 1881.

Price; with Sui5j)lement, 4<1 .

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of aU kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, Ace.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

THE rnmm running stitoh sewing machine.

r PATENTED IN THE UNITED STATES "l ,„^^.„ ^.,.„,.,_ .„ _. . _.,__.,..,-_,

L AND THEOUGHOUT EUROPR. J THE NE VV JVLACHINE

FOR

GAUGING, GATHERING, AND TUCKING,

INDISPENSABLE TO

Dressmakers, Milliners, Coslume, M anile,
and Undercloihing ll/lanufaciurers, &c.

_ WRITE FOR CATALOGUE & SAMPLE OF WORK TO

THE HEBEfuNG™EW!NG MACHINE CO., 46, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.

THE SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JULT 1, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

Patents !"> '8

Novelties in Domestic Labour-Saving Appliances 19, 20

Bicycling and Tricycling 2 1

Tact 21

Our Unjust Patent Laws 22

Gas for Light and Heating 22

The Results of Protection in France 23

The Concordia Society 23 — 25

The Art of Economy 25

Button-Hole Attachment for Sewing Machines 25

Improvements in Springs for AVashing, Wringing, and iSIangling

Machines 26

" At Home " 26

Gazette 27

The Howe Tricycles 27

Leaders 28, 29

Our Illustrated Supplement 29

Apparatus for Cleaning and Polishing Boots and Shoes 30

Obituary 30

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co 12

Devey, Joseph & Co 3 ■

Hosier and Co 27

Hanington & Co

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 3^

Smith. Thomas & Sons

Surrey Machinists Co 34

Timms & Co 3^

AVarman, Laxon &Co 3'

Bicycle Bearincs and Fittings Manufacturers:

Bishop's Cluster Co 3'

Bown, W 8

Deve)', Joseph & Co 31

Sinith, Thomas & Sons

Warwick, Thomas 28

Bicycle S.\ddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons

W.arwicl;, Thomas 28

Boot Machinery- Manuf.\cturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 35

Howe JMachine Co. , L.mited 8

Fork Cle.\ning Machine :

Hutchinson & Co 2

Gas Engine Maker.s .■

Andrew, J. E. H 33

Crossley Brothers ib

Kilting Machine Manufacturers:

Hohoyd, J 7

"Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 16

D.aville Sc Co 33

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 38

Evans, Walter & Co

Raworth , John T

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co , 31

Bown, W 8

Daville, R. S. & Co 33

Manasse, Max 34.

Sewing Machine Manufacturers:

Baer and Remple 12

Gritzner Sc Co 5

Holroyd, J 7

Howe Machine Company, Limited 5

Junker & Ruh

MothersiU, R 7

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 6

Rennick, Kemsley &Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company i-li '5

Thurlow, Charles : 34

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited '. 16

Watson Sc Co 34

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 3

White Sewing Machine Company 4

Wright, G. E 34

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company

DaviUe & Co

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company .

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co

Finlayson, Bousfield &c Co

The Remington Type Writer :

Beeman and Roberts

38
I

Trade Protection Societies :
Stubbs' Mercantile Offices . . .

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

DavUle & Co

Garrie and Co

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley

Twelvetrees, Harper 33 ^

Theobald, E

Wolstencroft & Co

Whitley & Co

Taylor & Wilson

Taylor, F. D

SCALE OF CHARGES FOE ADVERTISEMENTS.
One Page ^24 0 0 per insertion

HaH „

One Third Page.
Quarter „ .,

One Sixth „ .

2 2
1 8
1 2

0 15 0

One Eighth „ 0 12 0

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Restaurants, and Private Houses. It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish vvfithout injury, by the simple metho(J of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

!N".B. — This Machine is the gi-eatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal. Tin„
Pewter, Looking Glasses, &c. To be had at Oil and Colour "Ware
houses, and of Ironnaongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, ^-Ib., 6cl. ; 1-lb., 1/; 2-lb., 19.
Lil)eial terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length. 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in. MCSSrS. HUTCHISON & CO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.G.

JnLY 1, 18S1. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtlENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

the;

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOR

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from <£5 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the "GKAND PRIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Mamifacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & S Prices, £6 lOs., £7 10s.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efSciency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVER, complete, £5 5s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 lOs.
£10.

£8 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Uludrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London. Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victeria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

„ 49, Newing:ton Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.
Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborougk, 55, Newport

Eoad.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

MancheBter, 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, Londan Street.
Exeter, London Inn Scjuare.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JtILT 1, 1881.

IITE SEWINB MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

lEH VICTORIA ST.. LONDON, E.C.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for

all work.

12 various

styles.

I Every machine
Warranted for

TTTPTT) I ^ ys^^'s- Legal
iJlrjirl) guarantee.

ATTRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

"WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

|^gg7sP'^"i!lmsT- rt^.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine — or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, dneen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

JULT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinet:.

.,,...ma«lI>liiliPJifMl"«II>(11l<l:i:ii!ailllimilii|iB«Illllll«^^^

° u

c o

c« o

o
•u

T3
C
3
O
u

"o
O

c
o

a.
■J
o

o §

"(3
Tig. A.
OPEN

Chair
Withdrawn.

2.
5'

Ctl

3
CD

■ . ^

CD
&

(/I

3
O

O
CD

CD
<
CD

p
3*

TO SE^ATIliTCB- IVL^^OHIIlsrE IDE.A-LEii^3.

C^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Fig. B.
LOCKED

Chair and
Sewing Ma-
chine within

^omiNArion

■— — tor usual iron stanas witn t

lis, Ir^ I -^-^ Without or with

and self-aoting win

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above those
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-

pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by special

,_- . , n — w£-iej( HUH I HI ma. " ' artists. AU machines with loose wheel

Tumished -^....^JIJ^ tVllfl |JJ^J|JJ 4 fljiT^TTfir-----^--. ^""^ '""'^'""^ "'"''"•

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerou& Exhibitions.

Novel !
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant ! //

SECOND fp{||«?|

HIGHEST

Medal \

AT THE LATE \\

Sydney

International

EXHiBiTIGN

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JnLT l,_18Si,

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete-

• This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," iScc. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYJiOND'S PATENT "Household"
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. ■ It is exceedingly
simple to leam and to manage, and warranted
to sew every kind of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
ments — loose wheel, and (Registered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

-A.a-E3Sri-'S •V7'-A.I^TTEJ^.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL.

p. PRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863

THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLT FOE EOOT & SHOE MAKERS,

FOR

SADDLE AND HAENESS MAKERS,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FOr" ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the XJnite(J

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj work, FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited,

46 k 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

JuLVl, lasi. TTTB SHWINQ MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF P0ME3TI0 APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

^ ^ testifies to its unequalled exeellence.

rnHIS Machine, by its simplicity and construction, will at once commend itself to
T Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It ca; be worked'byha^nd, treadle, or steam power and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue. ■ i, ^j„ ^„a or,v

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and %vidths immediately,
and in a most simple manner. , , ,

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-makmg purposes, and by its
lightnesl^^ rapidity, Ld correctness, together with the fact that it wiU work muslin
thick cloth, or felt with equal faciUty, it cannot faU to be a great savmg, and of the

^Whh t^e^g^'s^faangement perfect combustien is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being mcliei
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

FLECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St.. Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

————^-~ NETT CASH, by the Half Doz

RETAIL. WHOLESALE

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION "Improved... £4 14 6 -^^ 0 0

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine , 3 10 0 17 6

The "COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly called ^ ^ _ n 17 «

"The Express" 2 2 0 O 17 O

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle) 610 0 300

The "COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE" [S] 5 5 0 ^ ^^ ^

The ditto Hand ditto 4 4 0 2 0 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

3373 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely without lubricants.

Tla© Trad© a.23.ca. Slaij^^aeirs (oxlIv) S-u.p)iDlleci-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP tJOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jdlt 1, 1881.

THE PATENT

"/EOLUS" BALL BEARINGS

AEE

UNIVEESALLT

ADJUSTABLE,

DTJST PROOF,

DURABLE,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLIGHT

LUBRICATION.

FKONT VIEW.

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimouals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews.

BLETATIOK.

BBOnOU.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATEUE CHAMPIONSHIP RACES on a Bicycle fitted with " ^olus " Bearings,
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Four, and Five Miles.

Jp the BIX DATS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and soma odd
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Bearings,

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILLIAM BO^^N,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Eequisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and SteeL

j»j.g,_eonsiderable reduction in price of the " ^Eolus" Bearings this Season,

JULT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 9

Sydney Exhibition.

AWA RDS

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER ■
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from tlie best materials, thoroughly seasoned, and are all fitted with cm
well-known patents and appliances, which cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & AVILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accring'ton.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jtrw 1, 1881.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

STVBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GEESHAM ST., LONDON, B.O:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF OFFICES :

For XBrELAND.

(■DUBLIN— 21, CoUege Green.
t BELFAST— 65, Victoria Streol.

For SCOTLAND.

(GLASGOW— 21, St. Vineent PIae».
( EDINBURGH— 4, Cookbnin Street

BIRMINGHAM— TO, Exchange Builduigs,
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South MaU.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH— 85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD— «5, Qneen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCESTER-G, College Court
LEEDS— 1, Eas* Parade.
LIVl RPOOL— 71, Lord Street
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West

With Agents cmd Gor'respondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Eurojpe, and in the United Statu »/

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

' LONDON— The Union Bank of London.

BELFAST— The Noetheen Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM — Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Peovincial Bank of England.
DUBLIN— The National Bank.

EDINBURGH- The NATIONAI, BANK OP SCOTIAMD.
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Babk of Livekpool.
MANCHESTER^MANCHESTBR and SALFOED BJlNK.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agenoi®, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchant*!
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TE:RJs/LS of STTBSOI?.II»TIOKr

(Except for Sjpecial Service and Financial Departments, in which the Rates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

eircumstances.) One, Two, Three, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.

PROSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PAETICULABS ON APPUCATION.

There h tio Office sn London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the comer of
King St., opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

July 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

l^greemetit f0r %

HIRE OF A

No.

The undersigned hereby hires the_

No._

_belon8fing- to_

On the sum of £ :
instalments of £

II.

of each succeedinof_

upon the terms and conditions following: —

d. being paid to in

s. d., the first instalment to be paid on

and each subsequent instalment at the expiration

the .

to belong without further payment to the undersigned.
In case of default in the punctual payment of any instalment, the instalments previously

paid shall be forfeited to ^who shall thereupon be entitled to

resume possession of the '. , the understanding being that until

full payment of £ : s. d. the _ remains the

sole and absolute property of - it is not to be

removed from the undermentioned address, can be inspected at any reasonable time

by any duly authorised agent or servant of

and is only lent on hire to the undersigned, who will take all reasonable care of it
during the hiring, and in case of damage by fire or accident, bear the loss or risk.
Dated this day of __i8

Signed^

6d. STAMP.

Address_

Witness to the above Signature^

Address of Witness_

All Change of Residence to be intimated to

The above Agreement is constructed on one originally drawn up by Lord Coleridge, the Lord Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas, which was submitted to Sir Hardinge F. Giffard, Her Majesty's Solicitor-General, who is of opinion " that it
confers no right in equity any more than at law to the goods in question, and consequently does not require to be registered
under the New Bill of Sale Act.

Puhlished at the Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 11, Ave Maria Lane, London, E.C,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. July 1, 1881.

Edinburgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exliibition, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season v/ere Exhibited.

THE ONLY ,-^R

SILVER medals'

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the "CENTAUR" COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTRUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION

Full Descriptive Catalogues of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, ivith Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TRADE. RELIABLE AGENTS "WANTED.

THE REMINGTON TYPE-WRITER DEPOT, 6, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

A MacMne to supersede the pen for
manuscript writing, correspondence, &c.,
having twice the speed of the pen, is
always ready for use, simple in construc-
tion, not liable to get out of order, easily
understood, and any one who can spell
can write with it. It is used in Govern-
ment ofBces, by Merchants, Bankers,
Lawyers, Clergymen, Doctors, Scientists,
&c., &c., &o. Its advantages are great
and numerous, and no one ought to be
without one.

NO. 4. PERFECTED TTPE-WRITEE,

It ia portable, durable, and finished in the
«tyle of No. 2 ; the working parts are exposed
to Tiew.

PROVINCIAL AGENTS WANTED.

NO. 2. PERFECTED TYPE-WRITER.

This machine prints Upper and Lower Case
(capital and small) type, portable.

BEEMAN & ROBERTS, Sole Agents for the United Kingdom.

THE NEW

STRAIGHT

NEEDLE

MACHINE

Iv^a-ci© CD3a tlae ne-vs^ w laeeler etuci "Wilsoia's :p>z-incirDlo (ISXo. S).

N
Eh

>
O

a
W

Eh
O

I— t

I—

■<

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany. Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 18G7

JcLT 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MIDGLEY,

MANUFACTURERS OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY:

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on J.pplication.
SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 22 inches £5 10s. Rollers with Brass Caps.

JAMES PEARSALL 85 CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF

X Xj IC s

SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE

BOOT AND LEATHER TRADE.

PRICE LISTS UPON APPLICATION.

134; CheaDside. E.G.

Factories in London & Somersetshire.

& CO.,

MANNINBHAM MILLS, BRADFORD,

MANUFACTURERS OF " •

MACHINE SILKS AND TWISTS,

BUTTON-HOLE SILJC TWISTS

KNITTIMG AMD EMBEOIDERY SILKS, FILOSELLE, &;c.

Recommended for Strength, Evenness and Pure Dye. Length indicated on each label ouatanteed.
OXTB TI^I-A-X^ AATILL I^R-OATE THEIR, SXJ'JPERIORIT-S-.
L. & Co.'s Knitting Silks WrsIi as Well as any jroduced.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

July 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUFAGTI

II liilij

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES wereSoId in the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.

THE GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is athiJbutable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch;

AND FOE THEIR

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PKIOE

firom

£4: 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4 Os.

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paymg

2/6

No Household should
be without one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Se'wing. So simple, a

child can work them.

MANtTFACTTTRERS should see tTam
Manufacturing Machines!

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop I

CAUTION !
Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGEE MANUFACTURING

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Cotinting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER

323 Branch Offices in the tTnited Kingdom,

COMPANY

E, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.C.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, Southwark Park Eoad, S.E.

g78, Clapham Eoad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eoad,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North End, Croydon, S.E.

JULT 1, 1881.

*rHE SKWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SIN

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

:M:.A.isrTj:pj^CTTJi^E:R.s ob^

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES

Chief Counting House in Europe :

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES s

147, CTheapside, E.O. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camdec Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S-E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S.W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, K. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
I, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Eew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

S-Ccrington, 9, Peel-street
AJdershot, Victoria^road
Mfretoa, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-n.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church- street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow-in-Fumess. 11, DA^keith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
Birkenliead, 164, Grange-lane .
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54 a, Church -street
Blyth, Woodbine-ter., Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport-street
Boston, SJ, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics* Instit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st.. Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Keot), 18,'High.8treet
Burjiley, llO, St. James' -street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St. -Edmunds, 78, St. John-at.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, l,Corporation-bldgF.
Chichester, 54, East-street
Cborley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, ,S9, Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St.Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry,' ;12, Fleet-street (oj

Bab^e Church)
Crewe, S7, Nantwich-road
Darlingtoij, 10, Prebend-row
jDortiord, 18, High-strwt

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36. Park-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -mil)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lana
Douglas (Isle of Man)j 5, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
■Rccles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
-Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema'^-^tre-s
Guernsey, 17, Smith-strefetf
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 53, Hiijh-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heekmondwike,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Hertford, Forden House, Ware-
road
Hexhara, 20, Market-place
High Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, Wild man-street
Kiddenninster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38, Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester, 44. Granby-street
Lewes, 164, Hiirh-sti-eet
Liverpool, 21, Boldrstreet
Longton (Staffs.), 12, Market-ter.
Loughborou2^h, 44, Market-place,
Lowestoft, 123, High-street i

Luton, 32, Park-street '

Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street i

Maidrtoir, 8, King-sf ''^ I

Maldon, High-street i

!105, Ma' ket- street]
132, Cheer.ham-hill'
438, Stietford-road
Manningtree, Ilich-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59. Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-imder-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street I
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport(I of Wight).91,Pyle-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-sireet (op-
posite Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61. London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street

Fipley, Market-place

liipon, 1, Blossomgate

Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street

Romford, Market-place
' Rotherham, 109, Main-streat

Rugby, Lawford-road

Runcorn, High-street

Eyde (Isleof Wights 78, Union-st.

Saffron Walden, Chui-ch-street

Salisbury, 56, Fisherton-street

Salford, 4, Cross-iaae. and 100,
I Regent-road
I Scarborongh, 30, Hunirisa-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewabxiry, 4, Market-street
Sittingborne, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'-Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, Wo^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-streen
Swadlincote, Station street
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth, 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-street
Truro, 13, Victoria-place
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall. 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
Watford, . Queen' s-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church -street
West Bromwich, 5. New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, st. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles -street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market -hall
Builth. High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen-streyt
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5. Bridge-street
Dolgclly, Marltet-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, Mai-k^t-hall
Pontvpool. Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street •
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackhall-Bt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, High-^*reet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Miuray-strcet
Paisley, 101, High-street-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, fil, Murray-place
Tain, Lamingtoa-strcet
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-street
Athlone, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tul low-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. George's-Btreet
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-&treet
Enniskillen. 1% High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domni ok -street
KilrusK Moor«-street
Kingstown, 65ji Lower fieorgo^rj
Limerick, 31, Patrick-street
Londonderry, 1. Carlisle-road
MuUingar, Greville-street
Navan, Trimgate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Queenstown, Harbour-row
Sligo, 45, Knox-street
Tralee. 40, Bridge-street
Waterford, 124, Quay
We^^ford, Selskar-ctrset-

tHE SEWiif& MACHINE GAZETTE ANfi JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JUlt 1, 1881.

WANZER "^"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It comhinee all the knoivn advantages of other

Machmee. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Quineas complete.

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

flG MACHINES.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, whereveir Exhibited,

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZEE."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel- plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet Ught running

Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s,

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitcb
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER "E" Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of aU kinds-
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTII^G AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. The

only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

The WanBer Sewing Machine Company ^

LIMITED,

Chief Office— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVEBAGE MONTHLY DELIVERY (includiuff Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

■ t

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE,

IS RAPIDLY EEPLACING STEAM ENaiNES FROM 1 to 40 HORSE POWER IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Oreat Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
KAI^CHESTSB.

CROSSLEY.BROTHERS,

LONDON HOUSE:

116, Queen Victoria Street, E.O,
LONDON. '•

JULT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The following list has been compiled enpressly for the " Seving
Machine Gazette," by G. F. Rbdfebn, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 1,987. T

1988. A

„ 2.009. J.

2,049.
2,084.

„ 2,066.
„ 2,095.
,. 2,145.

„ 2,146. W

„ 2,161.
„ 2,164.

„ 2,177.

„ 2,183.

„ 2,202. E.

„ 2,208. W.

„ 2,216.

„ 2,221.

,, 2,237. W.

Coulthard, of Preston, Lancashire, Machinist, for
improvements in machinery or apparatus for
spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous
materiaifs. Dated May 7, 1881.
Munzinger, of Olten, Switzerland, Manufacturer,
for improvements in and connected with machines
for spinning carded wool and other fibrous
materials, also applicable to slubbing. Dated
May 7th, 1881.
F. Harrison, of Bradford, Commission Wool
Comber, for improvements in machinery for
combing wool or other fabrics. Dated May 9,
1881.

G. M. E. Jones, of Cambridge, for an improved form
of velocipede. Dated May 11, 1881.

S. H. Saxby, Clerk, Ti) aster of Arts, V^icar of East
Clevedon, Soinarsetshire, for so arranging the
motor wheels of crank action tricycles that the
power can be regulated at will without altering
the length of stroke, the said arrangement
being called cone-gearings. Dated May 12, 1881,
W. von. Nawrocki — a communication from G.
Neuhaus, of Kalkar, Prussia, for improvements in
pianofortes. Dated May 1881.
Tweedale, of Accrington, Lancashire, Foreman
Mechanic, for improvements in machinery for
spinning fibres. Dated May 13, 1881.
R. Lake — a communication from .D. H. Campbell,
Machinist, of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, United
States, for improvements in wax thread sewing
machines. Dated May 17th, 1881.
R. Lake — a communication from D. H. Campbell,
Machinist, of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, United
States, for improvements in wax thread sewing
machines. Dated May 17, 1831.

A. Burdess, of Coventry, for improvements in the
manufacture of tricycles. Dated May 18, 1881.

W. E. Lake— a communication from C. M.Raymond, of
Boston, United States, Manufacturer,for improve-
ments in roller skates. Dated May 18, 1881.

E. Blinhorn and T. A. C. Groebert — a communication
from H. Axmann, of Vienna, for an improved
construction of cotton and sock suspender clasps.
Dated May 18,1881.

C. Pieper — a communication from J. Stern, Merchant,
of St. Petersburg, Russia, for impi-ovements in
lock-stitch sewing machines. Dated May 19,
1881.
Marshall, of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer,
for improvements iu bicycles, tricycles, and other
velocipedes, and for machinery in general.
Dated May 19, 1881.
H. Davey and H. Fabian, for ironing collars,
shirts, cuffs, linen, fabrics, and other materials,
and also for bringing up the cord or bead on
collars and cuffs. Dated May 20, 1881.

.1. Imray — a communication from H. Buckofzer, of
Berlin, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated May 20, 1881.

J. W. Bannister and W. Bywater, both of Leeds, for
improvements in means or apparatus for dressing
and finishing woollen or worsted fabrics. Dated
May 21, 1881.

P. Thompson — a communication from P. de
Ligne, of Brussels, for improvements in and re-

No. 2,246.
„ 2,258.

„ 2,266. E

„ 2,269.

„ 2,270. W.

„ 2,301. 0.

„ 2,310.

„ 2,313.

„ 2,315.

.. 2,322.

„ 2,341.

„ 2,366.

„ 2,390.

„ 2,422.

„ 2,428.

„ 2,432.

„ 2,447.

„ 2,469.

„ 2,485. P.

2,516. J

lating to apparatus for displaying clothing and
other articles in shop windows and other placef.
Dated May 23, 1881.

G. Singer, of Coventry, for improTements in yaloei-
pedes. Dated May 23, 1881.

H. J. Haddan — a communication from J. A. McKenzie,
of Galesbury. Illinois, United States, for im-
provements in tricycles. Dated May 24, 1881.
and L. J. Crossley, Carpet Manufacturers, and W.
Sutcliffe, Manager of the Spinning Department,
all of Halifax, for improvements in spinning
and in machinery or apparatus connected there-
with. Dated May 24, 1881.

E. Smith, Manager, J. Cuttler, Foreman Mechanic,
and W. Shaw, Manager, all of Bradford, for
improvempnts in spinning and twisting. Dated
May 24, 1881.

T. Emmott — a communication from E. Appen-
zeller, of Mulhaussen, Germany, for improve-
ments in apparatus for spinning wool and other
fibres. Dated May 24, 1881.
F. Viola, Cutter, of Ludgate-hill, London, for im-
provements in the skirts of ladies dresses,
specially devised for use when riding on veloci-
pedes. Dated May 25, 1881.
W. Mather, of Manchester, Engineer, for improve-
ments in apparatus for bleaching, dyeing, wash-
ing, scouring, and soaping cotton, Bax, silk, and
wool in the unspun condition, after spinning, and
in the woven fabric. Dated May 26, 1881.

F. McCance, of Belfast, Ireland, for improvements in
the manufacture of woven fabrics suitable for
table napkins, table cloths, towels, or other
articles which are to be ornamented with em-
broidery. Dated May 26, 1881.

F. Shaw, of the Grand Hotel, Charing-crosa,
London, tor improvements in knitting machines.
Dated May 26, 1881.

M. P. Browne, of Blandford-square, London, for im-
provements in or connected with abdominal belti
and fastenings therefor, the said fastening!
being also applicable for stocking suspenderi.
Dated May 26. 1881.

H. Empis, of Paris, for improvements in the manu-
facture of white and coloured yarns. Dated
May 27, 1881.

F. H. F. Eugel — a communication from Guhl and
Harbeck, Sewing Machine Manufacturers, of
Hamburg, Germany, for improvements in coveri
for sewing machines. Dated May 30, 1881.

W. R. Lake — a communication from A. H. Hebard,
of Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, for
improvements in pianofortes. Dated May 31,
1880.

G. F. Elder, of Loehee, Forfar, North Britain, for
improvements in overhead sewing machine*.
Dated June 2, 1881.

J. Hargrave, of Burley, Leeds, Gentleman, for im-
provements in machinery or apparatus for
cleaning and polishing knives. Dated June 2,
1881.

T. G. Wells, of Birmingham, Perambulator Manu-
facturer, for improvements in and relating to
perambulators. Dated June 2, 1881.

W. R. Moss, of Bolton, Lancashii-e, for improvemen g-
in machinery for combing cotton and other
fibrous substances. Dated June 3, 1881.
Pieper — a communication from E. Briincker, of
Cologne-on-the-Rhine, Prussia, for improvements
in lock-stitch sewing machines. Dated June 7,
1881.
Smith, jr.. Machine maker, and S. Ambler, Drafts-
man, both of Keighley, Yorkshire, for improve-
mentsin spinning and twisting machinery. Dated
June 8, 1881.
Brentnall, of Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, for new
or improved Jacquard machine or mechanism for
producing in fabrics ornamentation of various
kinds, for hosiery and other purposes. Dated
June 9, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

July 1, 1881.

4,697.

»t

4,703.

„

4,707

J»

4,732.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —

W. H. Beck, of London, for improvements in ribbing
apparatus for knitting machines. Dated
NoTember 15, 1880.
J. E. Heppenstall, of Milnsbridge, near Hudderafield,
for improvement.-, in twisting or doubling
machines. Dated November 15, 1880.

E. Burstow, of Horsham, Sussex, for improvements in
velocipedes. Dated November 16, 1880.

T. Williams, jr., of Gee-street, and W. Saugster, of
Comptou-buildings, both in Gos well -road,
London, Engineers, for improvements in
machinery or apparatus for forcing sausage
meat and other substances into skins or other
suitable receptacles. Dated November 17, 1880.

G. H. Nussey and W. B. Leachman, both of Leeds,
for improvements in machinery or apparatus for
pressing and tentering woollen and other woven
or felted fabrics. Dated November 20, 1880.
Pecker and E. Horstmann, both of Berlin, for im-
provements in whip-stitch sewing machines.
Dated November 22, 1880.

T. J. Palmer, of Letter^tone-raad, Fulham, and C. F.
Dietrich, Engineer, of Shrubland-road, Dais ton,
both in London, for improvements in bicycles
and tricycles. Dated November 24. 1880.

T. Craven, of Keighley, Spinner and Manufacturer,
and T. Muter, of Bradford, Stuff Manufacturer,
for improvements in spinning machinery. Dated
Novembnr 24. 1880.

J. C. Garrood, of Fakenham, Norfolk, for improve-
ments in velocipedes, partly applicable to other
machinery. Dated November 29, 1880.
Mitchell — a communication from J. Storey, of
Brockville, Ontario, Canada, for improvements
in washing machines. Dated November 30, 1880.

T. Bradford, of High Holborn, London, Laundry
Engineer, for improvements in and or connected
with the driving-gear or actuating mechanism of
mangles. Dated December 2, 1880.

H. J. Griswold, of Charterhouse-square, London, for
improvements in the manufacture of stockings,
and in mpchinery for producing these and other
looped fabrics. Dated December 3, 1880.

A. Kirby, of Bradford, for improvements in the con-
Biruction of velocipedes and apparatus connected
therewith. Dattd December 6, 1880.

„ 4,815.

„ 4,836.

„ 4,873.

„ 4,880.

„ 4,964.

„ 4,975.

„ 5,021.

„ 5,043.

„ 5,082.

„ 5,119.

„ 5,135.

„ 5,187.

„ 5,209.

„ 6,294.

„ 5,304. W,

461.
„ 679.

856. W

929.

W. Bczer, of St. John-street, Smithfield, London, for
improvements in skates. Dated December 8,
1880.

A. M. Clark — a communication from F. de Sandoval,
of Biarritz, France, for improved holders or
attachments for rctaing the bottoms of trousers
and sleeves of other garments when turned up,
to prevent soiling. Dated December 8, 1880.
Summerscales, of Keighley, Yorkshire, Machine
Makers, for improvements in washing and wring,
ing machines. Dated December 11, 1880.

W. and G. Benger, both of Stuttgart, Germany, for
improvements in the manufacture of shirts and
drawers in one piece. Dated December 13, 1880.

J. Badges, of Coventry, Tricycle Manufacturer, for im-
provements in the construction of wheels for
transmitting motion in velocipede gearing ;
applicable also for other purposes. Dated Decem-
ber 17, 1880.

L. Bii/elow — a communication from J. Bigelow,
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated
December 17, 1880.

Dobson, of Hull, for improvements in skates.
Dated February 3, 1881.

J. Harrington, of Old-street, St. Luke's, London, for
improvements in tricycles and bicycles. Dated
February 16, 1881.

Mather, of Manchester, Engineer, for improve-
ments in machinery for stentering, stretching,
and drying textile fabrics. Dated March 1,
1881.

J. Hopwood, of Heaton Norris, Lancashire, for im-

provements in the construction of velocipedes.
Dated March 4, 1881.
No. 1,020. J. B. Robertson, of Surgan, Armagh, Ireland, foi
improvements in sewing machines. Dated
March 9, 1881.

„ 1,169. W. R. Late — a communication from C. H. Veeder, of
Plattsburg, New York, United States, for im-
provements in the saddles of bicycles or similar
vehicles, and in supporting and adjusting devices
for the same. Dated March 17, 1881.

„ 1,211. S. Mills— a communication from D. MUls, of Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania, United States, for im-
provements in button-hole sewing machines.
March 19, 1881.

„ 1,279. J. Holden, of Bradford — partly a communication from
W. C. BramMell, of Hyde Park, Massachusetts,
United States, for improvements in apparatus
employed in preparing wool and other fibres for
spinning. Dated March 23, 1881.

„ 1,655. A M. Clark — a commuuication from A. G. Jennings,
of Brooklyn, New York, United States, for im-
provements in cotton gins. Dated April 14,
1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No.

1,752.
1,794.
1,818.

1,953.
2,056.
2,074.

2,127.

1,836. J.
1,839.

1,868.

1,898.
1,201.

1,920. J.

2,154. W

1,527. T.

Hill, of Ashby-street, Clerkenwell, London, for
improvements in darning machines. Dated May
1, 1878.

J. Chambers, of Ipswich, Suffolk, for improve-
ments in darning machines. Dated May 4,
1878.

R. Gadsden, of Dunstable, Bedfordshire, Draper's
Assistant, for improvements applicable to
trousers, rendering the same available for
bicvcle riding and other purposes. Dated May
6, 1878.

Aimers, of Galashiels, Selkirk, North Britain,
Engineer, for improvements in the construction
of spools or bobbins for use in thread or yarn
preparing machines. Dated May 7, 1878.
J. Hight, of Old Kent-road, London, for improvements
in tumbler.M or washing machines for washing
hides or skins, applicable for washing other
articles, materials, or fabrics. Dated May 8,
1878.
F. Leonardt, Merchant, and A. C. Andrews, Machinist,
both of Birmingham, tor improvements in sewing
machines. Dated May 9, 1878.

M. Knight, of Love-lane, London, for improve-
ments in dress-holders. Dated May 11, 1878.

Wilson, of High Holborn, London, Mechanical
Engineer, for improvements in tilting machines.
Dated May 11, 1878.

Connolly, of Albion-road, Dalston, and J. W.
Mercer, of Upper North-street, Poplar, both in
London, for improvements in machinery or ap-
paratus for plaiting or folding. Dated May 14,
1878.
M. M. Brophy, of South-street, South Kensington,
London, for improvements in bicycles and veloci-
pedes. Dated May 15, t878.

H. Hutchinson, of Blackburn, Cotton Manufac-
turer, for a new or improved oil or lubricant.
Dated May 23, 1878.

M. Clark— a communication from E. Baillet, of
Paris, for improvements in thimbles. Dated
May 23, 1878.

V. Newton— a communication from J. W. J.
Thiemer, of Wandsbeck, North Germany, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated May
28, 1878.

E. Gedge — a communication from H. P. T. Du-
chesne de St. Leger, of Poitiers, France, for an
improved machine or apparatus for cleaning and
polishing knives. Dated May 29, 1878.

B. Bishop, of Regent-street, London — partly a
communication from G. H. Bishop, of New York,
and H. M. Hall, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States, for improvements in sewing
machines, and in attachments therefor. Dated
May 1, 1874.

July 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

PELTIES IliDOMESTIC LjlB

PPLIAI(CES

CONSTANT SUPPLY "WATER FILTER.
This filter whicli is known as Harri's patent filter and which
is put in the market by Messrs W. F. Lotz & Co., Barbican is
about 14 inches high and is made so that it can be attached to
the main supply, and thus every drop of water used in a house
is filtered before it is drawn off. This arrangement of the filter
is very simple : inside the bottom of the filter, and in con-
nection with the inlet pipe, a sheet of finely-perforated metal,
rolled up many times, is fixed, through the perforation of
■which every drop of water must first pass. The water then

enters the filtering medium, with which the entire apparatus is
filled, and which is of finely granulated charcoal. In reaching
the top, the water has to pass through another coil of per-
forated metal, as at the bottom. Ample arrangements are
made for cleansing. As the filter is always full, by turning off
the supply tap and turning on the lower one, it empties itself,
and this process may be repeated as often as may he desired ;
bnt, independent of this, a union joint is provided by which
the filter can be disconnected at any time, and the tap being
loose, the whole contents can be taken out and washed , and by
putting in the oven and being, so to speak, rebaked, it can be
returned perfectly fresh and equal to new.

THE UNIVERSAL SLICER.

The Universal Slicer is the name given to a new bread cutting
apparatus, patented and sold by Messrs. Thos. Wolstencroft
and Co., 93, High Holborn, W.C. It is a thoroughly well

or fruit may be sliced to any desired thickness with ease and
rapidity. We have seen one in use, and it certainly is a great
time and labeur saver, as well as economical. The retail price
is 21s.

GROOM'S COMPLETE STOVE CLEANER.

This is a cinder sifter and housemaid's box combiiaed, and it
is designed so as to enable the servant to carry upstairs in one
hand every article necessary for the cleaning of fireplaces, the

other hand being free for dustpan and broom. It is well
known that servants have a great dislike to sifting or burning
cinders, and when they are once taken away from the rooms
the chances are that they will eventually find their way into

made article, and indispensable to hotels, restaurants, coffee
palaces, and to large families, as with it either new or old bread,
cake, bacon, tongue, or any meat free from bone ; vegetables

the dust bin. The machine is constructed with a lid to render
it dust proof and is to be used in the room, the cinders being
taken out and used for lighting the fire. The upper part con-
tains a pan for mixed blacklead and brush, a compartment for
packets of blacklead, gloves, leather and emery cloth, polish-
ing brushes, and duster or clean leather. The manufacturers
are Messrs Groom & Co., Liquorpoad-street, Clerkenwell,
F C

THE "WILSON STYLUS."
A very clever invention is the " Stylus," or fountain pencil
pen, patented and manufactured by Messrs. Newton, Wilson
and Co., 1-14, High Holborn, W.C. This new writing instru-
ment is a marvel of simpUcity. It writes with ink, yet with
more than the freedom of a lead pencil, and is as nearly auto-
matic or self-acting as it is possible to conceive. It is hterally
self-opening, self-closing, and self -filling. 'Ihe contact of the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JtTLT 1, 1881.

point witli the paper, at the same moment and by the same I
moTement, opens the ink vent at the point and the air valve at
the head ; the withdrawal of the pen as instantly closes hoth. |
It oan be carried with perfect safety in the pocket. For an |

travelling ink bottle to the hosts of collectors of rents, rates,
taxes, water, gas, &c., will not fail to be appreciated. Finally,
the "Stylus" cannot possibly get out of order if the simple
directions for use are observed. The retail price of the " Wilson

ordinary writer it requires filling but once a week, and then it
fills itself in the time it takes to read this sentence. It will be
found indispensable to professional men, lawyers, physicians,
architects, &c., while the convenience of dispensing with the

Stylus " is from 2s. 6d. in plain metal, to 6s. 6d. in best nickel
gilt. The convenience of such a pen and pencil combined may
be imagined when it is known that some 20,000 to 30,000
words may be written with one filling of ink.

NEW BURGLAE-PROOr BOLT.

The Russell and Erwin Company, of Upper Thames-street,
E.G., have introduced from America a bolt, which is to resist

bit, soon makes the place to receive it. The " shooting " hole
in the door-frame has a " bashed " socket similarly fixed. The
bolt is "shot" by a half -turn of a small flat handle, and

the exertions of gentlemen of the Bill Sikes' profession. The I cannot, by any possibility, be tampered with from the outside,
engraving above gives an illustration of the bolt. It is let as may be done to ordinary bolts,
into the doer like a mortice-lock, but, being round a centre- I

LAWN TENNIS MARKER.

Lovers of lawn tennis will appreciate tlie little invention of
Messrs._ 11. Mallory and Sous, of 395, High-street, Cheltenham,
shown in the engraving below. The price of this lawn tennis I

fashionable. We need scarcely say that it wUl number the
days of white tape and hair pins, so often used by ladies as a
substitute, and which always come unfastened with the least
puff of wind or a catch of the toe. We do not know if Major

marker is moderate, and we recommend it to dealers in
domestic machinery as a novelty that will find purchasers now
that the game of lawn tennis is so much played and is so

Wingfield has seen this useful invention, but we are sure he
would approve of the same.

July 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

BICYCLING AND TRICYCLING.

Exhibition of Machines at Long Acee. — In order that
the pubHc may have a fair opportunity of comparing a large
number of makes of bicycles and tricycles, the directors of the
Universities Co-operative Association have got up an extensive
exhibition of cycles in the top floor of their premises in Long-
acre, formerly known as the Queen's Theatre. The large hall
set apart for the exhibition is admirably suited to the purpose,
and there is plenty of room, not only to look at, but to try the
machines, in fact, the latter facility is taken advantage of far
too freely, and is, therefore, a source of danger to the spec-
tators. Some mai-vellous exhibitions were given by Scuri on
the Unicycle during the evening. W. M. Williams, of the
Temple Bicycle Club, is acting as master of the ceremonies,
and, under his able management, the " show " is getting into
order. "We would suggest, however, that descriptive labels be
attached to every machine. The most prominent sight on
entering the room was one of Sparrows Amazon (ladies')
bicycles being driven round the hall at a high rate of speed by
a fair young cyclist. The extreme difficulty of mounting and
starting will, we fear, prove a barrier to its success ; the posi-
tion, too, is not so graceful as in its only rival — the Otto. A
couple of the last-named were also present, and attracted great
attention by the ease with which they were propelled, both by
the young lady, who is so well known in connection with it,
and by a boy, who never seemed to tire of making countless
circuits of the apartment.

On the iu-st dais, that most remarkable of machines, the
Unicycle, was shown. It consists of an ordinary bicycle front
wheel, forks, handle bar, spring, and saddle, but the backbone
is cut off short about 16in, from the socket head. It is a very
curious affair, and its rider must loossess marvellous balancing
power to be able to ride it. The one used is of foreign manu-
facture, and very old fashioned. We hope to see M. Scuri
better mounted ere long.

A large sized Devon stood next ; it was evidently one of last
year's make, but had double driving and a very strong ground
brake. It somehow lacks t'ue neatness of finish so prominent
in many of its rivals.

The Eotary Coventry has made rapid strides to the front,
and the original bicycle seems in a fau- way to regain its
former popularity. Large gunmetal hubs, direct spokes,
ratchet stee'ing, and ball bearings are among the new
additions.

A very large double Convertible looked strong enough for
anything. It had all the special features, and could, moreover,
be converted into a single machine by removing half of the
frame and substituting a smaller wheel. We have lately seen
several double machines at work, and they are fast gaining
ground in popular favour. The same firm (Centaur Bicycle
Co.) also showed one of their single bioyles.

The Eob Roy (Zephyr Bicycle and Tricycle Co., Coventry)
looked exceedingly neat ; we have several times spoken favour-
ably of this excellent machine. The direct action driving
power, and "speeding" or "gearing" of the wheels is a
decided advantage, as it does not call forth so much extra
strength as is generally required where similar means are re-
sorted to. We will shortly describe this machine at length.
Its stable companion — -the Zephyr — is constructed more on the
ordinary lines, and is driven by cham action. It is open m
front, and has the small wheel behind.

The Caroche Company has two machines, one of their
ordinary full size, and a child's.

On the sixth dais there stood an extraordinary affair — a
small wheel with a large frame and very long handle. It
proved a mystery, and the large photo did not help to exijlain
matters.

A very handsome three-wheeler by the Birmingham Small
Arms Company completed the show of tricycles. It was
elaborately plated and ivury mounted. It is driven by chains
at each aide, but, by an automatic clutch, the pedals may
remain at rest when the machme is moving.

The bicycles were not very numerous. Among the new
names we noticed the Hampton, from Wolverhampton, but
sold in London.

Hydes and Wigfull's new make (the Marmion, at £12 10s.)

promises to be in extensive demand, as it is well worth the
price. They showed three other machines.

A revolution has taken place in the Nonpareil (Stassen and
Son). The firm have, at last, given up their cumbersome and
heavy hubs, light gun-metal taking their place. The whole
machine ie also improved in appearance.

The Forester (Ford Co., Wolverhampton), at £5 10s., looked
as if the wrong card had been placed upon it, as it seemed
impossible to produce it at the money.

M. D. Eucker showed a splendid 56in. or oSin. " Eucker,"
a roadster that had seen considerable service, with handle-
knobs turned towards the rider. It is a grand machine for
all-round work.

A very large Safety Devon stood beside it, and attracted a
good deal of attention.

An extinct make was revived in the Standard, built by
Wheaton. It was, however, a very old machine newly painted.

The Zephyr Bicycle and Tricycle Co. showed three two-
wheelers in addition to their tricycles.

D. Eudge and Co. had three of their famous machines, the
beautiful fit and finish of which was greatly admired.

Hillman and Herbert had two machines, the Stanley Hollow
Fork being a fine machine.

A single Bicycle was contributed by the Centaur Bicycle Co.
The new Planet bicycle, « la Pony, seems to be one of the
most successful dwai-f bicycles we have yet seen.

Three machines by the Coventry Machinists' Co. conclude
the list of machines in position on Wednesday. Of the trio,
the new direct spoke type was by far the most attractive. It
was, however, intended for a racer.

Among the firms who supply the countless "extras" re-
quired with the modern bicycle, Salisbury, of lamp fame, and
the King of the Road (Lucas) were prominent. Tyler's
medals. Front's glue, Mappin and Webb's display of prize
trophies were among the es.tra attractions.

The exhibition will remain open permanently, but is a special
affair at present. — Bazaar and Mart.

TACT.

Tact very often distances talent in the race for success, and
its possession is rated as of nearly equal value by many men
who have made their mark in the world. It is a nice perception
or discernment of the exactly proper thing to say or do upon
any given occasion. It can accord a favour without making
the granting seem too cheap, and it can refuse a request in
such a way as not to merely take away the sting of a refusal,
but even to create almost as good an impression as if it had
beeu granted. There is no greater smoother of the pathway
of life than the exercise of tact. In social, family and business
relationship it steers clear of difficulties which beset, annoy,
and seein almost insurmountable to those who have not the
peculiar faculty of the man of tact. No qualification can do
more to help along one's aim and purposes iu life ; no element
of character is a more powerful agent in shaping a career.
The man of consummate tact often reaches the same pinnacle
of success as the man of commanding talent, but by a far dif-
ferent route ; the latter forces his way by the vigorous exercise
of his native ability ; the former glides gently along by shrewdly
adapting himself to others' dispositions and controlling his
own.

Tact is not a natiu-al gift ; it is an acquired accomplishment,
lit is the result of careful observation and reflection ; it is the
framing of one's character as a gardener trains a vine, avoiding
the dark and shadowy spots that retard the process of growth,
and twining in the du-ectiou where the sunshine nourishes and
developes. To practice tact successfully it is necessary to have
a good knowledge of human nature, and when entering upon
this interesting study the first lessons should be introspective.
" Man, know thyself," is an injunction the wise will not fail to
obey. It is surprising how an insight into one's own character
will give the keynote to the dispositions of others, so much are
we all alike ; aiid the habit of studying our own natures soon
leads as to observe the dispositions of others, and thus learn to
read their very thoughts and skillfully adapt our own actions
towards thorn accordingly. In dealing with customers, tact

THE SEWISTG- MACHINE GAZETTii AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Jtjlt 1, 1881.

comes into full play, and is an essential part of the make-up of
a good salesman. To understand the fancies, prejudices, whims
and expectations of customers, and to forestall and meet them,
requires adroit tact. To act with tact in a natural, unconstrained
manner demands great suppleness, pliability or adaptability of
character to conform to the numberless phases of constitutional
peculiarity ; but tact should not be mistaken for deceit, with
which it is sometimes confounded.

Some people affect to despise tact as too ignoble for blunt,
honest natures, and pride themselves upon being plain, out-
spoken people. The man of tact will let these egotists believe
that he admires their boasted openness of character, but in his
heart he will despise such weakness, and he will not fail to
turn it to his advantage, if he can use it.— ^Seiving Machine
News.

OUR UNJUST PATENT LAWS.
By Johh- Fkeakson, M.E.

I know of no laws which so much need revision as our Patent
Laws. Surely the present Government will make an altera-
tion in them, which will result in being more just to inventors,
and lead to the revival of our declining trade and commerce.

Superficial observers do not see the primary causes of the
depression of trade and commerce — they look at the proximate
causes only — and our law-makers are so superficial that they
generally resort to palliative measures instead of going to the
root of the matter.

We are more indebted to discoverers and inventors than is
generally supposed. The principles of electricity, magnetism,
mechanics, steam, photography, &c., have been discovered,
and the appliances which tiave rendered them serviceable to
mankind have been invented. The result is, that railroads are
constructed upon which locomotives run screammg past horse-
drawn barges ; steam, not only prints, but scatters the world's
news of the morning over the whole length and breadth of
the land — steam vessels majestically traverse our ocean against
wind, weather, and tide — and magnetism enables the mariner
to steer with the greatest certainty through dreary days and
dark nights towards his destined harbour ; the electric tele-
graph carries our thoughts to distant lands with the rapidity
of lightning ; the sunbeams' chemical properties are ascertaiiied,
and the photographer, " holding his mirror to Nature," captures
and carries away the truthful reflection ; besides myriads of
labour-saving machines for forming silk, cotton, flar, wool,
clay, and the various metals into articles of utility. All^ — all
these are brought into existence by inventors ! Moreover,
every article on our breakfast table, and everything in our
houses, are the result of invention. Take away from us every-
thing that has been invented, and we shall find ourselves
naked, houseless, and more helpless than the brutes in the
wilderness ! And yet, no class of men in this country have
been so unjustly treated as poor inventors ! No country has
such unjust Patent Laws as those of Great Britain !

In the United States of America the Government patent
fees amount to only thirty-five dollars, viz., £7, for a patent
for seventeen years, while in this country the Government
patent fees amount to £175 for a patent for only fourteen
years !

Besides, in this country, an inventor is not allowed to do the
business of patenting his invention by correspondence. No !
He must apply personally to the Commissioner of Patents at
his office in London, or employ an agent to do so — and this
incurs extra expense — seldom less, and often more than £25.
Thus a patent for the United Kingdom generally costs the
patentee £200, while the Government of the United States of
America permits an inventor — wherever he may reside — to do
the whole of the business by correspondence direct with the
Commissioner of Patents at Washington, and £7 clears all
expenses for an American patent for 17 years ! This is
handicapping with a vengeance ! The idea of putting 2001bs.
weight on an Englishman, by his own Government too, in the
competitive race with an American who has only 7 lbs. weight
to carry.

As the United States Patent Laws aiford such great facilities
and ad'untages to inventors, and the obstructions and disad-

vantages connected with our Patent Laws are so great, amount-
ing to a prohibition to most woi'king men, is it any wonder
that our best inventive workmen leave this country and take
their inventions to the United States ?

As a natural consequence, Englishmen patent their inven-
tions abroad, and they come here as foreign inventions, which
supersede our productions, and thus we are deprived of the ,
trade which we might have retained and obtained if justice
had been done here to inventors. The folly of our legislators
in this matter is equal to that of " killing the goose that layed
the golden eggs !"

There is another injustice which affects poor inventors more
than the high rate of patent fees. If a patentee has not suffi-
cient money required to pay for the defence of his patent
rights, our Patent Laws give him no protection whatever.
A rich man can pay for the protection of his patent rights, and
it is rich men only who are benefited by the high rate of
patent fees ; but they are seldom found to be inventors ; they
get possession of inventions for a trifle, often for nothing, and
the poor inventor is lost sight of. There are a few noble
exceptions where rich men have done justice to poor inventors,
but such cases are very, very rare indeed.

As an agent's charge f6r obtaining an American patent is
generally about £30, I wi-ote direct to the Commissioner of
Patents, at the Office for Patents, Washington, D. C, stating
that I had several inventions which I desired to patent in the
United States, and would like to know the rules of the office,
so that I could apply in the proper form, and the Commis-
sioner promptly sent me a copy of the Patent Law, and also a
copy of the Rules of the Patent Office, free of charge. Since
this I have patented three inventions there with far less
trouble than with an agent, and in one case the Commissioner
suggested that a wider claim would be permitted, which he
wrote out in full, and which I adopted. Would our Commis-
sioner have done this? Certainly not. There, the Patent
Office employs a qualified staff of examiners, who will not
allow a patent for what has been done previously. But here,
the inventor has to examine for himself, and this is no small
matter for a working man. In some cases thousands of speci-
fications require to be examined ; but whether the invention
be new or old, the Commissioner of Patents takes his fees,
regardless of consequences.

A national or an individual wrong necessarily brings its
punishment, and right its reward. England is now mostly
suffering from the wrongs inflicted upon those who produce
the wealth of the nation, and unless justice is done to the
people, " Ichabod " will be uiscribed upon the portals of the
kingdom, for our glory as a nation will assuredly depart.
Other countries, peopled with our own blood, will carry away
the palm which we so long have borne, and Great Britain will
sink in the scale of nations.

If England would avert the coming destruction of trade and
commerce, she should at once remove the impediments which
she has placed against the progress of inventive genius, and
grant patents for such fees as would pay for office expenses
only. She does herself wrong by taxing inventions. She has
no right to derive a revenue from those who produce the
wealth of the nation. Good as the American Patent Laws are,
England, to save herself, should be a match for America, and
grant a patent for £5 for 20 years, and the inventor or
patentee should be compelled to grant licenses to all who can
prove their ability to work the patent efficiently.

GAS FOR LIGHT AND HEATING.

At a conference of gas managers held at Birmingham lasf;
week Dr. C. W. Siemens read a paper on " Gas Supply, both
for Heating and Illuminating Purposes." The question, he
said, may be asked whether a demand would be likely^ to
arise for heating gas similar in amount to that for illuminating
gas. I am of opuiion that, although the present amount of
gas supplied for illuminating purposes exceeds that for
heating, the diminution in price for the latter would very
soon indeed reverse these proportions. Already gas is used
in rapidly-increasing quantities for kitcheners, for the work-
ing of gas engmes, and for firegrates. As regards the latter

Jolt 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

application, I may here mention that an arrangement for
usin^ gas and coke jointly in an open fireplace combined with
a simple contrivance for effecting the combustion of the gas
by heated air has found favour with many of the leading
grate builders and with the public. As regards the use of
illuminating gas, I have one more suggestion to make, which
I feel confident will be viewed by you with interest. The
illuminating effect produced iu a gas flame depends partly
upon the amount of carbon developed in the solid condition m
the body of the flame and partly upon the temperature to
which these particles are heated in the act of combustion.
Having shown how by separation a gas of greater luminosity
may be supplied, it remains to be seen how the temperature
of combustion may be raised. This may be effected by certain
mechanical arrangements, whereby a portion of the waste
heat produced by the flame itself is rendered available to
heat the gas and air sustaining the combustion of the flame —
say to 600 degrees Pahr., or even beyond this point. The
arrangement I have adopted for this purpose is a burner of
the ordinary Argand type, mounted in a small cylindrical
chamber of sheet copper connected with a vertical rod of
copper, projecting _ upwards through the centre of the
burner, and terminating in a cup-Hke extension at a point
about four inches above the gas orifices, or on a level with the
top of the flame. A small mass of fireclay fills the cup, pro-
jecting upwards from it in a rounded and pointed form.
The copper vessel surrounding the burner is contracted at
the upper extremity with a view of directing a current of
air against the gas jets on the burner, and on its ci.cum-
ference it is perforated for the admission of atmospheric air.
The bottom surface is formed of a perforated disc covered
with wre gauze, and wire gauze also surrounds the circum-
ference of the perforated cylinder. The external air is heated
in passing through these "regenerative" surfaces, and the
flame is thus fed with air heated to the point above indi-
cated, which by more elaborate arrangements might be raised
to a still higher degree. The ball of fireclay in the centre of
the burner, which is heated to redness, serves the useful
purpose of completing the combustion of the gas, and thus
diminishes the liability to blackening of the ceiling. The
arrangement for transferring the heat from the tip of the
flame to the air supporting its combustion was applicable
also to an open bat's-wing burner, but I have not yet had
time to ascertain accurately the amount of increase of lumi-
nosity that may be realised with this class of burner. Prom a
purely theoretical point of view it can be shown that of the
caloric energy developed in the combustion of gas a propor-
tion (probably not exceeding 1 per cent.) is really utilised in
the production of luminous rays ; and that even in the
electric light nine-tenths of the energy set up in the arc is
dispersed in the form of heat, and one-tenth only is utilised
in the form of luminous rays. It would lead us too far here
to go into the particulars of these calculations, but it is
important to call attention to them in order to show the lai-ge
margin still before us for practical improvements. I may
here mention that another solution of the problem of heating
the incoming air by the waste heat of the products of com-
bustion has lately been brought under public notice by my
brother, Prederick Siemens, which differs essentially from the
plan I have suggested, inasmuch as he draws the flame
downwards through heating apparatus and thence into a
chimney. In practice both these methods of intensifying a
gas flame will probably find independent application, accord-
ing to cii-cumstances. By the combined employment of the
process for separating the illuminating from the heating gas
with the arrangements for intensifyiug the luminosity of the
gas flame, the total luminous effect produced by a given
consumption of coal gas may, according to the figures given,
be increased threefold, thus showing that the deleterious
effects now appertaining to gas illumination are not insepar-
able from its use. Mj principal object in x^reparing this
communication has been to call your attention generally to
the important question of an improved gas illumiuation, and
more particularly to the subject of a separate supply for
heating gas, which, if carried[ into effect, would lead, I am
convinced, to beneficial results, the importance of which

both to gas comx^anies and to the public it would be difficult
to over estimate.

THE RESULTS OP PROTECTION IN PEANCB.

That France does not altogether succeed in extending her
export trade by means of a system of protection is shown very
conclusively by the following figures and accompanying com-
ment extracted from the Statist :

Exports of Textile Manufactures feom Prance to all
Countries in the Tears 1872-1878.

(Prom the Statistical Abstract for Poreign Countries).

Cotton Woollen Silk

Manufac- Manufac- Manufac-
tures, tures. tures. Total.

1872 ,.£2,7o8,00a ..£4,083,000 ..£17,312,000 ..£24,058,000

1873 , . -3,084,000 . . 3,460,000 . . 19,144,000 . . 26,692,000

1874 . . 2,212,000 . . 4,168,000 . . 16,648,000 . . 23,728,000

1875 .. 3,260,000 . .s 3,364,000 . 15,068,000 .. 21,692,000

1876 .. 2,644,000 .. 2,992,000 .. 11,836,000 .. 17,472,000

1877 .. 2,488,000 .. 3,084,000 .. 10,368.000 .. 15,940,000

1878 . . 2,260,000 . ." 3,588,000 . . 10,316,000 . . 16,164,000
" These figures show conclusively that the Prench exjjorts of

textile manufactures of late years to all parts of the world have
been diminishing, the diminution in the exports of silk manu-
factures being especially remarkable. No doubt a part of this
diminution is apparent only, being the result of the fall of
price which affected our own exports so greatly in the same
years ; but we beUeve that a considerable part of the decrease
is real, especially in the case of silk manufactures, the Protec-
tionist measures of Prance having really been injurious to their
export trade, by interfering with the proper supjaly of the raw
material. We cannot give the exact figures withoat reference
to the detailed Preuoh statistics, but this diminution of their
exports of textile manufactures to all the world corresponds
with the diminution to the United Kingdom alone. England,
in fact, being the chief customer of Prance, it would be sur-
prising if there was a general diminution of Prench trade with-
out any diminution in the trade to the United Kingdom."

THE CONCORDIA SOCIETY.

We extract the following account of the formation of the
above society from the " die Deutsche Namaschine."

The provisions have become a fact, the persons interested
iu the sewing machine industry have already united them-
selves into a society, established at Leipsig, on the initiative
of Mr. Jos. Wertheim, at Prankfort-on-the-Maui, who
characterised it justly as an untenable and iasupportable
situation, that the German industrials of this branch did not
only march separately, but also separately combat the great
American antagonists. It was very natural that in this
manner they could but succumb, as, what is generally known,
the American companies have large reclaim funds at their
disposal.

Besides the president, Mr. Jos. Wertheini, Messrs. Glasz
Naumann, Dir. Eiese and Euh have been chosen to form the
directors.

The statutes have been redacted as follows : —

1 . The Society Concordia is constituted with the end to
make more generally known in Germany itself the importance
of the sewing machine manufacture.

2. Everyone can be a member who furnishes in Germany
sewmg machines, parts of them, or machines for their con-
struction ; as also they who only furnish the rough materials
for them; also they who sell German sewing machines, or
parts of them, who inscribe their firm at the president's, and
who engage themselves to promote the ends of the society by
regular contributions.

The minimum contribution is fixed at 50 mai'ks. Contri-
butions of 100 to 500 marks give right to a vote ; in case of
higher contributions each 500 marks give a vote. Members
who contribute less than 100 marks can unite themselves to
the corresponding number of a collective vote.

THE SEWIN& MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jott 1, 188i.

Greater contributions are levied, according to self- valuation,
and provisionally a normal sum is fixed of 20 pf . per complete
machine or its value, according to the rate of the production
during the former year.

Manufacturers of cheap hand machines and heads valuate
themselves at the normal value of 15 — 10 till 5 Pf. a-piece,
according to the rate of the retail price ; manufacturers of
parts of machines valuate themselves at the same rate. The
direction fixes the amount of the contribution in concordance
with everyone who wishes to be inscribed as a member.

Only in case of particularly valuable reasons the direction
has the right to refuse the entrance of a member, or to reject
a niember. In such cases everyone has a right to call on "the
opinion of the fiurst general assembly.

3. The direction consists of a president and four auditors,
chosen from the number of the voting members. The direc-
tion has the right to co-optation.

4. The direction convokes every year the general assembly,
in which the direction is chosen by secret voting by absolute
majority of voices.

5. The general assembly must be communicated to the
members five weeks beforehand; propositions must be for-
warded to them eight days before in print. Propositions of
the members must be made known to the direction three weeks
before the general assembly.

6. On the demand of at least ten voting members the direc-
tion must convoke an extraordinary general assembly at latest
within two months, yet not before three months have elapsed
since the last general assembly.

To the demand for the convocation of an extraordinary
general assembly must be joined the propositions to be
brought into discussion.

7. The general assembly decides with the plurality of the
voices of the present members or of those represented by
authorisation.

The domicilium of the society is the domiciliumof the presi-
dent. Correspondencies for the society to address :

CONCOEDIA
zu Handen des Hei-m :... {Einstwdligen Vorsitsenden).

9. The direction defrays the expenses of the direction out of
the funds of the society.

10. The direction is obliged to communicate to the members
every three montns an imprinted state of the cash.

11. The yearly contributions to the cash of the society are
communicated by the members per writ of personally ; these
communications a,re obligatory; the contributions are per-
ceived by the president according to necessity ; yet never more
than a third part of the fixed sum may be perceived within
two months.

12. Every member has a right to as much copies as he
wishes from the imprintings of the society at the original
price and a contant for particular ends, and may require
additions es : firm X,

So the sewing machine industry in Germany ha s found a
mutual point of support, and will no longer have to blush in
the presence of other lesser or greater industries, which, with-
out being so much oppressed by foreign concurrence, have
founded long since societies for the protection of the ir mutual
interests. The great necessity of such a society for the
interested parties may be deducted from the fact that the
thirty-one present immediately inscribed themselves as mem-
bers. TiU yet the society counts thirty-eight members, among
which the greatest and most influensive firms.

In order to engage those firms aud the great nu mber of
dealers who have not as yet declared themselves, the direc-
tion has issued the following circular to all the interested
parties.

The Concordia, a society of all who interest themselves for
the German Sewing Machine branch, was constituted the 2nd
May a. c. at Leipzig. All those who were present at the meet-
ing have given proof of their adherence by becoming members
of it.

The army has thus been levied, with which the contest is to
be fought out against American humbug and unw orthy con-
currence. Our undertaking is not only a legal one, it is a

social, a national too. The most important moral factors are
on our side, and give a strong, unassailable basis to our
operations.

Besides this, the material force in our service may be called
from the beginning very respectful. Whether it wUl be sufEi-
cient, who shall say it-our enemies belong to the capitalists
of the first rank ; from this, however, we feel sure, that we
will be superior in number if all the German interested parties
unite themselves under one banner.

Prospects are favourable to us as never before. You wUl
be aware that in the last two years our efforts, with but very
decent means, have been crowned with sviccess : one article
alone, " die Deutsche Nahmasohine " in one of the great
German journals, has brilliantly put to light the force of
justice and truth. This article produced a sensation among
the public as, according to the redaction of this journal, no
industrial article had still yet ever produced.

The public interest is duly awakened. We would do a
wrong, nay, a foolish act, if we suffered it to go to sleep again.
Things are in motion ; let us employ our utmost forces that no
stagnation takes place.

It wiU be our first and chief duty to interest the German
press in its most worthy aud respectful representatives in our
behalf. And the German press wUl not fail to show itself
reaUy German for a German branch of trade, when it will be
thoroughly convinced of the high importance of this branch.
Furthermore, we wiU disperse millions of circulars among the
masses, that the man of the people may be sure no longer to be
cheated in getting an inferior American machine instead of a
superior German one.

As far as the , tasteless, gaudy-coloui'ed American placards
have penetrated into the most insignificant country inns, our
articles and circulars must be spread. We will oppose worthy
and motivated declarations against humbug and worthlessness.
The people wHl, and must come on our side, it will learn to
comprehend that it is in general equally irrational, to spend
its money in foreign countries for machines, to be got in the
own country from better construction and at a cheaper rate,
as it would be irrational in a peasant to buy, elsewhere the
productions, which he can have better and cheaper from his
own fields.

It is, therefore, in your own interest when we pray you to
hold our side. That no one say : "It wUl as well go without
me." No, it will not go without you, or at least it wiU not so
as it would with your assistance. Every manufacturer who
does not co-operate with us weakens our columns ; every
trader or dealer who does not appear in our ranks diminishes
our forces.

True, we are competitors amongst ourselves, that is in a
certain degree natural antagonists, bat let our jealousy in the
market and our competition be ever so. great, the Americans
are our natural, our common foes, at least they ought to be,
and must be, if we wlU get rid of the foreign intruders. We
ought to stand shoulder to shorJder, as all the German tribes
for ten years when foreign insolence and disdain were to be
punished.

No one presume he may, without contributing, reap the
fruits of others exertions — certainly it is not without the reach
of possibUity that the Concordia insures the results of its
troubles and cares to its members alone.

Besides the members, whether dealers or manufacturers,
would be perfectly right in turning their backs to all such ap-
pertaining to the branch, who had deserted the ranks where it
was their duty to defend the highest interest of the trade in
German sewing machines.

Nor may the dealer remain inactive and leave the manufac-
turer to the struggle. Do not the dealers form the greater
part of those interested in the strife, and what wordd be an
army without troops of line ? They form the real great back-
ground, and do indeed give a national relief to the movement.
That nobody think that a little pecuniary sacrifice for the
propagation of our ideas is to be jiut down as a lost post,
because it does not bring in a sensible profit, a profit to be felt
with the hands or to be counted. Just these posts are often
the most profitable. Were it not chiefly our antagonists, the
Americans, who have made us sensible of the force of the
imprinted word P

July 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES-

They propagated a prejudice, whilst we have the moral and
the national interest on our side, which they do^ not have,
would it not in this case be questionable on whose side victory
is to declare itself ? Confidence rests on reality, and solidity
and confidence is the surest pledge, the most solid basis for
every commercial pirrsuit.

We do pray you not to hesitate, and to range yourselves on
our side. Wars must be quickly and energetically fought out.
In the first place, we want a good stronghold. Once in a
fortified position, it will be an easy matter to protect and defend
it with little expense and little means.

Thus it is evident the German sewing machine industry has
at length got the alarm. We sincerely congratiilate it with
this revivement, the struggle had since long begun in several
of the most honourable manufacturers, and it would be strange
indeed if the German industry, which has on so many occa-
sions beaten that of America, would not end in becoming
wholly master of the interior market.

THE ART OF ECONOMY.

The art of economy consists chiefly in knowing how to draw
the line between thrift and niggardliness, for there is a point
beyond which that safeguard of all business enterprises, econo-
my, becomes a detriment and a drawback. Economy, in the
proper sense of the word, means a frugal and judicious use of
money, and should by no means be confounded with parsimony,
which implies an improper saving of expense, although there
are many in the sewing trades, in various capacities, who do
not appear to know the difference.

To exercise judicious economy on a salary account requires
the nicest judgment, and it is in this department that econo-
mists are apt to try to effect the most saving. Compensation
should be graded in proportion to the value of the work per-
formed. Care should be taken that the just and reasonable
expectations of employes are complied with — which will create
contentment, and contented workers always exert themselves
to perform better work than if they are laboirring under the
conviction that their services are underpaid. To pay extrava-
gant salaries, on the other hand, to privileged persons, who
neither do enough work, nor work of sufficient importance to
earn them, is more egregious folly than to economise too
closely. Evei^ man who diaws money out of a business, as an
employe on salary, should earn it to the last sixpence ; if he
does not, he is merely a pensioner upon the business and a dead
weight upon its progi ess. The surest way to economise upon
a salary account is to pay all equitably, even liberally, and to
make them earn their money.

To try to economise in the factory at the expense of the
quality of material is so absurd a species of saving that it would
be a misnomer to style it economy at all. What " economy "
is there in using a cheap quality of metal which makes such
poor castings that the parts never fit together when brought to
the adjusting room, and have to be all worked over before
they can be made to "do?" ("do" the unfortunate buyer. )
Like bad pennies, machines made in this way eventually find
their way back upon the manufacturer's hands, after having
made a host of warm friends wherever they have been seen and
tested, and gained a brilliant reputation for the company
whose imprint they bear. To dress machines up in pine wood-
work that has been gone over with a jackplane and a chisel,
with nice, wide, roomy joints, and glossed over with a little
inexpensive varnish, and to touch up the non-working parts
with a little cheap japan that is "warranted not to crack,"
are points which should not be overlooked by a factory super-
intendent who desires to make a reputation as a strict econo-
mist, and who thinks he can keep better in the good graces of
his employers by clinging tenaciously to the doctrine of " econo-
my first, quality afterwards," than ho can by adding a trifle to
his monthly bills and trusting to the superiority of the machines
he turns out to more than make up the difference in the open
market by virtue of their supeiiority. The secret of economy
in the factories is to buy good material for cash and at the
lowest market rates, to employ good workmen, who will spoil
as little work as possible, and never to allow machines to be
patched up. The factory superintendent who adheres to these

three cardinal principles, takes care to have the factory fitted
with the latest lalour-saving machinery, and gets the utmost
possible good work out of the fewest possible good workmen,
can run a factory economically and successfully.

Those who pride themselves on their economy should not
blindly infer that " a penny saved is a penny gained " in all
instances. Let them first make sure that the pemty they believe
to have been " gained " has not been saved at the sacrifice of a
peimysworth somewhere. To call a savmg made in this way a
' ' gain ' ' would be to imitate very closely the logic of the Irish-
man, whose bed-quilt was too short to cover his feet, so he pro-
posed to eke it out by stitching on a piece cut from the top !
If a saving can be made without any corresponding loss it is
true economy. If in a set of a hundred workmen one can be
discharged and his work distributed among the remaining
ninety -nine without perceptible decrease in the amount of work
done or the efficiency with which it has been executed, a
genuine and wholesome economy has been exercised, and there
is an absolute gain. If ninety-nine dollars. can be made to
have the same purchasing power that a hundred had before,
the dollar saved is as good as a dollar earned. A close study
of economy of this description is worthy the attention of com-
pany ofiioers. They will acknowledge that they practice
economy, but they have not all got the ingenuousness to con-
fess that the more they economise the less they seem to make.
Why ? Because their so-called economies are backed somewhere
by a corresponding loss. — Sewing Machine News.

BUTTON-HOLE ATTACHMENT EOS SEWING
MACHINES.

The Button-hole Attachment, exhibited at the late Domestic
Exhibition, London, by the inventors, Messrs. Hitch man and
Felton, was patented (2471) in December, 1878. Since that
time many of the Attachments have been made and put into
practical use by large manufacturers of shirts, collars, &,c., who
testify as to the value of the machine, both as regards the
quality and quantity of the work turned out, and as to the
great saving of time and labour effected. The patentees apply
their invention to all descriptions of sewing machines — that
we have seen is fitted to a Thomas, which is, as is well-known,
the favourite machine of the collar and shirt manufacturer.
The Attachment wUl, however, work equally well on cloth as
on calico or linen, and is therefore suited also for costume and
mantle manufacturers and makers of ready-made clothing.
For leather work the machine makes a beautiful stitch, and as
it makes the button-hole complete, from beginning to finish,
automatically, and about ten times as fast as any machine we
have seen, it will without doubt be in great demand by boot
and shoe manufacturers.

The invention consists in the construction of an improved
button-hole attachment applicable to any ordinary sewing
machine, the object of the improvements being simplicity of
construction and operation and automatic action, the "barr-
ing " of the button-hole being effected in a better mannarthan
_ hitherto, and without it being necessary to shift the material
or any part of the machine. Another advantage of the im-
proved attachment is, that it can be easily and quickly re-
moved from or applied to a sewing machine, thus enabling the
machine to be employed either for ordinary sewing purposes or
for button-hole work. In carrying out the invention, a metal
frame is employed provided with suitable brackets and screws
for allowing it to be attached to the bed of a sewing machine.
In the back part of this frame works a driving shaft driven by
bevil gearing from the main shaft of the s'ewing machine. The
free end of the driving shaft is provided with or formed into a
double throw cam, which gives motion to a V-.vev operating a
pawl-disc motion communicating an intermittent motion to a
barrel cam shaft, the cam of which gives a to-and-fro motion
to a lever which communicates a longitudinal motion to a
sliding plate carrying the clamping plate ; the said barrel cam
shaft also carries a lifting cam for raising a lever, which lever,
in its turn, lifts a spring bolt working in a stalk slide driven
by a cam on the driving shaft. The said spring bolt moves in
a slot in the clamping plate and is shouldered on both sides,
so as to give a to-and-fro motion to the clamping plate to form
the stitches on each edge of the button-hole, the bar of the

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

July 1, 1881.

button-hole being formed by the bolt rising or falling, as the
case may be, so as to cause the clamping plate to travel
through a greater distance than is required for the single stitch
for the edges of the button-hole. The cam is provided with a
"dwell" at each end, allowing the sliding plate to rest while
the bar is being formed, and prior to the return motion to form
the opposite edge of the button-hole. The length of the button-
hole is regTilated by means of an adjusting screw or other suit-
able arrangement, which increases or diminishes the stroke of
the lever operating the sliding plate. A fine or coarse stitch
is produced by means of a suitable stitch regulator. The cloth
or material to be operated upon is held on the clamping plate
by any suitable known arrangement.

We understand that the manufacturers purpose to introduce
these attachments to the trade generally, and if they do so at
a reasonable price, we have no doubt, but that very large
results in the way of sales will follow.

IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR WASHING,
WRINGING AND MANGLING MACHINES.

Mr. Henry Leach Wilson and Mr. John Clegg, of Atlas
Works, Olayton-le-Moors, Lancashire, have obtained Letters
Patent for the above improvements. This invention relates
to improvements in springs constructed in such manner as to
require less metal and to distribute the strain on the top i-ail.
Springs constructed according to this invention consist of two
or more layers of the length of the completed spring ; these
are so bent as to form two or double bows, upon each of which
are shorter layers and bearing pieces, which, when the spriag
is in use, bear against the under side of the tof) cross rail of
the machine. The spindle of the adjusting screw is- attached
to the spring at a point between the two bows, and in apply-
ing the spring the spindle is by screw and pressure wheel
raised in contradistinction to being screwed down ; the raising
of spiudle, as referred to, puts the pressure upon the necks of
the rollers as required,

" AT HOME."

Some years ago all the varied uses of the words " at home "
were intended to convey an idea of simplicity ; of the absence
of ceremonial restraints' ; of all that was aasy and natural in
our daily life. The adjective " homely " conveyed the idea of
something rather rustic and devoid of social brilliancy — it
still does so. Why, then, do we find the expression " at home "
applied to the largest and most brilliant receptions ? Who is
" at home " on these occasions? Not the hostess, unless we
narrow the meaning of the words down to the designation of
the four walls within which she habitually sleeps and takes
her meals. Neither her dress nor her demeanour convey the
smallest impression of her being " at home," as we Lave been
used to understand the words. Not the guests, whose presence,
while supposed to constitute, actually destroys, the meaning
of the term. " Make yourself at home " was a phrase often
employed by old-fashioned hosts to their few-, but welcome
visitors. Nobody goes through such a shallow pretence as
this at a modem " at home." Tou are not expected and you
are not wanted to do so. You are received in the hall by a
retainer, who may or may not be " at home," but who very
likely applies thst sacred term to a greengrocer's shop round
the comer. Tou mount slowly a crowded staircase, and you
make your way at last to the drawing-rooms. Here you find
your hostess (if such a term may be used with reference to the
mistress of the house on such occasions) illustrating how much
" at home " she feels by standing at the door, either fatiguing
herself with endeavouring to identify the different people who
squeeze slowly past, or abfindoning the attempit altogether,
and contenting herself with giving the same mechanical
greeting to each. When you have achieved an entrance, the
employment of your. e\ening is problematical. Sometimes
people give these entertainments that their f liends may dance,
in which case it is difficult to see why they should not be called
baljs. Sometimes conversation is the only amusement offered,
and in that case a people to whom such gatherings are the

most frequent form of what we call " society" has supplied us
with the word conversazione. A very frequent, perhaps the
most frequent, amiisement offered to gTiests on these occasions
is what is called " a little music." Then, indeed, the misnomer
is more exasperating than at any other time. A little music,
when you are really " at home," usually means one of three
things — a gentle slumber, an agreeable conversation, or a quiet
hour- with a book or newspaper. To either of these, music is
a pleasant and imobtrusive accompaniment ; and a performer
"at home," who probably plays as much for her own amuse-
ment as for yours, is quite content with that view of it, and is
more than satisfied, if such an appreciative criticism as a con-
descending— " That's rather a pretty thing ; what do you call
it .''" crowns her efforts. But a musical " at home," in the
socially conventional acceptance of the term ! To begin with,
these terrible entertainments are generally held in the after-
noon, and gentlemen, to cari-y on the fiction of a casual call,
are embarrassed with their hats during the whole time of their
stay ; and ladies sit in a crowded drawing-room for a couple
of hours on a June afternoon in theii- out-of-door toilettes.
The music, at the present day, is often very good, and such as
one would enjoy thoroughly with suitable surroundings ; but
this is by no means invariably the case, although you must
behave as if it were ; you must not talk, though your neigh-
bour be charming, and the music detestable ; if you doze —
which, in the heat, you are likely to feel tempted to do when
the music is soothing — you are a Goth and a Vandal ; and you
cannot read, because the only available literature is probably
your programme. The mistress of the house, who has organised
this concert gratis for the amusement of her friends, knows
that they will be more critical than if they had honestly paid
for their tickets ; for in that case people like to convince
themselves that then- expenditure has not been a mistake ;
she knows the perfoi-mers are being annoyed by people who
come late and people who go early, but she has not called it a
private concert; she prefers the vague title of a musical "at
home," and, consequently, must retain the outward appear-
ance of a gracious hostess to both. The same principle under-
lies all the varied forms of entertainment to which the same
inappropriate name is given. Sometimes you do one thing,
and sometimes another; but whatever you do you never are,
and you are never expected to be, for a single moment "at
home." It is probable that your card of invitation has not
contained the shadow of any pretence that your society will
give pleasure to the persons who seek it, and who content
themselves by baldly stating that they wiU be " at home " on
such and such a day and hour. Let it be understood that we
are not objecting to these entertaunnents themselves, but to
the name by which they are called. — Olole.

A CONFESSION.

I saw your trailing drapery.

As you gazed along the grapery.

Do you remember what you saidp

And your cheeks — how very red !

For you said— ah ! Yes you did —

Tou said " I love " — confess the fib —

(Blessings on your little head ;)

" I love sweet grapes " is what you said.
Under the influence of a spring evening, moonshine, and
other romantic surroundings, a boating man was led on to ask
a pretty, but somewhat strong-minded young lady, to "row
in the same boat with him for life." "On one condition,"
she answered, promptly, " and that is — I steer."

Akabella (on her toes in a chair, clutching convulsively at
her skirts) — " Qh, Bridget ! A mouse ! A mouse ! Come and
catch it, quick I" Bridget— " Shure, mum, there's no hurry.
If this one gets away I can catch plenty more for ye, mum."

" Well, what do you want here ? " remarked Mr. Smith, as
he sat up in bed and addressed a professional burglar, who
stood in front of the bureau. " I want money and bonds,"
hissed the barglar through his clenched teeth, " and quick
about it, too." "My friend," retorJ;ed Smith, "I have been
looking for those things for the last twenty years without
success ; but go on with your burglary, I'm sleepy."

JCLT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Liquidations bt Arranoemint.

Elkington, Williamj Monmore- green and Upper ViUiers-street,
Blakenliall, Wolverbampton, naanufaoturer of waBhere. May 24.

Hammond, Micliael Sanderson^ Hamlet-terrace, Norwood, iron-
monger. May 25.

Hardaker, William, Livingstone-street, Great Horton, and Port-
land-street, Manchester-road, Bradford, Jacquard machine
maker. May 26.

Hodges, Henry Samuel, Lower Union-street, Bristol, furniture
dealer. June 1.

Worsley, Walter, HocklifEe-street, Leighton Buzzard, Beds, iron-
monger. June 1.

Firth, James, Sowerby Bridge, Halifax, ironmonger. June 8.

Webb, Walter, Well-street, South Hackney, ironmonger.
June 9.

Hall, John Samuel, Bath-street, City-road, furnishing ironmonger
and cutler. June 25.

Wilkins, Benjamin, Oxton-road, Birkenhead, ironmonger.
June 23.

Bills of Sale.

Barnes, Stephen Robert, 157, High-street, Battersea, foreman and
sewing machine agent ; ^£16, &c. In favour of John Fooks. Piled
May 27.

Baverstock, George, Salisbury-street, Blandford, Dorset, iron-
monger ; ^670. In favour of Solomon Blaiberg. Piled May 23.

Buncombe, John Clarke, Bruton, Somerset, ironmonger ;
^£780 lis. lid. In favour of Asenath Buncombe. Piled May 23.

Hasjelhurst, Joseph, 88, Westfield-street, St. Helens, Lane. ;
jE40, &c. In favour of City and County Pinanee Co. Filed May 25.

Hodges, Henry Samuel, 51, Lower Union-street, Bristol, furniture
dealer; iE67, &c. In favour of Walter J.Nicholas. Filed May
25.

MuUord, George, 5, Albion-terrace, Churchfield-road, Acton, iron-
monger and china dealer ; £65, &c. In favour of Imperial
Deposit Bank. Filed May 25.

Hill, George Conlson, Saint Saviourgate, York, ironmonger ; ^650,
&c. In favour of Wm. Oxlade. Filed May 31.

Hunter, George, 29,.St. George's-hill, Everton, Liverpool, wholesale
ironmonger In favour of Josiah Parkes & Sons. Filed

June 1.

Jordan, Josephus Herbert, Eccleston House, Prescott-road, and
19, Church-street, St. Helens, Lancashire, ironmonger j .£500. In
favour of Henry Hodgkins. Filed May 30.

Palmer, Arthur, 8, Framland-streei, Leicester, sewing machinist
and gasfitter; .£16, &c. In favour of Solomon Barnett. Filed
May 30.

Portsmouth, Albert Basingstoke, Hants, ironmonger, wEl,008 8s. 8d.
In favour of Mary Portsmouth. Filed June 1.

Westley, Horace, 93, Gloucester-road, Brighton, dealer in musical
instruments and sewing machines ; ^£20, &c. In favour of Joseph
Hall. Filed June 1.

Dix, Joseph, Church-street, High Wycombe, Bucks, ironmonger ;
.£2,252 7s. 4d. Absolute sale. In favour of Fred. T. Westfield
and another. Fie 1 June 4.

Foord, James, 276, Portobello-road, Notting-hill, ironmonger ; ^£35,
&c. In favour of James Jelley. Piled June 13.

Hays, James Boston, High-street, Cradley Heath, Staffs., and the
Horse Fair, Kidderminster, Worcestershire, dealer in washing
machines, &e., .£260, &c. In favour of Midland Credit Co. Piled
June 13.

Sharman, William, 30, Bute-street, Cardiff, ironmonger, &c. ;
£155, &c. In favour of Esau Field. Piled June 17.

Weighell, James, Northallerton, Torks., machine maker; ^£27 10s.,
&c. In favour of Abraham Levy. Piled June 18.

Dissolutions of Partnership.

Davis and Marks, 216, Old-street, St. Luke's, furniture manufac-
turers. May 23.

Jenkins Bros., Winchester-street and Endless-street, Salisbury,
furnishing ironmongers. April 26.

Saul and Hedden, Lymington, ironmongers. April 9. Debts by

George Frederick Saul.
Stuchbery and Thompson, Maidenhead, grocers and ironmongers.

April 5. Debts by Nathan Curtis Thompson.
Dancy and Marshall, Eegent-street, New Swindon, ii-onmongers

and drapers. June 18.

County Court Judgments.
Davies, Joseph, 3, Canning-terrace, Lower Addiscombe-road,

Croydon, ironmonger ; X12 143. April 28.
Qra,\ , K. O., Berwick-on-Tweed, Northumberland, ironmonger;

,£10 153. lid. April 29.
Hu'jt, Henry, 3, Peas-hill, Cambridge, ironmonger; ^£11 9s. 5d.

April 12.
I-arson and Buckley, 14, Tabernacle-square, Finsbury, iron-
monger; ,£14 2s. 8d. April 20.
Roberts, Thomas, Dolgelley, Merionethshire, ironmonger;

,£10 12s. 4d. Apiil 26.
Stacey, George, Frimley, Surrey, machinist; ^£22 14s. 3d. April 20.
Swain, — , Stanley-street, Liverpool, ironmonger; .£16 Is. 2d.

April 14.
Webb, Walter, 172, Wells-street, Hackney, ironmonger ; ^£18 8s. 7d.

April 22.
Miles, T. W., 7, MiU House, Brentford, ironmonger; ^£14 78. 4d.

April 28.
Smith, Henry M., St. Ann's Well-road, Nottingham, furniture

dealer ; ,£11 Os. 4d. April 28.
Hore, S., Walcot-street, Bath, ironmonger ; i£12 13s. 7d. May 7.
Cheetham, James, Richmond-road, Liverpool, ironmonger ;

j£15 7s. 6d. May 6.
Pescud, A. W., Henley, Oxon, ironmonger; del2 5s. 8d. May 7.
Vicary, P., 41, Hawkesley-road, Stoke Newington, ironmonger

^26 133. 6d. May 2.

THE HOWE TRICXCLES.

Since noticing these fine machines, various great improve-
menta have been added that tend to make a perfect tricycle.
Fii-st, the steei-ing gear is much simplified, instead of the usual
handle to be turned around in the required direction, wanting
great strength of wrist to use it well, the company have
adapted a simple handle working like a lever to and fro, which
by means of cogs or ratchets move the hinder wheel as
required, the handle filing itself automatically when the hinder
or guiding wheel is quite straight. It works easily, everyone
who tries it being strong in their praise of it. Tlas will be a
great selling point for the Howe tricycle. On either side of
the rider, level with bis hands, are fixed in a most convenient
position upright support handles. The advantages of this
arrangement may be felt at once on mounting the machine.
Another improvement is that the hubs are widened, giving
greater strength to the wheels, but so arranged as not to
increase the width of the machine, and, as well as the spokes
are nickel plated. The oilers for the hubs are dustproof, a very
ingenious contrivance of a spring imder a ball pressing against
the oil nole of the oiler being used for the purpose on aU the
beai-ings of this machine. The Howe Tricycles are supplied
either with a saddle or a cushioned seat both mounted on
springs, and made adjustable to suit any rider. As we have
aforetime stated, the Howe Company's machines are made from
the best materials only, from the rubber of the tyres to the
smallest nut, so that buyers looking out for really fii-st-class
tricycles should see those manufactured by the Howe Company
before filling their indents.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Perambulators with Bicycle Wheels.

Largest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand

Machines.

SMITHFORD STREET, COVENTRY.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

July 1, 1881.

ICE, KB1ISLB7 k 00.,

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOE

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OF NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Look-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, iiever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running ''Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family use.

o e< .2
_ '-3 >< --a

j3 n r* fc

.9 SH o

» ?^ .-1 rt

// zi a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a life-
time, and NEVER fcets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OP WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clark and Co.),

Knsbury Circus, LOKDOK, E.C.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUFACTUHEK OP

B, noy<, L.„e,-sPa,en, ' BICYCLE MATERIALS
Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OP WOOLLEY'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING-
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLEYS PATENT SADDLES! He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel tha
slightest of the rough roads."

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

WONDERFUL INVENTION IN SEWING MACHINES.
— A partner is wanted to introduce a lock-stitch sewing
machine, made without spool or shuttle, taking the cotton
direct from the reels. — Address, G. Early, Greycourfc-place,
Westminster.

€\)t Iming %\[t^m (iiijette

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ALL English speaking sewing machine manufacturers and
dealers had better look out. La Machine a Goudre, a
journal printed somewhere in the wilds of Holland,
partly in French, partly in German, and partly in English,
gives in its last issue the alarming intelligence that a new
alliance has recently been formed in Germany, having for its
object nothing less than the utter annihilation of everybody
engaged in the sewing machine trade except its own members.
We produce in another column the English (sic) version of the
manifesta of the Concordia. We have waded very carefully
through this choice piece of composition, endeavouring to find
out what means the Concordia people intend to adopt for
carrjdng out their programme, and we find that they intend to
" oppose worthy and motivated declarations ngainst humbug
and worthlessness," and they intend further to " disperse
millions of circulars among the masses that the man of the
people may be sure no longer to be cheated in getting an
inferior American machine instead of a superior German one."
They also intend to fight against "American humbug and
unworthy concurrence," whatever that may mean. They fur-
ther assure us the publication of their programme " has bril-
liantly put to light the force of justice and truth," and
"produced such a sensation as no industrial article has still
yet ever produced." We should think so. He must have been
a very clever fellow who drew up the programme of the Con-
cordia, and another equally clever fellow must have translated
it into English. Here, for example, is a sentence enough to

JULT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

make Lindley Murray's hair stand on end if he were alive to
read it. " It is an untenable and unsupportable situation, that
the German industrials of this branch did not only march
separately, but also separately combat the great American
antagonists. It was very natural that in this manner they
could but succumb, as what is generally known the American
companies have large reclaim funds at their disposal." What
■we suppose they really mean is that the German manufacturers
intend to combine together for the purpose of pushing the
trade in machines of their own manufacture ; this is aU fair
enough so long as they are content to sell their goods for what
they are. But if English and Ameriean machines are as worth-
less as the Concordia people pretend, why on earth do they
want to imitate them, steal their names of trade reputation in
the way they do ? If the Concordia will only teach German
manufacturers a little common honesty we shall be glad, and,
by way of encouragement to all those who feel disposed to join
its ranks, we notice that by rule XII "Every member has a
right to as much copies as he wishes from the imprintings of
the society at the original price, and a contant for particular
ends, and may require additionses." We should think after
this every reader of our journal will at once subscribe to the
Concordia.

A TERv curious and interesting document has recently reached
us through the post, emanating from the " County Court of
Lancaster, holden at Manchester," in the mattei of James
Macdonald McKenzie, of 122, Market-street, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, sewing machine dealer, a bankrupt.
This document informs us that a first and final dividend of
twopence in the pound has at last been declared in the
matter, and that the same can be transmitted, less the cost of
remittance, upon the exhibition of all bills of exchange or
other negotiable securities held by the creditor, so that if our
debt had happened to be say £20, we should be entitled to
receive of the estate, after the cost of proving the debt — say
2s. 6d. — and the cost of remitting the money — say 2d. more —
exactly eightpence, in the shape of a first and final dividend,
or something less than one halfpenny in the pound, and if our
debt happened to be less than £20 it would not be worth
proving at all, as the cost of proof would be greater than the
dividend. Somebody is clearly to blame in a case of this sort.
Mr. McKenzie, if we remember rightly, is a sevsdng machine
agent, occupying commanding premises at a very high rental
in Manchester. Honest and industrious we believe him to
be, but the time? were bad, the easj' payment system demanded
more capital than Mr. McKenzie could command, and, like a
good many more, he had to go to the wall. But we believe
there was on the whole a good esti^te, and the question arises—
What has become of it ? After nearly three years the trustee
announces that all he has for the creditors is a beggarly two-
pence in the pound, and one naturally inquires where the
balance has gone. It is just the old story over again. The
creditors quarrelled amongst themselves, and the lawyers very
kindly stepped in and put the proceeds into their own pockets.
This thing is constantly happening, and it is high time that
we had such a reform of our Bankruptcy Laws as would render
the squandering of estates impossible.

We hav3 just had submitted to us for inspection a new sewing
machine, made by Mr. Early, of Greycourt-place, West-
minster. The machine works direct from the reels of cotton,
neither shuttle or spool being employed — thus a great saving
of time is effected which is always necessarily consumed in
filling the shuttle or spool. The machine makes a firm, strong

look-stitch, and travels at the rate of an ordinary look-stitch
machine. The mechanism is very simple, and the inventor
informs us that he can make the machine at a very low figure.
He is a poor man, and, as will be seen by an advertisement in
this journal, desires either a partner or capital.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.

ROTARY SHUTTLE SEWING MACHINE.
The quickest sewing machine extant is the newly-invented
Rotary Shuttle Sewing Machine, an illustration of which we
give as this month's Supplement. The patentees of this
machine, Messrs. Bradbury and Co., Oldham, have just intro-
duced it to the trade, and we think the following extract from
the Oldham Chronicle may prove interesting to our readers : —

" The marvellous advance which has been made in the
application of the sewing machine is one of the surprises of
the age. In scarcely any other domain of industry has there
been a parallel to such progress, and, we might almost add, to
such achievements. One sewing machine will accomplish the
work of a score of women with the hand, and do it as well,
too, if the best kind of machine is employed. That is the
question — if the best kind of machine is employed. People
interested in the manufacture of wearing apparel would
doubtless be inclined to ask where can the best machine be
found. Of course, there is an immense variety of sewing
machines before the world, all having their admirers and
customers ; but, for the specific purpose of giving a good and
enduring stitch, together with rapidity of work, there has yet
some progress to be made. In order ihat our readers may
f uUy understand the question which is agitating the sewing
machine world, and which must one way or another aifect
them, we may state that there is what is called the Wilcox
and Gibbs' ' Chain-stitch ' Machine and the ' Lock-stitch '
Machine. The chain-stitch is a mere running stitch, which
may be said to simply hold the cloth together. Once the
thread is started from the material you can pull it out as
easily as you can unravel some of those ' puzzle knots ' which
amuse the rising generation. Of course, ladies have no high
appreciation of garments made in this way, and they naturally
call for a more endurable kind of workmanship. The lock-
stitch is of a far different character to the chain-stitch. It is
even more stable and durable than the stitch done by hand,
for this reason — in hand sewing there is no ' lock ' on the
under side of the cloth like that in the stitch produced by the
machine, so that really mechanical sewing is doubly binding
and secure. A person cannot pull the thread out at pleasure,
because each stitch is securely locked and laced into the
material. The superiority of one class of workmanship over
the other is, therefore, so obvious that it need scarcely be
pointed out. But the difiioulty which those ingenious people,
the manufacturers of sewing machines, have had before them
is to make a lock-stitch machine that will get through, not as
much work, for that would be impossible, but nearly as much
work as- the Wilcox and Gibbs' Chain-stitch machine. As a
matter of fact, until within a recent period, when a patent
was taken out by Messrs. Bradbury and Co., sewing machine
makers, Wellington Works, Oldham, for a new lock-stitch
sewing machine (of which we shall speak hereafter, no lock-
stitch sewing machine could run half the number of stitches
per minute as the Wilcox and Gibbs' Chain-stitch machine.
Nor need this be much marvelled at. The lock-stitch machine
has to manipulate two threads, whilst the Wilcox and Gibbs'
Chain-stitch Machine finds itself occupied with only one thread.
In short, whilst the Wilcox and Gibbs' Chain-stitch Machine
has attained the speed of 2,600 stitches per minute, no lock-
stitch machine constructed up to the time of Messrs. Bradbury
and Company's patent had attained a higher speed than 1,200
stitches per minute. This disparity in the number of stitches
— 1,400 — means, of course, more than double the price of labour
to the manufacturer— a consideration which might well make
him pause in calculating the cost of production. The next
question that will occur to our readers is how has this great

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JlTLT 1, 1881.

speed been obtained in a lock-stitch sewing machine ? Well,
the patentees have solved in a most satisfactory manner a pro-
blem which has puzzled sewing machine manufacturers on
both sides of the Atlantic for many years. They have intro-
duced a rotaiy shuttle, which easily allows of this great speed,
and even higher, for we know that a large manufacturer in
Manchester, who has six of these machines at work, has run
the machines to the high maximum of 2,100 stitches per
minute. The rotary shuttle was attempted some sixteen years
ago, but was a pronounced failure. Happily it is now, after
much labour, investigation, and pains on the part of the
patentees, a great success. The old machines, which have a
reciprocating motion, could not be woi'ked at a higher speed
than 1,200 stitches per minute without the risk of breaking the
machine. This we have from a manufacturer who has both
the new and the old machines on his premises. The
peculiarity of the rotary shuttle is that it is varying
in motion, which is obtained by an ingenious arrangement
in the pitman rod. This varying motion is as perfect a piece
of clever mechanism as can be conceived, and shows how
human skill can reproduce it in mechanical appliances a nicety
of an'angement and calculation which may be said to belong
exclusively to the human hand directed and controlled by the
human understanding. We doubt not but that this invention
will lead to a revolution in the lock-stitch sewing machine, and
a revolution, too, that will be highly beneficial to the public,
for will not they partake of the benefits of cheapened clothing
through the agency of this marvellous appliance ? On Monday
afternoon we had the satisfaction and pleasure of witnessing
these machines at work in two establishments in Manchester.
In one place three machines bad been laid down, and in the
other six, all driven by steam power. In one establishment
we obtained the opinion of the workman, in the other that of
the employer himself, so that we might be doubly satisfied on
the point of its capacity and its claims to superiority over the
old style of lock-stitch machine. The workman (who told us he
had had twenty years' experience in all kinds of sewing
machines, and in establishments all over the country) candidly
declared that it was by far the " best machine going, " and
that it must supersede all others. The spontaneous opinion of
an intelligent and experienced workman may be accepted as ft
flattering proof of the excellence of the contrivance, and fully
demonstrates that amongst practical people it is accepted as
the desideratum long looked for — viz., a lock-stitch machine
which would approach in speed the Wilcox and Gibbs Chain-
stitch Machine. We saw samples of work executed by the
machine, and, of course, they left nothing to be desired as to
appearance, neatness, and durability. By the indicator the
machine was running at the minimum rate of 1,900 stitches per
minute. In the next establishment the machine, in full work,
was seen to better advantage. It was running at a greater
rate of speed, over 2,000 stitches per minute, whereas the
master informed us that the greatest speed attainable from the
other lock-stitch machines in his establishment was 1,200
stitches per minute ; that, in fact, he dare not run them above
this speed lest that should break down. In this instance there
was the opinion of the proprietor of the establishment — a gen-
tleman who had running some 250 machines, most of them by
steam power. In addition to the greater amount of work per-
formed— nine hundred stitches per minute — we were informed
that the rotary lock-stitch machine was far more durable, that
it had been running for twelve weeks, and seemed to be no
worse for all this usage. The strain upon a machine running
over 2,000 stitches per minute must be very great, and yet the
rotary machine — so excellent is the material and workmanship
— is speeded to this high pitch, and lasts .twice as long as the
ordinary machine. In this large establishment the machine
was giving every satisfaction, and answered more than expec-
tation."

This machine can be used for sewing all kinds of light leather
work, and its marvellous rapidity will prove a boon to manu-
facturers.

It is said that there are two kinds of girls — one is the kind
men like to flirt with, and the other is the kind men like to
marry.

APPARATUS FOE, CLEANING AND POLISHING
BOOTS AND SHOES.

Mr. Charles Mattison of Hammersmith has obtained pro-
visional protection for improvements in the above. The
invention consists in a stand or platform fitted with a hinged
last or lasts, which can be adjustable in their sizes, or various
sizes can be placed in position. The boot or shoe to be
cleaned is placed on this platform with the last inside, and
held in position by a cramp or otherwise. By throwing back
the last on its hinge the foot with the boot on can be placed on
the platform and the cleaning then performed. A lever
is arranged swivelling on a centre underneath the platform
and furnished with removable curved brushes, the distance
between which can be adjusted to suit the size of the boot or
shoe to be cleaned. One of these brushes operates on each
side of the boot or shoe by having a reciprocating movement
(analogous to hand brushing) imparted to it by a pin crank, or
other device, from the main shaft. This shaft actuates by
mitre, friction wheels, or their equivalent, a rotating brush
pivoted on a horizontal axis which cleans the " upper " or
front part of the boot or shoe. A standard carrying a driving
wheel is fitted to the stand, and this wheel actuates the main
shaft by an endless belt or other device, the relative 'sizes of
the pulleys being advantageously 3 to 1. The various brushes
can be made removable to allow of the difi^erent operations of
brushing, blacking, and polishing, or a rotary blacking brush
may be used to be held by a handle and operated by a flexible
shaft from the main axle so as to be applied to every part of
the boot or shoe on the last or stand. To assist in polishing
more quickly, the inventor fits a small fan actuated from the
main shaft, which can be heated by a small lamp, or otherwise,
and furnished with a pipe and mouthpiece, so that warm air
can be blown on the boot or shoe after the blacking is put on.
This will materially shorten the time of polishing when large
numbers of boots have to be polished. The speed of the fan
and quantity of air are readily adjustable, and the fan or the
sets of brushes are arranged to be thrown in and out of gear
as required.

OBITUARY,

We regret to have to announce the death of Mr. John
Howard, who has acted for the last twelve years as the agent
of the Howe Sewing Machine Co., at Blackburn. Mr. Howard
was well known and much respected by all sewing machine
dealers in the North of England. He was a most indefatig-
able man of business, and we should think his loss will be
greatly felt by the company. He died on the 6th ult., in the
o6th year of his age.

A "Manufacturing Firm" has picked a hole in the postal
system, which they have, with pardonable pride, communi-
cated to a daUy contemporary. In the course of their business
the firm needed to post several thousand samples of an article
of their manufacture. The postage on each of these parcels
would be twopence in this country, owing to the lack of a
parcel-post, but the firm found out that the postage was only
ten centimes each when posted in Belgium for delivery here.
Natm-ally they adopted the cheaper course, so that our Post
Oflice delivered for about one-third of a penny — its share of
the postage — what they could readily charge a penny for, and
far more easily deliver if posted here.

A Nevada girl's love letter — " Dear Jimmy, it's aU up. We
ain't going to get married. Ma says you're too rough, and I
guess she's right. I'm sorry— but can't you go to Europe and
get filed down ?"

" Lex us play we were married," said little Edith, " and I
will bring my dolly, and say : ' See Baby, Papa.' " " Yes,"
replied Johnny ; " and I will say : ' Don't bother me now. I
want to look through the paper.' " Children have strange
ideas of grown folks' ways ; now, don't they ?

July 1, 1881

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

((

The Coventry Triumph" Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON, ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE '^ EXPRESS" BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

THE LARGEST

EWINK

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

ITTINKS

Warehouse.

Machine " Belt" i W 3 Oil

Manufacturers, ^f ^^ Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.C.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &g.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

PHce Li^s Fr^ee. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMI^N^GHAM.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOR FAMILY U E
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

zpiaiCES.

No.

- £1 10

- 2 2

- 2 10

iberal Discount to the

Trade.

For Illustrated List apply to Makers,

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,

93, IIIC3-H: HOLBOE/IT, LOITIDOIT

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

July 1, 1881.

JUSTIN BROWNE

H =•

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNT! can refer to customers whom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of -whom hava
CKprtssed the greatest satisfaction, and renewed theu- orders. His prices will be found to he extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soimduess and durability is studied, the reason of the
difference being that iu their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Booms, Advertising, &c., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not iuoiu- ; having only Factory expenses, iie lan offer an equally good iostrument at a much lower figurSi

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

lANOFORTE MANUFACTURER,

237 & 339, EUSTON BOAT), LONDON. ENGLAND.

■JntT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

it
33

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator. Will start at a moment's notice.

Power.
One Man

Price.

uneivian *'^ ^ n

One-and-a-half Man It n 0

Two Man S o 0

FouiMan 60 0 u

W
W

W
H
<

PL,
W

C/3.

o
;5

2
o

H
W

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18. Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

THE

IPEEI^ILESS

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

■^

'::^

■la
5»

ft «

ft "^ J

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY&CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

J^ Q- EITTS "W-A.nsr T E 3D .

►a

3 2

.rfr

n>
H

OILS.

IMPERIAL SEWING MACHINE,

111 I to 6 oz. Bottles.
CEYSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBEICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
" SOLAR " BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINEEY OILS,

As consigned to us by tlie druni or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES-

OIL CANS, SCEEW-DEIVEES, NEEDLES,
EITBBEES, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for tbe HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TUEING Co. Manufacturers of the " WALKEE

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFORD IQJITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists ob Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO.,

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s,, OB -WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

J- Does the Fortnight's family

Wash in Four Hoiirs, -vvithQut rub-
bing OR BOILING, as certified by
thousands of delig^hted purchasers
It is easy to work, easily under
stood, sti-ongly made, durable, doe-
not injure the clothes, but reaUy
saves them ; and is the only "Wash-
ing- JMachine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecessary, and
saves five or six hoxu's of copper
firing each washing day. The Five,
Guinea " Villa" Washer possesses
tremendous washing power, and
"Will wash 15 dozen coUai"s and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkercliiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
horn- ; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
hour ; 3i dozen shirts per hour ; 1^
dozen sheets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, cm'tains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is xm.
pai-allelcd! Uliiatrated Prospectuses
and Export Quotations post free

HARPER TWELVETREES,

laitndsy engineek and machinist,

80, FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

MORE AGENTS \A/ANTED.

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's " Paragon "
Washing Machine.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC Ai>PLIANOES.

ivM i, ifesi.

CHAELES J. THURLOW,

M
02

o3
P.

39,

CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJ^CEESTEB

CO t

CO
CO

^J-

-=C 7

MAN

ERLI

-Jo

-=c

i«.

^
^

tj H ^B

I? 1 =^l

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
I)on1)le Sec-
tion Hollow
Bims, 18B.6d
per pair,

The

lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market,

The only macMne made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.E. Eacer is the liehtest and most rigid machine iu the world

List and Photo i Stamps. Illustrated I,ist of Bicycle Pittrngs atamn

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

INDIAETIBBEE BICYCLE and CAEEIAGE TYEES of every description kent
m stock, and supplied by return. Indiarubher Air Saddles, 7s. ed. post free
ell kinds of Bicyclo reguisites supplied iu the rough or finish. Uustrated Price
,.irt, 1 Stamp. Smith & Co., Indiaruhbcr MannfaotureiB.S?. Black nan-st,, London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTURBES OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium IVIacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPEOVEMENTS.

AliSO MANTrFAOTTTEEES OP THE

On the Wlieeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair.

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

o/ BVEEY DESGEIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa " LocTt-
stitch Sewing Machines, and Royal

Rink Roller Skates. ^

No, 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock- Stitch Sewing Machines from 27/ each.

10 INVENTOES. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. Be Foniainemoreau S{ Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBUBY, LONDON;

also at

Provisional Protection, £,1 ; Frenoh Patent, £1 ; Belgian, ^68;

German, £,W 10s. j United States, .£17 10s. Designs and Tradt

Marks Registered. Circular gratis on applioatiojv

Smr i, 1881 .

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 35

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the
Paris Exposiiion was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAK

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

A &EEAT VAEIETY OF MACHmERI

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTJNG,

RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self- Feeding Punches, Double and Single Fitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists.
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, WORSHIP STREET, LONDON, E.O

1 xau'

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTH AND JOURNAL OS* DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Jslt 1, 1881.

s:— COVENTRY.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKEES OF THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

BUIBAN HERBERT ftNOFU
MAKEB8.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

On the " D.H.F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

Hease send another large size " Cooper's Patent " Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Yours truly, W. Tatteespield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
•atisfaction. Yours truly, H. Eevell Eetnolds, jun.. Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.O.

E. K. Eevell Reynolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

All Oommunications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

JULT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6d.

Ib entirely SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or brushes. A current of boiling auda is
passed through and through the clothes, which are thus washed and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Full Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELYETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

fctrong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claapers, and other great improvements, hav«
maintained theii- supremacy for eighteen years as the '* Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
inslantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to ir©n or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes- Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
>'i] ate American Importations.

Prices : 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25 ., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch Rollers.

Harper Twelvetrees* Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21b.

Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HARPER TWELVETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT) (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all olh rs. it acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply maivellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary copper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water mads to boil, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Machine a' id is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECUEED BY
EOYAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVEBTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 1 7th of .Inly, page 68 : — " The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUR OP WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

214, Lichfield Boad, Aston, Birmingham.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCKS.

July 1, 1881.

ncoti FOR HEBQ

M
03

iffii kAiiiiSfiim^

W /-v H

w 5 ^ ^

&d ^ >

Kj o Q Q

O H O

O H Q H

H O ^ O

H J2| H !z{

O • H •

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLAC^,

BEING OF VERY StTPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESrABL/9"?D 1752.

No. 2 PEHFEOTIOir. Jackson's Patent.
12 Miles an Hour Obtainable.

Especially suited to Ladies. Price £16
Easy, Safe and G-raceful.

TIMMS ;& CO.,

EAST STREET WORKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUFACTURERS OF

TRICYCLES AND
BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

AND
PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

Illustrated I/ists on aji^lication.

Favourite Botary Action.

Compact and Neat.
Price £14 lis.

JniiT 1, 18S1.

THE SEWING MACHIKE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

B"2^ SI^EOI-A-IL. -A.I^I'OIXsrTJJ^EIsrT.

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

F.&J

XANDER&CO

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

OLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

GROFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON.

LONDON WAREHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords— Soft and Glace Cottons.

// v-r

SS!i-i^Ai,.

SUN

Best Quality.

Medium Quality.

STAR

Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprinciplei
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

JULT 1, 18S1.

Finlayson,Bonsfield&Go.'s

WAX
MACHINE THREADS

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

MACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE.

'-^^' N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and
Co., did not exhibit at the Paris
Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

DUBLIN,

1851;

1865.

^M^ ^BB^ I

NEAR

rliASGi

Priated for the Proprietors, and Published by them at 4, Ave Maria Lane, in the City o£ London.

0-3'3NVj AMMUJ 37JJIj'9/

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Vol. IX. No. 129.

AUGUST 1. 188L

Price, with Suisi^lement, 4d.

GILFORD.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

^^^ GILFORD, IRELAND,

"-^S^ Manufiicturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST*

Samples and Prices on Application.

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MID6LEY,

MANUPACTUBERS OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUIJ DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Pnce List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAIi WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 22 inches S.i lOs. Rollers with Brass Caps.

THE SEWESG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August I, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

County Court Business 19

Handsome Designs and Tasteful Ornamentation 20

Hints lor Commercial Travellers 20

Why the Mechanie Makes the Best Agent 21

The Age of Bicycling 21,22

Substances and Reagents Suitable for the Removal of Spots. . . . 22

Gazette 23

Leaders 24, 25

The Acme Button Fastener 26

The " Viaduct " Chronograph 26

Board of Trade Returns 26

Free Trade and Reciprocity 27, 28

Hints on Repairing the Sewing Machine 29

Abstract of Specifications 29

Patents 3°— 3^

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co ' ^

Devey, Joseph & Co 33

Hosier and Co ^3

Harrington & Co ,

HUlman, Herbert & Cooper 3°

Smith, Thomas & Sons

Surrey JIachinists Co 37

Timms & Co 3^

Warman, Laxon & Co 33

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W. 40

Devey, Joseph & Co 33

Smith, Thomas & Sons

Warwiclt, Thomas 24

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons

Warwick, Thomas 24

Boot Machinery Manufacturers:

Blake and Goodyear Company 1 7

Howe Machine Co., Limited 6

Fork Cleaning Machine:

Hutchinson & Co 2

Gas Engine Makers .■

Andrew, J. E. H 35

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting JIachine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 7

Wanzer Se%ving Machine Co 18

DaviUe & Co 35

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Evans, Walter & Co

Raworth, John T

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co , 33

Bown, W 40

Daville, R. S. & Co 35

Manasse, Max 37

Sewing Machine Manufacturers:

Baer and Remple 12

Gritzner & Co 5

Holroyd, J 7

Howe Machine Company, Limited 6

Junker & Ruh

Mothersill, R 7

Raymond & Co. {P. Frank) 6

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 24

Singer Manufacturing Company I4j IS

Thurlow, Charles 37

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Watson & Co , 37

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 3

White Sewing Machine Company 4

Wright, G. E 37

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company 33

Daville & Co 35

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company 33

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 36

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 8

The Remington Type Writer:

Beeman and Roberts .; 12

Trade Protection Societies:

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 10

Washing Machine SIanufacturers :

Daville & Co 35

Garrie and Co

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley i

Twelvetrees, Harper 34 & 35

Theobald, E 34

Wolstencroft & Co 33

Whitley & Co 35

Taylor & Wilson 9

Taylor, F. D 34

SCALE OP CHARGES FOE ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page £4t 0 0 per insertion

Half „ 2 2 0 „

One Third Page 18 0 „

Quarter „ 12 0 „

One Sixth „ 0 15 0 „

One Eighth „ 0 12 0

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Restaurants, and Private Houses, It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an evea
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to-
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDEB,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine, For cleaning and .
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, &c. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, ^Ib., 6d. ; 1-lb., 1/; 2-lb., 1/9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches; width, 12 inches i height, 9 in. IVEGSSrS. HUTCHISON & C0.>

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.G.

AncrosT 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
" GRAND
PRIZE"

FOE

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from .£5 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for wliich tlie "GRAND PRIZE" was awarded, are tlie

No. 8. — Tlie New Family and Light Manufacturing Macliiae. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c '.

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 «& 2 Prices, £6 10s., £7 10s

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, spedalhj recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVER, complete, £5 5s

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED,

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49, Newington Causeway, S,E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.
Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Road.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 57, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn .Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Atoust 1, 1881.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY:

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWmC MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Llachines for

all work.
12 various ImTTTiTTi I 5 years. Legal
styles. I iilriiilj guarantee.

ml Every machine
Warranted for

ATTRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

■WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PBODtrCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, London, E,C.

A.vavBi 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

At DURLACH,

'S| in Germany.

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets.

e
.t; -c

a o

cS O

o
O

"o
O

c
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O
g

O §

"3
Fig. A.'

OPEN

Chair
Withdrawn.

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5'
crq

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CD

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O.

o"
o

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O

3
O

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Fig. B.

TO SE^WIlsTG- ZM-A-OHHItTE IDB^LEI^S, locked

Chair and
Sewing Ma-

C3r PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES. "^^ '"*'''°

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above those
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-

pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by Bpeoial

artists. All machines with loose wheel

and self-acting winder.

miimioii

omm

^wiw

Furnished

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous Sxhibitions.

Novel I
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

Bl^SlON

UBLE.

EXHIBITION

1879.
toICoale Agp.nts wantpH t}-irr>TigVirviit +V.O TTr^^t^r^ rzi,y^^r.^

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

, August 1, 1881.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

5]p- This Machine has obtained the highest re-
' putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest raushn to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with then^by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond. ,

BEWARE OF ALL COTJNTEBFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers
CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL.

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863-

THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPRESSLY EOE BOOT & SHOE MAKEES,

FOR

SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKERS,

AND FOR

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj tTorfc FREE on application^

EASY TERMS OF PURCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited,

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDO^^^^

IncursT 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCE^.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled exeeUence.

THIS Machine^ by its simplicity and construction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light Jhat it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

'It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
dfipth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BKONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomlinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES,

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly called
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE " [$]

The ditto Hand ditto

NETT CASH,

EETAIL.

by tlie Half Doz.
WHOLESALE.

£4 14

£2 0 0

3 10

17 6

2 2

0 17 6

610

3 0 0

5 5

2 15 0

4 4

2 0 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Motheesill's Patent BICYCLES

33Y3 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

opera,ted entirely without lubricants.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Atjctost 1, 1881.

sfield k Go.'s

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

IMACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARE

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE.

LONDON;

N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and

Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

Exhibition.

— — - - ■ ■■->■■..

Prices and Samples free on application to

DUBLIN^

'18511

1866.

FLAX MILLS,

JOHNSTONE.^-^ GLASGOW.

Ahgust 1. 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES" 9

Sjdnej Exhibition.

PRIZE
MEDAL

AWA RDS

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes.

THE ANNUAL &ALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from tlie best materials, thoroughly seasoned, and are all fitted with oui
well-known patents and appliances, which cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application, to

TAYLOR & AVILSON.

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Atodst 1, 1881.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

' MEEGAHTTILE OFFIOES

t:rade auxiliary company, limited.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LONDOJS^, E.O:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF OFFICES

For IRELAND.

(■DUBLIN— 21, CoUege Green.
( BELFAST— 55, Victoria Stresi.

For SCOTLAND,

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
( EDINBURGH- 4, Coclcburn Street.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH-85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD- 85, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 160, High Street

DISTRICT OFFICES:

i GLOUCESTER— G, College Court.
LEEDS- 1, Bas*- parade.
LIVKRPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.

With Agents and Corespondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United Stahs of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Uhion Bank op London.

BIRMINGHAM— TO, Exchange Buildings.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South MaU

BELFAST— The Noetheen Banking company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bauk op England.
DUBLIN— The National Bank.

EDINBURGH- The Nationai j3ank op Scotland.
GLASGOW— The Beitish Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bank op Liveepool.
MANCHESTER^— Manchestbe AND SALPOED Bank.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With their various associated Agenoiss, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TERIsjTS of STJBSCE.II'TIOlSr

(Except for Special Service and Financial Departments, in -which the Eates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

circumstances.) One, Two, Theee, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.

PEOSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PAETICULAES ON APPLICATION.

There i i no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of
King St.. opposite Guildhall), except the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., VV

AuGFST 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 11

SECOND ANNUAL

LEATHER

TRADES'

EXHIBITION,

Agricultural Hall,

SEPTEMBER 26, 27, 28, 29, & 30,

JLIsTID

OCTOBER 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8,

3. Si ^^ jL .

Forms of Application for space and full Particulars
may be obtained upon application to

JOHN H. RAFFETY,

Managing Director, Agricultural Hall, London

OE TO

frede:. tanner laurence,

Sficretary, 36, St. Thomas Street, Southwm-K, S.E.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

AuausT 1, 1881.

Edinburgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exhibition, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season were Exhibited.

THE ONLY

SILVER MEDALS

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the ''CENTAUR" COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTEUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION

Full BeseripUve Catalogues of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, with Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TRADE. RELIABLE AGENTS "WANTED.

THE REMINGTON TYPE-WRITER DEPOT, 6, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

X-

NO. 4. PERFECTED TYPE-WRITER.

It is portable, durable, and finislied in the
style of No. 2 ; the working parts are exposed
to view.

A Machine to supersede the pen for
manuscript writing, correspondence, &c.,
having twice the speed of the pen, is
always ready for use, simple in construc-
tion, not liable to get out of order, easily
understood, and any one who can spell
can write with it. It is used in Govern-
ment oifices, by Merchants, Bankers,
Lawyers, Clergymen, Doctors, Scientists,
&c., &c., &o. Its advantages are great
and numerous, and no one ought to be
without one.

*- M*-*„ — ^,=„j. i!«t« y7j

PEOVINCIAL AGENTS WANTED.

WO. 2. PERFECTED TYPE-WRITER.

This machine prints Upper and Lower Case
(capital and small) type, portable.

BEEMAN & ROBERTS, Sole Agents for the United Kingdom.

THE NEW

STRAIGHT

NEEDLE

MACHINE

IVTcA-ca.© oXl tlie aa©■v^7■ "Wlaeelei- Etio-ca. "WxIsokl's J33ri3aci;p)le QSTo. 3).

1-1

!zi

!ri

1— '

-2i

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany. Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 1867.

August 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

EAU DE COLOGNE

MARIA CLEMENTINE MARTIN,

Opposiie the CATHEDRAL, COLOGNE.

" The samples of Eau de Cologne sent to the Exhibition by Mahia
Clementine Martin, Nun, of Cologne, were unanimously acknowledged
by the Jury as the best. The precious liquid seemed to contain all the
different scents, whilst, on evaqoorating it, none of them became par-
ticularly recognizable. Martin's Eau de Cologiie, which was rewarded
with the Prize Medal, in general, served as means for comparing and
judging the other perfumes." In bottles. Is., 2s., 3a., 5s. 6d., and 10s. 6d.,
of all Chemists, Perfumers, and Fancy I)eaier3.

SOLE AOBNT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM,

ARTHUR I. JOSEPH, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

Duty paid, net. In bond,

2 oz. shorta, Eau de Cologne - . - g/. _ 6/.

4 oz. „ - - - - ... 15/- _ 10/-

4 oz. „ wickered 20/- — 15/-

HaU-pints - - 25/- — 17/3

Pints - - . 50/- — 34/6

Quarts - 100/- — 69/-

SinaU cases assorted to order (of not less than £3 value in bond)
delivered free freight, less 7^ per cent, discount. M.ay be obtained on
these terms of any Wholesale House, or at the London Depot :—

1 and 2, AUSTRALIAN AVENUE,

H. C. MASON, Agent.
PROFITABLE BRAND.

THE MOST

THE

BIRKBECK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR IVIILUONS.c

How to Purchase a House for
Two G-uineas per Month,

With Immediate Possession and no Rent to pay. — Apply at
the Office of the Bikkbeck Building Society, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Purchase a Plot of Land
for Five Shilhngs per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
purposes. Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Freehold
Land Society, 29 & 30, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Invest your Money with
Safety,

Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Bank, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. Deposits received
at v.irjang rates of interest for stated periods or repayable
on demand.

Current Accounts opened, and Interest allowed on the
tnininium monthly balances. English and Foreign Stocks and
Shai-es purchased and sold, and Advances made thereon.

Office Hours from 10 to 4; except on Saturdai s, when the
Bank cli'ses at 2 o'clock. On Mondays the Bank is open until
9 o'clocli in the Evening.

■) ;

A Pamphlet with full particulars 7nay be had on appbcation .

Francis Ravenscroft, Manat^p

J. & H. BERMlTslGHAM, LEEK,

DPCT n/TAnTTTK.J^^ ORIGINAL MAKERS OF ^

i3Lb^JJACHINE SILK AND BOOTMAKERS' HAND-MADE SEWING SILKS

^"^^^^^ HAVE INVENTED AND ARE NOW MAKING A -^»^ '

FOR THE BOOT TOPS AND FANCY LEATHER WORK.

Samjjles can be had direct on applkation in

J. & H. BERMINGHAM, _

COMPTON MILLS. LEEK. STAFFORDSHIRE.

THE SEWING JIA CHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUI

NY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold in the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working- day.

TME GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attributable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch;

AND FOB THEIE

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

from

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

from

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be ^Arithout one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic
Se-wing. So simple, a
child can work them.

MANTJFACTTJKEBS should see the
Manufacturing Machines!

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop I

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M, SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

323 Branch Oflaces in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N..

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, Souths ark Park Road, S.E.

878, Claphiim Eoad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Eooi?,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W.
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North ^nd, Croydon, S.E.

Atoust 1, 1881. THE SEWilSTG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapside, E.O, ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, Hig-h Street, Camdec Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33. Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Ajichor Road, Bermondeey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S."W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kin^sland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, ■ 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W. ; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

A-ccrington, 9, Peel-street
Mdershot, Victoria-road
fclfreton, 68, King-street
Ashiord, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246, Stamfd-st.
Ayleebury, Silver-street
Bake well," North, Church -street.
Banhury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow- in -Fumesa. J I, DaJkeith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
BirkenJiead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, "Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Bljiph, Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport -street
Boston, 3J, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics* I-nstit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st.. Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Kent), 18, High-street
Burnley, 110, St. James' -street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St.-Edmunds,7S,St.John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chelmsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldg*-
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, "Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry,' :12. Fleet-street (oj

Babiaie Church)
Crewe, 87, Nantwich-road
Darlington, l^*- Prebend-row
i)artford, 18, Hi^h-strMt

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36, Park-street
Derby, 22, "Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 5, Strand

street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dover court, Harwich -road
Dudley, 217, "SVolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street i

Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road ■

(two doors from post office)
■Rccles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, West gate-street
Grantham, 11, "WTiarf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema..-ocre->i
Guernsey, 17, Smith-strefeo
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 53, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, "Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
HecInnondmke,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commercial -street
Hertford, Forden House, "Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, B-ith-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2,Markft-place
Kendall, 3, Wild man-street
Kidderminster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street {cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38, Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Bussell-street
Leicester. 44. Granhy-street
Lewes, 164, Hii;h-.street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (Staffs.). 12. Market-ter.
Loughboroueh, 44, Market-place
Lowestoft, 123, Hi-h-street
Luton. 32. Park-street
Lynn, 9, Norfolk -street
MaidJtop^ , 8, King-st^"'J

Maldon, High-street i

(105, Ma'ket-street!
Manchester J 132. Cheer ham-hill'
{438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 16, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport (I of Wiirht), 91,Pyle-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Noi-thwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, "Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of Fngland-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-street (op-

posi^e Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstail, Bank-street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Ripley, Market-place
l.ipon, 1, Blossomffate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham. 109, Main-street
Rugby, Law lord -road
Runcorn, Hiirh-strcct
Ryde (Isleof Wights 78, TJnion-st.
Saffron Walden. Church-street
Salisbury, 56, Fish?i'7jn-stroet
Salford, 4, Cross-.a^m. and 100,

Regent-road
Scarborongh, 30, lluntrisj-row

Scotholrae. Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19,KirkQ:ate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingborne, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford. 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, .Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'.- Church-street
Stratford -on- A von, 19. W^od-st.
Stroud, 7. George-streer,
Swadlincote, Station c^reet
I Swindon, 52. Regent-street
Tamworth. 54, Church-street
Taunton, Brid;>-e-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-'^treet
Truro, 13, Victoria-place
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warringtoii' 'W, Horsemarket-st,
Watford,^ Queen' s-road
Wednesbury, C7, Union-street
Wellington, Church -street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven. 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Pease od-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles-street
Yarmouth. Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-^t^eet
Cardiff, 5, Queen-stretrt
CarmMLrthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Mertliyr, 1, Victoria-.street
Ncwto^vn. Mcvket-h.i.ri
Pontypool. Market-hall
Pontvpridd, Market- hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford-ixtreet

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, 60. High-street
Banff. 17, Strait-path
Cut ar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumtries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunftrmline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forlar, 23, Castle-street
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8. West Blackhall-rt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-sti'eet
Hawicli, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmjivnock, 83, King-stree*
XirkLiiIdy, 69, High-'^l.reet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-cross
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirlin^', 61, Murray-place
'in.in, Lamingtoa-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-slreet
Athlon i^ Church-street
Ballinii, Bridge-street
Ballymena. 67 and 68, Church-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tul low-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. George's-stpeet
Dublin, 60, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 15, High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domnick- street
Kilrush. Moort-street
Kingstoira. 65A Lower G!^jTJfe-3^
Limerick, 31, Patrick -str&et
Londonderry, 1. Carlisle-road
I\Iullingar, GreviUe-sti'eel
Navan, Trimgate-strect
Newry, 18, Sugar -i-slaiid
Parsoustown, 2, Sefl^s
Quccnstown, Harbour-ron
Sligo, 45, Knox-street
Trriloe. lO, "Bridgt^street
WaterfO'd, 124. Quay
WeriQi'" bolskar-etreot

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. August 1, 188i.

ROWNE

H
i>

0
Q}

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNT! can refer to customers whom he has suppKed in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of whom have
expr'JSSei the ^leatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices mil be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of the
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &c., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, ae >au offer an equally good instrument at a much lower figure.

CATALOGUES OF OESIG»IS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUST

BROWNE
MANUFAC

237 & 239, EUSTON KOAX), LONDON, ENGLAND.

August 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 17

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery /[warded at the
Paris Exposition was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT AND SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

LIMITED.

A aEEAT VAEIETY OF MACHIMEI fe

FOR

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,
HEEL BLOCKING, RAND AND WELT CUTTING,

RAND TURNING,

SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

Self- Feeding Punches, Double and Single Pitting Machines

FOR PUTTING IN ELASTICS,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR BEADERS,
And a great variety of other Machiiiery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Raw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KI^SVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1, wo:eship st^reet, London, e.c.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August 1, 1881.

THE "WANZER

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prize H^edals, Honours & Awards, wherever Exhibited.

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s.

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every
improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER " E " Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of aU kinds
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. 27it
only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER 'M"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It combines all ike known advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Foiir Guineas complete.

The Wanzer Sewmg Machine Company,

L I III I T B D ,

Chief Offlce-4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVERAGE JSONTHLY DELIVERY (including Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

I "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT EEPLACING STEAM ENGINES FROM 1 to 40 HOESE POWEE IND.

WORKS <C HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
MANCHESrEB.

miMl mi, LIMITED

MAlSrnHlHlSTE]^-

LONDON HOUSE:

J lie. Queen Victoria Street, E.G.
LONDON.

■....'.. ....... I ii»i

August 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

COUNTY COURT BUSINESS.

The total sum sued for in the County Courts during the
year 1880 has just been returned at £3,366,474, and the total
number of plaints issued at 1,081,879. These big figures show
that the business of those Courts is both great and growing,
and they testify to a large inorease upon the work done in
former years. That an amount of £451,606 was taken during
that period in court fees alone is also a striking testimony to
the sums of money spent in such litigation. But, although
this vast mass of business is got through somehow or other,
and although a comparison of the returns for recent years
shows a steady rise in the total number of cases brought in
these courts, this rise is evidently in the smaller amounts, or
at all events in those below £20. Above that sum and under
£50, up to which the courts have jurisdiction, there has been
a falling off in the number of plaints issued dui-ing the last five
years, which is somewhat remarkable. It must, however, be
remembered that for cases beyond the limit of £20 the High
Court is generally used, as costs can then be recovered, while,
strange as it may seem to many, the process is actually
cheaper and quicker than in the County Courts. But by far
the larger number of debts for which retail traders are com-
pelled to sue are for amounts below £20, for the recovery of
-which the County Courts are well fitted, though there are
many ways in which they could be easily improved.

The first point to be considered by a shopkeeper desirous of
sueing a customer who will not pay after the usual applications
have been made for money, is, as to which County Court is the
proper one to issue bis plaint. Of course, if a solicitor be em-
ployed, that will be his business. But many tradesmen stiU do
their own law in these little matters, and so they need to have
some practical knowledge. First, then, the plaint may be
entered in the County Court within the district of which the
defendant shall dwell or carry on business. This is clear
enough, but it must be borne in mind that a mere employment
anywhere is not a carrying on business, while a dwelling is in
law a permanent residence. In the metropolis there is the^
further convenience that aU the County Courts are looked
upon as being within one district, and a defendant dwelling
or carrying on business in the district of any one can be sued
in that of any other. The same rules apply where the de-
fendant has so dwelt or carried on business withux the preced-
ing six months ; but then the license of the - registrar must
first be obtained. The ttird point as to jm-isdiction is that a
debtor may be sued in that County Court within the district
of which the cause of action, either wholly or in part, ai'ose.
This is the most important question as far as those who have
to sue customers in various parts of the country are con-
cerned. It would obviously be almost impossible for such
creditors to go into the various County Courts within the dis-
tricts of which their debtors carry on business. Supposing a
shopkeeper in London receives orders in London for goods to
be sent into the country, then he can sue in his own County
Court, as the order wiU be a part of the cause of action. So,
also, if the order has been given to a traveller iia the country,
but the goods are delivered to a London carrier or railway
by the customer's order, and he pays the carriage, this again
will be a part of the cause of action enabling the creditor
to use the County Court of his own district. Should neither
the order nor deliveiy of the goods for which payment is
sought have occurred within the tiadesman's Court, then if
the debtor has promised to settle the claim by letter received
therein, that will be enough to support an action.

The next matter to be thought of is as to which form of
summons shall be used, for there are now two, the ordinary
and the default summons. Upon issuing an ordinary sum-
mons it will be served by the bailiff, and upon the day ap-
pointed for hearing, the plaintiff wfll have to go to the Court
and be ready with his witnesses to prove his case, even
though his claim be entii-ely undisputed and the defendant
does not even appear. By using the form of a default sum-
mons much of this trouble will be saved, but the debtor
must be personally served, either by the bailiff or the plaintiff
himself, and this is often rather difficult. But unless the
defendant gives notice that he intends to defend the action
■within sixteen days after service, judgment can be entered
against him in default. Even should he do this, and a day of

hearing be appointed, still, if the defendant does not appear
in Court, there will at once be a judgment against him with-
out further evidence, and an order will be made for him to
pay forthwith. It is clear that the newer form of a default
summons has many advantages. But it can only belssued
where the goods have been sold to the debtor to use in the way
of his trade, or the amount is over £5, or with leave of the
Registrar for any lesser sum, which, however, is usually giveil
as a mere matter of course. If a case has to be tried it wiU
become necessary for the plaintiff to make good his claim, and
he must be prepared with witnesses for its support. One word
of warning is much needed upon this point. Books of account
do not pi'ove themselves.

This seems simple enough, and yet it is quite a common
thing for a tradesman to produce his books in Court, and
pointing to the items entered against the debtor, think he has
made out his case. It is true the judges often look at these
accounts for their own guidance, but not as legal evidence.
In order to show that a certain sum is owing, the creditor must
prove the order given by his debtor for the goods in question,-
and their delivery. If it be due upon a bill o£ exchange then
it will be enough to produce the bill and prove the signature.
Also, if the defendant has either verbally or in \vTiting pro-
mised to pay a specified amount, there is no need to go back
any further, and upon evidence being given of that spoken
promise by the person to whom it was made, or of the
hand\vriting, if it was written, the plaintiff ^viU get judg-
ment. ■ •

Although the business of the County Court is carried On
with fair smoothness, there are many points upon which the
practice needs amending. In two main particulars this is es-
pecially manifest. The fees charged are far too high, and the
procedure much too slow. Taking a case of £15 as an example,
the fee upon issuing the summons will be 16s., and upon the
hearing 30s., making altogether a sum of £2 6s., before even
an order to i)ay can be obtained, and this too for Court fees
alone, and independently of all legal and other expenses for
witnesses and the like. Most assuredly this is out of all fair
proportion, and it is not surprising that under such a system
many tradesmen prefer to let well, or rather ill, alone, and
doubt the prudence of throwing away good money after what
may be bad, and is at least of uncertain quality. It is quite
time the whole scheme of fees in the County Courts were re-
considered. It was framed when these tribunals only aimed
at the more easy recovery of small debts, and for petty sums
it is reasonable. But the business taken to these Courts has
now outgrown the original plans of their promoters, and it has
become plain that the pi-oportionate scale of fees is not adapted
to that business, and is wholly inapplicable to trade claims of
average amount. It was proposed in 1872 by the Judicature
Commissioners, that there should be a great and general reduc-
tion m these Court fees, and seeing that a wi'it in the High
Court for whatever amount only costs os., there should be
some similar limit fixed in the County Courts. Then again,
sixteen days is too long a time to allow a defendant in which
to give notice of defence in a default summons, especially as in
the High Court upon a writ only eight days' time is granted.
Everywhere throughout the whole of the County Court system
there is this undue delay. Even when an order for payment is
at last obtained, it is generally made for smaU instalments
covering months, and even years, and givmg creditors endless
trouble. It would, we think, be time enough to think about
payment by instalments when it was clear the debtor could not
pay down, and upon the hearing of a judgment summons.
But the County Court officials are like all others — tied up in
red tape ; 'and it seems likely to be a long while before we
get a cheap and speedy way of doing County Court business.

When a man is about starting for home after the church
sociable, and finds his umbrella gone — an umbrella that has
been in the family until it has become an heirloom, sir — his
first impulse is to tear around and use language, crush his hat
over his throbbing brows, and rush out into the night and
rain. His next is to soothe his tempest-tossed bosom by
selecting the veiy newest and best parachute he can lay his
hands on, and going home with forgiveness in his heart and
the umbrella over his head Uke a good Christian.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Atjqust 1, 1881.

HANDSOME DESIGNS AND TASTEFUL
ORNAMENTATION.

The poet Keats said, " A thing of beauty is a joy for ever,"
and the apt phrase has passed into the language. Who has
not felt the potent influence of beauty, in whatever form it
may appear .!" We beautify and adorn our homes, our parks,
and cities ; art has striven for centuries to heighten and im-
prove the various forms of beauty, and has exercised all its
ingenuity to discover new ones.

Manufacturers nowadays make a constant study of how to
render theii- products pleasing to the eye, as well as efficient
and durable in their use, recognising the fact that even articles
of the commonest necessity can also be articles of ornament.
Household furniture, stoves, and even kitchen utensils are
produced in handsomer shapes and tasteful ornamentation.
The beautiful in natm-e and in art is largely drawn upon for
new and attractive styles of embellishment. The peculiar
forms of decorative art that appeared at various long-departed
epochs of the world's history, and which have been handed
down to us in a state of perfect preservation by architecture,
sculpture, painting, and pottery, furnish those patterns of
elegant adornment known as the Egyptian, Arabesque, Tuscan,
Doric, Ionic, Roman, Grecian, Etruscan, and other antique
styles of rare beauty and originality, which are the greatest
monuments the ancients have left of their genius, and the
most useful heir-looms they have bequeathed us. The peculiar
■characteristics of medieval art are secured to us in numberless
specimens of Gothic and Norman ingenuity. The eccentric,
though beautiful adornment, in the Chinese and Japanese
modes has recently come much into fashion, and the handsome
Eastlake pattern is greatly sought after among the modern
styles of decoration. Landscape scenery, flowers, fruit, the
beasts of the field, and the fish of the sea, afford subjects for
decorative art, and are applied in every conceivable manner.
Even the heterogeneous element of chance is brought into
play to assist the invention in devising new forms of beauty.
The Kaleidoscope, that ingenious invention of Sir David
Brewster, is not merely a pretty toy to please childhood with,
but serves a most useful purpose by being much employed in
arts of design, for by its arrangement of variously coloured
reflecting surfaces, it exbibits its contents in an endless variety
of beautiful tints and colours and symmetrical forms. The
carpet manufactui-ers, especially, owe everything to its use,
for without it humiin ingenuity would have been unable to
produce the numberless patterns that are in existence.

The prevailing taste for the beautiful in design and orna-
mentation has compelled the manufacturers to become almost
as close a student of art as the professional artist himself. The
sewing machine manufacturer must keep pace with the times,
and in putting his wares upon the market he camiot afford to
neglect the element of beauty. As it very often stands in the
sitting-room of a household, the machine should be a thing of
ornament as well as use. Women, who have keen eyes for the
beautiful, are greatly influenced in their selections by the
appearance of an article, and, from this point of view, beauty
of machines is of paramount importance to the sewing machine
manufacturer as a selling feature. Most of the machines upon
the market are elaborately ornamented, and some of them
even tastefully, but there is room for improvement. The
matter should be made one of the most special attention and
study in the factories. With the enormous variety of good,
handsome, and even striking designs and patterns at their
hands, it would indeed show a great poverty of enterprise were
manufacturers to fail to take advantage of every means of in-
creasing the attractiveness of their machines. Originality
should, of course, be aimed at, as it gives distinctive character
and constitutes a species of trade mark ; but in the search for
originality of ornamentation, all that is gaudy, vulgar, and
cheap-looking, shoxdd be avoided. Plainness, not severe, but
elegant, is what best suits the sewing machine. A stand of
light and handsome style, a bed-plate ornamented with some
handsome device, wood-work of a decided pattern, and the
whole symmetrical throughout and devoid of glaring contrasts
is what best pleases the eye, and aU of these points can be
secured without servile imitation of others, or, indeed, without

sacrificing one jot of originality, so large is the field from
which such designs, patterns, and ornamentation, can be
selected.

Agents and dealers know full well the great value to them
of having machines look as handsome as possible, and those
who believe the machines they are selling to be deficient in
handsome design a.nd tasteful ornamentation, should call the
attention of their manufacturers to the points we have alluded
to in this brief article. — Sewing Machine Neii's.

HINTS FOR COMMERCIAL TEAVELLEES.

Lord Chief Justice Colei-idge, in the course of a few eulogistic
remarks which he passed on the judicial merits of the late
Lord Chief Justice Cookburu, just after his death, said to this
effect, that one of his highest qualities as a judge was that in
the hearing of a case he always kept his mind open, without
bias, till the case was completely laid before him. In other
words, he was thoroughly impartial and free from prejudice
in his judgment. Now, this highest attribute of a judge on
the bench of justice, viz., impartiality or freedom from
prejudice, is exactly the first essential requisite in a first-class
buyer. He must be a thoroughly unprejudiced man ; un-
prejudiced alike as to the person who shows him goods and as
to the source from which they come.

Notwithstanding the high value of this qualification, the
amount of prejudice that one continually meets with is truly
wonderful, as any commercial man who has any commodity to
sell, and is in the habit of calling either on wholesale or retail
buyers, will at once, and without the slightest hesitation,
testify.

Tou call on a man for the first time ; you have never before
seen him, and he has never previously seen you. Tou know
you have got a flrst-rate article to sell. However, you have
iDarely got over the customai-y salutation, " Good morning,
sir," and are proceeding with a polite description of your
•wares, when, wiih a supercilious toss of the head and a curt
" Not to-day, thank you," you are abruptly cut short, and
off like a shot goes your anticipated buyer, leaving you to
think that your tact is not quite so flne as it should be, and
that you are not so clever as you really thought you were.

You call on another man. You have frequently called on
him before. You are always received most courteously. He
always looks at your goods, and will look at them as long as
you please ; but even if you quote half price the answer is
always the same : " Quite full, thanli you." Your tact has in
this case, so far, obtained an inspection of your goods, but
youi' persuasive powers have no effect in overcoming that man's
prejudices to make him a buyer. He is prejudiced against
your house, and so strong is that prejudice that no earthly
price you could name would tempt him to buy a line from the
house which you esteem it such an honour to represent.

However, notwithstanding all I have said, I must admit that
I believe this kind of prejudice is year by year gradually dying
out. In proof of this I would only say that a connection,
although a thing to be bighly prized, is not now of the same
value as it was some years ago. Widea.vake tradesmen now-a-
days are ever becoming more alive to the intrinsic merits of
goods, and care less either for the house that has the goods to
sell or for the individual that represents the house, however
worthy and estimable as a man he may be.

In further proof of this position I might point to many good
old houses that have within the last two or three years retired
from the trade, and, on the other hand, I might name others
that during the same time have sprung into an enviable
notoriety ; but I forbear, as such an enumeration might appear
somewhat invidious. To show how this prejudice works I
shall relate an incident of my experience which occurred in a
large city in the north immediately after the close of the
American war.

One afternoon, while very busy and in my shirtsleeves, a
young, raw, red-headed Irishman stepped up, and, addressing
me, said he wanted to see the buyer. " Well," said I, " I
believe I am that gentleman." "Well, sir; I have some
cheap Cream Eoughs to sell." "Indeed, whom do you repre-
sent? " " So and bo, sir." " Oh, I never heard of the name

Atjgust 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

before — a respectable house, eh. ? " " Tes, sir; but they are
not a large house and have never done business here before."
"Nevermind that; let me see your goods?" I gave him a
fair order, and told him that if the goods came up to sample,
it might lead to a good business. Then I immediately said,
" Good day." " One minute, sir," he said. " I want to thank
you ; you have saved my situation, as this is the only order I
have taken to-day. I called on every buyer in the trade and
was snubbed by every one of them ; not one would look at my
samples, and as you were the last I had to call on I was
doubtful whether or not to look you up, but now I am glad I
have done so, and I thank you."

The result of this mcident was that although the house I
bought for then was considered second rate, we were for a
long time the only house in that city that had the right finish
and make of those particular goods. The consequence was we
did a roaring trade ; the department shot ahead ; people who
never before done business with the house bought this special
line either through the travellers or in the house. At the
same time they were shown other goods which they bought
as well. So through this special line the whole house received
a stimulus, was benefited thereby, was so much the richer at
stock-taking, and stronger against their opponents over the
ground which they covered.

WHY THE MECHANIC MAKES THE BEST AGENT.

The man who has had a mechanical experience with sewing
machines, either as an adjuster or at the bench in some depart-
ment of the factory, makes the best sewing machine salesman,
and the best man to control an agency, provided he has other
necessary qualifications of a good business man, because he has
acquired an invaluable experience which can only be obtained
by actual work, it being as impossible to learn it by theory as
it is, indeed, to gain practical knowledge of any kind. He
knows, from careful study, if he has been an observant man,
the functions of each portion of the mechanism and the precise
part it is expected to play in combination with the rest. He
understands the nicety of adjustment to a hair, and can tell
when a machine is at the perfection of its running capacity —
if necessary, he can sit down and adjust a machine himself, or
show a subordinate how to do it. He can detect a defect at a
glance. He does not find himself compelled to bend all the
morning over a machine which is slightly out of time, or runs
a little harshly, to find out where the trouble is ; he instantly
sees where the complaint lies, and readily applies the remedy.

Knowledge of this kind is invaluable to an agent, for it
enables him to see that his stock of machines is kept up to the
proper standard. When a number of machines reach his office
and are uncrated, he can give his personal attention to their
thorough overhauling, for all machines are thrown more or
less out of adjustment by the handling and jolting in their
transit; and before being put on sale they should be restored
to the accuracy they had, when passed at the factory after the
process of " sewing off" has been gone through. The agent
who is capable of thus keeping a hawk's eye after this most
important branch o f his business, can materially improve the
calibre of his employes by imparting to them a portion of the
knowledge that his experience has taught him. His caa-
vassers, when they enter a competition, will be yble to see if a
machine is exactly right before they begin to show it off, and
if it is not they will know how to make it so instantly, which
will give them a great advantage over competitors who are
deficient in this respect. Besides, the chances of a machine
ever leaving the office in a state of imperfect adjustment are
materially reduced by his vigilance, and although he knows
that accident is liable to happen on the waj' to the customer's
house, he can always feel secure in his confidence iu his men's
ability to remedy it. When a machine is left on trial at a pro-
spective buyer's house, his canvassers can call from time to
time to look after the machine, and restore it to its proper
adjustment when thrown out by the carelessness or ignorance
of the party trying it, a thuig which very often happens, and,
by thus keeping the machine right up to its highest standard,
the chances of a sale ultimately are materially enhanced. Such

points as these give the agent who understands from practical
experience the mechanism of the sewuig machine an immense
superiority over those who lack such knowledge, or only have
a theoretical smattering of it, and are obliged to trust the
vital department of adjustment to an employe, who may or
may not be competent, for all he can tell. — Sewing Machine
News.

THE AGE OP BICYCLING.

" Unquestionably the bicycle bids fair to become as impor-
tant a factor for enlarging the scope of personal travel as the
railroad has become for its rapid collective circulation." Such
is one of the opening sentences of an essay called a " Bicycle
Era," which appears in the July number of Harper's Jlonthhj
Magazine. The "silent horse " was unknown to the boyhood
of men whose years do not exceed the age of the Prince of
Wales, and yet bicycling has already grown, according to
the boast of one of its accredited organs, into "the only
athletic sport at which Englishmen can distance the world."
As regards cricket, Australia has already sent one eleven to
our shores which carried off high honours in the mother
country, and threatens soon to send another which, instead
of whips, expects to chastise us with scorpions. TJpon the
river, too, our sculling champions were easily defeated by
Trickett, an Australian, who in his turn had to surrender his
freshly-acquired bays to Hanlan, a Canadian. Upon the
cinder path, where is the English sprint runner who can hold
his own against Myers and Merrill? We will not stop to
notice the victory of Iroquois, a Transatlantic-bred horse, for
the Derby, since his triumph was gained over equine and not
over human muscles ; but it is sufficient to remark that, in
many fields where our compatriots were once without a i-ival,
thej' are now compelled "to take a back seat." It is inex-
pressibly mortifying for us when we reflect that England is
now reduced to a condition in which, to parody a well-known
line of the poet Cowper, she can alone claim "the honours of
the bicycle as all her own." But, as has often been asked of
some nation which has had the worst of a big war, " WiU she
be content to stay whipped? " Happily, it is still one of our
proudest national characteristics that we never know when we
are beaten, and each succeeding year brings forward a new
crop of accomplished cricketers, from whom haply will spring
an eleven which may wrest the laurels gained by their pre-
decessors from the next Australian gang of ambitious ■ivielders
of the willow. The wonderful "time" achieved by Myers
will, again, stimulate English competitors fo put forth their
choicest efforts with a view to defeating it. In the mean-
while, let us make the most of our unquestioned superiority as
bicyclists, and remember with satisfaction that our " wheel-
men " have outlived the prejudice with which the unearthly,
weu'd-looking machine was once regarded upon every road
frequented by riding and driving men. Immortal fame ought
to be the meed of the English mechanist who first addressed
his energies to the purpose of improving the French ciilefcre,
or " speed-maker," until he and his successors had brought it
up to the level of the best modern bicycle. The "poor man's
horse" has, beyond all question, added incalculably to the
health, the pleasure, and the resources which it has brought
\%'ithm the reach of many for whom locomotion upon wheels
had theretofore been confined to rides upon the railroad and
the omnibus. The fom'-in-hand drag is one of the many ap-
panages which Crcesus claims for his own, but the bicycle is
now mounted and steered by thousands of young men to whom
pence are more important than the ten-pound notes which are
freely spent by the aiSuent few.

For this reason we anticipate a bright and constantly ex-
panding future for the bicycle. It is a plant of recent growth,
but the popularity already attaching to the pursuit, abundantly
shows how deep it has struck its roots. There are said to be
to-day in England more than two thousand dift'erent manufac-
turers of bicycles, and among them they produce more than
three hundred varieties of the machine. Endless modifications
and improvements are introduced year after year in its struc-
ture, and it has given birth to a flourishing and ably-conducted
literature of its own. Moreover, it has supplied its votaries

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August 1, 1881.

with a never-ceasing list of itineraries wWch furnish the tourist
■with information as to the best and most level roads, the
cheapest botels at which comfort can be secured, and the
most inviting opportunities for riding the new horse along the
highways of the Continent. Instructions are forthcoming for
those tourists who introduce their bicycles into France, accom-
panied by hints how to keep oS the aggresive curs which
haunt the villages. What an untold amount of suffering and
labour would not the bicycle have spared to the author of "The
Traveller," as he tramped through France on foot, depending
upon his flute to gain him a night's lodging and a supper ?
On arriving at a cabaret or at a farmhouse, or even at a cottage,
the tourist has no oats to pay for, no stall littered with straw
to search out, as the "silent horse" needs less accommoda-
tion than the poorest and most thrifty of his riders. Even the
douaniers, or Custom House officials of France — a land which
has always eyed English machines of all kmds with jealous
suspicion — -are beginning to look with sympathy upon a looo-
moter which makes special appeals to democratic nations.
There is no country in the world where peasants have less
opportunity of riding upon wheels than the land which lies
across the Channel ; and none, moreover, in which economy
is more prized. The advantages conferred by the bicycle upon
postmen who have long tracts of road to traverse upon foot
have already begun to make themselves especia/ly felt in
Wales, in Scotland, and in out-of-the-way districts of these
islands ; and we entertain no doubt that France will eventually
adopt the machine for the improvement of its remai-kably slow
and dilatory postal service. It is the custom to deliver letters
by hand even at the most inaccessible houses in the Pyrenees,
the Vosges Mountains, and the Jura ; but what is thus gamed
in security by the recipients of written and printed communi-
cations entrusted to the mails is neutralised by the concomi-
tant tardiness in their delivery. Tet, although it is certain
that, sooner or later, the innovation will be largely adopted
upon the Continent, it must not be forgotten that the steerage
of the bicycle demands no small amount of experience, of
courage, and of skill. The risk to the rider, for instance, is
far greater when he is going slow than when he is going fast,
for the momentum of the vehicle contributes powerfully to
the maintenance of its equilibrium.

It is not to be expected that a Frenchman who has once
"taken a header," or, in other words, has been discharged
headlong from the saddle, will easily be tempted to resume his
perilous seat. The superficies of this seat is not larger than
that of a cheese plate, and for men unaccustomed to the sight
nothing is more calculated to inspire fear and distrust than the
-descent of a steep hill by an accomplished English professor
of the new art, who, lifting his feet from the spontaneously
revolving treadles, allows the machine to spin along with
lightning velocity, accelerated by the momentum of its own
speciiic gravity. We are happy to observe that our American
kinsmen have not been slow to perceive the utiUty and economy
of the spindle-wheeled horse, which requires for its sustenance
nothing but a few drops of oil, and no other shelter for the
night than the roughest outhouse that will keep off the rain.
Thus we read that a "League of American Wheelmen" was
formed in 1S80, which already boasts the support of more than
fifteen hundred members. This League is intended for the
benefit of amateur wheelman ; an amateur being defined — we
mention the fact for the benefit of the " Temple Bicycle Club "
— as " a person who has never competed in an open competi-
tion, or tor a stake, or for public money, or for gate-money, or
under a false name, or with a professional for a prize, or
where gate-money is charged, nor has ever personally taught
or pursued bicycling or other athletic exercises as a means of
livelihood. Draconian for this country, as the best bicyclist
in England, is at the present moment an amateur who has
given evidence of his prowess in open competition against pro-
fessionals. Our great annual gatherings of two thousand
bicyclists, and upwards, in Bushey Park, leave far in the lurch
the exhibition of nearly a thousand wheelmen, which took
place at Boston, in Massachusetts, on the 30th of last May.
Indeed the roads of the United States, even in the oldest and
most settled part of the Union, forbid the probability that the
speed, grace, and confidence of English bicyclists will soon be
attained on the other side of the Atlantic. When the road is

bad and covered with stones, even a moderate hill reduces a
bicyclist to the necessity of dismounting and of walking up the
ascent by the side of his " horse," which he pushes forward by
hand. It is, however, a just matter for pride to Coventry,
and to other English towns where the best bicycles are made,
that the most ingenious and mechanically-skilful nation in the
world has hitherto been satisfied, knowing that it cannot make
them so perfectly or so cheaply, to import its " silent horses "
from this side of the Atlantic. In the great cities of the
United States we shall look in vain for steersmen who thread
their way upon bicycles amid the Babel of streets, densely
crowded with vehicles of all kinds. But nothing can be more
satisfactory, in conclusion, than that thousands of young
Englishmen belonging to the humbler classes, and selected
from the ranks of clerks, of small tradesmen, and of shop-
keeping assistants, should have found a healthy, economical,
and open-air exercise whereby to recruit energies sapped by
the exhausting surroundings and influences which beset those
who are long " in populous cities pent."

SUBSTANCES AND REAGENTS SUITABLE FOR THE
REMOVAL OP SPOTS.

Pure water, cold or hot, or mixed with acids, serves for
rinsing goods in order to remove foreign and neutral bodies
which cover the colour.

Steam softens fatty matters, and thus facilitates their
removal by reagents.

Sulphuric acid may be used in certain cases, particularly for
brightening and raising greens, reds, yellows, &c. ; but it must
be diluted with at least 100 times its weight of virater, and
more in case of delicate shades.

Muriatic acid is successfully used for removing ink stains and
iron mould on a number of colours which it does not attack.

Sulphurous acid is only employed for whitening undyed
goods, straw hats, &c., and for removing the stains of certain
fruits on silks and woollens. Sulphurous gas is also used for
this purpose, but the liquid acid is safer.

Oxalic acid is used for removing ink and rust stains and
remnants of mud stains which do not yield to other detergents.
It may also be used for destroying the stains of fruits and
astringent juices, and old stains of urine. However, its use is
limited to white goods, as it attacks fugitive colours, and even
light shades of those reputed to be fast. The best method of
applying it is to dissolve it in cold or lukewarm water, to let
it remain a moment upon the spot, and then to rub it with
the fingers.

Citric acid serves to revive and brighten certain colours,
especially greens and yellows. It restores, scarlets which have
been turned to a crimson by the action of alkalies. Acetic acid
(or tartaric) may be used instead.

Liquid ammonia is the most powerful and useful agent for
cleaning sUk stuffs and hats, and for neutralising the effects of
acids. In this latter case it is often enough to expose the spots
to the vapour of ammonia, which makes them disappear
entirely. .. .. ,

It gives a more violet tone to all colours obtained with cochi-
neal, lac, Brazil wood, and logwood, or topped with cochineal.
It does not injure silks, but it sensibly attacks wooden tissues
at high temperatures. It is also used for restoring black silks
which have been damaged by damp.

Carbonate of soda (crystals) may be used in many cases
where ammonia is employed. It is good for silk hats which
have been injured by sweat.

Soda and potash (caustic) only serve for white linen, hemp,
and cotton goods, for they attack colours, and injure the
tenacity and flexibility of wool and silk. For the same reason
white soap is only used for cleaning white woollen goods.

Mottled soaps suit for cleaning thick tissues of woollen and
cotton, such as quilts, which are not submitted to friction.
For such tissues, when they do not require much suppleness or
softness, the action of the soap may be enhanced by a slight
addition of potash.

Soft soap may be usefully employed in solution along with
gum or other mucUaginous materials for cleansing dyed goods,
and especially self-coloured silks. It removes spots more

August 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MA.CHINE GAZETTE ANB JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

easily than white and mottled soaps do, and injures the colours
less,

A soap bath serves for thoroughly cleansing whites and fast
colours. It may be employed in washmg machines like the
solution of soda crystals, and often after a passage through
the latter liquid. It is prepare 1 by dissolving thin slices of
soap in boiling water, and should be kept in stoneware pans
or wooden troughs.

Soap powder is chiefly used in cleansing kid gloves.

Os gall has the property of dissolving most fatty bodies
withoat injui'ing the tissues or the colours. It may be used in
preference to soap for oleaasing woollens. But it cannot bo
used for very light colours, for it sometimes gives them a pale
greenish yeUow shade. It is occasionally mixed with oil of
turpentine, alcohol, honey, yolk of egg, clay, &c., and in this
state it is used for cleaning silks. (Unmixed galls may also
be used with perfect success for dark silks.)

To produce a satisfactory effect the gall should be very
fresh. A simple method to preserve it consists in tying a
strong cord round the neclc of the |membrane containing the
gall, and immersing it in boiling water for some time. When
this is done take it out and dry it in the shade.

Yolk of egg has about the same properties as gall, but it is
too costly for general use. It must also be employed as fresh
as possible, as it loses its efBoacy on growing old.

Sometimes it is mixed -ivith an equal volume of turpentine
and employed" luke warm.

Liquidations by AbkanoeiiIENt.
Eiokerby, George, Caledonian-road, Islington, ironmonger. July 6.
Wood, Charles, and Alfred Parkinson, Heaton Norris, laundry

engineers and machinists. July 9.
Arnold, Henry Heard, Old Town-street, Plymouth, ironmonger.

July 1.
Eeed, Daniel, Market-place, Doncaster, ironmonger and gasfltter.

July 2.
Scott, George, George-street, St. Helens, ironmonger. July 12.
Buncombe, John Clarke, Bruton, Somerset, ironmonger. July 14.
Chadwick, Thomas, Brindley Ford, Wolstanton, Staffs., iron-
monger. July 18.
Griffiths, Prederict Ezekiel, Market- street, Llauelly, corn and

provision merchant, trading as Griffiths Bros., ironmongers and

curriers. July 14i.

Bills of Sale.
Oldmeadow, James, 6, Portland-terrace, Cheltenham, general iron-

monger; ^£36, &c. In favour of Henry G. Margrett. Piled

July 1.
Eaison, Henry Wm., 11, 13, and 15, Eochester-row, Westminster,

ironmonger ; .£770, abs. sale. In favour of Henry Eaison. Piled

June 29.
Welch, Alfred, 77, Eign-road, Hereford, sewing machine agent ;

^15, &c. In favour of Joseph Blaiberg. Piled June 27.
Ibbotson, George, 148, Infirmary-road, Sht-ffield, ironmonger;

.£14 lOs., &c. In favour of John Jacobs. Piled July 16.
Eoberts, John, Warwick House, Bridge- street, Corwen, Merioneth-
shire, ironmonger; ^£93 10. In favour of Wm. Williams. Piled

July 13.

Vero, Charles, Sheepy Magna, Leicestershire, machinist; ^633, &o.
In favour of John Wilkinson. Piled July 13.

Woodhouse, Charles, Sloely, Norfolk, machine proprietor ; 4150,
&c. In favour of John Woodhouse. Piled July 16.

Godden, Wm., 1, Oriental cottages, Vincent's-walk, and 11, East-
street, Southampton, whitesmith and ironmonger; ^665. In
favour of Richard Howard. Piled July 18.

Jackson, Emma, Long-street, Middleton, Lancashire, ironmonger ;
.£190, pur. moni;y. In favour of S. Pletcher and another.
Filed July 21.

Turner, Arthur, Lynchford-road, North Camp, near Aldershot,
ironmonger; iS944 4s. In favour of Heui-y Turner. Piled
July 7.

Plucknett, Samuel, Leigh Villa and Bicycle Manufactory,
Cheltenham-road, and 12a, Eegent-street, Clifton, Bristol,
bicycle manufacturer ; iS260, &o. In favom* of George Powell.
Piled July 9.

Hibbert, Henry, 461, Attercliffe-common, and workshops opposite
Carbrook, near Sheffield, ironmonger, &c. ; ^£50, &c. In favour
of Benjamin Jacobs. Piled -July 4.

Shepherd, James Charles, trading as J. C. Shepherd and Co., 18,
Old Kent-road, gas cooking, &o., apparatus manufacturer ;
£82 10s. In favour of Henry Vesey. Piled July 18.

White, George, 1, Eleeszar-place, Christchurch, Harts., late iron-
monger; .£200. In favour of Eisden W. Sharp. Filed July 12.

Dissolutions op Pabtnekship.
Noakes, Henry and Eiehard, Maidstone, ironmongers. March 25.
Parrish and Green, Hanley, ironmongers. June 11.
Pennington and Middleton, Kendal and Windermere, irsnmongers.

December 31.
Douglas and Norton, 5, Eedcross-street, Bristol, machinist. July 8.
Kaye and Wilson, Staincliffe, Batley, machine makers. June 30.

Debts by John Wilson.
Slack, E. and J., Strand, furnishing ironmongers. June 30. Debts

by John William Slack.
Tatham, W., and Co., Eoohdale, machinists. June 27. Debts by
WilUam Tatham.

County Court Judgments.
Cruchley, J. W., 183, Marlboro' -road, Chelsea, ironmonger;

^621 3s. lOd. May 26.
Davies, Joesph, 3, Canning-terrace, JAddiscombe-road, Croydon,

ironmonger; ^221 17s. 7d. May 25.
Hammond, M. S., 3, Hainlett-terrace, Anerley-road, Upper Nor-
wood, ironmonger ; £15 18s. lOd. May 17.
Hanson, Ann, and Thomas, Main-street, Bingley, near Bradford,

ironmongers ; £11 15s. 9d. May 17.
Jackson, Wm., lA, Caroline-street, Eaton-square, sewing machine

maker ; ^616 17s. 4d. May 12.
Nokes, ArthurPrank, 55, Hertford-street, Coventry, tricycle maker;

^635 103. 8d. May 31.
Pope, Thomas, Paignton, Devon, ironmonger ; dElO 18s. Od.

May 25.
Wells, E., 13, Guildford-street, Poplar, ironmonger; ^£14 63 lOd.

May 30.
Williams, J. S., Market-street, Pontypridd, ironmonger ; .£18 15s. 3d.

May 20.
Jones, Wm., Birmingham House, Conway, Carnarvonshire, iron-
monger ; jei7 23. 4d. May 28.
Mathew, Harry, Market-place, Settle, Yorkshire, ironmonger ;

d£14 lis. 6d. June 8.
Smith, John, 36, Clifton-street, Cardiff, ironmonger ; X13 3s. 6d.

June 7.
Symonds, G. B., Potton, Bedfordshire, ironmonger; ^£19 363. 9d.

June 9.
Tucker, Joseph, 8, Eegent-parade, Ventnor, Hants., ironmonger ;

.£17 Is. Od. June 14.
Billings, Joseph, 1, Clifton-villas, Earlsam-grove, Porest-gate,

ironmonger ; d£14 19s. 6d. June 3.
CoUings, George C, Gladstone-buildings, High-street, Aston New

Town, Birmingham, ironmonger ; ^£12 43. 3d. June 2.
Eustace, Eobert, Salisbury- street, Blandford, Dorset, ironmonger;

£20 2s. lid. June 1.
Portsmouth, A., Pote-street, Basingstoke, Hants., ironmonger ;

£Z7 123. 9d. June 1.
Williams, John, 19, High-street, JMold, Flintshire, ironmonger ;
£17 14s. 6d. June 2.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Perambalators with Bicycle Wheels.

Largest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand

Machines.

SMITHFORD STREET, COVENTRY.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

AtrausT 1, 1881.

MNICi:, KEMSLEY k CO.,

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OP NEW YORK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Stioh Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, aever out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

Wo have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family use.

// is a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine in the world. Lasts a life-
time, and NBYER gets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OF WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give exclusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

{'Late Johnson, Clark and Co.),

Pinsbnry Circus, LONDON, EC.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MAS-UPACTUREK OP

By Royal Letters Patent. |}Xl/Y01i£i JU.iLlJCjK<I AXlS

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKEE OP WOOLLEY'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Chammonship, used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
a^ightest of the rough roads.^^

PHce List Free on application to the above.

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

€^t Iming Blntjiine §^tik

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE Sewing Machine Trade can now be said to own a
better position than it has had for some time past.
Such ugly words as "fiat," "stagnant," "very de-
pressed," which a year ago characterised this trade, must nov7
give place to the words "steady trade." The public demand
for sewing machines, it is true, is not very brisk just now, but
then it must be taken into consideration that there is great
activity in the clothing and shoe manufacturing trades, and a
greater demand for machines for manufacturing purposes is
already being experienced, and the shipping trade is now fairly
active. Who has been the good fairy that has changed the
past miserably depressed state of things into the present
brighter scene we will not endeavour to say, as we might thus
enter into a discussion beyond the precincts of this journal.
We are quite content to accept the good without inquiring
too minutely whence it came. Enough that we look upon a
much brighter scene ; that the latest statistics show an increase
in our imports, and that those many failures of small sewing
machine dealers which, owing to their frequent repetition,
shook even large firms, are now almost agreeably conspicuous
by their absence. There is every sign of this revival becoming
permanent, and we can congratulate ourselves on better times.
Here and there we find a few discontented individuals, but
they only represent the grumbling characteristics of John
Bull. Of course, everyone knows it is hopeless to look for a
return of those palmy days when the sewing machine first
came into existence, but still by introducing the newest inven-
tions in domestic labour-saving machinery into their business,
sewing machine dealers may do much to ensure themselves a
profitable trade.

Oi^ every hand we hear of more inventions in bicycles. The
steam bicycle is only waiting the decision of the law courts as

August 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES-

to its rights to travel on the roads like an ordinary conveyance,
instead of as the law now compels it to be preceded by a man
and a flag, like a steam roller, when it will become very
quickly popular to those who can afford this luxmy. "We hear
of an electric bicycle, and hundreds of improvements to the
ordinary pedal machine. What an immense affair the next
Stanley Show wUl be ! One thing is certain ; the promoters
wiU have to engage a larger building than the Holborn Town
Hall, which they occupied last year.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.

This month shows the latest manufactured of the Eemington
Type-Writer, which is a No. 2, writing with capital and small
letters with the one key-board. It is portable, convenient, and
highly finished ; the working parts are exposed to view, and it
is practically noiseless. Messrs. Bumar and Roberts, of 6,
King-street, Cheapside, are the sole agents for the United
Kingdom.

The uses of the Type- Writer have been so graphically des-
cribed, and explanations of the working of the machine so
thoroughly given in an article which appeared in the Times of
April 25, 1876, that it is unnecessary to do more than quote
some portions of it, to refresh the memory of thos3 who read
it, but which will at the same time be instructive to the un-
initiated. " The tendency of the present age is, undoubtedly,
to facilitate, and sometimes wholly to supersede, the most
delicate and complex manual operations by mechanical appli-
ances. Hence it is, perhaps, not so much a matter for wonder
that the art of writing is now threatened with extinction in
certain directions, by mechanical agency, the medium being a
highly ingenious apparatus, to which the name of tha ' Type-
Writer ' has been given.

" The notion of a writing machine awakened considerable
attention in the United States about seven years ago, and the
idea having been once started there, several inventors and
mechanical men immediately became engaged in the attempt
to solve the problem of mechanical writing. The Type- Writer
in its present form was perfected in the beginning of 1873,
and upon its success being practically demonstrated, Messrs.
Remington contracted to make 25,0U0 of the machines.

"The Type-Writer is about sixteen inches in length, the
same in width, and the same in height. On the top of the
apparatus is an indiarubber coated roller, termed the paper-
cylinder, and at the side of which, and parallel with it, is a
small wooden roller. Between these two rollers the top edge
of a sheet of paper is inserted, and the cylinder slightly re-
volved, so that the paper is brought into the proper position
to receive the first line of the writing. Immediately under the
paper-cylinder, and on a line with its axis, is tie ink-ribbon,
which is ten yards in length and one and three-eights in
width. At starting, the ribbon is wound on to a drum on one
side of the machine, from which it is slowly drawn off as the
operation of writing progresses, and by the aid of a spring is
wound on to a corresponding drum at the other side of the
machine, a portion of the ribbon of the length of the paper-
cylinder only being exposed to view at one time. Beneath
the ink-ribbon is a circular opening, seven inches in diameter.
In the case containing the mechanism, and it is at a point pre-
cisely in the centre of this opening, that every letter, figure, or
character is made to appear in succession to perform the
operation of writing.

" The types, which are of iron, and case-hardened, and
therafore extremely durable, are fixed in the ends of a series
of levers, each having its fulcrum at a point in the circum-
ference of the circular opening. In other words, the type-
levers are suspended round the opening in a well, the short
arms of the levers being connected with a series of wires com-
municating with the actuating keys, which are arranged in
four rows of eleven each, on a key-board nine inches long and
four inches wide, placed in front of the apparatus. A key for
forming blank spaces between the words extends along the
whole length of the key-board. The machine is worked by
both hands, in a manner similar to that in which a piano is

played. As each type is raised it strikes the under side of the
ink-ribbon, and the form of the letter is transferred to the
paper.

"At the same time, and by the means of a coiled spring,
the paper and its cylinder are traversed at each touch of the
key, from right to left of the machine, — the precise distance
required for the next letter to be impressed by the side of the
last one. By an automatic arrangement, a small bell is
sounded just before the paper-cyhnder has finished its lateral
travel, which indicates the circumstance to the operator. The
last letter in the given line having been impressed, the operator
presses a lever placed on the right of the machine, which
causes the paper- cylinder and its carriage to be traversed back
to the right of the machine, ready for its journey to the left.
The pressure of the lever also causes the paper-cylinder to
make a partial revolution on its axis, which brings the paper
down so as to form the space between the lines of writing.

" With regard to the rate of speed at which the writing can
be produced, it is to be observed that the average speed of the
pen is from fifteen to thirty words a minute, the average speed
of the Type-Writer being in ordinary just double. The uses
of this ingenious contrivance are so obvious and so numerous,
that we may content ourselves by observing that the only work
to which it cannot be applied is that of book-keeping and
writing in books. It is very easy to produce copies of the
matter written by using the copying-ink ribbon, and copying
the writing with the press in the usual way, or by placing
several sheets of paper on the cylinder with carbonized paper
between every two sheets. In this way a number of copies
from two to sixteen can be produced at once. The paper may
either be used in sheets or in a continuous roll. The ink-ribbon
can be used for several months without requiring re-inking,
but when that becomes necessary it can be renewed or re-inked
at a trifling cost.

"As an ingenious and practical piece of machinery it is well
worthy of inspection by all who are interested in mechanical
progress."

FOE SALE, 400 Pendleton Medium Shuttles, made by the
late Pendleton Company, in any quantity at Is. each. —
Apply to O. Robinson and Co., Champion Sewing Machine
Works, Kettering.

TO BE SOLD CHEAP, about 100 Sewing Machines
(Wilcox and Gribbs pattern). Some made to make a
stitch 3-8in. long. — For price and particulars, apply O. Robin-
son and Co., Champion Iron Works, Kettering.

ABOUT 300 Wheeler and Wilson Hooks and other fittmgs,
and about 100 Beds, bored, plained, and cut, and part
japanned. Lot to be sold cheap in parts. — Apply, O. Robinson
and Co., Sewing Machine Manufacturers, Kettering.

0 ROBINSON and CO., Sewing Machine Manufacturers,
• Kettering, Makers of the Family and Medium Machine,
in any quantity, finished in any style to suit customers. Heads
only, or mounted on stands complete. Iron work, suited to the
Singer Machine, fitted or imfitted. — O. Robinson and Co.,
Patentees, Iron and Brass Founders, Sewing Machine Manu-
facturers, and Engineers, Champion Works, Kettering,

ETON, NEAR WINDSOR.— To be let or sold, House and
Shop (good connection for sewing machine business ;
established 13 years) ; no premium; rent moderate ; immediate
possession. — Apply to Messrs. Cartland and Sons, Auctioneers,
Windsor.

ARTNER WANTED in a weU-estabhshed Domestic

Machinery Business in a large provincial to\vn. To a

steady practical man who can do repairs, this is an excellent

openiBg, Capital required about £200. — Address, A. B. C,

Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 4, Ave Maria-lane, E,C,

GENERAL AGENT WANTED IN ENGLAND.— A leading
German Manufactur-er of Oil Cans, of superior quality,
for sewing machines, desires to appoint a good Agent for the
sale of his goods m England. Those being well introduced in
the sewing machine trade should apply, stating references, to
B,F., 28, care of Rudolf Mosse, Chemnetz, in Saxony.

THE SEWING MACSlNE GAZETTE AUD JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIAITCES.

AtTOflsT 1, 1881.

THE ACME BUTTON FASTENEE.

A glance through the lists of patents that are published in
this journal from month to month will show that many scores
of inventors have racked their brains to produce some sort of
clip 01 clasp that will securely fasten a button. As a rule,
their inventions have been excellent in theory — but in theory
only — for when applied to practical use they have found to
be either too costly, too intricate in mechanism, or else they
have hurt the foot, worn the leather, or torn the lining. These
remarks apply to the majority of such inventions. However,

perfection as it is possible for a button fastener to be. We
have just put on a full set of buttons to a pair of big legged
ladies boots in the short space of iive minutes. Our illustra-
tions will clearly show the manner in which the fasteners are
applied. We need scarcely say that ordinary buttons only are
requii-ed. The following are the directions for using this
invention : — With the stiletto pierce a small hole in the
material large enough to allow the shank of the button to go
thi-ough. Pass the tongue of the patent fastener through the
shank of the button, as shown in the cut. Fig. A ; then with the
reverse end of the stiletto bend back the tongue, as in Fig. B,

f:W.A

FJCC

it is only reasonable to suppose that amongst so much chaff
there should be a few grains of corn, and, therefore, we may
naturally expect to see one or two good button fasteners. We,
however^ know but one, the Acme Button Fastener, which can be
really said to be of practical use to the shoe trade. This inven-
tion we described some months ago in this journal, but since
then the manufacturers, Messrs. W. '.Chase and Co., 16,
Little Trinity-lane, Upper Thames-street, have made a
valuable improvement in it, whict now renders it as near

and with the thumb and finger press the tongue down on to the
disc, as in Fig. C. These fasteners are compactly cased in.
boxes, each containing one gross, while the " ladies companion
boxes " contain 36 patent fasteners and 36 buttons. Steel
stilettos are also supplied by the manufacturers. We recom-
mend these to the trade as being extremely cheap, most easily
applied, and always firm and secure, and if used will effectually
prevent the complaints of the British public that " the buttons
are always coming off."

THE " VIADUCT " CHRONOGRAPH. i

This Timer, as supplied by Messrs. Thomas Smith and Son,
61, Holborn Viaduct, B.C., accurately indicates minutes,
seconds, and quarters or eighths of seconds. It has the
advantage over the ordinary centre seconds or stop watches by
possessing the very essential fly back attachment, which
brings the hands together ready for a fresh start from one
point. This special feature at once makes it a desirable
possession for timers of races, where false starts frequently
occur, as no record of the position of the hands need be taken,
which must be done in the ordinary centre seconds watch,
where the hands are not made to fly back always to one given
point.

The Chronograph Timer is the only instrument made for
measuring the eighth part of a second. It is positive in
action, substantially made, and does not easily get out of
order.

The Split Seconds Timer, intended for registering the time
of first and second in a race, is worthy of special notice by all
sporting men ; the split seconds attachment has till now only
been applied to high-priced watches, therefore placing it
beyond the reach of many.

It will be found that the " Viaduct " Chronograph combines
all that is needful for measuring time exactly to the fractional
parts of seconds.

BOARD OF TRADE RETURNS.

The Board of Trade Returns for the month of July, issued
on Monday, show no striking results ; but they confirm the
general impression that trade continaes fairly prosperous.
The broad features, both as regards the imports and exports,
are much as they were a month ago, and are also in close
correspondence with the results attained during the first half
of the year, when the imports decreased i5j per cent., and the
exports increased Ij. per cent. The total value of British and
Irish exports during July, was £20,429,000, compared with
£20,270,000 in the corresponding period of 1880, or an improve-
ment of about f per cent. Compared, however, with July,
1879, when the total was £16,611,000 ; the addition is as much as
23 per cent. In the imports the aggregate last month was
£32,151,000, against £33,362,000 in July, 1880, and £30,186,000
in July, 1879. The present figures are, therefore, 3^- per cent,
less than those for last year, but 64 per cent, higher than
those for 1879. Among the items on the import side raw
cotton and raw silk again show a heavy diminution ; but wool,
flax, hemp, and wood and timber are higher both as regards
quantities and values. Tobacco has conspicuously improved
over 100 per cent. In the exports the main feature is an in-
crease in the shipments of iron and steel, amounting to 13 per
cent, in quantity, and nearly 7 per cent, in value. Coal and
coke have at the same time improved 7 per cent, both as regards
bulk and price.

August 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINi! GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

FREE TRADE AND EECIPROCITT.
A few days ago Mr. John Slagg, M.P., for Manchester, de-
livered an interesting address on the above subjects to the
members of the Penge and Anerley Branch of the East Surrey
Liberal Association. In the course of his remarks he said :
The negotiations now in progress for the completion of a new
commercial treaty with France, have called special attention to
the subject of our trade relations vvith foreign countries, and,
doubtless the irritation caused by the attitude now assumed by
France in this matter has helped to raise the clamour for the
reimposition of import duties by this country from its normal
ctndition of a slumbering heresy into the active form of a
public agitation. I wiU attempt to tabulate, as well as I can
from the confused and conflicting expressions of these retro-
grade economists, some statements as to the objects they have
in view, and their method of obtaining them. We are told,
then, that the course they advocate is good for the purposes of
revenue ; secondly, that it will protect and foster our own in-
dustries : thirdly, that it is useful to coerce foreign nations
into granting us more liberal terms, or to punish them if they
exclude our trade ; and, further, this policy is commended on
the ground of its adoption by foreign nations, and the success
which is said to attend its practice. Firstly, as to the benefit
of a protectionist system to the revenue. Of course, the revenue
of a counsry must be raised in some way or another, and so
long as our expenditure is of such enormous magnitude, the
problem of raising it is becoming greater every day. Ton will
all admit that taxation in any form is a burden on the people.
For with every shilling which a man pays in taxes he might
make some useful purchase, or add to his accumulated wealth.
Thus the duty of tbe Government is not only to render taxa-
tion as light as possible, but to collect it in the cheapest pos-
sible way. You will also admit that any process which makes
an article artificially dearer is to that extent a deterrent to its
purchase ; and if that article be a raw material of manufac-
ture, or a first necessity of life, any addition to its cost would
react directly on the price of production, the rate of wages, or
the cost of living, causing a limitation of trade and an advan-
tage in favour of our industrial rivals. Let us briefly examine
the operation of Custom duties, which find so much favour in
foreign countries, and to which we are asked to revert in Eng-
land, because, we are told, they are successful in increasing the
revenue of a country. The same cry was in fashion before the
repeal of the corn laws, and for tbe benefit of those who have
not lately studied the operation of the policy then adopted, I
will briefly attempt to show that it is not the high but the low
duty which produces tbe greater revenue ; and nations who
still think that by reducing their Customs duties they will de-
crease their revenue may take heart from the experience of
this country since 1840. Tbe aggregate loss of revenue from
repeal or reduction of our duties between 1840 and 1879
amounts to more than £30,000,000, and yet we are enabled to
draw almost as much revenue from our Customs in 1879 as we
were in 18-40 ! Our export trade rose from the almost sta-
tionary sum of £51,000,000 in 1840 to the enormous total of
£256,000,000 in 1872, and though our exports to-day show
some decline on that extraordinary sum, yet it is only the
value, and not the actual quantity of goods, which has sensibly
diminished. How do we compare with protectionist countries
in the matter of revenue from Customs duties ? I find that
Great Britain stands only second on the list. The United
States, with her enormous tarifi: duties, receives £26,000,000
from this source: Great Britain, £20,000,000; France,
£10,000,000 ; whilst Germany and Pruss-ia follow with
£5,000,000 each. With this experience before us, how it
can bo urged that there is any better method of raising revenue
and of increasing our trade than by giving to commerce the
utmost freedom is to me incomprehensible. Indeed, instead
of more duties being required, we stand in need of greater
freedom from them, nor can we justly describe ourselves as a
free-trade country so long as we raise half our revenue by
Customs and Excise ; for we must remember that every tax on
wine, tobacco, or tea, imposes a restriction on the buying
powers of the nations who supply us with those articles, and
the more we can take from other countries tbe more they will
be able to buy from us. But I shall be told it is of little use

to decrease the cost of 'our productions, or incidentally to in-
crease the buying powers of the foreigner, unless he will
undertake to purchase our products, and that a free trade
which is only one-sided must operate disadvantageous!}' upon
those who adopt it ; further, that as the foreigner will not buy
our cheap goods when we offer them to him, we must protect
our own producer from the inciirsiijus of bis foreign rivals. I
observe that one of the favourite methods of increasing our
revenue and protecting our producers, is based on a proposal
to impose duties on foreign corn; and I must unhesitatingly
admit that, if the protectionist doctrine can hold good at all, it
would apply in the strongest degree to the industry of agricul-
ture, which labours in this country under such crushing
burdens. Commerce, as I have pomted out, is comparatively
free ; but agriculture is handicapped in every direction. It
has been seriously affected by a number of bad seasons, whilst
the feudal trammels which now lay such a heavy hand on its
develoi^ment, constitute an artificial tax on all engaged in it ;
and until the land is fr-eed, both as to the power of selling and
transfer, and our system of tenure thoroughly reformed, the
responsibility for ruinous farming must continue to lie at
the doors of the Legislature, and the people who permit
the grave abuses of our present system to continue. Thus
there is more reason in the cry for protection when it
comes from agriculture than when it issues from other
quarters, and if we would relieve oui'selves of responsibility
in this matter we must strive to effect a complete reform in
the land system of this country. But in respect of the legal
and constitutional burdens imposed upon land, we are no
worse off now than we were in the day of the corn duties ; and
did protection on corn ever improve the trade of the farmer,
or ameliorate the condition of the labourer ? It is matter of
surprise to me that anyone of reading and experience on these
questions should attempt to restore a system which has been so
thoroughly tried and found wanting in the past; and I
challenge any one to show that an import duty on corn ever
contributed one farthing to the prosperity of agriculture, the
profits of the farmer, or the wages of the labourer. If you
will look back to the thirty years during which the com laws
were in operation, you will find that agriculture was miserably
depressed, and that no less than five Committees of the House
of Commons were appointed to investigate the causes of its
misfortunes. Finally, the farmers became the most ardent
opponents of those laws, for they discovered that protection
did nothing more than increase the rents of the landlords ;
and when our landed gentry and aristocracy vaguely hint that
a recourse to protection would be good at the present time,
what they really mean is that it might be good for them ; and
the land system having absolutely broken down, their only
method of saving themselves and avoiding pressing reforms is
to go round with the hat to all the poor folk in the country to
keep the present system on its legs. It is strange to find so
many economists of the reciprocity type regarding with gloomy
forebodings the relations of our imports and exports. They
seem to hug the conclusion that it is an unfavourable sign for
the trade of a country when its imports are largely in excess
of its exports. Such misgivings could only be justified by the
old and long since exploded theory of the " balance of trade,"
which embodied a delusion that a country is rendered poorer
by the money which is exported from it, and under which it
was thought favourable to increase exports and discourage
imports, in order to limit as much as possible tbe amount of
money sent out of the country. Whether we are paid in money
or in kind for our imports must amount to the same thing in the
end. The money we export must have been paid us by someone,
as we do not command a natural production of the precious
metals ; and it is impossible to demonstrate the exact relations of
trade movements unless we could produce a balance sheet
showing our relations with all foreign nations, our invest-
ments m their public and private securities, &c. Further, if
we export goods to America, we must, in order to make a
profit, get more back than we send ; and if £100 worth of
coals from this country are exchanged f(,)r £200 worth of corn
we surely cannot complain of the bargain. But it will be said
we must tax only luxuries, for few would think of reimposing
the corn laws, or making raw materials of manufacture
dearer. Even France receives raw cotton without a duty.

TfiE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August 1, 1881.

These articles of raw production, however, constitute nearly
91 per cent, of our imports, leaving only about 9 per cent, to
be dealt with in this way, and even this would be somewhat
reduced, for many of ouv manufactured or semi-manufactured
goods are used by our industries in their various processes.
Therefore the amount left to work upon, taken in relation to
the enormous relative cost of colleciing small Customs duties,
the army of Custom House officers, and establishment ex-
penses, we should find that such a game would hardly "pay
for the candle.' Nor would it be possible to single out any
one country for treatment of this sort. Though we may
receive certain goods from France, we cannot be sure that
they are produced there. They may only come to us through
that country from Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, or other
parts of the Continent ; and, as it would be impossible to
demand certificates of origin in all this multitude of transac-
tions, no other course would be left than to apply a uniform
duty to all foreign nations alike. Now let me deal with the
favourite suggestion of an import duty on silk. No doubt
such a duty would greatly limit our imports of that article
from France. Unless you impose this duty, however, equally
on all silk-producing countries, the French importer would
pass his shipments through some other country ; and if a
duty were imposed on all foreign silks the cost of the article to
the English consumer would be increased by the amount of the
duty. It might be argued that this advance in prices would be
distributed amongst the manufacturers and operatives, and an
improvement in trade thus secured. But any increase in the profit
thus obtained by the manufactm-er would at once attract a
larger amount of capital to the industry, and the competition
for the trade would speedily reduce its returns to the normal
level. Thus the consumer would be fined, whilst the manufac-
turer would receive no benefit. But it is vain to suppose that
the process of taxing imports would be allowed to rest at this
point. Other industries besides that of sUk complain of the
influence of foreign competition. The operatives in the cotton,
iron, and woollen industries would soon insist on a share of
the general protection, and parliamentai-y elections would
speedily be influenced here, as they unhappily are in America,
by considerations of tariff advocacy and the claims of special
trading interests to the benefit of State aid. We cannot,
therefore, depart in the slightest degree from our principles of
free trade without opening the door to a complete reversal of
our present system. I can foresee no end to the progress of
such a movement, but a complete policy of restriction in every
department of our trade. Is there any reason to believe that
the commercial system in Prance is operating beneficially on
her principal industries as shown by her export operations ?
I find from a parliamentai'y return, just published, that in 1859
cotton manufactures exported from France amounted to
£2,600,000, whilst in 1879 their exports were £2,500,000;
while the exports in 1859 in England were £38,700,000, and
in 1879, £51,000,000. Even the French export of silk manu-
factures had declined from £20,000,000 ia 1859 to £9,000,000
in 1879, whilst our exports of that article have somewhat
increased during the same period. It is probable that the
falling off in French silk exports is due, in some degree, to
a change of fashion, tke fine woollen fabrics of that country
having to some extent taken the place gf sUk ; but there
is no reason whatever to suppose that the woollen fabrics
which are now supplied to us from France cannot be
made as well in England. The French have paid special
attention to this manufacture in preparing and spinning theii'
wools, and we must follow suit. Indeed, I have heard of one
manufactm-er who, having copied the French process, can now
imsell the French " makes " in their own country, even with
the addition of duty. Though some French industries have
developed of late, they are far from being able to beat our own.
If they were able to do so they would appear as rivals in
neutral markets, where all pay alike ; but, as a matter of fact,
no such rivalry seriously threatens us. For the benefit of
those who think that protection has succeeded in America, I
will quote a few words from the writings of Mr. Ecroyd, M.P.,
who, with some appearance of inconsistency, advocates at least
a partial recourse to that system in England. Writing of the
visits of our artisans to that country in search of better em-
ployment, he says: — "Many have returned from America
during the past five years, disgusted with the extremes of the

climate, the mode of living, the inordinate power wielded by
great trading and carrying corporations, the lax enforcement
of laws, and the rigid party organisations which trample down
individual liberty of opinion. For true comfort and true
liberty they infinitely prefer their native country." What is
a commoner sight in our large manufacturing towns than that
of workmen who, having tried America, are glad to exchange
the blessings of protection for the hardships of free trade ?
Do the rate of wages in America and the cost of living offer
any encouragement for the adoption of her commercial sys-
tem P Men talk and write glibly of the extreme occasional
depression and great fiuctuations in the industries of this
country ; tut there is nothing of the sort in America and in
France ? Why, the smallest, inquiry into this subject will
show that leading industries in America are periodically driven
to the point of destitution, and that even the enormous advan-
tage afforded by their protective duties does not save manufac-
turers from the necessity of exporting their productions for
the purpose of r-ealising at any price in foreign markets — a
fact which is largely responsible for the popular impression
about competition of American manufacturers in England.
With her vast natural resources, America has got on pi-etty
well in spite of protection ; but her commercial system will
inevitably one day produce great evils, and is already tending
to create pauperisiu, a condition which ought never to show its
front in a country so largely endowed with all the means of
producing wealth. Does protection succeed in France ? One
would suppose not, judging from the Parliamentary inquiries
which are constantly in progress there for the purpose of
ascertaining the causes of commercial depression ; and it is
amusing to find these inquiries almost invariably attributing
the sufferings of French commerce to the influence of foreign
competition. Thus, we have no monopoly of the foreign
competition grievance, for I find it chronic in all protectionist
countries, with or without evidence, and ever ready as a plea
for still more protection, which, however, never did, and
never will, cure the evils complained of. We hear very
little in this country of troops of workpeople
marching about French towns demanding either work
or bread. Surely these things should not be in a
land so largely blessed by protective tariffs. In my
opinion, there is a day of heavy reckoning in store for those
Governments who try to rob the peo2)le for the benefit of a class.
Taxes so levied are only permitted because their influence is
not thoroughly understood ; but the evil consequences of the
system are nevertheless felt, creating a sentiment of discontent
and hardshiji amongst the poorer classes, and providing the
elements from which Socialism and revolution are evolved.
Now, as to coercing foreign countries who deal with us, bj' im-
posing duties on our imports from them, I have tried to show
that whatever merit such a process might have as a form of
commercial " revenge " or " retaliation,'" it could by no means
be profitable to us, and it must continue to be a matter of
opinion as to the amount of suffering and expense we are justi-
fied in imposing upon ourselves in order to mark our disap-
proval of the economical fallacies of other countries. Mr.
Bonamy Price has remarked that, though retaliatory duties
cannot be economically profitable, they may nevertheless be
adopted as a warlike procedure ; and there is no doubt what-
ever that by refusing to receive certain products of French
industry we might deal a sore blow to the trade of that
country ; but I have already shown that such an attempt would-
not end with France, who is not the greatest offender in this
matter. We should be driven step by step into a general war-
fare of tariffs, and I ask you: Does the past experience of
commerce encourage us in such a line of policy, or could we
ever afterwards urge with consistency the adoption of a more
liberal commercial policy on the part of other nations, when
we had thrown to the winds our own convictions, and denounced
the principles which have made this country the greatest
trading nation in the world ? I regard it as most unfortunate
that at the present time any persons of influence and position
think it consistent in the same breath to invite concessions
from France on her present tariff duties, on the ground that
they will be beneficial both to herself and her neighbours, and
yet hold over her the threat that if she does not comply with
this request we must adopt the very policy which we condemn
as antagonistic to om- own commercial interests.

AnoTTST 1, 1881.

THE SEWING- MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HINTS ON REPAIRING THE SEWING MACHINE.

By COGTfHKEL in the Sewing Machine News.

Years ago, when the sewing machine business was in its
infancy, and but few kinds of machines were upon the market,
the adjusting and cleaning were done by the agent. The onlj
tools used were the screwdriver and the wrench. But now,
sincethe business has become extensive in its application, and its
different branches occupy so large a space in our manufacturing
industry, when almost every family in the land owns a sewing
machine of some kind, and the wear and tear upon it is con-
tinually going on, some needing cleaning, some adjusting,
Bome bushing, and some requiring to go through a general
repairing, it is evident that the business will in a few years be
one of the leading trades, and that it will need special tools
and a widely extended knowledge of sewing machines for
carrying it on successfully. It will require careful study ami
observation, and must be learned by actual work, the same as
any other trade. While it is not within reason that any one
person can be capable of going into the business without some
experience, yet it does not follow that the sewing mashine
man who puts the sign over his door, " Sewing Machine
Repairing," must necessarily be a practical machinist to.be a
good adjuster or repairer, for some of the best repairers of this
country are of a class of men who picked the business up
while in their capacities as workers, agents, or teachers.

The " Hints" for this month are intended for the guidance
and assistance of those who are located in small towns, and
who have no new parts on hand or within reach at the time
needed — a class already very numerous, and getting more so
every day, and to whom I hope the following instructions will
prove useful : —

The sewing machine that has been used for ten or more
years, when brought to the shop for repairs, is generally so
much worn that to make it do good work new pieces must be
put in, or bushing must be resorted to.

The holes or bearings of journals, shafts, &c., through which
they work, when worn, usually require bushing ; and every
repairer has his own way of taking up loose motion in
benrings, but I believe the following to be the easiest and
quickest plan :

Drill six or more pin-head holes around the hole of the shaft
bearing, about an eighth of an inch from the edge, and about
the same depth, acccording to the diameter of the hole, then
slip in the shaft and tap gently each hole with a centre-punch,
and you will find the hole will conform to the shaft.

To take up the lost motion in band wheel, drill two holes
about a fourth of an inch through the journal in opposite
directions ; heat red hot, drive a tapering punch through the
holes until it swells to the required size. Another plan is to
ream out the outer end of the journal-hole of the wheel in the
same manner as if you were going to put in one of the patent
journals ; then fill with melted lead or babbit metal, and smoke
the journal ; this insures its coming out of the hub easily after
it is cold. To make the metal fill every time, it is necessary to
heat the hub very hot, or at least hot enough almost to melt
the metal. I have seen repairers fit needle-bars in by this
plan, and they would work satisfactorily.

Holes worn too large in iron or steel parts can be closed by
using a round-faced hammer on a planished surface.

It is sometimes necessary to repair broken cast-iron parts,
or to attach a piece to them. As you are awBre, solder will
not stick to cast-iron, and I think the following a good plan
to make it stick : Drill as many holes into the cast-iron as you
think necessary; force brass wire into the holes and cut them
off even with the surface ; then the solder will stick, and you
can make a perfect joint. Although the solder has no affinity
for the cast-iron, it has for the brass wire.

Almost any round or square piece can be dovetailed ; but
drilling can be done much more quickly. Some repairers,
when they find any small bearing or hole very much worn,
ream out the whole to a larger size, and fill it entirely up with
a plug, then braze or solder it in by sweating, and finally drUl
out the desired size hole. To do this kind of work, the re-

pairer should have a good force or ratchet drill. Treadle and
the pitman connections can be filled up and drilled out very
easily, and also the hubs of band wheels. Cross-pins can be
used for taking up the lost motion in the eyes of wooden
pitman-rods. J would advise the apprentice to give a little of
his time to the study of instruction on this subject ; he will
find in almost every town some person capable of giving such
information. There is hardly any subject upon which the
most of the repairers have as little correct information as upon
the subject of bushing.

I have been brief in my remarks upon some of the points,
yet I have given all the knowledge necessary for the beginner
to make the start. At some future day I will give some other
methods adopted by the repairer.

ASBTRACT OP SPECIFICATIONS RECENTLY

PUBLISHED.

(Abstracts marked * relate to applications not proceeded with.)

3774. Self-Acting Needle for Knitting Machines :
F. W. Schwarzbach, Naumburg-on-the-Gaale, Prussia. [6d.
20 Figs.] — The improved self-acting double-knitting machine
needle is formed of two separate parts. The lower part is
made of a flat or square bar of metal and is provided with a
hook at its forward end. This hook is made longer than its
height. The forward end of the lower part is provided on its
upper surface with a groove, part of which is rectangular.
The upper or loose part of the needle is arranged to slide
along the lower part and is also formed of a rectangular rod,
part of the under surface of which has been cut away to
diminish its sliding surface. The front end of the upper bar
is bent downward to catch in a groove in the upper surface of
the needle, and when moved forward will strike against the
angular point of this groove. (September 17, 1880.)

4634. Open Fireplaces : J. Jobson, Derby, [8d. 17 Figs.]
— There are three ways of escape for the smoke : (1) the ordi-
nary one to the chimney ; (2) a passage leading from the
upper part of the back of the fireplace downwards ; and (3)
an opening just above the level of the bars. If the top is
closed the smoke will be mostly drawn down through the fire
towards the lower opening, where it will be met by air, which
has entered the middle opening, and been heated in its passage
down the back of the fireplace and will be consumed.
(November 11, 1880.)

4697. Ribbing Apparatus for Knitting Machines:
W. H. Beck, London. [6d. 6 Figs.]— Relates (1) to the
employment in knitting machines of a pillar secured to a
fixed part, and carrying an adjustable arm, the whole being so
constructed as to hold the ribbing apparatus in the required
position over the needle cylinder. (2) To the employment of
a double socket piece with lock nuts and set screws whf reby
the arm can be adjusted in all directions in relation to the
needle cylinder. (3) To an index finger or arm fixed on the
upper end of the spindly of the needle plate for adjusting the
needle plate on its centre, and for holding it circumferentially.
(4) To a ribbing apparatus, considered as a whole, independent
of the cam cylinder except as regards the transmission of
motion therefrom to the cam plate. (November 15, 1880.)

4703. Twisting ok Doubling Machines : J. E. Heppen-
stall, Milnsbridge, Yorks. [4d. 2 Figs.] — To save time in
doffing the ring rail is lowered before the full bobbins are
removed, so that the yarn is lashed a few times round the
spindle below the braid. When the empty bobbins are put in
their places the ends are ready to take round them as soon as
the frame starts. (November 15, I?80.)

4704.* Burners for Lamps : F. Rosenthal, London. (M.
Berger, Breslau). [4d. 5 Figs.] — Air is admitted into the
interior of the wick tube, which is circular, through apertures
in the base of the lamp, and is brought into contact with the
flame by a circular deflector plate situated horizontally a little
above the upper edge of the wick. (November 15, 1880).

4761. Domestic Geates and Stoves : H. Thompson,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

AnatisT 1, 1881.

London. [6d. 8 Kgs.] — In replenishing the fire the incan-
descent mass is first raised by the introduction of a flat plate,
and then the fresh fuel is placed on the bars and the hot coals
allowed to fall back upon it. (November 18, 1880.)

4766. Locks and Keys: T. E. Julian, London. [6d.
20 Figs.] — It is stated that exigencies of the doors of an
ordinary house require eight different patterns of locks, and
the object of the invention is to produce a look that shall fulfil
the whole of the conditions usually found by itself. The
details of the mechanism are somewhat too minute for descrip-
tion here. (November 18, ISSO.)

4767. Tricycles, Bicycles, &c. : H. WeatherOl, Man-
chester. [6d. 23 Pigs.] — Has reference to the axles and
bearings, and comprises means for keeping the wheels in posi-
tion, dust caps, split bearing bushes, conical friction brakes,
driving clutches, and foot brakes. (November 19, 1880.)

4498. Treadles fob Sewing Machines : R. Steel, C. H.
Binns, A. Steinmitz, C. A. Spring, and W. A. Nichols, Phila-
delphia, U.S.A. [6d. 7 Pigs.]— The treadle is hinged to the
underside of the table, and is provided with a spring which
tends to keep it at the forward end of its stroke. (November 3,
1

48i9. Cooking Appaeatits : L. W. Leeds, London. [6d.
6 Pigs.] — The apparatus is intended for cooking by direct
radiation. The grate is very shallow, and is backed with fire-
brick. The flue leads out of the back of the five so as to cause
the di-aughtto pass through the burning fuel. (November 23,
1880.)

4826. Machines fob the Manufacture of Heels foe
Boots and Shoes : S. H. Hodges, Street, Somerset. [6d. 2
Figs.] — The boot is placed on a last in front of a vibrating
hammei', and the sides or edges of the heel are planished to fill
up the spaces between the different layers of leather. (No-
vember 22, 1880).

4829. Bicycles, &c. : H. Hayward, Gloucester, and J.
Day and J. H. Gosling, Southsea. [6d. 3 Figs.] — The wheel
is driven by multiplying gear in the hub of the wheel. (No-
vember 22, ]

4872*. Combined Cabinet and Musical Instrument,
&o. : A. King, London. [2d.] — The musical box is built into
any convenient recess in the cabinet. (November 24, 1880).

4873, Bicycles and Tkicycles : T. J. Palmer and C. F.

Dieterich, London. [6d. 5 Pigs.] — The speed of the machine
is increased by the use of geai'ing carried wichin the hollow
boss of the wheel (November 24, 1880).

4878.* Silent Mincing Machines : J. Marshall, Glasgow.
[2d.] — The invention deals with nearly all the details of the
machine with the view of increasing their efficiency. (November
24, 1880.)

4888.* Washing Machines : A. C. ColHngs and F. Bryant,
Wimbledon. [2d.] — The clothes are acted upon by a number
of inclined slates moved by a rocking frame. (November 24,
1880.)

4923.* Sewing Machines : L. Silverman, London, and J.
R. Cumming, Little Uford, Essex. [2d.] — The invention, the
exact object of which is not stated, appears to comprise new
mechanisms for sewing machines, but in the absence of draw-
ings cannot be clearly understood. (November 26, 1880).

4929. Knife- Cleaning Machine: T. S. Lyon, London.
[2d.] — The knives are cleaned between two endless travelling
hands supplied witlj emery. (November 26, 1880.)

4934.* Selp-Acting Needles : W. Tatbam, Ilkeston. (J.
A. Deslongchamps and Co., Puteaux, France.) [2d.]— These
needles appear to be intended for use in stocking frames. In
one modification the stem of the needle is hooked at one end,
and has the opposite end turned up or down at a right angle
to the stem, but in a line with the bend of the hook. The
stem is grooved, and in the groove there slides a covering
point, the end opposite to the point being turned up at a

right angle, and forming the portions whereby the point is
caused to slide in the stem, so as to cover or uncover the
hooked end. (November 27, 1880).

4935.* Kneeler and Bucket Stand foe Servants, &c. :
J. Northwood, Wordsley, Staffordshire. [2d.] — Both the
kneeler and stand are set upon wheels, so that the user can
scrub the whole floor without rising to move the various
appliances. (November 27, 1880.)

4937. Apparatus foe Heating Water, Mulling Beer,
&c. : B. J. Grimes and L. Dove, London. [6d. 1 Fig.] — The
apparatus consists of a jacketted urn. Within the jacket hot
water from a gas-heated boiler situated in another apartment
constantly circulates. (November 27, 1880.)

4944.* Gas Stotf: : S. Smith, Croydon. [4d.J— The gas
and air is mixed in a vessel of wire gauze and burnt on its
upper surface. (November 27, 1880.)

1169. Saddles of Bicycles, &o. : W. R. Lake, London.
(C. H. Veeder, Plattsburg, N.Y., U.S.A.) [6d. 17 Fig.]—
Is for arrangements of spring saddles. (March 17, 1881.)

The following list lias heen coinpiled expressly for the "Sewing

Machine Ganette," hy Gr. P. Redfeen, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,

Finslury, London, and at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 2,125. H. Pricker, of Great Portland-street, London, for im-
provements in plaiting machines. Dated May
28, 1878.

„ 1,575. W. Taylor, of Great Driffield, Yorkshire, Sewing
Machine Manufacturer — partly a communication
from J. H. R. Dreyer and H. Shipmann, both of
Hamburg, Germany, for improvements in sewing
machines and in shuttles for the same. Dated
May 4, 1878.

„ 1,633. D. Mo C. Smith, of Lynn, Massachusetts, United
States, for improvement in feed motions for
' sewing machines. Dated May 8, 1874.

„ 1,635. G. W. Elliott, of Birmingham, Engineer, for improve-
ments in sewing machines. Dated May 8, 1874.

„ 1,884. J. Higgins, Machine Maker, and T. S. Whitworth,
Manager, both of Salford, Lancashire, for im-
provements in machinery or apparatus for pre-
paring cotton and other fibrous materials for
spinning. Dated May 29, 1874.

„ 2,390. W. A. Lake — a communication from A. K. Hebard,
of Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, for
improvements in pianofortes. Dated May 31,
1881.

„ 2,424. G. P. Elder, of Lochee, North Britain, for improve-
ments in overhead sewing machines. Dated
June 2, 1881.

„ 2,428, J. Hargrave, of Burley, Leeds, Gentleman, for im-
provements in machinery or apparatus for
olpaning and polishing knives. Dated June 2,
1881.

„ 2,432. T. • G. Wells, of Birmingham, Perambulator Manu-
facturer, for improvements in and relating to
perambulators. Dated June 2, 1881.

„ 2,447. W. R. Moss, of Bolton, for improvements in machinery
for combing cotton and other fibrous substances.
Dated June 3, 1881.,

„ 2,469. C, Pieper — a communication from E. Brdncker, of
Cologne-ou-the-Rhine, Prussia, for improve-
, ments in lock-stitch sewing machines. Dated
June 7, 1881.

AuoTJST 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

No. 2,481.

„ 2,485. P.

„ 2,516. J.

„ 2,517. J.

„ 2,546. H.

„ 2,556.

„ 2,565.

„ 2,568.

„ 2,584. H.

„ 2,603.

„ 2,613.

„ 2,631.

„ 2,632.

„ 2,680.
„ 2,690.

W. E. Lake — a communication from E. Harris, Manu-
facturer, and A. "W. Harris, Merchant, both of
Providence, Ehode Island, United States, for
improvements in and relating to machinery for
spinning fibrous materials. Dated June 7, 1881.

Smith, junior. Machine Maker, and S. Ambler,
Draftsman, both of Keighley, Yorkshire, for
improvements in spinning and twisting
machinery. Dated June 8, 1881.

Brentnall, of Mansfield, for new or improved
jacquard machine or mechanism, for producing
in fabrics ornamentation of various kinds, for
hosiery and other purposes. Dated June 9, 1881.

Imray — a communication from La Societe les
Fils deCartier Bresson, of Paris, for an improved
appliance for winding and holding tape. Dated
June 9, 1881.

J. Haddan — a communication from M. I. Leooeur,
of Darnetal, France, for improvements in sewing
machine gearing. Dated June 11, 1881.
J. Carroll, of Bradford, for improvements in combing
machines. Dated June 13, 1881.

E. J. Lewis, of Beading, Watchmaker, for improve-
ments in tricycles andother velocipedes. Dated
June 13,1881.

F. E. A. Busche, of Schwelm, Westphalia, Germany,
for improvements in apparatus for regulating or
governing the patterns of work to be produced
in braiding and other like machines. Dated
June 13, 1881.

J. Haddan — a communication from J. B. Prevost,
of Brionne, France, for improved coverings for
rollers, used in spinning machinery. Dated
June 14, 1881.

J. Clough, of Grove Mills, near Keighley, Spinner, for
improvements in the washing of wool and other
fibres. Dated June 15, 1881.

A. L. Bricknell, of Water-lane, Brixton, London,
Engineers, for improvements in velocipedes.
Dated June 16, 1881.

E. and T. A. Underwood, both of Birmingham, for
a distance indicator for bicycles and similar
machines. Dated June 16, 1881.

N. Eraser, of Arbroath, Forfar, North Britain, Manu-
facturers, for improvements in plaiting fibrous
or other flexible materials, such as strands,
threads, yarns, slivers, bands, or wires, and in
machinery therefor. Dated June 16, 1881.

L. H. Pearce, of Hammersmith, London, for improve-
ments in monocycles or one-wheel velocipedes.
Dated June 18, 1881.
P. Alexander — a communication from G. C. Des-
prin, of Pujols-de-Libourne, France, for improve-
ments in clamps for sewing machines and other
machines of like character. Dated June 20,
1881.
„ 2,706. W. P. Thompson — a communication from M. F.
Sallad, of New York, United States, for improve-
ments in fixing and finishing the folds of plaited
fabrics, and in apparatus or machinery therefor.
Dated June 20, 1881.

„ 2,720. J. Petrie, of Eochdale, Machine Makers, for improve-
ments in machinery or apparatus for washing or
cleansing wool and other fibrous materials.
Dated June 21, 1881.

„ 2,722. W. E. Lake — a communication from G. W. Copeland,
of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for im-
provements in wax-thread sewing machines.
Dated June 21, 1881.

„ 2,737. W. Eiley, Mechanic, of Keighley, and J. Riley,
Mechanic, of Bradford, for improvements in
spinning. Dated June 22, 1881.

„ 2,755. J. Sefton, of Belfast, Ireland, Mechanical Engineer,
for improved " drives " for sewing machines.
Dated June 24, 1881.

„ 2,757. J. and T. A. Boyd, of Shettleston, Lanarkshire, for
improvements in machinery for winding, doubl-
ing, and twisting yarn or thread. Dated June
24, 1881.

„ 2,773. A. M. Clarke — a communication from P. Townson, of
Thompsonville, Connecticut, United States, for

improvements in spinning and twisting ma.
chinery. Dated June 24, 1881.
No. 2,812. T. J. Denne, of Eed Hill, Surrey, for improvements
in sewing machines for ordinary and button-hole
stitching. Dated June 27, 1881.

„ 2,832. P. A. K. Cook, of Londonderry, Ireland, for improve,
ments in smoothing irons. Dated June 28,
1881.

„ 2,856. L. A. Groth — a communication from W. Schmid, of
Pallazzolo sul'Oglio, Italy, for improvements in
spindles for doubling machines. Dated June 30,
1881.

„ 2,890. W. A. Barlow — a communication from L. Naudin and
J. Schneider, both of Paris, for a new or im-
proved method of bleaching animal and vege-
table fibres and textiles. Dated July 2, 1881.

„ 2,892. A. Barker, of Leeds, for improvements in scrbbling
and carding machinery. Dated July 2, 1881.

„ 2,895. G. Lowry, of Salford, Engineer, for improvements in
tricycles, bicycles, and other wheeled convey-
ances. Dated July 2, 1881.

„ 2,903. G. B. Lovebee, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for
improvements in perambulator and other wheels
having metal spokes, and in grips for adjusting
such spokes. Dated July 4, 1881.

„ 2,917. G. W. von Nawrocki — a communication from A.
Englisch, of Basle, Switzsrland, for an improved
construction of thread bobbins or winders for
sewing machines and other purposes. Dated
July 4, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued) for the following : —

No. 5,187. J. Summerscales, of Keighley, Machine Maker, for
improvements in washing and wringing ma-
chines. Dated December 11, 1880.

„ 5,255. J. B. Farrar, of Halifax, Machine Maker, and W.
Lumb, of Mytholmroyd, near Halifax, for im-
provements in machinery employed in spinning
and twisting wool and other fibres. Dated
December 15, 1880.

„ 5,369. A. Smith, of Bradford, for improvements in combing
machinery. Dated December 22, 1880.

„ 5,410. W. Hillman, of Coventry, Machinist, for improve-
ments in velocipedes. Dated December 23,
1881.

„ 5,413. H. H. Andrew and W. Lockwood, both of Sheffield,
for improvements in the construction of metallic
frames for washing and wringing machines,
chaff and turnip cutters, and other similar
frames. Dated December 23, 1880.

„ 5,418. E. M. A. Duguid — a communication from S. S.
Herring, of Liberia, Africa, for a new or im-
proved process of obtaining fibrous material
from a palm tree. Dated December 24, 1880.

„ 5,508. W. Fox and J. HaU, of Leeds, for improvements in
machinery or apparatus for preparing and feed-
ing fibrous substances on to scribbling and
carding machines. Dated December 31, 1880

„ 43. A. Watt, of Lewisham, Kent, for a new compound
for washing and cleansing purposes, and appa-
ratus to be used in its manufacture. Dated
January 4, 1881.

„ 49. W. E. Lake — a communication from Messrs. Gourdiat,
Freres, of Earare, France, Manufacturers, for an
improved cloth-stretching or tentering machines.
Dated January 4, 1881 .

„ 61. J. Holden, of Swindon, Wiltshire, Engineer, for im-
provements in the method of actuating sewing
machines, applicable to lathes and other
machines, for starting, stopping, and regulating,
or governing the speed thereof. Dated January
5, 1881.

„ 105. J. Whittinghara, of Willaston, Nantwich, Cheshire,
Engineer, for an improved mop wringer. Dated
January 8, 1881.

„ 208. E. W. Morrell, of Bradford, Merchant, and J. Shaw,
of Belle Isle Dye Works, Wakefield, Dyer and
Finisher, for improvements in machinery or
apparatus for preparing, scouring, crabbing,
steaming, tentering, drying, and finishing textile
fabrics. Dated January 15, 1881.
„ 282. E. K. Settle, of Coventry, for improvements in or

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

August Ij 1881,

appertaining to velocipedes. Dated January 22,
1881.
No. 336. M. Gandy, of Liverpool, for an improved mechanical
motion for imparling intermittent rotary action,
particularly applicable as a feeding gear for
sewing machines, also applicable otherwise.
Dated January 25, 1881.

„ 367. J. H. Johnson — a communication from V. G. Jarion,
of Lille, Prance, for improvements in apparatus
for starting, stopping, and regulating the motion,
of sewing, embroidering, pinking, and other
machines or apparatus. Dated January 27, 1881.

,, 618. W. H. J. Grout, of Watson-street, South Hornsey,
London, Engineer and Bicycle Manufacturer, for
improvements in obtaining and applying motive-
power to velocipedes, and in appliances therefor.
Dated February 14, 1881.

„ 729. G. G. M. Vernum, of Birmingham, Mechanical
Engineer, for improvements in bicycles and
tricycles and other velocipedes. Dated Febru-
ary 19, 1881.

„ T. Humber, T. E. Marriott, and P. Cooper, all of Beeston,
Nottinghamshire, Bicycle Manufacturer, for im-
provements in the construction of wheels for
bicycles and other vehicles. Dated March 2,
1881.

„ 1,108. G. W. von Nawrocki — a communication from E.
Sehrke, and Messrs. Biildge and Eildebrandt, all
of Berlin, for improvements in cop spindles and
appliances connected therewith, for continuous
spinning machines. Dated March 15, 1881.

„ 1.478. W. Mather, of Manchester, Engineer, for an improved
method of and apparatus for cleansing, washing,
dyeing, bleaching, soaping, and otherwise treat-
ing woven fabrics. Dated April 5, 1881.

„ 1,532. W. Graham, of Monk Bretton, Yorkshire, Smith, for
improvements in swifts, or apparatus for holding
hanks of worsted, cotton, linen, or other kinds
of yarn or thread whilst being unwound. Dated
April 11, 1881.

„ 1,583. J.H.Johnson — a communication from C. H. Willcox,
of New York, and J. E. A. Gibbs, of Steele's
Tavern, both in the United States, for improve-
ments in sewing machines. Dated April 12,
1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 2,249. W. Hillman, of Coventry, Machinist, for improve-
ments in bicycles and other velocipedes. Dated
June 5, 1878.

„ 2,258. W. Morton, of Edinburgh, for improvements in
bicyles. Dated June 6, 1878.

„ 2,259. W. Cochrane, of Glasgow, Pattern Designer, for im-
provements in apparatus for-hot pressing woven
fabrics. Dated June 6, 1878.

„ 2,268. J. Eraser, of Perth, and -J. Ower, of Swan-street,
Minories, London, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated June 7, 1878.

„ 2,063. S. C. Lister, of Bradford, Manufacturer, for improve-
ments in preparing and combing silk waste and
other fabrics. Dated June 13, 1874.

„ 2,104. J. B. Whiting, of Broomfield, Chelmsford, Essex, for
an improved hot-air stove for warming and ven-
tilating. Dated June 17, 1874.

„ 2,188. A. M. Clark — a communication from E. Baillet, of
Paris, for an improvement in papering or making
up pins. Dated June 23, 1874.

Specifications Published Dueing the Month.
Postage Id, each extra.

No. ,2,226. E. Green, bearings for bicycles, &c

„ 3,683. J. Bywater, C. Bedford, and T. Kershaw, Jac-

quard apparatus 0

3,897. E. Clements, washing machines, &c 0

4,012. W. E. Lake, velocipedes ... 0

4,019. J. L. Emory, velocipedes ... ... ... ... 0

4,025. G. Browning, attachments for sewing machines 0
4,029. O. Jones and W. O. Williams, machinery for

driving velocipedes, &c 0

4,037. L. Avis, velocipedes ., ,. 0

No. 4,108. F. and J. Mitchell, pickers and stoppers for

looms 0 2

„ 4,137. G. Illston, sewing machines Q 8

„ 4,195. G. Illston, tricycles, &c o 2

„ 4,204. W. E. Lake, embroidery apparatus for sewing

machines 0 6

„ 4,219. H. E. Schreiber, pianofortes 0 6

„ 4,257. E. C. P. Otto, velocipedes 0 8

„ 4,313. J. Warwick, sewing machines 0 6

„ 4,321. W. C. Errington, bicycle lamps 0 2

„ 4,330. T. Bradford, machines for washing, rinsing,

and churning .. . ... ... ... ... 0 6

„ 4,336. W. E. Lake, spinning machine spindles ... 0 8

„ 4,406. P. and T. Craven, machinery for spinning ... 0 6

„ 4,410. J. A. Bennett, yarn winding frames 0 2

„ 4,430. S. and A. Keats, sewing machines 0 6

„ 4,447. T. P. Best, velocipedes 0 4

„ 4,460. L. 0. Michael, velocipedes .. 0 2

„ 4,480. W. E. Hart, tricycles 0 2

„ 4,498. E. Steel, C. H. Binns, A. Steinmetz, jun., C. A.
Spring, and W. A. Nichols, treadles for

sewing machines, &o. 0 6

„ 4,506. G. Taylor, shirts, &c 0 2

„ 4,525. A. Heaven, embroidery by machinery and orna-
menting fabrics ... ... ... ... 0 6

„ 4,543. W. Martin and J. Hind, Jacquard needles or

cross wires 0 4

„ 4,575. T. Butler, velocipedes ... ... 0 2

No. 3,774. F. W. Schwarzsbach, self-acting needle for

knitting machines 0 6

„ 4,088. E. H. Charsley, tricycles 0 6

„ 4,243. E. G. Brewer, pianofortes 0 6

„ 4,315. N. Marshall, knitting machinery 0 8

„ 4,416. E. Whalley and J. H. Stott, spinning machines 0 6

„ 4,432. W. Hillman, velocipedes 0 8

„ 4,456. A. G. Duncan, holders for embroidery, lace, &c. 0 2

„ 4,605. A. M. Clark, sewing machines 0 4

„ 4,613. J. Beale, bicycles 0,2

„ 4,653. T. Pritchard, junr., velocipedes 0 6

„ 6,658. E. Hughes, tricycles 0 6

„ 4,670. W. H. Dorman, sewing machinery ^for boots

and shoes, &c 0 6

„ 4,691. E. E. Osborne, A. P. Mathewson, and J. Guild,

spinning machinery 0 6

„ 4,706. S. Thacker, manufacture of cloth in circular

knitting machines 0 4

,, 4,725. A. Capra, J. B. Eissone, and S. Detoma,'piano-

fortes, &c. ... ... ... ... ... 0 6

„ 4,732. T.Williams, junr., and W. Sangster, machinery
for forcing suasage meat into skins, &c. ...

„ 4,763. C. G. Hawkins, velocipedes, &c.

„ 4,767. H. Weatherill, tricycles, bicycles, &c

„ 4,797. C. A, Barlow, machine embroidery, &c.

„ 4,799. Sir T. G. A. Parkyns, velocipedes, &c

„ 4,836. C. Necker and E. Horstmann, whip-stitch sew-
ing machines

,, 4,858. W. E. Lake, machinery for breaking or

scratching flax, hemp, &c

„ 4,867. C. Pieper, wool-washing machines

„ 4,873. T. J. Palmer and C. F. Dietrich, bicycles and

tricycles
„ 4,880. T. Craven and T. Muter, spinning machinery...
„ 4,888. A. G. Collings and F. Bryant, washing machines
„ 4,917. J. E. Hancock, bobbin-net or twist lace

machines ... 0 10

„ 4,919. J. H. Northrop and J. Clough, spinning

machinery, &c. 0 2

„ 4,923. L. Silverman and J. E. Cumming, sewing

machines ... ••• ••• ••• •■. 0 2

„ 4,929. J. S. Lyon, knife cleaning machines 0 2

„ 4,934. W. Tatham, self-acting needles 0 2

„ 4,935. J. Northwood, kneeler and bucket stand for

domestic servants, &c. ... ... ... 0 2

„ 4,948. W. H. Thompson and P. G. Henwood, velo-
cipedes, &c 0 6

„ 4,975. J. Mitchell, washing machines ... 0 6

„ 4,976. W. Pox and G. Brown, rollers for wringing and

mangling machines, &e. ... 0 2

„ 4,984. C. P. Cross, treating jute, hemp, &c 0 4

„ 5,086. H. H. Lake, carding machines 0 6

„ 1,169, W. E. Lake, saddles of bicycles, &o 0 6

Auoust 1, 1881

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

"The Coventry Triumph" Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON, ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE '* EXPRESS" BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

^WHOLES j^LE ^nsTD ^oi?. "B x: "P O K. T ^ T I o I^-

THE LAEGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

OEWINR

Machine "Belt"
Manufacturers.

ACHINE VITTIN6S

Oil

Manufacturers

Warehouse.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &c.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

Price Lists Free. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOR FAMILY V E
YET OFFERED TO THE PTTBLIC.

No. 1.
„ 2. .
„ 3.

- - - £1 10 0

- 2 2 0

2 10 0

Liberal Discount to the

Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers,

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co., ''^ _ _

93, HIGH HOXjEOE/HST LOlSriD OIST.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

AtJGUBT 1, l88i.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6d.

HAEPEE TWELVETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HAEPER TWELVETREES'

mDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

fatrong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
niaintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the '' Gem of Clothes- Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
inslantly without labour, droppmg them into the basket nearly dry enough to ircn or
mangle. Thes6 well-known and much-prized Clothes-Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
delitate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25 ., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-iuch Rt>llers.

Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.

Wholesale Quotations, Pest free, from

HARPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT)

(RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively sui-passes all olli rs. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply rn;iivellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary ccpper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Mr^chire ai id is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and snch terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECTJEED BY
KOTAL

LETTEES
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OvEKTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of .Inly, page 68 ; — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUE OP WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

lAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

214. Iiichfleld Road, Aston, Birmingham.

AwtfsT i, issi

THE SfiWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator, Will start at a moment's notice.

Power. ~ „ ?^'S^-„

One Man «25 0 0

One-and-a-half Man SO 0 0

Two Man ?^ 2 „

Four Man 50 0 0

W
H

W
H
<1
Pi
<

w
o

w
d

J. E. H. AJN^DREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

fi.

a-"

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS

J^ Or EITTS "W^ISr T E ID .

OILS.

IMPEEIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CRYSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
"SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES-

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In 3 1 1 '\\ i^ \yVi\ n f n PS

SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC
TURING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKER

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists oe Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO..

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 lOS., OK WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does the Fortnight's Family
"Wash in Four Hours, without rub-
bing OR BOILING, as certified by
thousands of delig:hted purchfisers
It is easy to work, easily under
stood, sti'ongly made, durable, doe-
not inim-e the clothes, but really
saves them ; and is the only Wash-
ing Machine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecessary, and
saves five or six hours of copper-
firing- each washing day. The Five"
Guinea "Villa" Washer possesses
tremendcus washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minutes ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in flve
minutes; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour ; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
hour ; 3^- dozen shirts per hour ; 1
dozen sheets per hom*, and coimter-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is im.
paralleled! Illustrated Pro.spectupfi
and Export Quotations post free

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LArNDKY ENGINEEK AND MACHINIST,

riNSBTJRY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.G.

80,

AGENTS WAMTED.

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's " Paragon "
Washing Machine.

THE SEWING MA.CH1NE (JAZEf TE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

AtrotTST 1, 1881.

o go ^

H g H o

H ^ H H

O Eh O H

O c^ O o

^ ^ W H

S fi ^ 5

W 03 o <1

2 o o «

^ ^ rt o

SIX- CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLISHED U52.

No. 2 PERS'EOTION. .faokson's Patent.
12 Uiles an Hour Obtainable.

Especially suited to Ladies. Price £16.
Easy, Safe and Graceful^

TIMMS & CO.,

EAST STREET WOEKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUFACTURERS OP

TRICYCLES AND
BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

AND

PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

Illustratedt Lists on application^

Favourite Rotary Action.

Compact and Neat.
Frice £14 lis.

AususT 1, 188].

THE SBWIN& MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CHARLES J. THUELOW,

OS
M

M
o

■3 p

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJfCHESTER

UJ S

</)

CO . .

-oZ

-=c z -^

s <

^^ i

^ -J

L°

=^
e

to
■a
^^

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Double Sec-
tion Hollow
Bims, 18s.6d

'''''''■ .^rftTT

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market.

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R. Racer is the liehtest and most ri^id machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fitting's stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

TNDIARUBBER BICYCLE and CARRIAGE TYRES of every description kept
in stock, and supplied by return. Indiambber Air Saddles, 7s. 6d.. post free

all kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or finish. Uustrated Price
,iBt, 1 Stamp. SuiTH & Co,, Indiarubher Manufacturers, 87. Clack nan-st., Locdon

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFACTUKERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium (Vfacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANUFACTTTRERS OF THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair.

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESCBIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa" Lock-
stitch Seivhig Machines, and Eoyal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock-Stitch Sewing Machines from 27/ each.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. Ve Fontainemoreau !f Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBUBY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £1; Belgian, £S;

German, JEIO 10s. ; United States, il7 10s. Designs and Trad*

Harks Kegictered. Ciroular gratis on applicatioib

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTTHNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Augtiit 1. 1881.

HILL

Te & COOP

Works :-
London : 97, Cheapside.

VENTEY.

Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OP THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

aaUliUI HERaLnTiLtuurfB
MAKCBfl.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

BALL BEARINGS.

On the " D.H.P. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

TESTHMZOnsri^LS.

Please send another large size "Cooper's Patent" Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
gnrndest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. Tattebspield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
utiifaction. Tours truly, H. Eevell Eeynolds, jun., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Eetnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

All Oommunications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

■fm

Au&usT 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 30

B"Y- si=»EOiu^i-. j^T>FCDxisrms/L:EiJsTrr.

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

R.F.&J.ALEXANDER&CO.,

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST CxRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

CROFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON.

LONDON ■WAEEHOUSE:

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,
for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords— Soft and Glace Cottons.

SUN AlOoN STAR

Best Quality. Medium Quality. Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

THR SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIINCES.

AuaosT 1, 18S1

THE PATENT

">€OLUS" BALL BEARINGS

ARE

UNIVERSALLY

ADJUSTABLE,

DUST PBOOE,

DURABLE,

AND

REQUIRE

BUT SLIG-HT

LUBRICATION.

EiarTATION.

FEONT VIEW.

BACK WHEEL BEARINGS.

See

Testimonals

and

Reviews.

See

Testimonials

and

Reviews.

ELBVATIOK.

As a Proof of their Superiority over all others,

Mr. H. L. CORTIS, Amateur Champion,

Won the 25 and 50 MILES AMATEUE CHAMPIONSHIP RACES on a Bicycle fitted with "^olus " Bearings,.
BEATING EECOED TIME, and in a Five Mile Eace BEATING EECOED TIME in Three, Pour, and Five Miles.

In the SIX DATS' EACE at LONDON, April last, rode the Unprecedented Distance of 220 MILES and some od*
laps without dismounting from the Bicycle or once Oiling the Beamings.

SOLE PROPRIETOR AND MAKER

AVILLIAM BOAVN,

308, SUMMER LANE, BIRMINGHAM,

ALSO MANUFACTUEEE OF

Best Steel Balls, Bicycle Fittings, and Eeqnisites of every
description and General Stamping in Iron and SteeL

N.B,— Considerable reduction in price of the " -^olus " Bearings this Season.

Printed for the Proprietors, ajid Published by them at 4, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.
AUG. 1ST 188 1_

TPIE RExMINGTON TYPEAVRITER,

So]o Aseiils:
BEEMAN Z( ROBERTS,

6, King Street, Cheapside, London.

zfojve^ & GuwB^f^soH,

$ Ljttu Tr/mtv Lane, ec

Vol. IX. No. 130.

SEPTEMBER 1. 1881.

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS. &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MID6LEY,

MANUFACTUEEBS OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to every home, and the delight of everv wife.
Price, 22 inches £5 10s. Rollers with Brass Caps.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, J 881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

Patents 19. 20

New American Bicycle 21

Facts and Figures in Bankruptcy 21

Which is the Best Machine .' 22

Faure's Electric Accumulator 23

Leaders 24

Our Illustrated Supplement 25

Xent's Knife Cleaning Machine 26

Gazette 27

Adelaide Exhibition 27

American Inventions 28

The Balance Sheet 28

New Fur Sewing Machine 29

Sewing Machine Motor 29

The Way India Rubber is Gathered 30

Professor Fowler on Feet and Fashion 30

Furniture Trades' Exhibition 3I1 32

LIST OF ADVEETISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyxe Manufacturers:

Centaur Co 33

Devey, Joseph & Co 34

Hosier and Co 34

Harrington & Co

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 3^

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Surrey Machinists Co 35

Timms & Co IS

Warman, Laxon & Co 34

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W

Devey, Joseph & Co 33

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Warwick, Thomas 24

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Warwick, Thomas 24

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 14

Howe Machine Co., Limited 6

Fork Cleaning Machine :

Hutchison & Co 2

Gas Engine Makers .-

Andrew, J. E. H , 37

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 7

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co l8

Daville & Co 37

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 15

Evans, Walter & Co. ;

^wiNG Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W

Daville, R. S. & Co. . . . , 37

Manasse, Max 35

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Baer and Remple 33

Gritzner & Co 5

Holroyd, J 7

Howe Machine Company, Limited 6

Junker & Ruh

Mothersill, R 7

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 6

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 24

Singer Manufacturing Company 12, 13

Thurlow, Charles 35

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Watson & Co 35

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 3

White .Sewing Machine Company 4

Wright,G.E 35

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company 33

Daville & Co 35

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company 33

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Cariile & Co 15

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 40

The Remington Type Writer:

Beeman and Roberts •. 33

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Oifices 10

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Daville & Co 37

Garrie and Co

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley I

Twelvetrees, Harper 36 & 37

Theobald, E 36

Wolstencroft & Co 35

Whitley & Co 37

Taylor & AVilson 9

Taylor, F. D 36

SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page .£4

Half „

One Third Page

Quarter „

One Sixth „

One Eighth „

;4 0

per

insertion

2 2

1 8

1 2

0 15

0 12

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Bestaurants, and Private Houses. It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDEK,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, &c. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware -
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.
J Prices, in Tin Canisters, .^Ib., 6d. ; 1-lb., 1/; 2-lb., 1'9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in.

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET,

Messrs. HUTCHISON & Co.,

ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.G.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOB,

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Lig-ht, Medium, or Powerful, from ,£5 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for wliicli the " GRAND PEIZE " was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the
thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work ,

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work ,

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c ,

The Well-known Original Family and. Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 «& 2 Prices, £6 lOs

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVKR, complete, £5 5s

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

£8 10s.
£10.

£8 10s.
£7 10s.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London. Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, fil, Bold Street.
Hiniiin'ifhain, Steplieiisnn Place,
j^righti'n, 1*53, North Street.
jjriutol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Waicof Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, "W'p.jt Grain;:rprStrpr'+.
Middleslmrour'h, .'i-i, Newport

Road.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street,
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Conev Street,
"finclfoi-l. ?7, TvitpI Sn-ppt.
Edinburgh, 7. Frederick Street.
Glasjjow, 71, X^nion Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green,

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, Lnodnn Inn Sfpmre,
Torquay, 11">. t'ui'in -ireet.
Taunton, 2, High Street,
Stroud, 1, John Street,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THEWI

MACHINE COMPANV.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST.. LONDON, E.C.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WH!T£ SEWING MACHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for I t-j^ i Every maGhine
all work. J-i> Warranted for

12 various mTTT'T-p 5 years. Legal
styles. |l-ll£/JK| guarantee.

ATTRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

CO
^9

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

ITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, Loudon. E.G.

:Sept. i, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

6RITZ

I m

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabincl;

At DURLACH,
rmany.

-d

ctf

-a

•T3

c-j

[t1

<:
Z

■s

•a

<I'

►J

rt
&

Fig. A.

OPEN

Chair

Withdrawn.

TO SE^TsTiisra- jiv^j^oiaiin^E DE^LSji^s,

O p

-h 5

S.- o.

fl)

locked
being

a
%

D- d

CO to

s s

p. ^

^ o

5 C"

^ ^

f»

3 S

1 *

o 5

3
7f

•-t #-^

?7 TO

^'a

• <

Fig. B

LOCKED

Chair and

Sewing Ma-

chine wi

thin

^mm

C^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above thos*
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-
pearl, and liighly ornamented in hard painting by special

OABINET

^WIW

Furnished

for all systems of machines

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerous. 3xhibitiong.

Novel !
Cheap!
Solid I
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

artists. All mai hines with loose wheel
and self-acting winder.

EXHIBITION

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted thronghnnt thP TTnitPH Kii^^dr^rr.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

GANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

■ This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its time name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "AVeir5ss. Machine, "&c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

EEWAKE OF ALL COTJNTERrEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples ot
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

-A.O-ElSr'rS ■V'iT-.A.ilSrTED.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863

THE ELI/I$ HOWE SEWINB MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPRESSLY FOE BOOT & SHOE MAKERS,

FOR

SADDLE AND HA?iNESS MAKERS,

AND FOIt

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)
A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

I Brancli Offices and Agencies in ex-zry Town in the UnitecJ
3 Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samjyles oj YVork FREE on ajjplication.

EASY TERMS OF PlTrCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company,

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

StPT. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade iu England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled exeellence.

THIS JIachine, by its simplicity and construction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangerhent perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s,

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELSA HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly caUed
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No, 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE^

The ditto Hand ditto

NETT CASH, by the Half Dor.
BETAIL, WHOI/ESiiLE,

[S]

£4 14

£2 0

3 10

1 7

2 2

0 17

610

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

33Y3 per cent, off List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

- Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely without lubricants.

THE SEWING MAC&INE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC AttLIANCES. Sbpt. 1.1881.

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

R.F.&J.ALEXANDER&CO.,

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA.

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

GROFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON.

LONDON WAREHOUSE:

No. 9,. BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

■U\3'V\JX'^-^1XLJ. «,

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords— Soft and Glace Cottons.

SUN AlOO(» STAR

Best duality. Medium Quality. Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

Sbpt. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 9

Sjdney Exhibition.

A WA RD S

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Frizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, tborouglily seasoned, and are all fitted with OUi
weU-known patents and appliances, wliich cannot be supplied by aay other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & AVILSON.

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

THE SEWlSra MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Sbpt 1, 1881.

ESTABLISHED 1836. ¥ K^

STUBBS' MERGAl^TILi; OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LOIS^DOI^, E.C:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF OFFICES :

For IRELAND.

(■DUBLIN— 21, College Green.
( BELFAST— 55, Victoria Stra,-i

For SCOTLAND.

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
( EDINBURGH— 4, Cockburc Street.

BIRMINGHAM— to. Exchange Buildings.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambere.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South MaU

NORWICH- Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH -85, High Street.
SHEFPIEliU— 86, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCESTER— 6, College Court.
LEEDS— 1, Eas* ?arade.
LIY i RPyOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.
With Aoenis and Cor'respondentB throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United States of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London.

BELFAST— The Northebn Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bank op England.
DUBLIN— Thb National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The National j!ank op Scotland
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bank op Liverpool.
MANCHESTER- Manchester and Salford Bank.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

, With their various associated Agenci'SJ, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Hankers, Merchants
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TSRavrS OF STJESCR-IFTIOKF ^

(Except for Special Service and Financial Departments, in which the Rates ^vill be flxed by Agreement according to the

circumstances.) One, Two, Three, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.

PROSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PARTIGULAES ON APPLICATION.

O .A. TJ T I O IT .

There!" no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercanrile Ofifices (situate at the corner of
King St.. opposite Guildhall), excef. the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

Sept. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. H

SECOND ANNUAL

LEATHER

TRADES'

EXHIBITION

Agricultural Hall,

SEPTEMBER 26, 27, 28, 29, & 30,

Ji^i<rjD

OCTOBER 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8,

ISSl.

1 ■?ro 3/iAv/ T

Forms of Application for space and full Particulars
may be obtained upon application to

JOHN H. RAFFETY,

Managing Director, Agricultural Hall, LondoU;

OE TO

FREDK. TANNER LAURENCE,

Secretary, 36, St. Thomas Street, Southw&rk, S.E.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CUMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold in the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.

THE GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attributabla

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch,

AND FOE THEIR

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

from

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4 Os. h

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

i»E!ia -week:!

No Household should
be w^ithout one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Sewing. So simple, a

child can work them.

MANUFACTURERS should see th«
Manufacturing Machines I

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.Q.

323 Branch Offices in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

U?, Chc&pside, E.C.

132, Oxford Street, W.

81 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, Southwark Park Eoad, S.E,

878, Clapham Kofrd, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Koad,
Cftnning Town, E,

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E.
4a, North Ind, Croydon. S.E.

SiPT. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF D6ilE9TIC APPLIANCES

THE SIN

RING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapside, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camdec Town, N."W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blut
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S.W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
I, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking- Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W. ; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, Snnth Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4;», North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

Accrin^on, 9, Peel-etreet
A.ldershot, Victoria-road
AJlreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylesbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church-Btreet.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsle;;, Eldon-street
Barrow-m-Fumess. il,Dalkeitk-

street
Bath, 5. Quiet-street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29. South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, Woodbine-tcr., Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport-street
Boston, 3i, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' Instit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Jircntwood, 3, Crown-street
BrierhtoD, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, Hiph-street
Bromley (Ketit), 18, High-street
Burnley, HO, St. James'-street
Burton-on-Trcnt, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St.-Edmund3,7&,St.John-st,
Cambridge, 17, Betty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lomc-bldgs., Bank-st.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chehnsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, l,Corporation-bldgp
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, Well gate
Coalville, Station-street.
C')lchester, 32, St. Botolph-atreet
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7. Mill-street
Coventrv, - .12, Fleet-street (oj

Bablake Ohurch)
Crewe, 87, Nantwich-road
Darlington, 10, Prebend-row
i)artford, 18, High-stra^it

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36, Pai-k-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -aill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 6, Strand-
street j
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street I
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
T^^ecles, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, Nt-w-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema-.-oCre-t
Guernsey, 17, Smith-stre6o
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 63, Hish-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, 11, Westmorelan'-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heekmondwike,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-Street

Maldon, Higli-street i

( \0!), Ma'ket-street
Manchester ] 132, Cheeiham-hill
( 438, Stretford-road
Manninctree, Hi>,'-h-street
Mansficlil, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Marlu't Hrirboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middle3l,oro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-bmldings,

Cliapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirk?ate
Nowcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-]

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street I
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street |
Newport {I of WiL-ht) . 91, Pyle-st.i
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton. 3, Market-square
N'jrthwicL. 17. Witton-street
Norwich, .^?, London-street
Nottingham, 20, AVTieelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshin-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskii-k, 58, Au<;hton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgatc

Hertford, Forden House, Ware- Oxford, 3, New-road

road

Hexham, 20, Market-place

High Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.

Hinckley, Castle-street

Huddersfi^ld, 8, New-street

Hull, 61, Whitefriargate

Huntingdon, High-street

Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street

Ipswich, 19, Butter-market

Jersey, 14a, New-street

Keighley, 2, Market-place

Kendall, 3, Wildman-street

Kiddepminster, Bull Ring

Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-sti-eet)

Leamington, 38, Windsor- street

Leeds, 14, Boar-lane

Leek, 27, Russell-street

Leicester, 44. Granby-street

Lewes, 164, Hish-street

Liverpool, 21, Bold-street

Longton (Staffs.), 12. Market-ter,

Loughborough, 44, Market-place! Saffron Waldcn. Church-street

Lowestoft, 123, High-street Salisbury, 56, Fjshept.on-street

Luton, 32, Park-street -» ' Salford, 4, Cross-^ane. and 100,

Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street

KftidatonT, 8, King-st"'

Penrith, 8, Castlegate
I Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
I street

i Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl
I Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
I Portsea, 165, Quecn-street
[ Preston, 147, Friargate-.^/creet (op-
I posi^e Lune-strect
I Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road

Rawtenstail, Banb-street

Reading, 61, London-street

Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Ripley, Market-place
lapon, 1, Blossomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham, 109, Main-street
Rugby, Lawlord-road
Runcorn, High-streec
Ryde (Isleof Wighti, 78, Union-st,

I Regcnt-roaJ

I Searborongh, 30» Huiitrinj-row

Scotholrac, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19,Kirkgate
Shi'cwsbury, 4, Mnrket-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-stri'ot
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-.street
South Stockton, 19, .Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'-Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, W^d-st,
Sti'oud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station street
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth, 54. Church-street
Taunton, Erid^-e-street
Torquay, 58, Flcet-'^treet
Truro, 13, Victoria-p/ace
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstalli 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kifkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
Watford,. Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union -street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, H. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles -street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberrsiwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen - strecrt;
Carmarthen, 7, I-ammas-strect
Carnarvon, 5, liridge-strffet
Dolgelly, Marhet-hall
Meithyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, T-'avket-hall'
Pontypool, Market-hall
Pontypridd, M.irket-hall
Swanaea, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-street
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, eo. High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cu] ar-Fife, Gl, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackhall-rt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, High-^^reet
Kirliwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stilling, SI, Murray-place
Tain, Lamington-street
Thurso^ Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Oglc^treet
Athlonc, Church-street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-?*
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Oarlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. George's-street
Dublin, 69. Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 15, High-street
Fcrmoy, 1, ICing-street
Galwav, Domnick-street
Kilrusb. Moorc-street
Kingstown, 65k Lower Cieorge^ri
Limerick, 31, Patrick -street
Londonderry, 1, Carlisle-road
Mullingar, Greville-street
Navan, Trim gate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Qviecnstown, Harbour-row
Sligo, 45. Knox-street
Trak-e. iO, Bridge-street
Waterfotd, 124, Quay
WeTiord S«Ifiku-«tr«eU

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JotjRiTAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

fhe ONLY GOLD MEDAL at PARIS for BOOT & SHOE MAGHINERl

■ UPPER LEATHER MACHINERY.

Lining or Kid Cutting Press.

Upper Leather Splitting Machine.

THE BLAKE «& GOODYEAE BOOT AND SHOE MACHINEEY CO., LIMITED

Sbpt. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL 01? DOMlSS'i'lC APPLIANCE^. IS

iiwiii siffii iiiiPiifiiiii

o
o

H
O

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and. Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABm^ED 1752.

No. 2 PERFECTION. Jackson's Patent.
12 Miles an Hour Obtainable.

Especially suited to Ladies. Price £16.
Easy, Safe and <Jraoeful,

TIM MS & CO.,

EAST STREET WORKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUPACTUBBBS OF

TRICYCLES AND

BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

AND
PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

niuatraiedi Lists on a^licaU<yn<

^Favourite Rotary Action.

Compict and Neat.
Price £14 lis.

THE SEWI-IG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES Sept. 1, issl.

JUSTIN

OWNE

H PT

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN EROWNt! can refer to customers whom ha has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of whom have
expressed the gi-eatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of the
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retaU, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &c., which aa a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, 'an 'lan offer an equally good instrument at a nauch lower figure^

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE

PIANOFORTE

287 & 239, EUSTON EOAD, LONDON, ENGLAND.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

EAU DE COLOGNE

OP THE

NUN

MARIA CLEMENTINE MARTIN,

Opposite the CATHEDRAL. COLOGNE.

" The samples of Bau de Cologne sent to the Exhibition by Maria
Clementine Martin, Nun, of Cologne, were unanimously acknowledged
by the Jury as the best. The precious liquid seemed to contain all the
different scents, whilst, on evaporating it, none of them became par-
ticularly recognizable. Martin's Eau de Cologne, which was rewarded
with the Prize Medal, in general, served as means for comparing and
judging the other perfumes. " In bottles. Is. , 2s. , 33. , 53. 6d. , and lOs. 6d.,
of ail Chemists, Perfumers, and Fancy Dealers.

SOLE ASENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM,

ARTHUR I. JOSEPH, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

I'E.ICE

2 oz. shorts, Eau de Cologne

4oz. „ -

4 oz. „ -

Half-pints - -

Pints - . . . -

Quarts ....

Small cases assorted to order

(of

XjIST.

Duty paid, net. In bond.

- - 8/. - 5/-

- - - 15/- — 10/-

- wickered 20/- — 15/-
- . - - 25/- — 17/3

. . . 50/- — 34/6

. 100/- — 69/-

not less than £3 value in bond)

delivered free freight, less 7i per cent, discount. May be obtained on
these terms of any Wholesale House, or at the London Depot :—

1 and 2, AUSTEALIAN AVENUE,

H, C. MASON, Agent.
THE MOST PROFITABLE BRAND.

THE

BIRKBECK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR IVIILLIONS.c

How to Purchase a House for
Two G-uineas per Month,

With Immediate Possession and no Rent to pay. — Apply at
the OfBoe of the Biekbeck Building Society, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Purchase a Plot of Land
for Five ShiUings per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
purposes. Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Fkeehold
Land Society, 29 & 30, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Invest your Money with
Safety,

Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Bank, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. Deposits received
at varying rates of interest for stated periods or repayable
on demand.

Current Accounts opened, and Interest allowed on the
minimum monthly balances. English and Foreign Stocks and
Shares purchased and sold, and Advances made thereon.

Office Hours from 10 to 4 ; except on Saturdays, when the
Bank closes at 2 o'clock. On Mondays the Bank is open unlil
9 o'clock in the Eyening.

A Pamphlet with full farticulars may he had on application. ^

Francis Kaveriscroft. Mamre

J. & H. BER

i\. I VI a \ma CL ^ iV n

t^rrrp ,_^ THE ORIGINAL MAKERS OF

^EbT__MACHINE SILK AND BOOTMAKERS' HAND-MADE SEWING SILKS,

"^"^ HAVE INVENTED AND ARE NOW MAKING A "^

FOR THE BOOT TOPS AND FANCY LEATHER WORK.

Samples can be had direct on applirafion to

J. & H. BERMINGHAM,

COMPTON MILLSj LEEK, STAFFORDSHIRE.

THE SEWINO MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLJANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE "WANZER

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWIIG MACHrNES.

First Prize Medals, Honours <& Awards, wherever Exhibited,

THE NEW " LITTLE WANZEE."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running

Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s.

WANZEE, "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZEE " P " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs,

WANZEE "E" Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of all kinds.

£8 8s.
WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING
MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. T/u

only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER *M"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It combines all the hioivn advcntages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Guineas complete.

The Wander Sewing Machine Company ^

LIMITED,

Chief Office-4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVERAGE MONTHLY DELIVERY (Including Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT REPLACING STEAM ENGINES FROM 1 to 40 HORSE POWER IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
MANCHESTER.

mmi im„ mm

MANCHESTER.

LONDON HOUSE:

f lie, Queen Victoria Street, E.O,
LONDON.

Sept. 1 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The folloiiiing list Ms been compiled expresshj for the "Sewing
Machine Gazette," by G. P. Eedfeen, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, omd at Poms and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No 2,934.

„ 2,936.

,., 2,947.

„ 2,952.

„ 2,965.
,. 2,999.

3,016.

3,018.

3,019.

3,039.

G.
H.

W. Scott, of Haverstock-hill, London, for an improved
combined rotary k nife and fork cleaner. Dated
July 5, 1881.

E. Jones, of Liverpool, for improvements in tricycles,
parts of [which are applicable to other velocipedes
with more than two wheels. Dated July 5, 1881.

W. E. Lake — a communication from C. A. Dresser, of
Southbridge, Massachusetts, United States, for
improvements in machinery for cleaniug and
opening fibrous materials. Dated July 5, 18S1.

L. A. Groth — a communication from H. E. P. Hose-
mann, of Berlin, for new or improved process of
preparing textile materials with chemical solu-
tions of silk, wool, or feather down, or mixtures
thereof. Dated July 6, 1881.

W. E. Lake — a communication from L. Borgognon, of
Basle, Switzerland, for improvements in weavers'
heddles, and in machinery for manufacturing
the same. Dated July 6, 1881.

H. H. Lake — a communication from P. V. Goda;d, of
Paris, for an improved machine for cleaning and
polishing knives. Dated July 7, 1881.
L. 0. Davidson, of Hanover-square, London, for
improvements in velocipedes. Dated July 9, 1881.
J Haddan — a communication from J. B. William,
of Ober Soultz, Germany, for improvements in
spinning machine rollers. Dated July 9, 1881.

W. E. Moss, of Bolton, Lancashire, for improvements
in machinery for combing cotton and other
fibrous substances. Dated July 9, 1881.

H. E. Newton — a communication from C. Gavioli, of
Paris, for improvements in apparatus for
mechanically playing pianos, organs, and similar
instruments. Dated July 11, 1881.
J. T. Barrett, of Gray's-inn-square, London,
Solicitor, for improvements in bicycles and tri-
cycles, and a method of converting bicycles into
tricycles. Dated July 12, 1881.
Coulthard, of Preston, Lancashire, Machinist, for
improvements in machinery, or apparatus for
spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous
materials. Dated July 12, 1881.
A. Barlow — a communication from Monsieur P. P.
Baudouin, pere, of Paris, for improvements in
circular combing machines for combing cotton,
■wool, silk, and other fibre. Dated July 12, 1881.

H. Eobinson, of Bolton, Lancashire, Spinning Manager,
for improvements in mules for spinning and
doubling cotton and other fibrous materials.
Dated July 13, 1881.

H. Shaw, Lecturer, University College, and E.
Shaw, of Clifton, both in Bristol, for improve-
ments in speed indicators for velocipedes, and in
the mode of combining the same with the break-
lever, and also in the method of attaching the
break to the vehicle. Dated July 14, 1881.
J, 3,108. H. J. Haddan — a communication from L. Puitevin, of
Amfreville-sur-Iton, Pracce, for improvements
in apparal us f or scouring and cleansing. Dated
July 16, 1881.
„ 3,110. W. H. Howarth, of Cleckeaton, Yorkshire, Architect,
for improvements in the mode of propelling
tricycles and other vehicles. Dated July 16,
1881.

„ 3,043. G.

„ 3,046. T

„ 3,048. C

3,066.

3,077. H. S

3,127.

3,180.

3,196.

3,200,

3,212.

3,222.

„ 3,111. C. M. and J. A. Elstob, of Great Saint Helen's.
Bishopsgate-street, Within, London, for improve-
ments in apparatus for the exhibition of goods
and advertisements in shops, shop windows,
bazaars, and like places. Dated July 16, 1881.
„ 3,120. H. Brandes — a communication from T. Harbeck and
A. Hasperg, both of Elmshorn, Prussia, for im-
provements in washing machines and kiers.
Dated July 18,1881.
A Greenwood — a communication from A. Schule, of
Basel, Switzerland, for improvements in sUk
dressing machinery. Dated July 18, 1881.
J. G. Smith, of Eussell-street, Eccles, Lancashire,
Buildei', for improvements in tricycles. Dated
July 21, 1881.
J. Browne, of Euston-road, London, Pianoforte
Manufacturer, for improvements in pianoforte
actions. Dated July 22, 1881.
A. Burdess, of Coventry, for improvements in driving
mechanism for tricycles and like vehicles. Dated
July 22, 1881.
G. Singer, of Coventry, for improvements in veloci-
pedes. Dated July 22, 1881.
E. P. and W. H. Carey, and W. Partington, all of
Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, Bleachers and
Pinishers, for improved apparatus for drying
fabrics at tension. Dated July 23, 1881.

„ 3,233. T. Coulthard, of Preston, Lancashire, Machinist, for
improvements in machinery or apparatus for
spinning and doubling cotton and other fibrous
materials. Dated July 23, 1881.

„ 3,245. T. Brown, of Euston-road, London, for an improved
monocycle, or one wheel velocipede. Dated July
25, 1881.

„ 3,269. J. Bradley, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States,
Knitter, for improvements in circular knitting
machines. Dated July 26, 1881.

„ 3,272. J. H. Johnson — a communication fromW. Eennyson, of
Norris Town, Pennyslvania, United States, for
improvements in bicycles. Dated July 26, 1881.

„ 3,289. W. K. Hydes, of ShefBeld, Engineer, for improve-
ments in the construction of bicycles. Dated ■
July 2'!, 1881.

„ 3,298. D. Mills, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United
States, for improved apparatus or mechanism to
be applied to a sewing machine, to adapt the
same for stitching or sewing button-holes.
Dated July 28, 1881.

„ 3,323. 0. H. Openshaw, of Bury, Lancas-hire, Cotton Spinner,
for improvements in the method of and means
for mounting the spindles of spinning ma-
chinery. Dated July 30, 1881.

„ 3,343. J. M. Tyrer, of Crosby, Lancashire, for improvements
in velocipedes. Dated August 2, 1881.

„ 3,371. P. Wirth — a communication from P. Praechter, of
Heidelberg, Germany, for improvements in
velocipedes, partly also applicable to the driving
mechanism of sewing machines and other ma-
chines driven by foot power. Dated August 3,
1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —

No. 188. J. C. Mewburn — a communication from E. Antoine,
of Pourmies, Prance, for improvements in
sewing machines. Dated January 14, 1881.

„ 260. J. Turner, of Coventry, and J. A. Lamplougb and G.
P. Erown, both of Birmingham, for certain im-
provements in the seats of tricycles, also applic-
able to other analogous purposes. Dated January
20, 1881.

„ 326. E. H. Brandon — a communication from J. H. Morley,
Mechanical Engineer, of Holyoke, Massachusetts,
United States, for improvements in sewing
machines and button feeding devices adapted to
be used therewith. Dated January 25, 1881.

,, 428. H. M. Knight, of Surbiton, Surrey, for improvements
in stocking and sock suspenders. Dated February
1, 1881.

,, 433. W. H. Bulpitt, of Birmingham, Lamp Manufacturer
and Tin Plate Worker, for improvements in hand
lamps, bicycle and tricycle lamps, and other
lamps. Dated February 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

No. 438. B. W. Maughan, of 41, Cheapside, London, Gas
Engineer, for improvements in apparatus for tbe
heating of water and other liquid, applicable to
bath and other purposes. Dated February 2,
1881.

„ 500. W. E. Gedge— a communication from E. Comely, of
Paris, for improvements in sewing and em-
broidering machinery. Dated February 5, 1881.

„ 503. J. P. Becker, jun., of Eemsoheid, Prussia, for an
improved skate. Dated February 5, 1881.

„ 589. N. Tupholme, of Sheffield, for improvements in
mangling and wringing machines, and in the
stands and covers thereof. Dated February 10,
1881.

„ 831. E. P. Kobertson, of Leytonstone, Essex, for improve-
ments in the manufacture of stockings and
similar looped fabrics, and in machinery for
producing the same. Dated February 26, 1881.

„ 959." E. Whitehall, of Nottingham, for improvements in
machinery and apparatus to be employed in pro-
ducing knitted and crocheted fabrics. Dated
March 7, 1881.

„ 1,010. J. Barbour, of Belfast, Ireland, Machinist, for im-
provements in machinery for preparing and
spinning hemp and similar fibres. Dated March
9,1881.

„ 1,548. J. W. Eamsden, of Leeds, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated April 8, 1881.

„ 1,661. W. Hillman, of Coventry, Warwickshire, Machinist,
for improvements in velocipedes. Dated April 14,
1881.

„ 1,824. T. Banister, and S. Lees, both of Eoohdale, Lanca-
shire, for improvements in the construction of
tricycles, part of which invention is also applic-
able for transmitting motion on other machines.
Dated April 27, 1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 2,562. W. C. Alldridge, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for
improvements in ladies' dress-holders or dress
suspenders, and in stocking suspenders. Dated
June 26, 1878.
„ 2,578. J. N. Yonck, of Verviers, Belgium, Card Manufac-
ture!, for improvements in the manufacture of
cards used for carding wool and cotton. Dated
June 27, 1878.
„ 2,597. W. H. Percival, of Harrow-road, Bayswater, London,
Cabinet Maker, tor a portable perpendicular
pianoforte. Dated June 28, 1878.
„ 2,615. J. Hall, cf Morley, near Leeds, for improvements in
scribbling and carding machinery. Dated June
29, 1878.
„ 2,616. G. F. and W. Bell, both of Burnley, Lancashire, for
improvements in mules for spinning and doubling
cotton and other fibres. Dated June 29, 1878.
„ 2,628. G. Brook, jr., J. Sykes, and J. Stake, all of Hudders-
field, Yorkshire, for improvements in machinery
or apparatus for combing wool and other fibrous
substances. Dated July 1, 1878.
„ 2,632. J. Lewthwaite, of Halifax, Gentleman, for improve-
ments in rollers for washing, wringing, mangling,
printing, spinning, and other like machines.
Dated July 1, 1878.
„ 2,672. W. Morgan Brown — a communication from H. E.
Penon, Tapestry Manufacturer, of Eue Saffitte,
Paris, for improvements in mixed tapestry work.
Dated July 4, 1881.
„ 2,710. J. Hookway, of Monkwell-street, London, E.G., Manu-
facturer, for an improvement in shirt collars.
Dated July 6, 1878.
„ 2,758. W. Morgan Brown — a communication from A. C.
Carey, of Boston Massachusetts, United States,
for improvements in needles for sewing machines.
Dated July 10, 1878.
„ 2,774. E. C. F. Otto, and J. Wallis, both of Euston-road,
London, for improvements in the construction of
bicycles, which improvements are partly applic-
able to other vehicles. Dated July 11, 1878.
„ 2,791. W. H. Bates, G. Bidlake, and H. Faulkner, all of
Leicester, for improvements in the construction
of tyres and felloes of wheels for velocipedes and
other vehicles. Dated July 12, 1878.

No. 2,805. A. E. and M, AUwood, both of Aloester, Warwick-
shire, Needle Manufacturers, for an improve-
ment in needles adapted for hand use. Dated
July 13, 1878.

„ 2,892. C. Powers, of Sheffield, and G. Perkins, and C.WOson,
both of Manchester, for improvements in sewing
machines and in apparatus for application there-
to to render them capable of producing a button-
hole stitch. Dated July 20, 1878.

„ 2,955. W. Searle, of Silver-street, Eegent-street, London,
for improvements in sewing machines. Dated
July 24, 1878.

„ 2,971. E. Barnett, of Hyde, Cheshire, for improvements in
mangling machines. Dated July 26, 1878.

„ 2,981. J. Clapham, of Leeds, for improvements in the means
or apparatus employed in the manufacture of
yarns. Dated July 26, 1878.

„ 3,006. J. C. Stanley, of New Hartford, Connecticut, United
States, for improvements in the spindles of
spinning machines and in quills that may be
used therewith. Dated July 29, 1878.

„ 3,007. J. C. Stanley, of New Hartford, Connecticut, United
States, for improvements in spinning machines.
Dated July 29, 1878.

„ 3,024. J. Barran, junior, of Leeds, for improvements in the
means or apparatus for transmitting motion to
sewing machines, such apparatus being also
applicable for regulating or varying the speed of
the same. Dated JtUy 30, 1878.

„ 2,333. W. Gadd, of Barton Arcade, Manchester, Consulting
Engineer, for improvements in perambulators.
Dated July 3, 1874.

„ 2,335. L. Barton, of Nottingham, Machinist, for improve-
ments in the manufacture of knitted fabrics and
in the machinery employed therein. Dated July
3, 1874.

„ 2,393. E. Taylor, of Saltord, Lancashire, for improvements
in the construction of driving and reversing gear
for washing, wringing, and mangling machines.
Dated July 8, 1874.

„ 2,416. E. W. Morrell, Stuff Merchant ; T. Parkinson, Shirt
Manufacturer ; and J. Parkinson, Sewing
Machine Maker, all of Bradford, for improve-
ments in sewing machines. Dated July 9, 1874.
2,420. T. D. Wanzer — a communication from J. B. McCune,
of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, for improvements
in and additions to sewing machines. Dated
July 9, 1874.

SpBOinoATiONs Published Dubino the Month.
Postage Id. each extra.

s. d.

No. 4,707. E. Burstow, velocipedes 0 6

„ 4,938. W. Wyman, gas stove for heating and venti-
lating ... ... ... ••. ... ... 0 6

„ 4,964. J. C. Garrood, velocipedes, &c 0 8

, 5,006. H. B. Arundel, spinning machinery, &c. ... 0 6

, 5,021. T. Bradford, dividing gear^ or actuating

mechanism of mangles 0 8

,, 5,029. A. M. Clark, ring spinning frames 1 4

, 5,041. B. A. Dobson and E. C. Tonge, spinning ma-
chinery 0 6

,, 5,046. J. K. Starley, velocipedes 0 8

, 5,048. H. J. Griswold, manufacture of stockings, &c. 1 2
„ 5,075. J. M. Cryer, apparatus for gassing yarn or

thread 0 2

„ 5,096. J. A. Lamplugh, supporting saddles or seats

of bicycles, tricycles, &c 0 2

„ 5,139. T. B. Drybrough, skates 0 2

„ 5,142. W. and J. Dixon, machinery for the manufac-
ture of bobbins 0 6

„ 5,157. J. S. Cooke, apparatus tor working velocipedes 0 2
„ 5,179. T.Coulthardand J. M.Hetherington, machinery

for spinning and doubling cotton, &c. ... 0 6
„ 5,185. (i. C. Haworth, and J. Mounsey, spindles and

flyers 0 2

„ 5,187. J. Summerscales, washing and wringing ma-
chines 0 4

„ 5,192. J. C. Fell, spinning machinery 0 6

„ 5,216. A. Munzinger, spinning machmes 0 2

„ 5,235. E. A. Edwards, bobbins of shuttles for sewing

machines 0 2

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWESTG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

0 2
0 6

0 6

0 fi

No. 5,249. L. Von Hoven, stocking and sock suspending

clabp ... ... ... ... 0 2

,1 5,250. L. Ton Hoven, clasps for suspending stockings,

socks, &G. ... ... 0 2

„ 5,252. A . Storer, apparatus for overhead sewing ... 0 6
„ 5,294. J. Radges, wheels for velocipedes, &o. ... ... 0 6

,, 5,304. W. L. Bigelow, sewing machines ... ..0 6

„ 5,314. P. E. A. Biische, apparatus for regulating or

governing patterns of work to be produced

in braiding machines, &c. ...
„ 5,346. J. Smith, warming and ventilating rooms
„ 5,410. W. Hillinann, velocipedes
„ 5,413. H. H. Andrew, and W. Lockwood, metallic

frames for washing and wringing machines,

*^c.
„ 5,418. R. M. A. Duguid, obtaining fibrous material

from a palm tree 0

„ 5,528. J. Imray, knitting machinery ... ... ... 0 2

„ 5,440. J. H. Walsh, tricycles 0 2

„ 5,448. I. T. Townsend, bicycles and tricycles ". 0 2

„ 5,460. A. W. L. Reddie, pirns and spindles of spinning

machinery 0 2

„ 5,462. A. M. Clark, repairing, spinning, and rope

making machinery ... ... ... ... 1 2

„ 5,464. J. Jackson, furnaces for the prevention of

smoke, &c ... 0 2

„ 5,470. W. Andrews, bicycles and velocipedes ... ..02
„ 5,495. E. Rurchell, regulating the admission of aii- to

fireplaces ... ... ... ... ... o 6

„ 5,508. W. Fox, and J. Hall, machinery for preparing

and feeding fibrous substances on to

scribbling and carding machines ... ... 0 6

1881.
No. 2. E. Underwood, mechanism for playing upon

pianofortes, &c ... o 6

„ 26. J. H. Johnson, apparatus for weighing yarn or

thread, &o. ... 0 6

„ 35. W. Woolley, bicycles, &c 0 6

„ 1,655. A. M. Clark, cotton gins ... 0 6

„ 1,697. W. E. Lake, machinery for opening, cleaning,

or scutching cotton, wool, &c 0 6

NEW AMERICAN BICYCLE.
Some months ago an enterprising Amerioan constructed
a bicycle just the reverse of those heretofore in use. The
smaU wheel -was placed in front to prevent the momentum of
the ri.ler from throwing him forward when the machine would
come to a sudden stop or a partial stop ; also to enable it to be
guided more easily. The first form of the new bicycle havino-
been weU received, some improvements have been devised.
The manufacturers claim for this machine that, while they
have made no sacrifice of strength or durabiHty for the pur-
pose of securing phenomenal Hghtness, they have, by the use
ot rolled and hammered steel, phosphor-bronze, &c., and also
by judicious design and construction, secured the combination
ot reasonable lightness with strength and durability. Great
smoothness of motion is said to result from the use of the
heavy rubber tires, which are secured to the wheels by a pecu-
liar device. One of the noticeable featui-es is the use of levers
on clutches, operated by the hands, in place of the old foot-
crank. It is said this is a much easier way of propulsion, and
also that its adoption does away with the necessity for measur-
ing each particular rider for a bicycle, one of these machines
bemg right for the smaUest boy or the largest man. Many
other improvement are claimed, such as an improved mode of
tastenmg the spokes in the wheels; an improved saddle a
construction which renders mounting and dismountincr as well
as steering and turning, much easier. These bicycles are
mauufaotured by the H. B. Smith Machine Company, Smith-
ville, Burlington County, New Jersey. .

The finest lubricating oils in the market are chiefly prepared
from sperm oil by digesting it in trays, with clean lead
shavings, for a week or more. SoHd stearate of lead is formed
and remams aclhering to the metal, whQe the oil becomes more
fluid and less liable to change or thicken on chilling.

FACTS AND FIGURES IN BANKRUPTCY.

According to the report of the Comptroller in Bankruptcy
there was a considerable decrease in the number of cases ad-
ministered under the Bankruptcy Act last year as compared
with the preceding twelve months, and a very large decrease
in the amount of liabilities and estimated assets. In 1879 the
number of cases was 13,132, against 10,298 in 1880, a falling-
ofif of 2,834; while the liabilities and assets, which were
£29,678,193 and £10,193,617 respectively in 1879, were last
year only £16,188,636 and £4,701,504, a faUing-off of £13,489
and £5,492,113. It also shows that this is the first important
decrease in the annual number of cases under the bankruptcy
law that has occurred during the last nineteen years, without
being the direct and manifest result of legislation. The Comp-
troller points out that " the annual number of bankruptcies
proper has fallen or risen consistently with the rise or fall of
exports and imports, and the same with compositions exceed-
ing 7s. 6d. in the pound, except that they have shown rather
more tendency to decrease than increase, caused no doubt, in
many cases, by growing appreciation that smaller compositions
could be carried as easily as larger ones. The annual number
of compositions between Is. and 7s. 6d. in the pound rose
steadily without one fall, from 975 in the year 1870 to 3,240 in
the year 1879 ; while the worst compositions not exceeding Is.,
and averaging a few pence in the pound rose from 76 to 739 in
six years, when their increase being checked by a decision of
the London Bankruptcy Court, the number of these composi-
tions in pence fell to 610, rising again, however, to 1,056 in
the year 1879. . . In London the number of these com-
positions in pence rose from 18 (or 6 per cent, of the whole
number of London compositions) in the year 1870, to 156 (or
25 per cent.) in the year 1873, and 216 (or 30 per cent.) in the
year 1876, when the before-mentioned decision of the London
Court, preventing the registration of resolutions for composi-
tions offered without security or probability of payment, and
clearly in the interest of debtors and not of creditors, reduced
their number to 107 (or 18 per cent.) in 1877. I believe that
means of evading that decision have been discovered ; at any
rate, the number of these compositions again rose to 185 (or
21 per cent.) in 1879, and to 211 (or 26 per cent.) in the year
1880, notwithstanding the general decrease of insolvency."

Attention is directed by the Comptroller to the existence of
accountants, who state that they " aim at effecting an arrange-
ment with creditors, whereby the trader continues in business
uninj'ured, and there is a fund from which loans can be
granted to pay the comoosition, or to enable the debtor to
purchase his estate in the unusual event of liquidation. He
adds: " However little attention sach circulars may deserve,
the idea of sending them being conceived eighteen years ago,
or soon after the commencement of the Bankrupcy Act, 1861,
and of arrangements and compositions to which a majority of
creditors can bind a minority without any examination into
the debtor's affairs, seems to agree very well with the enormous
annual increase of compositions under that Act, and with
their extraordinary reduction by such simple provisions as that
persons helping to carry deeds by signing them as creditors
should prove that they are creditors ; the present Act of 1869
is, perhaps, correctly stated to offer greater facilities to debtors
than previous Acts. The promised result of compositions is
that comfortable homes are not disturbed, the trader continues
in business uninj'ured, the amount of composition being no
more than he may borrow on the security of his
property, leaving him, say, one-third of that property,
with freedom from all liabilities; a very tempting prospect
to a man whose property consists of goods bought
on credit and who, perhaps, by such composition would be
better off than he ever was before. All these may appear idle
promises ' to extort fees ; ' but debtors have appeared in better
circumstances after compounding, and there can be no doubt
that agents of this class learn by experience how resolutions
of majorities of creditors may in most cases be carried. As
pointed out in a former report, there were in the first two
.years of the present Act many more declarations of insolvency
by debtors seeking adj'udication of bankruJptcy than since ;
arrangement or composition was soon found to be easier and
more profitable ; in a year or two agents are generally

THE SEWING MACHtNE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC AJPPLIANCES.

Sept. L iSSt.

acquainted witli any means by whicli new legislation may be
evaded. While this class of agent is all for the debtors and
composition, another and very similar class represents itself as
all for the creditors and liquidation by arrangement, its aim
being the profits to bemade by trusteeships ; and between them
touting for proxies has become, as is generally well known, a
regular business under the present Act. A striking illustra-
tion was afforded a few months ago by the conviction of an
individual who had for years successfully carried on that
business in all parts of England, the only peculiarity of his
proceedings being that he frequently changed his name and
address, and that, instead of being satisfied with the more or
less lawfal profits of trusteeships, he appropriated the whole
funds of liquidations in which he represented the majority of
creditors, sometimes declaring dividends payable in various
places by purely imaginary persons, for no apparent purpose
but to amuse himself at the expense of the creditors. Many
creditors must have known in that case, and must constantly
know, that they have been defrauded ; but frauds of that gross
character occur chiefly in the thousands of smaller insolvencies,
and in these are most severely felt by the smaller creditors,
whose debts may not be insured in the ordinary way of trade,
who do not understand the subject, and who cannot afford to
place themselves in the hands of solicitors. As submitted in
former reports, it is not the interest of the majority of trade
creditors to devote time, trouble, or money to the chance of
getting a little more salvage from the wreck of insolvent
estates ; an average amount of bad debts being an incident of
trade as much allowed for in prices as the incidental expenses
of trading, the majority of creditors would probably feel, as
some traders have expressed, that they are not more likely to
look after such matters personally than to carry their own
parcels ; they can employ their time more profitably. Apply-
ing the figures of the year 1880 to a simple illustration in a
former report, we have 10,298 estates estimated to average
i;450 ' gross value,' and which, if wound up by arrangement,
would probably not produce £300 available assets, subject to
reduction by costs and other deductions to perhaps £160 ; if
the creditors could hope by their own exertions to procure a
tenth more assets and a tenth less deductions, the result would
be an average gain of about £40 per estate, or, say, 40s. per
creditor, some large creditors gaining much more, while
many small creditors would hardly gain 40 pence. Large
debts generally occur in large failures, and are mostly due to
creditors in a large way of business, who would not be tempted
by the remote possibility of gaining even £40 to give their
personal attention during several years to the winding up of a
large insolvency. Very large cases, being generally entrusted
to respectable and experienced tnistees, need not be considered ;
there are always comparatively few of them, and the returns
for the year 1880, including an usually small proportion, afford
the best illustration of the prospects of creditors in the great
majority of insolvencies. Such prospects wo'ild not induce the
majority of creditors to take more trouble than needed to
hand their proxies to agents, leaving them to settle the ques-
tion of arrangement or composition with the debtors; 3,757
compositions were accepted in the year 1880, of which 102
were over 10s. in the pound, 1,009 from 23. 6d. to 5s., and 2,025
from Id. to 28. 6d. The amount of annual loss by insolvency
has been shown from former returns to have varied consider-
ably, reacbing about £25,000,000 in more recent times, and
averaging, as estimated in my last report, about £20,000,000
per annum during the then last five years, 1875-79."

" The rate of costs in closed bankruptcies was higher than in
any preceding year, being 41 A per cent, of net assets, or U per
cent, more than^in the year 1879, and 11 per cent, more than
in the year 1873, when the assets were of about the same
aveiage. This is accounted for partly by the assets of two
large bankruptcies being entirely absorbed by costs, chiefly of
litigation, partly by the closing in the last two years of
estates that have been a considerable time in hand, and partly
by the fact that in the early years of the Act a larger propor-
tions of estates were undertaken by creditor trustees without
remuneration, or by solicitors under the provisions of Section
29 of the Act, at a moderate percentage, including their pro-
fessional charges. The balance of unemployed funds in bank-

ruptcy on the 31st of December, 1880, was £308,907 ; iudging
only by their relative assets in the last two years, there would
be not quite four millions between bankruptcy and liquidation,
the whole of which fund is in the hands, or under the control,
of the trustees, except £14,467, unclaimed dividends, &c., in
bankruptcy, lodged in the Bank of England. Like the former
estimates, the above supposes that the same trustees who in
bankruptcy need to be considerably pressed to perform their
duties perform them as i-egularly in liquidation without any
supervision or chance of the results of their administration
being known. The amount of unclaimed dividends in bank-
ruptcy affords, moreover, no index to the probable amount
in liquidation ; general rulss require trustees in liquidation to
reserve dividends for all persons who appear as creditors in
the bankrupt's statement, or who may notify that they claim
to be creditors ; the amount of unclaimed dividends may be
largely increased by imaginery claims, and various other means
to the advantage of trustees ; but, without reference to that
possibility, considerable funds must remain in their hands that
in bankruptcy would be distributed among the persons who
had proved that they were creditors."

WHICH IS THE BEST MACHINE ?

A question that we are often asked, and which invariably
provokes from us a smile, is, " Which is the best sewing
machine ?" From our position upon the representative j ournal
of the trade we are supposed to be ready to answer oil'-hand,
mentioning the name of one or the other of the numerous
family of sewing machines, and to be able to briefly give in
detail our reasons for the preference we are expected to
express.

To ask such a question with the anticipation of a pat reply
is absurd, and people evidently put it without reflection. One
might just as well ask what we believed to be the best system
of political economy, or the safest and most reliable religious
creed, and expect us to reply in the tone and with the confi-
dence of authority.

The sewing machine is an instrument which, no matter upon
what system it may be built, however simple, involves a
number of movements, all converging toward one point,
where the upper and the lower threads meet to form the stitch.
This operation can be performed by an endless variety of
mechanical movements ; there is no limit to the combinations
which can be devised for effecting the purpose. This is shown
by the exhaustless stream of sewing machine patents which
continually flows through the Patent Ofiice, and which shows
no signs of running dry — on the contrary, the tide of patents
on se-wing machine devices seem lately to be more swollen than
ever. The sources of mechanical invention are like those of
literature — they are inexhaustible.

Out of the vast number of mechanical movements, and
combinations of mechanical movements, that are in practical
use in the sewing machines of to-day, to select any one move-
ment or set of movements, and to pronounce them to be the
best, absolutely in our opinion the best, for the purpose of
performing the operation necessary to the drawing of two
threads together through a fabric so as to form a stitoh, would
be an unwarranted assumption of knowledge on our part.
Not only would such a declaration be out of place in our
humble selves, but we doubt greatly if the most experienced
expert in such matters can find any justification for making
an emphatic and absolute reply as to which is the best
machine. One thing is certain — experts all differ — which makes
it extremely probable that all may be wrong in their estimates
as to which are the best methods of communicating motion to
needle and shuttle or hook.

In discussing the question of the efficiency of sewing machine
devices there is but one point upon which everyone seems to
agree — that the cardinal rule governing their construction
should be simplicity. But while all admit the truth of this
self-evident proposition, they disagree as to which movements
and devices are the simplest and the best. To secure simplicity
it will not do to sacrifice efficiency, and just where the line

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWINGf MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTIENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

should be drawn, and how it should be drawn, is a point upon
which there is the widest divergence of opinion.

Certain it is, that the manufacturers of to-day are producing
extremely good sewing machines, which perform their work in
a very thorough manner and give satisfaction to their users.
But that the manufacturers themselves do not consider that
they have reached the limits of perfection, is evidenced by the
fact that they are not content to rest their reputation upon
their machines as they are, but are constantly striving after
improvement in each and every part of the mechanism. While
each manufacturer claims that his machine is the best, not one
of them feels so sure of it that he is willing to stop right
where he is and let his competitors continue the race after im-
provements without him.

We confess ourselves unable to answer our friends when they
ask us which is the best sewing machine. There are many
quidnuncs of the trade who will pretend to answer them, and
who will give elaborate details of the why and the wherefore
in support of their opinions. If our friends are satisfied with
the reasons of these gentlemen, and feel convinced by the
sequence of their reasoning and the closeness of their logic,
we shall feel pleased that their minds have been set at rest
upon a topic which has been to them so often a matter of
earnest discussion. But, though each of the different systems
and styles of sewing machines may have many advocates, even
outside of the boundaries of interest, we are inclined to think
that the world will have to be more deeply versed in the lore
of sewing machines than it is at the present day, before any
disinterested and qualified tribunal, whose verdict will be
accepted by everyone as final, shall set the question at rest by
determining beyond controversion, which is the best sewing
machine. — Seiving Machine News.

FAURE'S ELECTRIC ACCUMULATOR.

By means of Paure's accumulators, electric energy can be
stored and retained to be re-distributed as and when required.
Sir William Thomson's experiments have demonstrated, beyond
doubt, that not more than 10 per cent, of the electric energy
passing through the accumulator is lost, and this loss is cer-
tainly less than the average leakage of gas in its transmission
through the pipes. With Paure's accumulator a steady divided
light, of any intensity required, can be obtained in incandes-
cent lamps, irrespective of their resistance. At the same time,
electric energy can be continually produced and stored, and
thus a very great saving is effected, as by the aid of the
accumulator the steam engines and the dynamo-electric
machines can run without cessation during the whole 24 hours
of the day. But where Paure's invention is of the greatest
value is in its capability of concentrating and transporting
motive power, and in its use in the place of animal and
mechanical force, so that at will, and at all times, the required
amount of power can be had for purposes of traction, and
working engines of every kind throughout a town, or for
ploughing, thrashing, or other agricultural purposes in the
country, or for propelling vessels, barges, and boats upon the
water. In fact, once the motive power being carried about in
an independent form, it can be utilised, for land and marine
purposes, wherever there is a piece of mechanism to be set in
motion. Moreover, it will permit of the use and application
of the immense and hitherto inefficacious and almost wasted,
forces of wind and water, for the inexpensive production of
electric energy. All these immense forces of nature which, by
reason of their uncertainty, or their distance, have either not
been fully utilised, or have been entirely lost, wUl, by
M. Paure's invention, become a certain means of producing
the electricity, which can be stored and be drawn upon as
required for any of the above purposes. Consequently the
storage of electric energy must, of itself, create an economic
revolution, and as it can only be accomplished, practically and
advantageously, by Paure's accumulators, the proprietors of
these patents must of necessity derive enormous profits there-
from. As a practical instance of the value of the invention, it
is sufficient to state that by its means the tramcars and omni-
buses of London can by electricity be worked at less than half
the present expense, Its application as a motive power for the

working of the Metropolitan and Metropolitan District Rail-
ways, is one of the most important to which it can be adapted.
The absence of heat, smoke, and noxious gases will conduce
materially to the health and comfort of passengers ; and the
lighting of the stations and carriages will also be vastly
improved, and much more economically effected. Sir William
Thomson,. in his letter to the Times oi the 9th of June last,
expressed himself in the following words regarding Paure's
invention: "The subject is one in which I feel intensely
interested, seeing it is a realisation of the most ardently and
unceasingly felt scientific aspiration of my life." The descrip-
tion of accumulator now recommended by M. Paure is a
battery of rectangular shape, weighing about oOlbs.
One charge of 4 such batteries will suffice for working a sewing

machine for a week.
One charge of 4 such batteries will suffice for driving a tricycle
tor 6 hours, or for propelling a boat containing 3 persona
during a like period.
One charge of 8 such batteries will suffice for driving a vehicle

with 2 passengers for 6 hours.
One charge of 16 such batteries will suffice for driving a vehicle

with 4 passengers for 6 hours.
One charge of 40 such batteries will suffice for driving an omnibus

with 24 passengers during 3 hours.
One charge of 50 such batteries will ^suffice for driving a tram-
car with 40 passengers during 3 hours.

The actual cost of re-charging a battery will be about 2|d,,
but this price wiU probably shortly be reduced to Id., or even
less. The Company's temporary offices are at 446, Strand, W.C

NEW GAS LAMP.

Mr. Anton Flemming, of Berlin, exhibits, at the Prankf ort
Exhibition, a gas lamp with an improved burner and a globe
closed at the top. This new lamp gives a light which is more
agreeable to the eyes than in most other cases ; the burner,
being of improved construction, prevents the flickering of the
gas ; it also presses the light downward, and is claimed to save
from 30 to 50 per cent, of the gas. The globes are made of the
finest opal glass, are also of improved shape, and may be had
in different colours. Being closed at the top, they prevent the
ceilings from getting black, and only require cleaning about
once a month, as the new biurner is said to make no smoke or
dirt of any kind.

THE LANGUAGE OP UMBRELLAS.

There is a language of umbrellas as of flowers. For instance,
place your umbrella in a rack and it will indicate that it is
about to change owners. To open it quickly in the street
means that somebody's eye is going to be put out. To shut it,
that a hat or two is to be knocked off. An umbrella carried
over the woman, the man getting nothing but the drippings
of the rain, signifies courtship. When the man has the um-
brella and the woman the drippings it indicates marriage. To
punch your umbrella into a person and then open it means,
"I dislike you.'' To swing your umbrella over your head
signifies " I am making a nuisance of myself." To trail your
umbrella along the sidewalk means that the man behind you is
thirsting for your blood. To carry it at right angles under
your arm signifies that an eye is to be lost by the man who
follows you. To open an umbrella quickly, it is said, will
frighten a mad bull. To put a cotton umbrella by the side of
a nice sOk one signifies, " Exchange is no robbery." To pur^
chase an umbrella means " I am not smart, but honest." To
lend an umbrella indicates " I am a fool." To return an
umbrella means— never mind what it means ; nobody ever does
that. To turn an umbrella in a gust of wind presages pro-
fanity. To carry your umbrella in a case signifies that it is a
shabby one. To carry an open umbrella just high enough to
tear out men's eyes and knock of men's hats signifies, " I am a
woman." To press an umbrella on a friend, saying, " Oh, do
take it. I had much rather you would than not," signifies
lying. To give a friend half of your umbrella means that both
of you will get wet. To carry it from home in the morning
means, " It will clear off."

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

-HEMIOE, IWLll

SOLE AGENTS IN EUROPE FOR

Johnson, Clark & Co.,

OP NEW TOEK.

THE "HOME SHUTTLE"

still keeps its place as being the best Hand Lock-Stich Sewing
Machine in the world. It is exceedingly simple, never out of
order, and always presents a bright and attractive appearance.

We have added the loose winding wheel and all latest
improvements.

THE BEST TREADLE MACHINE IS THE

Light Running "Standard"

For Manufacturing and Family use.

I ^8

0.2^5

i|H -

oat, £

.S S W o

It tS a Model of Strength and Beauty.

The most Elegantly Ornamented Machine {n the world. Lasts a life-
time, and NEVER Rets OUT of ORDER. EXCELS ALL OTHERS
IN THOROUGHNESS OF WORKMANSHIP.

We wish to establish Agencies in all Towns, and will give esolusive
territory to first-class houses, and furnish Machines at very low prices.

RENNICK, KEMSLEY & CO.,

(Late Johnson, Clark and Co.),

Finsbnry Circus, LONDON, EC.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MASUFACTUEEE OF

Bv Royal Letters Patent. JalUYOLu M.Al£<KIALb

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WAEWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OF WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., who won the late Tricycle Championship, Used one
of WOOLLEY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel the
slightest of the rough roads.^^

Price List Free on application to the above^

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OP

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Perambulators with Bicycle Wheels,

Largest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand
Machines.

I»£ir>XjJ^lSriD BIO'2'CLE X5EI>OT.

8MITHF0RD STREET, COVENTRY.

€\)t Iming Blutjiin^ §mik

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE past month can undoubtedly be called a " month of
umbrellas." August, usually so fine and settled, has
hardly favoured us with a single day that has not been
accompanied by several heavy and long-lasting showei's. The
rain it raineth every day, and the "little summer shower,"
instead of lasting, as the song says, " only a quarter of an
hour," pours without ceasing the greater part of the day.
Indeed, it is getting very serious. The much longed for
harvest has come, and throughout the country it has been
more or less seriously damaged by the continuous wet weather
of this delightful month of August. That the coming month
of September may be fine is devoutly to be desired, so that the
improvement in the trade of sewing machines and other
domestic labour-saving apphances that has steadily set in may
continue. The London houses assure us that both the home
and export orders show a great increase, and we are gratified
to find a very hopeful tone prevailing as to the_season's outlook.

■Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MA.CHnJE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The bicycle trade seems to be in a veiy prosperous condition
just now. Wolverhampton, which lately made a machine to
carry five persons, has been favoured with a repeat order from
the purchaser, an Indian prince. Coventry and Birmingham,
though not sharing orders from such distinguished persons,
are still busily employed on machines for the general public,
whose money is every bit as acceptable. The rapid rise and
the continued progress of this trade have, of course, enlivened
other industries. The makers of steel hoops and wire at Shef-
field are busy, as also are the indiarubber manufacturers. One
of these firms sends out to bicycle manufacturers no less than
£7,000 worth of rubber a month.

Whoever has listened in the stm of the night to the sound
of the policeman's footstep as, with measuied hetivy tread, he
patrols the street, must surely have thought that no better
warning than this of the approach of the police could
possiblv be given to any gentleman of the Bill Sykes profes-
sion. In London streets, where long rows of houses are built
on either side, a policeman's footstep at night is so distinct as
to be heard at least several hundred yards off. Surely there
ought to be some remedy against this. Thieves put wadding
on their shoes to deaden the sound. Our police shoidd take a
leaf from tbeii- book, and put themselves on tricycles. In
Coventry the police have availed themselves of these machines,
and by silently and swiftly patrolling the city have in one week
captured three burglars. A tricycle with good india-rubber
tyres is almost noiseless, and a policeman mounted on one of
them would be able to come up with a thief ere he was aware
of his approach, and if he took to flight we don't think a good
swift tricycle would be much behind him.

Woolwich Gaudens— the rendezvous of the " 'Arrys " of
East London, and famed for its barmaid • show — seems a
curious place in which to hold an exhibition of straw plait,
and machines for making the same. We expect, however, that
the country lasses from about Luton and Dunstable — who, at
work nimbly plaiting, were also part of the exhibition just
held at Woolwich — proved a far greater attraction to the
crowds of visitors than any mechanic, however clever, that may
have been employed at sewing straw plait. Those interested
in sewing machines, however, could not fail to appreciate
some of the machines at work there.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT

Represents the Wheeler and Wilson Machine, No. 8, with the
Hallenback Button-hole Attachment. The gi'eatly-felt want
of so valuable an adjunct to the sewing machine has induced
the Wheeler and WUson Manufacturing Company to give the
Hallenback Improved Button-hole Attachment a thorough
trial. They testify -. " The work it does seems to be very
perfect, and the Attachment appears to be well constructed,
both for durability and accuracy ;" — a very modest testimonial,
every word of which we can endorse, having seen, examined,
and thoroughly tested the machine ourselves. It makes
rapidly and thoroughly a straight button-hole, barred at both
ends, without the operator handling or turning the goods.
As is well known, the requisites for a Button-hole Attachment
intended for general use may be briefly summed up as follows
It must be simply and dui-ably constructed, adjustable for aU
classes of goods, instantly attachable to the sewing machine
without requiring any alteration to the machine itself, and

entirely automatic in its operation, so that no especial skill
shall be required to operate it. All of these requirements we
find fulfilled in the Attachment under consideration. Every
required alteration or adjustment, as change in length of
button-hole, quality of stitch, depth of bite and centre space,
so important in encountering various fabrics, are all instantly
attainable by means of thumb-screws. Directions for accom-
plishing these objects are plainly lettered on the Attachment,
so that all necessary information is always before the operator.
There is no change whatever required in the sewing machine ;
the Attachment cannot be placed incorrectly, and it can be
attached or removed in one minute's time ; it is entirely auto-
matic, working both sides of the button-hole and securely
barring both ends by its own action, requiring no handling or
guiding of any kind, infallibly reproducing the work fur which
it has been adjusted. As well as for family use, the No. 8
Machine is admirably adapted for light leather work — of course
using " leather point " needles — and for button-holeing ladies
and childien's kid boots and shoes, the Wheeler and Wilson
Manufacturing Company's No. 8 Machine, with Attachment,
will, we have no doubt, command still larger sales

WAGES IN MELBOURNE.

The following particulars respecting the current rate of
wages are taken from the Melbourne Argus :

Drapers. — In all the best establishments weU-qualified
drapers' assistants earn from £2 10s. to £4 per Tveek. Carpet
salesmen obtain about the same rates. Upholsterers, £2 lOs.
to £3 and £4 per week. Mantle makers, los. to 2bs. per week.
Milliners from 35s. to £3 10s. per week. Needlewomen and
di-essmakers from los. to 20s. per week.

Cabinet Makers. — The earnings of the men employed in this
trade are very variable. In some of the best shops in
Melbourne the wages paid are as high as £3 lOs. per week,
while in inferior establishments the men receive from £2 10s.
to £3 per week. In the country the wages paid are still
less.

The Sewing MjVCHine in France. — The new tariff, which
fixes the duty on sewing machines at 6 francs per 100 kilo-
grammes, will result in increasing largely the importation into
France of foreign machines. This duty, which, especially on
machines of American and English manufacture, is to-day from
72 to 84 francs per 100 kilogrammes, will, on the taking effect
of the tariff, which camiot be far off, reduce the duty at once
to the figure above-mentioned. The result \Till evidently be
an increased importation, which must lead to a fall in prices,
as that is the natural efi'ect of a more lively competition.

Increase in British Exports. — Commenting upon the
report of the Commissioners of Customs, the I'all HLM Gazette
says : — Last year's export trade was upwards of £31,000,000
larger than that of 1879, and of this total £17,000,000 repre-
sented our exports to foreign countries. Nearly every country
except Germany, Turkey, Peru, and the Spanish West Indies
bought more from us last year than they did in 1879. The de-
creased exports to Germany, however, came to £1,648,000— a
result not so much of Prince Bismarck's tariff, we suspect, as of
the steadily increasing poverty of the German people. But small
decreases of this kind were abundantly compensated elsewhere.
Franco bought more by £ti()l>,000 from us last year than in tbo
year before, and Bclgiimi took £(Htl),O0(l more, partly on German
account perhaps. But the greatest increase was in tbe demand
of the United States, which exceeded that of tbe previous year
by £10,534,000. No other foreign country sbows anything
like the s;aue augmentation, but Briti^h India closely
approached that total, with an increased import of £9,522,000.
Canada, again, the new tariff' notwithstandiug, bought
£2,264,000 more, emboldened thereto by the proscerity re-
corded her by the fine harvest.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

KENT'S KNIFE-CLEANING MACHINES.

All inventions having for tbeir object the lessening of time
and labour in tiie economy of the household must possess
three essential requisites. They must be si)iiple and durable
in form, and unfailing in operation. One of the first, perhaps
the first successful, appliance to save time and labour, and
ensure the better performance of household work, was the
" Eotary Knife- Cleaning Machine," invented, patented, and in-
troduced in 1 844 by Mr. Qeo. Kent. Families, public institutions,
and others, at once recognised the speedy, cleanly, and effi-
cacious mode of removing the stains and restoring the polish
of knife blades, which, hitherto, was but indifferently done,
and was the cause of much labour and annoyance ; indeed, the
Eotary Knife Machine must be deemed the parent of house-
hold machinery, as it familiarised servants to the use and
introduction of numerous other domestic appliances that now
are to be found in every well-appointed household.

Since its introduction, the original inventor has made most
important improvements, which have been protected by Royal
Letters Patent, and by the aid of expensive machinery, knife
machines are now made at prices within the reach of all. The
extent of their usefulness is verified by the fact that thousands
upon thousands of the machines are in daily use in the palaces
of her Majesty the Queen of England ; and in nearly every
royal residence in Europe ; in the mansions of the nobility,
and in the houses of private families throughout Great Britain
and Ireland ; in the mess-rooms of the Army andNavy ; on board
the royal yachts, and in every passenger steamship on home
or foreign stations, including the Royal Mail Steamers, the
Peninsular and Oriental, the African, the North of Europe, and
the Pacific ; also in the Universities, College, scholastic estab-
lishments, and public institutions of England ; the Mansion
House of the Lord Mayor of London, and the Halls of the City
Companies; in every club-house, hotel, and restaurant of
importance in the kingdom. It is also extensively used in the
Colonies.

Lord Brougham, who was as strongly impressed with a correct
notion of the inventive genius of the period as any man of his
time, was somewhat surprised to hear a leading engineer state
that of all the social introductions of the previous 20 years he
would rather have been the originator of the perambulator
and of the Rotary Knife- Cleaning Machine. The one, how-
ever, from want of foresight in being merely secured by regis-
tration, has long since become " open property," the other —
the Knife-Cleaner — having been patented by its inventor, Mr.
Kent, is still manufactured in enormous numbers, although
scarcely any establishment of consequence appears to be with-
out either one or more of these time and labour-saving
machines. Such patronage, obtained without any extra-
ordinary efforts or lavish expenditure, makes it conclu-
sive that similar appliances that will meet an equal want are
sure to command the interest and welcome of householders,
for it is very rare that you find such testimony of any patented
invention as the following: — "Sir, — I intended some days
since, acknowledging the arrival of the Knife Machine, but
changing my residence has occupied much time. I like my
new machine very much, and if it only proves as good as its
predecessors I shall indeed have reason to speak well of your
patent, for the former was purchased by my father in the year
1847, and to my certain knowledge was in constant and hard
use from that time up to August, 1880, without having any-
thing done to it beyond a little oiling. I think it only right
you should know this, although no doubt you have heard
many speak in equal praise of your valuable Knife-cleaning
Machine."

It may be well to remark that, as too frequently happens in
all cases of really successful appliances, numerous makers of
knife machines have attempted to produce an article that may
claim a share of public patronage, and as it may be interesting
to many of our readers, we have selected a few to illustrate
how nearly they appear to approach the desired effect, yet fall
short in efficiency and durability from misconception in
mechanical construction, and up to the present day no system
has been adopted that will approach the original machine.

One of the most gratifying results of the introduction of
household appliances has been the establishment of a new

branch of commercial industry that gives constant employment
and sujjport to numerous families, who are manufacturing
articles that lighten the daily labour of domestic life.

THE BUSINESS OF MESSRS. JOHNSON, CLARK
AND CO.

Among the hills of Franklin County, Mass., on the Vermont
and Massachusetts Railroad, at a distance of about ten miles
from the Connecticut River, lies the town of Orange, extend-
ing on both sides of a stream called Miller's River. Although
quite a variety of manufacturing is carried on in the place, the
most important industry is that of Messrs. Johnson, Clark and
Co., the manufacturers of the " New Home " sewing machine.
The history of their business dates as far back as 1860, but the
small works of those days have developed into one of the
largest and best fitted factories in the country. The shops are
very extensive, covering an area of nearly 200,000 square feet
of flooring. An iron bridge which spans the river extends
from the shops to the foundry. The latter is over 300 feet in
length, and melts between fifteen and twenty tons of iron
daily. The factory buildings are large and handsome, equal
to any in the country. Over six hundred men are employed.
The reader can imagine the amount of the pay-roll. The
prosperity of the town has brought many merchants to the
place, who have opened fine stores and do a thriving trade.

The general office for the sale of the immense number of
sewing machines made at the factory, is at No. 30, Union-
square, New York. It is a handsome building, five stories in
height, with a basement. The entire basement floor is used
for the shipping department, and is fitted up with every
facility for the purpose. It is constantly filled with a large
stock of machines for domestic and export trade. There is an
elevator to the sidewalk. The department is under the charge
of Mr. J. F. Brixby, who probably has as much work to do
in the twenty-four hours as any shipping clerk in the city of
New Tork, so great and constant is the demand for the " New
Home" sewing machines.

The office floor is on a level with the side walk. A large
show-window extends across the front, on either side of which
are entrances. A fine wax figure, tastefully dressed, machines
and samples, occupy the window space. The front portion of
the room is the showroom and city salesroom, which is pre-
sided over by Mr. E. T. Thomas. A variety of machines are
exhibited, with new and beautiful designs of woodwork, in
which the firm are making great improvements. Everything
relating to the city trade is here conducted by Mr. Thomas
and goes through his hands. Not a day goes by but that a
large amount of business is transacted, for in the city of New
York the " New Home " Machines are very popular and have
met with a large sale.

In the rear of the first floor and separated from the sales-
room by an elegant partition are the offices of the clerks and
book-keepers, and Mr. Schenck's private office. Each depart-
ment has separate books, one book-keeper attending solely to
the finance, another to the exports, and another to the
domestic business, all reporting to Mr. Schenck. A busier
man than the latter it would be hard to find. He is attended
by a stenographer and works as hard and constantly as any
man in the whole establishment. A better arranged and
better managed sewing machine concern it would be impossible
to find anywhere. Everything moves like clockwork, and the
extensive and varied business is carried on with facility and
despatch. No pains are spared to keep the " New Home "
machines in the very front rank. A set of new adjustable
attachments have just been got out, and quite an ingenious
novelty has been added to the machine in the shape of a
double-feed, which is the most effective we have ever seen.
No sewing machine company owns a more valuable set of
patents upon essential parts of the sewing machine than
Messrs. Johnson, Clark and Co., and there is hardly a month
passes but that they make some valuable addition to them.

The second floor is used for the storing of goods, the shipping
of machines for the city trade, and a small shop for the
adjusting and repairing. This is also under the control of
Mr. Thomas.

On the floor above is one of the most important depart-

Sept. 1. 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITIINAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

menta of the business, that of advertising and general printed
matter. The quantity of circulars and ins:ruction books in
different languages, picture cards, fans, &c., &c., stored away
on this floor is surprising, and must -weigh at least several
tons. In enterprising and novel advertising the " New Home"
people are not behind any of their competitors — indeed, they
are setting an excellent example to most of them. Their large
trade is due in a great measure to the judicious and widespread
advertising the "New Home" machine has received, as well
as to its merits as a first-class piece of mechanisu?. Mr. A. A.
"Walters has entire charge of the department, and his ingenuity
is constantly taxed to devise new methods of attracting the
public attention. Three times a week huge bags of mail
matter are delivered to this department, containing copies of
the newspapers which the firm advertise in. These papers are
scanned over and the advertisements checked off. There is
hardly a country paper of any consequence in the United
States that does not contain an advertisement of the "New
Home."

The remainder of the building is used for general purposes.
Throughout, the whole establishment is handsomely fitted up
■with every facility for conducting the business. Thei'e is
telephone connection with the down-town office on Broad-
street, which has been established for the convenience of the
export trade. The corps of enqAoyes is large and efficient, and
taken all in all, the headquarters of Messrs. Johnson, Clark and
Co. is a model business concern. — Setuhig Machine Neics.

ADELAIDE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.

The last mail brings particulars of this exhibition, the open-
ing of which on July 31 by his Excellency the Governor was
duly announced by telegram of that date. The exhibition has
proved highly successful, the demands for space haviug been
so numerous and urgent that it was found necessary to extend
the original plan and to greatly increase the area. The main
building is that belonging to the Agricidtural Society, to
which have been added a number of important annexes, the
principal of which contains 16 courts. These are respectively
devoted to Victoria, New South Wales, New Zealand,
Tasmania, France, Germany, Austria. Italy, Belgium, Japan,
Turkey, China, Switzerland, America, India, and Great Britain.
The Biitish court occupies more than two-thirds of the east
side of the annexe, with an area equal to six times that of any
other. In this court the models and representations of the
London and St. Katharine Docks Company, particularly those
of the wool warehouses, are attracting much notice. Near
these are shown the specimens of the Telegraph Construction
and Maintenance Company Ulastrating the progress of sub-
marine telegraphy. The Steel Company of Scotland have a
good show of plates for marine, locomotive, and stationary
boilers ; Messrs. Hingley and Sons some fine specimens of
anchors and cables ; and the West Cumberland Iron and Steel
Company steel rails, plates, and steel castings, &c. The mis-
cellaneous exhibits comprise a fair representation of the varied
industries of the United Kingdom. In honour of the opening
the House of Assembly adjourned. The ceremony was
brilliant and impnsiiig, being attended by the Chief Justice,
the President of the Legislative Council, the Soeaker of the
House of Assembly, the members of the Government, and the
Mayor and Council of Adelaide. An address was prescnte 1 to
his Excellency, who declared the exhibition open, after which
a cantata, written by Mr. D. C. F. Moodie, and composed by
Monsieur Meilham, was executed.

To renovate morocco shoes dip a clean sponge in warm milk,
pass it over the ■shoe, and then polish with a piece of new
flannel. This wii. not only clean the shoes, but restore them
to their former briUianoy.

On July 16 last, in the Chancery Division, the Master of the
EoUs made an order for the compulsory winding-UD of the
Patent Automatic Knitting Machine Company, Limited,
directing that the order should not be drawn uj) pro-
vided that the petitioning creditor's debt and a certain
judgruaut debt were paid. Those debts had been discharged,
and a formal order was now taken dismissing the petition.

Liquidations by Arkangement.

Melhuish, Sydney, New-road, Gravesend, sewing machine dealer

July 25.
Elliott, Henry Ley, Pore-street, Exeter, ironmonorer. August 5.
Midalay, William, King's Cross Koad, ironmonger. August 12.
Roberts, John, Bridge-stre.-'t, Corwen, Merionethshire, ironmonger

August 15.
Thomas, Wm. Henry, High-street, Eyde, late Earl's Court-road,

Kensington, Goldhawk-road, Shepherd's Bush, and Addison-

road, ironmonger. August 15.
Blackburn, Joshua, trading as Joshua Blackburn and Co.,

Huddersfield, machine maker. August 13.
Frayer, Eobert, Market-place and Dean-street, South Shields, and

Albert-street, North Shields, ironmonger. August 10.
Sands, Henry, Carlton-road, Nottingham, ironmonger. August 11.

Bills op Sale.

Barber, Eobert, Easing .cold, Y .rks., ironmonger ; deed of gift to

daughter. In favour of Ann Barljei'. Filed July 27.
Crooks, Geor^f, Glouf.oster-street, Farin^jdon, Berks, ironmonger ;

i£70. In favour of Charles Croseter, senr., and others. Filed

July 29.
Burton, William, Dunn's Farm, Langford, Biidville, Somerset,

machinist ; i£400, &e. In favour of John Kidner. Filed

July 26.
Hawes, John Arthur, Church-;treet, Coggeshall, Essex, iron-
monger; set. tr. fr. wf. In favonr of Arthur T. Hewitt. Filed

July 23.
Johnson, Wm. Alfred, Peach-street, Wokingham, Berks, iron-
monger; .£22, &c. In favour of Benjamin Blaiberg. Filed

July 26.
Lees, George, Wheetfield Iron Works, Bardsley, Ashton-under-

Lyne, Lancashire, machinist, and Lees, Samuel, Wrieetfield Iron

Works, Bardsley, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, machinist;

.£2,863. In favour of Thomas Lees and ano. Filed July 28.
Hanfoi'd, Wm., Bank-road, Matlock-Bank, Derby, ironmonger;

^£200. In favour of Thomas Hammersley. Piled July 30.
England, Elizabeth, 145, New North-road, mic'aiuist; .£21 123. 3d.

In favour of Henry Jones. Filed August 18.
Jones, William Eobert, High-street, Llangefai-road, Anglesey,

ironmonger; £200. In favour of Andrew Lawrie. Filed

August 19.
Moore. John Joseph, 67, Pore-3treet, City, ii'onmonger, and Moore,

Henry Wm, 67, Fore-street, City, ironmonger ; .£1U0 (abs. sle.).

In favour of James Kowin. Filed August 20.
Ackroyd, George, Market-square. Ho.anor, Derbyshire, ironmonger;

.£39, &c. lu favour of John Mason. Piled August 12.
Bartram, Habakknk, Diokleborgh, Norfolk, maohiuo proprietor,

and Bartram, James, do do do; ^£112. In favour of John

Winkel. Filed August 9.
Hamilton. James, 40. Broad-street, Park-gate, near Eotherham,

ironmonger, &c. ; ^£110 8s., itc. In favour of Yorkshire Advance

Bank. Filed August 8.
Patrick, William, University Bicycle Works, Tiu-alley, and 41,

Pearson-street, Wolverhampton, bicycle manufacturer, and

Patrick, Henry William, do d.i do; £20, &c. lu favour of

George Lambert. Filed August 13.

CouNTT Court Judgments.

Roberts, Owen, Port Madoc, Carnarvonshire, ironmonger;
X22 10s. 6d. Jvme 20.

Ault, Am\>rose, 124, Pritchett-street, Birmingham, bicycle imple-
ment maker; i;21 lOs. June 28.

Austin, Charles Dudley, 151, Pilgrim-street, Newcastle, machinery
dealer; .£12 193. lOd. July 2.

Barrett, William. Duke-street, Barrow, Lancashire, ironmonger;
£11 18s. 4d. June 27.

Collyer, W., 101, Oakley street, Westminster-bridge-roai, iron-
monger; £11 17s. 2d. Julyl.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

Hughes, H. C, Queen-street, Portsea, Hants, ironmongfer ;

£16 103. lOd. June 18.
Powell, E. E., North-end, Croydon, ironmonger; j811. June 28.
Powell, K. E., 25, North-end, Croydon, ironmonger ; ^£18 15s. 7d.

June 24.
Eobinson, , 61, "Woodhouse-lane, Leeds, ironmonger ; d612 2s.

July 2.
Tucker, Joseph, 8, Eegent-parade, Ventnor, Hants, ironmonger ;

£17 Is. June 14.
"Walmesley, J., Carnforth, Lancashire, ironmonger; £11 123. 7d.

July 8.
White, George, Christehurch, Hants, ii-onmonger ; £13 lOs. lid.

June 30.
Roberson, B., Surrey-street, Croydon, ironmonger ; £12 16s. 5d.

July 4.
Butter, William, Pitney-street, Vauxhall, Birmingham, iron-
monger; £11 Os. Id. July 14.
Davies, J. W., Newtown, Montgomeryshire, ironmonger;

£16 14s. lid. July 11.
Scott, George, St. Helens, Lancashire, ironmonger; £13 3s. 7d.

July 13.
Smith, Sons, and Co., West-street, Sheffield, bicycle manufac-
turers; £15 9s. 4d. July 7.
Tankard, John, Woodhou3e-lane, Leeds, ironmonger ; £34 2s lOd.

July 12.
White, G., Christehurch, Hants, ironmonger ; £14 l7s. lOd.

July 13.

Dissolutions of Partnerships.
Gordon and Todhunter, Whitehaven, ironmonger. July 1. Debts

by Charles DicKinson Gordon.
Marshall, T. and A., Loughbirough, ironmongers. July 1. Debts

by Albert Marshall.

AMERICAN INVENTIONS IN EEANCE.

The French patent laws, says an American exchange, provide
that " no foreign invention can be patented in France except
under the condition that the article invented and the machinery
necessary to its fabrication be made in Prance ; that the in-
ventor who manui'actui'es the article in any other country and
imports it for sale loses his right to the invention, which then
becomes public property." It is easy to see how disadvan-
tageously this law has operated to American inventors. But
the French people are now beginning to see that it acts equally
to their disadvantage. A United States inventor now takes up
his patent in France simply to seoui'e the invention in case of
future requirement. He does rot do so ^vith the idea of utilising
his invention in Prance, because the laws of the country, as he
knows, prevent his doing so with profit to himself. He would
be obliged to erect a manufactory there, and have requisite
machinery also made there, so that the manufactmed irticle
might be manufactured by French machinery on French soil.
This great additional expense the inventor will not, for
obvious reasons, incur, and as the imported article cannot bo
sold without forfeiture of the patent rights, the invention re-
mains a dead letter so far as the enjoyment of it to the French
people is concerned. There have been cases where the American
i iventor has gone to the expense of making new machinery
aid erecting workshops, as, for instance, in the manufacture
o:' sewing machines. In some cases, again, the American in-
ventor has disposed of his patent rights for France, but they
have been few in number. As a consequence, the vast majority
of oiu' useful and labour-saving machines are practically tin-
known to the French people.

THE BALANCE SHEET.

How to make a balance-sheet, suitable for the small trades-
man properly, is worth knowing. A bad balance-sheet helps
to bring very great numbers of those to ruin who work upon
the false assumption that they are so much better off at a given
time than tbey really are. The stock having been "taken"
in a careful manner — all new goods at cost pi-ice, and the old
stock at its value — you then make out the balance sheet, which
is a setting forth of the exact position in full, under its respec-
tive headings. Under the heading of liabilities on the one
hand, we have creditors and expenses of every kind, as against

assets on the other hand, which include the stook-in-trade,
fixtures, cash in hand, book debts (if any), &c., &o., at the
given time. The difference between the two accounts (which
should be complete to be true) gives the exact position of the
tradesman. This should be a sufficient description of a balance-
sheet, but to make it perfectly simple, we may describe it as
taking all the bills that we owe in the left hand, and all the
money that we can realize in the right hand; the difference
between the two gives the result.

The balance-sheet here given is an illustration of the pro-
bable position of a tradesman holding a stock of about five
hundred pounds :—

General Balance, December 31, 1881

liabilities.
To Capital ...
,, Creditors...
„ Net Profit

ES.

£600

ASSETS.

By cash on hand

200

and at Bankers

£155

„ Stock

510

,, Debtors

„ Lease and Fix-

tures, less de-

preciation ...

185

£892

In drawing up a correct balance-sheet, account should
always be taken of "capital invested" and a proportionate
allowance should be made as shown under the headings " In-
terest upon Capital " and " Depreciation of Lease."

As a direct result of stock-taking, we have to do with two
other distinct accounts, and these, like the balance-sheet (of
wbich they form part) may be rendered perfectly simple by
illustration. We have first to deal with the " Trading Account ;"
our stock sheets have given us the amount of stock for this
year, we must add this to tbe sales, while on the disburse-
ment side we have the stock of last year and the purchases
since. The difference between the two gives the gross result
of the year's trading. The example we give below may serve
to render the illustration complete, as showing the mode of
placing the figures.

Jan.

18S1.

1881.

1.— Stock in

Jan. 1 to Dec. 31—

trade ... £500

Sales... ... £2,000

Further pur-

Dec. 31.— Present

chases... 1,600

Stock in

Gross profit 410

hand 510

£2,510

Having arrived at the gross profit, we have now to find out
the net gain upon the year's saving ; for this purpose we have
to draw up what is called a " Profit and Loss Account," and

here on the " Liability " side we place the whole of our working
expenses, and for our assets we have the gross profit. The
balance shows the result of the year's trading under : —

Profit and Loss Account, 1881.

Bent and Taxes ...£75 0 0 Gross Profit £110

Salaries 30 0 0

Household Expenses 120 0 0

Insurance 2 0 0

Sundries ... 20 0 0

Personal Expenses... 26 0 0

Depreciation of Lease 15 0 0

Interest upon Capital 30 0 0

.Set Profit 92 0 0

£410 0 0

Paris Electp.ic Exhibition. — Of sewing machines there
are numbers at work ; but there would seem to be little need
for this novel aid for ordinary purposes ; but for those who are
employed from morning to night in sewing stock goods for the
market, the action of the ordinary treadle is very fatiguing,
and the operators in such cases may find much relief, at least,
if they do not do much more work, through the electrical
assistance.

Sept. i, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANOHS.

A NEW FUR SEWING MACHINE.

The inventor of this new sewing machine — an illustration of
which is given below — is Mr. C. M. Boland, of 194, Elm-street,
New York. It is well adapted to sewing fur on the top of
boots, and is used by some large American boot manufacturers
with great success. Previous to the introduction of Mr.
Boland's machine there were no machines in use adapted to
the purpose of sewing fur ; glove sewing machines constructed
according to various systems were tried, only to prove unsuc-
cessful in accomplishing the desired purpose, for it was found
to be impossible to sew large pieces of fur, as, for example, an
entire cloak, with the machines in vogue. This defect has

a machine designed to sew fur, carpet, &c., and is equally
desirable for sewing gloves.

Another arrangement of great ut'lity is that the machine
runs both ways, either right or left, avoiding the inconvenience
caused by breaking needles, and at the same time greatly
facilitating the operator. A person can leani to perfectly
operate the machine in two or three hours. By removing two or
three pieces which are easily put together again, and by chang-
ing a cog wheel, the stitch may be changed as required. The
change could be made as in other machines by a wheel screwed
underneath, only such a plan would interfere with the arrange ■
ments adopted by Mr, Roland.

been remedied and removed in the perfected machine con-
structed by Mr. Boland.

The principal claim consists in leaving out the column s ip-
portiug the front feed disc for holding the work; the disc
being fixed in a manner to allow the work to pass freely
through the machine, without regard to the size of the article
to be sewed. Such an arrangement is absolutely necessary in

The hook whiul; catches the loop up by a central movement,
instead of a spui:g as in other machines, allows it to make as
fine and strong a stitch as may be required.

The Boland Machine patent is dated April 23, 1878, since
which time he has perfected many improvements which render
the machine entirely practical.

A NEW MOTOR FOR SEWING Mi CHINES.

At the Frankfort Exhibition is now being exhibited a motor
for working sewing machines, &c., made by W. Hoffmann, of
Miihlhausen, Thiiringia. The motor is in the shape of a chaii',
and is put in motion by the Weight of the person sittiug upon
it. As soon as the lever on the right bund side is pushed down
the machine is put into motion by the seat, which is fastened
to a rack which slowly sinks. By exercising a light pressure
of the feet on the treadle the seat is replaced in its former
position without getting up from it, and no hindrance is caused
to the working. The treadle may be altered according to the
person, whether short or tall. By a slight reaction of the feet,
the machine may be worked quickly or slowly, and the most
careful stitching may be done with it. By ordinary maclunes
the treadle is moved up and down from 120 to 150 times per
minute, whereas it only requires to be done 4 or 5 times by the
motor, and does, therefore, not tire the operator, even if one
were to work it for several days in succession. A special
advantage of working sewing mnohines by this motor is that

the machines do not require the usual frame or table, but may
be placed upon any ordinary table. W^henever the motor is
not at woi'k it may be used as a chaii-, and fixed to any hoight.

The Right Hon, the Lord Ma}'or has accepted an invitation
to open the Leather Trades' Exhibition on the 26th inst. W e
sincerely hope that all exhibit(_irs will have finished their stand s
b}' that date, and that all may be in apple-pie order for the
oponmg ceremony, which, we presume, will take place at about
twelve o'clock.

There is a young lady in Keokuk, Iowa, who is Gft. 4in
tall, and she is engaged to be married. The man who won her
did it in these words — " Thy beauty set my soul uglow — I'd
wed thee right or wrong ; man wants but little here below, but
wants that little long."

A GEJJTLEM.VN who was asked for his marriage certificate
quietly took his hat off and pointed to a bald spot. The
evidence was conclusive.

i'HE SEWING MACHINE GAZHTTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE WAY INDIAEUBBER IS GATHEEBD IN
COLUMBIA.

In this country the rubber hunters have the wasteful custom
of cutting down every tree from which they extract the rubber
instead of tapping them. For this reason all the rubber trees
near the rivers have been destroyed years since, 'and the rubber
hunters have now to go five days or more journey into the
forests, crossing swamps aud mountains, before they can find
the rubber and bring it out on their backs over these rough
trails. Each succeeding year the quantity of rubber gathered
is lessened. Unless the people begin j^lanting rubber trees this
trade will become a thing of the past. It has been a matter
of surprise that the Columbian Government dues not carry
into effect its regulations against the further destruction of
one of the most valuable forest trees. The importance of the
rubber tree in connection with the many aud useful purposes
to which it is now applied can hardly be estimated. The
attention of the planters of this country has never been turned
to the cultivation of the rubber tree. A good chance for
American investment esists in this direction. A plantation of
rubber trees would prove a more valuable source of profit
than that of any other. There are places on the Sinu River
where rubber trees will grow from eight to ten inches m
diameter in three or four years from planting of the seed. The
trees require but little attention, and begin to give returns
sooner than most any other tree. The trees which yield the
largest supply of rut oer flourish along the banks of the Sinu
and Aslato Rivers.

The rubber hunters, before entering the woods, provide
themselves with guns, aminunition, flour, salt, and tobacco.
Eor meat the hunters depend upon the game they can kill.
A roof of palm trees is quickly made, and every man starts
out with his gun aud machette, each one in a different direction
and alone, hunting for rubber and game. As soon as one finds
a rubber tree he cleans a space around the trunk, cutting away
all vines, underbrush, &o., and marches on again in search of
more rubber trees, not returning to camp until night. Accord-
ing to the immemorial custom, a tree belongs to him who has
cut around it. The hunt is continued imtil all the trees in the
vicinity of the oamp are thus secured. Then begins the work
of gathering the rubber. A hole is dug in the ground near
the rubber tree, unless some other party is encamped near; in
which case the holes are dug near the camp. The bark of the
tree is first hacked with a machette as high as a man can reach,
the cuts being made in the form of a V, and the milk (sap)
collected as it exudes, and put into the hole which has been
dug for it.

After the milk ceases to flow from the cuts a pile of wood or
brush IS made at the foot of the tree, and the tree is chopped
down, the branches keeping one end of the tree off the ground,
and tlie piles of wood at the foot of the tree doing the same
for the other end. Thus the trunk is suspended. The hunter,
after carefully placing large leaves on the ground under the
tree, proceeds to cut gashes in the bark of the tree throughout
its whole length. The milk is collected from the tree and
the leaves placed under it, and added to the milk first collected.
The sap, when it first exudes from the tree, is as white as milk
and about as thick as ci'eam ; but it soon turns black on
exposure to air and light, if not properly watched and oared
for. The quantity of milk which is put into one hole depends
not only on the size of the trees and their distance apart, but
also on the strength of the man who is to carry the rubber
from camp to the river and the track and trail he must carry it
over. As soon as a hole has all the mUk a hunter intends to
put into it he coagulates the rubber, by adding some substance,
such as the root of " inechvacan,"ihaTd soap, &c., and these sub-
stances cause the milk to coagulate so fast as to prevent escape
of the water which is always present in the friisl' sap, and as
the rubber and water wDl not mix, a piece o r boer coagu-
lated this way is full of small cells coniainiu=;' water. Of
coui-se a piece of rubber full of holes lo not ^o valuable as a
piece of homogeneous rubber. EVr this leason Carthagena
rubber is worth leas than Para i uL^ber. 1 have seen tue rubber
of this country made perfectly homogeneous, cluar and trans-
parent as amber. It costs no :i.ore to make such r'Jbber than
to Tnake it full of hr.lm- vLatui-. nl dir". It 'liso uosts on

more to pack one pound of such rubber out of the woods than
to pack one half-pound of porous rubber with its half pound
of waf-er and dirt.

As soon as the rubber trees are cut down and the rubber
coagulated, the pieces are strapped on the backs of the hunters
by thongs of bark, carried by them out to the bank of the
river, and brought to market by canoe or raft.

The value of the rubber exported for the year ending
Dec. 31, 1880, was 335,113dols., an increase over the previous
year, due to the fact of the recent high price of the product.
Of this amount the United States bought to the value of
238,393dols.

There are yet many square miles of rubber trees that have
never been touched ; but access to these valuable forests is very
difficult.

PROFESSOR W. H. FOWLER ON FEET AND FASHION

"We extract the following from a book just published, written
by Professor Fowler : — In walking, and especially running,
the action of the foot is as follows : The heel is first lifted
from the ground and the weight of the body gradually trans-
ferred through the middle to the interior end of the foot, and
the final push or impulse given with tke great toe. It is
necessary then that the parts should aU be in a straight line
with one another. Any deflection, especially of the great toe,
from its proper direction, or any weakening of its bones, liga-
ments, or muscles, must be detrimental to the proper use of
the foot in progression. Against this it wUl perhaps be urged
that there are many fairly good walkers and runners among
us whose great toes have been considerably changed from the
normal position in consequence of wearing pointed boots while
young. This may be perfectly true, but it is also well known
that several persons, as the late Miss Biffin, and an artist
familiar to all frequenters of the Antwerp picture gallery,
have acquired considerable facility in the use of the brush,
though possessing neither hands nor arms, the one painting
only from the shoulder, and the other witti the feet. The
compensating power of nature is very wonderful, and when
one part is absent or crippled, other means are found of doing
its work, but always at a disadvantage as compared with those
best fitted for the duty.

The loss of elasticity and motion in the joints of the foot,
as well as the wrong direction acquired by the great toe, are
in most persons seriously detrimental to free and easy pro ■
gression, and can only be compensated for by a great expen-
diture of muscular power in other parts of the body, applied
in a disadvantageous manner. The labouring men of this
country, who from their childhood wear heavy, stiff, and
badly-shaped boots, and in whom, consequently, the nlay of
the ankle, feet, and toes is lost, have generally small and
shapeless legs and wasted calves, and walk as if on stilts, with
a swinging motion from the hips. Our infantry soldiers also
suffer much in the same manner, the regulation boots in use
in the service being exceedingly ill-adapted for the develop-
ment of the feet. Much injury to the general health — the
necessary consequence of any impediment to freedom of bodily
exercise — must also be attributed to this cause. Since some of
the leading shoemakers have ventured to deviate a little from
the conventional shape, those persons who can afford to be
specially fitted are better off as a rule than the majority of
poorer people, who, although caring less for appearance, and
being more dependent for their livelihood upon the physical
welfare of their bodies, are obliged to wear ready-made shoes
of the form than an inexorable custom has prescribed.

The changes that a foot has to undergo in order to adapt
itself to the ordinary shape of a shoe could probably not be
effected unless commenced at an early period, when it is
young and capable of being gradually moulded into the
required form.

The English mother or nurse who thrusts the tender feet of
a young child into stiff, unyielding pointed shoes or boots,
often regardless of the essential difference in form of right and
left, at a time when freedom is especially needed for their
proper growth and develojiment, is the exact counterpart of
the Chinook Indian woman, applying her bandages and boards
to the opposite end of her baby's body, only with considerably

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE jAND JOXJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

less excuse ; for a distorted head apparently less affects tealth
and comfort than cramped and misshapen feet, and was also
esteemed of more vital importance to preferment in Chinook
society. Anyone who recollects the boots of the late Lord
Palmerston -will be reminded that a wide expanse of shoe
leather is in this country, even during the prevalence of an
opposite fashion, quite compatible with the attainment of the
highest political and social eminence.

No sensible person can really suppose that there is anything
in itself ugly, or even unsightly, in the form of a perfect
Lumin foot; and yet all attempts to construct shoes upon its
mo lei are constantly met with the objection that something
extremely inelegant must be the result. It will perhaps be a
form to which the eye is not quite accustomed; but there is
no more trite observation than the arbitrary nature of fashion
in her dealings with our outward appearance, and we all
know how anything which has received her sanction is for the
time considered elegant and tasteful, though a few years later
it may come to be looked upon as positively ridiculous. That
our eye would soon get used to admire a different shape may
be easily proved by anyone who will for a short time wear
shoes Constructed upon a more correct principle, when the
prevailing pointed shoes, suggestive of cramped and atrophied
toes, become positively painfid to look upon.

FURNITURE TEADES' EXHIBITION.

This important Trades' Exhibition, which was opened at the
Agricultural Hall on the 4th of August, and continued for
twelve days, was visited by large numbers of sightseers, as
well as by members of the trade, from all parts of the country,
and, though the first of the kind, was pronounced by both
visitors and exhibitors alike a decided success ; so that for next
year's exhibition, which is announced to take place on the 1st
to loth May, most of the leading exhibitors have already
secured space — in many cases more than double that lately
occupied by them. Taken as a whole, the Exhibition was one of
the prettiest ever held in London, the stands of many of the
exhibitors being bright with floral decorations. Sewing
machines and domestic appliances proper were not, as may be
expected, largely represented. Washing machines and mangles
were shown by the Highbury Machine Co., who were the only
exhibitors of sewing machines and bicycles. The Household
Machine Co. exhibited Summerscale's washers and mangles ;
Ryan and Eyan, washing machines. The mangles exhibited
by Mr. Jas. LUly were those made by Messrs. L. Smith and
Co., of Bury, and were remarkable for the superiority of their
make and fijiiah.

The upright grand pianoforte shown by the maker
and patentee — Mr. W. H. Davies, of Great Newton-
street, Liverpool — possessed two novel features of special
interest. The reverberating sound-board and guitar pedal —
arrangements peculiar to the instruments of this maker — lend
Mr. Davies' manufactures a more than ordinary value by
enhancing their capabilities in the hands of experienced
pianists. The reveberating sound -board is an arrangement by
which a close sympathy between the sound-board and strings
is formed, thereby giving the harmonies of the octave a fourth
below any note played. By this meaus the duration of the
sound is greatly increased, and the lower notes can be dis-
tinctly heard for four minutes. The "guitar pelal" is
designed to control the vibrations of the strings, and has the
same effect on the piano as a mute on a violin. It is also very
effective in playing very soft passages, and when used with the
expression or celeste pedal can scarcely be distinguished from
the "plucked" notes of a guitar.

The pianofortes of German manufacture shown by Messrs.
Fritz Vietor and Co., of Bruokly-street, Barbican, com-
mended themselves to the visitor not only by the purity of
tone and fine finish of the wood work, but also by the low
price at which they were offered.

Of course, the most important exhibits were those connected
solely with the furciture trade; the stands of Messrs. C. and
E. Light, Lucraft and Son, Jackson and Graham, and many
others, attracting much attention. Hio-l '^vcombe manufac-

turers were represented by Messrs. Skull and Son, Cox ani
Son, and North and Son.

Iron and brass bedsteads were exhibited by Mr. S. B. Whit-
field, of Birmingham, and Mr. W. Bryett, of Caledonian-road,
each making a good show. The bent wood furniture makers
were well represented by the Austrian Bent Wood Co. and
Messrs. J. and J. Kohu.

American manufacturers were, as usual, well to the fore.
Messrs. Angus and Co., of Wenlock-street, E.G., had a large
show of American furniture. Messrs. Wyatt and Co., London
and Liverpool, and Messrs. H. L. Judd and Co., importers of
American specialties, also exhibited. Among the exhibits
were those of Messrs. Phillips and Messrs. Osier, both well
known for the high class of the glass and china goods supplied
by them.

The stands of the Lincrusta Walton Co., and of the Papy-
rotile Co., new waU. decorations, attracted much attention.

Messrs. Steward and Co., of Newgate-street, showed some
patent spring mattresses, a patent spring bed, canvas cot, and
the new centrifugal cinder-sifter, which we have before noticed
in these columns. Messrs. Treloar and Sons and W. DagnaU
each had looms at work mat making.

Parquet floorings, linoleum, and other novelties were to be
seen, as also some fine exhibits of cabinet brass and iron and
locks, varnishes and stains, and polishes for furniture. Among
the last was that of Mr. Williams, of Liverpool, who has
quickly established a good reputation. Mr. George Edwards
made a fine show of billiard tables.

The Cromptoin' Electric Light. — The King's Cross
Station of the Great Northern Railway is now lighted by
means of electricity, a beginning having been made very
recently. The peculiarity of the Crompton system is that
arc lights of large size are used, which are produced by self-
regulating lamps, three or four being placed upon the same
circuit. There are 12 Crompton lamps within the station, six
being placed over the arrival, and a similar number over the
departure, platform. Two other lamps of larger size are
placed outside the station building. The lamps are suspended
at a height of 30 feet from the platform level, and are
arranged on four circuits, the light of each lamp being com-
puted as equivalent to 4,000 candles. The two exterior lights
are estimated at 6,000 candles each, and are placed at an alti-
tude of 70 feet, the lanterns being of clear glass. The current
is supplied by means of five Burgin dynamo-electric machines,
which are driven by a I2-horse semi-portable engine by Messrs.
Marshall, Sons and Co., of Gainsborough, working up to 35-
horse power, and having been designed and constructed
specially for its present work

FOR SALE, 400 Pendleton Medium Shuttles, made by the
late Pendleton Company, in any qaantity at Is. each. —
Apply to O. Robinson and Co., Champion Sewing Machine
Works, Kettering.

TO BE SOLD CHEAP, about 100 Sewing Machines
(Wilcox and Gibbs pattern). Some made to make a
stitch 3-8in. long. — For price and particulars, apply 0. Robin-
sun and Co., Champion Iron Works, Kettei-ing.

ABOUT 300 Wheeler and Wilson Hooks and other fittings,
and about 100 Beds, bored, planed, and cut, and part
japanned. Lot to be sold cheap in parts. — Apply, O. Eobinson
and Co., Sewing Machine Manufacturers, Kettering.

EOBIi\SON and CO., Sewing Machine ManufacturerT,
• Kettering, Makers of the Family and Medium Machine,
in any quantity, finished in any style to suit customers. Heads
only, or mounted on stands complete. Iron work, suited to the
Singer Machine, fitted or unfitted, — 0. Robinsim and Co.,
Patentees, Iron and Brass Pounders, Sewing Machine Manu-
facturers, and Engineers, Champion Woiks, Kettering.

ARTNER WANTED in a well-estabhshed Domestic

Machinery Busiu' ss in a large provincial town. To a

steady practical man who can do repairs, this is an excellent

opening. Capital required about £200. — Address, A. B. 0.,

Seiijing Machine Gazeftc Office, 4, Ave Maria-lane, E.G.

TflE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, l88i.

EXHIBITORS' OPINIONSON THE FIRSTANNUALFURNITURETRADES EXHIBITION.

The Addlestone Linoleum Co., Moorgate Street. —
" Reserve our Bay, we have done plenty of business."

Messrs. W. Angus & Co., Wenlock Street, City Road. —
"We vrish you all success with nest year's Exhibition;
please reserve double the size space."

Messrs. Abmand Geossetete & Co., 8, 10, 11, Cranboume
Street, Leicester Square. — "We desire to make a larger show
and we will take two Bays instead of one, for j'our next year's
Exhibition, and enclose our cheque for same."

Messrs. W. Bailey & Son, Curtain Eoad, E.C. — "We
will take space five times the size of last for next year.
Cheque enclosed herewith."

Messrs. Babclay & Sons, 131, Regent Street, W. — " We
shall want space in your next year's Exhibition, also page
advertisement in the Official Catalogue."

Messrs. Caktee & Ay-nslet, 54, Bishopsgate Street, E.C. —
" We shall want double space next time, and enclose cheque
to secure the same, please send receipt."

Messrs. Choelton & Dugdale, Blackfriars, Manchester. —
" Reserve us same position for your next Exhibition, we were
well pleased with the last."

Messrs. C. Chueohill & Co., Wilson Street. — " Your
Exhibition has quite ajiswered our expectations, we will take
same space again."

Messrs. Clakk, Bunnett & Co., Limited, Rathbone Place,
— " We wish you to reserve us same space as in last Exhibi-
tion, and now forward you our cheque, which please acknow.
ledge."

Messrs. Coneath & Sons, 15 and 40, North Audley Street,
W. — " Let us have a larger space reserved for next year, we
intend to make a good show."

Messrs. Cox & Son, High Wycombe. — " The Exhibition
has fully answered our expectations. We enclose cheque
for space for next year."

Mr. W. Dagnall, Walliam Green. — " The first day's
business paid all my expenses; keep me double space."

Messrs. A. Daw-Keeeell& Co., Argyle Square. — "Reserve
my space for next year, I have done weU."

Mr. Julius A. Dientje. — "Let me have double space for
next year if you can, cheque enclosed."

Messrs. Deew & Cadman, 245, High Holbom. — " We were
thoroughly well pleased with the business done at your
Furniture Exhibition."

Mr. Geoege Edwabds, 182, Kingsland Road, N. — " I have
booked some good orders this time ! don't forget to keep me
a, good position for next year."

Mr. Maueice Gandy, 130, Queen Victoria Street, E.C. —
" Reserve me space for next year ; I am quite satisfied,
enclosed is cheque for the same."

Messrs. Gudgeon & Sons, The Piazza, Winchester. — " We
want double the space for next year, and as nearly the same
position as possible ; cheque sent herewith."

Mr. T. Hansell, St. Albans..^" I am very glad indeed
that I exhibited; reserve me same space."

Mr. H. Heemann, Dod Street, Limehouse. — " Please allot
me space next year four times the size of the present one if
you can spare it."

Messrs. Hodkikson & Claeke, Small Heath, Birmingham,
-r-" Allot us same position as last, we are thoroughly satisfied
with the whole arrangements, and with the business done at
the last."

Mr. Julius Jansen, 3, Melton, Street, Euston Square,
N.W. — " Let me have double space next year, I have
booked good orders, and opened many new accounts."

The Linceusta Walton Co., Sunbury-on-Thames. —
'I The Exhibition has pleased us very much, we shall take
double space next year,"

Mr. James Lodee, Cheltenliam.— " The orders booked and
communications received through your Show are very
gratifying.

Messrs. G. S. Luceapt & Sons, City Road. — "We have
made a great many new customers through the Exhibition."

Messrs. Mooee & Hunion, Worship Street, E.C. — " Please
reserve us an entire block of sixty-six feet for next year, if
you can spare it."

The Myatt Potteby Co., 15, Charterhouse Street. — " The
business done at j'our Exhibition has exceeded our expecta-
tions, we shall exhibit again next year."

Messrs. B. Noeth & Sons, West Wycombe. — " We have
done good business through the Exhibition, and shall want
our space reserved for us agam."

Messrs. P. & C. Oslee, 45, Oxford Street, W., and Birming-
ham.— " We shall have much pleasure in meeting you again
in May next, at the Agricultural Hall, and shall be willing to
retain our old position and spaces if j'our arrangements will
admit of our doing so. You have done wisely in holding
yom- next Exhibition in May instead of August."

Mr. M. W. Ovens, Great Eastern Street. — " I shall want
more space for the next Show, send me form of application."

Messrs. Pontifex &. Wood, Shoe Lane, E.C. — " Your
Exhibition has brought us plenty of new business. We
shall want larger space next year."

Mr. W. Pottee, Great Eastern Street, E.C. — " Please keep
my space for next year, I have done very well."

Messrs. W. Ramsay, Limited. — " Please book my space for
next year, I am perfectly satisfied."

Mr. Geo. Sims, 72 to 77, Aldersgate Street, E.G.—" I shall
go in for much larger show next time ; see me as early on the
subject as you can."

Mr. W. Skull & Son, High Wycombe. — " Reserve my Bay
same as last, and a page advertisement in Catalogue, same
position. "

Mr. G. A. Smith, 253, Euston Eoad. — " Your Exhibition
has given me enough orders to last me some months to
come ; I want double space next year."

Mr. Max Sugab, 7, Thavies Inn, E.C. — " I am quite
satisfied with the business done ; book me the same position
for next year."

Messrs. Teeloab & Sons, 69, Ludgate Hill, E.C— "We
were quite satisfied with your show, and enclose our cheque
for the same Bay for next year ; we may probably want
another, will let you know in a few days."

Messrs. W. H. & S. G. Vaughan, 380, to 337, Old Street,
E.C. — " We should like longer space, say about 40ft. by 12ft.
for next year, we are quite satisfied with results."

Messrs. Walmsley & Lewis, Park Street, N. — " Please
reserve us same space as now for your next year's Exhibition
we wish you all success."

Messrs. W. Wallace & Co., Curtain Road. — " Your Fur-
niture Exliibition has brought us a very large accession of
business, please reserve our space as before."

Messrs. Wells & Co., Shoreditch. — " We intend to be with
you next year, when we are sure ic will be a very big thing.'

Mr. S. B. Whitfield, Birmingham. — "I am entirely
pleased with results, secure me double space for next year."

Messrs. H. B. Wyatt & Co., 2, Star Court, E.G., and
Liverpool. — We want a space four times the size for the next
Exhibition ; let us see a plan at once, showing positions
available."

Sept. ], 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

Edinburgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exhibition, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season were Exhibited.

THE ONLY

ILYER MEDALS

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the " CENTAUR " COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTEUCTION, aud EASE of PROPULSION

Full Descriptive CatalogjA^es of the "Centaur" Bicycle and Tricycles, with Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TRADE. RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.

THE REMINGTON TYPE-WRITER DEPOT, 6, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

A Maotine to supersede the pen for
manuscript writing, correspondence, &o.,
having twice the speed of the pen, is
always ready for use, simple in construc-
tion, not liable to get out of order, easily
understood, and any one who can spell
can write with it. It is used in Govern-
ment offloes, by Merchants, Bankers,
Lawyers, Clergymen, Doctors, Scientists,
&c., &o., &c. Its advantages are great
and numerous, and no one ought to be
without one.

PERFECTED TYPE-WEITER.

It is portable, durable, and finished in the
Btyle of No. "2 ; the working parts are exposed
to view.

PROVINCIAL AGENTS WANTED.

NO. 2. PERFECrE

This machine prints
(capital and small) type

Dpper and
, portable.

WRITER.

Lower Case

BEEMAN & ROBERTS, Sole Agents for the United Kingdom.

THE NEW

MACHINE

STRAIGHT NEEDLE

H
O

W
^

i-:i

P!)

(—1

itoisexjEss, XiiG-Hia? laTji^risriisrG .A-Istid i3"U"s,jvbxjE.

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany.

Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 1867.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

«6

The Coventry Triumph" Bicycles & Tricycles.

,, -...._.., ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ^* EXPRESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

^W S: O Hi E S ^^ Xj E J^1<T1D ^OJR, "E! 2C "P O I?. T j^ T I O IT.

THE LARGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

Machine "Belt"
Manufacturers.

&GHINE VITTIN6S

Oil
Manufacturers.

Warehouse.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.C.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FAf^SY NEEDLES, KNITTINB PINS, Ci^OCHET HOOKS, TUMBLES, &c.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTUEERS,

Price Lists Free. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMmGHAM.

""ElPTRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEA.PEST MACHINE FOR FAMILY V E
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

No. 1.
„ 2.
,, 3.

iPiaiciES.

£1 10 0
2 2 0
2 10 0

Liberal Discount to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers, ,sg^

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co., '*• " *

93, HIO-H: HZOLBOK-IT XiOlTIJOlSr.

Sept. 1, 188:.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

M
o

a
s
^

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAMCHESTEB

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
Double Sec-
tion Hollow
Bims.l8s.6d
per pair.

^^^

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Market.

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.R. Racer is the liehtest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps, Illustrated Ijist of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents,

38, ST^Ji^a-^il^J^'lSr ST.

XjOIsriDOIJ7.

TNDIARUBBER BICYCLE and CARRIAGE TYRES of every description kept
— in stock, and supplied by return. Indiarubher Air Saddles, 78. 6d.. post free
«I1 kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or tinish. Uustrated Price
.i»t, 1 Stamp. Suite & Co., Icdiarubber Manufacturers, 87. Blae^ nan-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANTJFACTUEERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium iVIacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANUFACTTIRERS Or THE

On the Wheeler and "Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers.

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair.

G. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF E\-ERY DESCBIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " LittU Europa" Lock-
stitch Sewing Macliines, and Royal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD STREET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock- Stitch Sewing Machines from 27/ each.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

i Established 1830.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. Be Fontainemoreau ^ Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBXTRY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

FAIRIS AXJTX) B:K.TrSSE31S.

Provisional Protection, £,T ; French Patent, £1 ; Belgian, ^68;

German, .£10 10s. ; United States. .£17 lOs. Designs and Trade

Idiu-ks Registered. Circular gratis on appUcatioik

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6cl.

Is entirely SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or brushes. A current of boiling ends is
passed through and through the clothes, which are thus washed and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Pull Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELVETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES - WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

btrong Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers. and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the " Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
inslantly without labour, dropping them into the basket nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes-Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
('elk ate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cog-wheels, S5 ., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch Boilers.

Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.

Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HAEPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry MaoTdnist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Road, Bow, E.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT) (RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

The JIachine is simply stood in an ordinary crpper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, and it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the itpchine ai id is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to 10 gallons per minute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECUEED BY
EOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once.

No nse of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushing machine
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVKBTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of .Tuly, page 6y : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUB OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

SVSAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COSVIPANY,

S14r Lichfield Koad, Aston, Birmiug'ham.

Sept. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHHSTR GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

THE"BISSCHQP"GASENGIAIE.

Piston and Vahe need no L/ubricator, Will start at a moment's notice.

Power. Peice.

OneMam . f25 0 0

One-and-a-balfMan 30 0 0

TwoMan fS S „

J'ourMan 50 0 0

D5
W

<
<

W
D

OILS.

J. E. H. AJ^DREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

THE " IPEEI^X^ESS "

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

H
P4

■«

«
>«

5 M

g
to

•5'
►a

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

JL G- EHSTTS 'W.A.lsr TED.

IMPEEIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CETSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
"SOLAE" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINEEY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCEEW-DEIVEES, NEEDLES,
EUBBEES, BELTS, FITTINGS and PAETS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANTTPAC-
TUEING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKEE

WASHEE" and DOMINION WRINGEE.
IMPOETEES of AMEEICAN KNITTING

MACHINES,NOVELTTES, and HAEDWAEE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKPOED KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists ob Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO..

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVE TREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s., OB -WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does tlie Fortnight's family
Waah in Four Hours, without bfb
BiNa OK BOILING, as Certified b
thousands of delighted pnrch&sers
It is easy to work, easily under
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not inj-ure the clothes, but really
saves them,; and is the only "Wash
ing Machine in the world which
renders Boiling unnecessary, and
saves five or six hours of copper-
firing each washing day. The Five"
Guinea "Villa" "Washer possesses
tremendous wadung_.,power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five ihinutea; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hour ; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
hour ; 3-i dozen sliirts per hour ; 1
dozen sheets per hour, and counters-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is im_
paralleled! lUustratedProspectuses
.and Es^iort Quotations post free

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LAUNDBY ENGINEER A_ND MACHINIST,

FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.C.

80,

MQRE AGENTS WANTED.

Sole London Agent for 'Ken worthy's "Paragon"
Washing Machine.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sept. 1, 1881.

HILLMAN, HERBERT, & COOPER

Works :— O O V E N T R Y.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

ffnO

MAKERS OF THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

tATENT DOUBLE

BIUIAN HERBERT ICOOFa
MAKEaS.

COOPEB'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HUB LAUF.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rongh road.

ir" hi 5 ■'i

BALL BEARINGS.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

Please send another large size " Cooper's Patent " Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. Tatteespield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
aatiafactloii. Tours truly, H. Eevell Eetnolds, jun., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Eetnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

AU Gommunications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY*

Smrr. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PAET SUPPLIED IN VAEIOTJS STAGES,

From the Rough Stamping or Porgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

JVb/ie hut the very hest Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROK, BEST BEST GTJJ^, Sfc., S^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PEENCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,

BELLS, xScc, <ScO.

, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :—Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

BEALEES ABE INVITED TO APPLY FOE WHOLESALE TEEMS

THE SEWma MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Sbet. 1, 1881

Finlayson,Bonsfield&Co.'s

MACHINE THREADS

SOLE SEWING
MACHINE THREADS

CABLE LAID
THREADS

TAILOR'S THREADS

IHACHINE LINEN THREADS

AND

SHOE THREADS

ARK

CELEBRATED OVER THE WORLD,

And acknowledged by the leading users to be the

BEST LINEN THREADS EVER MADE

^o^^i N.B.— Finlayson, Bousfield, and ^^^

Co., did not exhibit at the Paris

Exhibition.

Prices and Samples free on application to

FLAX MILLS,

JOHNSTONE. -GLASGOW

1851;

1865.

Printed for tha Preprietors, ajid Published by them at 4, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.
SEP.P^ 1881.

THE WHEELER X WILSON N^ 8. SEWING MACHINE

with

THE HALLENBECK BUTTON HOLE ATTACHMENT,

inamifaclmed bv

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COIYIPANY,

21 , Queen Victoria Street,

LONDON, E.r.

JOHE^ * OlTHBSHr^ON^

16. Little TmfTYlAf/B,E c.

Vol. IX. No. 131.

OCTOBER 1. 188i

Price, with Sui^plement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

THE REMINGTON TYPE WRITER DEPOT:

6, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

NO. 4. PERFECTED TTPE-WEITER.

It is portable, durable, and finished in the
style of No. 2 ; the working parts are exposed

to view.

A Machine to supersede the pen for
manuscript writing, correspondence, &c.,
having twice the speed of the pen, is
always ready for use, simple in construc-
tion, not liable to get out of order, easily
understood, and any one who can spell
can write with it. It is used in Govern-
ment offices, by Merchants, Bankers,
Lawyers, Clergymen, Doctors, Scientists,
&c., &c., &c. Its advantages are great
and numerous, and no one ought to be
without one.

REDUCED PRICES.

PKOVINCIAL AGENTS WANTED.

NO. 2. PERFECTED TYPE-WRITES.

This machine prints Upper and Lower Case
(capital and small) type, portable.

BEEMAN & ROBERTS, Sole Agents for the United Kingdom.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 3881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

Patents 19 20

Exhibition of Gas Appliances 20

Silk Cultivation 21

The American and European Sewing Machine Trades 22

The Union Bag Machine 22

Chimonnier, the Inventor of the Sewing Machine 23

Novel Advertising 23

Soap

Leaders 24

The Bradbury Sewing Machines at the Adelaide Exhibition .... 25

The Light Running Stand 25

New Zealand News 25

A German Sewing Machine Manufactory 26

To Make Hard Water Soft 26

Methods for Waterproofing Cloths 26

Accessories in Laundrying 26

The Wilson Adjustable Chain 27

Prize Awards at the Sanitary Exhibition 27

The Linen Thread Industry 28

Manufactured Furs 28

Eastbourne Sanitary Exhibition 29

Gazette 29, 30

Curious Instances of the Importance Attached to Coverings for

the Head 30

Elastic Weo Manufacture 3I1 32

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co 33

Devey, Joseph & Co 34

Hosier and Co 24

Harrington & Co

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 38

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Surrey Machinist Co 35

Timms & Co 15

Warman, Laxon & Co 34

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W

Devey, Joseph & Co 33

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Warwick, Thomas 24

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas & Sons 7q

Warwick, Thomas 24

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 14

Howe Machine Co. , Limited 6

Fork Cleaning Machine:

Hutchison & Co 2

Gas Engine Makers .■

Andrew, J. E. H 37

Crossley Brothers 18

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 7

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co

Alexander & Co

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co

Bown, W

Daville, R. S. & Co

Manasse, Max

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Baer and Remple

Gritzner & Co

Holroyd. J

Howe Machine Company, Limited

Mothersill. R

Pitt Brothers ,

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) .' i ."'.'

Rennick, Kemsley & Co

Singer Manufacturing Company 4,

Thurlow, Charles

Wanzer Sevring Machine Company, Limited

Watson & Co

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co

White Sewing Machine Company ,

Wright, G. E

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company

Daville & Co.

IS
8

37
35

'I
24

S
35
18

33
35

Sewing Machine Needles:

The Park Wood Mills Company
Sewing Thread Manufacturers ;

Carlile & Co

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co

The Remington Type Writer:
Beeman and Roberts

Trade Protection Societies :
Stubbs' Mercantile Offices . . .

Daville & Co.

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Daville & Co

Garrie and Co

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley 36

Kenworthy & Co 18

Taylor & Wilson 12

Taylor, F. D 36

Twelvetrees, Harper 3b & 37

Theobald, E 36

Wolstencroft & Co 34

Whitley & Co 37

SCALE OP CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page .£4

Half „

One Third Page

Quarter „

One Sixth „

lOne Eighth „

24 0

per

insertion

2 2

1 8

1 2

0 15

0 12

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning and
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, cSic. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, J-lb., 6d. ; 1-lb., 1/; 2-lb., I'B.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants^

Length, 23 inches , width, 12 inches , height, 9 in. MCSSFS. HUTCHISON & CO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND

FOR

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES

Lig-ht, Medium, or Powerful, from ^5 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for which the " GRAND PEIZE " was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work „ £8 lOs.
Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work ,, £10.

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, Ac „ £8 lOs.

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 «fe 2 Prices, £6 10s., £7 10s.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, comj^lete, £5 5s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

London. Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.
Briatol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Waloot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
Cardiff. 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Road.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York. 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, 67, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torquay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street,

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES wereSoId in the year i88o, being

at the rate of over i,8oo for every working day.

THE GREAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attributable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch;

AND FOE THEIR

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

fi:om

£4 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4 Os.

Hay be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be -without one of the

Family Machines,
which are unequalled

for all Domestic

Sewing. So simple, a

child can work them.

ISANT7FACTXTREBS should see th*
Manufacturing Machines!

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),

Chief Counting-House in Burope-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

323 Branch OfSces in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N., 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.G.

132, Oxford Street, W.

31 & 33, Newington Causeway, S.E.

149, Southwark Park Eoad, S.E.

S78, Clapham Eoad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Eoad, E.
174^ Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Eow, Barking Boad,
Canning Town, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Richmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W^
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.3.
4a^ North TJnd, Croydon, S.E.

Oct. l/aSSl.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE SINBER MANUFACTURIN6 COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES :

U7, Oheapside, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S-E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E {now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Clapham Road, S.W. ; 144,Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, King-sland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street, Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S,E. ; Croydon, '4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

A.ccringtoii, 9, Peel-street
Mdershot, Victoria^road
^ifreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Ashton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Ayleebury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church- street .
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow-m-Fume38- J 1, D»Jieitli-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet-street
Batley,- Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade, Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
Birkeiiiiead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham. 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, "Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport-street
Bo.=ton, 3^, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' Instit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Keat), 18, High-street
Burnley, 110, St. James'-street
Burton-on -Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St. -Edmunds, 78, St. John-st,
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-et.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chehnsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, Pittville-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldgp.
Chichester, 54, East-street
Cborley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-street
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
Coventry, .12, Fleet^street (oj

Bablake Ohurch)
Crewe, 67, Nantwich-road
Darlingtorj, 10, Prebend-row
bartfordf 18, High-strMt

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36, Park-street
Derby, 22, "Wardwick
Dewabury, Nelson-street (top of

Daisy -hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 5, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post ofB.ce)
Ecclea, 31, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen- street
i Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, "Wharf -road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freemair.*trP3t
Guernsey, 17, Smjth-stre&e
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 53, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly

Maiden, High-street i

MOS, Market-street
Manchester j 132, Cheethara-hill.
( 438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Market Harboro*, Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hiU
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

etreet, "W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street '
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street |
Newport(I of ■Wight).91,Pyle-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, "Wheelergate

Harrogate, 11, "Westmoreland-st. Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street I Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Heckmondwike,2, Market-street ■. Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Hednesford, Station-street | Oswestry, Bailey-street

Hereford, 57, Commercial-street [ Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Hertford, Forden House, "Ware-
road

Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friar gate-street (op-

posi'ie Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61. London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Hexham, 20, Market-place
High "Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, "Whitefriargate
Himtingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, i4A, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall", 3, "Wild man-street
KiddeFminster, KuU Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38, "Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester, 44. Granby-street
Lewes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (Staffs.), 12. Market-ter.

Loughboroueh, 44, Market-place' Saffron Walden, Chiu-ch-street
Lowestoft, 123, High-street i Salisbury, 56, Fisher!»n-street

Luton, 32, Park-street Salford, 4, Cross-iaiae. and 100,

LjTin, 9, Norfolk-street i Regent-road

MMdatoiif , 8, King-st^^'"5 I Scarborongh, 30, Hunnias-row

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Ripley, Market-place
Iiipon, 1, Blossomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham, 109, Main-streflt
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, High-street
Ryde(Isleof Wights, 78, Union-st.

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Union-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19. Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, S'.-Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, "W^d-st.
Stroud, 7, George-streer.
Swadlincote, Station c'reet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth, 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridge -street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-*itreet
Truro. 13, Victoria-pface
Tunbridge "Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
■Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
Watford, „Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
We.'it Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven. 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Markel-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2. St. Nichola.s-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles -street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Maiket-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen-stret/t
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Morthyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, Mavket-hall
Pontvpool, Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Swansea, 103, Oiford-strret

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-streei
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Avr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dimifries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Neth«rpate
Dunft'rmline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes- street
Elgin, 215, High-strei-t
Forfar, 28, Castle-street
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, S9, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackball-rt.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-Ktreet
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Kirkcaldy, 69, High--*,reet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-strcet-crosa
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Tain, LamingtoB-street
Thurse, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle^^trect
Athlone, Church-Street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-st.
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., N.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Droghcda, 97, St. George's-street
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
Enniskillen. 1), High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domnick-street
Kilrusa. Moorv-street
Kingstown, 65^ Lower (reorge-*!
Limerick, 31, Patrick -street
Londonderry, 1. Carlisle-road
Mullingar, Grerille-street
Navan, Trim gate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Qticenstown, Harbour-row
Sligo, 45. Knox-street
Tralce. tO, Bridge-street
Waterford. 124, Quay
Wrxiorfi B«lBkar-«treet

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

OdT. 1,1881.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

|[^ This Macliine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine, "&c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest musUn to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COTTNTERFEITS.

yit\4

■<s>

£4 4s. Complete.

RAYMOND'S PATENT "Household"
Lockstitch Machine has been designed ex-
pressly for family use. It is exceedingly
simple to learn and to manage, and warranted
to sew every Idnd of family and household
work Is fitted with the latest improve-
mentb — loose wheel, and (Registered)
Automatic Bobbin Winder

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

jA-CS-EOSTTS ■\A7".A.3SrTED.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863

THE ELMS HOWE SEWIHG MACHINES

MANUFACTURED BY

The Howe Machine Company,

EXPEESSLT FOE BOOT & SHOE MAKERS

FOR

SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKERS,

Al^D FOK

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERY
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)

A SPECIAL MACHINE FO^ ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the United

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj tror/c FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PU>{ CHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited^

46 & 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

Oct. 1, 1881.

tHE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled excellence.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of Idlt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangemeuts and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

NETT CASH, by the Half Doz.

RETAIL. WHOLESALE.

The Celebrated "TAYLOR FRICTION" Improved...

The ELS A HAND LOCK STITCH Machine

The " COMMERCIAL" CHAIN STITCH formerly caHed
"The Express"

"TAYLOR'S PATENT," No. 3 (Treadle)

The " COMMERCIAL FAMILY MACHINE"

The ditto Hand ditto

[S]

£4 14

£2 0

3 10

1 7

2 2

0 17

6 10

3 0

5 5

2 15

4 4

2 0

Mangles and Washing Machines at full Discount. Mothersill's Patent BICYCLES

33Y3 per cent. otF List Prices. Lists of Prices free on application.

R. MOTHERSILL, 4a, Lawrence Lane, Cheapside.

Sole Agent for England of Tucker and Avery's Anti-Friction Bicycle and Tricycle Bearings,

operated entirely without lubricants.

THE SE"WIN(J MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

B^ST SI=»EOI-A-Xj -A.:P^>OIl^^^Tl^/l:E3S^T.

Sn*?S*^"'

Letters Patent Dated 17th April, 1838.

IXANDER&CO

SEWING COTTON MANUFACTURERS

TO HEE MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA,

MOLENDINAR WORKS, GLASGOW,

AND

OFTHEAD WORKS, NEILSTON

LONDON WAEEHOUSE :

No. 9, BOW LANE, CHEAPSIDE, E.G.

Manufacture all kinds of Sewing Cotton on Reel, Ball, and Card,

for Hand and Machine use. Also Knitting Cotton of a very superior
quality.

Trade Marks for 6, 4, 3, and 2 Cords— Soft and Glace Cottons.

o,kOE,M,

^^"A/f^

jj,^'3E^4^^

SUN

Best Quality.

Moon
Medium Quality.

STAR

Cheapest Quality.

Made in all lengths, free from knots, and guaranteed full measure as marked.

These Threads being favourite brands in almost all markets of the world, unprincipled
and flagrant imitations are very numerous.

Manufacturers, Merchants, and Consumers are warned against imitations, and requested
to take special note of the Trade Marks as above.

Prices of the various kinds, considering qualities, will be found very cheap.

Oct. 1 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

M
M
M
M
M
M
M'
M
M
M
M

ONEY— By JAMES PLATT.

ONET— By the Author of " Business " and " Morality."

ONET — First Edition. Sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth

thousand
ONEY — 208 pages, crown 8vo., oloth limp.

ONET— One shilling.

ONEY — Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall and Co., Stationers' -hall-
court, London, E.G.
ONEY — Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son's Eailway Bookstalls.

ONEY— Messrs. Willing and Oo.'s Bookstalls.

ONEY— At every Bookseller's.

ONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.C, wiU

send a copy, post free, for one shilling.
ONEY — Contents : l4-efaoe, Money.

ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money ?

ONEY — Currency : Gold Money, Silvei Money.

ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange.

ONEY— Bank Shares, Banking.

ONEY — Exchange, Interest.

ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panioi.

ONEY — Individual Success.

ONEY— National Prosperity.

ONE r— Concluding Remarks.

M'
M'
M
M'
M
M'
M'
M

MONEY. — Page 28 : — " It is only by understanding our mone-
tary system that we can realise the power of * credit.' Our com-
mercial system is based upon faith ; cheiiueB, bills, notes are mere bits of paper,
and only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of credit that transactions to
the extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted through the Clearing-
house Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,'
based upon 'credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction with banking-,
this institution settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enonL^s
amount, without the aid of a single metallic coin—merely, by bookkeeping, or trans-
fer of cheques, /lie debiting or crediting of AorB."

MONET. Page 48 : — " Barter or exchange tetween buyer and
seller is, of course, the more simple operation, but it is not practicable ;
simple enough if you could always find some one willing to take what you have and
able to offer what you require in exchange thereof ; but, this not being possible, the
difficulty is at once conquered by money. Barter your property for money, then
take the money, and get for it what you like and when you like. This is the action,
as it is the essence of currency ; it enables you to sell for money of such intrinsic
Talue that it will obtain for you anywhere what you want and when you want it."

MONEY. Page 74 : — " Our Currency Act should be so framed
that at all times, more especially in times of panic, the people
may be certain that any amount of money can be had by those who have the
requisite securities to deposit for the same. It is the dread of not being able to get
the money that causes half the mischief, and it is folly to go on trusting in time of
need to suspend the operation of the Bank Charter Act. When an Act is sus-
pended it must be either to remove an evil which the Act has produced or to
prevent an evil which the Act may produce."

MONEY. — Page 80: — "But the fact stares us in the face that
these panics do not arise from the want of gold, but a limita-
tion and restriction of the ordinary accepted currency of the .kingdom just at
certain junctures when the nation requires more instead of less of the circulating
medium ■ and it can be proved that a larger issue of bank notes at these periods
stops the' distrust, the blind fear that creates panics. Therefore, why not remove
the cause by not limiting the issue of notes t© the stock of gold and a certain sum
aot exceeding £15,000,000 upon securities ; and, as they cannot be incre,ased upon
the stock of bullion, nfter the Act, to any sum the nation needs, if Government
security to the value thereof be deposited."

MONEY. Page 167: — "The limitation of the Bank Act must
be removed. There is no reason why the limit should be
15 millions • whilst there is every reason why the Act should be altered and the
sum enlarged. There is no necessity for a fixed sum. All we want is security for

the notes issued." ^^

tSuSLNESS- By JAMES PLATT.

"DUSINESS— 66th, 57th, 68th, 69th, 60th thousand.

"DUSLNESS— One Shilling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationers' -
hall-court, London, E.G.
T>USINESS— Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son's Railway BookstaUa.

"DUSINESS— Messrs. Willing and Co.'s Bookstalls.

"BUSINESS— At every Bookseller's.

BUSINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.O., will
send a copy, post free, for one shilling.
TDUSINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

B
B
B

USIN ESS— Business qualities.
USINESS— Health, Education, Observation.
USINESS — Industry, Perseverance.

"DUSINESS— Arrangement, Punctuality.
I USINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.

X>USINESS— Truthfuhieas, Integrity.

USINESS— Money, and what to do with it.
USINESS— Bank Shares.
USINESS— Depression of Trade.

B
B
B

-Q USINESS— Free Trade and Reciprocity.
-Q USINESS— CivU Service Stores.
-13USINESS— Co-operative Trading.
-13 USINESS— Concluding Remarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : " Commerce is guided bylaws as inflexible
as those of health or gravitation ; and the primary cause of
failure in business may be traced as unerringly as the punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature.''

BUSINESS. — Page 179: "From every pulpit and in every school
throughout the kingdom the justification of double dealing and
trickery upon the plC- *hat it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in
any vocation, shoula ».. denounced in the most umnistakeable language as a libel
on Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real cause— the man't
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or profession he follows."
f "DUSINESS.— Page 110:— "Thoughts have been well termed the
-13 seeds of acts. It has been said, and may be acoepttH as a truism,
that * nothing is denied to well-directed diligence.' "
]\/rORALITy— By JAMES PLATT.

ORALITY— 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th thousand.

ORALITY — 208 pages, crown 8vo., cloth limp.
IVyORALITY- One Shilling.

MORALITY — Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationers'
hall-court, London, E.G.
ORALITY- Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son's Railway Bookstalls ,

MORALITY— Mr. Blatt, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.O.
will send a copy post free for One Shilling.
"lYrORALITY— Contents :—

lyT ORALITY— Introduction, Morality.

MORALITY.- Page 202 :— " Make us feel we are imder the rule
of ' One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringed
with impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will flo to do, to leafU Hj
wishes, and be happy by reverently obeying Him."
lyrORALITY— Business— Money.

MR. PLATT, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.C, will smid
copy of any one of these works poet free ivt It.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES,

Oct. 1, 1881.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

BS' MEIOANTILE OFFICES

TEADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LOIS^DOI^, E.C

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

For IRELAND.

BIRMINGHAM—TO, Exchange Buildings.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— TO, South Mall,

OFFICES

For SCOTLAND.

CHIEF

/DUBLIN— 21, College Green. I

( BELFAST— 55, Victoria Stre,->i. |

DISTRICT OFFICES :

GLOUCESTER— B, CoUege Court
LEEDS— 1, Eas^ Parade.
LIT I RPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.
With Agents and Correspondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United Stat^ of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London,

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
\ EDINBURGH— 4, Cookburn Street.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH -85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD- 86, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street

BELFAST— The Noethebn Banking Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bank op England.
DUBLIN— The National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The Nationai, /5ank op Scotland
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bark op Liverpool.
MANCHESTBR^Manchester and salfoed Bane.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

Witli their various associated Agencisa, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants
Manufacturers, Traders, »nd others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptituile.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

T^JPiqVES or STTBSCI?.II=TIOKr

(Except for Sj»ecial Service and Financial Departments, in which the Eates will be fixed by Agreement according to the
circumstances.) One, Two, Thbee, and Five Guineas, according to requirements.
PEOSPECTUSES GIVING PULL PAETICULAS8 ON APPLICATION.

O JLTJT I O IN-.

There i i no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Ofifices (situate at the corner of

King St., opposite Guildhall), excegl the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWnSTG MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Obtained Prize Medals

wherever exhibited, LondoD

Paris, America, etc.

f Established 30 years ; one of
■(the Oldest Makers, and first
( to introduce Sewing Machines

} PITT BROTHERS,

MAKERS OF

Manufacturing and Domestic Sewing- Machines.

GKEAT KEDUCTION IN
PHICES.

Agents, Shippers and Dealers

liberally treated.

Illustrated Lists Free.

The Trade Mark is ^ft
fastened on the Arm
of each Machine.

All interested in
Sewing Machines are
respsatilxJIy desired to
write at once for
Illustrated Lists, as
onr Machines have
many IMPORTANT
IMPEOVEMEKTS and

Additions, which,

coupled with their
Superior and Durable
Finish, the Sales are
Increasing Weekly,
and the Reports from
Agents and Shippers
are most encouraging.

WHITLOW sc

PITT BEOS., Alma Foundry, LIVERSEDGE, Yorkshire.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

Sjdnej Exhibition.

PRIZE

MEDAL

AWA RDS

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
*' DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price^ £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Prizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, tborouglily seasoned, and are all fitted with oui
well-known patents and appliances, which cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalo£ioe free on application to

TAYLOR & AVILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES-

ITZNER

Factory of Sewing Macliines and Sewing Machine Cabinets

At DURLACH,

ermany.

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Chair
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Fig. B.
LOCKED

Chair and
Sewing Ma-
chine withiu

omimm

C^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above those
for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-

pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by Bpeoial

artiste. AU machines with loose wheel

and self-acting winder.

omm

cm, mn

omm

^XTEHSIQH

UBIE.

Furnished

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerone Sshibitiong.

Novel I
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International
EXHIBITION

1879.

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

THE SEWING MA.CHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES, Oct. 1, 18^1

THE BLAXE & GOODYEAR BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY CO.

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the Paris Exposition.

BOOT FINISHING MACHINERY.

Gilmore LeveUer.

Patent Edge Parer.

Latham Heel Parer.

1, WOESHIP STEEET, EmSBTJEY, LONDON, E.G

0(1. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

^* £ ^

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H g H o

H ^ H H

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M o Q o

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C ►^ 1-3

O H Q H

H O ^ O

H a H ^

O • H •

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SIX- CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CKOCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLISHED 1752.

No. 3 PERFECTION. Jackson's Patent.
12 Miles an Hoiir Obtainable.

Especially suited to Ladies. Price £16.
Easy, Safe and Sraoefuli

TIMMS & CO.,

EAST STREET WORKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUFACTURERS OF

TRICYCLES AND
BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

AND
PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

niuatrated Lists on application.

Pavourite Rotary Action.

Compact and Ifeat.
Price £14 lis.

"THE SEWING MACHIKE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

v'3

JtrSTIN BEOWNH can refer to cusfcomers wliom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, Sec, all of whom have
exprRsee>i the g-feateat Batisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of the
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Adverfcisuig, &o., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses. We can offer an equally good instrument at a much lower iiguiSt

CATALOGUES OF DESIGI^S AND PRiOES SEr^T FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE.

F I ANOFORTE MAWUFAt

237 & 239, EUSTON ROAP, LONDON, ENGLAND.

Oct. 1, 188].

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTIENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MACHm:

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for

all work.

12 various

styles.

■r-^ I Every machine
I-l-' Warranted for
TTTPTD ^ years. Legal
inrilXVJ guarantee.

AHRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine — or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY,

19, Queen Victoria Street, loudon, E.G.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

WING MACHrNES.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, wherever Exhibited.

THE NEW "LITTLE WANZER."— Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel-plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet light running
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s.

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with every
improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER " E " Wheel Peed Machine, for heavy work of aU kinds^
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of . perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. TTu
only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

WANZER "^"

The Wanzer Sewing Machine Company ^

Great Mechanical Success of the Age. l i x»i i t e d ,

It combines all the known advantages of other Chief Ofilce — 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.
Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base, ^.,^.„^.r^.r^ ^^.r^ ^.^.^ .^ ^...,_^ *'

F««r «.(«.«. ..mpw.. OXFORD OIROT] S, LONDON, W.

NEW HIGH-CLASS WASHING MACHINE.

The "PARAGON" Washer, Wringer and Mangier (KENWORTHY'S Patent) is a compact
powerful, and easily-worked Machine, the highest type of perfection and scientific construction, and
contains more of all that is excellent than any other Washing Machine in the
world, and is rapidly gaining the reputation of being the best for Family use.
Awarded Highest Honours in Trial of Washing Machines at the National
Agricultural Show, Southport; Amalgamated Society's Show, Newton Heath,
Manchester, First Prize, Silver Medal ; Oldham Agricultural Show, First Prize,
Silver Medal, General Competition, and also an extra First Prize, Silver Medal,
for Improvements ; Worsley Agricultural Show, the Society's Medal ; Altrincham
Agricultural Show, First Prize ; Crompton and Shaw Agricultural Show, First
Prize, Society's Medal ; Saddleworth Agricultural Show, First Prize, Society's
Medal ; also gained Prizes and Honours at the Northumberland, Halifax, Tod-
morden, and Preston Agricultural Shows.

Showing Plus-qeb,
which works up and
down in tub about 60
times per minute, at-
mospherically forcing
the hot water and soap
through the clothes,
thus not only loosing
thedirtbutthorouirhly
removing it in a short
space of time, without
any possibilityof wear-
ing or injuring the
most delicate articles.

Mr. Jordan Evans, 92, Cawder Street, Prince's Road,. Liverpool, says : —
" I beg to inform you that the ' PAEAGON ' Washing, Wringing, and
Mangling Machine supplied by you some time ago is a great success, perform-
ing all you claim for it, and more. The mechanism is simple, yet effective,
the articles to be cleansed being acted upon by atmospheric pressure and
suction alternately, instead of being turned and twisted round, as in most
other Machines, the most delicate fabrics are aninjured. I may add that a
wash which previously took eight hours can be comfortably completed in less
than two hours."

Pa,tentees and Sole Manufacturers of the Celebrated and World-Eenowned PATENT " CANADIAN WASHER,"
-which is the most Simple, most Effective, and the most Economical "Washer ever offered to the Public. This is
on the same principle as the " Paragon Washer " Plunger, but is made to use by hand in any ordinary maiden tub,
washtub, or bowl. Over 30,000 have been sold in a short time.

AGENTS WANTED in Districts not yet Eepresented,

E. N. KENWORTHY & CO., ^^A^Ii'^glSf''' OLDHAM, LANCASHIRE.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

The follomng hst has leen compiled expiessly for the "Sewing

Machine Gazetie," by G-. P. Redfern, Patent Agent, 4, South Streeti

Finslury, London, and at Pans and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—

No. 3,397. W. and T. Wild, both of Stewarton, Ayrshire, North
Britain, Machinists, for improvements in ma-
chinery for the manufacture of knitted fabrics
for mailing Scotch bonnets and other articles.
Dated August 5, 1881.

„ 3,398. G. P. Leigh, of Manchester, for improvements in the
construction of machines known as slubbing,
intermediate, and roving frames, used in the
preparation of cotton and other fibrous sub-
stances for spinning. Dated August 5, 1881.

„ 3,408. G. Strickland, of Valletta, Malta, for improvements
in bicycles and other velocipedes. Dated Aug.
6,1881.

„ 3,420. A. W. Adams, of Southampton, for improvements in
fastening for wearing apparel and other pur-
poses. Dated August 8, 1881.

„ 3,422. P. L. Mitchell, of Violet-street, Halifax, Pianoforte
Maker, for improvements in or relating to the
construction of pianoforte actions. Dated Aug.
8, 1881.

„ 3,433. W. E. Poster and T. J. Williams, both of Grange-road,
Berraondsey, London, for improvemLnts in
securing indiarubber tyres to wheels of bicycles,
tricycles, and other vehicles. Dated August 8,
1881.

„ 3,462. D. Stewart, of Glasgow, Engineer, for improvements
in machinery for beetling, calendering, or finish-
ing woven fabrics, felt, paper, and yarns. Dated
August 10, 1881.

„ 3,480. J. Heatou, of Bradford, Wool Comber, for improve-
ments in machinery for combing wool and other
fibres. Dated August 11, 1881.

„ 3,522. A. Paget, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for im-
provements in knitting machinery. Dated
August 13, 1881.
C. S. Schneider, of Chelsea, London, for improvements

in crinolines. Dated August 15, 18S1.
A. Francois, of Douai, France, for improvements in

sewing machines. Dated August 16, 1881.
G. Eichards, of City-road, Manchester, and B. C,
Pilghman, of Gray's-inn-road, London, for im-
provements in velocipedes. Dated August
17, 1881.

„ 3,573. A. Ball, of Spalding, Lincolnshire, Physician and
Justice of the Peace, for improvements in a
smoke-consuming grate for warming and cooking
purposes, including warming, ventilating, and
disinfecting buildings, by influx and efflux venti-
lation. Dated August 17, 1881.

„ 3,576. M. A. Weir, of Gracecburch-street, London, for im-
provements in velocipedes. Dated Aug. 17,1881.

,, 3,587. A. W. Kobinson, of Birmingham, Mechanical Engi-
neer, for improvements in bicycles and other
velocipedes. Dated August 17, 1881.

„ 3,590. C. A. Barlow — a communication from J. Halter, of
Bebstein, Switzerland, for improvements in
machine embroidery, and in ttie process and
apparatus for manufacturing the same. Dat^jd
August 17, 1881.
C. Collard, of Oval-road, Camden Town, London, for
improvements in the construction of pianofortes.
Dated August, 18, 1881.
T. T. Shaw and H. D. Meredith, both of Manchester,
for improvements in or applicable to perambula-
tors. Dated August 19, 1881.

„ 3,610. H. M. Mellor, of Arkwright-street, Nottingham, for
improvements in the manufacture of circular-
ribbed fabrics, and in circular hosiery frames to
be used for this purpose. Dated August 19,
1881.

„ 3,623. C. Toope, of Stepney, Loudon, for improvements in
bicycles and tricycles. Dated August 19, 1881.

„ 3,631. T. Goldie, of Airdrie, Lanarkshire, North Britain,
Manufacturer, for improvements in macliinery
or apparatus for sizeing or dressing yarns or
threads. Dated August 20, 1881.

„ 3,637. W. Webster, of San Francisco, United States, for
improvements in sewing machines for stitching
sacks, bags, ships' sails, carpets, and for other
like purposes. Dated August 20, 1881.

„ 3,684. W. G. Hammon, of Coventry, for improvementa in
driving gear for velocipedes. Dated August 24,
1881.

„ 3,688. A. Watkins, of St. George's-square, Eegerit's Park-
road, London, Horogolist, for improvements in
sewing machines, and in apparatus for driving
the same, so as to render them self-acting. Dated
August 24, 1881.

„ 3,697. G. E. Godsall and J. C. C. Eead, of Birmingham,
Manufacturers, for an improved bicycle lamp.
Dated August 25, 1881.

„ 3,699. J. Sefton, of Belfast, Mechanical Engineer, for im-
provements in hem-stitching and other sewing
machines. Dated August 25, 1881.

„ 3,716. J. I. Warman, of Coventry, for certain improvements
in chains applicable to the transmission of
motive power known as pitch chains, and to the
wheels or pulleys on which they work, applicable
to velocipedes, hoisting machines, and other
mechanical purposes. Dated August 25, 1881.

„ 3,723. F. Caldwell, of Loughborough, Leicestershire, for
improvements in machinery and apparatus to be
employed in the manufacture of knitted fabrics.
Dated August 26, 1881.

„ 3,744. E. C. F. Otto, of Peckham, London, for improvements
in bicycles and other velocipedes. Dated August
27, 1881.

„ 3,760. H. Bland, of Luton, Bedfordshire, for improvements
in sewing machines. Dated August 29, 1881.

„ 3,763. J. K. Starley, of the Meteor Works, Coventry, for
improvements in driving velocipedes, and in
apparatus employed therein. Dated August 30,
1881.

„ 3,764. J. K. Starley, of the Meteor Works, Coventry, for im-
, provements in and appertaiLing to velocipedes.

Dated August 30, 1881.

„ 3,769. E. A. Smythe, of Melcombe-place, Dorset- square,
London, for an improved method or apparatus
for propelling velocipedes. Dated August 30,
1881.

„ 3,774. A. M. Clarke — a communication from J. K. Harris, of
Springfield, Ohio, United States, for improve-
ments in button-hole attachments for sewing
machines. Dated August 30, 1881.

„ 3,782. J. White, of Earlsdon, near Coventry, Watch Manu-
facturer, and J. Asbury, of Coventry, Machinist ,
for improvements in the construction of veloci-
pedes. Dated August 30, 1881.

„ 3,787. H. Wilkinson, of St. Aubin Villas, St.amford Hill,
London, Engineer, for improvements in veloci-
pedes. Dated August 31, 1881.

,, 3,803. W. E. Lake — a communication from H. Bond, of
Haverhill, Massachusetts, United States, for
imBrovements in sewing machines. Dated
September 1, 1881.

„ 3,805. J. Humpage, of Brunswick-street, Bristol, Engineer
and Machinist, for improvements in velocipedes.
Dated September 1, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —
No. 619. E. Macaul.ay, and J. Ballintine, of Glasgow, for
improvements in gas-heated smoothing irons.
Dated February 14, 1881.
„ 668. H. J. Swindley, of Kensington, London, Civil Engi-
neer, for improvements in bicycles and other
velocipedes. Dated February 16, 1881.
„ 671. A. Kirby, of Harpur-place, Bedford, for improvements
in the construction of velocipedes and appa-

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

860. L.
911.

948. W,

ratus connected therewith. Dated February 16,
1881.
No. 684. G. A. J. Schott, Bradford, Manufacturer, for improve-
ments in the manufacture of fancy yarns, and in
the apparatus employed therein. Dated Feb-
ruary 17, 1881.
, 753. G. W. Ash, of Kussell-street, Southsea, for improve-
ments in or applicable to bicycles. Dated Feb-
ruary 22, 1881.
,, 754. G. Singer, of Coventry, Warwickshire, and A. W.
Metcalfe, of Clifton, Gloucestershire, Engineering
Student, for improvements in bicycles and other
velocipedes. Dated February 22, 1881.
„ 768. J. and J. C. Buckley, both of Leeds, for improve-
ments in apparatus for pressing, smoothing,
and finishing garments or parts of garments,
also for pressing woollen or other woven or
felted fabrics. Dated February 23, 1881.
Appleton, of Brecknock-crescent, London, for
improvements in machinery or apparatus for
cleaning knives. Dated March 1, 1881.
J. and C. E. ChaUis, both of Sydney-road, Homerton,
London, for improvements in or relating to
velocipedes, applicable in part to other purposes.
Dated March 3, 1881.

A. Barlow — a communication from W. v.
Krause, of Neusalz af Oder, Germany, for a
new or improved meat chopping or mincing
machine. Dated March 5, 1881.
972. C. G. Hawkins, of Leyton-road, Forest Gate, London,
for improvements in tricycles and other veloci-
pedes. Dated March 7, 1881.
988. E. C. P. Otto, of Springall street, Peckham, London,
for improvements in wheels for velocipedes
and other vehicles. Dated March 8, 1881.

1,001. K. C. Fletcher, of Tarleton Eectory, near Preston,
Clerk in Holy Orders, for improvements in
velocipedes. Dated March 9, 1881.

1,136. W. E. Lake — a communication from F. G. Lange, of
St. Acheul-les-Amiens, Prance, for improve-
ments in machinery for combing wool and other
fibrous materials. Dated March 16, 1881.

2,0G0. A. M. Clark — a communication from Mrs. A. Dor-
mitzer, of New York, Dnited States, for
an improved window-cleaning chair, applicable
also for other purposes. Dated May 11, 1881.

2,390. W. E. Lake— a communication from A. K. Hebard,
of Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, for
improvements in pianofortes. Dated May 31,
1881.

2,424. G. P. Elder, of Lockee, Forfarshire, North Britain,
for improvements in overhead sewing machines.
Dated June 2, 1881.

2,428. J. Hargrave, of Burley, Leeds, Gentleman, for im-
provements in machinery or apparatus for
cleaning and polishing knives. Dated June 2,
1881.

2,917. G. W. von Nawrocki — a communicatiom from A.
Engische, of Basle, Switzerland, for an improved
construction of thread bobbins or winders for
sewing machines and other purposes. Dated
July 4, 1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 3,047. H. W. Hemsworth — a communication from H. Aim,
of Brandenburg, Germany, for improvements
in pianoforte actions. Dated August 1, 1878.

„ 3,058. H. J. Haddan — a communication from H. P. Henriok-
son, of Paris, for improvements in sewing and
in machinery therefor. Dated August 2, 1878.

„ 3,083. A. Westerby, of Hoxton, London, for improvements
in machines for ironing articles of wearing
apparel. Dated August 3, 1878.

„ 3,090. M. H. Pearson, of Leeds, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated August 3, 1878.

„ 3,106. E. Edmonds — a communication from E. M. Wanzer,
of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, for improvements
in plaiting machines. Dated August 6, 1878.

„ 3,126. M. Doubleday, of Old Eadford, Nottingham, Slater,
and T. Humber, of Queen's-road, Nottingham,
Bicycle Manufacturer, for an improved tricycle.
Dated August 8, 1878.

„ 3,291. J. Weohselmann, of Berlin, for certain improvementa

No.

in looms for manufacturing regularly knitted
hosiery. Dated August 21, 1878.

3.302. C. H. Butterworth de Botwor, of Belsize-square,

South Hampstead, London, for improvements in
tricycles. Dated August 22, 1878.

3.303. W. Bown, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for certain

improvements in attachments and accessories for
sewing machines, parts of which are applicable
tor other useful purposes. Dated August 22, 1878.

Specifications Published Duking the Month.

Postage Id. each extra.

1880.

5,432. J. Harrington, tricycles, &o.

5,511. J. Starley, velocipedes ■ ...

1881.

41. J. and H. Kiddier, knitting machinery

55. J. Hughes, apparatus for washing linen, &o. ...
61. J. Holden, actuating sewing machines, &c.

64. T. Coltman, knitting machines ...

80. J. Coates, jun., holders or supports for sewing-
thread spools or bobbins

89. E. C. Fletcher, velocipedes

97. J. Stubley, knitting machinery

165. J. H. Johnson, carpet cleaning machines

188. J. C. Mewburn, sewing machines

231. J. Watterworth, perambulators, &c

259. G. lUston, tricycles, &c. ... ...

260. J. Turner, J. A. Lamplough, and G. P. Brown,

seats of tricycles, &c.

263. J. H. Sraith, knitting machines, &c.

273. J. Wetter, knitting machines

282. E. E. Settle, velocipedes

305. A. C. Henderson, gas stoves ...

326. E. H. Brandon, sewing machines, &a

356. T. Warwick, bicycles, tricycles, &c

367. J. H. Johnson, apparatus for starting, stopping,

and regulating the motion of sewing

machines, &o....
391. T. Tongue and T. E. Bladon, bicycle and tri-

cycle lamps, &o.

461. H. Dobson, skates

603. J. P. Becker, jun., skate ...
1,988. A. Munzinger, machines for spinnina carded

wool, &c. ... ...

0 6

0 2

0 4

0 6

EXHIBITION OP GAS APPLIANCES.
An interesting exhibition of apparatus and appliances illus-
trative of the manner in which gas may be utilised for light,
heat, and motive power, has been held at the Town Hall,
Weston-super-Mare, under the auspices of the directors of the
Gas Company, and under the direction of their surveyor, Mr.
J. W. Helps. The exhibitors were 24 in number, and included,
among lamp manufacturers, Messrs. Bray and Ca. and Messrs.
Sugg; Mr. C. Wilson (Leeds), Carlton and Eclipse kitcheners,
stoves, and grillers ; Messrs. Davis and Sons (Bath), gas stove
makers ; Messrs. John Wright and Co. (Birmingham), 23
cookers, kitcheners, roasters, grillers, and stoves ; Messrs.
Webster and Co, (Nottingham), duplex system of lighting,
patent gas fire, sanitary stoves, and system of heating for
large buildings ; Messrs. S. Leoni and Co., family kitcheners,
stoves for use by vaiious trades, hot plates, boiling stoves,
and gas fires ; Messrs. Verity Bros. (London), patent gas fire,
which may be used in an ordinary fireplace, circulating copper
boilers, and combined boilers and coils for warming halls, coa-
servatories, &c. ; Messrs. Stark and Co. (Torquay), scvomI
stoves and gas- pressure regulator; Mr. T. Fletcher (War-
rington), triple ovens, ventilated hot-air oven, invalids' oven,
cooking and boiling burners, water heaters and injector, gaa
furnace ; Mr. Felix Thomas (Weston-super-Mare), improved
baths, the Stott self-acting gas-valve, and a large collection
of gas fittings ; Messrs. Carnarby and Co., gas apparatus, for
the safe and economical use of gas ; Messrs. Beverley and
Wylde (Leeds)', Leeds kitcheners and Sydney gas-cookers ;
Messrs. H. and C. Davis (London), stoves, &c. ; Messrs. Arden,
Hill, and Co. (Birmingham), cookers, ovens, and cone radiat-
ing stove ; Messrs. Ewart and Son (London), improved gas
bath ; Messrs. Eitchie and Co. (London), Luxcalor heating
apparatus ; Messrs. W. and B, Cowan (London), metera and

Oct. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

governors ; Messrs. A. "Wright and Co. (London), pressure
gauges; Mr. Andrew (Stockport), Bisschop gas engine;
Messrs. J. Davis and Co. (London), apparatus used in gas
manipiilation ; Weston-super-Mare Gas Company, Otto gas
engine, photometer, &o. ; Messrs. J. Hancock and Co. (Dudley),
domestic appliances.

SILK CULTIVATION.

Among the wares which farmers in the South of Europe
bring to market are bunches of mulberry-leaves. They are
purchased by people who keep silkworms, and who have not
the means on their own ground for feeding them. The leaves
are sold by weight in the market ; and to select what will
nourish the worms best is a task of some difficulty. The
farmer wants to sell the heaviest, but the purchaser knows that
as the tree grows older the leaf gets smaller, and that it is the
small leaf which contains most food. Those who do not buy
in the markets hire mulberry trees in nurseries and plantations
for the season, a good tree giving from thirty to sixty pounds
of leaves. The price of a tree varies according to the local
demand for it, but eight francs would not be considered too
much for one yieldii^g thirty pounds of leaves.

"When the leaves are carried home from market the rearing
of the silkworms commences. It is a work requiring the
greatest care and delicacy, and there are various ways of setting
about it. In spite of improved methods, many of the silk
cultivators of the South still maintain the most primitive.
They have the eggs of last year's grey moths preserved in vials
hermetically sealed. These have been immured in earthern
pots, kept at a low temperature, so as to avoid premature
hatching. To hatch the eggs they are taken out, and one or
two ounces of them being poured into a silk bag, it is worn on
the chest for some days. At night it is put under a pillow or
wrapped in fine linen ; the eggs are placed on a bed kept at
the average heat of the human body. After the worms are
hatched they are lifted into flat basket! and covered with mul-
berry leaves, which they devour greedily. The feeding goes on
for a week, or it may be a fortnight, the worms not seeking to
escape from the baskets where they are supplied. At the end
of that time they stop feeding, crawl vmeasUy among the
chopped leaves, and the cultivator knows they are preparing
to spin. At that stage small bushes are given to them — broom-
bushes, heath, or clean bean-stalks. These are arranged in
rows, with air and space between each, and look like so many
miniature hedges. Inside and around them the cocoon is
spun. By-and-by, with! the worms inside, the cocoons are
carried out to a cauldron in the cultivator's garden and thrown
into hot water. The silk then loosens itself and may be wound
off, and the dead bodies of the worms are given to the birds,
who appreciate them as if they were seed. The silk thread
may then go to the market, and from that to the factory.

The silkworm is not, however, a native of Southern Europe,
though in, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, and Turkey its culti-
vation is pursued with different degrees of success, China is
the true home of the worm ; and it was at Constantinople that
two Persian monks, coming from the country of the Seres,
first introduced it during the reign of Justinian. It is to this
first progeny, carried from the East in a hollow cane, that all
the later silkworms of Europe must be referred. It was soon
discovered that, with the introduction of the mulberry, Europe
could be made as productive as China. Becoming independent
of Oriental supplies, sUk was sent out from the Greek Empire,
by way of "Venice, for 600 years. The Chinese, however, stiU
maintain their ancient cunning in the cultivation of the
insect, They allow no stranger into the secret of their trade,
and to England alone they send in a good year as much as
four million pounds worth of silk. The hanks, or "books,"
as they are called, come into market covered with caps
made of a single cocoon ; and it is one of many processes in
connection with the culture and exportation of silk by the
Chinese which in Europe is neither practised nor understood.

The industry was carried in the eleventh century to Sicily
by Eoger I. ; and, as he had seized some Athenian weavers,
silk was not only grown but manufactured with all the art of
the period. From Sicily the industry readily passed into
Italy, France, and Spain, though the Veietians and the

Genoese had already been importing worms and mulberries
on their own account. A curious circumstance in connection
with it was that the noblest Venetian families thoiight that
they might engage in the trade without loss of dignity.
Glass and drugs shared the distinction with sUk. Louis XI.
probably deserves the credit of introducing silk into France ;
Tours became a rising town under his patronage. Francis I.
promoted the industry in the neighbourhood of Lyons and
Avignon. Henri IV. personally interested himself in the
subject and the naturalisation of the insect as far north as
Orleans. He was anxious to have it introduced at Paris, and
at Fontainebleau mulberry trees were planted in great numbers.
At the same time he offered titles of nobility to such
Parisians as had sufficient enterprise to establish silk factories.
Later on Louis XIV. is found offering a reward of three livres
to the cultivator of every mulberry tree which should be in a
thriving condition three years after it had been planted. The
consequence was that Provence, Languedoc, Dauphiue, Lyon-
noise, Gascony, and Saintonge became mulberry plantations.

A bold attempt was made by James I. to render silk-culture
popular in England. It had long been known that silkworms
fed in English houses had gone through the work of spinning
and breeding as if they were in a southern climate. It seemed,
therefore, to King James that nothing was required but
mulberry-trees ; so he sent out circular letters to the county
authorities of England, inviting those who could to buy sprigs
in London at three farthings a piece, and to plant them with-
out delay. For a time there was much excitement at the
prospect of silk being made indigenous. Not very long before
a sumptuary law had been passed for the benefit of a too
luxurious middle class, providing "that whosoever shall wear
silk in or upon his or her hat, bonnet, or girdle, scabbard,
hose, shoes, or spur-leather, shall be imprisoned during three
months, and forfeit ten pounds," magistrates of corporations
and all who ranked above them being excepted from the
operation of the statute. But the failure of the first effort
made the King turn his attention to Virginia as a more suit-
able field than England. In 1718, when every scheme on
which joint-stock subscriptions could be raised was made the
most of, one for the cultivation of silk was put forth, A com-
pany leased Chelsea Park for 122 years, and planted 2,000
mulberry-trees. Nothing came of it. Seven years later a
scheme which promised to be more remunerative was set on
foot for the cultivation of silk in the south of Ireland. The
climate of County Cork, it was thought, would suit both the
plant and the worm, and the cheapness of labour would put
the cultivators on terms of equality with competitors in the
south of France. The undertaking was supported by many
who hoped to improve the condition of a peasantry even then
understood to be very badly off. Eighty acres were selected
near Mitchellstown, and 100,000 white mulberry- trees were
planted. They grew admirably, and nothing at first seemed
wanting to the success of the experiment. But it was soon found
that if labour was cheap and the climate suitable, the incurable
awkwardness of the Irish labourers unfitted them, for the task
of rearing the worms and reeling the silk. The company had
to transfer its capital and appliances to Malta, where there
was some hereditary taste for the work among the peorest
classes.

If the silkworm cannot be cultivated in England, it has
been proved that at least in some of the colonies the conditions
are favourable to its growth. Colonial governments have not
been blind to the fact. To encourage the industry the Go-
vernment of New Zealand offered a percentage on all cocoons
prepared for export, but as yet the offer has been attended by
no results. Victoria, in its vine districts, have already begun
to cultivate the silkworm, and its cocoons are favourably
known. Ihat there is room for competition may be judged
from the value of the sUk imports into England for any recent
year. Taking 1877 as, on the whole, a fair average year, it
appears that there were imports in " knubs " and waste to
the amount of £327,256; of thrown silk, £108,508; of raw-
silk, £4,452,045 ; while silks in various stages of manufacture
were valued at £12,631,822. In some seasons these imports
are of higher value by several millions. In its raw state, the
silk is divided at present among 706 factories, having 812,533
spindles, 12,546 power-looms, employing 40,985 workers.

i"HE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE AMEEICAN AND EUROPEAK SEWING
MACHINE TEADES.

A glance at the sewing machine trade in Europe and
America, says the Seiving Machine News, affords as striking a
contrast as has ever been witnessed in commercial history. In
Europe, now, as for several years past, the trade appears to be
at a very low ebb. Bankruptcy, both of manufacturers and
dealers, has prevailed to a great extent, numerous and bad
failures having taken place both in Dnglaud and Germany.
In France, to be sure, the trade is in a more healthy condition,
although it shows but a languid vitaKty and sluggish enter-
prise. It is a matter of surprise to many who are admirers of
these .three great commercial nations, which have played so
great a part in the industrial progress of the world, that they
should have permitted one of the leading industries to drift into
such a backward condition, especially when the opportunities
for doing an active, pushing, and paying trade in sewing
machines would seem to be unusually favourable. The
facilities for manufacturing and selling ought to be, if any-
thing, geeater and better than they are in this country ; labour
both rough and skilled being much cheaper and more abundant
than hei'e : material, except the woodwork, perhaps, can be
procured at much lower prices; the cost of factories, or rental
of them, and the hire of stores, look merely nominal in com-
parison with what is paid for the same in the United States ;
interest is lower, although ready money, indeed, is not quite so
easy ; every description of expense the business entails rides
much lower than here; the countries are thickly populated,
and the trade of the furthermost spots can easily be reached in
a day's ride, obviating the high rates of freightage which
prevail in this land of magnificent distances ; the upper and
middle classes are rich, while a good average of the working
classes have steady work at fair "wages. Yet, in spite of all
these highly favourable conditions, the sewing machine trade
of these three chief ni.tions of Europe, in the relative bulk of
business done, and the proportionate amount of profits derived
from it, falls immeasurably below that of the United States,
where the advantages are not so great, and the business is
necessarily run at a much higher pressure.

Of course, there must be a reason for this ; and we think
that the true one can easily be divined. The European manu-
facturers never took hold right, and have never gained the
confidence of their people. Throughout, theirs has been a
policy of imitation, servile imitation of American machines,
and in pursuance of this mistaken course they have copied the
good and the bad, in their lack of experience and knowledge
being unable to tell the latter from the former ; so that, as a
consequence, we find to-day in vogue upon many European
machines, devices which have been abandoned and become
obsolete in the United States. Instead of aiming at all pos-
sible improvement and finish in the essential, work-performing
parts and devices, the European manufacturers have exhausted
their inventive faculties in devising new shapes and patterns in
the castings and woodwork of machines, and have vied with
each other in covering their products with gaudy ornamenta-
tion, wherewith to catch the eye of the uninitiated public.
They appear to have been satisfied with a machine that would
make a seam somehow or other, which would be all their
customers would possibly require. But the unsophisticated
public soon discovered, as it always does, sooner or later, what
was best for its own interest. The plainer looking and less
pretentious machines of American make were speedily dis-
covered to be in point of accurate adjustment, finish of
mechanism, smoothness of running, rapidity, perfection of
stitch, and in every essential quality immeasurably superior to
their showy European cousins. Upon the well-established
principle of the survival of the fittest, the Americans soon
became universal favourites, and the Europeans were relegated
to a back seat, where they have remained ever since, and from
all present indications, are likely to stay.

The sewing machine trade of Europe does not lack men of
ability. The gentlemen who are at the head of the manufac-
facturing firms, and many of the large dealers, are men of
education, culture, and sound sense, and the reason why they
do not succeed better is, in a word, simply because they do not
understand the nature of the business they are engaged in.
They are occupied in the manufacture and sale of an article

which has been shown to be capable of a very high degree of
mechanical excellence. This excellence they have never striven
to attain. They have confined their energies to the commer-
cial department, to the neglect of the mechanical, which with
them has always been a matter of secondary importance. A
very grave mistake. In the factories of this country all
energies are bent primarily in the direction of mechanical
superiority and improvement. The experts who build, devise,
and invent are mechanics of high ability and special experience
in this class of machinery ; they are paid large salaries, and
to their fiat the officers of the companies, from president
down, bow in deference. In Europe men of inferior ability,
without the necessary experience in most cases, are employed
to build machines, producing, in the general run, what can at
best be termed clumsy imitations. Imitation of a very high
order of merit has met with no great success here in competi-
tion— how can poor imitations be expected to succeed elsewhere
in competition ?

Until the European manufacturer of sewing machines makes
perfection of mechanism the point of his ambition, and leaving
the rut of the copyist, aims at originality ; until he learns to
study closely the wants of the people, and strains every nerve
to meet those wants, instead of trying to persuade the public
to buy his wares merely on his own declarations of their
merits ; until he invents and improves so as to command
patronage, just so long must he play second fiddle to the
American, and be content to follow humbly in his wake.

THE UNION BAG MACHINE.
The Union Bag Company, manufacturers of the Union Bag
Machine, 86 and 88, Market-street, Chicago, are having a
demand for all the machines they can turn out, and are shipping
them to all parts of the world. In their circular to the trade
they state: — " The double chain stitch, which has long been
conceded to be the only satisfactory stitch for bag work, has
heretofore been made with a hook in other machines. A hook
is a bungling, uncertain, and complicated device, which is
always getting out of order. The one great nuisance in bag
machines making the most desirable stitch has been the hook.
This stitch is made in our machines by the use of a straight
needle, which is simple, durable, and sure, and does away
with much of the trouble in threading. The stitch regulator
being upon the top of the bed, any length stitch can be obtained,
while the machine is running. The thread for both upper and
lower needles can be used direct from either spool or ball. The
feed is positive and noiseless, and has great range and capacity,
being adjustable to make stitches of one-sixteenth to one-half
an inch in length. Its working parts are tempered steel or
case-hardened iron, and so constructed that ' lost motion ' in all
the wearing parts, can be effectively taken up ; every motion
is positive, none produced by springs." Cook and McNally,
12, Fourth-avenue, Chicago, say they have been using the
Union Bag Machines for the past seven months, with entire
satisfaction, and without any expense for repairs, and they can
easily make with them twice as many bags as they ever could
with other machines. One of their operators regularly makes
his 1,500 bags per day, rtmning the machine by foot power
only. Many such instances as the above could be cited from
this and other cities where these machines have gone into use.

STAECH GLOSS.
The Faerher Muster Zeitimg gives the following recipe for

starch gloss, which it says will give satisfaction : —

Spermaceti 1 part.

Gum Senegal . . . . . . . . . . 1 ,,

Borax .. .. .. .. .. ..1 ,,

Glycerine 2J parts.

Water 24J- „

Two or three teaspoonfuls to be added to one-quarter pound of

boiled starch.

The entire sales of the Howe Machine Co., in the United States
and Canada, for the year 1880, footed up to the amount of 40,143
machines.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE (JAZETTE AND JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CHIMONNIEE, INVENTOR OF THE SEWING
MACHINE.
In the current number of La Machine a Condre, " A Vete-
ran" writes from Paris: — " Some time ago you dedicated an
article to the memory of EUas Howe. Will you now permit
me to speak some words about our countryman Chimonnier ?
Elias Howe, you remembered, died at the pinnacle of glory.
Chimonnier died in poverty, almost unknown. Thirty years
of struggle, of labour, of misery, had exhausted him. He
died miserably. And yet he is the man, and he alone, who
can claim the honour of having constructed the first sewing
machine, sewing in a practicable manner (Brevet of 17 April
1830) and instead of being, at his death-bed, in the possession
of the cross of the ' Legion d'honneur,' that he had really de-
served, he left this world as a martyr of his discovery, leaving
his family in the utmost indigence.

Elias Howe was a mechanician. Chimonnier understood
nothing of the first elements of mechanics ; he spends four
years in working very little in his workshop, that gives bread
to his family, and very much in an isolated pavilion, without
anyone knowing what he is about. He neglects his business,
loses his credit, ruins himself, is even treated as a madman,
but he never minded it ; in 1829 he has at length embodied his
idea, he has invented a new instrument, the sewing
machine.

Chimonnier did not only suffer under the disdain his new
invention met with, he saw not only his life menaced, escaping
only by flight from the hands of the workmen of the house
Germam, Petit et Co. (11 July 1831) but even the press de-
clared itself against him. Tour readers may follow here some
passages from the Journal de Villefranche, No. 213 of the 14
September 1845. Letter of a subscriber.

"Ton publish, in the most flattering terms, the invention of
a sewing machine, due to the sagacious meditations of Mr.
Chimonnier, tailor at Amplepuis. You are quite right in
saying that this machine is destined to produce a revolution in
the sewing industry, and it is justly this revolution which I
consider as the source of the most fatal consequences, etc. ..."
follows a picture of the deplorable destiny of women, if the
sewing machine were to become of general use, the writer of
the letter concludes thus : — " In every respect, even in matters
of progress, the good, when it is counterbalanced by a greater
evil, must be shun as a public calamity. If, on one hand, the
sewing machine is to introduce some ameliorations, it needs
produce on the other fatal results. I therefore cannot agree
with the praises, which you bestow on the inventor, still less
am I inclined to wish for its propagation, unless the numerous
and interested class of the seamstresses be gifted with another
industry." The editor added a note to this letter, in which he
excuses himself for having given to understand, that he con-
sidered the machine a benefit; he ends by siying, "In an-
nouncing the invention of the sewing machine, we could fore-
see that it would produce a revolution in this industry, but in
evincing this supposition, we abstained from examining what
would be the other consequences to result from this invention.
We wished but to render homage to the merits of the
inventor."

If Chimonnier, who was no mechanician, did nevertheless
construct the first machine, he was no less eloquent in refuting
the attacks of his opponents in a letter, in which he gives proofs
of a very positive and logical spirit. I regret its being too
long to be inserted here ; I will nevertheless reproduce the
conclusion, where he says, after having quoted the example of
the weaver's loom and the spinner's wheel, the ground basis of
the prosperity of the principal cities on the Ehone, "The
workman who opposes himself against the machine is like a
child that revolts against and iUuses his nurse.

What is my sewing machine, compared to all those sublime
inventions, that it should deserve such attacks ? What is its
destiny ? I am unaware. But if it were permitted to me to
expect from it for the confection of dress and linen-cloth of
each person a yearly benefit of one franc, I would have saved
my country a yearly labour of thirty-three million francs,
which, added to the benefits of other industries, would con-
siderably augment the national wealth without calculating the
profits derived from the exportation. And every unfortunate
individual would gain yearly the produce of one day's labour.

Such a result, the most flattering reward which I can wish for,
would amply console me for the attacks, respectable in their
meaning but erroneous, directed against my invention."

I win conclude by refuting an error spread amongst the
public, that the machine constructed by Chimonxder was of
wood. I had the honoiu-, some time ago, to pay a visit to Mr.
E. Chimonnier, the son of the inventor, who, with great affa-
bility and perfect good grace, showed me one of the first
essays of his father's invention. He made me observe that
ii'on, steel and copper entered in its construction. He put in-
to operation a machine sold by his father to a tailor in 1840,
and re-bought by him in 1872. This machine, after thirty-two
years of seiwice, acted stdl very well. It makes a stitch at
every turn of the pedal (about 200 a minute.) The needle is
with crotchet point, the tbread-bobin is underneath, an iron
filament brings the thread against the crotchet, which in rising
brings the thread in the stuff, where it forms a curl ; the
crotchet re-descending, traverses the curl, so that the chain is
formed thereon. The enchaining is very regular and the
length of the stitch is. regulated by a screw."

NOVEL ADVERTISING.

A tradesman of Manchester, England — who deals in pretty
nearly everything from the proverbial "needle to an anchor,"
not excepting dry goods, cigars and quack medicines — has hit
on a novel and amusing method of securing the engrossed at-
tention of the public and obtaining a vast deal of personal
notoriety. He has standing in his capacious show window
twelve boys — not dummies, but live lads — -uniformed in smock
frocks, some holding in their hands jewellery, some cigars, some
umbrellas, some pointing to suits of clothes, and so forth.
They go through considerable pantomimic action of a grotesque
character, and are constantly gazed at by a crowd that almost
block the sidewalk. The people who waste time in looking at
the boys' antics say that they are as mirth-provoking as a
theatrical farce. The lads enjoy the fun, are paid fair wages,
and are pleased at the observation they attract and the decided
sensation they create. Whether this tahleaux vivans style of
advertising " pays " the proprietor, report saith not ; but we
presume that it does or he would not continue it. The " show "
as we may term it, causes some trouble to the police on ac-
count of the concourse it collects ; but as the enterprising
tradesman does not infract any law or ordinance by his juve-
nile army of exhibitors of his wares, there is no remedy.

SOAP.

Within the last few years the consumption in the manufac-
ture of soap of foreign fats, for the most part the product of
hot countries, has very greatly increased, palm oil and cocoa-
nut oil being of first-class importance, while to a less extent
mafurra tallow, cotton see(J oil, peanut oil, and other such
materials have been applied to this use. Large additional
suppUes of fat have come to be regularly obtained by extraction
with carbon di-sulphide, and of late still better with light
petroleum spii'it, from the "marc" of olive pressing, from
colza, cotton, and other seed cakes, from bones, slaughter-
house refuse, cotton waste, &c., and these have in great mea-
sure fallen into the hands of the soap boiler. In some respects,
however, the most valuable of modem additions to his resources
has been the " red oil," or crude oleic acid, turned out in great
quantity in pressing the solid fatty acids, palmitic and stearic,
used in the manufacture of caudles. The facility with which
this free acid undergoes saponification, in comparison with the
corresponding glyceride, is alone siiffioient to distinguish it.
The chief feature in the supply of alkali has been the very
general introduction of ready-made caustic soda, as contrasted
with the old practice of causticising the carbonate in the soap
factory itself immediately before using it. The list of mate-
rials for adulterating soap is a long one, and, whatever may
be their claims for improving the quality of that article, they
are simply false. They add nothing to the value of soap, and
are used simply as adulterants by which money is gained by
means of false pretences. While there are honest manufac-
turers of soap, there are too many who put their swindling
products upon the market, and are allowed to reap their ill-
gotten gains.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAt OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Oct. 1. 1881.

THE

NONE SO SIMPLE,

NONE SO DURABLE,

NONE SO RELIABLE.

Ssamine it Before Purchasing any other.
RENNIGK, KEMSLEY & CO., ,

4 XINSBTTBY CIRCUS, liONDON,
Molbourne and Sydney.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUFACTUEBE OP

ByEoya:UU.-sP..n, BICYCLE MATERIALS

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation,

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OF WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OF ALL KINDS.

C. D. Vesey, Esq., wlio won the late Tricycle Championship, used one
of WOOLLBY'S PATENT SADDLES. He says : " I was highly
delighted with it ; never once during the 50 miles ride did I feel ths
slightest of the rough roads."

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OP

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and.
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Peramhnlators with Bicycle Wheels.

I^argest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand
Machines.

8M1THF0RD STREET, COVENTRY.

AND

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THERE has been little in the past month to disturb the
tranquillity of the,Sewiag Machine and Domestic Labour-
Saving Machinery Trades. When using the word " tran-
quiUityl" we do not mean to imply that these trades are in a quiet,
dull condition— for at the present time they are more active
than they have been for many years— but rather that they are
free at the present time from the disturbing influences of large
failures, law suits, and such occurences that have been only too
unwelcome visitors of late years. Those firms in the sewing
machine trade who make it their business to manufacture
machines especially suited to the boot manufacturer, exhi-
bited at the Leather Trades' Exhibition, lately held at
the Agricultural Hall, where, we hear, many secured good
orders. The Howe Sewing Machine Company, the Wheeler

Oct. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

and Wilson Company, Messrs. O. Robinson and Co., and
Messrs. Pearson and Co., have exhibited their manufactures,
which have been well patronised by the shoe trade. In bicycles
we are pleased to note that the trade still continues good, many
large export orders having come to hand. Domestic labour-
saving machinery of all kinds is experiencing a steady
demand, and shows every sign of becoming an increasingly
profitable trade.

Messrs. Davis and Co., sewing machine manufacturers, were
entertained at dinner by their employes at the Manchester
Hotel, Aldersgate-street, a few days ago. Mr. S. Davis
occupied the chair, and Mr. Eiper, one of the managers of the
firm, was vice-chairman. After the usual loyal toasts, the
vice-chairman proposed the toast of the evening, viz., "The
Health of the Firm." Mr. S. Davis, in responding, pointed
out the extraordinary increase and extension in their business
since they commenced twenty years ago. Then they thought
it a large order to purchase a few tons of iron and a few logs
of wood ; but now they thought very little of purchasing a
thousand tons of iron, and only the day before had brought
up two ship's cargoes of wood, and they now employed 200
workmen. Mr. Davis also pointed out the rapid increase of
the perambulator business in the short space of two years, and
highly complimented the manager of that department on his
skill and energy. A very enjoyable evening was spent, and it
must be a matter of congratulation to Messrs. Davis to feel
that thsy are on suoh good terms with their workmen.

The American companies signified, on the 26th ult., their
regard and respect to the memory of the late President by
appropriately draping their show rooms with black, putting
crape on flags, and other mourning signs. The premises of
the Singer Company, and of Messrs. Willcox and Gibbs, in
Cheapaide, were shrouded with an "inkj cloak."

THE BRADBUET SEWING MACHINES AT THE
ADELAIDE EXHIBITION.

Messrs. Bradbury and Co. (Limited) have received a special
award at the Adelaide Exhibition for the best general collec-
tion of sewing machines, and also a special award for high
speed manufacturing machine for light work. The following
is the jurors report in extenso : —

The jurors having met at the exhibition building on Tuesday,
the 16th Aug., commenced proceedings by discussing the basis
upon which all machines were to be judged, which was as follows :
— Each machine was to be taken to pieces by the operator, and
the working parts cleaned free from all oil, and afterwards
examined by the judges separately as to the quality of the material
used in its conetruction, the total number of working parts, how
many parts were hardened to resist wear, and the defective points,
if any, in the metal used in construction. Unfortunately for the
Bradbury Company, their operator selected a semi-manufacturing
machine, instead of a family one, for the test, although we are
unanimously agreed that they had much better machines on
exhibit, and we are also agreed that the " Domestic " is a useful
machine, but has too many soft parts in its construction. After
this constructive examination was over the machine was again put
together, and tested tor light and heavy running, with and without
oil in its workingpartB,and afterwards the various tests went to show
the general capability of the machine for domestic use by stitching
from one to sixteen plies of calico with different numbers of thread
at quick and slow running ; by sewing black cloth, one, two, four,
and eight ply under the same conditions; and by sewing a piece of
leather about 3-16th inch thick, with fine, medium, and long
stitches, the machine running with quick and slow motion. All
the needles used were accurately gauged, and every operator

tr^ted exactly alike in their tests, after which Mr. Lockhart (who
has only lately arrived in the colony from the Howe Company,
Glasgow, where he had many years' practical experience in testing
machines before being sent out of the factory) took them in h,aud,
and tested all the machines under similar conditions of running.
Without entering iato all the details of the tests, which can only
interest practical persons, we are agreed as follows : — " Sewing
machines for all kinds of domestic use, the Davis 1st, the Standard
2nd. High speed manufacturing machine for light work, special
award to Bradbury and Co. Elastic and repairing machine, special
award to Bradbury and Co. Wellington kilting machine, special
award to Bradbury and Co. The jurors think that Bradbury and
Co. deserve a special award for the best general collection of
sewing machines. — Signed H. J. Scott, Robert K. Threlfall,
E. Lockhart, Thomas Francis."

THE LIGHT RUNNING STANDARD.
We have received from Messrs. Rennick, Kemsley, and Co.,
of 4, Finsbury- circus, their circular to the trade for the coming
season, drawing special attention to their Light Running
Standard Machine. We have described the machine in a former
number, and our judgment as to the large weekly sales of the
machine has been verified, for we learn that the demand for
them has more than equalled the supply, and as a general
favourite, giving little trouble to the agents, it is growing in
favou r everywhere. The Light Running Standard Treadle
Machines are now being turned out of the factory at the rate of
300 per day, which just about keeps pace with the orders ; it
is intended, however, to increase the output. A thoroughly
good independent machine which has sufficient merit in itself
to command attention. In order to show that they have such
an article in the Light Eunning Standard, Messrs. Eennick,
Kemsley, and Co. have asked a few of their agents, who are
well known to have a good judgment in these matters, to give
their opinion upon it, and then append their replies to the
circular above mentioned. These flattering testimonials are
not given by retail buyers who have never seen more than one
machine, but by men who have been for many years in the trade,
and who have either sold or repaired every kind of machine
that has been put upon the market, and from some of the best
and well known men in the sewing machine trade, from all
parts of England, Wales, and Scotland. Messrs. Rennick,
Kemsley, and Co. have our congratulations and best wishes for
the large trade they do, and wUl do, in the Light Eunning
Standard.

NEW ZEALAND NEWS.

A correspondent of the Sewing Machine Journal, dating
Auckland, N. Z., July IS, 1881, says: — Since last writing yon,
business has been very dull, with but limited sales except on
the deferred payment system, which, by the bye, is not at all
adapted for these colonies, from the population being so
unstable. As a rule people out here remove from house to
house, town to town, or from one colony to another, on work
becoming slack or wages higher elsewhere.

I understand Singer's people are landing about 1 ,000 machines
per month for all New Zealand. They may get rid of them,
but I expect they will accumulate ; for the entire population
by the last census is only 489,702, of which males 269,452,
females 220,250.

The Davis is settling down after the excitement, but whether
it will command a permanent footing remains to be seen. They
seem to have crowded as much work as possible into the face
plate, where space is limited, and left the underside of the
machine almost bare, the motive for which is difficult to see.
One cannot but admire the way they put it into the market,
but, as a practical man, I see few good points to warrant the
noise they make over it. As I hinted in my last, I believe the
really good accessories have much to do with it.

The demand for manufacturing machines is very limited.
We have two Blake sole-sewing machines ; one large Thomas
for trace sewing ; a factory with power and Singer machines
on shirt making, running 1,600 stitches per minute ; a Singer
straight sack machine on tarpaulins, with power, at the
Government works ; two shirt factories using Singer's and W.
and Wilson's foot machines, and numerous boot factories using

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND . JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881.

Howe's and Jones', the latter of which seems to be preferred,
as better finished. All these machines are run, as a rule, until
they will run no longer ; and consequently several repairing
shops are kept in constant work. This I hold to be false
economy, as repairs come very heavy; and in some cases as
much is spent in a year in this way as would buy another
machine.

A GERMAN SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTOET.

One of the large establishments for the manufacture of
sewing machines in Europe is that of Messrs. Carl Schmidt
and Hengstenberg, of Bielefeld, and for whom Mr. W. Bens-
cher, of 44, Fore-street, London, is the agent for England.
They were established in 1868, and the average output of the
concern is some 5,000 machines annxially.

The most important machine made by this firm is a Circular
Elastic Machine for shoemakers, which has received first prizes
at exhibitions in London, Paris, Vienna, and Prague.

The Circular Elastic Machine is beautifully made and
finished ; the shuttle is constructed on the self-acting principle,
the tension being regulated by means of a small screw. The
machine has an arm 38 centimetres in length. The machine is
made in two sizes, one for ladies' and children's work and the
other for men's, the arm of the first named being much smaller
round. It is very simple in its construction, has evenly
balanced working parts, and combines elegance with strength.

The Column Machine is admirably adapted for leather work,
especially for harness making and all saddlery purposes, and
no better machine could be selected by the portmanteau and
leather bag manufacturers, being very powerful, light running,
and specially constructed for the purpose.

Messrs. Schmidt and Hengstenberg are also manufacturers
of the Saxonia, a well-known and favourite hand lockstitch
machine, and also of other imitations of the Singer Machine,
both hand and treadle, in " family " and " medium " sizes."

The sample machines we have seen, shown to us by Mr.
Benscher, are all beautifully finished and work with ease and
speed.

TO MAKE HARD WATER SOFT.

Soap contains fatty acids, which form insoluble compounds
with the lime and magnesia in hard waters, and no lather will
be produced till all the lime and magnesia dissolved in the
water have been precipitated in this way. And this occasions
a waste of soap. Now, what is caUed the temporary hardness
in water may be removed by boiling it. The expulsion of dis-
solved carbonic acid gas by that means leads to the removal of
the calcic carbonate from solution iu the water, and the hard-
ness due to that cause is then removed. But the water may
contain sulphate of lime in solution, which will not be removed
by boiling the water. On the contrary, unless the water had
been previously saturated with the salt, the evolution of steam
in boiling would rather tend to concentrate its solution, and
thus the permanent hardness due to tljis cause would remain.

The problem is essentially this : How may dissolved calcic
(and magnesic) carbonate be best removed from solution in
water? — i.e., how may these salts be converted into suspended
and insoluble matter with the smallest possible expenditure of
time and money? We have seen that the method of boiling
the water, though effectual, is objectionable on the score of
expense, liability to accidents, &c. Now, in Clark's process,
which is preferablv, the suspended insoluble calcic carbonate
produced has to be removed by subsidence. There are two
methods by which suspended matter is removed from water in
nature, subsidence and filtration, and these processes are also
adopted by man for the same purpose. Now, it is claimed for
the method of purification by filtration that organic matters
are oxydised by the substances employed, e.g., charcoal, which
has the property of retaining oxygen gas in its pores. But
the process of Clark also undoubtedly removes dissolved
organic matters from waters, the lime which is added acting
as a mordant, and producing their precipitation. Clark's
process is as follows : By adding quicklime or slaked lime to a
carbonated calcareous water, the carbonic acid gas, which is
holding the carbonate of lime in solution, is first removed by
combination with the added lime, and the carbonate of lime

thus produced faUs, together with that previously in solution,
as a solid insoluble precipitate. The turbid water is left to
clear by subsidence, and is afterwards drawn off freed from
temporary hardness.

METHODS FOB WATERPROOFING CLOTHS.

Without considering the processes by which cloth is water-
proofed with such substances as indiarubber, oils, wax and
varnishes, there are several processes in practical use by which
cloth is rendered non-absorbent of water — and for all practical
purposes waterproof — without materially affecting its colour
or appearance, greatly increasing its weight, or rendering it
entirely airproof. These processes depend mainly" upon the
reaction between two or more substances, in consequence of
which a substance insoluble in water is deposited in the fibres
of the cloth. The following are several of these processes : —
Lowry's process : soap, 2 ounces ; glue, 4 ounces ; water
1 gallon. Soften the glue in cold water and dissolve it,
together with the soap, in the water by aid of heat and agita-
tion. The cloth is filled with this solution by boiling it in the
liquid for several hours, the time required depending upon the
kind of fibre and thickness of the cloth. When properly
saturated the excess of liquid is wrung out and the cloth
exposed to the air until nearly dry; then digested for from
five to twelve hours in the following solution : Alum 12 ounces ;
salt, 15 ounces; water, 1 gallon. It is finally wrung out,
rinsed in clean water, and dried at a temperature of about 80
degrees Fahr. Pant's process requires a small quantity of oU,
but in other respects resembles the last. It is given as follows :
Sodium carbonate (commercial), 1 pound ; caustic lime,
5 pound ; water, 2^- pints. Boil together, let it stand to settle,
then draw off the clear lye, and add to it — Tallow, 1 pound ;
resin, h pound ; previously melted together. Boil and stir
occasionally for half an hour, then introduce — Glue (previously
softened), 3 ounces ; linseed oil, 3 ounces ; and continue the
boiling and stirring for another half hour. In waterproofing
one-half ounce of this soap is mixed with a gallon of hot
water, and in this the goods are soaked for about twenty-four
hours, according to thickness and character. The pieces are
then allowed to drain until partly dried, then soakad for six
ounces or more in a solution prepax'ed as follows : Aluminum
sulphate, 1 pound; lead acetate, -J pound; water, 8 gallons.
Shake together, allow to settle, and draw off the clear liquid —
wring out after rinsing, and dry at a temperature of 80 degrees
Fahr. Bienvaux uses, instead of glue and oil as above, the
gelatinous portion of sea-wrack grass 'with a small quantity of
a drying oil and common resin-soda soap. In Reimann's
process the cloth is passed slowly by machinery through a
tank divided into three compartments, the first containing a
warm solution of alum, the second a wasm solution of lead
acetate, and the third pure water, which is constantly renewed.
The cloth on passing from the latter is brushed and beaten to
remove the salt adhering to the .surface, and finally hot-pressed
and brushed. In this case lead sulphate is deposited in the
fibres. In Townsend's process two solutions are used as
follows: British gum, 20 pounds ; soap, white, 10 pounds;
water, 16 gallons. The solution is boiled for some minutes,
and if colour is required one pint of logwood liquor is added.
The second solution consists of a saturated solution of alum in
water, or — Zinc sulphate, 6 pounds ; water, 9 gallons. Bullard's
process is somewhat similar to Riemann's. In this strong
aqueous solutions of sulphate of aluminum and lead acetate
are used alternately.

ACCESSORIES IN LAUNDRYING.
For softening water to be used in washing, it has been
shown by experiments made upon the large scale that
magnesia hard water, containing magnesium carbonate dis-
solved by excess of carbonic acid, may be purified by means
of calcium hydrate as completely and easily as water which
owes its hardness to calcium carbonate. Clear lime-water
proves much more satisfactory in producing precipitation than
milk of lime, and from three to five hours suffices for the
settling of the jsrecipitate, leaving the water clear. Among
alkaline materials adapted to increase the cleansing power of

Oct. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

water, either with or without soap, the most useful which have
been brought forward are borax and sodium silicate (soluble
glass). Boras soap is manufactured with which the salt is
already incorporated. Soluble glass has been employed to
some extent in the industrial preparation of new textile
fabrics. The addition of gum to the starch jelly used in
giving stiffness to washed clothing has long been practised
with a view to improving the gloss of the surface, especially
in order to render the appearance of new clothing attractive.
There is some reason to believe that dextrine is substituted for
natural gum, although such substitution does not seem to have
been publicly noticed. If this be not practised, it would be
well that the efficacy of dextrine for this purpose should be
tried.

THE WILSON ADJUSTABLE CHAIR.
This exceedingly usafnl article of domestic comfort, of
American introduction, has been awarded many prizes and
medals at recent exhibitions, and only wants being better
known to sell in large numbers. It is now manufactured under
licence from the American patentee by Mr. HoUings, of Kirby-
street, Hatton-garden, E.G. The illustration represents it as
a library chair, and combining, as it does, elegance and light-
ness, with strength, simplicity, and comfort. It is made of
wrought iron and hoop iron, with strong rivets and large
castors ; of course it may be upholstered in any style to suit
the purchaser. It may be readily adjusted to some fifty
changes of position, the directions here given will give an idea
of some of the more useful. Drawing-room Chair. — The back
can be reclined to any angle ; shift the brace at A and the
front will be raised. Easy Chair. — In liitiug the front part
out of the seat put ratchet on the rod connecting the arms, by
doing this the back and front will move together, which is one
of the main features of the chair. Library Chair. — Bring the
pillow to the front, lock the chair on the '2nd notch on braces
A and D, and turn the handle until the proper position is

attained. This is a comfortable position. Invalid's Chair. —
Recline the chair a little more at handle, with the pillow thrown
over the back. Easy Reading Chair. — Raise the ratchet at C,
and unlock the foot-board from brace at D. American
Favourite. — " Heels higher than head ;" milock the chair from
the brace at A, and it will swing or rest on the rod at the
back, and cannot tip over. This position shows the principle
of the chair. Couch. — First recline the back, then lower the
ratchet at C to the required position. Lounge. — Lower the
ratchet to second or third notch, and recline the back to the
desired position. Bed. — Sis feet long, two feet wide. Drop
the standards at the back to form a support, and recline the
back to the level. Child's Swing Cot. — Lock the foot-boarj
on brace D, raise the back to position 2, raise the ratchet to
make the front level, unlock the brace at A, and it will swing.
Invalid's Hand Propelling Chair. — For out or indoors, has all
the positions of the Adjustable Chair, while the invalid can
propel himself. Folded for Shipment. — Weight of ii-on, about
sixty pounds; with upholstery, about eighty-five pounds.
Packed in case about two feet square.

PxiIZE AWARDS AT THE SANITARY EXHIBITION.

Among the firms to whom prizes have been awarded at the
Sanitary Exhibition are the following :^

Domestic akd Hospitai, Akchitectuee.
planning, consterction, decorative materials.

Judges.— Sir Joseph Fayrer, K.C.S.I., M.D., F.R.S. ; George
Aitchison, A.R.A. ; Fred J. Mouat,'M.D., F.R.C.S. ; Edward
C. Robins, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. ; P. Gordon Smith, F.R.I.B.A. ;
Professor Thomas Roger Smith, F.R.I.B.A. ; Henry Saxon
Snell, F.R.I.B.A. ; Alfred Waterhouse, A.R.A.

First Class. — Robert Adams, reversible windows and adjust-
able door springs; Henry Doulton and Co., art stoneware;
Charles Drake and Go., marble concrete ; Howard and Sons,
parquet flooring ; Ihlee and Horn, Balmain's luminous paint ;
RusseU and Erwin Manufacturing Company, locks and lock
furniture ; Wilcook and Co., architectural glazed ware.

Award of Merit. — Albissima Paint Company, white paint ;
Bryden and Sons, bell-hanging apparatus ; Hobbs, Hart, and
Co., locks and safes ; Silicate Paint Company, washable dis-
temper ; Smith and Turner, door springs, &c. ; A. Smith and
Stevens, casement bolts, spring hinges, door knobs, and locks ;
James Stiff and Sons, art stoneware vases, &c. ; W. Touks
and Sons, sash and fan-light fasteners and openers, and other
door furniture; Fredk. Walton and Co., wall decorations
(Lincrusta-Walton) ; W. Woollams and Co., non-arsenical wall
and ceiling papers.

Ventilating, Lighting, and Warming.

Judges.— H. H. Collins, F.R.I.B.A. ; Capt. Douglas Gallon,
C.B., F.R.S. ; George Godwin, F.R.S., F.S.A. ; Ernest Hart,
M.R.'C.S. ; Professor Kerr, F.R.I.B.A.; J. P. Seddon,
F.R.I.B.A.

First Class. — Benham and Sons, general excellence ; Robert
Boyle and Son, general excellence ; Ghorlton and Dugdale,
"The Sunlight" stove; T, J. Constantine, cooking range ;
Crossley Bros., "The Otto Silent Gas Engine;" Frederick
Dyer, hot water apnaratus ; R. Reuton Gibbs, general excel-
lence; Robert H.'GrifBn, improved regi^ster stove; W. W.
Hopkinson, "Libra lamp and valve;" S. Leoni and Co.,
general excellence; Longden and Co., "The Leeds stove;"
Mnso-rave and Co., general excellence; T. Potter and Sons,
" The Thermhydi-ic" grate; G. E. Pritcbett,_F.S.A., architect,
heating and ventilatrng apparatus : Radiator Range Co.,
" Radiator cooking range ;" Rosser and Russell, general
excellence ; C. R. Stevens, hot water apparatus ; Strode and
Co o-eneral excellence; Verity Bros., " Air Propellor," and
for 'general excellence ; T. Waller and Co., general excellence ;
J. Weeks and Co., general excellence ; Wilson Engineering Co.,
cooking ranges. ,

Award of Merit.— Robert Adams, ventilating window ap-
paratus- J. L. Bacon and Co., general excellence ; P. Hinckes
Bird, F.R.C.S.', ventilators; Frank W. Clark, gas machine;
Coniyn, Ching and Co., general excellence ; Joseph Constan-
tine, warming apparatus; John Drysdale, M.D., and J- W.
Haywa>-d, system of ventilation ; Fredk. Edwards and Son,
feneral excellence ; J. E. Ellison, conical ventilators ; Faraday
and Son, gas appUances ; J. F. Farwig, calorigen ; Gilmoro
and Clarke, ventilators ; Wm. Hellier, water-heaters ; Harry.
Himt " crown jewel " stove ; C. Kite and Co., chimney top;
Charles Portway and Son, "tortoise" stove; Mrs. Priestley,
window ventilator ; Ritchie and Co., "lux calor" apparatus ; .
Sanitary Engineering and VentUating Co., general excellence;
Steel and Garland, general excellence; Steveu Bros, and Co.,
general excellence ; Thames Bank Iron Co., general excellence ;
Wm. Tonks and Son, Curral's ventilators. The architrave
ventilator.

School Fubniture, Window Blinds, &c.

jnjcres —Mrs. Garrett Anderson, M.D., J. C. Buckmaster,
E North Buxton (Chairman of the School Board for London),
Alfred Carpenter, M.D., Dr. J. H. Gladstone, P.R.S., W. A.
Meredith, M.D.

First Class.— Thomas Bradford, washing-machines ; Col-
man and Glendenning, school furniture and appliances.

Award of Merit.— Robert Adams, universal V enetian blinds ;
Brydon and Sons, window-blinds and roller actions for sun-
bUnds; Larmuth and Sidebotham, school furniture and

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF BOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881

applianc^B ; William Tonks and Son, patent bookcase fittings,
Hookliam's patent picture line and adjusting fasteners, Allen's
registered hat-holder ; Henry Tylor and Sons, appliances con-
nected with window-blinds.

THE LINEN THEEAD INDUSTRY.

EXHIBIT AT THH INSTITUTE FAIB— J. E. LBESON & CO., SHOW-
ING THE PEODUCT OF THE GRAFTON THEEAD MILLS.

One of the most notable displays in the Institute fair is that
of the Grafcon thread mills. Its prominence is gained by the
unique methods in which it fascinates the eye, by the variety
and quality of the product and in the patriotic emotions kindled
by being assured of the success of American flax- spinning.

The exhibit first attracts attention by the immense sign ex-
tending across the aisle which leads down the front of the
boot and shoe exhibit of Houghton, Coolidge & Co., under the
efficient direction of Mr. Charles H. Tilton. This holds up
three representative balls of shoe and machine thread, and calls
attention to the fact that this is the brand of thread exclusively
used in the model boot factory below, as also in the parent
shop at Ashland, which is possibly the second largest shoe
factory in the country. The use of the Grafton thread in this
public factory, and the absolute freedom that here exists for a
critical examination of boot and shoe making in all its details,
gives this thread a prominence for superiority that is not to be
questioned. Below the sign in section D, 8, close to the ex-
hibit of the celebrated American silks, is a large ebony case
filled with samples from the Grafton thread mills, and also
specimens of the great variety made at the home factory at
Johnstone, Scotland. Briefly the history of this enterprise
begins with the earliest efforts in the spinning of flax, and has
gradually developed into a national industry for Great Britain,
employing neai-ly 8000 operatives. The principals, Messrs.
Finlayson, Bousfield & Co., entered their products in the first
great international exhibition at London in 1851, and secured
the only medal given fur excellence of thread. Messrs. J. R.
Leeson & Co., entered this product in the Cincinnati exposition
of 1879-80, and on both clothing and shoe threads secured the
only medal awarded for superiority of such products. Within
a year and under the agency and advice of their American re-
presentatives, J. K. Leeson & Co., of Boston, Messrs. Finlayson,
Bousfield & Co. have bought, improved and utilized the water
and power flowing out of Lake Quinsigamond through New
England Village, near the Grafton station of the Boston and
Albany railway. From the experience in Fall River, where
about one million dollars had been sunk in the eff'ort to work
flax into a linen product, from the failure in earlier days here,
at Grafton, as well as elsewhere in the country, to manufacture
linen thread, it had been supposed that there was something in
the American climate hindering the transfer of flax info yarns.
It now transpires that it was merely the want of experience
a".d skill in manipulation, and in securing this for Massachusetts,
Messrs. J. R. Leeson & Co. have added an important branch
to the industries of America. For several m'onths past Mr.
Archibald W. Finlayson and Mr. James Finlayson, jun., have
been at Grafton giving close personal attention to every detail
in the process of making thread, and the result is that to-day
tbis mill is producing a quality that of its class is the very best
ever shown in this market. There is a great advantage in the
treatment of the flax here in the abundance and purity of the
water, which Mr. Finlayson, senior, states has no equal in any
part of Great Britain for its efficacious effect upon the flax
fibre.

In this Institute fair case is to be seen a ball of No. 60 thread
that is twenty miles long, one continuous length, without knot
or break, and that can be run through the eye of a needle from
end to end without stop, thus demonstrating not only the
quality of the flax, but the high skill employed in its manipu-
lation. Here are gUling twines, sewing and shoe threads, and
in fact every variety of linen thread, and in every characteristic
the best ever exhibited. In addition to making a handsome
show on their own behalf, Messrs. J. E. Leeson & Co. have

certainly done their full share towards rendering the Institute
fair a complete success.

THE BOSWOETH WAX-THEEAD SEWING MACHINE.

In the little glass side shop, near this thread exhibit, section
9, C, is one of the novel Bosworth wax-thread sewing machines.
One of such as have been in successful use for five months
past at the Bay State shoe factory. Sing Sing, and at Peters,
Gaboon's & Company immense harness factory, Newark. The
machine runs on boot work 300 stitches a minute, while on
trace and straight harness work it speeds to 400 stitches a
minute. The whole mechanism is on the exact principle of
hand work. The awl makes the holes. The thread is waxed
and passed in one motion, making a perfect lock stitch, which
is a very durable and very even finish. Amongst some of the
advantages of this machine are the following : —

It uses an eye-pointed needle and makes a lock stitch. It
uses a hard was thread and the thread entirely fills the hole.
The stitch is exactly the same on both sides. The tensions
both on the upper and lower threads are as completely under
control as in the "Singer" or "Howe" machines. The
thread is not frayed in the least in sewing so that the full
strength is obtained. ' The motions are so perfect and easy
that the most delicate stock can be sewed without the least in-
jury. It is equally adapted to sewing the " side-seams " and
" counters " of boots and shoes, harness and belting. It saves
25 per cent in thread over the single thread machines. It
makes a stronger stitch than the single thread machines, while
the stitch is an exact resemblance to handwork and can be
used in place of it. It sews stock from ^ inch to f inches thick
equally well.

The threads manufactured by Finlayson, Bousfield & Co.,
and shown and supplied by J. R. Leeson & Co., are in practical
and in exclusive use during the fair in Mr. Tilton's boot factory,
and by the Goodyear, the McKay, the Keats, the Bosworth,
the national wax thread machines, and by the new international
dry thread machine. This, as a practical indorsement of this
thread, is certainly very suggestive, and it is doubtful whether
stronger testimony from those best qualified to judge could
possibly be given " as to the quality of the article under
notice." — American Paptr.

MANUFACTURED FURS.

The leading feature in furs this season, as a matter of course,
is sealskin, which has not only been growing in popularity on
this side of the water, but the continent of Europe as well.
France, Germany, and Russia have become within the last
year or two quite large consumers of this particular class of
furs. It is not long since that many in the trade were of the
opinion that the day for sealskins was passing by, but instead
of that the sales have been gradually increasing and prices as
steadily advancing. The main source of supply of these skins
or furs is now Alaska, which furnishes annually about 100,000
skins. To this may be added the product of the Shetland
Isles, Cape Horn, and some other points, making probably
about 150,000 pelts in all. When we consider that this quan-
tity has to be subdivided among the nations of Europe and
America, and that it takes from three to five dressed sealskins
to make a garment, one can form some appreciable idea of the
stock to go around. In this country and Prance particularly
the demand for sealskins seems to be steadily increasing.
The very character of our climate makes this the fur par ex-
cellence for ladies' winter wraps. In fact, it is the only fur
now used for garments, such as sacques, dolmans and ulsters,
other furs taking a secondary position for trimming and lining
purposes. As nearly all kinds of ladies' costumes will be more
profusely trimmed with furs this season than formerly, the
demand for the same, it is thought will be very large, especially
for black cony and Russian hare, which are the leading articles.
The most fashionable hues of the latter are very dark. Light
shades of furs are not so much in demand except in the finer
qualities, such as beaver in the natural and dyed colours.
Chinchilla and Siberian squirrel will also be largely used as
heretofore, for lining silk and satin garments. Pur fox furs
there seems to be but a limited inquiry. A few given pelts or
furs being dyed in so many different hues or shades, and each

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIiNCES.

shade having a special or particular name of its own, that to
particularize the same would require more space than the
present article -will admit of. For muffs and collars seal and
otter seem to be the leading articles, and are made to match
each other. Boas appear to be less fashionable than formerly,
and, therefore, are offered in kss variety and quantity. Collars
and pelerines made of seal, otter, beaver, black fox, lynx, and
Eussian hare will be largely worn this winter.

EASTBOUENE SANITAET EXHIBITION.

The following awards have been made by the judges at the
Eastbourne Sanitary Exhibition : —

Ceetificates or Mkeit. — Doulton and Co., Lambeth, water-
waste preventers, baths and bath apparatus, sanitary appliances,
fine-art pottery, &c. ; D. T. Bostel, Brighton, Bostel's patent tip-
up lavatory basins, Hall's patented, ventilator, and other sanitary
appliances ; J. A. Skinner, Eastbourne, valve-closets, &e. ; F. G.
TJoderhay, London, closets, pumps, well-frames, ball valves, lava-
tories ; W. H. Lascelles, London, red concrete window, paving and
moulding slabs, and chimney-pieces ; The Silicate Paint Company,
London, paints, enamels, &c. ; Wilcock and Co., Leeds, glazed
bricks, pottery, and sanitary apparatus; Doulton and Co.,
Lambeth, terra-cotta mantelpieces, with patent fire apparatus ;
J. E. Ellison, Leeds, conical perforated ventilating bricks and air-
grates, valves, &c. ; Papyrotile Company, London, the papyrotile
decoration ; James Stiff and Sous, Lambeth, art stoneware, sewer
air-traps, and terra-cotta, &c. ; K. Boyle and Son, London and
Glasgow, self-acting air-pump ventilators ; Steven Bros, and Co ,
London, kitchen-ranges and cooking apparatus ; F. Fisher, Tun-
bridge Wells, electric bells, &c. ; Chorlton and Dugdale, Manchester,
mattresses and beds; George Jennings, Stangate, London, valve-
closets and urinals ; Charles Drake and Co. (Limited), Battersea,
concrete baths, floors, &e. ; Spence's Metal Manufacturing Com-
pany, London, Spence's metal for jointing pipes, &c. ; The Wilson
Engineering Company, London, smoke-consuming stoves and
ranges ; Uriah Clark, Hellingley, Sussex, fancy and useful terra-
cotta work, Sic. ; Edwards and Son, London, patent smoke-con-
suming slow-combustion grate ; T. Constantine, London, smoke-
consuming cooking-range, and Dick's patent fire-extinguishers ;
John Wright and Co., Birmingham and London, reflecting gas-
cookers ; Kitchie and Co., London, lighting and heating stoves ;
"Sunlight" Stove Company, Manchester, cooking-stoves, baking
and roasting apparatus ; C. B. Stevens, Lewisham, patent steam
and hot-air heaters ; Sanitary Engineering and Ventilation Com-
pany, Westminster, scientific, sanitary, and domestic cisterns,
&c. ; Bradford and Sons, Eastbourne, patent stoves and grates ;
William Sugg and Co., Westminster, lamps, burners, and orna-
mental globes, &c. ; F. W. Eeynolds, Blackfriars, portable steam-
engines and mechanical tools; E. Adams, Loudon, window-
fasteners, sashes, &c.

Honourable Mention. — Thomas Bradford and Co., London,
washing machines; Robert E. Gibbs, Liverpool, boilers and
furnaces; Gilmore and Clark, London, fire-alarms and venti-
lators, &c. ; J. Jones and Sons, Bankside, London, boiler and coil
cases ; Manchester Water-meter Company, Ardwick, water-meters,
&c. ; E. Micay, London, sanitary appliances ; S. Owen, London,
baths and fittings ; J. A. Skinner, Eastbourne, stoves, &c.
Webb's Worcester 'Tileries Company, Eainbow Hill, Worcester
wood-floor blocks.

The preparation of the design for the diploma to be awarded
by the Parkes Museum in connection with the Hygienic
Exhibition recently held at South Kensington, was entrusted
to Mr. W. Cave Thomas. The design includes a female figure,
representing Sanitary Science, standing at the prow of a boat
in the act of casting her " life buoy " (hygiene) into the seeth-
ing ocean of human ills.

Reopening of the British Museum. — In accordance with the
new rules, the British Museum was opened to the public on
Thursday morning, after closing for the first four week days in
October. During the month the galleries will be opened at ten
a.m., and close at four p.m. daily ; and the reading room will be
opened at nine a.m., and by the aid of the electric light, which is
now arranged in an improved form (Siemens' system), under the
superintendence of Mr. Barrett, will remain open every evening
during this month and succeeding winter months tUl seven p.m.

Liquidations by ARaANaEMENT.

Dunham, Henry Symes, East-street, Bridport, ironmonger,
August 27.

Ketley, Jonathan, Pershore-road, Birmingham, machine dealer.
August 24.

Lane, Thomas, trading as Thomas Lane and Sons, Brunswick-
street, Wolverhampton, I'icycle manufacturer. August 26.

Stephenson, Robert, Wellington-street, Gateshead, ironmonger.
August 25.

Tranter, Edwin Allen, Trowbridge, Wilts, bicycle manufacturer.
August 25.

Waterhouse, Samuel, Moor-row, Egremont, Cumberland, iron-
monger. August 24.

Brooke, James, New-street and Leeds-road, Huddersfield, iron-
monger. September 17.

Jones, William Robert, Llangefin, ironmonger, &o. August 30.

Smith, Alexander Harris, Scotland-road, Liverpool, ironmonger, &c.
August 29.

Taylor, Joshua, King-street, Dukenfield and Hooley-hill, machinist
and ironmonger. September 7,

Bills of Sale.
Hanson, Ann, Regent-street, Bingley, Yorks, ironmonger, and

Hanson James, 111, Main-street, Bingley, Yorks, ironmonger ;

.£200. In favour of Edward Clifton. Filed August 25.
Helliwell, Wm., Skelmanthorpe, near Huddersfield, tinner and

ironmonger; £^>2 10s., &c. In favour of Arthur H. Billington.

Filed August 21.
Raynbird, George, Arden-street, Earlsden, near Coventry, and

trading as Kelsey and Co., at 4, Wells-street, Coventry, sewing

machine manufacturer; .£65. In favour of District Advance

Co. Filed August 25.
Abrahams, William Benjamin, trading as William Abrahams, 65,

Burdett-Voad, Bow, ironmonger; i£583 5s. lOd. In favour of

Isaac Cowan. Piled Sept. 15.
Davies, William, Glan Dulyn, Rhiwbryfdir, Festinwg, Merioneth-
shire, ii'onmonger; d£37 10s. 5d. In favour of John Minshall

and another. Filed September 13.
Firth, James, Central-buildings, Sowerby Bridge, Halifax, iron-
monger ; indemnity, &c. In favour of Sally Firth, and others.

Filed September 17.
Robinson, George Potter Antoine, 99, Market Jew-street, Penzance,

Cornwall, ironmonger; ^£220. In favour of David Bishofs-

werder. Filed September 14.
Eoe, James Thorne, Rose Hill House, Rose Hill-road, Wands

worth, ironmonger; ^£150. In favour of William S. Hawgood,

Filed September 12.
Searle, WillLam, 37, Silver-street, Golden-square, sewing machine

agent; .£60. In favour of L. and W. Loan Co. Fded Sept. 13.
Smith, William Alfred, 280, Broad-street, and Alexandra-road,

Belgrave-road, Birmingham, bicycle and tricycle manufacturer ;

dfilO, &c. In favour of Ward, Jones, and Co. Filed September 13
Walker, Emma, trading as E. Walker and Son, 7, Earl's Court-
road, Kensington, ironmonger; .£66, &c. In favour of Thomas

Fail-head. Filed September 20.
Hawley, John, 1, Reaston-street, New Cross-road, ironmonger ;

iEoS, &c. In favour of Thomas Fairhead. Filed September 2.
Long, Josiah, Gresham House, Marmion-road, Southsea, Hants,

ironmonger; .£65. In favour of Thomas Nicholson. FUed

August 31.
Raines, John, Crescent-road, Dukinfield, Cheshire, machinist

^6150, &a. In favour of Thomas Tumelty. Filed September 3.
Thompson, John, 47, St. Steven's-street, Copley, Halifax, sewing

machine dealer ; d£19, &c. In favour of Gledhill Fallas. Filed

September 1.
Day, George, 7, Maude-road, Camberwell, and 2, Hinton-road,

Loughborough Junction, sewing machine and bicycle dealer;

£io lid, &c. In favour of Westminster Advance, &o. B.mk.

Filed September 6
Edwards, Thomas, Garston-terrace, Hornsey-rise, ironmonger

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Oct. 1, 1881.

&c. J .£50. &o. In favour of William E. Cohen. Piled Sep-
tember 9.

Gill, JohDj 138, Coates-street, and Lower Osborne-street, Bradford,
Torks, wringing machine maker ; ^629. In favour of Bradford
Discount Co. Piltd September 9.

Horn, Georjje, Overbury House, Overbury-street, and 157, Rush-
more-road, Clapton-park, ironmonger, &o. ; £78 2s. 6d. In
favour of Consolidated Credit, &c. Corporation. Piled Sep-
tember 9.

CoTTNTY Court Jwdsments.

Lisle, J., Holsworthy, Devon, ironmonger; ^£10 8s. Id. July 19.
Lister, Joel, 9, Suffolk-street, Sheffield, cutlery manufacturer ;

.£14 Os. Id. July 14.
Melhuish, Sydney, 8, New-road, Gravessnd, sewing machine

dealer; .£14 7s. lid. July 19.
Portsmouth, Albert, Wote-slreet, Basingstoke, Hants, ironmonger ;

£24 15s. lOd. July 19.
Portsmouth, Albert, Church-street, Basingstoke, ironmonger ;

jei8 93. lid. July 21.
Raison, H. W., 11, Rochester-row, Westminster, ironmonger ;

.£14 8s. 3d. July 28.
Wilkin, Benjamin. 41, Oston-road, Birkenhead, ironmonger :

^612 10s. lOd. July 19.
Goiigh, James, 14, Bridge-street, Burton, Staffs, ironmonger;

.£12 19s. 2d. August 11.
Harrison, Thomas, High-street, Belper, Derbyshire, ironmonger;

£11 4s. August 22.
Jordan, J. H., St. Helens, Lancashire, ironmonger; £10 lis. 2d.

August 10.
Jordan, J. H., St. Helens, Lancashire, ironmonger; ^£18 18s.

August 19.
Pluckuett, S., Cheltenham-road, Bristol, bicycle maker ; .£15 8s. 2d;

August 22.
Sanderson, W. A., 114, Victoria-street, Grimsby, ironmonger

£12 2s. Id. August 19.
Wills, R., 13, Guildtord-road, Poplar, ironmonger j ^Ell 8s. 5d.

August 16.
Noble, John Harrold, Beds, ironmonger; .£15 ICs. lid. July 27.
Powell, — , 25, North-end, Croydon, ironmonger ; .£10 12s. lid.

July 22.
Crewe, H., Ledbury, Herefordshire, ironmonger; .£17 3s. 9d.

August 2.
Triggs, W., 16 to 20, The Arcade, Landport, sewing machine

dealer; ^622 10s. August 2.
Weston, Charles Frederick, God.alming, ironmonger ; ^£13 2s. lid.

August 5.

Dissolutions of Paetneeships.

Buckley and Millington, Crown-street, Wellington, Salop, iron-
mongers. August 24. Debts by Edward Richard Millington.

Cleworth, A., and Co., Bolton, trading as James Taylor, Warring-
ton, sewing machine dealers. July 19.

Johnson and Lance, Wareham, ironmongers. August 15. Debts
by John Johnson.

Myall and Haslen, Bannister-green, Felstead, machinists. Feb. 2.
Debts by John James Haslen.

Thornton, E., and Son, Horton-lane, Bradford, ironmongers.
August 5. Debts by Ebenezer Thornton.

CURIOUS INSTANCES OP THE IMPOETANCE

ATTACHED TO COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD.

An interesting description (says The American World) was
printed the other day of a scene in tbe House of Commons,
where Mr. Gladstone was not allowed to speak, being without
his bat, and finally bad to borrow a bead covering from
another member of the Government, which, being several
sizes too small, necessitated on the part of its temporary wearer
about as careful demeanour as is demanded of an acrobat
balancing a ladder on his chin. The House, it might be re-
marked by a cynical Tory, has suffered its privileges to be
invaded on one side by the Obstructionists and on the other
by the Speaker and the Government, but it drew the line at
the hat. Hats are very important things in political as well
as in social affairs, as any one will soon find out who takes the
trouble to study the subject, and this in the present time, too.
When the President of the French Chamber of Deputies has
failed with much clanging of his bell and straining ,of his
lungs to lestore order during a particularly noisy debate, the

gesture of reaching for his hat will prove as eflfectual as that of
his brother in the English Commons' chair sending the mace
in pursuit of a committee.

It is different in the German Parliament, or, rather, it was
different on one memorable occasion 18 years ago, where,
when the President, Herr von Bochum-Dolfs, threatened Gen.
von Eoon that he would " have his hat brought," the Minister
of War answered defiantly, " I have nothing in the world to
say against your hat being brought."

Ha<^s not very many mouths ago played an important part in
overthrowing a Turkish ministry and changing the policy of the
Ottoman government at a very critical period. The Sultan's
secretaries, like all the rest of the world at Constantinople, had
been discussing among themselves the possibility of certain
changes and the probability that before long the European
powers might actively interfere in the management of public
affairs. "Who knows," said one of them, "if we shan't all
be wearing shapkas before many montlis are over?" The
European hat or " shapka" is hated by the true Turk, and is
used by him as a term of contempt to designate the ghiaour
in contradistinction to the fez of the Osmanli. Some of the
secretaries scouted the idea, others laughed at it ; one of them
made a pen-and-ink caricature of the group as they sat, each
wearing a chimney pot hat, and passed it round. There was
much laughter and thoughtless merriment, as may be supposed,
but a traitor among the lot possessed himself of the sketch
and secretly laid it before his Majesty. The next day saw the
imperial secretaries on the pav6, a proof how dangerous it is to
venture on a joke, however harmless, within the grim circle
that surrounds a throne, or, as Shakespeai-e would say, that
uneasy lies the head that wears a hat.

There has been a severe contest in Bulgaria and Eoumelia
during the last four years over the kalpak and the fez, a
contest in which the Vienna merchants became interested,
when in one year the export of fezes fell off 600,000. The
subject was discussed at length, and in a very readable fashion,
by one of the London newspapers. The fez (the writer said)
is at once a very ancient and a very modern head-dress, and
the kalpak is historically quite as much a Mahometan as a
Christian coiffure.

Osman Sultan Ghazi wore a convex-headed and not a por-
ringer-shaped skull-cap, round which a turban was swathed
while from the back fell a richly embroidered " puggree."
Mahomet the conqueror wore a small turban, almost like a
night-cap, and without any skull-cap at all. Suleiman, the
legislator, affected an enormous turban of the size and shape
of a prize pumpkin, surmounted by an ostrich plume. Gigantic
and gourd-shaped was likewise the turban of Selim II., and it
was crowned, moreover, by a kind of gilt pine-cone. A some-
what similar spheroid, but with a coronal resembling a raised
pie, was donned by the Aga of the Janissaries. The Turkish
troops in 1580 wore caps precisely similar to the shakos of
the Hungarian hussars in the last generation, the "busbies"
of horse artillery, and the "muff caps" of grenadiers; and
when regiments of dragoons were first organised in France by
Louis XIV. the uniforms of the troops were avowedly designed
from Turkish models.

Sultan Ibrahim Khan wore neither fez nor turban, but a
veritable fur kalpak — a "bonnet a poil," of which a French
grenadier of the Old Imperial Guard might have been proud,
adorned with gox-geous brOliants and emeralds. Selim III.,
whose hair rivalled that of Julian the Apostate in lengthy
luxuriance, patronised, instead of a fez, a monstrous black
"tarbouch," not unlike the brimless hat of a Greek archi-
mandrite. Round the "tarbouch" was folded a thick
" pudding," or turban, the front of which was adorned by a
superb diamond aigrette, and the whole towering edifice was
completed by a huge rigid horse-hair plume of the " shaving-
brush" pattern. The Grand Vizier of this " dressy " monarch
wore a winged cap very much like that of a modern sister of
charity; his Caimakan appeared with a sort of inverted sugar-
loaf on his head; the Eeis-Effendi loomed large in a four-
cornered kalpak, while the gala head-gear of the Kuadjighian,
or members of the divan, might be mistaken for so many
exaggerated Glengarry bonnets.

Oct. 1, 1881. THE SEWING M.VCHINE GAZETTE AND JOtTRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

ELASTIC "WEB MANUFACTUEE-
It is now nearly 150 years a party of French, savants travel-
ling in South America were attracted by some of the garments
worn by the natives, and which had been rendered impervious
to water by being steeped in the mUky juice of a tree indi-
genous in Brazil, and called by the inhabitants Hhve. On
examination they found this peculiar gum or sap to be taste-
less, scentless, white, very inflammable, not affected by exposure
to the atmosphere, insoluble either in water or alcohol, but
capable of solution by means of ether or essential oil. Since
that day the family of trees capable of producing India rubber
or caoutchouc have been cultivated with more or less success in
many tropical countries both in Asia, South America, and
Africa, and how important an article of commerce it has
become may be estimated by some account of a visit we
recently paid to the well-known elastic web manufactory of
Messrs. Hem-y Turner and Sons, whose boot-webs have so
long been favourably known to the trade in all parts of the
civUised world.

It is very curious to note how special iudusti'ies become
localised in certain parts of the country — Eedditch supplying
the needles. High Wycombe the chairs, Leek the sewiug silk,

the strands from chafing, imparting anything but an angelic
appearance to the faces and hands of the young gentlemen so
employed.

As our chief interest lay in the manufacture of the webs
which are used for side-springs — after an inspection of the
store-rooms, where the rubber skeins are warehoused, we next
turned our attention to those departments devoted to the
storage and perforation of the various fabrics employed to
cover the elastic and thus form the finished web, consisting,
as our readers are aware, of silk, wool, and cotton of various
colours and qualities. Of these the silk, of course, is the most
important and costly, many thousand pounds worth of raw
silk being stored away on the shelves of Messrs. Turner's silk-
yarn room in the raw state, exactly as it comes from Italy or
China, which are the two chief silk-producing countries of the
world. As required, it is sent to be dyed ; France, Germany,
and some parts of the United Kingdom, excelling in this par-
ticular branch of industry. It is then made up into skeins of
about 1,000 yards in length, weighed by means nf a dramming
machine, the average weight of a skein being from three to
four drachms. It is then ready to be given out to the warpers
and winders. The duty of the winders is to place the skeins

BBUNSWICK STREET MILLS.

Sheffield the knives, Nottingham the lace. Paisley the thread,
and Kidderminster the carpets for half the civilised world.
Thus it has come about that Leicester, which has already
gained a considerable reputation for its hosiery manufactures,
has also become the seat of the elastic web trade, sharing with
Coventry and Derby in the production of the many varieties of
elastic material which are now produced by the application to
manufacturing purposes of the curious waterproof gum which
the French academicians first introduced into Europe.

The name of Turner has long been associated with the
Leicester web trade, and we expected, therefore, to be able to
gather some interesting information from our visit to the
Brunswick-street Mills, which, as will be seen from cur illus-
tration, are of a very extensive character. Fortunately, we
had obtained an introduction to Mr. W. E. Jefferson, under
whose management the business is very ably conducted, and
to whose inventive skill many important improvements in the
machinery are also due.

The rubber is received into the mills in large hanks or
skeins, and varies in thickness from obout one-eighth to one
forty-eighth of an inch, according to the purpose for which it
is intended, the finer kinds, such as are used for sandal webs
and the like, are wound upon reels by a number of boys, the
black lead, which is used as a sort of lubricator, to prevent

on spindles, from whence they are wound on to bobbins ready
for the looms. They are then taken back to the stock-room
and re-weighed, the winders being held responsible for all
deficiency, after allowing a certain percentage for unavoidable
loss of weight. The next process is that of the warper, who
from a stand containing a large number of the bobbins, winds
all the threads on a large frame, some eight yards in circum-
ference, care being taken that they do not get mixed or cross
each other in any way. From this frame the silk is next
transferred to the weaving-beam. The warping process, as
applied to silk, is all performed by hand-labour, but for the
cotton and woollen threads machinery is used, the threads
passing direct from the stand on which the bobbins are placed
to the beam.

The next process is that of weaving the elastic and silk
threads together to form the web, which, when complete,
becomes either Plain, Twilled, or Terry Web, according to the
arrangements of the machine employed, the favourite kind
being the Terry, which is produced by looping the thread
very much in the same way as in the manufacture of Brussels
carpets. Messrs. H. Turner and Sons also produce a special
kind of web, which is manufactured by a process patented by
Mr. Jefi'erson, which imparts great durability to the web, and
also gives the back of the fabric a soft and pleasant f eeL This

THE SEWma MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Oct. 1, 1881.

is aocomplislaed by adding an additional warp to tlie back,
and the macliinery by whioli this effect is produced is of the
most interesting and ingenious description. At the back of
each loom is an appliance for keeping the elastic, during the
process of weaving, at full tension ; when released, that which
jneasured, say, a yard, is reduced to about one-third of that
length. From the looms the webs are next handed over to the
" pickers," who carefully examine it, and pick out and rectify
any flaws they may find. Next, they are put on the stretch-
ing machine again at full tension, and are then passed through
heated rolleis, which gives an appearance of smoothness and
finish. After being allowed time to resume its normal condi-
tion, the web is measured by a special machine constructed for
the purpose, due allowance being made for subsequent
shrinking. It is then ready to be carded or boarded for sale,

braided cords, such as those used for hat guards, &o., are pro-
duced by means of dotty machines, a number of small bobbins
containing the thread being placed on steel spindles or pipes,
the elastic rising from another pipe in the centre of them. A
transverse motion is given to the spindles, and thus the elastic
is effectually covered with braid. Attached to these machines,
we noticed an ingenious contrivance, whereby the machine
comes to a complete standstill the momeat any one of the
threads becomes accidentally broken, the production of imper-
fectly braided elastic being thereby simply impossible.

How many thousands or hundreds of thousands of spindles
Messrs. H. Turner and Sons keep going at one time in these
extensive mills we should hardly like to Say ; all we know is
that we passed through one large room after another full of
busy people tending row after row of spindles, all going it as

1 ii-j.

f iliiiri

/.^^

LiiH ail
Bit El a

i ii

THE ABBEY MILLS.

in lengths varying with the market for which it is intended.

Perhaps the most important and delicate process connected
■with the manufacture is that of warping, as it is of the greatest
consequence that there should be an even and equal tension
on each strand of the rubber, and the late Mr. Samuel Turner
introduced various improvements into the warping machines
used by the firm, by which the edgy appearance noticeable in
some webs is entirely avoided.

The numerous kinds of elastic, such, for example, as those
used for pocket-book bands, braces, garters, &c., are produced
in a similar way, except that beams are not used, the warp
being conveyed to the loom from rows of bobbins at the back,
the coloured stripes and patterns being produced by the
variety of colours wound on to the different bobbins. The

if they had just found out the secret of perpetual motion, and
meant to make the most of the discovery.

We next visited the packing rooms, where we saw large piles
of elastic of all kinds being packed for home and export trades.
On leaving the Brunswick-street Mdls we next paid a visit to
the Abbey MiUs, where the first looms were erected many years
ago for the production of rubber web. These extensive mills
have recently been acquired by Messrs. Henry Turner and
Sons, and are devoted to the production of several very special
kinds of rubber web, as, for example, those used for pocket
books, braces, garters, &c. We have given illustrations of
both the Brunswick-street and Abbey Mills premises, which
will enable our readers to form some idea of the 'magnitude of
the business carried on by Messrs. Hy. Turner and Sons.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
An improved and valuable labour-saving machine used in
the manufacture of boots and shoes is Dennel's Sole and Heel
Cutting Machine, of which we give an illustration.

THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION AT WOLVER^
HAMPTON.

During the past month an industrial exhibition, consisting
of domestic and sanitary appliances, has been held at Wolver-
hampton. A collection of gas cooking and heating stoves,
made by Hassall and Singleton, of Birmingham, formed a
prominent feature of the show. Messrs. H. and 0. Davis,
Camberwell-road, S.E., exhibited a large number of their

"Metropolitan" kitcheners, grUlers, cooking and heating
stoves, and Messrs. E. Siddaway and Sons, West Bromwich,
showed a collection of gas cooking, heating, and boiling
stoves. There were many other exhibitors, including Messrs.
E. N. Ken worthy and Co., Beveredge and Robinson, Carbon
Filter Co., F. and C. Hancock, Lloyd, Laurence and Co., &o.

The following advertisement recently appeared ia the Daily
Telegraph : — " New means of transport for any number of persona.
London to Paris in four hours, London to New York in three days
(not in a balloon). — The inventor of the above seeks a monetary
partner to enable bim to place his invention before the public. —
For information address C. Burger, engineer, 3, Chemin Neufj
Eauxvives, Geneve." There is no panic in steamship or railway
property at present. Balloons, too, are still rising.

Oct. 1, 1881. THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

EdinMrgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exhibition, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season were Exhibited.

THE ONLY

SILVER MEDALS

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the "CENTAUR" COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTRUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION

Fiill Descriptive Cat<do£nes of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, with Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TEADE. RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.

LISTER ^ CO.,
MANNINGHAM MILLS, BRADFORD,

MANUFACTURERS OF

MACHINE SILKS AND TWISTS,

BUTTON-HOLE SILK TWISTS,

KNITTING AND EMBROIDESY SILKS, FILOSELLE, &c.

Recommended for Stj-cngth, Evenness and Pure Dye. Length i?idicated 07i each Label guaranteed.

OnSTE THI-A-L "V^ILXj mO^VE THEIK, SXJI^ES.IOItlT'Sr.

li. & Co.'s Knitting Silks Wash as Well as aiy produced.

Sold by all Drapers, Haberdashers, Berlin Wool Houses, Sewing Machine Agents, &c.

Wholesale Depot: London, 2, FALCON SQUARE, E.G. " Manchester : 26,,Y0RK STilEET.
THE NEW STRAIGHT NEEDLE MACHINE

l?5

rri

h- (

1-5

;z!

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany. Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 1867.

34 THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE MND JOTJENAL OE DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Oct. 1, 1881.

The Coventry Trininph" Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON, ASLATT cfe CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTUEEES OF THE ^^EXPEESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

•^AT S: O Ij E S J^ 3L E JL IST ID .g' O I^ E iX: "P O I^ T A T I O IsT-
THE LARGEST THE lARGEST SEWING THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

EWINK IffAGHINE TITTINKS

Machine "Belt" |B| Oil ^ Warehouse.

Manufacturers, ^f ^^ Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

SEWING AND MACHINE NEEDLES.

ALL KINDS OF FANCY NEEDLES, KNITTING PINS, CROCHET HOOKS, THIMBLES, &g.,

THE PARK WOOD MILLS CO.,

NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS,

PHee Lists Free. 230, BRADFORD STREET, BIRMIKaHAM.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOR FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

No. 1. - - £1 10 0

„ 2. - - - - 2 2 0

„ 3. - - - 2 10 0 I

Liberal Discount to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers, ,t

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,

93, HUa-H HOXjBOI^IT XjOlTDOISr.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

b. M

g 0

■"I
I *

* M
CQ

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJ^CHESTER

,=1

o O

SURREY MACHINIST COMPANY.

Patent
00111)16 Sec-
tion Hollow
Sims, 189.6d
per pair.

acnw

The

Lightest

and most

rigid in the

Harket.

The only machine made with a perfect

SUSPENSION SPRING AND SADDLE.

The Patent D.S.H.E. Eacer is the lightest and most rigid machine in the world

List and Photo 4 Stamps. Illustrated List of Bicycle Fittings stamp.

Special Terms to Shippers and Agents.

3e, BXi-A.cicin^-A.iNr ST.- XiOnisTHDOnsr.

INDIAEUBBEB BICYCLE and CAEEIAGE TYEES of every description kept
in stock, and supplied by return. Indiarubber Air Saddles, 7s. 6d.. post free
til kinds of Bicycle requisites supplied in the rough or iinish. llustrated Price
. Jst, 1 Stamp, Smith & Co., Indiarubber Manufacturers, 87. Black aan-st., London

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MAJSrUTACTUKEKS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium IVIacliine

WITH AIL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANHFACTUREES OF THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers.

A LARGE STOCK OF

ROLLER RINK SKATES,

From 6/- per pair.

G-. E. WRIGHT,

WHOLESALE

AGENT FOR SEWING MACHINES

OF EVERY DESOBIPTION.

Sole Agent for the " Little Europa " Lock-
stitch Sewhig Machines, and Royal
Rink Roller Skates.

No. 1, NEW BROAD 8TEEET,

LONDON, E.G.

Lock-StitchjSewing Machines from 27/ each.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

ESTABLISHSD 1S30.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Successor to L. De Fontainemoreau Sf Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBUBY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

:E'j^Ti,xs .A.isrx) BiEaTJSSEXia.

Provisional Protection, £7; French Patent, £1; Belgian, £»;

German, .£10 lOs. ; United States, jei7 10s. Designs and Trad*

Marks Kegistered. Circular gratis on application.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 188X.

HOLMES, PEARSON, 2c MIDGLEY,

MANTJFACTtJEEES OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FJiUn DRESSER, SUGAR CUTTER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAi TERMS TO MERCHAJSTTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED UST SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction. An ornament to erery home, and the delight of every wife.
Price, 22 inceef, £5 10s. Rollers with Brass Caps.

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER.

(PATENT)

(RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all olh rs. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding^
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply raaivellous, and must be seen to believed.

The Machine is simply stood in an ordinary copper or wash boiler, the clothes packed around it, the water made to boil, ^nd it then, by
a well-known hydraulic principle, rushes up the Machine and is sucked through the clothes at the rate of 8 to lo gallons perminute. Illustration
and full particulars free.

Agents wanted everywhere. Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNORY WASHER

SECURED BY
ROYAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only requu-e to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No nse of chemicals, soda, doUiea, maids, wash-boards; no turning or pnshing macnme
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVEETON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of July, page 68 : — " The steam softens, and the condensed water
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOUR OF WASHINa DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY,

814, lliiclifield Road, Aston, Birmingham.

Oct. 1, 1881.

THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC SPPLFAVOKS

THE "BISSCHOP" GAS ENGINE.

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator, Will start at a moment's notice.

Power.
One Man . .
One-and-a-half Man
Two
Foul Man .

Pbice.

£25
30

lUiu-A-iiii" «*-" - OS n ft

Mnn 3o 0 ^

*""" 60 0 0

w
w

<
<

Oh
W

>
H

W
"7^

>
H
d

J. E. H. A^SDREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

THE " I^EEI^XjESS "

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

ft ^

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

OILS.

IMPEEIAL SEWma MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CRYSTAL SPEEM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
" SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for tlie HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TURING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKER

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES, NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists oe Samples on Applicatiow to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO..

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

EAU I>E COLOGNE

OF THE

NUN

MARIA CLEMENTINE MARTIN,

Opposite the CATHEDRAL. COLOGNE.

" The samples of Eau <le Cologne sent to the Exhibition by Maria
Clementine Maktin, Nun, of Cologne, were unanimously acknowledged
by the Jury as the best. The precious liquid seemed to contain all the
different scents, whUst, on evaiporating it, none of them became par-
ticularly recognizable. Martin's Eau de Cologi«, which was rewarded
with the Prize Medal, in general, served as means for comparing and
judging the other perfumes." In bottles. Is., 23., Ss., 5s. 6d., and 10s. 6d.,
of all Chemists, Perfumers, and Fancy Dealers.

SOLE AGENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM,

ARTHUR I. JOSEPH, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

iF-iaxcE

2 oz. shorta, Eau de Cologne

4 oz. ,, -

Half-pints - -

Pints - . • . -

Quarts ....

XiIST.

Duty paid, net. In bond.

- - 8/- - 5/-

- - - 15/- — 10/-

- wickered 20/- — 15/-

- 25/- — 17/3

. 50/- — 34/6

. 100/- — 69/-

Small ca^es assorted to order (of not less than £3 value in bond)
delivered free freight, less 74 per cent, discount. May be obtained ou
these terms of any Wholesale House, or at the London Depot : —

1 and 2, AUSTRALIAN AVENUE,

H. C. MASON, Agent.
THE MOST PROFITABLE BRAND.

THE SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOUKNAIi OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. Oct. 1, 1881.

Works:— COVENTRY.

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKEES OF THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BllUUB HERBERT A.CIUEQ
HAKEaa.

COOPER'S

INEXTINGUISHABLE

HTTB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

BALL BEARINGS.

On the •' D.H-F. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, ^dz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR CATALOGUE FREE.

TESTinvconsri^Ls.

Please send another large size " Cooper's Patent " Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in Lamps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. TATTEEsriELD.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure in testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Tours truly, H. Eevell Reynolds, jun.. Dark Blue B.C., ana. L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Ebtnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

AU Oommunications to be addressed to the Works, COVENTRY.

Oct. 1, 1881.

TIJE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND J0T7ENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

mABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVERT PART SUPPLIED IN VARIOUS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Porgings to fixe
Complete Pinished Article.

J^one but the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOR IROJ^, BEST BEST GUJV, Sfc., ^c.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INCLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PRINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

, Works :— Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

BEALEES ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOR WHOLESALE TERMS

THK SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE AND JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

Oct. 1, 1881

JOHNSTONE FLAX MILLS.

INDEPENDENT TESTIMONY.
FINLAYS<»rS THREAD.

AT THE

GREAT AMERICAN LEATHER FAIR

The Threads manufactured by FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD & 00. are in practical and
exclusive use during the Exhibition in Mr. Tilton's Boot Factory, and by the Goodyear, the
Blake, the Keats, the National Wax Thread Machines, and by the New International Dry Thread
Machine. This, as a practical endorsement of this Thread, is certainly very suggestive, and it
is doubtful whether stronger testimony, from those best qualified to judge, could possibly be given
"as to the quahty of the article under notice." — Boston Advertiser, September 10, 1881.

FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD & CO.,

JOHNSTONE, near GLASGOW,

AND

GRAFTON FLAX MILLS, U.S.

Printed for the Prsprietors, and Published by them at 4, Are Maria Laae, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
AND JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.
OCT. 1^^1881.

DENNELL'S PATE^^T SOLE &HEEL CUTTING MACHETE,

exhibited Ijy

FENBY ^ ERASER,

AT STAND N° 181.

Neville Works, LEEDS.

c/(W/y tS CuTHBERTSOf*^

/SfLirriE TRfAftTf Lm£, e. c.

rgar s^

■44.1,'iUriMiglll..^rJ,.i.ii .la iiii.ii.lit ^11 1. Ail'^'l/V.iAlomi'hJ'ait ■B*>mlrU,^

agsB

saa

AN D

cs:

'ii'i'*^- ^'ii^jiy^'K.". ' ■ ■■"..! .1 iipiir;.^:^'r?;.L

"■ lilt — "ifjf— ■IrliTV^- *-''y"i|^-^-^

sgte

Vol. IX. No. 132.

NOVEMBER 1. 1881.

Price, with Supplement, 4d.

DUNBAR, MCM ASTER & CO.,

GILFORD, IRELAND,

Manufacturers of all Mnds of Linen Threads.

H^hest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAND OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS, &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

BT HBE MAJBSTT S EOTAL LETTBES PATENT.

Dec. 5, 1878.

Apeil 2, 1880.

The Heberling Running Stitch

SEWING MACHINE.

THE ONLY ORIGINAL MACHINE FOR

GAUGING, GATHERING. AND TUCKING.

CAUTION.

All the parte of the Heberling Machine are covered by the Patents granted
in the United States, Great Britain, and throughout Europe, and any party discovered
making, selling, or using an imitation of the Machine, or infringing on the said Patent^
will be prosecuted. Every genuine Machine bears the following fac-simile engraved
on the work-plate :-" HEBERLING RUNNING STITCH SEWING MACHINE
CO., U.S.A." To avoid Imposition buy only from our Certified Agenti, or from the
London OfBce direct.

The Trade end Shippers liberally dealt with.
WRITE FOR CATALOGUE & SAMPLE OF WORK TO

THE HEBERUNFsEWING MACHINE CO., 46, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.

THE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1, 1881.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

Novelties in Domestic Appliances 19 — 23

Fire in the Wheeler and Wilson Sewing Machine Factory 23

The Storage of Electricity 23

American Sewing Machine Exports 23

The Coventry Bicycle and Tricycle Trade 24

Meeting of Shop Assistants 24

Domestic Labour Saving Machinery at the Brewers' Exhibition. . 24

Patents 25, 26

Gazette 27

Leaders 28, 29

Our Illustrated Supplement 29

Obituary 30

Mineral Wool 30

Abolition of Distinctive Stamps for Telegrams 31

Success from Failure 31

To Take Out MUk and Coffee Stains 31

Trade and Finance 31

LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co , 36

Devey, Joseph & Co , 37

Hosier and Co 24

Harrington & Co

Hillman, Herbert & Cooper 38

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Surrey Machinist Co 35

Timms & Co 40

Warman, Laxon & Co 37

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers:

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W

Devey, Joseph & Co 40

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Warwick, Thomas 24

fCLE Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas Si Sons 38

Warwick, Thomas 24

Boot Machinery Manufacturers :

Blake and Goodyear Company 13

Howe Machine Co. , Limited 7

Fork Cleaning Machine:

Hutchison & Co

Gas Engine Makers .•

Andrew, J. E. H 35

Crossley Brothers 36

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Holroyd, J 34

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

DaviUe & Co 37

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 12

Alexander & Co

Sewing Machine Manufacturers:

Baer and Remple

Gritzner & Co 5

Holroyd, J 7

Howe Machine Company, Limited 7

Mothersill. R 7

Pitt, Brothers 4

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 7

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 4

Singer Manufacturing Company 8, 9

Thurlow, Charles 33

W^anzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Watson & Co 39

Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co 3

White Sewing Machine Company 6

Wright, G. E 38

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Bown, W

DaviUe, R. S. & Co '.'. .,', 37

Manasse, Max 38

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company ;..........: 37

DaviUe & Co 35

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood MiUs Company 33

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co ' 12

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co 1

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co. ........ 11

The Remington Type Writer :
Beeman and Roberts ,

Trade Psotection Societies:
Stubbs' Mercantfle Offices

»5

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

DaviUe & Co 37

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley 37

Kenwcrthy & Co 18

Tavlor & WUson 39

Taylor, F. D 38

Twelvetrees, Harper 34 & 35

Theobald, E 40

Wolstencroft & Co 38

Whitley & Co 35

THE

jb- ^tb'm^ ^ulfmt (^^%tiiL

PUBLISHING OFFICE : —

4, -A.VE nycuft-EiA. Xj-A-iste e.g.

EDITOKIAl and ADVEBTISSMENT OFFICE: —

20 •V7'OI?.a>-I''vWOOI3 STREET, B.C-

SCALE OF CHARGES FOE ADVEETISEMENTS.

One Page <£4 0 0 per insertion

Half „ 2 2 0

One Third Page 18 0 „

Quarter „ 12 0 „

One Sixth „ 0 15 0 „

One Eighth,, 0 12 0 „

Not. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOB,

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEELER AND WILSON'S

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Light, Medium, or Powerful, from JQ6 5s.

The New-Straight Needle Machines, for -wMcli tlie "GRAND PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machine. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs.

No. 6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the

thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work „ £8 lOs.
Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work „ £10.

No. 7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,

Upholstery, &c „ £8 lOs.

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & 2 Prices, £6 lOs., £7 lOs.

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COVEE, complete, £5 5s.

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogues and other particulars, Post Free.

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London, Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49, Newington Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birmingham, Stephenson Place.
Brighton, 163, North Street.
Priitol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
CardifT, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Koad.
Hull, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, .'^7, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1, Stephen's Green.

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London Sti
Exeter, London Inn Sqi)
Toi-quay, 115, Union Sti
Taunton, 2, High Street
Stroud, 1, John Street,

rHE JOUENAf, OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SE-WINQ^ MACHINE GAZETTE. Nov. 1, 1881.

Obtained Prize He dais

wherever exhibited, London

Paris, America, etc.

} PITT BROTHERS,

f Established 30 years ; one of
•jthe Oldest Makers, and first
Ho introduce Sewing Machines

MAKERS OF

Manufacturing and Domestic Sewing Machines.

GREAT REDtrOTION IN
PRICES.

Agents, Shippers and Dealers

liberally treated.

Illustrated Lists Free.

The Trade Mark is
fastened on the Arm
of each Machine.

All interested in
Sewing Machinea are
respeotfully desired to
write at once for
Illustrated Lists, as
our Machines have
many IMPOKTANT

Improvements and
Additions, which,
coupled with their
Superior and Durable
Finish, the Sales are
Increasing Weekly,
and the Reports from
Agents and Shippers
are most encouraging.

PITT BROS., Alma Foundry, LIVERSEDGE, Yorkshire.

Nov. 1, 1881. THE JOITRNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

TZNER&

Factory of Sewing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets

ill Germany.

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■*-'

(-1

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H O

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Orna

INGS

< "^

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Inta
Oil

Fig. A.

OPEN

Chair

Wi thdrawu.

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LOCKED

Chair and
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chine within

TO SE^WIiTO 3iA.^OHCI3SrE HDEl^^LEij^fo

LATEST NOVELTY.

(t^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above those

for all systems of machines.

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerouR Sxhibitiona

Furnished

for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother of-

pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by special

artists. All mai hiues with loose wheel

and self-acting winder.

BllNSlON

Novel I
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBITION

1879.

"Wholesfllft Ae-p.nts vwantArl tVirmiiJ-Vinnt tViA TTnitpd Kinp-rlmm-

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWINd MACHINE (JAZETTE. Not. 1. ISSl.

THE WHITE SEWIHG MACHINE COMPANY.

MANUFACTORY: . -

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

19, QUEEN VICTORIA ST.. LONDON. E.G.

Manufacturers of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MilCHINES,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

machines for I j-j^ i Every machin*
all work. -IJN Warranted for

1* various mTrpTTj^yfi*™. Legal
Btyles. |lnrili\j guarantee.

AHRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AKD

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASXEST-SELLINO AND

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

Cheapest and Best m the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

All Sewing Machine Agents, Dealers, and Operators are invited to call and inspect this— the latest Improved and Best
Silent Lock-Stitch Shuttle Sewing Machine — or send for Pamphlets, Circulars, &c., to

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COM

19, Queen Victoria Street^ Loudon, E.G.

Hot. 1. 1881. THE JOURNAL OS" r>OMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWlN(J MACHINE GAZETTE.

EUAS HOWE SEWING MACHINES,

ADAPTED FOE

FamUlei will find no other Macliine whicli will

do the same range of work. BewinK from the flnert

Muslin to several plies of heavy Cloth.
Siesimakers who once use THE HOWE give

it the preference over all othen for beauty and

durability of Stitch.

PURCHASE NO

MACHINES

EVEBY DESCKIPTION OF WORK.

Complete with

all Appliances

from £4 4s.

ManufactuiexB of Boots and Clothing, who
carry on a high-clasa trade, ONLY TJBE THE HOWE
MACHINE.

A trial is all that ia necessary to convince those
in want of a Sewing Machine that THE HOWB ia
entitled to pre-eminence over all othen.

WITHOUT THIS
TRADE MARK.

Price Lists and

Samples of Work

post free.

HE HOWE MACHINE COMPANY (Limited),

The Howe Machine Co. are also manufacturers of Bicycles and Tricycles.
THE HOWES BICYCL.E:, Price from £15 I.Jt!...

Possesses all the latest improvements, and will be found unrivalled for
quality of workmanship and material. See Special Lists.

THE HO^(VE TRICYCL.E, Price £10 lOs.

A Machine designed on the Best Mechanical Principles.

46 & 48 Queen Tictoxia Street, London.
Factory: Arenue Street, Bridgeton, QlasBVW-

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

£4 4s. Complete.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples of
Work, and all particulars free on apphcation

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

-A-O-EOSTTS •V^-A-lSTTED.

This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the " Weir 55s. Machine," &c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not Uable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAtTTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years obtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL.

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863

THE JOTTEKAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Nov. 1, 1881.

THE SINGER

COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES were Sold In the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.

THE OBEAT SALS affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attfibutablo

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch^

AND rOE THEIE

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sowing,

PRICE

fi:om

£4: 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4 Os. ^^

May be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

opBsia "V7"sdh}k:i

No Household should
be w^ithout one of the

Family Machines,
^Arhich are unequalled

for all Domestic
Sewing. So simiple, a
child can work them.

UAirUFACTTTKEIlS should see th*
manufacturing' machines I

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop I

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being- on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
CJhief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE E.G.

823 Branch Offices in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N. 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, Cheapside, E.C.

132, Oxford Street, W.

81 i, 33, NewiBgton Causeway, S.ill.

149, Southwark Park Eoad, S.E.

S78, Clapham Boad, S.W.

144, Brompton Eoad, S.W.
269, Commercial Koad, E.
174, Hackney Eoad, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
3, Ordnance Kow, Barking Boad,
Ca&uingr Towa, E.

6, High Street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Eoad, Eichmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.B.
4^ Korth Tiai, Croydon, S.E.

Not. 1, 1881. THE JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 9'

THE SIN6ER MANUFAGTURINS COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe :

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, OheapBide, E.G. ; IM, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blue
Anchor Road, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, OlaphamRoad, S."W. ; 144,Brompton Road, S.W. ; 269, Commercial
Eoad, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N. ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (hetween Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street. Barking Road, Canning Town, E, • 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W.; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, 4a, North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENGLAND.

&.ccringt(ni, 9, Feel-itreet

ftldershot, Yictoria-road
AJlfretoB, 68, King-«treet
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Aihton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church -Btreet.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-Btreet
Barrow -im-FumeBB. i 1, D*lkeith-

street
Bath, 5, Qmet>street
Batley, Commercial-Btreet
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade^ Shortmead-street
Bingley, Main-street.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lana
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, Ma, Ohurch-sti'eet
Blyth, 'Woodbine-ter., "Waterloo
Bolton, 52, Newport -street
Boston, 3^, Market-place
Bradford, 38, MechanicB' feistit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,8t., Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Kent), IB, High-street
Burnley, 110, St. James'-street
Burton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-8t .-Edmunds, 78 , St .John-8t.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Oury
Canterbury, 6, High-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldgs., Bank-fit.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chehnslord, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, PittviUe-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldg?.
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, ClifEord-street
Oleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, .H9, "WeUgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St.Botolph-Htreet
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
CoToctry, .12, Fleet^s^eet (oj

BabUke Church)
Crewe, 87, Nantwioh-road
Darllxigton, 10, Preb«nd-*OW
bartford, 11, High-atrMi

Deal, 124, Beach-straet
Denbigh, 36. Park-street
Derby, 22, Wardwick
Dewabury, Nelflon-fltreet (top of

Daisy -mil)
Doncaster, 28, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man}t 6, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich-road
Dudley, 217, Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(twe doors from post office)
■Rcclea, 81, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freematr-iirPTt
Guernsey, 17, Smith-stret*
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 53, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, U, Westmoreland-st,
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heekmondwike, 2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commerci^-street
Hertford, Forden House, "Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Hkeston, 75, Bath-street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, Wildman-street
Kidderminster, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38. Windsor-street
Leeds, 14, Boar -lane
Leek, 27, Russell-street
Leicester, 44, Granby-street
Lewes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street

Maldon, High-street

fl05, MaTket-street
132, Cheetham-hiil
438, Stretford-road
Manningtree, Hi^h-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Market Harboro', Church-street
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middleaboro*, 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcaatle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport(I of Wight).91,Pyle-st.
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-street
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheeler gate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton- old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey-street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road'
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of Eagland-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-street (op-

posi'ie Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Kipley, Market-place
Itipon, 1, Blossomgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Rotherham, 109, Main-streat
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, High-street
Longton (Staffs.). 12, Market-ter. Ryde(IsIeof Wight*,78,ITnion-st.
Loughborough, 44, Market-place Saffron Walden, Church-street
Lowestoft, 123, High-street I Salisbury, 56, Fishervin-street

Luton, 32, Park -street ' Salford, 4, Cross-vane, and 100,

Lynn, 9, Norfolk-street i Regent-road

luiditoa^, 8, King-at^ ~': I Scarbwongh, 30, Huntzisa-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, XTnion-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'-Church-street
Stratford-on-ATon, 19, W*K)d-Bt.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station "reet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth, 54, Church-street
Taunton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-street
Truro, 13, Victoria-place
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st.
Watford,^Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Pease od-street
Winsford, Over-lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles -street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergfavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Quecn-strewt
Carmarthen, 7, Lanmias- street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-street
Newtown, Markat-hall
Pontypool, Market-hall
Pontypridd, Market-hall
Swansea* 103, Ox/ord-Btreet

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, Union-stret-i
Arbroath, 159, High -street
Ayr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dundee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-atreet «
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 89, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackhall-«t.
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, S, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree'
Kirkcaldy, 69, High-'^eet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High- street-cross
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
Viin, Lamingtoa-street
Thurso, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle-Street
Athlone, Church-mtreet
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-at
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., K.
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. George' a-street
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennis, Jail-street
EnniskiUen, 15, High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galwav, Domnick-street
KilrusK. Moor*-street
Kingstown, 654 Lower tr*ji^-«t
Limerick, 31, Patrick -street
Londonderry, 1, Carlisle-road
Mulhngar, Greville-street
Navan, Trimpate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffini*
Queenetown, Harbour-roii
Sligo, 4S. Knox-strtL^t
Tralee. iO, Bridge-street
Waterford, 124, Quay
WKriord Mlskar-atTttef

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Hov. 1. 1881.

USTIN BROWNE

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNT can refer to customers -whom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &c., all of whom haTS
eKpi<*8ei the f^eatest satiBfaotion, and renewed their orders. His prices will he found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of tha
difference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, Sec, wliich as a
Wholesale Maniifaoturer he does not incur ; haying only Factory expenses, We 'lan offer an equally good instrument at a much lower fig^urs.

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

PIANOFORTE MANUFACTUREB,

S37 & 239. EUSTON BOAt>. LONDON. ENGLAND.

Nov. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIA.NCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

JOHNSTONE FLAX MILLS.

INDEPENjUENTJTESTIMONY.
FINLAYSON'S THREAD

AT THE

GREAT AMERJCANJLEATHER PAIR

The Threads maniifactured by FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD & CO. are in practical and
exclusive use during the Exhibition in Mr. Tilton's Boot Factory, and by the Goodyear, the
Blake, the Keats, the National Wax Thread Machines, and by the New International Dry I'hread
Machine. This, as a practical endorsement of this Thread, is certainly very suggestive, and it
is doubtful whether stronger testimony, from those best qualified to judge, could possibly be given
"as to the quality of the article under notice." — Boston Advertiser, September 10, 1881.

FINLAY80N, BOUSFIELD & CO.,

JOHNSTONE, near GLASGOW,

AND

GRAFTON FLAX MILLS, U.S.

THE JOTTEN'AL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES ANT) SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Not. 1, 1S81.

H
O

H
H
O

jBEiarraa merit

J2;
o

}2:

o H

o o

W pq

S fi '^ 5

W 03 o <1

2 S o P5

2 o P5 '^

liffii iiiiiiiiifiiii^

o
o

O
O

SIX "CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLAOE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. and Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

ESTABLISHED 1759.

LISTER & CO.,

MANNINBHAM MILLS. BRADFORD

MANUFACTURERS OF

MACHINE SILKS AND TWISTS,

BUTTON-HOLE SILK TWISTS.

KNITTING AND EMBROIDERY SILKS, FILOSELLE, &c.

Recommended for Strength, Evenness and Pure Dye. Length indicated on each label guaranteed.

OlsTE TK,I-A.Xi -WTIXuXi FDRO^VE THEIH, SXJI>BE,IOE,IT-y-.
Ji. &, Oo.'s Knitting Silks 'Wash as Well as any produosd.

ifoy. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR BOOT & SHOE MACHINERY CO,

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery Awarded at the Paris Exposition.

BOOT FINISHING MACHINERY.

Gilmore LeveUer.

Patent Edge Parer.

latham Heel Parer.

1, WOESHIP STEEET, EINSBUEY, LONDC)N, E.G

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Nov. 1, 1881.

MR. PLATT'S PUBLICATIONS.

M'
M'
M
M

M'
M'
M'
M'
M'

ONEY— By JAMES PLATT.

ONEr— By the Author of " Business " and " Morality."

ONET— Krst Edition. Sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth

thousand
ONEY — 208 pages, crown 8vo., cloth limp.

ONEY— One shilling.

ONEY — Messrs. SimpMn, Marshall and Co., Stationers' -hall-
court, London, E.G.
ONEY— Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son's Railway Bookstalls.

ONEY— Messrs. Willing and Oo.'s Bookstalls.

ONEY— At every Bookseller'g.

ONEY— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin' s-lane, London, W.O., will

send a copy, post free, for one shilling.
ONEY— Contents : Preface, Money.

ONEY— The Origin of Money. What is Money P

ONEY — Currency ; Gold Money, Silvei Money.

ONEY— Bank Notes, Cheques, Bills of Exchange.

ONEY— Bank Shares, Banking.

ONEY — Exchange, Interest.

ONEY— Wealth, Capital, Panics.

ONEY— Individual Success.

ONEY— National Prosperity.

ONE? — Concluding Remarks.

M
M

M'
M'
M
M
M
M
M
M
M'

MONEY.— Page 28 : — " It is only by understanding our mone-
tary system that we can realise the power of ' credit.' Our com-
mercial system is based upon faith; cheques, hills, notes are mere bits of paper,
and only promises to pay ; yet so great is the power of cre'lit that transactions to
the extent of over a hundred millions weekly are transacted through the Oiearmg-
house Gold is a mere pigmy, as a medium of exchange, to this giant ' paper,'
based -upon ' credit.' Simply by system and faith, in conjunction Tvith hankinc,
this institution settles the exchanges, the buying and selling, to this enorcirfs
amount, without the aid of a single metallic coin— merely, by bookkeeping, or trans-
fer of cheques, ihe debiting or crediting of A or B."

MONEY.— Page 48: — "Barter or exchange between buyer and
seller is, of course, the more simple operation, but it is not practicable ;
simple enough if you could always find some one willing to take what you hare and
able to ofler what you require in exchange thereof ; but, this not bemg possible, the
difficulty is at once conquered by money. Barter your property for money, then
take the money, and get for it what you like and when you like. This is the action,
as it is the essence of currency ; it enables you to sell for money of such mtrinsio
value that it will obtain for you anywhere what you want and when you want it."

MONEY. Page 74: — " Our Currency Act should be so framed
that at all times, more especially in times of panic, the people
may be certain that any amount of money can be had by those who have the
requisite securities to deposit for the same. It is the dread of not being able to get
the money that causes half the mischief, and it is folly to go on trustmg in time of
need to suspend the operation of the Bank Charter Act. When an Act is sus-
pended it must be either to remove an evil which the Act has produced or to
prevent an evil which the Act may produce." . , .

MONEY. Page 80: — "But the fact stares us in the face that
these panics do not arise from the want of gold, but a limita-
tion and restriction of the ordinary accepted currency of the kingdom just at
certain junctures when the nation requires more instead of less of the circulating
medium ; and it can be proved that a larger issue of bank notes at these periods
stops the distrust, the blind fear that creates panics. Therefore, why not remove
the cause by not limiting the issue of notes to the stock of gold and a certain sum
not exceeding £16,000,000 upon securities; and, as they cannot be increased upon
the stock of bullion, niter the Act, to any sum the nation needs, if Government
security to the value thereof be deposited." , t, > .

■\ /pONEY.— Page 167:— "The Kmitation of the Bank Act must
IVI 1)6 removed. There is no reason why the limit should be
15 millions; whilst there is every reason why the Act should be altered and the
Bum enlarged. There is no necessity for a fixed sum. All we want is security lor
the notes issued."

"DUSINESS— By JAMES PLATT.
"DUSINEBS— 66th, 57th, BSth, 59th, 60th thoueaad.

"DUSINESS— One Shilling.

BUSINESS— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationers'.
_^ hall-court, London, E.G.

TJUSINESS- Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son's Railway Bookstallfl.

"DUSINESS- Messrs. Willing and Oo.'s Bookstalls.

"DUSINESS- At every Bookseller's.

USINESS— Mr. Piatt, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.O., will

send a copy, post free, for one shilling.
USINESS— Contents : Preface, Special Notice.

USINESS— Business qualities.
"DUSINESS— Health, Education, Observation.
"DUSINESS— Industry, Perseverance.
"DUSINESS— Arrangement, Punctuality.

USINESS— Calculation, Prudence, Tact.

USINESS— Truthfulness, Integrity.

USINESS— Money, and what to do with it.

B
B
B

USINESS— Bank Shares.
USINESS— Depression of Trade.

B
B
B
B
B

-[3 USINESS— Free Trade and Reciprocity.
-jD USINESS— Civil Service Stores,
-p) USINESS— Co-operative Trading.
-r^ USINESS— Concluding Remarks.

BUSINESS. — Page 7 : " Commerce is guided by laws as inflexible
as those of health or gravitation ; and the primary cause of
failure in business may be traced as unerringly as the punishment that will surely
follow the infringement of any other law of nature."

BUSINESS. — Page 179: " From every pulpit and in every school
throughout the kingdom the justification of double dealing and
trickery upon the plC' ^hat it is impossible to get a living honestly by trade, or in
any vocation, shout'a Kv denounced in the most unmistakeable language as a libel
on Providence, and the failure to succeed be attributed to its real cause— the man's
ignorance of or incapacity for the business or profession he follows." ,

f "DUSINESS.— Page 110 :—" Thoughts have been well termed the
-D seeds of acts. It has been said, and may be accepted as a truism,
that 'nothing is denied to well-directed diligence.* "
IX/rORALITY- By JAMES PLATT.

1\/rORALITY— 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th thousand.

■jl/TORALITY— 208 pages, crown 8vo,, cloth limp.

ly/rORALITY- One Shilling.

MORALITY— Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationers'
hall-court, London, E.G.
lyrORALITY- Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son'sRaUwayBooksiaaU,

MORALITY— Mr. Elatt, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.O,
will send a copy post free for One Shilling.

lYJ^ORALITY- Contents :—

"\TORAXITY— Introduction, Morality.

MORALITY. — Page 202 :— " Make us feel we are under the rnla
of ' One above who sees all,' and whose laws are never infringe^

with impunity ; but that we have the power, if we but will 80 to do, to leam KJs

^Qbpn. BTiH Tip hnTiTiTT hv rpvprpnt.lv obeying JTim."

Money.
•>
R. PLATT, 77, St. Martin's-lane, London, W.O., will stad
oopy of any one of these works pMt free t(x la.

wishes, and be happy by reverently obeying Him.
ORALITY— Business- "'

Nov. 1, 188). THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LOIS^DON, E.O:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF OFFICES :

For IBELAITD.

f DUBLIN— 21, CoUege Green.
( BELFAST— 56, Victoria Streci.

For SCOTLAND.

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
\ BDINBUKGH— 4, Cockburn Street.

DISTRICT OFFICES:

GLOUCBSTER^G, CoUege Court.
LEEDS— 1, Bast Parade.
LIVKRPOOL— 71, Lord Street.
MANCHBSTEK— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.

With Agents and Correspondents throughoid the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United SUfies of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank of London.

BIRMINGHAM— K), Exchange Buildings.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South Mall.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH— 85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD- 85, Queen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street.

BELFAST— The Noetheen Banking company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking Company.
BRISTOL— The National Peoyinoial Bank of England.
DUBLIN— Thb National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The NATIONAL j3anK OP SCOTLAND.

GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL- The Bakk op Liverpool.
MANCHESTER— Manchester and Salfoed Bane.

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

With tteir various associated Agenci«3, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchants,
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TERlvCS OF SXJBSCR,IFTIOIsr

(Except for Sjjtecial Service and Financial Departments, in which the Eates will be fixed by Agreement according to the

eircumstances.) One, Two, Theee, and FrvE Guineas, according to requirements.

PEOSPECTUSES GIVING FULL PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION.

O .A-TJT I O 3^.
There h no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of

King St., opposite Guildhall), exce^ the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE, Nov. 1, 1881.

UNATTACHED

courtney's

Improved Patent Button Fastener.

The objection raised by many to Fasteners now in use are that they

have a tendency to hurt the foot, but this is entirely obviated by using

our Improved Fastener, the cross bars of which fit in a grove on each side,

fitting securely in, and thereby making it perfectly flat, as well as round,

and consequently do not press into the foot as before mentioned.

ATTACHED

COURTNEY & Co., Patentees, 42, St. Paul's Square, Birmingham.

TO BE OBTAINED FROM THE PRINCIPAL WHOLESALE HOUSES.

:m:oC3-ilij's

PATENT SINGLE-STROKE STAPLE PRESS.

Secured 61; Moyal Letters Patent, No 166, 25th Feb., 1879.

For Binding Papers, Pamphlets, &c., sampling WoollenB, Cottons, Sillcs, &c., and for suspending
Show Cards, &c., McGill's Patent Staple Pasteners and Staple Suspending Rings 'will be found un-
Burpassed in adaptability, and the only articles for the purposes intended that can be applied auto-
matically. McGill's Patent Single-Stroke Staple Press automatically inserts these Fasteners and
Rings. A single stroke of the operator's hand upon the Plimger of the Press will instantaneously
inaert and clinch the Staple or Ring, in the articles to be boxmd or suspended.

Also UcGill's Patent American Paper Fasteners, Binders, Suspending
Sing's and Braces, Picture Hangers, &c., cheaper and superior to any gtaple Suspend-
other make. mg Ring.
^_^___^___ 6s. per 1000

EUROPEAN AGENTS—

F. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, EC

■WHOLESALE 0^fLY. DISCOUNT TO EXPORTERS. Staple Fastener.

Illustrated Catalogue and Price List on Application. 5s. per 1000.

BROWN'SSATIN POLISH

Received the Highest Award and only Medal^

:e' j^:eix3 ib x: h ib i tioist, i878.

Highest a'ward Melbourne Exhibition, 1881.
Highest and only Award, Frankfort Exhibition, 1881.

TJie "Satin Polish" is the most elegant article of the kind ever produced.

LADIES' SHOES which have become Red and Rough by wearing, are restored to their ORIGINAL COLOUR
and LUSTRE, and WILL NOT SOIL the SKIRTS WHEN WET. Tarnished Patent Leather is improved by it.

For TRAVELLING BAGS, TRUNKS, HARNESS, CARRIAGE TOPS, &c., it is unequalled. It will not
harden the Leather nor crack. It is not a spirit varnish.

BROWN'S PATENT LEATHER DRESSING.— This Dressing, which is better known as Thin Dressing,
is suitable for Fine Leather Goods, holding its lustre much longer than the Dressings which have heretofore been
used and will not render them stiff and hard ; neither is the Leather as liable to mouldy It is most admirably adapted
to the wants of dealers whose goods become shopworn, or in any way defaced.

Kept by all WTiolesale Houses and all first-class Boot and Shoe Stores in the United Kingdom.

FACTOEIES— 133 and 135, Pulton Street, 154 and 156, Commercial Street, Boston ; 377, St. Paul Street, Montreal ;
18 and 20, Morman's-Bnildings, St, Luke's, London, B.C.

Not. 1. 1881. THE JOTTENAL OF DOMEgTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

PRIZE MSDAL-\
AND AWARDS

V PHILADELPHIA .

L 1878.

FLEXIBLE GLASS PAPER.

Unequalled for Durability and Strength,
EVERY SHEET IS WARRANTED AND STAMPED "OAKEY'S."

OATITION. Numerous •worthleas imitations being now offered for sale, purchasers are rectnested to ask for "Oakey's," and to see that

the name is stamped upon every Sheet, for -without it none is genuine. Note that the size of the Sheets is 12 by 10 inches.

SOLD EVERYWHERE BY LEATHER SELLERS, IRONMONGERS, OILMEN, &c. WHOLESALE BY

JOHN OAKEY & SONS,

ilanufacturers of Emery, Blacklead, Emery and Glass Cloths, Glass and Emery Papers, &C.,

WELLINGTON EMERY & BLACKLEAD MILLS, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, LONDON, 8.E.

DREW & CADMAN,

HOLBORN WORKS.

245 & 246, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W,C.,

(OPPOSITE DAT & MARTIN'S.)

BUILDERS AND SHOP-FITTERS,

AND MANUFACTURERS OF

PLATE GLASS SHOW CASES AND COUNTERS.

BrMB Windo-w Fittings of every description made to order. Brass and Wood Name Plates, Lamps and Gas Brackets for Shop

Windows. Makers of improved Spring Blinds for Shop Fronts.
Mmptrienctd men lent io any part of ih* country. Shop Fronts and Fittings manufactured especially for Exportation.

lfiB>f*«tarara of Plata Glass Show Stands snitable for aU Trades, Boot Makers, Tobaeoonists, and for the display ef aU kinds of Panoy Goods
THB TEADB SCPPLIKD WITH CONCAVB A-ND OOJnrxX MIKSOEi. PLATB GLASS SHBLVBS ANT SIZa OE BHAPH SrPPLIBD.

By Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent.

Chase's Patent Acme Button Fastener.

Tlve Clieapest and Best Fastening for a Boot.

MANUPACTUEED BY

"W. CH^SE &c CO.,

16, Little Trinity Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, E.G.

EltLA

eic.a

as.c.

THE JOITENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Not. 1, 1881.

THE "WANZER"

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

SEWING MACHINES.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, wherevex Exhibited.

THE NEW " LITTLE WANZEK. "—Entirely reconstructed and improved.
Nickel- plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s.

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself.— The most powerful yet Ught running
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s,

WANZER "C" Light Foot PamUy Machine, entirely New, with every

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " P " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 lOs.

WANZER " E " Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of all kind»
£8 8s.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. 7Tu
only Machine Kiltifig mtd Basting at one operation.

WANZER

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

'U combines all the hnoivn advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Guineas complete.

The Wander Sewing Machine Company ^

LIMITED,

Chief Office— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON, W.

NEW HIGH-CLASS WASHING MACHINE.

The "PAUAGON" Washer, Wringer and Mangier (KBNWORTHY'S Patent) is a compact

powerful, and easily-worked Machine, the highest type of perfection and scientific construction, and

~ contains more of all that is excellent than any other Washing Machine in the

world, and is rapidly gaining the reputation of being the beat for Family use.

Awarded Highest Honours in Trial o£ Washing Machines at the National

Agricultural Show, Southport ; Amalgamated Society's Show, Newton Heath,

Manchester, First Prize, Silver Medal ; Oldham Agricultural Show, First Prize,

Silver Medal, General Competition, and also an extra First Prize, Silver Medal,

If or Improvements ; Worsley Agricultural Show, the Society's Medal ; Altrincham

Agricultural Show, First Prize ; Crompton and Shaw Agricultural Show, First

Prize, Society's Medal ; Saddleworth Agricultural Show, First Prize, Society's

Medal ; also gained Prizes and Honours at the Northumberland, Halifax, Tod-

Imorden, and Preston Agricultural Shows.

Showing PLOTfOBE,
which works up and
do^vn in tub about 60
times per minute, at-
mospherically forcing*
1 he hot water and soap
ihrough the clothes,
IhusDot only loosing
1 hedirt but thoroughly
J emoving it in a short
space of time, without
8 ny possibilityof wear-
ing or injuring the
most delicate articles.

Mr. Jordan Evans, 92, Cawder Street, Prince's Road, Liverpool, says :—
"I beg to inform you that the 'PARAGON' Washing, Wringing, and
Mangling Machine supplied by you some time ago is a great success, perform-
ing all you claim for it, and more. The mechanism is simple, yet effective
the articles to be cleansed being acted upon by atmospheric pressure and
suction alternately, instead of being turned and twisted round, as in most
other Machines, the most delicate fabrics are uninjured. I may add that a
wash which previously took eight hours can be comfortably completed in lea
than two hours."

Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of the Celebrated and World-Eenowned PATENT " CANADIAN WASHER,'
which is the most Simple, most Effective, and the most Economical Washer ever offered to the Public. This is
0 n the same principle as the " Paragon Washer " Plunger, but is made to use by hand in any ordinary maiden tub,
■washtub, or bowl. Over 30,000 have been sold in a short time.

AGENTS WANTED in Districts not yet Eepresented.

OLDHAM, LANCASHIRE.

E. N. KENWORTHY & CO., '^^^fi^^^^Si^r^'

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

NOVELTIES IN DOMESTIC APPLIANCES.

MESSES. WEIGHT & CO.S GAS STOVES.

One of the newest articles in gas stoves, made by Messrs.
Jolin Wright and Co., of Birmingham, is their " Gas-fire," an
illustration of which we give below. Into an ornamental
frame made of cast iron is inserted a centre of stout woven
wirework, of double thickness, and backed by a fire-clay slab.
In the centre are interlaced strips of platinum wire, while the
burner is so arranged that the flames touching these wires
cause the platinum and then the iron to become red hot almost

fsr

directly the gas is lighted; this produces the effect of a
brightly-burning fire. The great radiating power of iron is
thereby used for transmitting the heat, while the backing of
fire-clay serves only to intensify the heat on the wire. The
" gas-fire" may be stood within the grate, or it can be hung
upon the bars in front, thus allowing all injurious gases
caused by combustion a free escape up the chimney.

We would call the attention of the trade to Messrs. Wright's
patent "Hygienic" ventilating stove, for burning gas, coke,

THE HYGIENIC.

coal, slack, &c. We give two illustrations referring to the
" Hygienic," and from the sectional one the wcrking and con-
struction of the stove will be easily understood. A is the
exterior of the stove, B is a dome of iron above an open fire,
divided by a plate C ; the heat and product of combustion pass
through the dome over the plate, and into the chimney through

the outlet-pipe H. The interior B and F are air chambers or
passages, which have a direct communication, in any con-
venient way, with the outer air through the continuing-pipo
D. When the fire is lighted the iaterior of the stove and the
dome is heated, and the air in passing abstracts the heat from
the exposed surfaces, and is carried through the orifices G
into the room ; there it rises to the ceiling, and as heavier
vitiated air is carried off through the fire, the warm air
descends to replace it, and thus a perfect circulation is induced
and the room is equally warmed in every part with pure, fresh
atmospheric air. The utilisation of the heat generated by the
combustion of the fuel is so complete that the bare hand may
be laid on the outlet-pipe without burning, proving that a
minimum of heat only is permitted to escapeinto the chimney.
A blower or draught-pipe is provided, which, when applied,

SECTIONAL VIEW OF "THE HYGIENIC."

prevents air passing over the fire, and conducts it directly
thi ough it, increasing the rapidity of combustion, and bringing
a room to any desired temperature in a very short time. A
room 21 by 17 can, it is stated, be warmed to 60deg. in half an
hour. A pan is placed under the grate into which the entire
contents of the grate can be emptied by a lever for removal.
When the heat of the room is excessive, and the fire is allowed
to go out, cool, fresh air finds its way through the air-passages
of the stove, the vitiated air passes out througU the smoke-flue as
usual, the temperature becomes reduced, and the circulation of
the air of the room maintained without a fire in the stove.
With the valves in the outlet and inlet pipes, and the various
openings in the blower and fender of the stove, the speed of
draught can be controlled completely. The "Hygienic" is
specially adapted for warehouses, hospitals, schoolrooms, work-
rooms, and buildings where many people are assembled.

IMPEOVED FEUIT AND YEGETABLE-PAEER.

Messrs. Wheatley Brothers, of Sheffield, have just intro-
duced into the trade an improved fruit and vegetable parer.
Many knives of various devices have been at times placed

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PARER.

before the trade as suitable for this purpose but as yet they
have at the best been but clumsy contrivances, and little better
than any ordinary table knife. The novelty, of which we give
an illustration, has a cutting edge stamped out of the middle of
the blade, which projects about l-16th of an inch. By this

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Nov. 1, 1881.

arrangement the paring of an even tMckness can be taken off
in the quickest and easiest manner. For removing the eyes
or diseased parts of potatoes and apples, the end of the blade
can be used, -which is specially adapted for that purpose. The
peeler is made in two qualities, the better being nickel-
plated.

THE CANADIAN WASHER.
Messrs. E. Keworthy and Co., of the Alpha Works, Oldham,
are manufacturing a very simple machine, known as the
Canadian Washer. It works on the principle of the force-
pump, forcing the water through the clothes to be washed,
thereby not only loosening the dirt in the clothes, but
thoroughly removing it from them. It is truly a labour-
saving machine, and most efficient in its action on the clothes.
The machine costs but a few shillings. We give an illustration
of the same, and the following is the manner of using it : —
Let the clothes be first put into cold water to steep as
long as convenient; then take the washer and press' it on
the clothes, working it up and down in the maiden-tub, wash-

THE CANADIAN WASHER.

tub, or bowl, for about ten minutes (care to be taken to lift it
about two inches Out of the water each time, so as to catch
the air each stroke), then wring the clothes out of this water,
put them into hot water, adding boiled soap or a little wash-
ing powder to make a lather ; then take the washer and work
it as before five or ten minutes. Wring out tbe clothes, put
them into fresh hot water, adding boiled soap, &c., as before;
work the washer for five or ten minutes, then wring them out,
put them through blue water, and they will be finished. No
rubbing or brushing is required, except very dirty parts, and
then not half as much as when put through other washing
machines. In all cases use plenty of hot water. Steadily and
firmly pressing the washer up and down is much better than
rapid motion ; it is more effective.

NOVELTIES IN LAMPS.

Messrs. Hinks and Sons, of Birmingham, have just brought

out several novelties in lamps, and the engraving we 'give

below is one of their latest productions. Their newest

invention is the " Automatic Lighter," which is very simple in

construction, and enables the lamp to be lit without removing
the globe. It can be fixed to any ordinary lamp by any
inexperienced person, no solder being required for that pur
pose. We give an illustration of the same, and the following

"automatic lighter."

instructions for its use ; — When trimming lamp, leave the
wicks a little above the top of wick tubes. Use wax matches
of good quality and with large heads. After taking off extin-
guisher, place a wax match in brass holder, and with thumb of
right hand push it sharply up tube, as far as it will go ; steady
the lamp with left hand. This operation will ignite the head
of match and light lamp. The instant lamp is lighted, press
the brass lever, when holder and match will drop from lamp.

A NEW LAMP.

The oil-container should be filled up with oil before each time
of burning. After lighting turn flames low for a minute, and
then regulate to required height. Thin matches must be
inserted at one end of the holder, and thick ones at the other.
Should an irregular or imperfect match cause a misfire,
release it, and force it up a second time. Te ensure the wsll-
buming and working of the lamp, the whole of the interior

Not. 1, 1881.

THE JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWIN& MACHINE GAZETTE.

parts should be thoroughly cleaned twice a year, by taking out
the lever-pin ; the extinguisher and perforated plate may be
removed.

LEVEES' PATENT BOOT-CLEANING MACHINE.
A new machine for "japanning ti-otter cases" — to use the
language of the Artful Dodger — has just been patented by
Messrs. J. Eotheroe and Co., 47 and 48, King William-street,
London. We give an illustration of the same. It will be seen
by it that it consists of a concave set of brushes, which are set
in motion by the movement of the treadle on the stand below.
The boots or shoes are held on the table so as to come under
the revolving surface of the bnishes. The boots are cleaned

BOOT OLEANINQ MACHINE.

from all dirt by the first brush, and then passed on to the
second, which is fitted with a blacking reservoir. This can be
opened and the boot blacked without stopping the machine,
and it is so arranged that no waste can possibly occur, while
at the same time allowing the operator to put on as much as
he may desire. The third brush is for polishing, and a few
revolutions of the same produce a brilliant polish. The time
occupied for cleaning one pair of boots is one minute, two boots
being operated oa at the same time. No matter what is the
size of the boot, large and small can be cleaned with equal
facility. No last or accessories are required with this
machine, and owing to its simple construction there is little
fear of its getting out of order.

IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES.

Messieurs Andre and Legrand, of Lyons, have through iheir
agent, Mr. Chas. Henderson, of 6, Southampton-buildings,
obtained Letters Patent for improvements in gas stoves. The
features of novelty in the improved gas stove the subject of
the present invention consists in adapting to the lower part of
the stove an undulated or smooth cone in form of a parabola,
permitting of the reflection of the ligbt and heat given by the
burning gas. In order to prevent any smell of the burning
gas, to the upper part of the stove a disc of refractory brick is
applied, absorbing the heat and smell, or at the side of the
stove may also be adapted a pipe for the escape of the burnt
gas.

AN IMPROVED IRONING MACHINE.

An improved ironing machine has been invented by Mr.
WUliam Stephen Clark and Robert Davenport, of Manchester.
The invention consists in an improved arrangement and com-
bination of machinery, whereby coats and other articles of
clothing may be rapidly and efficiently pressed and ironed.
They make use of a light frame, on the top of which they fix a
headstook, carrying one shaft in fixed bearing and another
shaft in swing bearings. On each of these shafts is a hollow
drum or roller, the peripheries of which run in contact or
almost in contact with each other ; the adjustable roller fixed

on the shaft in swing bearings is heated. The two shafts are
geared together by spur wheels, and motion is communicated
to them by a treadle orotherwise, and they employ a pinion, con-
nected to a fly wheel, to reduce the speed. One end of the con-
necting rod works on a stud on the fly wheel and the other end
on the crank pin. The roller on the shaft working in fixed
bearings projects slightly above a table, and above this roller
is the adjustable roUer, which is raised or lowered to give the
desired pressui-e by a hand wheel and screw fitted on the
bracket or sleeve carrying the swing bearings. The article to
be pressed or ironed is passed over the table between these two
rollers ; one end of the table swings on a quadrant, so that it
may be kept level or lowered at any angle to allow the work
to fall off. The pipe which conveys the gas to heat the adjust-
able roller is connected to the swing bearing by a bracket.
Provisional protection has been taken out for this invention.

IMPROVED KNIFE-CLEANING MACHINE.

Mr. Henry Courteen, of Clapham-road, S.W., has obtained
letters patent for "improvements in apparatus for cleaning
and polishing knives." This is a simple and economical
machine, so arranged whereby all the objections more or less
attendant upon the use of two cylinders or rollers as cleaning
surfaces are obviated, whilst facility is also afforded for
effectually cleaning the hollow of the shoulder. According to
this invention, he uses two rollers covered with any suitable
rubbing or cleaning surface, and mounted in fixed or adjust-
able bearings. The surfaces of the rollers in this apparatus,
unlike the rollers heretofore employed, are not required to be
in actual contact with each other. These rollers may revolve
in the same or in opposite directions, and be driven at a higher
speed than heretofore by gearing or otherwise. One of the
pair of rollers is by preference of considerably smaller
diameter than the other, it being in fact small enough to enter
and clean the hollow of the shoulder or bolster of the blade,
whilst the other or main cleaning and polishing roller may be
of any desired diameter. The small roller is conveniently
disposed with regard to the axis of the larger or main roller as
to constitute a fulcrum, whereby the pressure of the blade
(introduced point-foremost between the two rollers, and moved
to-and-f ro longitudinally by hand or otherwise against either
or both their surfaces) can be regulated to any desired amount
by simply raising or depressing the handle of the knife. Any
suitable cleaning or polishing powder may be supplied to the
rollers in a self-acting or other manner either from above or
below.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WASHING LINEN.

Mr. John Hughes, of West Bromwich, Stafford, has invented
several improvements in connection with machinery for wash-
ing linen. The apparatus consists of a hollow foot, circular in
figure, afl-i- slightly conical. The extreme lower part of the
foot is nearly cylindrical, portions of the cylindrical part
being cut away at regular intervals, so that the foot is sup-
ported on the uncut away parts. The cut away parts may
amount to three-fourths of the cylindrical part. In the centre
of the foot is an opening surmounted by a vertical pipe, which
at top is turned at right angles, or may be made to incline
slightly downwards, or the top of the pipe may be provided
with a series of openings arranged around it. In using the
apparatus it is placed in the open boiler or copper in which
the linen or other fabric or material is to be washed, together
with the washing water and soap, or other cleansing material.
The linen is then put into the boiler. On the heating of the
boiler and its contents the apparatus determines a steady
circulation of the heated water. The water in contact with the
bottom of the boiler being highly heated, expands, and rising
through the central tube, is discharged at its top. The
heated water thus delivered on the top of the linen descends
through the linen to the bottom of the boiler, passing through
the cut away parts on the edge of the foot to the central and
hottest part of the boiler. As the water again becomes highly
heated it again presses up the vertical central pipe, and thus a
continuous circulation of the heated water takes place, which
results in the eiBcient washing of the linen or other fabric or
article in the boiler. Mr. Hughes has taken out provisional
protection for this invention,

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1, 1881.

NOVELTIES IN SKATES.
There is little fear of so healthy, so enjoyable an amusement
as skating becoming discarded. Every winter brings with it
more skaters, and it is not an amusement dependent on
fashion for its popularity, but one enjoyed by the million —
rich and poor — there is no doubt that each succeeding winter
win see an increase of skaters. So soon as we are visited with
a, few days' frost, and long ere the ice is pronounced safe,
many thousands of adventurous skaters are skating on ponds
and lakes. Some, Hke Bob Sawyer and Mr. Benjamin Allen,
perform spread eagles, inside and outside edges, and other
mystic evolutions j some have to be content with the humbler
plain-skating, while many, like Mr. Winkle, have an inclina-
tion to poise their heels in the air and their head on the ice.
Butno matter, whether they glide gracefully, waddle awkwardly,
or fall down as qmckly as they rise, they all thoroughly enjoy

THE STAHDAKD SKATE.

themselves and use to the utmost advantage every hour of
skating weather.

Of course, the great drawback to tke retail dealer in skates
is the uncertainty ^f the weather. He may have purchased a
large stock in the hopes of a good skating season, and the
weather may turn out mild, and the skates wUl be on his
hands till the next winter, locking up capital. This, however,
is about the only thing agaiast it. The public rarely purchase
their skates till an hour before they want to use them, and at
such times there is necessarily a " rush," and fancy prices are
often obtained for them. The dealer in domestic apphances
should certainly sell these articles, and, if bought with dis-
cretion, they will, in the winter, prove to be what is vulgarly
termed, " a good spec." It is, of course, impossible to foretell
what the coming winter wiU be Kke, but judging from the
past few wmters and grandmotherly propiiecymgs, which are

LADIES' BKATE.

very often true, we have reason to expect anything but a
winter of mildness. Skates are sold in large quantities by
many of the Hounsditch warehouses, but none are made in
London. Sheffield is the centre of the skate trade, although
they are manufactured in small quantities in other towns.
The " Standard " skate, which is used by the " National Skat-
ing Association," is supposed to be perfection, so far as possible.
The committee of this association found that, owing to the
want of intercourse between experienced skaters and manu-
facturers, the wants of the former were not properly supplied.
They then, in conference with leading manufacturers, decided
on a suitable design for " running " skates, and agreed to
allow the approved manufacturers the right to make the same
and stamp them with their brands, provided the materials used
were up to the necessary standard of excellence. Messrs. Col-
quhoun and Cadman, of Sheffield, have produced a skate which

embodies all the essential points of the Association's specifica-
tions. In this skate, of which we give an engraving, the steel
screw is driven through the toe of the skate, on to which the
blade is hooked, instead of, as usual, being boxed into the
wood, thus preventing the skate from splitting or the blade
from getting loose. Steel screws are driven from underneath
through the body of the wood, and thus replace the steel
spikes usually embedded in the sole of the skate, which so often
breaks off. The skate is of superior finish and of excellent
workmanship. When the committee of the association have
decided as to the plan of affixing Jbrands, this skate will duly
bear the stamp of the National Skating Association. We also
present our readers with engravings of Messrs. Coloquhoun

' SWIFTSURE. '

and Cadman' s "London Club Skate," especially adapted foi
figure skating, and also their ladies' skate, with plated heel-
cap, especially made for affording strength to those of the fair
sex who may be troubled with weak ankles.

One of the latest novelties in skates, is made by Mr. W. E.
Hart, Bricklin Foundry, Wolverhampton. It is called the
" Swifture," and we present an engraving of the same. As
will be seen, it is a skeleton metal skate, its blades are of steel
or of a combination of iron and steel, which the manufacturer
claims to be the most enduring of all metals. The treadles of
the skates are made of brass or gun metal ; it is attached to
the foot by straps and a screw in the heel. The " Svnfture "

LONDON CLUB BKATE.

is made at various prices to suit the pocket of the purchaser,
and can be had nickel-plated if desired.

American skates are imported very largely into England,
and for information of our readers we may mention the firm
of H. B. Wyatt and Co., of City Buildings, Liverpool, and 2,
Star-court, Bread-street, London, aa being engaged in that
trade. They import the well-known "Acme" Skate, and also
Coomb's Lever, the latter being much used in America. Other
manufacturers of skates are Messrs. Eocker[and Co., 74, Byre-
street, Sheffield, and Mr. P. Harris, Ontario Works, South-
street, Moor, Sheffield, both houses making skates to suit the
million. Other names and addresses we shall be happy to give
in this journal to any readers desirous of knowing the same.

A NEW BUTTON-HOLE ATTACHMENT.

Mr. John K. Harris, of Springfield, Ohio, has recently
patented a novel and comparatively simple construction of
button-hole worker, apphcable to the ordinary sewing
machines, which for neat and substantial work, bids fair to
greatly extend the use of this class of devices. In its general
organization it comprises a cloth clamp, that holds the cloth
and oscillates it under the needle at right angles to the line of
feed, first on one side of the centre line, and then (after shifting
its position at the end) returns on the other side of the centre
line, which centre line is then opened or cut with a knife to
disconnect the two lines of stitching and form the button-hole.
The cloth clamp is oscillated by a connection with the needle-
bar of the machine. The prominent feature of the invention
is to be found in causing the lateral oscillation of the cloth
clamp to be converted directly into a secondary intermittent
progressive feed longitudinally with the button-hole, by the
direct impingement of the cloth clamp against an adjustable
stop or resistance that causes the cloth clamp to react and
move longitudinally, the length of feed and depth of stitch
having always an automatic correlation to each other. This,
in connection with the other features of the device, gives s

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE

nicety of adjustment and acoviraoy of work that must be seen
to be fully appreciated. Mr. Harris has also patented other
constructions aiming at analogous results.

IMPROVEMENTS IN CAEPET-SWEEPING MACHINES.
Mr. John Henry Johnson, 47, Lincoln's- Inn -fields, has
taken out letters patent for an improvement in carpet-cleaning
machines on behalf of Mr. "Wm. McArthur, of Philadelphia.
The main objects of this machine are improvements to increase
the capacity of the machine to insure the carrying off of the
dust as it is beaten from the carpet, and to destroy any insects
or vermin with which the carpet may be infested. In carrying
out this invention the machine generally consists of opposite
side frames, between which is a box or casing extending from
one side frame to the other, and enclosing a beating chamber,
in which are bearings for a beater shaft; the latter projects
from one side of the machine, and has a pulley for the recep-
tion of a belt from a pulley on the main driving shaft. The
beater shaft is ribbed, and each rib carries a number of beater
straps, which are preferably made of a material similar to that
of which rubber belting is made, the number of ribs on the
shaft, and the number and arrangement of straps on each rib
being varied as circumstances may suggest. Within the
chamber, and extending across the lower portion of the same,
is an elastic bed composed, for example, of wire, one portion of
this elastic bed consisting of longitudinal wires only, while the
other portion is composed of both longitudinal and transverse
wires. On the last mentioned portion of the bed is arranged a
coil of pipes, through which live steam is caused to circulate,
and beneath the first mentioned portion of the bed, and in
proximity to the inner side of the casing, is a coil of pipes
also constracted for permitting the circulation of steam.
In one end of the chamber is a rotary fan, which is carried by
a sleeve on the beater shaft, the sleeve having a puUey which
receives a belt from a pulley on a counter shaft ; a belt from,
another pulley on this shaft passes round a pulley on another
shaft adapted to bearinfrs in the frames, and having arms
with brushes, the rotary brush being contained in a chamber
provided for the purpose. The carpet passes over an inclined
table or bed, and thence through the beating chamber, bein
supported by one portion of the elastic bed, and by the coU c
steam pipes resting on the other portion of the bed, the carpe'
after issuing from the chamber, passing over the brush chambe
and its brush, whence it passes between feed rolls, which ar
provided with rings of rubber or equivalent elastic materia'
whereby the proper feeding of the carpet is effected withov
pressing down the piled surface of the same. The end of th
beater chamber opposite that in which the fan is arrange
communicates with a chimney, with which also may commun;
cate the brush chamber. As the carpet first enters the maohin
and passes over one portion of the elastic bed, it is subjecte
to the action of the heat radiated from the pipes beneath i
and in order to obtain the full effect of this radiation, th
inventor provides the casing behind the pipes with a lining c
bright metal or a similar reflecting sui-face. The carpet the
passes over the other steam pipes, and during its passage, an
while directly in contact with and subjected to the full force (
the heat from the pipes it is beaten by the straps of the beatei
shaft. The heat to which the carpet is subjected while bein
beaten insures the kiUing of moths or other insects or vermi
with which the carpet may be infested. The dust and dij
beaten from the carpet are carried to and through the chimne
by the blast of air which is caused to pass through the beitt
chamber by the action of the fan, no dust escaping into tl
room in which the machine is situated. The fan being carrie
by a sleeve independent of the beater-shaft, can be driven t
any desired speed in respect to the shaft, thus overcoming a
objection ti machines in which the fan is secured to the beatei
shaft, in which case the beater-shaft has sometimes to I
driven at so low a speed as to prevent the proper action of tl
fan. As the carpet leaves the beating chamber it is subjecte.
to the action of the brush, whereby the loose dust on the face
of the carpet is removed. The carpet may be caused to pass
through the machine at as rapid a rate as is desired, the speed
depending upon the amount of beating to which it is desired to
subject the carpet.

FIRE IN THE "WHEELER AND WILSON SEWING
MACHINE FACTORY, BRIDGEPORT, CONN.

A fire broke out in the japanning department of the above
factory on the 1st ult. The fiames spread rapidly, and
destroyed that department of the bmlding. There has been
great loss to the building, stock, and machinery. The fire is
supposed to have been occasioned by the carelessness of an
operator looking for a leakage of turpentine with a lighted
lamp in his hand.

THE STORAGE OF ELECTRICITY.
The following is the description of the apparatus now suc-
cessfully used for the storage of electricity. The inventor,
M. Carriere, terms his storage apparatus a thermophere, and
describes it as a box fiUed with layers of thin metal, which
contain the heat, and which are covered and separated from
each other so as to retain it until needed. The sheets of metal
are composed of some composite which has a remarkable
affinity for heat, without melting. This composition has not
been made public, but it is supposed to be a fusion of iridium
and platinum. For covering and separating the metal receivers,
fine silk, saturated with a preparation of liquid oxygen is used,
and this is said to entirely close all possible escape of any degree
of heat. The receivers are then packed in a box, as many and
as close as desired, and the box set on one side, ready for use.
To secure the original supply of heat, M. Carriere makes use
of the natural heat force of the sun, concentrating it by means
of polished mirrors to a focus on the plate receivers, placed
upon saturated sUk protectors, which prevent any of the heat
from escaping below during the receiving process. As soon as
the desired degree of heat has been attained, a counter satu-
rated cover is folded over the plate and the latter placed in
the box receptacle. It will be seen that the process is, easy and
inexpensive, while, if the inventor can do all he claims, and his
story is partially borne out by the testimony of others, it is
evident that a new source of power has been developed, which
is one of equal value with that of electricity, and which possesses
the great advantage of being practically inexhaustible.

THE JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE COVENTRY BICYCLE AND TEICYCLE TEADB.

{From Our Own Correspondent.)
It has often puzzled me why bicycles, and, indeed, tricycles,
should have chosen as the seat of their manufacture the city
of Godiva and the three spires. In the legendry and cleanly
city of Coventry are manufactured, it is true, many articles :
watches, ribbons, and elastic web hail from that city, but one
cannot see much affinity between either of these articles and
the ' ' iron steed ' ' which in many thousands are now mad«
there. One would have thought that Birmingham, with its
plant and skilled labour, instead of being of minor importance
so far as the bicycle trade is concerned, would have been at
the top of the tree. At the present moment the bicycle trade
of Coventry is gradually slackening off, and many large manu-
facturers are dismissing the hands they can best dispense with.
This is not an unusual occurrence at this time of the year, nor
are there so many out of work now as there were this time
last year. The demand for both tricycles and bicycles of
Coventry manufacture has been extremely good throughout
the spring and summer seasons, and to meet the increased
demand many manufacturers have secured additional plant and
premises. The tricycle trade is now better than the bicycle,
and shows every sign, judging from its past steady trade, of
enduring throughout the winter in much the same state as it
now is. The orders in hand are chiefly for the home trade ;
the export is not so busy. There is nothing to report as to
prices, no change being made except, I hear, one firm are now
most unnecessarily " cutting." I earnestly trust they may
think better of the course they are taking, for, if followed by
other manufacturers, it will ruin what is now a sound, healthy
trade. Messrs. BayHss, Timms and Co. are, I believe, working
only short time ; their bicycle trade i-s quiet, but for tricycles
they have good orders. Messrs. Starley Bros., Hillman,
Herbert and Cooper, and many other fii-ms are now busy
making stock for next season, and in tricycles many minor
improvements are being made. A large factory has just been
taken in this city for the manufacture of Harrington's enamel.
This article is much in favour with bicycle and tricycle manu-
facturers, and will next year be most extensively iised.

done no good. Mr. Stracey, of the Early Closing Association,
held that the proposal for legislation was an absurdity. He
reproached the shop assistants for not contributing to the
Early Closing Association, which could have helped them in
this matter. This was not at all relished by the audience, and
there was a general fight, the meeting breaking up in the
greatest disorder.

DOMESTIC LABOUR-SAVING MACHINERY AT THE
BREWERS' EXHIBITION.
fBy our own Beporter.J
There is no class of people to whom all kinds of labour-
saving appliances are so welcome as they are to hotel keepers
and publicans. I was therefore somewhat surprised that a
greater quantity of such exhibits were not to be seen in the
Agricultural Hall, where the exhibition was held a few days
ago. A large space for the display of gas cooking stoves was
well filled by Meisrs. H. and C. Davis, 200, Camberwell-
road, S.E. A complete grilling stove, with hot closet under
and gas hot plate on top suitable for cooking, in sight of the
customer, particularly attracted our attention. Messrs. Michel
and Co., of 471, Oxford-street, W., showed several gas stoves
for warming publichouse bars and for supplying hot water
for use in the same, for keeping hot such articles as sausages
and potatoes. These were nickel-plated and of ornamental
design. Several novelties in gas cooking apparatus were
shown by Messrs. Thomas Hogben and Co., 3, City-road, E.C.
A cheap and effective roaster, called the "Adelaide," was
shown amongst their exhibits, and we also noticed a new
muller, termed the "Combination," with compartments for
tea, coffee, milk, ale, stout, and water, and which was also
fitted with warmers for the modest " sausages and mashed " —
about the only food that most publichouses can be relied on
to furnish. How is it that in England there is such facility
for obtaining drink and so little for obtaining food ? The
Sunlight Stove and Utensils Co., 19, Blackfriars-street, Man-
chester, exhibited the "Sunlight" Cooking Stove and other
warming and cooking stoves. For warming bedrooms or
riassages by gas they showed a novelty made of tin, it is in the
'orm of an eccentric cowl, with a burner fitted under. A good
collection of knife-cleaning machinery and sausage machines
ivas shown by the Davis " Excelsior" Knife-cleaning Machine
Co., 62, Leadenhall-street, E.G., and Mr. Harry Hunt, of
^^tolie Newington Green, N., showed several specimens of the
i-ntiohracite coal-burning stoves. Filters were repre-
iented by the exhibits of the Silicated Carbon Filter
;:!o., of Battersea, and Mr. P. A. Maignen, 23, Tower-
itreet, E.C. The table filters of the former con-
;ain an improvement for cleaning the carbon and
for using as a pocket filter. In addition to the filters specially
idapted for brewers, Mr. P. A. Maignen exhibited several
lovelties for home and for tourists. Several improved check
tills were to be seen in the Hall, one exhibited by Mr. Wenn,
itted with electric wires, attracted much attention. Mr. Jas.
iinclair, 104, Leadenhall-street, exhibited Boyce's Till, which
lot only shows the coin taken from the customer, but registers
he same as well, and by a very ingenious arrangement the
akings of different hours can be put into different draws,
learing once a day being all that is necessary. For moulding
he crust of those mysterious, doabtful delicacies, known aa
.)ork pies, Mr. John Bate showed a very useful machine, while
■lessrs. F. and C. Hancock, of Dudley, exhibited a large col-
ection of machines for taking the salt out of butter, kneading
lough, and beating eggs. Messrs. B. Hembry and Co.,
6, Newgate-street, B.C., exhibited some new indiarubber
tair clips, which they state come cheaper than brass, are less
loisy, and more pleasant to walk on ; and last, but not least,
imongst the exhibits we mention the Brush Electric Light
Jompany, who very brilliantly illumine their own and the
.urrounding stalls.

The Boston Exhibition. — The Committee appointed to
consider the feasibility of holding a world's fair Lave decided
in favour of the project, provided that a sum of 5,000,000 dol«.
' can be raised.

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE JOUENA.L OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

The following list has 'been, compiled expressly for the " Sewing
Machine Gazette," by G. F. Redfebn, Patent Agent, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and at Paris and Brussels,

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT :—
No. 3,876. W. K. Lake — a communication from J. B. Anthony,
of Providence, Ehode Island, United States, for
improvements in sewing machines, chiefly de-
signed for the manufacture of boots and shoes.
Dated September, 7, 1881.

„ 3,888. H. Haes, of Wednesbury, Staffordshire, for improve-
ments in and applicable to bicycles. Dated
September 8, 1881.

„ 3,916. R. H. Froude, of Courtland-terraoe, Kensington,
London, for improvements in bicycles. Dated
September 9, 1881.

„ 3,921, W. E. Lake — a communication from J. Gutmann, of
Berlin, Germany, Sewing Machine Manufacturer,
for improvements in button-hole stitching ap-
paratus, designed to serve as an attachment for
sewing machines. Dated September 9, 1881.

„ 3,938. A. Shaw, of Lockwood, near Huddersfield, Yorkshire,
for an improved construction of frame for wash-
ing machines, wringing machines, and sewing
macliinee. Dated September 12, 1881.

„ 3,947. G. M. F. Molesworth, of Northdown Hall, Biddeford,
Devonshire, for improvements in and relating to
velocipedes, partly applicable to other purposes.
Dated September 12, 1681.

M 3,970. G. Asher, of Birmingham, Designer and Pattern
Maker, for an improvement relating to peram-
bulators and similar vehicles, applicable also to
other useful purposes. Dated September 14,
1881.

„ 3,977. A. J. Boult — a communication from J. Jarlan, of
Toulouse, France, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated September 15, 18S1.

j> 4,023. R. H. Brandon — a communication from the Morley
Sewing Machine Company, C. A. Sinclair, Trea-
surer, of Holyoke, Massachusetts, United States,
for improvements in the method of stitching
lapped and butted seams, and of stitching shank
buttons on to fabrics. Dated September 19,
1881.

„ 4,032. C. A. Snow — a communication from P. G. Altman
and F. Pommer, both of Edina, Missouri, United
States, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated September 19, 1881.

„ 4,051. E. E. Settle, of Coventry, for improvements in
driving mechanism for velocipedes. Dated
September 20, 1881.

„ 4,063. A. M. Clark— a communication from M. T. Foote, of
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for an
improvement in hair-pins. Dated September

21, 1881.

„ 4,073. A. W. L. Eeddie — a communication from L. G. Blood,
of New York, United States, for improvements
in show-cases for needles and other merchandise.
Dated September 21, 1881.

„ 4.091. J. Adams, of Camberwell, London, Engineer, tct
improvement in tricycles and in the mode of
steering or guiding the same. Dated September

22, 1881.

„ 4,106. J. E. Leeson, of Oldham, Lancashire, Clerk, for im-
provements in lamps for bicycles and other
velocipedes and in apparatus connected there-
with. Dated September 23, 1881.

i, 4,121. T. E. Heath, jr., of Penarth, Glamorganshire, South
Wales, for improved means of and apparatus fo"-
driving bicycles and other velocipedes. Dated
September 24, 1881.

No. 4,122. L. A. Groth — a communication from F. Praunegger,
of Gratz, Austria, for a new or improved pocket
combination knife, fork, and spoon. Dated
September 24, 1881.

„ 4,143. J. Renals — a communication from J. Steiger, of
Herisau, Switzerland, for improvements in the
production of embroidery. Dated September 26,
1881.

,, 4,150. P. MoUvenna, of Liverpool and Manchester, Manu-
facturer of Shop Fittings, for improvements in
and relating to apparatus for displaying cloth
and other articles in shop windows and other
places. Dated September 27, 1881.

„ 4,167. J. F. Walters, of Queen's-road, Bayswater, London,
for improvements in bicycle springs and saddle
combined. Dated September 27, 1881.

„ 4,206. T. W. Walker, of Hanley, for improvements in
apparatus to be used in the washing of clothes
and fabrics. Dated September 29, 1881.

„ 4,215. W. H. McNary, of Brooklyn, United States, for im-
provements in knitting machinery and in the
production thereby of knitted fabrics of a novel
character. Dated September 29, 1881.

„ 4,264. G. Schultz, Clerk, and W. Harrison, Machinist, both
of Manchester, for improvements in tricycles,
parts of which improvements are applicable to
carriages and vehicles. Dated October 1, 1881.

„ 4,269. F. Cutlan, of Cardiff, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated October 1, 1881.

„ 4,302. J. E. Surridge, of Wiudlesham, Surrey, for improve-
ments in bicycles. Dated October 4, 1881.

„ 4,317. T. Warwick, of Aston, near Birmingham, Manufac-
turer, for improvements in bicycles, tricycles, and
other velocipedes. Dated October 4, 1881.

„ 4,319. J. A. Lamplugh, of Birmingham, Manufacturfer, for
improvements in bicycles. Dated October 4,
1881.

„ 4,330. W. E. Lake — a communication from S. Peberdy, of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, for
improvements in the manufacture of knitting
machine needles. Dated October 5, 1881.

„ 4,351. H. Simon — a communication from F. B. Kbhler, of
Chemnitz, Saxony, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated October 6, 1881.

„ 4,363. H. J. Haddan — a communication from the Universal
Knitting Machine Company of Ontario, Limited,
of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, for improvements
in knitting machines. Dated October 7, 1881.

„ 4,364. A. Phillips, of Birmingham, Velocipede Manufac.
turer, for improvements in velocipedes. Dated
October 7, 1881.

„ 4,382. C. H. Brassmgton, of Manchester, Manager of
Perambulator Works, for improvements in
perambulators. Dated October 8, 1881.

„ 4,385. J. S. Edge, junior, of Birmingham, Mechanical Engi-
neer, for improvements in bicycles, tricycles, and
other velocipedes. Dated October 8, 1881.

„ 4,392. S. Fingland, of Hawick, Roxburgh, North Britain,
Hosiery Manufacturer, for improvements in
knitting machinery. Dated October 10, 1881.

Letters Patent have been issued for the following : —
No. 533. W. Mickelwright, of Shepherd's-bush, and A. G.
Gladwyn, of Hammersmith, both in London, for
improvements in or applicable to bicycles, tri-
cycles, and other similar machines. Dated Feb.
8, 1881.

„ 1,035. H. Courteen, of Clapham-road, London, Engineer, for
improvements in apparatus for cleaning and
polishing knives. Dated March 10, 1881.

„ 1,164. B. Hunt — a communication from J. Bond, junior, and
C. M. Swain, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States, for certain improvements in lock-
stitch sewing machines. Dated March 17, 1881.

„ 1,318. C. T. Bastand, of Albany-road, Camberwell, Lon-
don, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated March 24, 1881.

„ 1,402. J. Kettle, of Manor House, Stepney-green, London,
Modeller, for improvements in stands or supports
for supporting costumes or other articles.
Dated March 30, 1881.

„ 1,431. W. Morgan Brown— a communication from H.
Schuerer, of Werdova, Saxony, for improve

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1, 1881.

ments in knitting macliinery. Dated April 1,
1881.
No. 1,490. W. E. Lake — a communication from Messieurs
Corral, Tejado et Corbera, of Madrid, Spain, for
the manufacture of an improved fibrous
material from a vegetable production. Dated
April 5, 1881.

,1 1,498. K. Kerr, of Paisley, Renfrew, North Britain, Manu-
facturer, for improvements in cabinets or cases
for containing assortments of thread, spools, or
bobbins, or similar articles. Dated April 6,
1881.

„ 1,615. J. G. Wilson — a communication from A. M. Leslie, of
Chicago, Illinois, Publisher, and the Teller
Manufacturing Company, Manufacturers, of
Cleveland, Ohio, both in the United States, for
improvements in sewing machines. Dated
April 13, 1881.

„ 1,617. F. Keyrich and F. Quenstedt — a communication from
the Aotiengesellschatt, vorm : Frister und Eoss-
mann, of Berlin, Germany, for improvements in
or connected with sewing machines. Dated
April 13, 1381.

„ 1,657 W. Thacker, of Nottingham, for improvements in the
manufacture of fabrics in knitting and other
machinery employed in the manufacture of
knitted or looped fabrics, and in machinery
or apparatus employed therein. Dated April 14,
1881.

„ 1,663. L. Silverman, of Westminster, London, Draughtsman,
and J. E. Cuming, of Ilford, Essex, Foreman
Tailor, for improvements in sewing machines.
Dated April 14, 1881.

„ 1,678. J. H. Eiley, of Bury, Lancashire, for improvements in
machinery or apparatus for removing vegetable
fibre from woollen fabrics. Dated AprU 16, 1881.

„ 1,799. G. Burt, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, for improve-
ments in lamps for bicycles and other veloci-
pedes. Dated April 26, 1881.

„ 1,864. J. E. Hatch, of CamberweU, London, for an improved
velocipede or monocycle. Dated April 29, 1881.

„ 2,633. N. Eraser, of Arbroath, Forfarshire, North Britain,
Manufacturer, for improvements in plaiting
fibrous or other flexible materials, such as strands,
threads, yarns, slivers, bands, or wires, and in
machinery therefor. Dated June 16, 1881.

„ 3,263. H. J. Haddan — a communication from F. Bittner, of
Eemsoheid, Germany, for improvements in skate
attachments. Dated July 26, 1881.

„ 3,269. J. Bradley, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States,
Knitter, for improvements in circular knitting
machines. Dated July 26, 1881.

„ 3,295. T. Lawson, of Leeds, Machine Maker, for improve-
ments in machinery for spinning yarns from flax,
hemp, and other fibres. Dated July 27, 1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 8,393. W. Pairweather, of Manchester, Engineer, for im-
provements in sewing machines for edging,
fringing, and producing ornamental stitches.
Dated August 28, 1878.

„ 3,510. J. H. Johnson — a communication from W. Fried-
berger, of Philadelphia, United States, for im-
provements in machines for sewing straw braid
and similar articles, which improvements are also
partly applicable to mechanical motions for
other purposes. Dated September 4, 1878.

„ 3,612. J. Harrington, of Eyde, Isle of Wight, for improve-
ments in alarm apparatus for bicycles and other
velocipedes. Dated September 5, 1878.

„ 3,749. W. H. J. Grout, of Watson-street, Stoke Newington,
London, Engineer and Bicycle Manufacturer,
for improvements in bicycles, tricycles, and other
velocipedes, and in receptacles for the same.
Dated September 21, 1878.

„ 3,818. A. L. Fyfe, of Aldersgate-etreet, London, for im-
provements in ladies' dress-holders or suspenders.
Dated September 27, 1878.
, 3,827. B. A. Joule, of Sale, Cheshire, for improvements in
the construction of tricycles. Dated September
28, 1878.
u 3,858. E. Harrington, of Wolverhampton, Bicycle Manu-
facturer, for improvements in velocipedes, partly

applicable also to other purposes. Dated
October 1, 1878.

3,059. E. Belshaw, of Nottingham, for improvements in ma-
chinery and apparatus applicable to circular
machines for making elastic looped fabrics.
Dated September 7, 1874.

3,183. L. L. Atwood — a communication from H. B. Townsend,
of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for an
improved button-hole stitching apparatus for
sewing machines. Dated September 17, 1874.

3,263. J. Mountain, of Birmingham, Machinist, for certain
improvements in sewing machines. Dated
September 22, 1874.

3,262. W. F. Thomas, of Cheapside, London, for improve-
ments in sewing machines. Dated Sept»mber
24, 1874.
Spioitications Published Dubino thk Month.
Po$tage Id. each extra.

No. 399. E. Buckley, apparatus for steaming textile fabrics
„ 488. H. M. Knight, stooking and sock suspenders ...

„ 450. A. M. Clark, sewing machines ...

„ 466. A. M. Clark, apparatus for bucking, washing, and

bleaching linen, &o. ... ...

J. White and G. Davies, bicycles, tricycles, 4c.
W. S. Clark and E. Davenport, clothiers' pressing

and ironing machine...
J. G. Dowd, facilitating the cutting out of ladies'

and children's dresses, Ac. ...

N. Tupholme, mangling and wringing maohinea

H. G. H. Berkeley, bicycles, 4c. ...

J. H. Gosling, bicycles, tricycles, &c

E. Macaulay and J. Ballintine, gas heated

smoothing irons

J. H. Palmer, bicycles, &c.... ...

H. J. Swindley, bicycles, 4o. ...

A. Kirby, velocipedes, &c. ...

A. Anderson and G. Browning, sewing machines

J. Harrington, tricycles and bicycles

J. H. Smith, knitting machines

G. G. M. Vernum, bicycles, tricycles, 4o.

753.. G. W. Ash, bicycles

754. G. Singer and A. W. Metcalfe, bicycles, &c. ...
J. Booth, manufacture of knitted or looped

fabrics ...

J. and J. C. Buckley, apparatus for pressing,

smoothing, and finishing garments, 4o. ...

H. H. Lake, sewing machinery, &c

L. Appleton, machinery for cleaning knives ...
W. and H. Smith and S. Steel, machinery for

combing wool, &c. ... ...

T. Humber, T. E. Marriott, and F. Cooper,

wheels for bicycles, &c

J. and C. E. Challis, velocipedes, &c.

J. F. M. Pollock, pressing and ironing mashines

J. Hop wood, velocipedes ...

512.
631.

570.

689.
594.
604.
619.

638.
668.
671.
677.
679.
703.
729,

756.

763.

848.
860.
878.

891.

911.
920.
929.

Nsw MiTHOD or Inlatins Wood. — A new method of inlaying
wood has been eontrived by a furniture manufacturing house in
England. The process is as follows : A veneer of the same wood
as that which the design to be inlaid consists — say sycamore — is
glued entirely over the surface o! any hard wood, such as Ameri-
cun walnut, and allowed to dry thoroughly. The design is then
cut out of a zinc plata about one-twentieth of an inch in thickness,
and placed upon the veneer. The whole is now subjected to the
action of steam, and made to travel between to powerful cast-
iron rollers of eight inches in diameter by two feet long— two
above and two below — which may be brought within any distanae
of each other by screws. The enormous pressure to which the
zinc plate is subjected forces it completely into the veneer, and
the veneer into the solid wood beneath it, while the zinc curls up
out of the matrix it has thus formed and comes away easily. All
that now remains to be done is to plane down the veneer left
untouched by the zine until a thin shaving is taken off the portion
forced into the walnut, when, the surface being perfectly smooth
the operation will be completed. It might be supposed that the
result of this forcible compression of the two woods would leave a
ragged edge, but this is not the case, the joint being so singularly
perfect as to be unappreoiable to the touch; indeed, the inlaid
wood fits more accurately than by the process of fitting, matching,
and filling up with glue, as is practised in the ordinary mode of
inlaying.

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dissolutions of Paktneeships.

Sellers, J., and Sons, Arnndel-street, Sheffield, and New York,

cutlery manufacturers. May 15, 1880. Debts by John Sellers.
Bly and Vikress, Great Yarmoutli, manufacturing ironmongers.

October 4.
Richards and Evans, Woodfield-street, Morriston, furnishing' and

general ironmongers. October 8. Debts by Daniel Evans.
Sandeman, G., and Co., High-street, Borough, ironmonger.

September 30.

Liquidations by AmiANaEMENT.

Davey, Thomas, Wigan, late Pemberton, near Wigan, ironmonger,
&o. September 29.

Butcher, Alfred Robert, Wellingborough, ironmonger, &c.
October 8.

Jones, Thomas, Cawdor's-terrace, Newcastle Emlyn, Carmarthen-
shire, ironmonger. October 11.

Hargreaves, Allen, Tictnria-laue and Dock-street, late Shambles-
lane, Huddersfield, dealer in pictures, bicycles, and machinery.
October 21.

James, William Henry, Gordon-terrace, North Woolwich-road,
late Barnwood - road, both Silvertown, Essex, ironmonger.
October 13.

Parr, Edwin, Brentwood, Essex, ironmonger. October 19.

Stephens, Joseph, trading as Samuel Stephens and Son, Bradford-
street and Mountrath-street, Walsall, and Queen-street, Glasgo-v,
ironmoUf^er and manufacturer of fancy leather goods.
October 19.

County Court Jueoments.

Davis, Joseph, Lower Addiscombe-road, Croydon, ironmonger ;
dfilS lis. 3d. August 19.

Harvie, W., 110, Kirkdale-road, Liverpool, sewing machine dealer ;
.£10 8s. 6d. September 1.

Hayhoe, William, 90, Snow-fields, Bermondsey, sewing machine
dealer; ^£12 18s. 7d. September 3.

Jordan, J.H., Church-street, St. Helen's, Lancashire, ironmonger;
£ie 15s. 2d. September 1.

Luck, A. B., High-pavement, Lewisham, ironmonger ; ^613 78.
August 26.

Weston, C. ¥., Godalming, Surrey, ironmonger ; ^615 I63. 4d;
August 29.

Lloyd, Edwin, Lincoln, ironmonger ; ^615 193. Id. August 24.

Eaison, Hy. Wm., Rochester-row, Westminster, ironmonger ;
£U 5g. 6d. September 5.

Barratt, W., Barrow, Lancashire, ironmonger; Xll 14s. 6d.
September 15.

Jordan, J. H., St. Helen's Lancashire, ironmonger ; ^617 ISs. 4d.
September 19.

Lime, Alexander, Great George-street, Liverpool, ironmonger;
£17 5s. 2d. September 16.

Palmer, Thomas, Victoria Works, Victoria-road, Aston, Warwick-
shire, bicycle manufacturer ;

Palmer, John, Victoria Works, Victoria -road, Aston, Warwick-
shire, bicycle manufacturer; .£12 93. 4d. September 16.

Shapley, J., 27, North-street, Exeter, ironmonger ; .£10 2s. 7d.
September 15.

Hetherington, John, Newcastle, ironmonger, ^616 4s. 5d. Sep-
tember 20.

Hodgson, G. F., Titney, near Grimsby, machinist ; £10 I7s. lOd.
September 29.

Luck, Alexander, Batters, near Post Office, Lewisham, ironmonger ;
jei3 Is. 3d. September 15.

Smith, John, 36, Clifton-road, North Cardiff, ironmonger ;
.£11 143. 4d. September 15.

Bills of Sale.
Barker, Thomas, 21, Helder-road, South Croydon, sewing machine
agent ; £7 10s., &o. In favour of Moses Phillips. Filed Sep-
tember 28.

Lunuon, John, West-street, Great Marlow, Bucks, ironmonger;
^6250. In favour of Wm. Almend. Filed September 26.

Powell, Richard Ebenezer, jun., 25, North-end, Croydon, iron-
monger; jEl,133 9s. 6d. In favour of Richard E. Powell, sen.
Filed September 28.

Roberts, Moses Allen, 70, Clarence-road, Clapton, sewing machine
manufacturer; .£26. In favour of John E. Rowland. Filed
September 29.

Treliving, Samuel John, 9, Ford's-market, Boyd's-road, Canningf
Town, West Ham, Essex, ironmonger, &c. ; d£40, &c. In favour
of Union Deposit Bank. Filed September 30.

Dixon, Arthur, 118, Spotland-road, Rochdale, Lancashire, iron-
monger ; d636, &o. In favour of Albion Loan, &o., Co. Filed
October 8.

Gnbbins, J jseph Payne, 116, Camden-road, Tunbridge Wells, iron-
monger, &c. ; .£42, &c. In favour of Moses Phillips. Filed
October 5.

Knott, Robert, 5, High-street, Le^tonstone, ironmonger, &c. ; X68,
&c. In favour of Thomas Fairhead. Filed October 3.

Muir, Stephen, sen., Frederick-street Works, Heath Town, near
Wolverhampton, Staffs, t>icycle maker, &c. ; ^6170. In favour of
William Beard. Filed October 5.

Lucas, James, 6, Beaconsfield-terrace, Waterworks-road, Trow-
bridge, Wilts, ironmonger; ^630. In favour of James Sumption.
Filed October 15.

Smith, Charles Septimus, trading as C. S. Smith and Co., 80,
Houndsditch, dealer in cutlery, &c.; ^6120, &o. In favour of
Henry Bridger. Filed October 15.

Tate, William Henry, 9, Hessle-road, and corner of St. Thomaa-
terrace, Campbell-street, Hull, ironmonger, &c. ; £45, Ac. In
favour of James F. Townend. Piled September 11.

Taylor, Joshua, 121, King-street, Dukinfield, Cheshire, ironmonger
and machinist; i£200. In favour of Charles Whitehead. FUed
September 15.

Harden, George, The Horse Shoe, Beckley, Sussex, ironmonger,
&c. ; .£40, &c. In favour of Union Aiivance Co. Filed Oct. 22.

Edwards, Blanchard, 22, Suez-terrace, St. James-road, Old Kent-
road, agent for sewing machines; ^61 5 lOs., &c. In favour of
South-Western Loan, &c., Co. Filed October 22.

Meynell, John, Atlas Works, Thornton-le-Beans, Yorks, machine
maker ; £-i57, &c. In favour of Shipley M. Meynell and others.
Filed October 18.

Raines, John, Crescent -road, Dukinfield, Cheshire, machinist;
i£300 mortgage. In favour of Wright Raines. Filed Oct. 21.

The Electric Light and Power Generator Company has
acquired the exclusive use of the Maxim Incandescent and the
Weston Arc systems of electric lights for the United Kingdom,
India, and all British colonies and dependencies excepting
Canada.

The HEBERLmo Machine Company, of 46, Cannon-street,
E.G., we are glad to learn, have met with the success we pre-
dicted for their Tucking and Guaging Machine when first
introduced to our notice some months ago. Owing to the
great demand both here and in America, the supply has hardly
kept pace with it, but the Company have now enl aiged their works
in America, eo as to ensure an output of 300 machines per
week, and have also made arrangements to manufacture the
machine on this side, so that all orders can now be filled as
received, and those of our readers who share in Lady
Bective's views can have a machine of English make. We
hear there are several imitation machines in the market. The
Heberling machine is fully protected by patents, and we
recommend buyers to secure the original article.

Ibish Indtjstbial Exhibition. — The official programme
of the National Exhibition of Irish Manufactures, Arts, Pro-
duce, and Industries, to be held in Dublin next year, has been
issued. It will consist of (1) exhibits of articles manufactured
in Ireland and of Irish raw material ; (2) machines suited to
Irish industries, those made in Ireland being distinguished
from those made in other countries ; (3) an exhibition of works
of art by Irish artists and residents in Ireland; and (4) an
exhibition of a general loan collection of works of art. There
will be no charge for space to exhibitors, and prizes will be
awarded. Local committees are being formed throughout
Ireland to co-operate with the general committee. It has
also been resolved to give practical lectures on Irish manufac-
tures.

THE JOTTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Nov. 1. 1881.

THE

NONE SO SIMPLE,

NONE SO DURABLE,

NONE SO RELIABLE.

Ezamine it Before Purchasing any other.
RENNIGK,KEMSLEY&GO.,^

4.FINSBURY CIRCUS, I.ONDOIf,

AXSO,

jJIelboarne and Sydney.

THOMAS WARWICK

MANTTPACTUHBE OF

By Royal Letters Patent. Ull/Yi/iiU IfLill l!«A>l aIjO
Of every descriiition, Wholesale and for Exportation.

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKER OP WOOLLEY'S PATENT DUPLEX SPEINQ
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OP ALL KINDS.

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingham.

W. HOSIER & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS OF

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles,

Also Perambulators with Bicycle Wheels.

Largest Dealers in tlie World in New and Second-h.and
lyiachines.

8MITHF0RD STREET, COVENTRY.

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

AND

tming Blurjline §ii}tik

WE have this day somewhat altered the title of this
Journal, and it will be henceforth known as The
JotmNAi OF Domestic Appliances ajsto Se"WTNG
Machine Gazette. The fact is, we have had the cart before
the horse for some time past ; to-day we put the horse in its
proper position, in front of the cart, and we now propose to
pursue our journey as usual. When we started this Journal,
some eight years ago, the main object was to represent the
interest of the sewing machine trade, and in a subsidiary
degree those of any interests that might be connected there-
with ; but of late years domestic machinery of all kinds has
acquired so much importance in the household that we have
determined to give it a more important place, while we shall
stUl care as heretofore for all that concerns the manufacture

Nov. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWINQ MACHINE GAZETTE.

and sale of sewing machiiies. The latter trade, during the
years 1876 to 1880, passed through" a very exciting and
litigious phase of its existence; lawsuits of all kinds were
brought both in Chancery and Common Law, and a great
many knotty points had to be settled by the arbitra-
tion of her Majesty's judges. All this has, we tbink^
now passed away. The trade, whijh is as large, or larger,
than ever, has assumed a quieter phase. Manufacturers are
far more anxious to effect sales than to iight lawsuits ; conse-
quently, we have no lengthened legal proceedings to report,
and our chief object and desire is to keep ovir readers well
informed as to the state of trade in the various localities, and
to acquaint them from time to time of any new patents or
inventions that may interest them.

We have found, morsover, that nearly all sewing machine
dealers to-day engage themselves in the sale of other kinds of
domestic labour-saving machinery and appliances for promoting
household comfort. To these last we purpose in future to
devote a considerable portion of our space. Novelties are
constantly being introduced, which we feel sure our readers
will be glad to have brought under their notice as quickly as
possible, for it is usually in the earlier stages of their existence
that novelties of this kind bring the largest amount
of profit to those who deal in them, both to those
who manufacture and those who sell them. "We
feel sure that by the course we have adopted we shall
not only retain our old friends but also make many
new ones. We shall appeal to a larger circle of readers and
have a much larger amount of information to afford them.
We intend in no wise to depart from the lines in which this
journal has hitherto been conducted. That our policy has
met with the approbation of our readers is best evidenced by
the fact that the number of our friends has steadily increased
year by year. We shall follow the same independent course.
Our columns will be still open for impartial discussion of all
matters of interest affecting the Trade, and no trouble or
expense will be spared to obtain for our friends the latest and
most reliable information. We hope for m any years to come
to retain the esteem and confidence of those who have so long
supported us — at all events we shall do our best to deserve it.

It is not uninteresting nor altogether unprofitable to compare
the labour-saving appliances now in use in an average house-
hold with those of a similar establishment fifty years ago.
What an amazing contrast is presented ! Washing machines
were represented by muscle and soap ; knives were cleaned by
insertion in the back garden or by a rub on a board on
which had been sprinkled a little brick dust ; a two
pronged fork and a piece of worsted did duty as a roasting
jack ; sewing machines were unknown ; and ponderous,
ugly grates, constructed one would suppose to devour the most
coal possible, occupied the places that are now assigned to
closed up kitchen ranges, while bachelors' gas stoves, those
compact little departmental contrivances that will in a few
minutes and at one operation boil coffee and cook a steak and
eggs, were, of course, unknown. We should think Charles
Dickens must have seen about one of the earliest of these
bachelor stoves, for in the " Old Curiosity Shop " he describes
the " single gentleman" as having a very similar article that
very much excited the wonder and admiration of Mr. Dick
Swiveller. Carpet - sweepers, egg - beaters, boot - cleaning
machines, are all of recent date. Truly much has been done,
but still there is much household drudgery where machinery or
more modern appliances might step in. Every year domestic
servants seem to become scarcer than ever, and that race of

old-fashioned faithful domestics of which the Peggotty of
"David Copperfield " is an admirable type, has now become
almost as extinct as the Mohicans. Girls of the present day
prefer the scanty pay of the factory and liberty to high pay,
good food, and domestic servitude. Everything argues to a
decrease of servants in the future, and assistance will have to
be much more than ever obtained from cook and housemaid
who require no wages and but a little oil for their board. We
have said much has been done to relieve domestic labour, but
far more remains to do. Why should we not have machinery
for scrubbing floors, cleaning stoves, washing greasy plates,
cleaning windows, and many other operations. There is yet
plenty of scope for the brain in inventing domestic labour-
saving machinery, and we hope ere long to be able to chronicle
some valuable inventions in the columns of the " Journal of
Domestic Appliances."

The newest in sewing machines is the invention of Mr. Olivier,
exhibited at the Paris Electrical Exposition. It is an auto-
matic electrical sewing machine, very elegant in design, and
the inventor says it can be made at a low figure, and the
cost of running it is but a trifle. If the machine is practical,
sewing machine manufacturers will have to look to their
laurels.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT,

" The Greene Soft Coal Cooking Stove " is the subject of this
month's supplement. This stove is constructed to burn slack
coal, carbon, or antechracite coal, without forming either soot or
clinker, or creating gas or nuisance of any kind. It is a good
cooker, baker, and boiler, quick in operation, yet economical.
It is an American invention, and is sold in England by Messrs.
Churchill and Co., WUsou-street, Finsbury, E.G. All intelli-
gent person know that the gas called oxygen, which is found
in the air we breathe, is absolutely necessary for the continued
existence of mankind . Withdraw the oxygen and we die instantly.
The same is true as regards the life of combustion ; remove or
stop the flow of oxygen, and your fire goes out immediately.
It is also a well-known fact that the chief drawback or obstruc-
tion to the perfect combustion of bituminous coal in any of
the old style of stoves has been the short supply of air from
which to extract a sufficient quantity of oxygen (at the right
place and in the proper quantity) to mingle with the freed
carbon and hydro-carbon of the coal undergoing the coking
process, to secure practically perfect combustion. Most of the
efforts of manufacturers and inventors have been directed to«
wards alterations and additions of one kind or ano ther to the
old style of deep fireboxes with nearly perpendicular sides and
with the ordinary bar-grate. These additions and alterations
have proved unsatisfactory, and in the case of cooking stoves
nearly all have been abandoned as worthless, and many stove
manufacturers were beginning to settle down in the belief that
the smoke, gas, and clinker nuisances must be submitted to for
ever. In the construction of the " Greene Stove," which we
illustrate, the manufacturer have laid aside the old-time style
of stove and, whilst the outside appearance, the top, the oven,
and the flues are similar, the shape of the firebox, the style of
grate, and the location of the air fine are radically different.
The firebox is shallow, about four inches deep, but very broad
extending back nearly the whole length of the stove, viz., al-
most to back of the last row of pot-holes ; this broad firebox is
divided into two parts, making two combustion chambers.
This division is effected by a pendent pipe attached to the long
centre of the stove ; this pipe, which is flattened, passes through
each side of the stove, and is open at each end, and is bored

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1, 1881.

full of holes one-eiglit in. diameter on the under side to the
number of about one hundred. The grate bars are simply
narrow castings two inches wide, filled with perforations Jin.
diameter ; the feed door under the slide is bored in the same
way. The object of this arrangement of grates, door and air
duct, is to subdivide the air before it is permitted to enter the
firebox. This is absolutely necessary in burning bituminous
ooal ; also by this subdivision they are enabled to get the air
heated more quickly, which is a great aid to combustion, and
moreover to prevent the formation of clinker, as in other con-
structions, by the rush of a large volume of cold air into the
firebox among the incandescent or melted coal. The object of
locating the perforated air duct on the top of and nearly in the
centre of the firebox by hanging it to the long centre of the
stove is to compel a union of the particles of the air flowing in
at each of its ends and through the perforations with the gases
of the coal set free by the heat in the front part of the firebox.
By compelling these products of th«^ coal, viz., the carbon and
hydrogen, commonly called " hydro-carbon," in their progress
toward the chimney to come in direct contact with the air
rushing in through the small holes in the bottom of the air
duct, sufi&cient oxygen is extracted to ignite the gases of the
coal and thereby create a continuous and heavy flame in the
backer secondary combustion chamber and beyond, extending
at times to the flues under the oven, securing therefrom an
intense heat from material which otherwise would pass off un-
consumed to condense in the form of soot and fall back on the
roofs and ground or lodge in the flues of the stove or chimney-
The front half of the firebox may be called a retort, in which
the fresh coal is placed to be roasted or cooked. The applica-
tion of heat to coal sets free the hydrogen and carbon gases,
both of which are very light, and they instantly seek some way
to escape, naturally upward by the chimney. In the old style
stove it is impossible to get enough air through the bottom
grates to completely bum up these gases before they would
pass out of the stove ; but in this construction these volatile
gases are momentarily stopped by the pendant air duct and
made to mingle with the incoming oxygen through the per-
forated pipe. The natural and lawful result is flame, which
can only be derived by the union of carbon and oxygen gases.
and from this flame in the secondary combustion chamber there
Is great heat, and this is continued as long as the fuel lasts. With
this construction we claim that we get nearly double the heat
from a given amount of coal that is possible by any of the old-
fashioned stoves, and at the same time prevent the formation
(except in very small quantities) of soot and clinker, and the
.^mission of gas. About one-half the coal used in ordinary
stoves is sufficient in the Greene Stove to do the work of a
family.

An exhibition will be held at Stockholm, Sweden, next
year. Sir P. C. Owen ia now in that city making arrange-
ments as to the British section.

International Exhibition in Holland. — Holland is
now smitten with the mania for international exhibitions.
1883 is the year fixed for the Dutch display which is to be.

German Sanitary Exhibition.— At Berlin active pre-
parations are being made for the German Sanitary Exhibition
to be held in that city next year, and officially styled, " Die
Allgemeine Deutsche Ausstellung auf dem Gebiete der
Hygiene und des Rettungswesens ;" for it will include ap-
pliances for the direct preservation of life, or even property,
as well as inventions which counteract sources of disease. The
Prussian Minister of Public "Works has granted that exhibited
goods not sold at the close of the exhibition may be returned
carriage free ; and the Minister of Finance will permit the
import and export of all exhibited goods duty free.

INSLEE A. HOPPER, AGED 45.
On the 22nd September, Mr. Hopper died of paralysis at his
residence in Newark, New Jersey. We suppose no man in
his time ever exercised greater sway in the sewing machine
world than this gentleman. When the firm of I. M. Singer
and Co. merged into the " Singer Manufacturing Company "
Mr. Hopper was elected president, which office he held for
many years. Mr. Inslee A. Hopper was born in Paterson,
New Jersey, and was the son of the Reverend Andrew
Hopper, a Baptist clergyman. As a youth he entered the
employ of Messru. I. M. Singer and Co., in the capacity of
entering clerk, and by his own energy and perseverance rose
step by step until he obtained the highest office, that of
president. In 1876 he retired from that office, and became
proprietor of a silk manufactory. During his presidency the
immense factory at Elizabethport was constructed, and also
the palatial offices in Arrow-square, New York. Mr. Hopper
amassed a considerable fortune, and built himself the finest
house in Newark. He was a man possessed of good personal
features, a clear, shrewd judgment, and pleasing and enter-
taining manners, in short, " perfect in mind and feature, with
all good grace to grace a gentleman." His funeral took place
on the 26th Sept., when a large concourse of people assembled
round his grave.

The Second Annual Exhibition of Food Products and articles
and processes associated therewith, was opened yesterday at
the Agricultural Hall, with evident attractions for numerous
visitors and with very good promise of creditable success.

Smoke ABATEMENT.^The exhibition of smoke-preventing
appliances which is to be held, under the facilities afforded by
her Majesty's CommiHsioneis, at South Kensington, draws
near completion, and it will be opened in the present month.
Among a very considerable number of e^ihibits now being sent
in by the chief London and provincial firms, we hear of some
that should command special public attention, for they appear
by the description which is given as practically affording the
means of saving coal and avoiding smoke. The public desire
for improvement in firing arrangements has been so far
directed to a useful result by the efforts of the Smoke Abate-
ment Committee that a variety of novelties and modifications
of the old-fashioned fire-grates and kitcheners have been
brought into existence. More than one open grate recently
brought out applies the principle of adding fresh fuel from the
back, bottom, or side of the fire with more or less simple
arrangements. Some, again, have an arrangement similar in
principle to the mechanical stoker attached to a steam boiler,
and the coal is dropped on to the fire at the top, but in such
quantities at a time that it may be readily ignited, and the fire
maintained in a glowing state, rather than in a smouldering
condition, which causes smoke while giving out little heat.
More than one of the new grates revolve ; the ordinary coal is
put on in the usual manner and a movable set of bars is closed
down above the coal ; the grate, which revolves horizontally
on its axis, is inverted and the fire is thus kept bright at the
top and burns downwards. Another form of grate is of suffi-
cient depth to hold the supply of coal for several hours' con-
sumption, and the rate at which the fire burns downwards is
regulated by a slide, which can be drawn down at pleasure.
We are informed that the prices of these grates in several cases
does not exceed those of the ordinary description of similar
size. Besides the grates thus varied materially from the
ordinary patterns, there are some to be shown which have but
a slight alteration in the arrangement by which air is admitted
to the fire, and the draught is so regulated as to render the
combustion of the coal more perfect, and therefore less smoky.
Vai-ieties of close and open kitctheners specially devised to
prevent smoke will be exhibited, and a special feature of the
exhibition will be the display of improved apparatus for gas
heating and cooking.

Not. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

ABOLITION OF DISTINCTIVE STAMPS FOE
TELEGEAMS.
The assimilation of the penny adhesive stamps for postal
and Inland Eevenue charges having been received by the
public with much satisfaction, it has been decided to proceed
further in the same direction and to abolish the distinctive
stamp used for the payment of the charges upon telegraph
messages. On and after November 1, therefore, the use of
distinctive telegraph stamps will be discontinued, and postage
stamps of all amounts, including the penny postage and
Inland Revenue stamp, will be available for the payment of
telegraph charges. This measure will facilitate the posting of
telegrams in letter-boxes during the night, or where there is
no telegraph office within a convenient distance, as telegrams
thus posted will be conveyed, without extra charge, at the
next collection of letters, to the nearest telegraph office which
is open, for the purpose of being transmitted by the wires at
the earliest possible moment. In those cases in which difficulty
would be experienced in obtaining a printed telegraph message
form, ordinary paper may be used. The message may, or may
not, at the option of the sender, be enclosed in an envelope,
but if an envelope is used it must be marked " Telegram,
immediate." The stock of telegraph stamps and stamped tele-
graph forms in the hands of the public may still be used for
telegraph purposes, but not for postage or Inland Eevenue
payments.

SUCCESS FEOM FAILUEB.

The career of a merchant is far from being one in which
there are no drawbacks, and 'there are but few traders who at
gome time have not felt that they were placed in a precarious
position, from which it needed all their skill to extricate them-
selves. The business qualities of a man are wonderfully de-
veloped and sharpened by the difficulties he meets and over-
comes, and in this school of experience, hard though it may
often be, he learns lessons that could be gained from no other
source. In fact, there are many men whose capabilities are
only developed by trouble or opposition, and when this occurs
the real worth of a man is brought out.

It will not do to supinely yield to difficulties and give up the
fight in despair of ever making a success. Faint heart will not
win business success any sooner than it will win fair lady. It
is no shame to have adversity come to any man, but he should
keep his manhood and fight to the end. Many a man has lost
a fortime who did not lose heart to still accomplish great things,
and in many instances a new fortune was bmlt on the ruins of
the old. Failure of fortune to such does not mean a failure of
their lives ; it stirred them on to stiU greater exertions.

To lose courage in the straggle of life on account of some
reverse of fortune is a bad fate for any man, for when hope
and courage are gone, man becomes a wreck. But, fortunately,
in this land of ours, prospects for ultimate success are so good
that none need despair. Success in many cases is as much due
to a man's failures as to his triumphs. Every man should
expect to meet failures in his career, and if he is sensible and
keeps his pluck, these trials will be stepping-stones to his
future success.

TO TAKE OUT MILK AND COFFEE STAINS.

These stains are very difficult to remove, especially from light
coloured and finely-finished goods. From woollen and mixed
fabrics they are taken out by moistening them with a mixture
of 1 P'lrt glycerine, 9 p^trts water, and 4 part aqua ammonia.
This mixture is applied to the goods by means of a brash, and
allowed to remain for 12 hours (occasionally renewing the
moistening). After this time, the stained pieces are pressed
between cloth, and then rubbed with a clean rag. Drying, and,
if possible, a little steaming, is generally sufficient to
thoroughly remove the stains.

Stains on silk garments which are dyed with delicate colours,
or finely finished, are still more difficult to remove. In this
case, 5 parts glycerine are mixed with 5 parts water, and
i part of ammonia added. Before using this mixture, it should
be tried on some part of the garments where it cannot be
noticed, in order to see if the mixture will change the colour.
If 8Uob if the case no ammonia sbovild be added. If, on the

contrary, no change takes place, or if, after drying, the origi-
nal colour is restored, the above mixture is applied with a soft
brush, allowing it to remain on the stains for 6 or 8 hours, and
is then rubbed with a clean cloth. The remaining diy sub-
stance is then carefully taken off by means of a knife. The
injured places are now brushed over with clean water, pressed
between cloths, and dried. If the stain is not then entirely
removed a rubbing with dry bread will easily take it off. To
restore the finish, a thin solution of gum arabic, or in many
cases beer is preferred, is brushed on, then dried and carefully
ironed. By careful manipulation these stains will be success-
fully removed.

TRADE AND FINANCE.
The Board of Trade Returns for September have been issued,
and are indicative of steady improvement in commercial affairs.
The aggregate of the exports is £20,900,563, as compared with
£20,027,347 in the corresponding period of last year, and
£17,402,242 in that of 1872. The increase is very general, but
with regard to cotton piece goods there is a decrease of 5*4 per
cent, in quantity and 8'8 per cent, in value, while the increase in
the shipment of cotton yarns is verylsmall. The increase in iron
and steel amounts to 26'7 per cent, in quantity and 16'2 per
cent, in value ; in linen piece goods to 24§ per cent, in quantity
and 13'1 per cent, in value; in the various descriptions of
wooUen yarn and goods to between 13J and 40-3 per cent, in
quantity, and between 5'4 and 18'1 per cent, in value; and in
coal to 10'9 per cent, in quantity and 12.7 per cent, in value.
The aggregate imports of foreign and colonial merchandise
were valued at £33,191,225, against £34,275,327 in the same
month of last year, and of £i!7, 723,428 in that of 1879. The
decline of £1,084,000 in the imports, as compared with Sep-
tember, 1880, is distributed generally over articles of food and
raw materials, with the exception of raw cotton, in which there
is an increase of 260,000 cwts in quantity and £7.^2,000 in
value. This increase, and the decline on the exports of cotton
piece goods was owing, doubtless, to the "comer" at Liver-
pool, which had the effect not only of attracting large supplies
of cotton, but also of disorganising, to some extent, the busi-
ness of manufacturing. The aggregate of the exports for the
nine months of the current year which have now elapsed is
£171,820,000— an increase of £4,774,000, or nearly three per
cent., compared with the corresponding months of 1880 ; and
the aggregate of the imports in the same period £296,844,000
— a decrease of £13,063,000, or rather more than four per cent.,
as compared with the same period of 1879. Gold to the value
of £781,130 was imported, and £1,496,670 exported during
September. For the past nine months the imports have been
£7,782,871, and the exports £11,157,559.

The number of failures in England and Wales gazetted during
the week ending Saturday, Sep. 24th, was 176. The number in
the corresponding week of last year was 196, showing a decrease
of 20, being a total decrease, in 18S1, to date, of 587. The
failures were distributed amongst the following trades, and, for
comparison, we give the number in each in the corresponding
•weeks in 1879 and 1880 :—

1881 1880 1879

Building Trades

Chemists and Druggists

Coal and Mining Trades

Corn and Cattle

Drapery Trades

Earthenware Trades

Farmers ... ...

Furniture and Upholstery Trades...
Grocery and Provision Trades
Hardware and Metal Trades

Iron and Steel Trades

Jewellery and Fancy Trades
Leather and Coach Trades...
Merchants, Brokers, and Agents...
Printing and Stationery Trades ...
Wine, Spirit, and Beer Trades ...
Miscellaneous

—

176

196

262

THE JOIIENA.L OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Nev. 1. 1881.

Harper Twelvetrees' "Fountain" Washer

■■■ RETAIL PRICE, 10s. 6d.

Is entirely SELF-ACTING ; no rubbing, labour, or attention required ; no handles, wheels, pounders, or brushes. A current of boiling suds is
passed through and thi-ough the clothes, which are thus washed and beautifully bleached at the same time ; the result is really astonishing. Hundreds
of thousands of busy mothers require this wonderful labour-saving Machine. Full Particulars and Wholesale Price to Agents on application to

HAEPEE TWELVETEEES,

Patentee and Manufacturer, 80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

HARPER TWELVETREES'

INDIA-RUBBER CLOTHES -WRINGERS,

WITH COG-WHEELS,

S, lr(ing Frames, Metal Bearings, Adjustable Claspers, and other great improvements, have
maintained their supremacy for eighteen years as the " Gem of Clothes-Wringers." They
•will fit tubs of every shape, and wring the largest as well as the smallest articles dry
ins antly without labour, dropping them into the basltet nearly dry enough to iron or
mangle. These well-known and much-prized Clothes-Wringers are specially adapted for
the heavy, constant work of laundresses, and are immensely superior to the slightly-made
c'eliv ate American Importations.

Prices: 30s., 40s., 50s., or without Cogwheels, 25 ., 30s., 35s.

Harper Twelvetrees' Cheap Fifty-Shilling Mangle and Wringer, 24-inch Rollers,

Harper Twelvetrees' Magic Prize Washing Machine, 21s.

Wholesale Quotations, Post free, from

HARPER TWELYETREES,

Laundry Machinist,

80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G. Works: Burdett Eoad, Bow, E.

HOLROYD'S NEW PATENT

KILTING MACHINE

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its unequalled exeellence.

THIS Machine, by its simplicity and construction, wiU at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and heated by gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to different styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted for manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together wth the fact that it will work rausUn,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas airangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or sraeU which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s.

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combming all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to Manufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomiinson St, Hulme, Manchester.

Kov. 1, 1881.

THE JOUBNA.L OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

CO
CO

t« "

«■

^ r

t^ K

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY & CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G. ;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

A-G-EISTT

"VST ^ 3iT T E ID ,

THE"BISSCHOP"GASENGIC

Piston and Valve need no Lubricator. Will start at a moment's notice.

Power. Price.

OneMan £25 0 0

One-and-a-half Man 30 0 0

TwoMan 36 0 0

Tour Man 60 0 0

W
H

O
"A

2
O

H
M
1^

H
W
O

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18. Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

WASHING-DAY REFORM

HARPER TWELVETREES'

RENOWNED "VILLA"

£2 15s,, OR -WITH

MANGLER & WRINGER, £5 5s.,

Does Fortnight's Family

Wash in Four Hotrrs, -without rob-
bing OR BOILING, as certified by
thousands of delighted purchaasro
It is easy to T^ork, easily under
stood, strongly made, durable, doe-
not injure the clothes, but really
■| saves them ; and ia the only Wash'
ing Machine in the world which
renders BoiHng- unnecessary, and
saves five or six hours of copper,
firing each washing day. The Five-
Guinea "Villa" Washer possesse"
tremendous washing power, and
will wash 15 dozen collars and
ladies' cuffs in five minute ; 150
pocket - handkerchiefs in five
minutes ; 60 hotel table cloths in an
hoxu: ; 10 dozen bedroom towels per
hour ; 3^ dozen shirts per hour ; 1
dozen sheets per hour, and counter-
panes, blankets, curtains, &c., in
proportion. Such success is un-
paralleled! Illustrated Prospectufles
and Export Quotations post free

HARPER TWELVETREES,

LAfNDET EXGIJIEEK AND MACHINIST,

80, FINSBURY PAVEMENT, LONDON, E.C

MORE AGENTS WANTED

Sole London Agent for Kenworthy's "Paragan
Washirg Machine.

OILS.

IMPERIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CETSTAL SPERM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBEICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
" SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or barrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for the HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TURING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKER

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES,NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGENTS for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists oe Samples on Application to

R. S. DAVILLE & CO..

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

THE JOTfENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANGES AND SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE. Not. 1. 1881.

Edinburgh Bicycle & Tricycle Exhibition, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season -were Exhibited.

THE ONLY

SILVER MEMS

FOR

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the "CENTAUR" COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTRUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION

Full Descriptive Catalogues of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, witJi Testimonials, Post Free on

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TRADE. RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.

An Engine which works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVEEAGE MONTHLY DELIVERY (Inoludln? Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS RAPIDLY REPLACrNa STEAM ENGESTES FROM 1 to 40 HORSE POWER IND.

WORKS & HEAD OFFICES:

Great Marlbro' St., Gloster St.,
aiANCHESIEB.

mum Bnoi, limitbd,

MANCHESTER.

LONDON HOUSE:
Ue, Queen Victoria Street, E.O,

ZtONSosr.

TJov. 1, 1881. TflE JOTTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWTNa MACHINE GAZETTE.

The Coventry Triumph " Bicycles & Tricycles.
WARMAN, LAXON, ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

THE NEW STRAIGHT NEEDLE MACHINE

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Eh
55

-4

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany. Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 1867.

THE LARGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

EWINIi

AGHINE VITTIN6S

Warehouse.

Machine "Belt" i W 9 Oil

Manufacturers. Bf ifigi Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.C.

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MIDGLEY,

MANUFACTtTBEES OP

Washing, Wringing, and Mangling Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CU7TER, CHAFF CUTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE BOYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction An ornament to every home, and the deUght of every wife.
Price, 22 inceef, £5 10s. Rollers with Brass Caps.

THE JOUKNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETET Nov. 1, 1881.

G. E. WEIGHT'S PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

liOOP-STITCH. LOCK-STITCH.

^^^OSOFROUf^^

'%.

ErTHtLANuTRY

By the Half-dozen, 16/6 each. By the Half-dozen, 27/- each.

G. E. WRIGHT, I, NEW BROAD ST., LONDON, E.C.

"EMPIRE" WASHER,

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOB FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

I'S/ICiBS.

No. 1.
„ 2.
„ 3.

£1 10 0
2 2 0
2 10 0

Liberal Discf.nnt to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers,

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co.,
93, high: h:oxjBOIS/IT

Xj03Sri301T

HUTCH /SON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs, Restaurants, and Private Houses. It is
constructed to polish SIX FOBKS AT A TIME, and renders an even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by band.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

As used in the Patent Fork Cleaning Machine. For cleaning aad
brilliantly polishing all kinds of Plate, Plated Articles, Metal, Tin,
Pewter, Looking Glasses, &c. To be had at Oil and Colour Ware-
houses, and of Ironmongers and Storekeepers.

Prices, in Tin Canisters, J-lb., 6d. ; l-lb,, 1/; S-lb., I/O.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in. jVLGSSrS. H'UTGHISON & CO.,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ^LDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.G.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHER

SECURED BY
BOTAL

LETTERS
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear of linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaked, soaped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushing machme

handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVEBTON, Springfield Laundry,

Leamington, in Queen of 17th of .Inly, page 68 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed water

carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."

COLOUR OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY.

Not. 1, 1881. THE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Sjd

PRIZE
MEDAL

• •

xhibition.

AWA RDS

i88o.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER -
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6 : 6 : 0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Frizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, tborougUy seasoned, and are all fitted with om
weU-known patents and appliances, which, cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated, Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & AVILSON.

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

THE JOTTENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Not. 1, 1881.

SMITH & SONS.

ESTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PAET SUPPLIED IN VAEIOUS STAGES,

From the Rough Stamping or Forgings to tho
Complete Finished Article.

iN'one hut the very iest Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOB IROK, BEST BEST GUJ^, ^o.,'^o.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

INOLTIDINa ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PEINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS,

BELLS, tScO-, <Sz;0-

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON, E.G.

Works :—Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALERS AICE INVITED TO APPLY FOB WHOLESALE TEEMS

Nov. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

■ta
*>

ea
ti

M
o
<

39, CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJfCHESTEB

WRTlALS.

Avoid Imitations under various namet, uh only
the Standard and Original Artielt,

Hauthaway's

PEERLESS GLOSS.

For Blackmg and Polishingf

LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S

BOOTS AND SHOES.

BOSTON, 1868.
VIENNA. 187.1

The Bueoess of " Hauthaway's Peerlesi
GloBs" has brought forward so many imita-
tiona under various names — some of which are
highly injurious to theleather — that the Public
are cautioD3d tc »;Jj for HAUTHAWAY'S
PEERLESS GLOSS, and to use no other.

John S. Deed and Sons, 461, Oxford
Street, London, Sole Wholesale Agents for
the United Kingdom.

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUEACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium l\/lacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANUFACTURERS OP THE

On tlie Wlieeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers.

ESTABLISHED 1851.

BIRKBECK BANK,

SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS. CHANCERY LANE.

Current Accounts opened according to the usual practice of
other Bankers, and Interest allowed on the minimum monthly
balances when not drawn below £25. No commission charged
for keeping Accounts.

The Bank also receives money on Deposit at Three per cent,
Interest, repayable on demand.

The Bank undertakes for its Customers, free of charge, the
custody of Deeds, Writings, and other Securities and Valua-
bles ; the collection of Bills of Exchange, Dividends, and
Coupons ; and the purchase and sale of Stocks and Shares.

Letters of Credit and Circular Notes issued.

A Pamphlet, with full particulars, on application.

FRANCIS RAVENSCROFT, Manager
31s« March, 1880.

THE

BIRKBECK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR MILLIONS.

How to purchase a House for Two
Guineas per month.

With Immediate Possession and no Rent to pay.— Apply at
the Office of the Birkbeck Building Society.

How to purchase a Plot of Land for
Five Shillings per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
purposes. Apply at the Office of the Birkbeck Freehold
Land Society.

A Pamphlet with full particulars, on application.

Francis Ravenscroft, Manager.
goUtbanipton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

TO INVENTORS. GENERAL 'PATENT OFFICE

Established 1830.

G. F. REDFERN,

(Swxeasor to L. De Fontainemoreav, Sf Co.),
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

F-A.B.IS A-IsTX) E:EaTTSSEX.S.
Provisional Protection. £7; French Patent, £7; Belgian. £9;
aerman, jEIO lOs. ; United States, jei7 lOs. Designs and Trad*

Maiks Registered. Circular gratis on application.

THE JOITENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Nov. 1. lasi

THEOBALD'S HYDRAULIC SELF-ACTING WASHER,

(PATENT)

(RETAIL 10/6 EACH).

This new Washer positively surpasses all olh :rs. It acts on an entirely new principle, doing away with all knocking about, pounding,
squeezing, brushing or rubbing. The effect is simply marvellous, and must be seen to believed.

Agents wanted everTwhere, Liberal discount and such terms that there is no risk whatever.

PORTLAND HOUSE, 3, SOUTH STREET, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E.

THE REMINGTON TYPE WRITER DEPOT:—
6, KING STREET, CHEAPSIDE.

&yt,.r*^

NO. 4, PERFECTED TTPE-WEITER.

I It is portable, dutabie, and finished in the
■tyle of Kg. 2 ; the working parts are exposed
to view.

A Machine to supersede the pen for
manuscript writing, correspondence, &c.,
having twice the speed of the pen, is
always ready for use, simple in construc-
tion, not liable to get out of order, easily
understood, and any one who can spell
can write with it. It is used in Govern-
ment offices, by Merchants, Bankers,
Lawyers, Clergymen, Doctors, Scientists,
&c., &c., &c. Its advantages are great
and numerous, and no one ought to be
without one.

REDUCED PRICES.

PEOVINCIAIi AGENTS WAITTED.

NO. 2. PERFECTED TTPE-WEITER,

This machine prints Upper and Lower Case
(capital and small) type, portable.

BEEMAN & ROBERTS, Sole Agents for the United Kingdom.

NO. 2, PERFECTION. Jackson's Patent.
12 Sliles an Hour Obtainable.

Especially suited to Ladies. Price £16.
Easy, Safe and Grracefui.

TIMMS & CO.,

EAST STREET WORKS,

COVENTRY.

MANUFACTURERS OF

TRICYCLES AND
BICYCLES,

BATH CHAIR

ANT)

PERAMBULATOR WHEELS.

Rlustrated Lists on application.

Pavourite Rotary Action.

Compact and Neat.
Price £14 14s.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ^' EXPRESS ^^ BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Printed tor the Proprietors, and Published by them at 4, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London.

'-'--ft— "I'-TEr'i:' ■'*-|["'r"ji^-B-"'' a'-'tt't - " -^ rr- r-^ n .. .^- ...y^..,-. .. ^ — ,;„«>^^.,^p,/^..,.,^,-

iiMi^ifiyimffiam

323)

■smrr^.'^LT, «».»...»

Vol. IX. No. 133.

Price, witb Supplement, 4d,

f j

DECEMBER 1. 1881.

DUNBAR, MCMASTER & C

•f

GILFORD, IRELAND,

!SCI^ Manufacturers of all kinds of Linen Threads.

Highest Medals were awarded Dunbar & Go's Threads wherever exhibited

FOR HAfJD OR MACHINE SEWING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

SUITABLE FOR ALL PURPOSES, SHOES, SOLE SEWING, TAILORS. &c.

DUNBAR AND CO.'S THREADS ARE THE BEST.

Samples and Prices on Application.

BY HBE majesty's EOYAI, LETTERS PATENT.

Dec. 5, 1878

Apeil 2, 1880.

The Heberling Running Stitch

SEWING MACHINE.

THE ONLY ORIGINAL MACHINE FOR

GAUGING, GATHERING, AND TUCKING.

CAUTION,

All the parts of the Heberling Machine are covered- by the Patents granted
in the United States, Grea* Britain, and throughout Europe, and any party discovered
making, selling, or using an inaitation of tlie Machine, or infringing on the said Patents
will be prosecuted.. .Every .genuine, Machine, bears, .the following fac-simile engraved
on the work-plate ;-" HEBERLOG RUNNING STITCH SEWING MACHINE
CO., U.S.A." To avoid Imposition buy only from our Certified Agents, or fromjthe
London Office direct.

The Trade and Shippers liberally dealt with.
WRITE FOR CATALOGUE & SAMPLE OF WORK TO

THE HEBERLING^ SEWING MACHINE CO., 46, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E,C.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWIKG MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, ]881(

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

Coming of Age of Mr. William Litler Bradford 19 — 21

The Combination Cot 21

Patents 22, 23

McDonald's Boot Racks 23

Fieldhouse's Patent Boot Protectors 23

Proctor's Patent Cinder Bucket 23

Reviews 24 — 26

The Patent Annecto Nail Brush 26

Leaders 28,29

Our Illustrated Supplement 29

Proposed New Singer Woodwork Factory 29

The Oil Lamp and Stove Trades of Birmingham 29

The Brighton Health Congress nnd Domestic and Scientific

Exhibition 29

London Smoke 30> 3 1

Machines or Appajatus for Washing Clothes 31

Trade Notes 31

Filters 31

Curious Instances of the Importance Attached to Coverings for

the Head 32—33

Questions and Answers 34

Gazette 34

LIST OF ADVERTISEES.

Bicycle and Tricyle Manufacturers:

Centaur Co 14

Devey, Joseph & Co 44

Hosier and Co 28

Harrington & Co

HiUman, Herbert & Cooper 42

Smith, Thomas & Sons 17

Surrey Machinist Co 35

Timms & Co 40

Warman, Laxon & Co 36

Bicycle Bearings and Fittings Manufacturers:

Bishop's Cluster Co 33

Devey, Joseph & Co 40

Smith, Thomas & Sons 39

Warwick, Thomas 24

Bicycle Saddle and Bag Manufacturers :

Smith, Thomas Sc Sons

Warwick, Thomas

Boot Machinery Manufacturers:

Blake and Goodyear Company 11

Howe Machine Co., Limited 43

Boot Racks :

Macdonald Sc Co 12

Builders and Shop Fitters:

Drew and Cadraan 16

Fork Cleaning Machine:

Hutchison Si Co 39

Gas Engine Makers :

Andrew, J. E. H 35

Crossley Brothers 14

Kilting Machine Manufacturers :

Hohoyd, J 7

Wanzer Sewing Machine Co 18

Daville & Co 35

Sewing Cotton Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 12

Sewing Machine Manufacturers :

Baer and Remple ib

Gritzner & Co 38

Holroyd, J 7

Howe Machine Company, Limited 43

Mothersill, R 7

Pitt,Brothers 4

Raymond & Co. (P. Frank) 7

Rennick, Kemsley & Co 28

Singer Manufacturing Company 8, 9

Thurlow, Charles 33

Wanzer Sewing Machine Company, Limited 18

Wheeler & WUson Manufacturing Co 3

White .Sewing Machine Company 6

Wright. G. E 39

Sewing Machine Attachment Makers :

Bishop's Cluster Co 36

Daville. R. S. & Co 35

Manasse, Max 37

Sewing Machine and Bicycle Oil Makers:

Bishop's Cluster Company 36

Daville & Co 35

Sewing Machine Needles :

The Park Wood Mills Company

Sewing Thread Manufacturers :

Carlile & Co 12

Dunbar, McMaster, & Co i

Finlayson, Bousfield & Co 43

Marshall & Co. , 40

Trade Protection Societies :

Stubbs' Mercantile Offices 1:

Washing Machine Manufacturers :

Daville & Co 36,

Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley 36

Kenworthy &L Co 18

Taylor & Wilson 40

Taylor, F. D 37

Twelvetrees, Harper 35 43

Theobald, E

Wolstencroft & Co 39

Whitley & Co 35

THE

anxr .^rbiitg S^Erljiitie ^a^^tte.

PUBLISHING OrFICE : —

4, -A.'VE IwOrA-PlIA. LlA-IvTE E.g.

EDiTOMAii A^^) advertisement okfice: —
SO ■'5^0m«^'V700X> STREET, E.C.

SCALE OF CHAEaES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page .£4 0 0 per insertion

Half , 2 2 0

One Third Page 18 0 „

Quarter „ 12 0 „

One Sixth „ 0 15 0 „

One Eighth ,: 0 12 0 „

Dec. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

THE

ONLY
"GRAND
PRIZE"

FOB,

SEWING
MACHINES

AT THE LATE

PARIS EXHIBITION.

WHEEL

NEW ROTARY-HOOK LOCK-STITCH

SEWING MACHINES,

Lig-ht, Medmm, or Powerful, from £5 5s.

No.

£8 ICs.
£10.

£8 10s.

The New- Straight Needle Machines, for whlcli tlie "GEAND PEIZE" was awarded, are the

No. 8. — The New Family and Light Manufacturing Machiiie. Strongly recommended Price £7 lOs

6. — A Powerful Machine, capable of doing all grades of work, from the finest to the
thickest, in the best possible manner, including all the various kinds of Leather work

Also No. 6 Cylinder Machine for special classes of Boot work

7. — Similar to the No. 6 Machine, but especially suitable for Corset work, heavy Tailoring,
Upholstery, &c

The Well-known Original Family and Light Manufacturing Machines.

Nos. 1 & S Prices, £6 10s,, £7 10s

The New No. 8 Hand Machine, specially recommended.

Is the best and most perfect Hand Machine yet produced, and combines the utmost efficiency
with elegance of appearance, rendering it suitable to the lady's boudoir or for travelling.

Price, WITH COTEE, complete, £5 5s

MACHINE ON HIRE WITH OPTION OF PURCHASE.

EVERY MACHINE MADE BY WHEELER AND WILSON HAS THEIR TRADE MARK AFFIXED.

Illustrated Catalogties and other particulait Fast Free,

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

London. Chief Office, 21, Queen

Victoria Street, E.G.
London, 139, Regent Street, W.

,, 49. Newing1;on Causeway, S.E.
Liverpool, 61, Bold Street.
Birminijliam, Stephenson Place.
Brightc'n, 163, North Street.
Bristol, 50, Victoria Street.

Bath, 28, Walcot Street.
Plymouth, 187, Union Street.
CardifiF, 17, St. Mary Street.
Nottingham, 16, Lister Gate.
Newcastle, West Grainger Street.
Middlesborough, 55, Newport

Road.
HuU, 9, Savile Street.

Manchester. 131, Market Street.
Leeds, 41, Commercial Street.
Sheffield, 126, Barker's Pool.
York, 27, Coney Street.
Bradford, ^7, Tyrrel Street.
Edinburgh, 7, Frederick Street.
Glasgow, 71, Union Street.
Dublin, 1 Stephen a Gree

Belfast, 63, High Street.
Cork, 32, Grand Parade.
Norwich, 45, London .Street.
Exeter, London Inn Square.
Torqu.ay, 115, Union Street.
Taunton, 2, High Street.
Stroud, 1, John Street.

I'HE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881

Obtained Prize Medals 1 ^^B^^^^ ^^r^i^^^^U

"^'p':rYsf?iU?ei'.^t°°'°"'} PI 1 1 BHO I H

MAKERS OF

( EstalDlished 30 years ; one of

( -j the Oldest Makers, and first

J I to introduce Sewing Machines

Manufacturing" and Domestic Sewing Machines.

GHEAT REDUCTION IN
PRICES.

Agents, Shippers and Dealers
liherally treated.
Illustrated Lists Free.

None Genuine without
this Trade Mark,

The Xraae jyiark is
fastened on the Arm
of each Machine.

All interested in
Sewing Machines are
respectfully desired to
write at once for
Illustrated Lists, as
our Machines have
many Important

IMPKOVEMENTS and
ADDITIONS, which,
coupled with their
Superior and Durable
Finish, the Sales are
Increasing Weekly,
and the Reports from
Agents and Shippers
are most encour g.

PITT BROS., Alma Foundry, LIVERSEDGE, Yorkshire

Tmc. 1, IRSl. TfiE JOTTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE QAZETtiS.

ESTABLISHED 1836.

lERCAMTILE OFFICES

TRADE AUXILIARY COMPANY, LIMITED.

HEAD OFFICES:

42, GRESHAM ST., LOI^DON, E.C:

West End Branch, 53, Conduit Street, Regent St., W.

CHIEF OFFICES :

For IRELAND.

f DUBLIN— 21, College Green.
( BELFAST— 55, Victoria Streol.

DISTRICT

For SCOTLAND.

OFFICES :

f GLASGOW— 21, St. Vincent Place.
1 EDINBURGH— 4, Cockbnrn Street.

BIRMINGHAM— TO, Exchange Bmldinge.
BRADFORD, Yorkshire— 1 Booth Street.
BRISTOL— 4, Bristol Chambers.
BRIGHTON— 23, Prince Albert Street.
CORK— 70, South Mall.

NORWICH— Post Office Street.
PORTSMOUTH— 85, High Street.
SHEFFIELD— 85, Qaeen Street.
SOUTHAMPTON— 150, High Street

GLOUCESTER— 6, College Court.
LEEDS— 1, East Parade.
LIVERPOOL- 71, Lord Street.
MANCHESTER— 14, Brown Street.
NEWCASTLE— 32, Grainger Street West.
With Agents and Corespondents throughout the Kingdom, on the Continent of Europe, and in the United States of

America, and the British Colonies.

BANKERS :

LONDON— The Union Bank op London.

BELFAST— The Noetheen Bankinq Company.
BIRMINGHAM— Lloyd's Banking CoMrANY.
BRISTOL— The National Provincial Bank of England.
DUBLIN— Thb National Bank.

EDINBURGH— The NATIONAL iSANK OF SCOTLAND.
GLASGOW— The British Linen Company.
LIVERPOOL— The Bank op Liverpool.
MANCHESTER— MANCHESTEE and SALFOED BANK,

STUBBS' MERCANTILE OFFICES,

Witli their various associated Agencies, form together a complete organisation for the protection of Bankers, Merchant*
Manufacturers, Traders, and others, against risk and fraud in their various commercial transactions.

Subscribers to these Offices can, by their Agency, recover debts due to them with promptitude.
Stubbs' "Weekly Gazette" supplies information which is absolutely indispensable to Traders.

TEHIMIS of SX7BSCE.IFTI01sr

(Except for Special Service and Financial Departments, in which the Eates vfill be fixed by Agreement according to the
eircumstances.) One, Two, Three, and FrvE Guineas, according to requirements.
PROSPECTUSES GIVING PULL PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION.

There h no Office in London connected with Stubbs' Mercantile Offices (situate at the corner of
King St., opposite Guildhall), exce^ the West End Branch at 53, Conduit St., Regent St., W.

TttK .rotTRlsrAL OF noWKSTii- APPLIINOES AJTD sewing machine gazette. I EC. 1, 188t.

THE WHITE SEWINfi MACHINE GOMPAN?.

MANUFACTORY :

Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN OFFICE:

19, QUEEN VIOTOBIA ST., LONDON, E.G.

Manufaciurcrs of the justly Celebrated

WHITE SEWING MAOIIISS,

THE POPULAR FAVORITES FOR NOISELESSNESS AND EASY

TREADLE MOVEMENT.

SUPERLATIVE

Machines for

all work.

IS various

styles.

j-^ I Every maohins
li' Warranted for
TTTPTT? ^ years. Legal
inJilxv) guarantee.

AHRIBUTES.

IT IS THE FINEST FINISHED AND

BEST MADE MACHINE IN THE

WORLD.

IT IS THE EASIEST-SELLING ANli

BEST- SATISFYING MACHINE

EVER PRODUCED.

The Peerless Hand
Machine.

.^ i^?5»"VBS, -liBBSX^p-a!" l,fejilIHri'l™U *

"-1

Cheapest and Best in the Market.
Warranted for 3 years.

LIBERAL TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE
DEALERS AND AGENTS.

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPA

19, Queeu Victoria Street, IiOndou, E.G.

i'EC. 1, IS'-l.

TIIF, FOUKA'AL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCKS AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

HOLROYD'8 NEW PiTEIT

KI LTI NG MAC

Sells at sight, and is acknowledged by the Trade in England and Abroad to be the best for all
purposes, upwards of 8,000 having been sold in two years, and the still increasing demand

testifies to its nnequnlled excellence.

THIS Machine, by its simplicity and constniction, will at once commend itself to
Merchants and Manufacturers, and will supply that which has long been
wanted, namely, a good, practical, and durable Machine at a reasonable price.

It can be worked by hand, treadle, or steam power, and healed liy gas or irons as
desired ; and it runs so light that it can be worked by hand for any length of time
without the slightest fatigue.

It will make any kind of kilt desired, from the narrowest to an inch wide, and any
depth up to ten inches, and can be altered to difierent styles and widths immediately,
and in a most simple manner.

It is specially adapted Ibr manufacturing and dress-making purposes, and by its
lightness, rapidity, and correctness, together with the fact that it will work muslin,
thick cloth, or felt with equal facility, it cannot fail to be a great saving, and of the
greatest advantage.

With the gas arrangement perfect combustion is secured, thereby avoiding any
smoke or smell which is so unpleasant in most other machines, and being nickel
plated all over does not rust.

Price, complete with gas arrangements and 4 heating irons, £3 3s,

ELECTRO-PLATNIG BY STEAM POWER, AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES,

Combining all the latest improvements in GILDING, BRONZING, &c., on rough or smooth surfaces, on any kind of metal goods.

Special Terms offered to iManufacturers of articles suitable for plating.

J. HOLROYD, Tomlinson St., Hulme, Manchester.

CANADIAN SEWING MACHINES.

£2 2s. Complete.

• This Machine has obtained the highest re-
putation and an enormous sale, both under
its true name ("Raymond's"), and also as
the "Weir 55s. Machine, "&c. — (See caution
below). It is durable, rapid, exceedingly
simple, neat, not liable to get out of order, and warranted
to sew from the finest muslin to the heaviest material.

CAUTION.— James G. Weir, who, for about eight
years pbtained these genuine Machines, is no longer sup-
plied with them by the Inventor and Manufacturer, Mr.
Charles Raymond.

BEWARE OF ALL COUNTERFEITS.

ALSO

£4 4s. Complete.

Testimonials, Prospectuses, Samples o{
Work, and all particulars free on application

Raymond's No. 1 and 2 TREADLE MACHINES for Families, Dressmakers, and Manufacturers

-A.Q-EOSr'rS "V^uA^lSTTED.

CHIEF DEPOT FOR EUROPE AND EXPORT:

11, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL

p. FRANK, AGENT. ESTABLISHED 1863-

TFEJOUEHAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1. 18S1.

THE SINGER MANUFAGTI

COMPANY,

The largest Sewing Machine Manufacturers in the World.

Upwards of 538,609 of these CELEBRATED MACHINES wereSoId in the year 1880, being

at the rate of over 1,800 for every working day.

THE OBEAT SALE affords most convincing proof of their popularity and value, and is attrihutable

to the reputation obtained for

Excellence of Manufacture, Strength and Beauty of Stitch,

AND FOE THEIK

Perfect Adaptability to every Class of Sewing.

PRICE

&om

£4: 4s.

FOR CASH

from

£4: Os.

Hay be had on "Hire, with option
of Purchase," by paying

2/6

No Household should
be -without one of the

Family Machines,
^A^hieh are unequalled

for all Domestic

Se-wing. So simple, a

child can -work them.

lyrANUFACTTTBiEIlS should see tha
Manufacturing: HachinesI

Are unsurpassed for the Factory or
Workshop !

CAUTION !

Beware of Imitations ! Attempts are made to palm them upon the unwary under the pretext

of being- on a " Singer Principle" or " System."
To Avoid Deception buy only at the Offices of the Company.

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & Co.),
Chief Counting-House in Europe-39, FOSTER LANE, E.G.

323 Branch Offices in the United Kingdom.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:
195, Holloway Road, N. 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N.,

51^ High Street, Camden Town, N.W.

147, CBeapside, E.G.

l.-,2, Oxford Street, W.

n & 33, Nowington Causeway, S.E

149, Sout,hvark Park Koad, S.E.

•i78, Clajjliam Road, S.W.

144, Brompton Road, S.W.
5:139, Commei-cial Road, E.
174, Hackney Road, E.
45, Broadway, Stratford, E.
8, Ordnance Row, Barking Road,
Canning Town, E.

6, High street, Woolwich.

7, Kew Road, Richmond, S.W.

1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W-
131, South Street, Greenwich, S.B.
4a^ North Tnd, Croydon, S.B.

Dec. 1, ISSI. THE .TOURNAT, OF DOMFSTIC AITLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

THE SINBER MANUFACTURINa COMPA

(Formerly I. M. SINGER & CO.),

nv.d-A-D^TJIF'j^aTTJI^EK.S OIF

SINGER'S SEWING MACHINES.

Chief Counting House in Europe ;

39 FOSTER LANE, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.G.

LONDON DISTRICT OFFICES:

147, Oheapside, E.G. ; 132, Oxford Street, W. ; 51, High Street, Camden Town, N.W. ; 31 and 33, Newington Causeway, S.E. ; 149, Blut
Ajichor Eoad, Bermondsey, S.E (now 149, Southwark Park Road) ; 278, Olapham Road, S.W. ; 144, Brompton Road, S."W. ; 269, Commercial
Road, E. (comer of Bedford Street) ; 174, Hackney Road, E. (opposite Weymouth Terrace) ; 3, Castle Street, Kingsland High Street, N, ;
1, Surinam Terrace, Stratford, E. (between Swan and Bank) ; 1, Rathbone Street. Barking Road, Canning Town, E. ■ 7, Kew Road,
Richmond, S.W. ; 1, Clarence Street, Kingston, S.W. ; 131, South Street, Greenwich, S.E. ; Croydon, ia. North End.

PROVINCIAL OFFICES:

ENQLAKD.

A-ccrington, 9, Peel-atreet
ftldershot, Victoria^road
Mfreton, 68, King-street
Ashford, 17, Marsh-street
Aehton-u.-Lyne, 246. Stamfd-st.
Aylecbury, Silver-street
Bakewell, North Church -street.
Banbury, Market Place
Bamsley, Eldon-street
Barrow -im-Fumess. i 1, DaJ^eith-

street
Bath, 5, Quiet^street
Batley, Commercial-street
Bedford, 36, Midland-road
Bicester, Sheep-street
Biggleswade^ Shortmead-Btreet
Bingley, Main-sta-eet.
Birkenhead, 164, Grange-lane
Birmingham, 93, New-street
Bishop Auckland, 29, South-rd.
Bishop Stortford, Wind Hill
Blackburn, 54a, Church-street
Blyth, "Woodbine-ter., ■Waterloo
Bolton, 53, Newport- street
Boston, 3^, Market-place
Bradford, 38, Mechanics' Instit.
Braintree, 7, Fairfield-road
Brentwood, 3, Crown-street
Brighton, 6, North. ,st.. Quadrant
Bristol, 18 & 19, High-street
Bromley (Kent), 18, High-street
Burnley, llO, St. James'-street
Btirton-on-Trent, 76, Guild-street
Bury-St.-Edmunds,78,8t.John-st.
Cambridge, 17, Petty Cury
Canterbury, 6, Hagh-street
Carlisle, Lome-bldga., Bank-et.
Chatham, 342, High-street
Cheadle, High-street
Chehnsford, High-street
Cheltenham, 24, PittviUe-street
Chester, 68, Foregate-street
Chesterfield, 1, Corporation-bldg»
Chichester, 54, East-street
Chorley, 50, Clifford-street
Cleckheaton, 5, Crown-street
Clitheroe, 39, Wellgate
Coalville, Station-street.
Colchester, 32, St. Botolph-atreet
Colne (Lancashire), 8, Arcade
Congleton, 7, Mill-street
CoTontry, il2, Fleet-street (oj

Bablake Church)
Crewe, 87 , Nantwich-road
l>T.rIington, 10, Prebend-roTf
Hartford, li, High-street

Deal, 124, Beach-street
Denbigh, 36, Park-street
Derby, 22, "Wardwick
Dewsbury, Nelflon-street (top of

Daiay-hill)
Doncaster, 23, Scot-lane
Douglas (Isle of Man), 5, Strand-
street
Dover, 9, Priory-street
Dovercourt, Harwich -road
Dudley, 217, "Wolverhampton-st.
Durham, 3, Neville-street
Eastbourne, 46, Terminus-road

(two doors from post office)
Eocles, 81, Church-street
Exeter, 19, Queen street
Folkestone, Market-place
Gloucester, 116, "Westgate-street
Grantham, 11, Wharf-road
Gravesend, 20, New-road
Grimsby, 57, Freema£.-^trt*Tt
Guernsey, 17, Smith-strefiFB
Guildford, 161, High-street
Halstead, 63, High-street
Hanley, 48, Piccadilly
Harrogate, U, Westmoreland-st.
Hastings, 48, Robertson-street
Heekmondwike,2, Market-street
Hednesford, Station-street
Hereford, 57, Commercial-street
Hertford, Forden House, Ware-
road
Hexham, 20, Market-place
High Wycombe, 123, Oxford-rd.
Hinckley, Castle-street
Huddersfield, 8, New-street
Hull, 61, Whitefriargate
Huntingdon, High-street
Ilkeston, 75, Bath- street
Ipswich, 19, Butter-market
Jersey, 14a, New-street
Keighley, 2, Market-place
Kendall, 3, Wild man-street
Kiddefmineter, Bull Ring
Lancaster, 19, Brock-street (cor-
ner of Penny-street)
Leamington, 38, Windsor-street
Leeds, V4, Boar-lane
Leek, 27, RuHsell-street
Leicester, 44, Qranby-street
Lewes, 164, High-street
Liverpool, 21, Bold-street
Longton (Staffs.), 12, Market-ter.^
Loughborough, 44, Market-place'
LowuE,toft, 123, High-street 1

Luton, 32, Park-street '

Lynn, 9, Nyrlu Ik-street i

lUiditonf , 8, King-at^"'. I

Maldon, High-street

po'5, Maiket-street
Manchester J 132, Cheetham-hill
( 43S, Stretford-road
Manningtree, High-street
Mansfield, 32, Nottingham-street
Market Drayton, Shropshir -st.
Market Harboro', Church-sti-eet
Melton Mowbray, Victoria House,

Market-place
Middlesboro', 59, Newport-road
Morley, 4, Bradford-buildings,

Chapel-hill
Newark, 15, Kirkgate
Newcastle-oa-Tyne, 16, Grainger-

street, W.
Newcastle-under-Lyne, 34, Bridge-
street
Newport (Mon.), 28, High-street
Newport(I of Wight),91,Pyle-st,
Newton Heath, 622, Oldham-road
Northampton, 3, Market-square
Northwich, 17, Witton-sti'eet
Norwich, 55, London-street
Nottingham, 20, Wheelergate
Oldham, 70, Yorkshire-street
Openshaw, 37, Ashton-old-road
Ormskirk, 58, Aughton-street
Oswestry, Bailey- street
Otley, 34, Kirkgate
Oxford, 3, New-road
Penrith, 8, Castlegate
Peterborough, 53, Narrow Bridge-
street
Plymouth, 3, Bank of England-pl.
Pontefract, 11, New Market-hall
Portsea, 165, Queen-street
Preston, 147, Friargate-stroet (op-
posite Lune-street
Ramsgate, 31, West Cliff-road
Rawtenstall, Bank-street
Reading, 61, London-street
Red Hill, High-street

Retford, 3, Grove-street
Eipley, Market-place
l.ipon, 1, Blos-somgate
Rochdale, 66, Yorkshire-street
Romford, Market-place
Bothorham, 109, Main-street
Rugby, Lawford-road
Runcorn, Hi^h-sti-eet
Rvde (Isleof Wightl, 78, T7nion-st,
Saffron Waldon, Church-street
Salisbury, 56, Fisherton-street
Salford, 4, Cro8&-i.aBLe. and 100,

Regent-road
Scarb'»rongh, 30, Ilunmsu-row

Scotholme, Basford-road
Sheffield, 37, Fargate
Shipley, 19, Kirkgate
Shrewsbury, 4, Market-street
Sittingbome, 64, High-street
Southampton, 105, High-street
Southend, Market-place
Southport, 7, Xlnion-street
St. Helen's, 31, Market-place
Stafford, 25, Gaol-road
Stamford, Ironmonger-street
South Stockton, 19, Mandale-road
Stockport, 11, Bridge-street
Stourbridge, 6'-Church-street
Stratford-on-Avon, 19, W^^od-st.
Stroud, 7, George-street
Swadlincote, Station c^reet
Swindon, 52, Regent-street
Tamworth, 54, Church-street
Taiinton, Bridge-street
Torquay, 58, Fleet-Street
Truro, 13, Victoria-place
Tunbridge Wells, Vale-road
Tunstall, 119, High-street
Wakefield, 9, Kirkgate
Walsall, 2, Bridge-street
Warrington, 44, Horsemarket-st,
Watford,;Queen's-road
Wednesbury, 67, Union-street
Wellington, Church-street
West Bromwich, 5, New-street
Whitehaven, 70, King-street
Wigan, 21, King-street
Winchester, 27, St. Thomas-street
Windsor, 64a, Peascod-street
Winsford, Over -lane
Wirksworth, North-end
Wisbeach, 51, Market-place
Wolverhampton, Queen-street
Worcester, 2, St. Nicholas-street
Wrexham, 7, Charles-street
Yarmouth, Broad-Row
York, 24, Coney-street

WALES.

Abergavenny, 19, Market-street
Aberystwith, Market-hall
Builth, High-street
Cardiff, 5, Queen-stretft
Carmarthen, 7, Lammas-street
Carnarvon, 5, Bridge-street
Dolgelly, Market-hall
Merthyr, 1, Victoria-street
NL'wtown, Market-hall
Pontypool, Market-hall
I'uiitypridd, Markot-hall
Swansea, 103, Oxford-street

SCOTLAND.

Aberdeen, 225, TTnion-streel
Arbroath, 159, High-street
Ayr, 60, High-street
Banff, 17, Strait-path
Cupar-Fife, 61, Crossgate
Dumbarton, 67, High-street
Dumfries, 127, High-street
Dimdee, 128, Nethergate
Dunfermline, 87, High-street
Edinburgh, 74, Princes-street
Elgin, 215, High-street
Forfar, 28, Castle-street *
Galashiels, 62, High-street
Glasgow, 39, Union-street
Greenock, 8, West Blackhall-rt
Hamilton, 32, Cadzow-street
Hawick, 3, Tower-knowe
Inverness, 14, Union-street
Kilmarnock, 83, King-stree*
Rirkcaldy, 69, High-'treet
Kirkwall (Orkney), Broad-street
Montrose, 96, Murray-street
Paisley, 101, High-street-cross
Partick, 97, Dumbarton-road
Perth, 64, St. John-street
Peterhead, Rose-street
Stirling, 61, Murray-place
'x'tin, Lamington-street
Thurs©, Princes-street

IRELAND.

Armagh, 2, Ogle'*treet
Athlone, Church-Street
Ballina, Bridge-street
Ballymena, 67 and 68, Church-st
Belfast, 3 and 4, Donegal-sq., K,
Carlow, Tullow-street
Coleraine, New-row
Cork, 79, Grand-parade
Drogheda, 97, St. GeorgeVstreet
Dublin, 69, Grafton-street
Ennia, Jail-street
Enniskillen, 15, High-street
Fermoy, 1, King-street
Galway, Domnick -street
Kilrusk. Moort-street
Kingstown, 65i Lower (reorgeHlS
Limerick, 31, Patrick-street
Londonderry, 1, Carlisle-road
Mullingar, G re ville- street
Navan, Trim gate-street
Newry, 18, Sugar-island
Parsonstown, 2, Seffins
Queenetown, Harbour-row
Sligo, 45, Knox-strwt
Traloe. io. Bridge-street
Waterfo-'d, 124, Quay
Wexlwd &«lskar^troA(

:"i-ri: .ji)U[!.NAL op domestic appliances and sewing maciiink gazette. dec. i, i^si.

WNE

30
CD

Having had a long practical experience in the Manufacture of the

Expressly for Exportation to extreme climates, has succeeded in producing an Instrument which combines
English durability and soundness, with first-class quality of tone.

JUSTIN BROWNT; can refer to customerg -whom he has supplied in New Zealand, Costa Rica, Peru, Calcutta, &o., all of whom have
expr^Bsei the {^leatest satisfaction, and renewed their orders. His prices will be found to be extremely low in proportion to the quality
of Pianos, and in comparison with those of other Houses where the same degree of soundness and durability is studied, the reason of tha
diiference being that in their case, selling as they do retail, there are heavy expenses for Show Rooms, Advertising, &o., which as a
Wholesale Manufacturer he does not incur ; having only Factory expenses, Ils ^an offer an equally good instrument at a much lower figure.

CATALOGUES OF DESIGNS AND PRICES SENT FREE.

JUSTIN BROWNE,

lANOFORTE IKEAMUFACTUBER,

237 & 239, EUSTON EOAD. LONDON, ENGLAND.

Dec. 1, 1«81. THE JOTJRNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AWD SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 11

The Only Gold Medal for Boot and Shoe Machinery /{warded at
Paris Exposition was for the Machinery of

THE BLAKE & GOODYEAR

BOOT AND SHOE Mmwm COMPANY,

LIMITED.

THE

BLAKE SOLE SEWING MACHINE

ON TEEMS, WITH OE WITHOUT P'^YAiTY.

A GREAT VARIETY OF KlACHINERY

FOE

HEEL NAILING AND TRIMMING,

EDGE TRIMMING AND SETTING,

SELF FEEDING POUCHES, RAND AND WELT CUTTING,

RAND TURNING,
SELF-FEEDING EYELET MACHINES,

STRAIGHT AND CIRCULAR READERS,
And a great variety of other Machinery and Patented Tools.

MANY OF OUR MACHINES MAY BE SEEN IN MOTION,

AT NEWPORT PLACE, LEICESTER.

Jlaw Hide Mallets & Hammers for Shoe Manufacturers & Machinists,
ROLLERS, PRESSES, KNIVES, AND IRON OR WOOD LASTS.

1. WOHSHIF STREET, LOMBOM, E.C.

THE JOTJKNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, 1881.

SIX -CORD SOFT AND EXTRA QUALITY GLACE

BEING OF VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED

C. arid Co. beg to direct attention to their
celebrated CROCHET or TATTING COTTON, in

Hanks or Balls.

£SrABLI?"^D 1752.

t T I

• • •

Jl Jl \

A long existing want supplied.

MACDONALD'S

PATENT HANGING BOOT

AND SHOE RACK,

FCR DRESSING ROOM, BARRACK,
CAMP AND CABIN.

Price, Polii-hed Oak, Biass Fittings, 3 ft. long IO3. 6d.

„ M 2 „ 8s. 6d.

„ „ Mahogany, Brass Fittings, 3ffc. long 9g. Od.

.. ., 2 „ 7s. 6d.

Forwarded on receipt of P. 0.0. made payable at General
PoBt Office to

Messrs. MACDONALD & Co.
30, King St., Cheapside, London, E.G.

Dec. 1, 1881.

The journal op domestic appliances and sewtng machine gazette.

R. PLATTS

Economy,
just published,

gY JAMES PLATT,
^UTHOE OF BUSINESS,

gCONOMY— Contents :—

INTEODUCTION — Economy, Divine Economy,
National Economy, Political Economy, Freedom of Trade, Taxation,
Concluding Remarks.

ECONOMY — 208 pages, crown 8vO., cloth, limp.
Price One Shilling.

ECONOMY.— Pages 28, 29 :— " Economy is the ' a?t of
using ' what we have mentally, physically, monetarily, to secure the best
poaaible result, calculating how to economise time, to use what we have with
prudence, to expend with frugaUty— the great secret of success, the essential
condition for an honest, a happy hfe, knowing how to ' economise our income.'
Who teaches the people the art of economy ? In what School or home are the
young trained to be economical ? Wliy is it that this science of sciences is
neglected ? Why is it that wo act as if this difficult task of managing our
pecuniary concerns with a wise frugaUty— making a prudent and judicious use
of our money— the habits of thrift necessary to acquire or save property— the
being careful, so as to economise in nil things, and by so doing, grow rich in
health, happiness, and wealth, is a study neglected, as if the gods would endow
ns with the power to secure the result we all want instinctively."

ECONOMY.— Pages 192, 193 : — " In ' Economy ' my
object has been to get men to have faith in 'principles,' the right of tho
individual to be free to make his own contract, the wisdom of leaving the prices
of all articles to the Creator's laws of supply and demand, the imperative
necessity of England's rigid adherence to 'Free Trade' — the basis of all economy
— as by its action nations become wealthy, and by its action alone will mankind
eventually become one brotherhood, each working for the otlier ; having at last
reaUscd the great truth that the doing to others as we would be done by, is the
wisest poUcy that any individual can follow. I have endeavoured to show that
' economy ' of resources, obtaming the maximum of result from the minimum of
means, is the essential point, the foundation-stone upon which the Divine
arrangement of the Universe is based; therefore, I have argued that man's
policy should be in harmony therewith, and based upon the same adherence to
sound economic laws. Economy has been generally treated of ; also, Pohtical
Economy: and under 'Free Trade ' is pointed out how we suiTered in the past,
how many other nations arc Buffering in the present, and how we should again
suiTcr if we returned to Reciprocity, ' EetaUation,' ' Fair Trade," or by any
deviation from the natural laws of Free Trade.'

PCONOMY.— Pages 149, 150 :— " Ereedom of trade is

•'-' essential for the world to derive the benefit of capital employed by
distributors, and nature trusts to the desire of acquisition of this class to search
out and find markets for the goods that each nation makes the cheapest, or
makes, or has (as in the case of wheat, &c.) more than is required. This class
are the men who are said by nature's law to ' buy in the cheapest and sell in the
dearest markets '—a remark often sneered at, but lull of wisdom— an edict of the
' Divine Economist," who trusts to the instincts implanted in man, and Avho made
those instincts so admirably adapted for his use— latent power ready, as
' necessity ' arose to be developed for his help.

pCONOMY. — To be had of any Bookseller in the

■'— ' Kingdom.

■pCONOMY.— To be had at the Eailway Bookstalls.

ECONOMY.— To be had of the Publishers, Simpkin,
JIarshall, and Co., Stationers'-hall-court, London, E.C.

pCONOMY.— 1st to 5th thousand. One Shilling.
DUSINESS.— 61st to 65th thousand. One Shilling.
jyrOEALITY.— 16th to 20th thousand. One Shilling.
J^ONEY.— 11th to 15th thousand. One Shilling.
T IFE.— 11th to 15th thousand. One Shilling.
JV/jTE. PLATT -will send a copy of either Business,

■*■'-'*■ &for.ality. Money, Life, or Economy post free for Is., or five hooks post
free for 5s.

pCONOMY.— Pages 156, 157 :— " Free Trade is natural,

■'■^ Protection is cruel and unuatural. For tlic peace and prosperity of the
world it is necessary that the nations trade togetlior ; for the people of every
nation to enjoy the best that the world in its entirety offers, it is necessary thpt
the ecouomic laws be followed by each in 'production and distribution.' Free
Trade opens all ports, weloomes from every land what it lias to spare, and gives
in exchange what it has an excess of. Free Trade means ' peace and plenty' for
all rbcn, ' each part of the world fully occupied in supplying to the other parts
what they are in need of, and taking in exchange what it is short of. It makes of
the world one market, free and open to receive the products of each and all,'—
all wisely engaged in producing wliat nature has enabled them to produce the
most efficiently and economically, and exclianging tlie suri'lus of each with one
another. It may seem a dream, but to nie, on obedience to this 'economical
law rests the salvation of the race ; the misery, jealousy, antagonism, supplanted
by plenty, mutual emulation ; each trying to do his best, happy in what he is
doing, as it would be natural and satisfactory ; one and all throughout the world
engaged in produ(;ing and distributing in the manner most conducive to the
prosperity and happiness of all."

gCONOMY— Pages 136, 137:— "All duties counteract

the operation of nature's an-angemeuts to bring prices down to the lowest;
they are an artificial inipi-dimcnt put up by selfish men to tho Creator's liberal
supplyof good things for all men. The action of duties is to enhance prices— that
is to say, to limit theii- use to the privileged few, when God wanted His bounty to
reach all of us. Stripped bare and viewed in their hideous nakedness, protection,
reciprocity, retaliation, 'fair ti'ade,' mean putting a burden upon all consumers,
putting a tax upon, taking out of the pockets of, the majority a sometliing to
prop up in an artificial and * minatural ' manner an industry by the minority that,
left alone, cannot sustain itself- is not worth, in fact, in the open market of tho
world wliiit it has cost to produce. If this be true, it is in defiance of all economic
laws, it is in defiance of what any indi\'idual can do long without becoming
bankrupt. It follows, therefore, inevitably that if followed by nations it is e<iually
unwise economically, and should be opposed with heart and soul by all patriots
and statesmen."

gCONOMY— Business, Morality, Money, Life.
QNE SHILLING EACH, are very suitable Presents.
PHEISTMAS and NEW YEAE'S GIFTS, or School

■PUSINESS describes the principles that earn success

"-* in life.

CONOMY is a readable and intelligible explanation

of Political Economy, Free Trade, and Protection, &c.

■^/rOEALITY gives the rules for conducting life morally.
lyrONEY explains the origin and nature of money, and

the value of banking, cheques, &c.

T IFE describes life as it is and as it might be.
gCONOMY- Pages 11, 12 ;— " It is of equal import-

ance to the nation at the present time that the people really understand
what ' Free Trade ' means, otherwise they will be led away by the plausible
appeals to impose duties under the disguise of 'Fair Trade,' 'Keciprocity,'
'Retaliation,' — all meaning Protection, under a new name— a return to the fatal
policy of the past. Protection adopted in any form by us will be an act of
national suicide. It would be our ruin as a commercial and manufacturing
nation, and deservedly so, as we know what is right, and must suffer if we lack
the moral cour-age to do it. There is no reason for ' Engkxnd's decline,' but to
maintain our position we must understand more clearly what that position is,
how it was gained, and how alone it can be maintained. By the time you have
read ' Economy ' I hope you will see that ' Protection ' injures the nation that
tries to protect itself; also, that if we buy of others they must buy of us. My
advice is — remove any existing restriction to ' Free Tr.ade,' home and foreign.
Encourage them to send here, as, if our goods be worth buying, in proportion as
we buy from others will those others be compelled to buy of us."

"PCONOMY.— Pages 161, 162 :— " Free trade reduces

the price of all commodities to the minimum ; protection enhances the
price not only of the article protected, but of all other articles consumed in the
protected State. Instead of getting extra strength for the battle, you create
interests, the vitality of which is entii-ely dependent on the national bounty, and
which are a perpetual drain upon the resources of the country ; and all under the
mistaken idea that you will not pay the foeigner for what you can produce
yourselves, forgettiii" that all 'commerce is barter,' that you pay him for his
goods by your goods, tliat you in reality give him what has cost you 15s.,
and in exchange for which you get what would cost you 20s. to make,
and he on his side gets from you for 15s. what would cost him 20s.
to make. So free trade benefits both parties ; and there is no surer evidence
that you are obeying the Creator's laws than when the eflfect of yoiu* acts
tends to the general benefit. Free trade is for the good of the people generally ;
protection is based upon the plea that the interests of certain limited classes
sliould be consulted to the detriment of the country and the world at large,
stripped bare, protection means ' that all should be injured in order that a few
should be favoured." It is a doctrine utterly false and untenable. It Implies
opposition to all change and denial of all progress, because the change might
be injurious to a few, though the progress would be beneficial to the many.
Free trade admits of no compromise ; the system is bad or good, right or wrong.
It is imperative, therefore, tliat the 'people understand it,' they are much
interested in it. There is nothing abstract or technical about it. Its benefits and
the disadvantages of its rival, protection, have been put forth clearly by myself
in these pages ; so that anyone can understand it. If I have myself understood,
you will see that if all the world but Great Britain repudiates free trade, the
advantage is to Great Britain, the loss to the rest of the world. You will see that
to ' sell much and buy little ' is an impossibility, as one depends upon, and is
equal with the other. ' Imports ' is a supply that creates compulsory demand.
You must import to export. You cannot export unless you import. To *sell
much, therefore, you must, by yom' production, be able to ' buy much."

■pCONOMY, Life, Money, Morality, Business.— Each

203 pages, crown 8vo, cloth limp, price Is.

"PCONOMY, Life, Money, Morahty, Business.— To be

had of the Publishers, Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., Stationer's-hall-comt,
London, E.C.

"PCONOMY, Life, Money, Morality, Business.— To be

had of any Bookseller in the Kingdom.

"PCONOMY, Life, Money, Morality, Business.— To be

■^ had at the Railway Bookstalls.

PCONOMY, Life, Money, Morahty, Business.— Mr.

■*— ' riatt, 77, St. JIartin's-lane, London, W.C, will send a copy of any one ol
these, post free, for One Shilling, or the five books, post free, for Five Shillings

THE JOtTENAL 01* DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWlNG MACHINE GAZETTE.

t)EC. 1, 1881.

Edinburgh Bicycle § Tricycle EiMMtlon, Dec, 1880

Where the Latest and Most Improved Machines for the Present

Season v/ere Exhibited.

BEST ROADSTER BICYCLE AND BEST ROADSTER TRICYCLE

Were awarded to the "CENTAUR" COMPANY COVENTRY,

THE TEST BEING

EXCELLENCE of WORKMANSHIP, INGENIOUS CONSTRUCTION, and EASE of PROPULSION

Full DescripUve Catalogues of the "Centaur " Bicycle and Tricycles, with Testimonials, Post Free en

Application-

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO SHIPPERS AND THE TEADE. RELIABLE AGENTS WANTED.

An Engine wliicli works without a Boiler or Steam.

AVERAGE EEONTHLY DELIVEET (Including Continental) OVER 180 ENGINES.

THE "OTTO" SILENT GAS ENGINE.

IS EAPIDLT EEPLACING STEAM ENGINES FEOM 1 to 40 HOESB POWEE IND.

WOf.KS & HEAD OFFICES:

*>«.«it Warlbro' St., Gloster Wh ^

mum

•9

;iTE

MANCHESTER.

LONDON HOUSE:

! 116, Queen Victoria Street, B.O,
LONDOir.

Dec. 1, 1881, THE .TOtTRNAL OF DOMESTIO APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

UNATTACHED

ATTACHED

courtney's

Improved PmILMm'^'^steer.

The objection raised by many to Fasteners now in use are that they

have a tendency to hurt the foot, but this is entirely obviated by using

our Improved Fastener, the cross bars of which fit in a grove on each side,

fitting securely in, and thereby making it perfectly flat, as well as round,

and consequently do not press into the foot as before mentioned.

COURTNEY & Co., Patentees, 42, St. Paul's Square, Birmingham.

TO BE OBTAINED FROM THE PRINCIPAL WHOLESALE HOUSES.

PATENT. SINGLE-STROKE STAPLE PRESS.

Secured ly Royal Letters Patent, No 166, 25th Feb., 1879.

For Bindinff Papers, Pamphleta, &c., sampling "Woollens, Cottons, Silks, &c., and for suspending
Show Cards, &c., McGUl's Patent Staple Fasteners and Staple Suspending Kings "will be found un-
surpassed in adaptability, and the only articles for the purposes intended that can be applied auto-
matically. McGill'a Patent Single-Stroke Staple Press automatically inserts these Fasteners and
Binge. A single stroke of the operator's hand upon the Plunger of the Press "will instantaneously
insert and clinch the Staple or King, in the articles to be bound or suspended.

Also HcGill's Patent American Paper Fasteners, Binders, Suspending
King's mnd Braces, Picture Hangers, &c., cheaper and superior to any staple Suspend-
other make. ing King,
68. per 1000

EUEOPEAN AGENTS— ,

P. W. LOTZ & Co., 20, Barbican, London, EC

wholesale only. discount to exporters.
Illustrated Catalogue and Price List on Application.

staple Fastener.
es. per 1000.

BROWN'SSATIN POLISH

Received the Highest Award and only Medal

Highest award Melbourne Exhibition, 1881.
Highest and only Award, Frankfort Exhibition, 1881.

I%e " Satin Polish" is the most elegant ai-ticle of the kUid ever produced.

LADIES' SHOES which have become Red and Rough by wearing, are restored to their ORIGINAL COLOUR
and LUSTRE, and WILL NOT SOIL the SKIRTS WHEN WET. Tarnished Patent Leather is improved by it.

For TRAVELLING BAGS, TRUNKS, HARNESS, CARRIAGE TOPS, &c., it is unequalled. It will not
harden the Leather nor crack. It is not a spirit varnish.

BROWN'S PATENT LEATHER DRESSING.— This Dressing, which is better known as Thin Dressing,
is suitable for Fine Leather Goods, holding its lustre much longer than the Dressings which have heretofore been
used and will not render them stiff and hard ; neither is the Leather as liable to mould. It is most admirably adapted
to the wants of dealers whose goods become shopworn, or in any way defaced.

Kept by all Wholesale Houses and all first-class Boot and Shoe Stores in the United Kingdom.

Pactobibs— 1.33 and 135, Fulton Street, 154 and 156, Commercial Street, Boston ; 377, St. Paul Street, Montreal ;
18 and 20, Norman's-Buildings, St. Luke's, London, B.C.

TBE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AWD SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Deo. 1, 1881

PRIZE MEDAL~[
AND AWARDS

\ PHILADELPHIA .

L 1878.

FLEXIBLE GLASS PAPER.

Unequalled for Durability and Strength,
EyERY SHEET IS WARRANTED AND STAMPED "OAKEY'S."

CAUTION.— NumeroTii -worthless imitations being noTT offered for sale, pnrohasers are requested to ask for "Oakey's," and to see that
the name is stamped upon every Sheet, for without it none is genuine. Note that the size of the Sheets is 12 by 10 inches.

SOLD EVERYWHERE BY LEATHER SELLERS, IRONMONGERS, OILMEN, &c. WHOLESALE BY

JOHN OAKEY & SONS,

jManufecturers of Emery, Blacklead, Emery and Glass Cloths, Glass and Emery Papers, dfco,,

WELLINGTON EMERY & BLACKLEAD MILLS, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, LONDON, 8.E.

DREW & CADMAN,

HOLBORN WORKS.

245 & 246, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W,C.,

(OPPOSITE DAY & MARTIN'S.)

BUILDERS AND SHOP-FITTERS

AND MAJNTUFACTURERS OF

PLATE GLASS SHOW CASES AND COUNTERS.

Brass W indow Fittings of every description made to order. Brass and Wood Name Plates, Lamps and Gas Brackets for Shop

Windows. Makers of improved Spring Blinds for Shop Fronts.
Etep ei-ienced men sent to any part of the country. Shop Fronts and Fittings manufactured especially for Exportation.

Manufacturers of Plats G1.^3s Show Stands snitable for all Trades, Boot Makers, Tobacconists, and for the display of all kinds of Fancy Qoodi
THE TBADE SUPPLIED WITH CONCAVE AND CONVEX MIRR0B8. PLATE GLASS SHELVES ANY SIZE OR SHAPE SUPPLIED.

By Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent.

Chase's Patent Acme Button Fastener.

The Cheapest and Best Fastening for a Boot.

MANUFACTURED BY

"VST. G 131 J^ S E & (DC:>.,

16, Little Trinity Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, E.G.

FIC.A

FIC.B

£.ijij:.

Deo. 1, 18SI. THE JOURNAL OF DOMES 1"IC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

THOMAS SMITH & SONS,

fSTABLISHED 1848.

PATENTEES.

THE ORIGINAL MANUFACTURERS OF

EVEET PAET SUPPLIED IN VAEIOTJS STAGES,

Prom the Rough Stamping or Forgings to the
Complete Finished Article.

J^one hut the very best Brands of Material used for the several purpose
embracing LOW MOOE IRON, BEST BEST GUK, ^c., ^g.

VERY SPECIAL IN ALL SUNDRIES AND APPLIANCES,

rNOLUDING ALL NEWEST DESIGNS AND PEINCIPLES IN

SADDLES, VALISES, SPANNERS, LAMPS, \

61, HOLBORN VIADUCT,

LONDON. E.G.

Works :—Saltley Mill, Birmingham.

DEALEES ARE INVITED TO APPLY FOK WHOLESALE TERMS

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1 1R81

WAN

LOCK-STITCH, HAND OR FOOT,

WANZER "^"

IS THE

Great Mechanical Success of the Age.

It comhines all the known advantages of other

Machines. Mounted on Ornamental Iron Base,

Four Guineas complete.

First Prize Medals, Honours & Awards, wherever Exhibited.

THE NEW " LITTLE ■WANZEE."-Entirely reconstructed and improved
Nickel- plated, Loose Wheel, New Patent Shuttle, Take-up Lever and
Spooler. £4 4s. ^

WANZER "A," Simplicity Itself— The most powerful yet lifihtrunninp
Hand Machine, straight race. £4 4s. ■■ » s

WANZER "C" Light Foot Family Machine, entirely New, with everr

improvement up to 1879. £6 Os.

WANZER " F " Family Machine, with Reversible Feed and Stitch
Lever. £7 10s.

WANZER "E" Wheel Feed Machine, for heavy work of all kinds
£8 83.

WANZER PLAITING, KILTING AND BASTING

MACHINES,

Over 200 varieties of perfect Plaiting or Kilting, from 30s. complete. Tht
only Machine Kilting and Basting at one operation.

The Wanzer Sewing Machine Company ^

LIMITED,

Chief Office— 4, GREAT PORTLAND ST.,
OXFORD CIRCUS, LONDON. W.

NEW HIGH-CLASS WASHING MACHINE.

The "PARAGON"" Washer, Wringer and Mangier (KENWORTHY'S Patent) is a compact

powerful, and easily-worked Machine, the highest type of perfection and scientific construction, and

contains more of all that is excellent than any other Washing Machine in the

world, and is rapidly gaining the reputation of being the best for Family use.

Awarded Highest Honours in Trial of Washing Machines at the National

Agricultural Show, Southport ; Amalgamated Society's Show. Newton Heath,

Manchester, First Prize, Silver Medal ; Oldham Agricultural Show, First Prize,

Silver Medal, General Competition, and also an extra First Prize, Silver Medal,

If or Improvements ; Worsley Agricultural Show, the Society's Medal ; Altrincham

Agricultural Show, First Prize : Crompton and Shaw Agricultural Show. First

Prize. Society's Medal ; Saddleworth Agricultural Show. First Prize, Society's

Medal ; also gained Prizes and Honours at the Northumberland, Halifax, Tod-

5 morden, and Preston Agricultural Shows.

Showing Plukqbb,
which works up and
down in tub aboat 60
times per minute, at-
mospheriefilly forcing
the hot water and soap
through the clothes,
thus T\oK only loosing
thedirt but thoroughly
removing it in a short
space of time, without
any possibilitjof wear-
ing or injuring the
most delicate articles.

Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of the Celebrated and World-Eenowned PATENT " CANADIAN WASHER," .
•which is the most Simple, most Effective, and the most Economical Washer ever offered to the Public. This is
on the same principle as the " Paragon Washer " Plunger, but is made to use by hand in any ordinary maiden tub,
•washtub, or bowl. Over 30,000 have been sold in a short time.

AGENTS WANTED in Districts not yet Represented.

E. N. KENWORTHY & CO., ^''E^i^''^'^^^^' OLDHAM, LANCASHIRE-

Mr. Jordan Evans, 92, Cawder Street, Prince's Road, Liverpool, says : —
" I beg to inform you that the ' PARAGON ' Washing, Wringing, and
Mangling Machine supplied by you some time ago is a great success, perform-
ing all you claim for it, and more. The mechanism is simple, yet effective
the articles to be cleansed being acted upon by atmospheric pressure and
luotion alternately, instead of being turned and twisted round, as in most
other Machines, the most delicate fabrics are uninjured. I may add that a
wash which previously took eight hours can be comfortably completed in lea
than two hours."

Dec. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

COMING OF AGE OP MR. WILLIAM LITLBE
BRADFORD.

IT is by no means unusual to hear of a youth arriving at
that particular age when he becomes, so far as the English
law is concerned, a man, with a man's responsibilities. It
is, howevei', not everyone, when "passing from youth into
manhood," who has such cause to remember that occasion as
Mr. William Litler Bradford. On the 19th of October this
gei:tieman reached man's estate, and on Saturday, the 22nd
of October, the occasion was celebrated by a banquet at Belle
Vue, Manchester. Mr. Wm. Litler Bradford is the only son of
Mr. Thomas Bradford, whose name in connection with laundry
machinery is as " famihar to our ears as household words."
Some time ago, on it becoming known that Mr. Thomas
Bradford, on the occasion of his son attaining his majority,
bad determined that the event should be befittingly celebrated,
the employes of the firm of Messrs. Thomas Bradford and Co.,
from managers to office boys, all expressed a desire to show in
some tangible way, however inadequately, the good feeling
they entertained towards and the high opinion they had formed
of the founder of the Crescent Iron Works. A committee was
chosen from amongst the employes to consider in what way
they could best accomplish their object. There was a con-
currence of opinion in the executive that to honour the son was
an evidence of respect and kindly feeling to the father, which
he would not be slew to appreciate and acknowledge. They
were not, as events subsequently demonstrated, mistaken in
this conviction. Presents were purchased, congratulatory
addresses drawn up, illuminated and framed, ready for pre-
sentation to Mr. William Litler Bradford. But Mr. Thomas
Bradford was not overlooked. He was requested to sit for his
portrait, and did so, to the evident pleasure of the committee.
Wheninvitations were issued to the 500 workpeople principally
employed by the firm at the Crescent Ironworks to attend a
banquet at Belle Vue, Manchester, much satisfaction was
expressed, heightened, as it must have been, by the announce-
ment that their wives and in some instances daughters could,
if they were so disposed, enjoy Mr. Bradford's generous
hospitality. Fully 600 persons were conveyed by special train
from Cross-lane Station to Longsight early in the afternoon,
where they wei-e jomed by many others who had travelled to
the gardens by special vehicles. Shortly after four the com-
pany sat down to a capital spread in one of the large dining
halls. At an elevated cross table were a few of Mr. Bradford's
relatives and personal friends. Mr. Thomas Bkadfobd
occupied the chair, supported by many relatives and friends.

The President, giving a hearty welcome to all present,
said: — Wednesday, the 19th Oct., was to me and Mrs. Brad-
ford a day of joyfulness and thankfulness at our home. The
cause of that great joy was that our only son, whose childhood,
whose boyhood, whose youth had been one continued source or
happiness to us, had, in answer to our prayers to Almighty
God, been spared to grow up to manhood. No wonder, then,
our rejoicing on that day. When we received congratulations
one after another, and especially when we received congratula-
tions through your committee, which you were good enough
to send to my house, our cup of happiness was overflowing.
(Cheei-s.) We had in some measure anticipated this day, and
you all should have shared it with us if our home had been
large enough to accommodate you. (Cheers.) But that was
impossible. We then tried if we could not find a room large
enough for you in Pendleton, for my desire was that it should
be held in the township in which my works and house are
situated, but one could not be found. This celebration is, to
both Mrs. Bradford and myself, the greatest event of our Hves
next to our marriage. (Cheers.) We were anxious that every
employ^ and his wife should be present, so that their enjoy-
ment should be complete, and I am sure we are amply rapaid
in what we see before us. (Cheers.)

After an excellent dinner, the usual loyal toasts were
honoured, followed by the "Health of the Clergy and Minis-
ters," which was responded to by

The Rev. H. Sayess, who said :— When Mr. Bradford first
went to live in his parish, he did not ask to what body of
Christians he belonged, but what kind of a man he was, and
he was told that he was a " thorough good man." He would

tell them what puzzled him about Mr. Bradford. He was
curious to know to what nationality he belonged. (Laughter.)
He saw the large works at the Crescent, and came to the con-
clusion that there was a fine "back head" at the top of the
department, and from that circumstance came to the decision
that he was an Englishman. (Laughter.) But he heard that
Mr. Bradford had a very long head, made his works pay when
other people were losing money, and that whether trade was
good or iDad, he always kept his people about him and his
works going. On hearing that he said, " This man must be a
Scotchman." (Laughter.) Another circumstance happened
which caused him to wonder whether Mr. Bradford was an
Irishman. (Laughter.) But when he came to know him inti-
mate, he found that he was born in Cheshire. The County of
Chester might be proud of giving him birth. (Cheers.) After
to-night they would call him a Lancashire man ; and he con-
gratulated Mr. Bradford, in the presence of them all, on his
great success, and he rejoiced that his son's majority was being
celebrated. (Cheers.) England would never go down so long
as master and people exhibited towards each other such
friendly relations as they had evidence of to-night. (Cheers.)
Of late we had passed through troublous times of bad seasons
and bad trade, but he hoped this year would be marked by
prosperity. (Cheers.)

The toast of the evening, that of " The health of Mr. W. L.
Bradford," was proposed by

Mr. John Deane (foreman fitter, and one of the oldest
employes). He said: This is a great honour to which I never
aspired, and one which ought certainly to have fallen into
abler hands. But if the hands are weak and feeble, I feel sure
that the toast could not have fallen to one that had a warmer
and more sympathetic heart. I have known Mr. W. L. Brad-
ford from his earliest infancy, and it has been with very great
pleasure that I have seen his growth in stature and wisdom.
(Hear, hear.) He has arrived at his majority under very
favourable auspices, and I take this opportunity of wishing
him " many happy returns." In every department of the
works we have received him with open arms as our young
master. (Hear, hear.) Let us render him cheerful, loving
obedience, that things may go on harmoniously and pros-
perously. (Cheers.)

Mr. Giles (in company with Messrs. Griffiths, Nixon,
Higson, and Thorpe) presented the appended address, which
that gentleman read :— " From the Crescent Ironworks, Sal-
ford, and the Manchester and Liverpool branches. — To Mr.
William Litler Bradford, Sandy Mount, Eccleg Old-road,
Pendleton.— Dear Sir,— We, the undersigned, representing the
employes of Messrs. Thomas Bradford and Co., at the Crescent
Ironwork.", Salford, Victoria-avenue, Manchester, and 130,
Bold-street, Liverpool, on the occasion of your attaining your
majority, offer you our most hearty congratulations and best
wishes for your future prosperity and happiness. Aa a token
of our esteem and respect we beg your acceptance of the
accompanying portrait of your father, Thomas Bradford, Esq.,
J. P., whose example we trust may cheer and guide you and be
an incentive to you all your life long. — Yours most sincerely.
Signed by eight." The address was written on veUum and
illuminated.

Mr. Gosling next read the following address:— " From
the London branch.— To William Litler Bradford, Esq., on
the attainment of his majority, 19th October, 1881.— We, the
employes of the London branch of Messrs. Thomas Bradford
and Co., beg your acceptance of the accompanying silver
casket as a token of our high esteem and regard, conveying
therewith our hearty good wishes for your success and pros-
perity in the future. Signed by 29." This gift was a chased
silver casket, specially designed by Mr. Gosling, the principal
draughtsman of the firm. The cover is surmounted by the
figure of Agriculture, and at each corner are figures emblamatio
of Art, Science, Commerce, and Industry. The address was
illuminated.

Miss Pettengill (who was joined by Miss Brunsden and
Mr. Alfred Lake) read the following illuminated address: —
"From Upper Norwood (London).— Mr. W. L. Bradford. —
Dear Sir, — We, the employes of Thomas Bradford and Co., at
the Laundry, Upper Norwood, offer you our sincere congratu-
lations on the attainment of your majority. We desire your

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881.

acceptance of the accompanying cabinet as a slight expression
of the I'espect and esteem in which you are held by all, and
of our earnest desire that your future life may be happy and
prosperous, and that you may be permitted many joyful
returns of the day." The present consisted of a massive
inlaid oak cabinet with elaborate fittings.

Mr. Hughes (Ireland) read the following address : —
" Address to William Litler Bradford, Esq.— Dear Sir, — We
beg to tender you our sincere congratulations on this the
happy occasion of attaining your majority, and we hail the
erent with sincere satisfaction. We rejoice that your career
opens amidst enthusiastic welcome and good wishes of the
large circle which your father's integrity and successful career
in life introduce you to. We pray that your worthy parents
may live long to guide and assist you in the future as they
have done Ln the past with their wise counsels, and to see
their fondest wishes in your regard fully accomplished. A
happy augury of the future may be drawn from hopes which
your demeanour has already inspired. We trust the small
token of respect which we herewith take the liberty of begging
your acceptance of will remind you that in Ireland, as well as
in every other portion of the globe where the name of Brad-
ford is so honourably and univeisally known, will be deemed
by you worthy of acceptance. On that journey of life you
have now commenced we wish you a hearty God speed, and
remain faithfully yours, (Signed) R. L. Hughes, George
Hughes." This token of regard consisted of a clock in bog
oak, with elaborately chased silver moimtings and inscrip-
tion.

Mr. William Catt read an address from persons formerly
in the employ of Messrs. Bradford. This address was acconi-
panied by a splendid gold pendant for watch chain.

There were numerous other presents from private friends.

Mr. W. L. Bradford, on rising to respond, was loudly
cheered. He said : Ladies and Gentlemen, — Your great kind-
ness has not altogether been unexpected by me. I have there-
fore to address a few words to you by way of thanks for your
warm reception. I shoidd imagine it a most difficult thing at
any time to make a fit reply to one's own henlth, but it is much
more difficult to address for the first time a large meeting
where you have not only to respond on your own behalf, but to
thank so many persons for their beautiful presents. Be assured
I thank you forwbat I even value more than the presents — the
kind expression Contained in the addresses which accompany
them. It is quite impossible for me to adequately thank you,
but yon will believe me when I tell you that I thank you
with all my heart, and you wUl please imagine what I am
unable to express. It is quite unnecessary for me to speak
in terms of praise of your presents. Previously it bas been
my good fortune to have received presents from some of you,
which I have taken as tributes to my father's efforts on your
behalf. I trust that in the present case, without being pre-
sumptuous— considering that I have been associated with some
of you for years — I may be able to take for myself some small
portion of the great kindness you have shown this evening.
(Hear, hear.) In conclusion I would wish to express a hope
that the good understanding which has existed between us will
ever continue. (Cheers.) I venture to affirm that the ladies,
whom I also thank, may have exerted on my behalf that
quiet influence which they possess, and which is more felt than
seen. (Cheers.)

Mr. Bolton, of the Crescent Works, proposed the health of
"Mr. and Mrs. Bradford." He said: It is with mingled
feelings of diffidence and pie i sure that I rise to propose this
toast — diffidence as to my ability to do justice to it, and
pleasure at the honour conferred on me. It must, I am sure,
rejoice everyone present that Mr. and Mrs. Bradford this
evening are permitted to see the realisation of their fondest
hopes, and the consummation of a worthy ambition. (Hear,
hear.) On the one hand they have the deep pleasure which
only a parent can feel when a son, whose life and character
are without reproach, arrives, after many cares and anxieties
on his behalf, at the age of maturity, and, on the other hand,
we see a business enterprise which, contemporaneously with
that son, has risen and grown until it stands before us to-day
a magnificent success. (Hear, hear.) It is exceedingly
gratifying to every individual subscriber that the splendid

portrait which has been presented this evening enables us not
only to show our esteem and affection for Mr. Wm. Litler
Bradford, but also to do honour to our worthy president, in
whom we all recognise a public benefactor. Springing from
the ranks, he has, by his inventive genius, great ability, and
indomitable energy, created a manufacturing and commercial
establishment which gives daily sustenance to hundreds of
families, and whose productions have carried increased com-
forts into tens of thousands of households and various
institutions throughout the civilised globe. (Cheers.) We
feel also that this portrait wiU, like the scrip of a successful
company, continue to rise in value as the years roll by, and a
time will arrive (a far distant time, we hope), when the origi-
nal, having paid the debt of nature, this portrait will become
a priceless heirloom. (Hear, hear.) Of Mrs. Bradford I will
not presume to say more than this, that she is one of those
mothers of whom it is said, " Her childrsn shall rise up and
call her blessed." It will be a pleasure to Mr. Bradford, as
well as to Mr. William Litler Bradford, to know that the
subscriptions to the fmid for the portrait were given by every-
one, from the highest to the lowest, with a heartiness and
equanimity which were unmistakable, and it was highly grati-
fying to the executive committee when they received a message
from the workmen that if more funds were needed they would
make a further efi'ort. (Hear, hear.) I shall only echo the
general sentiment of this assembly by giving expression to
the hope that Mr. and Mrs. Bradford and their son may long
remain what they are this evening — a happy and united family.
(Cheers.)

Mr. BoLTOsr read the following address: — "From the
Crescent Ironworks, Salford, and the Manchester and Liver-
pool branches. — To Thomas Bradford, Esq., J. P., Sandy
Mount, Eccles Old Eoad, Pendleton. — Dear Sir, — On the
happy occasion of your son, Mr. William Litler Bradford,
coming of age, we beg to offer you our hearty congratulations.
We take the opportunity of expressing our fervent wishes that
he may be a comfort and honour to Mrs. Bradford and your-
self, and that you may both live to see him emulate your
examijle and achieve as great a success. We beg your accept-
ance of this Album not only as a memento of the day, but also
as a slight acknowledgment of the kindness and sympathy you
have always shown us. Permit us also to wish Mrs, Bradford
and yourself, under the blessing of Divine Providence, con-
tmued health and increasing happiness. And believe us, dear
sir, on behalf of the employes at the Crescent Ironworks,
Salford, Victoria Avenue, Manchester, and Bold-street, Liver-
pool.— Tours most sincerely. Signed by a committee of 20."
The present consisted of a handsome album containing beauti-
fully coloured portraits of Mr. Thos. Bradford, Mrs. Bradford,
and Mr. William Litler Bradford, and the above address,
illuminated on each page, foUowed by the autographs of the
principal employes at Crescent Ironworks and the Manchester
and Liverpool warehouses.

Mr. Barrett read the appended address: — "From the
London branch. — To Thomas Bradford, Esq., J.P., Sandy
Mount, Pendleton, Manchester. — Dear Sir, — As employes con-
nected with the London branch of your business, we desire to
convey to Mrs. Bradford and yourself our heartfelt congratula-
tions on the attainment by your son, Mr. William Litler
Bradford, of his majority. We pray that his future career
may be one of unalloyed happiness and success, and that he
may long enjoy your paternal love and guidance, and ever
receive the blessing of the Almighty. — We are, dear sir, your
faithful servants, Signed by 29." The address was framed and
beautifully executed, and signed by the principal employes at
the London office and warehouse.

Miss Pettengill, who was accompanied by Miss Brunsden
and Mr. Alfred Lake, read an address of which the following is
a copy : — " Prom Upper Norwood. — To Thomas Bradford, Esq.
■ — Dear Sir, — We all feel that we cannot allow this day to pass
over without expressing to yourself and Mrs. Bradford our
participation in your joy. We are thankful that you have both
been spared to see your son attain his majority, and we most
sincerely trust that your home circle may remain unbroken for
many years. On behalf of all employed at your Steam Laundry
at Upper Norwood, London." The address, which was beauti-
fully framed and executed, was signed by the manageress,

Dec. 1,1881.

THE JOlTRIfAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE OAZETTE.

Miss Pettengill, for the employes at the staam. laundry, Upper
NovTvood.

The President said : — I am sure you will quite understand
I shall feel somewhat bewildered in having to reply to the
many kind remarks made about me. My son has got over his
diiJioulty very well, I think. (Hear, hear.) I thank you
collectively for these tokens of regard and expressions of
goodwill to me to-night. You all know me sufficiently well,
better than anyone else, what my feelings are towards you.
(Hear, hear.) I ask myself "Do I deserve this great con-
sideration you have shown me, this great kindness ? Have I
done my duty to you so thoroughly that I can conscientiously
feel that I am justified in receiving these presents at your
hands ?" Well, if I have so conducted myself as to be worthy
of all the respect and consideration you have evinced, not only
to myself but to my son, then I must thank God that he has
so enabled me to walk rightly and justly before you, I have
always desired to deal with every man fairly and every boy
and girl in my employ just as if they were my own children.
(Cheers.). I have endeavoured also so to guide and direct my
business, and it has been to me a proud satisfaction to see it
grow year by year, and more especially so with regard to
Norwood. (Hear, hear.) I know I established a kindly feeling
there among my workpeople during my residence in London.
Some who entered my service as boys and girls, I have seen
■with pleasure grow up into men and women, and am gratified
to see some of them present this evening. (Hear, hear.)
During the past thirty years, as you all know, I have had a
great deal of work to do. Hundreds of times I have gone
home exhausted and weary, but in a few moment^i it has passed
away, and there has gone on an unbroken period of happiness
between myself and wife which it is my duty now to testify
before her. (Cheers.) I could not have done all I have done
had it not have been for her support. Now I must say a
word of some of my old friends, some of whom were with me
twenty years ago, when things were not so smooth as at
present, and without whose help I should never have been able
to have attained my present position. I could not have done
it ; I should have been fast many times. If I have wanted
anything carrying out, any mechanical difficulty or whatever
it might be, overcome, I always knew where, and to whom to
go, and found them ready to help me. (Hear, hear.) The
very best evidence that I have been able to carry on my
business satisfactorily is that so large a number of my old
employes join with me this evening in my happiness. It was
ever my desire to do some good in the world ; it was the dream
of my youth and my early manhood to become not only a
fellow-worker, but, if possible, a creator of some industrial
development that should benefit mankind ; and my dream has,
I believe, been realised. (Cheers.)

Mr. W. L. Dean proposed "Crescent Iron Works," and
remarked that he felt proud to be considered one of their
number; they were all fellow -workers in a firm occupying the
proud position of being second to none in their way in the
world. He sincerely trusted that the star of Crescent Iron-
works might always be in the ascendant. (Cheers.) Mr.
Brown, in supporting the toast, said it was one which would
commend itself to all present. (Hear, hear.) Mr. PARTING-
TON responded. He hoped that the works might grow " and
the sun of prosperity shine upon it." (Hear, hear.) Mr.
Giles said it was an exceedingly pleasant duty to reply to the
toast. He hoped that every employe would do his utmost to
increase the prosperity of the firm in the future, as they had
striven to do in the past— a fact which he beKeved Mr. Brad-
ford appreciated. (Cheers.)

Mi\ Harrison proposed " Oui' Branch Establishments.'
He observed that the toast was one of perhaps greater
importance than would appear at first sight, inasmuch
as many of them were awai-e that those bi-auches were
the great feeders of the Crescent Iron Works. Why
of all others he had chosen to propose the toast, he
was at a loss to conjecture, unless it was that he was
and had been closely associated with them in the performance
of his duties. If that were so, he could assure them he did it
with the kindliest feeling, and he could testify to the unanimity
and good understanding that had always existed between the
works and the branches. (Hear, hear.) He sincerely trusted

the good feeling might continue, and that they would always
remember they were servants of the same firm. Mr. Barratt
(Loudon) i-esponded. He said it was now 1 loked upon " as a
mark of civilisation when people possessed Bradford's washing
machines." Mr. Nixon (Manchester), Mr. Higson (Liverpool),
and Mr. Catt (Norwood), also responded for their respective
establishments. The last-named gentleman, referring to the
perfection of laundry machinery, said " Mr. Bradford would be
known as one of the greatest sanitary reformers of the 19fch
century." (Cheers.)

" The Visitors " having been proposed, and responded to by
Alderman Davies, and "The Ladies" duly honoured, the
company separated after a most enjoyable evening.

THE COMBINATION COT"
Mr. T. HanseU, of St. Albans, has just introduced a con-

.y-

vertable cot, which forms also a basinett with movable rockers,
and as invalid's table. Our three illustrations -sviU. give a very

good idea of this invention, which is highly recommended for
durability, strength, elegance, and economy. The combination

cot has been exhibited at one or two exhibitions, where it has
met with universal praise.

THE JOtTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881

The following list has been compiled expressly for the " Journal
of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette," hy G. F.
Kedfebn, Patent Agent, i. South Street, Finsbury, London, and
at Paris and Brussels.

APPLICATIONS FOB LETTERS PATENT : —

No. 4,42$. H. J. Haddan— a oommumcation from E. I. Creelman,
of Georgetown, Ontario, Canada, for improve-
ments in knitting machines. Dated October 11,
1881.

„ 4,430. T. T. Harrison, of Bristol, for improvements in
bicycles. Dated October 11, 1881.

,, 4,431. H. E. Newton — a communication from J. Jorgensen,
of Petersburg, Virginia, United States, for im-
provements in tables and cabinets for .sewing
machines and other machines and instruments.
Dated October 11, 1881.

„ 4,431. A. M. Clai-k — a communication from S. N. Silver, of
Auburn, and C. E. Page, of Biddeford, both in
Maine, United States, for improvements in
tricycles. Dated October 11, 1881.
T. G. Young, of Penicuik,' Midlothian, North Britain,
for improvements in bleaching jute. Dated
October 13, 1881.
W. Dexter, of Nottingham, for improvements in warp
or straight bar knitting machines, and in the
fabric produced thereon. Dated October 13,
1881.
J. H. Miles, of Birmingham, Perambulator and Bath
Chair Manufacturer, for improvements in
perambulators. Dated October 1 3, 1881.

F. W. Eicke, of Beulah Hill, Norwood, London,
Gentleman, for improvements in the construc-
tion of velocipedes. Dated October 18, 1881.

S. Hall, of Harringtou-street, Hampstead-road,
London, for improvements in velocipedes. Dated
October 18, 1881.

M. H. Pearson, of Leeds, for improvements in sewing
machines. Dated October 18, 1881.

J. Dowling, of Jewin-street, London, Engineer and
Machinist, for improvements 'in plaiting
machines. Dated October 20, 1881.

G. Singer, of Coventry, for improvements in veloci-
pedes. Dated October 20, 1881.

J. Court, of Brompton-road, London, for improved
means or appliances for ventilating, heating,
and cooling. Dated October 21, 1881.

„ 4,621. P. Wirth — a communication from P. Adt, 111, P. Adt,
junior, J. B. Adt, and E. Adt, of Forbach,
Germany, Ensheim, Germany, and Pont-^-
MouBson, France, for an improved device to be
used as a reel or spool for holding thread. Dated
October 21, 1881.

„ 4,639. T. B. Giffen and J. Dold, both of Glasgow, for im-
provements in sewing machines. Dated October
22, 1881.

„ 4,663. E. P. Alexander — a communication from C. Martin,
of Paris, Manufacturer of Gas Heating' Appa-
ratus, for improvements in burners for gas
stoves for cooking and other purposes. Dated
October 25, 1881,

„ 4,678. S. Leoni, of St. Paul-street, New North-road, London,
Engineer, for improvements in apparatus for
heating, cooking, and boiling water by gas.
Dated October 26, 1881.

„ 4,710. 0. Drey, of Manchester, for improvements in the
manufacture of certain woven fabrics. Dated
October 27, 1881.

„ 4,722. F. W. Jones, of Exeter, for improvements in and
relating to velocipedes, part of which is applic-

4457.

4,463.

J»

4,467.

»»

4,5 12.

4,548.

»»

4,534.

4,587.

J»

4,600.

4,699.

„ 4,752.

„ 4,769.

„ 4,782.

„ 4,817. L

„ 4,829.

„ 4,841.

„ 4,846.

„ 4,894.

„ 4,901.

„ 4,917.

Letters

No. 1,814.

„ 1,860.

„ 1,871.

„ 1,878.

„ 1,951.

„ 2,145. W

., 2,161.

„ 2,177.

„ 2,183. C.

„ 2,202.

„ 2,258.

„ 2,546.

„ 3,272.

able also to other purposes. Dated October 28,
1881.

M. Bauer — a communication from P. Beste, Gentle-
man, of St. Denis, Seine, France, for improve-
ments in apparatus for weaving or braiding
hollow articles. Dated October 31, 1881.

J. Deacon, of Birmingham, for improvements in
mangles. Dated November 1, 1881.

E. H. Smith, of New York, United States, for an
improved method of, and machinery or apparatus
for, sewing materials in the manufacture of sails,
tents, and other heavy work. Dated November 1,
1881.
A. Groth — a communication from E. Steiner, of
Groz, Austria, for improvements in spooling
apparatus for sewing machines. Dated Nov. 3,
1881.

A. Archer, of Birmingham, Brassfounder, for improve-
ments in tricycles and other velocipedes. Dated
November 3, 1881.
H. Brookbank, of Camden Town, London, for
improvements in the construction of pianoforte
actions. Dated November 4, 1881.
McC. Chamberlain, of Faraday-road, Notting-hill,
London, for improvements in pleating and frilling
machines. Dated November 4, 1881.

W . Harrison, of Portland-street, Manchester, Mechanic,
for improvements in knitting machines. Dated
November 8, 1881.

R. E. Phillips, of Great George-street, Westminster,
London, for improvements iu the construction
of velocipedes^ partly applicable also to other
purposes. Dated November 9, 1881.

L. E. Broadbeut, of Stamford-street, London, for im-
provements in the construction of bicycles,
tricycles, and quadricycles. Dated November 9,
1881.

Patent have been issued for the follo'wing : —

W. Morgan-Brown — a communication from J. Eeeoe,
of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, for im-
provements in button-hole sewing machines.
Dated April 27, 1881.

J. Harrington, of Norman's-buildings, St. Luke's,
J ondon, for improvements in tricycles and other
velocipedes. Dated April 29, 1881.

A. G. Meeze, of Eedhill, Surrey, and N. Salamon, of
Holborn Viaduct, London, Sewing Machine
Factor, for improvements in the construction and
fitting of velocipedes. Dated April 30, 1881.

M. McCallum, of Barrhead, Eeafrewshire, North
Britain, Engineer, for improvements in apparatus
for finishing woven fabrics. Dated May 2, 1881.

M. C. Denne, of Eastbourne, Sussex, and T. J, Denne,
of Eedhill, Surrey, for improvements in sewing
machines for producing the " gauging " or
" running " stitch. Dated May 4, 1881.
E. Lake — a communication from D. H. Campbell,
of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, United States, for
improvements in wax thread sewing machines.
Dated May 17, 1881.

A. Burdess, of Coventry, for improvements in driving
mechanism for tricycles. Dated May 18, 1881.

E. Blinkhorn and F. A. C. Groebert — a communication
from H. Axmann, of Vienna, for an improved
construction of stocking and sock suspender
clasps. Dated May 18, 1881.
Pieper — a communication from J. Stern, Mer-
chant, of ,St. Petersburg, Russia, for improve-
ments in lock-stitch sewing machines. Dated
May 19, 1881.

E. Marshall, of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer,
for improvements in bicycles, tricycles, and other
velocipedes. Dated May 19, 1881.

H. J. Haddon — a communication from. J. A. MoKenzie,
of Galesbury, Illinois, United States, for im-
provements in tricycles. Dated May 24, 1881.

H. J. Haddon — a communication from M. J. Lecoeur,
of Darnetal, France, for improvements in sewing
machine gearing. Dated June 11, 1881.

J. H. Johnston — a communication from W. Rennyson,
of Norris Town, Pennsylvania, United States, for
improvements in bicycles. Dated July 26, 1881.

Bec. 1, 1881.

THE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

3,522. A. Paget, of Lioughborough, Leicestershire, for im-
provements in knitting machinery. Dated Aug.
13, 1881.

3,590. C. A. Barlow — a communication ^from J. Halter, of
Eebstein, Switzerland, for improvements in ma-
chine embroidery, and in the process and appa-
ratus for manufacturing the same. Dated August
17, 1881.

8,637. W. Webster, of San Francisco, California, United
States, for improvements in sewing machines for
stitching sacks, bags, ships' sails, carpets, and
for other like purposes. Dated August 20, 1S81.

3,805. J. Humpage, of Bristol, engineer and machinist, tor
improvements in velocipedes. Dated September
1, 1881.

PATENTS WHICH HAVE BECOME VOID :—

No. 3,901.

3,934.

3,944. H.

A. H. Lee, of Cambridge, Engineer, for improvements
in bicycle stands for holding, cleaning, adjusting,
and tightening the bearings and cones of bicycles,
and for holding bicycles in a vertical position.
Dated October 3, 1878.

E. T. Hughes— a communication from N. Dominique,
of Boulevard Saint Denis, Paris, for improve-
ments in embroidery machines. Dated October
7, 1878.
3,943. J. W. Hill, of Kimbolton-road, Bedford, Civil Engineer,
for improvements in apparatus for obtaining
motive power for use in driving velocipedes,
sawing and other machinery. Dated October,
1878.

B. Fox and J. Gamlin, both of Birkenhead,
Cheshire, for improvements in and appertaining
to machines or apparatus for cleaning knives and
other similar articles, and in the material to be
used therewith. Dated October 8, 1881.
4,134. A. Anderson, Manager of the Singer Manufacturing
Company's Works, Glasgow, for improvements
in sewing machines. Dated October 17, 1878.

H. W. Whitehead, of Holbeck, Leeds, Machine and
Tool Maker, for improvements in machinery for
spinning and laying fibrous substances. Dated
' October 23, 1878.

E. Slater, of Burnley, Spinning Maetei-, for improve-
ments in machinery for spinning and doubling
fibres. Dated October 29, 1878.

F. D. Poulter — a communication from W. H. McNary,
of Brooklyn, New York, United States, for im-
provements in knitting machinery. Dated Nov.
1, 1878.

W. E. Gedge — a communication from P. Domercq, of
Montpellier, France, Manufacturer, for an im-
proved portable stove and camp-cooking appa-
ratus. Dated November 2, 1878.

F. Stickbury, of Leyton, Essex, tor an improved means
for heating bos irons. Dated October 9, 1874.

4,246.

4,359.
4,422.

4,432.

3,454.

Spbcifications Published Durino the Month.
Postage Id. each extra.

No. 500. W. E. Gedge, sewing and embroidering
machines ... ... ...

„ 533. W. Mickelwright and A. G. Gladwyn, bicycles,
tricycles, &c

„ 747. H. Defty, stoves

„ 830. H. Kinder, tricycles

„ 837. F. Caldwell, machinery for manufacture of
knitted fabrics

„ 1,106. W. J. Ford, stop mechanism for circular knit-
ting machines...

„ 1,131. S. V. Wheatley, skates

„ 1,164. B. Hunt, lock-stitch sewing machines

„ 1,180. T. F. Burgess, needles and needle slides or bars
for sewing machines...

„ 1,187. J. I. Warmau, tricycles, &c.

„ 1,211. H. Mills, button-hole sewing machines

„ 1,219. T. Tongue and T. E. Bladon, lamps for bicycles,
&c.

„ 1,234. J. Southgate, W. Smith, and E. Liddell, appa-
ratus for driving and increasing speed of
bicycles, tricycles, &c.

„ 1,264. W. E. Lake, velocipede

s. d.

0 8

0 2

1,307.

1,313.
1,314.
1,318.
1,344.
1,377.
1,402.

1,410.
1,431.
1,457.
1,498.

1,501.
2,508.

1,548.
3,269.

T. Wilson, machines or apparatus for washing
clothes ...

J. Harrington, bicycles .and tricycles

G. L. Shorland, ventilating apparatus ...

C. T. Bastand, sewing machines...

E. E. Settle, velocipedes

W. Sachs, airing gussets, clothes, &c, ...

J. Kettle, stands or supports for supporting
costumes

G. Collier, steam washing machines

W. Morgan Brown, knitting machinery

E. H. Eeeves, ventilating apparatus

E. Kerr, cabinets for containing assortments of
thread, spools, &c. ...

E. H. Bishop and H. F. Hales, skates

J. Pleurmaun, apparatus for raising and sup-
porting ladies dresses ...

J. W. Eamsden, sewing machines

J. Bradley, circular knitting machines ...

0 6
0 8
0 10
0 6

0 10

MCDONALD'S BOOT RACKS.

No house can be said to be tidy if boots are allowed to lay
about in glorious disorder. A most convenient and useful
rack on whicli to hang these articles is that invented by Mr.

McDonald, of which we give an illustration. The address of
the manufacturer is King-street, Cheapside, E.C. Domestic
machinery dealers will find this a profitable article to sell.

FIELDHOUSE'S PATENT BOOT PEOTECTORS.

Mr. J. Fieldhouse, of Keighley, Yorks, has invented a novel
kind of boot protector. It possesses great durability, is easy

to fix, and comfortable to wear. The protector, of which we
D-ive an illustration, is fixed on to any part of the boot that is

PROCTOR'S PATENT CINDER BUCKET.
This little article— consisting of a riddle and bucket com-
bined— ^forms a very simple and cheap contrivance for sifting
cinders. The ashes that have faUeu from the grate are placed
in the bucket, and then carried to the dust bin. A slight
shaking sifts them ; the catch is then unloosened, and the dirt
thrown out from the bottom part. The bucket is strongly
made of galvanised iron, and wUl stand any amount of wear.
The manufacturer is Mr. Proctor, of Call-lane, Leeds.

A "WOMAN may offer in excuse for her red nose that she laces
too tightly, but what shall a man say p Oh, he can oifer the
same excuse. He also gets too " tightly " by so-hicing himself.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWINa MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, 1881

REVIEWS.

"We have received yet another contribution from Mr. Piatt's
prolific pen, being a companion volume to the series of business
essays already published by him, and entitled respectively
"Business," "Morality," " Money," and " Life." Each of
these has in turn been exhaustively dealt with in our pages,
and we now propose to glance for a little while at the new
volume, which will certainly do much to sustain the repu-
tation Mr. Piatt has already gained as a writer of terse,
compact, business-like books for business men — books that
go straight to the heart of the subject under discussion, and
deal with it in an eai-nest, business-like way. Mr. Piatt is
no dilUtante — he has plenty of other things to attend to beside
writing books — and he therefore applies himself vigorously to
his task, and gets through it in as prompt and thorough a
manner as possible.

Fair Trade and Free Trade being one of the burning topics
of the day, it is but natural that Mr. Piatt should devote so
considerable a portion of this volume to its discussion as one
of the great economic questions of the time. He is a thorough-
going, uncompromising free-trader, and he can give good
reasons for the faith that is in him. He says : —

"As regards the value of 'free trade' as a developer of
trade, of the power to ' buy and sell : ' in 1793 the imports
into the United Kingdom were valued at £17,850,000; in 1815
they were valued at £32,987,000; in 1853 they had risen,
through the adoption of our free trade policy, to £123,099,000.
In 1870 they were £305,000,000 ; in 1880, £41-1,000,000. Our
exports in 1793 were £18,486,000 ; in 1815 they were
£58,629,000 ; but, thanks to free trade, in 1853 they were
£242,000,000; in 1880, £278,000,000. For the six months
ending June, 1881, the imports amounted to £198,813,000 — a
decrease of £12,000,000, as compared with the corresponding
period of 1880 — a decrease very evenly distributed, and partly
accounted for by a fall in prices. ' Prices ' have a marked
effect on the totals. For the six months ending June, 1881, the
total value exported has been £109,308,000 — an increase of
£1,675,000 only, as compared with the corresponding period a
year ago, but denoting a greater real increase, allowing for the
fall in prices which has occurred. So you will perceive that
we are not yet ruined ; our trade is not gradually, but surely,
declining ; but, in spits of ' bounties ' and ' prohibitory tariffs,'
our goods find their way into those countries that try to shut
them out. The nation, as the individual, must accept the
inevitable. In the foreign, as the home trade, the struggle
will be keener. A few years ago, any new policy in trade was
ridiculed by all, and the fortune of the innovators made by
the contemptuous remarks that ' advertised ' their opponents'
system ; but now anything fresh is at once imitated by some.
Abroad we had no opponents ; now, by fair means or foul,
other nations are making for themselves, and as their capital
increases, they will manufacture more and more."

And again, referring to the state of our commerce and
manufacturers before the introduction of Free Trade : —

"Those who ask for 'reciprocity' and ' retaliation' should
look over our tariffs before 1842 ; think of the vast benefit a
really wise statesman, adhering to economical laws, is able to
effect ; the godsend in 1846 these reductions, and others on
soap, candles, boots and shoes, seeds, butter, cheese, hops,
&c., must have been to our forefathers, when, in 1846, the
duties on all kinds of meat and on live animals were repealed ;
but more especially that great boon of reducing the duties on
corn to a low sliding scale for three years, to be followed in
1849 by a nominal duty of one shilling a quarter upon grain of
all kinds. And with what result P A mos. extraordinary
financial success; and in a year when a calamity of the
heaviest nature had fallen upon the country — ' The Irish
famine.' The reaction from deficiency to surplus in the finance
was due to the new system of commercial and financial policy
adopted by Sir Robert Peel— a policy which aided, instead of
counteracting, the effects of the blessings of Providence. It
was ' free trade ' replacing ' protection ; ' it was freedom of
action against the tyranny of arrogant duty collectors. It
was right conquering wrong; it was the saving of the
commonwealth; as, had the change not been made before

the famine of 1846 and the panic of 1847, a revolution was
inevitable."

And again he says elsewhere : —

' ' Protection in every shape or form is a false system of
economy. Men should be free to buy in the cheapest and sell
in the dearest markets they can find ; that is to say, every man
has a right, without being hindered by the State, to get all he
can for his money, and to get all the money he can for his
goods. Free trade enables a man to get in exchange for his
money, or goods, a greater quantity, the greatest quantity
possible, of the goods of other nations. It leaves nature's law
free to supply us abundantly from other countries with what
we have occasion for, in exchange for our goods. Free trade
means the getting from other people the maximum of theirs
for the minimum of our own ; the making those things we can
produce cheaper than others, and taking in exchange those
articles they can make or produce cheaper than ourselves.
Free trade means the good of the many, that universal
opulence, so far as can be done by wise arrangements for the
distribution of commodities, which benefits all and extends
itself to the lowest ranks of the people — to all, in fact, as all
arc consumers. So" it helps in the most thorough manner to
diffuse a general plenty through all the different ranks of
society. To refuse to allow the goods of a country to come in
here free because they will not allow us to go into their country
free, is to cut off one's nose to avenge one's face. It means,
because you are stupid enough to buy goods in the dearest
way, we will, although we know better, copy your foolish
example. Because we cannot sell our goods without restric-
tion, is no reason why the power to buy by us should not be
free. If we really understood what ' protection ' is, we should
not only have all trade free as the air we breathe, but abolish
all monopolies of every kind. Protection means the benefit of
a class at the expense of the public. In feudal times this
system tended directly to disturb the internal arrangements of
society, by obstructing the free circulation of labour and of
stock, from employment to employment, and from place to
place. The false system which is still so prevalent hid for its
professed object the regulation of commercial intercourse
between different nations, and took its rise from tTie prejudices,
or, rather, from the interested views, of mercantile speculators.
This is self-evident, if we consider the two expedients held out
by them for the 'benefit of the nation' — viz., by drawbacks,
bounties, &c., to encourage exportation, and, by levying
duties, to put restraints upon importation. They propose to
benefit the nation by stopping goods from flowing in as they
naturally would, and by enhancing the prices thereof ; and to
benefit the nation by giving bounties and advantages to specu-
lators, that they might supply at lower prices, or be able to
compete in foreign markets, by subsidies drawn out of their
fellow-citizens' pockets. Protection in any form, whether it
be reciprocity, retaliation, or the latest idea of ' fair trade,'
is a restraint upon the ' freedom of trade,' and must be preju-
dicial to the progress and wealth of the nation which imposes
it, and is only understandable through the ignorance of the
people and the jealousy of commerce."

Mr. Piatt discusses at some length the bearings of the French
treaty, and he deals with the advocates of retaliation in the
following fashion :^-

""W"e are asked to shut out goods from France and other
countries by putting on duties, unless France and the other
countries admit our goods duty free. The exclusion of French
goods from England would be a loss of profit to the French
manufacturers, but — and here's the rub — it would be a loss to
the English consumer, from the higher price he would have to
pay, when he thus, by his ' statesmanlike ' action, debars
himself from nature's remedy, ' competition,' and leaves him-
self at the mercy of the home market, which would alone
remain open to him. This is the action of ' all duties ; ' they
counteract the operation of nature's arrangements to bring
prices down to the lowest; they are an artificial impediment
put up by selfish men to the Creator's liberal supply of good
things foi all men. The action of duties is to enhance prices ;
that is to say, to Umit the use to the privileged few, of that
which God, in His bounty, intended to reach all. Stripped
bare, and viewed in their hideous nakedness, protection,
reciprocity, retaliation, ' fair trade,' mean putting a burden

Dec. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

upon all consumers, putting a tax upon, taking out of the
pockets of the majority a something to prop up in
an artificial and 'unnatural' manner an industry by the
minority that, left alone, cannot sustain itself — it is not
worth, in fact, m the open marlcet of the world, what
it has cost to produce. If this be true, it is in defiance
of all economic laws, it is in defiance of what any indivi-
dual can do long without becoming bankrupt. It follows,
therefore, inevitably that if followed by nations, it is
equally unwise economically, and should be opposed with heart
and soul by all patriots and statesmen. A nation of free
traders can only make a treaty by a sacrifice of 'principle.'
We should say to all nations : ' Our ports are open ; send your
goods here free of all restraints or duties ; we think it right
that our people should buy all things in the cheapest market ;
we believe, also, that, if it be to your advantage, the law of
self-interest is so strong in the human mind, you will, for your
own benefit, buy of us such goods as we can pioduoe cheaper
than yourselves.' A dignified policy, based upon a belief in
' principle,' would do more to make other nations follow the
free trade policy than the unwise threat ef ' war in trade ' by
retaliation, or, by ' threatening to tax ourselves,' to punish
other people. Other nations may be excused if, in their
ignorance, they adhere to a policy of which we have seen the
folly ; but for us to imitate their example, to inflict a burden
upon ourselves as consumers, for the sole purpose of doing
others an injury, is vei'y singular and illogical conduct. Others
have suggested ' bribes,' ' promises '■ — bargaining inconsistent
with our position as a free trade country, degrading us to the
level of a huckster. There is only one reason for lowering the
duties on French wines, or any other goods ; we ought to do
so because we wish to benefit our own people as consumers,
as buyers of thesa articles. Let us trust to ' God and the
right ; ' believe in the reality of free trade, as God's wish and
law for our benefit ; look facts in the face ; give up all treaties ;
reduce and abolish duties for our own interest : cease once for
all in the attempt to coax, trick, persuade, or threaten our
neighbours into a doctrine which thoy will not accept, and
which we are practically denying by the very means which we
are using to make it pass current."

On the burning question of the day — Ireland and the Irish
— Mr. Piatt has some very suggestive words, which deserve to be
deeply and thoughtfully studied by all who desire to see the
sister country contented and happy, as she ought to be, and
might be, if she was only true to herself. No doubt such remarks
as the following are not very palatable ; but they are very,
very true : —

" What has been the ruin of Ireland ? A perpetual childish-
ness that compels the Irishman to be ever a Government
nursling, a pi-iest's slave, the prey of agitators. Thei-e can be
no progress, nor amelioration of the miseries of that unfortu-
nate people, until they can walk alone. To do this they must
unlearn the religion of the priests and of Communists; and,
above all, they must recognise that their ' true friends ' are
those in power who compel them to obey the law, not from
fear, but from a respect for the rights of property and the
sacredness of life. Once they feel themselves ' men ' they wOl
look with disgust on the ' paternal government ' that made
contracts for them ; they will cease to be slaves, and become
' free men,' determined to uphold and maintain the right of
' every man ' to make his own contract in buying and selling,
and wise enough to see that, let the bargain be good, bad, or
indifferent, as an ' honest ' man, having made it, he is bound
to fulfil it. Government valuation, courts of arbitration,
compensation for being evicted, for being turned out of a man's
house because you have failed to pay the rent for it— all such
schemes are ruinous to any country, undermining the sacred-
ness of contracts, the rights of property, the freedom of indi-
viduals. Contrast Scotland with Ireland ; the one so progres-
sive, the other so stationary or retrogressive. Why ? Because
the one is a child, always under the thumb of the ' priest,' the
' Government,' or the ' demagogue,' and, like a chUd, wanting
the ' impossible ' something realised by some one else, and,
failing this, listening to those who advise him not to pay others
their due ; whilst the othei's are men, who agree with their
landlord, and fix their own price, and, having made a contract,
abide by it. Capital and enterprise push on the one and hold
aloof from the other. In the Scotch we have a people

prosperous, contented, loyal, and law-loving ; and the condi-
tion of the country as it is, if contrasted with what it was a
hundred years ago, exhibits a progress that is almost incredible.
But they understand the rights of being 'free men;' they
have too much sense to think that man can, by his 'law,' put
aside God's law of supply and demand ; they know the danger
of ' paternal government;' they prefer being self-rehant ; they
are able and willing to comprehend the liability of manhood ;
they refuse with indignation being protected by the State ; they
are men, and know it, and reject with scorn the ' State protec-
tion' that woidd keep them a government nursling."

The chief value of Mr. Piatt's book, however, to our readers,
will be in those portions wherein he seeks to apply two
economic principles to the daily transactions of life, whether
in the home or the business. Thus he tells us in the com-
mencement of his book that, " economy means frugality in
general, from the government of the universe to the manage-
ment of t he kitchen. Popularly, it is considered, in relation
to the household, domestic. Butithas reference to everything
where thrift can be exercised. We can be economical or the
reverse in the management of household or pecuniary affairs,
private or public — we are thrifty or prodigal in our household
or national system — as we do or do not thoughtfully adopt our
means to the end we have in view. Economy means the saving
of waste and avoiding unnecessary expense in the management
of the nation, the warehouse, or the home. ' Economy ' has a
horror of the credit system, and its twin brother, debt — that
curse of the middle and upper classes of society. I would
have put prominently in every house, ' Owe no man anything.'
That nation must be wealthy whose people have the moral
courage to say, ' I can't afi^ord it ; I ■will live within my means ;
I will be independent.' Do not teach ' economy ' as if it meant
the mere saving of money, but as the science that inculcates the
necessity and wisdom of making the best possible administra-
tion of our time, talents, labour, and money combmed. The
present system of show, with its inevitable accompaniment,
sham, and getting money by any means to support it, is
degrading to humanity. We want in its place a system that
will teach ' integrity ' as a necessity, punctuality and method
as a rule, forethought and thrift as a habit. Too many think
that the principal happiness in this world is to ' spend money.'
To check this, in training the young, habits of thrift should be
inculated ; every boy and girl should be taught to manage
with frugality, cautioned against the dangerous habit of loss
by waste ; to be prudent in expenditure, beginning with their
few pence; taught to save a little always, so that it gets into
their nature, and it becomes part of their character, a settled
habit. Political economy means the internal, and more
especially the pecuniary, management of any undertaking,
corporation, or slate ; it is the science that teaches us how
best to develop the resources of the nation — the science of how
to develop, with the most beneficial result, the resources of the
country ; how to use the wealth or capital of the country in
the way best calculated to cause its increase ; how to cause all
articles of consumption to be distributed from producers to
consumers in the most economical manner ; how to collect the
revenue that is essential to carry on the Government of tha
nation the most judiciously; to cause, briefly, in all things
throughout the country the judicious expenditure of money,
time, labour, with the least possible waste, by the nation or
the individual. Economy is the 'art of using' what we have
mentally, physically, monetarily, to secure the best possible
result, calculating how to economise time, to use what we have
with prudence, to expend with frugality — the great secret
of success, the essential condition for an honest, a happy
life, knowing how to ' economise our income.' Who teaches
the pecp'.e the art of Economy? In what school or home
are the young trained to be economical ? Why is it that
this science of science is neglected ? Why is it that we act
as if this difficult task of managing our pecuniary concerns
with a wise frugality— making a prudent and judicious
use of our money — the habits of thrift necessary to acquire
or save property — the being careful, so as to economise in
all things, and, by so doing, grow rich in health, happiness,
and wealth — is a study neglected, as if the gods would endow
us with the power to secure the result we all want instinc-
tively ? It is because men do not think. My books are
written with the hope that a few of my readers will see the

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, 1881.

necessity of so doing ; and in time, stern necessity, the compe-
tition witLin and witliout the nation, will compel the people
to see that to manage the affairs of a nation, a warehouse, or a
home, we mu?t imderstand political, social, and domestic
economy ; we must learn the laws of acquiring and distributing
wealth. The management of the nation, the shop, the home,
miist give evidence of a careful economy ; our economy must
be sincere."

Upon the question of cash and credit, Mr. Piatt has already
discoursed in his previous books, notably in " Business " and
" Money," and in the present work he again returns to the
subject. Speaking of the Co-operative Stores, he says that in
consequence of the credit system "prices got so high that a
large class with fixed incomes were compelled to do with fewer
articles, or, by co-operating together, to buy wholesale
quantities, and be their own distributors. This was the origin
of the Civil Service and the Army and Navy Stores ; and to
their efforts all cash purchasers are much indebted. These two
societies have a large and special body of supporters, and will,
no doubt, maintain their position, but, so far as society is con-
cerned, their mission is over. The large sums of money spent
by the various societies in starting the same, the expensive
system of management by a board of directors, secretary, the
loss of time in getting what you want, through the absurd,
vexatious, and costly ' red-tape ' system of details (some of the
societies search their employes before they let them leave at
night — a most degrading practice that no man should put up
with), and the having to trust the buying to inexperienced and
unprincipled men have caused society after society to fail in
the most disgraeefid manner — in many cases the share capital
squandered, and large sums owing to creditors, within the
space of twelve months or two years. Tradesmen now are
beginning to see what the real issue was — viz., that cash
buyers were only trying to get their rights, and lo buy cheaper
than those who take credit; and if they read the lesson of the
past few years rightly they will not be tempted by the failure
of a few societies to think of keeping to the old system, but
will at once resolve to tempt all buyers to pay cash. Give
credit if they will still have it, and charge for it, but cease to
rob Peter to pay for Paul. If any one has to pay extra, let it be
the ' credit buyer.' Let your prices to this ' reckless ' class be
fuUy equal to cover the losses that are inevitable from people
who ' live in debt,' and so make them sick of such a costly
method of living. Do not risk losing a cash supporter, how-
every small he may be, but offer him willingly and thankfully
the best value for his ready money you are able to give."

Mr. Piatt views with considerable apprehension the aggre-
gation of capital in the hands of a few. He thinks —

" The real salvation of society would be an increase of the
class of small capitalists. No man with any property will
join in the cry for a division of goods. By encouraging thrift
and industry, we take the surest means of checking the schemes
of agitators. Everything should be done that can be done to
check the action of those who doubt the right of individual
ownership ; all schemes for the confiscation of capital should
be considered and punished by the law as conspiracies to
defraud, to rob. These men are the highwaymen of the nine-
teenth century, without the highwayman's courage, for they
did the work themselves, while these incite to rob, and live by
the spoil. "

We have quoted thus largely from the book, because we
believe the views held by Mr. Piatt on these matters are sound
and just, and we should like to see every one of our readers in
possession of a copy of this really useful and instructive business
manual. The commercial classes sadly stand in need of being
educated in even the most elementary principles of commerce,
and no teacher is so fitted for the task as one of themselves.
We are glad to note that Mr. Piatt has yet another work of
the same kind in preparation, which will prove a fitting sequel
to the one now under consideration. He says in his concluding
chapter: —

" In ' Economy' my object has been to get men to have faith
in ' principles,' the right of the individual to be free' to make
his own contract, the wisdom of leaving the prices of all
articles to the Creator's laws of supply and demand, the im-
perative necessity of England's rigid adherence to ' free
trade ' — the basis of all economy — as by its action nations

become wealthy, and by its action alone will mankind even-
tually become ( ne brotherhood, each working for the other ;
having at last realised the great truth that the doing to others
as we would be done by, is the wisest policy that any individual
can foUow. I have endeavoured to show that 'economy' of
rescources, obtaining the maximum of result from the mini-
mum of means, is the essential point, the foundation-stone
upon which the Divine arrangement of the universe is based ;
therefore, I have argued that man's policy should be in harmony
therewith, and based upon the same adherence to sound eco-
nomic laws. Economy has been generally treated of; also
Political Economy ; and under ' Free Trade ' is pointed out
how we suffered in the past, how many other nations are
suffering in the present, and how we should again suffer if we
retui'ned by reciprocity, ' retaUation,' ' fair trade,' or by any
deviation from the natural laws of free trade. In ' Economy '
there are many phases of the subject I have not been able to
touch upon ; so I purpose in my next book, ' Progress,' which
will be ready by July 1st, 1882, to treat of Causality, Acquisi-
tiveness, Capital, Free Labour, Employes, Technical Educa-
tion, Distribution, Progress. ' Economy ' has been written to
prove the wisdom of our ancestors in opening our ports free to
all, in freeing above a thousand articles from duty, and
thereby, so far as the action of the Government is concerned,
letting the consumer get all articles at the lowest price the
laws of supply and demand and competition will enable him
to do. In ' Progress ' my object will be to tell the present
generation that the great need of the times is a reform of our
system of production and distribution."

We hope Mr. Piatt will find time to add many more volumes
to the interesting series which he has already written, and
that they will find their way into every home and counting-
house.

THE PATENT ANNECTO NAIL BRUSH.
Why should not the back of a nail brush be made so that it
is of some assistance in cleansing the hands as well as the
bristle portion of the same P Little hair brushes for the pocket
have long had their backs converted into a mirror ; pocket-
knives have every conceivable article of assistance to the toilet
and other purposes attached to them that they can possibly
carry. Why, then, should not a nail brush have its back
covered with pumice-stone? We think it an excellent idea.

Very few travellers think of carrying a piece of pumice-stone
about with them, and would gladly welcome the brush to
remove ink and other stains from their fingers. And in the
house it is equallj as serviceable, the pumice-stone being far
better to use in that form than in the old-fashioned lump of
most irregular outline. The brush instantly cleans and makes
the skin soft and delicate. The manufacturers of this article
are Messrs. P. W. Lotz and Co., of 31, Barbican, London.
We recommend it to the attention of our readers. It being
novel, it will sell well.

" It's sot you are, winter or summer," said the snappish wife
to her drunken husband. " And it's scold you are, summer or
winter," he replied, with a malicious grin.

A Highland gentleman, on the point of starting for the
United States, left his purse, containing a hundred pounds, at
the railway station. On his return to his native town the purse
was brought to him by a clerk, who expected a slight recogni-
tion. The laird took the purse and counted the money, and
then looked inquiringly at the .clerk, wlio said in astonishment,
" Isn't it right, sir?" " Eioht ? No," v.as the quick response.
" Where's the interest ? "

Dec. 1, 1881. THE JOUENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

SPECIAL FREE ISSUE

OF THE

JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

AND

SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE,

On January ist, 1882, a SPECIAL FREE ISSUE of this Journal will be made, and copies of
the same will be gratuitously sent to every Hospital, Public School and Hotel in the United
Kingdom; where, of course, every description of Domestic appliance is largely used. Copies
will be also sent to Ironmongers, Domestic Machinery Dealers, Sewing Machine Agents,
Co-Operative Stores and Merchant Shippers in England, Scotland and Ireland.

On the 15th of January a Second Issue will be published (on thin paper), which will be
mailed to Ironmongers and others in Australia, New Zealand and the Cape.

Manufacturers of Gas and Oil Cooking and Warming Stoves, Washing Machines, Knife
Cleaners, Mincing Machines, Lamps, Sewing Machines, Filters, Carpet Sweeping Machines,
and of every article for the promotion of health or comfort in the dwelling, will find this
SPECIAL ISSUE unequalled as a medium for Advertising. A few pages will be reserved for
Advertisements, the tariff for which, to include both Home and Colonial Issues, will be found
below. We invite Manufacturers to submit for our inspection, any novelties they may be about
to place on the market. The same will be carefully examined and noticed.

SCALE OF

CHARGES FOE ADVERTISEMENTS.

One Page

£4 0

Half Page

2 2

One Third Page

I 8

Quarter ,,

I 2

One Sixth ,,

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Publishing Office :-4, AVE MAEIA LANE, E.G.

Editorial and Advertisement Office :—

20, WORMWOOD STREET, LONDON, E.G.

THE JOTJENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, 1881.

NONE SO SIMPLE,

NONE SO DURABLE,

NONE SO RELIABLE.

Esamine it Sefore Purchasing any other.
RENNIGK,KEMSLEY&GO.,^

ilFINSBURY CIRCUS, LONDON,

AIBO, '^

raelbourne and Sydney.

THOMAS WARWICK,

MANUPACTUKEK OP

B,i Royal Letters Patent. £Il/YGIjEl IKL ATJSKI ALS

Of every description, Wholesale and for Exportation,

WARWICK'S PATENT POTENTIAL RIMS.

SOLE MAKEE OF WOOLLET'S PATENT DUPLEX SPRING
SADDLE. STAMPINGS OF ALL KINDS.

Price List Free on application to the above,

Aston New Town, Birmingliam.

W. HOSIER & CO.

MANUFACTURERS OP

The Coventry 'Star,' 'Special,' and
'Champion' Bicycles & Tricycles*.

Also Perambulators with Bicycle Wheels.

Ijargest Dealers in the World in New and Second-hand

Machines.

SMITHFORD STREET, COVENTRY. .

WANTED, Situation as MANAGES of a Sewing Machine
Dep6t ; age 31; married; first-rate references; two years
in last situation. A total abstainer and member of Gnaran tee
Society. — A. S. Lynch, 20, Portnam-road, Upper Holloway, N.

JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

AND

Iming JKurjiiiie fujette

Is it possible to rid London of its greatest enemy — smoke ?
This is the question which for sometime past Las been
uppermost in the thoughts of many gentlemen who are
well-known to the pubhc as leaders of sanitary reform. They
have not let their ideas concerning it remain dormant ; and
believing that the most practical way to fight this enemy —
smoke— was to place before the pubHo the best inventions ia
smokeless appliances for warming the house and for cooking
food, they organised an exhibition of such articles at Ken-
sington, which was opened yesterday with considerable Sclat.
In our next issue we shall minutely describe the whole of the
exhibits, which at present we have only had time to scan.
Many of them, which are worthy of great praise, rely very
considerably on the help of gas, and the consuming of coke,
oil, and anthracite coal. There is yet great scope for inven-
tion in this department of household appliances, and the exhi-

Dec. 1, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

bition is a step in the right direction. We hope it may be
well patronised by the public, on whom the success of all
exhibitions depends, and that one day our air may be as clear
and pure as that of other continental cities, so thac, as Lord
Lome expressed it in his speech yesterday, roses may again be
seen blooming: in Kensington Gardens.

One of the most pleasant meetings of employers and employed
it has been our lot to record, was that which occurred at
BeUevue, Manchester, to commemorate the " passing of youth
to manhood," of Mr. "William Litler Bradford, and of which a
full report will be found in another portion of this paper.
Not only were the workmen invited to the banquet provided
for them by Messrs. Bradford and Co., but they were also
permitted to be accompanied by their wives. Mr. William
Litler Bradford was the recipient of many valuable presents
from employes, friends, and even j^ersons who had some time
quitted the service of this firm. The testimonial of the latter,
who must give out of pure esteem, shows very clearly that
Messrs. Bradford know how to treat their employes, so that
they command their respect not only while they are in their
service, but after they have left their employ. Mr. William
Litler Bradford, in returning thanks — always the most difficult
thing to do — made a veiy manly speech, and in a few well
chosen words clearly expressed his sincere gratitude to the
assembly for their good feeling towards him.

OUR ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.

We present as this month's supplement illustrations of some
novelties in oil cooking and heating stoves and lamps. The
manufacturers are Messrs. Wright and Butler, of Birmingham.

PROPOSED NEW SINGER WOODWORK FACTORY.

It is said to be finally decided that the woodwork factory of
the Singer Manufacturing Company at South Bend, Indiana,
is to be removed from that place, where it has been for several
years past, to Cairo, Illinois. The reasons assigned for the
change are that nine acres to which they are confined are
insufiicient for the proper conduct of the business. At Cairo
there will be plenty of room and ample facilities, for the com-
pany owns eighteen square miles of forest land adjoining the
city, which is also within easy reach of the walnut timber
lands by means of the Ohio, Cumberland, Mississippi, Ten-
nessee, and Missouri Rivers, so that in the matter of trans-
portation alone a saving of ten dollars can be effected on every
thousand feet of lumber piirchased. This being also a crossing
point for seven different railroads, the Singer Company will be
able to forward their cabinet ware with despatch and at small
expense to any pai-t of the United States ; in fact, they will
have ample facilities, either by water or rail. The new works,
it is proposed, wUl be Iccated in the northern portion of the
City of Cairo, where grounds have been purchased for the
purpose, upon which it is proposed to erect the largest and
most complete cabinet factory in the world. The total area
covered by the grounds will be about twenty-five acres, with
a river frontage of three hundred and sixty- six feet. The
plans of the new works are already drawn up. They consist
of a Eeries of twelve dry kilns, each of which is to be eighty
feet long and fifty-five feet wide, equal to one -kiln 960
by 660, with about a million feet of storage capacity.
They will be placed at convenient distances from the river
front, so that the lumber received by rail or water can be
taken directly from the boats or cars to the kilns. The next
building adjoining the kilns will be the boilier-house, which
will in the aggregate contain eight hundred horse-power, each
boiler containing one hundred and fifty horse-power. Beyond
the boiler-house will be built five buildings, seventy-five feet
apart, each three stories high, sixty feet wide, and five
hundred feet long. The first of these five buildings will con-

tain the machinery ; the second the stock ready for putting
together; the third will be the cabinet factory for putting the
stock together ; the foiirth wUl be the finishing department,
and the fifth the storage department for the finished cabinets,
whence they will be shipped all over the world. These bvdld-
ings are to be connected bj^ bridges, on a level with each floor,
extending over the separating spaces. They are also to be
provided with elevators. A fire-wall at every one hundred
feet will render the buUding as secure fj'om flames as possible.
In these walls there w ill be no doors, but the connections from
one room to another in the buildings will be made by dooi's in
the side walls or balconies on the outside of the structures.
As the authorities of the City of Cairo have adopted the stand-
pipe system of waterworks, additional protection against fire
will be secured. The steam to run the machinery will be con-
veyed in one large steam pipe, running through the centre of
the buildings. The new works will be built gradually, and it
may be three years before the business can be entirely trans-
ferred to Cairo.

THE OIL LAMP AND STOVE TRADES OF
BIRMINGHAM.

(by our own cokrbspondent.)
At the present time, I regret to say, the oil lamp and oil
and gas stove trades of Birmingham are quiet, the home trade
most especially. This is no doubt owing to the very mild
weather, and it is believed that a few day's frost would
quickly revive it, and secure an influx of orders. It is
expected that the Sanitary Exhibition of Brighton, which
opens in a few days, and the Smoke Exhibition of Kensington,
which opens on the 1st December, will together give very
considerable impetus to these trades. The export trade to
India and South Australia is in better condition. The lamp
trade is more active on the whole, perhaps, than the stove, but
it is not so busy as it should be this time of the year. All the
lamp manufacturers have introduced many new styles, and
some firms have made valuable improvements in their lamps.
Messrs. Henks and Son, the Albion Lamp Company, and
Messrs. Wright and Butler, have recently enlarged their
premises, anticipating an increased trade. That it may come
to them, and to all. is certainly " a consummation devoutly to
be wished for."

THE BRIGHTON HEALTH CONGRESS AND DOMESTIC
AND SCIENTIFIC EXHIBITION.
An exhibition of a domestic and sanitary nature is to be held
in the Brighton Pavilion during the present month. It wiU
be formally opened on the 12th of December, at 2.30 p.m., and
will close on the 2Ist inst. It is organised by a committee of
gentlemen, amongst which is the Mayor of Brighton ; as pre-
sident of the exhibition, the Earl of Chichester has kindly
off'ered his services. The exhibition will comprise domestic
and labour-saving machinery, house sanitation appliances,
electrical lighting apparatus, and other articles of a kindred
nature. In connection Vidth the exhibition is a Health Con-
gress, at which an opening address will be delivered by the
president. Dr. B. U. Richardson, F.R.S. The exhibition wiU
open in the heighth of the Brighton season, and as more than
two hundred exhibitors have already taken space, it is most
cprtain to be a success. The elite of the town of Brighton and
the county of Sussex figure amongst its numerous patrons.

Sewing Machines. ^The sewing machine factories are turn-
ing out a very fair amount of work, both the Singer and Howe
Companies' works in Glasgow being well employed, and
finding it necessary to extend the manufacture. It wUl,
perhaps, be interesting to notice that of the sewing machines
to the value of £8,100 shipped at Glasgow within the past few
days, £o26 woith went to New York and £463 to Boston. Not
many years have elapsed since all the sewing machines used in
this country and on the Coatinent came from America, and
now the Glasgow factories are not merely supplying the home,
Continental, Indian, and Australian trades, but are actually
shipping sewing machines to America. — Ironmonger,

TfiE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881

LONDON SMOKE.
The following interesting article, referring to the Smoke
Exhibition, recently appeared in the Daily Telegraph : —

"Above the smoke and stir of this dim spot Which men call
earth" there may, no doubt, be a most delightful and exhilara-
ting atmosphere. But, unfortunately, dwellers in London see
very little of it. In point of fact, Londoners are smoked out
of house and home, and their lives are made a burden to
them, owing to the supposed absence of any scientific or
practical means of absorbing, utilising, banishing, or destroy-
ing the volumes of filthy, unsightly, poisonous matter that is
ejected from mUlions of chimneys that abound in this mighty
Metropolis. Smoke is a monster that must be fought and
conquered; for he has overridden or defied every pre-
vention Act ever passed by Parliament for the protection of
the light-loving citizen. Of all the evils that harass the
householder, there are few more intolerable than a smoky
chimney. When, owing to some defect in the flue, or dampness
in the atmosphere, or change of wind-current, the smoke from
a'ooal fire comes down the chimney instead of going up it,
domestic peace is from that instant at an end. No part of the
house is preserved from the torture which ensues when the
half-blinded servant arrives with the dire intelligence that
the chimney smokes. On the top storey of the highest house
this pestilent demon has already been discovered. He has
wriggled his way through cracks and crevices, and has already
laid his strangling hands on the bronchial tubes. Advancing
into the halls and passages, he has filled the household wiih
dismay, and given every one of the inmates a fit of coughing.
The scene of the offending chimney is even worse than the
memorable one described by John jjeech in the case of Mr.
Briggs. The fire has been so convenifutly banked and
arranged as to create an immense volume of smoke the instant
a match is applied, whereupon descends a thick pillar of this
nauseous vapour in the very centre of the once happy apart-
ment. Immediately every favoured object is threatened with
destruction. The books are powdered with coal-grit infinitesi-
mally compounded, the curtains are ruined, the china coated
with dirt, the chintzes peppered with particles. All efforts to
arrest the progress of the smoke fiend are for the moment
illusory, not to say contemptible. An energetic housekeeper
struggles to mend matters by burning a flare of bi'own paper
up the chimney, but it has about as much effect as burnt
feathers under the nose of an hysterical or fainting patient.
Every cure seems to aggravate the particular disease. There
is no doubt one particular window which, if craftily opened
will let out the enemy and restore domestic peace, but the
difficulty is to find that window. Open any other, and, in
addition to a blast of cold wind, the departing smoke will be
dricen back into the gloomy apartment, creating more cough-
ing and confusion. For be it remembered that London smoke,
is of itself a deleterious and offensive compound, utterly unlike
the bluish vapour that curls gracefully round country cottages
and is studied for atmospheric effects by landscape painters.
It does not arise with a tremor of luminous haze as is found
when leaves and faggots are burned in an autumn wood.
There is nothing poetical or picturesque at all about coal smoke,
and such coal smoke as London chimneys emit. It is a fell
destroyer of light and life, and blackener of precious monu-
ments, a corroder of marble, a gloomy tyrant who mocks at
our mortification. Smoke is the dismal pall that seems in
certain months to smother a dead city ; and London, under
its influence, is as unendurable as the home cursed with a smoky
chimney.

London is very much abused, but it would not be so
bad or so unpioturesque a place, after all, if it were not for
this horrible nuisance. We praise the bright, clear atmosphere
of Paris and other Continental cities, where wood fires abound ;
but no one who lias been accustomed to visit the English
metropolis after dark, when fires are out and the new morning
is breaking, wiU fail to give it a good character. There is no
need to go to the top of the Monument or of St. Paul's to see
the full beauty of the sleeping city. Between night and morii-
ing, between dark and daytime, the London atmosphere is
positively enjoyable. Coming home from pleasure-parties or
late dances, many must have observed the wonderful change,
and enjoyed the freshness of the deserted streets. Churches

and monuments not hitherto observed stand out in pure out-
line; nothing interrnpts the vision, that sweeps the "long
unlovely" streets ; and the man who " goeth forth to his work
and to his labour," very early in the morning, can testify to
the fact of a most enjoyable atmosphere in the London gardens.
But the effect is only momentary. When the fires begin and
the smoke arises, a cloud settles down on the great city.
There is an extravagant waste of fuel in order to obtain
immediate heat. Tall manufacturing chimneys vomit forth
theii- nauseous vapour, and it is blown back into the pained
eyes. The filthy compound is wafted about hither and thither,
commerce and domesticity join hands in aggravatmg the
nuisance, engines must be set going, rooms must be warmed,
business and comfort alike must be attended to, while the
accumulated smoke-drift makes a thick bank of opaqueness
which no sun with all its mighty power can pierce. At some
changes of the wind or when the air is moist, the plague is, no
doubt, worse than usual. The London fogs of last year were
sufficiently alarming and uncomfortable, and it would be
very interesting to obtain data of London nubulosity from
travellers coming up to town from the immediate suburbs.
Take, for instance, a dweller at Hampton on one side and a
resident in Hampstead on the other, and it would be curious
to ascertain at what exact point of the journey every winter
day they passed from sunshine into gloom, and from light into
darkness. Even to the unpractised eye the smoke fiend of
London is apparent. Long before the tickets are taken at the
London end of a suburban journey, the beauty of the day has
gone; but, could accurate statistics be obtained of the variety
and extent of this smoke-cloud, it would be doubtless discovered
that many of us literally live in darloiess and consequent
depression. For it is impossible to conceive anything more
injurious to the spirits of everyone than this gloomy and
smoke-stained' atmosphere, these darkened days and almost
perpetual nights. Who knows but that we might be a more
temperate, kindly and cheerful people if it were not for this
daily outside gloom that settles on the city ? A modern Dante
could not obtain a better inspiration for a " Purgatorio " than
the winter pilgrimage of weary Londoners, and a new Dore
might find a woi-se subject for realistic interpretation than the
grimy passages between late autumn and early spring.

Thanks to the exertions of a body of influential and
scientific gentlemen, it is soon toTje satisfactorily proved that
our recent miseries may ultimately have an end. Those
excellent institutions, the Kyrle and the National Health
Societies, have joined hands and forced inventors to the front.
This is an age of exhibitions of every kind, but one of the
most interesting to the resident in London will be that to show
people how smoke can be advantageously consumed or made
away with, while fuel can at the same time be economically
saved. For a long time we go on grumbling until somebody
sets us right, and yet we pride ourselves at being a practical
people. There are very few housekeepers who do not complain
of the inevitable coal bill, and all the dirt, waste and annoyance
attached thereto. It has been assumed that we must all burn
coal and in enormous quantities ; few cellars will contain an
ordinary winter supply ; this coal grievance demoralises the
servants through all the winter months and perplexes the
housekeeper. It is appreciated alone by the letter of lodgings
who secures an exorbitant impost upon each scuttle. London
houses are the best evidence of the dirt and discomfort
generated by coal smoke. A whole army of housemaids^ could
not resist the attack of the filth that comes down the chimney
or in at the window. The prudent housewife gives up the
cleaning question in despair ; but she may hope for peace again
when the Kensington Exhibition opens, for such is said to be
the prodigality of invention that the large space secured will
scarcely suffice for the elaboration of this extensive display.
In order to create a destruction of smoke it is absolutely neces-
sary to kindle fires, for the one canofc exist without the other,
and it is presumed that, should we have a spell of cold or frosty
weather, the smoke abatement exhibition will be one of the
most popular resorts in London. Be that as it may, it is at
least encouraging to learn that the difficulty is not so formid-
able as was at one time supposed. The first thing is no doubt
to waive prejudice so far as possible, and to assist these
scientific gentlemen in devising some means of dissipating

Dec. I, 1881.

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APl'LIiNCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

darkness and relieving the bronchial tubes. There is a very-
strong and natural prejudice in England in favour of an honest
coal fire, and much may be said in its praise as a companion
and a picture. The stove has never been -vvelcomed here as a
guest, but has been banished to the hall or passages. At the
same time, it is generally agreed that the liberty of smoke has
become a licence. We have all been allowed to erect our
chimneys and to poison the air, but, now that London has
become unbearable in consequence, we must either voluntarily
get rid of the smoke of every individual household, or be
compelled to do so.

MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOE WASHING

CLOTHES.

Mr. Thomas Wilson, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county
of Northumberland, has obtained provisional protection for
improvements m machines or apparatus for washing clothes
and other articles. The fo' m of this apparatus, and the
materials of which it is made, may be varied within reasonable
limits. The washer consists of an outer cylindrical vessel with
flat or nearly iiat bottom, and a removable lid ; a dished cover
is fixed upon the bottom inside the cylindrical vessel, thus
enclosing a cavity upon the bottom, and of similar diameter.
Holes are provided in the edge of the cover all round, thus
giving access for water, &c., to the cavity. Tubes rise up from
this caver to near the top of the outer vessel by preference
inclining outwards as they ascend, and a short distance above
the top of these tubes is placed a ring secured to the inside of
the outer vessel. A perforated internal pan or vessel provided
with suitable feet is placed, the feet resting upon the cover
previously mentioned;, the lid on the top closes all in. The
operation is as follows : — Water is poured into the internal
vessel, escapes by the perforations, flows over the cover, and
enters the bottom cavity through the holes; it should com-
pletely cover the top of the cavity. Soap, soaxs-powder, or
other suitable cleansing agent, is placed in the internal vessel
with the clothes or other articles to be. washed, and when the
heat is applied and steam is generated, the steam and water
formed in the cavity rise up the vertical tabes, and striking the
ring above them are scattered in spray or jets over the clothes
within the inner vessel. As the water rises up the tubes more
is sucked into the cavity to take its place ; this is, of course,
drawn from the perforated internal vessel and through the
clothes, which thus get thoroughly cleansed ; the harder the
boiling the more rapid the circulation of the water. The
apparatus can either be placed bodily upon the fire or over a
gas or other suitable flame, and may be made of copper properly
wired and tinued inside, or of cheaper materials if necessary.

Blackfriars-road, London, was blown in during the past
month by one of the terrific gales we have recently experienced.
Not much damage was done to the sewing machines and other
stock.

The business of Messrs. Fallows and Bate, domestic machinery
manufacturers, is now being carried on under the style of
Fallows and Bate, Limited.

Messrs. W. Fletcher and Co., makers of the "Midland''
bicycle and tricycle, have removed from Well-lane, Earl-street,
to more central premises at 20, Times-buildings, Bow-street!
Sheffield.

Messrs. Hillman, Herbert and Cooper, bicycle manufactm-ers
have been awarded first prize for their " D. H. F. Premier''
bicycle, at the Montreal Exhibition.

The window ef Messrs. Jones and Co.'s depot in the

FILTERS.
The filter is gradually but surely gaining itself a home in
every household, and soon we hope to see it become as general
as tables and chairs, or any other indispensable article of
domestic use. Its sale is every now and then augmented by
the many startling accounts of death or illness which follow
the use of impure water. Then many resolve to use the filter,
firmly convinced of its value, and no longer regarding it as a

moUy-colIying invention, and fit only for the whims of fidgetty
old maids. It is the old system of shutting the stable door
after the steed has taken its departure. When we hear of foul
drains emitting, as Shakespeare hath it, " the rankest com-
pound of most vUlanous smell that ever offended nostril," and
coming in contact with the water we drink ; when we learn
that there are thousands of cisterns, not only in the metropolis,
but in many other towns, rarely, if ever, cleaned ; and when

we know that cisterns are swimming baths for rats and other
vermin ; then we are most certainly glad to find that the filter
is coming into more general use. But even at the present time
we do not suppose that one house in a hundred contains one
of these valuable articles, although, thanks to the manufac-
turers, they are now so cheap as to be within the reach of all.
The English housewife, with that indisposition to change cha-
racteristic of John Bull, resents any such " new-fangled
notions," and prefers to use from the tap direct. But the
many cases of blood-poisoning from impure water have
awakened English matrons to its value, and in sanitary exhibi-

♦-

THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1R81

ions and in many shop windows where they have been dis-
played, she has seen the thick, muddy, loathsome^water, pass
through the filter sparkling, pure, and clear, leaving its
glut of poisonous matter to the digestion of charcoal inside
the filter.

All dealers in domestic appliances should keep this article,
and one placed in the window (in which say some local foul
water comes out pure), will be an attraction to the passers by.
There are not many manufacturers of these articles. We wUl
give their names and addresses, so far as we know.

One of the largest and best known manufacturers is the
Silicated Carbon Filter Company, of Battersea, S.W. Their
Ascension Filters are well known. In these the blocks are
movable, and can be taken out, when, with the aid of a piece
of india rubber tube, they can be converted into pocket filters,
the small india rubber peg at the top being placed in the
socket-hole at the bottom. The water passes through the

carbon in the directions shown by the arrows in the illustra-
tions. When clpansing the filters, tie small india rubber peg
should be removed'and placed in the socket at the bottom ; the
carbon should be strongly blown in from the top, and scrubbed
with a brush and boiling water. All the parts are kept in
stock by the company, and therefore new carbon media can be
supplied without the filters being returned to the makers.

For hospitals, schools, and large establishments, Messrs.
Lotz and Co., of Barbican, E.C., export a good filter for
fixing on to the tap, thus ensuring that every drop of
water used shall be filtered.

Messrs. Slack and Brownlow, of Canning Works, Manches-
ter, make a very good compressed charcoal filter, while Mr.
Cheavin Boston has a good reputation for these articles. Other
well known manufacturers are Messrs. Davonport and Co.,
High Holborn, W.C., and L. Lipsoombe and Co., 44, Queen
Victoria-street, E.G. There are many other manufacturers in
London, whose address we shall be happy to give to any of
eur readers who may require the same.

STOVES.
Mr. Henry Defty, of Middlesborough-on-the-Tees, in the
County of York, engineer, has obtained provisional protection
for "Improvements in Stoves sf Combustion." First this
invention relates to an increased furnace made of various
forms, either of iron or of other material, for generating beat
in domestic or other stoves where a graduating heat is required,
whereby his improvements can be applied and adapted to any
size, shape, or form of furnace, by preference of iron, whereby
the aiTangement becomes inexpensive for the common
dwelling house purposes, also halls, churches, conservatories.

jhalti'tig kilns, and all places where such may be required. To
this arrangement of furnace a grate with a fire is fixed, the
same being cased by an arrangement of transparent shell or
doors to protect the fire from the action of the cold air, and
to permit a clear view of the burning fiie, all air for combus-
tion to pass from the back and bottom to the grate to keep a
clear graduating close hydro carbon flame. Immediately over
the flame can be placed ovens or boilers for domestic purposes,
and all heat not used at this stage as it ascends to the stack
comes in contact with an arrangement of small chambers so
arranged for air passing through from one portion of the
chamber to another that all the air becomes heated by con-
densation and by the contraction of the rarified volume, thus
preventing any smuts or oxide of carbon from passing the
collectors, which become coated with the soot, which soot by
means of a suitable metallic cleaner is again passed back to the
fire, so as to keep a clear passage. The air when so heated can
be conducted by an arrangement of tubes from an ordinary
kitchen or other grate to any number of rooms in a house or
building, thus preventing waste of fuel and inconvenience
arising from smoke.

CURIOUS INSTANCES OF THE IMPORTANCE

ATTACHED TO COVBEINGS FOE THE HEAD.

{C pniinued.)

There is yet preserved a picture, by Giovanni Bellini,
representing the reception of a Venetian ambassador at the
Sublime Porte in the early years of the sixteenth century.
Turbans of every conceivable shape and form, of grotesque
magnitude, are worn in this picture by the Commander of the
Faithful and his great officers of state, but not a single fez is
to be seen. There is another painting, dating from the year
1788, of a French ambassador dining with the Grand Vizier
in the hall of the divan. Some of the Turks wear kalpaks,
while others assume "full moon" or "pumpkin" turbans.
The Turkish servants bringing in the dishes have very high
conical caps.

Sugar-loaf caps have always been worn and are worn to this
day by the dancing dervishes, who are an accredited ecclesi-
astical corporation; but the howling dervishes, who may
be described as a kind of " scratch-pack" of religionists, were
allowed to wear turbans, or, for the matter of that, to howl
bare-headed if they liked. The fez in a modified form — that
of a closely-fitting red skull-cap — was the nucleus or core of
the turban, and was thus altogether concealed from view ;
whereas the tarbouch, being, on the other hand, of a stiff
material and taller than the fez, appeared above the summit of
the turban.

The small " natty " fez, with its gold or silver tassel, at
present so generally distinctive both of the Osmanli and of
the Ottoman Greek, was in former times worn miich more
habitually by the Turkish women than by male Turks. It was
the favourite headdress in the harem ; for the Turkish women,
in contradistinction to their Mahometan sisters in Hindostan,
very rarely wear turbans. Singularly enough the Sultan, who
arbitrarily deposed the turban in favour of the tasselled fez,
wore at his accession to the throne a turban well nigh as
gorgeous and as colossal as the historical ones of Amaruth II.
and Selim III. The turban assumed at the beginning of his
reign by Sultan Mahmoud Khan, the great Turkish reformer,
was an astounding structure of muslin, silk, cloth of gold,
precious stones, and ostrich feathers.

As swiftly and as ruthlessly as the Muscovite Czar compelled
his boyards to cut off their beards and appear in powdered
wigs, tail coats and smalls, so did Mahmoud II. force his
pashas and effendis to throw aside the garb of the Arabian
Knights and accept the simple uniformity of costume — the
plain single-breasted black surtout and trousers and the fez
cap — distinguishing the modern civilian Turk. Such is the
dress worn to-day alike by the Minister of State at the Porte,
by the shipbroker's clerk at Galata, and by the hotel valet de
place at Pera. Only the Ulema, the conservative shopkeepers
in the Bezezteen, and the beggars retained the turban. The
dancing dervishes adhered to their sugar-loaf mitres ; but

Dec. 1, 1881.

THE JOXTENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

every other male Ottoman, civilian or soldier, contentedly
donned the fez. This headgear, it is worthy of remark, comes
from a Moorish city whose people wear turbans.

Not alone has the great hat question exerted its influence in
Ottoman politics, it has also left its mark in the history of
Russia. The backwardness of civilisation in Eussia is traced
to the Emperor Paul, who held in particular detestation aud
treated with particular disrespect that masterpiece of civilised
culture, the tall black hat. He issued an ukase prohibiting
its use under heavy penalties. It is also a matter of history
that a foreign ambassador at this Court insisted on wearing
the obnoxious headgear, and was on that account and no other
dismissed by the Czar.

It is only a few mouths since one Vincenzo Perrara, a
Neapolitan hatter, was arrested for exposing for sale articles
of headgear labelled " PassavanteHats," the Crown Prosecutor
filing the hat and label as exhibits, and charging the tradesman
with "exciting to scorn of the King's person," Passavante
being the would-be regicide.

Last year, too, hats came before the Indian authorities,
when some of the natives of Calcutta memorialised Sir
Ashley Eden, praying that their fellow-countrymen should
wear their puggarees when at durbars, in courts of
justice, and " on all other official occasions," and that
those wearing headdresses not thus bound round with
the turban shoidd be requested to uncover their heads in
token of respect, their real desire being to obtain the liberty to
appear uncovered. The Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal did
not decide as they wished, but he availed himself of the oppor-
tunity of declaring officially that " brimless caps form a very
slovenly and unbecoming style of dress for public occasions ;"
and he added, "the memorialists are much mistaken if they
suppose that in wearing brimless caps they are imitating Euro-
pean customs. No European of respectability would appear in
public in such caps, and they cannot therefore claim, as they do,
to associate its adoption with Western culture."

Tbe same question also came up before the High Court of
Bombay, where the Chief Justice took exception to the shape
of a Parsee's hat and gave the wearer the choice of removing
his head-gear or going out of eoiirt. The hat in question was
an "improvement" on the orJinary Parspe bat; it had the
dome shape of a certain style of wide-awake, but in lieu of a
brim it had a sort of dummy turban, the whole being black.
The learned Chief Justice being short-sighted, took the head-
piece for a European wide-awake, and was much shocked at
the want of respect shown by wearing it in the presence
of the Court. His lordship refused to listen to the explana-
tion preferred by a Hindoo amicus ciirim, and the unhappy
wearer was placed m the embarrassing position of having to
choose between the dire alternatives of uncovering his head
and exposing it to the vulgar gaze, or of being obliged to go
out of court as if he had misconducted himself.

To a European, compliance with the cry of " hats off " in no
way involves the committal of a sin, with the possible loss of
Paradise hereafter. But n Parsee must not be seen with his
head uncovered (or for that matter his feet either) under pain
of divers penalties which interfere with his comfort both here
and hereafter.

Quite as puzzling a case involving the wearing of hats in
court came up about the same time at the Hammersmith Police-
court. Of course the amenity of soldiers to military law does
not exempt them from the regulations of the wider code, and
a soldier who commits murder is tried, not by his officers, but
the common tribunal of the judge and jury. Still in military
matters military law prevails, and no incident of it is better
known than that a soldier never uncovers except at a court-
martial. The London magistrate found a lance corporal of
the militia in bis court wearing and persisting to wear the
forage-cap of his uniform. The ofiicers remonstrated with the
man, and the remonstrance of the officers was supported by
the command of the magistrate. Both directions were unavail-
ing. Like the sergeant at mess who refused to hand the catsup
" because he had been told off to the pickled walnuts," this
lance corporal of militia could only obey one order at a time,
and found himself constrained by the exigency of the Queen's
regulations. It was in vain to explain to the soldier that there

was a decision against him. He took a military view of a
military subject, and was quite unconcerned to learn that he
was committing a contempt of court. Happily the magistrate
kept his temper and merely ordered him to leave the budding,
but no English statute as yet decides this very important
question .

The chimney-pot hat, for all its wide use, has been more
criticised than any other article of modern dress. " Look,"
says Mr. Watt, the English artist, in a recent essay on art,
" Look at a well dressed gentleman ready for dinner or attired
for any ceremony ! His vesture nearly formless and quite
foldless, if he can have his wiU. His legs, unahapeu props ;
his shirt-front a void; his dress coat an unspeakable
piece of ignobleness ; and all this surmounted by a chimney-
pot hat ! Put it into sculpture and see the result ! " There is
one civilised country, however, where at one season of the year
the chimney-pot hat is not tolerated. At Rome during the
carnival week the chimney-pot fares even as the white hat in
the New York Stock Exchange when the period prescribed by
tyrant custom for shooting the hat has arrived. This every
one knows and no one thinks of wearing one. Even the most
correct coachman wears a melon, to save himself and horses
from public ire. A few obstinate people, however, will wear a
high hat or compel their coachman to do so. The consequence
is a shower of bunches of grass upon them. Sometimes the
wearers revolt and show fight, which makes matters worse.
At the last carnival a high-hat wearer brought out a knife,
but he was soon disarmed and taken to the nearest police-
station, where his hat remained in safety for the rest of the
day. On another occasion a bunch of flowers hit a couple of
horses, which took fright and started on to the nearest pave-
ment, creating a panic of fright and throwing down a woman
and two children, who had to be taken to the hospital.

Bdudelaiie, the author of the "Flowers of Evil," had
probably the worst hat ever seen in Paris — a hat to which he
was passionately attached, as it served as a touchstone to test
the friendship of his acquaintances. When one of his associates
was invited to walk along the boulevards of a sunny afternoon
— the poet's head-covering being particularly atrocious — and
declined the offer or proposed to buy the bard a new hat before
setting out, his name was instantly struck from Baudelaire's
" list of friends."

The felt hat, it is worth adding, on the authority of a recent
writer, is as old as Homer. The Greeks made them in skull
caps — conical, truncated, narrow, or broad brimmed. The
Phrygian bonnet was an elevated cap without a brim, the apex
turned over in front. An ancient figure of Liberty (A.D. 145)
holds the cap in the right hand. The Persians wore soft caps ;
plumed hats were the head dress of the Syrian corps of Xerxes ;
the broad brim was worn by the Macedonian kings. The
merchants of the fourteenth century wore a Flanders beaver ;
Charles VII., in 1160, wore a felt hat hned with red and
plumed. The English men and women in 1510 wore close
woollen or knitted caps; two centuries ago hats were worn in
the house. Pepys, in his diary in 1664, wrote: "September,
1664, got a severe cold because I took off my hat at dinner ; "
and again in January, 1665, he got another cold by sitting too
long with his head bare to allow his wife's maid to comb his
hair and wash his ears.

Lord Clarendon, in his essay, speaking of the decay of respect
due to the aged, says " that in his younger days he never kept
his hat on before those older than himself except at dinner. It
may be said, in conclusion, that perhaps the most phenomenal
hat in existence is one recently exhibited by a Philadelphia
hatter. It was 32 inches in the crown, while the brim is
nearly a yard in circumference, and made for Charles A.
Erling, aged twenty-seven, son of a farmer near Bridgeboro.
Erling is within half an inch of five feet high, with very short
legs and a very long body. His chest was 44 inches round,
and his stomach 4li. He has for years been obliged to lie
down, because his body will not carry his head. Medical men
say that this enormous size of the head is not caused either by
water on the brain or malformation, but is merely the result
of an overgrowth. He has perfect health, but is totally
uneducated, as his friends thought it would do him harm to
learn lessons. The hat made for him is twenty sizes larger
than that of Daniel Webster, and Erling's brain is at least
thrice as large as an average brain.

THE JOTIKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

TO THE EPITOE OF THE " JOTIBNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND
SEWINO MACHINE GAZETTE."

Will you kindly give me names and addresses of a few Bnglisli

washing-machine manufacturers?— Bkussels. The following

E the list so far as our memory serves us.— [Editors J. O. D. A.]

Acme Machine Co., Glasgow.

Anglo-American Laundry Co., Fann-street, E.G.

Beard, John, 67, Silchester-road, Notting-hill.

Beveridge and Eobinson, Kirkcaldy.

Bradford and Co., Manchester.

Entwisle and Kenyon, Ewbank, Accrington.

Feather and Smith, Oldham.

Follows and Bate, Manchester.

Green and Co., Limited, Leeds.

Heaps Bros., Feather and Lund, Keighley.

Hurst, B., and Son, Halifax.

Holmes, Pearson, and Medgley, Keighley.

Kent and Co., Holborn, W.C.

Kenworthy, E., and Son, Oldham.

Moore and Murton, Keighley.

Smith, L., and Co., Bury, Lancashire.

Summerscales and Son, Keighley.

Taylor and Wilson, Accrington.

Theobald, E., Greenwich.

Thomas and Taylor, Fonthill-road, Pinsbury Park.

Twelvetrees, Harper, Finbbury- pavement, E.C.

Wayatt and Co., Liverpool.

Wilding, Poulton Le Fylde.

Whiteley. J. K., and Co., Poultry, E.C.

Wolstencroft and Co., 93, High Holborn.

Whalley, Smith, and Paget, Keighley.

Dissolutions op Pabtneeships.
Burnett and Farrer, Leeds, bicycle makers. November 5.
Burns, Edward and Co., Halifax, machine brokers. October 24.

Debts by Edward Burns.
Godsall and Eead, SoholefiGld-street, Birmingham, bicycle and

machine oil can, &c., manufacturers. October 31.
Mabbett and Pink, Komford and Barking, ironmongers. October

6. Debts by John Thomas Pink.
Smith, Marke, and Co., Keighley, washing machine makers.

October 31.

Liquidations by Abeanoembnt.

Skeet, William, Wellington-street, Aldershot, ironmonger. Oct. 25.
Brooke, Charles William, Bournemouth, ironmonger. Nov. 5.
Winder, John, Stricklandgate, Kendal, and Thomas Winder and

Stephen Winder, both Kirby, Lonsdale, trading as T. Winder

and Sons, ironmongers. November 4.
Collins, Alfred, Stalbridge, Dorset, ironmonger. November 7.
Beach, James, Union-street and Station-road, Plymouth, bicycle

manufacturer and machinist. November 19.
Daubney, Eobert Henry, Wainfleet AU Saints, Lincolnshire, iron-
monger. November 18.
Pawll, Joseph, Morriston, near Swansea, ironmonger. Nov. 15;
Flood, Selina, Market-street, Atherstone, ironmonger. Nov. 16.
Hately, David, Albert-road, Hoylake, Cheshire, ironmonger.

November 15.
Walker, Emma, trading as E. Walker and Son, Earl's -court-road,

ironmonger. November 16.
Ware, Francis James, Highgate, Hawkhurst, Kent, ironmonger.

November 16.

Bills op Sale.

Edwards, Thomas, 1, Garston-terraoe, Hornsey Else, ironmonger ;

i:il7 lis. 2d. In favour of Hemmings Brothers. Piled

October 27.
Freeman, Samuel, 35, Loampit-vale, and 28, and 29, Elinor's-

street, Lewisbam, and 66, Bartholomew-close, City, sewing

machine maker; ^666, &o. In favour of Thomas Fairhead.
Filed October 27.
HoUeyhead, John, 138, Carlisle-road, and Cleveland -street, Grimes-

thorpe, Sheffield, bicycle and sewing machine maker; £\5, &c.

In favour of Benjamin Jacobs. Filed October 27.
Searle, William, 37, Silver-street, Eegent-street, sewing machine

agent ; ^612 10s., further ehge. In favour of L. & W. Loan,

&c., Co. Filed November 5.
Smith, John, 36, Clifton-street, Cardiff, ironmonger; ^£500. In

favour of William F. Gillett. Filed November 1.

Mafgs, Thomas, 286, Old-street, Shoreditch, sewing machine

manufact"^^"^ ; i£75. In favour of Alfred Culmer. Filed

November ■'■■'■•
Shrimpton, Herbert, 7, Longfleld-avenue, Black Horse-lane,

Walthamstoff, and 52, New North-road, Islington, furnishing

ironmonger; ^293 2s. 6d. In favour of Samuel Betts. Filed

November 10.
Smith, John, 36, Clifton-road, Cardiff, ironmonger ; .£500, not ex.

In favour of John Cormell. Filed November 8.
Edwards, James, 12, Railway-terrace, Sittingbourne, sewing

machinist ; £S0, &c. In favour of Liverpool Commercial Trust Co.

Filed November 19.
Gubbins, Joseph Payne, 116, Camden-road, Tunbridge Wells,

Kent, ironmonger; 450. In favour of William H. Chapman.

Filed November 16.
Manlove, Joseph Henry, 63, Junction -road. Upper Holloway,

ironmonger; £U5, &c. In favour of Union Deposit Bank.

Piled November 18.
Parr, Edward, High-street, Brentwood, Essex, ironmonger ; 4250

absolute sale. In favour of John Barrett. Filed November 19 •
Pair, Edwin, Brentwood, Essex, ironmonger; indemnity. In

favour of John Barrett. Piled November 19.

Countt Court Judgments.

Beckerley, C. T., Maraspoir, Penzance, Cornwall, ironmonger;
412 16s. 8d. October 1.

Whit«, G. W., Christchuroh, Hants, ironmonger ; 410 5s. 2d.
October 8.

Baker, William, Burnham, Somerset, ironmonger; 410 Is. Od.
October 6.

Barrett, William^ Barrow, Lancashire, ironmonger; £16 8s. 4d.
October 5.

Hoare, John, 8, Sidney -terrace, Kilburn, ironmonger; 419 10s. 9d.
October 3.

Pullen, J. P., 180, High-street, Deal, Kent, ironmonger ; 416 Bs. Id.
October 7.

Hawes, Daniel, 55, Croydon-road, Barking-road, ironmonger ;
418 6s. 3d. October 12.

Shrimpton, Herbert, 52, New North-road, ironmonger; 413 Is. 8d.
October 11.

Smith, John, 36, Clifton-street, Eoath, Glamorganshire, iron-
monger; 414 2s. lid. October 11.

Steele, C. B., 114, High-street, Kensington, ironmonger;
416 lis. lOd. October 12.

Williams, John, 10, High-street, Mold, Flints, general iron-
monger ; 414 8s. 3d. October 5.

Halle, S. B., 168, Stoke Newington-road, ironmonger ; 414 4s. 3d.
October 25.

Smith, John, 3(5, Clifton-street, Eoath, Glamorganshire, iron-
monger ; 410 133. 2d. October 17.

Synonyms for the announcement of bii-ths, marriages, and.
deaths continue to be multiplied by ingenious transatlantic
journals. One paper styles tbem " Babies, Brides, and Bodies,"
another adopts " The Cradle, the Dungeon, and the Tomb ; "
a third, " Buds, Orange Blossom, and Cypress," but "Hatches,
Matches, and Dispatches " carry off the palm.

Dec. 1, 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

TPIE

:pe:e3i^x^ess

CLOTHES WRINGER

Is the leading Wringer of America.

C^
O "^

Pi m

The best, the cheapest, the most substantial and
simple wooden frame Clothes Wringer made.

Enquiries and Orders to be addressed to the Sole European
Representatives,

JOHN R. WHITLEY <S6 CO.,

7, POULTRY, LONDON, E.G.;

AND

8, PLACE VENDOME, PARIS.

p
V
p.

A.C3-E3SrT

•W-f^nSTTEID.

THE"BISSCHOP"GASENG!«

Piston and Vah'c need no Luhrlcator. ^YUl start at a moment's notice.

PowEB. Price.

OneMan £25 u 0

One-and-a-haU Man 30 0 0

Two Man .35 0 "

Four Man 50 0 0

H
W

W
H
<

Pi
<

w
o

o
>

H
?3

H
M

J. E. H. ANDREW,
18, Waterloo Road, STOCKPORT.

S. & H. HARB

WATERPROOF

REQUIRES

NO BRUSHING.

REQUIRES NO
BRUSHING.

WATERPROOF.

SHOE BLACKING,

Liquid in Bottles; Paste in Tins.

WATERPROOF DUBBIN,

For BOOTS and

HARNESS.

BLACK DYE, FOR STAINING HARNESS

AND ALL KINDS OF LEATHER.

57, MANSSLL ST., ALDGATE,

i^oisTxaoisr, E.

OILS.

IMPERIAL SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 6 oz. Bottles.
CRYSTAL SPERM SEWING MACHINE,

In 1 to 2 oz. Bottles.
BICYCLE LUBRICATING,

In bulk or bottle to order.
"SOLAR" BICYCLE LAMP OIL,

In 4 and 10 oz. Bottles.
MACHINERY OILS,

As consigned to us by the drum or liarrel.

SEWING MACHINE TRADE SUP-
PLIES—

OIL CANS, SCREW-DRIVERS, NEEDLES,
RUBBERS, BELTS, FITTINGS and PARTS.

DOMESTIC MACHINERY—

In all its branches.
SOLE AGENTS for tlie HAMILTON MANUFAC-
TURING Co. Manufacturers of the "WALKER

WASHER" and DOMINION WRINGER.
IMPORTERS of AMERICAN KNITTING

MACHINES.NOVELTIES, and HARDWARE.
SOLE AGEN L'S for the BICKFORD KNITTING

MACHINE Co.

Lists ob Samples on Application to

, S. DAVILLE & CO..

46, WOOD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881.

((

The Coventry Triumph" Bicycles & Tricycles.

, LAXON, ASLATT & CO.,

WEST ORCHARD, COVENTRY,

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT MANUFACTURERS.

India Rubber Tyred Bath Chair and Perambulator Wheels. Speciality Children's Bicycles and
Tricycles. Manufactures for this Season cannot be surpassed. Price Lists on Application.

THE

NEW STRAIGHT

NEEDLE

MACHINE

PL*

Q
fc5

P
!Z!

H
o

M
02

IsTOISEXjESS, light I2,TJlinq-Iiq-<3- ^jM^rs lDXJ2e-A.BXjE.

BAER & REMPEL, Billefeld, Germany.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED, VIENNA 1873, PARIS 1867

Sewing Machine Manufacturers.

THE LARGEST

THE LARGEST SEWING

Machine "Belt"
Manufacturers.

THE LARGEST SEWING MACHINE

TTIN6S

Warehouse.

Oil
Manufacturers.

Bishop's Cluster Company, Limited, 25, Hamsell St., London, E.G.

HOLMES, PEARSON, & MIDGLEY,

MANUPACTUEERS OP

Washing, Wringing, and Manghng Machines,

FRUn DRESSER, SUGAR CU7TER, CHAFF CVTTER,

Morticing Machines and Circular Saw Benches

MANUFACTORY :

ROYAL IRON WORKS,

Price List on Application.

SPECIAL TERMS TO MERCHANTS AND THE TRADE.

ALL GOODS CAREFULLY PACKED IN SMALL SPACE FOR EXPORT.

THE ROYAL WASHER, strong and simple in construction An ornament to every home, and the deUght of every wife.
Price, 22 inches, £5 10a. Rollers with Brass Caps.

Ueo. 1, 19SI. THE JOTTRK \.L OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MIACHINE GAZETTE.

S!?

WATSON & CO.,

OLDHAM,

MANUFAGTUEEKS OF THE CELEBRATED

Family and Medium IVIacliine

WITH ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS.

ALSO MANTTFACTtmEES OP THE

On the Wheeler and Wilson Principle.
Special Terms to Merchants and Shippers,

THE

BIRKBEGK BUILDING SOCIETY'S ANNUAL
RECEIPTS EXCEED FOUR MILLIONS.

How to Purchase a House for
Two G-uineas per Month,

With Immediate Possession and no Bent to pay. — Apply at
the OfiBce of the Biricbeck Building Society, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Purchase a Plot of Land
for Five Shillings per Month,

With Immediate Possession, either for Building or Gardening
purposes. Apply at the Office of the Birkbeok Fkeehold
Land Society, 29 & 30, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane.

How to Invest your Money with
Safety,

Apply at the OflSce of th<8 Biekbeck Bank, 29 and 30,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. Deposits received
at varying rates of interest for stated periods or repayable
on demand.

Current Accounts opened, aud Interest allowed on the
minimum monthly balances. English and Foreign Stocks and
Shares purchased and sold, anil Advances made thereon.

Office Hours from 10 to 4 ; except on Saturdays, when the
Bank closes at 2 o'clock. On Mondays the Bank is open untU
9 o'clock in the Evening.

A Pamphlet with full particuUrs may be had on application.

Francis Savenscroft, Hanager.

TO INVENTORS, GENERAL PATENT OFFICE

a Established 1830.

G. F. REDFER

(Sxtccessor to L. De Fontainemoreau ^ Go.),
4, SOTJTH STREET, FINSBXTBY, LONDON;

ALSO AT

Provisional Protection, £T ; French Patent, &*l; Belgian, ^£8;

German, .£10 lOs. ; United States, SXl lOs. Designs and Trads

Marks Eegi^tered. Circular gratis on application.

CHARLES J. THURLOW,

•A

s ^

1 ""

rrt T?

€•3

39,

CHESTER STREET, HULME,

MAJfCHESTER

MEDALS.

Avoid Imitations under various names, use only
the Standard and Original Article.

Hauthaway's

PEERLESS GLOSS,

For Blacking and Polishing

LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S

BOOTS AND SHOES.

'BOSTON, 1868.
VIENNA. 1873.

The STiecess of " Hauthaway'g Peerless
Gloss " has brought forward so many imita-
tions under various names — some of which are
highly injurious to the leather — that the PubUo
are cautioned tc »A for HAUTHAWAY'S
PEERLESS GLOSS, and to use no other.

John S. Deed and Sons, 461, Oxford
Street, London, Sole Wholesale Agents for
the United Kingdom.

THE JOURNAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIA.XGES AND SEEING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, t881.

<i->

4-t

l-l

-a

cfl

■5

-a

-4-*

Figr- A.

OPEN

!3haif

Wilhdrawa.

Factory of Se-wing Machines and Sewing Machine Cabinets.

iermany.

3
Qtq

a.
*o

en
O

a
o

I-

3
CD

pi
3

TO SE^vsTHsTGr Ivl-^OHZIJ^E X)E.^XjJ±iJ:o»=>.

LATEST NOVELTY.

^ PATENTED IN ENGLAND AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

Delivered with complete treadle movement free in London at prices but little above thoso

Fig. B.
LOCKED

Chair and
Sewing Ma-
chine within

OABIHET

Furnished

for all systems of machines,

Very useful. More solid than iron stands.

Honourable mention and highest rewards at numerorse Sxhibitiong.

Novel I
Cheap !
Solid !
Elegant !

SECOND
HIGHEST

Medal

AT THE LATE

Sydney

International

EXHIBITION

1879.

for usual iron stands with table and cover.

Without or with our machines, either plain style or inlaid in mother oi-

pearl, and highly ornamented in hand painting by epecial

artists. All machines with loose wheel

and self-acting winder.

flanm, T" — .»___ pearl, and h

Wholesale Agents wanted throughout the United Kingdom.

bEc. 1 1881. THE JOtfENAL OP DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

G. E. WEIGHT'S PATENT SEWING MACHINES.

LOOP-STITCH. LOCK-SWITCH.

^^^OSOFROi,,^

- Kil,

By tlie Half-dozen, 16; 6 each.

G. E. WRIGHT, I, NEW BROAD ST., LONDON, E

\a&-_*^ - THE LANSTRY
By tlie Half-dozen, 27/- each.

"EMPIRE" WASHER.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST MACHINE FOE. FAMILY USE
YET OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC.

I'E.ICEIS.

No. 1.
„ 2.
,, 3.

£1 10
2 2
2 10

0
0
0

Liberal Discr unt to the Trade. For Illustrated List apply to Makers, -

T. WOLSTENCROFT & Co., "^^
93, nia-Ti noLEoi^iNr

onsriDOisr

HUTCHISON'S PATENT FORK CLEANING MACHINE,

Adapted for Hotels, Clubs. Restaurants, and Private Houses. It is
constructed to polish SIX FORKS AT A TIME, andrendersan even
and brilliant polish without injury, by the simple method of a rotary
handle which can be turned any way.

N.B. — This Machine is the greatest preventative of damage to
which the prongs are exposed when cleaned by hand.

HUTCHISON'S PLATE POWDER,

Prices, in Tin Canisters, l-Vo., 6d. ; 1-lb,, 1/; S-lb., 1'9.
Liberal terms to Shippers and Merchants.

Length, 23 inches ; width, 12 inches ; height, 9 in. JVEeSSPS. iffUTOHISON & CO,,

MANUFACTORY: 51, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C.

MAGIC STEAM LAUNDRY WASHE

SECTJEED BY
EOTAL

LETTEES
PATENT.

The cheapest and most economical Washer introduced, avoiding all the wear ot linen
caused by present modes. Things to be washed only require to be soaketl. sonped, steamed, and
hand-rubbed once,

No use of chemicals, soda, dollies, maids, wash-boards ; no turning or pushnig macnmc'
handles ; only one-half the soap used. See opinion of JESSE OVKBTON, Springfield Laundry,
Leammgton, in Queen of 17th of .Tuly, page 68 : — "The steam softens, and the condensed w.itcr
carries away grease and stickiness, just as a belt of perspiration does off a dirty forehead."
COLOtm OF WASHING DECIDEDLY IMPROVED.

MAGIC LAUNDRY WASHER COMPANY.

4) Ta:5 DJuiTi'^i 6'P o^-i^icro A.p?uiA.N'oas and sEWiNa michene aAZEirES De6. i, i^st.

PRIZE

MEDAL

ibition.

AWA RDS

1880.

TAYLOR AND WILSON'S

"HOME" WASHER
"DOLLY" WASHER ■
WRINGING MACHINE

FIRST PRIZE

SECOND PRIZE

FIRST PRIZE

Price, £6:6:0.

Price £3 : 10 : 0.

Price, £3:5:0.

Awarded upwards of 150 Gold and Silver Medals and First Frizes.

THE ANNUAL SALES EXCEED THOSE OF ANY OTHER WASHING MACHINE.

Our Goods are all guaranteed to be made from the best materials, thorougbly seasoned, and are all fitted with oul
well-linown patents and appliances, wbicli cannot be supplied by any other maker.

Illustrated Catalogue free on application to

TAYLOR & VV^ILSON,

Atlas Works, Clayton-le-Moors, Accrington.

Dec. 1, 1881. THE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACBIKE GAZETTE.

PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED.

PAEIS, 1878.

Iioudon, 1851,
For High. IXerit.

GOLD MEDAL.

London, 1862,
For General Great Excellence.

Vienoa, 1878,
For Progress.

Philadelphia, 1876,
For Superior Excellence.

Linen
Thread

MANUFACTURERS

Shrewsbury,
England.

■•^^■-(f

Linen Sewing-Machine Threads. Shoe Threads.

Sole-Sewings Machine Threads, For Blake, Keats, Pearson & other Machines
Wax Machine Threads, of Best Quality and Special New Quality.

Saddlers' Threads. Harness Threads.

Ai ■rT,*«...a c*^.,^i^^ rnu.»^.r,^» (for Tailors' work, Domestic use, Book-

Also, Hand Sewings Threads, | binding. Carpet Sewing, &c.

Six-Cord Machine Twist, used in substitution for siik.

Gilling: Twines. Macrame and other Lace Threads.

THE JOUENAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. Dec. 1, 1881.

Works :— O O V E

London : 97, Cheapside. Leicester : 76, Welford Road.

MAKERS OF THE

" Premier," " Flying Dutchman," & other Bicycles & Tricycles.

PATENT DOUBLE

BALL BEARINGS.

BUIQAN HERBERT ftCSOPEB
COOPER'a

INEXTINQUISHABLE

HUB LAMP.

The only Lamp that does
not go out on a rough road.

On the " D.HF. PREMIER," fitted with our Patent Ball Bearings, was accomplished
The greatest distance ever ridden in one week, viz. : — 1,405 MILES, and on the same Machine
The greatest distance in one day is 262 MILES-

SEND FOR OA

LOGUEI FREE.

Please send another large size " Coo23er's Patent" Lamp, so that I may get it to-morrow. It is the
grandest thing in L:tmps that I have ever seen or tried. — Tours truly, W. Tatteksfield.

Dear Sirs, Brighton, December 27th, 1880.

We have much pleasure iu testifying to the excellence of " Cooper's Patent Lamps," which give great
satisfaction. Tours truly, H. Eevell Eetnolds, jun., Dark Blue B.C., and L.B.C.

E. K. Eevell Eetnolds, Dark Blue B.C.
L. B. Eetnolds, L.B.C.

All Oonnnunications to he addressed to the Works. COVENTRY.

Dec. ], 1881. THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

JOHNSTONE FLAX MILLS.

INDEPENDENT TESTIMONY.
FINLATSON'S THREAD

•

AT THE

GREAT AMERICAN LEATHER FAIR

The Threads manufactured by FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD & 00. are in practical and
exclusive use during the Exhibition in Mr. Tilton's Boot Factory, and by the Goodyear, the
Blake, the Keats, the National Wax Thread Machines, and by the New International Dry Thread
Machine. This, as a practical endorsement of this Thread, is certainly very suggestive, and it
is doubtful whether stronger testimony, from those best qualified to judge, could possibly be given
*'as to the quaUty of the article under notice." — Boston Advertiser, September 10, 1881.

FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD & CO.,

JOHNSTONE, near GLASGOW,

AND

GRAFTON FLAX MILLS, U.S.

THK JOUKNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.

Dec. 1, 1S81

GREAT FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS IN

Harper Tielvetrees' Yilla lashing Machine.

" VILLA " WASHING MACHINE, Newest Style, with Reverse Action £2 15 0

" Villa " Washer, Wringer, and Mangier, Neweet Style, do. do. £5 15 6

Do- do. do. Original Style £5 5 0

Send for Wholesale Prices, recently revised and reduced. Special Agent ivanted in every Toivn.

HARPER TWELVETREES, WASHING machines, clothes wringers & mangles,
80, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.G.

THE ELIAS HOWE SEWING MIOHINES

MANUFACTURKD ^',

The Howe Maonine Company,

EXPEESSLT rOE BO^'^ & -SHOE MAKEES,

SADDLE AND B.-^, T MAKERS,

AND FCt

Manufacturers of all kinds of Leather Goods,

ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE CLOSING OF EVERV
DESCRIPTION OF BOOT TOPS.

Flowering Machine (with patent vibrating attachment.)

A SPECIAL MACHINE FOR ELASTICS.

Branch Offices and Agencies in every Town in the UnitecJ

Kingdom.

Price Lists and Samples oj Worlc FREE on application.

EASY TERMS OF PlTrCHASE.

The Howe Machine Company, Limited^

46 k 48, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

TOWER WORKS, PIPER'S ROW, WOLVERHAMPTON,

MANUFACTURERS OF THE ^* EXPRESS'' BICYCLE,

AND

BICYCLE FITTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

"WSIOIjEST^IjE JL3Sr33 ^ O E. E 2^ P" O K. T ^ T I O IT.

Pi-intecl for tho Proprietors, aad Published bj' them at 4, Ave Maria Lane, in the City of London.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE JOURNAL GF DGMESTIG APPLIANCES
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE
DEC. 1ST 1881.

^pro^^^^

mseswm^

■Tn;,

•Sam

N°58, Patent Cheerful
heatini Stove.

Patent Boiling &Frying Stove.

W 2279. Patent Duplex
Punlcah Lamp.

Patent Combination"
Coolang Stove.

Eclipse
Heating Stove.

N9S02. Duplex Lamp.

]^OYELTIES ES^ STOYES AND EAMPS,

Tnaniifactured by

Mess"^^ Wright & Butler, Birminghaivi.

/^//-fA/jrc J?- f^iiTutix»r(:ri/v

/sMme 7/?/A^/ry'L.-^/veec\

K^dr^H^t

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Ml&sMM

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ifp\ /■'_'■■ ^ '^' r---.

V ^'' /SV'^^f V -• If' -'V - V

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